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 i,^ 1^' LOWER CANADA 
 
 f 
 
 ^ 
 
 II 
 
 AGRICULTURAL SOCIETT. 
 
 Incorporated by Act of tliP Provincial Parliament, 
 
 JULY, 1847. 
 
 f^ 
 
 /^ 
 
 MONTREAL : 
 
 LOVELL AND OIRSON, I'UINTEKS, ST. NICHOLAS STREET. 
 
 1H47. 
 
!♦ o'canada""'^' B,bl,olh6que rationale 
 " oii^anada du Ciinada 
 
 lo\5S :><^2 \^^-7 ^.7 Kr-;,r. 
 
 
 •*^ 
 
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 J I 
 
 LOWER CANADA 
 
 AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
 
 |)atrau. 
 
 II£S EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOU GENERA!^ 
 
 Urrs'tlfcnt. 
 
 Majuk Camtbell, St. Hilaire, 
 
 Witt l^teiiHenti, 
 
 lion. Sir James Stuart, Chief Justice, 
 
 Quebec. 
 lion. VVni. Morris, Montreal. 
 Hon. P. B.De Boucherville, Boucher' 
 
 ville. 
 
 lion, L. II. La Fontaine, M. P. P. 
 
 Montreal. 
 Hon. A. N. Morin, M. P. P., Montreal. 
 G U.S. DeBcaujeu, Esq, Coteau du 
 
 Lac. 
 
 Cauutil. 
 
 Hon. B. Joliettc Village tT Industrie. 
 
 Hon. P. II. Knowlton, Broome. 
 
 Hon. F. P. Bruneau, Montarville. 
 
 Hon. Adam Fcrrie, Montreal. 
 
 Hon. Robt. llarwood, Vaudreuil. 
 
 Hon. Francis Hincks, Montreal. 
 
 Hon. Commissioner Casgrain, Mon- 
 treal. 
 
 D. M. Armstrong, Esq., M. P. P., Ber- 
 thier. 
 
 Tlios. BoutiUier, Esq., M. P. P., Stc. 
 Ilyacinthe. 
 
 L. Lacoste, Esq., M.P.P., Boucherville. 
 
 Malcolm Camiron, Esq., M. P. P., 
 Port Saritia. 
 
 L. T Urumniond, Esq., M. P. P., Mon- 
 treal. 
 
 Hon. Thomas C. Aylwin, M. P. P., 
 Quebec. 
 
 B. H. LeMoino, Esq., M. P. P., Mon- 
 treal. 
 
 A. Jobin, Esq., M. P. P., St. Gene- 
 vieve. 
 
 Jacob De Witt, Esq., M.P.P., Montreal. 
 \ II. N. Watts, Esq , M. P. P., Drum- 
 mondcille. 
 
 A. P. Methof,Esq.,M. P. P., Nicoht. 
 
 Jacques P. Lantier, Esq , M. P. P., St. 
 Pohjcarpe. 
 
 Duncan Finlayson, Esq , Lachine. 
 
 Col. Tache, D. A. (i , Montreal. 
 
 F, A. Lallocquc, Esq., Montreal. 
 
 John Yule, Esq., Chambly. 
 
 Captain John Clari?, Long Point. 
 
 A. Newman, Esq., Lachine. 
 
 Pierre J. O. Cbauveau, Esq., M. P. P., 
 Quebec. 
 
 WM. EVANS, Secrctaru. ' 
 
 / 
 
PIUMAUY OBJECTS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 LOWER CANADA AGRICULTURAL SOCFETV. 
 
 FiKST OaiKCT.-To promote the interest of all classes dopon- 
 Ucnt on agriculturc-by improving tl.c state of cultivated land 
 gcnerally-by Letter draining-by more judicious cultivation and 
 manuring of tho soil, for whatever crop-by encouraging the 
 cultivation oS such ncwplants asitmay be considered advantageous 
 to introduce-by encouraging the selection a»d impvovemc^it of 
 suitable breeds of neat cattle, and sheep, and good pasturing for 
 their keep, ao that they may yield large and profitable ret.irns to 
 the farmer, in beef, mutton, wool, and dairy produce. To encoura-e 
 domestic manufactures, and useful inventions applicable to agri- 
 culture, and to the domestic purposes of tho agriculturists 
 
 Second Object.-To establish an Agricultural Museiim, for 
 the exhibition and encouragement of the newest and most 
 suitable implements of husbandry, and collections of seeds roots 
 grasses, &c,, similar (o those established in many mrts of the 
 British Isles. 
 
 Third Object.-To encourage the establishment of one or 
 more Agricultural Libraries-to diffuse sound and useful knowledge 
 on all subjects connected with agriculture and husbandry, in all 
 their branches, through the medium of a cheap and judiciously 
 arranged Journal, and periodical publications. 
 
 Fourth OBJECT.-TheestablishmentofanAgricultural College 
 for the education and instruction of the t\irming classes, asnearly 
 snnilar to those established in England, as circu.ustunces will 
 
admit. And if unable to accomplish this object inunediatcly— to 
 endeavour to procure the establishment of one or more Agricultu- 
 ral Schools, with Model Farms attached, where young men and 
 boys may be brought uj) in the science and practice of agricul- 
 ture, cxiteriments tested in draining, manuring, modes of cultiva- 
 tion of various crops, breeding and feeding of farm stock, and the 
 management of the dairy. All to be under such judicious super- 
 intendence us will, be likely to defray the expenses of the cstal)- 
 lishments. 
 
 Fifth Object. — To maintain a good understanding with all 
 the County Agricultural Societies — having only the same object 
 in view — the general good — and reciprocally offer to, and receive 
 from other Societies, any suggestions or interesting information 
 that may advance the object which all connected with Agricul- 
 tural Societies assume to have in view. 
 
 SiXTir Object. — To obtain correct statistical information rela- 
 tive to the agriculture of Lower Canada, and the persons engaged 
 therein ; and generally to do all such things as may be legiti- 
 mately and fairly adapted to improve the agriculture of Lower 
 Canada, and to raise the position and character of the person?; 
 engaged therein. 
 
[ 
 
 I'' 
 
 IWLES AND REGULATIONS. 
 
 l.TUai the Soolely sl.all l.c .rovorno.l l.v a President sh V.Vn 
 Ii-cs,dents and a Council of i.ve„tv-slx Mon.bers. ' ^'" 
 
 , i-'iiLLioi8, lor tlie next cnsu n? vear- mwl cJ.nii i. 
 full am orijy ,., .™,,ac, „n .„„ w.-,.,s o^f C's,. tov " ''"™ 
 
 4. rii.il the Directors so elected tl.) it il.nl, n. , .'• 
 soon,. p„..iMe, elect lr.m ^ZgZ^^^Z:^' ^ "' 
 Vice Presidents, a,„l a Secretary " H-s,de„t, sa 
 
 if ~"" S'T 'T" ''"■".0°-'->.v-Moe.i„ss,„„d oftener 
 II iititssai}. And at such meet n"-s imi .,n ..ii nr .. 
 
 tl.o Society, the Preside.,,, or oZ^I^ ^^:'^^J^:::"'^ »f 
 preside. Tliat at the Ouarterlv M„„,- "eMiIcMs, shall 
 
 transacting tl.c business^: ^^^e"'^^^ T, "n""^" ''' 
 including the Presldout or one of 1 e V kc esid " , '"'''''"'^ 
 to form a Quonm. iesidents, be present 
 
 6 That the Directors shall have f.dl power to fill anv v..n 
 i^f ^ n.ay exist, or may happen among^he Offie ;« n/ . T'^ 
 between the Annual (Jonproi v} *• / v/jncer& oi Directors 
 
 appointing stteroffieer Ofcr '""' ""'"' "^ '^'""•"« ""1 
 M.ch DireLr orDi ect„rrfrrro,rtI'™™f "'?«"-' »"1 
 7. That the Directors sit ',7 ,', ^ 'ta^M, '''"''"*'>- 
 authority to call a Special General Me " "of , """f """ 
 the Society, by advertisement inserted Tnl,/ ™''™ <"■ 
 
 lished in the English languor 4d in ,1^ "'"«"■■■ 1™"^ 
 in the French hrngua»e Mhi^ilr^ ""''Wor published 
 11.0 objects of s..clf Ltt-X ZtZ'pjf ^"''^' ^'"""S 
 Viee Presidents shall preside at el f'"""'™'' o' »"« of the 
 member, shall form a'Zl "* "'°°""«' •■" ""i^'' «% 
 
 8. That the Directors mav from f imo *« *• 
 laws as they shall --eem bek Ipt'^^I^rnr riSLf ^f 
 
ilio SociiMy, and llic (thject f.)r wliiili it is osliihiisiu'd ; anil to 
 Huhniit till' n^-Iaws so IVaniod to an Annual or Special (Jencral 
 M('etin<,' of the nuMnhors of the Society, liy whom the same may 
 ho alioweil, disallowed, or amended at such ^'cneral meetinfj. 
 
 0. 'riial, in order to form a comnnniication with every section 
 and i>arisli of I^owcr Canada, the cicrffy of all denominations he 
 elected Honorary .Mend)ers of theS;)eiety, and he resi)ectfnlly in- 
 vited to eo-oj)erate with them in circulating' useful instruction and 
 su;r;;estions ainon;; the rural population, and in oljtaining correct 
 statistics of the stale of Ajrriculture, its products, I'Cc. 
 
 10. 'I'hat 'he Directors shall tdect from amonfr<hemselves three 
 mcndjcrs to act asa.lonrnalCommittce; and toattendlothe corres- 
 pondence of the Society, and also an Kilitor, who shall manage 
 and snperinlend the i)ul)lishinp: the Journal of the Society, and no 
 matter for the Journal shall he j)uhllslied, until ajjproved of hy 
 the said (.'onnnittee, and all jiolitical snhjccts shall be strictly ex- 
 cluded from the columns of the Journal. 
 
 11. That the Directors elect from among themselves three mem- 
 bers to act as a I'inancc Committee. 
 
 12. That it is a Fundamental Rule of the Societ)-, that no ques- 
 tion shall he discussed at any ()f the meetings, of a political 
 tendency, or which shall refer to any matter to be br(,.ight for- 
 Avard, or pending in cither House of the Provincial Legislature. 
 
 13. That the I'residcnt do go out annually, and be ineligible to 
 be re-elected for one year. 
 
 14; That no General Rule of the S- ^ty be henceforth rescin- 
 ded, suspended, oraltcrcd, except at a Joneral or Special Meeting 
 of the Societ}', and then only upon the recommendation of a 
 meeting of the Directors, to be licld one nioUvL at least before 
 the said (Jcueral or Special Meeting, and promulgated by j)ublic 
 notice to the members of the Society, one fortnight previously. 
 
 15. That every mtmbcr of the " Lower Canada Agricultural 
 Society" be invited to promote the objects of its institution, by 
 interesting communications — or by delivering Lectures on rural 
 industry; and persons residing in any part of iJritish America, in 
 the Mother Country, or in the neighbouring States, who may have, 
 by their writings or contributions j)romoted any of the objects 
 of this Society, may he proposed as Honorary Mcmbefs, and shall 
 be eligible to be elected by ballot, at the Quarterly Meetings of 
 iliC Couiicil. 
 
M 
 
 ADDIUiSS TO 'I'HE I'UULIC. 
 
 h 
 
 h; the forcRomg report, the objects for which the Low.r Cmuula Ajrricultur,,! 
 fc.oc.ety has been or^tmb.vd, are plnlnly set forth, a.i,l submitted to the 
 Cana,l,:,n Commutiily of all classes, who nu.y feel .-„. interest in ,,ro,noti.,L' the 
 general improvenient and prosperity of this eoinitry. 
 
 The Soeiety have obtained, last Session of the Provincial Parliament, an 
 Aet of Incorporation, by which all the previous proeeedinys of the Soeiety 
 have been recognized and confirmed; it also provides that the Soeiety may 
 direct that any ..umber of Directors or Vice-Presidents n,ay be chosen from 
 Members residing in any particular District or locality in Lower Canada, and 
 by Members residing therein, and may appoint or authorize the Directors to 
 appoH,t local IWrds of Directors in any such Distrin or loc.litv, and vest in 
 them such powers as may be d.emed expedient and adapted to atti.in the objects 
 ior whKh the Society is established. The Aet further grants ,h. power ,o 
 use a Common Seal, with such motto and device as may be determined 
 
 All the Soeiety requires now is a general manifestation of public oi.inion in 
 heir favour to support and encourage them in their endeavours to accon.pli.h 
 the object for which they have been organized and incorporated 
 
 Iho. persevering energy and judicious exertions of the great N^.tion-.l 
 Agricultural Societies established in the British Isles have produced immense 
 benefit and excited the admiration of all other countries. They have encon 
 raged experimental investigation in every branch of husbandry, and widelv 
 dillused by their Journals and Transactions the knowledge of sJund principle; 
 and the most approved practices in agriculture. We have the advantage of 
 their example, and the results of their labours to guide and stimulate^s • 
 we may not be able to introduce exactly the same modes of high cultivation' 
 tha succeed so admirably in the British Isles, but nevertheless there is 
 nothing in our climate or soil that would prevent us following very closely the 
 best and most perfect system of agriculture practised in the British Isles where 
 our capital will admit of our doing so. To flirm well in England the land 
 must be sufficiently drained, ploughing and harrowing Properl evecuted for 
 
 whatevercropjmanure applied, if necessary,.tlieseedsownand planted mu^tbe 
 of good quality, sound, clean and of unmixed variety, sown at the proper ti lie 
 and the whole work well executed ; all weeds that may subsequently appe r . 
 the crop must be taken awayor destroyed, and the crops when atmatuntcare- 
 fu% harvested and secured. A due rotation of crops must also be observed 
 and as niueh as possible, consistently wi.h .his rotation, each crop be suited to 
 the quality and state of the soil ; as regards farm stock, great attent on i" 
 required to their breeding, selection and feeding, and their suitability to each 
 particular lucah.y and keep. Tn..a.M-icuI(ural i.npkincntsin England are pnc- 
 
 
 "^v.. 
 
rally in j^rcat viiricty ami of tlii.' very bf.si <lt.<cii|)tioii. If wi- duHire to fiir..i 
 well licrc, wc thall ha-.c to adopt exactly the saint iiiodis of cari'lul cultivation 
 anil managonirnt. Onr agricultural iinplcinentH, if not iMjual in variety ...A 
 perfection to tlioic iit use in England, .diould be brought as near to thin 
 perfection as possible, and if we can make any im|)ro'einent in thcin to make 
 t*:em more suitable for otir circmnstanccs — so much the better. In the ma* 
 nnpement of the dairy, if wc wish perfection and jirofit, the English system is 
 the best, and can be adojucd here witliout diffitidty. 
 
 It would be extremely injurious, and a prrat bur to improvements, were we tocn- 
 tcrtiiinlhe ideft that oursituiitionand ciieu'nstancts preclude us from adopting 
 the improved aystcmsi of agriculture practised in other countries, because our 
 winters are cold, and our summers short and hot. That our lands should be 
 covered with snow in the winter, and our rivers with ice, is a great benefit 
 to us, and as regards our sunnners, .'hryarc short certainly, but we find them 
 ouftiiicntly long to enable us to prow good crops when cultivated properly, 
 and if one farmer Tiiay have good crop.^, so can another, under the same cir- 
 cumsi.Tnces of soil and elinuitc, if he cultivates in the same manner. There 
 U another fact wc shoidd not forget, that on an average, the seasons are more 
 steady and favorable here tlnriin the British Isles. We should not therefore allow 
 ourselves to be persuaded that our soil or climate are inferior to any country 
 on earth. What we require is experience, capital, and well trained farrn- 
 labourers. An expcriciiecd labourer in all the works of a farm is capable of 
 rendering more than double the useful service to a farmer than the generality 
 of labourers can do who have not experience. It is a considerable advantage 
 in this coiMitry that our soil and climate are capable of producing a great 
 variety of useful plants, many more than in llrifain. The greater variety wc 
 cuhivate, the more disposable produce we shall have for exportation, and the 
 less liable we shall bo to the evils brought ui-on a country by the failiirc of anv 
 general crop. DifFei-cnt climates and modes of cultivation, may furnish a g.eat 
 variety of produetio":., and commerce enables countries to exchange their 
 productions. 'I'hus many countries may enjoy the productions of several 
 portions of the earth, however remote, and we may enjoy this advantage to as 
 great an extent as any other cou'itrv in the world if wc adopt the means in our 
 power. 
 
 We may rest satisfied that agriculture will to us, be the purest and 
 most certain source of general prosperity ; any other source of prosperity may 
 be transitory and pass away, while the improvement of the land will be a 
 permanent source of production that cannot pass away. If it be an admitted 
 principle that agriculture nuist be the chief source of the riches of this countrv 
 and of the welfare and happiness of its inhabitants, th.pn ccrtaiidy every prac- 
 ticable means should be adopted to produce a flourishing state of agriculture 
 iind thereby secure the welfare and happin-ss of the people. It was the want 
 of a regular system of agriculture, and a judicious variety, and rotation of 
 crops, that has been the chief cause of the dreadful calamity that afflicted the 
 Irish people this year. They cidtivated the potatoe almost exclusively, as 
 food for five or six millions of people, and when the crop faikd, destitution 
 oiekness aird death have been the eonsecnieneos, to an extent unprecedentrd 
 in Diodcrn times i.i any civilised country ; and it would have been a thousand, 
 
M 
 
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 10 
 
 fol.l more droadful if tl.o novcrnmcnt l.ad not provided food for tlie starving 
 popu at,on. Of tl.is calamity wo have had ample proof in the erm^rants coming 
 here th,s year: and it should act as a earning to us, how much the very 
 oxisfence of a people may depend upon their system of agriculture being 
 conducted jud.c.onsly, and upon the most approved principles, in proportion 
 rancty and rotat.on of crop. It is neccs,ary to a prosperous condition "^ 
 «gnculturc, that U should yield reasonahlo returns for the expenditure of 
 skdl an.l labo,n-, rent of the land, and interest for the capital employed in 
 stock, seed and implements; and if farmers were careful in balancing thi, 
 account each year, our asriculture would now be in a much more flourishing 
 conduion, because farmers would have discovered the necessiiv of change and 
 improvement in their system. ' b • » 
 
 We are connected with a country where in.provemcnts in husbandry are 
 earned to greater perfection than in any other country on earth. They annly 
 capital and skill to cultivation and stock, and make expcrhnents in ever;- 
 branch of agriculture. We may have all the a.'vantages of their example, and 
 the results obtained from their experiments, to instruct and to encourage us 
 at the simple cost of publishing them to our farmers here. We have access to 
 Mil tlic best periodicals and publications, and may select the most useful and 
 practical information dispersed and hidden in what may be termed " a wilder 
 iicss of print." The " Royal Irish Agricultural Socieiy" and the " Highland 
 Agricultural Society" have kindly sent us their Transactions, nnd we expect 
 the ;• Royal English Agricultural Society" will do so. Ry application to the 
 Agricultural Societies of France and other countries, ^vc have no doubt to be 
 nblc to establish a friendly communication and cxehamje of papers with them 
 It will be strange indeed if we shall not be able to select from all these sources 
 n vast amount of useful information, which every farmer in Lower Canada may 
 obtain at a very moderate annual subscription. It would be almost beyond 
 the means of any farmer to procure the same amount of information, which 
 tliejournal of this Society may furnish him. 
 
 'J'his mode of instruction, and what is termed '< Rook-farminii " 
 may be spoken of with contempt and ridicule by those who consider 
 tliemselves perfect masters of their profession, and incapable of reeei- 
 vmg any inslructio,. or benefit from anything that could be printed on 
 »hc .subject. Unfortunately, however, most farmers havo not thosf> pretcn- 
 Mons, and how are those who are conscious they require information and 
 instruction to obtain it, unless by agricultural publications ? It would not be 
 possible to send throughout the country, competent persons to give practical 
 instruction in the science and practice of agriculture, and perhaps if this 
 could be done, it would not succeed so well as publications comin^ from a 
 Mwco. in which the farmers generally would have confidence. We^will not 
 ndiriit that the farmers of Canada are not now perfectly capable of appre- 
 ciating the value of suggestions and instruction, submitted in a proper spirit 
 for thei. cosideration and adopfion,-and that they will a.lopt, where possible 
 the improvements that may be recommended, we have no doubt whatever.' 
 Were all attempts to improve the general state of agriculture to be put off 
 nntil all farmers were fully educated, wo need not think of improvement 
 dmnig; fhi-^ generation. Fortunately, there i.s no reasonable cause that 
 
11 
 
 we should put off for a day our endeavours to instruct and encourage 
 farmers in a better and improved system of luisbandry. There is not a 
 parish, and perhaps not a liouse, in Lower Cauiula, that has not readers, and 
 hearers, wlio wouhl be able to comprehend perfectly plain instruction and sug- 
 gestions, offered to their consideration, and for their practice, from a Society 
 which, we trust, shall bo entitled to their confidence. We also have every 
 reason to hope that the parisji clergy will be pleased to countenance and 
 recommend any measures calculated to produce the welfare and happiness of 
 the Canadian people. 
 
 If it was duly considered that the produce of land is almost 
 the only source of food and clothing, as well as of trade, manufactures 
 and commerce, a more general interest would be felt in the ])rosperous con- 
 dition of agriculture, and tint those who are engaged in the business of pro- 
 ducing the means of food, clothing, trade, manufactures and commerce, sliould 
 have every possible instruction and encouragement afforded to them, that 
 would enable them to eulti\ ate the earth successfully, as well for their own as 
 the general advantage. Agriculture has nothing to do wit"^ , olitics or parties; 
 men of all parties and politics require food and raiment, J they can only 
 be procured from the produce of land, directly, and indirectly. It should 
 therefore be a subject of the first importance to men of all parties, that our 
 country should be cultivated to the best advantage, and a large and valuable 
 produce be annually created. A country not rich in her productions docs not 
 offer a prize worth contending for by any parties. The production of food 
 in particular should be the first object with every country. If through a 
 faulty system of agriculture, or from any other casualty, food should fail, the 
 whole revenue of a country from every source might be insufficient to pro- 
 cure the re(iuired supply. It will be several years yet to come before the 
 farmers of Canada recover the injury done by the Wheat Fly, and if the seed 
 of the wheat we now grow had been sooner introduced, the loss would not have 
 been anything near so great. This proves how necessary is constant attention,' 
 that our agriculture be in a healthy condition, every department progressing 
 successfully. 
 
 If our arable iands Were drained sufficiently and cultivated ju- 
 diciously, we should not often have to complain of adverse seasons, and 
 light crops. The most slovenly farming will produce larg3 crops in seasons 
 that arc moderately nioint and hot, but to overcome or remedy natural diffi- 
 culties, and be able to produce good crops in seasons that may not be so 
 f.ivourable, is the result of proper instruction in the science and practice of 
 agriculture. Ninctccn-twentielhs of the farmers of Canada cultivate their 
 lands in the same way every year, although tlic seasons may difl[l>r very widely 
 one from another in their general character. It is no wonder therefore that 
 the crops that might succeed very well one ycnr, would, with the same cultiva- 
 tion, not succeed at all another year. We require so to manage that whatever 
 may be the character of the growing season a good crop may be produced, and 
 we believe this possible. Of course in wet harvests, scarcely any human 
 precaution can save a crop from injury, and the farmer may not be 
 to blame for iliis. Wc admit that after the most careful and judiciou« 
 management in every department, disappointmfnls may and often do occur. 
 
i ■' 
 
 12 
 
 but they will not be Rcneral 'J'Iip h„<u.,r, i i 
 
 understands his bu^es , and ha c p ta auffi'" T. '"'"'' '" '"^ ^'^'' '^ '- 
 understand, but without' thes T;:'; h 'te '"' *^"* """' "^ ^°- 
 perfect and prosperous system of a^^irr' ''^,'=«""°' ''^Pect to sec a 
 Our efforts'hould, how "be e n'l d t" ''T"' ' "*"'"^''"' '" C-''^'^- 
 of the advantages 'that we W :tf J^^^^^^^ -"• 
 
 There is no question thnf .1, , ^ ' ''"'^ ^''^ ^^''^ m«y be done 
 
 <ioubiedb,ther;r„t e^rs^: :1"t;^^t "'^"'-'^ ""«"' ^''' 
 
 competent farmer may convinc I f ^^^^^ 
 
 the country, and ascertaining chc ~nt 'e 7 "?"""' '""' ^'^""Sb 
 tation of produce would be equ/toanln . f''"""''"- '^''"^ '"'S^^"' 
 nnllion pound., currency So/lm jl"""^' «'''.^« »"^ -""'^^ of several 
 exertion we can bestow upon it ""^'"^^"'^"^ " -» «bject worthy every 
 
 greatly augmented produ ti„n of J" n ■■"■{' ''^'^ ^'°"''* '-''^P^^' *''«»« 
 provements that are're i^l^ £:'„"" " """'" "^"''^^^^^ ■"'■ 
 
 vated in a perfect system of AJonh ^ u ' ^'■''' ^■'"•^'^ "^ "°P' <^"lti- 
 grain annually produced '^^"'"""^'^' ^'*'''>"^ diminishing the quantity of 
 
 "o^^ntir m!c:: "tti:: tTr ?-'^' ^"'^ -- 
 
 agriculture. We know many Jod flrl 'y'T'' '^' ""Provement of 
 superficial, but that has n t p^ventd Z^n^nr; "'"" f'"^"''"" '^ ^^^^ 
 every branch of it. It woulS be !,/« / """^ '^'''' ^"^i^^^^' ^n 
 a perfect agricultural ed e" on L , " f • '" ""' ''"' ^°"''y '" Provide 
 
 agricultural schools, and :d^^",r::r?e:;^^^^^^^^^ 'T '''""''' ^""^> -^ '-^ 
 upon their labour, might be . ron- v ^ ' ' "^'"""^ '"'" ^''P""^'"S 
 
 work of the farm, to' the U 'ndtnr T' '' ^'"^ P'^'^^^' '" --' 
 instructed and competen E J. b. J ^^ ^S"-'^-e generally. Well 
 profitable system of husban ^ 3 t ' "i, " Ij^"^"--^' »» " Perfect and 
 such labourers augn.ents in a LI je'rr T"'"' "'"^ '^' ^«"t *< 
 and is the eause^f work be n^ „" rtl'''"'' '""^ T' ""' ""''''"^ ''''^«-' 
 professions, a regular apprcn iee^h .^Tf! • T?'"'' ^" "" *^''''1^« "'"^ 
 certainly the first! and 't^he Ld'of .ll'll "' ■^''^"'"^'^' ^'"•'='' ^'^ 
 thought necessary i„ Canada Anv h„ P'^^^^'^'^^, "o apprenticeship is 
 
 "ot understand perfect h' net er.^' '""" "'^' ^ '"«" ^-^ 
 - plain facts tLt e ve;^^ farmed rirt::;:,^^^ ^'^^ 
 
 expect improvement. ' ' " ^^'" l^^ in vain to 
 
 ^^^^'^ ^^/z:;:^'''"' : -" ---^ -^-"-^ - the 
 
 classes. Their snperio Ln an" L 1'" ^'^'^ ^^^"'^''y ^'^ best indueated 
 ".ake the first nmve in th so in J t ^"'J "^'"""^ P^^'"?^ '"^'^ ^» 
 
 ;'^-st wealthy, and best:iu'2dshl<ltXtd;d;:dt^^^^ 
 thennprovementof ngrieul.ure. as they should be " 7 ^^'''^ ''^"'l.'" encouraging 
 sity and benefits of improvcn.o ,f V? . , '" appreciate the neces^ 
 
 to those who posses bo r^:. r" 'i'"'^ ''''^'^' -re great advantages 
 
 disposed to e.'ercisoth:mV:.:tT^^^^ T "'^''"'"^- "^^ 
 
 to the comn.unity. ,t would n,. he "Itc It I n '' .""Ti ''^"''"•'"" 
 
 txptcftu that men of wealth and cduca- 
 
 I 
 
 .% 
 
 NT 
 
lis power if iic 
 ■ wliat he docs 
 pect to sec a 
 ed in Canada, 
 id all we can, 
 nay be douc. 
 Ida might bo 
 Jry, and every 
 tour through 
 Hiis augmcn- 
 ry of several 
 worthy every 
 
 "iig to dinii- 
 ^xpect that a 
 It of the ini- 
 crops culti- 
 qtiantity of 
 
 this should 
 ovement of 
 ition is very 
 Jusiiicss, in 
 ' (o provide 
 ions, and if 
 
 depending 
 
 1, in every 
 'Hy. Well 
 :ierfect and 
 le want d 
 cd labour, 
 radcs and 
 
 2, which is 
 iceship is 
 man does 
 '• These 
 J vain to 
 
 g to the 
 nducatcd 
 them to 
 lary that 
 ouraging 
 10 neces- 
 t'antages 
 >gcs arc 
 icfactors 
 1 cdiitii- 
 
 I 
 
 v. 
 
 lion would expend thoir wealth, and devote their time to the general good ; 
 hut without making any considernhlc sacrilice, much good might he done hv 
 example and a very trilling expenditure judiciously employed." This Society 
 can be made instrumental in producing a vast amount of benefit to Lower 
 Canada, if properly conducted, and it will l,c it) the power of the Members 
 to have it managed judiciously for the public good. The Society is orgiinized, 
 the machmery all prepared, and what is now require!, is, that it should be put 
 in active motion and its progress onward provided for, by all wlio are favour- 
 able to its objects. 
 
 At a meeting of the Yorkshire Agricultural Society, in August last, Lord 
 Fovcrsham observed of Agricultural Yeoman Schools and publications •— 
 " The \orkshire Yeoman School~I may say with regard to that, that it is in 
 active operation, and conducted upon most excellent principles, and the 
 applications for admission to it have far exceeded all expectation. At the 
 same time I may add, that it has also appeared to me that the institution is 
 not complete without the annexation of u model farm; and I do sincerely 
 hope that that object will ere long be accomplished, because I am enabled to 
 state that where model farms have been already established, they have been 
 found of great benefit, and eminently successful. Until that object has been 
 accomplished, I would beg leave to say, that I believe those engaged in the 
 cultivation ot the land will derive material advantage by taking ^ny opportu- 
 nities that mayofFcr themselves of perusing publications which emanate from 
 tlie press relatmg to agricultural subjects. They will be found to contain 
 much important infoimation and interesting details on agricultural matters 
 I may mention the 'Annual Report of the Royal Agricultural K.cicty of 
 England the_ Report of our own Society, the 'Farmers' Magazine,' and 
 other publications. All of them contain most useful and important informa- 
 ion to the Agricultural student, in various branches of sciencc-chemisfrv 
 botany, geology, entomology, and mcchanicrs; all these form part of the 
 education of agricultural schools in Scotland-and certainly that eountrv is 
 not sui^passed, if it be equalled, in the rapid and extraordinary strides made 
 in the improvement of agrieultiirc." 
 
 Such is the opinion of an English Nobleman of great property, regarding 
 agricultural schools, model farms, and agricultural publications 
 
 At the same meeting Lord Morpeth concluded an eloquent address in the 
 following terms: "Thus, by combining theory with pracice-by draining 
 your fields of all their stagnant water-by draining your intellects of absolute 
 prejud,ees--by manuring your acres with fertilizing subMances, and your 
 understanding wah useful knowlcdgc~by storing np in your garners the' ich 
 produce of the year, and by storing in your minds the goodly H-nits of intelli- 
 gence, enterprise, and science-thc farmers of England and the farmers of 
 Yorkshire will assume that position in the social system to which thev are 
 so well entitled." These words may be equally applicable to Canadian 
 farmers, and it will be the anxious desire of this Society to place iscfu 
 information in the hands of every farmer. For the present, L Society cannot 
 do more than pubhsh in the English and French languages their Journal, 
 untd they ascertain wh.,t .npport they arc likely ,.. receive, and how the 
 objects for winch they have been organized will be appreciated bv the public 
 
IP 
 
 R- 7r 
 
 i, 
 
 14 
 
 The best proof of public feci!,,, i„ their favour will be-subscribing n.en.bers 
 un.ung wuh then, and corresponding with then, ou useful subjects "the 
 Socety IS expected to bo productive of any general benefit to the country 
 he arnoun of annual subscription would bean easy purchase of this e'pectS 
 beneht Ihe Socety would have increased confidence in their pro3n«s 
 were they couscous of the favour and support of the Canadian 'eon.nuSy' 
 It would not be very encouraging to the exertions of the Soeietv, were thev' 
 to feel thcr excrfon:. to pron.ote the general good regarded withindiflerence^ 
 even by those who nnght be the n.ost directly benefitted. The advantages to 
 be anticipated must reasonably be in proportion to the degree of interest 
 mam ested by the public, not only in words, but in subscriptTons that would 
 enable the Society to carry out fully the measures they have proposed and 
 now bubnutted. 
 
 The Society confidently rely upon general support, and all persons desirous 
 of beconung u.embeis, or of taking the Journal of the Society, are requested 
 to forward tli^ir subscriptions to the Secretary for the purpose, with their 
 res.dences and post towns, when receipts will be acknowledged i>i the first 
 number of the Journal, by giving a list of subscribers, which will save postafre 
 Annual Subscriptions, Five Shillings. ' 
 
 The following letter from the Lord Bishop of Mattyropolis. to the Secre- 
 tary of the Canadian Agricultural Society, was ordered to be published '.t 
 the General Meeting which took place in June last, in order to show the nioru 
 than fnendly disposition of the llomaii Catholic Bishops and Clergy towards 
 the new Society, and the objects the Society have in view :— 
 
 13isiior's Palace, Montreal, 30th April, 1847 
 • ^''^TH I' T^° "'"'■^ gratifying to me to answer your letter of the ''On,! 
 instant, that I long since had a desire directly to offer to vou a token of" mv 
 sentiments, and satisfaction respecting the exertions wh"ieh you hive nj^ 
 tZll V' • '", ^''i°"' "* Agriculture in this country, for upwards cf twenty 
 jears. It is, indeed, a most signal service that you render to ,ny counlrv^ 
 men, in endeavouring to improve an.ongst them rural industry, which not only 
 catncs with Itself physical prosperity, but, moreover, the most eneoun,° S 
 guarantee of moral felicity. But this happy result to be general and ncr- 
 manen must be the joint work of several, nay, of the greatc- number of '^ur 
 nflucntial men. It is for this reason, no doubt, that, extending your views 
 beyond yonrovyn career, however useful it may be, you think of fonninra 
 Kuial Association grounded ui)on a broad basis. For this I cannot but the 
 more compliment you, and cordially share in your gcieroui desire. It i. 
 theref(,re, with a real satisfaction that I have read the project of the new 
 Canadum A<rnntltural Socief;/, and have been sincerely leioiecd at tl p 
 sanguine hopes in its success which it inspires you with at'its ury outset 
 
 1 can next assure ^-ou, as well in my own n-me, as in tiiaf of the Dio- 
 cesan Bishop, that the Ci-thol.c Chrgy will thoroughly enter into vour vicvvs 
 on the subject, and besides the individual efforts that have been made J 
 several Reverend C«m-, v ithiii their respective parishes, I be<r to infbrm vou 
 that the Lord Bishop Bourget. in his late visit io Europe, Iran been activelv 
 cnpaged in furthering the introduction into this District of an establishment 
 o» Irappists with a view to Agricultural amelioration as wellasfor a religious 
 purpose, for, these rdig.ous labourers arc known in divers countries to iirod.ir.. 
 permanent good, and salutary inllaence, by the carrying into operatin of" 
 heir model farms. \ ou, sir the indefatigable promoter of Agricultureomav 
 thcrcfnrr- rest as-urcd that if wc catmot more etloelu.dlv eo-operute in vour 
 
 I 
 
 y. 
 
 i - 
 
3ii)g nienibers 
 iccts. If the 
 
 the country, 
 this expected 
 
 proceedings, 
 1 coniniunity. 
 y, were they 
 indifleiencc, 
 ivantages to 
 
 of interest 
 
 that would 
 oposed and 
 
 )iis desirouH 
 e requested 
 with their 
 in the first 
 ve postage. 
 
 the Sccrc- 
 bhshed, at 
 .V tile more 
 ;y towards 
 
 il, 1847. 
 the 22nd 
 ;cn of my 
 have not 
 cf twenty 
 
 country- 
 'i not only 
 couraging 
 and per- 
 er of our 
 3ur ^ie\vb. 
 jrniing a 
 : but tlio 
 ^ It is, 
 
 the new 
 I at t!;e 
 iitsct. 
 he Dio- 
 ur views 
 made by 
 :jrni you 
 actively 
 ishnicnt 
 'cligioua 
 |)ro(Jucc 
 ratia of 
 reoniay 
 in, vour 
 
 t 
 
 15 
 
 interesting worli, you will at least find the Ecclesiastics of Canada truly 
 disposed to approve of your unceasing efforts. 
 
 You will please to reckon the Catholic Bishop of Montreal as one of the 
 Life Members of the useful Canadian Agricultural Socivlu,. Enclosed is 
 the small subscription of the Ecec/ie. 
 I have the honor to be, Sir, 
 
 Your most obed't, humble servant, 
 
 (Signed) fj. C. PRINCE. 
 
 Bishop of Martyropolif, 
 
 ._ -„ _ „ Administrator of M. D. 
 
 lo VVM. Evans, Lsy., &c. 
 
 On proposing the 9t!i Resolution, Major Campbell observed:— 
 
 In moving this resolution I would make a few remarks on a subject lo which 
 I have given much attention. The great advantage to be derived by the 
 country at large, from a good system of Agriculture is so obvious that 1 need 
 not now dwell upon it ; the means to be employed to introduce and carry out 
 such a 8)1 stem are what we are called upon to consider. I know of none so 
 efficient for this purpose as the giving to our rural population a sound practi- 
 cal education ; m vain shall we offer prizes lor good stock and well tilled 
 farms, unless we teaih the competitors the art of rearing the one and culti- 
 vating the other; let us connnence with the rudiments of the science, and by 
 and by we may attempt the higher branches. I am speaking' now, not in the 
 capacity of a public officer, but in that of an inhabitant of this Province 
 identified with all its interests, bound to it by the tie of property, and to one 
 race of its occupants by the nearest and dearest tie that man can form ; on 
 more occasions than one, a habitant has come to me and expressed a desire to 
 give his son, who appeared to have some talent, a good education ; the question 
 has then been asked how is this to be obtained? either the lad must go to 
 the common school, where, at the present moment, I fear, he would learn but 
 little, or he must be sent to a College, where he will be instructed in Mathe- 
 matics, Latin and Greek ; and when he has finished his course of studies, he 
 will return to his father's house, to be spoiled and petted by his too indul- 
 gent parents, proud of their well educated boy. Does he now, aid his father 
 inthe cultivation of his flum? No, such an occupation is beneath the 
 digmty of this learned youth. He must Lc a lawyer, or a doctor, and 
 thus add another to one of these already over stocked profession?, the home 
 of his childhood is despised, the coat of itoffc da pays is exc;' .nged for one 
 of superfine Saxony ; he takes up his residence in a village, administers law 
 or physic to any habitant who will trust his case to him, and spouts politics 
 whenever he can collect two or three neighbours together. I appeal to tho 
 many gentlemen born and brought up in this country who now hear me if 
 this picture is overdrawn? One of the chief objects of this Society is to 
 remedy_ uie cvd by establishing a school and model farm where the rising 
 generation may learn practically and theoretically the science of Agriculture''- 
 the youth from this school will, lam firmly persuaded, return to their homes' 
 to be able assistants to their parents, and useful members of society ; and the 
 occupatiou of cultivating the soil be raised, thereby, in the estimation of tho 
 community. I trust my life may be spared long enough to see sucli a school 
 cstabhshed ir every parish of the Province. 
 
 I have much pleasure in adding that I have authority to state that the 
 Bishop of Montreal and the Roman Catholic Clergy throughout the Pro\ ineo 
 are prepared to give all the assistance in their power to this undertaking • 
 that excellent Prelate during his late visit to Europe made all necessary 
 inquiry, and gained much information touching certain religious communities 
 who employ the time not occuuied to devotions, in cnhivatinrr »li.. «oil • thi- 
 mformatior he is willing to impart to us, to be made use of in any manner 
 ^hat may be deemed conducive to the great nhjeet \\c nil have in view. 
 
^' 
 
 Hi 
 
 k; 
 
 The Dcpiitaiion wlu. waifca iipoi. His Kxccllencv Tl.n r 
 to solicit Ilk I.:xccllcn,y ,o h.aL Patr,.> oOh!«^ ' ^'°''''™*'' ^"'""»' 
 of their interview with his Lordship. ""''^'' '"'"P'"-'^'^ ^''^ ■•""'' 
 
 as Patron, His Escfllency was pleij J " '?'':", «*^ ''"^'"g "is Excellency 
 satisfaetion, because he iklicvc 'l Vr L ,Z' 'tl 1' T'^l''^- '^' ''^'' ^'''^ 
 was great in a nation, (or soni.^thinB to h at . ff^.f "''' '°"°^atiun of all that 
 present effort to raise up an a! 0^"^,^^!' '^ "'"^ ''," ^"'^ "° ''o"bt but the 
 could not but succeed when I'r aw'^^M nl""/ ^''t-T^' '?'• C«"«da 
 those who composed the meeting hold on the 1 uh ?. T/" '"Auential men as 
 movement. The Kentlemcn of fl . il, . " - '"^'""' "^ '^le head of tlie 
 had heretofore beefmad'i. Zoic a S'to'ott- ' '""' 'r'^' ""^'p'' 
 Societies, but they had not ^I'cclZlWhZ^^ '^^ 
 pleased to say, that he woukll dS RrJ^i'fedE '^''^•'^"*^'"^^ *^- 
 
 succeed, inasmuch as his name was thoT.d 1. i "'*' I"'*''""' '""^'e 
 heartj co-operation, he begged to suh'icrit tlirsVoi '«roa" '"""' "' '"" 
 
 '."* 
 
 ^i K M TJ v: n s . 
 
 "rs KXCKLLKNCY TUK GOVKKNon (iENEUAL 
 
 "^f^Molr!:.!!^,""'^""""^''"-"'' Bishop 
 
 Hon. Sir Jnmps Stuart. Chief Justien. 
 
 ^^Xn't" °" ^^ B°"<^^'"^"'''. Viool'iTsi- 
 Ho^ P. McGill, Speaker Leg. Council. 
 
 Hon. L, II. Lnfimtninp, M. p P 
 
 Hon. A. N. Morin, M. 1>. p " " 
 
 ITou. U. Jolieffo. 
 
 Hon. Robt. Hnrnnod. 
 
 Hon. Francis IlineUs. 
 
 Hon. CDinmissioni'r Ciisrrain 
 
 CoLTachcA.G. AI. " 
 
 L. Lacostp, Ksqr. M. P. P. 
 
 B. n. Lu Afoino, Esqi . M. P p 
 
 A. Jobin, Esqr. M. P. p. ' 
 
 L. T. Dniniuiond, Ksqr. M. p p 
 
 A. P. JlttlH.t, Esqr., M. p. p ■ 
 
 Jacob Do Witt, Esqr. M. P. P. 
 
 J. P. LnntiiT, Esqr. M. P. p. 
 
 Hon. Ailiim Ferrie. 
 
 Uof\. Jcilin Molsoii. 
 
 VVra. Hull, Esqp. 
 
 Hon. Judge Day. 
 
 Hon. Jiidiro Pyke. 
 
 Hon. \V. Badelev. M. P 
 
 V f\.\..:,.- i-r •' ,, „ 
 
 [im,, Gr.irpr. Moffiitt, i\I. p p 
 
 ii'ii. P. II. Ktiowltou. 
 lion. V. V. IJriineou. 
 It. N. Wiitts Esqr, 1\I ]' p 
 
 I'. A.LivRncquo, Esnr. '■ 
 
 J'lliti Vulc, Esqr. 
 
 niMi, A. Fiiiliivson, Esqr. 
 
 A. Kirr/.kowslti, Esqr, 
 
 JoImi LovoII, E«qr. 
 
 VVin. I^vntiN, Esqr. Son-otarv. 
 
 I Jr. lioiitillier, Esqr. Jf. P. p. 
 
 M. t^Htiirron, Esqr. M. p. p. 
 
 Mr. Rheriff Coffin. 
 
 SiU'voyor fj,,„p,.(,| Bmichctto. 
 
 (^Iiiirli H Turnor, Esqr 
 
 P. L.tCrim),p,.llo. Esqr. Junr. 
 
 ii'pt. John Clinks. 
 
 •inlui Edw. Evans, E<qr. 
 
 JnmoN Lojjnn, 'Epqr. 
 
 — (•riuff, EN(|r. » 
 
 •I. tJ. Shophi'rd. Esqr. 
 
 •'• *;;• l''i>«tor, ICsqr. Rf. p. p. 
 
 V »' ■'V'',"'''''""P^. I'^^ir iM. P. P. 
 A. ItorMii'lot, Esqr. M. p. p. 
 A. (,. Nnwmnn, Esiir. 
 J. Crawford Esqr. 
 
 J.L. 1)(. IWIcfoiiillp, 7^>nr, 
 " in. Kingsford, E«ir. 
 
 E. (;»! 
 
 vil 
 
 ie, Esqr. M. P. 1». 
 
 A. J,a Hoequc, Esqr. 
 A. Kintpton, Esqr. 
 .1. J liomson, Esqr. 
 
 I>r. P. UcauLii.n! 
 
 •**