IMAGE EVAIUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) i 1.0 1.1 S US 12.0 IL25 nu U& 1.6 Fhotographic ^Sdmces Carporatian ^ .^**^^ «\* ..<#^ <^ ^. as wnr main strut «VIISTni,N.Y. 14SM (7t*)S72.450S v\ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Inttituta for Historical Microraproduetiona / inatitut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquaa Technical and Bibliographic Notos/Notas tachniquaa at bibiiographiquas 1 t Tha Inatituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy avaiiabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibiiographicaily uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignlficantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. 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Original copias in printad papar covara ara fllmad baglnning with tha front oovar and anding on tha iaat paga with a printad or llluatratad Impraa- sion, ar tha back covar whan approprlata. All othar original coplaa ara filmad baginning on tha f irat paga with a printad or llluatratad impraa- aion, and anding on tha Iaat paga with a printad or llluatratad impraaaion. Tha Iaat racordad frama on aach microficha shall contain tha symbol -^ (moaning "CON- TINUED"(, or tha aymbol V (moaning "END"), whichavar applias. IMapa, piataa. charts, ate, may ba fllmad at diffarant raductlon ratioa. Thoaa too larga to ba antiraly included in ona axpoaura ara fllmad baginning in tha uppar iaft hand cornar, laft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following diagrams illuatrata tha mathod: L'axampiaira film* fut raproduit grAca k la gAntroait* da: BiMiothiqiM Agriculturs Canada Laa imagaa auivantaa ont *tA raproduitaa avac la piua grand aoin, compta tanu da la condition at da la nattat^ da l'axampiaira f iim«, at nn conformity avac las conditions du contrat do filmaga. Laa axamplalraa originaux dont la couvartura an papiar aat ImprlmAa aont filmte an commanpant par la pramiar plat at an tarminant aoit par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaaion ou d'illuatration, aoit par la aacond plat, aaion la caa. Toua laa autraa axamplalraa originaux aont fllmte an commandant par la pramiAra paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaaion ou d'illuatration at an tarminant par la darnlAra paga qui comporta una taila amprainta. Un daa aymbolaa auivanta apparaltra sur la darnlAra Imaga da chaqua microficha, salon la caa: la aymbola — ► signifia "A SUIVRE". la aymboia ▼ algnifia "FIN". Laa cartaa, planchaa, tablaaux, ate, pauvant Atra fiimAa A daa taux da rMuction diffArants. Lorsqua la documant aat trop grand pour Atra raproduit an un aaul clichA, 11 ast fiim« A partir da I'angia aupAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita, at da haut an baa, an pranant la nombra d'imagaa nAcaaaaira. Laa diagrammaa auivanta illuatrant la mAthoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 NTARIO AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE A EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN LXIV NSILAGE AND ROOTS FOR SWINE BY THOMAS SHAW, PROFESSOR OF AGRIOVLTURB. PUBLISHXm BY lUE HEPABTMBNT of AGBICULTtTBB Uay 98, tSOl TORONTO PRINTED BY WARWICK ft SONS T~" Ho». JOHN D«»»' •r''^°'"°- . BKoerimental Farm, ^^^m OFFICERS- • •< Thqm^^ Shaw.. J. 0. GEKuaiDB, v-»- H H. Dk^^' B.S.A. •• b'lawb«nokHunt,B.A. .. OAm™WA..KBO.— •.. GKOBGK HABOOtJBT. B.S.A. A.. MoOalI'^m, ■ • preaidenll '•""^"■"p^.^ of Veterinary Sd.«^ ^..istantlUBidentand^^e- , , Instructor m Dnu a ^ J .. ABaiatantSuperintenden^ojBj^ J .. .. •• •• .. ..Burs^^ lL ADVISORY BOARD. A. BttiB.. J0H«I.H0B80N .. JOHN MoMii'^'AN' M.1? EdWABD JBITITB .. J, S. feMriH •• G. B. Botob D. A. Do^"**®- Ch^iman of Board Secretary of Board Beputv Minister oCA^r^ul^^^^^^^ • •• Bond Head. County of Si "a M-a CraiK. County of Mida •• f C^ntyofNorthumberla^ •• ^°np;:-.C3ountyofC.M • •• W^Btock. County olOsfoj . JOHN I. B0B80». " . . .A. BLU* ^gm BULLETIN LXIV ENSILAGE AND ROOTS AS FOOD FACTORS IN SWINE FEEDING ^ Guelpb, laperintendeni ,t of CbemistTi ,ry and Geolog; ierinary Saieno jiry Husbandi ematicalMaBtei and Gymtiastici t of Bxpeifi"^®'**' ^BiBtantOhemisi . .BUTBl jriculture, Toi unty of Welli' B, County of B d, County of Si CJountyofMid' This experiment began on December 4th, 1890 and closed on [arch 4th, 1891, covering a period of 90 days. The after expert- lent growing out of it lasted 47 days. Its primary object was the same that of the experiment the results of which are given in Bulletin lit, iued October 1st, 1890, viz. to ascertain the value both essentially id relatively of corn ensilage and roots, when used as food adjuncts feeding swine in the winter season. A second object was to ascer- [in the cost of making pork at the current market values of the food id pork respectively. A third object was to demonstrate the [tent of the loss from feeding swine after they have become fit for Lughter. Several other facts of much interest were brought out [the experiment, as the profits arising from the judicious feeding of ine, the losses arising from feeding them injudiciously, and the in- mce of corn ensilage and roots respectively on development during subsequent fattening period. 'he Animals Selectbd. The animals chosen for the experi* it were all sired by the samd pure-bred Berkshire boar and bred m the farm. They were divided into three groups, each consist- of three animals, one barrow and two sows. Eight of the nine re the offspring of a high grade Berkshire sow, and were 209 days at the commencement of the experiment. The ninth was also a sow of similar breeding, and was farrowed about the same time bhe litter already mentioned. They were all in good store condi- >n at the commencement of the experiment. The conditions there- We were very similar. Period of Preparation. Two weeks prior to the commence- tent of the experiment the pigs in the different groups were put in $paratd pens, 6 ft. by 10 ft., which was all the room available. I'hey were then fed on the respective rations given to them during le experiment, the object of which was to accustom them to the iew diet. Before they were selected for the experiment they had sen fed on a meal ration more or less varied and refuse from the Jollege. Food and Feeding. The pigs in group 1 were fed all the |al they would eat i;p clean. They took 14 lb. per day until of Northumbe^^^'lhin ten days of the close of the experiment, when they would County of CarletJp qq more than 10 lb. per day. Those in group 2 were fed about * Qounty of Oxfo»half as much meal ae the pigs in group 1, and in addition all the * *ips they would eat without waste. They were given 40 lb. per B.0B80M. guntil within 28 days of the close of the experiment, when they 45 lb. per day. The pigs in group 3 were i^lgo given about one<« •^■■^11 fy N. ■' f f the experiment proper. The weights on each occiosion were after a fast of fifteen hours. 'iNANOiAL Summary. The financial results of the whole test Ich lasted for 137 days are given below : lip 2. Group 3. leal. .14 • lb. meal. 6.14 866. the after ei ip2. Group 3, >. lb. 643. 763. 220. 787 4.6,S1 667 73.333 929 1.560 Group 1. Group 2. Group 3. 9 0. $ c. $ c. Value of animals on Dec. 4th, 1890. . . 17 44 16 69 17 70 Cost of food during experiment 12 24 11 15 808 Cost of food in after experiment 4 83 8 66 866 Total cost of animals and food. . . 84 01 36 40 34 44 Price realised when sold, April 20,1891 34 06 38 16 34 83 Gain or loss 006 -3 24 -Oil [t will be observed that at the close of the experiment proper on lirch 4th, 1891, the gain or loss on the experiment was as follows : ^th group 1 the gain was S3. 08, with group 2 the loss was $2.69 with group 3 the loss was $4.06. [t should be borne in mind that there was a profit on the food as it was charged at market values instead of the cost of )ductiou. What this profit would be it would be scarcely possible ! estimate correctly. g OoNtiLUSioi^B. The following are the more imporUnt of th] oonolutioni from the experiment : 1. That in fattening store pigfl of the age indicated for 90 da\ on a meal ration, saoh as that used in the experiment, tHe handsoi profit of 10.38 per oent was realised on the investment, the fo being charged at market values. Where the food is raised on t^ farm there would be an additional profit in most instances. 2. That it has not been found profitable to feed store pigs of t1 age indicated for a lengthened period on a ration, one-half of whij is composed of meal similar to that given to the pigs in gronp the balance being made up of turnips, as in this experiment the lo^ from feeding such a ration for 90 days was 9.34 per cent, on tl investment. 3. That it has not been fou id profitable to feed store pigs of tl ages indicated for a lengthened period on a ration, one-half of whi(! is composed of meal similar to that given to the pigs in group the balance being made up of corn ensilage, as in this experimei the loss from feeding such a ration for 90 days was 15.75 per oen| on the investment. 4. That in fattening pigs of the age indicated for 90 days, i] required the daily consumption of 4.53 lb. of meal to produce^ average gain of .974 lb. per day. 5. That after pigs have reached that stage in the fatter process when they cease to make a relatively good increase in weiji for the food fed, they are then kept at a loss. The extent of tL loss in the present instance was very material. With the pi^rs group 1 it was no less than 8.17 per cent, on the investment in days. Every 100 lb. of additional weight of pork was made atii cost of $14.93, while in the experiment proper with the &m animals it cost only $4.65. 6. That in feeding pigs of the ages indicated for a period of I days on a ration, cne-half of which was meal and the balance turniij in the one case, and com ensilage in the other, and then subjectiii \ them to a fattening process on a meal ration for 47 days, the influentj of the com ensilage on development during the said period vfi much more marked than that of the turnips, as in the forme] instance the average daily gain during the fattening period vil 1.560 lb. and in the latter but .929 lb. although the amount of fo«| consumed in each instance was the same. ^, 7. That in this experiment it was found tha. there was u i material profit from the pigs of the groups which were fed for tb j longer term, which would seem to indicate Uiat pigs should be finisLet \ for market at an early age to get the best results. th I m