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Tha laat racordad frama on aach microficha ahail contain tha aymbol — »■ (moaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha aymbol ▼ (moaning "END"), whichavar appliaa. Mapa, platas. charta, ate, may ba filmad at diffarant raduction ratioa. Thoaa too larga to ba antiraly Includad in ona axpoaura ara filmad baginning in tha uppar laft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrama illuatrata tha mathod: L'axamplaira filmA f ut raproduit grAca 6 la gAnAroait* da: BibiipthAqua nationala du Canada Laa imagaa auivantaa ont Ati raprodultaa avac la plua grand aoin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattatA da l'axamplaira filmA, at 9n conformity avac laa conditiona du contrat da filmaga. Laa axamplalraa orlginaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat ImprimAa aont filmte an comman9ant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant aoit par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaaion ou d'illuatration, aoit par la sacond plat, aalon la caa. Toua laa autras axamplalraa originaux aont filmte an commandant par la pramlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaaion ou d'illuatration at an tarminant par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una talla amprainta. Un daa aymbolaa auivanta apparaltra aur la darnlAra imaga da chaqua microficha. aalon la caa: la aymbola — »* aignifia "A SUIVRE", la aymbola ▼ aignifia "FIN". Laa cartaa, planchaa, tablaaux, ate, pauvant Atra filmte A daa taux da rMuction diffiranta. Loraqua la documant aat trop grand pour Atra raproduit an un aaul cliche, 11 aat film* A partir da I'angia aupAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita, at da haut an baa, an pranant la nombra d'imagaa nicaaaaira. Laa diagrammaa auivanta illuatrant la mAthoda. Y arrata Id to nt na palura, i9on k 1 2 3 a2x 1 2 3 4 5 6 */ / !) ^ .-SSN^i ^. THE IIMSH rOSITlON # IN BRITISH AND l\ RGPIJBLID.IN NORTH AMERICA A L i: TT !•: U It) nil; EOITOHSOF TllH IRIHII I'RKSS iiuii;si'i;( ri vi: ok i' \ iii'v, BY THK HUX. THOMAS IVARCY jrCEE Slinistrr itf Aijiii'idhiri itH I luiiiji'iituni, ('.nmli. S I .( < ) X 1) i: D I '1' I () N I I .MONTIIHAI.: Al. l,(i.\(jM(iiiui-: A Co.. I'liiMisii lloi SI,. (i7 (liii.\r Sr. ,Iv\ii:-i .r myself hy such llagrant denials of the kiu)wn trutii, as. I grieve to say, are too com- mon among theni, when the suhject is, their own position in Rei)uhlican America. This very Fenian oriianization in the United- States, what does it really ]>rove, hut that the Irish are still an alien population, camped hut not settled in America, with foreign hopes and aspirations un- shared hy the people anunig whom they live ? If their new countrv was their true country, would they find time and money to spare in the construc- tion of imaginary Kepuhlics heyond seas? If their leaders were real rulers at Washington, would they be playing at governments, think you, in Moffatt's pill- box? * It is because the active spirits are conscious that, being Irish, they have no hopeful public career in the land of the *• Know-Nothings,'* and the rank * The " head-quarters" of the O'Mahony republic in Ne\r York, ao-called from a notorious maker of patent-medicines who built it. and file fed that while their fttomach^ are filler! their iilVectionM are starved in that liard and fast now state of society, tliat all this weak and wicked yearn- ing after the impossihle has developed itself in hoth classes. it is on the one part folly ; on the other part crime ; but it is human nature after all ; at least it is a new Irish-American variety of human nature. There is u fundamental distinction to he drawn, however, between those of our countrymen of whom i/oii hear so much at home, niiniely, the town, and what I shall cai' the settle*!, well-ordered country, Irish. Unfortunately for their own peace, and yours and ours, the former bear the i)roporti(m of fully 70 per cent, to the whole, (causes, some iiaturjil and Justifuible enough — such as ready employment for their labor on landing, — detained them at the great seaports, or drew them to tlie factory and railway centres. Never in tlwe world's history, were a purely agricultural population so suddenly and unprcpiiredly converted into mere town laborers. They did not, indeed, exchange agriculture for artiftcial ])ursuits, for you cannot well call mere loading and unloading ships, or porterage, or digging drains, or domestic service, works of art. But the tens of thousands of this class who were peasants in Ireland in the Spring, and town laborers in America the same Summer, threw up to the surface, by the natural law of their numbers, a small fry of demagogues and overseers [or s " bosses''] whose interest it never was tluit they shonld look to dock and suburb hibor only as a tem- porary condition, but to the uccjuisition and owner- ship of land as their ultimate object. Hence this strangely contradictory i-esult, that a people who hungered and thirsted i'or land in Ireland, who struggled lor conacre and cabin even to the shedding of blood, that this same people, when they reached a new world, in wliicli a day's wages saved would purchase an acre of wild land in fee, wilfully concur- r"d, under the lead of bad advisers, to sink into the condition of a miserable town tenantry, to whose s(|ualor even European seaports can hardly present a parallel. I described in outline the town Irish, high and low, [making, however, many honourable and requi red exceptions] in my speech at Wexford, in May 18G5. Those whose minds were full of a fancy America, of course, could not admit that twenty years' experience enabled and authorized me to describe things as they are. Of course not ! For us all, too often. Expe- rience is the false, and Imagination the true guide. But the editors of the Irish press will not pooh ! pooh ! the testimony of the last Annual Report of the Metropolitan Police Commissioners of New York, which I take in a condensed form from the New York Trihvue of January 20th, 18f>6. In this Report, the tenement house population of the Fourth and Sixth 9 Wards of that city, chietly inhabited by our broken down poor people, are thus described. The Tvibune says : rk ho th ,i •' The phices are chiefly in cellars, with naked stone or brick walls, damp and decayed floors, without beds or bedding lit for human beings. They are mainly un ventilated or lighted, except through the entrance door. In condition they are iilthy and dij-^- gusting beyond description, overflowing with vermin and infested by rats. *' Into these hideous places are packed nightly an average of ten persons to each place, or six hundrwd in the aggregate. " In violation of the laws of decency and morality, men, women and children, white and black, with no regard to the family relation, sleep promiscuously together, exhibiting less of the impulses of decency than the brute creation. " From the character of these apartments, their owners and occupants, and the manner of their use, cleanliness is impossible, and hideous diseases of various classes and types are engendered and propa- gated. " While thus occupied they cannot be made decent or healthy, and those who frequent them are beyond the reach of reform, except through the strong arm of the law." Horrible details are then given of these general statements, and as showing the relation which your > 1 ■ 10 unhappy countrymen and women who have fallen into such hopeless servitude to the devil and his agents in the American seaports, bear to the proprie- tary class — the landlord class — in such cities as New York, I quote the Tnbime^s next statement, founded on the same Annual Report, which is in these words : " It will be noticed, too, that many of these hideous dens are owned by • respectable citizens,' officers in banks and the like, and are let out probably by agents — these citizens never taking the trouble to look at their property, and utterly regardless whether their tenants are poisoned or debauched, or in what way their houses affect the health and morals of the city. Surely, if any one sin needs preaching against by the clergy, it is this cruel neglect hi/ rich mmi of their tenantry, and their indifference to the condition of their dependents, "^^ I suppose it will be a mortal offence against the pride and vanity of your America-makers, to show, on such authority, that so many of the Irish in New York city, the head-quarters of the two Republics, are still mere ** tenantry" and " dependents" ; that they dwell in '* hideous dens," sometimes " six hun- dred" under one roof, " in violation of all the laws of decency and morality." Now, if these be facts — frightful as they are to contemplate, — what are we to think of those irrepressible patriots, whose love for Ireland is so ardent, that they are willing to cros? 11 . the Lakes or the Atlantic to die for her, while they will not turn their steps aside down one of the dark lanes they pass daily on their walks where their countrymen and women jjcrish by the hundred, body and soul ! There **• an Ireland enshived ; there is a battle lor Ireland to be fought in the New World; there is a glorious, redeeming work to be done for her here ; it is to be fought and wrought in the Fourth and Sixth Wards of New York, and in every large city south of the line, where our laboring population have suddenly been centralized, with all their old peasant habits stripped rudely oil', and no new habits of dis- cipline and self-government, as yet, substituted in their stead. I say the l^-ihunes description, with some mitiga- tions, holds true of our poorer people in all the large cities of the States ; and the poor are the majority of the town Irish, who are 75 per cent, of the whole. But this horrible description of the New York Trihime does very rarely apply to the kindred population in our Provincial cities. Here, fortunately for them- selves and for society at large, this perverted peasantry have not been concentrated so suddenly, or in such dense masses as in New York, Boston, and Philadel- phia. Here, too, the leaders [for our race, like all others, will have leaders] have generally been gen- tlemen. In every British Province the foremost Irishmen have been among the first people in the / if 12 Judiciary, in politics, in cunimerce and in society.* This high standing has kept up the standard of the chiss, while, happily for us Catholics, the Church in these Provinces has always been sufficiently up with the people to preserve its legitimate control of their faith and morals. We are, however, but a tithe of our race in North America, and though we hold our own respectably and inlluentially with the rest of the Provincial population, it can hardly be expected that the example of 400,000 of us in the Provinces can bring about any radical correction in the conduct of 4,000,000 of Yankee Irish. 1 have great faith, for my part, in our steadily doing our duty by our own government, by our fellow-subjects, and by one another as Irishmen. I feel that we, at all events, have achieved a home and have a position to guard ; I feel that we are in the right path; if we go on steadily in that path, good must come of it, for us and for all. Let me give you an illustration drawn from this very spot, where 120,000 witnesses can vouch for what I state. We are " all told" in Montreal, men, women, and children, some 27,000 souls — Irish Catholics. At St. Patrick's, our principal chui'ch, be- tween the middle of December and New Year's day See AppsmUz A. o —thanks mainly to tlie good Redeniptorist Fathers, — 15,000 persons received holy coninmnion, or verv nearly every man and woman of an age to approach the Blessed Sacrament. Since New Year's we took up the project of building a St. Patrii^k's Hall, and during the first month $75,000 of the stock was sub- scribed, and above $10,000 of the first call promptly ])aid in ! And these are the people, their own Hesh and blood [though not of the same spirit], the New York " bloody sixth ward boys," are coming here to plunder, or, as they call it, " to liberate!" Our rural numbers bear an almost inverse ratio to the urban, to what the same classes do to each other in the United States. I speak now of Canada, If not quite three-fourths, certainly the large majority of our emigrants in this Province now, live by land, and own land. There are at least thirty counties in Canada where the Irish Catholic vote ranges from a fifth to a third of the whole constituency, and in most of these, if the Irish Protestant and Catholic were taken altogether, they would form a clear majority of the whole. Persistent attempts have been made, and (ji-eenhackshuve not been wanting to intro- duce the pest of Fenianism among our towns' people, but I am proud to say [with the single exception of Toronto] wholly without success. In Toronto one extreme is made auxiliary to the other ; Orangeism has been made the pretext of Fenianism, and Fenian- 14 ism is doing its best to justify and magnify Oran- geism. Even in Toronto the brethren of sedition are a handful, and their Head Centre a nobody. Mean- while the great healthful mass of the Irish farmers of Canada— men breathing pure air and living pure lives — are untouched by tlie infection, thanks to their own sound sense, to the inevitable conservatism which springs from property, and thanks too, when- ever it is required, to the timely warnings of their loyal clergy ! The ignorance as to the United States in Ireland is only equalled by the ignorance as to Canada in the United States. There again the great obstacle to the reception of truth lies in preconceived opinions. The demagogical Irish leaders also, many of whom are glad to send their own sons and daughters to be edu- cated in our higher moral atmosphere, have not the moral courage, or rather the common honesty, to tell the truth publicly as to this country. They know, right well they know, from personal observation, that the Irish fftatn-s here is vastly higher than ever it was with them. But they find it more profitable to trade upon impulsive ignorance than to impart unpalatable instruction. They prefer to let their poor deluded followers believe of Canada what they have all alono: taught them, that neither freedom, nor justice, nor good government can exist under the British flag. Right well they know v)e have no State Church, no 1.') irresponsible territorial aristocracy, no prosel^'tiziug schools or colleges ; but they sufter their dupes to believe that Canada endures all the ills of which Ireland complains. Blinded by such falsehoods they would dash their reckless, homeless masses against this peaceful Province, which has done them n(j wrong, but where alone, in North America, their race has always had tlie fullest recognition. They do not see — fools that they are ! — that they are still ])laying the game of ** the Know-Nothings," who re- joiced two years ago over every butcher's bill coming up from Virginia, that, at all events, *" the war would kill off the d d Irish." There are a few more thousands, it seems, ready to be killed off, and your genuine " Know-Nothing '* is quite content the Britishers should do it, so that he is not compromised in his trade or his foreign relations. The game of mutual deception now played between "the Know-Nothing" and "the Fenian," is to the spectator, interested either in Ireland or America, utterly disgusting. The shrewd anti-Irish Yankee pats the Fenian on the back — urges him on to hisown destruction, — and chuckles as he turns aside his head, at the verdure of his victim. The Fenian, on his part, who knows his gracious patron to be a bigot to the core, to be an absolute hater of everything Hiber- nian, pretends, in public, to see in him a genuine American, a real republican, a gushing lover of the 16 lii 'i entire Irish race ! Trying to deceive each other they fancy they deceive all the rest of the world ! Quite otherwise. The intelligent American regards them both with just as hearty a contempt, as any P^nglish- man, " Canadian cnn ! Fie feels that the only prac- ticp^ .esult of a Fenian invasion of Canada, will be to make republicanism odious for this generation at least, throughout British America. He foresees that French Lower Canada, and Protestant Upper Canada, will alike revolt against an Irish travesty of Ame- ricanism, which, without the shadow of a pretext, breaks in upon their peaceful populations to destroy property in the name of progress, and murder un- offending frontier settlers, to the cry of Vive la Repu- hliqiie ! That the views 1 laid before my countrymen at home nine months ago, were not mine alone, I have since had many a proof from well-informed men, lay and clerical. But of all which has appeared, nothing equals in authority a recent letter on this subject from the Archbishop of Halifax to the Lieutenant- Governor of New Brunswick, which letter you, gen- tlemen, have most probably seen and reproduced. In that letter, with all the weight attaching to his station, his age, his powerful talents and sagacious judgment, the Archbishop points out the contrast between our two states of society ; and while doing generous justice to the United States, asserts for these '^1 4 I 4 17 is is i i Provinces, as a liomo for Irislunon, a very decided wuperiority over tlu> Iii'})u1»lic. For this testimony against their falsehoods, Archbishop Connolly has Ijeen denounced In* the Fenian brotherhood ; an additional proof, if any were wanting, that his views were founded on accurate observation, guided bj tiound principles of judgment.* I did not^ when in Ireland, gentlemen, and I do not now ask you to circulate these views and argu- ments in order to stimulate emigr ttion from Ireland to British America. I say now, as 1 said then, " let •every man who can live at home, stay at home." Too 'liigh a price in body and soul may be paid for butcher's meat, and the wearing of glazed shoddj instead of honest frieze. If mon, and women too, must sell their souls to the decent, well-dressed devil, who sets his man trap at the ship's side — well, of course they must. No advice will probably reach those who are ready to be so disposed of. But if among those who must emigrate somewhere there are some thousands left, who are neither dreamers m)r dupes, but who can cheerfully encounter hard work, and joyfully obey good l.aws, then let them try Canada, or any other part of British America. Soon, with the blessing of God, British America will be one country, with one system of administration, and one wide field of enterprise and settlement. Four hundred thousand of your countrj'^men — nearly two millionsof your co-religionists out of our total /oiw — See Appeudix B, for the Archbishop's letter. B 18 I, ■' 1^ I': ''i are here to guarantee you a fair field and no 'J, Cluirles Morris, Presi- dent of the Charitahle Irish Society, was appointerl one of His Majesty's Council for the Province of Nova Scotia ; and the Catholic faith, tliougli proscrihed hy statute, was tolerated by a *' humane inconsistency** of the Governors. Abbe Maillard, and Al)b6 Bailley were the first missujuaries within the English period of Acadian history, and in ITSo or '84 the (irst tole- rated chapel was opened in Itiilifax, under the name of St. Peter's. For thirty years the hi<'hest Catholic authority wsis a Vicar-General to the liishop of Quebec, until in 181S, the Rev. Kdmuiid Burke, who had been a lon<^ time missionary among tlie Indians in Canada, was consecrated lirst 15ishop of Jlidifax. This able, learned, and holy Prelate died, however, in 1820, and the See remained vacant for some years, until the appointment of Bishop Frazer, who was succeeded in 1842 by the late Bishop, afterwards Archbishop Walsh, who was, in turn, succeeded by the present eminent Archbishop, Dr. Connolly, in 1809. A large and prosperous colony of Presbyterians from the North of Ireland, in 1763, was commenced at Lon- donderry, and the next year, numbers of the same t Letter to tbo Rev. Dr. .Stile:>, of Boston, in ila>s. Hi-it. Coll., quoted in Halibui'tou's Novu Scotia, Vol. I. 22 h people, expcllud from New Engl md, began to settle, luider the lead of Colonel Alexander McNutt and others, in Avhat was then the wilderness, but where now are the tliriving counties of Cumberland, Col- chester, Hants, and Kings. These were reinforced at the outbreak of the first American war by several families of li-ish loyalists, and at the close of the second, by many military settlers. oiTicers and men, from regiments disbanded at Halifax. Taken together with their Eoman Catholic countrymen, the Presby- terian Irish formed, at the first census in 1827, nearly one-half tlie popuhition ; and the following figures from the last census will show how steadily they have retained their proportion : Total population in 1861 . . . 330,859 Catholics 80,281 Colchester, Cumberland, Hants, and 75,788 Kings A very large proportion of the first names in Nova Scotia are either Protestant or Catholic Irish — such as the Inglises, Cochrans, Heads, and Uniackes, among the former ; the Kavanaghs, Boyles, Tobins, Kenneys, O'Connor Doyle, &c., &c., among the lat- ter. Years before the Emancipation Act was passed in England, Michael Kavanagh was, by connivance, allowed to take his seat for Cape Breton, and Mr. O'Connor Doyle was admitted to the Bar. In the rolls of the old Irish Society it is pleasant to see the names of Bishop Inglis and Bishop Burke side by side, and this traditional good feeling still eminently 23 distinguishes the highly cultivated society of Hali- fax.* New linniHwhl' and Prince KdiraytTs Mand. — The •data in our possession at present is insufficient to cn- iible us to give a correct notice ol' the Irish position in these Colonies ; hut we hope to supply this defi- ciency should the present pamphlet reach another edition. Tlie same gratifying description which has been given oi' our kinsmen in Newfoundland and "Nova Scotia, will then be ibund equally to apply to those of New Brunswick and Prince Edward's Island. Canadd. — The first Irishmen who made acquaint- ance with Canada were a detachment of the famous Iliberno-French Brigade, which covered itself with glory at Fontenoy, and which had the honor to fol- low the lead of Montcalm in the famous campaign of the years 175G-'57. Upon the transfer of this Pro- vince to Great Britain there was, for many years, no :special inducement for Irish settlers to establish themselves here. Lower Canada was tenaciously, not to say exclusively French ; while Upper Canada^ when set oft' as a separate Province in 1791, was at first dedicated to the sole possession of U. E. Loyal- ists, and *^ German and other foreign Protestants." Under the Constitution of 1791, w^e find, however, in the Lower Province, the name of Edward O'llara re- turned as Member for Gasp6, one of the twenty-one Counties into which Lower Canada was then divided. * For the data usod in tho above briof sketch, I am indebted to William "Walsh, Esq., Ban-istcr, and John Compton, Esq., Editor of the Evening Ex~ jfwess, Halifax, who worthily represent the younger generation of Noya Soo- tians, connected with Ireland by deaocut or consanguinity, 24 He was one of the founders of an Irish settlement in the district of Gasp6, where marked traces of the- race may still be found ; and it may be observed that from his first election in 1791 till this day, Lower Canada has never been without an Irish representa- tion in its Legislative Councils.* The County of Leinster, with its townships of Wexford, Kilkenny and Kildare, — dating from the same period, would also seem to indicate the existence of Irish settle- ments on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, be- tween Montreal and Three Rivers ; but of these wcj are not able, at present, to give any detailed account- It is not, however, much more tlian half a century ago since the Irish communities of Montreal and Que- bec — the nucleii of their class in Lower Canada — be- gan to be formed. In the first ten years of the cen- tury " Dillon's tavern " was the principal Inn or ho- tel at Montreal; and during the same decade, [180-1} the present English Cathedral at Quebec was built by Mr. Cannon, an Irish Catholic from Newfound- land, originally of Wexford. In those days a mass; was specially said for the Irish in one of the churches of Quebec; while at Montreal, first the Bonsecours,. and subsequently the Rec6llet Cliurch, was given up to their use, during certain hours on Sundays ami holy days. In the war of 1812-'! 5, many of the Irish were honorably distinguished, and on the es- tablishment of peace, a very marked increase in emi- * The first "Provincial Jn««k « *•*.» J«- •^.— - . ive hich reljr 27 first governor ami true fouiuler of settlement in Up- j)er Canada. Tired of a military life, at an early age, he obtained in IK03 a grant from the Crown equivalent to half a million acres^i, or twenty-eight townships, in the fertile peninsula of Upper Canada. For fifty years Le personally ^u;)crintended the sale and settlement of this vost district, leaving, indeed, very considerable wealth to his lieirs, but leaving to the Province of Ui)por Canada 1 ")(),000 of its most prosperous yeomanry.* Of these a considerable pro- portion, over a tliird, were C(donel Talbot's country- men, irrespective of creed ; but he was far from being a bigoted natiimalist. Subscfpiently the settlement of the country upon the Otonabee was undertaken by the Hon. Peter Eobinson, who drew largely on Ireland for his pioneers ; wdiose after success and con- duct in no respect disappointed their hir-seeing pa- tron. In the rebellion of lSoT-'8, according to the testimony of Chief Justice Robinson and Sir Allan McNab, they stood unanimously true to their coun- try, as did, with very few exceptions, their compa- triots in Lower Canada, thanks to their own good sense, and the salutary advices of Father Phelan of Montreal, and Father McMahon of Quebec. In Upper Canada, in the second generation from its settlement, the educated Irish settlers, almost all Protestants in religion, though liberals in politics, began to exercise a potent influence. Though their Catholic countrymen, neither before the Union nor fiince, have found the Protestant majority disposed to * Colonel Talbot.diea at London, C.W., Feb. 6th, 1853, aged about 80. 1^ J; • ? 28 elect to Parliament men of «,,v <• wi. "Iways had it in theirnoJjft I" ' ^^'theyhav* between partie.,. a, ^ e^', " tZ ^r""« ""'«' by their own i„„„te IZ^ ^'^'1'^^'^'^ a»d came the first Premier m!]"f' °^"'' ^''''''"" be- Kobert Baldwin Su iTvan f . 'T"''"^S°^«'-"»«nt. <^«neil, and AndrerCl ''"'/«-'l«n' of the -ember for King^tol ul der t'e Un ""? ^"^ ''^^^ ston was the Capital Thl • ""'' '^^""' King- ened the positi^ f i I^M " "^r ^'^^"S'^' eminent Chancellor ItTs tn !> n ^'"'''' *<•« '"*« in Upper Canada has nl^Tdt ^f'"'- ">«ority ^-th; but it is also true tW ''''^""'*'«« *« contend own co-reIigio„i,t° e^tll ' T'"^^'''^ with their UnitedStat^sjl 'Vo in!" '"'''' ^"*^'" "^ the «g« of which thIcrWn'"'P"""'S^^ ""d bless- We can say wil trutS n / ^f *"" "'^^•'''"'• the Irish i/thislX °F -'^'f P-'*--^ Pwneers and tradesmen fift wT S™"?' °^ now grown into a Z[t7 ^ ^^o. they have Cl.urehes.Scho„ls,; X; V nlT"";'^' ^"'^'''^'^ of consideration. The fUwin^ '""^ J"'^'^''' ^"^ social of the Canadian oeV^tT! ^'^ «''"^'-«l «naly«s ^"1 »how at a .^lance thti m^''^'"' »«° (1861), Canada, and the iltt'f "'"'"" ^'^'-g^-t pu^irioi. tiiey have attained. ^j*^- V *:'S«i-.»fca,t 29 Abstract of the Population of Canada, showing the number of Irish origin and the proportion of Catholics and non-Catholics, as taken from the Census of 1852 and 180 1. Total Vo- pulation. 1 Irish ()rigin. Catholics. Non Catholics. Upper Canada, 1852 1861 952,(104 1,H90,091 17(5,207 191,231 1(57.965 258,141 784,309 1,137,950 Increase 444,087 14,904 90,446 353,641 Total increase percent cliirinli> knot of kiuivoiH und fools, who iiiuiMe to (lejiTiule tliemst'IvcH, art' doiiij:; all in tlii'ir jjovver to add aiiotlicr Balliiijianv to tlu' liistorv of Iri'Iaiid, and to make llie condition of onr poor coun- try more deplorable than before. On the occasion of n»v recent visit to the lliiitean- ners. Table turning and ra])])erism, the rha])S()dies and extravagances of a moon struck brain, are to take the ])lace of the old religion in Ireland, and the })riests of the land are to be e\tt*rminated under the fostering a^gis of the new Hepublic. All British Ame- rica is to be occui)ie(l and declared a neutral territor>', wherein Fenian armies and navies are to be recruited and built u)). The power of England is to be crushed. Protestants, Catholic Priests, and the upper classes of ('atholics in Ireland are to be exterminated, and a 35 i)f new ro|n.l)lic is to l)o inaii«;urjite(l with an ex-lunatic, Mr. O'Maliony, at its head ! With such a projj^nimuie, the Catl'olit'rt of thin country will assiu'edly accord to the Fei )UiH, if they come, the warm reception they HO riclily denerve. And, with prayer to the Prince of Peace, at this holy (JhriHtmas Season, and the earnent hope that they and we may be spared the trouble, 1 thank you again and again for your speech, and liave the honor to remain, With sincerest respect and gratitude, Your obedient servant, (Signed) t THOMAS L. CONNOLLY, Archbishop of Halifax. To His Excellency The Lieut. Governor of New Brunswick. 36 APPENDIX C. St. Patrick's Day, J 860, in Montreal. From the. Montreal Tramcriijt, Monday, Mtirch ID. Judging from Saturday, with the thousands forniing the procession, with proud banners waving, and the still ^ reater thousands of appro- ving spectators of all denominations, we ] .ave the assurance that, no matter what may be the occasion — either the sunshine of peace, or the cloudy tempest of war — we, as Canadians and British subjects, may grow up together and eventually form one mighty tree, wliich nothing but the will of Him "who rideth upon the wings of the wind " can blow down. The procession had nothing in itself tluit has not l)ecn often described; but it had this signification, tliat the thousands of Irish- men, confident of their moral strength, could march through the streets with their clergy, without a military escort, fearing nothing. From their place of rendezvous they went to St. Patrick's Church. Long before the hour appointed for Divine Service, the Church was crowed with a large and most respectable congregation. Hundreds of the citizens had to go away unable to gain admittance. When the procession had entered, the Priest entered the sanctuary, and Father Dowd commenced the celebration of High 3Iass. The music was exquisite, and the Agnus Dei and Gloria in Excelsis, from Haydn's Twelfth Mass, were most beautifully performed. After the Gospel the llev. Father O'FarrcU ascended the pulpit and delivered an able and eloquent discourse from the First Epistle of St. John, chap. v. verse 4 : *" This is the victory that overcoraeth the world, even our faith." After a long historical retrospect, the Rev. Gentleman concluded as follows : See that yours is not a dead faith, or only in certain doctrines, but practical, lively, obedient. This was the faith that enabled the 37 saints to triumph over the world — that he hoped brought this largo congrep;ation to-d;iy, — which gave them confidence and power, — which enabled them to keep everything good and noble in their hearts, and s lid to all, it' wo arc not true to God and to our Country, we are no Catholics. Tlicy must follow the model of their patron saint, and be loyal and obcditMit to those sot over them. He was certain they would hurl contempt on the minions who would call them disloyal. Semper nhujue Jiih/ls, was tlie Uiotto long ago inscribed on tlicir ban- ners, — always faithful over all the world. The more they were Catholics, the more faithful would they be to the country that pro- tected thorn. Those who raised up strife were not Catholics, for they wei'e not acting up to the rules of thoiv faith. The Catholic motto was, '• For God and Our Country," — tiie Church first, but the Country afterward^. If they loved tlielr Maker, the more they would follow His precepts, and these taught them to be honest, faithful, and true. Loyalty was ever cliaracteristic of the Irish people. It was for cliuizing to tlieir chiefs, in days gone by, that Ireland had been most celebrated, and they must cling to their adopted country now, where their faith was protected, where they enjoyed the fullest civil and religious lib.irty — under whose laws they were safe and rested secure. He implored them to cling to their faith, and to practise what that i'aith taught. By all the olden ties, by all the dear mem- ories connected with their fatherland, by all the precious teachings of the Catholic Church, he adjured his hearers openly and publicly to manifest their faithfulness and loyalty. Give the hand of fellowship to those not of our faith, and be at peace with them. Respect for others would make themselves respected ; they would thus prove themselves true children of tit. Patrick, God's blessing would be upon them, and peace and happiness here and hereafter would be their portion. He prayed the Almighty, through His blessed Son, to drive away every element of trouble and division, of strife and of discord — making the people of this land happy, prosperous, loving, and contented. The rev. preacher concluded with a beautiful and touching peroration. The procession then re-formed in Lagauchetiere street, and pro- ceeded along Bleury to St. Catherine as far as St. Denis Street, returning by way of Notre Dame Street to the Place d' Amies. At about half-past one o'clock the procession reached the front of the St. Lawrence Hall. The window above the principal entrance was decorated with evergreens, with a British flag over it. Hon. Mr. p 38 McGeo and Lt.-Col. Devlin, President of the St. Patrick's Society, entered the hall, aud shortly after His Excellency the Governor- General appeared at the window. He was saluted witli three rous- ing cheers, and three cheers were then given for the Queen, the band of the Victoria Rifles playing '' God save the Queen." The follow- ing meiubers of his Stuff" were iu attendance : — Denis Godlcy, Esq., Private Secretary; Lieut.-Golonel Hon. l\. Monck, Military Sccre, tary ; Lieut. Colonel Irvine, A.D.C. ; Captain Pemberton, A.D.C. ; Captain Bythesoii, of the Royal Navy; with Major-General Lindsay, &c., &c. His Excellency tlien addressed the Society and those assembled as follows: — Gentlemen. — As the representative of your Sovereign, I thank you for this exhibition of loyalty paid to me as her representative. 1 have reason to believe that the sentiments of my fellow-countrymen in Canada towards inyself are of the most kindly description. (Cheers.) But I do not consider this magnificent demonstration as one of personal respect to myself. I accept it as an evidence on your part of loyalty to our gracious Sovereign, and of attachment to the institutions of our land ; and further, as a protest on your part against the principles and designs of wicked men who would disgrace the name of Irishmen by their conduct, who have threatened to desecrate the day sacred to our National Patron Saint by a wanton attack upon this peaceful, prosperous, and happy community. (Cheers.) 1 am rejoiced to perceive, alike from the manner in which I have been received, and the reception accorded to the observations I have made, that I have not misinterpreted your feelings. (Cheers.) I have proof of the existence among yourselves of the sentiments to which I have given utterance iu addressing you. (Cheers.) And I have proof not only that you hold these sentiments, but this farther proof, in the position held by the President of the Saint Patrick's Society as the commander of one of the finest corps of Volunteers in the country, (cheers,) that you give no mere barren assent to these principles, but are prepared, if need should come — which God for- bid ! — to back your opinions with your^strong right hands. (Loud and continued cheering.) After some cries for " McGee," the procession moved on, and His Excellency retired from the window, being again greeted with loud cheers as he withdrew. Thci proci'ssioii tlien went down to the «Mnnor of the llaym.irkot and Craig Street, wliere the St. Patrick's Hall is to be erected. A I'latforin liad been erected on the roof of one of the small buildings at present on tbe site (»f the Hall, for tlie use of the lientlenien whom it was intended should address the meeting. In front df this the procession halted, when Mr. Devlin came forward and said : — As President of the; St. Patrick's Society, it naturally dcivolvcd on him to speiik first on the present occasion. He expressed bis hearty congratulations at the demonstration whi(di had taken place to-day. He believed it was the greatest that had ever been seen in the city within the memory of the oldest inhabitant. (Loud cheers.) And at the present moment, and with the difficulties <'ntangling the country, the demonstration of to-day must necessarily have the most pleasing effect. (Cheers.) lie was satisfied that every Irishman present felt as proud as he did at the manner in which everything had passed otf. at the friendly and kindly way in which all had been conducted. lie did not mean to make a speech. He was now talking to them from the roof of a venerable shanty oc- cupied at present, besides himself, by His Worship the Mayor, the Plon. jMembor f>r Montre d West, and four Presidents of various National and Keiigious Societies. And it was pleasant to think that l)efore twelve months were over, on this very site, would be erected a building, the results of our patriotism, and bearing the name of the Patron Saint of Old Ireland. ((Ireat cheering.) It would be a building which would reHoet credit on them all, and do honour to "•enerations yet to cftme. (('heers.) The plans were now in the course of preparation, and, liefore the l.jth of April next, he expected without fail to see the workmen busily engaged in the construction of the building. (Loud cheers.) As he had said at tlie commence- ment, he did not meati to make a speech, for they would now have the pleasure of hearing some remarks from His Wor-ship the Mayor, and he would therefore conclude by reriuestiug them to give three hearty fheevs for old Ireland. 'Phis request having been gl(U'iously responded to. Henry Starnes, Es<|uire. (His Worship the Mayor) came forward and was received with great applause. After thanking the immense number of his fellow-citizens, in inviting him. as Chief iO ii> .MiijLuisti'iito of the City, lo lake 8Uoh a proiuiiient part in this tleiuon fltration, and coiipratuhitliij; them on the great success it hadachit'vi!il, he refcne'l to the splendid eormon whioli had been delivered by the preacher of the day, wherein Christian charity and brotherly love had been ably advocated, and the duties of faithful and loyal .subjects most cioi|Uentiy dutiued. (Loud cheers. J lie next alluded to the speech of His Exci'Ueney the Governor General, who had eud(n>ed the loyalty of the Irish in words of truth and ability rarely cfjualied. (Cheers.; Some of thcii fclloweiti/ens had been against having thi^j procession, and spoke generally ajiainst gatherings of the kind. Now he was in favour of them entirely, and es})cciaily was he in lavour of tliis demonstration at the present time. (Cheers.) With regard to the fears as to vhe result of it, all had now been di-prlled ; everything had gone off quietly, and the fri.sh of Montreal had rea-^on to be proud of themselves, (Loud eheors.) lie had the opportunity of watching the procession, as well as of taking a part in it, and he declared it to have been the largest and the best, and the most orderly conducted that ever met in the city. He represented to those present the folly and the foolishness of removing their deposit.s from the Savings' j>ank. Where could tlu'y bi: more safe than in an Institution of whieli their Bishop had the contiol, and which was watched over and guarded by their Priests? (I^oud elieering.) He was himself a Director of tlie City and District Savings' Uunk, and he gave his word for it. they were perfectly safe in depositing their earnings there. I?y withdraw. ing their .savings they did an immense deal of h;irm to the poor, for from the surplu.s interest upon them within the last five years, at least $ 1-0,000 had been distributed among the charitable institutions of the city. (Loud cheers.) He had never doubted the loyalty of the Jri.4i towards the country of their adoption ; the great turn-out of today proved it to a demonstration. His Worship alluded to the false rumors circulated as to their disaffection, and said they were like many other scandals, easily raised, but thoroughly untrue. (Cheers.) The Irishmen of Montreal were never more loyal and true than they were now, and the circulators of reports to the contrary were no men, and deserved to be hounded down. He would not detidn them longer, as a far better speaker — the Hon. Mr. McGee—was to follow him ; but he would say, in conclusion, that to day would mark an era in the history of this country — showing that the first commercial city of Canada was loyal to the heart's core, and let who would attempt to 41 invade it, tliij would lucet with a warm reception, and tho old fla^; would be stuck to for ever. (I'roloiigcd clieoringj b'omo rciutivks were iiiso made by the Prosidcutsuf llicf^t. Patrick's Beuovnlout Society and tlic St. Jolui Baptisto, and other tiontlemen, ai'ter wiiich the Ibllowiui'- a<^cern good from evil." Whoever celebrates this day in any different spirit to this, is no true son of St. I'atrick — but a spurious sjiawu, a bastard breed, whose pretensions arc a deadly insult to the legitimate children of the house. (Loud checr.s.) 1 miglit follow our iVpo>tle through every scene of his eventful life to illustrate the theory of his character, for still he manifests the same true character, whether herding swine, or dictating a code to Princes — but I must not detain you too long upon your feet. — You have already given live or six hours to your celebration, and you are no doubt anxious to disperse to your homes. Gentlemen, I thank you heartily for the patience with which you have listened to me, and I beg to renew my cordial congratulations on the satisfactory result of the day's proceedings. (Loud cheers). THE CONCERT. In the evening a Grand Concert was given in the City Hall, at which an immense number was present, amounting, we believe, to some 2000 persons. At eight o'clock the President (B. Devlin, Esq.,) entered the Hall, accompanied by the guests of the Society, amongst whom were the Hon. John A. Macdouald, Hon, ]Mr. McGee, Hon. Mr. Cartier, Hon. Mr. Campbell, Hon. Mr. Cockburn, C J. Brydges, Esq., and others. The Presidents of the various National Societies also occupied place on the platform. The President opened the pro- ceedings by some congratulatory remarks on the great success attending the demonstration, and also on the prospect that next year they should celebrate this day in their own Hall. He also expressed his regret ttat — this being Saturday night, rendering it necessary that the programme should bo completed beibre midnight — they could not expect addresses from their distinguished guests. At the conclusion of the President's remarks the programme was proceeded with, and thoroughly enjoyed by all present. Jitter in the evening Gen. Lind- say and staff made their appearance, nnd were conducted to the plat- form. In reply to continued calls, Hon. Mr. ^lacdonald and Mr. 45 McGee came forward and (.poke hriofly and in happy terms of tlu; successful dcujonstration now coming to m doso. On the completion of the programme, three cheers ^ve^e called for, for Old Ireland, the Governor General, flon. J. A. Macdonald, lion. Mr. McCJee, and the respected President of the Society, each of which wore liherally res- pen led to. The band then played the National Anthem, which wad greeted by cheers sufficient to rai.se the lariiB andience dispersed. the roof from the Hall, after which