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Tous les autres exemplaires origiriaux sont film6s en commenpant par la premidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboies suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre filmds d des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour §tre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est film6 A partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 4 8 6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, ALFRED R. C. SELWYN, Director. —ip . REPORT OF % . MR. HENRY G. VENNOR ON THE GEOLOGV OF lASTINGS COUITY, ONTASIO, WITH A MAP OF THE REGION ADUUIiSSliU TO M IH \Vir.T.lAM i:. i.oaAN, f.r.h. I,ATK DIliKCTOK Ol' TIIK OlilCAL SUItVEV, A S51.I ■ • 1807-68.) i 1 1 1 ( Ext tatted from the Report o^' Proifren. MONTUKAL; DAWSON IlKOS. 1H7U. ■IC— - Wa^Sm^- K^ ^,-*t ..,...«... >p mm - ■>*-»« » » »Mm^ f^<* •«-K i« ,^.^ ■an !*• m-n" r t ^^ ■iSaBMMWBaM CEC HAS' {Ex n V sp^' ^ GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ALFRED R. C. SELWYN, Dirbcto?.. REPORT OF jLvIR. HENRY G. VENNOR ^'^ ON THE GEOLOtiT OF HASTmGS COUITY, OITAEIO, vV>,.ii A MAT OF THE REGION ; ^ ADDREbSED TO '. ;?,7^^ Tr71V:.IAI.I S. I:CG-ATSr. F.R.S. • LATE DIRECTOR OF THE > OLOGICAfc SURVEY. ^ ■i;i {Extracted from the Report of Progre88-fofJ,MA^.) 1 1 monthbal : DAWSON BROS 1870. Ti^" 45 •tr V A H *o'' .s:^^-^' ^^' .,-^:;\\\^^^^^^\^^ A \^ \ V N 1 (1 A X X N .10 i N" (; F 1 'i -Ty :a- ,v- ^r. 'P ^\ ;-v\\\^'^ ^U\"W^.A'-y \^ \ \ \ ■%■»- ^* v^ %> ■4> Ir- :;c\\vvAvVi A\^ ^ '. '^k:l »-^,^\\v\ ^-"^ 3-^^3EaT ■nsi Ir' /;• (iEOL<)(lI('AI. SI fiVFV uv CANADA Sii \VK I.e. 'Ml, Mi ^. Ilii.M i,.i MAP ROCK FORMATIONS III l'i(i'»s ()| (lie CoKlillis 1. 1 PtTERbOROUCH HA6TING8 AODINCTOK t FRONTEN AC rR()VIN( i: OK riNTAHIO /(' lilll.slKlf, flu l.\/lll)l(lll,lll III M' !l ("iWiiniii • ,• / .l/i/r,i- tu (>iu hull .K n UthA X-r A B I .N (i f{ \\ 'T II A M >-^' \ \ \ \ \ |{ l{ I K^^A V 0" C^ .J' K N :■* )■ HXPLWAiiox 01 Tin: colors SllllUAN I.IMI-.STONKS ( !//< M/iisf . 11///, /,',, -.r/.i// . A/l ( II Si ///,'■■/., i(H i IfHilhutiClilfiW ' _ . Lim/.slrilf.> ,1/1,1 (l,/l„iiil/(\s- Wl/Jl ,ii>lil ii(l<' ^^«^sl I'niiii C.r.Tiiw'icli 4s M II r III I, r a h ,i s t n Sect ton 4s 7|7° i.^ ij(tu\l/l.i .^V'liuitl a I ^.'^/rU.'CUi PRIHTED DY JOHN LOVELL, MONTRKAL. - ) 4 J ib / '\i -) / •4 / *;?> \i REPORT Of MR. HENRY G. VENNOR, ADDRESSED TO 3IR WILLIAM E. LOGAN, F.R . S. , F.G .S. , DIBBCTOa OF THB OBOLOalCAL 8UBVBY OF CANADA. Montreal, May 1, 1869. Sir,— Early in May of 18GG you were pleased to direct me to commence a series of explorations in the township of Madoc, in the North Ridin-^ of Hastings County, Ontario, and, starting from that township as a centre, to proceed to make a detailed examination of the rocks through Hastings and tue adjoining' counties, and to take particular note of all mineral deposits of economic value. The explorations then commenced were con- tinued during the ensuing seasons of 1807-08, and I now beg to lay before you, iu a somewhat condensed form, the substance of my Reports for those years accompanied by a colored geological map on the scale of four miles to an inch. The country examined covers an area of about 194 siiuarc miles, being bounded oa the north by the Peterson and Mississippi road lines und the •^■''■"^'ncJ. Opeonga road ; on the south by the Silurian limestones between the town- ships of ShofF. Id and Belmont ; on the east by the Addington road run- ning tl'rough Addington County ; and ou the west by the Burleigh road in Poterboro' County. The townships which have been tlio most explored, and of which I have prepared a geological map, are Madoc, Marmora, Elzevir, Lake, Tudor and (jooiogiwi Grimsthorpe, in Hastings County ; Kaladra- and parts of Anglesea, in Ad- ' dington County ; and JJolmont and Methuen in Petorboro' Countv, to tho rocks of some of which allusion has already boon made in former Reijorts. Besides these surveys I also made a traverse as far north as the York Branch of tho Madawaaka Rivor, ou tho Uaatings road, between tho muji; 3^ BoelftofHael ings County. Aeeending sectioD. lovrer division. « GEOLOGICAL SUBYPIY OF CANADA. townships of Faraday and, Dungannon; on the east a survey, partly by chain and partly by pacing, of the Addington road, from the town line of Sheffield, as. far north as the head of Mazinaw Lake, in the township of Abinger ; and to the west a survey of the Burleigh road a. far as the town- ship of Car'iiff. These last traverses were made in connection with my central work, with .. view of determining, if possible, the extent of the dolomites, mica-siates,conglomerates and schistose limestones of this region, which, as you are aware, differ considerably in their lithological char- acters .'rom the great mass of the Lower Laurcntian rocks. Much infor- mation with regard to the geology of parts of the district is found in the Report of Mr. Murray for 1852-53, and in that of Mr. Macfarlanc for 1866, and the results of these explorers have greatly aided me in my investigations. An ascending series of the rocks was prepared by me in 1866, and was published by you in the Quarterly Journal of th? Geological Society of London, for 1867, and subsequently in the Canadian ^aiurali«i; the object, at that time, being to shew the geological position of the remarkable fossil Uozoon Canadense, which had been found at the summit of the series in Tudor. This section, which is here repeated, was made from the results of my explorations in the townships of Elzevir, Ma^l-j, Marmora, Belmont, Lake and l\idor, the average thickness of each mass having been deduced from numerous exposures in the different townships. For reasons which will be api)arent in the course of the Report it is found desirable to divide the section into tliree parts, which will be represented by distinct colours in the accompanying map. Division a. Feet. 1. A great mass of highly crystalline gyenitic rocl< gonernlly deep rod, but presenting varietiea in textrre and in color, without apparent stra- tifictttion, 80 far as yet observed. Thicjtness not ascertained. 2. Reddish and flesh-coloured granitic gneiss, tlie thickness of which is unknown ; estimated at not less than ; OQQy 3. Greyish and flesh-coloured gneiss, Bomeiiines hornblcndic, passing towards the summit into a dark luica-schisl, and including portions of green- ish-wh'le diorlte ; mean of several pretty closely agreeing mcasure- meuis ,„.„.v . ,, .... ,. 1040O 4. crystalline limestone, sometimes magnesian, Including lenticular patches of quartz, and broken and contorted layers of quartzo-feldpathic rock, rarely above a few inches in thickness. This limestone, which includes in Elzerir a on<-foot l-ed of graphite, is sometimes very thin, but in other places attains a thioknesB of 730 feet; iSlifflttlttd as averaging , |a* I I I I I ea na irr tro the atr sy ', partly hy own line of township of as the town- 3n with my ctent of the this region, gical char- Much infor- )und in the jfarlanc for , me in my 6, and was Society of the object, kable fossil le series in ; results of , Belmont, ving been 'or reasons esirablo to by distinct REPORT OF MR. HENEY Q. VSNNOR. Division B.* Feet. lUt ra- is rda n- re- leg lie le, ei t; 200O 1040O 400 Feet. Jliddte division' 4200 Upper division, I i. Ilornblendic and pyroxenic rockg, including several varieties of diorite and diabase, both massive and schistose, occasionally associated near th'i base, with darli micaceous schists, and also with chloritib and epidotic strata, including beds of magnetite; average thickness. . . . Division Q,. 1. Crystalline and somewhat granular raagnesian limestone, occasionally interstratified with diorites, and near the base with silicious slates and small beds of impure steatite 330 This limestone, wliich is often silicious and ferruginous, is metal- liferous, holding disseminated copper pyrites, blende, mispickel, and iron pyrites, tlie latter also sometimes in beds of two or three feet. Gold occurs in tlie limestone at the village of Madoc, associated with an argentiferous grey copper ore, and also in irregular veins with bitter-spar, quartz, and a carbonaceous matter at the Richardson mine in the township of Madoc. 2. Gray silicious or fine-grained mica-slates, with an interstratified mass of about sixty-feet of yellowish-white dolomite, divided into bed? by thin layers of the mica-slate, which, as well as the dolomite, often becomes conglomerate, including round'H masses of greisa and quartzito from one to twelve inches in diameter 400 .3. Bluish and grayish micaceous slate, interstratified with layers of gneiss, and and occasionally holding crystals of magnetite. The whole division weathoi'S to a rusty brown , 500 4. Gneissoid micaceous quartzites, banded grey and white, with a few Instrat- ified beds of silicious limestones, and, like the last division, weatlier- ing rusty brown 1900 5. Grey micaceous limustone, sometimes plumbaginous, becoming in its upper portion a calc-schist, but moro massive towards the base, wliero it is interstratified witli occasional layers of diorite, and layers of n rusty- "eatliering quartzite like 4 1000 In regard to '.ho volume thus Rivesi to tliis seciea, it may be well to remark that, though allowance lias been tnade for numerous folds in estimating it, it may still be exaggerated by many folds that may have escaped detection. — total thickness 21130 The geographical dintributiou of these rocks shews a scries of north- oast and south-west undulations, throwing the upper division (C) into long narrow troughs in these directions. These undulations aro crossed at Lnduiauom, irregular intervals by geological elevations, which aoparate the ends of the troughs, and by depressions v.hioh unite the sides. The anticlinal axes of the north-cast undulations, which are parallel to one another, and nearly ' straight, appear, as far as ascertained, to bo five in number, producing si.* synclinals ; while of the tratisvorse elevations, one runs north of west in a * The rocks of this divisiuu aro described at sotno length in Mr. Mactarlnue's Report OQ llaatlnga Co,, \HQI',. pacro 05, 6 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. somewhat curved line, and another, if it be not a final out-crop of the rocks at the base, bears rather west of north. The eflfect of the two series of undulations gives to the upper division, when [laid down on a map, the figur« of two diverging forms furnished with long projecting points runnmg in contrary directions, and precisely opposite to one another; to th« contour of which the lower divisions, B and A, conform as will be seen on the accompanymg geological map. Division A. Red syenites ©fAl. Lower division. Perhaps the most striking and prominent feature in the townships of Madoc and Marmora is that formed by extensive barren red syenitic rocks, which cover a large area where the two townships adjoin. Such rocks , (A 1) in which there are no apparent marks of stratification, are met with at both ends of Hog Lake, in Huntingdon, about two and ahalf miles south of Madoc village, where they are immediately overlaid by the main body of the Lower Silurian limestones. Cu the west side of a promon- tory of these limestones the syenitic rocks strike northward into Madoc and Marmora, as far as the middle of the eighteenth lot on the boundary between these townships, with a breadth of about four miles, the river Moira forming their western limit, whence they spread eastward to the third range <^ Madoc. This mass is known as the Huckleberry rocks or RedMountaii They are chiefly composed of flesh -red feldspar, trans- lucent quartz, little greenish hornblende, and sometimes finely dissemi- nated crystals of specular iron and iron pyrites. All through this area the country is much broken up, and hardlj pass- able, the high barren ridges alternating with extensive swamps and marly ponds. These ridges run in a northwest and southeast direction, and the rock is iu many parts overlaid by outlying pawhes of Lower Silurian limestone. From the northern part of this area a subordinate elevation strikes south eastward across the fifth, sixth and seventh concessions of Madoc, having a breadth of from one and a-half to three quarters of a mile, pointing for a similar mass at Downey's rapids at the eastern end of Hog Lti^c. On the seventh range it is seen to pass under an outlying patch of Silurian limestone about the eighth and ninth lots, and is lost sight of. Several very extensive bods of magnetic iron ore, and deposits of rod hematite occur in the immediate vicinity of this syonitio mass in Madoc and Marmora, such as the Sc^'^nrinr, McCallum and Marsh bods, which will be referred to fuHhcr on in ision B, to which they belong. On the outskirts of tho area just described, and at its junction with the ovrrlying rocks, there occurs in many places a breccia with a granitic or feidspathiu base, inclosing frugtuunlii uf gneiss and greenstone or dioritg^ REPORT OF MR. HENRY G. VBNNOR. crop of the of the two down on a g projecting one another ; 1 as will be 3 townships ■ed syenitic Such rocks , n, are met a half miles by the main : a promon- • Madoc and le boundary 3, the river ward to the rry rocks or spar, trans- oly dissemi- hardly pass- 3wamps and ircction, and ver Silurian to elevation mcessions of ;r8 of a mile, end of Ilog 'ing patch of )8t sight of. )sit8 of red js in Madoc bods, which ion with the I granitic or ifi or diorife, I with magnetite, as seen a short distance south of Powell's saw-mill on the f^g*"!**" river Moira, about the fourteenth lot of the tenth range of Marmora. Another similarly brecciated, but much more strongly marked mass, in some parts containing rounded fragments, crosses the Hastings road about three ' 'Vs north of Madoc village, running in a south-easterly direction down *)' ' .xth and part of the seventh ranges, striking with and immediately '-djoii..ng the Seymour iron-ore bed, and forming high and broken ridges of a pale red color. The enclosed fragments are greenstone, felsite, gneiss, and translucent quartz, varying in diameter from less than one inch to eight or nine inches. In the north-west quarter of Madoc, between the village of Bannock- bum and the northeast comer of Marmora these red syenitic rocks are seen forming several connected parallel high ridges, called the Red Hills, Rednuij, running northeast and southwest through the influence of the undulations, whose axes bear in that direction. Here they are associated with albitic granite, the feldspar being of a pale gray, mixed more or less v;ith translucent quartz and a considerable quantity of black or brownish mica in comparatively large scales. High barren hills of red syenite, known as the Red Mountains, are next nod Mountains, seen in the northwest quarter of Lake township, stretching from Tonga- mongucLake northeastward to Clear Lake, which is situated or the twenty- sixth and twenty-seventh lots in the eighth range of the township, the distance across being about four miles and a-half. Northeastward these hills pass a little beyond the town line of Wollaston. In Methuen township, at the western end of Trout Lake, about two miles westward of the mass last described, another north-east anticlinal bringing the syenite rocks to the surface, extends from the neighbourhood of Kah-sey-bah-gah-mog Lake, which lies between the sixth and eleventh lots nn.' riains, of the seventh and eighth concessions of Methuen, northeastward into the * *"' south-west quarter of Wollaston, forming an area commonly known as tho Pine Plains, and occupying the country for a breadth of nearly six miles, from the twentieth and twenty-first lots of the first range of this township northwestward to South Bay on Loon Lake in Chaudos. North-westward again siiailar rocks were seen crosaing the Burleigh road into Anstruthor, but hero they liave not yet been traced. On Stoncy Lakc,bctwoen th'; townships of Dummor and ]3urlcigh, similar red syenitic rocks are seen, forming appa.ontly the crown of a north-east and southwest anticlinal, lliis locality has been alluded to by Mr. Murray in his Report of lH52-5iJ, and tho syenitic rocks hero may bo a oontinua tion of those of Kah-sey-bah-gah-mog Lake, but tho relation has yet to be made out. Those successive parallel 83'enitic ridges between Madoc and the Bur- 8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. TransTwse anticUnala. Iliahor rocks of A. leigh road in Anstruther vfould appear to be brought to the surface on a north-west transverse line of elevation. A second transverse axis starts from Elzevir, and, diverging from the line already described, runs somewhat westward of north through Grimsthorpe, Cashel, Dungannon, Jionteagle and Herschel townships, crossing a continuation of the same north-east anticlinals as before. On this second axis of elevation, which probably brings up the wh?le of the rocks of division A, the following were some of the varieties observed : 1. Coarse grained rock composed of flesh-red feldspar and translucent colorless quartz, the latter often in rudely parallel layers. 2. Coarse feldspathic masses, weathering to un opaque white, the constituents being white feldspar, translucent quartz and black mica in partially continuous layers, often determining the clearnge of the rock, which would be well suited for a dur- able building material. 3. Dark green hornblendic rock containing a considerable proportion of disseminated grains and crystals of magnetic iron ore,*and probably belonging to the base of the next division (B). The rocks on this second line of elevation have, as yet, been but little examined. In an area extending from the neighbourhood of Quecns- boro, on the one hand, to Mazinp-y- Lake in Barrio, on the other, and transversely from the vicinity of Flinton in Kaladar to the north-west cor- ner of Grimsthorpe, they appear to be very largely developed ; and it is probable that they will bo kept at the surface in parallel ridges over four north-east and south-west anticinals. It is conjectured that tacy will occupy the western half of Anglcsca and the rough and unsurvcyed town- ship of Effingham. Their detailed distribution through Cashel, Limerick, Dungannon and Mayo has yet to be determined ; but on the Hastings road cliffs of similar rock wore seen crossing it about a mile north of the York Branch of the Madawaska river in Dungannon, and locks of the same description were traced as far as lots nine and ten in Ilerschcl, where Ka(?ic-no.«t ciitr. they form part of a rid;^c known as Eaglo-n«3t cliff, presenting a perpen- dicular face of over 200 feet. The rocks on this second line of eleva- tion, seem, through Dungannon, Herschel, and farther north-westward, to form the watershed between the tributaries of the Ottawa and those of the St. Lawrence. The areas underlaid by tnom, as well as by those of the more south-western line, present a rough barren country, little suited for cultivation, being covered by a light sandy and often shallow soil, supporting pine, hemlock and occasionally beeches, the latter usually occupying san i REPORT OF MR. HENRY Q. VENNOR. 9 surface on a ■se axis starts uns somewhat 3n, Montea^le ne north-east lich probably were some of colorless quartz, astituents being ntinuous layers, laited for a dur- of disseminated ; to the base of )een but little d of Quecns- e other, and orth-wcst cor- ed ; and it is gcs over four hat they will irveyed town- lel, Limerick, the Ilasthigs ! north of the locks of the rschel, whore iiig a perpcii- line of eleva- rth-westAvard, and those of as by those ountry, little )fton shallow latter usually en a'^sociatcd ho village of in his Report for 1866. They become almost immediately covered up on the south by the main body of the unconformable Lower Silurian lime. stone, and their relative position in tiiis direction could not be made out. The rocks of sub-divisions A 2, A 3 and A 4, runs northward on the eastern side of A 1 along the second line ofelevation, through the adjoining townships of Elzevir and Madoc, and those of Tudor and Grimsthorpe ; in the latter two townships, however, they are only sparingly represented^ and again proceeding northwestward at right angles to the northeast and southwest axes, in an area extending in breadth from the southeast quarter of Madoc to the northwest quarter of Lake, and in length from Belmont Lake to the southeast quarter of WoUaston are almost entirely wanting ; their position being apparently occupied by the rocks of the second divi- sion, (B) next to be doscribed. Further to the northwest, from the north- west quarter of Lake to the Burleigh road, as far as the country has been examined on each side, A 2, A 3 and A 4 assume once more an impor. tant character. Starting from Round Lake in the seventh concession of Belmont, an important band of crystalline limestone (A 4) has been traced continuously Limestone, northeastward across the lots to a position between Deer Lake and Lost Lake, where it turns northwestward to the thirty-first and thirty-second lots of the sixth range. It here covers a considerable area, and very much resembles the white crystalline limestones of Bridgewater in Elzevir. On the thirty-second lot an excavation on this band is known as Jones's marble quarry, from which specimens of marble were sent to the Paris Exhibition in 1855. From this the band has been traced northeastward across the southeast quarter of Methuen into Lake, as far as 'he fifteenth and sixteenth lots of the third concession. It then runs across the sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth lots of the second concession, into Trout Lake, but its farther distribution is not yet ascertained. Division E. The homblcndic and pyroxcnic rocks of this division, both massive and MidiUo division, schistose, are for the most part distributed through the counties ""f Hastings and Addington. They are here seen to rest immediately upon the gneisses of A 2 and A 3, but whether conformably or not is a question yet to bo investigated, as in the localities whore they are best represented, the massive diorites and greenstones, which form the base of this division, dn not otfer any clear marks of stratification. The rocks of B arc very largely represented on the second lino of trau-!versc elevation-, botweoa thQ townshipa of Madoc and Ebsevir, whero 10 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CAN.'1>A. Iron ore belt. they have been described in some detaU by Mr. Macfarlane in his report on Hastings in 1866. They are here much intersected by veins of a milky-^hite quartz, containing sulphurets of copper, and in some instances, as at the Barry mine in Elzevir, range II lot 5, native gold. From Elzevir, they trend northward on the western border of A, and again are seen covermg a large part of Tudor and Grimsthorpe townships. To the northward on this line they are but sparingly represented. From Tudor they run westward into Lake, and are there very largely exposed along the first line of elevation of division A, and are often characterized by the presence of important beds of magnetic iron ore, forming a ferriferous zone. Northwestward from the township of Lake towards the Burleigh road, on this fine of eleva- tion, they gradually diminish and are lost sight of, ^-it stretch southeast. ward on the same line into the township of Madoc, where, however, the ferriferous band is almost their only representative. The deposits of iron ore in Madoc, Marmora and Belmont, which occur in the ferriferous band at the base of the greenish hornblendic and pyroxenic rocks, have been alluded to in several of the early annual reports of the survey; they have also been noticed in the General Report on the Geology of Canada for 1863, pp. 675 and 676, and a^ain lu distribution, in greater detail in Mr. Macfarlane's Report for 1866. In these various Reports, however, they have been described as separate local deposits, a sufficient number of facts not having then been accumulated to unite them in one continuous horizon. But having during the last three seasons, in accordance with your instructions, examined them more in detail, with relation to the rocks in which they are enclosed, I have been able to satisfy myself that, with one or two unimportant exceptions, nearly all the deposits of magnetic oxyd in the district will be found in the present division, being sometimes its only representative. As the deposits of iron ore already known in this zone are of economic importance, and as other yet undiscovered masses of a similar character may exist, I shall, with a view of aiding the search for them, here give a somewhat minute descrip- tion of the course ir which it appears to me thoy will be found to run. The Seymour ore-bed is situated on the eleventh lot of the fifth range of Madoc, where the associated hornblendic aad pyroxenic rock-, and certain chhritic slates there occurring, arc well displayed. Their course from this lot is about S. 65 E. (mag.), and passing through the tenth and ninth lota of the sixth range, and the eighth and seventh of the seventh range, along which course the ore is almost "-ntinuous, it becomes partially covered up by the unconformable Lower Silurian limestone ; but turning over the axis of an anticlinal, it can bo traced curving through the seventh, eighth and ninth lots, and part of the tenth in the eiglith Madoc REPORT OP MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 11 le in his report '•-^hite quartz, 1 at the Barry v'lT, they trend overing a large ird on this line westward into ne of elevation ! of important i^orthweatward 3 line of eleva- itch southeast- however, the elmont, which ih homblendic of the early 1 the General IQ, and again these various al deposits, a ited to unite three seasons, 1 detail, with iblo to satisfy I the deposits lent division, of iron ore as other yet hall, with a nute dcscrip- i to run. of the fifth ixcnic rock^, yed. Their through the venth of the 3, it becomes cstone ; but ing through the eighth range, whence it strikes N. 65—70 W. (mag.) through the tenth, eleventh and twelfth of the seventh range, and thence through the thirteenth, four- teenth and fifteenth of the fifth rang«. On the last named lot a deposit of magnetite occurs, perhaps next in importance only to the Seymour bed, and it is worthy of note that its place here is exactly opposite to this bed, and on the other side of the anticlinal mentioned, on the crown of which occurs a coarse red syenitic rock, (A 1) which has before been referred to. From the seventeenth lot of the fifth range the course of the iron-bear- ing rocks gradually tends westerly, and would appear to pass through the seventeenth and eighteenth lots of the fourth range, the eighteenth of the third, and the eighteenth a.nd nineteenth of the second and first ranges. On these last named lots in the first rf,nge the ore is probably again in considerable quantity, but the traces of it occur only in loose masses in the soil, the ore in place being apparently at a considerabL depth beneath the surface. From these lots the brnds runs into the township of Marmora, and, ^larmora. changing its direction, trends southward, keeping almost immediately to the east of the Moira River, the course of which might almost be said to denote its farther run through this township. On the nineteenth and eighteenth lots of the eleventh range this iron zone is represented by rust- stained slates, holding some considerable beds of yellow sulphuret of iron with traces of magnetic iron ore, and hero it is closely associated with a large mass of coarse white granular limestono. Thence it runs southward through the tenth, ninth and eighth lots of the ninth range, where the McCaliuin iron-ore bed, mentioned in an early report, is situated ; while farther southward its course is indicated on the sixth and seventh lots of the eighth range, by the occurrence of the Marsh ore-bod. A short distance beyond those last lots, the ferriferous belt must run under the main body of the Silurian limestone lying to the south and to the cast, where it is lost sight of. But while thus covered it appears to change its course, and bearing westward, emerges at Marmora village, where i-pidotic rocus. the green homblendic and epidotic rocks are marked by traces of magnetic iron ore, and hold veins of red hematite. These rocks are seen running into Crow Lake, under the waters of which, and under the adjoining unconformable overlying horizontal Lower Silurian limestones, the greater part of the strata of this division are concealed. The north shore of the lake, however, gives evidence of the course of the belt, in the Kean ore- bed, which occurs on thi ihirteenth lot of the third range of Marmora, and in an exposure protruding through the Silurian limestone on the sixth l.^,,^Jont lot of the first range of this township. The Big ore-hod; on the south shore and western extremity of the lake, in Belmont, belongs to the same belt, and is probabiy brougiit up on a third hue of elevation to the west ward. 12 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Belmont. Martnc. Elzevir. Tudor. Kaladar. if Northeastward through Belmont no very large exposures of the ore have yet been observed ; but deposits may stil be found between Crow and Bel- mont Lakes, along the western shore of the latter, and up the valley of the Crow River, as well as on Deer Lake, about the twenty-fifth, the twenty- sixth and twenty-seventh lots of the second and third ranges. The exposure at Allan s millson the twenty-fifth lot of the twelfth concession of Seympur, noted by Mr. Murray in his Report for 1852-53, has probably some rela- tion to the turn which occurs in the course of the belt in Belmont Lake but whether united by a continuous out-crop, or separated on the opposite side of an ant-chnal form, the overlying Silurian limestone preve^its us from decidmo;. Returning to the Seymour bed in Madoc, with the view of tracirg this bel. on. wa-d, we find very few deposits of the ore of any extent. On the twelfth |ot of the fourth range we have a smaU bed of magnetic iron ore, and again on the sixth lot of the third range, beyond which, southward, the belt runs under the Silurian. At the eastern end of Hog Lake, on ti:^ Moira River at Downey's rapids, magnetic iron ore is again met with, and finally in Elzevir, on tho third lot of the fifth concession, where it occurs in a '^^yrom two to three feet thick enclosed in a steatitic material, as men- tioned by Mr. Macfarlane in the Report of 1866. Where the rocks of division B are brought up in the northwest quarter ot Madoc, magnetic iron ore has been found on the twenty-fifth lot of the si.xth range of Madoc, where a small bed occurs, dipping to the north- east a an angle of from forty to forty-five degrees. The only other locahty IS in the extension of the belt farther north, on the fifty-fifth lot, on the west side of the Hastings road, in Tudor, where it is associated wi'h gneiss and granular limestone. (A 3 and A 4). This last locality has not been mentioned in any of the previous published annual reports, but samples of the ore were sent by you to the London Industrial Exhibition of 1862, The ore would appear to be of excellent quality, although more or less mixed with graphite. The breadth of this bed could not be determined, owing to the wood-covered condition of the country, but from the large masses of ore scattered about in the vicmity there is little doubt that it occurs in abundance. It is probable that other beds of this ore will yet be found along the course of the rocks B, whoso distribution has thus far been partially pointed out, and will be farther understood from the description to be given of the distribution of the next overlying division (C), at the ba. of which tins ferriferous belt occurs. Rocks similar to B wore again seen argely devc ■ .d in the vicinity of Flinton, in Kaladar township, where they are on t. e eastern border of the second transverse line of elevation Which brings up division A. TLey here stretch with an apparent thickness REPORT OF MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 13 of 3000 feet, northeastward along the Addington road, between Barrie and Anglesea, to Mazinaw Lake in the former township. Along the line they are intersected by numerous reticulating veins of a pistachio- green epidote, which divide the mass into rhomboidal 'brms, and altogether bear a strong likeness to the description given in the Geology of Canada, of similar diorites and slates in the Huronian system. In Addington they are also followed by a green slaty conglomerate, which at present is supposed to belong to the base of the next and highest division. Kpidotic diorites. Division C. The limestones, mica-schists and calc-^chists of this division are spread uppprdinjion. in a very irregular manner over the country examined. As stated on page 146, they may be said to form two series of troughs running north- east and southwest, more or less connected with each other at their sides by two transvers? depressions of the strata, and separated in the middle by a transverse elevation. The number of these synclinal forms is five, with an average breadth of j-j^.^ ^yncunais between four or five miles each. The most southeastern one is so obscured by the interference of the overlying unconformable Lower Silurian lime- stone that little more can be said of it than that its axis may be considered to occur somewhere near Queensboro', in the southeast quarter of Madoc* The axis of the second synchnal runs tLz-ough the southwest and scc«nd baam, northeast corners of Marmora, and through the northwest quarter of Grimsthorpe. In this form the upper division has a length of about twenty-four miles from Crow Lake northeastward, and is divided into two parts of nearly equal length, which are separated from one another about a mile and a-half at the northwestern extremity of the Red Hills. The axis of the third would pass through the united lers of Belmont an ' Lake and the centre of Cashel. In it the upper division stretches foi about thirty miles northeast from Belmont Lake, and is separated, as in the last, into two nearly equal portions about a mile and a-half apart on Beaver Creek, about two miles below the bridge on the Hastings road. This syncUnal is afiected by minor northeast undulations, sufficiently pro- minent to divide it longitudinally into several subordinate forms. The fourth axis runs through the adjoining corners of Mothucn and Wollaston, and across the middle of the south line of j^ungannon. In it the rocks of the upper division have an extent of fifteen miles southwestward to Eaglo Lake, where the summit of tb ; underlying division B appears, but what separation there may be between this and a basm on the same axis farther to the southwest, has not been clearly made out. The axis of chc fifth ThinI baski. Fourth baaiD. ^•Ji:i 14 GEOiiOGICAL SURVEY 0* CANADA. Fifth basin. Limestones, CI Dolomites. synclinal runs through the adjoining comers of Burleigh and Chandos, and thos-^ of Dungannon and Carlow. The rocks of the upper division in this extend from the York Branch of the Madawaska River, for about thirty miles to the south-western end of Loon Lake in Chandos. This form is, like all the others probably divided into two parts by the out-crop of rocks of Woutton ''' ^^ ^°^ ^' somewhere in the northwest quarter of _ The_ different rock masses which fill these troughs, have already been given m he general section, and I shall now proceed to give some few local details m regard to their distribution, beginning wirh the lowest, (C 1). At the base of the third ^l.sion we have in many places large exposures of crystalline hmestone, associated with dolomite. A white crystalline lime- stone of this horizon is very largely represented in the first synclinal in Elzevir, at the village of Bridgewater, and it has there been quarried for bmlding purposes and used in Belleville. Westward from this the same band covers a large part of the fourteenth lot of the fourteenth range of Huntingdon, on the shore of Hog Lake, where it has been worked, and ^vould appear suitable for constructions. It is, however, on this lot much more interstratified with white quartz, tremolite, and an impure talc-slate, all of them in thm layers, audit holds a bed of translucent quartz five teet th.ck. The xayers of tremolite weather out in relief from the enrface of the limestone and give a ribanded appearance to the rock. On this lot, near the shore of the lake, „aere is a considerable exposure of pale flesh-rsd somewhat magner'-- limestone, weathering to a yellowish-drab together with a brown-weathering dolomite cut by minute seams of magnetic oxyd of iron, which weather out into sharp edges on the surface. The flesh-red limestone, being of a compac^ texture, appears well suited for ornamental purposes; but both it an(^, che dolomite are more or less micaceous, and often much interstratified with greenish dioritic slates From this lot these bands run into H.g Lake, but are again seen about the middle of it, forming a large part of the Bridge Island. Immediately to the east of the village of Madoc, bluish and bluish- gray banded crystalline limestone belonging to this horizon (C 1) adjoins a drab or brownish-yellow dolomite. The limestone is more micaceous than in the previous locality, and the mica, being in continuous layers, at irregular distances through the mass, in most instances indicates the bedding of the rock. This limestone has been worked and used in BeUevHle, but does not furnish a very good building stone. On the seventeenth lot of the sixth concession o*" Madoc, at and around the Desperado mine, in the vicinity of El Dorado, a beautiful compact pale flesh-red very silicious dolomite occurs, and extends east and west into the nJghboring lots. On the eighteenth lot of the fifth range, on which xtEPORT OF MR. HEVRY Q. VBNNOR. 16 i=L;:t;ue. 13 situated the Richardson gold mine, the dolomite forms prominent ridges much interstratified with silicioua slates. On the line between the first and second synclinal, in the twenty-fifth and twenty-sixth lots of the sixth and seventh ranges, is a limestone of a bluish-white, which would appear well suited for building purposes ; but no openings have yet been made on it in this locality. Yellowish-drab dolomites of a compact texture are seen on the east side of the Hastings road, in the twenty-second, twenty-third and twenty-fourth lots of the sixth range of Madoc, whence they strike in a northwesterly direction into the township of Lake. On the road running between the seventh and eight ranges of Madoc, in the fourteenth and fifteenth lots, ridges of a beautiful pinkiau- white dolomite occur. It is of a rather compact texture, and appears to be very silicious, yielding much fine white sand in weathering. Veins of white translucent qaartz cut this mass in many directions, holding occasional traces of copper pyrites. On the south-east side of the second synclinal, on the sixteenth lot of the Marbio. eleventh range of Marmora, and extending into Madoc, there occurs a large area of white granular limestone which, when examined in 1866, was being quarried by a marble-cutter named Feigel. This marble seemed to work well, judging from the finisL.d samples shewn me, and might be used for ornamental purposes. In accordance with your instructions samples of this stone were prepared and forwarded to the Paris Exhibition of 1867. In the third synclinal, at the south-western end of the north-eastern portion, a very fine grained white limestone was met with on the fifty-fifth lot, west side of the Hastings road, in Tudor, immediately adjoining tlie magnetic iron ore alluded to when describing the distribution of the ferri- ferous belt. Overlying the limestones and dolomites (C 1) of this part of the upper division there occurs a series of mica-slates (0 2) grayish and sometimes iiica-siates, c 2, greenish in color. Lighter and darker shades among ti^ese appear to be due to varying proportions of mica and in some cases of hornblende. The limestones and dolomites (C 1) appear to be wanting in some places, and in this case the mica-slates (C 2) rest upon the rocks of division E. It is then also somewhat difiicult to define the line of separation between the two, particularly when the micaslates assume a greenish color, and the limit has, in such cases, to be somewhat arbitrarily assumed. The mica-slates of subdivisions C 2 and C 3, are extensively developed in the south-eastern side of the first or Madoc synclinal, where they have been described, together with the rocks of division B, by Mr. Macfarlano 16 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Mica-slatos. Kannockburn in his Report for 1866. From Madoc they pass into the second synclinal, and in it are seen along the southern half of the eastern side of Tudor, and the western of Grirasthorpe. In their course along the north-west si le of the synclinal, these slates are • seen through the eastern portion of Lake, and southward to Bannoekburn village, in Madoc township, in which last locality the rusty-weathering quartziti > of tho following sub-division, C 4, make their appearance, and together with the rusty mica-slates of C 3 predominate, almost to the exclusion of C 2. From thence they were traced southward, as far as Keller's bridge over the Moira river, on the Hastings road, wher" they were overlaid by a patch of the Lower Silurian limestones. In Marmora, in the southern portion of this second synclinal, the slates of C 2 and C 3 are seen covering a considerable area on its north-western side, from the north-east quarter of that township to the foot or southern extremity of Belmont lake, in Belmont township ; and thence along the south-eastern side of the same synclinal through Crow lake, in Marmora, beyond which they are concealed by the overlying Lower Silurian lime- stones. In the third synclinal, namely that passing though Belmont and Lake townships,these slates are very largely represented in its southern part ; the/ are seen along its north-western side through the south-east quarter of Methuen and the southwest of Lake, and form prominent ridges near the bridge over Deer river, in the twelfth and thirteenth lots of the third range of T-ake tu nship. In the last locality they strike nearly north, ^\ith a dip to the eastward of somewhat less than thirty degrees, and are here seen to rest upon the gneisses of division A. ^ Further on in their course, theso slate- "each Burnt lake, which occu- pies the seventeenth and eighteenth lo'" .» the seventh, and the greater parts of the same numbered lots of the sixth range, where islands composed of these slates mark the run of the band througli the lake, and belong to the northern extremity of the southern portion of the third synclinal. At the south-western end of the northern portion of the same synclinal, slates of divisions C 2 and C 3 are seen to spread over a considerable area in tho vicinity of Dickey and Clear lakes, where the prevailing color of tho rooks is gray. On tlie southeastern side of this part of tho synclinal, tlioso slntes from the chief rock on the east side of Wadsworth lake, situated in tho north-east corner of Tudor, whence they run into Cashel, with a steep dip to the north-west. On the north-western side of this tliird synclinal those slates of divisions C 2 and C 8 a-^ but sparingly represented, and continue to bo so in tho two remaining synclinals to tho north-westward. In the first or Madoc synclinal, at its southern extremity, on the farms second synclinal, le of Tudor, and I these slates are to Bannockburn usty-weathering ippearance, and , almost to the (vard, as far as ad, wher" they linal, the slates ts north-western bot or southern ence along the e, in Marmora, ' Silurian lime- in ont and Lake them part ; thcj sast quarter of 'idges near the the third range )rth, \sith a dip 1 are here seen ke, which occu- ,nd the greater lands composed , and belong to synclinal. 3amo synclinal, isiderahlc area ng color of the the synclinal, lulsvvorth lake, in into Caahel, •n side of this hut sparingly 'nclinnls to the ', on the farms BEPORT OP MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 17 of O'Hara and McKcnzie, lots three, four and five of the fifth range, the slates of C 2 are bluish, fine grained, and somewhat argillaceous, but with a cleavage however parallel with the stratification. These have been somewhat extensively quarried, and cut for whetstones, and are referred whetstones, to in the Geology of Canada, pp. 66, 809. Further specimens of these slates were procured by myself during 1866, samples of which, cut and prepared in Montreal by an experienced person, were pronounced to be very suitable for whetstones. This variety has not yet been met with in any of the other synclinals to the northward. In diflerent parts of the vertical thickness of the slates of C 2 and C 3 and in many places in their distribution, occur three different descriptions of conglomerate, all of which are seen on the lots just mentioned, where they occur in the following order, ascendinf : I. A dolomite much interstratified with dark silicious mica-alates, both often Conglomorptee, holding large and well-rounded masses of quartz and syenite, which vary in liiameter from one to twelve indies. II. A black and very silicious slate holding large boulders of gneiss and syenitei atul forming smooth rounded dome -like ridges. III. A grayish and sometimes greenish mica-slate, having small flat ovoi J pebbles of vitreous quartz lying on their sides in the planes of bedding. It may be remarked that while the last conglomerate is the highest in the series, it is also the most continuous of the three ; the other two coarser conglomerates appear to occur in lenticular patches of a more local character. At the village of Bridgewater conglomerate layers abound in a band of mica-schist 120 feet thick, having a streaked sur- face from the alternation of grayish and reddish layers. The enclosed pebbles are of red and white quartz, occurring in parallel beds from two inches to five feet in thickness, which are separated by mica-schist layers holding only a few scattered pebbles. " Westward from this a similar band of conglomerate is seen on the north side of the ruad leading from Bridgewater to Madoc, on the third lot of the eighth anu ninth ranges of Elzevir, which appears to me to bo a continoiitioii of that of Bridgewater. Here, however, it is associated with one of the coarser conglomerate bands (II) rising in large rounded ridges from the field. The matrix appears to be chieHy a black silicious slate, and it i.'j more or less charged with well-rounded fragments of quartz and syenite. Adjoining this, but below it, there occurs a conglomerate with a schistose dolomitic matrix, the pebldos themselves sometimes being of dolomite, interstratified with siniilar black silicious slates. In some places the rounded fragments oiioo enclosed have been removed from thx exterior, giving tu the surface of the mass a pitted and cellular ajipearance. Where these rounded masses are etiulosed in the greatest abunduucc they lie m .m^w^'Wi 'm ■^m Wf \ ^-'2- M^^^^-'^Wm:^ Mid Division C C! Varictlai ot CO. ,. ^--^^^"^^^'^^^^^ la GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. the form Of parallel beds cr lenticular patches, the portion between these beds liolding only a few scattered pebbles. These conglomerates in the first synclinal arc lost sight of for some distance under the horizontal Silurian limestones, but are a^ain seen immediately to the north of the village of Madoc, forming a conglomerate ndge described in the Geology of Canada, p. 32. /Ihe matrix of thin is a mica-slate more or less charged with grains of a dark green steatitic mineral. The enclosed fragments are in general rather a°ngular, and ^f white and back colors Similar conglomerates occur on the third, fourth and fifth lots of the fifth range of Madoc, where they are on the north- western Side of the first or xMadoc synclinal. Inthe thinl synclinal, on the north-west side, conglomerates are seen associated With slates, and forming several islands, running with the strike, on Be mont Lake where thoj; have ah-eady been described in Mr. Murray- Report for 1802-3. They dip to the east or south of east, and are similar in ciaraotcr to those above mentioned. Tlie lower members of the upper division, thus far described, (C 1 C '> and C 3) constitute in their distribution, the rim of the two sets of troughs into which the five synclinals of the district have been divided The centres of these troughs are filled with the calcareous and quartzose beds which correspond to the higher members of the upper division. Later observations make it probable that the thickness of 1900 feet assi.-ned in Madoc to the quartzites C4, is an exageration, since in the secoiid a.°l third synclinals these quartzites are much less conspicuous, and cannot be dis- tiiiguished from certain quartzose beds which appear to be interstratified N^'th the calcareous sti-ata of C 5. This subdivision presents ma.iy va>-ieties rock, some of winch are repeated several times i,i the vertical thickness. Ihe strata, however, are corrugated by numerous minor uii.lulation.s, which often give repetitions of the variety of a special horizon, on a give.i lino Of section. It hence becomes impossible to give the sequence of these varieties, which I shall therefore .lescribe in the order of their importance as seen .n the township of Tudor, where they are as follows :_ 1. Gray mlcacrous Hn.oslonc, or calcareous mica schiats, Bcn,c«l,at j.luinbaglnou., a. Wl,ite nud ljlul8l,.(frny rompnct limoMonP, sliBlitlv silir, ., 3. Grayi,b ;i-';;i'<;;v-a...nn, to «l,it .,d y.n..Uk-^roy.u, and sLnviug ,L„e colors in alturuato bands on weathered surfaces '■ "' iZ whhV'"'-''"'' "'" " '""*' -^'^^^^-^or. surrac, strenked aud ipottca with ferruginous stains 8. Orny in.puro limesto^o. s milar to th. la,., but in addition holding radiating om.a U,ty ub.globulnrn.,ssoD,«hichar« .catfred irregularly throuah l-« rocK, and va y in si.c from o,.. ,,ua.ter of an inch .o one 1^11' n between these ;lit of for some are again seen : a conglomerate matrix of this is green steatitic angular, and of he third, fourth •e on the north- lerates are seen with the strike, n 'Sir. ]\Iiu'ray's and are similar bed, (C 1, C 2 sets of troughs divided. The quartzose beds ivision. Later feet assigned in ccond and tliird cannot be dis- 5 Interstratified many varieties tical thickness. iulations, whicli n a given lino uencc of these jeir importance I : — ut jiIuDibaginoui, iid six ^viiig tbeie ace, atrcnkcd nud loldinn radiating latli'i' wcuilicring •cgularly through ti to oue inch in rdjthibiiaof (li« REPORT OP MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 19 Their distribution has been sufficiently pointed out in describing the slates C 2 and C 3, which, as before stated, form the rim of the troughs occupied by the higher rocks. It should be mentioned, hoTCver, that^In passing north-ward from the second to the fifth synclinal, in Hastings, the slates and limestones of the sub-U visions C 2— C 5, gradually diminrsh in amount, and only the beds of C 1 are observed in the fifth synclinal. The schistose and plumbaginous limestones of C 5 are characterized by the occurence of the fossil rhizopod described by Dr. Dawson under the name Eozoon Canadense. Unlike the specimens of this fossil found in the Hizoon'-;*!"- crystalline Laurenfan limestones at several localities on the Ottawa, in ''""'' which the calcareous skeleton is generally filled with serpentine or some related silicated mineral, t'lO Eozoon from this region is imbedded in an impure earthy dark gray limostono ,with which and with carbonaceous matter, the cavities in the white calcareous skeleton are filled. Fragments of Eozoon from this sub-division, were first detected by Dr. Dawson from an unknown locality in Madoc, but numerous specimens of the fossil have since been found on the fifteenth lot of the range east of the Hastings road, in Tudor. The specimens from this region like thoso from the Calumet on the Ottawa, are small isolated imbedded masses, unconnected apparently with any continuous reef such as exists at Grenville and the Petite Nation. Specimens of the Eozoon from Tudor and Madoc have been described and figurerth of the groat area of Lower Silurian limestones of the Trenton group, wIk^so limit was deacribeil by Mr. Murray in his Report for 1852-3, wo find isolated, or island-like putohoa of these limoitoues for 20 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Silurian Jimos- some distance northward in the townships of Madoc and Marmora, and often separated by so ae miles of country occupied by the older rocks- One of these patches of limestone, about one mile in length by one-half in breadth, occurs as far north as lots five, six and seven on the line between the townships of Lake and Methuen, ten miles distant from the boundary of the main Silurian area, where it forms a tract of good land known as the Van Senkler setUement. Through Madoc and Mnrmora there occur similar but more extensive areas of these limestones, which are shown on the map accompanying the present Report, and were described by Mr. Murray in his Report already cited. These Silurian islands almost invariably present a precipitous front to the north, the strata dipping at a very slight angle southward, and gradually becoming covered by a deep soil, their ruins stretching far beyond the limit of the limestones themselves, and forming rich and fertile areas™ Throughout Madoo the chief settlements are in the vicinity of these limestone islands, and are often separated from one another by tracts of land, barren and unfit for cultivation. Where these limestone have been denuded, their surface is seen covered by numerous grooves or markings, the general trend of which is from 3" to G° east of north, the same strike being also observed in grooves upon an exposure of red syenite crossing the Hastings road to the north of the village of Madoc. Economic Minerals. Magnotic Iron The economic minerals of the district under examination, as known up to 1866, were the ores of iron, lead, copper and antimony, with whet- stones, lithographic stone, building stones and limestones, to which are now to be added ores of bismuth and silver, and also native gold. Magnetic and Hematitio iron ores.-- -The ores of iron, both magnetic and hematitic, occurring in Hastings county have been mentioned in several of the Annual Reports, as well as in the Geology of Canada, and having been one of the special subjects of Mr. Macfarlane's Report so recently as 1866 I have little to add Jo what has heretofore been said about them.* The' distribution of the ferriferous band, in which all the magnetic ores are contained, is no doubt a matter of economis value, but this, as far as I have been able to trace it, has been given in that part of the Report which is devoted to geological structure, page 160. All that I have to state therefore • In Riving tiio localities ot iron ores m tint report the two following typographical errors •cur; page 100, ath line from thi hottim, '< Ihf ninth lot qf ranye ii>,' should l,o I' tht sixth lot of rang; nine;' : paga 102, ICtli liuo from the bottom, " Mudoc " sboulj bt- ' .\furmora.' ,m.^.--^y^/^ [armora, and older rocks- I by one-half on the line ant from the >f good land )re extensive ipanying the port already ;ipitous front ithward, and retching far h and fertile vicinity of ler by tracts seen covered lich is from in grooves the north of IS known up , with whet- :o which are ;old. lagnctic and in several of having been tly as 1866, ;iem.* The tic ores are iar as I have >rt which is ite therefore tjpogrRphicftl »>,' gliould be Joe " sbould be REPORT OF MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 21 will be little more than a few facts respecting new openings in the Big ore bed of magnetic oxyd on Crow Lake. Although the lower part of this ore bed had been previously tried, little of iioimont. that part had been excavated. In 18G7 a company, composed of gentle- men from the United States, was established for the purpose of working ore from the bed, with a view to its being smelted. After trials of several parts of the band that near the base was found to bo of suitable purity, and during that year 300 men were employed in mining and sorting the ore, of which, towards the end of the season, 150 tons a-duy wore being carried away from the locality by rail, and sliippcd at Cokrarg. A few hundred yards south-east from the main work another excavation was made upon what is called the Sand-pit bod, supposed to be still in the band, from which a purer ore was obtained. The ore from both excavations was sorted into three qualities, of which Nos. 1 and 2 were selected for exporta. tion, while No. 3 was left on the ground for future disposal. In Mr. Macfarlane's Report for 1806 mention is made of the specular ore of iron occurring on the second lot of the fourth range of Elzevir. This deposit was opened during ray stay in Bridgewater in 1867, but the ore was not found to exist in remunerative quantity. Mr. Macfarlano makes mention of the occurrence of hematite in a ploughed field, in and around liematite. a depiession on the east half of the twclftli lot of the fifth lange of Madoc, .Madoc. where ihe appearances were such that, although assured no mining had been done there within the memory of the oldest inha))itant, ho could not resist thinking that the depression Avas all that remained of an open work from which much ore had possibly been raised awd removed. This lot, I understand, is the property of Messrs. T. C. Wallbridge k Brothers ; but Mr. D. L, Cumming informed me that the lot was cleared of its timber by him in 1831, when there were but thirty fimilies in the township. He assured mo also that the depression existed then as it docs now, while the trees of the forest were still growing in and around it ; that he was the first person to see and report the occurrence of this apparently rich deposit of hematite, and that since then eight tons extracted by him, and sent to Three Rivers to bo smelted, was the whole quantity of the ore that had been removed from the place. The ore appears to occur in loose masses, ranging in weight from one to a hundred pounds, and there seem to be no boulders of other rocks mingled with them. I was informed, however, that a largo pair of antlers of some species of deor had been fou- X imbedded in the ferruginous soil. Not only this but other deposits of hematite in Madoo and the neighboring town- ship appear to occur in depressions in the gneiss, filled with loose masses of the ore, the geological horizon of which seems as yet to be very uncertain. Veins of specular hematitic ore are found cutting the chloritio slates of 22 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Calcna. Xudor. t the fer 'i.ferous belt, as along the west side of Belmont Lake, and more particularly on the eighth lot of the fifth concession of Belmont to-wnship. Tae ore in these veins, however, is but of minor importance. Galena. — Most of the localities known as affording galena have been noticed in Mr. Macfarlane's Report for 1866, but during my explorations in Tudor, having visited all the lead-bearing lodes, openings were found to have been made in some of which the localities only had been previously indicated, and one or two were in a better condition for inspection than at the time of Mr. Macfarlane's visit. One of these, on the twenty-eighth lot of range B in Tudor is a vertical vein running N. 70*^ W*., the strata of calc-schist dipping 274° > 76'=. At the time of Mr. ]Macfarlane's visit a shaft, which had been sunk on it to the depth of thirty-seven feet, was half full of water, preventing him from doing more than to state the information he had received from others. In 1867, 1 found that the lode, of which the veinstone is barytes and calc spar, had yielded on the average three quarters of an inch of galena ; but the bottom of the shafL showed no more than half an inch of barytes, without galena. I was informed by Mr. W. Kesterman, of Belleville, then super- intending the mine, that there had been extracted from the vein about six tons of galena, four and a-quarter tons of which were sent to New York for sale, after being simply crushed, and found to yield 66 per cent of lead. On the thirty-first and thirty-second !'>ts of the range east of the Hast- ings road, in Tudor, a load-bearing vein runs in a vertical attitude N. 57'' W., cutting the gray calc-schists with strike N. E. E. In 1867 it had boon traced, iu the direction given, across both the lots mentioned, Avith very good surface indications, and was known as the Murphy mine. The Hastings Lead-mining Company subsctiucntly sunk a shaft on it, which, I understand, has been carried down to a depth of 125 feet, but the result being unsatisfactory, the work was abandoned. On the twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth lots of the fourteenth range of Tudor there is a vein of red and white heavy-spar, holding galena, and cutt- ing the gray calcschists. Its bearing is ly. 5° E., and it stands in a vertical attitude, while the enclosing rock, also vertical, strikes almost due north and south. It was discovered some eight years ago, and was first opened in 1859. In 1867 the mine Avas leased by Messrs. Lombard & Co., of Boston, who were working it at the time of my exploration in Tudor, and I had an opportunity of examining the shaft when free from water. The walls were regular and well defined, the width between them being iu some parts from eighteen inches to two feet, and the ore appeared in scattered and irregular Itunches in the ganguo. When first opened this •The bearings intbuie deacrlptionB are niagnotic, thu variation at Madoc being 5* Weit. iV .*- .- -ke, and more ont township. la have been 7 explorations 3 were found en previously iCtion than at r is a vertical :°>76'^ At sunk on It to ing him from from others, rtes and calc- ' galena ; but 'jtes, ■without ;, then super - e vein about sent to New 66 per cent of the Ilast- attitude N. 3. In 18G7 s mentioned, [urphy mine, ton it, which, ut the result inth range of na, and cutt- in a vo'tical 3t due north first opened rd k Co., of I'udor, and I mter. The !m being in appeared in opened this being 0* West. REPORT OP MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 28 vein yielded some large masses of ore, but, as in a previously mentioned instance, they greatly diminished, descending, and at the bottom of the shaft, which was twenty-five feet deep, there was scarcely any ore. In 1868, at the depth of forty-two feet, the mine was abandoned. It may be remarked that many o*" these veins in Tudor, yielding considerable bunches of ore near the surface, shew httle more than traces of galena at the depth of a few feet. Of twenty-five localities in Tudor in which gal- ena was discovered and partially worked, but one, the Murphy mine, con- tinued to be worked in 1868. The west half of the tenth lot of the eleventh range of Lake is another Lake, of the localities mentioned by Mr. Macfarlane. On this lot, which was some time since bought by Messrs. Gillum & Kesterman of Belleville, occurs the Donahue vein, striking N. 50" W., and standing in a vertical attitude. Little however has here been done, and although the lode has a width in some parts of from twenty to twenty-four inches, bounded by regular walls of gray calc-sf^hist, the galena occurs only in scattered and irregular patches and inconsiderable quantity. On the eighth lot of the eleventh range of Lnke (or possibly in the tenth range) a vertical vein, holding galena in a gangue of heavy-spar, nms through the calc-schists in the direction N. 45°— 50° \V. The lode varies in thickness from ten to eighteen inches, and is boun led by well defined walls. Little had been done on this lot up to 1807, but in the short distance then uncovered, I saw extracted some masses of ore at the depth of three feet from the surface, which weighed from fifteen to forty pounds, and I was informed that when first discovered much larger masses had been taken from the vein. The lode is supposed to be on the property of Mr. Wm. Sweeny of Tudor, but in consequence of t'^e defective manner in which the township has been surveyed there at present exists a dispute as to the ownership of the lot. The lead-bearing veins just noted I believe to be the most important in Tudor and Lake, so far as examined. In these townships there appear to bo two distinct sets of these veins ; one of them running north-west, and the Two^wts ot other north-east by north, those in the former direction being the more numerous. Wlicre such veins cross one another there appears in general a fair show of ore at tlic surlucc, wliich^ l^owovGr, as in other cases, often diminishes at the depth of a lew feet. There occurs a north-west and south-east lode near the south-east corner of Methuen, \\liero, in ISHH, a shaft was being sunk by Messrs. Tarko- & Mctuucn, Daker. On this lode two or more shafts have been opened on the eastern edge of tlie second lot of the first range, close to the boundary line of Lake. The lode cuts gray vertical calc-schist, striking N. 20'^' E., and is composed of calcspar and heavy spar, the former being of a rose or ficsh-red color, in li ^a i ii lM t 'MiM H ii l ll www. 24 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, Elzevir. which there i.i a good shew of galena. The average width of the lode is about eighteen inches, and it has been traced in a south-easterly direction for nearly three miles into Marmora. All of the lodes above mentioned, as well as all those noticed by Mr. Macfarlane in his Report of 1866, intersect the calc-schists(C 5) ; but it is not to be supposed that this is the only rock in which they occur, as it has been shewn that in parts of the country to the east, lead veins parallel to those of Hastings, and no doubt of the same system, cut not only the gneisses and crystalline hraestones corresponding to division A (as for example the Frontenac mine described below,) but run up into the uncon- formable Lower Silurian, as far at least as the Calciferous formation. It is not surprising, therefore, to find on tlie eighteenth lot of the first range of Elzevir a lead-bearing lode running N. E., and intersecting the diorites of the middle division (B). The ganguo of this lode consists of quartz, which, in a breadth of three feet, exposed in an opening which had been made, appeared to be much mixed with fragments of wall rock. The galena is scattered through the gangue in small, irregular but somewhat abundant bunches, in which the crystals are smaller than is usual in the lodes of other parts of the district. At the time of my visit, which was not long after the discovery of the lode, but a small quantity of ore had been taken out. On the authority of assays made by Dr. Girdwood of Montreal, and INIr. J. T. Bell of Belleville, the galena is said to hold a considerable but variable quantity of silver. Frontenac Lead 3Iine.~In connection with my examinations of the lead deposits of the Hastings region I visited the Frontenac mine in the rear of Kingston. The mine is situated on the south half of lot sixteen in the Loughborough, ninth concession of Loughborough. The rock of the country consists of grayish and reddish gneiss, interstratified with thick bands of crystalline limestone, all striking N. N. E. and S. S. W. , and dipping to the westward at a high angle. The vein cuts these various bands at right angles, having a course about N. 75° W., or N. 70^ W. (mag). The portion worked ha^ a slight underlie to the north, at the surface, but becomes vertical at a depth of sixty feet in the main shaft. From this shaft an adit has been run about 400 feet west and 50 feet east. The average width of the vein appears to be about ton feet, although at the main shaft it varies from thirteen to nineteen feet. Tiic veinstone, which consists of calcspar only, is arranged in bands, more or less coarsely crystalline, and sometimes of a purplish or lilac color, '''ho only other minerals observed were very small quantities of iron and copper pyrites and blonde. ^ The galena is diffused in crystals and bunches throughout the whole vein, but appears to bo most abundant towards the north wall. It Frontoiyjc Luatl luiiic REPORT OF MR. HENRY Q. VENNOR. 25 of the lode is rly direction ced by Mr. 5) ; but it is occur, as it eins parallel not only the 1 A (as for ;o the uncon- ation. It is rst range of the diorites ;s of quartz, which had i" wall rock, regular but mailer than d the time e lode, but luJiority of T. Bell of e quantity of s of the lead ti the rear of xteen in the ' consists of i" crystalline westward at 33, having a )rked has a 1 at a depth and 50 feet et, although ) veinstone, 3SS coarsely only other pyrites and )ughout the ;h wall. It also appeared to have a disposition to run in shoots, having a western slope of about 45°. Between one and two thousand tons of ore had been mined. This had been sampled and portions of it assayed mechanically by Dr. Dawson, Professor Chapman and others, the mean of whose results gave from 12 to 15 per cent, of galena. A crushing mill, with wasliing machi- nery, and a smelting furnace have been erected. A quantity of the undressed ore has been crushed in this mill, and about five per cent, cf galena obtained from the whole, but the work appears to have been very imperfectly performed. The pig lead ;"oduced is of an excellent quaUty. Professor Chapman's assays shew that it contains an average of about four ounces of silver to the ton of galera. The vein may be traced by a series of dry depressions in the surface, or sink-holes, almost continuously for a distance of one mile to the eastward, the breadth somewhat dimhushing, but the vein has still the san^e characters, and is in seme parts rich in galena. On the eighteenth lot in the eighth concession a second vein runs parallel to the first, at a distance of about one hundred yards to the north of it. This second vein appears to be from three to six feet in width, and shews galena wherever it has been opened. It carries also a little barytes, which has not been found in the main vein. Smaller parallel lead-bearing veins have been discovered on the adjoining lots to i:he north. The main vein is reported to have been met with (pHU carrying galena) on one of the lots west of that on which it is worked. Gol'1. — In the early part of August, 1866, while exploring in the neigh- borhood of Bannockburn village, in the township of Madoc, I was informed that a metal, suspected to be gold, had just been taken from an opening in ooIq, the eighteenth lot of the fifth mnore of the township,on the property of Mr. J. Richardson. A visit was at once made to the locality, and the lot was found to be the same as that on which openings had previously been made for copper ore, described in Mr. Macfarlane's Report of 1866, (p. 106.) Mr. Richardson informed me that a person named Powell, and an old Dutch miner, had lately found flakes of yellow metal resembling copper, which he could beat out into thin leaves. At ray request he shewed n: • the specimens which he had collected, and I at once informed him that the metal was gold. The opening from which it had been taken was on the east end of tlu lot, the copper veins being near the south-west corner; and in it an irregu- lar l.nyer of chloritic and cpidotic gneiss was overlaid by a silicious ferruginous dolomite, and underlaid by a band resembling an impure steatite, the whole dipping N. 5° E. < 45°. The scat of the gold appeared to be a crevice of ^longitudinal ovoid form, about four feet below the surface, which was filled with reddish-brown ferruginous earth, in which were scattered K.,,*t,»**»«!S9PraK«™r»« 26 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Richardson mine. fragments of a black carbonaceous rxicrtter, the latter shewing, when broken, gmall flakes or scales of the metal. The crevice seemed to be in the schist, at its junction with the dolomite, and presented an attitude conformable with the stratification. This I believe to have been the earliest discovery of the metal, and samples were procu'ed and sent to the Geological Survey office long before any reports were generally circulated as to its existence in the township. Having remained in the vicinity of the opening for a few days while some fresh blasts were made, and seeing no farther develop- ment of the precious metal, my general exploration was continued. Early in October, however, information was brought to me that farther discoveries of gold had been made on the Richardson lot, and returning, I found that at the depth of fifteen feet anoiiier open crevice had been struck which, beyond doubt, had proved rich in the metal. By permission of Mr. Richardson I examined the opening, und took such samples for assay as were thought proper. The shaft, to the depth of fifteen feet, with a trans- verse meas are of about seven feet, had been sunk the whole way on the slope of the strata, which Avero of the same character as those already des- cribed. The chloritic and epidotic gneiss appeared to be much intermingled with calcgpar and bitter-spar, which ran in short lenticular interlocking patches, each an inch or so thick, in a total width of about eighteen inches at right angles to the stro-tification, and in place of them there were occa- sionally small openings partially filled with the ferruginous earth, in several of which gold was detected. The opening at the bottom, which was of a nearly circular shape on the plane of the bed, and about eighteen inches across the stratification, appeared to include the whole thickness of the band holding the smaller dolomitic patches and cavities above. It was par- tially filled with the same brown ferrugin as earth as before mentioned, with which black carbonaceous matter was much intermingled. In some parts of the opening this black substance appeared to adhere to the chloritic schist, and in others to the dolomite. From this opening* I extracted about three pints (by measure) of the ferruginous carbonaceous earth, and the following were the results of some very rude experiments tried on the spot. Taking a pint of the earth, just as it came from the opening, it was reduced by washing to one-half its bulk, and when dry the residue was pulverized. Spreading the latter in a shallow tray the lighter substnces were removed by continued shaking and gentle blowing, and there remained a dark colored gold dust, in which were a few angular fragments weighing from one to three-and-a- half grains each. The whole of this dust weighed fifteen pennyweights ; but there can be little doubt that by the rough method used a considerable amount must have been lost. In a second experiment t\\;p-and-a-half * Now known as thu Phoenix Mine, 1370. id' REPORT OP MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 27 en broken, the schist, )nfoi'mable scovery of !al Survey 1 existence ^ for a few r develop- 1. lat farther ^turning, I !en struckj ion of Mr. r assay as th a trans- ay on the ready des- ;eriningled terlocking 3en inches ivere oeca- in several ich was of 3en inches jss of the t was par- Qcntioned, In some ire to the ire) of the ts of some iarth, just le-half its the latter continued gold dust, rce-and-a- ^weights ; nsidcrable and-a-half pints gathered by me, yielded, by a rude washing and amalgamation, twenty-six pennyweightsof pure gold. Rough as these experiments were, they aflforded sufficient proof of the unusual richness of the deposit. At this time no trace of the metal was observed in the enclosing rock, bat sho^-tly afterwards some very beautiful and rich specimens from the same opening were shewn me, in which the gold was enclosed in the dolomite and calcspar. Shortly after the examination just alluded to, in consequence of disputes connected Avith the mine, the shaft was closed up, and no farther examin- ation was permitted. On the arrival, however, of Mr. Michel on behalf of the Geological Survey, some weeks later, he with difficulty obtained a hur- ried view of the opening, and the results of his observations subsequently appeared in a Report addressed to you on the 29th January, 1867. The seat of the gold in the Richardson Mine does not appear to me to be a true vein, but simply a series of crevices or openings in a gold- bearing bed, formed of chloritic and epidotic gneiss holding patches of dolo- mite and caiuspar, the openings being nothing more than such as are so often met with in the dolomites and calc-schists of this region as almost to entitle them '-.o the aprellation of cavernous. Thinking it therefore possible that the gold of the Riv^hardson Mine might be confined to a special horizon, I proceeded to trace out the rocks at the junction of which it occurs on the Richardson lot, and it may now be stated that some recent and reliable discoveries made during the season of 1868 seem to make this conjecture probable. The rocks of the Richardson lot are exactly similar to those which have been described as running though the farms of O'Hara and McKenzie in the fifth range of Madoc, which are, however, on the opposite side of an anticlinal, and tho seat of the gold seems to be at the junction of the mica-slates (C 2) and the dolomites (C 1) of the section there des- cribed. This position would be at no great distance above the ferri- ferous band, and the course of that band, a'- already given, may thus become a guide not only in the search for iron, but for that of ,'^old also. In Elzevir, IMadoc, Marmora, Lake and Tudor the number of localities in which openings have been male in tlie rock by prospectors in search of gold are too numerous to be mentioned. It would, perhaps, be too much Trials for gold, to say that every lot had been tried, but it appears to me that the exr-^p. tions, particularly in Marmora and Madoc, cannot bo very many, .^f these localities I may say that I have visited all in which gold was reported to have been found, particularly when it was understood that an excava- tion of some depth had been made, and tho work was still in progress. In some cases admission to the excavation was refused to me, and in others, in consequence of disputes in regard to ownership, excavations have been ; «^ m GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. localities 0* gold. filled up to prevent access by the public. A large number of specimens, however, have been brought to the Survey office for analysis, but all those localities in which, up to the present time, the occurrence of gold has been verified, appear to have the same relation to the ferriferous belt, and to be geologically above it, but never at a great distance. The localities on which I would rely as supporting this view are included in the following list, in allof y/nichthe occurrence of gold, in greater or less quantity, has been verified : Marmora, range IX lot 6 Gold in quartz holding iron pyrites and mispickel, and ■ ■•" ' 'n a silicious dolomite, sometimes in Hurgerford, range : It (( , .b. r,e.»ce «'«•■<;•.-•';«» ^^Z Mr. Michel and Prof. Jas.J^ Bel^' :- ^ ^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^ ^ ^^ ^,^^^.,^ ^^^^^ „., ^^t 15 1. Madoc, 2. 3. " 4. 6. Range IV.: ■• v., " v., " v.. " v., " v., ■' v., •• V!., " VI., Range VI., lot 29. *' VI. » " "0* •' VII., " 18- 1 10. Madoc, ..11. " 24. 12. " , V-nV " 10 27. 13. Marmora, " ;1"', V 28. 14. " ", V' - S .30. 10. Kizcvir.E. ' 1,. „ 10. 16. 17. " " "■> ^^ 17. I 1»' 10. Hungcrfd, 21. 22. 23. 24. 26. III., X., i., XI., XII., Xll., XIV., 9. 19. 20. 19. 23. 24. 30 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA Dr. llunt'i assay::. 1. JIadoc, range v. lot v., K II II II v., v., v., VII., 0. II XL, 10. Marmorn, I.. 11. II III., 12. II v., 13. II VI., 2.— Dolomite adjoining the veins at the Empire mine, a3 free as possible from sulphurets. Trace of gold, not more than 1 dwt. per ton. 2.— The ore from the Empire Mine was an antimonial gray copper (fahlerz), associated with some crys- tals of mlspickel, iron pyrites, and a little galena. The washed and dressed ore gave to analysis, . besides copper, antimony and sulphur, small | amounts of arsenic, iron, zinc, lead and silver ! with a portion C gold. 53 ounces from the , vein, gave by cm ing and washing 6j ounces ■ equal tol3 per c< u of ore, still containing about j one-fourth its wcuht of sparry matter. The assay yielded a button of silver rich in gold, amounting, for tlio ton of 2,000 pounds of dressed ore, to— 9'72 ounces o*" gold $206.50 1?0'74 " " silver 155.70 $362.20 Making allowance for the proportion of ganguc, equal to one-fourth, still remaining in the dressed ore, we have for the pure ore a value of $482.93. A trial of selected fragments from the same mine, in which the amount of sparry matter was not deturmined, gave as follows for 2,000 pounds:— 43 ounces of gold $ 90.46 57 1-G " " silver 73,74 $170,20 (I i7,_.Spftrling's mine, Eldorado, dolomite; said to have yielded $53 gold per ton. No trace of gold. " i8._Riclmrdson mint', from shaft. No trace of gold. " 18.— Richardson mine, gray silicious dolomite, with some diss-^minatcd pyrites. A trace of gold. (. 18 —Richardson mine, ferruginous earth from cavities in the rock, yielded by amalgamation, from a trace of gold, up to qJ380 per ton. (See page 166.) " 17.-Maaoc Mining Co., a fme-grained, bluish dolomite, said to have yielded 13 oz. 10 dwt. of golJ per ton. It gave,' on assay, only a trace ..? gold. .1 16 —Shaft; quartz from a vein, with iron ochre. Trace of gold. « 16.-Samo shaft; quart/,, will uchie. No trace of gol'l. " 30,— Shaft ; quartz, with black tourmaline. No trace of gold. .' 16.— Shaft i micaceous dolomite with thin quart/, suuuis. Trace of gold. «< l7._Shafl; John'i mine; vitreous quartz, witii somo pyrites and native copper. No trace of gold. II 18.— Shall; quart/, with l)luish tourmaline, calcit.', and gome ochreuus matter, in greenstone. No trace of gold. 14. Marmora, rai 15. Belmont, 16. Lake, 17. " 19. Elzevir, In the assi dwt. to the t Bismuth.- Tudor has b( of Hastings, thirtl range ( and an over five degrees size, some til dipping at a vitreous qu£ bismuth, wl of metallic bismuth, s( valuable oi gang'ie, w masses of r tratc the replaced b crystals ot Iron pyritt the calcarc these noti( for goltl a vein was c mmIim T**"*^ REPORT OF MR. HENRY G. VENNOR. 81 3mpire mine, race of gold, I nntimonial h some crys- littlo galena, to analysis, pliur, small i and silver les from the g 6J ounces taining about •. The assay , amounting, d ore, to — 206.50 155.70 362.20 n of gangue, n tlie dressed .e of $482.93. ao same mine, liter was not pounds: — ) 96.46 73.74 ;i70.20 said to have 1 of gold. ;o of gold, lite, Willi some jld. om cavities in , from a trace lage 166.) uish dolomite, :t. of gold per ICO > •' gold, ochre. Trace ) trace of gol'l. I. No truce of 1 (luarlz seams. tx, Willi Bomo ce of gold. e, calciti', and lie. No Irnco of U. Marmora, range IX., lot 15. Belmont, 16. Lake, 17. " 18. " 19. Elzevir, II., III., III., III., IV., 7 -Shaft at Berry's mill, sixty feet deep, on a vem four feet wide ; gungue, quarU with mispickel, pyrilef and free gold. Yielded me, by fire assay, 4 dwt. 3 gr. per ton. A specimen, in which gold was visible, yielded as high as 9 dwt. to the 2,000 lb=. " 18 -Specimen from shore of Belmont Lake; a reddish- weathering mica slate, with ferruginous quart, seams. No trace of gold. " 12.-Shaft; vein of quartz. A trace of gold. « 12.-Ea3t vein ; concentr.aled sulphucets, roasted, yielded a little over $7 per ton. " 13 —Dolomite, and Deer River. A trace of gold. lot3 2,3".-Aulimouial gray copper ore, in a calcareous gangue, A trace of gold. In the assays 10, 18, 19, the amount of gold in no case exce.9dod one 'll'l'^The occurrenco of carbonate ofbistnuth in the township of i—. Tud r has been alluded to by Dr. Hunt in his Report on the gold regio. of Hastings, in 1867, (page G). It was found on lot thirty-four of the thi d n^c of Tudor in a vein cutting the hornblend.c rocks of division B, and an overlying magnesian limestone, the dip of which was about forty- five d grees'to the ^orth of west. The vein, which is very irregular n L sometimes attains a breadth of ^wo feet or more, and runs north^we t, Z^i Tat a high angle to the south-westward. The veu.tone was cluefiy Ton,rsauartz carrying near the surface small masses of carbonate oi smu" S, llor d:wn, were replaced by the sulphuret, .vith traces oT llic bimuth. Fine crystalline specimens of f-.-lP^-f . birth, several ounces in weight, were sometimes me widi ; but this valu e ore was sparsely and irregularly dissemmated m the cjuai-tzo . Ian 10, .hich also enclosed irregtilar layers of impure graphite, a.id tai of radiated black tourmaline, which were sometimes found to pen ■ Ta th bismuth ore. In sinking, the