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Those too lorge to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right end top to bottom, ee meny frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Lee cartee, planches, tableeux, etc., peuvent Atre filmte A dee taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grond pour Atre reproduit en un seul cllch*. 11 est film* A pertir de I'angle sup4rieur gauche, de geuche k droite, et de haut en bee, en prenent le nombre d'imeges nicessaire. Lee diegrammee suivants illustrent le mithode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 6 6 citt I 0110.3 ^^^^"'-'^ /^. <3k 4 NELSON AND SONS' KAKD-BOOKS. 7 ,{?■ / TUB 'ITY OF TORONTO: / ..w< 4Uu£(tL"at{tJ it):th (l^it*CS' ■ "^ ^^■ , +(4"'^ iA *■* I 1«IJ. 'ft*- «'».. i 'e. '■ OIIO.3 9r NELSOH ABD SOHS' E&ITB-BOOKS. THE CITY or TORONTO: .v« o M * .* .».■■-■/ from ^l^Qtosrap]^!;. 7 .V ij L 1^ M 1 TORONTO JAMES CAMPBELL, TORONTO STREET. MDOCCLX. .^mibii ^^L^ -J . ki >^ — F^iwf Ail ^i "■^i THE CITY OF TORONTO. HISTOBICAL SETBOSFECT. The City of Toronto, now so prominent among the chief towns of Canada, owes its existence, no less to the important natural position which it occupies, than to the enlightened foresight of John Graves Simcoe, Esq., the first Governor of Upper Canada. This enterprising and gallant soldier, with the true sagacity of a practical man, perceived that in order to promote the early and rapid settlement of Upper Canada, it would be necessary to make a breach in the forests at three separate and distinct points, leaving to the operation of time the filling up of the intermediate districts of country. His object was to found in each of these districts a city or town which would be a central focus of population, around which, with as wide a circumference as possible, he sought to scatter as many emigrants as liberal inducements might tempt to direct their steps thither. To the east a footing had already been mpde at '■r 6 HISTORICAL RETROSPECT. 1;^ 1::^ pt Kingston; to the west an active settlement at the "forks" of the Thames (or la Ti*auche) was projected; while Toronto (York), occupying a middle position between the two, was to be the seat of the newly established government, and the controlling centre of its operations. Other reasons induced the clear-minded Simcoe to fix upon the present site of Toronto as the seat of his colonial capital. Situated at the head of the great land portage lying between Lakes Ontario and Huron, via Lake Simcoe, he foresaw that as that route must ultimately be the principal highway of commerce to the broad waters of the upper lakes, and thence to the west, a city at its southern termination could not fail to be influential and prosperous. His own prominence and success in Border warfare suggested to him, too, the necessity of fixing this commercial capital sufficiently distant from the frontier lines of the province, to prevent the growth of those irritable and jealous feelings so destructive to com- mercial prosperity, which a nearer proximity to the powerful republic might engender. The spacious har- bour, containing an abundant depth of water, aflForded protection to lake vessels of every tonnage, and would thus ensure the permanent growth, as well as form the basis, of the prosperity of the future city. With such views, and in full reliance upon the ultimate success of what was then deemed to be his too sanguine projects of colonization and commerce, Governor Simcoe directed the first tree to be felled, and the lines to be run which would mark out the boundaries of the future City of the Lakes. HISTORICAL RETROSPECT. Glancing backward now through the threescore years which have intervened since the spot on which Toronto stands was a wilderness, we can scarcely appreciate the difficulties which surrounded the project of the undaunted Simcoe. No inland settlement farther from the frontier lines than Newark (Niagara) itself— a dense forest lining the shores of the lake from Niagara to the old French Fort at Frontenac — a flat, uninteresting site surrounded by marsh and woodland, and destitute alike of cliff or headland, which, in those stirring, military times, was considered an essential natural aid in provid- ing for the defence of an infant capital — situated so far away, as the projected site was, from the seat of British naval power at the foot of the lake ; — objections such as these, and many more, were urged by the interested and the timid, against the persevering and chivalrous Simcoe, backed as they were by the powerful opinion of the Governor-General, Lord Dorchester, himself; and he had long to contend, almost single-handed, in favour of his cherished scheme to build up here, on the shores of Lake Ontario, a new and permanent seat of British power in the province. Better counsels at length prevailed; and in May 1793, hia Excellency, Governor Simcoe, left Newark (Niagara) for York Bay, and feel- ing his way round the head of the lake, soon reached the spot destined to be the site of his new capital. Operations were soon commenced, and a site for the Government Buildings selected. Surveyor-General Bouchette, of Lower Canada, was directed to make a survey of the harbour, with a view to its improvement and defence. His own account of this duty presents I 5 fT 9 HISTORICAL RETROSPECT. SO admirable a picture of the place and times that we give a short extract, as follows : — " It fell to my lot to make the first survey of York Harbour in 1793. I still distinctly recollect the untamed aspect which the country exhibited, when first I entered the beautiful basin, which thus became the scene of my early hydrographical operations. Dense and trackless forests lined the margin of the lake, and reflected their inverted images in its glassy surface. The wandering savage had constructed his ephemeral habitation beneath their luxuriant foliage — the group then consisting of two families of Mis- sassagas, — and the bay, and neighbouring marshes, were the hitherto uninvaded haunts of wild fowl ; indeed, they were so abundant as in some measure to annoy us during the night. In the spring fol- lowing, the Lieutenant-Governor removed to the site of the new capital, attended by the regiment of Queen's Rangers, and commenced at once the realization of his favourite project. His Excellency inhabited, dur- ing the summer and through the winter, a canvas house which he imported expressly for the occasion; but, frail as was its substance, it was rendered exceedingly comfortable, and soon became as distin- guished for the social and urbane hospitality of its venerated and gracious host, as for the peculiarity of its structure." Notwithstanding the unpromising aspect of the place the trees were soon cleared, and the outlines of a town traced upon the spot where the wigwams of the Missas- sagas had so lately stood. The soldiers of Simcoe's old SEAT OP GOVEBNMENT. d !8 that we jr of York )llect the ,ed, when us became •perations. [in of the its glassy •ucted his nt foliage !S of Mis- marshes, rild fowl ; 3 measure pring fol- o the site f Queen's zation of lited, dur- a canvas occasion ; rendered ,s distin- ty of its iliarity of regiment (the Queen's Rangers) were employed both to clear the site, and to erect the Governor's residence. The eastern end of the bay was selected for the Parlia- ment Buildings and private dwellings ; but the Govern- ment House itself was erected on an eminence near the River Don, and called Castle Frank — a name which the property retains to this day. After selecting the site, the first care of the Governor was to provide facilities for transporting merchandise by way of York to the upper lakes. A road was accord- ingly surveyed, leading directly from the capital to Holland Landing, Lake Simcoe. By the aid of the gallant Rangers, this highway, now known as Yonge Street, was soon opened up, and has since continued to be the leading thoroughfare northward from the city. The construction of the Northern Railway is but an evidence of the far-seeing sagacity of Governor Simcoe* in this matter. By means of this route he sought to avoid, on the one hand, the portage of Niagara and the long and dangerous passage up Lake Erie, and, on the other, the no less tedious and intricate route of the Ottawa River. SEAT OF GOVESNMENT. In 1797 the Legislature, which had hitherto assembled at Newark (Niagara), were called together for the first * Colonel John Graves Simcoe was born in England in 1752. He entered the army at the age of nineteen, and commanded tlie Queen's Rangers (Hussars) during the American revolutionary war. In 1792, he was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, and of St. Domingo in 1796, and a Lieutenant- General in 179S. He died on his return to England, in 1806, aged fifty-four years. ^ ¥ - II ' m. if i .) I 10 WAR OF 1812. time at York, the new capital, and the seat of govern- ment was formally transferred thither. WAB OF 1812. After the departure of its founder, the new capital progressed slowly but quietly, until the stirring times of the war of 1812. In that year it had less than 900 inhabitants ; and the defences of the place were in so frail a condition, that the American invading army considered it one of the most vulnerable points of attack in the whole province. At this critical period, however, the Glengarry militia came nobly to the rescue, and behaved most gallantly in its defence. The enemy were strong in numbers, and anxious to acquit them- selves with their usual bravery. They were led by General Pike, a young and gallant soldier. Entering with enthusiasm the outer defences of the fort, which they carried by a coup de main, their farther advance was suddenly checked by the explosion of the magazine, which, by a preconcerted arrangement, was thus pre- vented from falling into their hands. By this terrible stratagem, 300 of the attacking force, including its in- trepid leader, were either killed or wounded. But they still pressed on; and although the handful of brave defenders disputed every inch of ground, they were at length compelled to capitulate. In doing so, they ob- tained honourable terms for the inhabitants. In July of the same year, the town was again at- tacked, and suffered a good deal. Although, owing to the bravery of our Canadian arms, and the heroism of the troops and militia, it was not afterwards molested, jf govern- ew capital ring times less than ce were in ding army points of !al period, the rescue, ["he enemy [uit them- ire led by Entering rt, which Ir advance agazine, thus pre- s terrible ng its in- But they of brave were at they ob- AFTER THE WAR— ORIGINAL BOUNDARIES. 11 still, in common with other parts of the province, it felt for a long time the untoward effects of war. AFTER THE WAS. After peace had been proclaimed and quietness fully restored, the infant capital began slowly, but steadily, to advance. In 1820, the present Parliament Houses and other public buildings were erected; so that, in a year or two afterwards, Toronto contained about 250 houses, and a population of nearly 1,500. In 1830, these numbers had alni^'-t doubled; and in 1834, the population was nearly 10,000. OHIGIKAL BOUNDARIES. Up to 1833 the boundaries of the town were very limited. At the west they extended no farther than New Street (now called Nelson Street). At the north they reached no higher than Lot Street (now called Queen Street). Berkeley Street was the limit at the east, and the bay the boundary at the south. All the more important shops and private residences were included in these limits ; but so rapidly had the place spread itself to the west, and expanded to the north, that in the year 1834 the town of York was incorporated as the first city in Upper Canada, its name changed from that of York to the more beautiful one of Toronto,* and its original boundaries enlarged * Either from the Mohawk word De-on-do, "Trees in the water," descriptive of tlie appearance of tlie island, or from Toronto, " the place of meeting " of the tribes. Some say Toronto was the name of a noted Indian chief. H V|9 ■J fe; 1 t> •: li 12 SITUATION AND APPEAEANCB. to their present dimensions. The city was also divided into five wards, called respectively after the patron saints of England, Ireland, Scotland, "Wales, and Canada. Two more wards have since been formed out of parts of the old ones, namely, St. James and St. John. PRESENT CONDITION. From the period of its incorporation, Toronto has rapidly increased both in wealth and population. Its growth has been steady rather than fitful; and its public buildings are marked by an air of substantial elegance which is alike a credit to the city, as they are themselves characteristic of the commercial stand- ing of its merchants and the stability of its monied institutions. At present Toronto contains about 7,000 public and private buildings, and a population of nearly 50,000. The assessed value of property is not far from 7,000,000 dollars, or a million and a half sterling. In 1856 it was 6,102,316 dollars. The yearly civic income and expenditure amount to about 300,000 dollars. SITUATION AND APPEARANCE. Although not a picturesque city, Toronto is most agreeably situated. The handsome bay, forming its southern front or boundary, gives it, as a lake port, gr^at commercial advantages, besides adding to the general appearance of the city, which it is hoped will not be lessened by the recent breaches in the island break- water. The view from the western entrance to the har- bour and from the island is varied and striking. The spires and cupolas of its public buildings afford a LEADING OBJECTS OP INTEREST. Id most agreeable diversity to the distant outline of the city, and mark it as a place of wealth and enterprise. From the cupola of the St. Lawrence Hall at the south, and from that of the Educational Department and the new University at the north, the view is both extensive and animating. The long lines of houses, and the rect- angular blocks of buildings, intersected by streets run- ning towards the four cardinal points of the compass, with here and there a handsome church or an elegant edifice, strike the eye of the stranger with an agreeable surprise. The two main arteries of the city (King and Yonge Streets) crossing each other at right angles, divide Toronto into four large sections, (each with its centre of business and interest), and mark the extent of this beautiful and growing city. LEADING OBJECTS OF INTEBEST. In order to take a rapid glance at the chief objects of interest in Toronto, the stranger may follow each of the streets or main arteries of the city, which run north and south, east and west, cutting each other at right angles, diverging here and there as inclination or curi- osity may decide. Starting from the foot of Yonge Street, northwards from the bay, the most striking objects we meet are the Custom House, the Banks of Montreal and British North America (both haiidsome buildings), and the City Bank of Montreal; then "Wellington Street, and on either hand the City Hall, Chief Wholesale Houses, the Commercial Bank of Canada, and the Edinburgh Life Assurance Company's Building. Passing King Street, lit 'CW, :>«i ! u LEADING OBJECTS OF INTEREST. / we reach Adelaide, Richmond, and Temperance Streets, with their Churches, Court House, and Mechanics' In- stitute, &c. ; then Queen Street, on which, to the east, is Cooke's Church, and, to the west, Knox's Church, the Law Courts (Osgoode Hall), and the entrance to the Col- lege Avenue ; farther on, St. Patrick and St. Andrew's Markets, the Church of St. George, Trinity College University, and, at tlie extreme end, the massive pro- portions of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum, and the new and beautiful Crystal Palace. Again, continu- ing up Yonge Street, we pass the Church of the Holy Trinity, two adjacent Schools, and other Churches, until we reach Goold Street, off which, on a site of eight acres, stands the elegant building, with its hand- some grounds, of the Educational Department, and its Normal and Model Schools. South of this, on the corner of Goold and Victoria Streets, stands a Presby- terian Church, and, on Victoria Street, one of the hand- some Ward Schools. Opposite the Normal School, on Bond Street, are a Lutheran Church, a Baptist Church, and the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. Michael, with its adj oining Episcopal Residence and Schools. Farther up Yonge Street stands Clover Hill, with St. Michael's College, and the Roman Catholic Church of St. Basil. At the head of the city limits of Yonge Street, we pass into the retired suburban village of Yorkville, the private Buildings, Churches, and School-house of which are both neat and elegant. The view of the bay and city from this point is very striking. Again, entering the city from another point, viz., the western end of King Street, the first as well as oldest ce Streets, lanics' In- ) the east, hurch, the to the Col- Andrew's ty College Lssive pro- 1, and the , continu- ■ the Holy Churches, I a site of 1 its hand- iit, and its is, on the a Presby- ;he hand- School, on t Church, lael, with Farther yiichael's Basil. At pass into e private i^hich are and city .^jc«b>< -tf: S^n%,, -::. .■\. r.. w ■ '.-'¥' / ■ '*'.fef'5-^i5^j,;ap :-Wi. . \t\ iSj. Hi^'* m ■m itj;- ■^ («! ^■^ ^. ■ C!«,)<)k Chatch, oiuj, to ihe west, Knox's Church, the Law Onrti" lOgoodo iUill). and the entrance to the. Ool- . lejk, and other Churche-, uuti* '^v^Ve^M'h Goold Strf-et, off which, on a sit© of e:ght acre??, «i?ind3 the elegant bnilding, with itP harsd- mvac gT'-Mindfl, of th!.- EdiKatiojj;;! D«:'part n»ent, and Hs* Konnal and Moddl Schooia. youth of thif, on the comer of Goold and Victoria ►^Jtreets, standi a Preahy- tC'riaii Church, and, oa Victoria Stree^^, ort^ of the hand- «omf Ward Schools. Opx>osite the Norniai S<-hool, on Bond Street, are a Lutheiau Church, a Baptijjt Cburcli, and the Roman Catholic Catlicdral of vSt. Michael, with its adjoining Episcorml llesidetice aad School^. Farther -up Yonge Street ^taiid.s Clover Hdl, with ^t. Mici!;V3l's^ College, and the Roman Catholic Church of ISt. Basil. At tlie bead of the city iiuiiTK of Yonge Street^ we pa^s into the retired Buhiii-bau village of ^''orkville, tlie pri'^ate BuiMings, Ch.irchea, a: :^ School house of which are Ijoth neat and elegant. The view of the bay' and city from this point fs very si j iking. .'V^aja, entering the city froai anotiier point, v'X, the V, » "iHm eTid of King Streel-, the first as well as oldest ^Ui r-^Jsm, :ir:'.'*' % .s-..r-^- m 1 Sf"" ' >'\ jKVi'^ J '^. »^ ^^ Mt 31 '^ pOHll; IpESlI^ "i i I ?0^m'' ' m Of gri Vi ac .....'x/' -^•-^: :^ 7 LEADING OBJECTS OF INTEREST. 15 I ' public building which we see in the neighbourhood is the old Hospital, since converted into Government Offices ; then Upper Canada College, a City School, and the venerable old Government House, with its beautiful grounds. South of the Vice-regal Residence, and on the bay shore, stand the Parliament Buildings, with the Upper and Lower Houses, Parliamentary Library, and adjoining public offices, now to be converted to other uses. Again, down King Street, we pass the exten- sive Rossin House Hotel, with its spacious rooms and handsome shops, the elegant Romain Buildings, and the mansion of William Cawthra, Esq. From this point, till we reach the St. Lawrence Hall, the shops are numerous, and many of them fitted up with great taste, and regard for exterior decoration. (See the Engraving of King Street.) The Post Office, Masonic Buildings, and shops in Toronto Street, are very hand- some. Farther on. Church Street takes its name from the Episcopal Cathedral of St. James, St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, and St. Michael's Cathedral. Passing this street, we reach the St. Lawrence Hall, with its fine Market and shops underneath. Towards the eastern end of the street, we pass Trinity Episcopal Church, and close by the Roman Catholic Church of St. Paul. Farther on to the east, at a curve of the bay, stand the County Jail and the old Windmill (from which our view of the city is taken), beyond which, at a short distance from the city, are being erected the new City Jail, &c. If we choose, we may now pass to the island which lies outside the harbour and opposite to the city. From -•f' 16 ASSURANCE OR INSURANCE OFFICES. this point the view of the city is interesting rather than striking J but it presents a very agreeable variety to the eye of the stranger. We should not omit to mention the very pleasant drives which the citizens daily enjoy in the beautiful College Avenue, and along the retired shores of the Humber Bay. : SKETCHES OF THE FBINCIFAL PUBLIC EDIFICES, AND OTHER MATTERS OF INTEBEST, k ARRANQED IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER. ASSURANCE or INSURANCE OFFICES. There are about twenty-five of these oifices, but as yet few have permanent office-buildings. Edinhiirgh Life Assurance Company. — The building for the offices of this Company is the finest of the kind in the city. It adjoins the Commercial Bank, Welling- ton Street, and is of white brick, with a very beautiful Ohio and Malone stone front. The interior partakes of the ornamented Norman, and is handsomely finished. The City Registrar's Office is on the ground floor, and the Company's Offices on the first floor. Secretary, David Higgins, Esq. Architects, Messrs Cumberland and Storm. Cost of building, 20,000 dollars. Head Office, 22 George Street, Edinburgh. Canada Western Assurance Company. — The fine building erected by this Company stands on the corner of Church and Colborne Streets. It is also of white ''' \ l l l >u BANKS. 17 mck, with a handsome stone front. B. Haldan, Esq., (Manager. British American Assurance Company. — This old and Irespectable Company has its offices in a plain building on the corner of Church and Court Streets. Managei-, |t. W. Birchall, Esq. Provincial Insurance Company. — The offices of this I Company are in a handsome building on the corner of Toronto and Court Streets. BANKS. There are ten Banks, as follows : — Bank of Upper Canada, corner of Duke and George Streets. This is the oldest Bank in Upper Canada. It was incorporated in 1821. The building was erected in 1826, from designs by the Hon. Dr. Baldwin. It is plain but substantial. Commercial Bank of Canada, Wellington Street, opposite Jordan Street. The style of architecture is Italian, from designs by Messrs. W. Thomas and Sons. The front is of stone. The centre has an enriched para- pet, surmounted by a globe, &c. The building is a very handsome one. The cost was 14,400 dollars. Bank of British NoHh America, corner of Yonge and Wellington Streets. This fine building is of cut stone, over the principal entrance to which are the royal arms richly cut in stone, which give to the exterior an imposing appearance. Architect, Mr. J. G. Howard. Bank of Montreal, corner of Yonge and Front Streets. This is a handsome cut-stone building of the Palladian style of architecture, designed by Mr. K. Tully. The entrance is through an Ionic portico. A neat iron railing surrounds the building. Cost, 16,000 dollars, B M 18 CABS— CATHEDRAL OP ST. JAMES. City Bank of Montreal stands on the corner of Youge and Wellington Streets, opposite the Bank of Britisli North America. It is a plain stuccoed building. CABS. Of these there are several stands. The principal are, — Foot of Church Street (at King Street) ; opposite the Rossin House and on York Street ; Queen Street at Yonge Street. These cabs are licensed by the Corporation, and are governed by certain regulations. CANADA COMPANY OFFICE is on King Strec^ East. The Company was incorporated in 1826. The lands it has for sale are chiefly in the counties of Huron, Perth, and Bruce. Frederick Widder, Esq., is the Chief Commissioner, and the Hon. W. B. Robinson, Assistant. CANADIAN INSTITUTE, York Chambers, Court Street. This Institute was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1851, for tho promotion of physical science, the industrial arts, raid the dissemination of knowledge, &c. The Institute possesses a good Library, and pub- lishes the Canadian Journal — Editor, Dr. Wilson. There are about 650 members. In the winter, weekly meetings are held. President, the Hon. Geo. Wm. Allan. CATHEDRAL OF ST. JAMES (Protestant Epis- copal). This noble structure stands up'~ i the corner of Church and King Strt is, and is the four^l. vj ' lurch which has stood upon the same site. jlIil lirst was of wood, and was erected in 1803. This building was en- larged and improved in 1818 ; but in 1832 it was taken down and replaced by a second one of stone, capable f holdiag nearly 2000 persons. This edifice was d(stioyed by fve in 1839; but a third church was 53. . mer of Yonge Qk of British ilding. stands. The King Street) ; treet ; Queen sensed by the regulations. King Street I 1826. The ies of Huron, , is the Chief )n, Assistant, nbers, Court id by Royal sical science, f knowledge, ry, and pub- Dr. Wilson, nter, weekly Geo. Wm. stant Epis- \e corner of >'^'hurch rst was of ing was en- ; was taken ne, capable edifice was hurch was i I <* ■■•■-^■4/»c.^4.i4ii; . k ^^mi :M' ...,..„. ■ ^^ s .. 1 ifl riATtS — P A Tini",T>T? A T, (\V ST. .TAMF.S. V. •'> .<.; •fiT/^:" .*. ■•? ; t'" iUi .4 .11 i.<; ^.Vi n^ .]i n^v- »?:,» li' .V»>4- i V * »> IT'I:!^. .y .*f, './ t^.'-r*^ "jK ■{•■t: at*.! -Tf- ■-■-;lf- i?; hi !V)l' ;.■!.. l>"t X'i^^^'i 4 '* : .;ii- ;y t-l^. ii ■ •!' /ii'nii^ ?hk- -iK. JPT' ^*, f ■ K..:'Mi^'.t;i, A.^?f>j4taitt ) ' 1 X ». . i ;' ;?i '7 ,ii M !t.' .:<.ii ■1;.' v'l ;/v ./i • <■.(. ■"he - <^re p>: }\\i t'^-;"' j.'V i'^ V-v i;i tik' V ;^tri',Vr>iJki:^ r.,i"^!;'-;i.< ivi-e hdcl Pre'sidmit' '♦■•^ "H'. 'W.. i T>*1 •0 V*^] .' ? T'W ( ilvurcK iviid K ' ^K i-Xvmi-^^ ^.y-: \-n ilj<; t'onria parkh {liitiinc-' whl'dx hiu< fUvv' ; upon ta<- j^u . -i't^; 1'iu^- I'uvh*: wi^ iars^'fl iiad in^imived i^^ 'Hb . ^> iu 1 « •• 'A « J' "I VJiS 1*1 •: V •\ cijmb' 5' JAMES CAT H ED R AL -TO RO NTO. fr n CATHEDRAL OF ST. MICHAEL. 19 immediately afterwards erected in its place. Ten years subsequently, the same fate befell this church ; and in 1849 the corner-stone of the present enlarged and beautiful edifice was laid. The designs were furnished by Mr. F. W. Cumberland. The style adopted is that of the early English Gothic. In the interior are side aisles, nave, galleries, organ loft, chancel, and the usual vestry rooms. The transepts are not yet finished. The extreme length of the Cathedral is 200 feet by 115 feet wide. The interior is 111 feet long by 75 feet wide. The height from the nave to the centre of the handsome open ceiling or roof is 70 feet, and from the aisles to the cornice 35 feet. The tower and spire, when finished, will be 275 feet. The chancel is a semi-octagon in form, of a depth of 42 feet, each side being pierced by windows of the transition period, with rich and varied tracery. The whole of the chancel has carved panels beneath the windows, the altar piece forming a centre, and the ceiling groined with enriched ribs, carved bosses, &c. The pews are of Gothic character, with cut and enriched bench ends. The church is intended to accommodate 2000 persons ; and the cost, exclusive of the tower and spire, was about 64,000 dollars. From the erection of the first church, up to 1812, the vener- able the Archdeacon of Kingston, Rev. George Okill Stuart, D.D., was Rector. The present Bishop of Toronto (the Right Rev. Dr. Strachan) held the office from June 1812, till he resigned in 1839, on his being created Bishop of Toronto, in favour of the Rev. H. J. Grasett, B.D., the present Rector. (See Engraving.) CATHEDRAL OF ST. MICHAEL (Roman Catho- j 20 CATHEDRAL OF ST. MICHAEL. lie), corners of Church, Shuter, and Bond Streets, with an entrance on Bond Street. This is the largest church in Toronto, and is capable of accommodating about 3000 persons. It is in the early decorated style of English Gothic architecture, built of white brick and cut-stone dressings, of fine bold proportions, being 200 feet in length by 90 feet in width, and, with the tran- septs, making a total width of 115 feet exterior dimen- sions. Its bold, rich style of architecture, combined with great simplicity of form, gives grandeur in general effect; the windows are large, and filled with rich tracery of great variety, the eastern window of seven lights being 36 feet high and 18 feet wide ; the transepts have fine large rose windows, with rich canopied niches in the gables. The building is wholly under one roof, forming in the interior a nave 170 feet long, 40 feet wide, and 66 feet in height, with piers and arches, trifonium and rich ceiling. The side aisles are 180 feet long by 20 feet wide, and 48 feet high, with a gallery at the west end. The building was commenced in the year 1845, and finished in 1847. The interior is under- going a thorough renovation, and will be richly finished in the course of a year or two. The tower and spire, which are not yet completed, will be 250 feet high, of a rich character ; the parapet of the tower has in the centre of each face a niche, designed for a statue of St. Michael, &;c. Estimated cost, 80,000 dollars. The Bishop's House, or Palace, nearly adjoining the north side of the Cathedral, is built in a style of archi- tecture to correspond with the Cathedral, and has a good effect. Both were erected from the designs and under ' T :$(> \1< i '*%„< ,1 A i I (. .\ ^ »y CATT!Kr,;TtAt OF BT. ^nClIAJ'T- I '■■•I 'Ir B^ lie), o>;?W'rf>; of Cluirch, ^I'liuter, ait'I Bund Streets, vn.th ap pntrance un ii^ThJ f'tr?X't. This is the largest c.burch ui Torunt^>, f^! .lUo of iiccomoiocTatii g at' E«|4ijsh O'.afti** >>"M'.«<'UU'e, l:iuilt uj wi:iti' brick and (Hrt-KtvtJWtj drt^jwi'jjir.-sj. v €i>t; I.oW |>}«>)w j-tiuRs, Ivio;^ 2(X) ife:t t» ir); t1i ly f^ ■'ij; ^. in \vii(il:, a.jd, ^vita the trau- :*!|*tffi,.nii^/i!n;4 a ••>v^.i vvif ^. '.i ! >'"}! ah dollttra,^ The Bighop's House, or Palace, nearly adjoining the ■ north sj'io !>f the Catfiedrpl, m built- iu a 8tyh^ of ardhi- ; , toeture to correajjond wii-h the C^dhcdra), and haa «. good ;.*Mfeet. Both were erected from tiie designs and under *^ L T s • M 1 L H A L I ■ s : A [ H I n i; ft I : n H n N I Mk CEMETERIES — SUPEBINTENDENT OF EDUCATION. 21 the superintendence of Messrs. W. Thomas and Sons, Architects, A handsome School at the north of the Palace has since been erected. It is under the direction of the Christian Brothers. The Right Rev. Dr. Power, who was the first Roman Catholic Bishop, was succeeded in 1849 by the present occupant of the Episcopate, the Right Rev. Fran§ois Mary, Count de Charbonnel. The Very Rev. J. M. Bruy^re, Vicar-Gcncral, is Rector of the church. CEMETERIES. St. James, head of Parliament Street, contains G5 acres, and is well laid out. It is under the control of the Church of England. The Necro2)olis, on the banks of the Don River, near Parliament Street. It contains about 16 acres neatly laid out, and is not under the controlof any denomination. Borrian Catholic Cemeteries are on Power Street, and one two miles up Yonge Street. The Military Burying-Gi'ound is at the west end, near the garrison. CHANCERY COURT. See Osgoode Hall. CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. The remaining Charitable Institutions, not otherwise described in this book, are, — The Public Nursery, Female Protection So ciety (for Emigrants), Magdalene Asylum, General Dispensary and Lying-in Hospital, Home for Friend- less Boys, Industrial Farm, Elgin Association and Ladies' Association for the Relief of Coloured Fugi- tives, the National Societies, &c. Chief superintendent of education FOR UPPER CANADA. Office, on Goold Street, in the Normal School Buildings. (See Engraving.) :'|i SIS' CHURCHES. i i : CHURCHES. The following are the principal Churches of the city : — PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL. 1. Parish Church of St. James. See Cathedral. 2. Trinity Church, a neat brick Gothic edifice, "with a bell tower, at the east end of the city, on King Street. It was opened in 1844, and will accommodate 400 persons. It has an organ and a gallery. The Rev. Alexander Sanson is the present Incumbent. 3. Church of the Holy Trinity, Alice Street, off Yonge Street. This church was erected in accordance with the wishes of an anonymous donor in the Diocese of Ripon, England, who, in 1847, generously placed ^5000 in the hands of the Bishop of Toronto for this purpose. The style is early English, and the shape cruciform. It is 156 feet long in th*;- interior; across the nave 53 feet; and across the transepts 91 feet. The organ is in one of the transepts. It will accommodate 1000 persons. The sittings are entirely free. The Rev. Dr. Scadding is the Incumbent. 4. *S'^. George's Church, John Street, was erected in 1844 from designs by Mr. H. B. Lane. Its style is the early English; and the spire, which is 160 feet in height, is very graceful and elegant. The church will accommodate 900 persons. It has a good organ. The Rev. Dr. Lett is the Incumbent. 5. St. Stephen^s Church, College Street, west of Spadina Avenue. This church was built in 1858, and is a monument of individual liberality. It was erected at the sole expense of Robert B. Denison, Esq., of CHURCHES. 23 Toronto, at a cost of 10,000 dollars. It is in the pointed English style of the 13th century. Including the chancel it is 100 feet long by 34 feet wide in the interior, and will accommodate 400 persons. Mr. Thomas Fuller is the Architect. The Rev. J. W. M'CoUum, M.A., is the Incumbent 6. St. John the Evangelist's Church, a recent erection on Victoria Square West. It is a handsome wooden edifice, and will seat 600 persons. It cost about 1600 dollars. Architect, Mr. William Hay. The Rev. T. S. Kennedy is the Incumbent. 7. St. PauTs Church, Yorkville. This is now in pro- cess of erection. The old building was of wood, and is now being superseded by a handsome brick edifice. It is cruciform in shape, and is designed in the early decorated Gothic style. Including the chancel, it is 86 feet long inside by 40 feet wide, and will seat about 700 persons. The tower and spire will be 85 feet high. Architects, the Messrs. Radford. Total cost, 16,000 dollars. The Rev. Mr. Givens is the Inf;umbent. ROMAN CATHOLIC. .1. St. MichaeVs. See Cathedral. 2. *S'^. Paul's Church, a neat brick church with a spire, on Power Street (after Bishop I'ower), at the east end of the city. It was erected in 1823, and was long considered a fine building. 3. St. Manjs Church was erected on Bathurst Street, at the west end of the city, in 1851. It was enlarged and improved in 1851 It is a neat, plain structure. Connected with it is a School and a Convent. n 24 CHURCHES. 4. St. BasiVs Church, connected with St. Michael's College, Clover Hill, was erected in 1856. It is 135 feet long by 60 feet wide, and stands upon a beautiful site. Its architecture is of the pointed style which prevailed in England in the thirteenth century. The lowest spire is light and graceful. Architect, Mr. William Hay. See Colleges. PRESBYTERIAN. 1. St. Andrew's (Church of Scotland), corner of Church and Adelaide Streets. The structure was erected in 1830. In 1840 it was enlarged and improved, and a handsome spire added. The Kev. Dr. Barclay is the Minister. 2. Knox's Church (Free Presbyterian), Queen Street West. The tower and spire of this church are very much admired for their graceful proportions. The building is of white brick, and is designed in the early decorated !£inglish Gothic style, with handsome tra- ceried windows at the sides, and a stained glass rose one at the end. The pulpit, canopy, and screen are highly decorated. The exterior length of the church is 104 feet by 70 feet wide. It will accommodate 1300 persons. Messrs. W. Thomas and Sons were the Architects. The total cost, including the bell, was 24,000 doUaf-s. The Rev. Alexander Topp, A.M., is the present Minister. The Rev. Dr. Burns was Minister from 1846 till 1856, when he was appointed Professor of Church History in Knox's College. 3. Cooke's Church (Free Presbyterian), corner of Queen and Mutual Streets. This church was also designed sen Tr CHURCHES. Iff by Messrs. W. Thomas and Sous, and is in the Lombard style of the 12th ceii * ury. It is of white brick, and has two towers and spires in front, each 112 feet high. Outside, the church is 102 feet long by 66 feet wide. It will seat about 900 persons, and is named after the Rev. Dr. Cooke of Belfast. Cost, 16,000 dollars. The Rev. William Gregg, M.A., is the Minister. 4. First United Presbyterian Churchy corner of Richmond and Bay Streets. This neat church, erected in 1848, from designs by Messrs. W. Thomas and Sons, is in the perpendicular English Gothic style of archi- tecture. It is of white brick, and has a square tower at the west end, with octagonal termination and pin- nacles. It will seat 900 persons, and cost 12,000 dollars. The Rev. Dr. Jennings is the Minister. 5. Second United Preshijterian Churchy corner of Victoria and Goold Streets, is of white brick, and is in the later pointed style of English architecture. It was erected in 1857, and has a handsome tower and spire, covered with slate, 160 feet high. The building is 80 feet long by 42 feet wide in the inside. Messrs. Wi Thomas and Sons were the Architects. Cost, 13,200 dollars. The Rev. Dr. Taylor is the Minister. 6. Reformed Presbyterian Church, corner of James and Louisa Streets, is a neat frame rough-cast build- ing, with cupola and arched windows. It was designed by Mr. Joseph Sheard in 1852, and cost about 4000 dollars. It seats 450 persons. METHODIST.* 1. Wesley an, Adelaide Street. This plain brick church * The ministers of these charches are continually changing. I il ^3S, / CHURCHES. was erected in 1832. It is 75 feet long by 55 feet wide, and will seat about 1,200 persons. 2. Wesleyan, Richmond Street. This is the largest and finest Methodist church in Toronto. It is of brick, and is 85 feet long by 65 feet, exclusive of the portico. It cost 14,000 dollars, and, with its extensive galleries, will seat 2,500 persons. 3. Wesleyan, Berkeley Street. This is a recent erec- tion, and is a neat frame building. 4. Wesleyan, Queen Street. This fine building is designed in the Norman style by Messrs. Cumberland and Storm. It has a rose window and bell cote in front. 6. Wesleyan, Elm Street. This church was designed by Mr. Sheard. The walls are covered with cement, and done in imitation of stone. It is 88 feet long by 47 feet wide, and is surmounted by a cupola. It will seat 900 persons. 6. Wesleyan, Yorkville, This elegant church was erected in 1854, and is designed in the Gothic style, with traceried window and a handsome bell tower and spire. It is of white brick, and cost 16,000 dollars. 7. New Connexion, Temperance Street. This hand- some church is in the Gothic style of architecture, and is 85 feet long by 45 feet wide. It was erected in 1846. 8. Primitive, Alice Street. This neat church, designed by Mr. Sheard, is 70 feet long by 43 feet wide, with a tower 90 feet high. It will seat 700 persons, and cost 12,800 dollars. 9 and 10. African. One on Richmond, and the other on Sayer Street. They are each about 40 feet long by 30 feet wide. SPBWS ■ •ifsu se^'^^—Z' CHURCHES. CONGREGATIONAL. fi7 1. Zion Chapel, corner of Adelaide and Bay Streets. This striking and graceful building was erected in 1856 on the site of a former chapel, which was burned down in 1855. It is in the Lombard style, and of white brick, with stone dressings. It is 95 feet long by 60 feet wide. The tower and spire are much admired. They are 166 feet high. The interior is fitted up with stained wood, and the roof is partly open. Total cost, 17,200 dollars. The Rev. T. S. Ellerby is the Pastor. 2. Second Congregational Chapel, Richmond Street. This building was not erected by the Congregationalists, but was successively occupied by the Episcopal Metho- dists and by the United Presbyterians. It is plain and rough-cast, and has recently been enlarged and im- proved. It will seat 300 persons. The Rev. F. H. Mar- ling is the Pastor. BAPTIST. 1. Bond Street Chapel. This very neat building of white brick was erected in 1848. It has been recently enlarged and improved. The shape is like the letter T. 2. Alice Street Chapel. This is a handsome new octagon chapel which has just been opened. 3. Baptist Disciples^ Chapel, a small, plain building on Shuter Street, of which Mr. James Beaty is Pastor. 4 and 5. African Baptist and Union Baptist Chapels. Two plain structures, one on the corner of Queen and Victoria Streets, — the other, corner of Terauley and Edward Streets. The Rev. Messrs. A. Lorimer, A.B., and R Dick, are the Pastors. ''n\ i 28 CITY HALL. !| MISCELLANEOUS. 1. Holy Catholic Ajjostolic Church (Irvingite), a plain, neat building on Bay Street. The Eev. George Ryerson is the officiating Priest. 2. Reformed German Church, a neat structure on Bond Street. The Rev. Mr. Rechenberg is Pastor. 3. Unitarian Chapel, a handsome Gothic build- ing on Jarvis Street. The Rev. John Scott, Minister ; The Rev. Professor Hincks officiates occasionally. 4. Jewish Synagogue, Yonge Street. The Rev. Mr. Goldberg is the Priest. 6. Citi Mission, Elizabeth Street. Mr. Paul Stewart, Missionary. A second City Mission is also in opera- tion. CITY HALL, THE, is situated on Front Street, in the rear of the St. Lawrence Hall. It includes the City Council Room, the Police Office, and the rooms for the various Officers of the Corporation. In the rear of the building are situated the Fruit, Vegetable, and Fish Markets. The Council Room or Chamber is hand- somely fitted up. Underneath it is the Police Court, which is a large, plain room. The building extends 140 feet in front, and has two wings running north and south, each 178 feet in length. In these wings, and on either side of the main building, are shops and offices. This main building is surmounted by a cupola. The style is Italian, after designs by Mr. Lane. The costs, inclilding improvements made in 1851, amounted to 62,000 dollars. mf-mrntB^-mnrnrn ti ii ti imm .■ ; »■■ CITY OFFICERS— COLLEGE, UPPER CANADA. 29 CITY OFFICERS have their offices in the City Hall. They are the Mayor, Clerk, Chamberlain, Police Magis- trate, &c. The City Recorder holds his court in the Court House. City Registrar's Offi<;e is in Wellington Street. CLUBS. These are chiefly for playing cricket, curl- ing, &G. See Cricket and Curling. COLLEGES. See University, Trinity, Knox, and St. Michael's. COLLEGE AVENUE. This noble drive and pro- menade, leading from Queen Street to the Univer- sity Grounds, is nearly a mile in length, and contains about 10 acres. It is handsomely planted with trees on either side. The roadway is turnpiked, and between the roadway and two pathways the earth is sodded. The perspective from Queen Street is very fine; and the promenade forms a most agreeable place of resort for the citizens in the summer evenings. The avenue leading from Yonge Street is similar to the main avenue, but it is narrower, and is only a quarter of a mile in length. It connects the University Park with the east end of the city. COLLEGE, UPPER CANADA, or Royal Gramt MAR School, stands on a site of nine acres opposite the Government House, on King Street, and consists of a row of neat brick houses. The centre one is the College proper, with its Boarding Hall adjacent, and Residences of the Masters on either side. The buildings were erectfed in 1830, after designs by J. G. Chewett, Esq., and were long a chief ornament to the west end of the city. The cost, including the site, was 80,000 dollars. ., a '}-)^ .. Il'^ 30 COLLEGES. ! The College contains appropriate class-rooms, and is well provided with other necessary adjuncts. Its lawn is handsomely laid out, and its cricket-ground and play- yards are extensive. The College is munificently en- dowed. Its officers consist of a Principal and twelve Masters. It is modelled after the celebrated English Grammar Schools, and aims to impart a sound Classical and English commercial education. Some of its pupils have already attained to eminence in the liberal pro- fessions in Canada, and some have nobly sustained the honour and glory of England on the field of battle. The office of Principal has been held by the following gentlemen, viz. : — Rev. Dr. Phillips, from 1830 to 1839 ; Rev. Dr. M'Caul, from 1839 to 1843; F. W. Barron, Esq., M.A., from 1843 to 1856; Rev. Dr. Scadding, Acting Principal, from 1856 to 1857 ; and Rev. Walter Stennett, M.A., from 1857. The number of pupils at- tending the College is about 250. (See Engraving.) COLLEGES. Knox's College, a. spacious building, formerly Elmsley Villa, on Grosvenor Street, near Yonge Street. The site is well chosen, and includes an acre of ground. There is accommodation for about sixty students. The object of the College is to educate ministerial candidates for the Free Presbyterian Church of Canada. The Rev. Dr. Willis is Principal; Rev. Dr. Burns and Rev. G. P. Young, M.A., Professors. St. MichaeVs College, a handsome Gothic building on Clover Hill, Yonge Street, under the control of the Roman Catholic Order of St. Basil. The design is by Mr. William Hay, and the form is that of an irregular quadrangle ; size, 250 feet by 200 feet. It includes a ::i I' F.;:i-" I X^'-Mjf^ '5S.' ^&<, A •'-^'%| fcv. >f; N ft V'/«, K ;.v^>- i I 5 i V 30 r^-xn-nFS, I " ^e College. comaias «}4)£ui»m<» *ki^)r*K.j;i*5, auti is- ' well provided ''aIUi K^'.hvt rsKiSkm&ry *.«• r.^.ts it.^ lawn 13 haiKltomcIf \n^'\ im% a»4 if* ni. .^: ^j.yuf^d aiid play- yardf ars? iai;*ea«i^3. To* U»*%* i» manifjcently m% 4i4W&^, Ifc-* «J#«t«T« 'X'mi^ *if ft Friactpai ami twelve ' -^Steers, ft ki s^:«l?4if«^. «.*ler the celebrattHi Kiiglish ClmBiiJiij^ 8dfMM>i*, md ^Jom to impart a soua<] Olassic^l «ta4 Itiglmii tX3t!4m-:«r«:ki cducatiuii. , Some of ita pupils }m%'t alnni4y iitt.aiae*! to eminence in the libeml pro- fi.mion» itt CstruitU, nnd some have nobly sustained the hotjour m& ^hry of Engiand on the field of l)iittle. TliC olfi<;e pi Priainpal lia^s been held by the foli<)^Y}ng genll^men, via. : -lieVv Br. Pkiilir«, from 1830 to 1839 ; B^v. Dr. M'C'auI, from ^«I3|' w IS|»i 11 W^'^ Barron, E^q., M.A., IVom 3a4a 1» #IS»| !#?. **«♦ BcaddiKg, Actirirouag, M-A., I'rofessM'rs, >y^.. MichaePs (JolUge, a' baAid*«iw# Gothic iiuilding wn OloTer Hill, Ycnige Street, mnd*?rtiie control of tin lioman Catliolic Order of Bt. BiWil- The design is l^ Mr .^^'iliiam Hay, and the foim is tlmt of an irregidar ti^aiUk;il»gle : sizt.*, 250 feet by 2{K) feyt ft inohide'j w. \ - I *l ; t '4 \ i 'mm rami rr ^r COMMON PLEAS— COIIR'^ -HOUSE. 31 Chapel of St. Basil. See Churches. The Gate House contains niches for statuary, and is surmounted by a pinnacle and cross. Thus far the cost has been 25,000 dollars. The cost of the entire building will be 80,000 dollars. The Rev. J. M. Soulerin is the Superior, and the Rev. Messrs. Gilbrat, Northgraves, Kennedy, and Shea, Professors. Rev. C. Vincent, Treasurer. Congregationalist Theological histittUe, Adelaide Street, for the Education of Candidates for the Pas- torate of Congregationalist Churches. The Rev. Dr. Lillie is Theological Tutor, Rev, A. Wickson, M.A., Classical Tutor. United Presbyterian Divinity Hall for theological instruction. Rev. Dr. Taylor is the Tutor. COMMON PLEAS. See Osgoode Hall. CONSULATE for the United States. Consular Agent, Mr. T. M'Leod Clark, Front Street. CORPORATION OF THE CITY consists of a Mayor, and two Aldermen, and two Councilmen, elected annually, for each of the seven wards into which the city is divided. See City Hall, and Original Boun- daries. COUNTY OFFICERS have their offices chiefly in the Court House, Adelaide Street. They include the Sheriff, Warden, Treasurer, Clerk, and Clerk of the Peace, &c. The Registry Office is on Toronto Street, near the Court House, The Jail is situated on Front Street, foot of Berkeley Street. COURT HOUSE. This substantial county building is situated on Adelaide Street. It has 197 feet frontage, with a depth in the centre of 94 feet. The various 1 1 >: 32 COURTS— CRYSTAL PALACE. court rooms, which are very plain, are on the second floor ; the County Council Chamber, with adjoining committee rooms, is on the first floor. This chamber is also plainly fitted up; indeed, there is a baldness about the whole building which is rather unpleasing. It is of white brick, with stone dressings, and cost 34,00v. dollars. The style is somewhat Italian. Messrs. Cumberland and Storm were the Architects. COURTS. See Osgoode Hall. CRICKET. There are various Cricket Clubs in Toronto ; one is connected with each University, Upper Canada College, &c. CRYSTAL PALACE, or Provincial Exhibition Building. This very handsome structure presents an admirable likeness to its great prototype of Hyde Park. The outline is very nearly the same, and the transepts are produced in miniature with excellent effect. The site of the building is on the ordnance reserve, nearly opposite the Lunatic Asylum. The designs were prepared by Messrs. Flemming and Schrieber, of Toronto, who have successfully reproduced a good copy of the great original. The Architects state that the essential part of the building is constructed of cast- iron, the vertical walls of obscured glass, similar to that used in the Dublin Exhibition Building, and the roof is covered with tin. Its total length is 256 feet, and its extreme width 144 feet, which includes a covered en- trance 32 feet by 16 feet, on the southern front. The total area under roof is upwards of 22,000 superficial feet ; the galleries occupy about 11,000 feet ; four spa- cious stairs cover as much as 1280 superficial feet, and Sf-^ '^^ '^':jcbk- J^K- i^'" vSf-.,*,-.* . ■TO if * i I n.-i' 32 COTTRTi— OEYBTAL'PALACR. \ .: !^; fourt ro-'jins, "which are very pbnn. nro on the second floor ; tho Couuty Comtcii Chawf'««i*, uifch R«]jo;uing cominilteo rins, U ^m itm fe«t tt.Mjr. This cbuuiber is also vUinly iHfcTd '^|>^ irMi'-ed, tii*»re ^ & baklnesa sbout the vfhvh ^^4*..^i«^ v(\\\oh u rather impleasiBg. It is «t' wlitt^s 'Wis. Hall. ' > CRICKET. There t«-e various Cricket CIrl>e in Toronto . one \^ connected with euch University, Upper Oanmk Coillo |o. d'-c. OHYt^TAL VAT-ACa ^>t Piv^»vrNCL^L Exhibition BT'anTXo. '\%^ Fjfy y<9dm.^fi.^ ntnirtare j)rt;»e:its an ad »HUie, and the transepts arc produ'*vtl in iJiiniatnre with excellent elttect. Tho site of tii^ buildinppo3ite the Lunatic Af?yliim, The desigiflK'" were prepared hy Messrs. Fleinxning and Schrieber, of Toronto, who have ►succeHsIiiIly reproduced a good copy of the great origin.-d. T!ie Architects i>tate that tjhe eBuential j.arr of the bniM-ng in eocstTucted of casif* iron, the vertical w\liff of o!)?w?iirti'J >:law, similar to that used in the Dublin Exhibition IJuiUlinji, and the roof is covered with tin. Its total lent^th ie 256 feet, and its extreme width 144 feet, which iuchnlea a uovend ei trance 32 feet by 16 feet, on the aonithem front T] toklarea under roof is up^wisrds of 22,fKX3 .snperftciftl {leet; the galleries occupy about Jl,0«.K)i^; io\M spa cioua fctaiiS cover as much as 3i''^(» «u|>erfieial t>et, aj\i!d eiv/ ii\ id er 38- g. ra. m )er ON an rk. VO, of py bt- ltd IC'T n^fyl M ^ - f ... i \ the who 32,000 « the cent; The C of Agrici ture, in \ of Agrie cost of tt is about Council the CouE of holdini the build and Agri< other lar. laid out. curl; of Januar James Bi has been ] 1829. Thi Caledonia the 30th c of 31 men for 1857H surer, Mr B{. relay a Scotland, Main, Esq cities and i let, entitle c mw CURLING CLUB. 33 the whole floor space, exclusive of stairs, is more than 32,000 superficial feet. A handsome fountain adorns the centre of the building. The Crystal Palace has been erected by the Board of Agriculture for Upper Canada as a permanent struc- ture, in which to hold the Yearly Provincial Exhibition of Agricultural and Mechanical Products. The total cost of the building, exclusive of laying out the grounds, is about 22,000 dollars. The contribution of the City Council towards this object was 20,000 dollars, and of the County Council 4,000 dollars. During the interval of holding the Annual Provincial Exhibition in this city the building will be used for Fairs, County Industrial and Agricultural Exhibitions, Promenade Concerts, and other large gatherings. The grounds will be neatly laid out. (See Engraving.) CURLING CLUB, THE, was formed on the 30th of January 1837, James R. M'Knight, President, and James Bicket, Secretary ; but this fine Scottish game has been regularly played in Toronto every winter, since 1 829. This club became an auxiliary branch of the Royal Caledonian Curling Club of Scotland, at Montreal, on the 30th of January 1866 ; on its formation, it consisted of 31 members; it nov/ numbers 109. The President for 1857-8, was John Helliwell, Esq. ; Secretarj'^-Trea- surer, Mr. Robert Maitland ; Chaplains, Rev. Drs. Bj .relay and Jennings ; Representative Members, — in Scotland, Wm. Edraonstone, Esq. ; in Montreal, David Main, Esq. Tliere are now Clubs in all the principal cities and towns in Canada. A very interest ing pamph- let, entitled " The Canadian Curler's Manual ; or, An o i 1 1 34 CUSTOM HOUSE— ED [JCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. Account of Curling as practised in Canada, with Re- marks on the History of the Game," was published at Toronto in 1840 by Mr. James Bicket. CUSTOM HOUSE. This is a plain, unpretending structure for the first commercial city in Upper Canada. It is in the Doric style, from designs by Mr. K. TuUy, and is 62 feet long by 40 feet wide, and two stories high, with a portico over the entrance. An iron railing surrounds the lot. Immediately in front is a flag-stafi", from which floats the Union Jack. The duties received now amount to about 800,000 dollars annually ; the im- ports to 7,000,000 dollars, and the exports to 3,000,000 dollars. The Hon. Robert Spence is the Collector of the port. The building stands at the foot of Yonge Street. EDINBURGH LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANTS BUILDING. See Assurance. EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT, U. C. One of the most attractive spots in Toronto are the buildings and grounds of the Department of Public Instruction for Upper Canada. This department includes the Education Office and Depositories, an Educational Museum, the Normal School, with two Model Common Schools, and a Model Grammar School. These various branches and institutions may be referred to in the fol- lowing order : — 1. The Education Office (a non-political branch of the executive government) has been established by the Li'gislature for the administration — by a Chief Superin- tendent of Education appointed by the Crown — of the Grammar and Common School laws of Upper Canada. The number of Schools under the direction of the Chief \ETitENT, str|.*f*t«jiir« t^gr »^f> liNI ^K»*"ujfeercial cit}* in Upper Canada! It i:- i^ iky* i:k>m ^^) . -Vom designs by yii. K. Tull.v, ani; v: '0i &»«<; lrt^ ^ f^'^^jf^Mk- V*. liiWf*, r^i lh« expuris to 3,000,00'* d(fi.W?a, T^>fi:'-*lv,%. fo^ls^i/, H.j*<*»w i#,t|ifcOm,|firl«i|IA, E i./ 1^ .^M.fmMM COMPAISTTS tht* takwl attrH'tn>f -.pots in Toronto are tbe buildings Aud groundi^ of the Department of Pul>lie Instrncticn Jor l^^pp-r Ciniada. Tlus department includeB the .'KifricatioTi (Mtic-o and Ueposil Dries, an EdnCdtional Musyuni, tiio ,N'iraml School, with fwo Model (Jomnion Hf ho^>:'> (a n hm bcaii eHtsiliUshcd by tha Liigisl.iture for Ihe arhrai-isj' 'iition—'byu Chief Sui>erin t;ndont of F.diieatiun ai;p>.int^! by the Crown- of t ar af>d ^ ■ojntiion rS'.'li('^>i Uw* oC TTpper Oana^/ Tlie uunioer ui ooiiuoid luiI'T tivi diioetioii of t)ie Ci o o ■■rf 1 ^ 'M i EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. d8 Superintendent amounts to nearly 4,000 (including about eighty County Grammar Schools), attended by 300,000 pupils, as reported in 1858. The various parliamentary grants, and other official funds administered by tLe Chief Superintendent, amount to something like 250,000 dollars per annum. (The total annual expenditure for education in Upper Canada is about 1,500,000 dollars). This officer also provides libraries, maps, and apparatus for the Riblic Schools, and has the superintendence of the Normal and Model Schools, besides issuing a monthly Journal of Education for Upper Canada. 2. The Educational Museum includes specimens of Canadian natural history, and the best varieties of maps» charts, diagrams, philosophical apparatus, and school furniture. It also contains an extensive and beautiful collection of copies of celebrated Italian, Dutch, and Flemish oil paintings and engravings, and casts in plaster of Paris of some of the most noted groups of statuary (ancient and modern), together with a collection of English, Canadian, and Classical busts, &c. Free ad- mission to this Museum may be obtained daily on appli- cation at the department. 3. The Normal School was established in 1847, and is designed for the training of Comftion School Teachers, under the direction of a Council of Public Instruction for Upper Caiuida. About 150 student-teachers attend annually during the two sessions, and receive tuition free, besides a sessional allowance towards defraying the expenses of their board. Connected with this insti- tution are — 4. The Model Common Schools, including one for boys •■•♦■■, 36 EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENli m and another for ,irls. In these schools, the male and female students learn to practise their profession. They are designed as models of the best Common Schools. The number of pupils attending each school is 150. 6. The Model Grammar School, also under the direc- tion of the Council of Pubhc Instruction, is intended to exemplify the best methods of teaching all the subjects embraced in a thorough Grammar-School education, as a model for the Grammar Schools of the country, besides being a sort of Normal Classical School. The number of pupils is limited to 100. This school faces Gerrard Street, the rear of which may be seen in the Engrav- ing. The main building, as seen in the Engraving, is of white brick, with stone dressings, and is 184 feet front by 85 feet deep. The front is in the Roman-Doric order of Palladian character, having for its centre four stone pilasters of the full height of the building, with pedi- ment, surmounted by an open Doric cupola — total height, 95 feet. In the centre of the building is a large Examination Hall, or Theatre, capable of accommo- dating nearly 700 persons. The corner stone was laid in July 1851, by the Earl of Elgin, Governor-General, who was a noble friend to popular education. The Architects were Messrs. Cumberland and Ridout. The grounds in front of the building, facing Goold Street, are beautifully laid out, designed no less to cul- tivate the taste of the teachers in training, than to con- tribute to the gratification of the public. They are very much admired. They contain specimens of Cana- dian and foreign trees, flowers, and shrubs. The play- i :'! EMIGRANT OFFICE— EXCHANGE BUILDINGS. 37 yards, gymnastic sheds, and cricket grounds are at the east, west, and north of the building. The entire square contains nearly eight acres. Tlte cost of the site and of the four buildings erected upon it does not exceed 126,000 dollars. The whole establish- ment is liberally supported by the Legislature, and is deservedly popular. The system of public instru iion in Upper Canada, of which, as Lord Elgin icmarked, it is the " seed plot" and centre, was founded by the Rev. Dr. Ryerson, in 1846-1850. The principal officers of the department are as follows :— The Rev. Egerton Ryerson, D.D., Chief Superintendent of Education ; the Hon. Samuel B. Harrison, Q.C., Chairman of the Council of Public Instruction ; J. George Hodgins, Esq., M.A., Deputy Superintendent of Education ; Thomas J. Robertson, Esq., M.A., Head Master of the Normal School ; George R. R. Cockburn, Esq., M.A., Rector of the Model Grammar School. EMIGRANT OFFICE, Front Street. A. B. Hawke, Esq., Chief Agent. ESPLANiU[)E in front of the bay will extend, when completed, from Queen Street Wharf to Gooderham's Windmills. It will be 100 feet wide, and will be faced with stone. It is being constructed by the Grand Trunk Railway Company. EXCHANGEE BUILDINGS. This fine building has two entrances — the principal one on Wellington Street, and the other on Berczy Street. It is 140 feet long by 64 feet wide. In front there is a receding portico of the Grecian-Doric order, the entrances to which lead to the basement and to the main building. From the land- 38 EXPRESS COMPANIES — GARRISON. \S t ing there runs a corridor 130 feet long, on either side of which are the first-class offices. Near the entrance are two principal staircases, leatring to a reading-room, 60 feet by 20, and to the upper corridor. From the Berczy Street entrance access is had to the basement, and also to the first floor, by two flights of stairs, 24 feet wide. The " Exchange " is on this floor, and is a fine room of an oval shape, 60 feet by 30 feet, and 40 feet high, lighted by a circular ornamental glass dome. Here are also brokers' offices, committee rooms, &c. A gallery surrounds the inner wall of the Exchange room, communicating with the rooms of the Board of Trade, and other offices. The building is provided with every convenience. Its cost, including 10,800 dollars for the site, was 63,000 dollars. Mr. James Grand was the Architect. There is a Newsroom and Telegraph Office connected with the building. EXPRESS COMPANIES. The principal Express Companies are the British and American and Vickers' Northern Express. Offices, Toronto Street. FIRE BRIGADE consists of eight companies, num- bering about 250 men. Mr. James Ashfield is the Chief Engineer. There are six engines and hook and ladder apparatus ; also six engine stations, in various parts of the city. The Brigade is a volunteer association, con- trolled by the City Corporation, which defrays the ordinary expenses. GAOL. See Jail. GARRISON. The old fort and garrison stood upon the bay shore near the Queen's Wharf. The fort is now utterly demolished, and nothing but a few buildings re- I 4- w GAS COMPANY— HOSPIT A Ti. 39 i main. The new garrison buildings command the en- trance to the bay, and are a collection of substantial stone buildings with tinned roofs. They were erected in 1841, and cost 88,000 dollars. They are at present occupied by the Canadian Rifles, under Lieutenant- Colonel Bradford. The enrolled pensioners, under Lieutenant-Colonel Tulloch, occupy the old Garrison and Bathurst Street Barracks. GAS COMPANY for the Supply of the City with Gas. Office, Toronto Street. • GOVERNMENT HOUSE'. Tliis building is also a relic of former times. It has been frequently renovated, altered, and repaired, and is now a very creditable building. The grounds are very beautiful, and are neatly kept. It is the official residence of His Excel- lency the Governor-General, when the seat of govem.- ment is at Toronto. GRAMMAR SCHOOL (MODEL). See Educa- tional Department and Schools. GRAMMAR SCHOOL. See P.uools. HARBOUR is managed by. a Board of Commission- ers, who regulate the shipping dues, and otherwise pro- mote the interests of commerce. Office, Front Street. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY have now, by the munificence of the Hon. Geo. W. Allan, a free site of five acres for a Botanical Garden at the head of Pem- broke Street. Yearly Exhibitions are held, which are very attractive. HOSPITAL. The new General Hospital stands on a site of five acres on the Don and Danford plank road, east of Parliament Street. Tlie design, which is of Old 40 HOTELS. NN English, modified, was prepared by Mr. William Hay. It consists of a centre and three wings, occupying a quadrangular space of 170 feet by 120 feet. There are a central and four lesser towers, with flat roofs and rail- ings, one at each corner. The upper story of the central tower contains a museum chamber. In the upper parts of tbe towers are placed the reservoirs for the water supply of the building. The theatre, under which is the mortuary, projects from the centre, and is a distinct wing. It is an oblong room, semi-circular at one end, and galleried. Each story has roomy balconies. The building includes all the recent improvements, and is fitted up with the usual conveniences. It cost about 70,000 dollars. The Hospital is sustained by an endow- ment, and a yearly legislation grant. Charles Qardner, M.D., is the Resident Surgeon. The number of patients which can be accommodated is 230. The physicians attend at 12 o'clock noon daily. Visitors can see their friends daily, except Sunday, from 3 to 6 p.m. HOTELS. The principal are the Rossin House, the American, Ellah's, and the Revere. The Rossin House justly stands at the head of Toronto Hotels, in point of size and style. It has a frontage of 203 feet on King Street, and 157 feet on York Street, and is five stories high. The four upper stories alone are occupied by the Hotel, the handsome main entrance to which is on York Street. There is a private entrance at either end of the building. The ground floor contains fifteen shops with cast-iron fronts and plate glass windows. The upper stories in front axe of white pressed brick, with stone dressings. The \\ BOUSE OF INDUSTRY— HOUSE OP PROVIDENCE. 41 style is Italian, from designs by Mr. Wm. Kauffman. The Ladies' Drawing-Room is on the corner of King and York Streets, and is 60 feet long by 24 feet wide. The Dining-Room is 90 feet long by 40 feet wide, and is 18 feet high. The total number of rooms in the building is 252. They are heated by steam. The Hotel is fur- nished with all the appliances of first-class hotel «?, and is an ornament and credit to the city. The Hotel is owned by stockholders, of whom the Messrs. Rossin are the principal. The present lessee is Mr. Joslir.. The Ameincan Hotel, corner of Yonge and Front Streets, is a very neat, plain building, and is well managed. It is a highly popular Hotel. EllaKs Hotel, a highly respectable private Hotel, is situated on the corner of Bay and Front Streets. The Revere (late Sword's) is a very good Hotel, on Front Street. HOUSE OF INDUSTRY, Elm Street. This neat building is 100 feet long by 49 feet, and was erected from designs by Mr. William Thomas at a cost, includ- ing 1460 dollars for the site, of 7460 dollars. It will accommodate 90 inmates. It is supported I y subscrip- tions and an annual parliamentary grant. Including out-door relief granted, the yearly expenses are about 5000 dollars. HOUSE OF PROVIDENCE, Tower Street. In its general appearance this building is like the New Hospital. It is designed as a Roman Catholic "hospital for the sick, a refuge for the poor emigrant, a home for destitute orphans, and the aged and infirm of both sexes."" In shape it is like the letter H, and is 220 feet 42 ISLAND — JAIL. front by 130 feet rear. The centre is 62 feet wide, and the wings 30 feet, varying from 5 to 6 stories high. The style is that which prevailed in France about 1620-1540. The central part now erected is of white brick, and is 145 feet by 62 feet. It cost 40,000 dollars. The entire building will cost 100,000 dollars. ISLAND. This strip of land, forming to a great extent the bulwark or breakwater of the bay, extends from the new entrance to the harbour at the east to the point nearly opposite the Garrison. It is much re- sorted to by the citizens, and is a fine airy place for enjoyment and exercise. A steamboat connects it with the city in summer, and ice-boats and sleighs in winter. A lighthouse is erected on Gibraltar-point, its extreme western limit. From the island the view of the city is agreeable and striking. JACQUES AND HAY'S FACTORY, for cabinet- ware and upholstery, has been twice burned down, but is now rebuilt, and is more extensive and complete than ever. The main building is 120 feet long by 60 feet wide, and is five stories high ; another in the rear is 130 by 25 feet. It is on the Esplanade, and is the most extensive factory of the kind in Canada. JAIL of the city and county is situated at the foot of Berkeley Street on the bay shore. It consists of a central stone building with three radiating wings, and cost 64,000 dollars. Mr. J. G. Howard was the Architect. The oid jail stood on Toronto Street, and has now been converted into handsome shops and offices. Mr. Geo. L. Allen is the Governor. A new City Jail near the Don River is in course of erection. NBM-' f JEWISH SYNAGOGUE— LUNATIC ASYLUM. 43 JEWISH SYNAGOGUE. See Churches. LAW SOCIETY of Upper Canada consists of bar- risters, attorneys, and law students. It was incorporated in 1822, and is governed by a board of " Benchers" elected by the Society. The Benchers sit in convoca- tion every term, and admit barristers and students. Osgoode Hall is owned by the Society— which see. There are seventy Benchers on the rolls. The chief officers of the society are — Hon. Sir J. B. Macaulay, Kt. C.B., Ex-Chief-Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, Treasurer ; H. K Gwynne, Esq., A.B., Secretary and Examiner. LIBRARIES. See University of Toronto, Par- liament Buildings, and Mechanics' Institute. LUNATIC ASYLUM, Queen Street West. This extensive building stands on a plot of 50 acres, 3 miles from the City Hall. It is of white brick, with stone dressings. The building was designed by Mr. J. G. Howard. The Architect's description of it is as follows : — " The northern fa9ade is 584 feet long, comprising a centre building and two wings, terminating at the east and west ends with semi-circular verandaiis, three stories high from the basement, secured by vertical bars of iron to prevent accidents; these were con- structed for the purpose of allowing the patients fresh air when the v/eather will not admit of their going out ; they are arranged for six classes of patients — three classes of males and three of females. The chief archi- tectural feature about the building consists of a hexa- style portico in the Grecian-Ionic order, of cut stone ; the columns are raised upon a lofty rusticated base, go- ^ (*$!:; 44 MAGNETICAL OBSEEVATORY. cupying a story and a half in height, with two handsome flights of stone steps and bold stone landing ; the tym- panum of the pediment is ornamented with the royal arms in has relief. The centre building is surmounted by a lofty dome covered with tin (which can be seen for 30 miles on the lake), within which is the wrought iron tank or reservoir, capable of containing 11,000 gallons of water, which is pumped up daily from the lake by a steam engine. The water is distributed through lead pipes to all parts of the building." The Asylum is fitted up with the usual conveniencies re- quired in such institutions. The building contains three Chapels, an Anatomical Room and Museum, a large Ball-room, and Apartments for the Superintendent and other officials. The cost of the building was 226,000 dollars, and of the out-buildings, lodges, and brick wall, 20,000 dollars— total, 246,000 dollars. Th'^' brick wall encloses the front and two ends of the grounds. The lodge entrances are very neat buildings. The annual expenditure of the Institution is about 60,000 dollars, of which 3,600 dollars are received from friends of patients ; the remainder is derived from parliamen- tary grant. As the number of patients has increased beyond the capacity of the present building, a female branch has been est-iblished in a stone building in the University Park, formerly King's College. The total number of patients is about 400. Dr. Joseph Work- man is the present Superintendent. MAGNETICAL OBSERVATORY. This valuable provincial Observatory is situated in University Park, south of the new University, with which it is coiuiected. Vv i.W..,;-V .:*,:^ /- V , f -^K M f. S h N : C H A I I BUM li ' N (• ft I' il N ' \; 44 MAGNETICAt OBSEEVATORY. m\ cupying a story aTi«1 n, hn^^ in hMfrht. wit h t^vo liaTcisome flights of Kt%iiiij »t»?ps »ftt**^voiFj capable of containin-,' U.OOO gallon, i£ mitts, which is pumped up Ua'iy from the lake b !» «tt^Ui en.^^iiK-. Tise water is diftrribiited througi iad pipoa to ail parts of xhe baildiii<,;." The Asylum > ikii^id up "^1*^ thn ufmal conveiiiencies re- quired • u;^ Ju«tjT<«t*«f»i$. Tu*i buiMioi^ t'ontains three 0. tvi«, «i» ^.idftftwmJoal Il«}ijm an,Hii,iidi u^ amis 226,000 - dollars, s 4 .£t:»i, ^i litUiars. I'lie brick wall encloies the Trent and tno ends of the gioundtj. The lodge entrances nre very neat buildings. The annual expenditure of the Instituti'in ib about 50,000 dollars, of which iljCOO doliars are received from friends of patients; the rcmajr^ier m derivca frum parliamen- tary grant. Asj tJie iHimVvT of paticriti? lias increased beyond the capacity ov .h«« pn^ient/ bn.ildiuj^, a female branch has been eHiabiii«pluMl in i\ Btouc imiJding in th(^ University Pa k. fonnrrly KiniK-'s CoUoge. The total number of patient? is ai«»ut 400, i^r* Joseph \Voi-k- man is the pre&'nt Superintanditjiit MAGNETIC AL OBStllVAWE'T. Tins valuabltv provincial Obse 'N'atory is Hil.uatf;d ia Universitv T'ark,- Bouth of the new Univeriity, «rivh wlvlch it i& oonuooted;, >#? - 'ft? ,■ ' ■■ m*^^ - ' iii U lil A f^''.-' ■^'' ■f^k:. % :.i' -;'» i MASUNIi; HftL, I. BUILDINGS -TJRONTO MARKETS— MASONIC HALL BUILDING. 45 The main building is a rectangular structure, extending 64 feet north and south in the direction of the magnetic meridian, and 44 feet east and west. Other buildings are added, making the entire length of the Obser /atory 126 feet, and its greatest width 73 feet. At the north- west corner is a wind tower, 45 feet high. The build- ings are of stone, and were erected in 1855, under the direction of the Architects, Messrs. Cumberland & Storm. There are nearly twenty instruments used altogether, including the usual magnetical and meteorological in- struments, with appropriate photographic apparatus for recording changes, &c. The Director is G. T. Kingston, Esq., M.A., who is also Professor of Meteo- rology, University College, Toronto. MARKETS. The principal Markets are as follows :— St. Lawrence, King Street East, including Meal, Vege- table, and Fish Markets. See St. Lawrence Hall. St. Patrick's, Queen Street West ; a very neat, sub- stantial building. St. Andrew's, between Richmond and Adelaide Streets West. M/.SUNIO HALL BUILDING. This fine build- ing is situated on Toronto Street, next to the Post Odice. Its elaborately finished front recalls to mind somewhat of the exterior of the stately cathedral at Munich — to which city ts style of architecture is said to be peciv; >. , £br: richness, variety, and beauty of It 3 nuF- ,. less perpendi\u'ar lints, carry tlie eye at onco upward to its entire height, and give lightness and elegance to the whole structuro. The building was erected in 1857-8 by the enter- 46 mechanics' institute. s\ -■!: ! prising firm of Messrs. A. and S. Nordheimer (piano- forte and music dealers), and takes its name from the ancient order of free and accepted masons, whose hall and lodge-rooms occupy the whole of the upper story. The building is 102 feet front by 75 feet deep, and five stories high. The centre part is six stories high. There are four extensive shops on the ground floor, the fronts of which are fitted up with ornamental cast-iron columns. The window-sash and shutters are also of iron. The whole of the upper part of the front is carried out in richly carved Ohio freestone. Tlv« main entrance to the upper part is in the centre of the building. Here a wide staircase leads to the spficious halls above. These halls run the whole length of ths building, and divide the first and second floors into handsome double offices. The entrance to the masons' suite of rooms is by a separate staircase. These consi-st of an ante-chamber, armoury, coat, chapter, supper, and encampment rooms. The Principal Hall, or Blue Lodge, is 73 feet long by 42 feet wide, and is 24 feet in height. The building is amply provided with every convenience for mercantile purposes and public offices, and embraces all the im- provements of modern architecture. The Architect, Mr. William Kauff'man, was also Architect of the Rossin House. The principal Contractors were— for stone and brick work, Messrs. Worthington and Brother ; and for cast and wrought iron, Messrs. Vale & Oo. The cost of the building and site was 100,000 dollars'. (See Engraving.) MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, THE, stands on th., corner of Church and Adelaide Streets. The ercc- w t-c^ Vj l. >»t. ''■a^ * '^iMi^^m ^. AS« :m>...^ ,i 'K 'j: 4« MECF VNICtt' 1N8T1TUTH. i-i prisin*;? £\vm of M'^sf^rf A artd S. No' 'Jheirncr (piano- torto and. mnsv i? i t^kf« iU tjamc from the »nci»^tit •'-••'kr < fv'.* w hI f '-^^Ukl? '■ : dticti up with orno mental cast iron colninnR. •riio V .» ^.wsrtsh and .sthutters are also (if iro>i. Tiin t»t; ^i<'. the iijiper p^.rt of the front is carried out in llnftv . irv*:il Ouhj ftf tb*» rniil«tjf';sj, and divide tlu- til. ;. a<»i •'. •cwnl flo{.ir« icto hfim*.l*omt* double offices. llio cMfrsLij.Tf, f , tfc<- Tiis.aona' *u!te of rwnis is by •> S(if»ar;it<^ stviM'.-ise. 'Sham coiiSiRt or.iji anto-chamber. ana-Miry, roiU.nJi.apter, 8iipt>«% anv stone and brink woi! Me^>-r«. W.uhint;''/ «a imd Br-'ihei' ; and for cai-., and wrougi.t iron, M'.«?>t-s. V :» A- Co. Tho cost.; of thd buildia;^ and site wajn .»■ dollars. (See ■■ El..-; a. ring.) '■■-; -''-■:: W' :\TEOHA VTOS' IXSTrriTll THR vtaiM,,, on the coiner of C'uur<*ji and A.dri»,ide Jr'trecLs. T\ih crcc- - > H 1 *f ^ ■t K ' ''^ r" ^K o ' *it 1* o o in CO I/) I -\ o O ilH- tion l)rais ofthl withl Ci mail feet, aboi Musi MEDICAL SCHOOLS.— NATIONAL SOCIETIES. 47 1 'f/H'tii -|#i tion of this fine building was the result of a most praiseworthy liberality on the part of the public, and of the members of the Institute. It is of white brick, with stone dressings. The Architects were Messrs. Cumberland and Storm. The design is Italian in its main features. The frontage on Church Street is 80 feet, and on Adelaide Street 104 feet. The cost was about 40,000 dollars. The building contains a large Music Hall, 76 feet long by 46 feet wide (with ante- rooms), the entrance to which is on Adelaide Street. It also contains a Lecture-Theatre capable of holding 500 persons, a large Reading-room, Library, Committee and Apparatus Rooms, with other accommodation. The Mechanics' Institute was organized in 1830, and incorporated in 1847. The Hon. Dr. Baldwin was its first President. In 1844 its members numbered 100; they now number nearly 700. The Library contains about 3,500 volumes, and somewhat near 550 members avail themselves of its advantages. Lectures are de- livered every winter on popular subjects, and classes for instruction have from time to time been formed. Annual Industrial Exhibitions have also been held. The annual income of the Institute is about 2,000 dollars, including a parliamentary grant of 200 dollars. (See Engraving.) MEDICAL SCHOOLS. See Schools. MODEL SCHOOLS. See Educational Depart- ment. MUSEUM. See Educational Department and University. NATIONAL SOCIETIES comprise the three Socie- V ,n &■'/ 48 NEWSPAPERS. ;:i I ■ \ ties cf St. George, St. Andrew, and St. Patrick. They are charitable and benevolent societies. NEWSPAPERS. The newspapers published in Toronto are as follow : — The Globe (Reform), daily, semi-weekly, and weekly, commenced in 1844. The Leader (Reform), daily, semi- weekly, and weekly, commenced in 1852. The Colonist and Atlas (Conservative), daily, semi- weekly, and weekly, commenced in 1838. The Pair 'ot (Orange Society), weekly, commenced in 1829. The Christian Guardian (Wesleyan), weekly, com- menced in 1829. The Ucho (Church of England), weekly, commenced in 1855. The Ecclesiastical Gazette (Cliurch of England), weekly. The Mirror (Roman Catholic), weekly, commenced in 1836. The Canadian Freeman (Roman Catholic), weekly, commenced in 1858. The Message (Clear Grit), periodically, commenced in 1854. The Canadian Merchant's Magazine, monthly. The Canadian Journal, monthly. The Congregational Magazine, monthly. The United Presbyterian Magazine, monthly. The Law Journal, monthly. The Gospel Tribme Magazine (Baptist), monthly. The Canadian Agricidturisi, monthly. The Journal of Education for U. C, monthly. t m NORMAL SCHOOL— ORPHAN S HOME. 49 NORMAL SCHOOL. See Educational Depart- ment. OBSERVATORY. See Magnetical Observa- tory. ODD FELLOWS, Manchester Unity. There are two Lodges in Toronto, but the head quarters of the Grand Lodge of Upper Canada are at Hamilton. OMNIBUSES. Of those there are three regular lines ; two between the city and Yorkville, and one be- tween the east and west ends of the city on Queen Street Omnibuses also meet the cars and steamboats. ONTARIO HALL, formerly the old Court-House, is now fitted up for private oflfices. It is situated on Church Street, opposite St. James' Cathedral. ORANGE SOCIETY. There are twenty -seven Lodges in the Toronto district, most of which meet in the city. ORPHANS' ASYLUM (ROMAN CATHOLIC). This benevolent Instiaition is situated on _^"elson Street, and is under the managment of the Sisters of St. Joseph. The number of orphans and poor inmates is about 80 or 90. ORPHANS' HOME (PROTESTANT), Sullivan Street, near St. George's Square. This compact building IS 45 feet by 40 feet, and was erected in 1854 at a cost of 4,500 dollars. It owed its origin to the kind munifi- cence of Madame Goldschmit (tie^ Jenny Lind), who de- voted (during the mayorality of J. G. Bowes, Esq.) 1,G00 dollars to found some commemorative public charity. It is three stories liigh, and contains 17 rooms. It is supported by subscriptions and an annual grant from 50 OSGOODE HALL. the Legislature. Its expenses are nearly 5,000 dollars yearly. There are about 60 orphans maintained at the " Home." At a suitable age they are apprenticed or sent out as servants. Mrs, Holmes is the matron. OSGOODE HALL. This handsome building will, when finished, contain all the Superior Law Courts'of Upper Canada. It is situated on Queen Street at the head of York Street. It consists of a main building and two wings designed in the Roman-Ionic style of architec- ture. The east wing was built in 1829-32, and the west wing in 1844-5. The central portion, which was only temporary, has been removed to make room for a more massive and appropriate structure, of which Messrs. Cumberland and Storm are the Architects. The new centre has a fine and noble portico, corresponding with those in either wing. The Law Library, which is very valuable, will be in the front of this central build- ing, in a room 110 feet long by 40 feet wide, and 40 feet higli ; beneath the same, there will be certain of the public law offices. In the rear of the Library there is a central hall of two stories, lighted from the roof, and having open corridors, and two heights or orders of arches around the same. Around the central hall is grouped the Public Law Offices and Record Vaults on the ground floor, and above them the Courts of Queen's Bench and Common Pleas, Practice Court, Court of Appeal, Probate Court, Judges' Rooms, and other necessary accommodations of like cha^'acter. The whole of the west wing is occupied by the Court of Chancery ; having a room for the sittings of the Court, a Judges' Room, and the Offices of the Registrar L-^m •mm 00 dollars ned at the mticed or tron. ling will, Courts 'of et at the Iding and architec- the west ivas only r a more Messrs. fhe new ponding v^hich is 1 biiild- and 40 ftain of jibrary )m the hts or entral Record ourts 'ourt, 3, and acter. ourt the strar ■^ ^^^^f^-^^^i^^^ (5SG&0DE HALL. 51 and Master of the Court. The name of the building is derived from Chief Justice Osgoode, the first per- son who held that office in Upper Canada. The follow- ing is a list of all those who have held the office, with the date of their appointments : — Hon. AVm. Osgoode {Court of Queen's Bench), 1792 Hon. John Elmsley, do 179G Hon. Henry AlG(Ock, do 1802 Hon. Thos. Scott, do 1806 Hon. Wm. Dummer Powell, do 181G Hon. Sir Wm. Campbell, Kt.,do 1824 Hon. Sir John Beverley Robinson, Bart do. 1829 Hon. Sir James Buchanan Macauley, K.C.B., Court of Common Pleas, 1849 Hon. William Henry Draper, C.B., do 1856 Hon. Wm. Dummer Powell, the first puisne judge, was ai)pointed in 1794, and Hon. Peter Russell was also appointed to the same office in the same year. Jolin White, Esq., first Attorney- General of Upper Canada, was appointed in 1792. The names of the Superior Law Courts and their Judges are as follows : — Queen's Bench.— (7/a«V/ J ndice,— How. Sir J. B. Robinson, Burt. Puisne Judges^ — Hons. A. M'Lean and R. E. Burns. Common Pleas. — Chief Justice,— Hon. Wm. H. Draper, C. B. Puisne Judges^ — Hons. W. B. R''chard:< and J. H. Hagarty. Chancery.— CArt»o^//o;',— Hon. Wm. Hunir Blako, Vice-chancellors,— Koiia. J. C. P. Esten, and J. (». Spragge. :^^: \' f ' 62 PAEKS AND SQUARES - PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS. Error and Appeal. — The nine judges named, witli one or more additional ex-judges. See Law Society. PARKS AND SQUARES. The principal Parkg are the University Park, at the head of the College Avenue ; Allan Park and Horticultural Garders, head of Pembroke Street; Moss Park, Queen Street, head of Caroline Street, (the private property and residence of the Hon. Geo. W. Allan) ; — and the principjvl Squares are the Normal School Square, (jloold Street ; M'Gill Square, Church Street, (private residence o^ J. M'Cutcheon, Esq.) ; St. George's Square, at the head of John Street ; Osgoode Hall Square^ Queen Street ; Victoria and Clarence Squares, at eitlier end of Wellington Place, off Brock Street ; Bellevue Square, near the centre of Denison's Avenue ; and Crescent Gardens, up Si)adina Avenue. The grounds of the Government House, Upper Canada College, and the Parliament House, form also handsome public squares. PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS, although erected in 1830, are still very creditable in appearance. They are on the bay shore, east of Simcoe Street, and consist of a main central building and two wings. They are of plain red brick, without much architectural pretensions outside ; but within were very handsomely fitted up, while the Legislature was in Toronto. The Legislative Council, to the west of the main entrance, was also very elegant in its fittings, and contained the vice-regal throne, full-length portraits of King George III. luid his queen, also portraits of nearly all who liave held tbe oflfice of 3pt'aker of the Council. The House of Assembly, tu PAROCHIAL SCHOOL OF ST. JAMES— POST OFFICE. 53 the east of the main entrance, is a fine apartment. The Library is in the rear, and is 127 feet long. It contained 35,00 J volumes of books (most of which still remain in Toronto), and full-length portrait of her Majesty, and portraits of the Speakers of the Assembly. PAROCHIAL SCHOOL OF ST. JAMES. This neat little structure is shown in the Engraving with the Mechanics' Institute. It is attached ^d the Episcopa- i. in Cathedral Church of St. James, and is of the same v..yle of architecture. It is capable of holding 600 chil- dren, and cost 2,500 dollars. It is used as a Day and Hiinday School. There are similar schools in connec- tion with the Episcopal Churches of St. George, Trinity, and the Holy Trinity, (wliich see). POLICE FOKCE consists of a Police Magistrate, a Cliief of Police and Deputy, four Sergeants, and fifty- one Men. There ore five Police Stations in various parts of the city. Tlie men M'ear a blue and silver uniform. The for le is managed by three CommissionerH appointed by the City Corporation. POST OFFICE. Tills handsome building is de- signed in. the Greek-Ionic style by Messrs. Cumberl md and Storm. It is 48 feet front by 90 feet deep, and is 52 feet high. It contains a public hall in front, and a sortiiig otfice in the rear. The letter-box front k of glass neatly finished in oak. There are three delivery windows, and one with a private entrance to it for ladies. There are about 1200 boxes and drawers. The Postmaster's Otfice is on the fii'st fioor ; on the second are the Oflices of the District Inspector, &c. Total cost, 1-1,000 dollars. The city delivery for the year amounts £4 QUEEN S BENCH— ST. LAWRENCE HALL. to nearly 700,000 letters. Receipts, about 50,000 dollars annually. Cast-iron letter-receivers are placed at vari- ous convenient places in the city. Joseph Lesslie, Esq., Postmaster. (See Engraving.) QUEEN'S BENCH. See Osgoode Hall. RAILWAYS diverging from Toronto are the Grand Trunk, east to Kingston, Montreal, Quebec, and Port- land, and west to Guelph, Stratford, London, and Port Sarnia; the Great Western, conecting at Hamilton with the Niagara Falls, tu the east, and Detroit to the west ; the Ontario, Simcoe, and Huron, or Northern, con- necting with Lake Huron at Collingwood, vid Lake Simcoe. Union Railway Station, from which the trains of all these railways start, is very conveniently situated at the foot of York Street, near the Rossin House. ST. LAWRENCE HALL, King Street East. This building is one of the finest of the kind in Upper Canada. It admirably unites in itself both th'^ useful and the beautiful. A fine Market Arcade in th- centre, with handsome shops on either side in front, and offices above, it crowns all with a Music Hall running the whole depth of the building, which for its size is very tastefiil, and highly creditable to the city. These several parts of the building united have, under the skilful hands of tiie Architects, Messrs. W. Tliomas and Sons, produced a structure wliicli is both imposing in its exterior and elegant in its design. Were tlio St. Law- rence Hall isolated from surrounding imildiugs, and viewed from a distance, its fine proportions and size could not fail to impress the spectator. ^"^XMnKfiwHMM M fp*'l\l H^^: •r-- :*::■. M QTJEKN S BKIWH— ST. LAAVRENCK HALL. ■■^' to nearly 7<)( VV>0 it^t terw. Receipts, about 50,000 dolkrs annually, C'asv-ir<'>f» ktter-rtM.'oivers are pI^tkhhI at vari- ous c(»nv^nk«t p'hv&i in the city. Josepli Lesslie, Esq., QUEi,N'3^ Bli>fOH, Sev Osooode Hall. BAIK'* A 'iB dsver-'jog irom Toronto are the Grand Tr*wt. '^^f.^t to KiiJg^ton, Montreal, Qnel)cc, and Porfc- ]m4. iiw^; 'v. ;it to Gut'lph, Stratford, London, and Port ?^f«j^ : v,iie (rrmf V/edern, couectmo; ui Hamilton' with ti« Kii^ara 'F;di.s, to thueast, and Detroit to the west : rke -Onkirio, Si.>,i('> Bitilway JStaiion, from wliich the traii.s of :i)i inv>i" imiiwHys start, y» very conveniently sii:u;».t. d ai i'liQ I'iKit of i\^rk Street, near the Rosain House. ST, LAW HENCE HALL, King Street East. I'hls buiidini^ is onu of the iir<08l of the Icind in I'pi)er Canada. It aduiirably unites in itself both the useful and the beautifia. A fine IVEarjcet Ar(uxde in the centre, with handf^orue ^5l1ops on eilhti'rside in front, and offices above, it crov.n j ad with ;? Mu-sic Hall running the whole ilepth (;f ihr. ])uildiug, whirh f >r its size is very tasteful, and hii:idy '"-odi table to the eity. Tlieso Reveral paru-t of tiic i'uildiiig iiuittd h^!V^•, under the skiifid handi? of the Architects, Messrs. W. Thomas and Sons, pK'ducod a structuru Miuehi-» )l(j,jih imposing in its exterior and olegant ivi itn 'iesigii. Wi're tli-;' St. Law- ronee ILall isolated from Hurrouitdinsj huildiujjj';. and viewed iVoui a diatanee, its line proyH)rtioii8 and size cuLdd uol' fiil to iuipreBH tlte Hpectaior. S6*/ It -i !'•*' ,V^ :-M K^Sr ':«t»!i- :n ST. LAWRENCE HALL. 65 This building, erected on the site of the Old City Hall and Market, has a frontage of 140 feet on King Street, by 75 feet on the side streets. The Music Hall, or Lecture Room above, has a depth o^' 00 feet by 384 feet wide, and 34 feet high. It is iw raely deco- rated. The walls are painted in fresr ind panelled, with appropriate figures and devi es ^^uding the royal arms, the arms of Upper and Lov uada, and of the city. The Arcade in front is 75 feet in depth, and the continuation in the rear, running to the next street, is 200 more, by 39 feet wide. It is neatly fitted up with shops and stalls. The Market Arcade is lighted by windows from above in the day, and by gas at night. The front entrance to this Arcade is through a triple archway of cut stone ; that to the Music Hall is by a door to the right. This hall is used for various public purposes, and the fee charged for its use, which is fixed by the Corporation, is moderate. Tlie building is of white brick, but the whole of the front is of cut stone. The style or order of architecture which has been adopted is that of the Roman Corinthian, from the example of the Temple of Jupiter Stator. The centre is a tetrastyle portico of four three-quarter columns, with ston3 pilasters at either side. The city arms are finely cut in stone, and stand out boldly in the centre of the pediment, underneath which are the words — "St. Lawrence Hall," also cut in relief in stone. The key-stones of the triple arch below are formed of three classic heads representing Neptune, and the rivers St. Lawrence and Ottawa. The enrichments on the head of the pillars, &c,, are designed to represent plenty, # M. ^J^^y IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) ,V^^ 56 SCHOOLS. i' 1*^ and other allegorical devices. The cupola which sur- mounts the entire building forms a circular temple of the Corinthian order, and contains a large clock and alarum-bell. The whole cost of the building was about 30,000 dollars, independent of the shops. (See Engraving.) SCHOOLS. CUp jPuhlic Schools include the Gram- mar and Common Schools. The County Grammar School is held in an old building on Nelson Street. Number of pupils about 80. M. C. Howe, LL.D., is the Head Master. See also Educational Depart- ment. Of the common schools there are six in the (;ity, one in each ward, besides two or three primary ones. The buildings are elegant and commodious, and reflect credit upon the city. They are attended by about 5,000 pupils. The Grammar and Common Schools are managed by Boards of Trustees. See also Educa- tional Department and Parochial Schools. Roman Catholic Separate Schools. These schools are established in each ward, and are well attended. They are managed by elective trustees, and are taught by the Freres Chretiens and the Sisters of St. Joseph. The Private Schools are numerous and well conducted. They are chiefly for young ladies. There are also some good commercial schools for boys. Schools of Medicine. There are two — one at York- ville, connected with the University of Victoria College, Cobourg,and forming its medical department — the other (the Toronto School of Medicine) on Queen Strtot, aflB- liated with the University of Toronto. The officers of the first are :— Hon. Dr. Rolt)h, Dean of the Faculty ; vhich sur- temple of clock and [ding was ops. (See he Gram- Grammar )n Street. LL.D., is Depart- ix in the primary ious, and mded by Q Schools ► Educa- LS. hoola are i. They it by the nducted. so some t York- College, le other ot, affi- icers of acuity ; ••am >* w '# -'ilir.':,' A' ■■ ' -y.- in V $' .11 s I-- :)«T scA-rooi.s. and other alkgori.ml dcvif'fcs. Tlie cupola which snr mouuts the entii''' Liiild i?^ fonns a circular temple of th« Cornilhiaii oxdm, imd OIaS f .% Public Schools include tlio G ram- iiiiu uad Cauimon Hchouls. The County Grammar- t>ch<^)i lei held iir an old building on Nelson Street. Numbt-r of pupiia nhoui ^0, M. C Howe, LL.D., is the Jfead Mastt-r. See al^o Kptjoational Dfpart- MEisi'. Of the ixiWimon s'dHKjU there are six in the city, ofn» iii' .■.iveli Wivjd, >M^;4defl tW(i or three primary onm. Th" b^,iiIdin;L;« are •. logant and coinniodioutj, and icQf^fi f T<'dil (i!f.h>u tfui (i'.y. They tna attended by alK^ut 5,mH' : uj.')Us The « liiUivmar and Common Schools are rnanat'ici '<>• &:»ainl» i/f Trusfct'CB. See also IIj^uca- TJONAL .DtJ>.vin:MENT aUtl PAROCltJAL SCHOOLS. lionifm Ct'' and th/ Sistern of St. Josepii. The FrnaU S; hools arc . .■ inf'ro»;s:i and well co));iiicted. Tliey are chiefly for youn.i; la.isc?!, TliQre are also Pome good comm'^reial hc1ioo!,« for lj(;y»j. Schooh of M'XUr.ine. Thi'.re art: two — one at York- vilk, coinieeted with i\w Ihiiver^iity of Victoria fyollege, Colvourg,aiid forming iln ;r»edical de|(artuu;nt— the other (the Toronto S■*■ m. •J.jf -■' ' 4: 'P «*• 1'^ '■•■ I SOCIETIES— TEINITY COLLLEGE UNIVERSITY. 67 Drs. Geikie, Mullin, Benyman, Reid, and Canniff, and W. A. Watts, M.A., Professors ; of the second, Dr. Bar- rett, President ; Drs. Hodder, Aikins, Wright, Richard- son, Bethune, U. Ogden, J. Workman, Thorburn, Lizars, Croft, and Rev. W. Hincks, Professors. Convent of Loretto^ Adelaide Street West, Mother Theresa, Superioress. SOCIETIES. The principal ones are the National Societies ; the Bible Society of Upper Canada, with three travelling agents ; the Church Society for the management principally of the temporalities of the Church of England in Upper Canada ; the Law Society ; Temperance Societies ; Religious Book and Tract Society ; Debating Societies ; Horticultural Society ; Typographical Society ; University and College Society ; Building Societies, &c. STEAMBOATS connect Toronto with Montreal and Quebec (direct), Hamilton, Niagara, St. Catherine's, Rochester, and Oswego. A bay steamboat connects Toronto with the island opposite. TELEGRAPH, THE. Toronto is connected with all the principal cities and towns in Canada, the United States, and the Eastern British Provinces. The Mon- treal Telegraph Company is the principal business line, but each railway company has its own independent wire. The public Telegraph Oflfice is in the Toronto Exchange. TEMPERANCE HALLS. There are two of these buildings in the city. The one to the east is situated on Temperance Street ; that to the west, on Spadina Avenue. They are neat, plain structures. 6d TRINITY COLLEGE UNIVERSITY. m ' THEATRE, or Royal Lyceum, King Street East. TRINITY COLLEGE UNIVERSITY. This hand- some structure is situated on Queen Street West. It stands in a spacious park of 20 acres, facing the entrance to the bay, from which point it presents a very strik- ing appearance. It is a great ornament to the west end of the city, and a noble monument of the unwearied zeal of Dr. Strachan, the first Protestant Bishop of Toronto. The modifications in the original charter of King's College not having been acceptable to the Bishop and his friends, this venerable Prelate in 1850, when in his 72d year, undertook the onerous task of collecting both in England and in Canada suflBcient funds to enable them to erect a college which would be strictly Church of England in its character. In 1861, this new college was erected at a cost of ^8,000, after plans prepared by Mr. Kivas Tully. The building is of white brick, with stone dressings, and is designed in the third period of pointed English architecture (temp. 1480-1620). It faces the south, and is 260 feet in front, with wings projecting east and west 63 feet each. The porch of the principal entrance in the centre is of cut stone, over which is a bay window and ornamented gable to correspond. There are also handsome bay windows in each wing, with gables and windows similar to those over the entrance. The centre building is sur- mounted by a bell turret ; smaller turrets ornament the wings. The building is designed to afford accommoda- tion for eighty students, with the Class-rooms, Chapel, Library, and Museum — also Private Residences for the Provost and two senior Professors. The principal officers a,^ I ..- , UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 59 ; East, his hand- West It i entrance ery strik- i west end Lnwearied Jishop of charter of e to the in 1850, s task of sufficient w^ould be In 1861, 00, after ilding is ligned in ■e (temp, in front, h. The s of cut imented me bay I similar I is sur- lent the nmoda- Chapel, for the officers of the University are:— Visitors, the Right Revs, the Bishops of Toronto and Huron ; Chancellor, the Hon. Sir John Beverley Robinson, Bart., C.B., Chief-Justice of Upper Canada ; Provost, the Rev. G. Whittaker, M.A. ; Professors, Rev. E. K. Kendall, M.A., Rev E. Hatch, B.A., H. Y. Hind, M. A., and Dr. Bovell. (See Engraving.) UNION RAILWAY STATION. See Railways. UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. This magnificent pile of buildings, which has recently been erected upon the University Park, will provide accommodation not only for the University of Toronto (which simply confers degrees), but also for University College, with its vari- ous lecture-rooms, residences, and students' quarters. The park originally consisted of 168 acres (including 12 acres of avenue); but part having been retained for government purposes, 104 acres were set apart as an university park in 1856. Out of this number, 60 acres have been taken to form a public park for the citizens of Toronto. The remainder forms the site of the new university buildings. TViJjse build- ings have been designed by Mr. F. W. Ounberland, who, at the request of the Senate of the University visited Europe, with a view to familiarize himself with the most noted collegiate buildings there. The plans were prepared by Messrs. Cumberland and Storm. They were approved by the Senate and by the Government, and in 1857 the buildings were commenced. The fol- lowing is a brief description of them :— The chief facades of the University building are to the south and east ; the former of great and massive elevation, for dis- tant effect from the lake and town — the latter of more y., :'fl 1 1 // 60 TNIVEESITY OF TORONTO. broken and picturesque outline, for combination with the beautiful ravine lying between it and the main park avenue, from which it will be chiefly viewed. The general outline of the buildings approaches the form of a square, having an internal quadrangle of about 200 feet square, the north side of which is left open to the park. The main frontage on the south is about 300 feet long, with a massive Norman tower in its centre 120 feet in height, and comprising two stories, that on the ground being devoted to lecture rooms, the upper story to the Library and Museum — two fine rooms 80 feet by 36 feet each, with public and collegiate reading rooms attached. These, which may be called the public portion of the building, are entered by the tower, and by a central hall of the full height of the building, from which the Library and Museum are approached to the right and left respectively. The east side of the building, 260 feet in length, is entered by a subsidiary tower, approached over the ravine before mentioned. This wing and entrance is devoted to the University, having Senate Chamber, Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, and Registrar's Rooms, Lecture Rooms, and the Hall of Convocation, 90 feet by 38 feet, of t! e full height. The west end of the quadrangle, about 200 feet in length, will comprise the students' residences, three stories in height, with a dining-hall 66 by 34 to the north, and having to the rear the necessary domestic offices, steward's residence, and the like. The northern limits of the east and west wings re- v.\ ion with lain park ed. The 3 form of hout 2(X) en to the feet long, feet in e ground ry to the )y 36 feet attached, n of the 1 central hich the ight and length, is over the trance is ]/hamber, Eooms, 1, 90 feet 9 feet in es, three 4 to the domestic Brings re- ±'* ^ V^:-^'^ 3- ^ ^ "^^!^ "^,?^ ,T» m «* \ rf. . ^aCf, J f":--"^'-- /l^'-;** i^'= r^ - ^r m tTyivinisrry of touonto. w broken smd pictu;*c«(|ue (iutliiip, for combination wtth the bf^njitifi;! ravine lying betwfer. it nndtjio main park" nT#«»?>e, fW)ittt -which it will he eli5ef!y viewed. Tlie giaierai t«toitQ« of tbf> buiUlin^^s apiuoache^j t)ie form (if? » 8fpt*rv hfiving an intfrns:! »jUci(ifangle cf about 2i)0 knst' ai|fi«re, the Tiorth aide oi whicli is left open to the The mnin {fmxt'i'^e on the south is about 3P0 ffletloug, Irith a nuissivc jSTormrm tovrf^r in its centre 120 f iti. hei.a;)it, and coQiprisint^ two stories, t'uit on the ground \mvig de>''-)tf'lto lecture rooms, the upper story to, the Librarr ;ii»4 Muslim- -twc linivl'oouis 80 feet bv 36 leet each, '^ ith pui»Hc and collegifile reading rootna attacii€ wkkh may ixi called tm rmiM^ portion of the tmtldiRjr, MP entered by the t<>wex, and by a central hall of the full height -of the buildin.c', from which the Library and Mijscuia are api^roaehed to t^he right u:id left respectivf iy. The east side of the building, 260 feet in lec^h, is entered by a subsidiary tower, approached over the ravipd before mentioned. This wing and entrance is devoted to the (Liiversiiy, waving Senate Chamber, Ohane^^llor, Viie-Cluuicellur, and EegivStrar's Eooiuk, Lf^cture R^ onis, aiid ^!ie Hall of Convocation, 90 feet by 38 feet, of the full height. The west end of the quadrfttigle, about 200 i'eet in lengLh, will ooTuprisr- the 8tad*uit3' residences, three stories in height, witli a dining-hall oQ by 34 to the north, and having tr.' the rear the necesaarj domestic- offices, steward' t; re?«tdenr*e, and the like. . The uorthern liniits of the east ;>4id west wings re- ^ M . f *■-! on with 1 a in park 1 d. The form di' mit 2 ■ * V ^. ■ ft- <, • - I: r:«^, 1 ■m •i:^^ /e' ,...^- UIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 61 spectively will be completed by the official residences of the President and Dean of the College, and at the south- west angle of the whole structure has been erected the Chemical Laboratories, Theatre, &c. The general accommodation is comprised in the Lec- ture Theatre and nine Class Rooms, with Professors' Rooms attached, Library and Reading Rooms, Museum, with Preparation and Curator's Rooms, Senate Cham- ber, Chancellor's Rooms, and other University Offices. The Convocation Hall, President's and Dean's Resi- dence, quarters for 60 or 70 students, with College Dining Hall, and all necessary appurtenances. The style adopted is Norman, with some approach in outline to the symmetry more identical with Roman- esque. This latter description, however, applies more particularly to the southern fa9ade, in which the pecu- liar requisites of the building seem to have dictated a regularity of form, but which is departed from else- where, for the broken and more picturesque outline common to the latter system. The structure taken as a whole, will be of massive character, though too low. The tower is of that bold and simple form which seeks for effect rather from magnitude than detail. A large proportion of these buildings has been constructed in stone, but in some parts brick has been introduced. The large rooms including the Library, Museum, and Hall of Convocation have open timber roofs, and it is proposed in these to introduce sculpture and stained glass with a view to completion of effect. The grounds and park, which are approached by ^venues from Queen and Yonge Streets, will be hand- •^•"^W^^^WPI^TT •\i«f.f :wiiiijim 62 UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. ^ V II > somely laid out and planted. Part of the grounds will be appropriated to the purposes of a Botanical Garden. Within the grounds are the buildings of the Magne- tical Observatory, which see. Until the new buildings were ready, the business of the University and the University College was con- ducted in the temporary buildings to the south of the new structure. The University Library and Museum in these buildings are very creditable, and form a valuable nucleus of the proposed enlarged ones. The former contains about 15,000 volumes, and is accessible to the public ; and the latter, a good collection of natural his- tory specimens. It is proposed to expend at least 300,000 dollars on the new buildings, and 80,000 on the enlargement of the Library and Museum. (See En- graving.) The University of Toronto, designed to be provincial in its character, has at present but one college (out of the five in Upper Canada) affiliated with it, viz., Uni- versity College, for the accommodation of which class and lecture-rooms, &c., have been liberally provided in the new University buildings. The Upper Canada Col- lege, or Royal Grammar School, is connected with it, and is under the control of the University Senate. University College is governed by a College Council ; and, under its able President (the Rev. Dr. M'Caul) and its numerous learned Professors, is deservedly l)opular. The principal officers of the University and Univer- sity College are as follows: — The Hon. Mr. Justice Burns, Chancellor of the University; the Rev. Jolui <•; ■ WATER COMPANY. 63 ArCaul, LL.D., President of University College ; Pro- fessors — Rev. Dr. M'Caul, Rev. Dr. Beaven, Dr. Croft, Mr. Buckland, J. B. Cherriman, M.A., Dr. Wilson, Rev. W. Hineks, F.L.S., E. J. Chapman, Esq., Dr. Forneri, G. T. Kin<^8ton, M.A. ; Lecturer on Oriental Literature — Mr. J. M. Hirschfelder ; Classical Tutor — Rev. A. Wickson, M.A. ; Librarian — Rev. A. Lorimer, A.B. WATER COMPANY for the supply of the city with water. Office, Yonge Street. NEW WOBES AND NEW EDITIONS rOBLUHED BT THOMAS NELSON AND SONS, LONDON, EDINBURGH, AND NEW YORK. By fhe Bey. Alexander Keith, D.D. The Evidence of Prophecy: Illustrated by the History of the Jews, and by the Discoveries of Recent Trarellera. With nnmerons Steel Engravings ftom Daguerreotype Views. In One handsome volume. 8vo. Price 12s. 6d. 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Nelson and Sons' Series of Views. Beautiftilly printed in Colour& In Packets of Twelve Views, with DescriptlTO Letterpress, and fine Gilt Covers. Price Is. per Set ENGLAND. London and its SiglUs. Twelve Views, comprising: — ^Tho Tower-— Royal Exchange — Sfc. Paul's — London from Bluckfriars' Bridge — Trafalgar Square — Treasury Buildings — Westminster Abbey— Palace at Westminster — Buckingham Palace — Hyde Park Corner — Duke of York's Column, Ac Also kept printed in full Coloui's. Price Is. 6d. E. Tourists. ji'eland. the Geology of : Courts Stratford-on- Countjy of the lews. rs, with Descriptive rSet ange — St. Paul's — easury Buildings — ham Palace — Hyde !pt printed in full I T. NELSON AND SONS* CATALOGUE. 29 Views on the Thames — London Bridge to Windsor. Containing Views of the Houses of Parliament— Chelsea Hospital — Eew and Brentford — Richmond — Hampton Court — ^Twickenham— Cbiswick — Windsor Castle — Eton College, Ac Views on the Thames and the Kentish Coast — London Bridge to Ramsgate. Containing the Tower — Tlie Pool — Greenwich — Woolwich — Graresend — ^Tilbury Fort — Sheemess — The Nore — Heme Bay —Margate — Ramsgate. Hastings and the Neighbourhood. Containing Views of Hastings — Marine Parade — St Leonard's Archway and Grand Parade — Battle Abbey — Hastings Castle, Ac &c Views of Windsor Castle. Containing Views of ttie Long Walk — Home Park — Quadrangle — St George's Chapel, Interior and Exterior — St George's Hall, Interior — Waterloo Gallery — Round Tower — ^Virginia Water, Ac. Ac. KeWj Richmond, Twickenham^ and Hampton Court. Containing Views of Kew and Brentford — Palm House, Kew Gardens — Richmond — Star and Garter, Richmond — Hampton Court — View of do. ftom the Thames — Entrance to Wolsey's Palace, Ac Views of the English Lakes in the Neighbourhood of Amble- alde. Containing Views of Ambleside — Valley of the Troutbeck — Little Lan^dale Tarn — Windermere — Elterwater— Rydal-Mere — Blea Tarn — Grasmere, Ac. Views of the English Lakes in the Nt qhhourhood of Pent ith and Keswick. Containing Derwent Watei -Crummock Water — Butter- mere — Long Meg and Her Daughters — Ha\ is Water — Penrith Castle — Brothers' Water, Ac. Views in Stratford-on-Avon. Containing Distant View of Stratford — Shakspcare's House — Interior of do.— Grammar-School— Interior of do. — Guild Chapel — Tomb of Sir ' Thomas Lucy — Charlecote Hall, Ac. Views in Leamington, Warwick, and KenilwoHh. Containing Lower Parade — All Saints' Church, and Victoria Bridge, Leamington — Warwick Castle — Kenllworth Castle — Caesar's Tower, Ac. The City of Oxford. Containing Views of the High Street — Merton, Pembroke, Queen's, Mag- dalen, St John's, Christ's Church, and New Culleges, Ac. The Isle of Wight. Containing Views of Osborne House-- Ryde — Carlsbrook Castle and Village — The Needles — Bonchurch Pond — Fresh-water Bay — Shanklin Chine — Black Gang Chine — St Lawrence Well, Ac. Ac. s ■' i il' 30 T. NELSON AND SONS CATALOGUE. Trip Bound the Isle of Wight. Containing Views of East and West Cowes — ^Norrls Castle — Osborne Hoase — Ryde — Bcmbridge — Bradiug, Ventnor, «fcc Ac from the Sea. 2'he Isle of Wight. Landscape Illustrations of Richmond's Annals of the Poor. Containing Views of the Dairyman's Cottage — Dairyman's Daughter's Grare — Little Jane's Cottage — Little Jane's Grave — Yaverland, dec. Views in NoHh Devon. Containing Bideford — Ilfraeombe — Barnstaple — ^Lynton, and Lynmonth — Parade, Ilfraeombe — ^Valley of Rocks, Slc Views in South Devon. Containing Dartmouth Castle — Totness — ^Teignmonth — Ezmouth — Sid- mouth — Exeter, &c. &c. Plymouth and the Neighbourhood. Containing Panoramas of Plymouth, from Hoe and Monnt Edgecombe — Citadel — Naval Hospital — Saltash Bridge — Keyham Dockyard, Ac. Ac. Torquay and the Neighbourhood. Containing Panorama of Tor(juay — Daddy's Hole — Bathing Care — Brlx- ham— Dawllsh, Ac. Ac. Views in Cornwall, Containing Panorama of Falmouth — Falmouth fi*om Pendennis Castle — Truro — St. Michael's Mount — Penzance Harbour — Lizard Head, Ac. Ac The Old Abbeys of England. Containing Views of the Abbeys of Bolton — Byland — Fountains — Fnrness — Kirkstall — Malmsbury — Tynemouth Priory, Ac. The Old Castles of England. Containing Views of the Castles of Bamborongh — Brongham — Caernarvon Conway — Carisbrook — Kenil worth — Pembroke — Rochester — Warkworth — Warwick, Ac. Ac. With Descriptive Letteipress, SCOTLAND. The City of Edinburgh. Containing Panoramic View of Edinburgh from the Frith of Forth — Edin- burgh from the Calton Hill — Arthur's Seat and Salisbury Crags from the Meadows — High Street and St. Giles' Church — Calton Hill from Salisbury Crags — The Castle from the Grassmarket — The Castle from Princes Street— Nelson's Monument, Calton Hill — Holyrood Palace — ^Vlew from the Castle. Environs and Vicinity of Edinburgh Containing Views of Craigmillar Castle— Merchlston Castle — Hawthorn- den — Roslln Glen — Roslin Castle — Roslln Chapel— The Bass Rock — ^Tan- tallan Castle — Linlithgow Palace, ^c. E. le — Osborne Honse the Sea. Poor. Containing ter's Grare — Little I, and L]rnmonth — h — Exmouth — Sid- btint Edgecombe — acliyard, &c. &e. ithing Care — Brlx- Pendennis Castle — Eird Head, Ac. &c Fountains — Farness igham — Caernarvon bester — Warkworth Ith of Forth — Edln- bury Crags from the Hill from Salisbury ;;astlo fi'om Princes Palace — View from Castle— Hawtbom- he Bass Rock — ^Tan- 1 ' T. NELSON AND SONS' CATALOGUE. 31 Falls of the Clyde, and Scenery from Lanarlc to Glasgow. Containing Views of Cora Linn — Bonniton Linn — New Lanark — Stone- byres Fall — Cartland Craigs and Bridge— Craignethaa Castle — Hamilton Palace — Bothwell Castle,