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Las diagrammes suivants iliuatrent la mi.^£hode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 JIM 3 5 5 2 8 WELLAJND CANAL. sPEOirioATionr or eahth work, &.e. The general dimensions of the Canal to be as follows : — the bottom 40 feet wide, except in short reaches, where it will be 70 feet ; depth of water 9 feet. The tov/ing path 15 feet wide on the top, and 3 fuet above the watev's surface, or so much higher as may Le necessary for the ascent to the next reach. GRUBBING, CliEARING, MVCKIIfO, StC. From the space required for the canal and its necessary banks and ditches, all trees, saplings, bushes and roots s'liall be cut and grubbed, and, together with all logs, brush, and wood of every description, removed from the ground hereafter to be occupied by the canal, its banks and drains, as may be directed by the Engineer, so as to do no unnecessary damage to the adjacent lands; likewise all the trees standing beyond the space described, which, by falling, might injure the banks, or obstruct the navigation, shall be cut down and removed, according to the direction of the Engineer. All the clearing, grubbing and removal of wood, must be completed, to the satisfac- tion of the Engineer, before the work of excavation is commenced. "* V'herever the surface of tne ground is belov/ the highest water level, it must be removed, for the entire width occupied by the canal and its banks, and to such depth as shall be directed by the Engineer : the loose earth thus ex- cavated, to be placed at such distance from the banks as he may require ; and in all cases care must be taken to place the purest, most solid and watev tight earth in the part of the banks rdjoining the canal, and to place all such niaterials as are coarse or permeable to water, in the outer extremity of the banks ; or, if required, to remove them altogether beyond the limits of the same. The slope, in all cases, to be two feet horizontal, to one vertical, uniform, and neatly trimmed, so as to pre- sent to the eye .'' fair outline comorming to the line of the canal. When the .utting exceeds 12 feet, the towing path shall be 15 feet, and the berm bank 6 feet, or so wide as the Engineer may direct ; to which must be added, such space as may be deemed necessary for side ditches proporliuued to the depth of cutting. In all cases where it may be necessary to spoil, the foot of the slope of the spoil banks, must he at least 16 feet from the edge of the cut : their upper surfaces to be smooth, having a uniform slope from the in- side, of one in twelve ; their side slopes two to one, and their height uniform and even, as directed by the Engineer. In forming the enibanknicnts, the materials shall be hauled by teams, in carts or otherwise, and laid on in cour- ses not exceeding 18 inches, PrDI»D]LI.\G. If the directions given, be properly attended to, from the nature of the materials it would appear, that puddle walls will not be required, in any of the embankments; should such, however, be deemed necessary, they must be carried up regularly with the embankment, and the bottom must also be excavated for lining, (if it be requisite.) \V hen puddle in-used, the material, (good clay mixed with a suitable quantity of gravel, if so directed by the En- gineer,) is to be laid on in layers not exceeding eight or nine inches in thickness; and this, well picked free from sods, stones, &c., shall be mixed, chopped, and worked with sufficient water, by vertical incisions with the shovel, not more than one inch apart, and trodden until the feet shall sink seven or eight inches at every step. The bottom of each course to be intimately blended with the top of the under one, and the lowest course similarly incorporated with the bottom of the trench. The puddling to be discontinued, when the Engineer considers the season unfavora- ablc. The embankment connecting the reaches of the new canal with those of the present, shall be constructe(' as above described ; and whenever suflicient materials for these, or other embankments, cannot be obtained from the ex- cavation of the pits or reaches, they shall be Iwrrowed from such places as the Engineer may direct. In rcr cent, will bo deducted, and also otiier deductions made, at tlic discretion of the I'higineor, as the depth of cut- ting, Icngtli of haul, and nature of tiie materials to Im? excavated, may varj-. Welland Canal Office, St. Catharines, Oct. 1, 1812. I mPEClFICATIO:^ OF THE LOCKS. TiiK Locks are to ho 1*2 feet iVom mitro to mitre, and 26 feet in the clear, l)otween tlio piers: the height of tiio side walls, 23 feet 6 inches ntx)ve the foiinclution floor : the upper and lower gates will be of the same size. In- stead nf the usual i)rpast wall, there will bo a rough rublde sIojjc wall, alwvo the stop gate sills, to support the Imitoin of the upper reach. The side walls of the ciminber arc to have in front, a batter of one inch to the foot ; tiio bwls and buikis of the courses are to be at right angles to the face, behind ; the walls will be vertical, for two- thirds of their height; thence will be din.inislied by steps, to four feet— the width of the coping— all the stones of which will be secured to each other, by iron clamps. The other dimensions, forms, heights and batters, may be seen by reference to the plans and sections. THE liOCK PIT Shall bo excavated about 2(V1 feet in length, and as wide as the Hngincer may direct, to contain the cham- ber, its walls and back puddle, on each side 3 feet in thickness; its depth to bo U feet below the bottom of the ca- nal, in the lower level. In all cases, care must be taken to keep the lock pits free from water until the mortar shall have sot. If solid rock should be met, in any of the foundations, the Engineer may consider it suflicient to excavate 1 foot below the mitro sill, except in the recesses, and 36 feet in width. The various parts of a timber Ibun.lation about to be described, will not then bo necessary; and in their stead, in the recesses, will be oak tim- bers, imbedded in beton, as may bo directed by the Engineer. The materials excavated from the pit, to be transported to such places, and disposed of in such manner, as he may direct. In rock, the pits will be excavated, with the sides vertical : in earth, with a slope of i to 1 : the removal of slides, pumping, &c., must bo executed at Ibo expense of the contractor. The price paid for excavation, must cover the cost of embankment behind the locks. PVDDIiE TRENCHES'. TiinFF. puddle trenches are to be dug across the pit ; their depth will depend on the nature of the soil : they are to be 3 feet wide, .50 feet long, incorporated witii the back puddle, which will extend the entire length of each wall. The puddling to consist of such materials as the Engineer shall direct, to be thoroughly mixed, kept wet, and ranunei' into the ditches and between the foundation timbers, if there l.e any interstices: the operation to be performed in every respect, as directed in the specilication for earth work. SHEET PIIilXG. TiiKRE are to be three courses of sheet piles, composed of 4 inch pine plank, extending across the lock, at the points designated on the plan, tongued and grooved, as there described ; the top to be well secured, by oak tre- nails, to the foundation timbers, and caulked and sawed oil', one inch above the lower surface of the 3 inch plunk, in a groove in which, they will be fitted with \vhito lead. THE FOUXDATIO.X TIMBERS To be squared or flattened, from pine timber large enough to wpiai. 12 inches ; to be 46 feet long, or so long as to extend iVom the back of one wall to that of the other: they will be placed side by side. The timbers froni the row of sheet piling to the hollow quoin, are to be of white oak; the others of pine— the former counterhewa on three sides, or, if necessary, jointed with a i)lane, so as to fit closely, throughout their entire length, and jire- sent, >i the top, a smooth and uniform surface : at intervals of five feet, they may be lastencd one to another by oak .nails, 21 inches by 2, passing quite through both ; they must then be carefully caulked, so as to render the whole perfectly water tight; they are also to be drawn and kept together by the three bolts, of 2 inch iron, run- ning quite through them and the scantling in front of the sheet piling. All the timbers must be counterhewn on the upper surface, so as to make an even bed for the floor, and on the under side, when, in the opinion of the En- gineer, necessary ■ they arc to be carefully bedded, and well rammed to their proper positions. THE FliOOR Is to consist of two courses— the lower of 3 inch pine plank, laid lengthwise; tiie upperof 2 inch, laid trans- versely ; the lower course to extend under the lock walls, and on it the masonry is to be raised ; they are both to bo nicely jointed, so as to make perfectly water tight joints, and in the intervals between the sheet piling and mi- tre sill, to bo well caulked, tongued and grooved. Every one of the lower planks is to be well trcnailed, every 3 feet, by a 2 inch oak trenail, passing ot least 6 inches into the foundation timbers. The upper course of planks will be fastened by 5 inch spikes, exceiit in the intervals above mentioned, where trenails will be used in both ]dauks. A 3 inch check course will be cut in the mitre sill, for the reception of the lower plunks, in which they will 1.0 iirmly fitted with white lead ; and also a rebate, for the chamfered edge of the chamber flooring. THE MITRElSilliliS Are to l.e of tl.e best white oak, IS by 18 inches, and 15 feet 2 inches long; they are to mitre at their ends, so that tl'.e coMluiued angle lormed by Ihe exterior of the gates, may be 126°, and to be framed and jointed, accor- ding lo the j.lan—a check 3 inches in depth, ha\ ing been cut out of the platform, (above described, as formed by the loiuidntiou timbers, well bolted and caulked,) corresponding to the mitre sills, and filled with patent felt, satu- r,-itr 15 by 18 inches, bulli'd u, tlio fi.uiidalion limhcr, in llio snmo manner as the mitre sill. The king post, nnd otiior parts, to bo laiii (iown, in ovory rosport as represented in the plan; tlic tenons to extend 7 in- ches into the main and mitre sills. All the timlier nnd plunking used in the work, to be of the first nualily, iVeo from winding, sap, shakes, unsound knots, and all other defects. MASOXRV. The face to be of cut stone ; the bark, of the iiest coursed rubble. All the stones, of which the walls arc to be l)uilt, shall be sound, free from seams, siiukes, veins, and all other imperfections. The height of the courses may vary from 12 inches to 24, at tl-.e dibcretion of the Engineer. The depth of the bed of the stretchers, shall not be less than H times the height of course, but in no instance less than 2 feet G inches; and in the alternate courses, so much more as will be necessary to form a bond of at least 9 inches, with the stones alwvo and below. The stretchers shall not be less than 21 feet long, on the face : the headers shall not be less thon 5 feet deep, nor less than 2 feet 6 inches long, on the face ; and shall be placed at intervals of not more than 8i feet from cen- tre to centre. The face of the headers t id stretchers generally, shnll be neatly and closely punched, or bush hammered, and have a chisel draft of one inch around the arrises : their top and bottom beds, and end joints, shall be dressed so truly as to make 4 inch joints for 18 inches from the face ; the remainder so as not to exceed i an inch joint : the stretchers must have the full dimensions for at least 2 feet, and the headers 3 feet 6 inches from the face ; for the remainder of their depth, they may be allowed to disminish moderately, at the discretion of the Engineer. Each stone of the face, shall break joints of at least 1 foot, with those on which it rests. The quoin stones shall be laid alternately, headers and stretchers; the former, at least 3 feet 6 inches face, and 5 feet bed ; the latter, at least 5 feet face, and 3 feet 6 inches bed. The coping shall not be les.s than 4 feet depth of bed, 16 inches height of course, nor less than three feet long. In the intervals between the headers of the face, shall be lieaders of the same dimensions, in the rubble work of tlie backing — all the stones of which shall be of large size, in courses corresponding to the face. The entire work shall be well bedded, bonded, and grouted ; and when the courses in front exceed 18 inches in height, those of the backing may be made up by two courses of 9 inches each — the other dimensions of the stones being large. The horizontal joints of the backing, shall not exceed J inch. The vertical shall not exceed li. The face to be laid in the best hydraulic cement ; the backing in the best common mortar — the lime to be pro- cured from such places as the Engineer may direct. The mortar for the backing masonry, shall be composed of clean sharp sand and good roach lime, and water, mixed in such proportions as the Engineer may direct, during the progresb of the work. The lime shall be fresh from the kiln, and not exposed to the ivcather until used ; and the materinls of which the mortar is composed, shall be intimately mixed, in a pug mill, and no more siiall be made than is sutlicient for the day's consumption. The grout shall consist of mortar as above described, with such addition of lime nnd water, as may be directed by tlie Engineer. The cement shall boused lor the depth of 2 feet 6 inches, and 3 feet 3 inches, in the alternate courses, from tiic face: it shall be composed of the best hydraulic lime, (from suoli places as the Engineer may designate,) not manufactured more than two months previous to the time of using, and clean sharp sand, in such proportions as may be directed by the I'^iigineer, and made in the manner before described for mcrtar : it shall l)e transported from the manufactory to the place where it is to be used, in tight casks, which will effectually prevent its injury from the weather ; and none shall be used that has been wet, or in any way damaged, nor until it shall have been tested and approved by the said Engineer, or some person under his direction. Tight houses shall be erected on the work, to protect the casks containing the lime, from the weather. If the Engineer shall so direct, no cement shall be made more than 3 hours before it is to be used; and the grouting for the vertical joints, shall be used immediately after it hos been made, and shall consist of hydraulic lime, without sand, if so directed ; and before it shall bo poured into the vertical joints of the cut work, these joints, where connected with the backing, must be filled with thick cement. Where tliv courses are inclined, after the thin grout shall have i)ecn poured in, the upper part must be filled with grout of a thicker description. In the backing, nochips nor sninll stones sliall be filled info any space, until the grouting shall have been poured in. Cranes shall be used, and every precaution taken to prevent the bond of the mortar from being bro- ken. There shall no' ^e more than one unfinished course, at any time. The Board of Works will obtain tiie right of quarry, in II\ia's quarry; but in every other case, the contractor must procure it for himself; and in ail coses, such service grounds as may be reiiuirjd by the contractors, during the execution of the work, whether at the work or quarries, must be procured by themselves. T!:e Board will, however, at all times invest the con- tractors with the power given by the act, for the obtaining of such. The stone, it is expected, can bo furnished from Ilutt's quarry — from which to Thorold, a railway has been constructed, by the Board of Works — to be kept in rc[)air at the expense of the contractors, by persons employ- ed under the direction of the Engineer. The contractors must agree to all arrangements which the Engineer may consider expedient for their mutual accommodation, and the waste materials from the quarries, must be dis- posed of as lie may direct. In all matters, as well those adverted to above, as those wliich hate not liecn noti- Lt,(l, the directions of the Engineer are to be complied with. Wklland Canal Office, St. Catharines, Oct. I, 1813.