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'4X -,8a inw 22X ^6X 30X 12X 1CX 20X 24 X 28X J 22'K Th« copy filmed h«r« haa baan raproducad thanka to tha ganaroaity of: L^iilature du Quebec Quebec k'axamplaira film4 fut raproduit gr4ca k la a«n4roaitA da: Legislature du Quebec Quebec Tha imagaa appaaring hara ara tha baat quality poaaibia conaidaring tha condition and lagibility of tha original copy and in Icaaping with tha filming contract spaciffcationa. Original copiaa in printad papar eovara ara filmad Laginnirsg with tha front covar and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- sion, or tha back covar whan appropriata. All othar original copiaa ara filmad beginning on tha first paga with a printad or Illuatratad impraa- aion. and anding on tha last pag«i with a printad or illustratad impraaaion. Tha last racordad frama on aach microflcho shall contain tha symbol —^(moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha symbol V (maaning "END"), whichavar appiias. 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L'n dea symboiee suivants apparaitra sur la damiAre image de cheque microfiche, salon le caa: le symboie -♦• signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Lee cartes, planchea. tableaux, etc., pauvent itre nimAe A dea taux de rMuction diff^rents. Lorsqua le document est trop grand pour itre reproduit en un seul ciich«, 11 est film* i partir de I'angia supArieur gauche, de gauche i droite. et de haut an baa, en prenant le nombre d'imagea nAcassaira. Las diagrammes suivants illuatrant la m*thode. y 32 X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 =2. lMANUFACTURERS' DoiiNiON Advertiser. A RECORD OF THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF CANADA, WITH DESCRIPTIVE SKETCHES Ol' SOME OF THE LEADING MANUFACTORIES, PRINCIPAL TOWNS, &c. h'i Published by the Manufacturers' Publishing Company. 1876. m ft i^j • t ,- LOVHLL PRINTINC. AND I'liHI.ISHINC COMPANY, PRINTHRS. PREFACE 1 iiU.. in.l.l.i.Ml I.. \ ,1 y. , \ ' "'''"*l""« < "'ii|...My lor allowing iix to iiiaku uso of this work. Wo urc llous!' olRul!::!'::*;;'.:: ' ""'""" """^ t^-y- ", l^r val,.al.l.. ,nlo„.,atiun c^^ncorning the coui,.osition o.'i.e ^^.Z li.ll iiZlh'o!' m',"m'!' "'!' ''"'!'"""" '- 3"' i" il^ inlai.r.v, a.nl it „....,ls wis,, an,! .•ar..f..l trnii.iMff to doveloi, it into the tl,.. I, ,,." .(",m!!1','"."i ''""■*' "'''"'!' r ''';".^"''>' ""• i"''"«"i''« "'• <'""",la liav.. .I..v,.|..i.e,i with m astonishi...- ra.mlltv i,i i a li i i^, ""''7";« .'..lt,c.s; an.l, although now sullLriMj- a .li«l,t'd..pres8ion, wu can soo t Tec ,|i o ' HO M ,M („ 1 •"""'«/!"' '"<.ni.mt nm.nihu.tinin- , ntru's of the w.,rl.l. Son.o idea of tho mairnitudo to which . .' . o. iT.:/-:, '"^ ","■■>: '"' "'I""";''' "■'"" "- '■"'-"' ••^•""" °f l^'l -•"'=1' «l^ows that at t ,a N. va So ir . >V' ,r'^i^ ..,anuhKtMn..s .n ,h.. (onr I.r.,vin,...,s .,f (inebec, Ontario, Now DrunHwick, and ^lOsVon . in ' ' ;, ""\"""l'''',»'' l''""l« o.M|,loy..,l, |s7,!M-J; tho amount of wag.-s paid vJarlv Hs na\. not piosp.n,! so w.'li .InrinK iho past liv.^ v.'ais as .hnin- the five yoars anterior to tiiose and (hV- r. r .s io. i trul. h.l ;.l, '"/I'y '■'■'"""" '",'■ ' "^'''''."""ti-u i.. our manufactures : over pro.luction, a general n, tZ "!,' ''7/'"."".«'".'"t f '., wor .1, over spee.dalion, ai,.l, last b,.t not least, a want of Protection for .nr vo , Stat.. % |"m""" ';":'"''"';' """"""•"^•""••■« '•<""l""t.d to eountriea like Engla.ul, Gernmny, F, , " .re , ■' "m'V , "•■'"r"'" >"■'■"* |"-..te..t,..n an.l (ost..ring care to guard it aganst the fully a own an.l well n vl "T "' ,""•'" '■;"'■"""■"• •••"■'^'""'''^ '"'"'^^ i^ "'"' '^1"' i« " i^'-^'" 'l'''"^l° country ; bu[ ,^ n uu t re Zde bH , r V'''r ;> •^^'''",'■'''■;'' ;;?■";"■ '•"'^■'""y ''■■""■'•"■'' '" ^''^'i-- '"''""T tl.an those of kngla. , , ami e Free b:i;i;ri::'Sr,i!;:,^;;'£;';l:|/"-''"^ -^'^ "■•- -— -y, -•"-t'l.- very existenc^-t^ the Prote^;:d Take our aeigbbours across the liu.. ir.", an.l s,.e what pr..t..ction has done for them ; under a strong nrotec- V.-, almost prolMb.tory tanll tlu.y hav,. develop.,.d th..ir in.lnstries ut.til they can " beard the lion in his In ''ami t..t«(,. II t« ) tii,.s, as It u ei.., l.r..,! Ira.le Kuglan.l m. on.' si.l.., an.l the over Protected United States on the other .1 nee,ls much .-are an.l ..aut,.,,, t., st,.er a poli,.,y which will enable our manufacturers to conn,ete f rlj w t eit, er •' e ainly w.. shall never be able to .;„ this as long as the IJuite.l States have only fifteen or t venty pe^ ce du y ti p y ..I. g.,o.l. exporte.l to Cana.la, while Cana.la has fifty or sixty per cent, duty to pay on goods W^it to tlm UnLd |iMli/ I, II lli..\ ..luige us li((y p..r cent, duty on goo.ls ina.le in Canada and exported to the States, lot us charce (h..,n hity p..r cen Mluty on g.M„ls mad., n the Unite.l States an.l exporte.l to Caimia. This would at least it s on an ...piahty with the States ; they could use our market and we could use theirs on equal terms, and the Wand ch..up..st g.H»ls would cominau. the best sale; but, as the case stands at present the manufacture in the States can always use Cana.la as a "slaughter" market, when the markets of the States are glutted, well knowing that Z iCill'ldin.'"'' "■■ •■""" "■"'""" '"■'"" ^'""•''■"" '-'"■'■ly •'^•'■'■"-l-l by the Long^vall of protecLn raisS Th.-re are liundr,..ls .,f fa.tori..s in rana.la, and thoiisan.ls of thousands of employees idlcHo day on account of the Aimnicans having lloo.le.l us with their surplus goods, which tli..y are willing to sell for « anythi.fg for cash!" bo h o k.ep up their own market an.l to break .lown our manufacturers to make roo^n for their ownf Our legislators, shoud II w ges, . le len.lent on tlieir legislation and tlu-y shoul.l be calvful to so protect our manufactures that this lame a .Hint otaLour, ami great employment of capital be retai.ie.l in the Dominion; or, some fine morning we wm a«ake to the pa ntul consciousness that our young and growing in.Justries have bJen nipped in the bud, that o INDEX TO UEADINCJ MAITEII. A Fi;oHlionH toChoi'Mo Mnkoi'M 2U\ A Wiilo Awnko Kiirriior 'Jit'J Alliin, Davul H All)iuii Ilotol 10 Aniorirnii Flftg \'M A Millionaire')* Mnxlniii L'Jil AmcH, IIoUloiiiVCo \'2 AnocJoto of Lonl Dull'orin 244 An InNiirnnco Cntto, with n nuirni 21'^ AnticDsti, Wnnd of. 120 Aron nnd Population of tlio Provincvw 22H Around tho World 2:iO Bnrbcr, Wm., A Bros IC Bartloy, W. P., & Co 18 Bnrsalou's Soop 274 Bocclior Bros 20 Boll, W., A, Co 22 Bcllovillo, Town of. lUi Blai8doll,N.S.,&Co 20 Bocokli Chas - 30 Bonavcnturo Works 70 Boota and SI1008 216 Booth, J. R 28 Borax for Exterminating OockroachcH 2;!0 Bourquo, Charles 14 Bowmnnsville, Town of. 116 Brantford, Town of. 162 Brcnnen, M 40 Brockville Agricultural Work* CO Brookvillo Novelty Works Co 32 Brockville, Town of 112 Brown & St. Charles 38 Bump, John 42 " Buy Broom" 270 Canada Cordage Co 6S Canada PoperCo 40 Canada Screw Co 70 Canada Whip Co 244 Canadian Industry 142 Chaplean,Q 54 Chatham Boiler Works 278 Childs, Charles 73 Cities of Canada 222 Clinton, Village of- 104 Cornwall, Town of. no Cowon & Britton 72 Crawford & Co 48 Crev:or,T 64 Currie Boiler Works og Currier, T. W., & Co 6« Debts and Revenues of tlio principal SlatOH of Kuropo and Amerioo 228 Dixon, Smith & Co 76 Domostioation of the llorso and the Ahh 230 Dominion Brass Works 68 Dominion Carriage Factory 204 Dominion File Works 178 INiniiniciii UiTjiiii On 7g Duly, .Idhn ij^ iMiiiiliiH, Town i)f, Kju Knirln li',,„||,|,.y ,j^ KiIwhiiIn, < '. I) „^g KKplin.fi. .V.I. " ..,!']i"" "s2 KviJM (i(lli<. Cmlje SyNlom |;)2 Kxpi-oHH Mills y,., I'Vc, Jiilin gj) Fifigal, Villii),'o iif. |,jj I'lai'k A Van Arsilnlo ^ Folly of Knilorning •>^y^ Forsyth, U ."."..... "ni Fur Iradoof Ciiniula >>•;;» aanaiKNjuo, Villnguof ij;.j Oaiiliior A Son p(j Ooi)rj;otown, Villagu of. l^.^ liirard, Octavo ||,g (ildlio WorkH w() (lodcrich. Town of, |.j2 (iortldii, Alexander q.i Qovornnicnt of Canada 222 (frant, CJoorgo iin Cirowlh of the Unllmi Slates 200 (iuolph, Town of. |„, (lurrioy, K. A C, A Son )„() Hall Manufacturing Co u^ Halifax, City nnd County j^g Hamilton, City of. -j^ Hamilton Tool Co ]|g Harris, A., A .Son - ^o") Hatlinm, Town of ]g.j Hay,R,,ACo ...."...'.".".".'.".".'.'." 114 HuinlEman A Co y,f^ HcnnosHy, Hu^'h, A Bro 1^4 Hints to Husiiioss Men 212 Hiidd, William jjq Hourigan A Son ]|n Ingorsoll Foun Kennedy, AllKM't ]3( Kennedy, Thomas, A(,'d 132 Kincardine Villnfjo df 073 Kinmond, W. Ij., A Co 120 Lake Siijierior ].jo Lcdoux, B jyg Leeds Agricultural Work, J04 Leeds Foundry g liindsiiy, Townof. igg Linton, James, A Co j^^ Pad!. lionduM, Ciljrof. .(,.» Luko tl BiiM J.I,. Luiiitieriri^ on (ho Otiawn t-r; Lynn .V Co., J. (1 „^^. Manitul>» .,. , HanunK'tiii'ui'H, AHHooialionol'.... . r. McUUin«, W !^.1!!!!"'"".''.".'~." l«ii Mcl>i)ii);iill tl SonH 1,;^ MiKhiIhiio, llarvii' ,V Co i,;i Mdiauvran .V Tucker ]|.,| Mcl'liLTHoii. (ilasfiow i (' |,(., AroMihiTs ofllie lli'iiBo iirCiininKinH of CaiiaMa L'."»| MonilnMiiofllio Hi'iialuol' Canada j;,) MuIIhkI 111' HreparinH Kniit H) iii|ih •_<(( Mur()wip|iicCli«railcr oririMi luiilSlrol 'SM Mill.T l«i-oH,AMitcli<'ll 1\^ Milclioll, h "."r...l"......... 1.^0 MinoollaniHMiH „.„ Monlival, an it wiw atiil in ,. Moiitival Urawi WDi-ltH ir..) Monlival Caul and I'apopCo jj,; Monlivid lo Otlana ,., Munlii'al loQiicIwi' .,. Mooielu'ud MaiMilm'luriiijfCo |.7(( Napaneo MIIIh ..j^ Napani'o I'ajtor MIIIh jy,; Napanco, Town of iij^ Niajjai-a II Ivor ^.,^ Niagara Kalln |.j,) Nickol and Coball I'latin^' .^;j.| Northcy, Tliotnan ^ni Novulty WorkH _ ^, O'Donovan, M Hj., Ontario Olovo Works m^ Ontario Nut Works qq Ontario Vinegar Works «. Orillia, Village of. •..„ Osbornii, Wm .j^q Oslinwa, Village of. |(.. OttJiwa Boiler Works r,^ Ottawa, City of gg Our Manufactures qoq Owon Sound, Town of. jg^ Palniorton & Bullock _ jy,, Paper Hangings oni I'tujuotto & Uobort " ' T^g Paris, Town of. ,,.p „ .'„ , 1*)0 Pans Foundry .g , Porsevoranco, Knterprise, Success 50 Peterborough, Town of. "" j.g Phoenix Foundry ' gn Pinkorton, Wliilham & Co ig^ Plummor iV Son ,„, Population of Canada "'" 276 Porter & Savage ' ' jgg Port Hope, Town of. ."!'"" no Proscott, Town of, ..!!!!...... 1C6 Presidents of the UnitotI States .".."."...'.*..*.' 173 I'lirilcr's Ink I'rinliiigTcslild Kabrics I'livy (•oun,.i| (;,|. Canada I'*... . 'JltO I'icvincial l>;.\hibilion Ul lers !!!!!"!!" "&ti I'urii Air ,„„ IKH 6M It IHH l!)G ;i2 I) »iuc'lHT, Ci(y ,,f (JutTii Viilipriii llniii.sHv. .\ , (t .Sins I.'aiik (iniii. l-rincipid .Slaliw of lli.. Worlil liU liayniiind, Cliiirli's l!.iiioviii;r III,. ,S||„.|| „| |',.||,,|,.|,,|, '..'.'.'.'.'.'..'.'.." '•: Kival lliiMlt.n 111 ilio Kasi Koclic.V Knijcl ......"..."......... Ituik I.>IiiimI, Village (if. _ _ '.^f^ li'iiiky Muiinlains ... ""«•'"■«* King "...............!!!.".' •jiMt ""«'« '. ..""."'' 11, , Saucrniaiiii, OUo ' .,'^^^ Sawyer, I,. 0., .v Co !..!"!!.!.,!.! 210 Sliearer's Mills "" ",,^ SlierbiiHike, Town nf ' ||u Sliiirt ."^1 iinon \'nv lluninc^s Men ._j|(( .Small t'ap,ieily (il a llorw'a Hloinacli •"'(;< Sinardiin \ Vnung ."|^ Sniiirl .V Sliep;ierd !J„g Siiiilli's I'alls Koiinilry Sinitli's Kails, Town of. Sniilli, II. T ...........'...'.""! •Siinie Cmidiliiins of. Success in IliisincKS 2 Slall'diilljiro I'dKeiies St. Calliui'ines, Town dl' M(. .luiin, N.H,, ciiy ,if. .!!!!.!.!.!..."..,.,... Si. Ijouis Si. Thomas' Tannery St, TliDTuas, Town (Mi 2;!» •2(ia 150 102 202 2lil 202 70 201 21J0 228 102 2:14 2.50 .. 02 .. 240 .. KiO .. 2a!> i ini)p:x to ai)vi'jhtksi:ks, n) •Ml"", Miiviil .^riic». \\„],\,;, Ji (•„ ' •>ii'lil| "Miivcrso, J. A <'o.-(si(t, (!, M.Hi llro .......,„ Cowan A Itiiitori Cnn>,J. A. 1 ...","' ''rawf.ml & (',, I'lirWo H.,i|or WorliH .".'," CuiTior, T. W.SiC, '.'. I>.'.l('iicl<, I>. K. Si Co. ........ '>ixoii, S'initli AC, * T>inniiii(iii UniHs \V,,iI(h Oliniillillll Cail'iiljr,, I.',„.|,„.y.. n)iiiiiji(iM Oritdii C(i '><>t.V, Jiilin..! Ktl.lin, 0. and.I .."...".".'.' K\-]|lVNMMillH """" KairlianksACo '" Fi'o, .Iiilin I-'lat'lf, & Van Ai-wlalo '..'.'..,, I'Virsti-i-, Kianic l''"»tor, ,S. I{. & Son. .....'*.',",".'.'" OananoqiKi, Kivot WoHtn. ..... (ic<>fj;c.l„wn, KmvuI(,j.o I-'actorv 'JiraiHl, (Xlavo _ Oonlun, Alo.\nndcT (}')uleUo, O. V Oi-nnd Tninl< HnilHay.........'."' Grant, (toor-'o iipor Mill.l A IliMill.T. HniIm nnii lil'HnllOH I'«|MT and Khvi-liiiicx. Hon|. ; I<'iirnilriiv Kiirnari'M, Ai' OicanM Virii'i;ar HimhIm'h Iiiinilmr Mni-.lii.M ■'^a-lici nriil poorM, fc,< .......OiMriilitiMNps ^Kiiriilliiral irn|il('nii>n|.^. KntriiicM C'l'ikiiiK Ilan^'i'n, Ac I.i-adn'r II. Itinjr Iliiilors, Ac M'Hiiinu'nlN, Ar I'liiilin^' nml \Vni|,|,i,i;r \' HuMicr- (iixhIm H<'lrwH Wljiiwmi,| I,rp Mncliintfiy'..". Briok Macliinn Conlii/jo MoH.'i-H ami ll(.;ij,,.|.H NiilN an.l llin;,'(.H ..'..] ....Kurnilnio .. .IXr. Moworanil H,.a|K(i.ii-s, PaslioH, Ac .".".."..'.' ... Ilalinfj I'n.HHcs ....Loadicr HoKiiifr ' ....(laHiiml .Sloani KitlingH ....Carrmp ... St. .r,,lin, .N.ll .... "i1i|-.;i|i,ivii, Oil! Moidical, Quo... llaliliiN, N.S I/oridon,Uiit (illcliili, Oiil llaniillMn, Oid.... ToiiiMlo, Onl Ollnwn, OmI Monli-cal, »iii,i .... ll.'UMlllon, (hil ..., Ilcll4\il|,., ()„| loxcrsi.ll, Oni Moniiinl, giic l^lontival, (^in. Mon|i,.„|. (j||„ (Mtawa, (Ini Monlivnl, (^i|(< Monlnial, Quo Moiilival, Quo hiindaM, ()ii( llainllton, Om Monli-tial, Que , Mordrcal, Quo Kintal, Out WiKKlNlock, Ont Moiili-cal, Quo .... Ui-0( kvillo, Onl (l.'inaniKpio, (»nt Montreal, Quo lionilon, Ont ... Ti>ronl(), Ont Ottawa, Ont ...Montreal, Quo ...Toidnto, Ont ....Montreal, (^uo ....Hamilton, Ont ....llowmanville, Out.. ....Toronto, Ont ...Montrea', Quo.. ...Cornwall, Out... ...Moutroal, Que... • ••Montreal, Quo .•.Cornwall, Ont ..Unniillon, Ont ...St. John, N. n, ..'•annnoque. Out ..aoorj,'otown, Ont ..Tliroo HivcrH, Quo... ..Montreal, Quo .■QaHnno(jue,Ont • Dundaa, Ont.. Urouiiu & H«iin Vurriurit • Jnrnry A llo»lon Rmery \\hmU.'.'.'. Hull, .loHrjih, 4 (>i Miichino Worl«H... Ilnll A.lnn.lro i|,^,,„ „„,, si,„„«... Iliiinillxm AKiiciilluiul \V..rkn In.n Cliul M.)»-..rH Itnti.ilt.Hi T.K.I Co i,,,„ „,„| ^v,„| n,„ I'liiimry., HurriH, A . A Hon Mo>v„rH m„| f:.,uiK.rH ..■.■.■.■.".■ liny, U.ACo CnMnohniiliero iri'irit/.iimii >V Co I'iniioH ironniwNy, lliif,'li, h Co II(HKl,Wm Ifuuri^'nn & Son. InnuH, JiiinoH IvciH, H, H., ft Co Jo,, Ac.V Montreal, (Juo Haniillon, Unt Onliawft, Ont Book Inland, Que.. Haniillon, Onl Hamilton, Ont Brnntf'onI, Onl Toronto, Ont Toronto, Ont Haniillon, Ont Montreal, Que I)undaH, Ont Montreal, Quo ..Montreal, Quo liongiu'uil, Quo Ouelpli, Ont DuiiiIbh, Ont Toronto, On) Montreal, (Jno OucIhm', Que Montreal, Que nananoijue, ( )nt Oananoi|ue, Ont... , Miuilrial, (iue Montreal, Que OHliawa, Ont Montreal, Que liindHiiy, Ont Hownianville, Ont.. Tliree lllvei's. Que . Ottawa, Ont Monti-eal, (^uo Tliree Bivi'rM, Qii,..., Cliatliani, On) London, Onl Montreal, Quo Montreal, (^ue Montreal, Que Fingal, Out Moiilrc.'il, (^lu' Monlreal, Que Montreal, (iiie Montreal, Que , Kl. Thomas, Ont London, Out Napanee, Ont Monlreal, Que St. Jolin, N. B Ilainilton, Ont Hamilton, Ont Moiitre.'il, Que Wliitl.y.Ont. Brockville, Ont PariH, Ont IIamilt7 2Ty i!i;i i.w l.M 151 1(13 147 Mil 2(10 U.T 157 171 177 271 173 176 85 08 183 119 31 181 179 185 161 189 81 196 187 199 .97 and m 11 m ltll>tll.Mi,l, Clmilr,. H'mIu'.V |lr,)l,.| "" UikI. MiiimI Vmlniy [[[' lloKiTN ,V Kiiijf ' Hiiiiiiriiiiinii mil ,'.' Ulii'iliur, Jiiiiii'H Nkiniiwr A l'i> Smunli.ri & Yniinj,' '.'.'.,'..... MiiiHi-C, .liiiiii'rt '[ Mnmrl X .sl,.|>lii.f,| ' ""' HniiHi, KlliiiiH Miiniidi. iiiriii;{V HiuilliN TiilU [••,„ifi.|ry HU Miiry KiMiihlry SI, LiiHiviico Kii^-iiKi \V..rkH... Hlnironl AC, >'(aiii)l'. |>. ii Ti'i»H Jtnw Ti.niMlo tViili-al Kiulory TcMDIlIu Sllllf W.llliM ""_ l'|i|wr(',iiiii.|ii M.ii,ii(mliinii^r Victiprin Fdiimlry Vk'li.iin Wiio Mills _ Vicldiiii \Vriii|,'i'i' ("(I ^ Viiluaii ll,,il..r WmiUh ]['^ Wall((.|-\ WiHiinan Waz'ir, K. M., X(;,,' "„[, WaiicrK U. H, \. (■„ '" Warivii.H. U., .t,S,„i ,'.".,.' Wan-iiir Mnwiiif; (!, Wali'iiiiiN Kii>,'iin'('i> Wi'llln/iliiii Koiiiiilry Wonlwdrlli Kin^'iiic I'l WilliaiMM Maiiiilludiiiii^, Co.... Wilwiii, J.C. \(',, " WimiiiiK, MiM .V Wall. ..". Wli.v(,.,.l.. ,VC„ ('.>. H''»iiiK M.iililiiM Ai'iniMJ Wm..™ """'l anil HUmm ...... Ill liln-N, ,Vi. VVimmI ('ar\iiij{ Saw .MillH .'.'.'*.', y^jthim, Sir """' 1 1" " 'Ih aiii I S ill K'M Mlimwnii.l llaiilwiiic. . Ilanlwaro ''I"|ikIi», .Vi' Mowiii-H ami |{„ii|MirN ... Hlovi'H, fii' Illill'l>, ,Vc """!'< ami HliiK«H ''"I"'!' llaiiKiii^r Wal.liiiwin ■« CJiH'kH l^liivoM, llaii>;i.«, fii- <'ai>'iiilar Uh'Um Carnihiri' '^iixtii'i aMil iNiiii-H ... H.'ali.» _■ '''iirMihiro... I'l'iKiriiw, IliiUTH, ,Vc Wiicwiirk Wlil||;(.|.M • ■■.Kii>,'iiK.«, tlriil^MH, ,1ir .. . l''ii>;ravi'rH ><"»illK MH(.|,i,K,H , Hi'nliiM ....Or^niiM ....MiiH<.|.K, lliirrii«H,Ac KlIKilll'H, ,^|. ....MllfjilU'M, lllli||.|.H, A, |;n.4 ., ;_■•■••■•■■.•"'_ "•^" uooIh iiiki .-tm.oH W. B. HA.MII,TON, Ks.^, R. W. KIJ.IOT, Kny ■„■"■ JOHN .MclMllMisON, Ksg ."."*.'".".'.' .- " Siiiifor.! W. K, SAXKOKI), Eng — WII.KIE, Ksg J. WATKH.MAN, E«g ......'..""." JOHN niDUIlAN. Emj.... B. H SMITH, Ehg '..', ALEX. Ali.MlTAOE, K^g W. COWAN, Eng W. MArOULLOIi(iH, E»g . . . ANDREW KLLIOT, Khi, — McKECnNlK, Ksg ROBERT UARHKR, Esq JOHN ARKLL, Eng WM. HAMILTON, Jk., Esg TilOS. LAILEY, Esg GEO. BOOTH, Ksg TH03. MUIR, Esq 0. WILBV, Esq W. Roll liCo Oi«a.,. n , , "'-'""& Ma.kay Ct.on Mill. .;'"• •'"'"' ''■'"•""'■ 'i Co BoolH niKl .Sli, HovvluiKKt Soil Hiiixlwiiro ■■■■ Hoots ' ShocH « *'""'l '^ •'" ChoniKttiH John MiI'l».|-8on A Co B„otH a,„l SI.ooh "'.".."'"uumilton Bickloy & Vnil., Wilkii-ik Oslxirn.. Waterman \ Bro. Sowing MnohinoR (liiolph, *^'' l.on(l<,n. Manulmlurcr oll'apor St. CutlmrinoH. \i V" VVc,"."'.^" MnniifhpHuorofSawH .. Whiting .Man„lh,tnrin^, Co ZkA^^'^^Z nf"'"'" ..Mew. W. MacC, UKl, A Son Sa, Ml., Troo .:,:.. V S:'"^';. •• •• Elliot, Ho,,,., ,V .Sh.-ar,l W,„,|,.,„. ; " °^„^; ""• • " M..K.„.|„.i.,.v Bcrtran, Ma.hinory '. uZT Btreotsvillo. '.',""'u." ",',""" , Agiiiiiltunil ImjilumontB Woodh, N\. JIain.llonASon Mad.inory ••••""<«l"i • " Thos. LailuyA Co Olotliinn ■■■■.. • " '^"""' * '^"" BraHH I'oumlry.. ..'.""'.' o " London Cur Manfir. Co ""r . " Smith A wiihy wof,iimi:;;;:;::;::;; ^""^""' ''ri(.ge. .Toronto. .Toronto. TBE&SUREB, EDWARD GCRNEV, Jrw. .Toronto. SOLICITOB8. Mmsrs. HARRISON, OSLER & MO.SS .Toronto. W. 11. KRAZER., JOHN MACLEAN., OFFICE-37 SCOTT ST. CORRESPONDINQ SBCHETARV. BECORDINQ SECRETARY. .Toronto. ....Toronto. ■TOUOiNTO, ONT, 11^ m; i 'i rj-.KDS FolNDltV AND .MACIIINK WOIJKS. ()AN.\.\(H;lK. 'I'lif jiiMtly poimliir iiiiifliiiic sliop which hears tlic uhovu immo has, like many siiiiihir estahlisliiiifiits on this i Coiitint-nt, urrivi-d at its iiroscnt size and iinportanco hy a natnrai giowrh, consciinent npon tho oxcelloncy of work tiirniMl out, .stcaiiily incirasing (Icmariil tor its work. Tlif proprietor, Mr. K. E. Ahholt, isa nativeofCoiini-r- ticnt, in wliii-ii State iio passed Ills youth, and learned tile trade for whici: his natural talents and inclination peculiarly fitted him— that of a tii>t-class iiiiichinist, In the year J ->.5-') he was engajred to superintend an iron works at Kiiiirston, Out., and from thence removed to GanaiMxpiein l^o^heingemployed to establish a machine shop, the want of which was u great inconvenience to the mamilactoiies then located at that place. Mr. Abbott's lirst shop ill (ianaiiocpie was in part of the jiremises known as tiie " (ilohe Works, " wIktc lie so successfully con- ducted tlie bnsine.s,s — including also a foundry in an adjacent hiiilding— f hat if soon became noted for superior work, and orders for machinery were received from all imrts of the rrovinec. In I.>^G1 iie became sole proprie- tor, and devoted his wliole attention to the building ol machines to cnder ; from which time to the present his course has been u more than ordiimrily successful one. Mr. Abbott's reputation as a skiUed workman is not surpassed by that ofany oilier luaehinist in Canada ; and, in addition to this, lie lias tlie iieciiliar (acuity of being able to adapt machines to special work,— it is to tho latter that he is iiidebled Ibr the [josition he now occupies ; and, in planning new machines to suit particular and e.vceptionul recpiirjiaents, lie has contributed largidy to the success of manufactiiriii!,' enterprises in Oananoque and other [lartsof I bitario. In 1S71 his business had outgrown his facilities, and, to keep up with the demands made upon him, he erected the large and commodious buildings now known as the " Leeds Foundry and Machine Works." These are situated on the west side of the fiananoque Kiver, near its junction with the St Lawrence, and,with deep water along side, have every convenience for ship[)iiig and receiving lieight. " The buildings are all substantially built of stone with fire-proof rools. Tlie machine shop is a building f-' X !)>< ti'el, :t storeys high ; it stands par- allel with tlu' river, some distance back. The (bundry is '1(1 X (is (i'et, and stands near the water, with u wliaif 111 front. Connecting the machine shop and foundry is a building, r,r, feet in length, used as a smith's shoji; the three buildings llins enclosing three sides of a s(piare, and the ground enclosed forming ii commodious yard. Every department is lifted up with tiie very best machi- nery and tools, most of which were made on the premises, and include, in addition to the usual outfit, many devices for the more speedy or more exact maiiiifactiiring of mill furnishings, stenmboat fittings, agricultural implements, and iron and wood-working machines of every description. The planers used in these w(nks are of superior design, liaving a positiv.' reverse motion invented by Mr. AI)bott, wliieh enables the operator to. work up to a line, and in ii more circumscribed space than can bo done with the ordinary style of [ilaiier, thus completing a job at one operation, instead of leaving parts to be finished with haihl cliisel, as is iisiiidly done. And similar points of excellence may be observed in most of the drills, lathes, presses, &e., that are constantly at work ; motions utilised, defects overcome, exactness ensured, and perfec- tion of purls obt.iiiied. . Competent workmen are employed in the pallern rooms and foundry, and, as the whide work is .lone under one rooffHie easy facility of consullalion between foremen renders mistakes almost unknown. The power that drives the whole works is derived from a hydraulic canal on the west side of the buildings, that leails from tlu! Giiii.inoipie Kiver, giving p constant supply of water which, for all practical purposes, is inexhaustible. Ami, indeed, no important reipiisite is lacking, that coidd in any great degree add to etliciency of the Leeds Works as a first-class machine shop and foundry. MONTREAL A8 IT WAS AND IS. The history of'.Muiitre«l dates back to the year 153.5, .1 hen Jacijiies ('artier first landed on its shores. At that time ail Indian Village existed here, called Hochehiga, and was described by Cartier as follows: — "It is placed near, and, as it were, joined ton great mountain, very fertile on the top, from which you may see very far. The town is round, encompassed about with timber, with three ranipires, one within another, framed like a sharp spire, but laid across above. The middlemost of these is made and built in a direct line, but perpendicular. The ranipires are framed and faslllou- ed with pieces of timber laid along the ground, very well and cunningly joined after their fashion ; this enclosure is in height about two rods; it hath but one gateorentry thereat, which is shut with piles, stakes and bars; over it and also in many iiarts of the wall, there beidaces to run almig, and ladders to get up, all full of stones, for the defence of it. There, are in the town about fifty liouses, each fifty paces long, and fifteen or twenty broad, built all of wood, covered over with the bark oi' the wood, as 1)1011(1 as any board, and cnmiingly joined together. Within are many rooms, lodgings and chambers. In the midst of every one there is a great court, in tho middle whereof they make their fires. They live in common together, then do the husliands, wives and chihiren, each one, ri'tire to their chamhers. 'I'liey have also in the tops of their houses, certain garrets, wherein they keep their corn lo make their bread, The people ure given to no I iinplcuii.'iitx, ry ilt'xciiptioii. [uiior (It'Kigii, n di.siiPrl " j i rmr- r CiKNinAL V.KW OP THE WnRKs „F David Ali.an, Esq, Gikt.ph. DAVID ALLAN, On St. 0..o.g,.'s day, IS27, the first forest (iw vv.is cut down on the site now occupied by the prosperous town of Cfueipl,, i„ tiie presence of John Cult, the nove- list, wlio describes tiie interesting ceremony in the fo lown,g words .-" A large maple tree was chosen, on winch 'taking an axe from one of the woodmen, I struck the first stroke. To me at least, the monKmt was impressive, ' and the silence of the woods that echoed to the sound,' was ob the sigh of tl,e solemn genms of the wil.lerness 'departing forever."' The sdence of the woods on that occasion, nearly fifty years ago, as Ualt stood axe in hand, contrasts strongly with the steam whistle and immense railway traffic at the present day, passing over the exact spot uj-.-, which he then stood, which is now covered by the western abut- ment of the imposing tubular viaduct of the (Jrand Trunk RaiKvay. I„ dose proximity, overlooked from the radway brulge, are the well-known Guelph n.ills and d>st, lery. The original n,ill, a wooden structure, now wholly removed, was constructed by the Canada Corn- puny, an.l passed into tie han.ls of the late William Allan m 1 S33. The present buildings are of massive masonry. The propelln.g forces on the premises are three wat^r wheels and two steam engii.es. Fonr run of stones are 'Invcn by water power and four by steam, the mills ben.g fitted up with the newest and most approved machmery for the manufacture of the finest brands of lour (or which the n.ills an; justly celebrated, under the brands of "Guelph Mills" and "River Speed" Two substantial tramway bridges conm-ct the mill with the 'li'^tillery on (he opposite bank of tiie river. The distil- lery, a stone structure, is of large cajmcitv, the duty on spirits manutactured amounting to over S:.'00,(IOO yearly Ail|oin,ng is the rectifying house, four storeys in heiirhf, also o( .stone, recently fitted up with every appliance for the production of the purest quality of spirits. In con- "•^•tion with the .iistillery tliere is also a spirit com- pounding hoiKsc for the manufacture of gin, gi„g,,,. wine ami other cordials. Kxlensive sheds for feeding cattle adjoin the distillery with accommodations for over three hundred head of cattle. The buildimr formerly oc.upied .IS a carding mill is now used as a carpenters' and mill- wrights" shop, and contains two wood-planing macliines latl'«'s for woo,l and iron, etc. There is also a commo^ 'lious blacksmiths' shop on the pretnises. The property embraces an area of nine acres, and the buildings are all of the most subsfantial character sifuated in a .•enlral part of the town, i:i i. a M. ^^r^ MILLER, DISTILLER, BEmFIEB i COMPOUNDER, Manufacturer of the following Celebrated Articles : ^^^J' PU^E SPIRITS, OLD RYE, ALCOHOL, ^o^^^V^.x 0^° TOM GIN, COMMON WHISKEY, GINGER WINE ORANGE BITTERS &o. « Also, Manufacturer of the well-known Brands of 99 '^ << 5>^.^S*ri "mij '*m>^} "IliiBi AM> Made only from the very choieest Hamples of Wheat. GH r: I ni_i ^^m-i- ALRION IIOTKL. The Albion Hotel, ooii.lii.led by Jfessrs. Deeker, Stearns & Murray, is one of (he larifest an.5 Ceet on ( 'raig streets, and e.\tends hark KM) (eet to Fortilieation lane. Tlieha.se- inent is n.se(l as the shii^iing department. On the Hrst floor is the olliee, salesroom nnd (meking room. The second lloor is nsed as a cutting and (itting room. The three n|.])er Hats are used lor holtonnng and other hranehesoCthe inannfactnre, and are finni.slied with the hest and niost iniinoved niaeliinery, a forty-live horse- [lower engine heing used to sniipiy the motive power. Messrs Anu'.s, Ilol.len & Co. were estahlishe.l in Isoj, and their trade e.xtends over the whole Dominion. the Hon. .Fohri M.d.son lifted out at Montreal, the first steamer that ever plonghed the waters of the St. Lawrence. (This was the second steamer built on this continent; Fulton's little steamer, which r.nvigated the Hudson river, heing the lir.st.) On the ;Jrd of Noveml)er the little craft got u|i steam, and nutdt; a voyage to Quebec, where the whole population crowdeii to the wharf to have a look at the phenomenon. Its arrival there was chronicled as follows by the Qiwhcc Mrrcunj, "On Siilnrd.iy morning at eight oVhx'k, arrived here from .Afontreal, being \n-r lirst trip, the steamboat Aci-omimihitiim, with ten passengers. This is the first vessel of the kind that ever apiieared iu this harbor. She is eontinmdly crowded with visitants. She left Montreal on We.lnc.sday, at two o'clock, so that her passage was si.\ty-.six hours : thirty of which she was at anchor. .he arrived at Three Uivers in twenty-four hours. .She has at present berths for twenty passen- gere, which ne.xt year will be considerably augmented. No ifimlor tiiUtan stop her. She has 7"j feet keel, un, the cholera raged in Montreal with great vio- lence, carrying off ISJa inhabitants in a population of little more than :tO,000. In April, Is-li), a political mob burnt the Pailiament buildings, and the seat of Uovern- ment was in consequence transferred to Quebec, sub- s<'quently to Toronto, and finally to Ottawa. In July, l^->L>, a destructive tire laid waste a largo portion of the city, burning 110 houses and destroying property valued at *l,.|(>:i,-j(|j. Notwithstanding these reverses, the city rapi.lly recovered, an.l to-day munbers n po|)ulation of nearly |.';o,()()() p,.„plc. Years of industry, intelligence, enterprise and labor, have produced a mighty contrast to the city as before described. Xow, ocean vessels of ■mw tons, the inaguiHceut floating palaces of the Kiche- heu t'ompany, and ships of from 70(1 to .looo tons, from all parts of the world, lay alongside the wharves of the harbor, which are uM er|ualled on this continent in immtof extent, accommodation, approach and cleanliness. Montreal has now over ;.'0() miles of streets ami lanes; some of the streets are narrow, but the majority will compare favorably with any on the continent. No- vvhere can finer or more .solid public buildings be found. The buildings for commercial and other purposes would •liRnify any city. There are none in the United States which present finer specimens of street archit.^cture than are found— not isolated here and there, but in long blocks and throughout the whole city, and while we view with pride the rapid progress made during the last few years, we remember that appearances point to a still greater advancement in the future. Montreal possesses advan- tagas which no other Canadian city can boast of. In its situation at the conlluence of the two greatest rivers, the St. Lawrence and Ih.^ Ollawa, opposite the great natural highway of the II ,n valley ; at the point where the St. Lawr.ince ceases to be navigable for Ocean 8hip,s, and where that great river, for tl«! last time in its course to the sea, alliu(l.s a gigantic water-power ; at the i'"'eting point of Ihc two races that divide Canada, and "1 tile centre of a fertile plain nearly as large as all Eng- land ; in these we recognize a guarantee for the future greatness of Jloiitreal, not based on tlie frail tenure of human legislation, but in the unchanging decrees of the Eternal, as stampe.l on the World lie has made. Wt! know from the stmly of these indications, that were Canada to be again a wilderness, and were a second Cartior to explore it, he might wander over all the great regions of Canada and the West, and returning to our mountain ridge, call it again Mount Koyal, and say that to this point the wealth and trade of Canada must turn. The .street bu.stle is sufficient, and the business activity enough to convince any one that Montreal is really and healthily prosperous. After all the building improve- ments of the fi-w years, which have transferred narrow streets and dingy houses into splendid avenues of palatial shop fronts ; which have covered the extensive fields with princely residences, and others with hundreds of factories and tens of hundreds of comfortable dwellings, the ra-re' for building seems as great as ever. ' " THE I'OKT. The Ship Channel— As already remarked, Montreal is the point at which Ocoan navigation tenainates and in- 12 AMES, HOLDEN & CO.. MAjSTTTFACTUREIiS OJP, AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN, 'lit Nos. 596, 598, 600, 602 and 604 O I^ ik. i: C35- SVX^ESJESI? MONTREAL. 18 f^9-BI C. BOURQUE, Mnnufucturcr niul dealer in ,,11 kiiidg of bnislied, estii- blishi'il in I SOS. The brnsheH nmniifiictiiredhy Mr. ('. 15oiir<|iie lire of a Huiu-rior qualify, and are sold all over tlie Doiniiiiori, ami were avvarde.l the first prize at the Agrieuitiiral and Iiidiistrial Kxhibitioii, 1S73, at Montreal. IIUl: land navigation coinniences. Prior to 1851, only vessels of light dranght could paw through Lake St. Peter and come np to the wharves ; but nn elapse of twenty-live years shows a great change, for vesstds drawing a.' to HJ feet water can now pass down from Montreal to the sea. The following arc some noticeable incidents: The work of improving the navigation from Montreal to Quebec by dredging a chamiel through Lake 8t. Peter, wascommenced by the Harbor Commissioners of Montreal in June, 1&51 : and on the ;trd of Novend)er of the same year, the ship Ci/y vf MumhsUr passed down, drawing 14 feet of water, wh^n the dejifli on the flats was 12 feet,— sliowingan increase of ;> leet, the dredged char.: el being then only 7-5 feet wide. On the Kith October, 1859, the ship Pride of Canada, loaded down to 18 feet 8 inches, was taken through, while there was adepth of 11 feet S inches, on the flats, show- ing an mcrease of 7 feet, the width of the channel having been increased to ;iOO feet. On the 16th of November, 1805, the ship Ocean was taken from Sore! (o Quebec, drawing 19 feet 8 inches there being at that time 10 feet inches on the flats ■ and on the 1st IJecendjer following a test trip waa made from Montreal to Sorel (in the absence of a suitable vessel) by lashing spars alongsidca steamer to the required depth of twenty feet, thus j)assing through the lake when there was a depth of J 1 feet, (the average point of low water) on the flats. The experiment was deemed 8atisfactory,-denionstrating that (lie resultofall thelabor since 1851 was an increased depthol' 9 feet, and that at low water there is a channel M feet deep from Montreal to the sea. A further deepening of the channel has been determined upon, so as to give a depth of 22 feet (and ultimately 21 feet or more) at low water, toadnntofthe largest-sized steamships coming up to the harbor with- out lighterage. THE IIARDOK. The existing wharfage accommodation measures 10- 140 Imeal feet, or more than three miles. There are 11,090 feet of wharf-room in 20 feet depth of water and 4,450 feet in 10 feet depth of water. In addition there are now under contract, jiart of which is com- Jilcted, 17,900 feet of new wharf at different j.oints from Mill street to Ilochelaga. of which more than one half 18 111 24 feet depth of water. THE W1IARVE.S. The wharves are surmounted by a massive cut-stone wall, along the height of which is a pleasant promenade 14 and wide street, nfTording a fine view of the river and its shipping. There are numeroii* iindined planes from the wharves by which carriages ascend to the street above ; and the whole, for appearance, commodiouBiiessand clean- liness, is unexcelled by any port on the continent. STEAMSHIPS. During the past year there were 02 steamships plying regularly between Montreal and ports in the United Kingdom, (besides transient sU^amers)— this port being only second to New York in point of importance. TUB ALLAN LINE OF STKAMSIIIPS. The storj' of the growth of the Allan Company is to a great extent identical with the history of the rise and progress of the Dominion of Canada. Its present posi- tion, in the first rank of Steamships lines, is an eloquent testimony, not only to the resources of Canada, but to the indomitable energy with which the fortunes of the Domi- nion have, in the face of all sorts of difliciilties, been built up, and with which they are now being guarded and encouraged. The present name, the "Montreal Ocean Steamship Company," was given to the firm in 1856. Prior to that time it was known, and is still more fami- liarly known, as the Allan Line. It has a long and honor- able pedigree, for the partners now coming in are of the third generation. More than half a century ago Alexan- der Allan, of CJIasgow, possessed a fleet of sailing ships trading between the Clyde and St. Lawrence, Montreal being then, as it is now, the Canadian head-quarters of the house. It will thus be seen that the Allan connexion with Canada is of a very old date, and that the Company which is now identified with the vigorous maturity of Canada's commerce, was, so to speak, present at its birth. For many years the trade was carried on by Mr. Alexan- der Allan, who was succeeded oy his sons, Mr. James Allan, Mr. Bryce Allan, and Mr. Alexander Allan, jr., who continued to run the sailing fleet from Glasgow to Jfontreal, and likewise established a service from Liver- pool to Montreal. In the meantime Mr. Hugh Allan [now Sir Hugh Allan], who came out to Montreal at an early age, became a member of the firm, with Mr. Andrew Allan constituting the five Allan brothers in whose name the operations of the Company have been conducted. Within the lust few years some younger members of the Allan family have been introduced. .As an instance of the vast develojimi'iit of the Canadian trade, it may be stated that, up to the year 1840, some seven or eight sail- ing shijis, of 300 to 400 tons, were sufficient to conduct all the trade that then existed Now, the Allan Com- pany alone possess 20 steamers and 15 sailing ships, with a gross tonnage of over 60,000 tons, the bulk of which is engaged in the Dominion trade. The gross tonnage cleared inwards and outwards at the ports of the Domin- ion, amounted last year to over 1-3 million tons. Fmm ANDREW p. ANDREWS, Manufacturer of all kinds of All orders punctually attended to. C BOURQUE, Jlixci Dealer irt all Kinds of BRUSHES All orders prompt- filled. Send for Price List. MONTREAL, P. Q. 16 ^//* iJ .f ■ WM. HAHHKR A BROTHERS -.I occupy about two l^Z^l^ZT''"'"' """*"'•' n.«.>t to about Hix.y ha„ L m f ' *'""» ""'''">- «."i » half ton, „, ;::;'; z 't'" "'" "'•"'" '"« I'ofl' built of .tone o.i Vl ^" '''" "'" **» '"i"", power tea „ :„•''., .r" " '"^^'""^ ""^ » «% ''""- firm have al»o a woo.l „u „ , Im ^, '^' ^'^'^"- '^'''« tl.e coinmoMcr kiiuk of T ^ ^ ' "mnufacturo of l>om,ni„„ an) Ontario !L '"''*"'' "''*'*^ '"> «'"' manufi.ture^cvc^K^oZr'-"'''*' 'T "^"""* '""^ They l,avu al«o a Wg ,.v,Z L?"' T'"" ^'^'"'■ Oeorgotow,, where ^allarS^.^lT'l''; '''" T"'-*" •"• colon are turned out. '^^'•*' '"^•"' ""d the year J8J0 to 1850 the HailiuR fleet of H am" ".creased according to the r^qui' "el" I'The o" ^ trade, which were attentively w,l , 1" ! ^""''.''"'" JPA two of whom hadalonipruct I o ^ '"""'■ having commanded their own tn 1 .''""""'' "''•'' therefore, perfectly acquah^l ^'''''''r""'^ •'^'"'S- tics of the commerce In t, f '7"*^ '""'""''■ acquaintance with life at «c«, the X-'r- '" ^'"'''"^ particularly fortunate for i / ,. . ^'"'"l'"''y are thingswhijh^houid^d!:: ;7/j'-.'"^'-" would not be obvious to .w.r.- '^,.\° ''"P*; which pericnce. One sing ar" St" of "^ "'ir"""'- "«mely,thatthem,5onyof t e , \ ''" ""'*•'' have grown up with k and h '' """ '" *''" '«"-^*<'« in the Company. ' ^ ''"'"' ^ '» "!•«'"', educated f;f!^^;i^cSi::^L;to:;'t::J7'•- r i Jt'thargy, and, inspired no doubt bv IT. " '"""»«"'«t« •"J to carry the mauI '" ""'"""" """•'n. »^-.';s::ndr:::j:;;r™-v'"'-'-^ Hryce Allan of Liver 1 ' "' "'""»""•' «'"' "r. ve«e|,. ''"' ''""'•' Po»-"'"g . sailing fle,t of 16 •hie fleet IfL :;.,:; ^T' '' "'" ^"""'''"' iron .te«„,.hip., upon tTe^cr 1 •^''"/^''^'' '"•'«"« to the AHan k^ Th .1! ''"'' ('"'"•'H-. wc* a.l.led /-««», each of uLuslr'^""/'"'""'''"' «"•' 'he hor«..power. tZ w 1 , r?7"'^"" ""'' •^-" ^"^0 "hurt tin.e, the in, Jrati 1 .. , ^.'"T"*-""' '""' «"«' » Which absorbed airti:': .^ ^t o" J" ^""T ^"' tlx'ir being employed in thZ. "'^/''^''^pool, led to tl'<'y conveyed a h r«.. 1 "^T ""^ *'""'"' °'' ^hich i«h from IWUmomh Jh" p'''^^'""'•■"-'•'''""t- I"thi.«„d,i,„i,^.«rvi:^'t "''' '^""' *'""-'"-• continuance of theTr 'war'T."'"^'''^'"''"'"* '"« '-<> been added to t,^";l^rert;: A /'' V"^'" *^'^^^ tracted with the Canadian nl "'« A"«« Company co„. -rviceof mail .teZ IfweeTSr ^ " 'f""*''*'^ •" ''-'"mn-erandLiverpooirdptrt. T' "".'^ ^""^''^ the navigation of the St Uw 1^2 ;^'*' '''« *"''-. the winter months Tl... r . » ""IWHsible in the mails undTr ntrl t wl ;rT''''''r ' ""- --ed The undoubtedi; II: "^a ro^rir «"~-t. and America is tha't of tl e a"L C t^ T" ^"^'"'"^ Moville to Quebec beiuK I 440 \ ' . *'"'*'"'•=" fr""' f-n Quee^stown to N^-J trJi "fi'if ' T'"'" *»•"* advantage of the short sea route J ...f .""''-"'• ^''"■'' "' point of tin>e t.ken in rea / .! "w "."?«" '"''* America, over the Grand t! 1* ^''*'"" ^'ates of way. The 4:.m i o7wir "^'^ '"'"""■"" "•"- this route „.ust be held to 1.™? ^T''^''"' *"•"''» emigrants leaving Ca^m,ia for h ir ^''V"''''''' ''''""^ thoHc calculations'the pi t.^l* „" ,^;1^'» f 'ates. J., are put dowi: as orijrinal e,„if / . ^*""'"'" ^"^'ateg ;'-y have simply rc' trcrth^rr''^^''^** to the United States. ^ Canadian route de^r;r:^,;::^?'«"*™<'e, and the great Alian, in the year ^9 ^dd'"' '"'"P'"*'' "''*"■ line, making a fleet Sht 1 '^.".^ "^^amen to their weekly maif .rvicl wal't;::;'"';';'''; which "- op to the present time, successte ' dJ^ i . "' f"^'"'^ made. The foUowinir L n„ additions have been vian, Nestorian, aLmL, PnTll ?'^""'' ^'^- ' ^"*^an, Scandinavian, Sar- to nccoiiiniodiito lid Ureal Jlrituiri, t tliii timr, wore ll««Kow, and Mr. wiling fl«.t of 16 ^ nlthoiigh they l>y the cuimidtT- r 185;}, two fine »1<', were added nadian anrf tlic tnd about aflo in Tgularly be- '«, but, after a > Crimean war, ^'"'•pool, led to o<>l>», of which iicu—th.) Urit- t>i" Jrnrw-iJIog. ?ed during the •>y od(J remin- Jre« of wliich, e of the Coin- 'ich time two ■^fifflo Sttxon, •onipany con- a fortnightly and Quebec n the winter, n[>o»sible in •inee carried Jovernment. «n England istance from while that lileg. This ontago al8o n States of iiadian mil- ?er8 taking l>le8 about Jfates. In ern States , wherecs dian route ' the great id Messrs. I to their ivhich the lilt period nvc been The Cor. m, Peru- an, Sar- WM BARBER & BROS., Paper Makers, GEORGETOWN, ONT. Manufacturers of Book, News and Colored Printing Papers. Special sizes made on short notice Envelope and Fine Papers. Tea Papers Manilla and Grey Wrappings, made to order in quantity. JAMES BARBER, _^___________^^^^^^^^^ PROPRIETOR. BEORfiETOWN ENVELOPE FACTORT, Makes every variety and size of Sold by the Stationery trade. Samples sent on application. FRED. WHITE, MANAGER, IT .ir !: . I «l i] ml I W. p. IbAHTLEY it CO. iUmn. W. V, ^Af iMiUi,. Cv.r until it r-mv liiruuhi'H ..fni.l..yiu«i,t lu ,/ ., *,> Ini.idif.l und (illy wen. The futory i« nituatrd ut ...««, 17 to 8!» Mill «trwt, Moiitri'iil, ii,.«r flu. foot (.f M.CJill Htr.Tt, niul coviTH over an am. of Kro.ni.l. Tli.. iiiudi ulion ,« o-i.. gtoroy l.iKh, hiiilt ot brick, oii.i lm<. a fivuUi^v of ni.H.ty fvH by a ,|,,,„|, „(• f„rty. -j,,,^ ,„oul.li.tK "lu'P in two Htori-yH high, fighfy (•,,,,, |,y f„r,y^ „|g„ ,,„i|, „,■ ,,^|^,,^ The boilur shop in iiiiu'ty fe..t by forty, th.. bimkmnitim' shop Hixty fiMt by thirty, ami th.-pattrni nhop (uriy fn't by twenty, all built of brick. M.^^iirH. Jlartley tun. out •onip of tho bi'sf work in thi. Dominion, an .i , ,ew .«• the increase of population, it will, oi ,i„ ,;... ,t',;,,-^ ^^i necessary to make further additions 3x> ;(« . .aei-voirt ; and doubtless any new project of that «ijv,; w, bv on a much larger soale than has hitherto been conteuiplated. The water is distributed to all parts of the city through nearly 120 miles of pipes. Besides tho public fire hydrants, several have been erected by private indivi- d.iaU, making rht *).oh- numlier (I4a. Water K.rvice it •uppHed to l(i,0S5dw.U,ng. having 95,240 water tenants. MUNICIPAL TELKOIUl'H. The I'hv, ■V»ter an.l I'.dice l>piirtiiients of tho City Ooverninent are tlicrougbly eonneited by Kennard & Vo.'a Fire Alarm and I'olice Telegraph, whieh was brought into operation on the liuh January, 1803. The Central I'olice Station in tbufiin cnnifunt communication with the other Ntations throughout thecity, and tho Chief could inmantly.oneentrate hisforres in ea«. of emergency. Hy thowiine agency tho Superihi.ndent of the Water Works can comniuiiicato with the attendanti at tho wheel-houMe, workshops, anil reservoirs. For facilitating the movement* of tha Piro Depart- ment, Montreal is divided into three districts. There are signalboxes placed throughout the city, at compara- tively short dinUmces apart ; an alarm [giving the number of the station] is sounded on a church-bell, in each district, on u gong in every Fire and Police Station throughout the city, generally within a minute from tho time whr.i tho intelligence was first communicated. The Fire IJrigado company, therefore, go almost direct to the place where a fire has occurred. The 042 firo-hydrants are located at from 300 to 600 yards apart, each capable of supply- ing two streams of water with the force of jet* from steam fire.eii;5i,„ h. Ten years' experience with tho firc- *l«rm telegraph Iwa givw. a mwm of security to tho public, that the occurrence of such conflagrations as have 111 tinioR past devastated large portion* of the city is rendered almoit imiKissible. The Central Fire Station \a situated at tho corner of Craig and Chenneville streets. It i* throe storey* in height, with a cut-stone front on the former, and 100 foot of brick and stone dressing on the latter street. Over the doors and window* are bold projecting mouldings, and a massive cornice runs along the eaves, from which rises in the middle u pediment which is decorated with the city arms and the words " Central Fire Statio^i" and sur- mounted withn flag staff-. The ground ,-m,- ,■ M,t.-.i„ , four compartiiicnts, the middle one being ui. -I, ■< , . sliding doors, in the foremost of these dl- i,. ,,„ '. reeU, hook and ladder waggon, steam engine, u,c., all con- venient for immediate acccsa to tho street. Down one aide of the back division stretche* a hose wajhing trough, fifly-one feet long, at one end of which is a hydrant for testing the strength of the hose, at tho other end of the trough IS a tower, fifty feet high, in which the hose is liung to dry after being w.whed and tested, near this tower are stalk for the horses ; on the same floor is a workshop, and a room for tho watchman to sit during tl H -light. The whole interior arrangements are of the most comfortable and convenient character. DRIVES. The Canadian carriage is kept with scrupulous neatness, « ST. LAWeENCE ENGINE WORKS, 17 t© m mil Street, O^aal mmia. 1», g, W, p. BART LEY cS: CO., PROPRIETORS, Engineers, Founders, ic, ic. HIGH PRESSURE ENGINES, Superior Horizontal Engines of all nizes ftlwaye on hand, or made to order on ihort notice. STEAFl BOILERS J Superior Muchine-Kivctted BoilurB, of al. sizes, olways on bond or made to ordo on short notice. Heavy ant] Light Forgings, Heavy and Light Castings in fion or Brass, WATER WHEELS. Manufacturers of all kinds of superior Water Wheels, The Bryant, Dominion and otli r superior makes. Manufacturers of the most improve. Dredging Machinery ; also. Steam Land i Kcavators, Pile Drivers, &c., &c. Saw Frumoi, EiIk. ri, Shingle .Mills, Slufling, with Patent Internal Clamp Coupling, Uungers and Tulle) 4o., &o. Improved Compound Beam and Screw Propcllurs. Knginoa of all eixca made to order. KRISTIN® ei^dttiiii. Otis Bros., of New York, celebrated Safety Hoisting Machines, and other first-clasa M chines. PUMPING APPARATUS, I't Cities, Towns, Piitilic Inatitntions, made to order. Girders, Iron Roofs, Columns, Railings, Window Sills, Stairplates, &c., &c. 19 BEECIIER BROTHERS. This enterprising firm commenced the manufacture of hot air furnucea in 18CS. The factory and office are Mtuated at No. 241 Dundaa street, London, Ontario. The building .8 of brick, two storeys in height, 20 x 60 feet. The first floor is U8e«n^„JC;: ;•;:7!^';''''■'''7■'^''••.l>-'- I ral]y number oveMOO IV. /''« ^■■"pluyees gene- received tlf l,,; d Zrir? ''''''■'""''' '"">' the only medal everT^ f '"''' """-' ^'''"■'' "'"' at a Provin .1 V '. ' ' '" ""^ "''^"" '""'"'factunT •b. b..,"; i;;!;;" '"" """' '"■" •-" «»»«-« »..d«..L t. ,1;''" r"""'""™ '•'«■' >"'' "">'■" "4 ":^:*,,:~:;;rt;.., ''"«""'■;" and thiouifl, tlie i„tri,..„,. , ' ' ""' ''"l'i<'« •'o~tein.a;;;s::;;i:;;;;;-;-''^-^ roct'Si"/'""''''" ""•' ■""" «"''- away from these -r.thatone.,jnJ::;, -■—;;;;;:'.;:::: rllli?' m' ?'" """' '"" '" '"«^' ""'^ *'"' I'oat ■•« driven so !'' ' ;; °"^'<;;"'' -l- a .ock ..nU slnver he o «t<.nis. Aithongh tlu- ,.„ss,,ge of tlie nipi.ls ,,, nrs t.. be THE VICTORLV I5RIDQE. The Viworin liridg.., (hnilt un.Ier the s.iperintendence .el. ,r„..d Robert Stephenson) th'e long.. „, .1 .4.i.ron Is ' ""''.'^°"«'-^.^«"''a -'i-of iron tub.s 1. ,f o] ;, T J"""' "■'"' " •'■''f'""* l'etw..en each shore Ron ft . , , ^*' "'"' *''at »•' the South '^'l; •"■ "•""•'3' a .nile an.l three .ju.rters. *" * i lie cost of this gigantic structure was $C> -inn nnn ^: h,::t;::r '--'•— -sr:^ whi?h [i'rZ "'■*' ""^.''™.--""- of the tube through hTu, ] ''"''•"'•' '" '''« '"i'WIe span, 22 feet "gh, 10 feet wxle ; at the extreme end, 19 feet h d, ir foet «.,.lo. The height above sun.mer w„t 'r S t ! ;;Cdt:r::i-:t2r:rit£'^^^^^ "om the prop..r officer, thus insuring exempt on^Z -lhs.on or accident, the pas.,ge occupies' IZ.t n.m.tes, though seeming nn.eh longer to'the p. g " as t ,s somewhat che..rless. The river bene.tl. ,1 bn. Ige has a swift current an.l the piers a ca c a d ' -hstand immense pressure ,rom'..esc:;5i::^mt:::S NELSON'S MONUMENT. Tra !"« T ' r*"' '" "" '"•""°^>- "f the hero of r afalgar, stands m Jacqu..s Cartier square. The fonn- 'I"t'o.. stone was laid ..n the 17rh August, 1S08 T J ;;;;';;'-.t.builtoflin...st..ne,andtl!lo;nameL re ' a .-.ni-mon nuente.l by Coade an.l S....ly of London I-g., an. „vre execut.-i by them. The hase is s~ « X and a half .M.t broad o u.h si.l.,, and ab.,ut fiS he Done .u-,l..r, and finish,..! with mouldings. („ , e 2 o t o pdlar is a s.puue tablet, the wi.le'surmo:, .'d With a statue of Nelson eight feet in height. The like n..ss ,s w,.ll preserved an.i the attitu.le ju.ltiously ch..sen He ,s dressed in full unilbnn, an.l .Worated with >ns.gnn. of the various or.l.-rs of nobili.y conferred , out is driven so 1 sliiver lier to « iiIilK'firs to be ■itcmoiit takes perintondence longest and as the tubular of iron tubes between ench which is 330 nbutnients is "he bridge is • one on the on tlie South including the l>ridge, 9084 «(),300,000. 3,000 tons of ube tlirough 'pan, 22 (eet 'ft high, llG level in the r end at the vas laid on )mpleted in ^I'o train is iten permit | ption from about six passenger, sneath the leu luted to J masses of he hero of The foun- i08. The nents are r Lond(,n, is 8(|uare, It 10 feet I' coltinm It is of On I he niounied fho like- f chosen, ivith the ed upon BUY NONE B\yT^^^' BEUJ' PRIZE lEDAL QMM, ^ Til© IQest is tlx© 01io€tp>©st. As to the Quality of our Instruments, we will merely say that, besides getting all, or nearly all, the First Prizes at every Provincial Exhibition fiom 1868 to 1874, when Prizes were discontinued, we received the only Du'LOilA GIVEN DURING NINE YEARS, and Tic only Kedal 8v«r Awarded and have to any Organ Manufacturer at a Provincial P-iXhibition. These Kxhibitions were open to the world, and several leading American Firms have competed been unsuccessful. obnsod tl,c »l« risht for tlio D„miuio„ of cZda!" ' "' '''"" "''""' "" ''"" f" By means of these tubes the tone of the reed is endered smooth and pipe- like, while at the same time the volume and |iowcr of tone is nearly doubled. For Churches :ind Halls, where the thin i|Mality of Keed Organs has been found insufli- cient, these Instruments will be found to e((ual a Pipe Organ of double the exi)ense ; and, for the diawina-room or parlor, tiie smooth, II u t e - 1 i k e (|iiality of tone will make them the Instruments long looked for. US-Evcry ln8lruu.ent luUy wahkani'ed for five ye.vhs, and satisfaction guaranteed. J'br ILUistrated Catalogue Address <^BE]LPie5 €iiiim»i,. S8 ONTARIO VINEGAR WORKS. The Ontario Vinegar Worlis at Hamilton wero estab- lished by B.rely & Co, in 1867. Tlie factory and office 18 situated on James street, Hamilton. Tliis is the largest vinegar works in Ontario, en.ploying a large number of men. A visit to tl.is cstublishraent would convince any one that their business connections are exten ive as we have seen barrels of vinegar marked ready for shipment to numerous towns from St. Johns, to Mani- toba, Pnnce Edward Island, and otherplaces too numer- ous to mention. him. The principal ornan^ents are in panels on the four sides of the base or pedestal, and are emblematical of the principal events in the professional life of the hero On the west side, there is on the i)liuth of the base, a figure of a crocodile, emblematical of the battle of the Nile Ou the panel on this side, are cannon, anchors, and other naval trophies, with a laurel wreath, which sur- rounds the following inscription : " In MiMony or— THB EIGHT HONOEABLB^VI^rE^ADMIRAL LORD VISCOUNT ddh of BaoxTi Wbo UnniB...d hi, c«.er of Nav«I glory in th. m.mor.U, Battle of Trafalgar, On tha 21it October, I80S, After Inculcating by aignnl, thii •entiment, NeTer to be forgotten bv liit Country: "England expectierrry man will do bia doty" Thii monumental column wa« erected by the Inhabitantj of Monlnjal, In the year 1808." The east panel contains a representation of the inter- view between Lord Nelson and the Prince Royal of Denmark on the lauding of the former after the eL.e- ment off Copenhagen. The inscription reads • "The Right Honorable Vice Admiral Lord Viseount N,L„ n v , Bronte, after baring, on t.e 2nd April, miXiiZltoZ ^ ' two Bhip. of 50 gun,, taken and de tro .d ,1 e Dani h 1 „e ™„1 iT '?" defence of Copenhagen, c„„.i.Un« „f L sai of ,h i n. L "h rba." tene., supported by the Crown an.i ollmr bntterie, dil'uV.H ! T ci.io. and fortitude in .he .ub.e,ueut -go.iati^n. 'n ' ^f.^Zu w'Th the D.n,,h Oorernnient J whereby the efluaion of human broJwr,^p;,^d »od the clajmj of hi> country establishe J." spared, of ?he KM "°'*>wt 1u" •"""' '^ ■■''P'-««»'t«d the battle of the Nile, with the following inscription : "On the flntand lecond daysof Auiruat. iTos n... «j ■ ■ „. _ Nelaon, with a Briti.h fleet of 12 sail of thVline I^d .^ " t'.^"""" defeated in Aboukir bay, a French fleet of i Il.i , u f "' '*" «"'"' Frigat... without the lo.'.'of a British .h'p'' "' "" ""'' "' """ The south side commemorates the battle of Trafulifar and also bears the following inscription: ' " On the 21.t October, 1805, the British fleet of twenly..evon .ail of ,h. line, commanded by the Right Hon. Viscount Neleon 1^,1. „f r . attacked off Trafalgar the combined H.ctB of Francel'd s„a „ 0,^^. ' three .ail of the line, commanded by Admiral. Vinen„?!„rtn '' when the latur were defeated, witl/tbe lo.. oflfeTe;! "omJ 'I'in".' captu.-ed or dcroyed. In thi. memorable action, hi. c"un°rT h« ?o lament th. loM of her gro.te.t naval hen,, but not a .ingle , hip'' The monument was surrounded by a rough iron railing, the whole being enclosed within a chain, which was sup- ported by eight piece, of cannon furnished by Sir George Drummond, then commander of the forces in 0^^ The cost was ^£1,300 stg. PUBLIC SQUARES AND GARDENS. The principal one, known as Viger Square or garden .. situated on Craig and St Denis^treel. It cSS hree fountains, the largest one being in the cent^^ Z quare. Close by thi. fountain is a neat conservatory tor the propagation of flowering roots, 4c., for th^ decoration of this, and other city squares. The ground! are Lautiftilly laid out, and the utmost care anS discrimination has been displayed in the choice of See. and shrubs, which are plentifuUy cultivated. VICTOBIA 8QUARX. At the head of McGiU street, is neatly laid out, the cent e being occupied by a large fountain' Being om- par ively a new square, the tree, are yet butLall. brlni. "' *''" '^"'"■^ '^ ^''''' *"« beautiful STATnE or HEB MAJESTT (JUEEN VICTOBIA. wIh' T'' "^ "■* " ^'""^ *^' ''*"'^'° «f Mr. Marshall M ood, and was presented to the city by H.E. the Gover- nor.General, on the 21st November, 1872. The cost of i e ^ftuewa, about 83,000,-together with the pedes- tal, the latter the gift of the Corporation Besides the above, the city pom-sses several smaller squares such as Richmond square at the extreme em lo S . Antoine street, Phillips square between St. Catha- rine and Dorchester streets, Custom House square between St. Paul and Commissioners streets , Jacquel Carter square, between Notre Dame street and the ri!er ' and Place dArmes square between St. James and Notre Di n e streets, and immediately opposite the cathed.ulof ^ot.e Dame All the*, form pleasant resorts in the stiinnier months, and afford pleasing recoUection. of the country to the paswrs-by. CHAMP DE MARS, This spot, now the property of the Dominion Govern- ■nent, was formerly held by the Imperial Government J usedby them asaparade, or drill ground, forthei 01 the troops. It i. 240 yards long by 120 wide and i. perfecly level. On the embankLnt nexT to' Not.: Dame street a range of stairs extends along the wS ength the parade, for the accommodation of ciC . uring the public reviews, &c. Along the upper part o the Stan, IS a broad terrace which servesas an agrleabL MOUNT BOTAL PARK. The City has recently acquired a large propertv on the slope of the Mountain, fur the use of Uie'citS. a! BIRELY & Co •9 ONTARIO. VINEGAR WORKS AND METHYLATED SPIRITS A SPECIALTY. IlA.J[£ILTON, ONT^CUIO. 25 VICTORIA FOUNDKY. awarded contracts for watcJwiri, '" '"" *"''" the Ottawa Water Works v^i k '"""'"'' "''' ^"^ t..at it u a credit to £:;:^';^n^z;7T'S etp ThL fi '"F™veu engines for print nir offices a public park, which, for beautvand varu.t„ 7~Z sibility to the City, for size and f .'''■'"^' '^'•'^''acces. colored glaM. The altar window is of th a>'d elegant descrinhnn t? T ^^ '""" '=''««'« t'.e winLws Mhlrd'f J'sr"''' r""'"'^* »'"' Rl«Hs. The Dews rr I "'" "'*" "f P'^'-'ted wifhoutrors^ i,.!l '.'''"\'^'''^' "^'^^d ends .nd finely canned Th !l * "■' T** "'''" "^ "'« <=•'<"•■ "e Choc;. je:c:Lr;or:f :;;, i' -;'---tic «.., one side of the aK TJ^lt^Z'T '"'. exquisite workmanship. Three Up I *^' "'^ polished stone column^ snZoH T """"P""' "" sides are busts of thT n " . *''" ""»'"' "' either the diocese Ov«r the ?r"' ""^ '' *''« '«'« ^-'-P of '""•"inated. 'MJ .„ Z " " ^7"' "'"^ '''" '«"-'- Holiness." The firtl'. vT'' '" ""'^ ''^""'y "^ -ing, e,ecn;:d'rE ;a r'Tler''"^","' '^°"^ London, and the clock Zh. 11 '"^«;""'' ''X «'" of manufacture. ''*'"'' "'" "''" of English drXlf^:t„:.';:"':7-^-\ '"-'one. With Nor.«?dy. £;'n;zr;re?:rs?etr- "''•''' *- "•beautifully carved. The cost ^fi •n'"""'"''' about ^40,000 sterling." "'" ''"''''"'« ^"o ST. OEOROE'S CHURCH, (EWSCOPAL) CHURCHES. CHRIST CHURCH CATHEDRAL. (EPISCOPAL.) of Salisbury, England 1 It ,;„/;;, J ' f'^^''""-'-'y consists of I' nave ::^^ais ,f,t7l" "™.""" "'"' wide, t ansepts 100 feet aril^JZ;;: ^^l w.de; tower 29 feet square; and choir iZZ\ S8 feet wide, with aisles for organ ^.i^r'""^ "'"' winch is entirely of stone, rises' to a g " „r 227^:' juih^ confining the c,i::z:'^j:;rr the"s:r'c5^7;s:L':;:t"r"^p--'^ four evangelists The en! o 1 ,' '■!'P.'-"«"""'"« '»'« illuminat'l in blue a d .rfni lon"a;^": ""''."r"':"^ golden stars. The wheel wi v'o:l'st't , """ of the Sows in th. 7^"'. '"'"P'"''*' *''« ^"^ole windows in the clerestory of the choir are in Is a very beautiful edifice sif....f„i Windsor and Osborne ste^ J T °" /•>« f"^"*"- of building is Montreal sLnnl material of the for the^cor: ^It'^'Etttr''''^'?'''' "''■''« -'' -> weU as tasteful,Cul alT^ ''"" '" '« -"'' to endure as well a; to delight <"•"'"""■' ^al, made '^^-ear^tb;r^i-rs:-r''-^'' transepts add greaSvtotr ^' .•'""•"«''o™- and the and varnished,T lo'ft? an"^""^ ^' ''''« '"'"'f' "'ained -ajesty to the 'jj^'lj^ "^ 2 "'^ r ""^""'^ though not very deep ^ ''« ^''a-'cel is spacious, cha:ctr'"';:''::-''-''-w'".iows,i„the -inory' of the la ^ S^^,:: '^^''^r '" ^''^ the "Sermon on the Mou J" n L " '".^•'!^'=' •"" '' " ford arms, quartered win hI"^ '''''"'" ^"'- Montreai. J'he ne lb! -'T "^ ""^ '^'"cese of dedicated to t ir,?!" ; v;;;:^^ ""/^ "«"' « Moffatt. These wh^ lowl • k "^" """• ««orge matchanythin;tor::;^:M!;s"^--^--^'r. the worl "Ho ly o ; hoi" .""'.' "' "" "''"^'"' "« ty," and oVer"t;l!'cS':.trr/;::! «"" ^.";">'" «PiritandIwiUsingwith'l;„^rji;f^^^ the most cliMto i windows and also of painted wved ends and >f the choir arn encaustic tilt-s, is ill green. On the clergy, of canopies, on '"ts; at either lute Bishop of iiid tlie letters, the beauty of men of stone 11 is by Hill of o of English lestonc, with rom Caen in therine street luilding was :ho corner of Brial of the being used t it is solid ental, made d beautiful, :, with the ig in their > a church nt. d with the t and the of, stained venerable spacious, 's ; in the 3 to the 't of it is the Ful- 'iocese of right is George nanship, out the being a r of red, irch are Uniigh- 'ith the ," and VICT ORIA FOU NDRY. eiTEMSteM Q>W THE W@MS. Mill-Owners, Machinists and the Public Generally, That thoy have reoenlly EXTENDED THEIR FOUNDRY AND WORKSHOPS, And added to their Machinery and Tools, «ome of the largest /RO/V PLANERS AND TURNING LATHES, To be found in any similar establishment in the Dominion, as well ai % Powerful Steam Hammer i Bolt Heading Machine. They are Prepared to Furnish STEili ENSINES Alii SOILERS, Of all siiea and description! : likewiio Factory, Grist and Saw Mill Machinery, For which they h.ive an almost unrivalled stock of modern and improved patterns. They are now making preparation, for th. Manuf«>. turo of, and soon will be in a position to supply the mirket with, Comprising three siics of the celebrated Gordon, Washington & Wharfdale Machines, 8HIN8LE MACHINES AND SHINGLE JOINTERS, LecLtKer Sjilittevs, Knife Grtndars, Hydraxdic Pixrrvps, Steam Pumps on the " Cameron" and " Blake" Principles, Together with all kinds Pumping Machinery for Cities, Towns and Villages, and Iron Bridges, for which Plan, and Specification. can be furnished, ™nt l!!'w»r„^'"'!Jl''* '•'^ Manufacture the Lamb, Tyler & Leffcl WATER WHEELS, with latest improrement. on the latter to ore vent leakage, and (urnish on short notice. Brass and Iron Castings of all descriptions. ' ^ BUIIJ)EH8' CASTIMQS A SPECIALTY. N. S. BLASDELL & CO., Victoria Foundry and Machine Shops. OH^A-TTT^TITlTa ITS *-^rrirrt i ill I tf 4 ; i !"■«! 27 J. R. BOOTH. Canada, Jhe^ U „ p:^It ;::-'"";' P"'-" I" »tate fom, our stap£ Cutrv ' .t ?"' ",' '''"'' ^''"«'' kind* enter, ,o larLy ^ Z'^ r ''''■'' ^""'^' "^o" "■e tide of "Luf„ berTri-r- ^^i^ T"''"'"^'"' applied to someof U.e mo t di«^ • "^ ■ '""^'"^ ^^ a.;^ among^t ti.i, CaJ .r rt "Sr'^ R^rM'^"^ Ottawa, one of the lflrpIo^.ent to about o„ei?T"' '""'''"" dred teams during U wi. t ":."; T"' ""' '■""^ '"'"■ men and fifty teaml,]! ' ■ "'""" ^"^ ''""dml Themili^are^Wwit. t;!!"'""'^'^' «' "'" '"'"- -WW'S : three Kan«8 ZL i i '*'' ^"'"« "'"^ '^^'"'"'"^ gang, couta'SCtr 2- ' "'^' ' '"" *'""" ing thirty-six sawa oZu '""V""'''"'' «''"-■> eo"tain- ti'nher, and alZ .'.umbe T """f''' '"^ '"' '^''-''-°" edging! Thei:rr:xreda;;z'"-^ HlyexportedtotheUnitedS^!;;-.;-^-'"-^ if ihfS/'*' '""''"'* -^-'^y >" you. heart, to the ta^J^i^'Tlrtirr:' tr" '^"^^"'""- -« -y deep. The le TK:: f' "f '" ^'"•«''' ''^ ^^ 'ei f and choir to Itl^^t^ol ^-^IV '"^'=''""- dants-are of singuJarJv beauf if,!f ?' " «*" •"-'"- TBfMITY CHURCH, (BPISCOPAI.) architecture, " d is b . {• ^"*'''" """"'' «'^'" °f The building Tm fr. • '; '''^ "^ ''"""•""^ «t<"'e. including thftCLl;:^^^^ f^/" I" ''-<^"'' and spire, 1C8 feet TLn; ^"^""•''g''t of tower The other V , ""■•''' ^''" *-'at 1250. s'M:^",i!rr «''?'■•'*; <-« St. Thomas-, o„ Luke's. r>Zr\ *"''P''«"«.' Dalhousie street St i^-uKes, Dorchester street, Church of Sf t ' . Apostle, St. Catherine street cr.,.^' ""'"* "'" Evanirelist n«, i ^ ' ^""'^ch of St. John the ^^^angel^t, Dorchester street, St Mary's church, Hoche! KNOX'8 CIlUKCir, (PKKNUVTEHMK.) l^eL'ilir'ser'uLiriTr' '■"'■ P'"''--"™hipin Gothic„re;itectuV „: li;:'^ ^^"^'i^l ^'^'e of and pulpit recess T . ""^" ""'' *"'« «'«'««, ■»")■ ti,. xr . rr M "«'" '"""■ "''«'■ '^ ."y ..if '»d *z, jx«: ir "■' r- "- plastered, and the roof jP^""'"*- ^''e filings are them int; pi''. Te * T '^'™'"' *"'"'" "^'^i''" ;-..eo^Kr:r=:!;:;^^^^^ wi3:rsZJZ5:fr.;;s«ri'''"''^^ ''""-' the rose window over TJ ""^ •^"^'i'-«"t eompartments ; with stained gi3tr;f «""7' ;««"«dentirei; beautiful efleft The :J T""^ colors, produces a ranged on a ciLlIr .£.::; l^rV"'' ^ - accommodation for aC ' S ! ^ ^ ? r'^' ^^^ built of Montreal stnn.,. m ■ P'"^*""*- ^he church is co«r,esof „1 ; C7s ,;: T ""' '" '""^'' «^- irm *c., being dZ^^^;"TV''''''|""'"''''''''''8«'^'''''''«r- Of «in.ila; stonVSy'poH he" r; '" """' "" the same effect L itbUTaS. ''"""« "'^^ ""'^'^ «T. «.BR,Bt, STREET CHCHCU. (P«B8UrTE«UN ) persons ?t ha tilir:;' r'?? ""'' "'■" -"*^^» -id to be theZtroLtTbeirr' rf"" » '^"' -»MEniCAN PHESBYTEHUN CHDHOH. DOkOHMT«R ITUIT ST. ANDREWS. (CHURCH OF SCOTLAND.) BUTm HILL Hilt. Built in ISflO, opened for public worship J„ j«„„„^ 1S5J. It 18 somewhat after the strip „f »!. .""""T' Salisbury Cati.edral. The building^o Mo ^e^ r'*^' with a tower and spire ISO feet in'S.eight "^ ''"""' I'i orior .limensions, about 90 feet by 65 feet Wn. . about 1,000 persons. VVasdestroyed by^fil in ISGrir budt according to the original plan. ^'^"* '"■ ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, (PBESBYTERIAN) Is aituatod on the corner Of Dorchester and St. Genevieve AN.) iiblic womhip in 'English style of I! ami side aisles, ice is through a u eiitriiiiceg giv- "t. The nave, «M, which also iiade to project ving their usu- ceilings are w as to divide pulpit recess is board for the iitfonn, having arked in blacli liopcr pattern, Jiiipwrtinents ; i filled entirely rs, produces a i floor are or- illeries, afford "lie church is 8 small, even 'ig», weather- he porch are S very much ■EBIAN.) i- It is CO 'ill seat 750 tains a bell, in Canada. on account 1 church in the width 'ith a spire ,200. ) 1 January, celebrated ■eal stone Will seat 69,but re- lenevieve J. R. BOOTH 9 ©ff^W^ ^^^xx\xi&.GfvLir&jr or a,ll Jx^lxxCLm PINE SAWED or A LARGE STOCK OF LUMBER, ALWAYS^ KIi:i>T OJX llAIVO. fl; ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED. 2d I r-flAKLKS IluECKirs HRL'SFI kactorv. TI,o br...h f,...t„ry of Mr. Chi.rl.., Borrkh i..i,„at. t N"". ^l- ami ., York nfr.rf, Tor„„.o, o,.,,o,it« ♦lu.It.,Hi„ JI.H.s.. It ,H » iuhstuntiul fi>„r.Htorf.v l.ri.k l.Mil.linB, with ft fronfn.tt.. of 4s f,.,.t nnd h ,I..pth of I :>.', f,.,.t The factory NvaH,.Mtal,liHl,..,l h. is.'.s, j, h,.. only om- of tl... kin.l '" loroMto, ,u„l fl,.. |„rg,.s, ,„ fi,,, |)„,„ii,i„„, ^ivi„„ ,.,„. r ...vmrnf ooM.tao.ly ... fro,,. ,l,irty.(ivo N. forty Iw.m.Ih III.- ta.fory is w,.|l (MrniHl,,..! with Ih,- „ewo8t un.l bet nwH„M..H for th.. i,.nM,.fm.|.,n. of all kiu.JH of bn..hp. aii.l Iho inotiN,. ,,oNv,T iN M,,.,.li..,| l.v „ fi,U.,.„ hor.,'. power (Mijjiiii'. ONTAKIOM.T WOIilvS. TiM. Ootario N„t Works were r.,tal,li«h..,l i„ 187:) at P"-iH,<)Mt. l.yM,..sr.. Jlrowo & Co., n,an„(iK.,„r..rs of "il"'"-'' nii.l h,..xaj.N CHUIU'll, (CONORKIIATIONAI.) Is H.tm,t...| on Il,.av,.r Hall Hill. Was built in ,s,0. «o tbeDonconlerof ar,.ihi.e..tur,., a,..| wills..,., .,,,o,. . .p.~ In,s,;..„„.„^ -oof ami tower wre »-.• m ,I..p.l.. Tl„. front „,„, ^....r win.low are '"''"••"■<• "-'ft' SfH„„.,| „!,..,, ,)„,.,, („„.;„,,..,, nnd nM.„oes.(.„st of the,. bn„.h about r,O.OOO.VV i nc,.o,ii,no(lateid,o.,t looo. FRENCH ByANOKUCAI. ( III u, n. Is situaf...l on the corner of Craig and Elizabeth «tr..ets I and ,s umler the ,lirection of the French Canadian M ': ' somiry Society. It is ,. ban.lson. • -tone e.lifiee, of, Gotb.c order. Will seat about th^ huudre.l pelnl! FRFNCII PROTESTANT CHUIICH On Oorchester stieet, near St Urbain, is a plain, neat bnck budding in Oothi... style. Will seat ;iOO. CHURCH OF TIIK .MESSIAH, (UNITARIAN) Is Situated on Heaver Hall Hill. The style of nrchi rz;,!.'"'^ '■ — ■..^.'. i. *l; ST. JOHN'S CHURCH, (f.ERMAN PROTE.STANT,) O.i^St^ Dominique street, was erected in IS-W. Cost "New Jerusalem Church," (Swedenborgian) Is situated on Dorchester street, coi-nor of Hanover . .'iVNAfioOUES. The city contains two, one situated on Chenneyille s reet, oc.„p,e,l by the English-speaking Jews, a.u tie Jews. I he fonner are ministered to by Rev A De S„l7 LL.D Professor of Hebrew, McGill Coll ge," and £ latter by Rev. Mr. Cohen. ^ ' "'* PARISH CHURCH OF VILLA MARIE, (r. c.) CATRjiDBAt OF NOTBB DAME, Th., first ecclesiastics who visited the western world from Europe were two Jesuits, who were stationed as Missionaries at Port Royal in Acadia, now Nova Sco Lr STEAM BRUSH WORKS, 82 and 84 YORK STBEET, TORONTO. yi xJA:){SL^^ 1^ Manufacturkr of Superior special iittoiitioii paid to f'or Carriage Works, Piano and Cabinet Manufacturers. Brushes of every description and best Workmanship, always on hand. ONTARIO NUT WORKS, PARIS, ONTARIO. BROWN &. CO., MANUHACTURURS OF SQUA8E ANB flEMA€ON HOT PRESSED NUTS. DAVID BROWN. •JOHN ALLAN. '« Jl 'M .^i ■'fi n»0( KVILLE NOVEI.TV WollKS. Tl.r ,,l„a«,nf t...... „f Hr.,ckvill.., Oi.t, Im. th., honor "'. I"'"«"«»""( '"le ..r ,lu. I Ii„„ iM.luHlri.-. of tli« Do- '"'•MO,. ,„ tlu. ..Nov.ltj" work, of Mr. J,.,,,.. .S„„.rt lu.H.. work. wtM.. ...iHl.li.luHl in Jsr,7. Tl,.. work- ar.. t ... I«r«.«t o. ,1, ,r kin.l in rh. Don.inion. ami thnr KOO.U «r« w..U,|y d..tril,ur«.l ov«r .1,.. Continent. Tl.i. l.n.Mcl. of ,n,lu,.ry givm. con-tant mni.loy.n.nt to ol.o.it 'Mi- .mu rcl a,.,l .ev,M.,y.(lvo n,..„,«n.l rnrn.ont «r"t<.cti icMudiug to the nsage o( the Kotnnn (,'atl,.,lio Clnnvl,, ,1,.. City was con- t',;'' '"'! "''" •"•'•"'"" ••'■'•"ived tl... „pp..|lation of V,ll« .Alan... Ah the inhabitants increase.! in nnmb.-r, the .hurel, "v..n ,n ,ts enlarg..,l staf. I,....a„,e to., su.all, „,„| ,h.'. hurch of Honseconrs was e,vc,..,l for ,|„.ir a.ro.nn.o.la- tion II,.. cty continuing ,0 prospc- ,.sp..cially after the Colony b.,oan.e llritish, further a.^c.nuuo.hui.m was noejie. , «,nl ,n the year IS04 the prose,,, ,nag„ifi..,.„t .».hedr.il was con„n..nc..d. („, the thini of Septmnher becor,,er.s .u,e w. I; a,„I i, wa,,ofi.r complet..,! „s toa.hn,t of b..,ng .,p.,,..,| ,„, ,,„,,|i,, „,,„.^|,||, ,,,^ J,^^ ^^^^^ I. , ..'-n'"?' "'"■" ''•''''' """"' """ P'Tforme,! by the ibsho,. o lehness.. an,l an oration ,leliv..,-.,| hy theK..v. M,. i...bec,.,.,,;ar..d w,th ,t ,n pla,n and si,npleg,andour. Tl,e length of the .hurch f,-om east to west is -m fe.-, '''><-b-,a.,d,tsbrea,lthlVom,,.uthto.s.,,.th, ,.Ufe..t, nehes. The height of ,1,., (lank is ,i, f.,., ,,„, 't , ,' 'I"fflM,g .,( the ter,ace to ,l,e ...vos. The towers ,' Z l-nnctpal or west front a,e Sao fivt high. The soac.i be ween them is 7.^ (eot by ,o„ fu h?,g|.,, ,,„ . , with an embattled parapet. 'i-ouni.l «...e oft..,, thousand persons, ,l,e nu.uber ior which i, is je|.Kmayaas....,,dea..l.,ispor.i,,„,,^ J:: without d, aR,-eeable prossnre. The easten, window at "; l"gl. a tar is 04 f..et in height, an.l ,2 in breadt! V- 1."' 'iirr'n'-^ "'""•* '■""' '■' <-"l-t.nents and ut '^ '. <>li'lllliitv liiiiiiiiKdntor, •lii'H, mill iip- 'V it It rlinit(! Iiii- nicliitco- l>iiil(liiij(H, it iliH'licit ; mill lit' coiiijiart'il It Im 86.5 fcct 1, |-i4fi!.'t(i ft (ioin till! worn on tilt! Till! KJIIU'I! Ii I'IOWIUmI JAMES SMART, NOVELTY WORKS, BROCKVILLE, ONT., Manufacturer of the Celebrated SHINING llfiHT AND AB6AN0 COAL HEATING STOVBS, The " Argand" Cooking Range, Mnnsur.I, Olive Draiiel., Suceesa, Triumph. Smart's Cnolc, Col,niil>ia ami olhor lirst.elas.s AND HOLLOW WARE. Also a large Assortment of Builders, Cabinet IVIakers and General Hardware, Carriage Bands and other Brass Goods, Wagon Skeins, Sad Irons, Morticing and Boring Machines, Paint Mills, Blacksmiths Drills, Fire Benders and Upsetters, Iron Cutters, Warehouse Trucks, &c , &c. Illustrated Catalogue and Pnce List, Tenns &c„ furnished an application. 88 'IVon.Jn. uwksoCMr. (I.w.., Uninl,, i , to W o- of ,1.0 oW..t .aN.Pg..M„ad,in.. .sl.,,,s i„ M:,r.'.l occui^yy ..V..,- two „„.l a l,.ir.nvs o(«.o,„mI, .,u| Hvl ",« '■'"I'loyn,,.,,! to .nor.. ,|„,„ one hnn.lml inen. Th.. bu.l.l,M«.,.a.or«,onoan.l brick, two .tor.ys |,i„|. „,„, a-..c.oMst.uotoHtl,atoa.Ou,.p.„.on.iJ,..,^^^^ r "'' ""':■'"'"' -^''"l'' I'"""'" '■""",, .noulllin. ooM, unixs foiiiK ly, etc. 'Ph.. " I-' „,1,." ■ . ' Vmitors are aJn.ittcd to tl,e towc.. on i.ay.noi.t of u «,oall CllUHLIl ol- nil.; oESlt. Jhc cl„„vl, of ,1,0 Ges„, «ituat..,l on lilenry sUe.t, i.s, I" tl...' opinion of many, tho most boauliful .hnr.l. .diico "" ^'f- ^''■^'•'■I'-t'onjr, an,|..Owi.l..,butat lie. .a.,...,,t ,1.0 transv..r.sal ..avo j. J li feot long. Tl.. lifi.dif oftliotwonav.vsi^ 75 (eet. Tl... (i..su forms a ,M.,i;vt cr,„s. 'ri.e hoa,! of ,1,.. n-o.s forn.oc bj- t .0 .sancnary. Tl.o i,.,..nor U llv^conl in l.« most eluhorate manner, (.v.r the high ,lt„r U, |-aut,„ul ,,-e..,.u r..,nv...,uing ,|„ ..nu,ilixion of our LoyA. 'S ..'I- Ml. ,l,e ..n.„v-,,..i..e isa scone Iro... ,l,e Aj-ocalyMse. O. .he eeihng of Ihe sanctuary the .shephenls are slen ii'lonng the new-born Saviour Against ,l,e four large colun.,.s which sn.mm-t the ceil- |Mg in te centre of ,he cross, are statues .of the .on. I ^ang-hsls, beani.g lusfvs with .seven branches. Near ""• p;'l|..t,s St. .Ma.-k with u lion; a, the opposite CO,- nvv Of the sanctuaiy, St. Matl.ew with an o.x; al ,l.e low- orcorneron the pulpit si,le, «,. Luke wi,h a child, an.l o|.,.os,te, St. .,ohn wi.h a, gle; in the lower pi"; <- the cross over the organ loft, is the Virgin nursing the 'I'v.ne ch.M, whilst angels ro.md about are dis<:ou.tiu. '"usic on various stringed instruments. Under the or.^an loft and 01. the ceiling of the lower «allerv is .seen °l.e their '"'''';.''"'''' >'''"^"""-'-P. Besides I.ese tl...ie are frescoes, .vpresenting the raising of Laza.nsbo,M the dead ; the goo.l (alher receiving back MS prodigal .son ; the good .she,.herd bringing back on his slmulders the lost sheep; the holy f,i,nlv at work, and "any others. The.v are also in the church .several ve.-y bne pa,nting.s The chu.vh of the Ciesu is attached tL ht. Maiys college, and bod, belong to the Jesuit Fathers ST- I'A I hick's tllllUII. (H f.) Thisd.m^h, whid, will seat .0„U people, stands upon ." elevated s„e on Alevander s„ve,. The style of archi- tectuie ,stl,e,i,„hic of the/i(tee,„l. ce„tn,-y. Theevt.eme e..g.l.of,l.ebniMingis.40,ee,,theb,.eilth!,0fl ;, tl-e l,e,gl,t of the spire from the pavement is -o! The interior of tho b.iihli.ig is m..st elaborately decorated and the altar presents a most gorgeous appearance. ' Il(>NSEfC)UH.s CHt'KCIl. (r. c.) The foundation of this chnrch was laid in 1058, but fo, son,e roa.so„ tl,.. building was not completed for ^omo '_. rs. .Mass was pcformed in it for the first time on the '•'I' A'.gust l,;7.-,. It wiu. consumed by fl,e in 1754 ;;;• -bn.lt m >77. -3. it is situated on St.l>aulst.i THK CA.NAIJIA.V " ST. 1'ETER's." Mo..t,eaI is already noted for the number of large and c egan cl.,...ches which towor up i„ its midst, and'thelo h "r ■ 'T7 "^"'''''"'^'^ Cathedntl unequalled on tlu (.ont,ne..t, for s,.e and imposh.gappea.ance. in KS-.', the old Cathedral and Episcopal Palace which ; : "";, ,^^'7' "" «'• Denis street, were destroyed b fne. bl.or y al,e,-, a pa-'ish church was built on the o . site ,1. the Last End, and the Ibsl.op ..en.oved to new ■'n.l roo..,y .p.arters in the la,ge «,.d plain looki.ig brick mns,o,.on Palace s,.eet, which he now occupies. A o the I ,., .Jacob 1 ,. W.tt, and a section of ground f.om the I'nl>n.jue of ,he Parish of Xot.-e Dame, used as a c.;.ne,eo,i.s,,op,^.,,rgethad,.„dcrcontrola^^^^^^^^^ o lan.l m an elevated position, situated in the Wctt End, ■J-'-ng h.s palace, ami ve.^ suitable fbr the erectio,: ...i^ M.t ca l.ed,al. He shaped bis plans accordh.gly, «eall.y, ullo.ded l.n.. an opportunity to ind.dge in the n'.tmus project of buildiiTg an edifice whicS would ' V.1 the New 'VorkCathod.alinsi.e and magnificence an.1 surpass all othcs in North A.nerica. The subject "•asb,,,ad,ed to Ins cle,-gy, and by them imparted to the Pnbhc. Snbsc.-,ptions were called for; contiibutions I'on, high and low flowed in ; religious enthusiasm was awakened, ami ... iSo!) the cash .-esult was so g,.atifying tliat definite operations we,-e con.me..ced. Moi.sei- WjM.ur liourget interviewed a.-cl.itects, looked at various P N.s of chuich ed.fices, bad estimates p.epared, but alter .lehbcafon, he concluded to imitate the gn.nd but s,mple a,cl,i,ectu.eofSt. Peter's at i{on.e,and bnild ■ ts co,.,„e,part in the K.w Wo.ld. M. Victor Hourgean, a well k..ow.. and skilful Ca,.adian architect, was com- ■nr^sioned to p.epare the plans for the .,ow building- and altera voyage to Europe, for the purpose of study' w,t b M. Alcb.a.le L,.p.ol.o.., d.ew out bis plans accord- The ca,l„.l.al is beh.g erected i,. the form of a cross, MO feet .1. length from the g.-and entrance to the back of the ..ave, while its b.-cad,l.-or length of the transept-is --' . h.et. The length of the building will be further i..- .•>va.,ed by a portico ;J0 feet in width. The average lu..|gbt o( the walls will be 30 feet. Those to support EAGLE FOUNDRY, =1 GEORGE BRUSH, MANUFACTURER OF STEAM ENGINES, STEAM BOILEliS, steam Pumps, Donkey Engines, Circular Saw-Mills, Gear Wheels, Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers, &c IMPROVED SAND AND POWER HOISTS, Blake's Patent Stone and Ore Breaker. WATERS' PERFECT ENGINE GOVERNOR. " Heald and Sisco" Centrifugal Pumps. 35 INOKKSOLL F( )UNDK Y. Established ill 1 3rf>. Messrs. Tliomi.s IJrovvii & Co nre successors to Ei.sfwocl >V Co. Messrs. Brown & Co. have bonj;lit the extensive iimchiuery,stock aiidtools, patterns, etc., of the Inte firm ; and they imveniade several improve- ments in adding all of the most approved n.arhinery to the already well stocked machine shops. W,. should .judge from the appearance of tlie class of mnchlnerv that IS now in use in this factory, that .Messrs. Drown A- Co have facilities for themaimfiicuire of agricnlturnl imple- ments, enguies, boilers, cheese fittings and steam threshin- machines second to none in the West. The firm keep only first-class mechanics, which cost more hut aiv the cheapest in the end. They also have retained in their employ the late manager, Mr. Kerr. Customers may rely upon having their orders atten.Ied to, as he is one of the most energetic young men we have met with. The fac- tory IS situated ill the Town of lusersoll, about Ihur hundred leet south of the River TInniies, fronting on Charles street south, running north to St. Andrew street, taking in Mill stre.'t on the east, covering about two, acres of land. The buildings arc of brick, three storeys in height. The public ollices are in th.' front and the private office is on the right as vou enter We then pass out to tlu- show room. There is a large number of engines, steam boilers, and agricultural im- plements, marked ready for shipment to all parts of the Dominion. We then pa.ss to the work shop, this is a krge room 70 .x lOO feet. There is a large number of men at work. We then descend to the lower lioor. This room IS used as a finishing shop, 70 x 7o feet. In the rear of this is the moulding shoi., f,o x 70. There are about twenty men employed in this branch of the busi- ness. We then visit the boiler shop, this is a large build- ing. The firm is extensively engaged i„ the construc- tion of boilers. In the front of this is a blacksmiths' shop for heavy work. There is also a steam saw mill con- nected with the establishment, an.l in fi.ct everything to make it one of the most complete establishments of "the kind in the West. They use forty horse steam power and give employment to over one hundred men. the roof of the nave will have to go 42 feet higher, with an additional elevation of (id feet nnd..r the great dome Thus the extreme height of the masonry from the floor will be i:m feet. The roof, wlich is to be of gdvanize.l iron, will not be; modelled after that of St. Peter's, for though at Home the climate admits of a Hat roof it is otherwise in Canada. ' he large dome will be the handsomest part of the Cathedral and will be erected over the transept, support- ed on four gigantic pillars of oblong form, and 30 feet in thickness. As the dome wiU be 7() feet in diameter at its commencement, and its summit 210 feet from the spe<- tators on the floor of the church, some i.lea may be had of Its vast proportions. It will be an e.xact copy on a smaller scale of the mighty dome of St. Peter's and w-hen complete will be S-^O feet in lieight-4G feet higher than the towers oftlie French Church in the Place .1 Annes. (h, the outside, the foot of the dome will be .sriengtliened by Ki p„ir« of Corinthian pillars, twenty- hve feet in height, and surmounted by pilasters. Tlie space between the former is to be filled by large windows richly oriuimeiited. Above these pillars the dome will curve gracefully up to its apex, from which a grand hn- to«c will arise, surrounded on u smaller scale by orna- mented pillars. Above this again will be placed a huge gilt ball, and, pointing towards the heavens from its sum init, will be seen a glittering cross, 13 feet long. A splendid view of Montreal will be obtained from the ball such as visitors get from the top of the dome of St Pauls m London. It may here be stated that the dome of the Montreal cathedral is to be constructed of stone, which IS not often attempted in works of such magnitude. Four smaller domes equi-distant from the major one will sur- round It, and be fully as large as those surmounting I!on- •secours market and the Hotel Dieu. A magnificent portico of the composite style of architec ture IS to be erected in front of the church. It will be -lo f.-et long, yo feet wide, and will, from its delicate carvil.. being surmounted by two huge clocks, and a group of statues of the Apostles, chiselled by eminent sculpLs preseiit a favorable contrast to the unadorned and unhewn church walls. From the portico five large entrances will communicate with the vestibule, an apartment 200 feet long from whieli entrance to the body of tlie cathedral will be obtaine.l thiough numerous archways. An interior view of the church with its walls orna- iMent,.d with frescoes, statuary and paintings from the Italian school of art, .seen here and there between the VLHta of lofty pillars, will be very striking Under the immense dome will stand the high altar, and leading away from around it will be seen rows of arched pillars divid- ing the aisles and supporting the roof. Beside the grand altar tliere are to be twenty chapels in the Catiiedral and 111 each of the four immense i.illars which support the dome, there will be room for three commodious altars The foot of each pillar is to form a vault for the reception o» the bodies ofbi.;:ops, &c. Light will be admitted through the five domes, and will be increased by six larce lanterned casements and a number of sn U windows The building will be heated by hot water, a large baee* ment being excavated for the extensive boilers, fuel. Ac re,|,ur,.d therefor. There will be no colon^de by which to .Tpi-^.h the edifice, as at St. Petc-r's, Rome ; but the grounds are to be ornamented with fountains, &c. The buil.lmg is now nearly one third completed, and a iiotice- abl..' fact connected with the church is that work only progresses on it as fun.ls are collected, so that it incurs no debt and will be all paid for when finished. PUBLIC BUILDINOS. THE COUUT riOlSE. Tlii,s building, situated ni, Notre Dame street, is oiler m€«aai>^x. r^^w^ar^-^suMisk^d In tm^T. Successors to EASTWOOD & CO., MANCTPAOTORERH OF ALL KINDS OP AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, ENGINES, BOILERS CHEESE FACTOEY FITTINGS. STEAM THRESHING MACHINES ^rz^r^ -l?;!^/'^"i';"Vf '■:- - t'-'-tcst notice ^'"'''^'• est of M„,enul uned and ,h„ n.^" e" .oHlre:^ 1 k" Ir.^^rjl! '' l^.^'J^"' -« "■."' .^-P"L<^''- >fi leave the Works. ""''^ ""*' "'" "'«^' exporieneed workmen employed proinntncHs and dospatcli. All All Maolilnes tested before tliey Thos. Brown & Co 's GRAIN CRUSHER, geared for Hod or Belt, Thos. Brown & Co.'s CIRCULAR SAWINQ MACHINE for Steam or Horse Power. -^^'-<-'^^»T^X'.:s:^^:^z.^^^'jf^-^S^^,„,^„^ "^SK^"£SCj^-S-i™~r^^^^^^^^^^ Thomas Brown & Co.'g STRAW CUTTERS, geared Ibr Belt or Hod. Hand Straw Cutt«r8 made same style. ThoB^Brown b Co.'s Combined Self-Haking REAPER "It^^^^ ""'' ^'""'' * ^'^''^'^ B««P*°8 K°'ve1 and Pittmg Apparatus. Has taken 39 First Prises, THOMAS BROWN & CO., Ingersoll, O nt. !IS HBi BROWN & ST. CHARLES. Messrs. Brown & St. CImrles, carriage nmnufttcturerg, were t'stahlisliod in ]8ol. The factory and offices arc situated on 43 1 Front street, Heileville, Ontario. The show- room is built of brick, tiirue storeys in height. The bhick- smitlia' shop, wood shop, puint and trimming shoi)s are in the roar, covering about half an acre of ground, em- ploying some twenty-five men. This is the largest and only lirst-dass carringe factory in Belleville. The firm make omnibusses a specialty, which are ecjual in style and finish to any New York bus, and can now be seen • n use in Toronto, Montreal, Belleville, Oobourg, Lindsay, Whitby, Port Hop.., (Ailliiigwood, and in nearly all of our principal cities and towns, and we would sny to those wlo intend purchasing a new bustocail at Brown & St. Charles before purchasing elsewhere. ti c Grecian style of architecture, and is in its unpretend- ing and inassiv.) grandeur, second to few buildings in the City. The n.ost striking feature is its large Ionic portico, and the bold pr'.j,!ction of thepediment,\vliicli gives the ccntial porr,,!, of tlie ])rincipal front a very noble appearance. The fiont is divided ii, its length into five compart- me.its, the wiiigsa.lvanoiiig somewhat less than thecentre, 80 as to give Hie facade on artistic prominence, and to f;oe the builiiing fvoiii tiiat monotony which marked tlie mAk'T public buildiuiis of tlie City. Ample proportions are giv^n to the en, i.-mces, vestibules, corridors, and stair- cases, while .pacious halls of Justice and public otHces are laid out, -s well a.i aiite-roon)8 and private chambers for the Ju.lge.5 and chief officers of the Cour;. Besides capacious fire-proof vault.s, the building contains rooms for the Police, Criminal, Circuit, Superior and Appeal Courts, Advocates' rooms, Council room and library, offices for the P/othonotaiy, .Sheritf and Registrar, and rooms reqnir >() for all other officers engaged in the administra- tion of Justice. The total length-of the building is 300 feet ; nidth 1 2.5 feet ; height 70 feet. It is built entirely of Montreal stone, and the roof is covered with tin. Cost about 8300,000. THE BONSECOUnS MARKET. Is equal, if not superior, to any building of the kind in America. It is of the Grecian Doric style of architecture. The cost of its erection waji about $300,000. One half of the upper portion of this building is occupied by the offices of the Corporation, and the Coun- cil chamber. This building is the first to attract the attention of the tourist as he approaches the city, from the River. It has an extensive frontage on the river side and is three storeys in height, with a lofty dome. CUSTOM HOUSE. The new Custom House is the splendid building erected by the Royal Insurance Co., and which the Govern- ment, m 1870, purchased for «200,000, the splendid oak furmturcand fittings, safes, *c., being transferred with the property. Alterations were made to make it suitable forits new purposes. There are three principal entrances, one, an(I the most imposing, being that by the stone portico nciiig on Custom House sipiare, and the other two being from Commissioners street, and Common street respectively. Entering by this main entrance, the Land- JUg waiters' offices are on the left hand side, and the warehouse offices on the right. Immediately adjoining the former is the Surveyor's office. Passing through the Landing waiters' room, wo come to the offices of the Sampler and weigher, and the Tide Surveyor. The first oHices on the second story are those of the Collector, a large room for the Clerk, and which may be used as a waiting room, adjoining it, the public offices of the Col- lector, and again adjoiningthis, aprivateofflce, all of them neatly fitted up. Directly opposite to the Collector, is the office of the Chief Clerk and Treasurer, Descen.iing, from the passage between them a few steps, we enter the ong room, em|.lMitic,dly the chief feature of the bui .iing It is 9.i lk.t long, ao fe,t wide, and 87 feet I'lgh. Ihe ceiling is very beautifully decorated, and at one end is place.l the Royal Arms. ( )n the other si.K. of the stairs leading to the long room from tl„. .id,, entrance IS *lie Shipper's ro<.m, large ante-room fi.r sailor,., and near them are the the Appraisers' rooms, the whole in such close pro.ximity as to make them very convenient. The warehousing apartments are e.veeedingly spacious and commodious. Three elevators, worke.l by steam power a'-e n.sed m taking packages to th.. dilleient Hats. ' SIEHCHASTS KXCHANUE. In the Arr<»t8 of the French King, dated at Paris, Mav I Ith, 1717, we find the Ibllowing :_ " On the petition presented to the King by the mer- chants of Quebec and Momreal in new France, contain- ing: Ihat trade being the principal means by which the colony can be sustained and augmented, it is impos- sible that the merchants can ever flourish as long as they have not the liberty to assemble in a convenient place to treat mutually of their business; thr.t the meetings of merchants have appeared to be requisite for the utility of commerce in all the cities of France, and that if His Majestj' will grant them the same grace, they hope that the measures they will take for the trade will render it •n a short time flourishing, they therefore beseech His Miijest,y to permit them to assemble everv day in a suit- able place in each of the said citiesof Quebe, and Mont- real -to all of which His Majesty haying iiad regard- having seen the said petition ; heard t'-e report, and con- s.dered the whole, His Majesty being in His Council with the advice of Monsieur the Duke ofOrleans, Regent' has permitted and pennits the said merchants to assem- ble every day in a suitable place in the cHies of Quebec and Montreal, there to treat of their commercial affairs iROWM & ST. CNARLiS, OMNIBUS BUILDERS, 431 r'n.oiKn? STII.ESE3T, BELLEVILLE, ONT. ALL BUS SES GUAR ANTEED. REFERENCE MADE BY BUS MEi3 Iff Trenton, Cobourg, Port Hope, Whitby, Toronto, (Marlborough House) Lindsay, (Benson House,) Peterborough, Collingwood. ALSO SEVERAL JfOW RUNNING IN MONTREAL. M L«a^&:4K7« 80 vM Af. IIRENNEN, Munufacturer of sash bli.iJs and doors, ..stahli.!,,-.! in ISCo. The factory is situated 03, M und C? Kwii Wdliam street, Haniilto.:. The b.iiMings „„, built of brick, three storey in height, and are the hirgestaud most extensive establishments of the kin.) in Hamilton, giving employment to over forty hands, doing a business of eighty to one hundred thousand dollars a year, using thirty-horsc steam power. Until 1868, there was no buil.ling set apart as an Ex- change, when a building was erected upon the site occupied by the present Exchange. It was destroyed by fire on Christmas morning, 18G5. The present build- ing 18 three stories liigh, with basement and finished ftttics. The ground (loor is divided into large double offices, with safes. On the second floor is the rea.linu- room, sixty feet by thirty-two feet, extending from front to rear, with offices for the Secretary and two other double offices. The third and fourth are occu,,ied as offices, a portion of the latter being used as a residence for the keeper. Tiio building is heated with steam. The facades are cut stone, the principal one, facing on St. bacrament street, being iu the Italian style, with main entrance in the centre. CORN BXCIUNGE. This building forms the corner of St. Sacrament, St. John and St. Alexis streets. It is three stories in height the upper being equal in height to the two lower ones. 1 he lower story and a portion of the second is of dressed Slontreal stone. The upper portion is of red brick, with stone dressing. The upper flat is fitted up as an elegant and spacious hall for the transaction of business • and 18 frescoed in a simple yet eflectivo stylo. The' room IS well lighted with lofty windows on three sides Adjoiiung this room is the Secretary's office and Board room. mechanics' institute. Situated on the corner of St. James and St. Peter streets .8 m the Italian style of architecture, and consists of three divisions, thecentre having a portico with columns and rusticated piUars on lower story. Tl.e pillar, and quoins are ornamented. In the second story is the reading room, library and class rooms. 1,, the thin) story .8 the mam hal which will comfortably seat 800 persons X he hbrary of the Institute contains about 8000 volumes and tne reading room is supplied with aU the leading newspapers and periodicals. * Classes in mechanical drawing and other branches are sustained by the Institute during the winter months, and are well attended ; large numbers of the members avail- 1.^ themselves of the privileges thus afforded them. In obtaining teachers for these classes every effort is made to secure the best talent of the city. INSTITUT CANAmEN, This institution occupies and owns a building of cut 8 one, fo„r storeys in lieight, situated on Notre Dame street. It was founded in I8tJ, previous to which, the trench h.id not a single library in the city, nor a place where they could read or meet together. It was incor- porated in ISO.'. The library at present contains over 7000 volumes, and the reading room is supplied with uearly loo French and Enghsh journals. A few year, ago. Prince Napoleon presented the library with books valued at $o,(iOO. They are elegantly bound, and com- prise works on the arts and sciences, and general literature. The late Emperor Napoleon also presented the institution wit', statuary, Ac, valued at 81,000. There are several other public libraries in Montreal as follows : — Advocates Library and Library of the Bar, founded 1837 ; Cana.liaii Mechanics' Institute, founded 1857 ■ Grand Trunk Reading Room and Library, Institut Canadiei. Franvais , (Euvre des Boris Livres, founded in 1811, and the Canadian Mechanics' Institute. NATt'llAI, HISTonv society's MUSEUM. Is situated on University street, and is built of white brick. On the ground floor is the lecture room library committee room, and residence of the keeper. The second story, which is about 30 feet in height, contains the museum, which is surrounde.l by a gaUery, and lighted by skylights. Around the sides of the principal haU are cases containing birds, reptiles and quadrupeds. The centre is occupied by cases of mineralogical and geological specimens. In the galleries are specimens of shell fish, corals and shells, of which a large collection of fine specimens are exhibited. The walls are hung with paintings, Indian dresses and ciirios-ties, specimens of paper money, cases of coins, medals, &c. The princi- piU attraction in the galleries is the Ferrjer coUection of Egyptian and other antiquities, collected by Hon. James Ferrier during a tour in the east, and presented to the Society by him. OEOLOaiCAL SUBVEYS' MUSEUM. Situated opposite the west end of the Champ de Mars, is a plain stone edifice, three stories in Jieight. The Geological Survey of Canada was instituted in 1843 by the Provincial government, and ono of the duties imposed upon it was the formation of a Provincial museum, ■•■ • • to illustrate the geology and mineral resources of the country. This object has been kept in view, and the museum has gradually assumed a value and impor- tance which renders it at the present time second to few on the continent for the purposes to which it is devoted. It is open from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. and is free to alL THE MBW POST OFFICE. Is on the comer of St. James and St. Francois Xavier streets, and has a frontage on St. James street of 129 feet. 40 'iiilding of cut 1 Notro Dftme I to wiiich, tho ty, nor a place It was incor- contaitis over supplied with A few yean, ry with books 111(1, and com- (ind general iUo presented t 81,000. 8 iu Montreal, M. brennen; AND DETAIL Ji In' M il BLIND, II SASH, aviD DOOR MANUFACTURER. HAIVIII TOM rvM- JOHN nilRNS. The stovt> (iictoiy of Mr. .loliii Uiiriig, wliicli has nuiiiccl coiwidenihlc celebrity throughout the Doiniiiioii, niid especiully in A[oiitreal, on Hccouiit of itst hoitig flip only ])hK'e ill f'liiiiKhi where the French cooking rniigen nre iiianiifictiiicil, was established in ISf.o, and has grown larger and stronger with increasing yeai'B. Tiie factory is situated at No. 613 Lagancheti<»re street, Jfoiitreni. and is a fine five-storey brick liiiilding, having a frontage of fifty feet by n widtli of one biiiidred, ami fiirnisjies einploynient to sixty or seventy men, a fifteen horse- power steam engine being used to run tlie tnachinery, whicli is very fliorongh and coinplete. Mr. Burns sells stoves of all kinds, but his specialty is the Frendi cook- ing range, which, for comfort, convenience, simplicity and saving of fuel, is iiiieqiinlled by any other range or stove. No one who has used one would ever have any other again, a fact well proved by their constantly replacing other makes in the lending hotels and private residences and public buildings. Amongst the principal hotels now using this range we rnay mention the .St. Lawrence and Ottawa, of Montreal, where it gives entire satisfaction. Amongst the public and charitable institutions using it are the St. Hyacintlie College ; Marine Hosjiital, Quebec; Home of the Good .Shepherd, St. Hubert, I'.Q. ; Convent of the Sacred Heart, Mon- treal ; St. Bridget's Kefnge, Montreal ; St. Mary's Con- vent, Hochelnga; St. Mary's College, Montreal, and many others, while it is fast finding its way into all first- class houses. To .sum it np in brief, it has few equals and no superior. The office and .sales room is at iMH Craig street, Srontreal. Its depth from St. Franvois Xavior street to Fortifica- tion lane is 95 feet. The height of the main building from the ground level to the roof is 8S feet, and from the ba.senient to the siiiiimit of central tower )-J0 feet, The building is constructed of Montreal greystone. The style of architecture is the modern Italian. The facade on St. .lames street is highly ornamented with cut stone pillars, pediments and carved portico, while the Mansard roof is decorated with richly furnished mouldings. The central tower contains n large illuminated clock with three dial plates. The Mansard roof is of wood and protected with iron and slate. The basement and first floor is constructed of fire proof materials, and the entire frame of the building is of iron, while the floors aro laid in Baccerini cement and well trussed with iron for the greater preservation of the valuable contents of the building. It has cost about 9.500,000. This building is one of the greatest ornaments to the city and has only been occupied a few weeks by the Post Office depart- ment. VICTORIA SKATINO RINK. Skating is one of the most popular of the nmusemcuts pursued by the citizens of Montreal during the winter *ensou. Whilo the river St. Lawrence furnishes room fiir nil who may lesire to practise the art, still the violent storms often prevent it being practised in exposed placi's. To provide again.nt this, several private rinks have been erected, the |iriii(ipal one being that known as the Victoria Rink. The buihiing is )i.>us dressing, cloak rooms and otiices. At ..e extreme end of the builduig is a gallery. The building is ligbtid at night by gas, with colored glass lamps. \V len mniy hundreds are on the ice, and, with every vnri"ty of costume, ])as8 through all the graceful figures tl.'it skiiterM delight in, the scene presented is dazzling. The 'allow •rig, taken (ioni the coliinms of a local newspapei-, is a description of a carnival held at the Victoria Rink, on the occasion of the first visit of the (lovernor (feneral and the Countess of Diitlerin :" When Lord and Lady UiiHi'iin, attended by their suite, took their seats under the dais about eiglit o'clock, the scene was magnitiient. Never since the carnival in honor of the Prince of Wales' visit has there been such a brilliant assemblage in the Victoria Skating Rink. As the baud discoursed the noble strains of " Ood .Save the Queen " the skaters left the aftir.ng rooms and, bounding on the ice, commenced their giiicid'iil evolutions. Every na- tionality under the sun was represented. Indians of various tril)es, with thick layers of war paint, brandish- ing tomahawks and scalping knives ; Spaniards and Italians shooting love and jealousy from their piercing black eyes; obese Dutchmen, with their indispensable pipes and peculiar gait ; negro minstrels, rattling bones and thruniiiiing taiiiiiouiines and banjos ; girls of this period with inmiense chignons and unsightly Orecians • girls of the olden times in ipiaint but comely costumes eclipsing the so-called finery of the nineteenth century belles ; Chiuainen and .Japanese, laboring hard to show their superiority over the nations they despise ; brignnds intent on plunder; pirates glorying in their deeds of blood ; rillenien in their simple nnifbrm, glowing with the ardour peculiar to volunteers ; ladies of the Kliza- bethfiii period proving beyond dispute their claims to lieauty and tiisliion ; swells of this and other ages, sport- ing eye-glasses, ringlets, and Innguishing whiskers ; in fact, such a commingling of curious characters as to excite all kinds of emotions in the breasts of the observers. Round anil round the glas.sy surface they glided, while the IJandu Independaute ('anadienno in the side gallery played majestic marches, lively quadrilles, and sparkling polkaa. For several hours the perpetual movement was kept iii>. There could be no lagging with such bright 42 JOHN BURNS, MANUFACTURER OF THE Celebrated French Cooking Hot Air Furnaces, &c., &c. RANGE, 3J ft. 4 ft. 41 ft. 5 ft. ft. and any size jociuired. 1 Hon. Tho». Ryan, IVpI Slrpef KoiuBO H sunl,™., St. I..iui;«rls, ». A- Qiilnii, f,uiij(ue I'diuto, JaiUM How, Shcrlmiuke Strwt Jlr». A, Slinu.011, 1126 sliHrbru.iki. Stmct ii.,'ry"{'."»^'J;,;;"'"""'""'"'' «'■•"■'. m"'?.", J'"'I'«"'- ft'"'! iTOokp street, n *;'='/,»"''r. I'alaw, Kireet, ' Jl.J.UIiaw, C. D'HtUii, .St. F.llMlwll, stm.t n. U Welti, Wituidor BtriH't A. SItBiiilOU, I'alaco Htri'ut* A I'In.oiiMult. \Viii(|,„r .street M. H. UauU, MoT.vl,!, Slr«t7 ' .iHrnotSlcSliane. Jr., ' W. SlejjliijlK, I'oint aux Trembles, REFERENCES: .las. O'Neill, Polac,. .street, (■■■..","'"."■ '"'■'" Avejiiie, I». i»;'i"':7' ■;*l'«'-''ro"l'e .Street, „ '■ •!"«'■ SlHirlTOoke street, J . JIt.Nally. 11 ]>ijruclier .Stirel Mr Slevmli;',',,'^^';';-''"':''' '■'"'"' '>""" street, ,. ," 'St*'voiiH,ni, \\ iiiilsiir .strviel Kobe,; Held Man.llehl stm't, ' J.ladmn (ihldono, St. Jarii.M SIroi.l J.. A. lletuard. Verenuej, iJuebcc St. UwrencH Hall, v''"-!; Ottawa Hotel. St. James' Club, Sli'trofulitan Club. Molropolltan Hotel, Xoiro Dame .Street, C. Urln, City lloti'l. Com aiii & .Sun, SI. Hyaci.itli,. ('ollene, .-t Hyacliitlie, »t .loliiij' Hotel,. SI. .loluis, Marine Hospital, guebi'c. liood Sliepherd., .SI. Hubert, ym'bec, pit. tlrlif>rel >t Heluxe, Hoclielaita (invent. Providence Nunnery, St. Citlierine street I onvent, St. Hyaelnllie, ij,,, l,ec. ' Nortb American .Meat Co.. Montreal, SI Mary , ( 'oMep.. Illeury street, J. A. Knller, I'eel Street, Jolui tt are, Craig Strwt. *••»•. Ktc. Kic. ScTxafor nivLstrcLted Ccttalogiw Warorooms at 675 Ciak Street Ctrl d Price LLst. Montreal. 43 IF '; oycH Hiu] plraHiint fucfH looking eiifoiiragiiigly on. Siiro- ly tlio gn-atrnt pIcuNiirc tliat over fell to tlio lot of fair woiiioii anil brave iiirri i» to iloii I'aiitaNtiu rimtinncH niiil taki> part in a Hkatin^; uarnival in tint pri'iM'ni't! of u luiiliiunablu gutlu'ring like thai of lant tivt'ning." THE YOUNO MKN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIAl'ION nUILDINQ, TliiH building, situated on the corner of Craig and Uadt'gnnde streets, is ono of the finest in the City. The style is the niediievial or decorated Uotliic. The foun- 6 feet front- ago on St. Francois Xavier ctreet, while that on St. .Sacrannnit street is \'M> feet. The height of the build- ing from the street level to the top of the dormer win- dows is 74 feet. On the ground floor, in the angle formed by the junction of the two streets, is the main entrance to the public receiving room ; a fine airy apartment about (>() feet by It), and 18 feet in height. It is sub-divided by handsome glazed partitions, and so arranged as to allord ample accommodation forthe steadily increasing Montreal business — a space eqw\\ to 40x21 feet being devoted to the public. The extensive operating room, fitted with the instru- ments, and all in motion, is an interesting sight ; its adjuncts, and the engineer's ofTices are on the second Hour, while on the last flat m the stationery department, work room, Ac. Upon the roof, crowninjall, ia the cupola, looking like an immense pepper-castor, being punctured all round with Scores of holes for the admission of the web of wires which will here centre from the -Kstand steadily increas- ing number of oflices which dot tiie Dominion in all di- rections. From till cupola the wires are carried to the operating room. The edifice, which has been constructed in a very sub- stantial manner, forms a noteworthy addition to the nund>er of elegant and substantial pubUc buildings that the Canadian metropolis ; BANK BUILDINGS. MEUCUANT.S BANK OP CANADA. This magnificent edifice, said to be the finest building for commercial purposes in America, is situated on the corner of St. James and St. Peter streets. The general design is of modern Italian character, the basement being rusticated and faced with grey Halifax granite, while the rest of the building is built of Ohio sandstone, with polished Peterhead red granite columns in the principal entrance. Internally, the arrangement is somewhat pecu- liar, the general banking office being arranged at the back of the building, approached by a central corridor from the street. This is a handsomely designed room, about 09 feet by 50 feet, and 43 feet high, paved with tesselated tiles, with galleries for head clerks, &c., on two sides. Out of this main banking office, which is fitted up in the most elaborate style, are the strong rooms, which have been designed and constructt^d with the utmost possible cure, to ensure the safety of their contents against fire and thieves, no expense having been spared to make them as perfect as possible. In the first and second floors are arranged the board-room, secretary's rooms, and other offices, and the whole building is fitted up with every convenience. Tiie windows are filled with double 44 THE CANADIAN WM [41 ll'iAM \Vlf<# ESTABLISHED 1854. MANUFACTURERS OF RUBBER GOODS, Would call attention to their varied assortment of RUBBER BOOTS AND SHOES PftTEKT PRESSED BElTtNG^ OF ALL KINDS. SUCTION and LEADING HOSE, of all sizes. Improved CARBOLIZED Fire Engine Hose, Mills, Towns and Villages supplied on the shortest notice. I I All orders executed with promptness and despatch. FRANCIS SCHOLES, Manager. * ■» HI si J \ 'I id 45 THK ('ANADA J'AI'KU 0(»MI'AXV. Fron, II,.. ,„.Hi..,t «g..H , ,„„ .,,i,„„ ,„ ,,,,,„„„ ""-'" "«•.! ..,..ri,>,io,„ oM H,..,... „M.,„l,. Jkc, buf h« "~ y for «n.H,..r .«nli,i..H, a,,., „., ...^ .«Mv - "uv I . ':''"^-'""^"'« '" """"% ".'-L-i to .1,.. t" lie < lm,..»,. |,.„« |,..,or„ it „,., ,|i...ov..n..l in Kuypf W. .;h w. hav. any rcxoni iH ,|.„t of h., Kgy,,,,,.,,, K'ovvH very Hl„M„la,„ly on the l„.„k. of the Nile. Wh,... -ly many ptum. before ,1. ,,.nH,i,„M.rn ; i. wo.H.n,nn..|..,orotl,e,i,,...o.Mo..,„,..ltl,,;thl " fiv.. LookH of the Bil.1., were written on it, hy l,i„ , "•t .... Hton., „s othern .,.,,,.0,0. Tlu.e i« L u.u.u,uofTnnn„nE,y,..ia. nn„.ript .ai.i to ..ontl: an act drawn np n. tla- rfign of Thonll,nM«i, HI., uho re.gned 2o„ y.,,r. Moro tho tin.e of Moh.h , „„.| tt , ^ a..otl,or n.anu.cript wl.i..,. 1. „„. ,,a,o'of t u! t your of the reign „f Se«.tri. Uan.eHe,, who w«« the Z of Pharoah who W8« swallowed up in the He.l Sea The Egyptian style of preparing their paper was very ..n.p ie, and more liken,akin« a natural ,4 r than wh t could properly be called a n.anufaetnre. The papy^ «ccord,ng ,0 tradition, wa. separated into thin l«ye« „ ,d cu .nto p.ecea of e.ual aize. These were plaeed'sTiv Huleonasmootb table until the size required was at^ ♦"""'V "" '""" '"-^"^ "■'" H"-' '"•.OH. it, both were then ,no„tened with the water of the Nile, which woB supposed to contain glutinous properties (although . .smorebkely the properties were in the p ant) n allowed to dry u. the .un , after this the bee Z I rubbed w.th a sn.ooth .tone or an ivory tooth o nZ ' the .nrfaco even.and the n.anufacture was complete. The Egypttaus were very jealous of their art, and L the yea .63 u. c Ptolemy prohibited the exportation of ,LJ rus, feanng that Eumenea of l-erganlus might m k " a' library equal to that of Alexandria. Tlie next great step towards providimr writi,,,, . rial was the discovery of parWmL by 'a I^o 'JC gamus, 190 D. c; but it i, said that the Persian ti wntten thc^r records on skins for .^ t t : Parchment was made from the skiuH n( ,.„^ but the best parchn,e„t booklll' 1 . ror:'::';' us are made fron. goat-skins. Parchment qu "k,y ::! " aeded papyrus aud remained for over eight centur Zhe maiu means of preserving records. The first 1!h we hear of paper which approaches our J, ,7;;;:: I .r .'„ ■^' ' "' ""-'t" have learned nu... who I a,l praet. | ,be art for sotue ti.ne previous- r. du.ed to a pulp, by the ( hiuese, I7r. n. ... The art wu. '.med mto .Spain in the eleventh eentury,,„,e,rr -I'-r ....II. were ereeted in that country d^Z^, ZZ '"'"" •"^' -•not being «,ha.;M; E..Klisb n,auu„-r,pts o„ I, „en paper exist, dated l:i4(, "J ':•"••■ ''t ' ''■n....:.™madeinEnil.i n^welearnotlnng of a manuliu-torv thereuntil 1418 wLouthe *;a.rtoloma.us"ofU>nkynde2d ': P a™d,nwhu.h it i. stated, h, e. As we hear uothnig more of Tate it is probable ';-«-. .'.;.... .Spiehnan. a <^er,uan who Jr^Z^l . .1 1 art ord dur.ng the reign of Queen Kli.abeth, -Lie bit "■■ "^ •'''.^•""■'•"".v «"'.^ the cre.lit of hav- ."K the i„t pap.r null n> Kngland. All the paper then r;;!^^': z :;::;:''';;; "''-'7 -hiuery aud of I ooi- )Z \ ! '" "'^■™"o" was the work • '"'.-'H 1 obert, a worku.an in the enq.loy of M. Dulot *l." «.-.t French printer of the day, wo purchas d tho — a.ulto.AittoKugl int.o.,i,dcr^ ,.; mt. nt. .1 n. the same year. The imiehine has uuderffone '..;.'.>■ ....lM.rtaut changes and vast in.prove„,ent W t still bears Fourdriniers name. ' At first tho manufacture of paper was entirely from ...cu or cotton ,,„d -s the q rity Lderapidly increaM rs were e„n.rta,ned that the supply. ,MiLn rag" v„W '"•'■"'.'« oxha, sted. This led to searches for ofheT «t«..ces to t«k.. the place ofrags, and it wal ^ t a^ : n" ..usgrassesb;.,l..of trees, A.., would n,ake papo 17 t "l"""" ".' "'"^ -od i,.,lf could b?co veld --."" very (a„-pap..r. On «c,.,uut of its cheapness w,,d ^ ""rs very largely into the manufacture of pap . < a..ada, and we will give a brief description'^rhow paper .. made from wood at Windsor mills F.eaving Montreal by the 9 a.m. train a ride of about our hours by the Grand Trunk and Eastern Townlhin, RHilways brings one to the flourishing little vdCe „f Windsor Mills, situate on the east bank'of the .St Sn - Rivcr sr. miles from Montreal. Here, almost oppo te tho depo are the paper n.ills of the Canada ZZ Company, which 00. „py about f.ur acres of ground and ♦•»•;' "..' a., average of about four tons per day. The j mills were erected by Angus, Logan & Co. in ] 8r„, « ,d were run by them until ,87t', when the firm wasn Cd -.to he present Company. The paper manufuc/ rTat W.ndsor « largely made (,om woo.l, and is u^ed f! books newsnapers and envelopes , tho mills of the Com- pany or making wrapping paper being at Sherbrook^ On en.en,,, the niill the visitor is surprised to seegrca^ to h«v(' Kinriied from rlic Hdilm- I' fiitii' pri'vioiK- mI«' Iriiiii twij^H r. Tlif HTi wuii ry, snil thn firif ■y. J-iinm toim •tl with, cotton, iiig w littble to ■t, ildtfd j;J4o, «,te AlSXCitrs, 3L.OC3..A.3M «&> 0O.,> MAKKRS OF S, Manilla, Brown, Gray and Straw WRAPPING PAPERS, ROOFING PELT PAPER, MATCH PAPER, -A. "W" IB O .A. H. ID 3 And iuipnrterij of evury description of Paper & Siationery, Twines, &c. The Celeijrated Gra/s Ferrj Priating tuts. Patent Silicate Lithographic Papers, WHARFfiflLi mU OTHfR PRINTING PRESSES. ^rr?ry^ry>afBs highly ornamented. The main entrance is through a portico supported by highly polished columns of Scoteh granite. On the two upper storeys of the front, are richly carved wreaths of flowers, fruit, &c. The front is sur- mounted by „ richly carved shield, tearing tl.e arms of tht Molson family, and supported by two female figures the whole being executed in sandstone. The third stor^ of this building IS used by the Boiird of Arts as a school of design. BANK OK BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. Situated 01, St. James street, near St. Francois Xavier street is bu.lt entirely of cut stone, and is of the Composite tyle of architecture. The head office of this bank is in London, England. It was established in 1836, and was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1840. ONTARIO BANK. Is situated on Place d'Armes. Is in the Italian style of architecture, four storeys in height, and built of Montreal limestone. The arched entrance to the bank aiul houses, with their masked key stones, are bold and massive and projecting wreaths of myrtle leaves are in- roduced between the windows. The frontage of the building IS fifty feet ; the depth seventy feet. The roof 18 surmounted by an ornamental iron railing. BANQCB JACQUES CABTJIB. The new building occupied by this bank is situated on he east side of Place d'Armes, and is a well executed budding ,„ the modern French Renaissance style, four storeys in height, with liigh Mansard roof. BAN(}UE DU PEl'PLB, Is Situated on St. James street. It is a large building of cut stone, an.l is three storeys in height. Above the W.U.10WS of the lower story are four compartments, in which are placed emblems representing agriculture, manufactures, arts and commerce, executed in bas-relief L.J. CAMPBELL & CO., 3Janufactui>e]~is of STRETCHED ii,|il ■I, Cr XS »3r C X ES jfS 15 Front Street, West. TOUOIXTO AND I HEW WESTOU STKEET, KOfmnri/lonTT T /w, J^^., "PlVTriT A ItTT* 61 ' !| ^;. m OTTAWA BOILER WORKS The OH.iwa Boiler Works ore situated nt the corner of U>y aiul Mnna strerts, Ottawa, aisd is the oldest estflblish- ""■>it ,.( Its lii,,.! i„ the Ottawa Valley. The works were opene,! I,y Jlessrs. Campbell & MoBride. in 1870, and couT over half an acre of ground, givi' employment to twelve 01 fifteen men. All kinds of -earn boilers of every variety are turned out by this enterprising firm, and rej)airinirisninde n specialty of CIIARITABLK AND HUMANE INSTITUTIONS. StOXTKEAl, OENKRAI, IIO.sPITAI„ nullCHMTin STRICT. This institution stands at the l-.ead of the public cstabhslnuenls for the relief of nasfortune and Hurtering, '""1 "1 '-cspeet to the excellence of its management has no superior in the I)-mii,ion. It owes its origin to the philauthropic elforts of a number of ladies, who, about the year isio, Conned themselves into a Society called the " La.lies' Benevolent Society." The great increase of immigration had brought to our shores vast numbers of persons who were in.-apable of reaching their destin- ation, being overtaken by sickness on their passage, or detained by poverty on their arrival, and unable to pro- cure either support or medical attendance. This Society . was forme,! expressly for the relief of such cases, who j were soicht out an,i],roniptIy relieved. The inhabitants entered so heartily into the scheme, that, in ISJy, a fund of £ I ,-iO() was raised for the purposes of the Society, and n soup kitchen was opened, where the ladies superintend- ed the distribution ; but more than this was needed, and the mvessit,- of provi.ling for the sick was presentx-d to the public. The citiwns determined to proceed with the erection of a buihiing, and on the (ith day of June 1S2I the foundation stone of the building, [which now forms the centre portion], was laid with Masonic honors, by the Right \\-oishipful Sir .John John.wn, Bart. Past Provincial (i rand Master of Canada. In less than a year the building was linishcd, and on the 1st May, 1S22, it was opened for the ivception of patients. On the llth May, I'.gi, the Hon. .Tobn Richardson, the first president of the institution, died at the age of 7f. years. His frienrls, desirous of erecting some monument to his memory, at first .lecid?d to j.lace a cenotaph in Christ Church, but when the subscription list was closed it was found that the amount subscribed far exceeded that re- •luired for the work, and as the demands for admission to the liospital were greater than its capacity, it was resolved to devote the money thus acquired to the en- largement of the building, by erecting a wing, to be called the Richardson wing. Accordingly, on the Kith September of the sam.' year, the corner stone was laid, and the building was opened for the reception of patients on the 7th December, 1832. In 1848, the widow of the late Chief Justice Reld added the w.ng known as the Reid wing, as a monument to the memory of her husband. Lately another wing has been added called the " Mor- 1«-Kl wing." This building fronts on St. Dominique street, and 18 attached to the west wing of the main building. It 18 a plain but rather impeding structure, built of stone, four storeys in height, besides a high Mansard roof. HOTEL niEf. Was founded in ir,4J, by Madame de Bouilon, for the reception of the sick and poor, and was situated on St 1 aiil street, along which it extended n-H feet, and on St Joseph [now St. Sulpice street], it was 408 feet in depth' The buildings consiste.l of an ho.spital, convent and church. Before the establishment of the Montreal Gen- eral Hospital, this was the only place to which the afflicted poor of the city could be sent for relief It furnished for many years a refuge for the miserable, and help for the sick, to whose comforts the sisters devoted themselves with the most praise-worthy benevolence The increased demand for ai.J rendered it necessary that more extensive premises should be obtained, added to which was the fact that the neighborhood was so thickly built lip, that It became necessary to remove the hospital to a more open locality. To meet this the present exten- sive premises on St. Famille street were erected This IS the most extensive religious edifice in America. It is compo,s..d of the church, convent and hospital. The grounds are surrounded by a massive stone wall the circumference of which is one and a half mile ' The Physicians of the Institution are the Professors of the French School of Medicine. Previous to the conquest the Hotel Dieu was supplied with medicines and other necessaries by the French Oovernment; at present the funds are derived from rents of lands, charitable bequests or donations, and an annual grant from Pariiament, OUEY NUHNEur. (Founded in n.-i-S.) Is a large hospital and Nunnery situated on St. Catherine street, west, and extending south to Dorchester street. Of the size of the institution we may form an idea from the fact that at present it contains l.J9 Nuns (known as sis- tm of charity), 37 Novices, and -500 inmates, while over ■^OOO visits are made annually to the sick and poor of the city, and from the dispensary over 10,000 prescriptions are given to the poor gratis during each year. In addition to their own establishment, and the visits of the sick, the sisters have under their charge several other benevo'lent institutions, viz. : St. jMrph's Asylum, on Cemetery street, for the recep- tion of orphan boys and giris, which has 2-50 inmates. St. Patrick's Orplian Asylum, connected with St. Patrick's church, contains about 200 inmates. It was founded in 184f), solely for Irish orphans and aged persons In connection with this Asylum is an infant school, OmWA BOEER works] coBiiie urn Am mmm strkts, The Oldest Boiler Establishment in the City. OTTAWA. eigi»n.»,«3gnj|,ji„q„^,m^^^^^^ The undersigned, Proprietors of the above works, beg to call the throughout the Dominion, to their thorough facilities for MANUFACTURE OF attention of the interested public the STEAM BOILERS Of all kinds^ including llftBMC, PeBTABlC MB MJll B0flC«S Of ever, de.eripUon, the ,„„e, being ™ae „ .peciallj. Al» M„„r„.„„d here- ' Brewers' Pans, House Boilers, Bauk Vaulte, Iron Doors, Water Tanks, Oil Tanks, Smoke Pipes for Saw Mill,, &c., And every description of ? Repair Torkofall kinds well executed. Address communications to CAMPBELL & MCBRIDE, Proprietors, Ottawa. 63 A' J. :,M" :|i i . i\ ^1 ^ G. CHAPLEAU. Thu siife fuctory of Mr. G. Clmploau wus estublislietl in IS04. Tlie oflicc in situated at aiS mid aso St. Liivvroiict' Muiti street. Tlie (iutory is situated on V.,k corner of Ontiirio and St. Charles BorronK'o streets. Tlie buildings are built of stone and brick, tlirce storeys in height, with P'rencb roof. Tiiis is one of the largest safe factories in Montreal, giving employment to from fifty to eighty men. The safes niaiiiifactiired here are of as good quality, botli in material and finish, as any now manufactured in the Dominion. Sargent's combination lock is used on nil of Mr. Chapleau's sales, and the safe that is now on ex- hibition at the Centennial at Pliiladelphia is a credit to the manufacturer, as it is one of the finest ever man- ufactured in this country, and we should not be ut all surprised to hear of Mr. Chapleau receiving the first prize at the Centennial. also taught by the sisters, which is attended by 4.')0 pupils. Natarclh Asylum for llir r.liiiil, and Infant School, is built oil St. Catiierine street, has over l-J-") pupils, and a number of blind persons. PUOTESTANT HOUSE QV I.NIH .STRV AND HEFIOB. Is situated on Dorchester street, near Bleury. The building is of brick, three stories in height, with a higli basement. On the first story is the Ladies' Industrial Department, and the general otHces of the institution ; the second story contains the Hoard room and dwelling of the superintendent, tlie third story being fitted up as dormitories. Religious services are conducted in the Board room every Sabbath atternoon by the clergjinen of the city in turn, and a medical officer has charge of the health of the inmates. All casual visitors receive a meal in the morning and evening, and as payment for breakfast they work at making kindling wood for one or two hours. The number of inmates averages about (i-'j in summer and iSO in wi'ter. The nunil>er of iiigiit lodgings given during the year is about 10,000. The in- stitution possesses a tarm, which, was left them by the late Mr. Molson, upon which, at some future day, build- ings will be erected for permanent inmates. The Ladies' Industrial department is under (he maungenient, of a committee of ladies, who during liie year give employ- ment to a large number of workers. MONTHEAL PB0TE3TANT ORPHAN ASYMiM, Situated on St. Catherine street, is a stone building of neat appearance, and has pleasant grounds attached. Children are not allowed to leave the asylum before the age of 8 or 9 years, except when adopted into respec- table families. The orphans are instructed in tlie rudi- ments of a religious and useful English education ; and the girls, in addition to needle work, are early taught the domestic duties of the establishment. Beside* the institutions aliemiy described, there are in the city upwards of 00 societies, such as the German, New England, Irish I'rotestant Heiievoleiit, St. Patrick's' St. George's Sf Andrew's, &c., which allbrd to their members, or to others, relief, assistance, or protection. EDUCATIONAL. MCOILL UNIVERSITT. This University, founded by James McGill, Esq., a nifchaiit ofMoiitreal, who died on the 19tli December, 1813,atthe age of sixty-nine years, is the most impor- tant educational nstitute in the Province of Quebec. No* having any children, Mr. McGill determined to devote a large portion of lils fortune to sonij object of benevolence connected with his adopted country, and in his last will, made two years before his decease, he set apart his beautifully situated estate of Burnside, on the slope of the mountain, with a sum of .£40,000, for the formation of a University, one of the colleges of which was to be named the McGill College. McGill College is situated on Sherbrooke street. The structure consists of a main building, three storeys in height, with two wings, connected therewith by cor- ridors. These bui Mugs -nd corridors, which are built of Montreal limestone, contain ( .c. class rooms of the Faculty of Arts, with itsmus;.iim and library ; the r?si- deiices uftlie prinoipjil, the professors in charge of ihe resilient under-griiduatcs, and the secretary. The library contains over S,000 volumes of stand- ard works. This number does not include the library of the Medical Faculty, which contains upwards of ■'),000 volumes. T!ie museum contains a general col- lection of type s|,- mens of zoology; the Carpenter collection of shells ; the Carpenter collection of Mazatlan shells; the Cooper collection of 2,400 Canadian insects; collections of Canadian fresh water and land shells ; also Botaniciil, Geological and Mineralogical specimens. The philosphical apparatus u valued at U-';,00() and the chemical laboratory is furnislied with all the necessary appliances. At the west end of the college buildings is situatedthe observatory, the basement ofwhich is devoted entirely to the observations on Terrestial Magnetism. The ground story and leads are devoted to Meteorological oliservations. The transit tower is for the purpose of furnishing time to the city, and to the ships in the harbor, and is connected by electrii; telegraph with a " Time Ball " at thj wharf. The giiHinds which surround the main buildings, have been planted and laid out as walks, thus rendering them a favorite resort for the residents in the neighborhood. ■ The University is under the direction of Principal J. W. Dawson. LL. D., F " S., F.G.S. The following are affiliated with the University : McGill Normal School. Model School of McGill Normal .School. 64 GODFROI CHAPLEAU ~ FIRST AT m PRIZE THE ■ 1 ' A • 1873, ^fONTREAL ; AND 1875, OTTAWA FIRE-PROOF SAFES, W^K** $to*l tm.4 *p«« BtT»ai,AE»PltOOF 8AFB8 Doors for AND Fire and Burglar-Proof Safes Combined. '^''"' PuTliIBi^S"^^^.^«T''''"• rf^ Vault Doors, Fire-Proof Doors, Iron Shutters, Iron Doo IRON BRIDGES AND GIRDERS, &C., &C MANUFACTURLK OF STONECUTTERS' TOOT^; ; .., ..o AGENT FOR M. MOODY'S Vyt-nTATfY ^ ' ' 320 ^/. Lawrence Main Street, ^^^x viu, . Corner Ontario and St. Charles Borromee Streets. ■■<-»< ->^ir.-ii,ic«LJ*^ >4I50 PROPRIETOR OF " LEFORTS T.r.*Jf?L.S!!'fl""»"T WATCHMAIl DETECTOR" rura It is used at an niilinon, I! :._- ... Warehomea, Ac, a'aj ialJttoMTinlx^^^^T'l^v '^. '^*"'"' ?""?"'' Asylums, Public Offices, Manufaotu ■u laoc to any instuution where a check on the night patrol is needed :j 2^1 56 U Ai I'KOVINflAL KA'HmiTION ULUNDKHS, •Hze. 1 m ,ny ,„„e|„„t. k 8,.,,Prior to the one which Mbj,.ct «1 goncTnl .-...nrnk on the Exhibition ground, by :::..;: '°,"T- "'""v;"' •" j""«'' "^'"« "•-■'• ^^ ^h' .0 Mv.. .na.hn,.... AVi,v the j„,ige, acted o« they did o hoso who were present whiUt the uierits of tj.e va- ns nmchme. were being eon.idered. 1 may «y, how- e^ or, .n j nstice to n,y^\f, that I offered to pit my .nacl" ne ng«,Jttheone whieh was awarded the'fir/;^: ^ exce lence m he n.anufactnre ol' bricks, the owner of the -achnu. a.ijndged the poorer to pay ,100. This offe " "« no accepted by the successful competitor , however "t It ,H HUU open. To show that I an. not unjust to the «ignc.l by pMctical n.en who were at the Exhibition. „, , Ottawa, .Sept. 23rd, 1S75. msmms lings Bridse P () Klt:j. u- ""' ^^'o^ceter, Bil- Hmy r !f <';, i- REDBRICK IviPPEK, Ottawa • llBtlRY HOLA Ottawa: Pbter McGhboor. Ottawa; G Robert 80.V, Reporter Fnr Press, Ottawa. ' "°»^''^- I might also say that I sold the machine I had on ex- 'n . .on at Ottawa to a practical man-Mr. Wn.. Row ad -wo purchase,! ,t m preference to the Montreal one «por .ng the red ticket. Mr. Rowland h«3 a SIo. troa nachme ,n Ins yard, but bought mine for the purj s o ■nnkuig a superior quality of brick. Joseph Close. ■_^ Woodnock, Got. High .School of McG ill College. Morin College, Quebec. St. Francis College, Richmond, P.Q. Congregational College, Montreal. Presbyterian College, Montreal. In ad.hfion to the above, Montreal possesses many ■ns. uuons ,„ which instruction n.ay I ol.ainld J e «r> .lepartn.ent of knowledge, from the highest branch- Is T7' t"""""'"' ' "'""« "- ."ost' oticeable of UujS re the .Senm.ary of St. Sulpice, founded in the C. S^ ''[4''" Abbe Q,.elus, the Jacques Cartier •School Ugn.cheti^re street , St. Mary's College and 1^ acuity of Law, Bleury street, &c., &c. (•r-ASSICAL A.VD COMMERCIAL AC.iDE.MV. rinl'il'n'f °" "" '""*'''" "^ ^'""''^ ''«'«'««n S'. Cathe- nno and Ontario streets. It is a new building of a chaste «".l beautiful appearance, and assumes proportions that a once attract, the attention of all p„ Jr, by. it edifice IS 1^5 feet in length, 4« feet in breailth, and thr e «toreysin height. In the centre of the building on li "'" •;," "^«- -'"■ ". "- -rroundings of whichTr bea|itil„lly ornamented with elaborate workmanship t Surmounting the buihiing, above each doorway, is a tower, seventy feet in height, pyramidal shaped." T, wbol«^ structure has as appearance of stateliness aiiS To QUEUEC. lie elegant steamers of the Richelieu and Ontario Naviga- t.on Company, c Mod the "Montreal" and "Quebec" CnXTrl "',"'--•"'"«' l'-'"« "'« ^uins of the (ort on .St Helen's island in the harbor, leaving Longueuil o lie right, and passing the group of islan.ls'bdor h ^My, and the mouth of the Ottawa river, you are fairly on your way to the old capital. ^ SOREU Forty-five miles below Montreal, is the first portat the site of a fort .uilt in 105.0 by M. DeTracy, and was for many years the ».n..raer resi.knce of successive gover- nois of Canada. It is situated at the conllunce of the 8 000 F ""•, "";■ f '""^•"""' W-latioii about 8 000 Five miles belcw Sorel the river expands into a wide lake nearly twenty-five miles in length, and nine nnles i.i width, known as ^ LAKE ST. PBTEK. During the descent to Quebec, a great amount of shin- ^^ Z'l\'^''''''^ ""«'!"« J«^" to the great timber art at Quebec, sometimes in single rafts. an.I sometimes withZ' ."".,' '"'" " fl^-ti-'^'ti-nlx^rtown. populous to V 2J- '"""''-'""'"'• «''>"«^- -"g« enlive,. the mono- tony of their voyage. THBEE KfVEBS, Situated midway between Montreal and Quebec is one of the oldest settlements in Canada, an^ha Con ven s and Church edifices of considerable arch "c^rai pretensions. The town was first settled in 1018. Popu lation about 9000. ^ The famous faUs ofShawanegan, second only to those of Niagara, are but twenty four miles from Three Rivers and those of the Grand Mere thirteen miles further up the St Maurice. The celebrated St. Leon Mineral Springs are also twenty-four miles from here .ix'^mL^r'^'"'!,^''^'"' '"''"^ '^'^'- I^"^vrence about ..x miles above the city of Quebec. At this point the precipitous banks of the St. Lawrence increase iS heigh ■oiiodioiis that h,s,er Mills are «djoi„i,.g ,he Co.dage Kaetorv n-Hl, ow...g to the ,.n,,.,ietor ow..i„g a„ exte..siv^ gyi^um .,,.a,-..yi.. Ca,,e J..e.o.., heisabletosunny plaster at a very low late. ' ' ^ Kvery descri,.tio„ of ealeiued plaster is g,o,„.,|, fro,,, t ord..,a.y eoa.-se planter for ho„se purposes to .he extia s„pe,h„e r...,„i,.ed for .leutists use. Oypsu.u is also giouud to aeo„si.h.,ableex.e„t lor agricultural pur- pose. n,.d the yea.-|y .apaeity of the ...ills i« about 25 00.. nl St "a"'," '"'*'"■' "'"' ''"' *"""« «"'""»tofia„d plaste, A der,„.k oi. the eaual l,a..k unloads ba.ges by water-power, causing very li„|,. delay, «nd dun.ps l.e canal n.akes ,t ve,y eonvnient lor parties reoniring Jeavy ...atenal such ,u. soapstone, cemJ.,t, n.arbj, etc.! etc, gro„..d, the n.ills bei..g always prepared to takethi description of wo,k. and tl.t.oagersf.a,^^ercatchesadista,.t view of thetowe.-8 and battlonents of the gra.,d old northern City ' Before reaching the tow,,, " \\^olfe's Cove " will be pointed o,it, to the left, that n.e.norable spot where tul b.ave co,„n,ander landed his (brees uii.ier iover of dark! ITwr,"'*^- ""'"■'"''''-■''' '""«''' 'h^'l'"ttle which uhanged he destiny of the western en.pi.e. The round Martello owe.s, in advance of the defe!.c...s of the Z on the plains of Abraham, first attract attention : all >-ou sweep,,, lull view of the ,lefiant battlements and tower, winch crown the natural walU of old Qnebec- oLTlM' "'"'"" ''"■"""""-^^•■"-•'•e jealous nations contended for supre.nacy, and shook its rocky throne with the .oar and clash of contcding armies. QUEIIKC Was founded in lOOS, by San.uel de Chainplai,,, on the s... of the India,, village of Stadacona. No cit; on the Continent so i.npre^, the tourist, by the startling p.'C.. bar, ,es „f the site and novelty of i'ts general aspe t" 1 biy ,u eye „„d ,„en,ory. A massive wall of hewn """' ';' ""'"•'>■ l'"-"" '"il"" i.. gth, and varyi.ig, l,„t v.-rywhere „f forbidding height and thicknL,''w tl, be t ; ." T: '•'■ "^'*"--.. gates, enclose" the better portion of I ppor Town. The CITAIIKI, \\'ill ,M.rhaps prov.- the point of greatest intc v.t to n,«ny, •on, the h.storical asso..iatious connected the ewith a, d ;'''.tl....H that it is considered an in,p..egn«br;l;;re;: .•■.v..n. ui. enclosed a.ea of forty aces, a,„l is some t\'u: hundred and forty leet above the ,iver level The Zigzag passage thro,,,!, which you enter the fortress, M ween h,«|, ,„d ,„assive granite walls, is swept a -y ..rn by ,„r.n,dable batteries of heavy guns. On the .,dda,g nver walls at each angle or possible com- ..Ml ding points guns of heavy calibre sweep every avenue of approach by the river. Ditches, b,e^.stworks and .ow,,,,,g batteries con,,,.a,,d the app,oaches by land from hnned I la,„H ol Abraha,,,.- The precip,tous bl.ifts, i-i.-.g almost pe.pe„dicul«rly Iron, the river, three ;;::';'■•' ':'>.'^'^M-.ntanatu.-alba,...ier'v^;:i: may be swept w,tl. niur.le.ous lire, „,id the covered ca be of guns, mctars, howitzers and munitions of war, w.ll be v,ewed with eager interest. Among the place of mterest may be mentioned: ' The Plains of Abrahan,. with its monnnient, n.ark- i.'g he pjace where fell the illustrious Wolfe anJMj^;::;;r'''^"'''''''^'''''^"'°""-"*''^v'o.n. n^ety""'"" "■'"'■" "■"""' ^""-"■'■'^"" ««'".ral Montgo- ^^The^r^...an Catholic Cathedral with its „.any fine old The Episcopal Cathedral. i.. '^Irwoil'd ""'''' '■'"'" '''"''■'' '" """ "'' """ ^"''^ '■''■''■' Houses of Parliament. Spencer Wood, the .-esideuce of the Licit. Governor. Laval [Iiiiveisity, ic, &.c. I.. Quebec living is eonipaiatively cheap, and hotel ace^mnodation is asgoo.l as any Canadian citj'can funi st Ihere are seve,«l mnmr hotels, and some extensive ones such as the two newly fu,-,.isl.ed, vast hotels-the S ' Lorn, ,,,,,, ,.,,,,.„ „„,.^^^ LdtheAlllH;!: kept by the popular caterer to the co.nforts of travellers .-. K.rw,,,, which'have, of course, from their siz he fi.s ohnin on the traveller's attention ; a.id the ml, o visiters at these hotels during the suinn.er .nouth s ffi The city and environs aboun.l in drives varying from 58 ESTAHLISUIiO 1825, I AND St. Gatriel Lock, Laehiae Oaaal. J. A. CONVERSE, i»i=Loi»pi.iiii»rc>R^. Office, 347 St. Patrick street. POST OFFICE ADDRESS, DRAWER 54. BIOTV^r"! * E A_l_,. 60 •4 •^i!l IWtncKVIM.K AdHln (.TrRAI, WoRKs Jt'l^'^l' "'T' ","• *""""'" * ""•• •""•""' "'" ""'-'"- ZT'. T \ ""l''«'"""""«'N,ni,I.VK,.||H. H „|. ge A . 1.., ..„r,l. on.r.M.kvill,.. AMh.ir l.u„n,.„ li.-lor,e..e,v,ng,.n,|,,,ip,.i,,„,,..,,.l,M.,.i„«|i„,i...l N.lleon.,.o,„.t of i„ ext.enu.|y .„v„n,M,. ,..,si,i„' their fiutory u,„| rontenU nt Smith', FalU Je'',;,';; ''"'"""• ' •». • "g,u..-uoioi.u„u„f , null . '=;•"""•'"'=«' "itl. « ,l..s..ri,,„.,„ „f tl„. Ihcre „ a funmoo l,„,ldi„g |, „„ „,t. nor. , .i,|,. „f fy for .„oIt ng five touH of iron ea.l, .l«v. Tl„. „ir or I i^':rr:^ ■;''-''-'...ISrnrrov«n,n ,J , « n n. de the ,ho,., „ vi,i,or will hnd. genernllv about th,r,y „„.„ «t work, ,he Hoor ..overed ;ifh „ ] hJ ni.pln.nces used for n,ouhhng; ,. h,g.. or,n« J.. . ■ .o.»fng ten to., standn in tin- eentri, .nd two , furnace,, for n.e t,„g hr«„ „„d gnn nn.nl ,or pit n n boxe8, are placed in convenient WotionH ' Crowing the roa.l running a-'roM the h„ hetwet, the mon n,g , hop and niain building, which latt!:*:." this budding, containing in one end four ■' rumbles " for cleaning castings, and ia the other „ part of larg .took of wrought iron which i, nnnually u,ed. H.Z going into the main building we will notice the bo liouse, an edihce 38 x 24 ft., bnilt separately from all (he 2 -cl used for holding the boiler 'in the'lowe t r • •irying 20,(mo feet of lumber at once. The h^nt is con^niunicated to this room by .team pipe, a,7 two ..ge flues whicl. lead from the outside w'ali upThro g, e furnace; these flues, taking the «ir from thl: onts j! heat It in Its pasMge through the largo fire box, an, pour a large volume of hot air info the room above O the side of the boiler house i. a steaming apparatus fo preparing the bent stuff used on self-rakfng \Z 2. forms, an.l the felloes of the rake wheels ^ f^.tering the blacksmith shop we find sixteen men at work at eight forges, which forges are supplied with air by /iiioiher " lllowi'i- " ..r ii, r 11. """*" ol ih(> same iiattcni ii» ,,„a described ttb,ive. Tlii-i ihoi. 4(i . /m r I , the .,.,ml . . , ' ' * ^" *"'''' '" »'''l"i"U to '< " "»1 complement of tool,, form,, etc., re,,n,ie,l i„ us clH„ „, w.,K, has a very huge ma,iive punc i « a, '"""'"«"""■' •.'•"P-hleof, rking theheav s -N re,u,red ,.n the agncdu.ral m.chinej and i i r«u, bolt machines, e,r„ are almost always in „«•. M..ntel,lac smith .hop we enter the machine, or I the looni and hist see the /5„.horse power eiig ue " nty long, the ent.re floor is covered with lathes ^fhs by benches htted with vices, and other ..e.^essarv "l;|. nnces, used by the workmen en,p|«ved. FourUeil .ub.l iron pillars, eight inches m .li'meter andfifJe ""'""" '"'"^ "' "vry eonceiv, direction It i 7 -v ";'e.e„iug sight, one often admired In ■ lors ,, , d T main sbalt revolves at a speed of o,ie hundre. e .' ITT";"" '^ '"'-'-"y"'' 'his shafting is : ""■- "' which It I, supported. A bracket in each l"lh.r IS made so adjustable as to be readily niovcl eiti, "f ;;"';'""'""■ Hideways. Mn these bracket '" 7'".'''' "'^ ^^''"" '■•■volves are p|, ,,. The boxes T -.e.„s..ch„..p.a,toi.estupo„api ig ha. allows o( the nicest adjustment, and in fact the M.gea„b„n,ovedinsixdi.lerent.lirections,and 'H.ih absolutely a.vnra.e in line an.l bearing Adjoining the lathe room is one of the wood shon, ''■: '■""«"■/" thecals of all interested. The mo ■7.7'hlc machine in this room i, a tire sette wit "..• two iiien set eighty rake wheel tiers per 2 :i-;i:7u::;;-z^^^^^^^^^ •'-.ufaetMrc.r at Oananoqne, R. P. Co/ton, E , 1 commenced the construction and sale of them, tak ,^ h- .Irnwings from the one in use by Messrs. fCiU I lu one corner ot this room, occupying a space seven y--t.'|;u,eet.is„ne„f,HisM.LrEle;2C: <'h the firm at an expense of nearly two thousand 'I' "rs This elevator will hoi,t five tons .t on frl •■"■"■ •" ^""■••"f' »t « '-Pee.l of forty feet a niim.te "l .rge enough to receive one threshing machine „ni Pl.ttfoim, and from the well in which it works landing de 1 ,s elevator is an immense convenience, and on 't we will ascend to the floor above. Goingout into the mun wood a op, a room a. large as the' lath ro^m heneath, we fin.l a host of carpenters at work npo^ 60 (I'llli III nn oils t, in mliliijiiii f„ tc, r('i|iiiri'i| ill •' ■•iiiicliiiig ami Ig Hl(. llCKVIllIlt '•«. «ii *^'ESiS"^' ■ rs| "itjuai ^i. 1^- IS*' ^ 'r'-R#« »Wl>t! S^"' S^l^'%; 'S"" '"'°' -H^o'sl•!.^°4Jl^^i Jooth^^^^^^ Hay Rake, ^tmufactoiy and Primped Office, Branch lirripo and IK..-OI.,. BROCKV/fJIt OflTiriio '■"' ""^"'^ ■ 1^»« """"-' •«.. «- a. .,„„•. Market. m^TRBALPQ. I niii'kcyos, Tliivaliing Macliines, Illiaca RakpH, Rraiwr I'latf'oiiiis, Ac. Nearest to us, tlie Hiickcyt's me licinj; testfil, liy liiuiiisr a licit put on the tlriviiig wlu'cl aud the ireai-iiii; luu at a greatei- spciul thau over it eau lie woilied ill the Held. No uiuehiue leaves the works witiioiit hiiug tliuroughly examined in this practical niniiiicr, aud for a length of time fully suftleient to prove its ailiiistiiient to he peifeet. The cutter hius are iittacheil, and the knives' worked, the same as in (he Held. 'Phe great eare manil'esteil in tliis, is one seerel of the success of their business, and the popularity their inililemeiits enjoy. Another reason is, that nothing lint the hest mateiial is ii.sed in constructing every jiart of the various impleuients ; the personal supervision of the firm is given to this, and every possilile jirecnutiou taken lo avoid the use of poor or imperfect slulT. ' Ne.vt to the wood shop, and in front on the same floor, is the pniiilers riioiiilifty Iiy one hundred feet in size, one ot the (iiiesi rddjiis fur the |)Uipose that can he found in any maimfactory in the Dominion. As is the wood shoii, tliis room is fitN'en feet high ; it acconnnodates a very large nnmlier of machines, aud the work can he done to the best advantage, the diflerent coats being put on u room full at once. From the paint shop two inclined bridges run to tlie second and third storeys of the store- house, where as fast as tiuished the niachiues are placed until wanted for slii|iment. This store house is located parallel to the main building, but distant, thirty feet ; the building is one hundred and si.vty feet long and thirty feet wide. We have not yet said anything about the third storey of the main building which is used principally to store the hundreds of patterns owned by the tirni. These patterns arc valuable, as from them they can cast jiarts of any style of machine made by them during the last twenty- five years, and also an almost endless variety of mill gearing, of which they have constructed a large amount in the pa.st ; lately, however, their greatly increased mowing machine and rake trade has absorbed all their time and energies, and prevented the firm giving any attention to mill work. A fine cellar under the building is divided into com- partments for storing oil, nulls and finished castings. Here lines of bins are ranged in long tiers, filled with the various parts of their machines; to and from this stock, boys arc wheeling barrow loads either from the machine shop or to the ^'denslMirg, N.y. The Company was organized on the ;trd day of January, ls>7ri, and ob- tained their charter from the Dominion Parliament on the U-'trd day of May, in the same year. If is a limited stock company with ample capital, and is doing ft thriving business. das. Irwin, Ivsij., (then Mayor of I'rescott,) was elected President; Dr.W. U. UroiiHe, M.l'., Vice-1'ivsident ; J. P. Wiser, Ksij., Treasurer ; Dr. K. A. Hulbeit, Secretary; and I.. If. Crandell, Esq., General .Alanager. The manufactory is on the south side of Water street, and extei ds to the IJiver, with convenient wharves lor shipping by water, and is only three blocks from the Depots of the (iiiiud Trunk aud the St. Lawrence and Ottawa Ifailways. The buildings are of stone, the first floor of main build- ing being used for chipiiingand smoothing castings,— the emery wheels, grind stones, and various other machines being on this Hat. 'i'he second Hat is for wood working machinery, adjoining which is the blacksmith shop with its powerful trip hammer, etc. The third llatis occupied as a lathe room, with engine lathes, drilling and boring muchineH, bolt machinery, etc. The fourth flat coiilaiim ihe painting and finisliiiig rooms,whcre theliual touches are put on and the macjiines sent to the storehouse. The dilfereut Hats are con- nected by a steam elevator, aud every available spot is made useful, Adjoiningthe main biiildiug is the commodious foundry, and on the opposite side the engine house ; near by are thostori' houses forlumber,andon the wharfs store hous* for machines, lao x (JO. Only the Warrior Jlower and Po'lttll Harrow are liiiilt at this est'iblishment, and the Company claim to build more mowers th.iii any other estHblishmeiit in Canada. five to thirty miles, in addition to being (in (he direct line of travel to tlie Hir filmed Sagiienay, Murray Hay, Ku- niourasktt, Cacoiiua, Himoiiski, Oaspcv and other noted watering places. (Quebec can minister abundantly to the tastes of those who like to yacht, fish, or shoot, yachting, in fact, has become of late (piite an institution. Li't us see what the city contains : -First, the west wing, built about I7S9 by (lovernor Ilaldimand, to en- large the old Chateau burnt down in January, JS34. U2 iiig a j)c'i-son!il 1)0 I'oiidiictcd ilosciibed, and 'iilily is batter (' is lociited at iiks of tlio St. rill! Coiiipaiiy ls73, and ob- iuinciil un rlio ,) waH elected vsideiit ; J. P. t, .Secretary ; r. Waler Htreet, ent wharves ocks from the .awrence and jf iiiaiiibiiild- astiiigs, — the lor machines WARRIOR MOWER* Send y'or' Circ7/lar. TIIEI^X IX TJ^E. IWWmjQQtJgBT^, . . umm puivERiziNfi harrow .» a o 09 0) a CO- CO zr 3 o i o o c OP 3- It IS the best HARROW in the-Worid. Easy for the Driver' Li^htfn..^ -r Thi« ,re„t i,„prov..„„.„. i„ H„r™„, j,„, „„,,„ „;„, , , ,^ . , ^ ' , ' ^'^^ '^'^'^^'^ " Light for thc Team ! MANUFACTUREn n\ 'vuv " ^^^ "-^vx,urAl.lLltlit» li\ THE I*R.ESSCOT"r, 03VT. ^^- ^- ^KANDELL, General Alanager. an m III I m If T. CREVIER. The .stovf factory of Mr. T. Crovicr, Montreal, is one oftlie oldrst establisliiMl in the city, ami i(a ropiitatioii for turning ont first-class stoves cxtcniKs tliroiijjiiont the Dominion, anil is thoronifhly well tioscrvcil. The factory was establishf9, it was the chief hospital for the wounded and the dying during the memorable battle of the l.tth September— Arnold and his Continentals found protection against the rigors of a Canadian winter behind its walls in 177,')-0 ; the Hotel-Dieii nunnery, close to Palace Gate, dating more than two liundred j'cars buck. As to the views to be obtained from Durham Terrace, the Gla( is and the Citadel, they are nnicpie in grandeur each street hat. its own familiar vista of the surroundiu" country. It is verily, us Henry Ward Beecher well ex- presses it, "like turning over the leaves of a picture- book." Tlie Montnimency Falls, a magnificent sight at almost all seasons of the year, are situated about nine mil.s from the city. Between them and Quebec is the B. , . port Lunatic Asylum, the largest and finest building of the kind in the I'roviuce. Many tourists and excursion- ists, alter viewing the old northern capital, and its ro- mantic and beautiful surrouridings, will imrsue the jour- ney still further down the great St. Lawrence to that wonilerfid river the Saguenay, which enters the St. Lawrence one hundred and twenty miles below Quebec. MONTREAL TO OTTAWA. Thi! best route from Montreal to Ottawa, the Capital of the Dominion, is to take the train to Lactine, which leaves the Bonaventuru street Depot every nH)rmng (Sunday excepted) at seven o clock, and there stepping on boanl the steamer rrinn of Wales or steamer Prin- crss, sail up the river. By this route wo have a better opportunity of seeing th<^ beautifid scenery of the St. r^awnuice and ( »ttawa rivers as they first meet. Jt is a bright morning and the sun glam;es slantingly along the njnjestic waters, tinging with gohlen light the tips oftlie wavelets as they rise, one aller the other, to greet his rays. A faint mist like a delicate veil, spreads over the bosom of the river, on which one or two islets repose, as childhood sleeps on its mother's bosom, yet it does imt conceal the enchaniing beauty of the scene, but adds grace and loveliness to the charms, which it vainly strives to hide. li is soon dissolved, and the light breeze which has sprung up, carries it all away. Away we go, stenuning the current, ami in due time, we reach Ste. Anne's where are a succession of rapids which we avoid by going through a lock. More islets are here, round which the Ottawa liubbles and struggles in its course, while the i)retty village of Ste. Anne's re- )ioses in .(uiet beauty upon the bank. This village is considered the starting i>oint for the Ottawa river, by all luthodo.x ivj/iu/nirs, as the last church on the island of Montreal is situated here, and is, iiuueover, dedicated to tlu'ir tutelary saint, li'om wl also the village takes its nam.'. Kmerging (rom the canal, again we enter the (tttawa, having left the St. Lawrence far astern, and after sailing about two miles, we find the shores recede on either baud, to about eight miles wide, and this reces- sion .■ontinnes tin' a distau('e of ten miles, for we are in the Lake of the Two Mountains, so called from two mountains on the north side rising four to five hundred feet from the water. The river divides here into four branches, that which we have Just come up, another whii'h diverges towardsthe north-e.ist, and forms tJie west- ern boundary of tile island of ^Montreal, the third called the Dutchman's Clifwil, and the fourth passing V'^andreuil around the Isle Perrot. Tiiero is the Isle Jesns, and beside it Pigeon's Island, on which are the ruins of m Indian village, also Isle aux I'ruiie. For tlie piirpo- ,4' guarding against the incursions of the Indians, the French built a fort on the Island of Montreal, opposite to the village, but both village and fort have now fallen into decay, and large trees are growing inside the ruined walls (»f the latter. A few miles further on we arrive at a fine new wharf nanu'd Oka, situated in the Indian vil- lage of tin- Two Mountains. This village is iidiabited by the remiiants_ of two tribes, the Iroquois and the Algon- (piins,as the village of Caughnawaga, opposite toLachine, is by a remnant of the Iroipiois. Now we sto[) at the vil- lages of Como ami Hudson. Both these villages are the resortof someof our Montreal friends who pass the sum- mer months there with their families. At the head oftlie Lake oftlie Two Mountains the banks contract, so that, the river is not more than half a mile in width, and it continues thus nan ow for about a mile, when there is again an expansion, for the length of nine miles, forming 64 • I w. liere 8(;op|iing itemner I'lin- Imve a bi'ftcr ry of tlie St. iioet. It is 11 gly aloiig tlie lie tips of the , to greet liis i'ikIh over the ets repose, ii8 it it does not lie, hut adds vainly Htrives breeze which in due time, lion of rapids More islets and struggles te. Anne's re- 'liis village is 1 river, by all the island of dedicated to lage takes its we enter the r astern, and iliores recede rid this reces- for we are in hI from two five hundred ere into four up, another rnistJie west- ■ third called ig V^aiidreuil le JesuH, and ! ruins of rii le piirpo- u( Iiidiuns. the eal, opposite re now fallen le the ruined we arrive at e Indian vil- iiihabited by I the Algon- i toLachine, ip at the vil- liges are the ass the sutn- ? head of the ract, go that •idth, and it hen there is ilcs, forming ST, iliif FiiMiifT^ 99, CRAIG STEEET, MONTREAL. T CEEVIER, MANUFACTURER OF :!■ ! I Hot Hail Puiuaces, lis, if-c, (f-C, cf-c. ORDERS FOR TIN, SHEET & GALVANIZED IRON ROOFS REPAIRS POMPTLY ATTENOEO TO. SJIMPLE JLNI) S^LHJ JtOOJIS, 539 Craig' Street and 97 Craig Street, FOUNDRY, 99 CRAIG STREET. 66 V !■ ■:: ft T. W. CURRILRACO., Manufacturor8 of doors, sash, blinds, mouldings, wero ,-s- tablishod in Ottawa in l^t\7. This is the largest door, sash and blind factory in the Ottawa Valiey, giving employ.nent to over one hundred men, turning out over twelve tliousand door and several thousand window blinds, and sashes during the year. Doing a business of over one hundred and (ift> thousand dollars yearly. Tlid factory is situated on Canal Basin. Their bmldings are numerous, covering some ten acres of groinid, using fifty-horse steam power. This factory is betf.'r supplied with all of tile mostapprove.l machineiy, for the iiianufaetiire of doors, sash, blinds and moulc'ings of every des.iiptloii, than any other house in the Otta\va Valley. the Upp.M- r.ake of the Two Mountains. On the southern hank is the mo .iitain Rigaud, where there is also a set- tlement of the same 'name. Tho river again eoiitiaets to tlie l)readtli of h:df a niilo, and eontiniies, .sometimes roader, sometime.s as narrow, until we reach Carillon. Great improvements have been niaportunitics of examining the pictur- esque banks of the river on both si.l.'s, until we come close up to the city. AI)out two miles h,.l„vv Ottawa, on the north side, the Gatineau ..mpties it,self into tho Grand River A few miles up this stream the Canada Iiw Mining and Manufacturing Company have erect.'.l very extensive furnaces for the purpose of smelting the iron on- '.oin th..ir Hull Mine. This is likely to be /ery import;.:! branch of trade in the new Dominion. See youd.r. that white curtain hanging over the steep bank on tlo south SKle. As we near it, it changes and we can see if is not a curtain, but a waterfall, being none other than the Ri.leau Falls. There it falls, gracefully as flowing drap- cry falls from the shoulders of a queen, a most beautiful sight. The body of water is not so large, and the height 66 «l T. C CURRIER &C0^ MANDPACTDBEES OF AND DEAiEBS IN ,1 PLANED LUMBER, AND ALL KINDS OP WOOD BUILDmc^lATE R I AL. Pine Lumber, Black Walnut, Birch. Maple, Ash and Basswood, (WELL SEASONED) SMagte, 2£. XK a^^d ^2^X. Lath aad Scantlmg, BRIOeE ANO ByiLOINS TIMBER CUT TO ORDER. 03V OI^APBOABDS, Orooved and BeveUed, VERANDAH ROOFING, Boors, Sash ani Mavxatngs, common sizes. I BX.13Xri>S MADE TO OIll>:p,n. TURNING, SCROLLSAWING, PLANING, fc Done to OrdAr M#i»ii mi^«* _ . _ lines ana uespatch. «si IV ^ci I > I r] t •' .I'l m 41 I! ^ ■ DOMINION BRASS W .UKS. The Dominion BrasH Works, of wliioli Messrr Cut lil>ert & Son are propriotors, wore egtubli8lied in ISiid, ut JOl and 103 Queen street, Montreal, and now give eniploy- nient to about forty hands. Tlie hniMings are Hiib^itantiai stone structures two and u half storeys high, and tiiorough- ly well fitted with all machinery and appliances for brass- founding, gas and steam fitting, plumbing, etc. A spe- cialty is made of brass castings, heavy and light, w.'iich are promptly and satisfactorily done. CURUIE BOILER WORKS, TheCurrie Boiler Works, i'splanade street nearChurch, Toronto, of which Mesi. 's. Neil, Currie & Co. arc pro- prietors, were established in I>rt3, and are the iurg^st boiler works in Toronto, cov) , Sig more groinid and giving constant employment io iofty or tifty i!i< :i. !,.,uiy of whom have been connected with the vvoia (.om tl'e'r commencement, as the firm li.;lieves that good \->:k cf only be turned out by good men. and that piRctis.-i" iiaii.i^ are better than greenhorns. The liictoiy U well m:-,- i i with machinery of the newest and most ait!)roveil k'r'.'i and turns out work whidi is second to nom- in poiht of excellence. of the fall", 30 feet, is not so great as to warrant tlie appellation grand, but what it wants i i ('rundeur is amply mad.- itp in bc;u.'y. Gently, gracefully, tlie water poms over, and niiiigk » ith that of the (Jttawa beneath, witli just as much nois.- as is necessary to add to the efl'eet. We obtain a fine vinv of it as the steamer pusses close by. Looking ahead, w f now get u splendid view of the Parlfament and Departmei.t;il Buildings, standing out so prominently on the bluff called Jltijor's Hill. These buildings only reipiire to be visited to be apprticiated. All we can say is go and sec for yourself, dear reader. And now 've reach Ottawa City, picturesquely built upon three si^parate bluffs or ledges fomiing the river bank of the souih side. Right before ns is an imposing scene, second only to Niagara in grandeur and magnifi- cence. The Cliaudiere Falls are immediately above the city, and there with thundering cadence, the waters percipitate themselves down the precipice of forty feet in height, and gathering into a basin, Imil, and seethe, and hiss, and whirl around in mad excitement, while the spray arises and the sunbeams gleaming upon it form an almost perjietual rainbow. A fine bridge spans the river just below the Falls, from which a magnificent view of them is obtained. Beside the Grand Full there is also Little Chaudiere on the northern side, and here a curi- ous phenomenon presents itself The great portion of the waters which precipitate down the latter, find their way underground where none can trace their course. The fol- lowing description, quoted from Itonchette, will give us some idea of the singular scene. lie says, " The Little Chaudiere may, without much din^ci-k.v, be approached from the Lower Canaila shore, and the spectator, stand- ing on a level with the top of the Fall, and on the brink of the yawning gap into which the Hoods are l!.iidion(.i; pliJinjed, surveys the whole length of W; -A, o;id the dt'jtths of the cavern. A consideiablo s'drrioii if flie wat rs of the Falls necessarily escapes iiiiitiiriao'^ously, after their precipitation, as a much greaur vii'uine is impelled over the rock I'lat fiiidn m visible i -. \r. jtiu'ced tliial 'ut in not peculiar to the Lit> itiCliaudioio, but id one of tliMso curious chararieis of this ; .it of tin- jttawa of which olher singular ii'^fiMces are observed) the waters in various j. laces bein..' .-u 'lowed by deep but narrow rents .in.] n-nres, leav iiu i^cir natural bed almoHt iVy, to (las'i on through some siibterraiie"us pas*'ijo that defies the search of fhe ex|dorer. Tlier, are ii' tin FulU of the Chaudiere materials for much geoiigicjil specuiatiun.iiiid the mere admirer of nature's scenic wo!i; ts and ini'gui- ficence will derive much gratificat;* n and deliprht < y the survey and conteniplation of their maniluld beauties." On till- iiortheiii bank, a slide has been made, so that thu iimbcr can be sent from above to below the foaming waters without endangering, iMllier it being broken by abiiipt and rude collision with kindrcii logs below, or iili.ittered upon the rock. Tiiese slides ire frequent in the I Ipiier Ottawa, the rocky state of iLi- nver necessitat- ing their construction ; and they are ad'i •ably adapted, carrying down the logs of timber safely, ai.^! without any damage to prevent a sale in the market. liiitto return to the (iity. ItTVAWA, Like Quebec, is divided into Upper and Lower Towns; although some make three divisions, adding the Middle, and perhaps this last division hii^ the advantage of being more correct. The Upper Town, as its name iinjdies, occu- pies the highest part of the rocky banks, and the Middle and Lower Towns are contented with a less elevated posi- tion. The Rideau Canal joins the Ottawa River, through a gorge between the towns by a succession of locks. This canal connecta the Ottawa with Kingston and Lake Ontario, throngh a series of lakes and streams. It is 135 miles long and forms a triangle with the >St. Lawri'iice and the Ottawa rivers. The L'pper terminus is about ISO miles from Jloiitreal while the Lower is IL'O miles. A handsome bridge spans the gorgi- and forms a connec- tion between the towns. As a city, Ottawa has perhaps the most beautiful and picturesque situation of any in the Province. Built beside the maguihcent Chaudiere, upon a rocky elevation, commaiKliiiga fine view of the sur- rounding country, as far as the eye can rea '' is almost eipial to Quebec itself. The fine fai-stretc( npaign, opened up to a great extent by hardy sr '.». , >. .lo have cleared for themselves a home t fli'" < ihe villages lestling among the trees, the deep ■■■■■■ .'a extending on either hand as yet apparently n. . ■ '^iiofi by the wood- man's axe and the magnificent river. <■'] command by turns the delighted attention, and ■i!' Jc-.tli unmiiigled exclamations of pleasure. The city ica. ' • iv.ll built, 08 f if CURRIE BOILER WORKS These Works were Establiaiicd in 1853. New and SecondrH^r^^^ and Engines, Upright and Horizontal, from Fonr to Forty Ilorsc Power, Turning Lathes, Drilh-ng Machinery and other Machinery. On hand and For Sale. Boilers for Hot Houses and for Steaming Cattle Feed A SPECIALTY. ALSO Currie's Pacent Foam Preventer and Fuel Saver. NEIL CURRIE & CO., J^SFLA.J^ADE STREET, Wk>:J St. Hoiiavifiitiirc strt'i't, Moiitri'jil. Tliu biiild- iiigH aro of brick, throi' Hturt'yH in liciglit, covcriiijjtweiity- cight thoiisaiul (cft of ground. This ii* the largest fiiriiitiiru liictory in tiiu city, giving eniiiloynu-nt to Croni onu Imndri'il to oiu! Iiuudrud and tvvinity-live men during tiie yiiar. Tlie tiuiiiture nianuliicturi-cl liert' is of a 8U|ii'rior (|uulity, anil is sold all over the Doniiiiiun. Fifty-horse steam power is used in tiie lactory. THE aVNAUA SCREW COMPANY Wascstabhshed in ISdfi. Tliis is the only gimlet serew e.om[)any in the Dominion. Tho buildings are built of briek, three storeys in height, giving employ- ment to fifty or sixty hands. The factory is situated at Dundas, covering over one acre of groimd. The Com- pany turns out from five to seven liundred gross of gimlet screws per day, using thirty-five horse steam power, and is doing an extensive business all over the Dominion. and the elevation of the ground has been taken advantage of to heighten tiie eft'ect. The County nnihliiigs, several banks, good hotels, and ehurclies of various denominiitiuus are situated here. What the Rideau Canal does for Kingston, the Ottawa and Prescott Railroad does forPrescott — forms acomioc- ting link with Ottawa City. This line is fifty-four miles in length, and connects at Prescott with the Oraiul Trunk Railway, and also, by means of n ferry, with Ogdensburg on the United States shore, whence a rail- road extends as fur as New York. From Ottawa, many very pleascnt excursions can be made into the country, both by stages and steamboats running to different parts, so that every fSicility is afforded for enjoying to the utmost extent the romantic scenes which abound on every side. The only difficulty one hag is created by the want of time to go over the country thoroughly. Looking at the Ottawa altogether, it is perhaps one of the finest and most picturesque of all the rivers of Canada ; and when we consider that it drains a country of about 80,000 superficial miles, we cannot but think that many more years will not pass over, without a vast change for the better in the land. Clearances effected, and comfortable farms and dwellings erected on a soil abundantly fertile, with still a background of unlimited forest for the successful prosecution of the lumber trade ; when we look at all these fiicts, the conclusion to which we must inevitably come is, that i-uosperity is written in legible characters upon the broad expanse stretching around us. The establishment of the seat of Qovern- nipnt at Ottawa will also tend to open up the country, and the increase will be great. TORONTO, F(JRMKRLY YORK, ( Capital of Ontario, and one of the most flourishing cities in the Dominion, is situated on a beantifid circular bay, on the N. W. shore ol Lake Ontario, in York Co., S'M mile* W.8.W. of Montreal, IGI miles from Kingston, .09 ndle» N. by E.of Hnniilton, and 'mo miles N.W. of Washing- ton. Lat. 4.3« 49' 4' N., lon.79S 7I'5" W. Mean tempera- tiireof the year 4 l>^4 ; winter 20*4 ; summc^r C;i«8 Fahren- heit. The bay is entered by a narrow opening, and issepa- rated from tlie lake by a low peninsula about miles long, enclosing a beautiful basin li mile in diameter, forming a safe and well sheltered harbor, capable of containing a large number of ves-sels. The peninsula is called Plea- sure Island or Oilbraltin- Point, and is a favorite resort during the sunimi'r months. The site of the town is Irw, but rises gently from the water's edge,— the observatory being lOS feet above the Lake. Tlie streets generally cross each other at right angles, some almost running parallel with the buy, and intersected by others which have a N. and .S. direction, im^liuing slightly to tho W., the whole forming nearly a parallelogram. The princi- pal streets running K. and W. in the denser portions of the city are Front, King, Richmond, Adelaide and Queen streets; and of the cross streets, Yonge, Church, Bay, and Y'ork streets. Kingand Yonge streets are the thorough- fiires, and contain the largest number of stores. The city generally is built of a light colored brick, of a soft, pleasing tint. The public buildings of the city are sub- stantial in workmanship, and some of them beautiful in architectural design. Sfany of the stores, especially the wholesale stores, and private dwellings, are quite pala- tial in their outward aspect and interior structujv It is the seat of Law and Provincial Government, ..ml the headquarti^rs of the P^ducational Department of Ontario. The principal buihlings in comiection with these are Os- goode Hall, a fine classic structure, containing all the Superior Law Courts of the province ; the Parliament buildings, of jdain exterior, but with handsomely deco- rated and furnished legislative chamber, and well equip- ped Qoverumentofriccs ; the Lieut.-Governor's residence, a princely mansion ; the Normal School buildings, of Italian design, containing offices and depositaries of the Council of Public Instruction ; two model schools; one model grammar school and educational museum. There are several handsome common and grammar schools. In connection with higher education there is the University of Toronto, one of the finest buihlings on the continent of America, and reckoned second to none on this side tho Atlantic as a seat of learning. It is of Norimm architec- ture in its principal features, with massive tower and richly sculptured doorway for its main entrance. It is beautifully situated at the western side of tho Queen'H Park, a noble public park for the recreation of the citi- zens, whose spacious avenues are ornamented with rows 70 J. A. I. craTg, raANUFACTURER OP ia Ir! «*30., cfeo., C«30., No.. 473, 475, 477, 479, 481, 483 St. Bonav.nture, I 'a ^lOlVTHEAL. Screw Company's Works, DUNDAS, OIVT., Manufacturers of Qimlet Pointed SCREWS. ADDRESS, AiAiA SSKEW ©OWPAiY, JDiindas Out. W' ■¥'■ CIIARLKH GUILDS, MaiMifiictiirfr of bout niitl hIiop Inits, di.'s for ciUting HoIc loiitlicr, iiitjxr loatlier, cnvflopoi, boxos, cuflii nml ! Jill, . tollai-N, uImo iijiiimCiK'tiircr of stpcl shanks for bool ami mIioi's. The factory and ollu'c are situated at X" ' Qnccii Ntn'.'t.conicrofOttawastreot, Montri-al. Tin i». toiy \v»N cKtaliliMhed In ISdC, and is tlit- largest ai.il oisly one of till' kinil of imy nolo in the Doiuiniii The bnildingH are of bricks three storeys in height. From twenty-five to thirty njen find iniploymcnt in (in. entcr- j)ri«ing estrtl)lislMnent. Twenly-liorgo stoniu |>ower is used in tlic (aetory. COWAN & BKITT( IN. The nail and bingo factory of Messrs. Cowan & Dritton, (ianano()ne, waf cstabliHli'il in 18)51, (.nd now employs a larttenundjer nl hands. Tii factory is situated at the continence of the Uiiiiunoqiie and St Lowrence rivers, and the buildings, which are KalMtantiaily built of brick, cover nhont half an ncre ef [trinnd. This is the only binge factory in the Dominion, mul the quality tnnied out is very UDod. Tressed nails are also lade a specialty and conii)iire liivorahly witli other fai'torios. of stately trees. Ju tiie centre of the Park, is n finely modelled and well executed bronze statue of Her Majes- ty (^lu'en Victoria by Mursliall Wood, England, and a short distance from this there is a moriunicnt, erected m honor of those Toronto Volunteers who sacnr.'ed their lives in defense of their country during the first attempted invasion off'anada by the Keniims (ISOr,.) Trinity Colli ge is another educational institution in connection with the Episcopali.in Cimrch ; and there is also Knox College, (t the theological training of stuilents in connection with tlie Canada Presbyterian Church. The Upper Canada College isnn extensive range of buihlingsand has a high repute as a grannnar school and boarding school for boys. There n two schools ofmedicine in Toronto, each havinganetlicieu stall' of professors. There is also an ably conducted Vete- rimiry College. The public institutions are immcroutand many of theliuildings appropriated for their purp' s have strikinp leatures of arcliitcctun.1 oeauty. Amongst these may be enumerated the Lunatic Asylum, tho Crystal Pa- lace, for holding the Provincial Agricultural Exhibitions ; the IJoys' Home; the Girls' Home: tho House of Provi- dence; the Protestant Orphans' Home) tho Custom House ; the Government .School of Technology ; tlie new Post OflTicc, a fine specimen of the Italian order of architecture. The nLinufacturing interests of To to are varied. There are several extensive iron foundries and engineer- ing establishments, railv y car building shops, rolling mills, several breweries and a mammoth disti'lery, car- riage factories, tanneries, soap works, spice mills, cabinet factories, one of wliich is the largest in the Dominion, car wheel works, machine shops of all kinds, pork pack- ing establishments — one of these in appliances and arran- gonientl for killing nuri curing being modelled after the best Chiengo houses— sewing nicl^ne, sash and door, and boot and shoe factories on an ettnnsivo scale. He- ^■'' 'hese. many other varieties of nmiinfacture and 1 'u.' no iiriedon. Hanking i-* well represented, there b'inn .'hirtoen Hanks in ilie city, six of which have -J .1111^, out of the enterprise of Toronto merchants, and are doing a profitable business. These are, tho Hank of Toronto, tho Royal Canadian Ihuik, the Bank of Com- merce, the Dominion Hank, the Federal Bank and the .St. Lawrence Bank. Tlie other seven have their head oftiees ulstiwhero and art) l>rinches of the Hank of Mon- treal, the Me, , , .. , , ,.. Ontario Bank, the Bank of British i',orth America, the Quebec Bank, Molson's Bank and the City Bank, Insurance offices are numc- lousand their business extensive. The principal public halls are the St. Lawrence and Music Halls, with several minor ones, and a large one with a suite of rooms attached for the Young Men's ChriMlian Association. There is also a Meohanics' Institute, with class roiims, reading room and library. Toronto contiuns 1 synag()giio, md about 47 churches, of which II are church of England, '■' chi.ich of 1{< , Wcsleyan Meihodist, '< Presbyte- rian, and tho remainder divided among the Ba[>ti8ts, CongregationsKsts, New Connexion and Episcopal Me- thodists and other Dissenters. Among the ( liurches most des.Mving ' f nqtioe for their architactnral merits are St. .Limes' (,'athedral (ehnreh of Enghmd . .-.t. Michael's Cathedral (Roman (.'athoii. ;. tho Metropolitan Wesleyan Tiilieriiacle, Knox, Holy Trinity and St. George's churches. There are in the vicinity of the city 4 burying grounds, being Potter's Field, containing G acres ; the Toronto Necropolis, with fifteen acres; St. .lames Cemetery, with (16 acre*— tli< latter-.' at the N K. extremity of the ciiy, and the former \V of Yoiigi street , ami he Roman Catholic Cemofery, in Power street. Forty-oi ■ newspapers and periodicals are pui.iiphed in T. .onto, viz., t daily, 1.5 weekly, 6 sen. iiontbly, monthly, 1 ipiarterly, and :.' annu- ally. The city is widl supplied with water and is lighted with gas ; and has an eHici.'iit fire brigade. Its f • -^ harbor affords great facilities for an extensive traffic. L.iies of steamer.' an daily dui;hg navigation to all die lake .ports and oris on the River St. Tuwren e. Five lineal of railwar-. run through the city— -he Grand Trunk, On,. Vestorn, Nortt.ern, Toroi r and >, Grey and Bruce. Thes. lau- seasons of the yenr witli all otii this continent The value I 'operty in Toronto i.^r the yei, ; d 1S72 was respectively, js?" 82G,<)l,s,. 467; 1871, «29,277,l.%5 ; 1S72, 3:52,04 1,012. The total value of imports for 1872 was 813,098,133 ; exports S2,.. 11,814. P«p. in 1817, 1,200 ; in 1830, 1,0.77 ; in 1842, 15,336; in 1846, 19,706; in • 1S62, 60,703 in 1801, 44,821 ; and hi 1871, 50,092. Toronto was founded by Governor Simcoe in 1794. Parlia- Nipissing, ways coi places of of real ai, 1870, 1871, ' ToroT at .>rt,' rsoiiiii 72 CHAS. CHILDS. .\iani:facturer op Boot md S/toe Ms, Dies For Cutting Sole Leather, Upper Leather, Envelopes and Paper Collars. Also, Manufacturer of Steel Shanks for Boots & Shoes. No. 112 QUEEN STREET, .'lopes, Boxes, Cuffs COWAN & BRHTON, flANANOOUE. ONTARIO. Manufacturers of i-inishing,Zi^c and Iron .ho- Nails (L.ght and Heavy; Barn Door Hinges, Wrought Iron Pncc. and Te™« .,„ „,w., ., ...„p„re favou.Hbi, .ith other Make. ught Iron Wasiiers, &e., ii^e. O/rlers Solicitrd and Q -, Wc are prepared to Contract to Manufacture #; ii w • 'I '■i %^'* ^- JOHN DOTY. The Portaldc, Siiilioimry uml JIuriiU' V.iv^uv luiil lloiliu' WorknolMr. .loliii Doty im- iiltiititi>il a) No. -j M>lc« wliHrt; foot of Yotiut- Ktivct, Tmimfo. Tlie wtiiku witm (•xlal.liHlif.! ill |s.-,|, ,„|,| „r.. litlfl widi all tli.' iiiimI.'iii imiiroMMiii'lits ill lliacliiliciv In «niirc liiHl-rlaN^ svoik, jjiving i'iii|ili>Miieiit til aliiiiil tlilrfy liamN. |lr, Idity iimk.'« A «|H!< i«lty ol iiiiiiHJit «iig|iiii>i« of fniiii I tn 10 horso p.| liini' In I7!l7. In mi;), it WUM caiiliirt'd i»y tin. Ami'ricHiid, iiinlt'i Ut'iicml I'ikc, who was killi'il in Nti.niiiiiH; tlit> fort, I, i It whh Im'I.I only for a few days. ,siii,',. tlait imtIimI iI„. ^,\ |,i,.s liiado steady progri'SH, and liaH aNxnini.d coii^idfrulde im- portance iiM a mart o( trade ami iiniimerce. In l">.ll it was ineorporaled a city, and its nuiiu. dianged from York to Toronto. CITY OF HAMILTON. Hamilton lies on the Moiitli MJuneol Hiiriington Uii), at tlie woHtern extremity ot Lake (»iit4iri<>. It enrerit a space about two miles in len^ili ol the level wliieli reaches (r..m the Lake shore to the iiioiiiitain, and Is abont a mile anil a half in width. Away to the eaxf stretches a sertion which has RKined a wide cplehriliy OS one of the fiuest fruit countries in the world ; to the south, west and north, lies i, fine riih iiirriiiltiinil terri- tory ; and to tbe iiorth-eaNt st ret oh the broad blue Wat.'is of L.ike Ontario, whiteiud u ilh the swellim,. can- vas of a thousand shii.s, and hearing ujion then boMiun the roinmerce of the two natioiis. The mountain is but the esearpinent to the broad |iI;i|i/mi of Western Ontario, worn down by the ceaseless ihiNli of the waters of the ancient lake. It Hlivtches awav to tl asl, forming the jirecipices over wliii h h^itp gnimlly the thniidering Nia8;ara and the dashing Oeiiesser, and loses itself tinally in the wild savagery of tlie Adiiondacks. North west of the city are Buriiiivton Heivhts, a tall wall of concrete, built up and ce nte.l tojiether hy tlieaclinu of the water, in the suine way tlwit I'.urlingloii lleucli, which separates the Jtiiy from the Lake, is now lieing compacted. (Jii the Heights are still visible the breast- works thrown np during the war of |s|-j, whence issued the force under (Jeneral SlieaHe, which li-ll upon (Jeii- erals Winder and Chandler at .Sloiiey Creek, captured them and routed their army. '• Iteantifiil for situation." Hamilton has also many line hnihiings, public and private ; and the magiiilicent residences, surrounded hy exquisitely kept grounds, in the outskirts of the city, have more than a usual ceU.'brity. The site of the City of Hamilton waHoriumally covered with a denw growth of tall, coarse, serrated Indian grass. The land between e mountain and the hay con»i»ti!d chiefly of deep ruvincH and patches of swamp, allbrding a (iivorite haunt hir ralllediukes which at one time aboiiiiiled here, frogs and ipiail. Th onolony of the '"'" "'• patches i|f the Indian glass was relieved here and III. re by a tall water elm and ehise, h.w and almost iiiipi rhahle shiibbery, which formed a safe retreat for pa-ks of wolv.'s. On the pl„t now occuph'd as the .Market .Sipinre there was a piuticiilarly denie growth of this tliickot which was the renilcivons ot wolves iniHiin..ial.li.. When tins part of Cmi.da was lust settled a deer trail extended over the blow of the rni.iiii- taiii, past where the reservoir is now situated, to the hay. An Indian trail extendetl from tbe villages on the Grand Kiver thn.iigli the lliiudas Valley chiwn to tbe bay near the foot of Kmeiahl street, near which the Indians li.iil a burial moniid, where it is pnd.able their cliiets were iiilerred. This nioiind was lilteen feet high and fifty in diuini^<>r. The sides were steep and there was a hollow in the top. It was covered with ashes and cinders about two (eet deep, the remains of tires made to destroy the scent of Ihe bodies and peiscrve them from the Wolves. TholiK'li idniost levelled now by nearly a century of cnltiwitioii the remains of this mound can still be traced. A large number of mortuary remuins, Mint, sjiear and arrow-he»di, stone hatchets, wampum, pottery, etc., seems to iiidicati^ that this was the sctuie of a sanguinary conllict many years ago. This view is stengthened by a tradition atnoiig the fiidinns that a small tribe called the Attuwundaruuks was here compleudy destroyed. In the year 177» Rohbkt Lam», wliowas born on the hanks of the Delaware, and who sided with the llritish dnringihe revolutlonury war, settled on three hundred acres occupying the greater part of the east end of the city U'lueenthe mountain and the bay. I'revious to this be had located two liiindred acres near Niagara Falls, but hearing that game was plentiful near the lieadof the lake he abandoned his tirst settlement (or the Ham- ilton site, where he sowed the first wheat on an acre of groinid, breaking up the land with hoes and harrovviiig it with brush loaih'd with stnneM. The dwelling was a log cabin, with an eartlien thior, plastered with clay and rooti'd with birch bark, and the inti-rstices were tilled with a soft dense moss liiiind in great plenty in the swiunps. A lire jdace extended the whole length of the house. A stretched wolf skin, denuded of its hair, answered the piirjiose of the solitary window. Dried venison hung liom the ceiling at all times, and the pioneer's trusty companion, the rifle, was carefully sus- pended, when not needeil, over the lire place. This dwelling was a nioihd one at the time, and in such the early setih'rsof the country reared their sturdy families, imtianiened by the dictates of fiisliion, and not at all envious i.f their neighbors. These primitive times, not- withstanding their many deprivationsand vicissitndes.had a charm about them which th.- prosperity of succt^ding years did not bestow, and w ive heard many an old sctth'r, surrounded by luxniy, sigh over the memories of " the good old days." 74 JOHN DOTY, PORTABLE STATIONARY & MARINE STEAM ENmESmiLEBS II From one to teu Ilcse Powf r a Specialty. Also, Engines for' Steam Yachts and Tu^rs Circulars, sent on Application. -"'"'•-^•-iTiittni: _L WORKS AND OFFICE 111 ■•i *''1fl ''m il DIXON, SMITH & CO. The leather belting factory of Messrs. Dixon, Smith & Co. WHS estiiblishod in 1 SV2. The factory and office arc situated nt SI Collmrne street, Toronto. The building is of brick, tliree storeys in height. The fu'st floor is used as offices, store and stock rooms. The second Hoor is used for dry- ■ng and manufacture of belting. The third lloor is used as drying and stretching, &c. The l)ascinent is used for vats. The whole establishment is under the supervision of Mr. i>nn\h, who has had some twenty years experience in the manufacture of belting. Messrs. Di.xon, Smith* Co. were awarded the first prize at the provincial exhibition hehl in Ottawa in Is?.,, though placed in competition with belting maile by Iloyt A Co., of New York, and othennakers. Tliis is a distinction of which Messrs. Dixon, .Smith & Co. ought to feel proud,— such enterprising firms should have the support of our manufacturing estidilislmients who are in need of leather belting. Tlie firm use steam power, and employ from tea to fifteen hands. -Jlr. Land, the " first settler," as above meutioiied, sided with the British in the American war. One night, wiiile carrying desjiatches for his General, he was fired upon and struck down. He however succeeded in crawl- ing on his liands and knees into the thicket, where he hid till morning. The same night the Indians burnt hif cabin, and his wif- and children escaping, traced bis footsteps to wlier. V^ had been wounded, and seeing blood, believed hiin to i)e dead, ami followed the retreat- ing army into Xew Brnnswi-jk. In the meantime Land, finding no trace of his family, went to "the Falls," and ultiniiitely to the Bay. Seven years elapsed, and his wife and family left New Brunswick, and strangely decide.! on .settling near Niagara. Hearing that a man of tlieir name was 8«>ttl"d near Buriiiigton Bay, they travelled through the woo\S''" -'Attention of manufacturers and others using leather & Co may be proud, and may show he „llv o ' ul iX ?' "'' "' '^r'^' r""™- Smith.' Unued States when they can^'obtam atSef,Sr=rrafL",i*tc'a;tlt°- "^ \ * ,i OPnCfi AND PACTOET: 8i COLBORNE STREET, TORONTO. 77 D(\MINION ORGAN COMPANY. The Ddiiiiiiion Organ Coi>ii)aiiy was ostahlinluMl in J ^7-.'. Tlie fiictory ami ollici! aiv sitiiiiU-d on rJu- corner of Wi'llington and Temperance streets, Howmanville, Ontario. Tlie i)nil(lin!rs are of brick, four storeys in heiglit, ] 10 feet front by r.(> feet deep. The first" lluor is used tor getting ont stock in tlie rough, planing, saw- ing, &c. The sceoud floor is used as casc-rooni, wuro- rooin and offices. The third floor is used as action and fly-finishing. There are also tlnee turning rooms on this door. The fourth floor is used as varnish and finisliing room, flowing room, rnlihiiig room and numerous other dcparunents Meccssiiry fi,i- the manufacture of a tirst- class insrnnncnt. This enterprising firm is turning out from sixty-five to seventy organs a month, giving employment to some seventy hands, using twenty-five- horse steam power. In all, lumber yard and buildings, coier about two acres of ground. II. ! In IS30 emigrants arriving liere were obliged to depend upon fiuiners in the vicinity for the purchase of necessaries. King street , an act was pa«s«!d incorporating Hamilton as a city, the population having increased to <>,S;t'J lunl the a.ssessed value being £118,7^)0. For several years pri'vious to IS-IO the jnogress of the city was rapid and .satisfactory. In that year the po))u- lation was estimated at 27,000. Then however, came a season of depression. The young civy became too am- bitious ; it undertook too much. It had invested largely in railways ; it built magificent water-works ; it dug ex- pensive sewers ; it erected gi;s works; and the burden of debt which it bronght upon it.self was too much for its people to bear. Years of de.sasler followed ; property fell in value ; biisin.'ss decayed ; the popniation decreased. In IStll the (iovernment Census Commissioners found but i;t,OI)() souls here ; and three years later the City Assessors reported but about 17,000. From this state of ilepression, liowever, the city rallied nobly ; business revived, manufactures sprang up, and Hamilton once more entered the race with her sister cities forsiipremacy in ( hitario. In ] S7 1 her population was i.5,72<>, and to- day it is:(e,;iOO ; and her trade has more than kept pace with \m- piogress in other respects. In 18-50 her total expmts were valued atS;i.V.i,?92; in IS.5-, they bad risen to S1,7IS„^44. In 1S70 she shipped to the United .States alone goods valued at more than two milioiis of Dollars; and the total exports for the fiscal year ending June, ;ioj ls7;-, wereSl,]17,!Hi8; imports $0,219,940; and the amount paid for duties was $0-51,159,090. Total value of real proiierty ?1 1,225,450, and personal proiterty, §2,070,000. The first Court of General (lUiarter Sessions of the Peace for (iore District was held in Hamilton on the 1 2tli of January, 1819. A bench of magistrates presided over this court, and the first was composed of James Crooks, chairman, fieorge Hamilton, Richard !5easley, Richard HufK Daniel (VReilly, Wm. Ellis, .lohn Cliis- holin, .fohii .Kecord and .James McHride. Tlie earliest sentence recorded was passed at this session upon Joseph Cole, convicted of petty larceny. The unfortunate man was kept in jail for three months, and at midday, in the town of Hamilton, was publicly whipped with forty la.shes, lacking one, on tlu' bare back and then discharged. The first jail and Court-house were situated on the site of McKee's hotel, John street. It consisted of a lower st(n-y of logs anil the upper of frame, having an area of 20x30 (i-et, and was admirably adapted for keep- ing its inmates Excessively imcomtortable, possessing only seven or eight aiiartments for prisoners. The npper story was used as a court room, and on Sabbath a« ,1 church, alternately by the Kpiscopaliansaud Presbyteri- ans. In is-js the buildings now used as a court room and county offices were erected at a cost of about $30,000. About this time the first capital execution in Ham'ilton took place. A man named Vincent, convicted of wile murder, was hangeil in the jail yard < >n the 4tb of Slarch, 1 833, the first Hoard of Police was elected and consisted of Thomas Taylor, [iresident ; C. C. Ferrie, E. .Stiiison, .(, Rolston, and P. H. Hamilton. In IS 10 a police cHirt was established. Captain George A. Armstrong, mugist rate. In J 8-50 the Recorder's Court was established (iresided over by Mr. J. E. IStart, Thomas BeasKiy, City Clerk and Recorder, this court was abolished in Isus. On the 17th ofaiarcb (Auspicious day), |S(i.3, Mr. James Cahill was appointed Police Magistrate, an ofticH which he holds at the present day. The new'jail on Barton street near Ferguson avenue, was begun in 78 mH EVERY INSTRUMENT folly Warrsatei. PRE-EMINENT FOR PURITY OF TONE. This Company has recently been re-organlzed by the addition of three of the most practical men from the Factory of Clough & Warren Organ Co., Detroit, Mich., each taking an active part in his own par- ticular department, and are now manufacturing an Organ equal, and in many points superior, to any manufactured in the United States or Canada. We take pleasure in announcing to our customers and the trade gen- erally that we have secured the right to manufacture and use, in the Dominion of Canada, the celebrated SCEIBNKR P^TKNT QIJAU^S'TWa TUBUS, secured by Letters Patent in the United States, England and Canada. By means of thisinv organ c(*itiuning two or three sets of reeds beeomes equal in volume and power, and lar si; quality and brilliancy of tone, to an ordinary reed organ of six or eight sets of reedn. . ^, ^^*^, ?,'"■ '■«''''"■'"'''' " T"-'- ^t''«fe," " y».'- Ihnmim," Wllco.r Patent " Octave Cwivler," '• Cello" or ' thinnei i>(op8, " Fhigle Horn," " DnWf" ■'.«>//„c," '• Crenmmr and Graml Ormrn Slop m,-ed by Mr. Elliott are ship- ped to all parts of tlio Dominion. He is doing an extensive trade, turning out some thousands of reaping and mowing machines, ploughs, cutting boxes, drills, hay rakes, etc., during the year, and giving employment to nearly one hundred hands. In fact this is one of the most com- plete establishments we have visited in the Dominion. 187-3 and completed in 187-5, at a cost of about 840,000, .ind Mr- .lolm Henery who had previously worthily held the position of Chief of Police was appointed governor. In 1847 tlie first Council of the City of Hamilton was elected and the following gentlemen had the honor of being its representatives ; Colin C. Ferrie, Mayor ; Alex. Carpenter, Charlet, (). Counsel!, N. Ford, L. B. Freeman, D. C. Guim, David Kelly, Andre v/ Miller, Samuel Mills, H. R- O'Reilly, and H. B. Wilkon. The city sends two members to the federal Parliament and one to the Provincial. The former at present are, jKmilius Irving, Q. C-, and Mr. A. T. Wood. Mr. J, M. Williams is the local representative. CITY COUNCIL, 1870. Regular meetings every alternate Monday at 7:30 p.m. Oeorge Roucli, Mayor. Ward 1 . Francis E. Kilvert, James Mattliews, Ro- bert R, Morgan. Ward -i. T. Crookcr, M. D., J. O. O'Reilly, R. R. Waddell. Ward 3. R. Campbell, Chas. Foster, Thomas Mitchell. Ward 4. Kenney Fitzpatrick, Joseph Kent. Christopher Lockman. Ward •>. Robert Chisholm, Charles Lee, William Magee. Ward 6. John Barr, Nel«)u Humphrey, Patrick Crawford. Ward 7. John Field, David McLellan, Tlionuis Allen. COM.MITTEES. Board of HVA-.s — Aldermen Field, chairman, Mat- thews, Waddell, .Mitchell, Kent, Magee and Humphrey. Market Fire and Police— Aldennen Kent, chairman, Mathews, O'Reilly, Mitchell, Lee, Bnrr and Field. Hospital and Cemetery— Ahhrmen Crookcr, chairman, Morgan, Campbell, Fitzpatrick, Magee, Crawford and Allen. Jnil— Aldermen O'Reiiiy, chairman, Kilvert, Mitchell, Lockman, Magee, Humphrey and Field. Wafer Worka— Aldermen Kilvert, chairman, O'Reilly, Campbell, Lockman, Lee, Crawford and Allen. Board of Health — Aldermen Crookcr, chairman, Mor- gan, Foster, Kent, Lee, Humi)hrey and D. McLellan. Parks— Aldermen Waddell, chairman, Kilvert, Foster, Lockman, Chisholm, Crawford and Allen. i-Vnancc— Aldermen Fitzpatrick, chairman, Morgan, Crooker, Foster, Chisholm, Barr, and D. McLellan. OFFI0ER.S .1F THE CORPORATIO.V. Police Magistrate — .James Cahill. City Clcrk—Thos. Beasley. City Trfimurer— Alexander Stuart. Hinh Bai- liff— James McCracRen. License Inspector — lolin Slooro. Mauaijer of Water Works— WxWmm Haskins. Tajc Col- lector — James Cummings. Chief of Police — Matthew Logan. City Messenger— V\\ii». Smith. Hospital Physi- cian — Jas. White, M.D. SCHOOL TRUSTEES. Public School.— A. Macallum, M.A., Inspector. Ward I— J M. Cummings, B. J. Morgan. Ward 2— P. C. Blaicher, S. H. Ghent. Ward 3— J. Osborne, J. W. Bickle. Ward 4— J. Fielding, William Clucas. Ward .5— J. W. Harris, A.M.Ross. Ward 6— Geo. Coumbe, Joseph Greenfield. Ward 7— W. G. Reid, J. M. Meakins. COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE. George Dickson, M.A., Principal, P. W. Feamian, Thom.18 White, M.D., Jolin Field, J. M. Gibson, Hugh Murray, J. B. Eager. COUNTY OF. WENTWORTH COUNCIL 1876. F. M. Carpenter, Warden. Barton. — Thomas Lawry, Reeve ; John W. Kerr, Deputy Reeve ; S. P. Stipe, Robert Beasley, Wm Hill. Binbrook.—Jaa Hoey, Reeve : John McGann, John Ramsay, James Muir. .4n(;(Wloyment to seventy -five men using liCty-horse steam power. This is tlie largest packing-box factory in .Montreal. The firm aiso.leal exten- sively in lumber, uml have in connection with their box factory both siiw and planing mills. EXPRlvS.S MILLS. The Express Flour and (irist Jlills were established in ISOl, by Mr. Wiiliai.. Mackon the Cornwiill Canal in the town of Cornwall, and is now a vi'ry important industry of the town, running iiiglit and day, and employing ten hands. JOHN FEE, Machinist, established in 1871. The factory and of«ce are situated at No. 7 canal side, .St. Gabriel Locks, Mon- treal. The buildings are of stone arul brick, two storeys in height, employing fifteen men, using steam power West Flamlmv — J. Browne, Reeve ; Wm. Attridsre, Deputy Keeve. GIaii/oi(l.— l)r. Betlmne, Reeve ; Robert Leeming, CD. Potts, George Bell, W. Smith. Saltfleet.—Y. M. Carpenter, Reeve ; Timothy Kennedy, Deputy Reeve ; John R. J.irdine, IIiMiry R. Wilson, P. Reid, jun. Dumhis (Town.)— ilayor, Thoma.i Wilson ; Reeve, John Bertram ; Deputy Reeve, J(d]n Wilson. Coun- cillors—Valley Ward, John lluycs, Jas. Jlei-cer, Thomas Partner ; Foundry Ward, W. Casey, Walt.-r Baslable, Daniel Fields, )un. ; Mountain Ward, H. C Owyn, Dun- can McMillan, Alex, rnpihart ; Cauid Ward, A II Walker, A. S. Wink, B. Lucas. COnXTF OFFrCER.S. Hon. A. McKellar, Sherilf; B. B. ( isler, Clerk of Peace and County Attorney; 0. !S. Counsidl, County Clerk; James Kirkpatrick, Treasurer; S. H. Glient, Clerk Coun- ty Court and Deputy Clerk of the Crown ; Geo. R.ijph, Registrar of .Surrogate Court; F.M. Carpenter, Warden. Sheriff's Office— Vouuty building. Hon. A. McKellar, Sheriff; D. A. AKNab, Deputy Sln'ritf, MacPherson ; managing clerk ; E. Service, Head Bailiff Pf)LICE, James Caliill, Police Magistrate. Commissiuners.—'Vhti Mayor, County .Judge ami Police Magistrate. The force consistn of a chief, two sergeants, two defectives and twenty-si'ven patrolmen. Matthew Logan, chief. City Assessors.~\\'at(i No. I , Robert Ellicott : No. 2, Henry Lavery ; No. .3. Peter Balfour ; No. 4. William .Sharp ; No. H, John S. Henderson ; No. 0, .Tames Tin- dill : No. 7, Geo. C. .Secord. FIRE BRKJADE. James Amor, Chief Engineer. No. 1 Pluenix y/,«r._I)ardel MeHrieu, Captain r Robert Blair, .Secretary ; and thirfeeii nuunl)ers. Nt). •-> Proteclimi Jlose — E. W. Watson, Cai)tain ; Thomas Bi-asley, .Secretary ; and thirteen mend)ers. No. 3 7/o.i« Co.—C. Wilsrni, Cai)tain ; Win. Bruce, .Secretary, and thirteen members. No. 4 Neptune Huse.—'Wtn. Robbins, Captain ; .Samuel Robbins, .Secretary ; and fourteen members. Hook ami LmMcr t'».— E. .Moran, Captain ; B Snyder, Secretary ; and seventeen members. The veterans of tht- (ijrce are : Edw. WiUett, who joineil in May, lSo:{ ; J. Bri.iges, April, isr,r, ■ W. Porter, August, l-N.jS; James Ainoi, April, 1859; D.ivid McBrien .liiiie, is.-.O ; Robert Itli.ir, July, 1S.59; and .S. Robbins, Jane, l!?t»l. HAMILTmN WATER WORKS. AVilliain Haskius, 'Hiief engineer. Office City Bii iliings. The liamilton Water Wor*, -.vere incorporated April riiith, Isae, by iicT bC parliament, ami are erected about -'■>n yaivis from Lj«ie Oiitaron. Tliw*? works are supe- r«r to any wtMS- m the DaattuMO. e»ceptine those of iltatreal. Tlieir tnttil cost was *?«tt.((«o ; and there iiBR now ClSTitt) •pwankof i% naies of j.ipe laid in the eir.. Tiie aoMUiwry is cHm!|>le»- and perfect. The I'ower consuws of two double c»-iuder engines of one Hundred hors.- fwwer each and Of supply amounts to about 800,000 HiflsM u day of 1 1 :tanira. The reservoir, three and a halt miies tmm the wurKs, is ISo feet above the leve! of tfie iaku. It is 'J.5 feet deep uud will coii- laiii nine millions iiujierial gallons The water from lake Ontario is filtered tliroiiirii ai feet at .sand. The power ie<|iiire.l lo fori'c the water into the iwservoir is equal to .')i tons to thesipiare fiwt on the main pipe which has an inside diamelier of 1- inches and is onlv one inch thick. HAMILTON PO.ST OFFICE. H. N. Caw, postmaster ; Hemy Colbeck, ass't jiost- masler ; Alfred Crisp, chief forwarding clerk ; N. A. Eager, re;t'istration nnd foreign mail clerk ; J. B. Eager, .•iccouiitant and foreign mail iderk ; (ieo. H. Armstrong, chief wicket clerk ; Thos. Burns, money order and savings' bank ; Geo. H. Bull, ass't do ; Robert Kelly, registration and foreign mail clerk ; Thos. IJarbottle, A. C. Crisp, J. C. Deiiipsey, J. S. Mattiiews, E. H. Dunnet, B. F. Barber, W. E. Gayf,.r, Geo. Ross, ^'in. Eccles- tone, Hvmy Diiiase, David Welch, clerks. Letter Carriers— Beuj. Dunnett, chief Hiiperintendent ; T. U.S. Austin, Jolm Calchiiole, J. H. Feariiside, Geo. Flook, John Gore, Henry Linton, F. McCauley, Miles Sluing, H. F. Young. Letter Boj-'.s are placed at the corners of the following 82 G. & J. ESPLIN^ SAW AND PLANING MILLS, XXX db XX3 IDTJKE efFIi.E:E11- MONTREAL. EXPRESS MILLa WILLIAM MACK, r. K. DEDKUICK COMPAfVY, Proprietors and Sole Manufticturcrs of the Pa Pif * Lsfsr ii Pwiii Bis Pm, t'or Hfniil, Horne, St(-:uii ami other I'ower. ^^ Oollege JSti-eet, ^JContreal. JOHN""FEEr Of Wood Working and other Machines, NO. 7 CANAL SIDE ST. GABRIEL LOCKS 3^^ O 3M T7 n ES A. Ij . FEE'S PATENT GIG SAWS 4i wavc r»M u..,.^ 83 i' '( m FLACK & VAN AKSDALE. Tlit> liictoiy of tlit'so oxtciisive iiiaiiiitnctiircrs of, and (Ii'iilt'r8 ill stone, umi Hockiiigliimi ware, Ih sitiiuUMl in Coriiwnll, Out., and was establislied hi 18(>(). Since tlion their hnsiness lias grown steadily and greatly increased, so tlint they now employ a large nirnber of liaiids, and their goods are well nnd favorably ki jwn tlnongli tlit' length and breadth of the Dominion. They have a very large and varied stock, and dealers would do well to send ! for n eirenlar before purchasing elsewhere. ' R. FORSYTH. I The very extensive marble works of Ulr. R. Forsyth, SFontreal, were estnlilished in I'^IU, and now give em- ployment to about one hundred hands. The factory is situated on the Lachine Canal, at St. Gabriel Locks, and is a fine stone building, three storeys high, devoted to sawing, cutting and polishing marble for monuments, itc. A new wing, three storeys high, one hundred and ten feet long, by thirty seven deej), has lately been added. 'I'his new department is used for the jireparation of granite, which is taken from Mr. Forsyth's ipiarry at Oaiiano()ue, and which is judged to l)e equal, if not superior to Scotch granite. The blacksmith shop is (ifteen feet by twenty-tive feet. In the yard is the travelling train for conveying large blocks of stone ; it is two hundred and twenty feet long, with a span of thirty -six feet, and a hoisting cajiacity of twenty tons at once. The establish- ment oconpies about two acres of ground and fifty horse water power is used. The oflire and show room is a two storey brick building, No. I-^O Bleury Street, where a fine display of monuments, mantels and other marble and stone work can be seen. NOVKLTY WORKS. The Novelty Works, 17y and 17.5 James street, Hamilton, were established in 1672, and under the able management of Mr. A. W. Forster have make n rapid success, their goods being already introduced and favor- ably considered in all parts of the Dominion. The factory furnishes employment for about twenty hands. Jlr. Forster makes specialties of Boiler Purgers Vacuum Lu- bricators, Flue cleaners and automatic steam traps. streets : .James and Hannah, Bay and Rol 1, Queen and Main, York and Locke, York and Bay, .Jamt .md Picton, .lames and Murray, Barton and Catharine, King and Wellington, .lolin and Main, and .lames and Maria. HA5IILT0N BOARD OF TRADE. W. E. Sanford, President ; W. F, Findlay, Vice-Pre- sident ; E. Hilton, Secretary. Council— Hon. I. Buchanan, J. L McKenzie, Wm. SlcOiveriu, E. Giirney, ,1. Walker, A. Harvey, W. E. .Sanford, J. Billings, A. Winer, Adam Brown, A. Mclmios, H. E. Gregory, B. E. Ch.nrlton, W. F. Findlay, J. Stuart, C. Cameron, A. Turner, .f. M. Williams, M. P.P., A. T. Wood, M. P., Adam Hope, ,). McPherson, M. McPlier- son, \V. II.Giilard, .L Watsmi. Dennis Moore, John Park, A. Tiioinpson, and Wm. Hendrie Board of Arbitratimi.—li. A. Lucas, J. Field, J. Simp- son, J. Bowes, A. Gartshore, J. W. JIurton, T. C. Kerr, N. M. Livingstone, \V. H. (iillard, C. J. Hope and M. Leggat. CUSTOMS. Custom House, Stuart Street. W. H. Kittson, (collector ; W. Agnew, appraiser ; C. R. M. Sewell, surveyor ; F. Shepherd, H. W. Wood- ward, John Briss, elei^^s ; H. Dixon, chief landing waiter ; C. M. Kelly, W. Miinday, J. McKinty, P. O. Heir, land- ing waiters; A. I. Mckenzie, ciiiof clerk; T. Bryan, sub-collector. Gait ; J. Miller, sub- collector, Welling- ton Square ; J. Logan, porter. INLAND REVENUE. Custom House, Stuart .Street. Win. Patton, collector ; S. F. Ross, deputy do ; J. Stewart, A. Stuart, W. P. Crawford, J. F. Jagoe, A. D. Arnot, W. V. .Miller, .1. K. Barrett, excise oBlcers. CHURCHES. fllL'RCH OF ENGLAND. Chrixl Climrli, .fames Street, north.— Catliedral of the Diocese of Niagara, I!t. Re\'. T. B. Fuller, D. I)., Lord Bish- op : The Wry Rev. J. Gamble Geddes, D. C L., Dean of Niagara, rector ; Rev R. O. Sutherland, M. A., curate ; Col. Villers, James JI. Lottridge, church wardens ; Wm. Fair- dough, organist; J. J. Mason, vcstryclerk; Geo. Robinson, choir masler ; Joseph Cressell, sexton ; Charles Barrett bell ringer. Hours of service: 1 1 a. ni. and 7 p. ra. Christ Church was founded in 1*^35 and has had but one rector up to tlie present time — the Re\'. G. Gamble Geddes, D. C. L. now the Very li.'v. the Dean of Ni.igara. The original edifice which was of wood was commenced in )S;}.5, and eomiileted irj Is.'js. It was enlarged in ISo-l by the erec- tion of a chancel and two compartments of the nuve in stone, these were designed to form the commencement of an entirely new structure of a higher stylo of architecture. This latter is now drawing near completion, the old build- ing having been pulled down about two years ago. Since tiie formation of the new Diocese of Niagara, Christ Church has been constituted a Cathedral church, and will be provided with a Bishop's throne and suitable stalls fbr the Dean, Art-hileiicous and six canons. The Chirch i,f flu' Asretinion.— The foundation stone of this chiircii was hud on Ascension day, IS-JO, and on a site given by the late Richard Jiison, Esq. It was opened for divine worship in June, IS.51. The Rev. .John Heb- don, 5f. A., canon of Christ Church Cathedral, having been appointed rector of-the parish, by the late Bishop of Toronto. The siructurc was completed by the erec- tion of its spire, pinnacles, &c., lost year (1875), at the 84 FLACK & VAN ARSDALEr oor, jvxvaijIj. okjt., Manufacturers of, and Dealers in every Description of SfS^Jin Ovdors ro,u>i^'•ed hy JifqiJ ^^nJl hv i>vompay o.y,',u(o,1. -^^ CANADA MARBLE WOllKS" R. FORSYTH, PROPEIETOR, IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF Scol4 and Granite Mcnumenh. :Bapltsmal iFonh, Tombstone., -JBurial Taljtds. MANUFAUrURKR OP Marble and Slate Mantels, Marble Tiles, Furniture, &c., &e. BKAKCHES.-TORONTO, 80 King^Stroet. HaLII'AX, Corner of Argyle & Sackville Streets. bl. JOHN, N. B., bmith's Buildings, Prince William Street. MILLS, St. Gcthriel I^ochs, 55S WlIUcu->x Street, OFFICE, 130 Bleury, Corner of Dorchester Street, Montreal. NOVELTY WORIE30lA.IL.TIIi3S ■■ Boiler Purger, Vacuum Lubricators, Flue Cleaners & Automatic Steam Traps, FRANK FORSTEE, GOLD AND NICKEL SILVER PLATER. oxioiiifi® mimm m part, kn., 173 & 175 James Street, Ffnth, HAMILTON, Ontario. lil 86 nolo •■.\|M'iiM(irMrs, .lnH.,11, widowof I. .Iimoil Kmi , now ill Slircuwliiiry, Kii^liiin). Scrvi.-fs : 1 1 a. in. uixl 7 (i. id Oliiir.'li WanliMis.— McsHiK. R. P. Strw't and J. if. lliiriis ; giitcNt„ the Syiio.l, F. W. (liif.-H, Ailiiiii Hrowii ami Alex Hriicc ; vc-try clerk, ,). I). I'liiiglc. All tSniiil.i Cliiinli — ( 'or Kiiigiiiiil t^iit't-ti MtrcftM. — Tlii« I'liiiifli l(.;iiiH |mrf of till' imrinh of Christ cliiircli. It wi\H hiiilt l.y till- Into Hon. .Samuel Milln, in lS7;l, at hiH own expense ami givi „ lo the reetorH of CliriNt Clmreh (hiring liis life time on inciiniheripy. Very Hev. Dean J. t Jainble (JeddpH, |). (', L., rector. Services: II n in. iiiiil 7 p. ni. St. rimimii' Cliitrh.—(',)r Main and W»'(it Aveinie.— Ui'v ./. It. Hicliardsoii, M. ,\., rector. SunriceH :11a. m. and 7 p. m. 5/. John's Mission Clidpcl.—lW'v. W. I.iiinsd M. A. Scrviccii: II n. in. and 7 p. ni. PRESBVTrniA.N CHIRC1II!3. Hours of service II a. m and 7 p. in. Criilnil Cliin-ili, cor. Maiden Lane and JIcNab streets. — I'astor, Kev. .Jolm McColI. MiXtib Sliri't Clnitrh, cor. Hunter and McNalt streets. —I'astor, Itev. Donald H. I'lelclicr. St. J'aiil's Cliiirrli, cor. James and JIaiden Lane.— I'astor, Rev. ,J. 0. .Smitli. M.A. Auox Cliiiicli, corner funnoii aud James streets. i>t. Amircii's CliHich, cor. I'ark and Hunter street.— I'astorate vacant. SI. John's Church, cor. King and Emerai.* i.:r,t.'..i_ Pa.ster, l{ev. James Little. Mission Chinch. — Pearl street. .METIIODIHT CIll'RCi)K.S. Hours of .service, 1 1 a. in. and 7 p. m., fi.\cept otherwise, stated. .Sunday school i.:JO p. in. Cenlenaiy Church, Main street west.— Rev. Hiigli Joiiiiston, n. I)., Pa.stor. Wesley Church, John street, cor. of Rebecca— Rev. Wni. .Stephenson, I'iistor. Fir$t Methodist Church, King st., East.— Rev. W. W Carson, Pastor. Zion Tabernacle, Veirl street— It.'v. J. Hannon, Pastor. Simcoe SImf Churrh.~Uev. ./. p. Lewis, Pastor. German Methodist Church, Rebecca .Street.— Rev. C. 8. Eby, Pastor. Hannah Street C'/jwrcA.— Under the sui.erintendeiice of Rev. II. Johnston. rrimitire Methodi.sl Church, Gore cor. Hiighson street. —Rev. W. Ilerridge, pastor. Hours of service, 11 a, m. and (■).:)() p. ni. rrimitive Methodist Church, Queen corner Najiier. No settled pastor at present. Hours of service, 1 1 a. m a. .1 0.30 p. m. Methodist Episcopal, John Street.— Rev. J. S. Wiiliain- son, pastor. Hours of service, 10.30 a. in. and G.:iO ji. m. Sabbath School ut 2.!J0 p. m. HAITI.sr I'lUut'llK.s, The llapiint causj- was limt i>labli>.hed in tlu city of Hamilton about the your 1S48, \tj the late liunentcd Rev A. Hooker, through whose in».sriiniMitali'y the first I haiM'l on Park Ntrf.'t was built, Mr. Hioker was killed at the l»'sjardineN canal a(ci been twice enlarged. Amoi >,' the pastors have been Rev. Dr. Crawford, now a prolcssor in the CanaecoiiieiB» our duty to expos-je r^Vaiid. If such makers were capable of constructing good scales they would have no occasion to borrow our name or use our cuts. v-i FAIRBANKS & COMPANY, 3xo]>f^jrj^E:AL. 87 Ml IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 1^ 150 1^ ii^ 2.2 m u UO IL25 i 1.4 2.0 1.6 ^ '-^F ^> <5*^ '■-*J^ «^ ^' Sdences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0 (716)872-4503 «\,'^ ^ij# <*'• > ,i;CATI(tNAF.. fSCHOdl.S A.VD CMiLLK(!i:s. IfaiiiilfoH Cullcffiali! Iiistitii'>\—fieorge Dixon, ]{.A., head master. Weslf'i/on Fcmiilc CM„,; King Str.'ct-Rev S. I). Kice, D.D., pnvernor. Public S,'lw„ls.—\ ,Miicallmn, inspector. There are a Central or High school, live Ward ami several F'rimary schools in the city, which are well ultcnded, and have attained a high character among the educational ostah- lishnients of the country. Diimliis Weill !/iin Cfllrtj-ntt li;si;t,it,;—\\\ ].], Saiiford pre»if CATHOLIC .S(;||(MII„S. SI. Jlan/'s Vinlnil Nclicml, Slidherry street.— C. Dono- van, princijial. St. Patrick's Sclmil, Hunterstre.'t.— ( 'onductrd by the Sisters of St. Joseph. St. Lawrence School, .lohn street— Conducted by (he Sisters of St. Joseph. St. Charles School, King st., west.— Conducted by the Ladies of Loretto. Convent 0/ Mount St. Mary, King street, west.-lJnder the direction of the ladies of Loretto ; M. Benedicta Lady Superioress. ' LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MECIIA.NICH' IVSTITCTE, (KSTAm.I.SMKD 18,10, THE ! IllKARV CONTAINS L'l'WARIW OF .;,o«0 VOI.CJIK.'i. President, John R. Ilolden ; Vice-I'residcit, (ieorge Sharp ; Secretary, J. O. Bowes. Directors: John A. Bruce, William Lcith, Angus Sutherland, Isaac B. McQuesten, Andrew T. Wood, M. P., John N. Tnrbo.\, Chas. E. Peirce,I)avid McCulloch' W. L. BiUings, M. I)., J. Kneeshaw, supt. and manager! niMILTOX AS.S0C1AT1O.V. Established l,s.57. The main object of the Association are the formation of a Library and Museum and the illustration of the History and Physical Characteristics of the country Prcsident-H. B. Wittoii ; Vice-President, J. M. Ruchan M. A., and W. Mills ; Secretary, George Dickson, b' A.; Treasurer, Richard Bull ; Thomas Mcllwraith, libra- rian and curator. TVI'OORAPHICAL UNION. /ieorge M. H„gwell presi.h.ni ; fieo. He-iderson ; vu'e-presidcnt, W. iiobb, treasun-r; ,1. Donghertv, cor- rcspondrng secretai> ; John Tl.omp.snn, fmancial secre- lary, »V. J. I»ull, recording secretary. .Meetings first Saturdays in every month, «f. No. 1 1 King street, west. CATHOLIC CNION AND LITERARY SOCIETY. Ilis Lordship the Bishop of Hamilton, patron, rev. P. .f Machhgan, chaplain; Donal.l Smith, president; K •>t/|.atrick, E. Furlong, vicc-presi.lcnrs ; N. J. Power," l>. Liivery, V. Donovan, secretaries; W^n. Harris! "■""■:"•■"■'•■ ^ f'^ *" ""•!'• •"•"• I, No. 4 James street .south. ' Yoiwf, Men', Christian Association, No. 22 King street e«st.--Jaines Wat.son, presi.lent; W. Oiven, secretary! !• ree library, reading and conversation rooms. Women's Christian Assoriali„n.—y]rH. .lames Watson pr.'si.lent; Mrs. Dulliold, secretary. ' I Knox Church roam, Men's Mataal fmproremrnt S,wict„. I -PresMhM.t, T. Pedaii, 1st Vice-presi.lent, W O I ••■■'■^""n I ; ^'Md Vice-,,resi,lent James Brown ; Secretary, \V. II. i.icLaren ; Tr<'asiir<'r, .James Grant. i'oang Men'.s Literar,, Association of Wesley Church — (iuues A. Harvey, president ; IL F. Young, ^ ice- ["■.;s.;h-nt; T. Milcludl, secretary; R. Pfolemv, R. G. liaillie, treasurers ; J. Overholt, librarian, Barim Literary and Ikhnline, S^/c/y.-P.-eshlent, A. W. Vassie; vice-president, Wm. Lyne ; secretary- treasurer (i, Orahain. ' A,lelhnian Cluh.-V. .1. Nelson, presi.lent; W. J. Atchison, vice-president ; A. C Beasley, sccretary-trea- surer; H. Irviii, cotiiicillur. llanulton Chess Clnb.-U^n. H. B. Bull, patron : N H Case, Ks.,., president; James O. Davis, Esq., vice-pre- si.lent i ll,.|,ry Stephen.s, Es,,., secretary-treasurer llamdton Malieal awl Suryical Sori,l,,.—hr. McDo- nald presi.lent ; Dr. Leslie, vice-president, and Dr \V oolverton, secreiary-treasiirer. CHARITABLE INSTITL'TES. Houseo/Itrfh/e, ('herry Street, foot of the mountain. - Ln.ler the patronage of the city council. Boy's Home, Locomotive Street.— JIis. Catherine Cameron, matron. St. Mary's Orpluni Asylum, Park st.— Un.ler the super- vision of the Sisters of St Jo.seph. Ifamilton Orphan Asylum and Ladies Benevolent Society Wellington Street south.-Samuel Wilson, suiwinten- dent. ' Home of the Friendless, Caroline Street, south.— Mrs McQuest..n, presi.lent ; Miss. Miiir, vice-president ; Mrs. A, T. \\oo.l, secretary; Mrs James Watson, treasurer; Jlrs. McFarlane, matron. Children's Industrial S(/io,;/.-Iiicorpuiated by act of parliament-Mrs. MacKelcan,lir8t directress ; Mrs. Charl- ton, second directress; Mrs. Ewini;, (rc.n.--e.vi.r ■ Mrs ■''I SMITJI'S FALLS F( )UN1)RY AND AORICULTURAL W< »RKS. Foremost nmong tlif |iioiicprs in tin- miitiiiHiotiirc of liii-niiiiK iiiij.li'iiipiits ;inlHH» irdiahitants, aii-7r,._(:. E. Peirce I'l-'sMlent ; .]. M. Hnriis, 1st vice-presiilent ; C. H IJamj.fylde, and vice-pri'sident ; R. Cranfield, secretarv- treasiirer. Hoar.l of Manageis-Wm. liatenian, S. ^feadows, H. Wilson, M. Howies, A. (fie^n, R. Martin, W. Hateman, J 101., A.F. Ilallett, S. Jfi^^hards. .S7. AiKlirir's .SV)./,./v.— Instituted Dec. aDtli, IS35 Officers, I s7(i_|)avid McLellan, president ; Arch McCal- iMin, 1st vice-president; .lames Angus, and vice-presi- dent; A. A. Wyllie, treasurer; (i. JIcKemid, secretary; Dis. McDonald and MacKintosh, phvsicians. All the Srolch iiiinisters are chaplains. Charitalde CVmmittee-D. (iil M. Hamilton, .lohn Campbell, J. .Moodie. CuMouinn S^cwt;,.—]>aU„u, Hon. Is„,.c Buchanan- chu.f, AdemRrown; 1st chi, Itaiii.Robert Chisholni • o,„|' Archibald McCallum, .ir.:, ,;. U. Sutherland, 4th, JameJ (ioivlun, treasurer; J. F McClure; secretary, W;:iiam roremaii; assistant, Walter Hill. Irish Protvslanl limcrohid SocM/z-EHUMishct] !<;<;.» -Ollicen,, l',7(i.-.H. H. Itull, president; Chas. Foster, John Moore, I!, -, J!,„„y, vice-presidents; A L. Reeves, .secretary; H.^nry HuriowH, assistant secretary Chas. Heatty, treasurer; R. M. Uallaiitiue, chairniun of •liaritable i.—C. Dono- van, president ; Michael Murphy, .John McKinty, yice- presidents; Patrick Merin, secretary ; Michael Murphy, '», iircii iiiiiii- 111(1 cvuiitliir- liiit ill all the N|iriiilc(l, ex- liiiliilayH anil •lit, wht'ii u liliiiK, wliiV Tt'inI liistory ll llllK llt'l'll r itx iimiiii- ght-forwunl iitiiiil for its u rciidy siiht iiiriioii (Vom <^ ^Iiicniib, TITIONS. E. Pcirce, •nt; C. H. , Hccrctiiry- 'iiilowx, H. • HatiTiinii, •mil, IS3.5. rcli J[cCiil- vice-prcsi- srcrotnry ; . All the Himiiltoii, Bucliiiiinn ; loliii; 2ii. ii8. FoKter, s; A. L. si'cretury ; aiiiiuiii of ill each on rooiriB, :li, No. 1, igli, vice- cii'tarit's ; 'II, ciraji- s of«vrry C. Dono- iy, vice- Murphy, SMITH'S FAliS FOliliey ANll FROST X WOOD, MANUFACTURKRa OP THE J-OHNSTOirs'sELFRl^^^a REJIIPJEU. THE 0O06E MOWiETsELP-RiE WE americ aTself-dumping h orse rakes. ITHACA STEilTHORSE RAKES With Patent Sell-Dumping attachment. ! M lof se-P©wep fta-esMng laeMnes. Harder's Two-Horse Railway Power, and Wrought Iron Beam Steel Plows. jvooij sXwfmTJEACHiNus. Crain Crushers, Field R^iS.;r5;.iii;^i^Roacl Scraper.. Ac. *c. ALSO ' DOUGHERTY;^^HirvrcLE MACHINE. r f • 41 H S.R. FOSTER & SON, afl:A.3vxjr»A.oTxjiiEir«.s OIP cniiiiiJEsniTsnns. uI1.IL.Xj X3LII^r>S OF* SHOE NAILS, TA€1CS AND CRADS, HOUSE SHOES, HORSE ]\AILS, CLINCH I PRESSED NAILS. 11 GEORGE STREET, ^1? , wr o 92 ll^t ROCK ISLAND HAND MADE MaxufaCTURED liY FOSTER & SEAVER; ESTABLISHED 1861 O. V. GOULETE Province of Ontario GANANOQUE, f Canada. JAMES PATKE'S and A. RODA'S Carved Work. Walnut Mouldings. Oval Frances. &c.. &c ^ SEND FOR PRICE LFST OF Mmmmm, ^mimm turalag, ■mUfi fi' H 'I rSTVTim H 11 r ALKXANDKK OOKDON. The dcalc mnnufnctory ot Mr. AloxniiiliT Gordon wu« e»tabliH»ic(l in 1*<17. Tlie factory iind oH'u'c Ih Hittiatctl at 73 ColU^gf street, Muiitrcal. Tliu liiiildiiiK'sarvof'brick, one iitoreyiii lieight, covering about two bnnilred "([nnrp foet, employing llflfcu men. Tbo uralcn maiiiiliictiireii at thiH cstH'xiiau mcnt nro of a superior (pinlity ; and tliooc in want of such goods vvouM do well to send fur a price list before purciiosing elsewhere. treasurer. Meets first Thnrsduy in each month, at the St. Patrick's Hall. MILITARY. Thxrtentih HaltiUtm.—Vol.J. A. Skinuer,M. P. ; Majors, H. K. Irvine, AH. Askin ; paymaster. Major R. Grant ; (|uarter master, Capt. J. ,1. Mason; surgeons, George liyall, M.D., and K. (i. Kittson, M.I).; adjutant, Lieut. James Macroady. No. 1 Co., — J. M, Gibson, captain; R. K. Hope, Lieutenant. No. 2 Co., — A. H. Moore, captain; P. B. Barnard, I). .S. Murphy, Lieutenants. No. 3 Co.,—C. Armstrong, captain ; G .\V. OritHii, Lieutenant; E. C. Kerr, ensign. No. 4 Co., — H Maclaren, captain; John .Stoneman, ensign. No. .') Co.,— J- J.Boice, captain ;E. T. Caddy, lieuten- ant; James Ailam, ensign. No. (1 Co., — A. W. Roy, captaio ; B Crockett, lieut- enant; Alfred McKeatid, ensign. TEMI'ICRANCE SOCIETIES. fiidepemhiU Orikr of Good Tcmiilars. Grand Lodije of Ontario. Chartered Location, Hamilton. Rev. M. L. Pearson, G. W. C. T., Iroquois ; E. Baynes Reid, O.W. C, London; Miss Watson, G. W. V. T., Toronto; T. W. Casey, G. \V. S., Napariee ; T. H. Elagg, G.W. T., Mitchell. Wciitworth Co.,TMdijc No. 1— Bro. J. W. Bundle, Hamilton, D. W. (J. T. ; Bro. A. B. Griffin, Waterdown, i). W. S. ; Bro. J. Kievle, Carlisle, D. D. G. W. C. T. Meets every three months. Hamilton Temple, No. 9— lliomus Lawless, T. D. ; T. Copland, cliairirian of trustees. Meets every Friday even- ing,at the Hall, U King street, west. Burlinr/ton LodI. P., William Findhiy, jun., auditors. Hamilton Horticultural Society. — George Roach, presi- dent; George Lee, A. W. Taylor, vice-prcsideuts ; Thomas Mestoti, secretary ; Robt. Evans, treasurer. ir«t^('or^/i DirisiyH 6VaHy/f.— Moss J. Olinstcad, master ; P. S. Van Wagner, overseer; David Patterson, lecturer ; Wm.| Scott, steward, Geo. Oastie, assistant steward ; Reuben Sparks, chaplain ; M. C. L. Kitchen, treasurer ; F. M, Carpenter, secretary. SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS. MAaOKIC. Burton l/xlge, No (!. — C. Davidson, W. M. ; John Mowat, secretary. Strict Observance, No 87. — Bro. J. Henry, W. M. ; David Kidd, secretary. Si. John's Lodge, No. 40 — D. Aitchcson, W. M. ; Knecshaw, secretory. Acacia Lodge, No. 01 — Bro. J. Widger, W. M ; Bro. R. McKay, secretary. Temple Lodge.— Vi. Bro. J. M. Gibson, W. M. ; C. LemmoD, secretary. «4 uvening in the t» Wi'ilneiduy Church, Ke- orrinori D. S. mliiy uvuriiiigi* venings in tho t struut. r(iay|vvcnihgH. Monday oyen- 'hursday cvcn- stroet, wc»t. 'ent- Society.— iliii, vice-prc- 'asBinore, treii- 3i-d Thuradiiy es. mil Sucifli/. — *idi'iit; Robert vicp-presidont It Quo. Rottcb, • Stipe, Angus iter, directors ; I — OHicers lor ; J. V. Spohn, !, S. S. N. Bur- uet, sccretiiry- Findliiy, jnn., I Roach, presi- ce-presidents ; ruasiurer. istcod, master; •sou, lecturer ; Ant steward ; i!U, treasurer ; V. M. ; John inry, VV. M. ; son, \V. M. ; , W. M ; Bro. n, W. M.;C. ALEX GORJ)0]V, PRIZE 73 COLLEGE STREET, MOJTTBBAI,, Manufactures aud keeps on hand a good aasortmeut of Patent Platform and Counter Scales. Hay & Forwarding Scales f-it, ■■'frl ■rr^ Mr K" i Till-: NOVELTY WOllKM. Till' Niivrliy WorkM, M<\t WdiliH lire wi'll liiiiM^lii'l vMili the liitt'Hl iiiipi'iivciiii'iitH in iiiarliiiii-rv, ami, |in>li.il>ly, iIkto in imt ii iiiuniiriirlury in tilt- Doiiiiiiliiii piwMi>NHiiig lii'ttt-r tiirililii-M tor pruloiff. — E. Fniter, I). McLellan, E. F, .1. M. Ilibmin. Meets lirif Friday- M'lrtou IakIiii' of I'frfiHiiin, .\i>. I. — III. Uro. David McEi-llaii, ••12- T. 1'. M. M. Meet. :inl VVediieHilay. llamitliiH Siivnrifiii Cluiiitrr lii>.

, — III. Ilro. Iliiith Murray, . '12^ M. W. S ; 8ov. I'r. R. A. Iliitchismi, |s<' secretary. Meets »tli Tuesday. Moorr. Somrii/n Ciiiisislonj — 111. Ilni. -' secn-tary llariiHijIon Coiilmr, No. 22 Kts R. «'. I» and ('.—Sir Kf. II A McKay, M. P. S. ; Sir Kt. W. Ilibson, ree. .Meets February, May, August niid November ODD FEI.I.oW.s. r.-KPKI'KNDKNTOKDKn Tinrtimjtoii Fiirtitiiimnut, No, 7., /. O. (). F.- .1. (', White, C. P.; ,1. W. Wilson, II. P. ; T. R. Iloneycmnb, 8. W.; .1. Cliicas, .1. W. ; (J. Midgley, treasurer; W. F. Cidlier, scribe- Kmlsior iMli/rt, No. 44, /. 0. 0. f'.— .Iiinies Addison, N. (J.; S. Robbins, V. ().; Win. Scott, R. S. ; Thus. McKay, P. ,S. ; R. C. Cooper, treiwurer. I'liili/ I/iili/i; No. 17, f. O. 0, F.— U. f'oiilter, N. (1. ; Henry .lohnson, V. 0.; W. F. Collier, R. S.; (ieo.Midg- ky, P. S. ; Alex. McKuy, treasurer. Cirscrnt IamIij,; No. 104, /. 0. 0. /■'.—Thomas .McCal- liim, N. (i. ; fjeo, llrilton, R. S.; A. McDoimhl, P. ,S. (h,/c Lnif Ij„I,,,, No. l.'il, /. O. O. F. — I. H. Coiiklin, S.U.; J. McKue, V. O. ; A. Patterson, R. S ; F. N. Xixoii, P. S. ; .lohn (Jroenfiold, treasurer. .M.ANfllE.STKR TNITV. Commrniiil Lodf/r, Nu. ft.— J. Roderick, HXi.; J. Phelps, PS, Unmilton Lodi/r, No. 7.— T. Parry, P.S. Strict Ottseivunee, No. 48 — Wm. Peebles, N.O.; W. Sharp, P.S. KNIGHTS OF MALTA. Supreme Fiinimiinioit, KM. of j4/mcc(V((.— Olficers n-siding in Hainiltoii : R. E. A. Land, M.EO. com.; V.E. Prelate E. (iraves Kittson, M.D. ; V.E. Registrar W. ,1. DutT; V.E-S.W., John Kelly ; D.D. (l com., E. Unives Kittson, M.I). ; lecturer, Joseph Hargrave. Star of Bithlchcm Fncampmcnt. — Sir Knights comp-, E- G. Kittson, C. ; Joseph Riddell, G. ; .Foseph Hargrave, C. O. ; John Kelly, P. ; Wm. J. Diifl', R.; Henson Cry- sler, treasurer; G. R. Myers, registrar. KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. Red Cross LkIjc, No. 3.— Bros. T- Pedlar, P.O. ; Jesse Chapman, C C A. ; C. Reid, M.I)., V.C.; Geo. Lance- field, P. ; (Jeo. Cavill, K. R. S. ANCIENT ORDER OF FORRESTERS. At the regular meeting of Court Pride of Ontario, No. ■'>040, of the above Order, held in their Hall ou Thursday evening, .Innuary 13th, the following brethren -vere elected and installed for the ensuing term : P.D.i .R., Bro. G. Maddocks, C. R.; P. I). C. R., Bro. St^rnkes, S.C.R: ; P.D.C.R:, Bro. J. B. Buckingham, secretary ; 90 Friitri, l». •Viiliiy- llrci. Iliiviil iK'Miliiy. I. Itro. IIiiuli rlii»oii, l''" VV. Miirtoii, ry. and ('.—Sir lilmoii, rrr. r. . F. .].{', loti(ty<'oiiil), livr ;' W. F. ie« Aililixoii, . S.; ThoH. Iter, N. U. ; ; (it'o. Midg- iniiR MvCal- M, v. H. \\- ('i)iikliii, < S ; F.N. , NU.; J. , X.O.; W. (VI.— OIBccrs KO. coin. ; K. RcgiHtriir (!• coin., F.. griivp. iglifH romp., Ii Fliirgriivc, Hciison Cry- P.C. ; Je»8e fleo. Lnnce- KRS. r>utiMHo, No. onThiirmiiiy 'thrpn n-ero :: P.I>.r.R., 0. StArnk. .1. Clnrkf. trciKiinT, (ri'-rl.'. i»f C. j .fnliii Nolilt-, Tyler. 'riiiTi- lire iiNo iM'vcml milHiriliiiiirx Mirii'ticii in tlif illv mill rniinty- Tin: iMt.MIMoN OK CANAI) flVlf, SKIIVICK MKTl'AI, IIF.NKirr ASSCoIATloN. OiK'Mii/f.l April lath, |s70. Ilnnl OlUn. o( (lie I'ro- vi*iun(il lliiiiril, lliiiiiiltdii, 1 )iiiurio. 'lllicciH: M«ut. (.'ill. I'atlon, pri'iiiili'nl.colln'fiiriiilmiil rrvi'iiiiii; firnt vicc-preHiilent, lli-nry Collicck, nHniiiduit |H>Mtiii(i«i|.r; Ht'ciiiiil vii'i'-prcHiili'iil, William OillcRliy, iiiHtoMiH. Kirnrtom, W. II. Kitlmin, C(illi'fl(ir of cimtiiiiii! ; H. V. ItiiiiN, iluputy collector ihlaiiil reveiinu; F. t*liepl'riil, ciistiiinit; Altreil Crinji, post oUieci ; (rcimnrer, .loliu It. Kilmer, ptiNi oHiee; Heirelary, W. !•". Miller, iii- laiiil revenue; aiiilitiii'N, .laiiieN (iorilon, poMt, oIKee ■ llerlierl I,. DiMiii, eiixtiiiiin. Ilaiiiillon DiviHion Local lluiinl. — II. \V. Wooilwaril, ciidloiiiH, cliftirnian i A. I). Ariiotr, inland roveniie, vi eliainnan; (}. H. AiliiHlronj.', pont olliee, iM-erefary-trea- Hiirer. The aiiinml nieetiiij; oldie lleail Hoaiil in lielil on the liiNt Monilay in March. The Koaril of DiiecloiK meet lour tiiiieH in each year e-vcfiisivc of the aniiiiul meeting, vi/ : on the Kecoiiil Monilay in each of tht! mnntliHof Jaiiimry, April, July anil October, IVomen's I'lmpfraiicf I'niuti. — Mrs. Dr. Rice, presi- ilent; MrH. Canieron, ami MrH. Hector, vice-presiilenlH ■ MrM. D. II. ChiHhoIni, reconling necrotary, MrH. Harriet McLaren, corresponding dccretury ; Mrs. Ilutcliiiison, treaHurer. KAILWAVs. (irml Wvntvin Itiulwaii of Canada.— K\. Hon. Hugh C. Uhilders, president, Kngland ; V. nroiighioii, general manager, HaniilUin ; C. Still; general Huperinteiident ; Ohas. Percy, trensurer; Thos. Tandy, inaiiager's -ecre- tary ; H. S. Barker, solicitor; J. McEwan, station mas- ter. llitmillnu ami Smih WmUrn Jinilway.— fieiwru] ofli- ces, cor. Cannon and Ferguson avonne ; A. A. Andergon, general »':periiitcndoiit, ; Win. Hodgers, mechanical superintendent; Mnitland Young, secretary; H. ,J. Black, accountant. HANKS. Bank 0/ IlamiUon.— ('npita\ subscribed, $l,OOO.nno. Head office, Hamilton. Donald McFiines, president; John Stnart, vice-president; James Turner, Edward Ouriiey, Dennis Moore, John Proctor, directors; H. C. Hammond, cashier ; E. A. Colquhoun, accountant ; K. Pinnington, messenger. Bank of Brilish North America.— King street, oast. Paid up capital 4.I,0(m».Ooo sturliiig. Incorpornted by Hoyal Charier. T. forsan, nwinager; W D. Chambers, neciHiiilaiit ; Thoiiiiis Wilson, nieoscnger. ('(itiiiilinii nanki'f Cnmnirrc-, ll,iwiltoii.— \V. McMiih- ter, president; W. N. Anderson, geiieml manager ; J. C.«Kiiiip, nianiiger; K. J. Pmith, accoiiiiiaiii ; W. May- iisrd, aKsisliint Accountant ; F. C. Minty, John Ferrise, tellers; John Coii.ins. Andrew .Stewart, messengers. Capital SCi.OlKI 1100. Ilauk of Moiilrnil. lino>ii«,iilril |s|m. P|ii,| ,„, capital »IV,(iO(»,0(M). D„viil Torrance, president ; R. II. AiiK H, general manager. Montreal; T. \{. Christian, niaiiiiger; ('.Sweeny, accmintanl ; C. C. Wyn.vnrd.lener; (leorge Tliomas, messenger. MficluiHl.i Bank of ('anoiia.— Va[>\ti\\ »i»,()()((,000. Will. Cook, manager; J. (.'. Oeddes, accountant ; W A, Hellhouse, teller ; T. C. S. (.'orry, ledger keeper Itoynl CanmUan Bank — Capital «L',(l()0,(l(m. II, ,11. A. Cainpbell; president ; J, M. Hums, manager : J. (Ira- '"""• ' intant; 1>. W. ,Shaw. teller; J. p„lni, h^ilgcr keeper ; J. J. Dean, discount .1 ;, P. H. Stuart, clerk ; Wni. Ilflverhill, messenger. fytinsnn'a Rank. — James Stinson, proprietor; C. },\. Coimsell, manager. THK H -'ILTON PROVIDENT AND LOAN SOCIETY. Incorporated l'«7l. Adam Hope, president; W. E. t>anlord, vice-priKident ; H D. Canieron, treasurer. lUIRLINOTON YACHT CLUB. PMwaid W. Hro WHO, commodore; .1. fl. Brewer, secre- tary; Capt. .las. Wylie, V. ('. ; E. H. Brooks, caiitain. STAGE ROUTES. The (cllowiiic stages h'ave the American hotel, cor. King and (Jliarles xdeets; Hamilton and (iwl,h _ Leaves Hamilton at 10.30 a.m., arrives at (iiielphato p.m. Leaves Oiielph at I0.:J0 a. m., arrives at Hamilton at r, p. n',, V»tp Sl.OO. Hamilton and jVi/^)>i.— Leaves Hamilton at 2. ."iOp.m., arrives at Milton at 7..'iO p. m. Leaves Milton at r, a. m., arrives at Hamilton at 10 am- Fare «l. 00. Hamilton and Ihindas.— Leaves at 12 noon and •0 p. in. Returning, leaves Diindas at 7. .30 a. m., and .1.30 p. ni- Fare -jr, eeiits. Hamilton and Anrantn.— Leaves at 10..30 a. m., and 4.30 p. m. Leaves Ancaster at 730 a. ni., and I p. ni. Fare a') cents. ST. JOHN, N. B. This is the commercial metropolis of the Province, and capital of the Co. of .St. John, is picturesquely situated at the mouth of a river of its own name, on a rocky pe- ninsula projecting into the harbor, l!)0 miles N.W. of Halifa.\, via Annapolis, or 27(1 miles, via Intercolonial railway, and 7(il miles S.E. of Montreal. Lat. 45 ® 14' (1 ' N., Ion. (i()° 3' 3C ' W. (Partridge Island light.) 4.1 vf 99 ; I U w jf E. A C. OURNEY. Tin's well known house was estublished in 1842, and is tlic largest rstabliRlinieiit of the kind in the Dominion. Their huildings in Ilinnilton are of brick, three storeys in height, and are qnite an ornament to the city, and tl(|iir brunch liousi in Toronto is almost as exteHsive, giving em- ployment to overtwo hnndredatid fifty hnnd8,n8ing thirty- iiorse steam power. Tlie celebrated Heaton Climax emery wheels, and emery-grinding machinory is mannfac- tured by this firm. The city is regularly laid out and well built. It stands on a declivity, and when approached from the sea has an imposing appearance. The whole of the elevated portion of the city consists of sohd rock, which, for tlie purpose of forming toieruMe streets, has liadin some places to be excavated to u depth of 30 and 40 feet. The buildings are chiefly of brick and stone, and many of the public edifices have an elegant appearance. The principal ones are St. Mary's Cathedral, (R.O.,) Lunatic Asylum, City Hospital, Court House and .Tail, Marine Hospital, Penitentiary, Alms House, Male Orphan Asy- lum, Academy of Music, Dramatic Lyceum, Mechanics' Institute, Skating Rink, and the Barracks. There are 34 places of worship in St. John, viz : Church of England 8 ; Roman Catholic 3 ; Presbyterian 7 ; Wcsleyan Methodist 6 ; Baptist 9 ; Congregatio- nal 1. The educational institutions comprise a grammar school, a Madras school, and a number of public and pri- vate schools. St. John has a number of religious and charitable so- cieties, a public library, 2 banks and 2 branch banks, 1 savings bank, an efficient fire brigade, fire ularm telegraph, 4 daily and several weekly newspapers, and a number of first class hotels. The thriving suburb of Carleton, on the opposite side of tlie harbor, is included within the city corporation. The harbor of St. John is capacious, safe and never obstructed by ice. Its entrance, about 2 miles S. of the city, is protected by Partridge Island, on which are a quarantine hospital and a lighthouse, the lantern 166 feet above the level of the sea. The passage W. of the island has in it 10 feet of water, that to the E. 16 feet, and abreast of the city there are from 8 to 22 fathoms ; both sides of the entrance are composed of sharp rocks, which become dry at low water. About f of a mile N. of the lighthouse is a vertical beacon, fixed on the edge of a rocky ledge which forms the W. side of the channel and has deep waior close to it. On the E. side of the chan- nel, below the town, a breakwater has been constructed to intercept the violence of the waves, occasioned by southeriy gales. The entrance of tlie River St. John into the liarbor, about li mile above the city, is through a rocky gorge, 90 "yards wide and 400 yards long, occa- sioning very remarkable falls. The ordinary rise of the tide in the harbor is 21 feet ; at the vernal equinox it rises 25 feet. At low water, the waters of the river are about 12 feet higher than those of the harbor, at high water the waters of (he hari)or are -') feet higRor than those of the river, hence the phenoinena of a fall outwards and inwards at every tide. Above tlio falls the tide seldom rises more than 4 feet. When the waters of the harbor and river are on a level vesstds can pass the falls, and this can be effected only during a period of 10 or 20 mi- nutes at each ebb and flow of the tide. At times ofgreat freshets, occasioned by the sudden melting of the snow, the tides do not rise to the level of the river, and conse- quently it is not possible for vessels to ascend the fall. The dej)tli of tlie tall is about 17 feet. Spanning the rocky gorge, about 100 feet above low water, is a mag- nificent suspension bridge 640 feet in length. Number of dwellings in St. John in 1872,3,479. St. John is the entrepot of a wide extent of country, abounding in agricultural resources, minerals and valu- ble timber. Its admirable situation at the mouth of one of the largest rivers in North America, with a harbor open all the year round, with regular steam communica- tion with all the main ports of Nova Scotia, and the northern portion of the United States, with first class railways running from it in every direction, with exten- rive maritime and manufacturing interests, ensures the certainty of its becoming a city of the greatest commer- cial importance. i St. John has manufactories of iron castings, steam en- gines, machinery, edge tools, nails, cotton and woollen goods, boots and shoes, leather, wooden ware, soap and candles, carriages, locomotives, agricultural implements, lumber, paper, sugar boxes, &c. Its most important brnnch of industry, however, is shipbuilding. The number of vessels built in 1872 was 74 (tons 28,914 , The number of arrivals at St. John in 1872 was 1,662 (tons 420,900), and the clearances 1,-527 (tons 466.967). Total value of imports $7,534,099 ; exports 83,050,181 ; viz : products of the forests 82,007,831 ; of the fisheries 8138,843 ; of the mines 827,182 ; animals and their pro- ducts $75,544; agriculturid products 821,235; and manufactures $636672, of which sugar boxes represent 8508,763. Between 600 and 900 men are yearly engaged in the fisheries in the harbor of St. John. Salmon, shad, her- rings, alewives, halibut and haddock are taken in '-(rge quantities. The streeis of St. John are lighted with gas, and the city is well 8upplie«han,cal engineer, who has for years made the tmery Wheel Busmess a special study, and «e oftr this Wheel confident that in Iced oiThir *^ '""^' '■""^'''"""■' °f "-'o- ^''-^. -" - ;: quality than an^'Uer wla ' '^'' '°"^" """ ^ «'-" " "^ '""-S i. cu,.. ' " ™'- " "'" "" •' «"J ■1>««'1' Tho faster it run., u- sr.i„,,v, tl. better CLIMAX WHEELS cannot glaao CLIMAX WHEELS GIVE OFT NO SMELL WHEN IN USE ^adre«« ^^^^ ^^« CIRCULAK AND PRICES. HAMILTON nn+ » O l"l j^ r^^ I _ '! ii < ■*)! ' \ %.m |i ' ! ii I , VICTORIA WIRE WORKS, HAMILTON. Those works were establislu'd in I8j!». The factory is sitiiiited at lli.' corner of Hess and IVtcr stiwts, coveiiiig lialf an utic of ground. Tho (iictory is well siipidied with nil tlie most ai)i)rovod machinery. The tirm wa.s awardud the first prizt! at the Provincial ex- hibition in Handlton, 18GS, and at London, Ontario, in 1S73. This is the only complete wire mill in the Province of Ontario. Although stittlements have been mad.' ijj Acadia for many years no mention is made of St. Juim until 1(104 wlien the French explorer, Chamidain, pilot of an expe- dition con.mundcd by M. de Moots, after coasting along the shores of Nova Scotia, crossed the Hay of Fune!ess was success, she con- sented to terms of peace, aflbrde i by D'Aulnay, if she would surrender the fbrt. He, imuu-diately upon getting pos.session, disregarded all the conditions agreed to, hung the whole garrison, and compelled this noble wonnm, with a rope around lier neck, to witness the execution ; she, a few days afterwards, died of a broken heart. In 1050, Latour returned to St. John, and received from the widow of D'Aulnay, who had died in the meantime, the possession of bis old fort. In 1053 they were mar- ried, and he once more held peaceable control of his for- mer lands as well ai those of his deceased rival. In 1054 an expedition was sent by OliverCroniwellfroni England, which captured Acadia from the French, and Latour was once more deprived of bis property and possession. In 1057, Acadia was ceded to France by the treaty of Breda, but no settlement of importance wn.s made until the year 1749, when a fort was built at the mouth of the Nerepis river, about 10 miles from the city of St. John. In 1745, the French were again driven out by the English; and in 175s, a garrison was established at St. John, under the command of Colonel Moncton. In 1704, the first English settlers came to New Brunswick, but no perma- nent settlement was made until l7S:i, when the Royalists arrived and founded the present city of St John. It was created a town by Royal Charter in 1785. St. John (city and county) returns 3 members to the House of Commons and to the Provincial Legislature. Population of the city in ISOl, 27,317; in 1871,a^805. LONDON. This is the capital of the Co. of Middlesex, on the River Thames, 121 miles W. of Toronto, 107 miles E.N. E. of Windsor. It has a fine appearence, tho streets arc lighted with gas auu are wide and run at right angles to each other. Upon them are many excellent buildings. It is tho centre of the finest agricultural region of Canada, and a sort of diverging centre of three railways, being the junction of a branch of the Great Western to .Sarnia from the main line, the northern terminus of the London ami Port Stanley railway, and having a branch of the Grand Triudi from St. Mary'.s, connecting it with that line. London confains branch banks, 2 telegraph agencies, a number of fine hotels, a host of stores, 4 printing offices, issuing 3 daily and several weekly new.sj)apers, an exhi- bition building, a lunatic asylum, orphan asylum, hospital, 9 schools, a convent, 4 colleges (imduding Huron College, Hellmuth College and Hellmuth Ladies College, three good educational establishments,) and 19 churches (in- cluding Church of England and Roman Catholic Cathe- draLs.) St. Paul's church (church of England), is one of the tew in Canada possessing a peal of bells. The manufactories of London are represented by extensive iron foundries and machine shops, mills, breweries, chemical works, petroleum refineries, tanneries, boot and shoe, soap and candle, musical instrument, cabinet, carriage, and other factories, &c. The connni rcial aH'airs of the city are regulated by a Board of Trade. The city returns 2 members to the House of Commons and 1 to the Provincial Legialature. During the suunner mouths large numbers of invalids and health seekers visit London to enjoy the benefit of its white sulphur springs (famed for their medicimil (|ualities). London is a port of entry. Total value of imports for 1^*72, $1,740,^50, exports 81,470,203. Population in lb52, 0,034; ISOl, 11,555; 1871, 15,820. 102 1(1 Latour wns MDCHsion. In •eaty of'Hrcda, until the year Df'tlit? Nerepis olin. In 1740, Eiigliiiii ; and John, under 704, the first mt no periua- thu lioyulists lohn. It was iiKMiibi'rs to le Provincial t, 27,317; in esex, on the J7 miles E.N. ho streets are gilt anglesi to > buildings, ral region of rce railways, t Western to minus of the ing a branch ;ting it with apli agencies, intingotlices, lers, an exlii- urn, hospital, iron College, •ollege, three hurdles (in- tholic Catlie- and), is one ■Us. resented by iiiops, mills, es, tanneries, instrument, [iilnted by a to the House ure. During Is and health of its white il ((ualities). imports for VHtulatioii in EST..SLISHED 1859 ! ! ESTABLISHED 1859 m ¥I€T0RIA WIRE HILLS HllILTON, Corner of Hess and Peter Streets. )| < ! ' B. GREENING & CO., Wire Drawers, and Manufacturers of Every description of Wire Work, Sieves, Riddles and Steel Wire Brushes, for Iron Founders h strong Wire Web, by Steam Power, for Miaiag P Railways, Malt Kiln Floors, &c., Galvanized Wire Rope for Shipping, Pliable Steel Robes for Transmitting Power and Contractors Use. Ornamental and Stained Wire Fencing made by Machlnerv ii LEEDS AGRICULTUltAL IMI'LEMKNT WOHKS. These works vvori! estiil)li«lit'cl in 1S74 by Mr. Geo. Gillies. Tlie factory and ofliee are situated on the con- fluence of the (runaiioqiie and St. Lawrence rivers, in the town of Gaiiai)o(|iie. The buildings are of brick, ntul are very handsome, covering about half an acre of ground, giving employment to from forty to fifty bands. The agricultural implemeMts manufactured in this estab- lishment have been awarded the first prize at the provin- cial exhibilion held in Ottawa in ls>75. OUELPH. Gi.'Kr.i'ii is the Com 'v Town of the County of Welling- ton, Province of Oiitai Situatedinoneof the most fer- tile portioiisof the Dominion, about midway between the great lakes, its climate is at once moderate and healthy. Tlie Grand Trunk rnilwhy runs tlirough the centre of tlie town, and tlie Wellington, Giey and Rruce exten- sion of the Great Western railway rinis about lialf a mile west of the centre. Guelpli is forty-eight miles west of Toronto, and thirty miles north of Hamilton. It is sur- rounded by a magnificent agricultural and stock-raising country, being celebrated far and near for the superiority of its products. In its manufactures, the town has a celebrity scarcely e((nalled by any in the Dominion, and OS a connnercial town it has perhaps no superior outside of the cities. It has every advantage for the shipment of its products to any part of the world. There is also quite a large wholesale business done here, especially in groceries, liquors, hardware and crockery — the dealers along the line of theAVellington, Grey and Bruce railway and the other northern points finding it to their advan- tage to procure tiieir supplies here. The limestone quarries of Guelpli give her ample building material of the best quality. Large quantities of lime and building material are amuially exported, and are of considerable commercial importance. The town is situated among several hills, with two branches of the River Speed, which give it something of a picturesque aspect when viewed from a distance. The public buildings and churches compare with any in towns of farlarger size, both for taste displayed in their erection, and for capacity. The business is all on the west side of the River Speed, the East being ranged with beautiful private residences, rising from the river bank, upon a series of liills, 800 feet above Lake Erie. The Town limits are three miles sipiare ; thus affording ample room for expansion. The original plan laid down by the projector of the town has not been adhered to in tlie more recentadditions. Tradition has it that this individual laid bis hand upon the stump of the first tree cut down, and made all his streets diverge from that point, in rasemblance of the five fingers. As viewed from the Grand Trunk passenger station this tradition holds nood, for here we have, first. the streets each side of the JIarket Square, then Slacdon- nell street, Quebec and Woolwich streets, all centering there. Although the town is somewhat irregularly laid out, her streets are wide, clean and picturesque. Ouelph can boast of an h6nourable descent. Her title deeds arc clearly made out, for there is extant a descrip- tion from till- pen of the talented founder himself, Jolm Gait, of the lirst Idow struck at the first monster raaplo upon the site of the present thriving town, which will be found in our notice of Mr. David Allan's mill and dis- tillery on page 8. The land, as most local readers are aware, belonged to the Can.ida Company ; and, of a block of 40,000 acres submitted to inspection, the present site was unanimously agreed upon. On the 23rd of April, IS20, Mr. John Galt,Dr.Dunlop and Mr. Prior, agents of the Canada Company, awoke the echoes of the wilderness by a sturdy stroke, whose effects yet reverberate and will until the grand visions of its foimder are amply fulfilled. Tlic founder of the town, Mr. John Gait, recounts how ho chose St. George's day for the operation referred to, in order to give additional solemnity thereto. " The founding of a town," says he, " like the launch- ing of a vessel, was an era of which the horoscope might be cast. I accordingly appointed a national holi- day for the ceremony ; which secretly I was determined should be held in remembrance." The liistoric spot where the first tree was felled is to be found near the present Qrand Trunk Passenger Sta- tion. The embryonic " city " was there and then chris- tened GuELPH with due solemnity. " The tree," writes Mr. Gait, " feel with a crash of accunmlated thunder, as if ancient nature were alarmed at the entrance of social man into her innocent solitudes with his sorrows, his follies and his crimes. I do not sup- pose that the sublimity of the occasion was unfeltbythe others, for I noticed that afler the tree fell, there was a funeral pause as when the coflin islowered into the grave ; it was, however, of short duration, for Dr. Dunlop pulled a flask of whisky from his bosom and we drank pros- perity to the city of Guelpli. The name was chosen in compliment to the Royal Family, both because I thought it auspicious in itself and because Icould not recollect that it had ever before been used in all the King's dominions. After the solemnity, we returned to the shanty which had been erected for our shelter. It may appear ludic- rous to many readers that I look upon this iiii;ident with gravity, but in truth I am very serious ; for although Guolph is not so situated aseverto become celebrated for foreign commerce, the location possesses many advantages, independent of being situated on a tongue of land, sur- rounded by a clear and rapid stream. In planning the city I had an eye to futurity in the magnitude of the parts. A beautiful central hill was reserved for the Catholics in compliment to my friend liisliop Macdonnell, for his advice in the formation of the Canada Company ; the centre of a rising ground, destined to be hereafter a square. 104 a felled is to LEEDS AGRICULTURAL rMPLEMENT WORKS, 3r -A. 3V .A. JXr O C? XJ ES . Collard's Patent Flexible Iron Harrow. Collard's Patent Flexible Iron Cultivator. Collard's Patent [ion Conibinod Horse Iloe. Mani-facti;rkd nv GANANOQIJK, ONTARIO. ^* -A. n n o XV . 'th it) !i 4ii.>fi',,n ~i.:„i. 4 »I 10 a steel tool]). an.leqmillvdrcasca tlje lami on both si.k-^ ..fii n ■ ■ - "- tAKlnor otf a Qpoiinn «„.r i T. ^ ... '^" '"*• ding Olio draught Tlicae ,„ ,.■•"- '"">""»"" "I 'our or more spciin «,.i, „ ." ," ""■' '""" nurronr used. ""' '"' "ui-vtu surtaccs I a I, lilt more limn .(uo ll«.-_ih,. |ig|„„ is in'-i- of il.^^^^ '^n^rns of iron_i|,e licavicr of } inbf r woiX isV L* '","°'?' ?"'' «nl«a'<-'J by addin ' ■■■111 J'lIllllIMi OTTJL.TiVATon. he same size of iron as tlie hull. i,„-,r,'v,i, ".",'""'■, '.'.i«.'«'lli «re made from eiglit or ...- .^v^» ... vn..ii Devuoii accord the same size ol iron as the bulls, laid'wilh slwlunl ,':!",'"'" "™ presenling a sharp edge in front Tin fool "l^h ',■'"',"' T" * 'i''''""" '"'"^ and resembles a mi„i„T„„. ,|o„,,|e mo Id ,,l ,« T . , .'"i '*''»I'^"f arator< ", ZJZhT"''^ ''•'.'""* "" •"" '"P- ran be used, uu■ ^l'"' weeds, Ihey cannot be equalled. Tl e eet'en S „r "r''',«"'''' '"'"'"K '"'^'""^ over s,.t feet, weighs ISO lbs., will, a d™ .-1? of aL?!l ■ •- n'''''"'"'': •""* " ""l<-' handled by a coiimon pair of horses '>'" "' "''"'" ■'-■• Ibs.-aiid can be The Cultivator can be made in sections two or three feel i„ „ •'"" '" ''•■'■■"uus two or three feel in wiilll XI<3ZIS£3 HOB. eftaijy if dt'sirnble. Tbe rut below shows oue section of Mr r k i* ^ . llo'," ami is set for the iirsl wo7k' ili"" shown itself lie " root held,' , termed the " li'orso shortly after the crop ha.s After havlDg gone OTcr the field with the " Il,„^„ ii ir or live days until the weeds be™," willed Tv "" ''™'"-'''; '""""y ^'"^ good tondiiion, at a great saving of ejpense .. ...^ „.._,., ..mil iiie weens oeeome "iiplement into a Scarifier and go tInouKh vourro,,! ,% ' "■■ ■■■>"iii jour i - T " " ^ good eonditioo. at „ ..„. ■!.. ... J"' V:rhld";i;,;iur'."- '■>■ "" ■■-- >■"" ^-" -"^ ground well loosened, soft, the wced.^own, and your crop i„ again and throw the e„rll, b'Ick to "hj pl.^nu "' '"•' "'""'' • «" <"" "i^ "op wise ,e It i.. „' liRl,to,,e.|, rfe oul M,„1H .^/'''""'I'l 'J'?" ™''''' ^'^ "'h"- ra/JJ'j'dheaTlrih: uu"nula&:"'" ""• """'""™'' '^-"^ «f^ reasonable GEORGE GILLIES, Manufacturer. 105 FROM Detroit to Buffalo. Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal. Quebec, and Portland. ii','' The Grand Trunk Railway has been relaid with Steel Rails, has been narrowed to the uniform American gauge, and has an increased supply of fine Rolling Stock unexcelled by that of any first class line on the continent. As a through route the Grand Trunk International Line forms an integral part with the magnificent Steamers of the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Company and the numerous con- nections by rail and water for the beautiful Lakes Champlain and George, the exquisite scenery of the White Mountains, the grandeur of the Hudson River, and the wild, majestic Saguenay and Gulf of St. Lawrence. It has been made a special undertaking by the management to combine in their issue of Niagara Falls Excursion Tickets every available 'variety of mountain, rail and water trip at the very lowest rates, and to the public it will be useful information to know that such an issue of tickets is on sale by all the Trunk roads on the continent, and in all the great commrcial centres of the United States. A finer, healthier, and more delightful route for the Southern tourist in northern latitudes, and for the lover of beautiful scenery, and cool refreshing breezes is not to be found on this continent. Visitors to the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia, will find a full line of Excursion tickets on sale by a large variety of routes and at various rates via the Grand Trunk and Riche- lieu Line of Steamers from Niagara Falls to Quebec, White Mountains, Lakes Champlain and George, Saguenay River and Gulf Ports. Agencies are established in New York, Boston, Buffalo, New York State, Detroit, Chicago, and at all principal Western and Southern cities of the Continent. Passengers from the West and South will find the Northern route to and from the Centen- nial the most advantageous one to travel by, and to those desirous of selecting the Southern route the advantages ofl-ered, via the International Bridge and the Lehigh Valley line, in the magnificent Pullman Cars, which run through from Chicago and Detroit to New York and Phil- adelphia, are superior to those of any other through line. W. WAINWRIGHT, Gentrai Pauengtr Agent. 106 Condensed TImeJable of Grand Trun STATIONS. Ltave Boston, " Portland, (Grand Trunk R.R.) " Quebec, << k " Richmond, " « Boston, (via Lowell) - Montreal, (Grand Trunk R.K.) " Prcscott, " .. " Brockville, " " Toronto, " i4rr/w Stratford, " « Ltave Philadelphia, (via Pennsylvania R R ) . " Philadelphia, (via Erie R.R. & Lehigh Valley R.R ) ' New York, (via N. Y. Cent, and Iltdson R^ver R.R New York, (via Erie R.R.) . " Buflalo, (Grand Trunk R.R) - ^mw Stratford " '• . " Goderich " " . . " Detroit, " " . " Chicago, (via Michigan Central R.R.) " St. Louis, (via Chicago & Alton R.R.) - . " . ^mw Milwaukee, - . . . STATIONS. Leave Milwaukee, - . . . " ^!:. Louis, (via Chicago & Alton R.R.)' . Chicago, (via Michigan Central R R ) . " Detroit, (via Grand Trunk R.R ) . " Goderich, " « _ _ " Stratford, " « vlrn'w Buffalo, " « " New York, (via Erie R.R.) - . ' ;' New York, (via N Y. Cent. & Hudson River u nuT r?'^' (^'* Nortncrn Cent. R.K;) Philadelphia, (via Erie R.R.) ". ^ll!H^iFl''a. (via Bu^alo, New York & Phil R ^»r«w Philadelphia, (v' Northern Cent. R.R.) Leave Stratford, (Grand Trunk R.R.) ^rriw Toronto, " < " Brockville, « <( " Prescott, « « " Montreal, " « " Boston, (via Central Vermont R.R.) Richmond, (via Grand Trunk R.R.) - " Quebec, " " " Portland, « « ^rWw Boston, Condensed Time Table of Grand Trunk R.R.) R.) ' 7.40 P.M 9.00 A.M 5.45 P.M I2.J5 n'ht 4-55 *-M. 9.58 P.M 6.45 •' 8.25 P.M ■ ••••• 3JO " 1.25 A.M. 5.15 A.M. 4.05 P.M. 4.40 P.M 9. JO P.M , 5.15 P.M 2.50 A.M 7-00 A.M 9.20 A.M 1-55 P.M. 7-25 A.M 7.00 A.M 10.10 " 6.40 A.M, 7-00 A.M. 7.00 " 9.20 A.M. 1.05 P.M. 1.45 A.M, 6.55 A.M, 1.30 P.M, 5.20 P.M. 4»5 P.M. 7.50 A.M. 9.OQ P.M. 7J0 A.M. 12.^10 noon J.05 P.M. 8.00 P.M. 1.40 P.M. lO.JO A.M. 10.25 " 2.05 P.M. 7.35 A.M. • t • t • « 305 P.M. 6.50 " J.JO A.M. 4.00 A.M. 8.00 A.M. 10,00 P.M. I0.J5 A.M. 2.05 P.M. • • • • k » ••i I il rl i: OCTAVE OIRAKI). Tlie large mniiufncfory of oli-gantly plate.l coffin ImiMlles (111(1 tri.niuiiiga oC Jfr. Ootnvo o'irnnl jh situated lit ai-'O to i>L'(i Notio Daniti street, Three Rivers, am] was eNtabli^lieil in lS(il. The hnii(hiig has n frontage of one hnncheil feet on Notre Dame street, by u deptii of one hnnihed and liffy feet and furnishes enipUjyruent to nl)out thirty liands— this being the only house in the Dominion which makes n specialty of niarndacturingeonintrinnnings. Mr. Oirard has every facility for turning out first-class work, and makes some of the finest goods to he found anywhere. Undertakers would consult their own interest by ordfr- ilig direct from tlie factory at Three Rivers instead of buying from jobl)ers, as they would save the jobbers' pro- fit of about twenty per cent. This is a fact well worth noting, and undertakers would do well to remember it. wasappropriated to theEpiscopal Church for Archdeacon Strachan ; and anotherrising ground was reserved for the Presbyterians. In plaiming the town, I stipulated that half the price of the building sites should be ap[)ropriated to endow a school. The school-house was thus among the first buildings undertaken to draw settlers. Before the foundations of the town were laid, land was valued by the magistrates in cpiarter sessions at one shilling and three pence per acre, and the settled townships around at seven shillings and si.\pence." The enterprise manifested was, at a very early date, the admiration of visitors, who even journeyed hither from Edinburgh to indulge their curiosity. "The glory of Guelpli was unparalleled, but, like all earthly glories, was destined to pass a way. It consisted of a glade opened through the forest, about seven miles in length and 130 feet wide, forming an avenue with trees on each side." Considerable difficulty was experienced in settling upon a name for the place, and it was the cause of a protracted struggle between Mr. Gait and the Canada Company. Long after the celebration of the baptismal rites, the contest was maintained, with the object of changing its name to Ooderich. Fate being propitious, Mr. Gait gttincd and held his point. For several years there was no baker in Guelph, the residents being thrown upon the charity of a woman who " did for them " once in a while. There was a grist mill belonging to the Canada Company, but it wasimper- fect, so that people had, for over nine years, to get tlieir flour from Waterloo. An enterprising English baker (Jlr. S. Wright,) at length purchased the Canada Com- pany's office and turned it into a bakery. His first at- tempt, however, was only a [lartial success. The oven wasbuilt of limestone, on a foundation of cedar wood, and was in the open air. It belonged to the Canada Company. Being unused to wood-fires, our baker solicited coun- sel; unfortunately listening to the witching voice of the female baker, who directed him to make the oven white- hot. In conse(pn.nce, tlu! oven cnnnbled to powder before his eyes, while a gr |y multitude helped them- selves to the loaves. It is recorded, also, how a person pmd >;j(i for the carriage of eighteen barrels of flonr from Mr. Ewart's of Dundas, to (Juelph. Thefounilersofthctown were ambitions. Having pro- vided for th.> erection of a school, while scarcely a tree was cut, they erected a .Market-house and a Bank. The h.rnier was a frame building, and was more designed to bnnisl, occn,,ation to the carpenters who n.ight migrate hither, than Ironi any innnediate need of such a building 'I'he Bank was of stone. The old s,.hoolhou8e, for a long whde . Previous to that date there were two separate efibrts to publish a paper, but each failed after a trial of a few weeks. The Aiherfmr was then commenced, under the management of Mr. John Smith, and successfully conducted by him until 1857 when it was purchased by Jlr. P. Clerihew. In 1858 it again changed hands, and for the succeeding twelve years was published by Mr. J. Wilkinson. The Herald was established 1S47 by the late Mr. Geo. Pirie, and success- fully conducted by him until his death, a few years since. The Mercury was commenced in 1854 by the late Mr 108 L OCTAVE GIRARD, Manufacturer of GOLD ANB SILVER PLATED I Coffin Trimmings ^ cfco. s k ij The Trade Liberally Dealt wi with. ^JSTJD ^Ricji] LIST. FACTORY AND OFFICE 22\i 222 99i a oon ^^, ^^\), 222. 22i and 226 NOTRE DAME ST, IJr i I !N !, b fiEOIKlE nnANT, MiiiiiiliHlnrpr of iioiNting inacliiiidy. F.ntHl.lmticcI in IS73. Tho (iictoiy iiiul ollirc niu sitiiiitcil nii the cornor of KiiiK ihkI .IciIiii Htri'cfn, in Hit' tciwii of |)iiii|i is CO |,y ir,, two utoroy* in lieigiit. Tliu steain-lmiating niiicliinery maimCaotured liiif in of u •iipci-ior id town lots were sold at very high prices. In 1856, ihe Catholic Convent was established upon the historical hill set spart for the Catholic community by John, Oak. Guelph was incorporated as a town in is.'jC. , l.injt ofhri.-k, throe iitorey. Ill heiglif, four liini,lr.'<; ami nixty-five feet front by lixty fe-t .leep, the foundry u built of brick, two .toreyi in height, laox/io j the pat, em iihop in 100 x. 50, two (.toi«yn in height, the forging nhop i. lao x .'lO ; the WHrehoiue in two itorey* in lieight, K'Ox.ld. TodoHeribe all o| (l,« ,„i- mcrous buildiiigM coimeoted with thlHentabliHliiiieiit would be inorfl than we eould do, br our upace in liinite.l. The oflicoa of tlie Company are very neatly arranged. There wo found the worthy pr.wd-nt, F. W. Olen, looking an fresh and good-nuturod as ever, and receiving everybody in a businesK and gentlemanly vay. The buildings, ysr.li, etc., , .ver about five acres of ground. Two hundred men lind employment in this cstalilishment ; using one hundred and twenty horse •team power. fit, -ibstantial stone structure. In this building ii situ- ate.! the town offices, comprising Mayor's office, Police O'ttrt, Clerk's office, Ac, the meat and vegetable market, ami a magnificent new Hall, lately comi.leted. The origi- nal cost of the building was «tiO,000 and the new Hull just added »;.'0,OnO. Tlie town is divi.lcd into four Wards, viz.: North Ward, South Ward, Kast War.l, and West Ward, each of which is represented at the Council Board by three Councillors. The Court House for the County of Wellington is a fine stone building, situated on Woolwich street. The Assize Courts are held here in the spring and autumn of each year. County Court hoid two sittings in each month, to try issues by a jury, and once a month to try issues without a jury. The Criminal Court is held on the second and fourth Wednesday of each month. The Division and Surrogate Court offices are also situ- ated in this building. St. Joseph Hospital.— Established for the careof sick persons of any denoniinflion or creed, is situated at the Catholic Glebe, near the I idon Road, and is attended by the sisters of St. Jo^epi. 't \h under the chargeof the Rev. Fath-^r Joseph De 1 .ibt.) Ouelph General Hosjiitai,' m. -bd m ( ,. Eramosa Hill, is managed by a board .,>r;5hr.-.. ,« vf.o are elected by subscribers to the instit j.;;-., , . ■ ttci ded by the n « dical men of the town, week .vh -.t ii, .04,ation. Visiting hour, 2 p.m., daily, when the patients are aU admitted. Resident hospital staff consist of medical hospital assis- to.' matron and mine., |H)rter, Ac. The building i. of wlMU. ).r„,k, ,wo storey, high, with ba«,menl«n,| a man- «rd f..,l Ihe ventilation i. goo•) ; ;,i Onn,' i,. Central linking the frontier to the Capital ol the Dominion or! the one hand, and with the upper water, of the Ottawa, the greatest I.taioering producing section in the world,' on the other. Directly opposite the town, on the Ame- rican side of the river, terminate, the Utica and Black River Railway, placing New York City within a 12 hour.' ride, and connecting with the Central and the vast net-work of railways leading to every state in the Union. The growth of the town ha. been gradual, never fostered by undue excitement, the progreM being .teady, and upon a wlid and substantial basis. Thepublic build- ings, including the Court House and marketo are large and imposing, evidence, of the enterpriw and energy of the 112 OSHAWA, ONTARIO. SstabUalaed 1851. JOSEPH HALL MANUFACTURLW COMPANY y'oM/e and Stationary Steam Endues AND BOILERS LEFFELLS DOUBLE TURBINE^ WATER WHEELS ail s,.es, Plane:, Drilling Machine. Btingl"^;;':^^'" °' Cuuers, Wo„d WoAing Machinery ofall kint " Ca,a«gs of all ki^Sli^Sli- W or Brass. For further Information addres, F- W. GLEN, President, A. «, Mr ^« .i>i«>^>_ — ■-** -at, ^i.^X'^ -J R. HAY & CO. Thii celebrated furniture uiunufnctory was egtablislied in 1830. This in one of tlie largest furniture factories in the Dominion, giving emidoynient to over five hundred hands. The factory is situated on Front street, extending to tlie Luke, taking in the wliole block. It is built of brick, five storeys in heiglit, and is nn ornament to Toronto and a credit to tlie Company. The furniture manufac- tured by tliis Company is sold all over the Dominion and England. The warerooms and offices are situated at 19 and 21 King street West. We might continue describing this mammoth establishment, but, as our space is limited, and the name is so well known, it is not necessary to make any further remarks. inhabitants. The town has )io bonded debt, an important consideration to tiio capitalist and manufacturer, as well as the gentleman of leisure wlio intends becoming a citizen. Taxes are low, being fully .50 per cent, less than in most of the towns of a similar population in Ontario. During the summer months there is a constant succes- sion of tourists passing from Niagara Falls and the AVest, down the St. Lawrence, via the rapids. A few miles above the town the islands are embellished with charming summer residences, the resort of thousands from the American cities, who yearly spend a few weeks in the Great Park prepared by the hand of nature, and pronoun- ced by all who have been fortunate enough to visit it to be " the most beautiful spot on the globe. " Countless steam yachts transport the visitors from isle to isle, and during the last season for months the river presented a gay panorama of excursion boats, crowded with visitors from every state of the Union, and Province of the Do- minion. Gay camping parties located upon the islands, with flags floating, and miniature cannon ready to fire the salute of welcome. Fourlargecampraeetinggroundshave been established, —two upon Well's Island, one upon the Canadian shore, five miles above the town, the other upon the American shore, two miles below the town. The population of the town has doubled during the past decade, and is rapidly increasing. At the present time real estate is improving in value ; large numbers of buildings are being erected, including many private resi- dences of the most substantial character. Tiie signs of thrift and industry are met on every hand, and indications of themoBt unmistakeable character demonstrate thatin a very few years Brockvilie will become a city. Shrewd business men, alive to the brilliant prospects of the town, are purchasing real estate and settling hore, knowing full well that their investments are destined to return to them a rich harvest. Brockvilie boasts of several good hotels, foremost amongst which stands the St. Lawrence Hall, kept by Mr. Neil McCarney, a gentleman of long experience in the business and one who " knows how to run a hotel. " A project is on foot for building a largo summer Hotel on one of the islands at the western limit of the town, with a bridge connecting with the main land. A grant has also been made for embellishing a small park on Court House Square. In truth upon every side improve- ment is tlie order of the day. Viewed as a place for the transaction of business, or as a home in wiiich to pass the last declining years of life the town has but few equals. Upon the completion of the Canada Pacific Railway, Brockvilie becomes the eastern terminus of the great trans-continental route, and, connecting witii the American system of railways wiU be the Canadian port through which the commerce from China and the Pacific coast will reach the Atlantic markets. A few hundred yards above the town are a number of smaU islands, situated in a direct line from the American to the Canadian shore, and forming natural abutments for the construction of an International bridge, which in time is certain to be built to complete the link between tlie radway systems of the two countries. The channel of the river at this point is extremely narrow, while shoal water extends in a line with the islands, thus favor- ing the cheap construction of the bridge. Annually the vast lumber region to the north is becom- ing more and more important, and from this port each season is shipped millions of feet of lumber for the Ame- rican markets. During the past decade several manufactories establish- ed, have been highly prosperous and successful, at present turning out large quantities of goods that find a market m every Province. The Municipal authorities are anxious to encourage legitimate enterprises employing skilled mechanics, and for this purpow have granted in several instances bonuses to assist in establishing the same Parties desirous of becoming citizens of the town, and estabhshing factories, will meet with a liberal and cordial reception. The central position of the town to the markets, thus reducing to the minimum the cost of freight; the water communication, by which coal may be brought from the American lake ports, or from Nova Scotia ; the abundance of wood material to the north, with which a direct line of railway connects ; the rich agricultural region of Central Canada, aflbrding a market for immense quanti- ties of manufactured goods; the low rate of taxation : the unrivalled salubrity of the climate and beautiful location of the town ; the railway facilities ; the compa- rative short distance from New York, Montreal and Toronto; the admirable puWic and high schools ; the ex- cellent society and well known public spirit of the inha- bitants, '11 conspire to render Brockvilie, both as a place of residence and a point for business, one of the most inviting places of location in Canada. 114 lerience in the n a hotel. " Bummer Hotel it of the town, ind. A g^arit inmll park on ' side improve- businesg, or a* years of life, completion of becomes the iiiental route, 1 of raihvaya, the commerce the Atlantic ) a number of the American al abutments Ige, which in link between The channel irrow, while s, tliug favor- rth is becom- lis port each for the Atne- ies establish- Ill, at present lid a market IS are anxious yitig skilled d in several J the same, e town, and J and cordial larkets, thus • J the water fht from tiie B abundance I direct line 1 legion of iiise quanti- if taxation ; d beautiful the compa- )ntrenl and >Is ; the ex- )f the inha- 1 as a place r the most R. HAY & CO., CABINETMAKEES 1 >i AND olsterers. 19 and 21 KING STREET, WEST, TORONTO. f ■ f it t FACTORY, ESPLANADE. :-:? r THE HAMILTON TOOL COIIPANY, IfASIILTON, ONT-MilO, Mi.niii:i,.tuivis of Iron ami Woo.I Working M,K'Iiiiii.iy. Tins Joint .Stork Coiniiaiiy was ortfauizcd and went into operation in tlie early part of the year 1S7-^. At that time it wa.s the practice of those needing lirst-eluss tools to purchase them from the United States. In order to supply this want, and to meet the re(|nirements of the trade this Company was established, and the prospectus "to supply machine tools sirniiiUo iwiir and to obtain for the Hamilton Tool Company a (irst-ehiss reimtation " has been fiiilhfully carried out. The works of the Comiiany occnpv extensive |)remises adjoining the Great W.'stern liailwav, and the shop is ecpiipi.ed with the best plant ol)tained from the leading shops of the United .States, and has fiicilities for turning out work not possessed by any other factory of the kind in the country. The largest portion of Hie traile of this Comiiany is in the manufin-ture of iron working machinery. The patterns of these tools have been selected chiefly from the principal mnmifactiirers in I'liiladelj>bia, and on several machines iir^ovenients of ditli.rent makers have been condjined. The C pany make a specially of the man- ufacture of steam liaimners, this being theonly shop in the country where these labour-saving machines are made. In wood working machinery a specialty is made of band sawing machines, and all the appliances connected therewith. A department for the construction of iron railway and highway bridges has been recently established. The com- pany has seemed the services of an eminent engineer from the United .States, and is now actively engaged in that branch ofmauufacturc, for which itpossesses excellent facilities. BELLEVILLE. The capital of the Co. of Hastings, Out., situated on the Bay of Qninte, at the mouth of the [fiver Muira, 4;! miles \V. of Kingston. It is a town of considerable im- portance, is well built, lit with g.is, possesses a good harbour, and unlimited water power. Here are agencies for the Bank of Montreal, the Merchants' Hank of Can.i.la, two telegraph companies, and several lire and life insiir-' ance and assurance companies. The town contains, be- sides the county buildings, numerous handsome stores, i> fine halls, good hotels, several printing ofHces, from which 2 daily and 3 weekly newspapers are issued, 9 churches, a large college, a convent, fi common schools, y breweries, 2 distilleries, \ fo.jn.lries, 3 flouring mills, 2 woollen fac- tories, 4 sash, door and blind factories, a cheese box factory, a chair anil cabinet factory, an axe factory, a sewing machine factory, and several very extensive saw mills. Belleville is an important station on the G. T. R. PORT HOPE. All incorporated town and port of entry of Ontario, to. of Durham, on the N, shore of Lake Ontario, at the S. terminus of the Midland railway, and on the Grand Tniiik, 63 miles E. of Toronto. It is built in a valley and on the side of a hill commanding fine views of the ake, and has churches of 5 or denominations, 3 branch bunks, -J newspaper offices, 2 telegraph offices, a number of stores, .several hotels, 5 flouring mills, 1 plaster mill, 1 phmiiig mill, 1 distillery, 2 breweries, and manufac- tones of woollens, buttons, leather, wooden ware, steam engines, machinery, iron castings, A-c. Good water power IS aflorded by Smith's Creek, which runs through the town. The streets of Port Hope are lighted with gas. 1 lie harbour is one of the best on the lake. The trade of this jiort in lumber and grain is considerable. CORNWALL. The chief town of the United Comities of Stormont am Glengarry, Out-, situate.l at the mouth of the Corn- vyall canal, on the River St. Lawrence, with a station on the G. T. R., 07 miles S. W. of Montreal, and 105 miles from Kingston, It is a port of entry. The Cornwall canal gives it excelleut water privileges. Several large mills and factories are erected on its banks, among them one of the finest woollen factories in the Dominion, and a cotton factory. The town contains a number of stores, several churches and hotels, an agency of the Bank of Montreal, 2 telegraph offices, and 2 printing offices, from which weekly newspapers are issued. BOWMAN VILLE. An incorporated town and port of entry in Durham Co., Out., with an excellent harbour on Lake Ontario and a station on the G. T. R., 42 miles N. E. of Toronto. It contains the head office of the Ontario bank, a mechanics' institute, several assurance and insurance agencies, 2 tele- graph offices, e printing offices, from which three weekly newspapers are issued, several churches and hotels, a number of stores, and inanufiictories of iron castings, ma- chinery, woollens, hoop-skirts, furniture, carriages, lea- ther, boots and shoes, cabinetware, &c.. Its port of land- ing is 2i miles from the town, and is better known as Port Darlington. WHITBV. Eormerly WINDSOR, an incorporated town of Onta- rio, capital of the Co, of Ontario, on Lake Ontario, and lie extensive saw II the G. T. R. y of Ontario, hitario, at the >n tlie Grand t in a valley views of the ons, 3 branch ces, a number I plaster mill, nd mamifac- I ware, steam water power through the ed with gas. The trade of of Stormont of the Corn- a station on nd 10-5 miles he Cornwall Several large among them )minion, and bcr of stores, the Bank of offices, from in Durham Ontario and Foronto. It I mechanics' icies, 2 tele- iree weekly id liotels, a istings, ma- ■riages, lea- iort of land- ' known as II of Onta- ntario, and THli TOOL ^^ "^ .-JJ Iron Working Machinery. DHILLINa MACHINES-e Patterns IBON PLANEBS-Seller's Patent BOLT AND NUT SCREWING llkcHINES-a Sizes ENOINB LATTIES, fVom 16 inch swing and upwards. STOAM HAMMBHa-Higby Patent, ftom J cwt. & upwards EMEBY GHINDER_3 Sizes. •« upwards, SPECIAL MACinNERY, for Locomotive & Car Shops. Wood Working Machinery. BAND SAWING MACniNES-3 Sizes, BEPAWING ATOACHMENT FOB BAND SAWS BAiro SAW SETTma MACHINE. BAND SAW BLADES-all Sizes, GANG LATH MACHINES-Hutson's Patent SHAPING, EDGE SURFACE MOULDING AND DOVETAILING MACHINES-Boult's Patent omom MiLLSTom omsm mmEs^^ZE.r Iron Eailways and Highway Bridges, Turntables, Iron Roofe, AND ALL KINDS OP A, JAMESON, Manager u f 5 m 1 ' 4< II i ONTARIO GLOVE WORKS. Established in 1S66. The factory and office are situate at the foot of Court House avenue, in the Town of Brocltville, Ontario. This is the largest and only first-class glove factory in the Dominion, as the firm manufacture all of their own stock fromtheraw mate- rial to the finished glove. The factory and ofhceare built of stone, three storeys in height, 100x60 feet. The store- house is built of frame, two storeys in height, 30 x 28, and there are other buildings too numerous to mention. On the first floor the skins are taken in and go tiirough the process of turning tiiem into leather. They are then passed to the second floor, where they are finished. Tiiey are then sent to the cutting department, and from thence to the third floor where they are manufactured into gloves. On tiiis floor there are about sixty sewing ma- chines run by steam-power. Tliey are next sent to be shaped, packed, and labelled ready for the market. The factory is heated by steam, and is well supplied with all of the most approved machinery for the manufacture of gloves, and mitts. To describe all of the different de- partments connected witii this extensive establishment would take more space than we can at present devote to it. From seventy-five to one hundred hands find employ- ment here. Capital invested from forty to fifty thousand ; twenty-five horse steam-power used. This firm make buck, calf and sheepskin gloves a specialty. on the O. T. R., 29i miles N. E., of Toronto. Tlie harbour is one of the best on the lake. The town contains, be- sides the county buildings, churches of .5 denominations, 3 branch banks, a grammar and several common schools, 2 printing offices, issuing weekly newspapers, several as- rurance and insurance agencies, 2 telegraph agencies a number of stores, and manufactories of iron castings, mill machinery, agricultural implements, musical instruments, leather, &c. Whitby is a port of entry, and the southern termiims of the Whitby and Port Perry railway. It is an important market town This town was origin.ily aid out by Mr. John Scadding, the first patentee of one thousand acres here. It appears as Windsor on the earlier maps of Upper Canada, on which the bay is also marked Windsor Bay, and sometimes Big Bay. Mr. Scadding called the place Windsor, not from the famous royal city on the Thames, but from a small landed estate of that name, possessed by him and his "forebears" for some generations, at Luppit in De- vonshire. The name was altered to Whitby in later years confusion in the post office and elsewhere having arisen tiirough the existence of another Canadian Windsor in the West. If the modesty of the first projector of Whitby had not finally forbade the adoption of the suggested ^•Scaddmgton "or " Scaddingfield " as the title of the infant town, it is probable that such would have been at this day the name of the place. Mr. John Scadding died m 1824 on his farm on the Don, near York (Toronto), leavmg throe sons, John, Charles, and Henry, afler each of whom a street in Windsor was named. The latter is rector of Holy Trinity, Toronto. NAPANEE. An incorporated town of Ontario, capital of the Co of Lennox, situated on the Napanee river, and on the O. T R., 20 miles W. of Kingston. It contains churches ot 5 denonnnations, 2 branch banks, 2 telegraph offices, 2 prmtmg offices, issuing a weekly newspaper, a paper mill, several liotels, mills and factories, and a number of stores. Napanee is a port of entry. NAPANEE MILLS. A post village in Addington Cp,. Ontario, 5 miles from Napanee. SHERBROOKE, Slierbiooke, an incorporated town of Quebec, capital of the County of .Sherbrooke, on both sides of the River Magog, and on the Grand Trunk and Massawippi Valley railways, and at the W. terminus of the St. Francis and LakeMegantic International railway (now building) 101 miles E. of Montreal, 121 miles S.S.W. of Quebec, and 196 miles N.N.W. of Portland. It contains the head offices of the Eastern Townships Bank, 1 branch bank, the chiefoffice in Canada of the British America Land Company, several assurance and insurance agencies churches of -5 or 6 denominations, 3 printings offices issuing weekly newspapers, an academy, about 60 stores and manufactories of woollen and cotton cloths, flannels' iron castings, machinery, axes, pails, Ac, also saw mills' breweries, &c. It is the seat of the district courts, and returns one member to the House of Commons, and one to the Provincial Legislature. PETERBOROUGH, An incorporated town of Ontario, capital of the County of Peterborough, on the Otoimbee river, with a station on the M.R., and also on the route of the proposed Ontario and Quebec railway, 31 miles N.E. of Port, Hope U miles N.E. of Toronto. It contains, besides the county buildmgs, churches of 6 denominations, 4 branch banks 2 telegraph oflSccs, 2 newspaper offices, about 70 stores' 118 »n Windsor in ictor of Whitby the suggested he title of the d liave been at Scadding died )rk (Toronto), iry, after eacii The latter is tal of tlie Co. ', and on tlie tains churches 'graph offices, ipcr, a paper J tt number of ario, 5 miles iebec, capital i of the River Lwippi Valley • Francis and Juildiiig), toi Quebec, and tins the head branch bank, inerica Land ce agencies, itiugi offices )ut 60 stores, Jths, flannels, !so saw mills, t courts, and ons, and one the County ith a station le proposed f Port Hope, s the county •anch banks. It 70 stores, ONTARIO GLOYE WORKS. J^fariufadupars of Gloves & Mitts. -AND— I Willi w mmm m%m^m, Brockville, - - - . qNT » « m. Iiii ■>■ f i 1 m HEINTZMAN & Co. TI.U the Inrg..,t m.d only Ilr8t-cl«« ,,i„„o factory i„ tilt' Domiinon was ustahlislifd ii, is6(i. Tin. n.ctoiy ami onic; are lit-iate at Nos. 1 15 an.! 117 Rink str,.,H, W'.m, Toronto, Ontario. The buildings „ra of hriok, lour storeys in height, r,-3 fe,.t front hy iW feet 'I.'ep. The first floor h used as otliees, show room and packing departn.ent. The se.-ond floor is usu.l as regu- la -ng depar.men.. Ther,- is a large roon. on this floor wh.eh is UHe.l as a wareroon.. On the third floor tiie keys and sou.Mling boards are nmde, the case roomis also on tins loor. IV fourth floor is used as finishing and % fin.sh.Mg, and other departments, such as varnishing and poh«h,ng roon,s, There is a dry house in Conner! non wuh the !,,e,ory, built of briek, hnnber yards, *o. This company use only fi,-st-cl»ss material and are now tnrmng out fron, .ix to eight pianus a week, which are sh>ppe.l to all part, of the Dominion, en.p loying from forty to fifty hand,. Mr. Heintzn.an & Co's.' pilnof haTe received over a dozen first prizes «t difll-rent exhibitions i m Canada. several saw and grist mills, and manufactories of iron Cflstmgs steam engines, machinery, agricultural iniple- nents, leather, woollens, wooden ware, Ac, and has a large export trade in grain, pork and lumber. The streets of Peterborough are well laid out and lighted with gas. A handsome bridge coimoets the town with Ash- burnham, a thriving village on the opposite banks of the Otonabee. Prevmus to 1«26, Peterborough was known as nd,an Plan, or Scotfs Landing. It was covere.l w sea tered oaks and small brush, an.l was on the portage o Lake theinong, the head of the O.onabee .lavigation. I hat year Col. Peter Robinson, of Newmarket, ( brother of the late Chief .lustico of Ontario,) was en out by Rarl Bathurst in charge of .-000 enn^rants. e conducted them from the south of Ireland to the Indian Plams, whore he encamped them and subsequently settled hem m the neighbouring townships. Col. Robinson then l.ved m a tent on a rising ground close to the river side and one day at a .linner party which he gave in his tent e quesfon arose what name to give the future tow , was then deeded that it should be called Peterborough, thellon Ihon.as A. Stewart, Mr. Alex. McDonald Dr Re, , of Perth, .Mr. .Sydney Bellingham, M.P. ,br Argln- eud and one or two others. The name was adopted and Col. Robinson gave orders that it should be laid out ... town and park lots, and promised each of his guests a town and park lot. The land upon which the tow, stands was then valued at SI an acre. Population, 6 000 THREE RIVER.S, A city of Quebec, capital of the County of St. Mam^ice at the confluence of the Rive,-s St. Maurice and St. W Ivl 00 V '"V*"' «''"'""'«'' North Shore t ,s 0. e of the oldest towns in the province, having been rZ?; ':,'''•'"''' r "^" ■°''« »"-«tationfry eg rd douterpnse and improvement ; but of late years t s o,ne a most prosperous place, a change produced prn.npally hy the extensive trade in lumber which is earned on on the St. Maurice and its tributaries, and lo by increased energy in the .nanufacturo of iron wa^l for which the St. Maurice Forges, about 3 n,iles dista.S ThreeR "•'' "^""'r^'^ ^''" ««'''''f"t<''l i" Canada. 1 In ee R.vers ,s the resi.lence of a Roman Catholic Bishop, who.,e oioceso bea.s the san.e name, and contains a Roman Cathohc Cathedral, a parish church, a Church of England, a Scotch kirk, and a Wesleyan chapel, an Ursu- l.ne convent with a school attached, a college, Englinh academy, ju.d several other schools, 2 branch banks, 2 p. mtmg offices, issuing weekly newspapers, agencies of 2 telegraph and several insurance and assurance companies, and a number of stores. The chief trade of the town is ", lumber, which is shipped in large quantities direct to South America, the West Indies, England and the United The streets of Three Rivers are lighted with gas It sends one member to the House of Commons and one to the Provincial Parliament. The district of Three Rivers coinpnse^, the counties of St. Maurice, Nicolet, Champlai-i and Maskmonge. Population of city, fi,U4. THE ISLAND OF ANTICOSTI, of' "'"^-'''Y^SrecsodntiMo, nearly the same as that of the north of France, and contains an area of 2,460 000 ncros of laud of the best quality, similar, says Sir William Logan, the einment Canadian geologist, to the fine arable soil of Canada West, an.] the Otjiiesee County, New Y< rl State; It possesses over 300 miles of sea coast, is about 140 miles long, and 3.5 miles broad in the widest part with an average breadth of 87J miles. ' Anticosti is made mention of so long ago as 16G0, in the geographical folio work of the celebrated loyalist Dr P.;ter Heylyn, known as " Cosmographia." He 'savs that the proper name for the island is Natiscotee, which It 18 suppose.! was corrupted by the Spaniards, who fished in an. ofl the St. Lawrence at that period, to ito present appellation. He reports that the island was then held by a tribe of Indians, who were exceedingly kind and triendly to such manners as landed there. The fief of the island was granted by Louis XIV, about 1680 to Sieur Louis Joliet, as a recompense for his discovery of the months of the Mississippi and the Illinois, and other services rendered to his Oovernment ; and it seems to hav-e been held of so little account in its primitive state that here Charlevoix, writing about 1722, in hii "Hii toire du Canada," gays that Joliet " would, perhaps have preferred one of the smallest lordships in France " d North Shorp from Montreal, ice, having been le stationary ns lit of late years lmiigopro(Jnce() iinbcr wliich is itiirids, and also of iron wares, I miles distant ted in Cnnuda. iitholicBislioi), id contains a h, a Ciiurch of lapel, an Ursii- >llege, Engliah ■audi banks, 2 (agencies of 2 ice companies, )f the town is itics direct to nd the United with gas. It IS and one to Three Rivers 't, Champlai'i 1. ri, i, between the same as that of 3,460,000 1 Sir William le fine arable V, New Y( rk ast, is about widest part, «s 16G0, in loyalist, Dr. He says ;otee, which , who fished > it^ present s then held 'y kind and The fief of ut 1680, to liscovery of I, and other it seems to iiitive state his "Hi«- I) perhaps, n France." »slI!?KittgSt ^U ... Acnos are O..^.^^, .,,,, ,_^ ~^'''' "^ ^'^ — -^- EXTRAOBDINARY BRILLIANCY to ^^i^^^y"'^'^ SllII>CHQ3^ "leu. vvo are the only nianu- h 11 U , % A. IIARKIS SON & CO. Manuf„ct„r..r« of tl.e Kcrby raowen. a.ul reaper., mm C'HtablmlT,! .„ , 8,i,,, TI.e office an.l factory nre situated on tolborne Htre.t. lirantfor.l, (>„t. The bu.,.l,ngH are of of i ,"■ "'V "' '"■'^''"' ^•"^■•■""S °^«" ""« ''cre gro,in,l ; ni..l nrc too niunero.is to inontion in .letail. s<'venty „,en fnul employment in tliis factory. Thirtv liorsc steam-power i.s nsed hero. I" La jro..tan'8 " Hinory of Canada," is a chart of the ht. Lavvrcnco, and a plan of the island, showing Joliefs Jo. ton the western flank. La Houtan was a French manne officer, an.l he n.ention. that Joliet was c«..tnred n h,s boato 1 the Island by the Enghsh expedition agai-Bt Quebec .n 1090 under Adnural Phips, but released after tUe failure of that expedition. Mr. T. Auburv, who sa led with Gcmeral Kurgoyne's army in 1760, devQte! J ee pages „, ,,i« ,,„rU, « i,,^,,;^,. Travels through mc rrV *°/'"' '•"'' '^■'''^■^'- °f Anticosti, and L method of catching these anin>als between the continent and the adjacent islands. So much for the early records of Anticosti. When the feudal system became abolished, which ha.l long pre- vailed un.ler the French don.ination of Canada, there being no tenants on the island, the seigneur, or lord of his manor, became possessed of the whole soil in fee sin.ple, Id f'f/'nongst whon, are the Forsyth family, he tule to tins innuense possession seems to have been fully acknowledged by the Parliament of Canada, as an act was passed dunng the last session (in the spring of of the i'skn?"'"""* ' '""''""'^ '" '''''''^°'' "'" '''""'''' coi^t"".') ''"'"-'' *™''"'^'^ ^'"'"'^ "l^^ot^d ""^then. coa^t to the grassy savannas wliich skirt the southern shore^ and thus, n, a great measure, the fertile portions oi tie country are protected from severe winter winds thaif r l^ry'r^'^^y' -^ '^ '^-talnly is not severer tha. that of the other mariti.ne provinces. The atn.os- phere ,s pure and clear, an.l free from fogs which are so frequent on and aroun.I Newfoundland. The winter's cold 8 considerably tempered by the waters of the Gulf of St •uoderated by the same inllue.ice. Vegetation progresse very rapully an.l crops come to perfection in good season. The soil ,s of good quality, being a rich loam intermixed Nv.th limestone; valuable forests are (o be found on the greater part of the island, and although the timber n S ' ': "J 1 '",'"«"' "■^^■' '' ■' °'^ -P--- quality, and well adapted for ship-building The fisheries around the island, which have been b.therto comparatively neglected, are valuable and im- portant. Speaking of them Commander Lavoie, of i.a Cu„ad>eHne, m his report, in 1870, to the Dominion Oovernment, says : " This island is beginning to be fre- quented and settled by hardy fishermen, tempted by the desire of participating in its rich fisheries, which up to the hist few years wore, comparatively, unexplored. . . . The importance an.l value of its fisherie ve increased "long with the number of lisl.ermen. The waters bor- dering on Anticosti are stocked with the same kinds as are to be met with on the south and noil h coast of the ht. Lawrence, ' In his i-eport for last year (1S7-) Commander Lavoie «ays : • Large shoals of herrings visit its shores about tlie same time they repairto Pleasant I!ay, M„.,|alon Islands. A schooner, tiom Prince Kdwar.l Island, caught lasl Hpnug with the seine 1,100 barrels of herring, in one i»y. He goes on to say: -The whole ofAi.tico.ti al>oumls with hsh of all sorts, but harbours are scarce, even tor fishing boats. Codfish on this coas. are all hni;,. and no finer are seen even on ♦!»■ Miscou and Orplian Banks. 1 he number of fishermen freq iting its bunks mcreases every year. Kvii when codfish was a failure every where else in the Quit; it did not fail at Anticosti. Halibut are so plentiful that 109 barrels were taken in one day. The seal fishery, which could he carried on here as well m winter as in summer, might be lurne.l to profit- able account, large numbers of these animals being visible during the former season, and thousands of them beinir observed in the summer and autumn at the entrance of almost all the bays and rivers, where they remain com- paratively unmolested. Hunting on the island is of considerable value, though ot far less importance than its fisheries. The animals whose skins are of marketable value, which are found on the island, are black bears, which are very abundant otters, martens, and the silver, grey, re.l, black, and' sometimes, the white fox. Great quantities of ducks geese, and other wild fowl resort to the lakes and tlu' bays of the island. There are numerous natural harbours round the coast winch are comparatively safe in all winds— Ellis Bay and' Fox Bay being especially so. The former is distant about eight miles from West End Lighthouse on the south side the latter is fifteen miles from Heath Point Lighthouse on the north side. Ellis Bay istwo miles in b.ea.lth, with member of Lloyd's, who visited the island to inspect a vessel whicli 'had 'been wrecked on the coast, declared heconsi.lered the harbour a '■ most excellent one," so much so that he should, on his return to England, make it especially known at Lloyd's, and added further, that there are many places in 18 llili «», Wllilll llji to tini'xidoied .... < liiivc iiicii'iiscd I'lii' wiitrrs hor- mnw kiiiilM hm nil I'OHHt of (ho mmii(li!r Lavoio liuicsnlmiit the .L'llaliMi Islands. id, (.'Ulljfllt lllHl icniiijjs in one It' ol'Aiiticosti •iirs aic Hcurce, isl nic uli Inigc, 1 iiiid Oqihiin ting its bunks 1 was a failure il at Aiiticosti. well! taken in id on lu'i'e as lied to jiiofit- 9 being visiblii d' tlieni being e entrance of renuiin coin- *'aiue, tlioiigli The animals, icii are found ry "bundant, , black, and, ics of ducks, ikea and the ikI the coast, Illis Bay and listaiit about I' Hoiitli side, Lighthouse eiidth, with utonly witii y is smaller, ' and a liaK, n[> the bay liores of it ; l' and tvvo- !lis Bay for bour to be • A geritle- iiyd's, w)io bad been lie harbour should, on known at y places ill HALL & JONDRO, MANUFACTURERS OF THE STAB BRAND Boots and Shoes, ^o* t Ounul $lr^0i '■9 ROCK ISLAND, P.Q. A. HARRIS, SON & CO., MANUFACTURERS OF "THE KIRBY" MOWERS AND REAPERS, WE MANUFACTURE Gofflbined Machines, Single Mowers and Single Reapers Good Facilities for filling large orders. Low Freight Rates to any part Special Terms for large cjuantities. Correspondence invited. Prices on of the World, rices on application. OIlI>E3fl.S SOLICITESID. U: \ 123 Js'ir':'':;;:! ''•''• ''""•• '•'■•'"o'-i..mt«.i„tx... i":^:;;:it::;;;;:;;ri\:-r ;:;-;• -. «• .'KI.I.VMAX. The iwii.T l.ov i,wiMi(m(.Mi,.H oC Mr U 1 :^:;;~:;"r'^ ;"■'■:■' --^Hi^'r *;...i;...i«r„,,. .,,,,,,,,„,,;:;;■; ;;;;;.;-;, "ghtncs., durability a,„l roiivcnioiRv are Mnnnrpas...,! W. L. KINJfoNl) \ CO. The factory of Jfcssra w i r-- w«roroo,„i, „t ;,.,;, s,. jCu T . r , '' "'"' stone bi.ihlin. Th,. f, ' '"" '"'"^ "''""J' S Filler --^^^ fall..., ».»„, „„.,,, ,.„,„, 1,^^^ ^,1,,^^ | ,.,H„J", ™i:i:i::;ir::":-s: '•'-'"-• Baf.. uhuihouras Ellis ,.'*'"':" .''"1^' "" *'P"'''""« or ^o Atla„,ic.^rin,..n,,;i:'; '.^.^^J-^l'^-t'- straitsofBelle We throui H ^''%°'^'-'''"' tl"0"gl. the l> ii"H on fhoOiilf of Sh 1,^,^.1111,. v i.. .;-,f ;i^,::S;:-:;;;;-:-:«.-;: ^-^»:;: ::■:;;;::' -:i:s:z;;r - Anh....,s,„ ..lose ,.. ,,;„i, „ay. 'L r an n ' : '""I . the onler ,,o,„„„ oCth.. anehorage eoid.i be nm -■-'i>n-,nove,ia,, afn^inKexl,en.e,l,„/^^^:l ■ I ' i ; '" "'"• "■ '''"'^'' ^^*"" constructed ,,::. .'">',""' " l'""'"t ••lil', it would be u„ ndinir- -n. tug. employed ,br the relief of veHneN in Lrfa/ y nnght be ...ade an ex.ellent .tution , here a "a ""w stean.ers or gunboat, oould connnan t he two -'•.-....«. o the river, or send out fron. thi. co ven e .t an.een,ras,oternise.toanyp„rtoftheO:r I''«;'^tubliHhn.ontof de,.o(.ofe«ul at Ellis Hay and tsLh ri::;''! ';• "■; "'•^•""^"«'' '"" i-porti;:^ v>nicn It would be ban' ti uofni.,.*.. i i • • estimate, coal beniirpaav p.oeuralde fron. Nova 8..,,., and laid down a S -bour at a eo.t not exceeding from S.XSoto «4 ne ton a 1> .n. e Iron, Kurope intheBea.on, besiden a large fleet ol ~ng and li.shing vessels, all of which mu5I p , vv.tlnn sight of the island, some idea can be ZedTf ViToTtr 1" " """f "" '" '"^ "-'^"'" "■"" -pa bilites of these harbours for comn.erciul purposes. The company which has been formed for the purpose of CO onuing the island of Anticosti, and for working ad . r! • ' „ ''■' "'"' "* '■'* ■'^""th West Point. The chief town wi be at Ellis Bay, where the principal pla e o business wi 1 be established. The beautiful Stult io.! o. the lirst 01 these places, with its bracing ,ea-air, mTs eventually make it a resort for thousand! of pj « sckers sin<.e seaba.liing could there be combined wkh nmny other Minnner sports and amusements. The capital o the company is S.>,r,ao,00o, divided into .'-3,000 si are of SlOO each The island is to be divided in o tw nty counties, of about ,.0,000 acres each, sub-divided "to he townships. It IS further p,opo.,ed to lay a submarine telegraph cable to connect the island with the mainlZ to bui I saw-,nills and grist-mills, establish a bank Td a general liospilal, churches and schools, and to estaEh ."oreoverhve fishing stations, in difre;ent parts of the .sland, where tomporary buildings are to bf erected fo curing and drying fish. Operations and improvements of such a kind have every !• hiking (Mih,.|' lie iaiitiiil iiiiiHt u' t'i»iii|(iir/itivt< ■ Htrolll} HOIltll- loiitlii'iii oliaii- 'Irivfii on tho IIiiII'iiikI river, lif W.'Nt I'oiiit ' iiriclioragf of iiHioiiiN at low I (gravel and could b« ma- ns to bo abln 'turiy niiinbcr <• conNtriicttid be un n(bnir- d ur damaged ii' which are liy wreckerg (f. 'hvc. For ' ill distress, here, also, a id the two i coiivonient Oiiif. lis liay and ipoitance of being eaiy n at either 44 jierton. L'Nselsaniiu- II large fleet I iiinst pass ! formed of 1 and capa- loses. f pnrposn orking and wn sites at oiiit. The cipal place I situation i-«ir, must pleasure- lined with 'he capitid 300 shares o twenty ided into iibmarine iiiiiiland ; ink and a L'stablish, s of tho acted for Yal..,s' C..li.|,rato,l (;.„„|,i„„(i„M Saf, VAULT DOORS AND VAULT ffi»^^T^°*"^°^^ .°^ r.KATliS, &c., ' '" '""■'■' lr"iii ll.f F«,.l„r^-. -r 1 — •^ LOCKS A SPECIALTY SHOP • ]Sr r. '' T"" ^"'" ''■°" ^^"^^ °'' ^^'-''^Kcs and nuikhn.s MIOI -No. 18 a... . HrOHSOy STIilOTj OM^^ , ESTABLISHED 1835. R. JELLYMAN. Manufacturer of all kinds of JELLYMAN, «\N(»»CTI-||KI1 582 Crafg Street 582 Craig Street, 30 : KQQ Boxes. And Goto Street, MONTREAL. Post Office A.M..O., Met... ^ ^V^^o^^^^;, 33;^ per cent. 125 ir. H. IVKS f: en. Mi'»nrn. H. H. Ivch A- (.'... arr Hit. NiiiiTiuiorH of flu' old aikI wi.l.'lv known lirni ot Ut't \ Alli'n, iiiaiiiiliu'tiirrM of Imnlwrnrc, htovi'n, iron railing), Ac, iukI «incf tlio (iir- niiition i<( rhr new firm, muw ihum istrrct, nnd liavf a frontaii;.« of \:>l f..|.| wiiji a dcpih of lOfi fri't, and are live Htor.'yi liigli. In this iMiililJng i» th,. nIh^v room, wlitTc an iniincns.. diHplay of iron work of all klndu is ronslantly kept on hand. This liniliiinK In con- neeted with the worknhoiw l)y n lii{lif, haiidsonio iron bridge a.r.mM (^lu'en t-t et. The \vorkMho|.H are fonr Htorevx high anil are fitted np with all the nio-lern np- pliaiires for saving laliorand tlie ra|»inhlic Iniihlings as well as private ri'sideneeM, amongst other phiees furnishing the rails nnd U'iite«for the Parliament Hnildinu's, Ottawa. They are at pr.'sent engaged in preparing the iron work (iir the A\'iiids(ir Motel loid also for I'.niniannel Clinrch. where had the most beneficial result upon the indnstry. wealth and prouress of the coniitry in which they weie alte'iipted, and with the grent resonrees and favourable geographical position of ilio Island of Anticosti, there id no reason to donbt that they will be attended there with similar results, .Sir William K. r.ogan, in his (feogrnphical Heport of Canada, after referring to ileposits of peat, or peat-bogs, ill ditl'erent parts ol Canada, says : "The most extensive ])eat deposits in (luiiada are fo I in Antieosti along the low land on the eoast of the island from Heath Point to within eight or nirre miles of .South West Point. The thickness of the pent, as observed on the coast, was from three to fen feet, and it appears to be of an excellent (piality. The height (if this ]ilaiii may be, onim average fiOwn feet above liigh water mark, and it can be easily chained and worked. Iletween South West Point and til)' west end oftlie island there are many peat-liogs, \aryiiig in supertlcies from KM) to 1, ()()() acres." Near South West I'oint there are several hirge salt ponds, which, if labour wns ubnndnnt, might be turned to n protitable account in the manufacture of salt, a man- ufacture which would become of some value ton great part of our Xortli American fisheries, which, as wellns the greater part of Canada, are now su[ipiie(l with salt from the Bahamas, niid from England or the United States ; and bir cnrinv Hsb and provntjoiix, buy xalt, formed from the sea and (rom salt ponds, is the most valiialde. In cons.'(pience of there not having been n snthcieiit supply of salt upon the island, an iniinriiiieipiiintilv of lish caught at Anti.'oHti a year or two ai{o were renih'red iisel This was allmhd to by Cominauder I.avoie, of /,,< Cnm. ili.Hw; in bis rejiort lor 1^71, where be sayn that " fish- intf wan abiiinhint this season, the yi.dd being reckone.l «t)i,.')(H),,uinliils.d' I, . . . but the ifieatesl draw- back arose lioiii the ililliculty experienced in I'uruig lish, from the want of s,dt. " ,S„un- of the llahama Islands '"■'• '■'''"i I merely on account of the salt ponds which they contain, and in Ceyhiii a large revi is derived (rom the salt works carried on in that ishmd. In Cmnmander I.avoie's report for \^'-i, (,uoted from before, he siiys that geolouisis jindothcrs who have visited Hie interior cdllie island, agree in staling that its soil is rah, and that more than one million acres can be culti- vated with advantage. Cleaian.es have already been made nt Oamacho (Klli, |tay), at South West 'arid at West Point, where vegetables and urains of the district "'' ^l""li<'»l .md tjnebec II ish. Stories, however, (d' the nuineroiis wrecks that have occurred on the shore of Antieosti have spread such terror that up to jvci nobody bad thought ofsettlingthere. The reeisof flat limestone, extending, in some parts, to one mile and a .panler Ironi 111" sliore; the want of anchorage of a great portion of the coast, and, above all, the frequent fbgs, justify this belief, ill part, but not in so great a degree as to render reasonable the dread with wlii.di they seem to have been and which ca ily have arisen from the natural tend.'iicy to magnify danger, of wlii±ihliM tlHiiiliVM \m I DUNDAS, ONTARIO. THOMAS KEJ^^EDY. WM. Ofin r ■ i jMI ALBKRT KENNEDY, Jraiiufacturor of monuments and torabstonos. Established in 1 872. The otlire and factory are situated in tlie Town of Gui'lpli, Ontario, near the Eramosa bri()ge. There are ten men employed in this factory and n visit to this establislmient woid.l convince any one that a choice selection could be made of every description of monu- ments and tombstones which are to be seen in the ware- rooms of this enterprising sculptor. are "hard iip,"_wliofinditdillicidt to lieeptheShcrif)' from theirdoors ; butwiio have their books filled with accounts ? Many of the unfortunates who daily take advantage of the bankrupt laws, hand over to the assignees book debts and notes, wiiich, if they were all good, would nwve than meet their engagements ; but in nearly all cases these debts and notes are the dregs left of the wretched credit system, and the assignee soon ascertains that most of them are worthless. Thearticles which tliesie accounts and notes represent, may have been sold at exhorbitant prices ? But what matters that if the persons owing are worthless— if thoy have removed to parts unknown, or the claim has become "outlawed," from having stood so long. Althougli the country is generally prosperous, what might be successful businesses, can befoimd in all purts which are in danger of shipwreck from tlie owners fool- ishly giving too extended credits. Many of these persons do a large trade, they sell at good prices, and outwardly appear to be amassing money ; but they are only pud- dling away in the mud of tlie old credit system. They have made money, but it is simk in old doubtful notes- of-hand, and long-winiied accounts, which should have been settled long before— the result being aconstant drag from month to month to raise enough of cash to meet bank engagements, and not unfrequently ending in a "col- lapse." In many cases of this kind, money has to be borrowed at high rates of interest, to prevent suspension, whereas, under the system of cash sales or short credits^ tlie same individual would occupy an easy financial pos-' ition, and make money pleasantly, as well as surely. THE AMERICAN FLAG. The yeai 177f. not only listened to the Declaration of Independence, announcing the birth of a nation, but it also witnessed the first unfolding of the flag which has become tlie symbol of a mighty power, tiie pride of many million souls, and which will float as long as the principles of that Declaration dwell in the hearts of men. But the Hag came ijefore the Declaration. There must be some sturdy fighting done before »uch bold words are spoken, and men cannot fight without n flag, and so " old glory " was born on the 2nd of January, 1776, just one hundred years ago. The idea of a " Union flag," as it was called, had long been famUiur to the American colonists. The flags in use throughout the provinces before the Revolution were chielly those of England, and, though there were many other devices, they were nearly always coupled with some feature of the British colours. The old English flag had been the red cross of St. George on a white field, but in KiOO King James I. combined with it the white cross of St. Andrew on a blue field, because England and Scot- land had then become united in one kingdom. In 1707 the colour of this flag was changed to crimson, and the crosses, which had before filled the whole banner, were now confined to the upper corner. This was the famous " meteor flag » of England, which took its present form in 1801, when the cross of St. Patrick was added to the other two. The cross of St. George was the banner which led the English adventurers to their fiist conquest in America, and doubtlessly waved over the Puritans when, on that bleak December day, they knelt on the " stern and rock-bound coast " at Plymouth. It remind- ed them of the old country which they still loved, and of the many dear ones whom they had loft behind. But the detestation of " Popery " was so strong and unconquerable among the Puritans that they abhorred everything which reminded them of it, and many were found who disliked the cross in the banner because it had been given to England by a pope. This feeling gradually increased till, in 1634, Mr. Endicott tore out part of the cross from the flag then flying at Salem. Thig was thought by some to mean treason, but at the trial it appeared that Endicott was moved only by a belief that it was idolatrous to let the cross remain. Two months later the ministers of Ipswich met in Boston, to sue if it was right to keep the cross in the banner. They failed to agree, and the subject was referred to the Ge- neral Court. Meanwhile, the military officers ordered all designs to be laid aside. In December, 1635, it was ordered that all the colours shoi.ld have the king's arras instead of the crosses, and this new flag was raised over the fort in Boston Harbour, But this unsettled state of affairs had made much trouble in the fort. While the colony was without colours, the castle looked like a deserted fortress, and after the new ensign was adopted English sailors compkined that the people were traitors and rebels — not flyir.g the king's colours. So, being ftarful of displeasing the English Government, the colo- nists allowed the regi'lar standard to float over the castle but nowhere else in the province. Dutch visitors to Boston as late as 1680 noticed that the flags contained no crosses, while the pine-tree was a favourite device. The red cross of St. George, however, gradually worked its way back into favour until, in 1707, the union flag created by James I., in 1606, was ordered by Parliament for general use in all the colonies. These high-handed dealings with the flag tell us how early the American colonists began to show that spirit of independence which finally made them a separate nation. As the exciting times drew near, the growing [ii^ ■ 134 Thfl flags in ovolution were ire weru inaiiy ;)Ie(l with some iigljgh ting iiud ti! field, but in white cross of lund and 8cot- om. In 1707 rnson, and the I baiiner, were vas tiio famous i present fomi 3 added to the as the banner fiist conquest the Puritans I iinelt on the 1. It reniind- l loved, and of hind. •0 strong and they abhorred id many were ner because it This feeling icott tore out t Salem. Thig lit at the trial y by a belief imain. Two in Boston, to lanner. They nd to the Ge- cers ordered 1635, it was a king's arms 18 raised over ttled state of While the looked like a 'vas adopted, tvere traitors . So, being nt, the colo- er the castle, li visitors to gs contained urite device, ally worked e union flag ' Parliament tell us how V that spirit a separate the growing A. KENNEDy, MANUFACTURER OF A.]vr> •i TOMBSTONES Weas m© Erameea Bsiig©, CUELPH, .... ONTARIO. Granite Monu merits Imported to Order. ^// Orders Promptly attended to ■s LUKE & BROTHERS. This firm wan ostabliHlied in 1843. Tlio factory and ollico aro aituated on King utrect, in tlio Village of OsliBWH, Ontario. The factory is bnilt of brick, tlirco •toroys in height 40 x 0(). The engino hnnsc and cliair shop is two storeys in height Q!> x 40. The drying house is two storeys in height 12 x 18. The store house is two storeys in height 2t) x (iO. The wareroom is a frame building two storeys in height 140 feet deep by 30 feet frontage. This factoiy is well supplied with all of the most approved machinery for the manufacture of all kinds of furniture. The buildings are heated by steam, using twenty-five horse steam power and employing over forty hands. spirit was again manifested in tlie same way. The ten years preceding the outbreak of the Revolution saw an abundant variety of devices and mottoes on tlie flags, all speaking of the feelings which were moving the popular heart. They formed bands, called Sons of Liberty ; and liberty-poles were raised throughout the colonies. Many of the flags showed the old loyalty while demanding their rights, and bore such mottoes as " To his Most Gracious Majesty George III., Mr. Pitt, and Liberty," <' George Rex and the Liberties of America." Others, however, were bolder, bearing only " Liberty," or " Liberty and Prosperity," or " Liberty and Union." In January, 1775, the sleds which brought wood to Bos- ton carried small union flags; everywhere a vague desire for liberty filled men's hearts, and spoke from the folds of their banners. During the first months of tlie wnr each State had its own flag. The banner of Connecticut jontained the arms of the State and the motto, in golden letters, Qui transtulit sustinet — " God, who transported us hither, will support us." The motto of Massacliusetts was " An Appeal to Heaven." Her flag was white, bearing the motto and a green pine-tree. South Carolina had an ensign of blue with a white crescent, made by order of Colonel Moultrie. It was the flag which, three years later, called forth tiie heroism of Sergeant Jasper. During the bombardment of Fort Sullivan by the British fleet, under Sir Peter Parker, the crescent Hag was shot away, and fell outside the fort. Sergeant Jasper sprang over the parapet, walked the whole length of the fort in the midst of a terrible storm of shot and shell, recovered the flag, and, in sight of the whole fleet, planted it again on the ramparts. At the battle of Lexington the Ameri- cans probably carried no flag, and it is doubtful if they had any at Bunker Hill. Some poetry of that time Epeaks of the " waving streamers," and it is also said that our troops carried a red flag bearing the words "Come if you dare." But the accounts of tlie battle, published at the time, do not mention any American flag, and old pictures of the conflict do not show any. In the fall of 1775 Congress appointed a committee to create a navy, but nothing seem* to have been done about furiiishing the new-made navy with a suitable ensign. The captains accordingly followed their own ilnvices, sailing, probably, under their State flags. One favourite device was a rattlesnane lifting its head and siiaking its rattles, with the motto, " Don't tread on me !" .Some flags added a mailed hand clinching thirteen ar- rows. The rattlesnake came very near being the national emblem instead of the eagle, it had oflen before been used on flags, and its appearance at this time on the ensign of the conmiander-in-chief of our navy caused much discussion of its claims. One writer, thought by some to be Benjamin Franklin, gave weighty reasons for adopting the rattlesnake. It is found only in America ; waa considered by the ancients as an emblem of wisdom ; its eye is exceeding bright and without eyelids, so it signifies igilance ; it never begins an attack, nor sur- renders when assailed ; its deadly weapons arc con- cealtd in its mouth, so that it appears defenseless ; and its wounds, though small, are fatal, while it never a: tacks without first giving warning. In addition to ali this, its rattles are distinct from each other, yet so firmly united that they cannot be separated, while they also increase in number. But the fact that the rattlesnake is a serpent, and under the curse of God, probably caused its rejection. Late in 1775 Benjamin Franklin and two other gen- tlemen, appointed to create a national flag, met at the camp in Cambridge, and adopted the king's colours (the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew,) and reunited with them thirteen stripes, alternate red and white, show- ing that, although the colonies united for defense against England's tyranny, they still acknowledged her sover- eignty. It is impossible to say why Congress so long delayed this important matter of choosing a flag. No record can be found of Congress having taken any part in this affair at Cambridge, nor is it known when the new flag was adopted by law. It was natural in the colonists to want to retain the king's colours as long as possible, but the origin of the stripes is harder to explain. When Washington left ]'hiladcl|>hia to take command of the army at Cambridge he was escorted to New York by the Philadelphia Light- Horse. This company carried a magnificent banner, one feature of which was a canton of thirteen stripes, blue and silver. This may have suggested to Washington the stripes for the new flag ; or he may liave taken them from his own coat -of-arms, which is not likely; or, as some think, he may have copied the East India Compa- ny's flag, which is still less probable. Still others sup- pose they were copied from the flag of the Netherlands. However it may be, this " grand union flag " was raised on the camp at Cambridge, on the 2nd of January, 1770. The king's speech on the trouble with the colonies had just been sent to the camp, so the British in Boston thought the new flag was raised us a token of submission. Nothing, however, was further from the truth. The 186 LUKi: BROTHERS, FTOUITUEE MANUFACTUREES, l^ING STREET, OSIl^ JV^. Have always on hand a splendid assort ment of Pajlor & Drawing- Room Furniture, Tjv THE la.t:est designs, Also a large stock of Good Seasoned Walnut and other Lumber Which they will manufacture according to order. ^UM^^oL e>utfii. ca^ U fu,nL.I^,d or. .haft nature. LUKE BROTHERS, CABINET FA CTOR Y ON m [ ! t y%\ I "f i B. LEDOUX, CurrinKP Maimfuotiiror, wim entiittlislied in 1S5». The fiK'tory anil ollice It'o, itiiil show room i:tl mid IH.'J St. Afitoiiii' «lrp«t. Tlie sliow room i:( the liirgcst ami Hiit'sf ill Xloiiticul. Tlio liiiililintf in of brick, tlircu storfyN in lifJKlit, fifty-tlirci- (t,'t't on St. Aiitoiue itri'iit by one linmli't'il ami t\vnily-»i,\ on Wimlsor stn-et. The faolory and ollici) uri' tliivi' Htorcys inliciglit, built ot'brirk, forty- seven feet fronting on .St. Antoino street by one hundred and ten feet doi'|i. Tliere in also anotlmr large three story brick bnililing, thirty-live I.Tt frontin;? on Windsor street, by one hundred and twenty-live feet deep, eonneet- iiig with the fattory on .St. Antoiiio street. We might go on describing this extensive carriage factory and then not do it justice. Mr. Bruno Ledoiix is the only carriage innniifucturer in the Province of Quebec who exhibits at the Centen- nial exhibition, as he has shi^iped to I'liiladelphia a a carriage and sleigh, the (inest ever maiiufuctured in the Dominion, and :.8 ^^r. Ledoux has been awarded all honours at Provincial exhibitions held in the Dominion for the Inst ten years we have no doubt that he will receive the first prize at the Centennial, 1676. The firm employ from fifty to seventy men. king's speech was indignantly burned, and thousands of sturdy hearts beat violently to a new patriotism, as the wind lifled the folds of the new banner, which a few- hours had made so full of meaning to them. The striped flag also tloated over the Virginia Convention which, three weeks before the Declaration, declared the united colonies " free and independent States." Meanwhile, the cruisers at sea were still carrying their colonial or State flags. .lohn Paul Jongs claims that he hoisted " the Flfi,'< of America," by his own hand, on board the Alfred, this being the first time it was ever displayed by a regular num-o'-vvar. Probably this " Flag of America" was the new striped flag, though Cooper thinks it was a pinetree flag, with the rattlesnake and motto. Old John Adams afterward disputed thestory of Paul Jones, and claimed the honor for a Massachusetts man. It is probable, however, that the glory belongs to Jones. The admiral's flag at this time was of thirteen sjripcs, with a raliksnuke undulating over tiicm, and the usual motto, " Don't tread on me ! " Commodore Bar- ni>y, of the Hornet, hoisted the first continental flag ever seen in Maryland. He was in need of a crew for his ves- sel, and just at that time the new striped flag arrived from Philadelphia. The commodore, at sunrise tl^e next morning hoisted it to the music of drums and fifes in front of his recruiting-office, and before night his crew were shipped The first naval victory under the stripes was won by Captain Barney, in the Lexington, who on the 17th of April, 1770, captured a British vessel, after a severe fight, ofl" the Virginia shore. In the autumn of 177'1 the armed brig Reprisal, carrying Franklin to the French court, first displayed the Continental colours to the curious eyes of the Furopean world ; while in July of the same year the brig Andrea Doriu had been thu first to draw a salute f.oin the foreign power for the now flag. The Dutch governor in the harbour of St. Fustatiii returued the Doria's salute, and was removed from office for i'\» indiscretion. It is said that, after the capture of New York by the British, an American priva'.jer N.-as taken whose flag had only twelve stripes, because a pro- vinee had been lost. When the Declaration of Independence was proclaimed from the State-House at Philadelphia, the king's arms were taken down and burncl. So the last semblance of allegiance to England was destroyed, and of course the king's colours could not long remain in the American flag. Ensigns of various devices are described as in use during the land-battles of this period, while the " grand union flag " was the official banner. On tlie I4;h of June, 1777, Congress voted that the American tl.ig sh' uld be " thirteen stripes, alternate red and white, that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation. " Here, at last, we have the stars "d stripes ; but this, as we shall see, was only the official adoption of a flag that had already bee.i in use for neariy a year. The origin of the stars in the banner is as obscure as that of the stripes. Some think they were taken, as was said of the stripes, from Washington's coat-of-arms, which, curious enough, contains both stars and stripes. But, if this were so, Washington would probably have referred to it in some way, which he seems never to have done. Others think it was intended to represent the constellation " Lyra," which contains just thirteen stars, and is the symbt! of harmony and unity. This however, cannot be, us Con- gress expressly says, " representing a new constellation." Doubtless the stars were chosen because they were of all devices the most appropriate to express the truth and character of the new republic. The stars on the banner are five-pointed, while those on coins have six points. This is because the designers of the flag followed the French, the designers of the coins English custom. It has never been discovered who designed the union of stars. They seem to have arisen as mysteriously out of the twilight as do the stars of evening. It is claimed that Mrs. Ross was the partial designer and the first maker of the stars and stripes. This lady was an uphol- sterer in Philadelphia, and, in June, 1776, a committou of Congress, with General Washington, called upon her, and engaged her to make a flag, from a rough drawing which they had brought with them. Mrs. Ross sug- gested some changes in the design, especially that the stars should be five-pointed instead of six-pointed ; and General Washington himself drew the new sketch iu lier back-parlor. Mrs Ross was appointed flag-maker to the government, and was succeeded by a relative, who held the position unti'. within thirty years. 188 First Prize at the Exhibitions of 1868 and 1870. The Diploma awarded at Exhibition of 1870. B. LEDOUX CARRIAGE MAKER Facto., . Offlce 125, and Show Roo™ »1 . 133 St. Antoioe St. ' assortment of Elegant Fami y Carriages 11.,'/' T "' " ""'"'""' He ha, carried all honors at ZZTeHw!- T' '""' ^'■■"^'• ten years. Provincial Exhibitions held in the last AU kinds of Repairs Weatiy Done to Order. I.I h)-vt If"% III coiiiicfi 11)11 with llirci)li)iir!»orilii'llnii,it m iiifcri'iit- int; tu li-nin that the littlu rube in which Wiiihiiigton woi ba))tizeictiirc of " WiiHhIriKloii on the tii-hl of Treiiloii," |iaintcil by IVhIo, who I'oiiiiiiaiicjcd a coiiipaiiy in that battle, coiitHiiiN the Htum ami nlriiies — which in good groiiiui for believing they wcro uwd tliuro. On the (list Indi'|iiMiilence day — July itii, 1777 — tiiiN ting wan di!<|iluyrd at the ccleliiatioii in I'liilailelphia, bii.I (loin that time onward scciiim to have waved in nearly all the battlen by hph and land. In Febriiuiy, 177^, .lohn Paul Jones, in the Rnngrr, convoyed noinc Anierienn veBseln into Qiiiberon Buy, and induced the French ad- miral to salute our colours — tluiH being the (irnt to win honour from a foreign power, .lones showed the Htarnaud stripes from the (irst ship of the line built for the new L'nited .States— the America, laiiiicbed at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on November.'), 17S-J. The first mili- tary glory to gather nroiind the new ensign was at the British attack on Fort .Schuyler, on August Uth, 1777. When the enemy appeared, the garrison had no colours; bu} the soldiers nt once tore iiji their sliirts for the stri- pes and stars, while the blue ground was made from ii cloak taken from the enemy at I'eekskill. Under their roughly-made ensign the little garrison won their victory; One day a sally was made from the Ibrt, when five Hags were captured from the British, and at once hoisted on the fort's stnfl", under the home-made victorious colours. Washington's nnny carrit'd the stars and stripes when, in 1 , /7, ho repulsed Cornwallis on the banks of the As- sumpink; they waved amid the smoke and roar of Brandy-wine, and the following battlesof the war; look- ed down upon Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga, and that of Cornwallis at Yorktown ; and floated throughout that terrible winter at Valley Forge, speaking of hope and courage to the suirering soldiers. In January, 1791, u daring and brilliant action by Captain Rathbiirne, of the warsloop Providence, placed the flag for the first time on a foreign fortress. This sloop, with a crew of only- fifty men, captured Fort Na- sau, in tlie island of New Providence; spiked tbe guns, seized the vessels in the harbor, and put lo sea again — all in two days. The 25th of November, 17S3. is u fa- mous date in the story of the flag. On that day the British evacuated New York, and the very flag raised by the army over the newly-won city was preserved in the American Museum at New York until tin building was destroyed by fire. After the long war had closed, and Amoricaii indepen- dence was secured, the stars and stripes were soon found waving in every breeze under haven, and lloating on nil the waters of the globe. They wcro (lying in tbe Thames, in the very (me* of the aslouished F.nglisli, even before the treaty of |M'ace bad been signed. The honor o( thus early displaying the nationid (lag ,it Ihi gales of Fnglish royally is da I for fivedifli'rent vi'SwU, mill it ii perhaps iniposNihIe lo settle the dispute. It is enough for us that the llag was there. Kveii before these vessels arrived, the Americitii coluuri were shown in London city, and in so reiiiarkable n inanner that llie story is well worlli reiiienibering. It is related in " The l.ih' ol KIkanah Watson," a distin- guished American, that being in London near the close of the war, he devoted one hundred giiiueas, won in a wiiger, to getting a portrait ..f himself painted by Copley. The ]iaiiitiiig was all done except the background, which was to he lillcd in— as soon iis jieace shoiihl bo declared — with a ship bearing to America the joyful news, the rising sun pouring light upon the stars and stripes flying from her gall". Kverylhing at last was finished but the flag, which the artist was unwilling to paint, as the royal family often came to his studio. On the Qth of Deceuiher, iT^'J, the king made his speech recognizing the (inited States as a nation ; Copley immediately, and bi'fore dining, went to his studio, and with rapid touches spread the glorious colors upon the canvas. As soon as the king's words were spoken, the American ensign was thus receiving homage under the very eaves of his liidace. When the stars and stripes first sailed into the Chinese jiort of Canton, the inhabitants were greatly excited. They said a ship had come from the farthest part of the worM, with a flag as beautiful as a flower — a compliment to the flag ill which all Americans can join. The Ce- lestials called the vessel Kaw-kee-cheun — the flower- tla.-Nhip. This name at once became popular, and America is now called Kiuv-kee-koth — the tlower-flag- couiitry. We ore told that, in Chinese, Yankee (Yongkee) means flag of the ocean ; and Washington ( 'lo-shin-tung) signifies rescue am! glory at last. This is very singular and pleasing. Tl o ship Franklin, of Suluiii, whose log- book is preserved in the Essex Institute at that city, was the first to show the national flag in Japanese waters, July, 1799. In 1789-90 the ship Columbia carried the flag around the world, and give her name to that majestic river on the Pacific iioast, discovered by her master. Captain (Iray, in 1792. During the years 1792-94, Vermont and Kentucky joined the UniiPii ; and in 1794 Congress changed the flag to fift.een stars and fifteen stripes, to take eflect the following May. This act was passed after long discussion, many members thinking the flap should always remain as it was. This altered ensign wiiM the one borne by the noble " Old Ironsides, " and by all our vessels during the second war with England. Durint; the sitting of the French Convention at Paris, on the Mtli of August, 1794, the minister plenipotentiary from the United States was led into tbe hall and received the fraternal kiss and embrace, amid great enthusiasm ; 140 A. learionthTcoT ST. PAUL STREET, '» McinufcLcUu'cvH of QUEBEC, 8temi Pwi et ath^ff Fnmpj c?a.c;fe ^cr, HOISTING MACHINES FOR STORES *■ "''(f- ell 7zirul of JSIcLCl SawMills,FlourMillsaiidAgriciiJ((i, 'Unoj^y f^^. 2Jiru Wheels, Axles, Cars, k^. 'al ''oi- Hailroad Contraetor.< ALL KLVDS OP A« J,to4» of »Uoks»«b W«rJ.. "V SXt»CM«>«iir»,»i««_ =^>i«^,t,^i, i^5tJ(fi(' Bpr {/f. S CANADIAN INDUSTRY. The Bonded Montreal Vinegar Works of M.Michael Lefebvre, No. 41 Bonsecours street, were establislied in 1861. •This is the only vinegar factoiy in Montreal, and tiie only one that received the first prize at the exhibition in Montreal in 1865. The office, storeroom and sample room are situated at No. 41 Bonsecoursstreet. The bonded wareroom is in the basement. This building is of stone, one hundred feet front by thirty-six feet deep, and is three storeys in height. The factory is situated in the rear, and is fifty feet square, two storeys in height. This is the only vinegar factory of any note in the Province of Quebec. and on the 25th of September the new American banner was presented to the Assembly by Captain Barney, in behalf of the United States. This standard was hung in the legislative hall, and afterward borne in the proces- sion at the great funeral of Rousseau, when higli iionours were shown to the Americans in Paris. The fifteen stars and the fifteen stripes won the victories on the lakes, at New Orleans, at Tripoli, and floated from the Essex during her famous fight in the harbor of Valparaiso. In 1797 the ensign was displayed amid the burning city of Smyrna in the Orient ; and in ISOO the American frigate George Wshington waked Constantinople with a thundering sa- lute, to view the emblem of the new nation. When the Turks were told that the frigate came from the" country discovered by Columbus, they sent aboard a bunch of flowers and a lamp — the one meaning welcome, and tlie other friendship. In 1814 Congress voted to make a collection of the flags which had been captured by the armies and fleets, and they are now preser\'ed in the Flag-room at Wash- ington, and in the Gunnery-room at Annapolis ; but the collection is very incomplete, as for many years no care had been taken to gather and preserve these trophies, and the hiding-place of many of them is not even known. It is not necessary for us to enumerated all the victo- ries the flag has won and the vicissitudes it has under- gone during the long period of history, for they are known to every reader. It is never idle. New stars are continually added to its cluster, and fresh achieve- ments shed lustre upon its folds. It is now marching on to glorious conquests of peace. Alaska is under its dominion ; it waves over new possessions in the Pacific, two-thirds of the way to Japan ; while its latest acqui- sitions at home make its deep blue glow with the light- of thirty-seven stars. LAKE SUPERIOR. The moat westerly and most elevated of the North iiSW American chain of lakes, and the largest expanse of fresh water on the globe. It extends from lat. 40° 35' to 49° N., and from Ion. 84^ 30' to 92° 20' W. It has Minne- sota on the W. and N. ^"'., Wisconsin and the N. penin- sula of Miciiigan on tiie S., and Ontario in all other directions. Greatest lengtii, measured on a curve through its centre, from E. to W. 420 miles ; greatest breadth 160 miles ; circuit about 1,750 miles. Estimated area 33,000 square miles. Height above sea level 630 feet ; depth varying from 80 to 200 fathoms. It is of very irregular shape, widening towards its centre, and gradually nar- rowing, partly towardsitsE., but much more so towards its W- extremity, thus forming an irregular crescent, with its vexity on the N. and its concavity on the S. The N. shore is generally bold and elevated, and extends about 12 miles, presenting almost continuous ranges of cliffs, which vary in height from 300 to 1,600 feet ; the S. shore is low and sandy, though occasionally interrupt- ed by limestone ridges, the most remarkable of which, situated towards the E. extremity, presents a perpendi- cular wall 300 feet higii, broken by numerous caverns and projections, and forming, under the name of the Pic- tured Rocks, one of the greatest natural curiosities in America. The central portion of the Lake is clear of islands, which, however, are numerous both towards the S. and tiie N. side. In the former direction they are ge- nerally small ; but in the latter, several, more especially the Ibis Royal, are of considerable dimensions, and along witii the indentation of the coast, afllbrd good shelter for vessels. The water of the lake is remarkable for its transparency, and derives its supplies from a basin esti- mated at 100,000 square miles, which is drained by more than 200 streams. About 30 of these are of considerable size, but they are almost all impetuous torrents, inter- rupted by rocks and rapids. The outlet is at tiie S.E., by the St. Mary's Strait, which communicates with Lake Huron and the other great lakes whose waters reach the ocean, through the St- Lawrence. St. Mary's Strait (Sault Ste. Marie) descends 22 feet in a distanceof three fourths of a mile, forming a series of rapids, around which a navigable canal has been constructed forming the last link of the chain of communication tetween the great lakes, a;id adding above 1,700 miles to our coast trade. Within the lake itself the only obstructions to its navi- gation are the violent gales to which it is subject. It is well supplied with fish, principally trout, whitefish and sturgeon. Tiie two former are of excellent quality and have led to the establishment of a number of fishing sta- tions. The principal export by the lake is copper, of whicii veins of great richness and extent have been dis- covered both on its shores and islands. The silver mines of Lake Superior are very rich. Successful and most profitable explorations are being prosecuted on a number of islands and on the mainland by several companies. The most valuable deposits yet found have been on Silver Islet, where the yield is prolific. The boundary line between Canada and the United States, in Lake Su pe 142 mae of fresh B" 35' to 49° has Minne- le N. penin- in all other irve through breadth 160 area 32,000 feet ; depth iry irregular idually nar- 8 so towards lar crescent, y on the S. , and extends us ranges of 00 feet ; the ly interrupt- le of which, a perpendi- •ous caverns le of the Pic- :urio8ities in 8 is clear of 1 towards the they are ge- re especially 18, and along 3d shelter for lable for its a basin esti- lined by more considerable rrents, inter- atthe 8.E., :es with Lake ers reach the -lary's Strait tancc of three iround which ling the last len the great coast trade, i to its navi- ibject. It is /hitefish and quality and if fishing sta- 8 copper, of ive been dis- silver mines ul and most on a number I companies, een on Silver jundary line Lake Su pe CANADIAN INDUSTRY~ Bonded Montreal Vineg-ar Works. MICHEL LEFEBVRE, The qualities I claim f ■ pwdoimaant in the vinegars offered in -bnnfing to the public the Z&T'" '''' '*'"" "''''-^ ^-^ "'« "-st eminent chemist, of Canada, and I have great pleasure in T. a. T,TTSSTFP nr r. P. E. PICAUW, M.n T. O. LUSSIER,M.D. B. H. TRUDEL, M.D. ?"?• ?«?• PALNCfiAUD, M.D. J. L. LKPROHON, M D A. KICARD, M.D. J. A. CREVIER, M.D. Jos. QAGNON. M D WOLFRED NELSOX, CM., M.D. LABORATORY, 28 BEAVER HALL TERRACE J. G. BIBAUD, ii. h H.PELTIER. M.I)., Edin. E. ROBILLARD, M.D. R. GARIKPY, M.DL M. ETHIER, M.D A. A. 31EUNIKR, M.D A.ll. DAVID, M.D.,DC.L Mr. MrcHEL Lepebvre ■ ' ir , , ,r , 1 append below a report of its strength .• ^ " "'""" '° ""' '"'''"' " Vinegar Acid . I'it^lZZut „__ _ Q- P. GIRDWOOD, M. D. REPORT FROM DR. J. BAKER EDWARDS, P„, D. D.C.L., P.C.S PROFESSOR or Chemistry and MrcRoscopy J. BAKER EDWARD.<5 Pn D ppa n r., -^, . i>.-_i . . ,; ..• :."■' "^ ' ■ • • . 1 iTirtTOr nt Chorale I '/ 1 M BM,, op't College Medical Faculty, Mont real. etry. 148 JAMES LINTON & CO. This is one of the ohlest wliolesale Boot and Slice manufacturing iionses in tlic eit)', having been estabhslied in IS.Ji). Their factory and offices occupy the large five story building, formerly well known as the St. James Hotel, in Victoria Square, now transformed into one of the most complete boot and shoeestablisimients in the Dominion. A large portion of the ground floor is used as a receiving and shipping room, and is occupied with rolls and bales and piles of the raw material, and with cases and trunks of manufactured goods, branded ready for shipment to all parts of Hritish North America, from Newfoundland to the prairie province of JIanitoba. Here also is the great engine, — silent, patient, and tire- less, — reaching out its arms over the whole of the large building, and supplying power tiirough belt and pulley, to a hundred different machines. The steam elevator in a twinkling conveys us up to the second story, which is monopolized by the business offices, sample-room, and packing-room. The next story is required for a stock- room I and then on the fourth flat we reach a much busier scene. A portion of this floor is thronged by men and boys, who are actively engaged in cutting up the various materials required ; but the larger portion isoccupied by a multitude of sewing machine operators, who manufacture the boot-uppers ready for the bottomers, tipon the fifth flat, where our journey terminates. The various depart- ments of sole-leather cutting, bottoming, and finishing are to be found upon this top story, which, on account of the great number and variety of machines used, is the most interesting of all. Wonderful ingenuity has been developed in the production of the machinery necessary to meet the requirements of these departments. The sole-sewing and pegging machines ; heel-attiiching and heel-pressing machines ; heel-shaving and fore-part trim- mers and biirnisiiers : sole-leather rollers, splitters, and dyeing machines, etj., eto., of the latest construction,— would occupy hours in exan.ination, and much space in describing. About 300 hands are employed b' this firm, and the factory, which can turn out f'o.n a thousand to fifteen hundred pairs a day, is well wortiiy of a visit. rior, proceeds through its centre, till it approaches Isle Royal, when it bends N., so as to give that island enti- rely to the United States, and is tlien carried S.S.W. to its tcnninatiou at the mouth of Pigeon River, in Jat. 48» N. wolfp: lsland, A large Island at the entrance 1o the Hivcr St. Law- rence, at the N.K., extremity of Lake Ontario. It divi- des the St. Lawrence into (wo brandies, both of which are navigable for the largest vessels. The south one, however, is the main channel and boundary line of the United States. Wolfe Island is the Queen of the far- famed Thousand Islands. Its W. portion is opposite King- ston. Its coast is rather irregular, indented with beautiful and picturesque bays. The shores are sufficiently high to prevent the surf from washing up on the land, and is composed of fine gravel or limestone rock, which gives the whole coast a cleanly and attractive appearance. Its greatest width is 7 miles and length about 18 miles, and has ,')0,f)00 acres of as good land as is to be found in the ]>rovince. There are many evidences of this island liaving been inhabited by Indians, as human bones and various relics peculiar to Indian life have been discovered in many places. Forty years ago Wolfe Island was almost a dense and unbroken forest, inhabited by wolves and other wild beasts. But since that period the wild forest has given place to the most beautiful cultivated fields and orchards. Tliere is a thriving village, 16 schools, and ,0 churches. The water around the island is as clear as crystal, and teeming with all kinds of de- licious fish, such as salmon, trout, whitefish bass, pike, pickerel and JIaskinonge. WOLFE ISLAND. A thriving post village on the above island, in Fron- tenac Co., Ont., 3 miles from Kingston, with which city it has regular communication by ferry steamer. It con- tains a telegraph office, a grist mill, or G stores, and a lighthouse. Shipbuilding is largely engaged in. GEORGETOWN. An incorporated village in Halton Co., Ont., on the River Credit, and on the G.T.R., 29 miles N.W. of To- ronto. It has valuable water power privileges, and con- tains a telegraph office, paper mills, brewery, tannery, iron foundry, grist mill, marbleworks, a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, 3 hotels, and about 20 stores, and has a large trade in lumber, grain and coun- try produce. ROCKY MOUNTAINS. Called also tli^ CHIPPEWAYAN MOUNTAINS, a chain in the Central and W. part of North America ; com- mencing in New Mexico, in about 32* 30 N. lat., near Fort Webster, it extends nearly N.N.W. throughout the N. portion of the continent and the Polar Ocean, termin- ating W. of the mouth of the Mackenzie river in lat 09° N., Ion., l.T5° W. This range, in connection with the Andes, of which it may be said to be a continuation, forms the longest, and according to Humboldt, the most uniform chain of mountains on the globe. Somewhat more than half of the entire chain belongs to North America, the name. Rocky Mountains, being usually applied to tliat portion only which is comprised within the United States and Dominion of Canada, although the exact limit of this mountain range towards the S., can s-arcely be said to be determined. Theentire length, however, of the chain, following the windings, may be statedin round 144 ;)p08ite King- i'itli beautiful ently high to land, and is which gives >earance. Its 18 miles, and found in the f this island in bones and en discovered a Island was :ed by wolves riod tiie wild ul cultivated ; village, 16 nd the island kinds of de- h bass, pike, ind, in Fron- h which city ncr. It con- C stores, and ijed in. Ont., on the N.W. of To- ges, and con- !ry, tannery, inting office, id about 20 in and coun- NTAINS, a iierica ; coni- N. lat., neor Dughout the ean, termin- jr in lat 09° in witli the Dntinuation, it, the most Somewliot ;s to Nortii iing usually il within the igh the exact 3an scarcely however, of ited in round ;! JAMBS LINTON & CO. Manufacturers of, and Whofesale Dealers in Boots and Shoes , I 20 to 28 Victoria Square, ,1 'if MONTREAL. --f .'. ,1 MONTREAL CARD AND PAPER COMPANY. The ninmifiicture of cnrd-bonid nnd glnzod paper is a new indiistrv for Ciiimdii, the first endeavour to introdiioe it being made in ISO!), and tiie great success wiiicli iias attended the effort shows that Cn- sdians are always ready and willing to patronize home w iifiicturors when they can obtain good articles at rates which will compare favourably with imported goods. The Montreal Card and Paper Company is the only factory of its kind in the Dominion, and its goods are widely distributed thronghont all the Provinces. The factory is situated at 51-5 Laganchetiere street, Montreal, and is a handsome four story brick building with a frontage of twenty-five feet, and a depth of one hundred and fifty feet. About thirty liands find employment here and the machinery is all of the newest and most approved pattern. The goods turned out are of excellent quality and compare well with cither English or American manufaciures. Mr. A. J. AuchterlcMe is the Managing Director. Printers and dealers will find in this establishment a complete assort- ment of their class of goods always on hand. numbers at 3,000 miles. The E. boundary of the Rocky Mountaiup in lat. 38" N., is in 107° L'O' W. Ion. ; in lut 40" N., 108* 30' AV. lon.,in lat. 63° N., 124° 40'VV. Ion. ; in lat. 68" N., 130" 30' W. Ion. Notwithstanding this generid tending to the W., the continent widens so much more in the same direction that this chain, which in South and Central America, and Mexico, is comparitively a coast range, is several hundred leagues iidand in the United States and Canada. The highest known peaks within the United States are Fremont's, 13,-570 feet, and Pike's Peak, 11,497 feet high; and Mount Brown and Mou.it Hcoker, in Canada, near .53° N. lat., the former about IC.OOOand the latter 1.5,090 feet above the sea level. We are very imperfectly acquainted with this system of mountains; the general altitude of the range, however, is supposed to vary from 10,000 to 14,000 leet ; it is said that peaks have been measured of 18,000 feet in elevation Probably no mountainsofthesame altitude can be so readily traversed as the Rocky Mountain chain, owing to the great breadth of its base and its gentle acclivity. Among the most remarable of the numerous passes may be men- tioned that leading from the head waters of the Athabasca to those of the Columbia between Mount Brown and Mount Hooker, and tailed the Athabasca Portage ; it has a height of 6,300 feet and has only been used by the traders of the Hudson's Bay Company as vhe principal pass into the basii: of Columbia. The following are the measurement of S other passes in the Dominion of Canat. '>. Vermillion Pass, from the South Saskatchewan by Fort Bow (4,100 feet) to the Kootanie. 4,947 feet. 6. Kicking Horse PasM, by Bow River and Kicking Hrtrse River to the U[)per Cohnnhia. .5,420. 7. Howse Pass, from Deer River by Blueberry River to the Upper CohuHbia. 0,347 feet. 8. Tgte .laune or Yellowhead Pass, from the Athabasca to the Upper Eraser. 3,760 feet. The priin'ipal pass on United States territory is the South Pa.w, in about lat. 42« 30' N., and Ion. 109°' 30' W. Its elevation is about 7,500 feet above the sea. The Union Pacific Railroad crosses the Rocky Mountains near the sources of the Missouri and Columbia at an elevation of about 6,000 feet above the sea. Amid the valleys and gorges of this stupendous system of mountains some of the largest rivers, of the globe have their birth. Of these the Athabasca Peace, and Mackenzie find their outlet in the Polar Sea ; Saskatchewan in the Atlantic through Hudson's Bay; the Missouri and it tribal taries find an exit in the Mississippi ; while the Rio del Norte, the Coloardo and the Columbia take opposite directions the first through the valley of New Mexico to the Gulf of Mexico ; the second through the deserts of Utah to the Gulf of California; while the last from the N. bursting through the Cascade and coast ranges, rushes to join the mighty Pacific, bearing the only water that reaches that Ocean directly from this range. Of tlie geological structure of the Rocky Mountains little is as yet known. Volcanic rocks are known to exist in many places on the slopos or sides. Acconling to the most recent resports there is, between the heAds of Madison River and the upper waters of the Yellow stone a volca- nic region of perhaps 100 square miles in extent. Hot springs are found not only in this region, but in various other places on the E. and W. declvities of the Rocky Mountain range. Near 42° 37' N. lat., and 1 1 lo 4.5' W Ion., there are a number of fountains the waters of which effervesce with (he carbonic acid that they contain. From this circumstance they have received the name of " Beer, or Soda Springs. Tlie most remarkable of t.iese throws up a>< d\au of about 3 feet high, accompanied with a subterraneous noise, which, together with the rushing of the water resembles the sound of a steamboat in motion whence it has been termed the " Steamboat Spring." Inexhaustible coal fields skirt the Rocky Mountains through 12 degrees of latitude, chiefly in British territory. The route of the Canadian Pacific railway will be through this coal district, and will cross the Rocky Jlountains by the Yellowhead Pass. HALIFAX CITY AND COUNTY. The City of Halifax, the capital of th« Province of Nova Scotia, was founded in the year 1749 by the Lords 116 MONTREAL ft PAPER CO, (3L. I a^ I T E3 ID ,) Lis MONTREAL. Sole Manufacturers in the Dominion of mm ml DEALERS IN Wrapping Papers, Paper Bags. Ink, Mucilage, Bill Heads, Address Tags, Ac, ,S.o. '^4 Sanvples, iJsttm^tes and rrica JOt^sts, furnished of tra(k>, uiid wns iinined in coiiiplimer)t to George Mountiigiie Euil of HuliCn.v, theiiuttlie head of the Board. The scliemc fur the estuhlishineiit of the town is siiid to have origiiijitcd witli the peojde of Massachusetts, who, in calling the attention of Oovornnient to the claims and encroachiuents of the French on tl"; territory of Acadia suggested the necessityas weiliisthe great coinniercialad- vantago to be derived fionisncii an undertai^ing. A plan was aoconlinu^ly suhiniUed to the Government in the autumn of 17 Is, and being warmly supported by Lord Halifax, advertisements suon appeared under the simciioii of his JIajesty's authority, holding out excellent inducL- ments for emigration. The prospects appeared so invit- ing, that in a siiort time l,17(i settlers, with the' fami- lies, were found to volunteer, and the sum of £10,000 being api)r()iiriiited by Parlianu'nt for tlie purpose, the expedition was phiced under the connnand of Colonel tiie Honourable Edward Cornwallis, JF. P., as Captain General and Governor ol Nova Scotia, and set sail tor Chebucto Ba_ early in May, ]71!». The fleet consisted of thirteen transports, carrying i.>,37(i passengers, men, women, and children, and u sloop of war, the Siihiiij-, with tiie Governor and His suite on board. Tlie total nundjer of males was l,-54-5, of which about oOO were man-of-war sailors. On or about tlie ^'Ist of June, the Siihinx arrived in the harbor of Chebucto, and the Governor and suite soon after landed on George's Island. On the 1 4th July, the civil Government was organized on board the ifrHi(/or< transport, and the following gentlemen sworn incouncillors, viz : Colonel Paul Mascarine, Captain Edward Howe, Cajitain John Gordan, Benjamin Greene, John .Salisbury, and Hugh Davidson. Th(3 table around which the first Council sat is still preserved in theCouu- cil Chamber. The formation of the Council was announ- ced by a general salute by the ships in harbour, and the day was devoted to amusement and festivity. lu the month of July, Mr. Bruce, a civil engineer, and Mr. Morris, a surveyor, were ordered to lay out the town, which was smveyed and the plan completed by the 14th September. The town was laid out in squares or blocks of .'ii-'O by !:.'() feet — the streets being from •S-'i to 60 feet wide. The width of Granville Street is but 55 feet. Each block contained sixteen town lots, 40 feet front and CO feet deep, excepting the lots between Barrington and Argyle streets which are 7u> feet deep— giving a larger space for St. Paul's Churcli and the Parade. The whole Wiis dividt!d into five divisions. Buckingham street was the first fixed as the north, and Salter street as the south limit, but the north line was 8ub.sequently extended to Jacob street. The settlers drew for the lots, and tlie names and numbers were entered on a register kept for that purpose, still in existence, and known as the allot- ment book. The north and south suburbs were sur- veyed about the same time, and the German lots in the north laid off in the following year. On clearing the ground for settlement, a number of dead bodies were discovered among the trees, partly con- cealed beneath the underwood, which were supposed to have been the remains of soldiers of the Duke D'Anville's expedition, which wintered in Chebucto in 1740. In 1872 the workmen excavating in the vicinity of the new Presbyterian Church, Dartmouth, exhumed large (luantities of Imman bones. It will be remendjered by those familiar with the early history of the Province that about the year 174(i a fever broke out in a French fleet then lying in the harbour, which swept away hundreds of seamen. The commanding ofHcer, who also fell a victim, was interred on George's Island. Large mnnbers of the seamen were buried on the Dartmouth side, and it is probable that it is the remains of these unfortunate men which were then brought to light, after a repose of a century and a quarter. Mimy of the bones were in u good state of preservation. On the I7fh July, the French deputies waited on the Governor on board the Beaufort transport. They were again received by the Governor and Council on tho2!)th July, when they rendered their allegiance to the new Government, which was accepted. The Indians also had an audience on the 14th August, and treaties of peace between them and the colonies were drawn up and sign- ed on the following day. These treaties do not appear to have been much respected, however, as the Indans continued .o give the se Mers considerable trouole ; and several new compaiiie» f volunteers were raised in the following October to prevent their incursiins. About this time nearly one thousand persons are 8\id to have fallen victims to a fearful epidemic which sweot over tlio country, '.aws, similar to those in force in the colony of Virginia, being found the luost applicable to the cir- cumstance of the new town, were adopted. From I. ■ year 1749, the, defence of the town consis- ted of pallisades or pickets placed upright, with block- houses, built of logs at convenient distances. This fence extended from where St. Mary's Cathedral now stands to the beach, south of Fairbank's wharf, and on the north along the line oi" Jacob street to the harbour. There were also block-houses at Point Pleasant, Fort Massey, and various other points near the town. The town of Dartmo-.th was commenced in August 1750, by 360 settlers, wlio arrived in the ship Aldaby. In tlie December following the first ferry was established' and John Connor appointed ferryman by order in Coun- cil. Dartmouth and the vicinity of Halifax suffered consid- erable at this time from the depredations of the French and Indians, stimulated by French emissaries; and to prevent their incursions a militia force was formed con- sisting of all the male inhabitants between the ages of six- teen and sixty. Betwee Ihe years 1751 and 1762, 1958 German set- tlers arrived in the colony. In June 1763, 1500 of them embarked for Malagash harbour and Mahone Bay, where they afterwards built the town of Lunenburg. Theromain- 148 i!s, partly coii- B supposed to le D'Anvillc's 174{i. vicinity of tlie (humoj litrgo iienibered by I'rovinco timt Krencii fleet y iiuiidreds of fi'll 11 victim, iinbors of the Je, and H is srtuimtti men repose of a I's were in u raited on the They were I on the S!)th to the new ians also had iies of peace up and sign- not appear the Indans trouble ; and raised in the ms. About s\id to have /ent over the II tlie colony le to tlie cir- ;own consis- witli block- This fence now stands and on the rbour, easant, Fort m. 1 in August, ship Aldahy. established, er in Coun- i;red consid- the French ies ; and to formed con- ! ages of six- 3crraaa set- 500 of them Bay, where The romain- VIZE] Montreal MaUeaUe Iron Works, "UHOTAOTDBEBS OF ILL KINBS OP MaUeaUe Iron Castings, USED BY MACHMSTS, MOWINII & imm MANUFACTBRERS, RAKES, CARRIAGES, &c. &c. w e are now in a position to manufacture tlie above Goods of MALLEABLE IRON, Both by Cupulo and Air Furnace. The work hitherto done has given entire satisfaction, and the prop,- : the patronage of the Manufacturers of 1 tors would respectfully solicit Dominion. le- the Solid for Cfi r •1;' r niiT I 149 f 1 \ I L. MITCHELL, Manufacturer of church organs, wiw eatablishoJ in ISGO. The factory ig situated at 100 to 104 St Antoino street, Montreal, covering about one hundred square feet, employing from fifteen to twenty nwn. The organs made here are first-class, and ,,re in some of our most pronunent churches, both in Canada and the United States. Mr. Mitchell has recently shipped one of the largest organs to Chicago that was ever built on the Continent of America. der continued in Halifax, and were located iu the North suburbs, called Dutchtown, Brunswick and Lockn.an streets, now known as the North End, and were the first settlers of that part of tiie peninsula. Notwithstanding the advantages held out by the Gov- ernineut and the fact that up to the year 1757 the enor- mous sura of A-500,000 sterling had been expended on til., settlement, the people at that dato were rapidly re- moving to the old colonics. The fisheries, one of the main inducements for emigration, being almost entirely neglected, and the population reduced to much less than half Its original numbers, subsisted chiefly on the money expended by the army and navy, and were dependant on Boston for their provisions, and all other necessary sup. plies. Halifax was of incalculable importance, however, to Great Britain in a military point of view, and to its position as a military and naval station may be ascribed, in a great measure, the downfall of the French power in America. The fleets and troops under Lord Howe and Leiidon sent out for an attack on Lonisburg, in 1757, made Hali- fax their rendezvous. After the siege, which lasted two months, the fleet and anny returned to Halifax and remained some time to refit. The country was sacked for provisions, and many of the sailors, being enriched by the campaign in Lonisburg, procured their discharge and became settlers, and all the ammunition and stores, with a quantity of private property, beiiip removed to Halif-u, the town once more began to assum^ a prosper- ous appearance. Halifax was again the resort of tui- army and navy, under Wolfe, during the following ear, 1759; and in 1763 the town was enlivened by the presence of a large army and navy, and many gentlemen of standing made the place their home. In December, 1700, King George tiie III was pro- claimed at Halifax with great ceremony. Representative Government was established in Nova Scotia in 1758. A great gale of wind in 1769, caused much destruction of property and loss of life. The winter was remarkably severe, the harbour being choked with ice for several days in the month of February, and tlie snow on the ground in March following was in many places five feet deep. From 1770 to 1770 was a period of great public excite- ment: emissaries from the revolted colonies were numer- ous, and all meetings of a political nature were forbid- den. The Parliament elected in 1770 sat for fourteen years, without being dissolved. After the close of the French war, the town declined in pro.Hperity for a few years ; but eventually it again be- came the depot of the troops and shipping, and a more prosperous era began to dawn. After the evacuation of Boston, ten thousand soldier*, sailors and loyalists, who arrived with tlie fleet were quartered in the town. Many of the transports, being in a leaky condition, landed tiieir people. Every house was crowded to excess. From the commencement of hostilities to the termination of the war, the town was thronged with troops and refugees from the .evolted provinces, and the scarcity of provi- sions increased to an alarm extent. Beef wa« 3s 6d. and butter 6a. per lb. The loyalists soon distributed themselves throughout the Province, and the population again rapidly decreased. In 1783, however, great numbers of loyalists came from New York, and the population thus augmented, was sud- denly increased to double its former numbers ; yet it is very remarkable that in September, 1791, within eight years af --r, the population had again so fallen ofl" as scarcely to exceed five thousand. The greater portion of theloyalist* retufned to the States, where thoy became founders of some the great families. In the year 1787 Nova Scotia was erected into a Bishop's See, and Halifax made the residence of the Bishop. On December 27, 179S, a tremendous hurricane visited the town, and swept away all the wharves, and damaged most of the shipping in the harbour. The loss of pro- perty was estimated at .£100,000. The lumber yard, ordnance yard, and King's wharf, were all commenced about the year 1784, or 1786; but tiie buildings now existing at these localities were not put up till a much later date. Citadel Hill was cu' down, and ramparts of earth con- structed on the site by Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, when commander-in-chief of the garrison, a number of wooden fortifications by which the hill iiad been occupied having been removed for the purpose. The Towers on George's Island, Point Pleasant, East- ern Battery, Meagher's Beach, and York Redoubt were built about this time. He abo established talegraph signals between Hahfax and Annapolis— the first post being on the hill behind his own residence on Bedford Basin. The Parade Ground was levelled and the wall built by him. Uiitill the year 1780 the streets of the town were in a very rough condition, and, from stumps of trees and rocks, impassable for carriages. The first Government House was erected soon after the laying out of the town. The frame and material were brought from Boston. The building was completed early in October. It was a small low building of one 160 LOUIS MITCHELL Manufacturer of Superi nor Church Or gans, Of all diincntions, Builder of tli< in America ; built for the Jesuit's Church, Chicago go in 1870. All Orders Promptly attended to. hH 'i loo, 102, 104 ST. ANTOINE STREET, I MONTRKAL BRASS WoUKS. The outalilisliini'iit of Messrs. R. Mitcliull & Co.,ci,ruvr ofCriii^imil St. IVtrrsinrfs, Montrnil, jiii,l kninvn »« tho MoiitriMl Hriisi work.s, i^ ili<> |,irK.'»t fiictory of iii kind in ihe I)oniiiii..ri. h in « liaiidsonic hrick liuildinR, throi' stoivys liiKli, 1ms ii front iikc of til IW't on Cniig Htrw't, » d.pth of 7 J foct on St. I'i'Wr Htr....t, i.nd ,i l.ink cxtiMisionol r,i> (Vet on Fortifinilion l.anc. There isnhoiit 30,0()() s,,„ar«> feet of flooring in tlii' eNtiibii,.l.nient, and over one hundred dill, rent niaeliii.es whiuli are rnii hy a t\ven( y-live-horse power engine. The Hhowrooni in oji tlic sticond lloor and is a very large and handsome apart- ment, where the liivgest and finest assortment of hrass work.gas fixtures.elmndeliers, .Ve., to be found in Canada ore always on exhibition. About 2U0 men are eonslanlly employed, and Messrs. Mitchell have gaineil for them- selves the reputation of being very just and honorable employers, kind and considerate tow.wls their men. Ti.u works were establislied in I'-.il, anUTI. The latter building stood on the site now occupied by the warehouse of that name. Between I7.5:t an.l l7so p„bli,; g„rdens and pro- menades were much in vogue, of x.hioh Adam's Garden NOMlh of the citailel, near the present Artillery Park, wnn the principal. The Artillery Park was then kej)! on the Grand I'iirnd.-, The Parade was not levelled at that time, and the descent at the north-east corner was very abrupt. The Artillery I i.rracks stood in a line with the engine-liouse recently removed from the upper -de of the Orand Parade ; Spring (hardens was another l.laee of resort. The old Governor's Gardens were south of (.lovermuent House, now the residence of the Rev. George M Grant. About tlie year 1768 there were ini,,p posts at all the princi|ml coiners, the town being then lit with oil, at the public expense. The first jail was situated in Hollis str.et, at the foot of Salter street. The Queen's Dockyard was first established in 175S It was exteniled and improved in 17(i(). The i)resent wall was built in 1 770 ; this date is inscribed on the gate. It is situated in the north end of the city and now con- tains workshops, warehouses, and stores of various descriptions, besides commodious residences (or the oflicers and workmen. It contains several war trophies It was at this place His Royal Highness the Prince of Walts first landed in Nova Scotia in the year 18(10. After the return of His Royal Highness the Duke of Kent, and between (hat period and 1,S40, the town of Halifax di.I not make such rapid progress as many other towns on this continent. During tlie American war of IsfU, several valuable prizes were taken into port, which caused a considerable sum of money to circulate : but comparatively few buildings of any note were erected. Iho foundation-stone of Slason Hall was laid by the Duke of Kent about ISOO. The Provincial Building was erected between ISIS an.l 1820, a.id Dalhousie College about 1S20. St. Paul's Church was enlarged about 1812. A crusty old Admiral removed, about this time, the principal Dockyard to Bennuda. The eman- i.pation of the slaves in the West India colonies, in 1831 caused a serious interruption to the important trade carried on between Halifax and those islands. This was followed by Asiatic cholera in 18,3-5, this again by com- mercial regulations respecting the admission of Baltic timber into the British markets about isy? ; and that was followed by the withdrawal of the troops during the trouble in Canada-all combined to cause a stagtiatiou in trade, and to give a desolate appearance to the citv. But withm the last quarter of a century Halifax has made rapid progress, both in population and material wealth. A class of what was then considered commo- dious steamers was placed upon the ferry between Hali- fax and Dartmouth. About the year 18.39 or 1840 the Cunard line of steamers was established, the Liverpool 162 ipar the Dock- •troyi'il hy firu the lite iiuw ilt'iiN iitiil pro- idiiiti'n (liirdeii Artillery Park, wi« tlifii kept not luvt'llod at Ht corner was tuoil ill a lino roni tlio iippur u w«n another sns were south o of tlio Itev. IS thoro were 10 town being et, at the foot islieil in 1758 Tlio present <] on the gate, ind now con- u» of various ncos for the war trophies, the Prince of lar ISCiU. 9 the Duke of ', tlie town of H many other erican war of port, which ircnlate ; but .vere erected. laid by the cial Building id Dalhousie wna enlarged id, about this The emaii- nies, in 1831, >ortant trade s. This was fain by coni- ion of Baltic 37 ; and that ps during the a stagnation L' to the city. Halifax has »iid material ired comino- jtween Hali- or 1840 the lie Liverpool ROBERT MITCHELL & CO. IStii @«llitil Mi fill t < -i ."My^ffi 1 1 \ ST. PETER AKD CRAIG STREETS. £;^^ti7rtcitesoi^e.nfor HcaUng rahUc a,nd (private ^uUdings, hy StecLrr, and Hot Wafer. " *^ t-^w-A/T, 163 L.. M McOAUVn.VN * TL'CKKR. Mr.«r». M.Guuvran A- Tucker rank ainoiiK.t tlio <.l.l-»f a>nl l.,.»t known ImimIht tir.n» in Monfr.-ul, un.l liuvo lut.'ly niu.li- a v.Ty lurKi- »imI important ail.lilion to their eitHbliHlno.'nt. Not hHirvinj, i„ |,„ving " ;.1I tlirir egg. in on,. l,n«k..f," llMN lirni hm wiHy •"Htubli („..l tlirpo ililI.Tcnt, storm .-roun.U. ( )n,. „{ then.. \» nitimt.'.j at Ht. Gal)rirl'H IhIhiwI, on.' ,.l tlie corner of Oiiy an.) William •tr.Tt«,an,l tliu oth.-r at thi' corner of St. .r»», oh and Cnnnnig ntrcH-. At the latter place, in the vicil.ity of the Lachme Pan,,!, are their exten^iv.. h«w an.l planing nulk Tlie saw mill Ik a Htone utrneture eighty hy ninety feet, in which two large circular m.w» arc kept constant- ly gomg. A.ljoining this i» tho " factory," a brick I'iMl.linM M. X l-JOfeet, and three storeya in height. In the hrst story arc the .Waning machines, in the .second, IS the sash ta.'tory, an.l in the thir.l. is the b...x fuct..ry In summer, an.l while the wat. >• is in the canal, all the inarhinery is run by water power, but when thi« is r.ot available, a large steam ..ngine, alongside the snw-mill is the motive power. Towards .St. Joseph Hfr.-et is a large lu.nber-yar.l, -00 x r,m feet. At present there arc 00 .n..n employe.l in the works, but in busy tiim's, they are ..■.■reascl to ir, „r so. M,.,Hrs. M..(}anvr«n A Tucker will always have on lu.ii.l a complete assortment of honse- hiMshmgs, moul.lings, sheeting, etc., which may be ob- tained at the lowest rates. Their yards are store.) with all kinds of well-seasoned lumber, ami are weU worthy of a visit from thos.- contemplating building operations, lie h.^ad of the firm, Mr. J. W. McOanvran, M.P.P.. has been nearly all his life in the lumber trade an.l is well an.l favorably known throimh the (Jttawa Valley as well as tlirongliout Quebec. He h„8 been an Alder- man of the City of Montreal for about fifteen years during most of which time he has acted as chairman of the ^\ at..r Committee, and Montreal owes a great portion ofhersplemlid water works system to his untiring at- teuti.,11 to his duti.'s in tliat Committee. Mr. McGau- vran has for two years past represented Montreal West in the I'rovmcial I'arliaiuent, and has shown the same sound common sense, upright principles and determina- tion to do '< the best he knew how," which has gained lor him th,. sn A West India lin., plyi„g between Ply. mouth and the West India Ishnuls, yia Halifax was also starte.1, hut did not succeed. The Gas Company was incorporated about the'yei.r 1840, and in l%.o tife g„« was first lighted in the city. * About the same year, 1842, the City Act of Incor- poration was obtained from the Legislature, since which time great imjirovements have been made in the general app..«rance and public institutions of the city. Under the Act of Incorporation the city is divided into six wards, each being represented in the ( ity ( oun. d by three Al.lerm.-n— who, with the May,.r an.) the Kecnrder, transact all the tiimncial and civil huiiness. A Stipen- diary Magistrate wo« appointe.l by lh.t I.egislutuiv iu iMi/i, who isjn.lge in all cases before the Police Court. In JS47 the Water Company was orgunized, an.l iiitrodnce.l a -npply of cvcelU'iit water from the lukei, some hve or mx mil.'s to the rear of the city ; but theio work, have since been purchased by the (,'ity Corpora- ti..ii, and placed un.ler the control -f c.inmission.rs appointed by the city Government. The water comm,,- sioiiers in I heir turn gave place to the city Ii..ar.l .,f works el.'ct.Ml by the members of the City Council from their own nnniber in 1S72. In 180!! »I08,00(» were expen.Ied in laying pipo, to connect Spruce Hill Lake* with the city. These hikes being more elevate.l than the lakes of the previous supply, give tho a Kuriirdiir, M. A .Sti|WII- Lcxinlutiiri' ill I'dlicu C'oiirt. rgiiiiizud, uikI roiii till' luki'N, ity ; but tlifiu ♦ 'ity C'orponi- I'illlllllJlwiulll'I'N Alltf'r CUIIIMlis. city Hoard of Council fiom laying |ii|iug city. Tlii!H6 f tho |>ruvioug ' u riiil Dtipply of It COjIIOIIt jitudcl, or tlui Spruce Hill riige u million a several oc- •re ciiiiHiiiiu'd, and covering ■t of the city, 'lire haa since lite, and brick C OH this con- largf wooden ^a» originally besides gave he Secretary dioug hotel, ud was occu- -'d in various rnmcnt pur- ifice upon it, wnd pouiid«, nice, Savings 3ing, the old ofgreyfree- b, 8»!venty in ound flat are iver-tJeneral Crownland, B second flat two Houses tive Library, ions, but by is less ini- rcumstances the Oovern- sie College, ITO TO BBILDERS Ai COmACTOBS. McGAUfRAN i TUCKER jr^ w E3aVIO'VE3I3 Vhcir iirincipal Yard and OfficeM MONTREAL, ADJOINING THEIR SAW, PLANING, SASH, DOOR AND DOX FACTORY, sawn lumber stock comprises Seasoned and Green, of every Grade of Th'ckness, Dressed anJ Rough, Scantling, Lccths, Fixrrings, Sfunryles, IHnc, HemlocJc and Hardwood, Square and Flat Timber, Split and Roiinl Cedars, ^c, rf^c. Their Sash and Door Factory is under the management of an experienced and thoroughly capable joiner, who has heretofore g.ven much sat.sfaction to their numerous customers, and in this department they are prepared to execute order., fur every description of house finishing, promptly and satisfactorily. Packing cases and Lxes of all k.nds made to order at short notice, and at the lowest market prices. Orders sent by post will receive immediate attention. ^ receive mmm & mm 166 li I II * I r?f^^ I 1 ST. THOMAS TANNERY. Mr. M. T. Moore, manufacturer, dealer, and importer of all kinds of leather, hides, sheepskins, oils, shoe-find- ings, 4c., was established in 1S40. The store, office and factory ar3 situated on Talbot Street, St. Thomas, Out. The front building is of brick, two stories in iieight, one hundred by sixty feet and is occupied as a store and office. The Tannerj' is in the rear and is a large building. The Tannery and other buildings two inmierous to men- tion, cover about two acres of ground. The llrm employ about fifteen hands, turning out about one hundred and seventy-five sides of leather a week besides calfskins, kips, &c. Sixteen horse steam power is used in this factory. the Asylum for the J:mane in Dartmouth, which was enlarged in 1S09, tlie Wellington Barracks, tlie Court House, the City and Provincial Hospital, tiie Tenitentiary the City Prison, and the City Market, which may b<^ classed as public buildings, and some of them are very attractive and imposing in appearance. During the year ISGS the British Government erected a Military Hospital in the Garrison field at a cost of 8150,000. The Poor's Ayslum, completed in 1860, is built of brick and granite at a cost of $260,000. It is sit- uated on the South Common, west of the Provincial Hos- pital, and is the most imposing edifice in the city. The Blind Ayslum, east of the Hospital, is a fine two storey brick and stone building. Its origin is due to the philanthropy of the late William Murdoch, Esq., who bequeathed $-5,000 towards the education of the blind in Nova Scotia. The Halifax Club Building, the Temperance Hall, and the offices of several Banking and Insurance Com- panies are owned by the respective corporations bearing their names, and represent a very large accumulation of surplus capital. The Bank of Nova Scotia, in HoUis street, was built in 1856-57, of freestone, and cost up- wards of six thousand pounds. During the year 1871-2, two public halls were erected —the Argyle Hall in Argyle street, and the large hall in Hesslein's Building, in HoUis street— neither of which are suitable for the requirements of a city like Halifax throgh very suitable for small assemblies. Till 1848 or, '49 the only Hall for public meetings was the old Mason Hall, which then only contained the front room, where all the public meetings we held, not suit- able for churches. The Harmonic Hall was built, and is now used as a stable in connection with Moir & Com- pany's bakery on Grafton Street. Te , vcrance Hall was built by a joint stock company in 1849-50 ; it was then fully capable of accommodating all that would turn out for lectures, concerts, &c., but it has become too si; .il, and perhaps before another ten yea- . pass may come to the same degradation which has befallen the Harmonic Hall, the idol of certain parties about 1841 and 1842. The Banking House belonging to the Union Bank was built m ISO.-), at a cost of about ten thousand pounds. The School in Barrington Street, built in 1864 by the Roman Catholics, and taught by the Christian Brothers, 18 a substantial brick and granite structure. The Rich- mond Schoolhoiise, erected in 1868, and capable of accommodating 240 pupils , the Morris Street School- house, built in 1869, at a cost of ^bout 26,U00 doihirs, and having accommodation for 600 pupils ; and the School- house m Albro street, erected in 1870, and capable of receiving 600 pupils, are all substantial edifices of brick and stone, erected to supply the increasing demand for school accommodation since the introduction of the Free vSchool system. Some of the private business establish- ments and warehouses are such as will do credit to any city. Among these may be named the wholesale ware- houses of Messrs. Kenny, Doull & Miller, Duffiis & Co Power & Co., Burns & Murray, S. Howard * Son, and many others in Hollis and Granville streets, and the still more durable and commodious wharf warehouses of Cunard & Co., Collin's (now Seeton's) and many others, with which the wharves are studded from Pryor's wharf to the Dockyard, and which are annually filled with merchandise of various sorts in which an extensive and lucrative trade is carried on with Great Britain, the United States, British and Foreign West Indies, and the neighbouring provinces. Manufactures of every kind are yet comparatively in their infancy in Halifax. There are in the city and Dartmouth five or six iron foundries and machine shops in some of which steam engines and other heavy ma^ chines are neatly constructed. The machine shops of the Railway at Richmond, com prise a number oi commodious structures, and give employment to from 100 to 160 men. Besides these there are two or three tobacco factories, three piano- fori;e factories, several furniture factories, a powder mill one or two nail factories, sawing and planing mills, sash factories, 4c., all of which are doing an CNtensive hi,..: ness, and yielding a handsome return for capital invested A large flour mill has been completed, in connection with a bakery, occupying from Grafton to Argyle streets. This baking establishment is capable of work- ing off one hundred barrels of flour per day. There are several colleges and academies, and a number of private academies, schools, &c.. in the city The introduction of the Free School System in the city in 1866 has made great changes in the education both as regardsjita extent and the facilities of obtaining it. In 1866 the registered pupils in the schools were 2 670 whUe in 1871 they rose to 5,2.')9. The teachers employed were eighty-seven against thirity five in the former year The expenditure, for school purposes has risen from $21,294.62 in 1866 to $57,178 in 1872. In the year 1 828 there were six newipapers pub m:t:moore, PROPRIETOR OF THE ST. THOMAS TANNERY. EIS'F^BIL,ISxXElr> 1840. Manufacturer aud Importer, Dealer in all kinds of AND SHOE FINDINGS. TALBOT STREET, ST. T HOMAS, ONTARIO. ALEX. McKELVIE & SONS, WULCill WiiICi, TMeii il¥EiS, MANUFACTURERS OF STEAM ENGINES, Circular Saw Mills, Double Edgers. Double Butters, Filing Mills. AU kinds of Castings, Heavy and Light Porgings, Patterns, &c. a UN' r Miller brotheus and mitchell. The machine factory of Messrs. Miller Brothcri and Mitchell, manufacturers of hydraulic engines, elevators, hand and steam hoists, puUies, derricks, &c., is located at No. 53 St. Joseph street, Montreal, and was established in 1869. The factory is of brick and stone, having a frontage of thirty feet by a depth of one hundred feet, and being four storeys high. A thirty horse power steam engine is used, and employment is given to about fifty hands. Messrs. Miller Brothers and Mitchell also manu- facture self closing hatches, doors and gates, which are extensively used and found to be equal to anything of the kind made in the Dominion or imported. lished in Halifax ; there are now 14— three daily, three tri-weekly, the six poiilical journals; four are devoted to the interest of religious denominations, bisides these a journal of agricultnre, and a journal of education, both monthly, are published under the management of the Provincial Boards appointed to tliose two departments by the Legislature. There are now twenty-six places of worship in liie city. Seven of these belong to the Presbyterians, five to the Episcopalians, three to the Ronnm Catholics, four to the Wesleyaus, two to the Baptists, one to the Con- gregationalists, one to the Universalists, one to the Freewill Baptists, two to the colored population, prin- cipally Babtists and Methodists : they are generally well filled or each returning Sabbath. From 1S27 to 1S.30, the middle portion of St. Mary's Cathedral was erected, but it has been enlarged and al- most remodeled since that time ; a massive granite front has juit been completed which renders this by far the the most expensive and durable ecclesiastical structure in the Province. The Halifax Banking Company was organized in 1S25, and is consequently the oldest banking company in the city. It was then a private company, but in 1S72 it obtained a charter from the Dominion Government and is now a joint stock company. It was followed by the Bank of Nova Scotia and the Bank of British North America. There are now in all seven chartered banks and two or three Savings banks in the city. M'itiiin tlie pant few years a considerable number of pn\ indivi- duals, and firms have gone mto the Banking business in connection with Exchange under the name of Bankers and Brokers, and Hollis Street presents the appearance of a young Wall Street. And this gives facilities former- ly unknown for Bank accommodation ; and forming a fiivourable method of utilizing small sums held by the hording and provident classes. There are two Building Societies, four Public Libra- ries, three Reading Rooms and several Benevolent Socie- ties of various descriptions and nationalities (ofwhicii, the North British was the first established. ) Since the opening up of railway communication with the interior of the Province, the city has increased rapid- ly in wealth. Since 1S58, railways have been in opera- tion from Halifax to Windsor, on the Bay of Fundy, and from Halifax to Truro, at the head of Cobequid Bay. Tlie latter line is now continued to Pictou harbour, in tlie Straits of Northumberland, where it has already attracted a large trade from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, besides bringing the coal mines of Pictou county within easy reach of the city. The Windsor line of railroad has been extended to Annapolis, 120 miles from Halifax. The Intercolonial is in connection with tlie Eastern Ex- tension of the United States and also with the Grand Trunk and connecting lines via Quebec. The discovery of gold in the Province, and the extensive investment of capital and employment of labour in gold mines, has also to some extent aidi'd the commerce of the city, by provid- ing a new and valuable export with which to pay for goods purchased in Great Britian. For the last few years the population of the city has beenrapidly increas- ing, and when the projected lines of communication by rail and steamships with neiglibouring Provinces and the United States are completed, Halifax must come to be one of the foremost cities in population and wealth, as she is already one of the most important in geographical position on the continent of American. Since the abrogation of the Reciprocity Treaty, and especially within tiie past six years, Halifax has made rapid progress in manufactories. Four carriage factories, four large boot and shoe factories, which employ a large number of men. Gordon & Keith, McEwan & Sons, and otiier extensive furniture manufactories. Stephen & Son have their extensive warehouse in the old St. Andrew's Church, on Harrington street which has been handsomely refitted for the purpose. Barrack street, which but a few years ago had only a collection of old wooden buildings, the resort of the depraved, within the past few years has undergone a rapid change. A handsome brick church was built as a Mission House by Edward Jost, Esq., at his own expense. Then the city of Halifax Fire Engine Comp: ,,'s build- ing, a very fine structurewith tower. The uilding has been followed by Taylor,s boot and shoe factory. The corner of Brunswick and Prince street has been purchased for a Dispensary. In a few years this street bids fair to become one of the finest in the city. Tlie extension of Barrington street on the south, and Lockman street on the north and south, is an improve- ment which reflects credit on the public spirit of the citizens The old wooden erections on the Jacob pro- perty, which so long stood as an eyesore, have all been replaced by modern structures. On Barrington street the many improvements now in progress make it appear that at no distant day this will be the first street in the city for the retail trade. The only buildings of consequence lately finished with in the city are the market structures on Argyle street, on the property lately owned by A. M. Uniacke, Esq. 168 L IV heels for fransmisswn of Power by Wire Ro^e, &c. 53 St. Joseph Street, 4«s. MONTRE-AI 159 'li.i '! . PARIS FOIjT^DRY and AGRICULTURAL WORKS. The agricultural works of Ifr. Dnvid Maxwell, Paris, Out., were established in ISO!), and cover over half Jin acre of ground. The buildings are all of i)rick and water power is used to supply the motive force. From thirty- five to forty hands are constantly employed. Tiie main building is one hundred and thirty feet long by forty feet depth, and is used as the machine shop- Tiiis shop is furnished nith all the most improved machinery for turning out first class agricultural implements, and u specialty is made of manufacturing implements and machinery particulariy adapted for tho use of stock raising. In this branch of the business 5Ir. Maxwell lias " few equals and no superior " in Canada. The foundry is forty feet by seventy five, one and a lialf story high ; the blacksmith shop forty feet by sixty, and the store- house is a fine brick structure, two storeys high, eighty fee; by thirty, with office attached. Mr. Maxwell does an extensive trade throughout the Dominion, and his goods so well reconuuend themselves as to need little further commendation. The old homestead is retained, but considerably altered so as to destroy its historical ass'H'iations as the palatial residence of the Attorney General of Nova .Scotia — tiic first Uniacke. The other is the Young Men's Christian Association building on corner of Granville and Prince streets. The old wooden erections on that spot are luip- pily removed, and a beautiful brick building with granite facing was opened about May 1874. It is specially intended for the use of the yr ■ men of the city. Tlie lower flat is occupied by the .in.i of Montreal at a rent of $1,600, and the other portions contain a large reading room, library, class room, pariour, dining and bath rooms, with a large hall on the third or fourth story. The cost of the building and ground exceeds tiiirty-five thousand dollars, much of wiiich lias been contributed by tlie mer- chants of the city, and will long remain a monument of the public spirit of the donors, foremost among whom may be named John S. Maclean, Esq., tlie piesident of the Association. During the year 1872 a handsome Fire Kngine house with tower and bell at the west end of Gerrish street, on Maynard street, was built. This building is intended for an Engine house and Police Station for tlie north end of the city ; and being on a commanding position presents a fine aspect from many parts of the city as well as Dart- mouth, where it is seen to great advantage. Nor can we close tliis notice of the city improvements without a rcforance to the Park, formally opened on the 23rd July, 1873, for the benefit of the citizens. It is situated on the south point of the Peninsula of Halifax, in what was known as the Tower woods. By the ser. pentine road several miles of a handsome carriage road lias been obtained, from many parts of which some of tho finest scenery in the dominion may be seen. It com- 160 mands fine views of the Atlantic Ocean, the North West Ann, McNab and George's Islands, and the rugged and picturesque, as to be seen at Ferguson's Cove, York Re- doubt, &c., Ac. The fiiinucial condition of the corporation miiy bo sum- med up as follows, lieingthe exact condition of tlie debt of the city (May, 1S7-'), bearing interest at '», Oj, 5.^, and <) per cent, paid lialf yeariy. 1. Cilv which incliMlon old Street Loan, City prison, IIo3|iilttl IliiilJinjja Murkct.Slip, .Siil(>\v»ll(», l.oclimaii, Principal interest Btrcel, *c, Ac, DcbeiMiirea 5 per cent $:)(;,">,(l(in.00 $21,043.4:1 2. W»ter Works ilo liearing 5 per cent 6BU,(i,')3.33 39,769 90 3. School Jo (nil bearinis interests al per cent)... 110,995,00 7,019.70 The city assessment for 1873 was 8191,274.47. Since 1872 very little has been added to tlie funded debt of the city. In 1873 the City Fire Alarm, cost SSOOO, which wassecured on debentures at six per cent, and a similar sum for the extension of Queen street, in 1S74. Hut at present there are considerable improve- ments in progress which must cost the city large sums, — to purchase back the Leasehold rights of the Horti- cultural Gardens for $18,000, beingeight acres of ground which will, when completed, make the Gardens of the city of Halifax very valuable. Several very important commercial changes have taken |)lace during the past few years, from which great good is anticipated. Among these may be mentioned the ojiening of our coast fisheries to the American fishe'- mcn, and the cloning of the / mericau fish market i ^ our merchants, wliicli went into operation on the 1st July, 1872. The other commercial regulation, which promises much for the prosperity ofthe city, is the alter- ation of the Interest Laws ofthe Province by which a higher rate of interest then 6 per cent, is allowed to be charged by private individuals as well as banks, and the rate of interest on mortagages fixed at 7 per cent, by agreement- All descriptions of bank stocks, excepting Liverpool banks, sell considerably above par, but at a rate that yields a dividend that will amount to six per cent, per annum. The only Local Bank which declared ton per cent, dividend upon its capital, is the Union Bank of Halifax the expectationsare strong that others will follow. Provincial and Ciiy debentures bearing G per cent, have ready suloat a small premium but sometimes the premium goes as high as 6 ami Gper cent. The usual rate o'' discount at banks is from 8 to 10 per cent. The Banks allow four per cr t. on deposit receipts but for special deposits for large sums, r^id subject to certain conditions, fivo per •ent. is ; '';. ,ved. Fifteen millions of dollc i. is th •, amouut used in the banking operations of the city, rr,nti Ibuted by the five local and two other chartered banks. To which add the HuiiiH contributed by the private b.aiker. Deposits at four and five per cent, interest, in those lofcal banks footed up to S2,3(iO,.5I.5 about the close of the year 1873. The facilities forinvestments have increased during the past few years, but more especially since the opening of Manufacturer of .1 MACHINERY, Specially adapted for the use of Stock Raisers. DAVID MAXWELL PARIS. ONTARIO. 161 I ^ '^ •1 ! , 1' I ii: /~<, i.* Mcpherson, : • isaow & co. Messrs. McPhersoii, Olaugow .^- Co., founders and nia- nufiictiirers, liiive be.Mi PKtiiblishpd Jnco 1848, and their tlireshing nmchiiira and portable engines have gnint-a great reicbrity thoiiglioiit the Dominion. Tjje firm mis two large establishments, one at Fingal, Ont., and the other at Clinton, The factory at Fingal is a frame building, two stories high, and occupies a large space oi grounil, giving employment to about fifty men. In the front is the finishing shop, forty feet squari", and also the office ; in the rear is the engine room, where^i twen- ty horse powei engine is used. The wood shop is two stories high, forty feet by fifty. The wagon shop, where all the trucks, ^•<;., are built, is forty feet squire, and the two storerooms are respectively eighty feet bv forty- two, and thirty feet by sixty I'I.m ewtablishuient at Clinton is of about the same extcn: ts tin: f. leiu Fingal, and turns out equally good work. the Stock Exchange or Board of BroivPi? >; J ;,'uary, 3,S74. The members of this institution n^ et 'hroe times a week, and all transactions in stock-: are either consunmiated or reported there and hence the real values of all respect- able stocks are at once made \nown to (he public; and .:s the prices are by per cn.t. instead of i!ie old method of so Jiiuch per share the relative values can at once be nscf .'iiincd and compared. DLWDAS, An incorporated town in Wentworth Co., Ont., at the head of Burlington Bay, formed at the western extremity of Lake Ontario, and on the G. W. J{., r, miles W. of Hamilton. It has agency of several insurance compa- nies, an .agency of tiie Canadian Bank of Commerce, a printing office, issuing a weekly newspaper, 2 telegraph agencies, about 40 stores, hotels, and churches for the Episcopalians, Roman Catholics, Wesleyan Methodists, and Presbyterian'. It possesses unlimited water power,' and has manufactories of Iron castings, machinery of every description, edge tools, combs, paper, soap and candles, leather, woollen and cotton goods, wooden ware, &c. The Desjardins canal gives it water communica- tion with Hamilton and other ports. BRANTFORD, A commercial town and capital of the Co. of ,r. tford Ont.,a4milesS.W.ofIIamilton,is8ituatedonG : iver' which is navigable to within Sj miles of ti^e ..vu, for which distance a camil has been opened, afTording unin- terrupted water communication with Lake Erie. It is an important station on the Buffalo and Ooderich branch of the O.T.R. A branch of the O.W.R. connects the town with the main line at Ilarrisbnrg, nnd i; railway J-'J niil.s long is projected, which will con chi.roh^'R of 1<^ deno- minations, 2 j>rinting .offices, h:H-\ whi.-!. 2 daily and S weekly newspapers arc issued, 2 t engine house an(' round : .mse,br.!;ofwhitebrich. Anvnig th:' :naiuifacturr,. /the iown :T>aj hv mentioned In-asa .md iron castings, tin and jupanund 'vare, in^hvf aid blinr!^, engines and millmachi„.Ty, ;,,.-icultui..! uipleiiicnts, and stoneware produced nowiier. f !se ir, tlu {.lovince. The Braiitford machine works and the Victoria foundry each employ over 100 men. The streets of Brantford are lighted with gas. The town derives its name from Brant, the great Indian chief, who irrendered the present plot to the Government in isyo. Brantford is a port of entry. ST. THOMAfs WEST, An incoi-porated town of Ontario capital of the County of Elgin, on Kettle Creek, and on the Great Western, Canada Southern, St. Clair Branch, and London and Port Stanley railways, 1.5 miles from London, 9 miles from Port Stanley, It contains churches of fi denominations, (Episcopal, Roman Catholic, Baptist, 2 Methodist, Bible Christian, and Presl)yterian,) 2 branch banks, 2 telegraph offices, 2 newspaper offices, about 100 stores and 30 hotels, o saw mills, 2 grist mills, 2 large foundries, .3 tanneries, 1 block and tackle factory, I car wheel foundry, Canada Southern car shops. Air Line work ghops, and a large number of factories of various kinds. The public buildings are the town hall and market, court house, and music hall. Four railways run into the town. The station of the Canada Southern is one of the finest m Canada. It contains all the head offices of the company. The car shops of this company, in which about ijOO men are employed, are also splendid buildings. The town has advanced very rapidly dm-ing the past four years on account of the railways running through it. Another railway, the Credit Valley, runrhifr from St Thomas to Toronto, is under construction. re is a custom house officer and an American consul ' IK<. 'tRSuLL, An incorporated town in ^>^;•>rd County, Ont., on the River Thames and on th«! (r ^* f.: , 19 miles N.N.E. of 162 Hierich branch coiiiiMtarlo, Co. of (Jrenville, on the River .St, Lawrence, at the H. ter- minus of i>f. L. & O. R., and on the U.T.H., 114 miles W. of Montreal, 54 miles S. of Ottawa. It has 1 branch bunk, a telegraph offices, 4 churches, about 5" Antes, ii iron foundries, 3 breweries and 1 distillery. A juifwr is published here. Fort Wellington is near I'rescott. A short distance below the town is Windmill Point, where stand the ruins of an old stone v, Imill in -.I)' in 18;n, a number of " Patriots " established themselves but were driven out with severe loss. The town of Ogdensburg lies immediately opposite Prescott. PARIS, An incorporated town or Ontario, Co., of Hr.'it, on Grand River, at the intersectio i of the Great V .stern and (IJuflido and Goderich biauch) Grand Trunk rail- ways, 29 miles AV. of Hamilton. (Smith's Creek, which here enters (^rai, River, divides Paris into two parts, called the upper and lower villages. Here are agencie> of several insurunce companies, cliurches, a branch bank, 2 telegraph officrs, 2 newsp.iper otlices, 7 hotels, about 40 stores, and manufactories of woollen goods, iron castings, machinery, leather, flour and tobacco. The town alio containi an oil relinery, pottery, knitting mills, plaster mills, A.. There are exten»ive beds of gypsum in the vicinity. Paris is a port of entry. TIIK INTkRNATIONAL KXHIBITIUN AT PltlLADKLPlllA The groat rntcmalional Kxbibition now opened at Philadelphia is one of the most ini|>ortant of those gatlieriiigfi ewer held. Just a (|uarter ofa century has ehipwd ■in,, "• ♦ Qr^at Kxbibition— that of 1801 : ail,! ,.,t (II the priu< ifial «• .fes ol (he world have since f«>llowed the example then set by Knglaiid. Amercu held its (list Internal loiial Exhibition at New York, in l">-i:J: and tliat of IS70, gathered at Philadelphia, is di'sigiied to eommemoratu the centenary of the inde- pondenco of the Ijiited States, the celebrated " Declara- tion of Independei ." having been adopted on the 4th ot July, 177C.. The Exhibition of 1870 is liehl in (he gioimds of the Fairnioiint Park, overlooking the city of Philadelphia. The buildings are as follows:— 1. The liidnstrial Hall, ai'oa acres. 2. The Art (lalli'ry, 2 acres, •'t. Ma liinery Hall, 14 acres. 4. Agiiiiiltiiral Hull, 10 acres: anil ■0. Horticiiliural Hall, i'O ' acres. The five bnildings thus covcran area of over 48 (48.04) iicres. The upper tlooringg in projections and towers of Industrial Hall increase the area sliglitly,but not as nuaii as un acre in all. There are liberal spaces between the several hulls, the largest h,-!,\g that between the Indus- rial Hall, wliichisthe nia.i, Imilding, and the Art Gal- lei— ,-300 (eet. The main hall i- in th« lorm of a paruUelocrani, extc ding east and west 1,880 feet in length, II id north and south 4t>4 feet in width. The best view ij. •nided in a niwer in the centre ofthishallof 181 feci a»)uare, upon whirli rise four turrets of 48 feet sipiare, the highest point lieiiig 120 feet. North of this main hall, and connected with it by a passjige-way, is the Art '^S.dlery, A-hich ; the architectural triumph of the who and is to remain as a permanent establish- ment. Thi style, ,s modem rena ■,,.»€€, the materials used being III' ^nher firepioof— grunite, 'ion, and glass. The m^hi!' ry and agn ultural halls are on the west of t!i 'in bn- !)g. The supports in general are wrouijlit- hi and the roofs are he wrought-iron roof s ill .--ral use for depots a. I warehon 'eg, rotisist- f strsigh; rafters with struts ai, ! tio-bars. The total has been estimated at eight ,on of dollors. The amount of space set apart loi the .^eral foreign nations is as follow*, giving tho highest first :— (iieut Britain and Colonies 46,748 square feet. France and Colonies 27,264 " German Empire 27,264 " Austria : ...,...2a,y88 " III ti ii. CO ( c. 100 W. McCLUNG, 'AOTXJHEII1. CARRIAGES 9 OF A.LL JCIJSTDS cuims Am ttiiMjiiffi&si. E itiu ifm "^HB^t MMIN Mil>Of(ai-I. A .H«»K8. It iM not i>rti'M III rill- (liNtiii;^ of 'inniniructiiftiig iiiiliia- tiit'H, on \\t\H coiitii.nt.dmt OIK' i-iiii loiik Imck (onii'iirly u I't'iitiii^ nnil n linlljn tlic tuuiiiliition ul it liirtury ; tiiiil till' ^I'l'iit I'liuiigi's wliloli liiivc tuki-li |ilii('i' in thiit tiriif both in CiiMMilit mill tlic I'liitnl .Stiiti"< iiiiiki'ii oric .'ilniiiNt WiiMiliM' tliiit nny iiiliiiit iruluHtry ciiiiiil lmv« u iistiioJ nil the "•'IllillUi'ri mill rlimii'i'n" of Nil inlli; a |ii'IumI. Tb« .St. Mmiiu'i' rmgrN, liitiiiilril in Sl.Mui)rii:e County, '^nchi'r, wi'i'i' I'stiililislu'il ill 17:i»* miil liuvo alwuyn ii'iiiiiiiii'it ill oii«' fmiiily, lioiiig now niiiirr tliu niaiiii^o- nii'iif of MoKHiM. Joliii M('I>oiii(nll iV Sons, iliwpciiilunts of till' (iiiiiiilrr ol tlif rstiiliiiMJinn'iil Tlir 8t, Maiirii'i' ForgfH turn iiiit iilioiit iiiii' llioiiNaiiil i hi ut cliarcoul pit; iron, iiiaili' friiiii line Ih>u i>i'i> ; anil tlic »ii|>|ily not bciiiit mil- lirii'iit ni'W lord's \vi>ri' CKtab'.i»lii'il in !>'•';■' at L'l.ilet, two niiii'H from St. Mstirici'^ witlt 4 cu}HU!ity of twelve liiiiiilri'il tons. The iron of tlii'si' foiiiulrics liim for iininy yrnm bren iikciI I'vchisivrly Cor tlic iiianiiliictiiro ol air- wlipi'ls III Moiitir;il tiir till' (Jraiicl 'rniiik UalKviiy, ami in iiIno L'xtoniivi'ly nsiul in the coiiHtriictiiin ot rnr-wlu'cLi for otlior railwayn. Attaclicil to tliti St. Miniriro Forgi's thoii' jjilStlitan inip fiietbi'y, with a caimclty of\iirniiij; •^iit ab«ttt '{fii'i'p thouMUiil bo.\c9 prr oninini. Tin- pig 1^1)11 niminliwtiiieil by Messrs. John MvDoiigall A tioiis, ii jiistrj" I'sii'eiiied n« being ol' as fitip ipiality as nny made in the Iiuniinion, ami their axon are niirlvalleJ. The office of the (inn is at Throe Kivers, Province of l^iieber, where orilers are promptly attended to. lirazil 17,o:.'0 hi|iiare foul. Spain mill Colonies \-'>/>!i'J- ' " Algciitiiii' Republic If)/y22 " Italy ll,rir,l " Me.\ico lljiKVl " I'erii 1 1,(1(14 " Russia lOjOU " .Sweden mid Norway 1 0,01 J " Turkey 7,77(i " I'lilteil States of Columbia 7,77(1 " CliiiiM 7,:>i)(l " .lapan 7,i.>!)0 " .Ssvitzerlaiid t>,lfifl " (iiiateniala .". 5,.508 " Veiie/iiela "),'j0S " Nicaiagiia 4, -53(1 " .San .Salvador 4,''):i(l " .Siam ;(,94G " Ecuador 3,SS8 " Hoiiiluias 3,888 " 'Sand. .bliilundH (Uuii .... 3,888 " * fibori,-. '': L>,20S " The spnce allowed fur (he Aineriemi SliiteM in rj.t,l(lO Mi|nure ft(tioii of their goods, as well as fur their siititty (luring the Exliibitiuii. -The aalieiit [loiiits of the gni.iiil legidiitions all'ecting foreign oxtiibitom, ami the special legnliitioiis governing the fr^'e iiiiportiitiuns of exhibits, as deteniilned by the Ceiitt'iiniul ' 'i.nimls»ion, are as follows: — I'liKi'ii'Ai. caMiiTiiiaii 1. The Exhibition opened at I'hilndelphia on the 10th of May, and will close on the Kith of November, 1^7(1. 2. Urfore the 1st of May, 1S7.'), the Ilritlsh Executive was to state win tlier the space alloted were siitlicient or deficient nnd should therefore have received the demands from propoiting exhibitors before the •-'•'•th of April, 1870 :|. Hefore the Isl of December, 1S7.''). the Executive jiiiist MiiiJ ill p' itK ill delall showing IihIIvIJiiiJ lUlot- iiieiitl, with all I'atulogiie lidiirmiilion. I. Tliern will be noehari;e fur space. ■>. Nocliarge will be mode for u limited quiintlly of stmiu and water power. The ipMiillty to be arranged at the time of tlie allotment of space, and any excess of power to be applied for at the same time, and to bo furnished by the Centennial Commission at a fixed rate. (>. (foods for exhibition to bo considered as bonded and exempt from CiistoniH duties. 7. The iisuhI nnxious mid explosive substances are prohibited- 8. Exhibitors or their agents are responsilde for the packing, forwarding, receiving, and unpacking of their goods, at both the opening and closi' of the Exhibition The owner, agent, or consignee must be present to receive goods. 9. Reception of exhiiiits will conimeiice on tlip \»t of .Imninry. 1>7(1, and 110 article vvill 1h' admitted aftei^lie :ilst of Marcli, T<7il. V ' 10. Tlie instiiHution of ln*vy ol)j«i;t,8 rMpiiriii^ spo^iul foundations or ndjnstinent should, by special arrange- ment, begin as soon as the progress of the works will permit. II. .Space assigned and iiol occupied on the 1st of April, 1>570, will revert to the Direetor-dcneriil for re<|saignmont. 13. All goods must, under penulties, be removed before the 3 1st of Decemlicr, 1'<7(1. 1;i. The objects exhibited will be protected against piracy of inventions or designs. .Sketches, drawings, photographs, or other reproductions of articles exhibited will only be nllov upon the joint a.s.scnt of the exhibit- or and nirector-tjiiierid. 14. The Centennial Commission Will take precantions 168 JOHN nicBOUGALL & SONS raANVFACTURERS OF AXES, &c.. AT Till.; St. Maurice and L'Islet Forces, OPFIOE AT THBBB BIVBBS, P.Q. Sf r:^,^,.. x.x«ri^s^^:* ^''''*^ MaKers of Circular Saw Rigs, Saw Carriages &c SHI Ncir- :;■"•""■■■'■"" - - - - ." .. — ,. „. ... ., „.l„; ^^-ZM^^<5 liic Arts. 10. Objects illustrating Efforts for the Improvement of the Physical, Intellectual, and Moral Condition of Man. The Catalogue will fie |)iiblished in four languages — namely, English, French, German, and Spanish. The system of awards has been made the subjects of careful study, and, after considering all the plans here- tofore adopted, a new and ditfereMt one has been selected. The awards at Philadelphia are to be based upon written reports attested by the signatures of their authors. Two hundred judges are appointed to make thes' .eports, one half being citizens of the United States, and the other half foreigners They are selected for their known ouolifications and character, and will be experts in de- partments to which they are respectively assigned. The foreign judges are appointed by the Commission of each country, and in conformity with the idlotment to each of space in the Exhibition. The United States' jndgesareappointed by the Centennial Commission. Two hundred thousand dollars are paid to these judges, each being given S 1,000 for personal expenses. The reports and awards are to be based upon merit, and the elements of merit are declared by the authorities to include con- siderations relating to originality, invenHon, discovery, utility, quality, skill, workmanship, fitness for the pur- poses intended, adaptation to public wants, economy, und cost. Each report, as soon as completed, is to be delivered to the Centennial Commission for final award and publication. The awards, which will be finally decreed by the Commission, in compliance with the Act of Congress, will consist of a diploma with a uniform bronze medal, and a special report of the judges on the subjects of the award. Each exhibitor will have the right to reproduce and publish the report awarded to him, , 'though the Commission reserves the right to pub- lish and dispose of all report^ in the manner it thinks best for public informatioti, and also to embody and dis- tribute the reports as records of the Exhibition. A sericg of very fine medals has been prepared at the Mint of the United States, under authority of the Govermnent, to be issued as mementoes of the Exhibition. Their devices are appropriate, the obverse representing 177fi„ attd the £ 170 iigcd unde'^ leiits : — ind Aaimul. >od or ill tilt) g processt.'s. , Costumes, uie in Cull- s and Diffu- ire, &c. luprovetnent I!oiidition of languages — lisli. ! subjects of : plans liere- 'uii selected, jpon written tliors. Two .eports, one id the other heir known perts ill de- ly assigned, pinmission of (illotment to litcd States' ssioii. Two judges, each The reports he elements include con- , discovery, for the pur- I, economy, ed, is to be filial award ■ be finally 'ith the Act a uniform dges on the II have the awarded to gilt to pub- er it thinks >dy and dis- 1. A series Mint of the mciit, to be eir devices ra, attd the Bed Room Suites, Dining Room Fumitm^ ^' '' ^ &c., &c., in great variety. House Furnishings, including Carpets, , Curtains. Cornices, &c. HoUU and Private Hemla^ces FunMed throughout at Special Hates. The Qeorg'e Momhe^d Haaiifactemg Gampauj, No. 184 TO 198 KING STREET, f^n 4r~fc», --I _ I P' i rcvcrso lS7ti. The meckl of award will also be struck at the Mint, but its design has not yet bcfu finally selected. The adniissiiinfeetothc Exhibition isMiiiforni from the opening to I he close at the fixed prict' of -5()c. for each single admission. This fee will ailinit to everything and there will he no season oj eoninnitation ticki'ts issued. The rate is fixed at the lowest j)rice consistent with making the Exiiihition self maintaining. The estimate is that during the period of the Exhibition there will bi," at [east 10,000,000 admissions, and the authorities have perfected plans for receiving, aceouunodatinj;, and taking care of the visitors. The estimated daily average of visitors is set down at o0,00l) and on some days many more. It has been proposed, in comn-ctiun with the Exhibi- tion, to hold a series of international and intercollegiate boat-races on the Schuylkill river. Mr. Ferguson, Com- modore of the Schuylkill Navy, has visited most of the rowing associations in the principle cities of England and France, and has found a general willingness to take part in the competition. The Schuylkill Navy have arranged the (bllovviug programme — the races to take place as follows : — " First — Grind iutcrnatioual race for four-oared shells, for the cliiimpionship of the world, to he t<)llowed by races in pair-oared and single shells, imder the same con- dition. " Second— (irand Contest of the American college clubs for the intercollegiate championship of the United States. " Third — Grind international collegiate contest be- tween American ami foreign universities for the umatonr collegiate championship of the world. " Fourth— Grand natiomd contest by the members of the National Amateur Asljfciation of the United States. '' Fifth — Contest* in boats of every character, to be participated in Viy the professionol oarsmen of America. " Sixtti — Contests in boats of every character, to be participated in by the professional oarsmen of the world. PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATHS. NAME. St»t«. Georjfe Washington.. Virginia.,... John Adams Massachii«elt«., Tltornas Jefferson \"irgitii» Janieft Madison Virijinia James Munro \'irginia John tiuinoT Adams.. Massachnsells.. Andrew Jarkson Tennessee ,, Martin Van Biiren... .Vew Vork William H, Harrison. Ohio, TuH or Sranci, John Tyler Virfjinin James Knox Polk,, .,' Tennessee Zacharj Taylor I.onisiana Millard Fillmore , New York Franklin Pierce I New Hampshire James Buchanan ; Pennsylvania Ahrabain Ijincoln ! Illinois Andrew Johnson I Tennessee Ulysses S, Oram i Illinois :78()-1707 1797-1801 ISOl-lROn 1809-1817 1817-lfla-. \m!,-ma 18:'9-I837 ISill-lfll 1841-1841 1841 1845 1S4,S-1R)9 1849 -ISM IS.'iO-lS.VI 18.W 1857 1S,'>7 ISfil 18(!W18(i.'i 1865-1869 1869-1877 BORX 17,12 1 7,1,') 174,1 17,')1 nra 1767 1767 1783 1773 1790 mr} 1784 18(10 18U4 1791 1809 I8U8 ism OlCD, 1799 1826 ISL'a 18:i7 18.11 1848 IMS 1862 1841 1862 1849 l.S,'>0 18H9 18(18 IHB,^ 1S7,-| LUMBERING ON THE OTTAWA. A short preliminary description of the course of the noble river which gives its nanie to the principal lumber- ing region of Canada will not, \ve hope, b.i miiuleresting to the general readers of this work. Although few I advtMitiirous tourists have traced the Ottawa to it,s source, I amidst the forest siditiides of t!i.! fiir northern wilds, from' all such travellers w.; hear glowing accounts of the magniflccnce ot the suiToiinding sceiierv, and the vastness of the dense, primeval forest whit'h clothe its banks. The Indians in their liarinonionslangnag<>, named this beautiful stream, the Kitche-.sippi or Great River, and when we contemplate the mighty cataracts, ,md' sleeping lakes, the foaining torrents and furious rapids, the gigantic dills and monster boiihlers which distinguish its rapid journey towards the sea, we cannot but be struck with til.! appropriateness of such an appellation. The other name, Ottawa, is al.so Indian in its origin, and is pnmounced Ot-taw-wtigh ; the word signifies, the " human ear '' but in what consists its appro|uiiitene.ss as a].plied to either river or city, is a mystery which has never yet been ,s(dved. Probably some mighty chief, of the ancient tribe of Indians who dwelt in this region, was so named as a compliment to his exctdh'iit oral"piii- lilicatioiis and be.iueathed his name, not only to his des- (:en(lants, but also to the riv>er in whose waters they fished, and upon whose banks they raised their wigwams. This tribe, the Ottawas, were driven from their hunting and fishing grounds in the Ottawa valley by another tribe, the Iro(]Uois, and retired to the district bordering on Lake Huron, and to this day a few descendants of the once numerous and powerful tribe, are still living on Great Manitonlin Island. The valley of the Ottawa, (. e., that portion of country which is drained by the Grand River and its tributaries contains an area of about 80,000 stpiare miles, most of it good land, capable ol improve- ment when brought uiid.M cnltivatitm, and inoducing in its wild state .some of the finest and most valuable timber in the world. Although this region furnishes so large a portion of our Export trade and contains some of the grandest and most picturesque scenery on this continent, it is but little known to Canadians, and still less to English peopk', with the exception of iho.w immediately connected with the lumber business. Few, save the hardy raftsman, steering the fallen kings of the forest to the distant markets of the old world, and the adventurous trappers in search of precious fur-bearing animals, have ever seen the full magnificence of Nature's charms in this untrodden region. This beautiful river then, whose course to the sea, or rather to its confluence with the St. Lawrence, we wish to describe to an indulgent leather, is called indifTereiitly either the Ottawa or the Grand River, and is supposed to take its rise in some lake or lakes,' situated about the forty-ninth degn!e of North Latitude, and seventy-sixth of West Longitude. During the first three hundred miles of its course it receives many tributaries and expands into large lakes only two of I 172 NEW BRUNSWICK FILE WORKS li I !! 11 ill i'l ALL KINDS OF FILES and RASPS EE-OUT TO ORDEE. E. C. SPINLOW, 138 Union Street, ST. JOHN, N. B. '!;;' 178 THOMAS NOUTHEY. The mttdiinc work* of Mr. Tliomas Nortliey arc sitnntBd at thp corner of Wellington and King William Streets, Hamilton, Out. Tliey were e.sta!)liHiied in 1S48, and Mr. Nortliey, elainis the honour of turning out the first steam engine inttnufactured Id the Province of Ontario. NeMily every kind of engines, boilers, pumps, &e., are niannCactured by Mr. Nortliey, and he deserves great credit for the excellent work he turns out. 'i'he factory is built of stone, two storeys high, and occujues eighty feet by thirty on Wellington street and one hundred and twelve feet by forty on King William street, giving employment to about forty hands. Tiie engines and boilers are sold throughout the Dominion. which, however, have been surveyed, (■ailed respectively, the Grand Lake, and the Lake of Fifteen-portages; the forest solitudes whicli border on its banks, have been rarely invaded save by Indian hunters and a few wander- ing trappers belonging to the niulson Hay Coinimny, and are nninhabiteil save by deer and other wild animals. If Indian tradition may bo credited, one of the minuMous lakes into which tlie Ottawa e.vpandsin this wild region, is nearly i-qiial in size to Lake Huron, but its waters liave never been navigated by white men. About three bundled miles from its source (he Ottawa becomes better known to ns, having been explored so far by Government surveyors and here it cxjiands into a long and narrow lake bearing the Indian appellation of Teiuiscamiugue. This lake presents more than one hundred and twenty miles of unbroken navigation and receives the drainage of a region containing an area of upwards of ;i(l,000 sipuire miles. Amongst the chief rivers which flow into this great basin, may be mentioned the Blanche which enters the lake at its northern extremity, being navigable for morethan sixty miles beyond, and draining a level country with very gooi' land ; tlie Nippawa which ''ows from a large lake to the eastward ; the Montreal and the Otter- tail which flow from a north-westerly direction and com- niunicute also with Lake Temiscamingue which in its turn is united toLakeXipissirig liy Sturgeon River; imd the Qiiu^i: wliirh sweeps from the northewt where its tributariw intermingle with those of the St, Maurice and the Sagucnay. The scenery on the shores of this great lake is exceedingly varied, in some places the country being level as far as the eye can reach and well suited to agricultural [lurposes, whilst in other parts it is nigged andbanen, rising abnij>tly from the water in vast granitic cliffs. Th(! region around Lake Temiscamingue, and on the borders of the numerous rivers which How into it on either side, abounds in the red and white pine timber so valuable to the lumbermen, many of whom have already established thems»;lves here, and as their numbers increase, when the beijt lumber has been removed from the country lower down, it is probable that the agricultural districts situated at the upper and lower ends of the Lake, will bo brought under cultivation to supply them with the necegfiaries of life. Settlers and colonixation invariably follow in the wake of the lumbermen, who may indeed be styled the pioneers of civilization and development. We must not forget to nuike particular mention of the Itiver Keepawa which here Hows into the Ottawa on its lowershore; it proceedsfronialargelakeof thesamename, is remarkably deep and over tlirce hundred feet wide, and empties itself into the Ottawa over a series of cascades ] H) feet in h.^ight, but so noiselessly that at the distance of half a mile from its mouth, notiiing is heard of the roar which might have been expected from the fall of so large a body of water. Alter leaving Lake Temiscamin- gue wo descend the Long Sault Rapid, which is about six miles in length with a fall of forty-eight feet, and enter another beautiful expansion of the Ottawa called the Seven League Lake, into which the small river Antony empties itself on the soutli side. This lake is a' nut seventeen miles long, and is followed by two formidable rapids c;alled respectively, Les Montagues, and Les Era- bles. immediately below the last named rapid the Ottawa receives on it-* north shore the waters of the river Not- tawissi which poms itself over a fall fifty feet in height, with a I")*! lit' water nearly equal to that which forms the famous Moiitniownci l'"alls below Qneljec. After passing another raaid called the Cave or Cellar, the Ottawa receives t.li?- river Mattawan which has a course of about forty miles tioni a westerly direction, and is divided by only a sliort portage of three fourths of a mile from Lak(( Nipissing. The voyagenrs and trappers of the HiidsDn's B,ty Company made use of this route to the far West, ascending the Mattawan to its source, thence by portage to I^ake Nipissing, crossing which they entered French River, which after a course of fifty five miles dropped them into Lake Huron ; the distance of this route between the Ottawa and Lake Huron being about IsiO miles. lielow the mouth of the Mattawan the Ottawa Hows in a narrow and rocky bed with strong currents and frequent rapuls and falls ; the most remark- able of these is called the Roclier Capitaine, where the River descends over three distinct falls; the central rock is forty feH in height and the velocity of the current, impetuously hounding over the dark masses of rugged rocks which iuipcde its jtrogress, renders the scene strik- iugh' grimd and picturwkpie; Below theRocherCapitahie falls, the t)ttawa receives two tributaries on its northern, and two on its southern shore, of which the River Du Moiiie on the north is the largest and most important, and we then anive at the tremendous rapids les Deux Joachins, The»e rapids have a descent of about twenty feet and have been made navigable (or timber by exten- sive xlides ami dams erected by the Government at very considerable expense. Close beside these rapids on a point; which projects into the river and commands one of the tiiiest river views in Canada is situated a most comfortable Hotel; and here the first sign of aj)proach- ing civilization is found in u regular distribution of the J 174 3111 with tlie )n invariably may indeed Jevelopmciit. ■iitioii of tlie Jttttwa on its e same name, ?ot wide, and J of cascades the diitftnce leurd of the tlie fall of so Temiscamin- I is about six et, and enter a called the river Antony ike is «' lint lonnidiible nd Les Era- d the Ottawa e river Not- !et in height, wliicli forins ebec. After Cellar, the has a course ction, and is rths of a mile trappers of tliis route to 1 its source, jssing which ourse of fifty le distance of iuron being ilaltawan the with strong nost remark- p, where the central rock the current, ;s of rugged I scene strik- ler Capit»ine its northern, B River Du t important, ds les Deux l>out twenty L>r by cxten- lent at very rapids on n Timands one ted a most if approach- tion of the NORTHEY'S Steam Enmne Works 7 COR. WELLINGTON & KING WILLIAM STS., T. NORTHEY, MANUFACTURER OP BOILE steam Pumps, Boiler Feedara. ^r. Sr '» ■HiMiii mm NAPANEE PAPER M1LL3. This Company was ostablished in 1873. The olUccg nro situated in the town of Napanee, Out., and are built of brick, very neatly ananged. The Company's mills are situated nt Napanee Mills, Ont., about two miles from the town of Napanee. The mill buildings are of stone, two and three storeys in height, one 104 x 64, ono 100 x 60, one 136 x 38, in all, mills, yards, and storehouses cover fifteen acres, turning out over fifteen tons of paper a woeit This Company makes printing, manilla, and book paper a specialty, using seventy horse steam power and fifty horso water po ,ver, employing fifty hands. Alex- ander Smith, Esq., President; John R. Scott, Miinagiiig Director J W, F. Hall, Business Manager. mails. Tiio river below the rapids is about a mile in width, nnd runs so perfectly straight tiiat ii tiall projected witli sufficient force would follow the water tor a distance of twenty-five miles. This splendid reach of tiie Ottawa is called Deep River, because rafts with 100 fathoms <.)f cliain, have been unable to find anchorage in it, and mujrsi resembles the Saguenay in its scenery. The southcmi shore has high, but sloping and well wooded oanks, wliili! on the northern a bold and lofty mountain cliain rises (iiio to SOO feet above the water ; one remarkable rock called the Oiseaux, towers bare and perpendicular to .i lieiuin of nearly eight hundred feet and gives back a magniliceni. echo to the lively boat song of the Canndiiiii roijofletir. The topmost peak of this rock is called by the In hn. juHt Im.oi. I.iiilt ,-«i,l iH a (,„,, thn'o Htniv Mono I.MiKliim, fr-.i.ling |i)(l hotou IJosfoii 8tr llHiiMlloii, b),.,xty fo.t .I.-.-1., ..inploviMR l:i Imii.k Mr' OKborm, Iihr HparnI no ..xpciig,. in n.akiiiK (his „m. „( thi'lMOgt HhlmlHi.tial lii,il,li„«N «(■ It,,, kind in Ontario, nn.l lio|..'H by siict aiionlioii to bu»i,w>t» to iirtU « «linro of jmblic patruiiugv. lIowH into 11 aft.Tii .■ouiH,. o| „n.- Iiim.lrc.l ami tinrlv ""•''"• ■^'''''" lillitiOttima Ibiiimtl,,. i,laiMhi,«ni wb.fb Htiin.lHtli.. rity ..fMontr..Hlaml tlit- rnHl. ami vol.,„u. ol itH waters is m givat lliut itdriv.iH its larger hut .,i...t..r HiHtiT thi) St. Lawrt-mv, ooni|.I..tfly iipun the Houth bank, while the .lilK-renee between its plaehl l.lne water uikI the dark and tuilmlent tide o( the Ottawa in riearly diHeernihle. The Island of Monlieal an.l IhI., .!,.«„« divide the month ol the Ottawa into three biuiicheH ; in two of these the eliannel in interrni.ted by rapids,' l.nt by the north branch thu lumber of tho (Jttawa region finds its way to the St. Lawrenee am] finally (inebcc. Th.! watei-8 of this grand river are not merged in those of the St. Lnwreneo until near Uoiit do risle below Montreal Island, one hundred and thirty miles from the city of Ottawa, and about six hundred from its source. From Ottnva ;., Montreal the river with one interruption is navif,- l.s" . ,, itoamers, and the trip, in its varied beauty cf lii,,;, hike and forest scenery, is unrivalled in Cntrnd,. o- xil'i^.is conti- nent. Ill the pas8,ige from OtUw,^ <.» fireiiville, a distance of fifty -eight miles, tho views ai. w,us« belo'iig- iiig to a noble river passing through a richly wooded country, where dense forests, smiling farms, and busy villages succeed one another on its banks ; at (Jreii- yiUe commence tho Longiio Sault Rupi.ls, and tin- interruption of navigation is overcome for the tourist, by a comfortable railroad twelve miles long to Carillon,' where he again embarks and almost immediately glides into the beautiful Lake of two Mountains so famous lor the loveliness of its scenery; then passing the rapids of Ste. Anne by a short canal with one lock lie arrives at Lake St. Louis and the St. Lawrence Kiver, having spent exactly ono day in tho truisit between the two cities. In this short sketch of the course of the Ottawa many of its smaller Iribu- taiies have been omitted, but enough have been men- tioned to show the vast extent of country compre- hended in ttie broad valley of the Ottawa. Tho river as we have shown, like the St. Lawrence, consists of a series of wide expanses or lakes connecti-.l together by rapids of greater or less length, and its j-rominent characteristic is its great volume and the impetuosity of Its course. In ascending it wo meet with every variety of river and lake scenery and the tourist IS never fatigued, for the constant variety makes every view, from rugged grandeur (■ pUoid love- llncM, appear novel and dilightlul. Having given this general view of th,, Ottawa liv.r ard its surround- ing country, wti will strive to bsug b^d'ore our readers an interesting sketch of the coiinH) of a lumber raft, from its fbriiiation until its final depart.ir.. at Quebec for the distant markets of tho Old World. As tho primipal timber prod.i.ii.L' districts of CanaiU ore in the possessimi of (Jo\ iinant, th. first step uf (he inaiiuliMjturer is toobtain what is .ailed a timber herlb or limil. These are wdd by imction to the highest bidder, the price ranging genera from one dol- lar to one dollar an I a lialfper sijiiaru mile. Theoreti- cally the limit is (en miles K.iuare or 100 mile« in eitent but owing (othe topographicij features i.filie country they are of all sizes from -Ji square miles an,' upwards Til" limit holder becomes a yearly teiiai ol the ^ M. O'DONOVAN. Carriagu Matiuractiircr, wn8 PHtabliHiiuil in |sr,<). Tlut factory aiu) ulVicc arc nitiiati'il on Brock street, Whitby, Ontario. The sliow room is froiitieig on Brock strci't, and is built of frninc, thrive storeys in height, 2i> x 100. Tiie first lloor is used for ortio^'s and show room. Here is to be seen all kinds and styles of Ihe linest ('arriaf;es, I'liaetons, Itnggius that can be found in Ihe Dominion, tn the shipping department we noticed Carriages, I'hae- toiis, and Huggius marked ready for shipnieul to Mont- real, Toronto and dilferent other places in the Domininiu The second floor is used as paint shop, trimming shop, .^c. The third Hoor is used as gear shop, stock rodin, itc. The blacksmith shop is in the rear of Ihi! show room and is one story in height, to x 30. The wood shops and lumber sheds are very neatly arranged, two stories in liniglit, S7 X l-'iO. Tlie buildings in all cover about one acre of ground. From twenty-live to thirty men And ein[doy- ment in this enti-rprising estjddishment. article of diet. Perhaps the strong tea counteracts the fat pork, and vice rnsa. The stores of the lnndn.'nnen are nsuully carried up to their forest shanty latu in the autumn, and ull pri-parations are niaile to commence the work of felling the giants of the forest. White pine is generally found on undidating ground, mixed with other timber, and has to be selected with considerable care, — none but a lumberman iieing able to detect sound from unsound trees. Red pine, on the contrary, grows in un- mixed groves, and uinoiig thousanilN of trees there will not be found one diseam-d trunk. Around you stretchei R vo^t sandy plain from which thousands of Ninooth straight trees spring to a height of forty or fifty feet with- out brand, or leaf, then spreading out into the magnifi- cent evergreen foliage, which distinguishes what is com- monly called the Norway pine. In connection with Ihe lumbermen there usually works a cheaper class id' men, who cut roads and haul the levellcdtrees to the sireinn or the main road from the forest. Having worked in the grove of trees all through the winter, at cutting down and then sipiuring the selected trees, the luniber- luen next proceed to draw them to Uw. nearest branch or tributary of the Ottawa, and great activity is dis]ilay- cd in getting ready for the stjirt or drive when the ice breaks up, usually about March or April. If the stream is not large etmugh for crihs, i.e. small rafts, containing about twenty sticks of Bipnire timber fiiRtened between two round logs called floats, it is drifled down separate- ly, the lumbermen keeping up with it either along shore or in canoes, and keeping the stragglers well together with long poles. When the larger stream is reached cribs are formed, the round logs at the sides and heavy transverse pieces on the top keeping the enclowd s(|uare limber from injury, and the stream carrys it down with its gang of men and provisions to the broad bosom e*" the Ottawo. This river from 1 ike Temiscamingue to its mouth, is navigable for cribs and rafts of timber, though it is sometinu-s necessary at rapids or falls where no sliiles are yet constructed, to break up the crib and remake it after the separate sticks have floated over the falls. A boom is usually thrown across the stream below the rapids to prevent the timlier floating down too fiir. In place wlero the width of the river will admit it, many cribs are fiistened togother fonn- ing n raf>, on boaril which with plenty of provisions, sail set and a fair wind, the iMUiberman enjoys sonic rest after his previous toils. W the season has been favourable and he has a prospect of speedy payment for his labour by a good market of bis tindier in Quebec, this part of his journey must be a very pleasant one. The life of a lumberman is full of adventure and peril, but they area hardy, vigorous race, and seem lo enjoy the most robust health and care little for the fatigues they undergo. The trade in f.indter is yearly becoming more extensive and is I nnnally iiu'reasiiig — Ihe bnnbermen are yearly advancing farther and fiirther up Ihe Ottawa and its tributaries, in search of the timber which has grown for centuries to maturity on their banks; and every fStr many of these men .settle on Ihe lands which they have observed in tlniir wanderings, to bo fiivourable for agri- -idtinal purposes. Thus the country of the Upper < >ttawa is becoming rapiilly opened up ll)r settlement and civilization, following the adventurous footsteps of the lumber merchant and his sturdy worknutn. Many improvements have been made of late years by the OovernnienI in the navigation of the Ottawa and its tributaries, by the constrin^tion of slides and booi:i8 to fiicililale lln' passage of timber past the frequent rapids and lidlr .lolIKNALISM, ITS INCKPTION, KISE, AND :'UO()KKS.S. The desire to know what is transpiring around us, to be ac(piainted with Ihe events occurring in our own or other countries, is as natural to man merging into a state of civilization, or oi'tually civilized, as it is for the apple to fidl to the grinind, instead of flying off into illimitable space when the world is upside down, as it would HA. OTIC A. Carriage Builder. BROCK STREET, WHITBY, Ontano. m Manufacturer of IL 198 ;(«■! ! fflMP!? Tlie ohli'st iiowspiiper in tlio world is the Cliiiu'SC olliciiil journal, which is said to have been in cxiHtonro for upwards of 8,000 years ; but this can scnrcely be called a newspaper, in the proper acceptation of the word, as it simply contained the edicts of the Emperor. It is still in existence, aiul is known as the Gmettc of I'ekin. It has changed somewhat in style, and now consist* of twenty or forty small pages, bound in a yellow cover, and contains some items of news and a few ndvertixe- ments ; but is a poor alfair, and is published under tlie direction of the Emperor, so that it does not pretend to that most important characteristic in n newspaper, Independence. This is said to be the only pajier pub- lished in China in the Chinese langiinjie, and it does seem somewhat peculiar that a people who discovered the art of printing, as well from moveable type as from blocks, should have no newspapers and no journalists. Next in chronological order of incipient newspapers woidd come the Acta Dinntium, of tlie Romans, which consisted of accounts of the laws passed, deaths, births, and otlier news of Rome, and were placed in some con- spicuous place for the people to read. To Venice, '•The Queen of tlio Adriatic," at that time the leadinij commercial port of the world, belongs the credit of having the first newspaper. In 1530 it began to be the fimhiou to have written sheets containing military and conunercial news read at the street corners. A charge of one ya-illn, a small coin now out of existence, was luailo and hence orininated the name "Oiizette," which was applied to all early newspapers. The fashion soon spread to France and Enjiland, tlie name Gazette being generally retained. A file of the V'enice Gmittc in manuscript (or 7, inaugurated a new style of newsletter, that of only printing on two pages and leaving the other two blank for the purchaser to write what he pleasediui. The publisher in his amiouncement says: "Kany genlle- tnMi hua a mind to oblige his country friend or correspon- dent with thisaccounf of public all'airs, he can hav«? it for two pence on a sheet of line paper, half of which be- ini( led blank, lit miy thereon write his own aHiiirs, or (he material news of the day.'' Newspapers received a great impetus during the reign of tinecn Anne, in which time 'lie first daily newspaper, Tlir Daily Couranf, iniideita appearance, 17(i:J. It wis in (^ueen Anne's n-ign that the first paper was printed in America, The Xi'it'^ h'llor, published weekly at Ros- ton. This paper adopted the style of the Knglish news letters, aiul was only printed on two paffes, leaving the others bhink. The rage for newspapers rapidly grew, and their nuniber, of course, increased in proportion None of the productions, however, were of much merit, except De Foe's liiriiw (l7ol-i:t) and .Swift's Exnmiiwir (1710). The papi-rs were (re(|ueiitly |>ersonal and scand- aliiiis, and oHen obnoxiniis to tlin government, which tried to su|»press the growing power, but opposition only seemed to give it strength, and although prosecutions were fretpient, the press obstinate'v/ refused to bo killed. At last some one conceived -a of taxing news- p.'ipers — it is not known who originator — and a duty of a half-penny on pa]x>rs ot u half sheet or Iflss, and a penny on such as ranged from half u sheet to a sheet was imposeil in '!•«,• tenth year of Queen Anne's reij,'n, and went into effect !!1th .Inly, 1712. Thefollow- inif bit of sarcasm (rom .Swift's .Toarnnl In Stella, on the subject, is loo good to lose : —"Do you know that f iriib .Street is dead and none last week f No more ghosts or murders now 'or love or money. I plied it close the last fortiii«lit, and published at least 8«'ven papers of my own, besides some of other people's; but now every siiiKle half-shee( pays a half penny to tie Queen . . . Ha\e you seen the red stamp (he papers are marked with t Mrthinks the stampini; is worth a halfpenny.' Despite the tax and the cinistant persecution of the press, newspapers eontimied to increase and also to improve in (|uality. The reign of Cleorgetho Third was specially noticeublu for prt-ss |M (>r ivli wng iHKiifil let'. It Im tlio ■r iliwft (lov- il by till! Mill- ed ill Loniloii, of iiuwnl».'ltor, king tlio olliur liu |ilt>iiw>(lon. Ifuiiy gt'iill)'- orcnnvHiioii- ' I'liii liiivi! it I'of wliiili Im'- owii iirtitirH, or ring Hi(> ffigii \y iiewsimper, 170:). It wiM r wiM priiitpil .Tckly nt Bo!*- KiigliNJi iii'WH ■», loiiving the rn|ii(lly grew, in propnrtinii f iniirh iiifrit, tl'ij K.rmn'nwr ml unr8 hitherto unknown, tbt; penny and halfpenny press. In l^'il the total average cirridation of Uie daily papers printed in Louilon was 77,914 according to the stamp returns, of which the Timeji published 61,648, being nearly double the circidutionofall its contemporaries put together. The eHbrt of twenty years of freedom has been wonderful. The Times no longer heads the list in circulation, the Tehijrajth, Echo and others having more than twice or three times the circulation although the "Thunderer" stills holds its proud position as the leading newspaper in the world. The Times was first published 18th January, 17S6, under the title of The London Universal Register, printed logographically, and was owned by Mr. John Walter, grandfather of the present proprietor. The logographic process was a combination of words instead of letters, and af)«r a trial of over two years was found to be a failure. On January Ist, 1788, the nnmo was changed to the Times. This paper deserves a much more lengthly and elaborate notice than we can give it here, as it is to the pluck, energy and enterprise of Mr. John Walter, son of the/ounder, who succeeded to the paper in 1803, that the press of England is mainly indebted for its free- dom. His long light with, and final victory over, the Pitt Ministry has become a matter of history, and with the 'emovol of supervision of the Post Office and sup- pression of letters, was swept away one of the last great barriers to the progress of the press. The fight was simply this : Mr. Walter refused to support the Pitt Minis- try and exposed some of the actsof Lord Melville ; for this he was punished by having the Customs printing, which he had done for eighteen years, taken from him, all Uov- ernment advertisements were removed from the Times, and letters and papers for that journal were either sup- pressed altogether, or held iu the Post Office until too late forpublication. Walter bore all this patiently, instituted his own couriers, made arrangements for obtaining news through )a« ^'y PORTER & SAVAGE, Double Stretched Cemented Sewed and Rivited M Tmnd Leather Belting, FIRE ENCilNE HOSE, L^ICE LEATHER IN HIDES & STRINGS, HARNESS AND ALL KINDS OF SADDLERT AT ■W-IIOIL.E3SA1L.E3. Ht, '4; is'- V' N- FACTORY AND OFFICE MONTREAL. K^UJSfl) JTOn miCJBJ LIST. 187 I'* PACilKTlK A ItoHKRT, MiiiMidicliirtTHordoom, mimIich, IiIjiiiIh, nn'liitriivi-H, lumw liiiiKli iiKiiililinu'N of all kiii«(i Craifi 8lr«'t'(, laltli- iriaiki-t, factory Is lo VJ IVitliiiiK Klrcct, .M.Hilri'al. TIk'hc arc llic tiiicst llnccNiorv lirick lii.ililiiigs ill Mdiitrcal, wliicli arc a crcilil In llic lirrn. Tlicv dn a InisiiicKH id rrniii sc\ciily-li\c lo a liuii- ilrcd llioiiHaiid didlarN a vcar, ciii|din iii!{ «''vciitv-livc In iMicliiiiidred liaiidK, iifiiii^r liliy liurHv, iitt>niu-|iu\vcr. IViciiilM, and oliMtiiialrly rcl'iiMcd In allow IiIn |ia|icr lo lie controlled In tlovcrnnicnt. At LinI, driven lo dcjiiicra- lioii, lie |iiildislieil tlie wliole diNmacet'iil Ntory ofliiH |ier- Heciilioii, ol llic Idackiiiail lo wliicli lie had been siilijecled 'ly the I'oNt-ullice, ami of llic oIIcin made lo liini hv llic Rlinislry if In- would sii|i|iorl thcni. Auaiii I'lildic ( )|iiiiioii was aioiiscd.andimuiii the jirciM was triiiiii|ilianl, ll was at lliiH lime that llie Tiliifs gitiiied the iiaiiic of "TlicTliniideicr." The first newspaper Htarlcd in Canaifi was the (lii:illr ilf Qiiiliii; which was printed by Ihowii and (iilmoic, St. Louis street, (^nclicc, and the (irst niimbcr ol' which was published on the "Jllh of.lnnc, I7(il. Wc have a fiir similv on the first number, issued as a si>iiriuir]ty the paper on conipleteinu its one liiindredih birtlidav, and wc find it is » foiirpiijic, '.•.\|:t shed, having twocuiiiinns, one Knglish iiiid tlie other French, on eiicli jiagc, and contains just two coliiinns of foreign news and two ndvcrtisenienis uf half k coliiinn each — one from Hie Col- lector of Customs, the other from John liaiid, who seems to have dealt in pvcrythiiii; from cambrics to fryiiiir pans the remainder of the paper beiiiji taken up with a lengthy nildress from the printer. The paper was aftcrivards changed to an English paper and continued its existence up to three years ago, when its publication was stojtped on the death of Mr. Middletoii, one of the jiroprietors. The establishmoiit of a newspaper in Montreal, singular to say, is due to the occupation of the I'ity by the Ameri- can anny during the revolution , and still more singular is the fact that Benjamin Franklin, the great American printer and statesman, was one of the men interested in the work .which ultimately led to its establishment. When General Arnold was in coinniaiid of the troops here, during the winter of l77.'>-f., the American Congress gent three Commissioners — Uenjaniin Franklin, Samuel Chase and Charles Carroll — to Montreal to endeavour to conciliate the Canadians. These Commissioners were clo- thed with extraordinary powers, indeed with almost as iniicli power as Congress itself possessed. A portion of their instructions ran as follows ; " Chiefly, however, they ore charged to convince, conciliate and win the Canadians by appeals to their reason and interest ; in aid of which ihey are to take measures for establishing a news- paper to be conducted by a friend to Congress." The Cominissioners followed their instruction faithfully, broughl with them a press-lhc first in Montroiil— ty|N', i^c, and a Fr 'Ii printer named Mesplets. Tlic parly arrived at Montreal on the V.'I»lh April, 1770, but il is doubtful whether the ('ommissioners made nny great eHbrts lo eKtiibliHli it newspaper, as ihey soon found lliat I heir cause was hopeless, and Franklin left Montreal on the I fill of May. A iinmber of addresses to the Caniidians were printed and distrilniteil, and these were doiilillcss the work of Mesplels. When llie Ameiicans left, Mesph-fs remained l)eliiiid and established liimgelf as a printer in " Hie Market Place," now Custom House sipiarc, lakini; a man named ilergcr as a partner. The parliicrship did not last very long, and in I77K Mesplets published the first iinmber of Hie (liwtllr, which was printed in both French and Knglish. The lliutlli' is now •' lili'Nt paper in Canada, and we believe the third in age on this continent. I'l I;K AM! ANK ITS IMI'dltTANT UKLATlONS 'I'o A IIKAI/rilV VITALITY. ImmhI and air are the principle and essentiul elements which siiNtain hiinian life ; tlie one furnishing ailment wherewith to supply the waste of Hie system, and the latter to prepare and fit Hie blood flir the purpose it fills in the animal economy. JioHi are eipially essential to a well-being of the body, and the greatest vitality cvists where Ihey are Inrnished in purity and of proper charac- ter. Nature has set up a defence for herself against food vitiated by ago or made impure by decomposition or chemical change, by rendering it repulsive to the senses; and has also provided a means for ridding the stomach of oni'iiHivcsnbstancesby action independent of the volition of man, and natnre is jirompt to udmonisb when im- |iro[icr food is used. Against the insidious action of vitiated air nature's monitions are not so prompt ; she has made no provision to adnionisli at the time when bad air is inhaled, and until the eflccts of its use have developed into disease, its results are not made known. Impurities in the air may be inhaled without being noticed at the time, which, if taken into the stomach, wonlil be made known immedi- ately. The slow and insidious development of diseases of the lungs and throat is of a dmracler which nature is not prompt to furnish intelligence of, and oft-times not m'til disease has made great progress is its presence known at all. The inhaling of bad atmosphere, or atinosphero vitiated or madi; impure by contact with deleterious sub- stances, or atmosphere mingled with noxious gases, is one of the most productive sources of such interferences with nature's chemistry of the body; hence it becomes a matter of vital importance that we should understand fully the character of the atmosphere wo breathe, and J88 I fiiithriilly, troiil — ty|H>, A|iiil, I77ii, •h iiiiiiI(> niiy y Hdiiii tdiiiid I'll Miiritri'iil NW'H lo I ho lllCKO Wt'TO Aiiifiiraiis • I Iiiiiigi'irii8 I ■lulll lloilHIl iliiir. The 7.S McNplctg wliirli wna •^lili' is now till' tliiril ill I CLATIONS III di'iniMit8 Mg llillllfllt ^111, ami llu! ■jioHi! it mis imMitiiil to u ality exists per clmrac- igiiinst fuud position or the st'iwfs; Ktoiiiuuli of lie volition when iin- lir imt lire's o proviHioii I, Hiiil until ilisenw, its lie iiir limy ', which, if n iinineili- (libenscs of tnre is not s not lii'til known at tmospliero irions siib- I8C8, is one inccs with lecoinug a inderstarid iathe. and mt '11 MANUFACTURE 286 EUE CEAIG, (En fiicc du Marchc iks Animaux,) KT m E^ m mm PERiHiiii, Maii^EE4£«, PAQUETTE & ROBERT, MANUKACTUIJIEns DK Architiaiei. Mo,il„rfi ,/,: tv>i» (hnrrx cl l i i, turning ont nixint Imlf • ton <.f rivi't. ,i .lay, an.l nitiiig np n.-arly two InirMlri'.l tout of wire a yunr. i|iiili' iiH inncli HO. nN (Iml uvhIioiiM know Hi.' <|nalily of the fooil we p«(. Too niui'li atti'Mtion cinniot lie jiaiil to IIoh iin|)oi'|iiiit iiiattor liy Ihni.In of fiirniliri*. lnil<'|M'M.lrnl of tin- con- Hidi'rations ofc'oinfort, it iM'coni.-H a .Inty of onr kiml llmt wo ciiil.'avor to proniot,-, in tliu pliyHiciil contlition of tliOHf aliont ON, tt hcallhy and vijjon.iii vitality. '■"'• "">'< vinit tlH'lianntHoftli.'poor, liviuuin hii.lly ^■'''"''•■'••''' ' ''i''iil lioimrs, »n rn.hly .'vi.l vh of health whi.-h hnaniin th.< .-y... an.l tint thi' Nkiii of s.nl, .hil.lnMi af. hrnah pure air, an.l sh.,.|, in well v.ntihit.'.l i.n.l h.)«Ithy a|)ai'tnit!nl« away fn.in llx- hail air, an.l itH inll.i- oiif.'s, an.l mark tin. .Iili;.rfnc.., An.l v,.(, with all th.-s.- fmU liiiniliar to nn.Ht thinking nu-n, how littl.- attiMition iH pfti.l to thiH ini|).,rtant itiiii of health an.l .•..n.fort hy till- innxsof ooinniniiitv. Diirinn the warm weather, fainiii.'s livini; in .'..mliirta- hlf •.•irniinstanccH aiv ahh- t.i rei.ic.ly tin; .lilliiMiliy hy ohtainingfroni a g.io.l vcnti!,iti..n a proper (pi.ility of air, hilt when winter eonie.s, an.l the doors an.l win.lows hav.' to be closed to keep out, the inll.i eMofeol.l. .lilh.iil- ties are eiieouiiter.'.l of which it in lli.' parti.iilar hiiLj,.,! of thifi paper to .lescrihe. Then it ix that wo hegin l.> mix with the air we breathe, HiiliHtain'eN hurtful an.l injiirioiH t.> h.'aith an.l treiigth, mill when we most iiee.l the ai.l .if wi. e t.> dutermine what are had inlliiemeH an.l how to gnar.l Hgaiimt tlieni. Iiidepeiideiit of the jtnrity of the air wo breathe, tlier«. are ftUo coiisideratioim ronreriiing its arlilieini warming for our comfort, which are highly important. In a tightly closed hoiiw there arc eondilioiiH imposed upon the uir hy most of the ileviceM in iise for warming it, which injure itsipinlity and operate tothediHcoiiifort of tlioM ufiing it. The seimitiveness of the skin to sudden change* of the outer uir nature bus provided, in a measure, protec- tion, but against the sudden changes of air artificially wanned, the provision is not so ample. The skin covering the body is tilled with imiumeruble minute pores, which are extremely sensitive to changes of temperature, and jmrticularly so to the changes to temperature in atmospheric air artificially warmed ; and is is quite as iniportuiit thata uniform temperature should he had, an.l without siid.len changes of heat and cold, as that the air ihould b«t pure and iincontamiimted. In nearly all the iiimhrn u|)pliances for wanning ilwellingM niid sleeping apartmeiilH, lhiiS(< objects are overlooke.1 i or, if means are provido.l against such in- lluenies, they are badly contrived and useless. The point to be aceoiii|ilished by these devices being, It wo.il.l s«.eiii, to make as hot a lire as possible for a time, an.l to be followed by a point of teinperaliire us far in the other extreme. The ordinary hot-air furnace with »n ordinary fire pot, into which is placed the fuel fora llir. r four h.iurs sup- ply, all of it at th.' Name time under the inlluence of .Iratl and combmitjon must reach its maxi in of heat at the (line when all is in a vigorous combustion, an.l there must be a period wl the temperature will not be so great us otheii, and the inlluei s of such a lire are irregular and uncertain. In the replenishing of H.i.h afire an interim i.f low temjuiral.ire must follow, ami that, t...., within fth.'se contrivances in the best possihle working order, an.l if '"""■'"•""•" ' is lell to in.'omp.'teni persons, the dilfi- cilllies ale iiicrease.l niiiiiv times. The temperature of the liimian body vuries but about (wo ilegrees— five degrees cither way are fatal to life. To protect the bo.ly from changing of temperature an.l (o keep an eipiililuiiim of heat an.l coM, nature has pro- vdeil a covering for tliu skin of innnmerahle pores, and wh.'ii the body is subject to the inlluence of a high teiii- perntnre, perspiration commences through these vessels to the skin, the evapoiati.m of which moisture cimiIs the bo.ly an.l preserves a iinil'orm degree of temperature. Knowing this fact, cmnnion sense will suggest that the ni.u'c uniform the (empeiature may be, of the iiirsnr- roiinding the l....ly, the less lax there is upon the skin, an.l the bad etVects of sii.Meii chaiig.'ri uvoiiled. Air properly w.nine.l for the health an.l comfort, shonl.l he Hii|i|dic.l in abiin.laiice, with a temperature only varying to mi'et the changes of the outer air ; should carry in it no more moisture than the outer air has in proportion to its volume, and shoiiM he warmed by a continuous fire. The temperature of the rooms slioiiM be kept as uni- form as possibit — imt by heatinga small ipiaiitity of air, very hot, and passing it into the room, but by heating a very large volume of air moderately. The usual operation of hot-air furnances is to furnish »'' to apartments at two high a tenii»erature when in full operation. The air is filled with minute particles of dust from the decay of material, with which it is in contact; these pass in with air, and from the action of highly heaUsd sm- faees are charred, producing gases unpleasant and hi,, i- ful. This may be avoi.leJ by largely increasing the vol- ume of air and by introducing this large volume into the rooms at a lower temperature and this lust procedure has 190 pi I GANANOQUE RIVET WORKS. PARMEmfi BULLOCH, MANUI-ACTUKliKS ol-' WAKKANTlil) nio]\ AND rrn^i:!) nivirrs, COPPER BELT AND HOSE RIVETS AND BURS, Stove. Carriage, Wagon, and Sleigh Rivets, '•fAlhS, HAIMJCUS' ANI> SPOl FORDS' PAT|.]|\ - CARPKNTIill'S BRACCS MOPS, &C., OP EVHRV DliSCKlPTloN. AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENT AND SPECIAL RIVETS J^k!££%i «Jir'»turn pitrt orunliiriu, liiit Miniiixliont tlio Duininion. TIid liiiliiling in of brick ; two NtorioD high, with n frontagiiol t\vi>liii:iih'i'il iiml forty fnct hy it ili'|ith (if two liiiihlrtxl Dili tlrriy tlirmi. Thn lir.ii I'liiiiloymiliont thirty hiin'li) constantly iiii'l turnout on nil nvurago uliont flrii'cM WHgoiii n woiik. Thi for npnltci, hult*, oti' , n |ialiit hIio|i, hlai'kitniitii ahu|), etc. Tli'' hiiililiiigH iiikI yani toi^i'ilui oceii|iy ubuiit oiui ami ii hall' itore* of groiiinl. 'rim ma- ehiiiury ii very cuinjili'ti' iiiid \» drivmi by a Iwi'iity-fivo hur*o puwur onginti <)iibIo foaliirn of llui PitabllHhinunt in that il lian a iiowitrrnl iirii uiiKiiio on tint prttinisun, whioh \» alwayn ki'pt in gouil working unlur no that very littlo ilangor from firo lU'rii lio appri'lii'inlcil. this fnrthrr ailvaiitagc, that it lirata lh<> tipat'i' to la' warini'il more iinifornily nml withonl rnrronto of nnrcpial tcnipt'ratnn'. An atinoNplinrr In I'Ximiidcil by heat, ilf capacity to aliNorli iiioiNtiirc iN incrcaHcd, anil if the iiii lie loo dry it will aliHiirl) niolHtiirc from tin* tiNNUcN to r healing air to be passed into the rooms of dwellings, stores, tV'c. In the management of these furnaces, the simplest kind of inlelligeiice is called for. It seem to liavi! been the desire of tlie inventor to make the whole ailiiir as antomatic as possilile, by an arrangement of devices ex- ceedingly ingenious nnd complete in their appointments. The lire can be maintained for a wholi- winter with- onl rekindling, and the mere shaking of tlii^ grate twice a day, and the tilling ofthe maga/.iiie with fuel, constitiilo all that is necessary to operate it. Its arrangemeiilN are SI) eomplele that it may be operated by a person ofthe most oidinary intclligcni'e, The range of tenii)ertiiie reipiired can be established with acc.nracv, and when so adjimted as lo meet the re- ipiirement, will run with perfect regularity, which ren- ders its use ofthe greatest pos.sible convenience. Again, to prevent excessive evaporation of water, the maiinfaciurers have placed a valve upon the evaporating jian, by which the proper quantity of water is supplied liy the hydr.iiit pi|>e, which is permanently connected with the furnace so that this supply of water isnutomn- 192 rt, mill tliiil il ill iiiioIIkt ll'I'M III' all'illll iril liv hIi'iiiii III' In I llml liiT llii-y will iiiht II mil iirliiinii' iii'iil liiliT lllr lllrl lilll lilc, in II llriilllHi' IlirV |lllCI'l' llflltl'll il llV liol nil' I lltllllls|lllt>l'l> llillllllllN lil'l', I'll liy Kiii'li Ik it I'liimiili'm- iiU |iriiiri|ili! Iiiiililiiiii tliiN H wliii'li roii- lIlllHtloll, lltlll iiM it ri'i|iiirrN iilui'iiily, mill lit'iit may lie ^iriiliic, M'itli- 10 Sill-F.'cil- iiiitiiiirai'tiirnil r ai'<'oiii|iliKli- lllioil III' JllN. rt ii|i|iliiiiK'C>R iiig air to l)i> \-i'. till' Hiiiiplent to liavo iM'i'ii liiili' alliiir KH IlI'lil'vici'H cx- l|l|)0illtllll'lltN. wiiitrr witli- Urati' twico a uO, roiiHtitiitu iiiifi'iiii'iilii lire |M'I'NIIII 1)1 till' III! ('NtaliliMli)'il > lili'rt. I lie ri'- y, which rcn- iciicu. of watt'r, tho II! (^vapiiriitiii^ >r in Hui>iiliiHl tly connected iter is antonm- Middlesex Works ESTABLISHED 1841. PLUMMER & SON, Pelloos, Shafts, Poles, And all description of Woodwork for Cam^es, Skuihsi Waggons. 1; 47G TO 482 RIDOUT STREET, LONDON, - - - Oataiio. ,f*i 103 m. I'lNKKRTON, WIIITHAM & CO. Oiu' of I lit- most iiromini'ut maiuiractun's wliicli lias si)iiiiij?ii;> ill Montreal dmiiii,' t lie past, iinaitiT 'ifa I't'iiliii y i.s that of 1)11 its and mIioi's; ami liimi a vny sin ill liri;iii- iiiii!? Montreal eaii now lioasl of some of I lie niosi e\|,eii- sive factories to lie foinnl on tlie eoiilineiil aii.l tnriiiiii; out ipiite ius nooil, if not better, work llian any ol the factories in llie Stati's. Aiiionysi llieleailini; lioiises niiist be mentioned tliat of Messrs. I'inkeilon, Wliilliain Co., corner of Yoiivilli^ and Norniand si reds, ,ii ilie font of Medill street. Tliey oeeiiiiy a line, four sioiy, ent stone bnildii !? containinuan area of liliy llniiis:iiiil si|iiar(? feet. Tlie first lloor is devoted In olliies, [laiUiim rooni und store-room. The second lloor is used as ilie cnltiiii; room, with litlniii-room attached. The third lloor is used for sole leather work, and there is also a sole ^nd boitom- ing-room. On thu fourth lloor is the li(p||75 Messrs. I'iiikeiton, Whitliam Co., have desplayed great energy ami enfer(nisi', and now employ about one liiimhcd and fifty hands, while the steady stream of trade would imliice the visitor to their eslali- lishmeiit to think that the niiicli talked of " liard limes " had not reached them \ct, ami gave no imlicalioii id' doing so in a liuiiy. tieally luriiislied, anddoes not reipiire any atteiitinii afiei the I'lirnaeeis put up and started. The mechanical coiislrnctioii of this l''iiiiiace is not excelled by anything ol the kind. The manner of mount- ing it prevents the escape of coal gas from the tire into the rooms. The arrangement of heating surface is well designed for heating uniformly a very large volnine ol air, and it is so well constrncled that the tines may he easily and readily cleaned. Considered in all its appointliieiils, it has no faults,ainl is full of good ipialities, ealciilaled to remedy the dillitnltiesof had air, ehaiigeahle tempertiiie, and a too moist atmosphere. KOSES. A inoderato liking for roses as good things in their place lia-i beelijiistly considered one ol the results ol lionie education which are least open to objection. It is however, by no ineiiiis general among persons who have taken so prominent a \nivl in public lili! as lo have attracted the attention of history ; and who share with the black-beetle a positive distaste lor the rose. The famous Chevalier de tiiiise could not smell a rose with- out feeling uncomfortable; and Venieri, one of the ' " ■ " iilification Doges of Venire siiUl'red under tin '.ami^ (hsiji! ioi I he piirsils of uiirdciiiiig. .Anne, of Austria, wife of i.oiiis .\lll., could not even look at a rose in a painting wilhoiil being sei/i'd with lantrums. Nevertliele,s.s iniiny people who are willing as a rule to lake examples from Ilie ;;ieal have piusisled ill enteitaing friendly seiili- iiiciils Inwards this llower, and every tiim! that the spring ami early simmier bring hack the pretty vegitable lliev fall lo telling one another all lliey know about it. In the i')ast there is stilj a belief that the lirst rose was loriiicd hv a tear' ol the prophet Mahuinel, but nalloiis id' niiire cool and iliseiphned ImagnialitMi have soine- liiiics admilled thai its origin is lost in obscnrily. Koses well' used very early in history aiiimig the most potent iit- Hiedients of love philters. They seem lo have been ini- porled by the Konians from Kgyi't until the reign of Doiiiitiaii. Antiochus slept upon a bed of rose-leaves. Mark .\iiloiiy begged that (lleopatra would cover his iciiidi with these Mowers, and " mer rosa" was a fav- oiiiile term of endearment among liomaii lovers, as who should say " nion clien " (my cabbage) nowadays in France. Homer has adorned the shield of Achilles and the helmet of lleclor with roses. Among the ilreeks it was a ciistmn lo leave be(|iiests for the iiiain- tenances of .se[inlihral idse-gardeiis over the grave of the testator; and at Torcallo, near Venice, an inscription may still be .seen which sliowes that this fushioii was adopted in Italy. In Stock's collection of engravings on stone there is a beaulifnl design cut in garnet. It represnls a luillerllv settling on a rose, and it is supposed to coinmemorate the death of 11 young girl. In Turkey, a stone rose is ofte.i .sculptured above the graves of iin- miirried women. A charming bas-relief on the toiiib of Mdiiie. De la Live, who died at the age of twenty, re- [uesenls Time mowing a rose with his scythe. Accord- ing to Indian mythology, I'agodasiri, one of the wives of V^islinu was found in arose. Zoroaster is said to have made a rose-tree spring out of the earth ami hud and blossom ill the [iresence of Darius, who had called upon him to perrform a miracle. In Babylon u prepart ion of slioe-leatlier was much esteemed when it had been iuiprcgnated wi.h the scent of roses ; and Abdiilkiiri, an emiiient 'I'liik, who wanted to live there, being made aware of this tiict, discovered an ingenious way to profit by il> In reply to a demand which he had made for the freedom of the city the Babylonians sent him 'i bowl brimful of water, to signify that there was no room among them for an intruder. Abdiilkari placed u rose- leaf on the surface of the water without si>illing a drop of it, and having thus indicated that he might be received without making a mess, lie ubttiinud the object of his desire. In one of the books attributed to .S'domoii, eternal wisdom is compared to the plantations of rose trees at .lericho. Princess Nourmahal, the most lovely ludy in the liareii of u (Jreat Mogul, had a cunal tilled with rose water and rowed about in it with her august con- sort. Till' heat of the sun disengnged the esse ential oil 194 Rnkerkn, WhUkm i Co., MANIIFACTUREUS OF BOOTS AND SHOES, ■Vir H O Ij ES S .a. L. EI , It Youvlllc ^Uc,i, Off t\,ot of >ream 0ti'c.t, i^iONTREAL. Wc mamWactua- a general assortnun, of Mens', Boys', Youths, Womcns', M,s,es and Ch.ldans' pegged and sewed work, whieh, npon exun,i,,a,ion, will be found unsurpassed in c|nality, style or finish. Our goods are mannfaetured iVo,„ the very best stoek to he procred in this market, and partietdar attention is al- ways gtven to produee stock unequalled in Canada for quality and durability To attain the desired result we en,ploy none but the very best work-people, and the most rehable and well-proved machinery. In consequence of our care in this and and other re-spects, in whatever part of the country our goods have been sold we have no d,ffieulty in selling afterwards, and we are constantly receiving letters from those who have purchased them congratulating „s on the result attained. Any orders intrusted to us will have our most careful and prompt attention. We beg to call attention to a description of our establishment on opposite page of this book. PINKERTON, WHITHAIVI & CO. Montreal, June, 1876. Mi„ P ' CUARLK.S KAYMOND. ll|mr) ciilliiig ut the offico of tlm libuve-iiitintxl gtiiitlc- iiiaii .•iinl rt'ljiu'Rtiiit; [M-riiiissioii to iiiHjtect his factorv, Wf wi're (loiirt.'oimly (.'uiitliictod ovnr tlio workn hy Miii iiiiiiiii^iT, ]\li-. Li'oiiHi-d, wliu cxiiliiiiicd to us tliu (liU'criMit processes in tlie iiiiiiiiillirturo of u (irst cliiss sewing iiia- cliine. Mr. Kayniond, makes four dilfiM-ent. kinds wliieli ure no new eandidates for i>nl)li(^ favour, but liave l)een tested and retested for many years. Since the establisli- nipnt of Mr. Raymond, in (Juelph his machines have gained a worhl-wiih; rt^pnlalioii and the business lius steadily iiicrc.iscd until shipments are now being madc^ to all parts of the civilized world. For simplicity of constrnetion, excellence of wmknianship and perfection ill sewing, tlicy are not sniprts.scd by any otln-r sewing machine in the market. The factory for the family and tailoring machines, which are worked by foot-power, ami have be<'n hitherto §ohl chietly ill the Dominion, is situated on Yarmouth Street and is a new liiiiidiiig, erected at a cost of twenty tlious.ind diiil.iiH, to lake Ihe place of one burned down in IS75. It is ot brick, three stories in heiglit, with 130 feet frontage ami 100 feet depth. In this factory we found machinery of tin,' newest ami most approved description for the nianntactiire of a first class article. Hot air carried to every room keeps the building com- fortably warm in winter, tlii! large fan for tliis purpose being driven, in coiimion with ail the lathes and other mitchines, by a fine engine of thirty-five horse power. The olTices and show room, which arc handsomely fitted up are in the main building fronting on Yarmouth street. When we Inul seen tliis establisliment we were under the iiiipresgion that the object of our visit had been accomplished, but Mr. Leonard then invited us to accom- pany liiin over another factory situated at a short distance from the one in which we were. This proved to bo a large stone building at the comer of Yarmouth and Suflblk streets, two stories high, with a frontage of 815 feet ami a depth of 40 feet. This second factory is de- voted to the maimfactiire of the lock-stitch and chaiii- stitcli hand sewing machines iieaHy all of which are intended for foreign markets. Over eighty machines and lathes are on tiie ground floor of this building, the power biMiig obtained from an ei'^nic precisely similar to the one previously described. The second floor is occiijiied for adjusting and finishing the machines which are all carefully tested in every way before ship- ment. In the packing room it is interesting to see the cases marked ready for transportation to diflerent parts of the world, England, various f^uropean countries, South and Central America, Australia and Asia. Separated from this factory by a yard at the back is a third building, two stories high, also of stone, having a length of 80 feet and width of 40 feet, which is occu- pied by the wood workers, all the cases, stands and cabinet work required in the business being made. Mr. Raymond has about two hundred men employed upon a production of about six hundred sewing tnacliiiies per week, with a capacity for a very largo increase in the production according to the demands of trade. IVomthe water, and their Majesties having observed the fact invented otto of roses. The Kmpcror Helogabalus filled a fish pond with rose water, but it is nowhere said whether the fishes approved of this proceeding. When the Soldan Saladiii, who had so much trouble with harilfisted Knglish King Richard and his turbulent «'hristian friends, took .leriisalcm in Ijss he would not enter the Temple, which he profanely called a mosipie, till lie had its walls wiished with rose water, and Suiiut iiNsiires us that 500 camels were no more than siifricient to carry the purifying liciiiid. Also, afier the taking of Constanliiiopleby Mahomet 11. in 1 Mo, the church of St. Sophia was solemnly purified with rose water before it was converted into a iiioH((ue. The high priest of the Hebrews wore a crown of r(i,scs when he ollered up ciM'tain sacrifices imiler the Mosaic di,speiisati((U ; and it was ((erhaps In remenibiaiice of this fact tliat the .Synod of Nisnier, which was lieM in the third century, enjoined every .few to wear a rose on his br<'ast aa a distin- gnishiiig mark of inferiority. In many countries the .lews still celebrate the festival of Easter Flowers, iliiriug which they ornament their lamps, chandeliers, and beds with roses. Thus it happened that these flowers were hateful to the early Christians, and are often cmidemned in the writing of the Fathers, who professed that they could not understand that jiious peo- ple could think with e(|uaiiiniity of roses when they remembered the crown of thorns, afterwards tliis lio!stilu feeling seems to liavi^ died out. Wiien Marie Antoinette passed through Nancy on her way to be married with Louis XIV., tln^ ladies of Lorraine pre- pared her a bed strewed witli roses. In the Middle Ages roses were held so precious in France that a Royal license was necessary to grow them. Charlenuigne recommended the cultivation of tin- ro.se in his "Capi- tulation." The Persians of Shira/. stop their wine bottles with roses, which give the wine a pleasing smell ; and during the festival of Abrizaii, which takes place during the equinox, Persian hidies throw roses at each othci; when they pay visits. At Rome it was the prac- tice of the Church to bless the ro.se on a special day set apart, wl,: h was called Rose Sunday. The custom of blessing the golden rose seems to have begun in the eleventh or twelvth century. The benediction was pro- nounced with particular solemnity on the fourth Sunday in I.«nt, and tlia golden rose thus const^crated was given as a mark of the Sovereign PontifPs favour to some prince or princess. Alexander III., who bad been received with great honour during a journey which he made in France, sent the golden rose to Louis the Young as a sort of graceful compliment. Subsequently the giving of the golden rose became an authoritative act by which the 196 ^qi men uinployod ^viiigiimchiiies ;o iiicrcasu in if trade. ^ observed the r llelugulxdus niiwliere miid •ding. VViieii trouidu with iiis turbulent he would not led a nK)s(|ue, :er, and .Saiiut liau 8idlieient • the talking of 'cliureli of St. vater before it juiest of the ■red ui> certain ; and it was tlie .Synod of tury, enjoined t as a distiii- countrieti the *ter Flowers, , cliaudelierN, d that these aim, and are Fathers, who lat |iiuu8 peo- >9 when they terwards this When Mario ■ way to be Lorraine pre- n the Middle ' that a Royal Charlciungne n his " Capi- r wine bottles ig Hinull ; and I place during at each other as the prnc- II special day The custom l)egun in the tion was pro- lurth Sunday I'd was given I some prince oeii received I) lie made in luiig as a sort le giving of >y which the SEWING M/VClIlfSES. CHARLES RAYMOND, MANUFA(1TUKKK OF Lock-stitch and Chain-stitch SEWING MACHINES, To Worlz hy Ilaiicl or Foot Fower. LIGHT IlUNNlNG^BlilMVORKMAN DURABLE, With Latest Improvements, FOR HOME AiND FOREIGN MARKETS. GUELPH, ONTARIO, CANADA, iiMS. A. UAM.SAV A SONS. 'I'lii.s liiisiiii'MN was ruiiiidcil l)y the Into Alcxiiiidor Uiiiii- Siiy, senior. He coiniiit'iK'cil liiisiiicss in |s||, luid iiiir- Niifd it with such pcrsevi'iiiii,' iissichiily, (liHiihiyiii!,' siiih iiii((stt'iitiitii)iis l)iMii'vii)cnt. kiiiihicss, that, eiiirii'd him the ii's|i('ct iil'.ill Ihdsc wilh whiiiii III' I'.iiiic ill coiihicl ; and ii|Mni his di'ccasi', his (iiiiciiil was allendi'il hy a cortvi/i; l.iigcr and nunc ucncral, liian, pcihaps, any which had hccii accoiih'd a [iiivalc citi/cn ; stores licinu i lesed throilghinit the city, ami his hiss Ich hy the whide I'liiii- iiiiiiiity. Ill' U't) the Iwi) larye stores ii|ioii lieeoMet stfi'ct, hiiilt hy him. with a (radecNteiidiiiy over the whide Dimiiiiioii, cnnslanlly iiicicasiii!; in i .iiitii Ic. This was carefully cultivated hy his son, tlu |ireseiil, Alexander Kimisay, under the ohi style of A. Kainsay \- ,'<(iii. Its ramilica- tions iuk! depaitinents so (Iovelo|ied and iiicieased, that extensive outside Iniiidings had to he em|iloyed. In I S7i Mr. Iiiinisay aci|iiiied the |)reseii' iirojierty ii)i(in liis|iec- tor and College streets, criveriii!; nearly a whole hlock ; and a year later conn iced maniil'aelmiii!; paints, J(iaii,Qin't'n ivcr tli(> King vcd a gulden Towards tlio pears (o liave iiy travelling i .iliiiiil £100 alioiit roses, ingliain, who I rose. The nswered that loriiN. Fred- is (iC Potsdam ni'limnri for n lie King with Miijesty's Inii- A rose tree in ■re James II. (ranger is re- family offers dine, de Oen- sli(! was fond t roses faded. le. de Oeiilis it moss roses iiven to roses 4sinin) : it is n III r.anranster ^liite rose, re- sli eivil war. ill the heroes h some flowor IS any other. (R. ISrowiiii) 1 to poBterity rose will not A. RAMSAY & SON, C/3 8 TO 22 INSPECTOR ST.. AND 222 TO 226 COLLEGE ST. SPECIALTIES. PAINTS a„. COLOKS, .0., ., ^^^.^^..^^.U P..e,. „, or ^ u,U. Genuine White Lead-abHohUdy pure, excelled by none ^"''"' "S,^f.^rA",^,l,fr.t°itl?.*°"« Ochre. 40. *c,-IVc ,,„.„..,.„„ COMES B, DEOOBATOM ..J SION WIIITBI«, of U,h« ,„„,„.. „, ^^^ MET.UO »00P,»0 PAINTS. .nT,CO,RO.,VE ™»^^ ™„ ,., „... ,„. „, „,„^., ^„,. ,^ ^, ^^^ LINSEED OIL— J{aw, Boilwl, and Palo Hoiloil • anJ aII V«n.l.ki. c- 1. ». l. nr yi^rr, r^ r ^ ^ '' ^•''''''•'''' '^''''' ""'''"'""y- "-"bricating and Burning Oils. I LA It. GLASS, all sizes, in Stock or to Import. COUIIBSPONDKNCK INVITED. Insuroi Plato Glass in Windows or in Transit. ALEXANDER RAMSAY, 10 Inspector Stijeet. ■I. f i .4 i . 199 I :i KOOKliS AND KIN(J. The .'xtonmve factory of Mosdrs. Uo^.-rK A Kiiii;, f.iini- •ItTH, iHsitiiiitt.I i.t No. (Jtr, Crni.u sfr.'..(, Moiitr.-al, uiv.M ••inplDynieiit to nirotit t'i.^hty iii.-ii ami turns out v\r>'\- h'lit work. Tho fomiclry is l.uiltofhrick, twoslorfyNliiuh ; im.l tlu'lirm aro sole iiiaiiuractnn;i« of SpiMic. '.s Patent, SVc- tiotial hot watfr aii,00Oaiiiinally, the capital neces- NJiry to realize all this upproxiinating SI 10,000,000, ami the value of all . products about SI7.';,()00,0()o! Were wo inclined lo indulge in a gcographicalestim,'itoof the production of this branch of operative industry, the yards of sheeting, twilled and print goo.ls produced in the year lying in the doorway of the centennial year would be siillicent, if put into one piece, to encirde the o u-th at the eipiater over thirty-nino times, beginning at a given point, with enongli left over to stretch fr,.m Boston to the city of .San Francisco, on tin; Pacific; coast, its end sw.'ishiug around in the waters of the Goldi'u Gate. This queer illnstratioti may l)e regarded as a stretch of the imagination by some of our readers.but it is not only apt, but typical of the long.,o|s,. siiHicit'iit to ml Wnoliiiij,'- COllt to «)llf- l»y. Ill tlict, Ji'o tliu Kings Ittn, too, II II' lilSSiullllSL'ttS ew York and tiire ; but it X ill till- pro- ftiitu, mittlfd i'i« with tlie ciirufiil usti- ■soiit year at lit! availiible > Bulletin, to >t', ~(l(» ships Sailing in oiild oxtciid of the globe, till! jiroccs- IV York, fol- iiiid Union ROGERS & KING, Mbtjcja h' n Craig Street Foundry, 645 Craig Street, Montreal, SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF SPENCE'S PATENT SECTIONAL HOT WATER AND STEAM BOILERS. AND SPENCE'S PATENT IMPROVED BEE-HIVE BOILERS, FOR HEATING BUILDINGS, CONSERVATORIES, &c. All kuuis oi Hot Water and Ftnnacc Fittings, tapped and untapped Kancy Screens, tor Coils and Skirting Pipes. Ph.n.bers' Wares of all kinds' Also all knuis ot House Castings, Railings, Crestings, Column., &c. kepi in stcvk, or made to order. Potash Kettle and Coolers, Sugar Coolers' SfinH for (nir/^iilQi«e» ^MrJ o«: i ;-i 201 fi B ■ HOCllEAND DKOLKT. The aorntuil wator inamifiictory of Mi!g«rs. Roclin it Drolot is situated on Siissnx street, Ottawa, and is a line stone building, tliree storeys high, having a frontage of lifty loot by a depth of thirty. This is the otdy first- class soda water nianufaotory in(Jttawa, and, altiionghonly established in IS*;!, already turns out about one hun- dred and fifty dozen a day, and gives steady eniploynu-nt to a dozen men. The full producing capacity of the factory is over (Ivu hundred dozen a day, and if the busi- ness of the firm continues to increase as rapidly lus it has during the past year, the full producing capacity of thi- firm will soon be tested. The firm also nianufaetiires (linger ale, Sehzer water, Champagne cider, *c., and all kinds of syrups. Pacific railroads, the noses of the leaders of each waggon touching the tail board of the one in front. In this cal- culation we allow only forty-nine feet to eacii team. If the countries to wliich this vast crop will be sold iiseil grain as liberally as we do, California lia,v i>io(hHed enough of bread this year to feed five millions of people besides her own. She has produced enough to siip|)lv the wants of one-seventh of the i>opiilatioii (d' (iivat Britain and Ireland." now A WIDE AWAKP: FAUMKR (lOT AIIKAI) OF TWO FANNINO MILL I'KDDLKHS. In the neighbourhood ofOuelph there formerly re.siiled a fanning mill manufacturer, who, commenciiig in ,i siiiall way, but making a good mill, was deferniined to place it in the hands of every farmer within lilty miles. Not being able to secure a ped.ller who was ijuilr up to the mark, and possessed of indomitable energy and will, be determined to .sell his own fimning mills, and h.ive no contimied opposition from any source. Levi, lor this was his name, succeeded in his j)lans for (piiti' a while, but eventually heard of a man f we will call Iliown) who, with equal good purposes, was ca.iva.ssing the (inelpli section, and selling a lot of milk With intent of run- ning off his competitor, Levi drove after, and linallv caught up to Brown, just as the latter was in the act of unloading a fanning mill in a farmer's yanl. Driving in, L(!vi followed Brown's exami)le, and |>l;icing his mill besides that of his conipetor, proposed a trial of merit, which resulted in the farmer declaring there was not much dilTerence in them, and he would buy the one who sold cheapest. Then commenced the " tug of war;" each man underbid the other, determined to sell, and thinking to scare ofT his opponent. From twenty-five doll.ars the price was rapidly run down, until Levi oHered his mill for ton doUars ; Brown excited, and hound to win, offered his for eight dollars, when it struck Levi that selling at a loss was likely to discourage his conipetor the most when he caine to consider the matter cooly, and he then advised the farmer " to buy Brown'n mill, an that was less than half cost, and he didn'tthink it was worth while to try and compete with such a man." Starting to take up his mill and leftve,he wasdiimbloimded at hearing the farmer say, " slop, I'll take them both ; here's your ten y Tlic Hour. For tli(! first li'>nr — I or ■,' persons 7,5 e,.„ts. 3 or 4 persons JUl.OO For every siihseqiicnt hour — I or 'J persons do centM. •'t or I persons Tr, " Two-Horse Vehicles. Fnmi any place to any others, provided the time occupied do not exceed t!() niiiintes, I orSprsons 60 cents. 3or4 " 05 " 202 3U:-A.TSrXTr'AOTXJRE3] Roche 4^ Jfrolei, OTTAWA, ONTARIO. SODA WATER, If? LTIii MTEi 10'.mM» '^?i» GINGER ALE, AND A U kinds of Syrups. 1*^1 .INT «y f^IlOI^S. 203 'h m « If ...si ^//* >':?■.! I'AI'KK IIANUINOS. Now thiit fiiit'li a liirgo qimritity ofpiiiMT liiiii)3 inches long and from to 8 inches in ilianietor, into the outline of wliich is driven thin lines of briiss shaped into the pattern, the intervening space being fiHed in with a very fine belt. The roller is then put into a lathe, and the surface ground level with pnnitiiice stone, when it is ready for the printing machine. As many as eight of these rollers are sometimes recpiired to produce one pattern, and in some instances cost as high as Uaoo. We next come to the polisliing room, in which are three large cylinder machines driven at a very high rate of speed. Kach machine has from three to five large brushes placed around the cylinder. The paper passing between the brushes and the cylinder received, on a ground already prepared, a fine j)oli8hod surfiice, and is then ready for the printing machine, which puta on the required colours to produco the fine satin wall papers. We then pass into the colour mixing room. This is also nil important department, lor here tlio b.'aiity of the design is brought out by the arrangement of tints and colours best colciilated to produce a pleasing elfect. This department is under the spe,5 Fractions of hours to be charged at previous hour rates —but not less than one(piarterofan liourshajl be charged when the time exceeds the hour. Fifty p"r cent to bo added to the tariff" rates for rides from twelve midnight to four a. m. 204 M. STAUNTON, Skn. M. STAUNTON, Jun. A. A. STAUNTON. M. Staunton i Co., m kmim f ^(Utufuctufcf-a of « km SiAiPE Gold Paper Hangings, I |fe. k I gH e »» e YORKVILLE, TORONTO. SSO W IZ OOMS : COUNER OF YONGE AND KING STREETS, TORONTO. Pi y Tim rrtM'Mr^M.oliimriiliiill ii|.|,|\ ,„„li ri.!i'»,xi. niliiiK \>vyin»\ (Ih> rity |i|||ifM wlicrr |lu> i'nj{ligfiiii'tit i» iii.kIc in tin- (uy Hiiiti/nif. \'<» i'.kIi liiiul. "i In ni,.,l II, .,iiv vt'lililr 10., nt-. Iliit no I'liiiru.. Im ,„.,.I.- (. , rr-xvllJiiK Imv'*, vhIiwh, Ih.x.'n «ii |..ii.l..« uhiili |m«.'im,i>. oiiiM I'lirrv liy lli.' IuhkI i'i;iNTi:i(s' INK AM) r.iisiNi:ss .srccKss. Nil IhisJm.n,, riiii .illiinl jn ||,is cmIi'Iiii iniiij; ,m,. |„ ,|,, \MllicHil II liiil,. |,iii,|,th' ink. I'lil.lhily JH nil I'NHrntliil '■I'l' ' "•' liiiNinrHN Kiir.fsM, iiiiil iimny nC ||i<> liiru.'Hl liPiliiiirH ever uinawif.l, \u\\v I n Nri'iircil Jn mi hiiiiiII ili'ifrrc III- jinliriinis mill Myslcinalir inlvi'iliniiii,'. I.iki- rvi'iytiiiinf i'Im.', lioWi'ViT, JiclviltiMinu' nImhiIiI „„i 111' iivcriJKiic. I'loniisfN Nlninhj niit In- ininli' In llii' |inl.lir, wliii'li iMiiiinl In' iviilisi'il ; nor hIiiiuIiI moiv llian I ivasonalili' .Hiim, conNiilcriiit^ lli. |mthoii'h Iminjim'nh, !..• Nlinit ca.'li yt'nr. Itiil t\\vm> tliinits olwnvcd, (lirif ran In- MO ilonlit, that wlpcn yon fan ollir ii H|i|.(iallv— a lii'tf.T arli.'li — or a ••Iii',i|i.t than y ■ MiijjIilioiiiJ.', no liftv-r invi'Mtniciil ran lie niailc lliaii a little ;.iintriM' Ink, toll" lit' |nil)lii' know it. Aih.'itiMinji iia.^ now alinost attaincil to tim illgnity of an .Nr«, iiml ifijiiiioa liotli jii.l),'ni.'rit and tact, to ncliicvc siir, I'.vt. 'i'lic aiinonnci'iiii'iit niaili-, no I'ar an foiiNiNtcnt with Irntli, nIioiiIiI Ih- IioIiI ami Ktrikiiijf, ami talcnlatcii to mrcNt tin- rcadi'iH attnition. A jiioHy udvurtiHoim-nt isol'littli' valiif. Jt is ortiiii forf;otton tlio iiioiiifut it is ii'ad, and docH not taku that hold on thu pnhlii: mind ((^■(■►iHary toaltrarlciistoni. Odd and |iirnliaraniionn«(- iiii'i.tH, citht-r in matti'i- or Nha|ii', aii) (itM|iiciitly siicccss- I'ul, lint lii'liiml llic oddity and |HTiiliaiity, the jHirchaniT should lind sonictliing it-ally worthy ol'liin attention. If till! |>iucha84!r fliulH tlio reiiicHfiilationu iiicoiTci't, and that he has hccn dec. i veil, iiiorc harm is done thanijood. A giMicral ivcipe tot good ailvcrlisfincnt it- |iiolialily iniiiossililc; hilt the man who (iist perceives the wants uf the comiiinnity, aiidannoimce.s his ability (osupidy tlieni ill advance of, and helter than his riviilH, U sure olhiiv- iiiKanaimniinceiiieiit which will command attention, and pay him well. Whatever mode of advertisiiif,' may lie adopted, those ill hnsiness NJiould not overlook it. In this enterprising age, when so much competition existti, it does not do to putone's light nmler a bmhel, A little printer's ink is ahsolntely es.seiitial. Il's v\ • h^s mined many a busi- ness— its use has built np iniu. • ''n' ' ■<.!. SOME CON'DITION.S OF >(;•:> ••5 iw UUSINKS.'-'. The failures which tako pli,. •• -n |.: .iuess, can gt?iie- rally be traced to their actual cause. " Hard times," and " had luck," have far less to do with the unsncct^ss- ful business speculations, than is popularly supposed. Certain conditions are as nuee»..sary to business success. as Ifn-y Jr.- ill linihliiig u lions.', or cuimlrncting a iliip; and the neglect of llieNe ciindilioim, will im iiievitHlilv prmliicti lailnri) in the o iimi iin the other. Iliiw lf«.|iM'ntly do we hear peoph> explain their want of «'"■ ••'■*>', by saying: person coiiM make money, in lb, 'lines;" or " no per ver had such a run ol bad hick, ..s has overtaken m...". And yet, In lliii eiiw ofdin great iiiajnrity of such iinliirliiiiales, their failiirt' is wholly attrihntalile to their want of jiidgineiit ; want of business kiiowh'.lKe, or llnir own folly. To give a never tailing recipe ti.r a sin cr.,H|ii| bnsiiuiss, is, of coiirHe, im- possible. Itiit there .ire a lew simple coiiililions, which it closely alleiided to, «,,nhl s reduce the ini:olvent list below ils pieseiil too ample di isions. And, lirst anong ihe coialitioiis, we would hiy down the following: eiitiM iiilo no liiiNiness w liieli yon do not niideistaiid. How liei| ily ss knowledge is a rook, uiwii which many un niidertakiiig is stranded. ''Haye I siiiricient capital f" is one of the most imiior- tant ipiestious, which a person about to coninienco business can put to himself. Ilimdreds aro ruiiicil aimniilly, from want of siillicient capital to carry on the business thuy have iimlertakon. Look nt the dry-goods and grocery trades alone : how mui, new claimants for public custom open out every year, ami alai . tow many others disappear. The number. ilfadiir.^ ii. :;ic niurcan- lile line, from iiiadci|iiato caj '..i, i-. now very large. Ilimdreds rush into business, without calmly and earn- estly considering whether they have money or credit enough to carry it on. It may be that they mako a good commencement; but the lirst heavy paymont cramps them, and then begins that desperate struggle, which too often j'lids in the loss of whatever they invested. So it often is also with mechanical and manu- facturing ventures. Itefore the business is in full oper- ation, in many cases, the proprietors' capital is consumed, and ho is without the means necessary to conduct it with the energy and enterprise to command success. It is now dillicult to commoiice any branch of trade in this country without considerable monuy. It is, therefore coiistnntly becoming more necessary that individtuils 206 iii'tiiiK u iliipi lut iiii'viliihly ■illiiT. How llii'ir Hiitif, (if iikr iiiiiiii'v, ill I II mil tit liiiil llit>niiH> iifllir I'ir riiliiri- In ii'iil ; waul iil' II uivc a iicvi'i- ll' IIIIIIHI', illl- lllilillN, wlijrii till- iiiciiKi'iil iilil lay iliiwij 'll yiiii ill) iiiit II iiiiliviiliialN 9. Tim factory and office art! situnted on Oourley street, in the townof Hroclvville, Out. Their factory buililings are of frame. The macliine shop is one and a lialf storeys in heiglit, f>ixty by eigiity, tlie moulding shop is 60 by 160. The ware- house is 40 X 60. Tlie ollicesofthe Conipuny are atttu-hed to the warehouse, and are ntNitly arranged. Tlie works of this enterprising firm extend from (Jourley street to the St. Lawrence Uiver, covering over two acres, employing fifty hands, using thirty liorso-steam power. Th« hardware manufactured here is sold all over the Dominion. OTTO SAUERMANN. The croquet and general wood turning establishment of Mr. Otto Sauennan is situated on the Qrand River, in the town of Paris, Ont., and was established in I860. The factory is well furnished with machinery for all kinds of wood work ; and the croquet set», especially, made at this factory, have gained great celebrity in the Dominion. should enter into no business for which tlieir cajiital and credit are inadequate. To " go it blind," (to use a conunnn phr.ise) is to court disaster, Having suHicient practicid knowh'gc of business; and a sufficiency of capital to carry it on, the next point to consider is; wiiere should operations l»e commenced t This is an important condition of siicctiss : and calls for the exercise of careful judgment. Tlie first consideration should be, is there a want in tlie community, for the par- ticular calling, which it is jiroposed to engage in. What folly it is, for a man to start u foundry in a town or village, where there are already two or three in operation ; and those well conducted, and well able to supply all the public wants. And so, also, with stores and other occupations. It is of the highest importance, to make sure of a good market before one undertakes to supply it ; and the chances of success should always be con- sidered when a sufficient business can only' be attained by taking awny customers from deserving opponents. Honesty, enterprise, and application. These are three essentials in conducting business properly. Honesty is the best policy. Hy double dealing and misrepresenta- tion, a transient success may sometimes be achieved ; but in nine cases ont of ten, it is as evanescent as the morning dew. Let a man be candid, straightforward, and trutliful ; and he can not only ask the blessing of God upon his labours, but he will stand better with his fellow men. His enterprise should display itself in keeping constantly the best articles in his line : the newest styles, the latest improvements ; and be always endeavouring to keep pace with the spirit of the times. To supply his customers' wants better, chcajier, and quicker tiian his neighbours, should be liia increasing study ; nor should ho hide his light under a bushel. A little printer's ink is a good thing occasionally ; if you have a first-rate article ; or a cheap one, which the public reiiuire, let them know where they can purchase it. Make no absurd stati incuts about selling " twenty per cent bi'low cost ;" but siinply annoiiiico the truth : and it will be found that a moderate nuiii, spent in ad- vertising, is a good investinent. With these conditions, there must be close application to business; stocks must be carefully purchased, books always kept in thorough order, the daily siilcs and profits regularly jott«d down, and (credits limited to those who are per- fectly solvent, The head of a business slioiild constan- tly overlook all its departments, and make sine that none of its wheels need greasing. And last, but not least ; the man who aims at success ill business, should be economical without meanncHs, ami alliible without being undignified. Many men signalize their entrance upon some new and important business experiment, by an increased expenditure. IJefore even it is certain that their undertaking will be tcmporalily successful, how often it is, that the family must have a new house ; or the family carriage must be set up T Many a promising business has been cramped, others injured, and not a few mined, by such extravagance ; and far wiser is it to act on the old Scotch iiiaxim : " spend less than yon make, if it's only a shilling p,!r dayt" The keen eomiietition which now I'xists in almost every department of business, renders it ncces- siiry that the business man, particularly tin- new begin- ner, should koej) down his cxpensos to the lowest limit compatible with the proper management of his trade ; and no capital should be permanently wit lidiawii from his business, unless it is quite clear it has accrued from the profits of the concern. A courteous and alliible demeanour is also very necessary to success. Many estimable men cultivate this too little. A clieeiful word has made many a customer ; a chilling manner, many an enemy. This does not involve fliinkeyism ; far from it ; courtesy and affability are not less consistent with true dignity, than essential to business success. When and where the above conditions of success in business are complied with, you will generally find a prosperous business, ond a successful man. It is not denitMl that misfortunes sometimes come which no fore- sight could prevent ; but those are exceiitional cases, and do not account for the numerous failures which take jdace. Let those now in business or about to engage therein, conform strictly to this standard set before them ; and we will guarantee that success in business will be far more general than it is at present. Lbt s[ieeulators make their thousands in a year or a day ; ii 'nd your own regular trade ! If you are a mer- chant, a professionai man or a mechanic, never buy lots or stocks unless you have surplus money to invest. In other words, stick to your own business I 208 II biishel. A tiiiUy ; if you I', which (h(! ciiM piirrliaBU ng " twenty CO th(! trutli : , Rpcnt ill iiil- Nt! CDiuntioiis, incus; stocks iiiys kept ill (its ii'giiiurly who iirii pi-r- oiiid coiistan- kf Riiic tliat iriisiit success iicaiincsH, anil ncn signalize taut hnsiiietis Hefore even i; teinpurulily ,' niiiNt have u be 8(?t lip t mped, otiiers xtravaganou ; 'od'h inaxiin : !i Hhilliiig per >w exists in lers it nece.s- e mnv hegin- ■ lowest limit lit' his trade ; hdiawn fnmi accrued from i and alliible •cess. Many 3heerful word laniier, muuy ikeyisin ; far !8s cunsistcut B success, of success in lerally find a m. It is not hich no foro- itioiial cases, 8 vviiich take it to engage before them ; lincss will be I a year or a )n are a mer- !ver buy lota ) invest. In SMART & SHEPHERD, WHOLIiSALE Hardware Manufacturers, PABALLEL VICES, COACHMAKERS' VICES, FOOT MORTISING MACHINES, CARPENTERS' BORING MACHINES. TAILORS' PRESSING MACHINES, SAW GUMMERS (PRESCOTT'S), STEEL SAW ARBORS, WAREHOUSE TRUCKS, SCHOOL SEATS AND DESKS, JACK SCREWS, BENCH SCREWS, KEEP IJV STOCK CHEESE PRESS SCREWS, CLOTHES WRINGERS, CARPET SWEEPERS, MEAT CUTTERS, MEAT STUFFERS, DOOR BELLS, HORSE RAKES, APPLE PARERS, PAINT MILLS, WINDOW BLIND HINGES, „T/,m«,. ^NO^ FLUTING MACHINES, VICTOR SNOW SHOVELS, AND A LAUGE VARIETY OK CARRIAGEMAKERS' AND BLACKSMITHS' TOOLS SHELF AND MISCELLANEOUS HARDWARE ' rricc Lists fumishecl ojz cip2)Ucaiio7z. OTTO SAUERMANN MANUKACTITRKR OF Croquet Sets, WOOD CARVING, &C. ADDRESS: OTTO SAUERMANN, Paris Ontario. U 111 it '- Am f. 209 Jiii , ,,!■! L. D. SAWYER & CO.'S AORICULTUBAI. WORKS, HAMILTON- Five bronJ acres in tho North-Enstern qunrtor of tlio city of Ilumilton urc devoted to the purposes of tho above named works. Here " grain-saving threshing machines," " combination grain-drills," " Canadian self-raiiing har- vesters," and " iron-chid mowers and reapers," are turned out by the aid of one hundred workmen. Forty years' experience in producing such machines,givo weight to the testimony of the manufacturers, when they indicate tlif competitive merits of each. Without assuming the jtoni tion of advocate of tiie firm, therefore, we shall merely echo their sentiments, by observing that if one kind of thresh- ing machine can, by the saving of grain it edects, as con- trusted with another, thereby defray the cost of thresliing, such a fact is worth knowing. If, also, it can be shovvn that the cleaning arrangements of one such machine are such, that the grain which has passed through it com- mands an extra price, farmers will be likely to appreciiite the circumstance ; if, again, by pccularitius of constnic- tion, it have facilities for handling straw, wet or dry, hmi; or short, headed and bound, as well as such seeds asllax, timothy, &c., it is desirable that purchasers andeni|ilii)ciM should be aware of it. It is, perhaps, needless to affirm that not only all (he foregoing merits are claimed for their "grain-saver," by Messrs. Sawyer & Co., but that they challenge compari- son with other threshing machines in relation to the nceil of repair, the day's work accomplished, and the iiicr.'iise of earningsell'ected. A " combination grain drill," which has obtainad three-and-thirty first prizes ami diplomas at Provincial and other shows, and at many County and Township fairs, may be presumed to merit the trinniphs it has won. The Combination embodies the best featuies of the various United States machines ; and (he Drill is said to possess the twofold claim to notice, involved by its sowing every kind of grain with occuracy as to i|iiiiii'- fity, and witli regularity of discharge. The third implement we have named as worthy of special note, is the " Canadian Harvester." This macliiiie has won itself a character during the last two harves(s for adaptation to tho driver, to the team, the surface of (he ground, and to the growth and condition of the grain Its sponsors promise and vow that it will serve its em- ployers best, when and where they need it most. When these works were commenced, a single horse sufficed for tlie heavier operations of the establishment ; that power is now multiplied by forty. In passing through the works, wo were reminded of a circumstance which at- tracted some attention at the exhibition of 18.51, viz., the numerous instances wherein men of one vocation mani- fest an adaptation for another. We saw a potato digger, tlio invention of an emancipateil parson, who rejoices in the name of Dawtinhimer ; this had been ajiproved by the Commissioners of the Centennial Exhibition and has been sent to Philadelphia. 210 We had supposed that ut a distance of some five hun- dred miles from salt water, wo were beyond the range of iron-dads, until, on exploring Messrs. Sawyer's works, we found ourselves confronted with a genuine specimen ; its vocation is happily to mow hay and grain, instead of ranksof men; the more striking featuresofthi8"iron-clad" consist in the frame being of a solid piece of iron, and consecpiently without bolt or screw ; it is go constructed, as to inclose the gear ; the platform can bo swung behind the machine by simply unhooking the pitman ; it is thus easily transfernid from field to field, and can be taken through narrow barns and gates with as much ease as can a single mower ; the quadrant table is the only one so constructed as toadmitof being fohied out of the way. The shafdng o( " the iron clad " is secured to the frame and as that is of a single piece there can be no warping or springing as is the case when the frame is of wood or of |)iece8 of wrought iron. One of thest; is on exhibition at the (Vnteimiid. A SHOUT .s|.;i!.MON FOR RUSINKSS MEN. 'l\-\\ ;— " A Birew toOHO Hi)lno\rlicre." Tlirre is a l.iige class of |)er,s(iiis in Cinad.i, as in every ""i''"' Iry, wliohaveliideilifficuKy in making money, but who never become any richer, and not unfre(|uently end by becoming insidveids. This particular class are generally well-behaved mendjcrs of society ; in most cases, iiiduslrloiis, an JV Agrmltural Works, m SAWYER'S CANADIAN HARVESTEE AT WORK IN LODGED AND TANGLED GRAIN. L. D. SAWYER & CO., MANUKACTIIREIJS ()F IJVOJV CLJID MO WEKSSr MlEJtPKRS, Tvto of which are on Eihibition at the Centennial €AWABIftK '' SElF*iAiC SIMeiE iftlfESf EiS, Ilaniilton Champion Grain Dnlis, AND "Oll.VirV S.V^-J.-|t- lluesliing Maelii,ie«. Send for Illustrated Catalogue. Hamilton- nnt2ii-i/^ *?h u .3 'r'J iti real estate, luive roiiiid licfoio tlioy went fur, that there was " a screw loose somewhere." Fine resideiices nro desiriiblo, real estate is often profitable ; but neitiier are (lesirnble nor profitable to those who lannot spare the capital to invest in them. How often is it the case, how- ever, that tile particular cliiss to which reference is made, comnienco to build costly private residences, invest in real estate, or set up the family carriage T Their busi- ness, it may be, is doing well, but its profits are drawn upon too largely, for investmeiKs of a permanent and doubtful elmracter, and tliey go on from year to year, foolishly 8(piandering with one hand what they make with the other. The long-winded credit sysfem, is aiio(|i,.r rock, upon which mnny a good business, with aiicasy-goiug, five- speuding maniiger, ir Hliauded. This evir is double- headed, for it injures lot only the seller, but the cus- tomer ; tlie debtor ac well as tin; creditor. Those who want credit, almost invariably pay cxhoibitant prices for what they purc|.-,se. They are (iei|ueu(ly mulcted in heavy interest, ami their iiMlcbt.'duess has, C(Hmequ hiiiidr.'d and fifty hands are employed ill this estalilisjimcnr. Il\su your property at all times fully insured. From a nc<;h'ct III this caution, thoiisands are annually ruined. Insiiie at those oflices thai have the repnialion of paying claims honourably and punctually, even if you give u higher iircniinni. It is related of (.Jirard that upon u young trader, having bought and paid for a bagof coHee, proceeding to wheel it home himself, the shrewd old merchant iiim-e- diately oflered to trust bis new customer to as many more bags as be might desire. The trait of character revealed in the young niau had made his reputation with Qirard. He becamoa favoured dealer with the millionaire, throve rapidly and amassed a fortune. l'oi.iTBNK8.s is tho distinctive attribute of u gentle- man — rudeness, of a boor. The man who is addressed with civility, and replies with rudeness, gives utterance to his innate brutality. Tho bear growls its character- istic utterances. Politeness has becomes a primary law ill all eminent mercaiitili} houses. It characterizes the intercourse of the narings, Itothschilds, Saboucheres, and all of the most highly respectable houses. Debt is a jierfect bore. How it haunts a man from pillar to post — lurking in his breakfast cup — poisoning his dinner — Dinbitters bis tea ! — sours his domestic joys —and constantly stalks ii[>oii him like a living, moving skeleton recounting his liabilities. Keep out of it. What an Honest Insolvent Did.— Dr. Franklin relates the following anecdote of Mr. Denliatn, an Ame- rican merchant, with whom he once weiitoa a passenger to Englnnd. " He had iomierly," ho says, " been in h;i8iiie8s in Hristol, had failetl in debt to a number of people, conipoiindeil and went to America ; there, by close application fo business, iw a merchant, he acquired o plentiful fortune in a few years. Heturning to Kngland in the ship with me, ho invited his old creditors to an entertainment, at wliici he thanked them tor the easy composition they had fiivoiiivd him with ; and, when they expecte.l nothing but the treat, every man, at the first remove, found under his plate an oiih'r on a banker (or the full amount of the unpaid remainder with in- terest." We are afraid this race! of men has died out. I{.\NK ui- TIIK I'KINCII'AL STATIOS OF THE WOULD. The following table exhibits the rank of the principal states of the world. First, arcordiiig t„ population; and, second, according to territorial extent. It will be seen that (treat Itritain conies second in both cases, (.'hiiia being hist in population and Itnssia in size:— STATES. 1 elilm-ffo Kmiiirp. , •i llrlli«h hiiipirt' . . 3 KuKxiiiti Kiiiiiln', . 4 iiiTiiimiiy lliiiti^sialua H Kntiiau. 7 AuHlila.Huiii;Hry.. N Tutkay U .laiiaii M iluly II .Spain H Slain la llnull U Mi'Xlco l-'i Swi-tl.'u anil NurHay.. III IM«nim 17 l'i-«la IS IVrtunal ID NMIiiirlaniia •Jl) I'pru 'il Columbia XI Hurucoo U Swltirrlandl M V(^m'2uula a> ri.ni tlO Uunntark a; llollvia *2 llW.Kli.liW Na.iia.OTi 4i.i>f«,iau ax.w^n.sii »l,4"ll,«76 3fj,i«i,4:« H'i,.'l.'it),tMiO ;i.'ii..»l1.Sil 11 MMI.dllU 'J.17iHWi f..i«>f.,f.ia 6,ti«7.Iil6 4.4IKI.IWI ;i.mt>,i!a .•i.uiri iiio it.liftl.lNH) a,7ai,478 1I,75CI.(IUI 3,lilU,174 S.'Jiai.uiil i.iw.Kia 1,7H4,74I i.iaii.va 1.4f>7.W)4 l,a«l,lklU 1 l{itK.>lan Kmiilro a KrIIUi Kni|>lri. 3 Mltiii>M> Kniplrv 1 riiilcil hiatiij r. Ill B/.1I (I Tnrkoy 7 M<'.slco ! » lVr«ia y ArfTi-iitinu OnifiHli'rn ti.ui 1" IVrn 11 llulivia 12 CiliiniMa in Vciirziirfa , II Sw.hK'ii 1111(1 Nurway, 16 Slam ' Hi Chili ;; 17 AuKtria-lluugary IH Muroccu lu Ocrinatiy Ift) Fraiicti 21 Spain Ita Japan •a Italy 24 CaruKiinv ." 25 I'orlut^af 311 (Jntice 27 SwIUrrland '.'. 28 IN'ninark 29 Ni'therlands 30 UulKiimi Area In Kng- li'li Hi|. Mllra. 7,»ii.ain 4.ii77.4.-a 1).1I3I.CM7 <'l.i>«.K44 8,IIHl,l(>4 1,H12.U4H l,liai.443 l 12,71111 4:a,;iiNi 4^12,411(1 aii»,23(i 2)W.77I 2r(U,iio(> 2:ti,m}(i 2211,411)1 2UI.1JIIII 2I2.II»I 2111.1(1(1 1X3.768 iM.aH 1I2,«;7 fi7,aoa iii>,fjiii lU.Ml 14,r,6o 18,4IH l.',2(i7 MANITOBA. A province of the Dominion of Canada, bounded on tlm S. by the United States, and on tlieN. E. and W. by the North West Territories of the Dominion. It extends from 49° to 50» 30 N. lat., and from i)G° to 9!)" W. Ion., and comprises an area of 14,340 sipiare miles, or 9,177,- 000 acres. Tho name Manitoba, taken from a large lake, a part of which lieo m the province, is a contraction, made by the old French Canadian voyageurs, of the Creo word Mttiiito-wabun. Manito signifies supernatural, divine spirit ; and waban means a strait. As the waters of a strait, in that lake oro agitated in an unusual way, the Indians believed formerly there was therein gomething supernatural, a spirit that moved tlioni, and so they called the lake Manitowaban. J 214 t III u |)ng8tiiigi!r lays, " been in :o a number of icji ; there, by t, liuiu'i|nin!(l a iiig tu Kri^'liiiid iTi'ilitorN to iin Ml (or I lie ciiNy li f mill, wlit'ii ly niiiM, lit the n uii )i bunker lulur with in- ns (lied out. KS Ol' THE ' the pririeipiil i> liij|Mihitiiin ; It. It will bo n both ca»eH, in size : — Am In Knjr. Iloli M<|. Mll». ".Rfll.SHI 4.il77,4.)a a.'.iai.ia: u.»i:i..'m U,I(H>,IH I.HV2.HH M8,UU0 616.700 6 RICHD. SMARDON. JAS. A. YOUNG THE BOOT AND SHOE TRADE. The Huddon rise and success of the boot nn., «lioc tiadti is one of the greatest triumphs of nmiuifiicturerg in Caiifidtt, and Montreal, as usual, is in the van, not so much in tho number, but in the nuignitudu of her fiiclor- ies, the large amount of capital invested, the thouxiinds to whom employment is afforded, and tho immense value of the annual product. To form some idea of the impor- tance to Canada of the boot and shoi^ trade \vc will (irst quote some statistics from the Census of Ks7l, by vvliioh it will be found that in the four Provinces of Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia there were 4,191 factories, employing 18,729 hands, and paying yearly wages of 84,169,850. The value of the raw material was «7,927,156, and of tho manufactured article 816,138,039. Of this immense amount of trade Mon- treal does rather more than one third, although her fac- tories only number 117. Employment is given by these factories to 2,891 males and 2,284 females, whose annual wages aggregate $1,140,579. Tho value of the raw material is 82,701,122, and of the manufactured article 85,073,415. The value of the goods produced in Mon- treal was over 8050,000, more than the total amount produced in the whole Province of Ontario, tho amount there being 85,025,455. The great extent of this great industry in Montreal naturally leads us to consider how boots and shoes are mode ; and in order to get at some idea of the modus operamli we will take a walk together through the Mammoth establishment of Messrs. .Staf- ford & Co., No. 6 Lemoine street, Montreal, and then; find out as well as we can how boots and shoes are made by machinery. We stand "ii front of a handsome cut stone building, six storeys high, with a high bas<>- ment. The building has a frontage of twenty-eiirht (i-et on Lemoine street, by a depth of sixty, and is most substantially finished throughout. Entering at the lirst floor we find the offlce, packing and shipping room, which is 80 filled with coses ready for traMsniission fo all parts of the Dominion that navigation is rather dilli- cult, and one is apt to get into a cid ih sac ofciises, unless he has tho kindly guidance of Mr. HtafTord to con- duct him to the spiral iron stairs leading to tlu; cellar, where the engine, boiler, stamper, skiver, roller, S:c., are located. The engine is of ten liorse power and funiishes ample force for running the various machines. This is tlie sole leather room ; let us see what liiippens to a side of leather when it gets in here. It is (Irst cut lengthwise and then passed to the stamper, who place" it on a block of wood, over which is a steel knife, sljuped like the sole of a shoe of the size required ; the machine is run by steam, and by touching a lever a heavy pres- sure is brought on the leather, and a sole is stamped out ; so rapidly is this done that sixty cases of five dozen each (or seven thousand two hundred soles) can be stamped by one man in a day. The soles are next taken to the skiver where the edges are trimmed and the bottoms scraped, after which they pass through a roller to hankn the leather and are then ready to be tit^l up in dozens, marked with the immlMtrof tho sizes, and wnt up stairs to be attached to the tops, a process we will describe by and by. Those portions of tho leather which are too small to form a soht are cut for " dumps," or double soles, as they are more generally called outside of the trade, Tlie little scraps or waste are used as fuel, and burn as well as coal, so that every part of the skin is uti- lized. Ascending to the office floor wo take the steam lioist and are soon on the second flat, which is used us u cutting room for "uppers." Jlesars. StalU)rd A- Co. have all their work cut by hand, and some two dozen men or so can be seen at work "utting the calf skins, prunella, itc, whi(^h is to fiirm the unper |..irtlon of the boot, sliot^ or slipper, as the case may lie. These uppers are made up in packages of ,1 dozen each, with linings, and sent out to be sewed together, thert? not being room in the building for tho large number of hands necessary to per- form this portion of the mauufiu'ture. Messrs. Stidlbrd & Co. have three shops in the suburbs wlieresewing is done and furnish enqdoyment in that way to over two hundred hands, while about one hundred more are engaged in the various departments of the Lemoine street establishment. On the uppers returning they are taken to the pegging room on tiiird floor, where tlie tops ami bottoms are put together. In this room are three pegging machines which can peg over one hundred dozen pairs a day. This peggir)g machine is very curious, and some of our readers who wear pegged boots may be surprised to know tluit the pegs do not go into the machine as pegs at all, but in the form of a strip of thin wood, about ten feet long, sharpenc^d on one edge and rolled up like the web of papt^r used in telegraph otlices. The boot is put on a last, bottom up, when the macliiue puin'hes a hole, cuts a peg from the .strip and ilrives it in, and so rapidly that it does not take over a minute to peg a pair of lioots. These strips of wood are inqmrted from the United States, as the nianufacturt^ in Canada has never lieeii successful. From the pegger the boots next jiass to the bottonier, then to the heeler, and finally to the finisher, where they are conq)letod, with one exception. Nearly every one who has worn pegged boots has, at. some time or other, liad one where some of the pegs came through the inside of the sole and made it very uncomfortable walking ; thisis, to agreat extent, obviated by the peg-breaker who scrapes the inside of each boot on a rougli sort of file, such as is generally foimd in retail slioe stores. Tlie fourth story is devoted to machine sewing and is fnrnisheil with one of McKay's imtent machines for soling, which is capable of turning out about f.en cases of live dozen each a day. The pro- cess is similar to pegging. We next roach the fifth Hat, which is used as a stock room for long boots ; and ascending for the last time reach the sixtli story, which is used for treeing and finisliing, blacking, &c. We once more get into the hoist and descend to tie first flat; 216 I !(' alitor to liurclcii lip in di)7.iit lip Htiiira will (leHcrilio wliicli iiro loo pH," or (loiiblii llltNidi! of flit' ■ll IM fllfl, illHl lio Hkiii \h uti- iikn Hio Htt'iiin ll iM iiNcil iiH a tiidipnl & Co. rt'C)llo/.»'ll lIU'll iiii8, priiiK'lla, tlio lioof, nIioc irrs lire niiidi' iigH, iind wilt room ill tilt- t'ssiiiy to pcr- ^rs. Stadbril & Mtwiiig is dolK! ' two hundred iigiiged ill till- '8tid)liHliiiit>iit. n the pegging ttoiiig lire put ing niiiciiines pairs a day. I Home of onr ! surprised to rliiiie as pegs od, about ten d up like the le boot is put iiclies a hole, lid so r.'ipidly |)eg a pair of ,'d from the da iiiui never ts next pass iinlly to the le exception, joots hiia, at of the pegs nade it very eiit, obviated of eacli boot crally found i devoted to of McKay's e of turning . The pro- lie lifth Hat, boots ; and itory, which , &c. We tie first flat) J ¥. STAFFORD & Wholesale Manufacturers of No. 6 Lemoine Street, MONIBEAL, P.Q. ll 21T i I- '■ wi'll pli'iiwd witli our fdortn to (iml out liow hooN ami gllooK lire lumli', iifiilCfcliiifjmciitly olili^nl lo llir uiitinic proprii'tor, Mr. \V. Sdilliinl, (or lim coiirliMy in Hliowing UH tlirou^li the |irt>iiiiM'N iiiiil IiIn rlliirlH to voiivt-y ouiiiu iduii of'liow tlic lliiiifj w.iHiloiii' " Id our i>litii»i- iiiidcr- Btiuitliiif^. The cNliildisliiMrfii liiM Hirer Corcmni, Mi'ssrs. Itulluiuore, Cwlifux itiid I.i'unard. SlIKAr.'KlJ'S, Mir.LS. JuiiiCH .Shi'iiror, iiiauiiliti'tiiri'r otdoorM, saHlicH, hliuds, iiioiiidiiiKH, arcliitnivi'M, and all kliidx ol I mc liiilNliliigx. 8t(>ainl)oitt oabin work |ir«>|iarfd and lith'd up in ilni nioitl modfrii»tyli'sto.'ringsvln'.'ls, ,<;(•., Ac. Kstabli.slio.lin ls.-,:>. Till) factory and oHii'o iiru Nituatcd at St. (JaUricI LocKn, Moiitreul. Till! bnildinuM arc built oC brick, four Hton^K ill hcigbt, audarctlicIarncNand lincst faclory biiildingM ttt St. OabricI I.ockn. Tlicrc is also a Htcain saw mill in connection with the (iictory, ami every tiling to make it one of the most c pletc establishments of the kind in Montronl. The firm do an extensive business, giving cinploynient to one hnnilred and filly men. Their build- ing8urenumeronsalsolimibcryards,Ae.,allor which cover over nine acres of ground. Sieain ami water-power iiru used iu the factory. The agricultural capabilities of its soil cannot bi? ex- ceeded for many things. Tiio most part of the province is prairie land perfectly level ami diversihi'd by groups of elm, ash, oak, poplar, basswood, and ash-lcaC niiipfe, (negondo frosi ni folia.) It is a rich, black mould resting partly on a limestone formation and partly on a thick coat of hard clay. Araniire, not indispensable at fust, is as useful here as elsewhere. It has not been used much so far, on account of the large amount of land possessed by each of the inhabitants, which uirciimstaiice enables them to sow the same grain for several years running. Wheat ripens iu 110 days and gives an average return of 20 to 2-5 bushels to the acre. All kinds of garden veg.'ta- bles, OS well as oats, barley, Indian corn, hops, llax, hemp, potatoes, and other root crops are easily niised. The grassy savannas of I{ed River atlbrd unlimited pasturage ranges, as long as uni)louglie<1. The climate of Manitoba, though very severe in win- ter, is nevertheless occasionally hot in summer. The ineau for the three winter months of December, Janu- ary aiidFebruary, is 5° below"; and for thesummennonths June, July and August, 05°. Though the winter is ex- tremely cold, it is mitigated by a clear, dry atmosphere. A population more healthy than the Manilobans cannot be met anywhere. The province is entirely Jevel, and so much so that it is void of any scenery whatsoever. The principal rivers are the Assiniboine, iso miles long, and Red River, (iOr. miles long, .'Jo.'-, of which are in the United St^ites. Tin, argest lakes (onlya partof which, however, are in Manitoba) are Winnipeg, -jHt) miles long and ') lo .07 niib's wide, and Manitoba, 110 miles lung and •.'■) wide. Manitoba is divided into four electoral districts for I )iimiiil(10 miles. Every bonfl-fide setthir receives a homestead or a free grant of KiO acres of land. This section of North America was first visited by the French Chevalier do la Vtjrandryo built a fort at the 818 10 iiiilci lung I iliNli'ii^tN tor r, Lis;;!!!', ;iiii| to till' llmiNi' Kurt, r, t'lwiuff rd lliHli(>|) of ij;Ht St..litlin, r. a l.iciiti'iiant lior", i» Lf^i«- for lite, anil* lltTH, l>!()(!tO(l C'liicf Justicu ill Manitoba. iroiiH. Tbviy nliout 3,()U0 Iral, fourtoeii I Hiiil about bur cluirE;tut 11 MtithodintM i»(ly progriiHH. H mill Nume ioiial iiifititu- (Church of mi Ivililoimu :aiit Luiliuti' aiiioiigHt tliu 111 Oatliolics. A largo C'oii- j[ ludioa, an 'iiieu. Ttio y noiiiiria- cstabllHliud t flarry and an Northern 'aul, Moore- ladian route ini Montreal way is built ad or a free lited by the fort at the Shearer's Mills ST. GAnUli:L LOCKS, LACIIINE CANAL.' MAMIKACTIJKEH OK Doors, Sashes, Blinds, Moulding-s, Architraves, A.3VID ZS.X3V13S OOEf iU HOWSEJINISHING. steamboaFcabitn work Prepared and Fitted up in the most Modern Style STEERING WHEELS, N.B.-AII kinds of SAWN LUMBER constantly on Hand. r I'; n I! ULOIIK WORKS. M.NI.IM. .SkiiiiiiT .V Co., iimiiiirmdin-rH nl Hcydi.H, •iMiillicN, liiuiii'Horiill kiiiiU, uniiii rriiillcH, ami iii'ii liiir- VCHlciK, were I'MliililiNhnl in |s.(o, ami in mm tilllir oMihI, liiariiilai'liiriii'; I'NlaliliMliint'iilN ol tlm kiiiil in thu Doiniii- iiiii. Their lailiiry In HiliiaWil at lln' toiilliiiMicf id' lli.i Si, |,a\vri ramhlaiia |iiit HiviTH, covering ulioiil (wo acivH .)! urmiiicl ainl i{iviii|H flnpltiyiniMil. to moiih' thirly or till I V liamls. imiiilliol llii',\NNiiiilioiii)> ill 17,11. 'I'Ih' |''n.|ii'lii'oiitiiiiir.l to trail.' tlii'ii" aloiii' liir many y<'iii«, hut in 17(17 thu Hint Kii^liNh tradiTH viNJtcil it, ami nooii wvcial rival roiii- piiiiii'N wtTf in operation. Tliew fiimljy ilwimlleil Into the liinioiiN North West. (V ,i|(aiiy, whirli in itH turn watt almorlied hy the IIiiiImoh'n Hay < 'oiii|iiiny, eharteieil hy KiiiK CharleN 11 in |r.7(). The latter eoiii|iiiny I, .viiij,' Molil a traet of land to the lion. TIioiiiiim Doii^daM, Karl of Selkirk, on hoth Nides id' the AHNiniboiiie and of the Ked River, liiMlordHhi|i planted there, in |sia, acolony kiiow^i by the name of Selkirk .Settlement, Red Itiver .Settle- ment, or also AsHiiiihoia. In ls;)(i the HuiIhoii'm IJay Company repiiri-liaHed from the heirs of Lord .Selkirk the wime traet of land ceded to his lonlship in |s||, ami eontimied to exercise authority over that portion of ftu- pert's Land hy the appointment of the (loveriior ami Coiineil of Assiiiihoia, wliieh, in course of time, espeei- ally aller the settlers had deelarei! inilepeiideiiee id trade in I sill, formed a rather iiidepeiideiit administration liir tlm local allairii in the colony, thu liniitM of which ex- tended hilt lillty niilen around Kort (larry. Ft is that colony that now forms the gri'iitest [(art of the new [iro- vinci! of .Manitoba. The lliidsoii'ii Hay ('iimpany never rlaiined any pro- prietary rights on the North West Territories proper. Thcik! territories formerly inchidod nothing but thu laiuU east of the Hocky MountaiiiM, watered hy the rivers run- ning towards the Arctic .Seii. Thu Charter of thu Com- pany merely iiicludeil Rupert's Laud, ». e., thu lands waterud by the tributaries of Uiidson's Hay. Tliesi! two ininieime portions of country oiitsidiM)!' the province of Manitoba arc now known hy thu same name of North West Torritorios. Ill March, ISti'J, the Hudson's Hay Company agreed to hand to the Imperial fiovermncnt their teriitorial rights and governing r«spoMHib'';tios, ami on the Kith of July, 1S7(), Knglund handed tho whole to thu Canadian goverii- iiieiit. It was during that period that the Red River trouble took place. The traiiga/itiong between England and (.'anada, as well as th« Hudson's Bay Company, hav- ing been made without consulting and even paying any attention to the government and people of A*. RIVAL ROUTK.S To THK KA.ST. Compelilion has begun in earnest between the rival routes from Western Kiirope to thu Kast; India, (Jhina, .lapaii, and the Australian Colonies. There appears gooil reason to believe that a large |iortioii of the travel, and even trallic with tlies.i countries, will eventually pass over the American continent. At |.resent, the Austra- lasian and Anierican Steamship Company despatch vessels regularly every mouth, for Australia; and the Pacific Mail line, ami the (Jbina Traiis-I'acilic. Company send three vessels per month to China and Japan. When our own Canadian Pacific Railroad is fmished, there will, un- iloubtedly, sooner or later, be established liuesof steam- ships from Victoria, Ilritisb Columbia, to those countries of tho Orient, and tho attractions of the American route will be greatly increased. In fiict, there is reason to hope that the Caimdiaii route will bo the shortest, cheapest, and most expeditious N, India, China, and Japan, and consciinently become the favourite. Tho a.lvantjvges of the jirewmt Anierican ;oute over that by the Suez canal are said to bo as follows : DirtTAKCllH, Tmw, Ann rAKIA. I'm .SVr Koulr. IVd Amrriem Kimti' To Vokdhiima I I,'2i!s' Mlmnnlwi |(i,|t|s lloiiif Kmig ii,ii4s Aurklillid 13,ariO My'lnoy II.KIIB Mi'lbuunio II, -ISO MilPs. niiys. Faro Milm. Dttvi. Fnrp. M ■ti»:i ll,:iH2 .it jf72 i'l ll« 13,(133 47 »i •IS 1)3 nfWi 411 Hi M ina la.joo 44 m fi' S8 1.I/JM 47 sr. B'i 88 ia,780 48 87 A MiM-iDNAiRK's Maxims.— The New Orleans million- airo, John McDonoiigh, had the following engraved on his tombstone as the maxims which led him to riches and honour. " Remember always that labour is one of tho conditions of your existence. Time is gold, throw not m Gnnanoqiic, Ontario, ^IfliJir ^m,IIM '^M & #N:r vJadL^yi IJ^«43 MANUFACTURERS OI." ^'ff^,^ T ft fr <§> ^ ^ ^ ffms of all kinds, *aiu Cr jSL-lfQiy PEA HARVESTERS, ®©Ilil fO)P Pp|o 'If P U I ■J'. TIIK VrOTOUIA WIUNOKR WORKS. niorkvill..,( )„(.,.!. li.SMiilli, maiia,!r„r, wns ..slal.liHlie.l "I i^H. Tlic liu'tory aii.l ..lli.(. tuf situated on Kiiiciidc sti-eot, ill til., town of liiockvil!,,, a.lju.x.iit to Si.iart & SIh.|.1um-,I, «-M,.,i,llnn; to t|„, Itivoi- St. I/uvriMioe. The biMl.liniriMorrranip, (vvN) ,111,1 a lmlr.st.)r..v.s in lu.i^.jit, forty foot N.|Maiv. Th,. (iiiii iimk." wiiiigrrs aii.l Nwooprrs a sponalty, wliiH, a.v slii,.|„.,| all over tlio Doniiiijoii. From twelve to lifteen iiini lin.l employMieiit in this eii- fei|.iisiMg e.s(al.lishiii..|i(, iisinn ten horse steam power. II. T. SMITH. The liielory of Mr. JI. T. Smith for makiiiirso.la water inarliiiiery and .soda water fountains of all kinds, as well ns brass limn.linu, steam filtin-, .Ve., Wiw established in l>->^. The (ii.lory and ollie.i is at 1 1 and l;j Kii/.al.eth St., Tonuito. The factory is built ofbriek, four str.reys in height, haviii!; a frontage of !(• feet by l;tO deep, using thirty horse steam power. 'i'liis is the only soda water liiaehine mamiliutory in the Dominioi,, ami make both thi' English and Ameii.'an style, ami aiv e.pial in stylo iiml Imish to any (invigii so.la water maehim.. Some of them are now on exhibition at the Centennial, I'hiladel- plna. Twenty men liii.l employment in this eslabli.sh- ineiit. "' ''""'« ""•■•ly, but plaee each to account. I to all men us you woul.l be done liy. Never put off (ill |o- iiiomnv what can be don,, to-day. Never bid another ,lo what yo.i can do yourself. Never covi.f what is not your own. Never think any m,iU,.r so trilling as not to .leserve notice. Never giv<. out lii.it which .loe.H not lirst come in. Never spend but to produce. Let the greatest order l-egnl.d.' the transactions of your lite, Stmly in your course in lifeto ss 8|iolti>n, A iriolion or n (cht : lifts nniMi lii'nicil* hoiirl ilinl':! hrolion Ami iiniltt' arrirnd Hjiict'ii'. '' A wealthy merchant having experienced some liard reverses wliicl. caused his bankruptcy, was mot some tune after hm misfortune by a friend, who enquired how lie was getting on t " Pretty well " said be, " I am on my legs again." " How t Already?" " Yes, I have been obliged to iiart with my couch and horses " and now have to walk. A genuine scoundrel isa man who, by professioiiHofsimc- tity, obtains credit, and who, with all bis religious pro- fessions, keeps back propiMty from his legitimate credi- tors. niiiliie haste to be rich is urged as the primary cause of half the liiilures. A resort to speculation will proba- bly take most of the balance. A legitimate business, carefully attended to, rarely fails to secure a profit. Feimai.ks A.S Cleuks.— The employment of ladies in re- tail dry gomls 8tor<.s is becoming very general. And it is a business they can do Iwitter than men. Tlioy are more active and e.vpert in bandling dry good.s, more tasteful in folding and arranging them, more polite and conciliatory to cnstonier.s, and have better taste in all mutters relating to dress. On the other hand, young men should be employed in more active and manly labor, Measuring od' calicoes and tjipe is too light a task for their physical eoiistitntion. We are decidedly in favor of this branch of woman's rights being conceded to them. It would give employiiK.iit at pod wag(.8 to a great many young l.idies, and would bo degrading to none willing to earn a living CITIKS OF CANADA. The iiopulation of the cities of Canada iii 1871, with the ratio of increase during the inevious decade, were as liillows : l'ori;i.ATioN. Miintrcat, THK Ocn^KRNMKNT OF CANADA. THE lloVKRNOKdgNI'aAl. AND STACP : tJoveriior-deiierul— His E.vci'lleiicy the Right Honor- alde.Sir Krederi.'k Tempi.', Karl of DidK.rin, Knight of the Most llliLstrious Onl.'r of .Saint "atrick, ami Knight •'i naii.h'r of the most Honorable Order of the liath. liorii :>l .lime, 1820. Edm^ated at Fton (Allege and <.'hrist(!liurcli, Oxford. Married l>;t October, 18(13, Harriot Oeorgiiia, eldest .laugbtt^r of Archibald Rowan Hamilton, Fs.|., of Killyl.-uh Castle, (Vunty Down. Siicceedeil as •Otli Huron Duirerin and Clandeboye, in the Peerageof Ire- land, on the death of his father, a I July, 1841 . Created Baron Clandeboye of the United Kinstdom, 1S50; an. 222 VICTOR WRINGER CO., BROCKVILLE, ONTARIO. SJIXTH, Mcmage-r. JT R. The VICTOR Wringer is a first- class machine, re- quiring only one- half the power to turn of other wringers, a child . can wring a bed quilt with the Victor aa easily as a towel by other wringers, and is geared upon both ends so that no strain comes upon the clothes. 1 he VICTOR Carpet Sweeper is acknowledged by the thousands that are using it to be the best in use, is got up in the best of style, doing away with dusting, &c. Send for Circular. H. T. SMITH, M^J^U^'ACTURER OF Soda Water Machinery & Fountains STEAM mid GAS-FITTER, AND PROPEIETOE OP THE TORONTO STEAIVI SODA WATER MANUFACTORY. '■ml U . %\ 228 CO u Earl of Duflbrin and Viscount Cluiideboye both of tlie United Kingdon), 1S70. Was a Lord in Waiting to the Queen, from 1849 to 1852, and from 1854 to XS-'i'^ ; attached to E.irl Russell's special mission to Vienna, February, 1S55 ; Rritish Commissioner in Syria, 18(10 ; Under Secretary of State for India from 1SC4 to lS(i(>, and for War, from 1866 to following year ; and Chancellor of tlio Duchy of Lancaster and Paymaster-General, from 1868 to 1872. Appointed Lord Lieutenant of the County Down, 1864 ; and Governor-General of the Dominion of Canada, 22 May, 1872. (Salary, ^10,000 stg.) Is Honorary Colonel of the North Down Rifles. Author of "A Tour in Ireland duringtho Famine," 1847; "Letters from High Latitudes," 1857; "Irish Emigration, and Tenure of Land in Ireland," 1867 ; " Notes on Ancient Syria," 1867; "An Examination of Mr. Mill's Plan for the Pacification of Ireland," 1668 ; " Enquiry into (he State of Ireland," 1869. Residences :—"ClandoI)oye," Holy wood, County Down, Ireland ; *' Rideau Hall," New Edinburgli, Ottawa ; Citadel, Quebec. STAFF : Secretary of the Governor- General— Ucittcmnt Colonel the Honorable Edward George Percy Littleton, Grenadier Guards. Eldeat son of the second Baron Ilatherton, by Lady Margaret Percy, youngest daughter of George, lil'lh Duke of Northumberland. Born 1-5 August, IS42. Educated at Eton College. Married Charlotte Louisii, daughter of Sir Charles Rowley, Baronet, and tlie Honorable Lady Rowley, of Tendring Hall, SuHblk, England. Entered the army, 1861, and was in Canada V -th the Brigade of Guards, from January, 1862, to Cl 'tember, IS64. Is a Deputy Lieutenant and Justice ol I'uace for County of Staffordshire. Has been Super- intendent of the Military Gymnasia, London, England ; Instructor of Musketry to 2nd Battery Grenadier Guards; and Regimental Adjutant to the Grenadier Guards. Appointed to present office, 27 October, ls75. (Salary, $2,400).— "Rideau Cottage," New Edinburgh ; Travc^ilerM' Club, Pall Mall, London, England ; Guards' Club, do do ; Eastern Departmental Building, Ottawa. Military S«cre/ary.— Licutsnant Colonel the Honoraiile Edward George Percy Littleton, Grcnadiiir (Juinds. Appointed to present office, 27 October, 1875. Sanu' addresses aa above, .4i'(i(;-(fe-Cawp.— Frederick T. Rowan Hamilton, Es- quire,Lieutcnant, 9th R«gimont. Entered tlie army, 1868. Served at the Cape of Good Hope from May, 1 868, till September, 1870. Appointed Aide-de-Camp, 28 October, 1872.— "Rideau Hall," New Edinburgh ; Eastern Depart- Building, Ottawa. il(V/c-rfc- Caw/).— Robert Frederick Ward, Es(|uire, Lieutenant (retired), R.N. Captain, North Down Rifles Militia. Entered the Royal Navy December, 1859. Served as Midshipman in II. M. S. Niic, bearing the flag of Vice- Admiral Sir Alexander Milne, K. C. B. on the North American and Westlndian Station, from, January, 1861, to March, 1864; as Midshipman and Sub-Lieutenuiit in II. M. S. Hector in Chaimel Squadron, from June, 1864, to March, 1867 ; as Sub-Lieutenant in H. M. S. Minotaur, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral F. Warden, C- B., Com- manding Channel Squadron, from May to Jime, 1867 ; as Sub-Lieutenant in 11. M. Royal Yacht Vidoria and AUwrt, from June to August, 1867 ; promoted to rank of Lieutenant 2.'iAugu8t, same year, and served in that rank in H. M. S. Minotaur, bearing the flags of Rear-Ailniiral F. Warden, C. B., and Vice-Admiral Sir Tims. Syinonds, K. C. B., Commanding the Channel Squadron, from .Tan- ■uary, 1868, to June, 1870 ; retired on a pension, Decem- ber, 1871. Appointed Captain Royal North Down Ififles Militia, January, 1874; appointed Aide-de-Canip 24 Oct- ber, 1873. AccompaiiMid General Smyth in his journey across the Continent, 1875.— "Rideau Hall," New Edin- burgh ; Eastern Departmental Building, Ottawa. Extra i4»/(-rfe-C(j/Hj).— Lieutenant Colonel Hewitt Bernard, C. M. G., Major late Civil Service Rifle Volun- teers. Entered Volunteers Service as Lieutenant, Nov- ember, 1855; appointed Captain, 1867 ; Major, 1860; Deputy Judge Advocate General 18(i() ; Lieutenant Col- onel (unattached), IS66; extra Aide-de-Camp to Gover- ner-General, Canada, January, 1866 ; gazetted do to Oovcrnor-freuerul of the Dominion, October, 3, 1868 ; appointed by H. M. the King of Spain a Knight Com- mander of the Order of "Isabel la Catolica," 1872; appointed by tlie Queen a Coniiiaiiioii of the OrderofSt. Michael and St. George, siinie year ; is Deputy of the Minister of Justice of the Doiiiiiiioii, and a Queen's Counsel.— Metcalfe St.,Ottawa; Rideau Club, do; British Service Club, St. .lames' London, England.; Eastern I >epartnienlal Building. Ultra Aidt-de-Camp — Lieutenant-Colonel Frederi('k William Cumberland, C. E., late C-.donel 10th "Royals" (Volunteers,) Toronto. Represented Algoma in Canada House of Commons, from 1871 until lissoliition, 1872; and same seat in Ontario Assembly, from 18ti7 until general election, 1N75. Appointed Extra Aide-de-Canip to Governor General, Canada, .Tanuary, 1865; gazetted do. to do. of Dominion, 3 October, 1868 "Peudarvis," Toronto ; Toronto Club; Rideau Club. Prirntv Smilary.—WiiUcT Reginald Baker, Esq. Appointed to present office, May, 1874.— :i;t., Stewart Street, Ott.iw,. MINIHTKR AT WASHINGTON. Envoy Extraordinary and Minist, Pknijiotrntiary of (Inat Britain at Washinj/lon.— Right Hon. Sir Edward Thornton, K.C.B.— 1627, 1st Street VVashington. So rotary of Leijation.— li. t). Watson, Esq., 723, 15th Street, Washington. THE (iUERN'S PRIVY COUNCIL FOR CANADA.* (Ministry formed, 7 Nov., I873.)t President of the Council— Uon. Joseph Edouard Cauchon. • The (RJarj of each MiniaUir ii fued by nutute itt $7,000, th« Miiiiater holding Uii) recogiiif.cil |ioBllion of Primu Miniater to receifc aa iuldilional » 1,000. 224 |MITH-|lKINS lANUFACTOWNfi (OMPANY, m CETOTflBS m m Mfl« tnnber for Bean, and Handles, they LILfidenftt tl"e' ^^i^jf/*^ ^«-*«' ^^^ -4 theto:? Jl ^ettaf- and a ^h-aahef maui tl.an any other establishment in the Province of Quebec. List as Follows, viz.: ■.1 „ .^i"' S'^XSTEAO, Mo»»r». CODKUK i BOIIrilFP ^lii ■ ^' "'SHOP, DuDSWELl ; 0. J.LIBRY ALSO: steam Engines Band Saws, Plaining Machines, and Board Mills A,, x^"^** * ""P "«*"0 "ACHIIIES. ' w „ ., of Jlachinery made to Order: l..ncj, E.g,.,.,, A«W Si»,, „11 kind. Mill Gc7*ilT|r.™llVlh\'J^^^^ ''""'^'' ^'■'"'■''i- m it i^W h •■ ^ i ii-i»s« A TEES BROTHERS. Tho fiiriiitiiro and coffin factory of Messrs. Tecs lirothers, Montreal, is one of the ol.lcst atxl largest of Its kind in tho city, having been established in ISoi, and giving steady eniploynu-nt to seventy-five men, wlnlo m busy times the nnniber rims up to one hundred and fifty or more. The factory is situated at St- Gabriel Locks on tho Lachine canal, is built of brick, four storeys high, and is one hundred feet by sixty. Both steam and water power are used, the former being mostly kept as a reserve for winter use, or when the water in the canal is low. Tiie warerooms an.l ollices are at No. 447 Notre Dame street, and consist of a fine stone building, having a frontage of forty-five feet by a depth of ninety. The first floor is used as general show- room and office, and liere samples of all styles of fnrni- tur'^ can be seen. Tho^ second floor is used as a show- room for upholstered furniture, and parlor and bed room sets. Almost all the parlor sets are of walnut, hand- somely and tastefully upholstered in rei)s and velvets, of var.ou* colour., hair cloth, &c. The dining room sets are of walnut, oak and other woo.fem:,:-U„n. William Ber- rian Vail. Ol.EUK OF THE QUEEN'S PRIVV COl'NOIL. William Alfred Himsworth, born -8 August, 1S20 bened m Clerk in the Commissariat, kS38 to 184"' tailed to the Bar in Lower Canada, l,S4l. Clerk hi I^-gislative Assembly, Cana.ia, J842-43. Appointed Cerk '"^'"7,"'^-«.^ouncil Office, 1843, and Assistant Clerk of he Council, 18.51. Sworn in us Clerk of the Queen slrivy Council for Cana.la, on 1st July, 187-' (Salary S3,,00.) Was Secretary to the "cilderate C.nnc.] on Commercial Treaties" which satat Quebec, 18<.4. Is Deputy Governor lor signing money warrants a Commiss,o..r /AW/.,.. PoU^tutnu ; u Commis..ioner n ho Queens Be.ch for Ontario; and a Justice of the leuce for th<. County of C«rleton._18;j Dalv Street- Lasteni Depiutmental Buildiij.r ' MEMUEKS OF THE PRIVV COUNCIL, WHO ARE NOT NOW MEM BEIiS OF THE C'AlilNET. The Right Hon.Sir John Alexander Macdonald, K.C.B D.C.L., (Oxon), LL.D., Q.C., M.P. ' Hon. Samuel Leonard Tilley, CD.. Lieutenant Governor of Now Brunswick. ' '^"'"*'""""- Hon. Sir Alexander Tilloch Gait, K.C.M.G., D.C.L Hon. William, Macdougail, C.B., M.P.P. Hon. William Peace Howland, C.b" Hon. Adams George Archibald, C.M.Q, QC Lieu tenant Governor of Nova Scotia. ' ' "' Hon. Peter Mitchell, M. P. Hon. Alexander Campbell, Q.C., Senator. Hon. Hector Louis Langovin, C. B., Q. C Hon. Jean Charles Chapais, Senator. Hon. Sir Kdwnnl Kenny, Knight, Senator. Uon. Sir Johu Rose, Bart., K.C.M.O. Hon. Sir Francis Hincks, K-C.M.G. CB, Hon. Alexander Morris, DCL O P r ; * Governor of Manitoba and ^f the N^tJw^tCX Hon. Christopher Dunkin, D.O.L., Q.C '""""*"• Hon. James Cox Aikius, Senator. ' Hon. Charles Tupper, C.B., M.D., M.P. Hon. John Henry Pope, M.P. Hon. John O'Connor, Q.C. Hon. Theodore Robitaille, M.D., M.P. Hon. Thomas Nicholson Gibbs. Hon. Hugh McDonald, Q.C. ^'^p^HPiRiimiMMi TEES BROTHERS, FwnUure Maufadmers AND UNDERTAKERS, Offico AND SIX DOORS EAST -4 4 0. Notre Dame OF McGILL ST. FURNITURE FACTORY, ST. GABRIEL'S LOCKS We keep eonstantly on hand a full assor.„,en. of all kinds of Furniture, BEDEOOM AND PARLOUE SETS, And a general assor,n,en. of ASH and WALNUT FtlRNITUKE at Wholesale and Retail ; also * OFFICE DESKS AND CHAIRS, I 11 .ill m ♦ I ... OP THE LATEST DFSIQKa. m UPPKR CANADA FUKNITUUE COMPANY. This Coiii|miiy was (mtablishod in 1860. Tim office mill tiutory nro mtuiit.-.l in tli.' town of liowinanvill.-, Onlario. Tlit- factory in bi.ilt of l.riclj, four storcyH iil liciijlit, ir,() X 10. Tl... (I„islm,g sho,, is two HtorcvH in linnlil, IO(»x 10. Tho wart-room istwostor.-ys in JiriKlit, (ill X no. Till! drying house iH 11 largt- building ; alw'. varnibli inngazinc and other l)uildingH to.> nnnirrons to nuMition; iti all. the biuldings «n.l luniluT yard cover about (hr,.,. m-rcN of groiuul. TheCoin|.any'soniccsare built >,f brick and are very neatly ariang.'.l. Auuing thcx,- is the private ollice of Mr. McArthur who is prcsnlent of the Company, and on making known our biiHmess to him wo were kindly conducte.l throuuh the whole great building ami must s.iy that we were miuu'- what tak.'n by surj.rise as we did not expect to s ,r find a furniture (act<.ry of such magniliule in the Dominion. Tb.; Company luamd'acture all styles and tirush in the furniture line, and a visit to the wareroom IS very mtercsting, as here is to be seen som.> of (be most costly ami well (iu,s furmlure that mechanical skdl can prodm^e. The factory is well supplied with all the mos( approved niacbinery, and in c.ise of fire, whic'i IS lialde to occur in all such largo establishments the Company has j, steam pmnp constnu'ted with their engine lions--, and keep constantly in readiness a good snj.ply of hos.! sudicient to reach to any part of tho bmlding, and while we were in the engine room the engineer attaciicd the hose to the steam fire engine and in less than two minut<-8 had a stream thrown across the buildings. This is something that Insurance Com- panies should insist upon being kept in all manufac- turing establishments. The company employ over two hundred men and use sixty horse steam power It is unnecessary to say that tho furniture manufactured here IS sold all over the Dominion. Hon. Antoine Aime Dorioii. Q.C. Hon. Donald Alexander JIacdonald, Lieutenant- Governor of Ontario. Hon. David Christie, .Speaker of the Senate. Hon. Telesphore Fournier, Q.C, one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada. Hon. William Ross. Insects as a iikanci of CoMMEUca.— Gr. at Uritain does not pay less than a million of dollars annually for the to 10 ant boi-fl ult'iiiig lu'ro uro victory. ItlNCIPAL ICA. iiK'iit of tlie liuro|H3 and Reienu 7.1,088,433 7,:i30,U(H 2,287,392 100,040,804 31,500,620 0,182,355 3,030,046 2,017,l(iO 878,520 INCRS. iroviticos tlio total unted at J 1 UPPER CANADA Mmufactumg Compmy, Bowmanville, Ont. lit Ifps %, Having purchased the Estate oftl.o Bowmanville Fumilure Company arc now prepared to fill orders for any ehtss of Furniture and Sk lied Workmen formerly iu the employ of the old Company and.are detcrmniod that the ronutatinn nf ti,„ r •, . pa"y, anu.aie , „ "-poiation ol the I'urmturc manufactured bv that BE32D-P1.003M: STTITE3S, PARLOR SUITES, AND ilt© B^^Fdi Tliftl we Lclierc arc UNEQUALLED IN CANADA OE THE UNITED STATES /'mes in all description of Chairs have been greatly reduced. Price List and Photographs supph-cd on application to m© lpp©ff ©aaaaa SPumltnf© ©©mpmy, BOWMANVII.I.E. OKtIht/^ ' " ' !' •■i lit! l*Vt% [i '•1*.'. INHALATION OF DUST IJV WOlfKMKN. The injinioiis ,..ir.rt of exposiuo to tl.,; .lust of varioiu miuHi(iictiiiiiii I. The area and dis^ibutionof' the i.opulation was as follows: I'noviNdcs, OritArii) yucbi'c .!.".'.'!..!!. NovH .Sralin .'1'.','.' New Itrunswick Muiiituba iind NorUi-WcHl. Colimiliift Hriiiie KiiwHiil iilauii...!!.^! Tolnl».. A reft in Knt'lisli SqtiHre tiles. IJ 1,200 aill,(i20 l8,(;i-,o ■J 7, 1 05 2,8111,734 L'l.l.OllO 2,173 :),tB3,l)i2 t'opuLATion in IH71 Mnles. 8:'s,ri;i() .'■i1h;,ip4I 1113, 7H'.' M6,8H8 47,lal Pemulcs. 71)2,261 M(5,47r) ll)4,l)0« 139,706 40,1100 T0T*t. I,l!20,8.'il l,IUI,6lti 3H7,H|]0 2S,'),51)4 11,0,1.3 lO.SHC 1)1,021 I 3,B02,:i21 The area and population of Newfoundland, which it is expected will at^ no distant day enter the Confederatiwi, IS as fo lows: Area, 40,200 English square miles; and l^ain.: ;i''/fr'"-'- "'iT''^'"' '" ^'"^ l>o.nini,;n of l.aial u,»oo I n,i;o2,:i2i il, whicli it is oiifederatioii, 6 miles ; and Dominion of 4,1 5ii 8()iiare 3iuing quite quickly and a!,'e of steam ire distance lours. This linary gjght- B is precioas d. The route lerrt, is now itse in jKipu- mices, time, route: )>;•. Huun. — 5 10 _ I 1 _ 4 C 19 — 4 — 4 1 22 _ 2 — 14 _ — Vi 3 — 3 — 88 4 turn CELEBRATED ITHACA CAIMBM CLOCKS ARE THE DEST AND MOST RELIADLE CALENDER CLOCKS MADE IN THE WORLD. Their superiority over all oIIkt Calendar Cloeks is acl,„i,ted l,v -,11 compe.o„,j„dges and everybody wl,o has then, in use. ' __^ wee J.S Sf li?,!!,Pjfet *rf-i--^^^^^ and Strike Clocks onec a «stttit^«^L^^,^re"=--^'""-"-^^s "'''"°*^™*=^AR. AND 29 DAYS FOE EVERY FOUR YEARS 1 fPL ''°"'"''' ^'^'^'■y I^'-^ik should have one of onr R ^7' u '"''"P"^^ ^'""''^ ^cn dollars should have one of our Office Clocks. EvItv oSke shoul.f h. ^^^^S^'ators. Every Hotel and every pnvate residence should have oncTn Can .Jx.nV^'^^^ '"J''" ^''""^ ^"''"' ^'^''""^ •n stock for h.s customers, and one for t^ir ReSt oVf nT''^-'"'""'"'/'^'^""'^ keep them not complicated. Keguiators. 1 hey are perfectly reliable and Send for Price List Ili»i„,ed Oateiogue containing ,he Outs of the ni„ch and Prices THE TRADE LIBERALY TREATEE F. P, G. TAYLOR, Sole Importer and Agent for the Dominion of Canada. 16} K/NG STREET, EAST, ^r o n. o 3VT o . I*- o. :bos: leoe. Messrs. EVANS & SON, t. S. R. WARREN A- SON'S CHURCH OUUAN FACTORY. This institution occupios n very prominent position in tho manufacturing interests of Montreal, and is n very gratifying eviilenci- of the progress of the fnie arts as re- presented by music, in our Dominion. It is a well kno-vn hict that a now country's progress is iiuHcatetl first, hy tho development of the agricultural interest. In pro- portion as this branch of industry improves, manufactures necessarily foUow, and as tlie country becomes wi^altliy through those mediums assisted, of course, hy education, music and tho fine arts are brought more prominently into notice and are encouraged. As an indication of the pro- gross of Canada through the first two stages, and the nd flat is occnpie.l by th.- boUows makers, the "sotting up" room, (which extends through two storeys), and the business office ; tho 3rd story contains tho action makers and voicing rooms, and the 4th floor the wind chest makers, case makers, metal rooms, and key makers. The latest improvements in machinery are in use, and the character of the work produced unexceptionable ; the nicest detail is carefully scrutinized and nothing inferior in either materiel or workmanship is used. As a result of this great care tho firm have the satisfaction of knowing that their instruments have given the fullest satisfaction and that their trade is increasing very rapidly in every direction. The business was established 40 years ago by Mr. S. R. Warren, the senior member of the firm ; at that time the business vvas romparatively unknown in Canada, and Mr. Warren had many difficulties to contend with; however, being determined to persevere, and being gifted with a sincere love of the art, he has now the satisfaction of knowing that he stands at tho head of his profession and that he has achieved a " name " second to none in the worid. The junior was literally born to tho business, and has received the benefit of tho senior's experience aided by travel in tho United States and on the continent! The institution will amply repay a visit. We certainly hope that they may continue in their onward course of prosperity, at any rate they are entitle.! to the patronage and support of all true Canadians, being e8s..ntially a homo inttitutton ami ono of which we may justly feel proud> MICROSCOI'IC CI.ARACTKR OK IRON AND HTKEL. -.ccording to Mr. .Schott, the dilli-rnit (lualities of iron and steel 'an readily bo .•liiirdi, .l.'ti'iiiiin.'.l 11..1, to ruturii until tiio ,mrwn hIiouM Im- IranMli.rrf.l lo hom.o otiior flfld of lubour. It fnmlly bt-fanio known that tlui irasiiblo was to proacli )ii'"<"l towns of the l'o((eries. It was then " wddopen eountry, wi(h herea.id the, .htary build- '»«■ I he white smoke that rose from the kilns of the l-'-Menes mi«|,t ore,u.ion«lly hide the Hunshine, but this NVi.ud not break the g ral view. The great .losiah VV..d«wood had not yet been born, but the \Ved«woo,ls ,"'"■ '";•■ • I"'"'"-" "' ""• 'liHlriet, were plying, in a rude' l'"'Mble way, (he ti.tde art at llurslen., then but a small X ll aK" .n.lee,l. I lanley w,u, of still h-ss in.portanee, and pottery here was just struggling into existence. A little belore the birth of Fenton, a ,M,ttor, named (lla«H, com- rnenc,.d to make what was e«lle,| a " elou.ly" ware, an.l \Vm Sunpson.aUoot thisdate, nm,h. "mottled" and "eh)udy " 'I hree otherpotters, \U\. MarHh, .Ino. Ellis,«„d Mom'sSand- r.-rd comprised the whole of the pottery manufacturers in Hanh.y and Shelton at this period. The three latter n.anu- .10 ured butter imtsand milk pans. Their ph«,es of nianu- (admire were simply three or four that<;hed or .nud- roo(e.| hovels, ami were made to comprise both dwell- mg-house and workshop. Erected clos., by were the hovels of their workmen; but not more than (bur or live haiKls were employd at each place. The rest of ho country was spotu-d over with (arms, mines, miners' hu s, and moorlands. Such was the appearance the I ottenes presented in itisa." NK'KEI. AND COBALT PLATINO IN TIIF WFT WAY. l'...f..Hsor Stolba, of the polytechnic laboratory of he ,, vtechnicon, o( IVag,,,., a chemist who has been the hist (.; announce to the Nsorld severid important tech- meal ,hH,..veries, espe.naily i„ reference to th.- piatinuof metals, has just publislml, in Dingler's VolyU. '.,nc Jour «'(urs to Iron Ships made a Specialty, CORIEB OF BBENMIN & MIIIIRETH MONTREAL. L 285 il: THE WILLIAMS' MANUFACTURINO COMrANY. Amongst tho great manufacturing indiistrieg of the Dominion, which have sprung up witJiin a brief period of time, none ig moro noticeable than that of sewing marhines, and Montreal is by no means behind her rival cities for first place in this friendly contest for superiority in the manufacture of goods which will please tho gone- I ral public ana, at the siime time, give satisfaction from I the excellence of their make, and their great utility. The Williams' Sewing Machine Company, of No. 20 St. Ger- main street, Montreal, is ono of the leading factories in the Dominion, and the largest in Montreal. The building has ft frontflge of seventy-five feet, with a depth of ninety feet, and an extension in the roar, which makes the struc- ture look like the lett*T L —ninety feet by thirty. It is built of brick, is three storeys high, an<) is capable of turning out five hundred machines a week. The factory diflers from some other sewing machine factories, from the fact that it is " self-contained," that is to say, that only raw material is taken into the works and a perfect and complete sewing machine is turned out, every por- tion of the iron, steel and wood-work being made on the jireroises, and nothing sent outside for either casting moulding or finishing. The Williams' Company make only the "Singer" machine ; a machine which has gained a world-wide reputation, and which baa never been excelled for either atrength or durability. Let ua take a walk through tho factory. O.a the first floor we find spacious offices handsomely fitted up, a japanning room, 46 by 30 feet, and a planing room, 46 by 30 feet, in which are four large and powerful planers. Above this, on the second flat, is what might be called the " machinery hall," of the establishment. Here the greater part of the force of the seventy-five horse power engine is apent, for it has an immense amount of inatihines to keep in motion, (we may mention, en passant, that the driving belt of this engine ranks the second in sise in tho Dominion, being twenty-four inches wide,) and the incessant whir of the numerous machines, and the subdued murmur, of the suppressed voices of the numerous employees, causes a stranger to pause for a moment to gaze about him, in order to find out what kind of a place ho is in. What does he see ! He sees a room seventy-five feet long by thirty feet wide, in which are sixteen milling machines, ten engine lathes, thirteen hand lathes, three four-spindlo drills, and four shuttle machines; the shuttle is one of the most important parts of a sewing machine, for if that is bad tho whole machine is worthless, and the Williams' Company is remarkably careful about their shuttles, having them struck out from toUd steel bars and paying great attention to their being not only of the best quality, but in tho most perfect working order bo- fore they are put into a macliino. On the third flat we tind fourteen more engine hthes, five self-acting screw machines, and eight hand lathes. This ends what might be called the steam power manufactory proper, and the big engine, with its ten feet diameter driving wheel, has comparatively speaking, little else to do. From the third flat of the main building we pass to tiie third flat of *ho extension, where we find he packing room in which the machme, after being completed aii.l tested, is prepared tor shipment to any one who may want a first-class sew- ing machine. On this flat is also the setting-up room whure the various parts of the machine are taken and put together; and iu this room isa curious-lookiiigstand where a dozen machines at a time are imprisoned and ma"'nny <.f our lady friei.dH, while working a sewing ma- chine, have wondered how the small pieces, such as the henimers, stitchern, needle bars, &c. acquired, so fine a polish, and have thought that it must take much time and trouble to accomplish it. Let us undeceive you Iheso "small pieces" are not polished by hand at all- they are simply put in a barrel, which has a belt con- necting with the shafting attached to it, and revolves about once a seeond, and aU the little pieces jostle against each other and scrape each other clean and polish each other up. Descending to the second flat of the extension, we come to the carpenter's shop, where the wooden frames, stands and cases are made. Here we find a circular saw, gig saws, planers, lathes, *c. All the cases of the WiUiwns' machines are made of walnut, and about 60,0()0 feet a year is used up by the company. At the back of the caiponter's shop i. the var.Ushing room, twenty-five feet square, where the woodwork receives Its final polish. Descending once more-this time in •emwlariiness-we find ourselves in the basement, which .8 ninety feet long by fifty wide, and is the foundry of the establishment, for tho Company does its own moulding and casting, and, on an average, melts about two tons of iron a day. Up a crooked stairway we a«iend into d.y- ightand foe! weU satisfied ,,ith our explorations into the mystenes of manufacturing a sewing machine, and greatly obliged to the courteous superintendent, Mr Davis ; and, in fact, if we had any idea that we could be" as successful as tho WiUiams' Company, or turn out as good machmes-for that is the secret of their success- we would be wUling to go into the sowing machine busi- ""^Z^TrZ- '^^^ "'"'^ ™°'"'' "'■ "•« Company are at 347 Notre Dame street, whore there is a large diaplav of their maohiues, and where the manager tad his uaii tants can always be found. Tho Williams' Company was founded in Boston in 1866 ; was oBtaUished in Montreal, in 1863; incomo- ratod, in 1878, with a capital of J600,000, Its Board of Directors is composed of seven of the C. W. WILLIAMS Manufacturing Company. Sir HUGH ALLAN, President JACKSON RAE, Vice-Presidmt B.GRAHAM, Managing Directm. (li INCORPORATED 1872. MAKEBS OF THEIS CELEBRATED /^6tad Office, S4J filaUe ^ame. ^Ueet, MONTREAL. L SINGER FAMILY and SINGER No. 2 Manufacturing Sewing Machines. THE WILLIAMS SINGER is the most popular Machine now made Sewing Machine Dealers would do well to secure the Agency of these Machines. Send for Il/ustrated Catalogues. C. W. Wil^ams Manufactimng Co., ®47? Ifoitve H api fti SLi^Kt^t^it iii'/»m.«><«a.a1 •.-="=T5-=-5=-'C6 ^^'£e^«^^^^'^g|^^^ ?1 287 most wenlthy nrid irinueiitial business men of Montreal — Sir Hugh Allan being President, nn.l Jackson Rat,, niin- «gor of the Merclmuts Bank, being Vice-President. In 1874 the Company secnred tlio services of Jfr 1) CJra- liani, a man of large sewing nincl.ino experience, as Man- aging Director, since which time the-Conipaiiy have been making sure am) stea.ly progress (owaids the goal of success. " substances re.piire.l are : first, a suitable vessel for con- ducting the operation, which may bo of porcelain or metal; sj..cond, a suitable salt of nickel, which may be either chloride, sulphate, or the sulphate of nickel, and potassn ; tliird, a solution of chlorl.le of zinc ; fourth dinp- ■ugs o( sheet zinc or zinc wire and powdered zinc; fifth, pure hydrochloric acid. Cobaltizing, as Professor Stolba tenns it is conducted in very much the s^ime way-a salt of cobalt being used in place of the salt of nickel OUR MANUFAOTURKS. The following (able of indnslries, taken from the lust census, will give some idea of the variety and inipoM^nce ot the manufiictures of the Dominion. I Aoralcd Watoriiiakiii({ Agriculture liiiplpiiienu liakcricsofall lorui... Itakiiig I'owilcr making. .'.','.'.'.',' Barik-odle Engraving Kalai,li«ii nient Bark Bitriicl Katabii'siiine'ni'.'.'.'. Basket making Bc'll FdundriM ..',.'.'.' Bellows making ..., i™''"«l*"'' ""»« making.'.'!.'!!!.' Billiard Tnlde making Blackimitliing ?......'.'.','.'.','.'. Blacking Manufactories..,...! Boat building. Boiler making .!!!!!!. Bono Crushing Dills Book binding Boots and Shoes ','.'.'.','. Breweries Brick and Tile making !!!.'.'! Broom and Brush making Button Pnctories "...!!.'" Cabinet and Furniture...! ! Canling and Fulling Mills '" Cniiwulers and .loincrs Carriage making Carving and Uilding Cement Mills ". Charcoal burning Clmmical Kstablishmenta..!! I 'heese Factories Cider making ..!!!! Coopemge .'.!!!!!!..., Cordial and Syrup MBniifrn't'ories!!! t'ork cutting Cotton Factories ! Cutlery Distilleries !!!!!!!!, Dressmaking and Millinerj!!!!.'!! ' Dyeing and .Scouring Kdge Tool Manufactories Kngine huildiug Kngraving and I.itliograpbing.!!! Fire-proof Hafe making... Fishing Tackle making fittings and Foundry working Brass, Iron, I.ead, *c Floor Oil Cloth Factory Flour and Uiist Mills... Capital In- vested. iii5,.iir. I,lll4,,')0.s i,or.i,.'i3i 3,4.1U lOfl.iHin 2hi,i)iHi n,2so 2;,2iii) 22,060 24,IHlO 8,ni«l l,72o,(;:w 2.'.,400 .11 ,2!)S r>2,r2,My> "7;p,iic,7 1 ,Hr)!i,(iii» »2,5mi r>ii,(io42,4I1» 11,S00 ■ 82 (;fl,oflo l:io 812,160 182 82,0,12 2,1 28,000 24 41,,100 21 106,000 (i 10,000 10,21,1 .1,104,411 m 47,001 207 05,170 2f.H :i(;,i,i,io 11 11,201 1!I2 112,211 IK,7IU lo,i,i,i,(::)8 018 2,141,229 :),(i7;i 926,215 642 128,605 14 11,500 (,:!i;c . 1,580,078 1,224 2,2,11,704 B.408 3,72li,:M5 7,7!)S 4,840.234 IKO 2l;l,780 (Hi 11,100 81! 15,812 202 810,210 ftOH 1,001,7,18 108 42,006 .1,442 I,772,(ki;i 1111 18(l,:(2S 11 11,2(» 741 78 1 ,800 11 11,520 4«7 4,002,.1,17 .1,877 2,685,079 100 124,871 17(1 418,775 1,0,17 1,044,525 127 1.15,000 IIH 97,075 2 1,094 901 8U1,,108 10 60,000 4,992 39,135,919 ti*Di;sTaiB0> PoiindriM and .\fa(!hino working.. Furriei-sand llatten, «c ' Fuse Factory Oan Works Glass Works !! !! tilde making ' dd and HiTvcr Smithing.. (!rnid8t,ooo 2,480,645 130,120 27,,100 31,080 68,509 94,000 33,300 104,250 52,625 464,000 7,095 4(HI 493,000 204,512 3.1,260 50,807 138,508 20,hOO 100,015 8,000 8,400 419,135 322,054 201,050 382,060 2,780 024,040 73,680 84,850 78,4,10 68,000 010,400 17,050 180,970 4,8,10 20,000 1.5.1,410 170,808 85,000 82,000 2,168,(160 00,004 441,300 108,000 6,(KI0 440,000 1 1,200 210,000 «:l 1,800 200,100 3,000 907,294 127,512 10,040,589 20,000 .1,000 107.782 34o!400 489,073 212,123 1,084,425 15,000 45,000 270,821 24,775 9,699 89,810 121,000 2!KI,704 205,.106 426,1810 11,900 1,721,903 2,058,100 789,210 673,115 7,100 10O,7!>3 3,000 4.1„50fl 47,040 4,285 0,170 24,901 4,070 03,980 3,770,814 Number of hands employed. 7,063 1,801 290 318 17 62 328 22 43 278 241 494 634 624 403 82 28 3,042 30 1,127 14 21 841 1,041 498 590 48 494 114 67 603 96 760 73 362 51 21 945 310 292 553 3,497 280 333 175 U 702 11 450 3,007 185 3 2,519 173 31,(101 58 22 669 '100 3,100 373 0,040 47 73 •i 301 :io 74 103 72 1,109 008 119 20 11,003 4,307 6 3,,11l 3,310 08 617 3 84 41 15 38 6V 9 101 4,463 Tolal value of pnxluots. 7,326,631 2,876,000 1,300 760,200 293,130 34,300 89,600 78,395 134,000 34,877 170,514 199,133 503,016 64,373 660 298,000 427,897 64,357 117,317 502,166 7,'),112 2.10,137 11,000 31,340 3,799,662 959,070 022,103 1,147,380 13,439 3,094,069 172,764 204,700 377,470 116,000 1,071,061 171,060 338,005 40,820 10,818 515,290 310,019 20,0(H) 202,013 .1,420,202 191,820 320,718 612,000 25,000 1,080,000 14,902 709,840 3,405,321 130,699 ,1,.100 3,008,041 270,523 10,210,247 83,750 8,000 209,818 1,133,404 891,995 882,271 4,433,202 39,030 90,000 760 1,12,1,853 80,(100 30,805 2,18,812 323,084 1,073,874 6,18,260 4,133,7.10 18,820 9,145,875 9,184,933 2,000 2,392,(i:)8 2,415,.14:i 19,000 110,410 19,000 00,0(8) 180,312 S,234 21,018 47,041 16,900 99,ito0 6,607,549 7,328,631 2,87fi,(iiiO 1,200 75i>,200 2!l3,l:iO ;i4,200 ss.noo V8,3»S 124,000 34,877 170,ril4 1119,123 602,015 64,37:1 660 2BR,0Oe 427,897 64,357 117,317 603,15« 75,112 330,137 1 1,000 31,340 3,799,552 950,071) 022,102 1,147,380 13,439 3,094,009 172,764 294,700 377,470 116,000 1,071,861 171,060 338,005 40,820 10,818 615,290 3;W,(il9 29,000 JH2,053 3,420,202 191,820 320,718 612,000 25,000 1,680,000 14,902 709,840 3,405,321 136,699 3,500 3,008,641 270,523 30,250,247 85,750 8,000 269,818 1,123,464 891,996 882,271 4,433,2(13 39,030 90,000 760 1,323,863 80,000 26,805 238,813 223,684 1,072,874 638,360 4,132,760 18,820 9,345,876 9,184,932 2,000 3,392,6;)8 3,436,34:1 :t9,o«o fi:i6,4:io 19,(100 66,000 180,313 8,324 31,618 47,643 16,900 99,!)d0 6,607,549 THE WENTWORTH ENGINE AND IMPLEMENT COMPANY. The Weiitwortli Engine mid Iuii.loint;iit Conipuiiy of Ilumilton, Ont., was esttiblisliuil in 1857, uud Ims g.iined a well deserved mid well enriied reimtation amongst tlio leading miimifucturers of engines, boilers, iigiiciilturiil implenientH, &c. The factory occupies al.out two acres of ground on McNab, .Sinicoe and .lames streets, and gives employment to about sixty bands. The Comp.iny makes a specialty of the Wlieder No. (i e(n(il)ine(I mower and reaper, wliieli is niandlaetnied in Canada only by them. THE GROWTH (JF OUR THEORIE.S oF 'i'HE WEATHER. In the trmiitiong of almost every nation whos*- history runs back to a traditional p(.riod there is an account of some divine messenger to whom their fathers were in- debted for knowledge of agriculture. The origin of such a tnidition is evident enough. It seemed in tliose early explanation possible to nt^count for so great days ti nn ■ * from the poverty, uncertainty, and anxiety o'' . ..wndent upon the finding of such roots and fr..!u ite nature might fortuitously atlbrd, to the security and ease implied in agricultural pursuits. From the lirst rod.! attempt at agriculture, however, up to the present complicated scientific condition of that industry, we know that all our advance has been gained by the patient process of experience and thought. Analysis, synthesis, and comparison the only methods we have for arriving at truth have given us oia- theory of mmiures, the rotatbn of crops, and demonstrated theadvantagesof draining, or of subsoil plowing. Some divine messenger may have brought the crooked stick which «>rved as the lirst plow ; but we know that the stemn-reaper was so much of a human production that we iiave granted a patent to its inventor, ,is a re- ward f,ir the thought and labor lie expemhid in in.ikiug it. With the aid of chemistry, accuracy and piecisioii have been introduced into many departments of ac-ricui- tiire, and, in place of the old empiricism, we haw Uw. certainty of scientific knowledge. The cultivation of the earth as the primal and chief business of mankind, forming as it does the very corner-stone of social life and social progress, we find is aided and improved by increase of human knowltidge in any and every direction. The farmer of to-day is not only called upon to expend the sweat of his brow in earning his bread, but he finds that he must also tax his brains. The strength and en- durance of his muscles will not come amiss ; but the breadth and scope of his general knowledge!, the accuracy of his observation, and the fineness of the tissue of his brain are of more importance still. Nor is the end yet reached. We have applied science to the study of the chemical constitution of the soil ; wc can tell what ele- ments the ni.ae.ures w»= r.pply mv.gt have in tlicm to i pio- 239 duce certain results; we can decide upon the needed moigtun! of the land, mid rugiilatc it by draining ; but for all the influences upon the crops we desire, which the Kjrnnier's rains or droughts, the early or late frosts, the chill or heated terms, m,iy have, we are lielple88,and have to depend upon such conditions as the natural course of events may bring for us. We are almost as far from knowing that the atmos- phere can be cultivated and the climate regulated as our savage fiirefathors, who lived upon such roots and fruits as grew .spontaneously, were that the soil itself could be bronglit under their control. In this case, as with agri- culture, it is only as increase of knowledge givesincrease of power that onr conception of our domain over nature widens; and an examination of the gradual growth of our theories of climate will show that it lies as directly in the path of human progress to apply scientific knowledge to the regulation of the wind and the rain as it has been t» nM)dify the soil. Met(!oroIogy, though by no means as yet an exact science, has taken its placein the scientificadvance o.'^he century, and has reaped the benefits which all special blanches of investigation have reaped from the new spirit of positive inquiry which characterizes the present scien- tific tlionght of the worhl. A century ago it was im- po.ssible that anything like a general theory of the cli- mate could be made, since there were neither the data in existence upon wiiich to form such a theory, nor was mankind in possession of the moans for arriving at sucii data. The students of the weather could rely only upon their individual observations; and to our, as to their, un- aided sen.ses it appears as though nothing could be more capricious thmi the weather; as though sunshine and showers siicc.!ed each other with no regard to rule or reason; as though the wind blows where it lists, and brings heated or chill term.s with it as it wishes. The barometer, however, first enabled us to measure and record tlie pressure of the atmosphere, and note its changes; then the thermometer enabled us to do the same thing with its temperature ; then the investigation of the electric plienomeimofa thunder-shower robbed the lightning of all its terror as the mmiifestation of some angry divinity, by showing that it was the natural oper- ation of a fore.! dillused through almost all the processes of nature. The eflect of these discoveries, afTon'ing the means of a more extended and accurate observation of nature than the world ever before possessed, led naturally to an in- creiised interest in the study of meteondogy, and this, in turn, produced further means of investigation. Neither the biuometer nor the thermometer was found adequate for giving us .ill the data we ncieded concerning the con- dition of the atmosphere at any moment. There are other conditions upon which the chances of rain or drought depend. Not only the weight and the heat of the air are important to be known, but also its compaii live moisture, and its electric condition. £B I THE WENTWORTH ENGINE i IMPLEMENT CO., OF HAMILTON. REAPER The Wheeler Reaper and M with durabiHty, and will cut success of land. MOWER Mower co.iiliines ll.ir|itncss and simplicity ssAilly any kin.l of Crop af any description a Re;p;ran"d ^r^rir'i^;:^^';^:"'' '"""^ '-" ^ ^--^ '° THE POPULAR FAVORITE WITH FARMERS WHEREVER IT HAS BEEN INTRODUCED. Send for Illustrated Catalogue. Address, The Wentworth Engine and Implement Company, 240 v., % )licity iption -'er to WENTVf ORTH jilNaiNE CO. STEAM ENGINE MD BOILER MINED, Is easily transported, and may be mounted on wheels for Agricul- tural purposes, occupies only small space, is extremely moderate in cost, simple in mechanism and grace I'ul in design, very economical in fuel, sup- jdying the place of a stove in winter, safe and easily managed, can be used without extra insurance risk. Weliiive introduced tlie E1)(!AR EN(ilNE AND 150ILER to meet a felt want in Canada for Small Steam Powers at little cost. With safety und economy in lining, and tlioy have at once become popular among Farmers, Cheese Faclorua, Printing Offices, Bras* Fomihies, Box and Bag Factones, Blackamiths, Carpmttera, Cabinet and Carriage Makers, and all .smaU Maniifartiiiij Estalilishments. We arc giving attention to have them introduced among our Yacht Men for whom they are par- ticnlarly adapted. For FisuiNu and TuH Boats the demand is Bteadily increasing. Mounted on Iron Wheels, with Poles for Horses, For Driving Threshing Machines, IS KNOWN EVERYWHERE! HORIZONTAL ENGINES And Boilers, from 10 to 100 Horse Power, Of design and construction which have secured very large sales in every part of Canada. Si^es ai JVe also J/a/uffacture JlachiTzcrT/ in 3-eTxeral, HAVING PATTERNS FOR LAEOE VARIETY OF WORK. IjEliF'Eill.I-. TTV-A-O-ESn. '\7\7'XXE3ES3L.S IIST S^^OOZS.. Address, Wentworth Engine h in Cmmlii, thin business being established in 18J1. The piitetit platform scale vviis invented, patented, and iiitrochieed into Canada by the late Otis Warren, and tlie exeellencc of the manufacture hiui won wide popularity. The fac- tory is situated at a05 and a07 FortiheaMon Lane, near VictoriaSquarc, Montreal; is a three-story hriek hnililirifr, furnished with all modern iniprovenieiits in the way ol machinery, which is driven by stc^ani power and turns out first-class goods at very moderates rates. For obtaining these data wo have also instriniientH. The tests of the electric condition of the air, whether pos- itive or negative, and also how strongly it is charged, or, as the phrase goes, what is its electric tension, are nume- rous but delicate, and can hardly be used except by ex- perts, nat, however, of the comparative moisture of the air is very simple. It consists simply of two ther- mometers placed side by side; the bulb of one is left ex- posed, while that of the other is covered with a bit of muslin, the end of which hangs down into a cup of water. The effect of this arrangement is that the muslin envelop- ing the bulb is kept moist by capillary attraction. If, therefore, the air is dry, and absorbsmoisture, the-water in the muslin on the bulb evaporates quickly, ihkI in this process absorbs heat from the quicksilver in the bulb thus causing the mercury to descend. It, however, tiie air is moist, the muslin retains its water, and the mercu- ry is not affected by it. Tlie dittbrcnco or similarity of the reading of the two thermometers is, therefore, the test of the moisture or dryness of the air. The simplicity and value of this instrument us a wea- ther gauge should bring it into almost universal use. In indicatingthe weather it is more reliahlethan any otherin- Btrument which wo have as yet, and, furthermore, as we shall see, has had an important elli-ct iu nmdifying our theories of rain. Besides these instrinnents, wi^ have others for measur- ing the force and direction of the winds, th.> ainoiujt of rain and snow which falls, and, finally, the telegrajih is coming rapidly into use for the purpose of instantaneous intercommunication between distant points. By its aid, for the first time in the history of meteorology, it becomes possible to follow o storm in its entire course, noticing its commencement, its course, its chang,.„l,i ■ •'""'^""^' '»"•' extracts the juice, and the berries eh rol*^ a T and, after filtering, the syrup is re^tr usT 'Z; J*' U.e fragra,.ce of the fruit. As to cherries, the so d 2 Morello la recommended, and, by leaving t „ [ . stones in the pulp, a flavor like thafnf r.. 7'^^'"^ will be imparted, 'to make sy uV'oJ he ,Si, """^ pared as above indicated, our'autLfr; i^ 1^ rer't make hbc ol any metalic ve88.-I« oi- «n« 7 take best relinJd loaf-s gar " lirf ^o" h"'"'"^' "* J. eight parts of sugar const.'tl "g'l glC " i""'*' The lumps of sugar are n.oist.ned X Tn "T water to cause them to dissolve readdy, w In t "re n.ann..g juice is added, and the whole I utelZ -— y,andfdt.rgthrg,ri^^^^^^^^ perfectly clear. It is best to fdlL" "1^ .3 the syrup when cold , but if it has been done wZ hot the vessel must be fdled up after coolin„ 1 wnen.hot, condenses on the portion of the ve^ Lft^ ? ""P^ running down, dilutes the upper stSui of 2 ^' ""' thus making it more liable to spoil ° '^"'^' QUEEN VICTOniA. As Queen Victoria to-.lay begins the fortieth year of m , 7fl ' TJ"""""" «"•"" of your readers to be re r" ?„ Ki: ^''V'-'r"'"""' " """y '"«" -"^ "''•"« b i 7sril ^■'"■^ ^^•' "'"' '""^ "•"""''' '"■"' '■" T'l-r, to m/'n7, ":;''■'": ""'^ "> "'"-'•""'. -i the our e, Iv I. ."' "'^"'■''' "•"'^^' "'"' ""O'-Ke' Of o-.r early Knghsh, or ante-Nornmn Kings, no other re.gne.1 so long as Kthelred .he Unready buM is '^s vn - a r^^ exceeded by our present:^::^:^^^^^ and S., .lays , ho that Victoria lu>s to reign r, years ani l^s days beyo„.l to-day before she will ei.uairr alt orerunner. Then will remain ahea.I onlyV Jl, ,'i f eve Th..l;r* ■' r"'™ '""' ^ '"»"""'• »"t of course ANECDOTE OF LORD DUFFERIN fortune to lose the use ^n^^ hf "^ '""• ""' ""«■ i'.« a giass -bsitutrrLr ;^;^^^^^^^^^^^ ar.pea« "as good as new " Tm! <• } '*''' "y" than once bo,m thelc J;„ of 1 "*""' '"" """•« told the story himself, ' * '"'''^'''"P •"« «.rtx^:"trd''D't/''^'^''^<'''« ■"^"- '-0 ed themselves, and this flow of cler C ' «^^^ more free and casv sincA 1... i.„ i ^ •^""•i was alj the the rank of his plir^^ m to b ' *"^'?"' *''"" "^ Governor-OeneL askS Pa.hly ^,t rr/'',"': '"'"" of the neighborhood. " As fof Iwl , ''"^ '" '^^'^ the unsus^cting driver "slmrHy" 7""'-' '■•'P««'l would i„te';est auntie an 0^/,^^^^^^ " ,? "T '^' one-eyed Dunerin is goingt mTrrl K'« « '"•,""" Though his lordshipinLly enroled tlttke ?'"'• gracious enough to deny hiniself fhV ^ J"'"'' '"' ^as the state of consterSihnf IL .?"''''''«•' "'"«'«'''« into when he fo^nd tT tt^it;VS;i'"^'l;'^ h«.l spoken so fan.iliar of and his pZenuer wef " ''.^ the same person. passenger were one and MMMta tUttrntmsom m m. AND Engravers on Wood, 97 St. James Street, Comer Place d'Armes MONTREAL. Canada Whip Company, MANUFACTURERS OP ALL KINDS OP WHIPS AND WHIP LASHES, OFFICE, 14 Merrick Street, FACTORY, 175 James Strdet, HAMILTON, ONT. ^K ■ ?j J. WOBSFOLD. H. D. BAKER, W. J. SWARTZENBURGER. 245 I THK WATF.ROlfS ENaiNli WOUKS C'OMI'ANV. Tli.i ru|ml f iiimliiM.- wniku in Cium.la, and t\u< KrowiriK .i|.|,iv,iatioM will, which (hnir |.ro.lu.'lH an. vi.'W.I lint only in ('iuiii,la, liiit (hnniKl t Hu- woiil H Ih.. slroiiK-Ht aihl hi-m rrCntatidn ..f (ho aliir Jiit.-ri.hNl '" '"■ '■"'' "" <'""••"'" l-'"^ til, „ir a century ng,. hy i» I'" '"■ "■'■':'■'• "I" ««''ib...l ht-r m " ucminiry ..fhark- w.m,lN niHl liuliHMs." Kvori in thn |,n.H..|,l .lay there Ih a very gt'iicral miin. ..Hl,.na!nonj!Ht Knghhlina.n and (iiiviiiii. crMhat Oana.lu i-aii |.r,.,ln. ..thing but lnnih..r; that tln-r.. in I,., r„.|,l h.T.. („r ni.rlmnirH ami aitinaiiH, i.n.l that on.' hall of II,.. year the inliahitant^ nt,'. IVo/.mi up al.nig with tho h,.ar8, ami only thaw out in tin- N|ning to .'njoy a short Huiniiu.r iti-mm. 't in linii.T.MiH NoniWiuMwi' to uitnt'Ng the«Ht..niHhnienl ,.t anlrang^r ..ii his liint visit to Canada, wlii'i, l„. CailH U, (i,„| ,he In.aiM, lMitlalo,.« an.l {..■av.-rs h.' ha.l o.v|...,.t.'.l t.. h..,. pn.ni.'iiading th.- Htr....t8 olth,. rn.h- "8..(tl..nu.n(.i" of hin inintfinalion ; wh.Mi hi> faiinot (ind a " nold.. savag.,. " em.pt in a 8..ini.civill/...,l Htiiti', nn<) iimli.a.l on.rnn.liHliingn tomahawk lit.R....H hlni (louriHhing a ha.Tos*. Nti.'k ; n,.r is his vvond.T al.a(...l at the la.'k or ha..kw...»lH, lor tin.y have tor th.' in.isl part niov..re Cooj.er, nn.l kin.lred writers, |„. H..eN niagiii- fimit buil.iings ornnin..ntiiig large an.l han.lsoine cities. Alas for his dream of a wigwam I Me tiiulH vast liehls of cultivated land almost groaning nn.ler (he rich luxiirian.c of h.mntifiil liarvests; and, instea.l of the wil.l war-wli....p of "the nohl.) red man," he hears the busy hiiiii of raarhinery, tlie subdue.! murmur of m immense conimer- ciftl community, nii.i di„,...verH that Cana.la is not the wil.l, unciviliMd place he thought her, but that she ih fast rising in the scale of nations, and tliat sh.. possessea that one thing so much nee.ied in th.' (H.l Worl.l— elbow- room— so that if h,. means w.uk, all he has to do is to pull ort'liis oat and " pilch in." No matt.'r wli.^ther he is a laborer, meclniuic, tradi'smaii orartiwin, tlieie is room for bini if he is only willing to earn his breinl honestly \ and work his way up by imhistry an.l persevernncp. For the partial ami rapidly increasing eradicati.m of these false notions about Canada she has, to a very large extent, to thank the pluck an.l enterprise of her manufac- turers. Kiffy years ago there was not micli a thing as a machine shop or engine or boiler works in what is now known as the dominion ; .-verythiiig was imported, an.l foreigners thought Cana.lacoiil.l not manufacture any iiia- chiuery for horsidf; but the great "Worhl's Fairs "..f JSol in Lon.lon, ISM in I'aris, 1SC,2 j,, I.,on(lon, 18(55 in Paris, 1S72 in Vienna, ]S7.0 in Santiago, Chili, an.l, last but not least, of the Centennial Exhibiti.m now in piogress in I'hiUdelpnia, where the mechanical display of the n.)mi- nioii is generally acknowledged to carry otrtlie palm in Machinorj' Hall, has opened the eyes of the world to the lUct tliat Canada is no longer dependent on other countries lor her innnnfactur.'M; that she can ii.,t only supply her own wants, but can go out into the world's market, fairly eompet*. with the iH.!ctiani.al pr.Nlii.-ts of other nutioim, and fre,|n..nf|y wrest the liightwt prizes from them in eompetiti.m, as was the case in Santiago, Chili, last year, when, thi! Waterons Kngine Works, of Hrantf.n-d, Out., took lour (irsl priz.is f.irtlie bestrlrcnlar mw mill in ope- ration, a rotary (iiv pumj., a shingle mill and a circular saw against h.ur Kiiglish ami oni> French comi.etitor. The saw mill literally " Knocke.l spots" out of the others ; they did very well in re-sawing deals or sipiare timber, but when it came to rough log- from th.( fon'st they were nowhere, an.l ha.l to " (akn a back seat" beli.r.. M,e\Va(eninsmill,wliicli cut l.OiiOfe.t of Inmberin 40 miuiit..s, althoiiiih it hail tin' misfoitiuie to cut through I 1 sjiike and hud to stop to n^-s(.| the saw. This naturally brings us to the Waterous Kngiiio Com- pany and suinetliiiig of what it has .lone and is ihiing. Thirty years ago Itraiitford, ( >nt., was a village, ami not a v.ry laig.- one at that ; but it was a go-a-h.-atl, pushing littl.. |.lace, and the line town of Itraiitford to-.lay has, to agieatextent, to thank Mr. C. II. Watenms for estublish- iiiK his engine works then', and the little village for en.-oiiraging him to iiEr, iisr xjsb. 248 The Waterous Engine Works Co., Brantford, Ont. SOLE AGENTS IN THE DOMINION FOR THE Patent Clipper Flang-e Tootli Saw, 2o. per ThoMand will furnish Tooth. Kntiiely BupurBoJing tlio oldSoIiry, TOO LATE. Some people am always too lato, «„d tla-iufor.. a.coii.- I'liHl., tlirough life, uotliing worth .,«,„ing. If thev pioiume to meet you at«ucl. an l,our, they uro never present 1. 1 thirty minutes after. No n.atter how impor- tont the bi.8u.e88 is, either to yourself or to him, he is just as t«.-,ly. If ho takes a pas^.ge in the stea.ner, he ar.-.ves just as the boat Urn left the wha.f, «n,l the t.ai., has started a few minutes before he arrives. His .Ih.ner has been remly for him so long that the eook is out of l.at.ence. Ih.s coui'se the cimrarter we have des<:ribe,l always pm-sues. U,. is never ir. seasor,, at ehureh, at a place o bi.s.ness, at his n.eals, or in h.s be.l. I'..rso„Mof s..ch hab.ts we ca..not but despise. Scores of persons .ave lost oppmtu,.ities of n.akir.g fo.tunes, roceivi..g avou.s, and obta.ning husbands aud wives, by beia.r a (.nv n..,M.tes too late. Always speak in season, an.l be ready at the appointed hour. We wo.. Id not give a f,.. (oran.a., who is not punctual ^o his engagcnents, and who never u.akes up hisn.ind to acertai,. cou.se till the t..ne .s lost. Those who hang back, hesitate an.l t.e.nble -who are never at h.ind for ajo,.r..ey,a tra-Sng, a sweet- h.-ar tor a..ytl,.ng else, are poor sh.ths, a..daro ill-calc..- lated to get a living in this stiriiig woild. A FliWHUGOKSTIONS To ClIKKSH MAKKKSANI) DEALERS. Mauyofthc suggestions which we recently made in .vga.d to butte,-, says the New York Groo:,; will a,.plv w.lh eq,.;d force to cheese. The sa.ne care lu the rl.an- agcmc.it of the cows and the hamlliug of the milk is ..ecessary in both cases. But in cheese making o.r ain. shoul.l bo to keep the cream from separating from the ....Ik. 1 he tiouble is to keep il.o milk from tainting or l-'-.'..iafurely souring. The importance of gettin-r it to tl." factory in good condition is better understood each 8..cceed.ng year. Wo recently visite.l the factory of one ..four most intelligent factorymen. Dr. L. S. Wiglils of Whitesboro, N. Y.,and foun.l that, to secure this end 'he ha.l issue.1 the following rules for the observance of his patrons of I87(i. 1. The milk must be kept scrupulously dean in everv respect. ^ a. No milk to be brought to the factory from cows whom, calves havt! not been dropped at least three days :t. Koth night and moi-iiiiig's milk to be aii-ed with a l!us.s..y aeratiT, or by some other method ecp.ally .rood 1. When brought but once a day, ti.e night's' milk ii.i.st be well cooled as soon iw milked. r>. When brought but once a day, the night andn.orn- ...gs milk must bo put in separate cans, unless both messes are cooled before mixing. ti. No bloody milk from diseas.-.! or feverish cows to be sent to the factory. 7. [Relates for drawing cliees.. to the depot l.y patrons.] 251 8. Any known violations of the Senate law, by either pation or manufacturer, wiU receive the full penalty. ME.«UEIiS OF THE SENATE OF CANADA. NiMBS. p C'lirislii., Hon. UavicI Snfakcr i .^ ^°'-"""' Aikina, Hon. J»m»3 <;T f",'**"'- Aluandor, Hon. (ioorpo Oonservatjvo. a"1"; 'I","'.,"'"'- wiiiuim, F.'ii!a.s'.!'F!z.s.'.'. Arcbiljol, , Hon. Thorao, fjickson. ......... , (h„„, Arnmnd, Lt.-Co . Hon. Josohh Francoin I'ibcml. Ik'Uerose, M.-Col. Hon. josenli "Hvacin'ti.a l^ibcral. Honson, Hon. ,lunH-3 liea "^ "yacinthe Conaorvativc. Botsforil, l.t..(J„l. Ifon. Araos Edwin LeIhtoI. l"urinoi,Lt..(:ol. Hon. John. Cunscrvativo rown, Hon. (icorge , ., , ur™ii, Hon. Jacqnea Olivier, N.l> Liberal. (;an:.b.!ll, Hon. Aleian.lcr, Q V... ,.„ V. .11, lim. Itidmnt William Weir; M.D.':;;:;: tonscrvat.vo. ■ "•ra, Hon. Willinin Henry i u ■ i«|.«iH Hon. Jean CUarloa.:.. .i :; ,V''""'- .. <;iiinic, lion. EiiRnno tonscrvalive. Cocbranc, Hon. .Matlbew iionry ,',' (.orniiT, Hon. Cbarlua , .. , Cornwall lion. Clement Fra'iicU l^ibcral. r.e..erv lion Alexander forcbanaseg^,:::::.-: ^""'"^I've. Ocver, lliHi. James * , .. Dickey, Hon. Uobert Barry OC Ubcrnl. IHckHon M.-Col. Hon. Walter Haraiiio'n':::::.:. ^'''aservnfyo. himoncbel, l,t.-Col. Hod. Uaaiire „ Mibrc, H .. , Wilmot, Hon. Robert Duncan Liberal. Wilson, Hon. Charles '-I^^^^HH'ZZZ.Z ^'"^^»»'>"- MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS OP CANADA. Anplin, Hon. Timothy Warren, """""""'• Potmoa. . (^.'".'•i'f ), "V, Gloucester Liberal Archibald, Cyril Stromont. o • Avlmor, Hoi^ Henry.. Rioliraond and Wolfe.. " aby, Louis Francois George, q.O..Jollette Conservali™ ain, Thomas North Weatworth.....Utaml llnnnatyno, Uoii Andrew Graham uioorai. B,";\"™t"^~i,i;-o:; PT^Poher.. Conservative. WcharM^'Jr F™n,ois:.;:.., . ...^^ LibemI Coa.erva.ivo. B«noit, Pierre Uraiil, J.P Oliambly.'.','..,'.'.'.'.',!.'.',',',',' n n it ! ■H '/i9 ' I i' ''^9 J t; ■ t^^B ^ * ';9 TORONTO CENTRAL SASH, DOOR, IlLIND AND MOULDINO FACTORY. J. P. Wagnor, iimruifactiiror of sjirIk-s, .I„ui«, I.ImhIn, wi.idow fraijics, inoiildingH, etc. The (l,ct..iv, olli.v ami yards are situated at .5!) to 7;i Adelaide street. West Torotito. This is the largest laetory of this kind Wo have seen in Toronto, giving eniploynient to over one hundred and twenty men. The Caetory is well suj-plied with all of the most approved iniiehinery l„r the niann- fnciure of the above nanie.l goods, and parties visitin- Toronto would do well to call at the above uam.MJ place before purchasiiig elsewhere. C'uii.mTvaiivi'. ■ LilHTal. BcrniPr, Henri I,olbini0.rc i,ii„.r„i ortmm John w,.st PoUTborouKh. - «cklm.n, ItobiTt ii„,,TO|| lihini, David, LI,,|) Wvsl Vdrk " Ijhikc, Ilou. Kdwarii, M.A., Q f...'.'.!Hoiilli llnic'o'.'.'.".".' " lilniu-hel, Li.-Ciil. Hon. Josi^ph B.g;r5?Sickwiiii;i;A:ilf"^'^"»^" ^'i'--' <^■"-v»Uve. Hournsja, Krnnijois, jun St Juliii u lottiimn, isasc h fjurUi Whi.t iio LiU'ial lioycr, Louis Ali.honso Mu«kirio,im ■i-irKiai. rooks EdwarjTowlc,. M.A Shcrbrooko Con., rvati... rouse, \V,1 mm Hemy, M.A., M.D.,Souil, (ircvillo K rown.Lt-Col.J.imM West llnatiiigs ( nn»m-ilive uell, Lt.-(;ol. Jacob Uock8Uldor....Hrockvillc... iTraV uustcr, Hon. Arlhiir Vancouver ' " urk, llnrvcy William w.-st Hurbam " Itiirpc*, Clmrlcs .Sunbury u Burpee, Hon. Isaac m. John, "n.'h"".'.'.'.'" " Cameron, Hector, g.C, M.A Norlli Victoria. tameron, I,t.-Col. Hon. John Uillyard, D.U L,, Q.C Uardivell Cameron, Hon. Malcol.-n South Ibilnrio Oarmichacl, Lt.-Col. James Win.... I'ictou Caron, Joseph Philippe Hcu6 Adolphe, It C.L... q„„1k..c Couiily Cartwrirht, Hon. John Uichurd Lennox Casey, George KUiott, li.A Wc.tt Elgin Casgrain, Philipiie Haby l.'Islet... Cauchon, Lt-Col. Hon. Joseph Ed.ciuebec ('onire ' Charlton, John .„ North .Norfolk '.'. Ohoval, Uuillaumc, J.P liouville Church, Charles EUolianl, J.P Luneuburit Christie, Thomas, M D Argenteuil Oimon, Ernest Cliiconlimi Cockburn, Alexander Peter,. Coffin, Hon. Thomas Colby, Charles Carrol Cook, HerraoD Henry North Simooc, Costigan, John, J.P Victoria, N U. Coupal de Si. Cjpricn, Siite, J P...Napiertillo Cunningham, James, J.P AVcatniinster Currier, Joseph Merrill City oi'dtlawa Cuthbflrl, Edward Octavion llerthier. .. Davies, Hon. Daniel Kings P. K i De Cosmos, Hon. Amos Vieloria lIC Delorme, Louis st. Hyacintlio.' Desjardina, T. C. Alphonse Hochelaga De Saint George, J. Esdraa Alfred, M.D Portiieuf f )(» . i DeVeber Jeremiah Smith Holes City St ./oliii "nu"" <.' Devlin, Lt,-Col. iternard Slontreal, Cei'uro'..."."! « Uewdney, Hon. Edgar, C.E Vale.. . u DomviUe, James Kimrs NB c „ Donahue William ..Miss'fJi.uoi .::7.;:::' L™™?"'''''"- Dugas, Firmin Mcmlialm ■'"•riii. Dymoid Alfred Hutchinson SJ iCk.:.;:.::::::: Lz;:;,''^^ Farria, John Queen's, N.B * ^^^.i^lS^ Frederick; N:iv:fcf!; i:-;;: '■'""•" •'»-^:""v.. £i!i^_"'J^i"i??' KingB_ton, J.P East (}rey...:"'.'.',;;'.',:;;'.c'on»er»alif«. „ , , Conservative. ••!,'",V*" MUtuI. Mielbiiriie u Siaiisiiad Lilieral Cou.wrvativo. MlKT-il. Conservative. Mbiual. JiN'ral Conservative. Con.iervative. liiberal. ■ -■Cun.s^rvii(ive. Flynn. Hon. Edmund Power... .'..!!'.Uiehmund,NS Forbes, James Fraser, M.D guoen's, N.U .■.^I.'ludeiH rraser Jame, llarjhaw London.' Lilniral cS frechette, Louis Honors Levis ^""»i.i Oalbraith, Daniel Nortii Lanark Uaudet, Jobspb, J.P Mcolet wndent. onservalion. Liberal. ■ Conservative. O'oftion, Hon. F6iii, n.p verchi,r..;::::::;::::;::::^S" Gibson, Wilham Dundas I'l'ierai. Oill, CharlMlguace,j:,.L.B I'auiaska '.'..'I'i.'.'conservative. lifiB , "'■"" Liberal. lotte I. ■ .Two Mountainn.. ■ North Cutario.... (lillie.i, John ^„ ,1 (.ilmor, Hon. Arthur Hill, jun.....'.;.Chaili lilobensky, Charles Auguste Maui- „">ilian .r„„ . Gordon, Adam ""il,;,ii, <;""-ii,'-,» -on iien;y.......z.;;.;„;;,',li """'''•''' ■-":' i::;;;;;Ak:i":'!"!;:.:;:v:::::'7-K,lp-'-:- IhiKi^^'v'J^-'^^r'H ""^riiiLiben.i';;::;;' iig;ateS^i!:;.i;vi^;n'^:::-;^:.iS [M.o,i;ihm:-i;;,,ia;rii;i;„inou;j:i;,?£::..^^ .'>">•., Maior David Konl..'. ... . , S iie,'.;!. l"i''lK'nden lnde|iendent. Liberal. onservalivc. " ral. servativo. ral. Conservative. ^ __ _ rvative. Jette, Ijouia Amalile Jones, Lt.-Col. All'n'il Joi Ke Ki!-"'7i';"'rrv •■■; *■'"■ "I'l R 1.., t,t.-( ol, John Angus Guvsboronrh ii Kirk^ialriek, Lt.Col.G.wg" Airey, ^ •" I-'frnme; Toussaini Aiiioi™ '''"'""'"'" ''iberul Conservative. ^iiiril, tloii. UavK Oiii"n'« P w i Liberal. CunsorvHtivo. -y"l"kin George, M.D ^r.^Southt^ •:.■.■.■.: Langevin, Hon. Iluclor Louis, C.lt, '' L.^Bi;;is;jean;L:i;;D:;y;c;;;;;;;;;'j,;;«;3i;^^^^ Macdonahi; The'liighl ,i;;;,-;q,;l'-"""">. t'Mitro o John Alexander, K C,ll., D.C.L., MllhZlll,'.slm,K.iyQiV..:.\\.\.:\:i'^^^^^^^^^ Consei.vall,e. J acdongall, Colin...;..' .E^^t K , ■, Jaeke /,„., Hon. Alexander Lamblon I-H'ual. M:p!;:'';;,!^:r't,i:il^--^a„^;v;«""»'"''''-«---i:ii«n.l«^o,iservati, Mecanl,^"'L;;chiiuz;:.±-:. MZk"""" ■■in i*^''°»""tivo. McChaue;-, William, J.P J|aUo„ "' i -i. ' McDonaUf, 'William, 'j.P .... Ca « HnMonrii I' ',''*"'■ M.Douitall, .lohn Lorn kV.?, ''"' "• ■'i'*™! CousiTvativc. McDou^all Wil!;am,y:r.\Vr.:\:;;^^^^^^^ ^il-ml. , McGreevy, Hon, 1 hols Q^i;*!^ Wc t;::;:z''""'";y""™- McGregor, William j.-,^,,. , , , Melulm., Veler Adolphus, M.D., '"''"'*'• C.ll Mclsiutc, .\ugU8 McKay, Thomas MeLeod, (ieiirge Mi-Nali, Arcliilmld Mcljiiude, Arthur...... Melealt'e, .lames Mills, David, LL.Il Mitclnll. Hon. Peter.. Molliill, George, J. P.. .Monti-ilh, Andrew Moulplaiser, Hypolilo. Mo„siean,j;;j;,\; Alfred: y;c.::::::iiri'''"'" Norris, James Lincoln "I'ver, Tl as North (j'Jf,',r.T (Prion, (leorge Turner, M.l). ^' ■ Kings, P. K. I Antigoiilsh Colchester Kent, N.Ii Glengarry South Victoria. East Vork Iloihwell •^"'■,'.''"'"'>''rl'>n(l,N.li.Con8err8li "estigouche u Niirlh Perth I'hamplain.. 'nJeiiendeiil. LilHTal. Conservative. ....liiberal. ....Lib. ....Cn ■.ivativo. ....Lii..rttl. M It.CS,. "1 ,.l"se|,liAld,ric,i;Lit ''V.'iln,,""'''"'*-'',''", ''''r,™' ^"''""'"''tive. I'ullncr, .KliLS Lo.kwoinl, qALZt^,. Joiin' •(■';;, ™d*'''"''''"'''''*- l-ale^on, William i^ZurlJ!" ''""""• l>..li..i:.- .11 I .1 i oouill Krailt n I illelier, Charles Alphonse Pantn- f..„v"'ii",V."u;"-'; V; Kamoiiraska o I err>, ilou. Stanislaus Francis Prince .. Vites, Nathaniel, J.P Brorae.:.::.;: Pickard, John \g^v u ,, PiiHoniieaiill Lt,.('o|. Alfred, J P.. ' ,-, I'lati, Samuel K«i"iw»; Conservative. Plumb, Josenh Hiirr IvZa™ " I"rte|,endent I'"!';'.. I'"" •*";;" ii.nry ::'.coSn::::;:::: <-<"'«y''""'- onhot j™, Inptisle Temscouili Libera Power, I'ninrk Halifa- Liberal. L fo an ,, ',,, .' . ■ ,, iiniMHI 11 J ozvr, (JhrtBtiaii lleiirr fteminK I'w '-i-l;';'- « 'I'l?™ """"'t ■:::::Ar^«iis;;:::: Klrliard, Edouard Emery, H.O.L....Meg«ntic.... :.. « liobillard.l'lysse Janvier, J.P Kcauharnois <• lohiiison, Hon, John Devirley Ton mo We^i ^""'ervative. noW|ame, Hon. Theodore, M^O.jlZ^^^^i^:::::- Knclu'ster, John ('•pi«(n« /i«* lioscH., Flancis Jame,. ...■.■;.•.■ vf/^Vi™'!/^^^^ , „ ' Kos.,(ieoigeW,ll,ani WesUhlld l.i^e-, "-"T."'' Ross, Lt.-Lol. Halter Prince Edward ..."Z o m 1 •M I J & (ESTABLISHED I860.) F»- "w .A. C3r nxr E! n. MANUFACTURER OF 1>00U AND FRAMES, MOULDINGS.! Kope k Spiral Mouldings For Ornamenting Columns. Shelving, Counters, Verandahs Porches. Conuces, Baluston., Window and Door Frames ' Letters for Sign Boardp, and numerous otheipurposos ' of tho following sizes ; ' Ig, l.i -'J, 2i 2;J, and up to 4 inclios, l;,)tl, ri^rl.t .n,„l loft » Ilimnfj ,,..,foi.|o,l a Machine f„r umkin.- Ropo & Spiral f^Zl^^^y ""' ",";■■ -I'l'lv tl.o T,a,u,„.i.l, the Ha,ne,of the I altoniN sliowM O.I this can!, lor al.oiit oiio-lbiirlh tho cohI 'imly the trade at the shortest possible notice and at reasonable prices. My Faetoiy is one of the oldest and most eomidcte of its kind in Toronto having all of the hxtest and most approved Machinery. And every facility for Manufacturing House Furnishing of any description. Employing during the summer months from 80 to 120 hands. i ^ o """& FactoT'ij ctiul Yard, SO to TQ .A.delAlde Street -West, - Tonoi^TO. ■i' t 253 TORONTO SCALE WORKS. To Jlossra. C. Wilson & Soii,E8plumule stroot Toronto, belongs tho honor of having the oldust and best known s<;iJe manufactory in tho Dominion, the works having hi!cn e8tal)lishi'(i in 1861, and grown in reputation so much tiiat it now gives constant employment to about thirty men. Tiio factory is a tiiree and a half story framo structure, having a frontage of forty feet by a deptii of seventy feet, and contains all of the newest and most approved modern machinery for the manufacture of scales, the motive power being supplied by a twelve horse power steam engine. These scales iiavo always taken the hrst prizes at Provincial exhibitions, whenever offered for competition ; noticeably in tho Ontario exhi- bitions of 1874 and 1876, when they took the first prize amongst a host of competitors. They have also receive ' a diploma from the Governor-General, being the only scales in the Dominion which have received such a distinction. The firm manufactures every kind and grade of scales, from tho smallest counter or balance scale to tlie largest railway track scale. Old scales can be repaired ot these works and made equal to new, and any scale can be adjusted to tho now Dominion stand- ards, or to the metric, or decimal i-yatem at short notice. noMlcau, Francois Fortunat, B.C.L.Dorchcstei Liberal Consorviuiv.' Ryan, Joseph OConiioll Mamuelto Liberal Kymal, Joseiih South Wenlworth " ' Scatclicrd, Thomas North Middlesex " Bchnltz, Hon. John Christian, M.D.Lisgar " Scrivcr, Julius Huntingdon .' " .Sh.blcj- Schuvler AddlP.to.... Liberal Conservalive. obort, John, J.P Oasi i* Sinclair, Hon. Peter Qu«ei ,. i. 1.....'!. Lilieral Skinner, Lt. Col. James Atchison South ..(ford " ' Smith, Hod. Albert James, IJ.O.. U'cstmoreland " 2"'!,'S' i?°>"- ?","»'* Alexander Selkirk V.on,nn\w Smith, Rol«rt, J.P Peel LilH-ral. Snider, (jcoric North Or«y " Stephenson, hufus. Kent, Ont.' Conwrvaliv,. Stir on, David, J.P South Wellington l.iheml. St. Jean, Piorro, .«.D OtUwa City. ■' Taschercau, Henry Thomas, B.C.L.Montmagn\ " Tbibaudeau, lion. Isidore Quebec, East....." " Thompson, Major Darid naldimand "..... ' Thompson, Joshua Spencer Cariboo Thomson, William .Moxander Welland Trcmaiue, Barclaj- Edmund Victoria, NS Trow, Jnmes, J.P Sf ath Pcrlli... " " .D., Cumberland „. ,, ian.Di Wallace, John, J.P Ai ('(in.^'iTviiliviv Tuppnr, Hon. Charles C. It, M.D, L.R.C'S. fEdin.] ! Vail, Lt..Col. Hon. William flcrrian.Digby r....ljiwnil Wallace, John, J.P Aihert " }Ji"",""/ "^O'S" South Norfoik.V.;; ■.■.'.'.;'. Con.ierv,iliv.., \\ lite, John Bast Hastings White, Petcr.jun North Renfrew '< Wimil, Anthony Trew Hamilton LiWral Workman, Thomas, J.P Monlreal West " wl^'ff,'' ''wn"'- ■*'!,"',? ;, ""*™ County. Liberal C,..H,.iv„iive. Wriirht, William McKay, n.A , .."•';/' ,■ Pontiac Ico. Hon. James Prince Lihoriil \onng, James South Waterloo ■■ PlilNTINO OF TEXTILE FArtRICS. Wi;hin those last fifteen years there has been a method discovered of increasing and decreasing the tints of certain colours, without interfering with the white, but it is not tmiversal. A roller is so placed that while two or three rollers .-ire wnrkitsg i.>ngitudi!ia!ly, it w'li be printing in the contrary direction anotiier colour, which acta chemically upon tho others and changes the shade. In those printed elaborations of the art which tend to make it a repulsive mystery, instead of an attractive and interesting study, eleven styles of calico printing are enumerated, but these throe contain nearly the wholt! of tlieni, the subdivisions being only tiie natural fruit of increased data and fanciful arrangenient, We liave, how- ever, to notice, th&t known by the term Steam colours as tho modern style. There are not many colours wiiich attach themselves finnly to the piece by the mordant, but by exposing tho goods so printeil to the action of steam, the substance, the mordant, and the colour, inti- mately combine. It is not exactly a style, but it pro- duces novelty, and is, moreover, very advantagtious. A perforated cylinder, connected witii a steam pipe, is used as a roller for the printed piece, after it iius been first well covered with coils of blanket, and the steam is turned on to a temperature of 800° or 210° for half an hour, and then unrolled directly, exposed to tho uir, put into a warm room for two ilays in the ageing process and it is done. It tends to fix the colours, and gives brightness and elegance to the work. It is, however, necessary to remark that for steam goods there must be n careful selection of colours, and as careful a prepara- tion. It is not every colour that will work in the process, and after the materiid lias been what is called padiled (in the case of mineral colours), they are dried over a hot stove and hung up for a few days, then washed in hot chalky water, rinsed throughly in cold, and after drying, passed through the calender before being print- ed. The last species of style is that known by the term Spirit Colours. These hues are derived from various woods mixed with muriate of tin. They are very bright, but do not stand. The small four-colour machine is usually employed, and as the piece comes from the mariiiiie, the gallery over which it passes is not so hot as usual, and it is necessaiy to rinse carefully in running water, washed and rapidly dried in moderate heat. In preparing the colours, etc., for calico-printing an artificial thickening is employed, which varies in consist- ence according to circumstances. The degree of con- siNtency, the nature of the (liickening material, require to t>e varied according to tho minufeness of the design fm.l the nature of the substance to be applied ; particidar colouring matters and mordants oilen requi.ing special thickners. A diftere.ice in consistency \vi)i . aust! a diiler- ence in shade, and the time r inircd (o, tiie li.vation of a morilant is considerably afl^,ct«d by tl-.e untune ami consistence of the tickening material with whic.ii it has been applied. The usual articles usimI tor thispiirposeart- simple fiioilgh, vi/.:— wheat, starch, flour gum arabtic, Hritish gum, calcined potatoe starch, gums senega! and triigacanth, salep, pipe-clay, and china-clay mi.\eil with glims, rice starch, sago, sulphate of lead ; but the most u.wru! jm' wheat, Kfjirs'h, .•ind iiimr. S61 m TORONTO SOJIXE: WORKS, C Wil^^onf^-So,i, JPvopi-ietors. Th. MM«TO KiU W0.IO «. H. ,ld.„ sc.:, wori, In ti. r-ta!,. ., C„.la, htvlnj won MIABUOnit IH 1881. Th<.l-ro|,ri,.t„r.woul,IlK.Kl..»v„ lu Stat, llml ll.ey ,,„,„o9a facililiM fur Man„r„o,„r,nK «hich arc „„l «ur,,.«,a.d L. Ihi. country ; M, a H r™,;' •"'""^ 7"" -x„..,.iv.. cr, U,a,nrwUs J.:^ jiiudl^ ./ work and style of jinith. 'i^U fiindi of ^cah6 ami ^ei^hm^ MiMnvi, TlH*. Srales liav,; In^cn awnrdi.d Ihe higlical Pr«e at il,e Public I'l ™°v'.!d "''"'""" «'"'">-verullcred for coui|«li(i,„., «„d Imvc „ls„ A GRAND DIHLOMA FROM THE GOVERNOR GENERAL. Scam:r Rki-aikki) at the Shortest Notice. Scales adjusted to the NEW DOMINION STANDARD and albo to tho Metric or Decimal System wlicu required. Every Scale Warranted. SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. ■^^ 256 {V *^ , ?4e . ,. m U. M. wan;!' iACO. Si'wiiig iiiiU'liiiK" iimmiCactinviH, Iluiii'lton, ()i,t. 'piic iimcliiiictnidc in ( '.iiiiula, has ili'vi'Iojicil int.; cNtraordiiiary (lim.Misioii.s within the p.ist liftcfii yours. Since thu (Into rcliTifil to MOint' lingo cstaMiNhnn-iits havf spiling up •'■ "'11"" Ix'^innings nnlil now ll annlaeiniv of sfwiuK niachiiu'M has Ix'coini- diii' of the niiisl, in.iMitant in tlic Dnniinion, fiivinj; crnplcyiniMit to several thousand men and prolitahle investment Cor some nnilion,; ol'(K)llarH. 'i'ho largest of these and first estahiislied in (Canada, is tiial, uf R. M. WanzorA Co., vvhirli reeeived the following un- precedented distinctions al the Vienna exhibition in IS7;t. Two medals of inerii, a distiMctiou not obtained by any other sewing niae)iines at the exhibition. One grand silver nn-dal for the b.-s' Tiniily and inanufaetiirisjg sewing mnclilneg. His Majesty tlie Kmperor of Austria coni; r- red npim Mr. U. M. U anzer th,' iron .'nv- ,ind knigl.ied him with the ordin- of Kramis Josej ' I'w firsr, for his valuable st'rvices in the sewing iuaclii:i( jjiiiine.*. wliich were the highest honoin-s conferred at the exfiibition. Mr. Wari/.er is tlu! only sewing machine niHiiv.',- hirer iii Great Britain and its colmiies that rceivcd (bo»v nonoin-s. The factory of K, M. Wan/.er .<• Co., nhirli v.eare now about to describe, is situated on Ihe corner oi'Sving and (i.therine streets, Hamilton, Ontario, and was esta- bli^'cd in the year fsiio. This i, tlio largest sewing ninci iic factory in Canada ai..! tin- third largest on the continciifc of America, giving i iiiploynu'iit to over four hundred nids, and bius a capacity (m- turning out fifteen hundred ki.,,. ; incs a week. Can,-da ought to feel proul himdrcil liorse-peAr 1,,,;^^, buil by ^ ""'y * <^'"'. «>' l*'""!"- We tht ii pass i:o the ».:cond floor ; a variety of .peratioicj are cond ^- 'ed here. Men "it in front of em,, ry wheels, revolving at the rati! of three tlu...sand revolif-.;>, a minute, polishing needle bars, Ac, the i'list from :!..■ material Hying o«' ar white heat from the rapi.iity with which tUo. machines Aorl:. Here the little bobli-swh; ;, hold liio threadin the shut- tle ar- .ladein large numb, -s ; inxt are Ijith.^ for -.vood- work, machines for fim'shitig ai I 'lolishinr, ac.rew.t jfcc. .Several rooms are oi: this lloo.. sucii .isstoreir ,,iand room forfittin;rup stands, blacksmiCi's shop for light work, and twl room. We then pass to the third Hoor ; here all the parts are adjusted and brought together to make a com- plete machine, after passing thn inspector who exannncs them to see that all are perie. t. There are several rooms on this floor, such as japanning room, ornamenting room, nichel plating room, and r,,om for baking. The japanning and ornauientirig of the ^nachine is quite an interesting operation ; after the fiui. coat of black japan IS applied the article* are placed in ,ui oven and heated to (bur hundred degrees, and bake.' for eight hours. They are then re-coato m mm HAND LOCK STITCH Sewing Machine To work by Hand or Foot. THE WANZER '^A'' (Straight Race,) HAND LOCE STITCH SEWING MACnOE. THE WANZER "A" (Straight Race, WITH STAND,) To work by Hand or Foot. li' ft i«i^liflil% With Reversible Feed Motion, specially adapted for Light Manufacturing purposes. THE WANZEE "D" For Tailors and Manufacturers of Heavy Goods. THE WAHI^EE **!»» With Wheel Feed for Manufacturing and Heavy Leather Work. R. M. A^ANZER & CO., DOMINION OF CANADA. •257 L-1 using tlii8 invrntion. Tlicre nro otlier buildings connect- ed witli tiic factory too numerous to mention. There ore over forty thousand squiiro feet of flooring in the building. R. M. Wanzer 4 Co., send their machines to all parts of the world, England, f'rance, (iermany, Russia, Norway, Sweden, Holland, Belgium and Mexico. South America has been an increasing customer, Austra- lia and New Zealand take large supplies, and the Almond- eyed beauties of China and Japan make their silken robes on the Wanzer sewing machine. Even Africa stmdstothe New Dominion for sewing machines, and tlie little magi- cians play on the banks of the Nile, under the shadow of Table Jlountain. Indeed the centre of the continent is not neglected, for the Transval Republic away up in that dark land is roRularly supplied, thus Wanzer & Co. are not only benefactors of their race in civilized lands, but they send out cargoes of mute but elofjucnt missionaries, which if tliey cannot teach the nations the truths of Christianity can at least lead them the way by teaching tlicm fust the arts and comforts of civilization. The catalogues of this extensive fiini are printed in thirty-two ditl'erent languages. They have been awarded Medals, Diplonias,lIoiionrs,and Prizesat all European E.\hibitions; at Vieiiiui, capital of Australia, Royal Diploma in ISC) 1 ; at the National Kxhibitionof the lirilish Isles, held in Dublin, first prize medal in ISOli ; at the liritish Exhibition, held at Dudley aiid York, two first prize medals in 18G7 ; in the same year at the Great World's Exliibition, held in Paris, France, they were awarded the first tyid highest prize medal for family sewing machines, eighty-seven competitors; at Manchesterand Cheltenham, EngIand,two first prizes medals in 1668 ; Sidney, Australia.gold medal, J 871 ; Lima, Peru, gold medal in 1S72 j Moscow, Russia, gold raedalin 1872; Vienna three medals ; at the Santiago (Chili) World's Fair, first medal in 1876, and we have no doubt that Messrs. Wanzer & Co will receive a first prize at the Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia. It is proper to observe that all goods to be printed have to undergo a very important previous operation— that of bleaching—of which we will give an outline, premising that silken cloth only requires to be boiled in a solution of soap and soda to remove thegtnn, then passed tiirough dilute sulphuric acid, and washed and dried. . Cotton goods demand an elaborate treatment. Previous to bleaching, the fibrous down or nap on the surface of the cloth must be removed. This is done by singeing. The piece is rapidly drawn over a red-liot half-cylindric bar of copper jilaced across the flue of a fireplace, situated immediately at one end of the bar, and then directly passed round a wet roller to cool. Iron bars were formerly used, but cojiperones last ten times longer, and will singe three ti.-nes the quantity with the same fuel. One ton of coal in a proper furnace will singe Ij.lOO i)iece8 over a copper bar. The process is n'lKNiled tliiee times ; twice on tlie side to be printed, and once on that intend- ed for the back. Tiie colour of the goo.ls thus treated- becomes light brown. Mr. Hall, of Haxford, Nottingham, some fifty years ago improved on this method by using gas. On the gas-pipe is placed horizontally another pipe, pierced with jet-holes, the width of the piece to bo singed : over this is a con- trivance like a retort, with half the bulb taken away,and of the same width as the pipe below, communicating by a tube with an air-pump, which is kept working. Just between this gas-flame and the retort the cloth is made to pass, horizontally, sw'ftly enough to prevent itaignition, and of course the cloth presses against the bottom of this exhauster rather forcibly, and cuts off the flame without passing through, singeing only one side. The calico is then steeped in cold water to soak, or better into half- boiling water, or boiled for a short time ; this is done to remove the weaver's dressing. Hut it is found best to use a hidf-boiled weak spent alkaline lye, and let it ferment for IJ d«yN, when the dressing has been of sour paste; but the process must not exceed a certain time, or putrefaction will begin, and then no bleaching will make it white, beside which the texture will bo rotten. Tlie goods are washed by the dash-wheel, then boiled with lime in a vessel constructed for that purpose. A pan of wrought iron placed on the furnace contains the lime-water; it is covered with a larger, containing the goods and having a perforafe 2. 3} so 0> miles of Bed, m, latter place with the C. C. C.and Iii(liana|)oliH H. Roivd, Atlantic and Great Wohtcrn ),. |!i,ad and the CIcvo- hind and I'itlsl.urg U. K. fur all i-oints in tiic <"i*l, W.'st and SiUith. 1 The (unring, Via Niagara Falls and Detroit tVoin Vow York and Boston to Chicago, w ithont change. '^^y^^VSCft^^*' ■ ^ JN'umber of JSTew DINING CARS Have recently been jtlactd upon the principal Exi)reHs Trains running between Detroit and SH8i)ension Bridge o . wiis Railway, in wliich meals are served to passengers of tli entire train at the mod«rat« rate of 7oc. Tliese Cars will no doubt be aj)prcciated by the travelling Cominunitv as a want long felt and Passengers on these Express Trains will be enabled to get their Meals on board at moder- ate rates. T^Kenieinber that the GREAT WE.STE|{N RA!LW.. i' is the only Line betweer Detroit and Niagara Falls and Buflalo runniii"; these PARLOR CARS Are run on Day Trains between Hetroi md SLspension .^lidge; also between Toronto and Buflfalo, via the Falls, making this the most popular route between Buffalo and Toronto. Tourists and Pleasure Seekeri should travel by this Railway and not fail to see the Vagant h'alls, winch can be 8<'.;n in all their beauty while crossing the Great Nin Jr ;r Suspension J'-idpc-. Be sure and u;ik for Tickets reading via Great Western Railway, which can be h.id at the Othces of all connecting Lines in the United Sti tes and Canada. F. BROUGHTON, General Manager, Hamilton, Ontario. WM, EDGAR. General Passenger Agent, Haniilto!?, Ontario. THE ONLY PATENT MACHINE f apir Jjj f jctury ig {\s |winiii. P. 1870 -B. J. C. WILSON & CO., Manufacturers and Printers of Pilni ietiis hw Bsii il Fliir Ssch, and dealers in PAPER & TWINES. 584 CRAIG STREET MONTREAL. Sole Manufacturers and Owners of the Patent for Canada of Bemien Pnknt Square Bay, N Send for Price T ic.t. 259 FC II Bttoiiili'd with tho result of oiiiploying mom artiEtim Tlii'Uft v;iri(ii|ii prix'ciMim wcro roriiicrly liiiiiilicrurt in ii iiidf mill lioini'ly timliioii. Nitw they lire HJnipiy iiiii«iii- licriit tiii'toi'N ill Ik Htiiiirmliiim rcNiilt, llir |inMliirll(iti nl uiillioim ol yarilM of iiidnitfly vniicii iiiliclt'ii ol' tiiinitiirti or rlutliliiu, wiiirli viTy iiiiiiii-uNiiniliility wuiilil l>o iniiltiplii'il iii(liliiilri'ly if ('lu'iiiii'iilNkillroiilil rtliorlt'ii Ihc tiiiiy, oriiii'i'liaiiii'iil sliill ncri'lcruti; tlin work. Tl:il' TO CARUATkACA. 'I'iu' tJiiiili' I'uok wnn riglil iilxiut Cmriitnicii no fur ii« il wont, lull iliu tiiiiilc' llipoks nciirrally " iiiiitiito tlin noblo lloiiiuii il liiivity." I wiis ik^ a uimIit tin- cIiito- iiii,«i,' of my liiwi to learn tlioxi- IfdHoni in prai'ticiil jjco- prapliy, ami kic with my own ryi's tlmsf wigliiM w liicli till! most t'oiiNcii'ntioiis Oiiitio lluok uaiinot tciu'h nor It was n lovely Siibbath morning as I liavc ulii'ady xaiil, and when, afti-r lircakfiist, wi- set oiil (or our niiiililc, I fi'll all that cxlijliration of one who thoiigli wiirpt'd and Worn by thret- imhrokfii years of head work in the hearing oftliuHtoiiy strcetN, has ever liad tho country with its uiiiidiilterated air and siiiiiihiiu! present with hiiii. N'nw, Throii((li ((olilrn v»|>or> of Ihc morn, I licnrd llic hlt'ut of iihrv|i ; I (rod with A wild icsliicj' The lirighl fringe of tlic living »<■». The bright fringe afiirewid wiis ,his of waste water daily, had asserted ilscit as tlio recent and omnipresent mini showed. The grass was yet wet with mornuigdew when we set out. Carratraca Farm eoveisaboiit a.'iti acres, and is mainly blue clay over sand, witli a (rcn cut vein of peat a loot thick. Geidogically the vicinity isonool the most inte- resting ill Canada, and was a long-time favorite with tlie late Sir William Logan. On one side of the road is a large ami level field, destined, under new iiiiiiiagcmcnf, to become an umuseiiient ground, whereon, at no distant period, the youthful swells sojoiirniiig at the Canadian Saratoga s' ill urge their hacks and wield their nianets. The house and its ontbiiildiiigs clust.'r round the creek which is formed by the rising of u myriad springs in one liasin. 'J ben, for half a mile, the property runs back to the wooded heights and deep ravine towards which wo were now wending our way. Along lilllcpaths ot (lamp clay, through grass still glistening, over H^nces and amid stumps on we went. The grasswas alive with creaking grasshoppers, frogs leaped away bead over heels as we ' passed, little snakes drew their rapid gri'en ribbons through the herbage. '< There are snakes about here," says my giiid. "they killed one si\ or seven feet long last week." ( in. into a patch of inipiTin! pnnnies, grow- ing ritiik and eriin«oii, and just beyond them was a siglit worth walking u mile to see. A fiehl of siiii-flowers, each as tall as a man, with great, stin iiig yellow faces, turned to meet the l)lai!e of tlu) tiin. .Such n inns« of g'ir.leiiing gold one does imt often meet. The sight of a grain field is alter all only lliat id solier, i Icralepleiity : its yellow is biisiiicNs like, but this was siimptiioiiN, luscious, exuberant, cloying, and with the glow of crim- son and gold tliroiigli which we had | issed, it was Home time ere it could take cogiii/.aiu'e ol luilder hues. " We are now," said oiii leader, " on the most inte- restinu portion of the fiiriii. .lust below is the ravine, which, as yon see, is a couple of hundred feet lowtir than this table land. The warm spring there is one of the curiosities id' the place. Il never freezes, and in the winter retains a temperature of (W. The most curious thing about it is the crevice in the hill where it rises. This is so deep that its bottom cannot be seen, and when last winter we put a lighted caudle attached to a jiole into it, we found lliat the sides were covered for six or eight inches tlliuk with flies ami niosipiiloes, who evi- dently Muide this their wiiiti'r riiiaiters. The ground here is hollow, and every lew yards you will find a deep hole." The ground did indeed ring ludlow under the foot, and holes wire plenty down which one could probe a teii-fiiot pole without finding boftom. Elsewhere, in u pretty little glade, ovl^rhung with matted boughs and cumbered wilU the trunks of rotting trees, gurgled a stream as cool as ice, over a bed reddened with iron, and whose water sliding into a crevice in tiie eaith, fiills wiili a hollow sound iieviT to rciippcai'. The whole pliii •• seems one cavern. Tlie Indiaiis toid ol it in a legend, that IS now matter ol memory only toanolil priest in the vicinity tioni whom 1 heard it, that this was the Medicine Oroundofthe Great Spirit {Mauitoiiowonah) and that as well it was his armory. In a great lodge of mystery ill the recesses of tlic I'ailli, he started up fire for arrows and tlinnder for war-cliihs, and gnat pestil vs, trouble and destructions, hut that though idd heroes had been found worthy to be admitted to these secrets, and to alliiii thereby invulnerahility, men now were too much siinaw. The legend seems to point to a cave now forgot- ten, and a period of earthipiakeand volcano. About one ollhese caves a story of the jireaent day is told. It is a cave about lliree feet wide at the month and running intoliie cirtli al l twenty-five feet, with a slight ilesceiit. This has been the haunt of bears during the winter fiir many years, the animals hyberratiug, and issuing in the spring when the snow and torpor had passed. In 18(il,the neighbors determined to make some attempt to solve the mystery of the cave, and to deter- mine whetcr i, was the northwest passage, the prologue to (ialcmida, or a short cut to the realms of the Great Hear. One man, Henry I Ic, if my informant's memory did not err, went down let foremost with a rope fastened • i.n .:r,i.-. — y-iTtt-i [»rtrOt-t:-t!i:ig some twcnty-five 2ti0 nv!<^ m «''■* ' NEW WARI^ROOMS. Exleusion of J. WIIYTE I Co.'s Agricultural Works. Wc beg to announce that wc have fitted up for a Ware Room, the buildings formerly used by Mr. Hill as a Skating Rink, OPPOSITE HENTHORN'S LIVERY STABLE, HUNTER ST., and, IVoiii its I'oiitnil position in Town, will be a groat convcnionce to onr Customers and tlio [' vn *" i"'*'''"'" '^" t''^ Inipleiiients nuiiuit'acturod by ourselvey, wo liavo siiccocdod Mb. K. b. Bowie, ni tiio Agoncy for llie salo of tlie Uelobrated Muwino anu IIbapinq Machines, Manu- factured by MES8K8. A. IIakuis, So.v & Co., Bianttord, of which wo have the following:— New Kiiby Reaper, Combined- New Kirby Reaper, Single- Kirby Coinbin;d Baltimore Rake Ceres or Burdick Single Reaper- Kirby Two-wheel Single Reaper- We have at all tinies Patterns of and Repairs for the above Machines in stock atour Foundry The PLOUGH DEPARTMENT Comprisas Eight Varieties, chief of which is "THE CHALIENBE A JMPROVED COMBJNATION PiOUfiH,»» Pitted with Iron Beams and boat hard tempered Amorioau Steel Boards and Stool Landsidos. Thesa Ploughs admirably adiptcd for all kinds of soil. Wo have also on hand, Points and y<>io8 for all tho Ploughs Manumcturod by tho lato Whyto ft Davis, the Peterborough Manumctunng Coy, and Mr. Wra. Him, mado from a mixture of tho host American and Scotch Iron, and Guaranteed to bo Hard and Durable. We have uIeo repairs and Patterns for all tho Machines sold by the above-named parties on hand Hiiving deciJed to iimkc PLOUGHS A SPKCI.VLTY, and by iisinsr notliiii- but fir.st-cliiss nmterial, and Iwivi.i-' i> throuu^li kiiow.cdgt! of thu business, coupled with fair uiid honest dealuig, we liopo to merit and obtain a fair 8)iare''of public i)utroira({e. JOHN WIIYTE, Manager. JAMES WHYTE Sc COMPANY, O.NTAUIO FOUNDKY, PeTEHUOKOUOH. , N.B— The Foundry and Machine Shop is situated on McDONNEL STREET, iumiediately opposite the Carding and Wo. 'Ii'u Mill of Mr. Augustus Sawer8. Pi rborough, June 7th, 1876. 261 WJn fc, <■ ^' P fert tiMoMgli a narrow pnsR„j:e ,i,]g,.,i by tlio action of water an.l the claws of b.ast.s, l„. to,,,,,] liimscIC in a sort 01 chamber about live (i^t iiijiii ami eight \vi(h'. Near Its roof was a hole evidtMitly leading to regions more subterranean. O.ir exj.lorer in cautions guise thrust his cnnille end nito the aperture to reconnoitre the " un- occnpu'd territory." To Ids consternation it was knocked out of his hand, and a [.iece of the hand went with It, while a l.ass growl wra|.|ied in bearskin " went for' hnn. The intrepid exidorer scrambhd out in the host time on record, and iIm- hear following close at his boot-heels, a hairy whirlwin.l of vengeance, was shot. In itSOC, two hears, one a n inarkablv large one, were Killed here. But, " let the dead p.-st bnrv its dead " bears ! We have much to see ere dinnei, and the glorious sun is al- ready high. Leaving ih,. lowland behind us we came to a lull about two hnndrcl feet high. The sandy jiatli up which we panted was red with the iron washed down by tho recent rains. AVe gained the summit, a pleasant close- cropped sward, with a l)a,k-ground of t'loomy pines set ofl h..re and there with thn light foliage of the maple, or the d,.ep rc.l sumach. "And, now," said my guid.-, "look." The whole Onnwa valley abounds with lovely glimpses and Iand8cni.es, wliich if th..y were in Europe, dinicult of access, and fashionably explosive, would attract the attention of Montreal. The remote liai charms, where the next door is common-place. This view that there for the first time 1 lookedupon need notsit belowlhesalt at the great bam.uet of Ottawa scenery. To the right welooked ov.Tinterv.ningraviues, gray with pinesblasted by Ire an.l decay. Beyoad the level was beautiful with dark-green woods as yet unshorn. Further rose the hills ' over whose summits we could see fbr l.'agues, till the eye caught the thin blue bulk of M.mnt Uigund, and tho twin lulls whirl, give their name to the Lake of Two Moun- tains, while a little cloud si owed the waters of the Ot- taw,i at St. Anne's. To the North welooked overlower clumi.s of hills across the river, hidden by intervening ranges, to the loftier hills, which like Alcides bore the weight of the intense blu.^ sky on t|„.ir shoulders. On one of these a little mite ot a white house, the only sign of man's lucseiice, humnnized the pros{.ect. The mag- n-ficence of the view bounded only by the sky and fringed in with ranges of beautiful hills, the puritv of air ami sun, the sublime peace of the whole scene, which in its potent simplicity dwailed mere pastoral or architectural pretti- ness,- these were enough t.i 'nake me, cvnic us I am, keep quiet and lilt ma, hat in homage. "Upon this hill, sh-ltered from the keen northern winds by this screen of p,:ie-trees," said my guide, philo- sopher, and friend, "shall stand the Oarratruca House which hostelry isdestined, under favorable circuiastunces, to ochpsethe fanieof such cots as the Union, the Congress, and the Continental. It shall be built in Virginian style, one story, with an attic for bed-rooms, and a broad, cool. trellised verandah, overhung with vines, which .shall drop shadows and June-bugs iii.on the 'oungcrs. I do not like pretentious six-story houses. Invalids do not want to pant up long llighta of stairs. The rooms shall be large, lofty and airy, tho furnituri! plain, good taste and comfort shall prevail, even at the sacrifice of expense, style and snobbery. The gronndsare to belaid out with serpentine walks. The late occupants here have not been so Van- dal as the generality of farmers in Prescott. They have spared the beautiful cedars and firs which grow in pic- turesfpie clumps up from the level clean sward. That tree yonder, tipped with the light of an Italian moon and shrined in Italian turf, would set half of Europe crazy. There will be rustic seats, and bosky thickets forlovers ; there will be a tramway down to the spring about half a mile Iroin here ; there will bo every appliance for health or flirtation. And if the latter be carried too far, and a man desires to seek in self-murder thetorture denied him in matrimony, all he has to do is to go to that hollow near the road, and drown himeclf. We shall dam the creek and have a pond five acres in extent for fishing, boating, and suicide, and as there will be in some places fully twelve feetof water, every pur]Kise will beanswered. Let us go hence. 1 will show you the plans and eleva- tions of the hotel down at the house." We walked home. The sun was now high, and had lavished the grass and brierof their dew-drops. The red ra.spberry beloved of the bear,— tho beautiful waxen ber- ries of bright scarlet, and, like a coipiette, as deadly as hamlsonie,— these grew in uiiplucked plenty on the slopes. We came to the crocpiet ground, shaded by'beautifulelms and amused ourselves by setting fire to the heapsof brush piled up for destruction. Soon a dozen smoulders of white smoke showed where the last traces of tho forest primeval were vanishing into oblivion and potash. Then we at- tracted by the magnificent geological formations disclosed by the deep cutting of the creek, played the geologist. There is a wealthof minerals on this fiirm. Lithographic stone of the purest quality is found here. There i; a bed of peat almost on the surface. And for those who care for the idle curious, there is great bed of the horns and bones of deer who must have bioiistMl and belled here about the time of Adam. Ami there are fossil shells plainly distinguishable in stones which are petrified mud of some primeval time. And there are other stones glittering with mica, in scales which may be detached by the nail. In one place the wet bank seemed to sparkle in the sun from the nnmber of these particles. Other stones there are tinted beauti- fully with various combinations of sulphur. In short it is not to be wondered at that Sir William Logan had an airection for the place. Tired and muddy we re-enter the house, first paying our attentions to the naiad of Carratraca. Here I niak" an amcudc Imwrnhle. " W., I say, 1 thought when first you sent me that Carratraca, that, like your cordials it was manufactured on the preniiscs. There was u snarkls 2(}2 1 )fmin§, Hill i Ware, Distillers & Manufacturers, MONTREAL. COBOIALS, EiTT£8 '$ '$ Tom Gins, Ginger Wines, Choice Fruit Syrups, Oxxra^^oa,, Oa,r>illa,iro, Ooloring-, TmimI^ Q^^vi-^ii. n 1 M,ye wMskeys. "flS DOMINION CAriRIAGE FACTORY. 'J'iie Dominion Carriage Fuctoiv is located ut No. 9 Pui k street, HiimiUon, Out., and was establislied 1S7I. The buildings are built of biick, two storeys in lieiglit,cover- iiig obout half ail acre of ground, giving employment lo fifteen or twenty hands. This is one of the neatest e.stablisliments of the kind iu Hamilton, and was awarded the fo^ur first prizes at the great Central fair in Hamilton, m 1S75. The firm liave a spacious show-room and ofKces in the front, with tlie factory in the rear. and an actual aroma about it perceptible to nostril as well na to palate. Hut now I find it was brewed in a ulcm- bric subtler than even your patent still ? I nlract." While awaiting dinner, 1 lounmd or rather swung, Cuban fasliion, in a bauunoik on the piazz.i, walchiiilj the passers-by coming from church at Currau. Ye city belles and beaux, little know ycof coloi a.idofcut. Muir hath not seen, nor Gibb heard, neither h;it:i it enteml into the heart of Anderson to conceive styles sucli as these. "There ore chords in the hiunuiiug heart which cannot be vibrated," said Mr. (inppy. 'There arclashious in dress which cannot be iuiagiiu'd, hay I, and these were of them. French carts, guiltless of springs, drawn by furry liorses. Old men with the most pro.ligious beaver hats, wide in the brim, big at the crown, furry all over, ornamented with a short pipe iu the band, rough clean flannel shirts about as soft as niiluieg-g'al.rs, blue or led 01 yellow checked vests, and gr.iy 1/ouicspnn coats and troiiscFs. Old women with black hoods tied round their necks, and green tartan cloaks tied round their heels. Young men in threadbare black frock coals cut with the daring uncertainty of a country tailor. And young women— women to whom the dying dolphin was tame, and the rainbow uniformity itself, and Solomon in his glory dowdy ! And all as they passed home from church called at the spring to drink Carratraca, and tli.Mi went OM their way refreshed. For the spring has a wide renown omoiig the simjile country folk. After dinner we went out tor a drive through the country. The roads around here arc lovely. Carratraca is just on the limit of the sandy uplands, and so escapes those terrible mud-puddles, and as formidable dust holes which are the curse of Caledonia. The roads are hard and level, and the scenery varied and pleasing ; and as there are no less than seven roads accessible from the house one can have change, and bowl merrily along for a week over a difTereut road every day. We came home under the cold winking stars, past trees and swamps noisy with katydids and crickets, and lit up with a myriad of flitting (ire (lies. With Tliack- ery and brandy aud water we wliiled away the long hours till bed-time. To-morrow was to be a bu.sy day. There were three springs to inspect, a mile and a half of taoles and analyses to go through, and there were bass and dord innumerable aiid monstruu? to lure from tho vasiy deep; and on Tuesday the great magnet of the dista.ii city should draw us with its potent allurements over the river and along the rail, till iu heat and dust, and worse, we should forget, or remember with a sigh, the sunshine, the coolness, the rural fragrance, the rustic scenery, and hospitable rest of Carratraca. The reader, not knowing everything, naturally asks : What is C&rratraca? Who is Carratraca? or. Where is Carratraca f according as he dimly imagines Carratraca to bo an eatable, a man, or a village. There was a time some five or six years ago, when Carratraca was the conundrum over which all Montreal vainly exercised its wits. The word of mystery, Quiz, newly chalked on the Dublin shutters, did not create more conversation and conjecture. Columns of news- papers, dead walls, fences, sidewalks, all bore the legend " Carratraca. " As Douglas Jerrold said about Sordella, no one knew if it was a man or a castle. People con- sulted Webster, who was silent; Worcester, who was ignorant ; and Montreal was in a fever, only allayed by — Carratraca I At the Provincial Exhibition of 1S69, in Montreal, the murder came out. Thirsty souls who wandered wide in search of something bibable besides Hatpop and tepid soda, found at the booth of Messrs. Winning, Hill & Ware, without money, and without price, Carratraca. The discovery then flashed across their minds that Car- ratraca was a newly discovered mineral water, cool, nioussant as champagne, with a peculiar taste, half fra- grant and half saline, which utteriy transcended all pre- vious experiences, were they of Congress, Plantiigenet, Caledonia, Seltzer. So much for Carratraca. Humanity is prone to wander, and no sooner was the first problem solved than a second arose. Why Carratraca t What did it mean ! Was it Italian, Greek, Latin, Spanish, Sanscrit, High- Duteh, or had W. H. and W. put the alphabet into that famous still of theirs and evolved Carratraca f The nomenclature of comtiierce, especially in fancy or medi- cinal preparations, is very happy as a rule. Odoiito, Kalydor, Sapolio, Sozodont, Macassar, all these are taking, apiiropriate, original. Carratraca is just as pretty, quite us ajipropriate, but it was not manufactured fin- the occasion. It is a Spanish word, recalling all the romance of Iberian and Mauresque sources— Donnas with twany skins, luminous eyes, mantillas and little feet- Dons moustached, bc3.rapiered,liaughty — mules with tink- ling bells,— gay dad muleteers,— white curvents,— plazas gay with coipieltisli costumes,- bull fights,- alhambras, —and snow-covered sierras lost in the unpiilpablo blue of the sky. In that capital si-ries of papers in tlie Conihill, " The Knapsack in Spain," I find idl about Carratraca. This is what the traveller says : — " Carratraca is apictureaque lonely little village planted on the side of a bare wild valley shut in by lofty grey iiii-j.ii^.j3 ^ , ,^-. r>rirttiica3, ui" purhaps bccausc J 2(ii -^r»a*-tfi ^i>.*^Miii«v DOMINION CARRIAGE FACTORY. Miwgm, Malky i Malcolm, NO, 9 PARK ST.. NORTH, BETWEEN KING AND MARKET STREETS HAMILTON, We s©speettttUF mM.^1% a sliaf « ef year F(t«c«B%g@. I if ^ t5 I JOHN G. LYNN & Co. The lurgo boot and shoe (•stiiblisliiiiciit of Messrs. John G. Lynn & Co., is situatud at Nos. :.'?!» and 281 St, Joseph strccr, nnd is Iniilt of brink, three storeys high, luiving u frontage of thirty feet iiy n depth of one hun- dred and tifty on Majth- Avenne. Einploymerit is given to abont one hundred and fifty hands, and a t<>n horse pow.. steam engine is nsed. The front portion of tlie first floor is used as a show room and olhce, anil in the rear is the engine room, soh' h'ather department and warehonse. On the second flat is the cutting and fit- ting room ; and the tliird Hat is devoted to bottoming and finishing. Mr. Lynn lias had many years experience in the .States and turns out a very superior article. of it, it is high in favor as a watering-place witli the people of Seville, Cadiz, and Malaga, who muster there in great force during the autunm mouths. Kheumatic and cutaneous affections are, I believe, the special pro- vince of the waters, but as far as I could make out there is no ailment under the sun for which they cannot do something in the way of alleviation. Dyspepsia, hypo- chondriasis, loss of aiipetite, over-eating, over-work, or idleness, all these seem to find relief at Carratraca. ]5ut perhaps the strongest proof of the marvellous etlicacy of these baths is to be found in a case which I saw (pioted in the columns of£/ Casmbil. A middle-aged geuth man of ancient descent but impoverished estate hail mar- ried a lady of mature years and some property, and having thus restored the fortunes of his house, was naturally anxious for an heir to his name. After wait- ing in vain he consulted a friend, who recommended a trial of the waters of Carratraca. The advice proved sonuil, for in due time, after a course of the hatha, the worthy couple had the happiness of welcoming a little stranger. But the ellect did not cease hero. For the next fifteen years did tiiat lady continue with astonish- ing regularity to iircsent her husband annually with a pledge of her all'ection and ))roof of tiie potency of the Carratraca waters, and thus, though the continuance of his line was made pretty safe, the restoration of his family to its ancient splendor remained as far off as ever. That is the legend of Carratraca. When Mr. hands me the book, I obstTve that he does well to sup- press the story of the hidalgo, as such marvellous effects might detract from the |>atrunage the Spring is receiving, especially as regards fasiiiunable mammas and American matrons. Now knowing what Carratraca is, and why it is called Carratraca, the rpuistion naturally arises. Where is Car- ratraca t With the precision of a guide-book we answer : " The Carratraca Springs are situated in the Town- ship of I'lanlagenet, I'rescolt County, Ontario, about half a mile from the South Nation River, thirty miles from Ottawa City, and five miles from Brown's Wharf on the Ottawa Kiver, so having daily conmmnication witli Montreal and Ottawa City. The Springs are all contained in a natural basin, nearly nine hundred feet long, by one hundred and fifty feet wide. So numerous are the Springs and so enormous is the supply of water, they give rise to a large and ever fiowiiig creek. The S[)rings are huudred.< in nmnber, the waters rise through a strata of clay which overlies a bed of nuigiietic iron gjuid. A pipe has been driven tlirough this sand to the depth of tliirty feet without striking rock. In sinking the svells now in U8«!, at the depth of twelve feet from the surface, and after passitig through from five to six feet of clay, many horns and bones of deer and other animals were found. Only a few years ago these springs wen; celebrated as a great resort for deer, and even yet scarce a day passes in summer but some can be seen." People never ri-ad gnid(vbooks, and from the way in which they are written and printed, slip-shod and care- less, I don't wonder. Why can't a guide-book bo as well written and as interesting as a magazine article ? It was recognizing this great fact and the principle that the press is tiie Archimedean lever which moves the world, that induced Mr. to invite the writer to visit Carratraca. lo taste the waters, to sej the scenery, and to return and gladden the hearts of the public by a graphic and graceful narrative. It may not exactly answer the purpose, but that is my fault. Five minutes had elapsed since the events narrated above took place. In this brief space of time I had recognized in my estimable hostess the sister of an old school-mate, and was on terms of intimacy with the house-dog. Hut it was not lor this I had come to Car- ratraca, braving the beaf-steak on the Prince, the roads and the mosquitoes. So, armed with a tumbler, we wound our weary way through the mud h'flt by the recent freshet to the barn already mentioned. It was a big buihling, with a sticky clay floor, heaped with casks, barri^ls, and kegs. Two small platforms, with pumps in the middh', stood up amid the nniddy confusion, and a man seated on a keg was working the brak(! of one of the ptmips, while through a gutta-percha [lipe into a fuimel in the bung-holcof oncof tiie barrels, was flowing the pure Carratraca. Here, said Mr. (filling a tumbler and handing it to nie,) lune is (Carratraca. I look the goblet filled with water as pure as distilled sunbeams run through an alombric of diamond, — spark- ling, — moussimt with gases of virtue as the jolliest Verzenay or Clicquot, — cold, so cold that a film clouded the glass. 1 tasted. " Talk of your Sugar-of-lead wines, and your chemical nastinesscs," said 1, the enthusiasm of the poet breaking c )nveiitionalities like cobwebs — "who shall peer the per- fection cd' the great Chemist; who with patient processes deep down amid the secrets of the earth, amid sands of gohl, and diamond spar, and reel iron, and a myriad iin- iiTiiMHifl JOHN G. LYNN & CO., Manufacturers of Boots and Shoes, ■w-ia:oi:jiE3SA.iL.E: ^tixd h.E3t.a.i3i.. I Retail Department: (COENER OP MAPLE AVENUE OPPOSITE MURBA\ STREET). FACTO'EY: 2, 4 and 6 fflaple Avenae, MONTREAL. m aa C. 1). lODWAlJDiS. The fire nnd burglar proof mife maiiufa-tory of JFr. C. D. Edwards was cstnlilislird in Caiiai,ln"S8 iiud all aparklc, All liiilhie (if tlif wine slojipg Wheri' rimmiiiigiics liofqucts d»rkle, Ail IrHKraucc of ihe Toilet Wet with till! di-Wii of niorniug, All molieD suiibcam.-, cm: need ice My fuuleii< arp iuiur!iiri.y Ten lliounnncl yours my sireum Ima run. Ho, poet, jmt Uirmv Iwek a (ilftii™ aliiiiK the liistiiry of Tlie upririg of Carratraca. In (lay* wlien iiina and ainra were not, n ni-n chaos was a coiilhiir, A U-il of (liamund molten hot Was |.liin«ed my pritnal pool in, Anil cool as aiitiinin nflcrncioni And Bwcf 1 aa sluleri kifaes, Till, lirnt iinrc inonntain aparklcd up I n'-Ailiiniite ativHsea. Mid ruins of the "shapelega hills, .Mid (!lia.nin;Mni to drink Xhr vmvaa of CazxatnuA Ami pine trt« townrang saBf lide, «<:««pil gnrw and lio«ij; AkI from tVtr fossil a^hwifnrnng .Vpw loreafs grwn with ^surv. Amd gone w»re deer and aKntge red And lorln»[Dmvi»' singiiip ' Al.v music WB- iie wuodin«ii i, axe t'tioii iiic I iiie-tret ringn^ Aua .aiier aim whl^n I booMB A iielie. the toast of citiw, UnUie I be riislic strsanilet that llubbini prmeval ditties, And prawelx St., M n N T P 1^ A I 269 I - i :it.'i3i2fc . It "HUY A URoOMf" Wo remeinber, when a Ninall boy, tho deep iirprcssiori mude on our mind by tlie t.-xt in our copy-book, " Clciin- linessiH iifxtto Uund our readers to pay a visit to tho very extensive (iictory of Messrs H. A Nelson & Sons, 91 to 97 St. Peter stn-et, Montreal, a short sketch of which we propose to give. The last census returns show that there are 105 factories of brooms and brushes in the Dnminion, employing 542 hands, andproduciug goods of theyearly value of over half a million of dollars. Ol this trade Messrs. Nelson & Sons do about one-fifth, and giveemployment to over fifty hands, being about one-tenth of all the hands engaged in the business. Their store is a fine cut stone bulMing five storeys high, with high basement and sub-cellar, and has a frontag.. of sixty-three on St. Peter street by a depth of one hundred and fifteen; the ceilings are high, and the large rooms (for ahnost every flat forms qnly one room) are well lighted and well vpntilateim u niKht in .onipariy with a pan of binning snlplmr before it is lit to be made up into brii.mis. One noticealde feature in tliis upper storey h that tlie roof gjopen from the front and back toward the centre and nil the waste water goes down through two iron tubes— one on each side ol the building— to the sewer. The building is owned In Mr. H. A. Nelson, the senior partner, who has been an Alderman of the city of Montreal for ten years, is Chair- man of the Finance and Park Committee and is person- ally very popular. Messrs. Nelson have been established over twenty-five years, and theirs is the oldest broom maiuifactory in Canada. Messrs. Nelson have also a branch establishment at Nos. 60 and 08 I'roiit street Toronto, which gives employment to about as many himd«, and does as large a business as the Jlontreal house. THE FUR TRADE OF CANADA, In the early days of Canada, then New i', , ., , the most important export was that of furs, wi'i.l; -.ven; (iken to France and other countries, and th.-r' niuciiH-.-Jured. After the conrpiest of Canaila by the En-f." i;ie fur trade received a great impetus, and the formation of the Hudson Hay Com])any, ai.l the establishment by them of trading posts with the Indians greatly increased the traffic in the skins of wild anin:al.s. This trade, however, was oidy in the raw material ; and it was not until within the last half century that anything like an ellbrt to establish a manufactory of furs in Canada has been attempted with success. To-day, Canadian furs, mami- factured in Montreal, Toronto, Ottawa, Quebec and other cities and towns, are known the world over, and are greatly sought alVer on ac^count of the rpiality ot the material and the excellence and elegance of the nmmifacture. This i)reference for Canadian-made furs is especially noticeable amongst the sinnmer tourists of our cousins across the line 4-5°, who lind that they tan buy a better article, better and more stylishly nuide in Canada, for little more than one-half what they would have to pay for it in the States. This advantage they are not slow to avail themselves of; and the conseipience is a very considerable fiir trade in summer by those ] 10- vident people who are not foolish enough to think tli.it it will be "always summer," and make provision for the " wintry wind," while the thermometer is "ninety in shade." The large proportions to which the fur trade of Canada hns grown m.ty, to mine extent, bs: learned 272 from the statistics gathered froi,, the . cnsus of 1871, by which wo liMirn that 13: fimis were engeged in the monnliicture of furs in the four Prov- ices of Queboo, Ontario, New IlriiMHwiek and Nova Scotia, with an aggregate capital of «I,16!>,();1S, giving employment to l,wr,I persons, and producing goods to the "value of J3,S75,0(I0, the amount of yearly wages being $:)s^> (l!) «'"' 'lie val (■ raw material «l,., Mi .;». To ttlve some id.M of the (piiintity of animals destroyed to furnisli mate- riiil for this immeiiHr trade, we will quote the figures from the last return, shewing the number < each kiml of .skin nse.l :--lleaverH, 4S,I;JI ; Umn, H /,.,., -. Otters, «,!:«; Martins, 17,58a ; Minks, ia,S01 ; Deer, l'»,v!7l' Seals, :)7,40u' ; Muskrats, 488,182 ; other skins,' 6ij',m '; making a total of r,s>,-.'n!» fur-bearing animals «l nigh' tcred to provide warmth and comfort for man Of course, 11 these skins are not manufactured in CaiiiMl:i : but a liuL'e proportion i : them are, and some of our ,,1, manufacturers are amongst the lai^<'Br employers of labour in the Dominion. For.iuost amoni.'-' these rank the well-known and old-established hous, '' Messrs. (ireencA Sons, 525 St. Paul street, Montreal, who have bee/i forty-four years in the business, and may almost be said to be the fathers of I <■ miimifacfiiiing in r;Hiada. They give constant em|doyiMent torthoiit. 250 ban , and their goods arc well and favourably known thromj'hout the D.Mninion, from Hrjtish Columbia to Newfoundland. Having ami)le capital, Messrs. (ireene are able to i^ mand the best markets in the woi ! 1 for the various el.i.sses of furs, ami are thus always able to supjilv a first-class article, a Inf which is well known to tlie trade, an,! their eneriry and (Jiiterprise h.is <;ained them a high repu- tation. The firm has ahso a silk hat factory, at 114 Qiic'ii street, and one for straw goods at 52(i St. Paul street, when; all varieties of first -class goods are ninde. ST. CATHERINES. An incorporated town of Ontario, capital of the county of Lincidn, on the Welland Canal, and on the Great West- ern and Welland railways, ,32 miles E. byS. of Hamilton, and 12, miles N. W. of Niagara. From its favorable situa- tion it has become the centre of a large and rapidly in- creasing business. It contains churches of 7 denomina- tions, 3 branch banks, several assurance and insurance companies, a commercial college, grammar school, con- vent, general hospital, 4 printing offices, from which 2 dayly and several weekly newspapers are issued, and a number of stores. There are in the town 6 or G large flouring mills, several saw and planing mills, foundries and machine shops, sewing machine factory, soap and candle factories, tanneries, wollen mills, breweries, &c. Shipbtilding is also extensively engaged in. St Catherines is celebrated for its mineral springs, and for its excellent hotels. ESTABLISHED 1832. GREENE & SONS, MON'^ REAL, "W H O H* E; S -A. 31. 13 MaPFICTIIRERS m impobtbrs. FURS, HATS, STRAW GOODS, Buffalo Robes, Fancy Sleigh Robes, msk 1%I§^ €M1 iiiii iitl^l mm^ #t ^ We are large Mauufiicturers of the above Goods, and have on hand in their season, complele and full assortments of tiie various classes of goods. FactoTies .•— i^xjn. c3-ooi>s, oas st. i>o,ia.i st. IfESIjT HA-fTS, 114= C^vieen St. STI=IA."\7V OOOIDS, SaO St. I>«,-U.l St. o-iti^iiirvii: Ac »<_>:>'», - IWOlM'i^ItJbaA.I^. 278 IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) k A {./ ^ >^ 1.0 I.I U|21 |2.S g ^ 12.2 lU lAO 11:25 i 1.4 2.0 1.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STRUT WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4503 ^V ^•\ [\ 4" <> V ^ >^ '^kX .".r^ '•fc '>V 4 BAUSALOU'S SOAP. Moiitrt'ul from this time forth will bo able to siipniy 8oi.p(or the million through the wgoncy of Messrs.' J Biirwloi. A Co., nml that too of a quHlitv UMsiirpiiss...! or cv,.,! i.(|uall,.,l by that of any other liouse, owing to the pociiinr facilities at their .lispos,.! for its mauutiic- tnre. In the soap business there is eonshlerable competi- tion, more so than in most trades an.]<..ich firm or dealer has a speeial recommendation for his artiele, whieh on papormakesit snperiortoall others, bntinpractiee, as in all trades, one or other must come short of the expectation of the user. Messrs. J. Bnrsalou A Co.-the principals being sons o( a very old and respected resident of this city— are indivhlually novi.-es at soap manufacturing, but by pur- chase they have acquired n patent unobtainable by any other mdividnal in Canada and possessed by but few on this continent, whereby the manufacture of "soap is made easy and its quality improved, without ad.ling to the standard cos'., by the mixture of ingredients with the usual compound, which by the or.linary process is a matter of impossibility. The old process of soap making 18 both tedious and costly, but by the process adopted by Messrs. Harsalou, it is expeditious and cheap. Boforo noticing the process gone tiirough we ghoidd mention that, in order to conduct the manufacture on a colossal scale, Mr. Barsaloii's father 1ms erected for them an im- mense structure at the corner of St. Catherine and Dur- ham streets. The building stands in rear of a very largo plot of land, on which there once stood two of the old landmarks of the east end of the city, and is yr, x l.-sa ; three storey and basement, very strong, commodious, and neatly appointed for tije special tra.le it is intended for. The ground and building cost *.J0,000. The process of manufacture is very simple. The compound is first placed in large vats on the second storey and after all the ingredients have been gathered, it is run through a pipe into a cylendcr on the floor below, and in this cylender is boiled into its intended bulk. Inside the cylcnder, when the manufacture is in process there is an " agitator" continually revolving, mixing up the com- pound and pressing it out of its first state. In this arran- gement is the whole secret of the new process. The " agitator, " as iu name suggests, mixes the ingrediente thoroughly and makes the liquid, and consequently the bulk of uniform composition, preventing " knots " from forming, and enabling oily "seasoning "to be introduced in the maimfacturc, which in other modes is a matter of impossibility. In the old m^de of manufacture it requires a week to properly work the liquid, but by the means at the disposal of IJarsalou & Co., the manu- facture is perfected in one hour and a half, and the pro- cess of solidifying follows by the natural cooling process of exposure to air. In the cylender, while the " work- ing" is progressing, the compound is kept at a pressure of 80 degrees. When the boiling process is over, (one and a half hour,) the soap, for it is now reidly «Qup, ig run into an immense vat on the storey above. To more •ully Illustrate this wo may mention that the principle on which this conveyance is worked is precisely the same as the patent coffee apparatus, which some mav have seen at work in Mr. Adam Darling's establishmnit, and which in construction consists of a tumbler, a spirit lamp, and a glass globe. The coflee is in the tundiler and a small quantity of water in the glass globe. The hot air escapes to the tumbler, an.l when the coftee is boiled, or rather is supposed to be boiled, the lamp is ext.nguishe.1, at which instant the coffee descends to the globe, and if the lamp is lighted again, as quickly as- cends, leaving the water in the globe. The boiling of the soap would continue so long as the fires are kept in, but tlie instant they ore put out the ascent commences with a velocity really startling. From the cylender the soap IS ejected into an imm.nse vat, twelve feet deep, capable of hohliiig 0.0,000 pounds of soap. From this vat, in order to make the compound uniform, it is run from the second storey into a " crutchcr" which refines it, and from this " crntcher " it is run ofl" into large frames, in which It is allowed to solidify. The process of manu- facture, when the liquid is run from the crutcher is com- pleted, and when solidification has taken place the labour of working it into markefable shape; is commenced. This labour, though more arduous than required to compound the soap. Is simple and very perfect. Messrs. Barsalou have become possessed of a patent frame, made of wrought iron, the ^iidcs and ends of which are removed before bringing the composition in contact with the knife. The knife is nothing more than wire stretched between two uprights on a frame, whicli is thrown over the slap of soap, and then drawn by a crank to the position it occupied before it was tlirown over the slab The luould of soap is stationary, and is cut into slabs, which are moved from thence to another cutter. This latter cuts each slab into three, and then by a simple process the three slabs are moved cross ways of the ori- ginal cut and again cut into sixty squares of one pound each. These are then moved over to another hand who stamps the soap as it is in seen on the market. This latter process is tlie longest as it is all done by hand, but when the factory gets in full blast Messrs. Barsalou intend doing this part of tlie work by steam. By this hand-pressiiig a man can stamp two hundred boxes of 60 pound each, in a working day. The cylender in which the soap is worked will hold about 2,000 pounds and can be filled in one day at least three times. From this it can easily be seen that by the multiplication of cylinders the production can be increased. When Messrs. Barsalou obtained the sanction of the City Fathers to proceed with the manufacture they guaranteed there should be no stench emitted from the factory, that would endanger the health of the residents of that locality. He knew whereof he spoke when he gave this ginrantee for a more perfectly wholesome iitiiinsphiTc dc-f- not surround any factory in this city. J. BARSALOU & CO. Manufacturers of the following First-Class Brands of "DOMESTJO BAR," •Imperial Laundry," "STEAM REFINED FAMILY." ''No. I BROWN," n WfitTE OUVE," "White Almond." OFFICE AND WORKS: CJomex* St. Oc\t]aAx>lxxe Axica. I3xa.rix«Mn sts , All Orders punctuallu attended to. T% /T ^"^ TW^T m 275 BH There is not the leurt smell inside or out. Messrs. Har- sulau buy their tallow reiulered, but when, in rourtie of time, their buaincss extetnls to sueh proportion ns to warrant tiieni rendering tlieir own it is their intention to do tlie work out''ide the city, tlnm keeping faith in every respect with the civic authorities, ^ioap factories as a general rule are dirty, internally and externally idso, but the one under notice is cle;in en.mgli for the most fas- tidious sanitarian. Of the (|iiality of the soap manufac- tured, it is for the houHi'wili' to tcNt and endorse, hi'tthe ingredients of which it is composed we know from per- sonal knowledge are superior to iniy used by nny other firm. To nn'ntion them would of course divulge the secret of its excellence, anil give an opportunity to the unscrupulous to commit fraud. The process of manu- facture was illustrated to a large mmiber of prominent citiifciis and members of the city press, and to give some idea of the qmdity, we may state that one gentlenum who had used IJarsalou's Dmnestic soap for toilet purposes — though it is not claimed to bea toiletsoap — saidtliat the process of washing with it was so agi eeable, that he felt ii constant desire to be washing. Tliis may be excessive flattery, but the recoimnendation which is embodied in it is just. The fmn is only a young one, and necessarily have to look before they leai),but it is their intention, the coming summer, to engage in the mamitacture of fancy toilet soaps, thus putting themselves in competition with every branch of the trade. Kverynne will admire the pluck which prompts this, and the fellow citizens of Jlessrs. Barsalou will, no doidit, wisli them every success, ^^ and aid them in attaining it by their own personal^ demands. There are six brands now being manufac- tured, which are stamped and patented as " ])omestic Bar, " " Imperial Laundry," " Steam defined Family," "No. 1 Hrown," " White Olive," and " White Almond." All areexcellent articles, but theilomesticis/wrrjcf/ciifc. Tilt! macliiirery is the best tliat can be obtained and is run by a 2-'i horse power engine, manufactured by J. Laurie Brothers of this city. Tiie boiler is 40-hor8O power capacity and located in the basement of the building. POPULATION OF CANADA by voting districts; number of voters and number of DiaTRICTH. votes cast at last election in the District. DTHTRICT.S. Popula- tion. No. Volera. VotM Oast 21,312 10,672 10,000 18,121 16,512 12,806 19,491 27,253 14,757 17,637 19,993 1&,S28 2,966 1,948 2,889 2,069 2,000 3,132 3,776 2,372 2,373 3,133 2,183 Allii'it 1,570 712 Aniuip'flis 1,098 2,283 t Anligl)ni^ll f Argciitcuil liagot Beauiiarnois 1,067 1,600 1,840 1,805 Bollochaso Berlhier B.-jnaventure Holliwoll t Bnmt, North Rrani, foiiih Broekvillo • T Biome •f Bnieo, North Bruce, Soath Capo Hi'oton Card well Cariboo t Carleton, N.B Oarloloii, Out Clin rn Illy ('ham plain , (,'harlcvoix Cliiu-lotlo Cliaioaugnn)' Chieoutiini und Saguenay Colehosler Ooni|)ton Cornwall Camliorhind , i>im'by Dorehi'stor Drunimond and Arthabaska., Dundas Darham, Kast Durham, West Elgin, East Elgin, West Ks^'cx Kroiitenac ,.,.... Gaspo Glengarry f Gloucester Gronvillo, South Groy, East Grey, North Grey, South Gajsljorough f Halillmand Halifax llalton Hamilton Hants Hn.stings, East Hastings, North Hiu7. Mr. n, .\i,.. riiiliiu V is the iiiamiliittiircr of the iccciidy iialnilnl fiu'l Having Iloiicr lor niariiicanil all iPtlu'r|iiiiiMi.si>i ; [U\ii is till' only (iist clasH lloilcr wortis in ('|i,ii|i: atnl, as Mr, Mfriiilnii'y lian liail over •_*(! years' cxiicriftnf in tlin lliiiniiliicturi' of hoilirs, lio liopi's lo be nitle to give entire sjitisfaction to all who favor him with a eall. Populutioii of Cnnado by voting diHtrietH — Ounliiiual. I'ol'Ulu llun. DISTRICTS. DISTHICTS. Levis I.inroln Lisjtnr t L'iKlet L(iii(l(in Lolbiniere f Lunciilaufj Mnr(| actio MnHliinongd Memmlic Midilksox, KuBt t Midcllosox, Ninth t MiddicH'x, \Ve.-,t f MissiMjaoi Monek t Monttalm t Miiiitinnfiny , •f" JIiinlinoioiK'i t Montreal, Centre Montreal, Enst , Montreal, West Maskoka Nnpii fvillo New U'estininBter ,, Niagara , Nieolct NorlijJU, North Norlolk, SoatI .. Northinnliorland, N.IJ Norlhutnlierlanil, (Onl.) East. Norlhunilierlnnd, (Unt.) \Vc>t Ontario, North Ontario, .S^atth Ottawa, City Ottawa, County Oxlbril, North Oxfoiil, South I'ccI Perth, North t Perth, Soutli Peterborough, East Peterborough, West Pictim t Ponliac Portneuf. Prcsc'ott Prince I'rinie I'jJward t Proveneher t Quebec, Centre f Quebec, East" (iuel)ec. West t Quebec, County Queen's, N.B t Queen's, N.S t Queens, P.E.I Honfrcw, North IJr.iifVow, .Kinuh t Kesl igouclio 21,8;il :i.lll<.) ia,."Tt: •SSfiM No. Voll Ti*. Vdtfs Cue I. 15,l)7il 18.87!l L',5,(lft.'i L'l,fil!) 2(1.19") 111. 1 711 12,71L' i:i,fif)r) lL',07fi '23,n(t;t ■lfi.2111 37,i!;ii 4.695 11,1188 i.a.ii; n,t;9:i 2:i,'.'i;i; I5,;jiiii 15,370 20,111) 21.758 17,:i28 25 I1G7 I9,;i2:) 21, 54.-) 35(!4!i 24,551 23.078 lti,3(;il 25,377 21,151) 18,700 11,707 32,114 15,810 22,5()9 17,047 28,004 20,330 2,U3 18,188 28,305! 13,200' 1 9,007 13,847 10,;i54 42,574 14,833 I4,'.i3,') .5,575 4,21:8! 3,801 042 1,087 3,741 2,.UMiil StnnilDIlt Suiibnry 'rcniisi'iiiialii 'reri'i'boniie 'I'liico KivciM 'riii')iili), Ciiitro Tiii-onlo, East Toronto, West Two Miiunliiins Vanriinvcr Viiiiilicail : Verrbiii'i's Victoria, !!.(; Vicloi-ia, N.H ...,,, Victoria, N.S Victoria, Xorlh (Onl.) Vicloria, Simlh (Onl.) Waterloo, North Waleiloo, .''^oulh Welland Willington, Centre , Welliiiglon, Niuth Wellingtiin, South Wciilworlli, .Norlh V.'ciilwiirtli. .Soiilli Wc.-^lnioreiaMil Yale Vaniaska Varnioull Vork. N.H , Viirk. East (,int.).. Vnrk, North (Onl.) Viirk, West (Out.) Fopiilii- llun 20,048 14,208 211,030 12,958 I7,i;34 I8,;)41 18,;iM 28,805 52,1 '20 12,12; 10,058 2,820 19.077 12,417 8,610 33,719 23,070 10,808 13,138 11.873 0,824 22,491 19,591 7,570 20.047 15,090 20,325 15,615 1,419 11.0!i3 12,717 4,540 11,041 11,340 10.950 1!»,'.'44 19,2,50 20,995 20,57. 21,118 18,740 2.-).431 10,245 14,0.38 29,355 1.310 10,317 18,55(1 27,140 19,300 24,202 10,200 No, Viilerii 3,247 1,61 3,023 4,040 3,018 3,214 2,959 3.04 5,.592 : 1,089 830 3,039 2,000 1.788 0,031 t 1,842 t 2.107 1,402 2,754 1,0'.'2 4,30tl 4,110 6,024 1,927 6.53 2,lti7 2,120 959 2,106 t 1,585 3,472 t t 4,409 3,k;,-; 3,c' " 3,952 2,87s 2,6.58 4,977 189 3,252 3,064 4.400 I 4,455 2,789 Volei Ciut. 2,439 1 .050 2,003 2.082 885 2,187 2,:i03 4,387 l,0!lfi 504 2,790 4,G3C 1,702 1,051 577 2.378 3,519 1,749 357 607 1,297 1,145 1,206 2,616 3,176 3,016 2,733 2,136 2,059 119 1,954 3.000 1,4-19 • I'i>|iiilnlii>ii cslinuiii'il. T Kli'clion b.v norliiinntititi, t NlllntllT oCvtillTH nut ^ivcll. II 0|)|M,,HiTij^ I'liiMliilale retired U'fore (joll oppiicd. KINCARDINE, OR PENETANOORE. An incorporated village in Ikuce county, Ont., on Lake lldtoii, at till! northern terniiiKis of the southern ex- tension of the Wellington, Orey and Itrnee Railway, and at the nortliern terniiniis of the Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway, 23 miles from Teesvvater, 35 miles from Oo- doricli. It cotitains a telegraph oHiee, a branch bank, 2 printing offices, issuing weekly newspapers, 7 hotels, about 30 stores, largo salt works, 2 iron foundries, a number of milU and workshops of vurious kinds, und has a large trade in grain and country produce. 278 ValM Ciut. H. MCPHILMEY, MAHUFACTURER OF MARINE, STATIONARY AND PORTABLE BOII^EIRfS! Of all Sim, steam Fire Engine Boilers MADE AND EEP AIRED. Repairing Promptly attended to. ADELAIDE STREET, CHATHAM. Ontario. 279 CHARLES S. KENYON, SOLE MANUFACTURER OF FOR BANKERS, RAILWAYS, GENERAL OFFICE USE. Seals for Corporations, Societies, Lodges, Notaries Public, Courts, Countries, &c. P.S. — Kenyon's Celebrated Copper Counters on all Seals and warranted to outlast any other. All Dating Stamps have the dates on solid Brass Wheels for dating instead of type and are easily changed by turning a wheel instead of setting type. Also Kenyon's Celebrated Elastic Bed and Feet to prevent noise and save wear on the Dies and Ribbons. Endorsement Stamps have the Elastic Improvements and arc warranted superior to all others made. Consecutive Numbering MacMnes, Numbering from i up to 100,000 and 100.000,000 for Coupon Tickets, Insurance Policies, Drafts, &c. Stamps for any particular use made to order. Dies, Ribbons and Repairs furnished for any Stamp made and warranted first class. Special Terms to Railway Companies and those buying in quantdies. Descriptive Circulars sent to all applicants. ©tfie©. m Kisf® ®f EiEf « i4®m TORONTO, uniano. 280 ^. / ^ lift 1 ■s. BLANK 1 & ACCOUITT BOOKS 1 m OF EVEIiY DESCRIPTION 1 Courts, MANUFACTURED BY 1 arrantcd id Brass rning a 3cd and rsement or to all M rrintinj % FSsliinj Co., ST. NICHOLAS STREET, i^^^H les, Tickets^ ons and MONTREAL. 1 ; sent to all 1 ■0, # 1 itario. - ■ 281 1 LovELL Printing and Publishing Company, {i./MtrK/>,\ II k !9 8T. NICHOUa 8T. HOXTHKAL, JOHN LOVEU. ManagiHg Dirntor, r.AKK SIlliKK FIIKSS, IliidSKS POINT, N. t. ROBERT K. LOVELL, Book and Job PmrrTiiTa. JBooXt Work, Bletnk ForiuH, iteeeifitm. fantphiett, Mnmuranee Fonn», Vntaloaneu, feHoatealt, itaUwny t'orinit, VarUii, erlcem Citrrent, I^egnl t'oruiH, runerat I^eHer; Bro»pectu»em, BUImof iMithtg, Hana MIIIU, CtretUmra, ||„„ nillm, I'onUna BIIU, AND EVERY DESCRIPTION OF piAIN AND ^AMOY 1}SIHTSHG, EXECUTED WITH THE UTMOST DESPATCH, AT THE VBRV M^OH*EST mtt'EH. BLAKE Am ACCOUNT BOOKS, Ledgers, Journals, Cash and Day Books, OP ALL SIZES, MADE TO ORDER : BOUND IN CALF, (wilh or iviehout Ruuia Ban(i»,) VELLUM OR BASIL. RXTLINO TO ANY PA-TTKHV RinQTJIItKn. IBDDIISQ DPAUl© SI MIAIIifliJfmi* Indices Bound with the Booics, or Cumished loose, as may be desired. Bill Books, Letter Books, Invoice Books, Guard Books, Policy Books, Account Current Books, Sales Books, Contract Books, Bankers' Pass Books, Merchants Memorandum Books, Ac, Ac, made to order to any desired pattern. 282