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THE NEW ROUTE 
 
 TO 
 
 AUSTRALIA. 
 
 REPRINTED FROM 
 
 Mt iittUiSi 
 
 OF TUESDAY, MAY 16, 1893. 
 
 LONDON t 
 PRINTED AND PUBLISBED BY GEORGE EDWARD WRIGHT THE 
 TIMES OFFICE, PRINTING-HOUSE-SQUARE, LONDON.] 
 
nf3 
 
 B2H10 
 
THE NEW ROUTE TO AUSTRALIA. 
 
 ■</ 
 
 (from a coruespondent.) 
 
 At a time when the subjects of Empire and of 
 Imperial federation are so* prominently before the public 
 mind, the establishment of the ** missing link " between 
 Canada and Australia, and tlie consequent opening up 
 of a new route, via Canada, between the mother country 
 and her colonies at the antipodes, must be regarded as a 
 matter of very considerable interest, and one that must 
 lead to developments of great importance in the future. 
 The scheme is distinctly a development of Australian 
 enterprise, the prime riovers in it being the New Zealand 
 and Australian Steamship Company, formed last year, 
 and its general managers, Messrs. Huddart, Parker, and 
 Co, an old-established Australian shipping firm, with the 
 head-quarters at Sydney. The primary object in view, 
 as already briefly indicated in The Times, is to establish a 
 regular service of steamers between Australian ports and 
 Vancouver. In other words, it will do for Australia what 
 the Canadian Pacific Railway has already so successfully 
 done for Japan and China, by offering an alternative route, 
 which would not only be invaluable incase of war— inasmuch 
 as troops, travellers, or goods would practically never leave 
 British territory— but would also be inviting at all times 
 to those who are not favourably inclined towards the 
 heat of the Red Sea. It cannot bo doubted that the 
 opportunity to exchange both that heat and the monotony 
 of a prolonged sea voyage, via the Suez Canal, for .a com- 
 fortable rftiiway journey across Canada, with all its magnifi- 
 
cent scenery, and the opportunity to break one's journey at 
 any point ono pleases, will be eagerly embraced by a large 
 number of travellers, and the prospects of the new venture, 
 as regards passengers at least, seem already to be well 
 assured, even though, at present, there is no suggestion 
 of competing with other routes in the matter of a saving 
 of time. The Canadian Pacific Railway Company have 
 naturally entered into the project with great heartiness, 
 foreseeing, as they do, the possibilities of a great in- 
 crease in the traffic along their lines. The question 
 of goods traffic is at the present moment more uncertain; 
 but it is remembered that when the Pacific boats from 
 Canada to Yokohama began to run everything then was 
 equally uncertain in ^regard to freight, while now they get 
 almost as much as they can carry. Certain it is that the 
 Canadians believe they will bo able to develop an im- 
 portant trade with the Australian colonies by means of 
 this direct service, and the Australians entertain similar 
 hopes as regards Canada. Hitherto what trade they have 
 done has been carried on mainly via San Francisco, but this 
 has been of small account. The direct service, however, 
 will bring about a complete revolution in the relationship 
 of the sister colonies, and already the Canadian 
 (iovernment are disseminating information as to the 
 class of goods which would be most likely to find a 
 market in Australia. It is believed that in the matter of 
 Canadian exports there would more especially be an open- 
 ing in Australia for agricultural implements, machinery, 
 and soft timber. It is believed, also, that Australia will be 
 able to open up a much better market with Canada in re- 
 gard to wool, and might, too, send there large supplies 
 of fruit and more especially of meat. On this point 
 Mr. D. E. Brown, who has been commissioned by the 
 Canadian Pacific Railway Company to make a tour of 
 inquiry through the Australian colonies and establish 
 agencies at Auckland, Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, and 
 
5 
 
 Brisbane, recently Raid to a representative of tho Melbourne 
 
 Argns : — 
 
 Britinh Columbia, where' I have lived for the past six years, 
 raises no sheep, aud uot within 50 per cent, of the beef required for 
 its own consumption. The mutton consumed is almost exclusively 
 brought in from the States of Washington aud Oregon, imme- 
 diately south of us. Too consumer has to pay 8d. and 9d. per 
 pound for mutton deciiledly inferior to yours. There is no reason 
 why Australian aud New Zealand mutton, which I understand can bo 
 produced here for l^d. a pound in large quantities, could not be 
 laid down there, with freight, insurance, aud all other charges paid, 
 at about 4d. per pound, and used to the total cxclusioa of the in- 
 ferior article from the United .States. Whilst the interchange of 
 our products might not at flrst be very large, it would not take long, 
 with the conditions of the two countries as they arc, to work up a 
 large trade which would prove of great mutual benefit. 
 
 Apart from these material considerations tliero is the 
 probability that tho new service would be the moans of 
 establishing a much closer bond between Australia and 
 Canada than has ever existed before, and would aft'ord a 
 much greater prospect of a real federation than could be 
 expected to result from appeals or arguments based on the 
 claims of kinship alone. Hitherto direct relations between 
 these two parts of the Empire have been practically non- 
 existent, as they have been very little in touch with one 
 another, if at all ; but the consequences, from an Imperial 
 point of view, of tho link now about to be established 
 between them can hardly fai) to confer invaluable benefits 
 on all concerned. 
 
 To come down to details, it may be added that the two 
 steamers, the Miowera and tlic Warinioo, with which the 
 monthly service is to bo conducted — to begin witli, at least 
 — were built towards the end of last year by Messrs. C. S. 
 Swan and Hunter at Nevvcastle-on-Tyne, and claim to be 
 the fastest colonial steamships at present in Australian 
 waters. Thoy developed IG^ knots on their trial, and are to 
 average 14 knots acrogs the Pacific. The duration of a 
 
6 
 journoy to Sydney by tho new route will be— from Liver- 
 pool to Now York and Montreal, six days (or one couldy 
 of coarse, travel direct to Montreal) ; from Montreal to Van- 
 couvor, 6i days ; Vancouver to Sydney (calling at the 
 Sandwich Islands and Brisbane), 21 days ; or a total 
 of 33^ days. From Sydney tho traveller could transship 
 to any of the Australian ports. Facilities of every kind 
 are to be offered to tourists who will be able to make 
 tho tour of tho world by way of Australia instead of 
 China and Japan, as at present— an alternative which, it is 
 believed, many of them would gladly embrace. The Canadian 
 Government have given practical encouragement to the 
 scheme by promising a subsidy of £25,000 a year, and it 
 has been hoped that the various Australian Governments 
 would, between them, give another £20,000 ; but this point, 
 in view of tho present condition of Australian finances, is 
 somewhat doubtful. The High Commissioner for Canada, 
 Sir Charles Tupper, who is taking an active share in tho 
 promotion of the whole scheme, has, however, applied, 
 through the Colonial Office, that the steamers shall be put 
 on the Admiralty list as available for the purposes of war 
 cruisers •whenever required by her Majesty's Govern- 
 ment, and so become qualified for the usual Imperial 
 subvention. The plans having been submitted to the Ad- 
 miralty, and one of the vessels inspected by the 
 Director of Naval Construction, it is not thought probable 
 that tho Admiralty will raise any objection, more especially 
 as the advantages, from the point of view of national and 
 Imperial defence, of our having on the Pacific a larger 
 number than at present of swift steamers available for war 
 purposes at almost a moment's notice are self-evident. 
 The vessels on the Vancouver and Japan route are 
 subsidized to the extent of £60,000 a year, of which sum 
 the Imperial Government pays three-fourths, and the 
 Canadian Government one-fourth ; but the reasons adduced 
 in favour of this subvention apply, if possible, with evep 
 
8^M5o 
 
 greater force in favour of similar support being given to 
 the new route to Australia. There is, indeed, reason 
 to hope that the matter will be favourably considered ; 
 but, even if Sir Charles Tupper's request' were refused, 
 the promoters of the scheme are so much in earnest that 
 they are firmly resolved to persevere with it in any 
 case. It is further hoped that, in course of time, a 
 regular mail service will be established by the now route. 
 It is already regarded as certain that mails from 
 Australia, at least, will be sent vid Canada. But, whatever 
 the future may bring forth, the scheme has already so far ad- 
 vanced that the new service is to commence on May 18, while 
 private advices from Sydney state that the promoters already 
 feel fully assured of the success that lies before them. 
 
 r I 
 
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