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» . **■ 
 
 ISERMO^ 
 
 PRK ACHED IN 
 
 BEFORE 
 
 NDREWS' S( 
 
 BY THE . - 
 
 G. M. CLARK, New Edinl 
 
 Sabbath, November 29th, 1885. 
 
 8<J at the request of ST. ANDREWS' 
 
 KVENING JOURNAL Print. Ottawiu 
 
 /^T^ 
 
^^ 
 
 'I 
 
SEEMOi^ 
 
 PREACHED IN KNOX CHURCH, OTTAWA, BEFORE ST. 
 ANDREWS' SOCIETY, BY THE REV. G. M. CLARK, 
 OF NEW EDINBURGH. 
 
 SABBATH, NOVEMBER 29TH, 1885. 
 
 PUBLISHED AT THK REQUEST OF ST. ANDREWS' SOCIETY. 
 
 " If I Jor^et thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning^ — - 
 
 Psalm cxxxvii., 5. 
 
 It is not certain by whom this Psalm was written, but the occasion 
 of it is evident. The Jews were exiles by the rivers of Babylon, far 
 away from their own country, and they wept as they thought of their 
 own land, and the many blessings they had enjoyed there. They were 
 now vassels under a foreign yoke, but Jerusalem and the interests of 
 religion were uppermost in their thoughts and affections, and the Psalmist 
 declares, in the name of his brethern, that he would be rather deprived 
 of his skill in music, have his " tongue cleave to the roof of his mouth," 
 than forget Jerusalem ; "if I prefer not Jerusalem above my chief joy." 
 
 David, the sweet singer of Israel, was a good example of a Jewish 
 patriot. He said : " I was glad when they said unto me, let us go into 
 the House of the Lord. Our feet shall stand within thy gates, O Jeru 
 salem." " As the mountains are round about Jerusalem, so the Lord is 
 round about His people from henceforth, even for ever." To keep in 
 memory God's care over his people they were directed to " walk about 
 Zion, and go round about her ; tell the towers thereof. Mark ye well 
 her bulwarks, consider her palaces ; that ye may tell it to the generation 
 following." 
 
 It is thus very plain that the love of country was very strong in the 
 hearts of the sons of Israel. There, in the Holy City, were the morn- 
 ing and the evening sacrifices offered unto God ; and in their sacred 
 feasts, when all the people came up to Jerusalem, they were reminded 
 of God's special kindness to them as a nation. In the Passover they 
 could not forget the salvation of the Jewish race from their Egyptian op- 
 
 t 
 
3 
 
 pressors, and the feasts of Pentecost and Tabernacles wou'd recall to 
 their remembrance God's care of them in the wilderness. Such was 
 their love for home that they said : " If 1 forget thee, O Jerusalem, let 
 my right hand forget her cunning." 
 
 In preaching the Gospel to-night, we have taken this theme as suit- 
 able for our meditation, and specially for my fellow countrymen of St. 
 Andrew's Society, appropriating the words by way of accommodation to 
 our circumstances, as far away from our native home ; true, not as cap- 
 tive exiles, but yet at a distance from our beloved Scotland. It is my 
 intention, God helping me, to- night to enqun-e, if we have not reason to 
 be patriotic, and to cherish such deep affection for our country as *o 
 lead us to say : " If I forget thee, O Scotland, let my right hand forget 
 her cunning." 
 
 The " Land of brown heath and shaggy wood — 
 
 Land of the mountain and the flood." 
 
 is at the best a very narrow land, being only about two hundred 
 and eighty-eight miles from north to south, and fifty-two from east to 
 west. Though but a very small country, yet it has an important place 
 in hii'ory, and its influence is as wide as the world. Its physical aspect 
 is exceedingly diversified and picturesque. Its climate is good, giving 
 health to its people, and the strength for the arduous duties of life. Though 
 a small country such are the indentations by the sea, that its coast line is 
 some two thousruid five hundred miles long, and no part of it more than 
 forty-five miles from the sea. It would appear that it was ordained as 
 a suitable dwelling place for a hardy race. The country, however, is 
 not the source of its influence in history ; but who has not admired the 
 genius, and gloried in the heroism of that long line of Scottish worthies 
 who struggled for liberty as if seeking the emancipation of humanity. 
 Who does not feel his indignation rise at the recital of their wrongs, and 
 their sacrifices for truth and conscience sake. What memories rise be- 
 fore our minds, and emotions kindle in our hearts, at the mention of 
 such names as Bruce and Wallace, Knox and Melville, Argyle and 
 Murray, Gillespie and Henderson, Erskine and Chalmers, Burns and 
 Scott, Livingstone and Alexander Duff. 
 
 It is interesting to notice the part which the little nationalities of 
 earth have played in the great drama of civilization. Much is said 
 about the great powers, and how they shape the destiny of the world. 
 We often read of their majesty, their domain, their sway. The Old 
 World great powers were Assyria, Chaldea, Egypt, Medo Persia, Mace- 
 donia, Rome. These nations figure largely in the history of the past, 
 each claiming, in turn, the mastery of the world. In more modern 
 times, the great nations are Germany, France, Spain, Austria, Russia, 
 Prussia, Turkey, and England. These have almost monopolized the 
 map of Europe, where they still struggle for the balance of power. 
 
 But this is not all history. We have not completed this work till 
 we have looked at the little nationalities, such as Palestine, Greece, 
 Switzerland, the Netherlands, Scotland ; each occupying but a small 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 t 
 
4. 
 
 strip of earth, but having a wide influence on the world. Where have 
 men risen higher, as the friends of all that is noble and learned and 
 good, than in these small States ? There is something sublime in the 
 influence which has gone out over all lands from these apparently 
 insignificant portions of earth. Something here directs to that Almighty 
 hand that can work alike by many or by few ; causing . ":en smallest 
 means to accomplish greatest results. These little nations furnish us 
 with the whole story of arts and arms, literature and philosophy and 
 civil and religious liberty. Have they not done much to make the 
 larger nations what they were, and the world wliat it is ? From 
 Palestine the world has received a religion — the first, the last, the best, 
 the only divine religion. We have art, literature and philosophy, the 
 highest perhaps the world has ever seen, from Greece. Scotland has 
 given to us the finest example in all Christendom of a highly educated, 
 law-abiding and christianized people. Europe has but one Scotland, 
 and though her distinct nationality is gone since the Union, no iron 
 yoke has ever crushed her spirit. She is Scotland still. While the 
 sceptre of dominion has passed from the old capital, yet the old race is 
 there, undogenerated and unconquered, and worthy as ever to use the 
 national motto '■'■Nemo me impune lacesset." The same race as existed 
 there a thousand years ago is still at home upon its* soil, only more 
 advanced in true greatness because of the terrible trials of the people. 
 
 We have right to remember Scotland for the heroic manner in 
 which her sons contended, and contended successfully for civil and 
 religious freedom. In reviewing Scottish history our gaze is not 
 directed to the march of mighty armies, led by a conqueror, crushing 
 all opposition under the iron heel of war — but we look on a people 
 heroically defending their own firesides and civil and religious freedom 
 against overwhelming numbers. 
 
 The present population of Scotland is upward of three millions. 
 In 1707, the date of the union with England, it did not exceed a 
 million. During the one and three-quarter centuries since then the 
 people have engaged in agriculture, manufactures and commerce — 
 and have greatly prospered. Here we are taught the important lesson 
 that peace, and not warj is the true policy of nations. Scotland, since 
 the Union, has formed an integral portion of the British empire. She 
 yielded up her separate, nationality after gallantly and successfully 
 defending it for more than a thousand years. At the Union, James VI 
 united in himself the royal titles of the crowns of both kingdoms, and 
 quietly ascended the English throne. The royal race of Bruce was now 
 on tiie greater throne of the United Kingdom, and Queen Victoria now 
 reigns as truly Scotland's queen as she is England's queen, being the 
 fifty-fojrth sovereign of the Scottish royal line from Kenneth McAlpine, 
 and the fifty-first of the English royal line from Alfred the Great. 
 
 There are two notable epochs in Scottish history ; one of these 
 belongs to the sixteenth century with Knox and Queen Mary as the 
 prominent characters. The other leads us back to the days of Bruce 
 
I 
 
 and Wallace in the thirteenth and the opening of the fourteenth 
 centuries. 
 
 A stern and lofty grandeur gathers around the brow of Knox as the 
 great champion of the reformed church. It is not strange if Carlyle 
 should term him " a veritable king of men, one of the few immortal 
 names that were not born to die." " John Knox," said the same writer, 
 " is the one Scotsman to whom of all others his country and the world 
 owe a debt." He has been fiercely assailed, but for three centuries his 
 work has been speaking for him with ever increasing eloquence. He 
 needs no other monument. Some one has truly said "John Knox, 
 preaching in his i)ulpit in St. Giles, or from the window of his house in 
 High street, or at St. Andrew's, or in the presence of Mary Stuart at 
 Holyrood, is a figure as grand as Martin Luther before the Diet of 
 Worms." Professor Wilson has well said " His was the voice that 
 taught the peasant of the Lothians that he was a free man, the 
 equal in the sight of God with the proudest peer or prelate that had 
 trampled on his forefathers." Scotland regarded him as a God-given 
 leader. He fought bravely till peace was proclaimed, popery abolished, 
 and a confession prepared principally by himself was adopted. 
 
 While speaking of these great men, Wallace and Bruce, who fought 
 for civil liberty, and Knox, the champion of the Reformation, it would j^ 
 
 be wrong not to speak of those valiant men who preceded Knox as 
 Christian heroes in the cause of truth, such as Patrick Hamilton and 
 George Wishart, precursors of the great Reformation. By order of the 
 papal hierarchy each of these men was arrested, condemned, and 
 burned at the stake before the doors of the University of St Andrews, 
 which, in better times, they might have adorned by their eloquence. i 
 
 They died nobly for the rights of conscience and the Word of God I 
 
 " There were giants on the earth in those days, and Scotland's heroes 
 were among them." 
 
 Was the blood of these noble men, both in the earlier and later ' 
 
 period, shed in vain ? Truly not. It was the price of their inaependence, 
 of civil and rel.\^ious liberty, not for their country alone but for posterity, 
 for mankind. All the freedom which Scotland has to-day she owes, 
 under God to their deathless struggle for independence. No part of 
 earth is more thickly strewn with the ashes of martyred heroes, and 
 those who died bravely defending the right. The Springtime was long, ^ 
 
 but the harvest was abundant and glorious. ^ 
 
 Have we not reason to remember Scotland with gratitude when we '^ 
 
 think of the great results of the struggle for liberty. Theirs was a 
 double battle — first the conflict for national independence and consti- 
 tutional liberty against a powerful foe, and secondly their struggle for 
 conscience and a pure church against both papal and prelatical 
 domination. As we think of these noble reformers of the sixteenth, and 
 of their equally brave countrymen, the Covenanters of the seventeenth 
 century, we are ready to say " if I forget thee. Oh Scotland, let my right i 
 
 hand forget her cunning." 1 
 
 t 
 
I 
 
 " The rights and hberties of an evangelical Christianity and a pure 
 spiritual church preached in Scotland by the martyred Wishart and 
 Hamilton, heroically defended before kings, queens and nobles, by 
 Knox and Melville, vindicated and established by Henderson, Gillesi)ie 
 and Rutherford and their compeers, solemnly sworn to by the whole 
 people in their ' National League and Covenant,' cemented with the 
 blood and attested by thousands of martyrs, were the grand results. A 
 reformed religion and an evangelical Presbyterianism forever asserting 
 Christ's cross and crown and covenant in a free state." For these 
 results we desire to be truly thankful to God. Here we see the true 
 import of our Lord's words, " Render to Cresar the things that are 
 
 TCcesar's." The great truth incorporated in the Westminster Confession, 
 " God alone is Lord of the conscience," is the basis of all religious 
 liberty, and held by all Presbyterian churches. 
 Another result from these conflicts is the settlement, on a permanent 
 basis, of the true Scriptural doctrine of religious toleration. Many 
 professed disciples of Christ have been slow to learn this truth, and in 
 some cases have not yet learned it. It, however, lies clear in the artic' 
 " God alone is Lord of the conscience in all matters of religious opinion." 
 The Presbyterian Church has never been intolerant or a persecuting 
 ft Church. How could she be and be true to her principles ? A famous 
 
 Presbyterian has said, " The Presbyterian polity had been the cradle of 
 toleration, and it has always been the stronghold of religious liberty." 
 
 tWe have reason to remember Scotland when we think of her 
 position in the world of letters. Her text books of philosojjhy, theology, 
 politirul, legal and medical science and education liave found their way 
 » into tie leading schools where our language is known. Her authors 
 
 i have r'sen to the firs: rank, and the influence of their works is wide as 
 
 the world. 
 
 " The great energy (\ the Scots, which, in the former ages, had 
 been put forth in gaining civil and religious liberty, was put forth alter 
 the Union in peaceful invention, useful industry, jjractical discovery 
 and scientific research, philosophic inquiry and developing the best 
 intellect of the country, and thus Scotland's pen has become mightier 
 than Scotland's sword." 
 
 Thus modern Scotland has become in place of a home of warriors, 
 fkf the abode of a thriving, industrious, wealthy and happy people, sending 
 
 forth their well trained and God-fearing sons and daughters into all the 
 '*^ British colonies, and indeed into all new countries to make independent 
 
 and happy homes for themselves. / uld Scotia is filled with such happy 
 homes — from the palaces of the rich to the cottages of the poor. And 
 is not this the very foundation of her true greatness, her happy, blessed 
 Christian homes ? 
 
 Fellow countrymen, never forget this Christian home life. Think 
 of the Christian training we had around our fathers' firesides, under the 
 shadow of our native mountains. Imitate this blessed training in your 
 own homes ; and hand it down unsullied to your children. How 
 
i 
 
 6 
 
 beautifully is this religious home training and its influences described by 
 our highly gifted national poet : — 
 
 TIr- oheerfu' supper done — wi' serious face, 
 
 Tliey round the ingle form a circle wide : 
 The sire turns o'er wi' patriarchal yrace 
 
 The iiig ha" Ribie, ance his father's pride. 
 Mis bonnet reverently is laid aside, 
 
 His lyarl hafiltts wearing thin and bare 
 Those strains that once did sweet in Zion glide, 
 
 Hi' wales a portion with judicious care, 
 And " Let us worship God," he says witli solemn air. 
 
 They chant their artless notes in single guise ; 
 
 They tune their hearts by far the noblest aim ; 
 Perhaps " Dundee's " wild warbling measures rise. 
 
 Or plaintive " Martyr's " worthy of the name ; 
 Or noble " Elgin " beets the heavenward flame, 
 
 The sweetest far of Scotia's holy lays ; 
 Compared with these, Italia's trills are tame ; 
 
 Tlie tickled ear no he-irtfelt raptures raise; 
 Nae unison hae they with our Creator's praise. 
 
 The priest-like father reads the sacred page. 
 
 How Al)ram was the friend of God on high ; 
 Or Moses l)ade eternal vvarf\\re wage 
 
 With Amalek's ungracious progeny — 
 C>r how the royal bard did groaning lie 
 
 Beneath the stroke of heaven's avenging ire, 
 Or Job's pathetic plaint and wailing cry, 
 
 Or rapt Isaiah's wild seraphic fire, 
 Or other holy seers that tune the sacred lyre. 
 
 Perhaps the Christian volume is the theme, 
 
 How guiltless blood for guilty man was shed ; 
 How He who liore in heaven the second name, 
 
 Had not on earth whereon to lay His head ; 
 How His lirst followers and servants sped. 
 
 The precepts sage they wrote to many a land 
 llow He, who lone in I'atmos banished, 
 
 •Saw in the sun a mighty angel stand. 
 And heard great Babylon's doom i)rop.ounced by heaven's command. 
 
 Then kneeling down to heaven's eternal King, 
 
 The saint, the father, and the husband prays : 
 Hope "springs exulting on triumphant wing," 
 
 That thus they all shall meet in future tiays, 
 There ever bask in uncreated rays, 
 
 No more to sigh or shed the bitter tear, 
 Together hymning their Creator's praise 
 
 In such society still more dear, 
 While circling time moves round in an eternal sphere. 
 
 Compared with this, how poor religion's pride. 
 
 In all the pomp of method and of art. 
 When men display to congregations wide, 
 . . ; J devotion's every grace, except the heart ! 
 
The Power incensed the pageant will desert ■ . • , ;,. 
 
 The pompous strain, the sacerdotal stole ; 
 But haply in some cottage far apart, 
 
 May hear, well pleased the language of the son' ; , 
 
 And in His book of life, the inmates poor enroll. ■' • •.. ,.^ 
 
 From scenes like these, oM Scotia's grandeur springs, 
 
 That makes her loved at home, revered abroad. 
 I'rinces and lords are i)Ut the breath of kings ; 
 
 " An honest man is the noblest work of God." 
 And ccrtes in fair virtue's heavenly road, 
 
 The cottage leaves the palace far behind — 
 What is a lordling's pomp ? a cumljrous load, 
 
 Disguising oft the wretch of human kind. 
 Studied in arts of hell, and wickedness refined. 
 
 O Scotia I my dear, my native soil ! 
 
 For whom my warmest wish to heaven is sent ! 
 Long may thy hardy sons of rustic toil 
 
 Be blest with health and peace and sweet content ! 
 And Oh I may heaven their simple lives prevent 
 
 From luxury's contagion, weak and vile; 
 Then how e'er crowns and coronets be rent, 
 
 A virtuous populace may rise the while 
 And stand a wall of fire around their muchdoved isle. 
 
 A chief glory of Scotland is her Christian literature, which gives 
 her moral power at home and educational influence abroad. Her liter- 
 ature is largely baptized with the spirit of the gospel, and much of it is 
 specially consecrated at the altar of Christ. True, as our own Hugh 
 Miller has said, "Scotland has produced no Shakespeare, no Milton, 
 •no Bacon, no Sir Isaac Newton, no John Locke," but it is also tiue 
 that England has produced no Burns, no Sir Walter Scott, no James 
 Watt, no Sir William Hamilton, no Mary Somerville, and we might 
 add no Hugh Miller. 
 
 How rich is our country in the possession of the writings of our 
 talented poets, of our richly gifted national poet, of Walter Scott, of 
 Thomson, who sung of the seasons ; of Campbell, who delineated the 
 " Pleasures of Hope," of Graham's exquisitely beautiful poem on the 
 " Sabbath ; " and last but not least the beautiful and instructive " Course 
 of Time," by PoUok, and the glorious lyrics of James Montgomery and 
 Horatius Bonar, "There is a Holy Sacrifice," and "O Where shall Rest 
 be Found ?" are priceless gems to the Church ; and who can tell the 
 value^of those sweet hymns of Bonar " I lay my sins on Jesus," " Glory 
 be to God the Father," and " No Not Despairingly," and many others. 
 
 My mind turns to the writings and deeds of such men as David 
 Livingstone and Alexander Duff, and hosts of others who have done 
 much for mankind, especially to spread the knowledge of Jesus' name ; 
 but time forbids me even to mention their names. 
 
 We should also remember Scotland when we think of its noble wo- 
 men. And here the humble name of Jenny Geddes should not be 
 passed by, nor the throwing of her famous stool at the head of the Dean 
 
;&. 
 
 8 
 
 of Edinburgh in 1637, which was the signal of a great rising among the 
 peoole, ending in a memorable revolution. The annals of Church his- 
 tory contain few .iViOre pathetic pages than those which recount the 
 her':^ic ^uiTerings and death of Margaret McLaughlin and Margaret Wil- 
 son, the one an aged widow, the other a maiden of eighteen, who, bound 
 to stakes in the sea perished together in the rising tide humble martyrs 
 for tlie truth as it is in Jesus. Such, also, was the noble christian wife 
 of John Brown. The women of Scotland who have won a name as 
 useful and talented writers are nurnerc^us. We would like to speak of 
 thf works of such as Joanna Baillie, and Mrs. Mary Somerville. Ii is 
 worthy of remark that the works of the latter are highly prized by our 
 Oracious Queen, And here must we not remember our country, in 
 view of the many faithful men God has called into the ministry which 
 has not only liad an influence on the national character, but also on the 
 best interests of the world. The hand of the pulpit has been powerful 
 in guiding the people in the right way. For more than three centuries 
 it has been a mighty power in the land. Its influence has been felt for 
 good in all lands where our language is known. From John Knox to 
 Alexander Duff, not to speak of the living, is a long list of faithful men 
 whose evangelical preaching will compare favourably with the ablest 
 ministry of any age. These men have been known for their self-saci- 
 ficing zeal, for their loyalty to truth, their strong common sense, their 
 decision of character, their earnest eloquence, and their spirituality 
 of mind. You know I cannot name them all, but are we not thankful 
 for the Erskines, Jairies and Andrew Melville, the compeers of Knox, for 
 Henderson, Gillespie and Rutherford, for the great and gifted Thomas 
 Chalmers, for the sainted McCheyne, for Bonar and Guthrie, and many 
 such, as well as for our excellent missionaries such as Robert Moffatt, 
 David Livingston, Alexander Duff, W. C. Burns, etc., etc. Thus has 
 the Scottish pulpit sent its influence into many lands. 
 
 You know something of its influence in Canada. The day only 
 will declare the blessed results of tne labors of Drs. McGregor and Mc- 
 CuUough in Nova Scotia and in the maritime provinces, and in the isles 
 of the South Pacific Ocean. And as we look at our schools of the pro- 
 phets in Canada, and think of our excellent Professors Caven, McLaren, 
 and Gregg, Grant and Snodgrass, McVicar and Dawson, and King, and 
 others, are we not led back to the Scottish pulpit as the source of their 
 power. 
 
 Time forbids me to speak of the great social influence of Scotch- 
 men in this fair Canada ; but is it not the fact that our countrymen 
 have been led forward to posts of honor, and usefulness, and •! 1st, in 
 the state as well as in the church ? Are not the names of M '^onald 
 and McKenzie, Cameron and McDougal, (irant and McKay, etc., 
 household words in Canada. 
 
 While here speaking of the memories of Caledonia and her worthy 
 sons and daughters, I would earnestly press on you, my fellow country- 
 men, and on all who hear me, to imitate their example and practice 
 
 Ss 
 
 
9 
 
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 their virtues— to follow them as far as they followed Christ. But ict 
 us keep in mind that we are not perfect, and avoid the vices of our 
 countrymen, and specially intemperance, which has injured so many. 
 
 In view then of the country which gave us birth, and the priceless 
 heritage of civil and religious liberty, we would say ; •' If 1 forget thee 
 ' O Scotland,' let my right hand forget her cunning." 
 
 Let not this audience, however, conclude that our whole affections 
 are for Scotland ; nav, we are the world's citizens and friends, and we 
 desire the welfare of all for time and for eternity. Our feelings in this 
 regard are well expressed by our own poet : 
 
 " Then let us ptay that come it may— 
 
 As come It will for a'that, ^ 
 That sense and worth, o'er a' the earth, 
 
 May bear the gree, and a' that, 
 For a' that, and a' that, 
 
 It's coming yet for a' that. 
 That man to man, the warld o'er. 
 Shall hrithers l)e Tor a'that \" 
 
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