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 D 
 
 32t 
 
 1 
 
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 i\ ^ 
 
 THE INVENTOR'S 
 
 POCKET COMPANION 
 
 CONTAIXING 
 
 The Canadian Patent Act of 1872, a Synopsis of the Patent Laws in all other Countries, 
 
 and giving instruction how to apply for Homo ami Foreign Patents ; also the 
 
 Population of Canada in Provinces, and of the United States in 
 
 States, with many useful notes and comments, 
 
 WW 
 
 DONALD C. RIDOUT «Sc CO., 
 
 CONSULTING MECHANICAL ENGINEERS AND SOLICITORS OF PATENTS, 
 
 PROPRIETORS OF 
 
 THE CANADA PATENT AGENCY, 
 
 SO Fork Street, Ihroiito, 
 CANADA. 
 
 1*R1CK, 25 Cents. 
 
 EEFERENCES. 
 
 
 Hon. J. H. Hacartt, Chief Justice of the Court 
 
 of Common Pleas, 
 Hon. Vice Chancellor MoWAT. 
 Hon. Alrbbt D. Shaw, United Str.tes Consul, 
 Hon. Geokok Brown. 
 Hon. D. L. MACPHERsoy, Senator. 
 r. \V. Cumberland, Esq., C. E., ^tanasfing 
 
 Director N. R. C. 
 
 C. S. GzowBKi, Esq., C. E. 
 Frank; Shanlt, Esq,, C, E, 
 
 (". MoBEHLT, Eb()., Chief Engineer N. R. C 
 
 D. B. RtAij, Est.., Q. C. 
 
 Dr. J. C. Taciik, Deputy Conlmis,ilondr ot 
 
 Patents. 
 Kknneth Macxenzie, E*!., Q. C. 
 S. RiHLKV, E*!., M. E., Chairman Steamboat 
 
 Insi>ector8i 
 Hon. Jo.^N McMl'hhiCh, President Western 
 
 Assurance Company, and Vice-President 
 
 Toronto, Grey & Bruce Railway. 
 John (iouDfis, Eh.,., Presi.lont of the Toronto, 
 
 Grey & Bruce Railway. 
 Ji'H < Sheudon, Esq., i'resident Toronto & 
 
 Nipissing Railway. 
 
 OTTAWA: -Printed by I. B. Tavloh, 2l>, n and 33 Rideau Street. 
 

 l^l 
 
 National Library Bibliolh^que lationale 
 of Canada du Canada 
 
 "KHl:^~"-'^s~^:""*iw^^^^^ 
 
 ik1 oiglit 
 Agriculture 
 
«• 
 
 t 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
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 1 
 
 ','• 
 
 ] 
 
 II 
 
 TO 
 IXVE.NT0R3 AND MECHANICS, 
 
 THE INY£NTOH'S POCKIT COMFANION 
 
 IS KESPECIFULLY 
 
 DEDICATED. 
 
 
Ill 
 
THE INVENTOR'S POCKET COMPANION. 
 
 ivruoDucTioy. 
 
 Ix submitting this pamphlet tc Inventors, wo luay be peruiitte.l to say, by way 
 of introduction, a few word, in refermco to curHolves. We have had practical 
 education as luachinists in the work«liop, theoretical instruction in n/echanics 
 and tho scien.x3 pertaining thereto, and have had ten years cxnerienco as 
 h^ irr '";^ ^'^^''T "^r^"'*-'"'^- ^"^ ^''^'''^'^ ^« S-l'^'tors of^P te t' 
 the Dominimr "' ' '"''^ ''"' "^' ^*' "''^ *'"^ '"•^•''^' '^^'tensive in 
 
 C^un^T tfi^ *'^""«.';^^*^"'^ '^'"'^"^ the leading men, merchants and capitalists of 
 Canada, together with our extended relations as engineers and dealers in 
 niachinery with railways and manufactories, afford to those who secure their 
 iXtr b r3 r"' "" "Pl^rt^l^ties for selling their patents which no other 
 like t nn in Canada can extend. \V(^ conduct applications direct with all tho 
 patent offices, except examinations and special cases, for which wo have f.ualihed 
 and competent representatives at Ottawa, Washington, I,ondon, Pai-is. L^, who 
 supervise contested and other cases when necessary 
 
 entr,flrlTn'lw'r' '^ ^? ^^'^J'^^^ly "^"^essary to add that all communications 
 V .1 „,^^i V 11 r"''''^''f'^ ]!' ^^'' '^'^'^^'•'^ ««"«« confidential, and ohat we aro 
 .:i . f" 1 "'''''^ ^^ ^""'^"' ^^^Mlt^'Hunally and professionally, the gentlemen wo 
 nttW 7. PV""'««'o^ a'-e sufficient guarantee, while the large and increasing 
 piactice we enjoy is complete evidence that all work entrusted to us J thoroughly 
 and conscientiously attended to. "*""o»'j' 
 
 HOW TO INVENT. 
 
 It would be impossible for us to literally teach how to invent, for invention 
 Ike poetry, painting, and sculpture, is a gift often rising to the height of genius, 
 but still a lew simple hints may be of value, as many of our most useful and 
 remunerative inventions have been i)roduced by minds that lay no claim to kin- 
 ship with genius. Attention, careful and thoughtful attention to what is goinc. 
 on in the world about one, will soon enable the observer to discover many little 
 gaps, .suggesting some small and i)ractical improvement, which, if cheaply and ef- 
 tectually carried out, will fill a general want, and thus command an extensive .sale. 
 10 be pecuniarily successful, an invention must supply a want, and unless immea- 
 surably superior, be cheaper than the article it is intended to .supercede, and above 
 all things It should be .simple. Simplicity in an article cheapens its cost, makes im- 
 provemeiit on it more difficult, and tends to increase its popularity, being more 
 easily understood and less liable to get out of order. Many people seem to think 
 that a complicated arrangement of levers, springs and wheels denotes a true in- 
 vention and m tact the sole aim of «ome inventor.s seems to be to see how com- 
 i>iicatea and intricate a tnachiue they can produce. A greater mistake wfts never 
 
 T/ 
 
6 
 
 inaile. To attain tlie utmost siinplloity is the tiut; test of L'ouius iu tin iuvoiition, 
 and u i)rinio dosidcrntuni. A knowlcdj^'o of tin- jjjtnc'ral Tnws and piiiK'ijdes of 
 natural pliilosupliy, cliuniistry, tuid all tin; hcicnres, is indispcnsalilo to tho 
 invoiitor who aims at a liij^li positiidi in liis i)rofi'ssion. He should also kocj) 
 himself well iufonnwl on all the cuiTriit im|ii'ovfiii('iits and imcntinns of tho day, 
 and Ix' a rareful obscrvoi' of all thiiii^'s. 
 
 SM.VLI, INVi;.1TI()NS. 
 
 Inventors who invont uum- for wealth than dlNtinctiou should roulnii* thon- 
 solves to small inventions whieh remedy some defeet in a contrivaMec already in 
 Use, or which supply a domestic or an-ricuUnral want. A new kind of toy, if 
 well ])Ushed, is sure to ht^ ronnuierative. Small in\pro\i'nieuts iu ilomcsiic fur- 
 niture ahva^'s eomnuuid a market, and a lahor-sas ini;' machine or improvements 
 in a larm utensil ean always be disposed of. Jiut jirobahly viw. of the ju'ineipal 
 reasons why snudl inventions are preferable in a pecuniary point of view is that 
 they retpiiro little or no eai)ital to introduce them, while a eomplicated and costly 
 machine can only be successfully handled by parties with lareo means. 
 
 INVENTION AS A TliADK. 
 
 ^ No man should devote his entire time to invention uidess ho posse.s.'^es 
 sufficient private moans to support himself and tamily shouUl his inv(Mitioii prove 
 unsuccessful. Stu<ly hard at nio;ht, occupy evoiy spare moment in workini;' at 
 and perfecting his invention he should, biit as he values his peace of mind he 
 nui.st on no account give up a certainty nor relax his industry in his regular occu- 
 l)ation till he is in such circumstances'^ that it mattei-s little whether he ever tolls. 
 Inventors are often too impatient, and give up the ordinary occu]»ation by 
 which they gain their livelihood, with the idea that their invention will be per- 
 fected and the profits realized l)eforc the little money they have saved has been 
 expended. It Avould be impossible for the most experienced and^ succes.sful 
 inventor to calculate on the many mi.shaps and anxious delays which neai'ly all 
 inventions, even of the simplest kind, experiejice from the time of their concep- 
 tion in the brain of the inventor till they have been succcs.sfully launched and 
 the profits realized from their .sale. Hence the foolishness of allowing "tlie bird 
 in the hand" to escape Avhilc depending on the two uncaught in the bush. Not 
 only will this course make the inventor exceedingly uncomfortable in the mere 
 matter of living, but it often effectually deprives 'him of the chance of ever 
 accumulating the small amount of funds necessary to perfect the simplest inven- 
 tion and introduce it to the public notice. 
 
 THE OBJECT OF A PATENT LAW. 
 
 _ It is much to be regretted that the fundamental principle and object of 
 issuing letters patent to secure inventions are not better understood, for were it 
 otherwise, much of what is said and A\'ritten upon the subject of their abolition 
 would at once fall to the ground. Many are under the impression that the sole 
 object of patents is to give to the inventor a monopoly, ])roving often, as they as- 
 sert, only a heavy tax and drag on tlie public— legalizing, as it were, unscrupulous 
 extortionists. 
 
 A patent of invention is to all intents and purposes a contract between the 
 inventor and the public, the Government of the country representing the latter. 
 Ihe public agree to allow the inventor for a limited period the exclusive sale, and 
 
iuvontion, 
 iiU'ij)k's of 
 >lo to tlio 
 also kf'cj) 
 >\' tli(! (lay, 
 
 iiic tlicin- ■,,' 
 
 iln'udy ill M 
 of (iiy, if ^r' 
 
 I'slic fur- m 
 
 ovL'iiicnts 1 
 
 ]i)'incM|i;il ■ 
 ■w is that Jt 
 Liul costly m\\ 
 
 possesses 
 ioti prove 
 )rkinL;- at 
 
 iiiind lie 
 liar oeeu- 
 ■ver toils. 
 Kitiou by 
 II be pcr- 
 lias l)(-cn 
 ■iueccssfiil 
 ucai'ly all 
 v Ounce [i- 
 dicd and 
 ' tlio Lird 
 :sli. Not 
 the niexe 
 s of ever 
 (st iiiveu- 
 
 ohjcct of 
 
 ■ were it 
 nholition 
 i the sole 
 
 ■ they as- 
 nupulous 
 
 ween the 
 be latter'. 
 sale, and 
 
 u^- 
 
 all proHts arising from his invention, provided he furnishes thorn with full draw- 
 ini^s and description of the same, so clear and exact that at the expiration. of the 
 period mentioncil, thry, the piildic, will lie enabled to manufacture and enjoy the 
 patented article without assistance or further explanation from the inventor; tlie 
 jmblic further stipulate that the patent shall he void and the invention become 
 eonmion property should it at any time l)i'. fouuil that the specilication and draw- 
 ings did not clearly describe and show the invention ; and in the case of an im- 
 provement distinctly point out the new |iart from the old. llenco it will bo 
 seen that whih; the inventor is rewarded in jiroportion to tin; value of his 
 invention tlu; public can in no case lose by tin; issue of a patent, for the inventor's 
 oidy reward is their patronage, and should the invention he produces jirove of 
 no value, the public will naturally decline to ])urcliase, and the jiatentee is alono 
 the loser. We are perfectly aware that many useless jia tents are sold to indi- 
 viduals, but they buy merely as speculators, and the jiatent being of no more 
 value in their hands than in those of the inventor, they likewise find it impossiblo 
 to dispose of the j)atented article, which, like the public, remains unsold. 
 
 WHAT IS PATKNTAHLK ? 
 
 A new machine. 
 
 An improvement or improvements in a mat^hine, no matter how insignificant 
 that improvement may be, ])rovided it is useful. The combination of mechanical 
 jiarts, although each jiart may be ohl, yet when combined produce a new com- 
 bination, ami hence a new machine. 
 
 The manufacture of a new sulistance or material by chemical or mechanical 
 ])rocess. A new chemical composition. The improvement of an old method of 
 manufacture. 
 
 WHAT IS NOT PATENTABLE. 
 
 An invention which has become public property in any country, although 
 the same may be now and unknown in the c(juntry in which the patent has been 
 applied for. An inventor must reduce his inv(intion to practice, otherwise it is 
 not patentable. No invention having an illicit object in view can be patented, 
 nor is a merely scientific principle or abstract theorem patentable. 
 
 now TO OiVI'JN PATENTS. 
 
 Some inventors attempt to do tiien- own business, and no doul)t are some- 
 times successful in obtaining letters ])atent; but, like the engine designed by a 
 shoemaker, or the boots made by an engineer, the article thus produced is im- 
 mediately recognizeil as home-made ; and the patentee finds it impossible to dis- 
 pose of his patent till it has been pre})ared afresh and reissued with amended 
 claims. We are continually being consulted by inventor.s who have sedure<r their 
 own jiatents, and who, when emjiloying us to jireparc a reissue, acknowledge that 
 they have been " penny wise and jiound foolish," and that they now ftdly ap}ire- 
 ciate the old saying, "every man to his own trade." When an inventor wishes 
 to seciure a patent he should procure the assistance of an experienced Solicitor of 
 Patents. If the firm consulted is reliable and competent, the inventor can trust 
 his interest with them and receive such counsel in regard to the jiatentability of 
 the device, and also such directions as will save him lioth time and trouble. In 
 reference to our own firm, we will merely say that we conduct a patent busincs.^ 
 which is probably tlic largest iu Canada, and number among our clients all the 
 principal and most successful inventors of Western Canada. 
 
CANADA. 
 
 rcailor 
 pul 
 
 Tho f(,ll 
 
 ^U^iopHUtof Patent A 
 
 ct of 1872. 
 
 owing is a briof svnonsh „f a d x 
 
 ^n^^>':fi:-.r »-«-';=^^^^^ 
 
 Sec. e.—Any 
 
 igtl; 
 
 mi'iil'licuso in Canada f( 
 IroviHo: Whflt«},.nll ..... 
 
 '« invention not h 
 
 avinp; l,ooi) then 
 
 s!!* J~n' ^•''"^•^"tions'forv^hS} 
 bee. 8.— Renrp«..nt„*;..„ . ,. ' ^"'" 
 
 See 9.— A 
 
 ReprcHcntati 
 
 I , 'n '"^ ^"'' """e than one voa a T'''"" ''^^" ^J^^ 
 hat .shall not bo patentable ^ ' ^'^ * °™ ^^ ^'^tont- 
 
 ontK.n.s for whi.h lbr.i..n 1...... , , , . 
 
 « t') l)atonts f( 
 
 vcs of inventor 
 
 ^??-|^-F';;SK™Xr "-"- i=ion,. P, 
 
 oviso. 
 
 lo. ratent or extent nn fr> i . 
 
 see .~""^' ^^ -- ---rlSX^^^^^ 
 
 ■ ^ Vl^dSf Sr S^ ^"t^^^^ - the patent l^ ..take 
 patentee. Effect of d.^tw?"' ^^^^^^^ «-ts. iS case o? de^uf of 
 
 Sec: 2tSSsr beT^- "«V-tented invention. 
 
 ^. IttS'?^*^ o'^n?-- - -^ Of nnUit,. 
 
 -..!^SCr""^- ^^^— -^- Appeal 
 
 Sec. -^^sfeS?^? ^^ "' °"^ '- -^• 
 
 patented.; and ofX'S ^^tV^^'^^^^^^^^^^ ^^-^^'^ of the thin. 
 
 Sec 3s'l^^?4"^"^^^^ '^ ^«"^^- - f-ce. Ex- 
 
 ''• '^•^■-T^^'cord.s of Provincial vl% 0^7^77'? "" "-^'^ain condition^ 
 ''"^sioner. ^- '^^^e,. to be handed over t,^ the Com- 
 
 1.1 
 
 
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 s 
 s 
 s 
 
 s. 
 
 S( 
 
 S( 
 
 Sc 
 S; 
 Se 
 
 Rule 
 
 Rule 
 
 Rule 
 
 Rule 
 
 Rule: 
 
orcp, and tho 
 ro the Act is 
 
 on out. 
 Proviso. 
 fhom taken. 
 
 I, how (lis- 
 ' specimens 
 
 ling fifteen 
 
 iice before 
 
 ISO a new 
 )atent and 
 
 ' mistake, 
 death of 
 
 y- 
 
 Appeal 
 
 for part. 
 
 he thing 
 Proviso. 
 
 me. 
 
 e. Ex- 
 
 tions. 
 e Com- 
 
 |! 
 
 8ec.34.-Taiirt*offec'«. 
 
 Sec. 3')._K.)r copies of (hawiiigs. 
 
 a Ji'—l^*'*^ ^"^ '"' '" f'»" ^'f all «^rvir..s 
 
 '^Z'" '""' ^'""^ '"' ^'•'^-'''^•^t-l li"^->"o Fnnd of Canada. Ex- 
 
 See. 38.— lie turn of foes in o^itain cas «s onlv ("'... c ,„•#» i i 
 
 '^"- ''g7ltrrM;i^:;u;^'r:;;';:;;:;;:''>='-'' "■ «•-' « v^^^ i.. »i.aii notify 
 
 and .swoar witncssos Wilfnl f„l.. «,.; x /^■"""^''Ors to summon 
 
 to Arlatratons, and hy whom paid ^ "^"'^ " "^^ ^" ^'^'^^ 
 
 hoc. 44.-l)ocumonts to he open to inspection. 
 
 oec. 4.^.— As to cloncnl errors. 
 
 Sec. 4H.-I)oHtroyed patent may ho replncod. 
 
 Spp* I« ~"p /" ."'' ?^ l^''^*''"^^^'^ '^•■^'^'^ i" ^^i-cign vessels < 
 
 '''■ Vt^o^::;f.rXt^-^ ^ '^--•^ l'--^-- of ,. invention. Proviso : 
 
 Sec' to-Fn^^'l^'"^ '"■f- ''' ^' ^'f '"^^'^^^^ '^'^ «'»«'•• Penalty for default 
 
 ment"'^ ""■''"^' '"^'^'''"^ '^^ I^^^'^^^^ ^'^ '- '^ n'^isll^moat J Punish- 
 
 '"•'';;]SS!i'^^ ^"^^^'^^ ^^'^^'" '-^'^--^ -'^oct to this Act to bo a 
 
 Sec. .54.— Commencement of Act. 
 
 ^^^mc</rom iJz.^,. am? Rrgnlatlom of Patent 0§lcf. 
 
 ^-i-oncrjvcry transact^t^l ^1^;;^;::;:;::;: "^ ^^^"^^ 
 
 Tvh ifTLX: t^^^ rvafuf ''?'T?'-^*-J -rtim a^olication to 
 be sent. wLne^^r prac k'lS Tn^P '. S' ^^^ ^'•■^^'"""tVand better 
 
 rcgister'ed lette,^ ^In n^^;rshou Id P^ ^^T^ ^''^'''' ''''^'''^ '^ 
 model.". ''''ould money bo sent enclosed with 
 
 regarded as ab.'n oned% d all ,^1' '" ' "' '^'^"'^^^ "^ ^^^"^'^ ^^ will be 
 fe^s will he held at he ex ra io o/;?"': ^'"'^F'^f^^S^ ^nd payment of 
 Rule lO.-Two or more e aiih! f.^^f f "'" "^ ^hat i.eru.d as of no avail 
 
 nor patenS in'Ct. enru^ss'tl""' ^"^ "^"^T^ "^ '^' application, 
 noctid with eaeh oth^as to be '^ -.'''"^' f" •'•^l»^"'l^"t "'^ and con- 
 end sought for hv t e inven or i -'".'i =^ w "" ^'"^'^^'''' ^^ ^^'tain tho 
 of Patents .shall iV heTXt w) 1 '" ^ "' 'f "i*'" ''^^^'^ ^'*« Conunissioner 
 
 l-ncantarefomul^dtS/d'^^^^^^^^ 
 ■iv,uie 11. — iJie hling of n. nroK.cf o,rn;,,.4 X. ■. . - 
 
 taken in itself as";ufficientroasnn'\'n'''lTf \1 ^ ^^^'''^ shall not be 
 patent to an applicant ^^ ''^'^'^'^'^^^ ^^'"^ g'-^"ting of such 
 
 2 ^ 
 
 Rule 
 
 Rule 
 
 Rule 
 
papers, provi.le.l th.J l^^^^rsZJt^'^L'''^ ^¥ ^^'itli it a.lditional 
 of the ,samo invoution n?,r<) r vsl f ^'ff. ''lively to the peifooti,,^ 
 
 caveat Avill not be en to 1 to S . r"'"^'''^'?' ^'^'^' l'^^^'^'^^ ^^^^fe' ^ 
 tinae of filin-. his cavciii ' "^ '"'^' '-^l^I'l^^'^^^ion pending at the 
 
 ^' '^•"^peSir^d^:;;!;:^::^.:^^^ ^^^ ti. o.,inai 
 
 the ori^^ntual patent, nuay be ^^o ,. f ^ I'^ve been embraced in 
 shall be introduce.! ntoTlio snoc^loH .^ ""^^'uT' ^^" "^'^^ "^'-^"or 
 ip be amended except tl.^ y i fotl^;'"V: '1^'^ '''^ "-^^^l ^-^^ ^haw- 
 'Irawing, amendments may be made ' o s.ti •• f' ''^'•^^"^<-;. «f '"«<^^cl or 
 n^ssionor that snch an.erKln)c^,rAvi;x/a L; f fi"'-^' ^''"" ^" *'^^ ^'°"^- 
 omitted in tlu, original papers ^ ^'^. '^ ^^' "^^^^^^"^^ although 
 
 " ^'^"l^S^lS^^^^^^ - to the probability of an 
 
 patent, nor to enquirios^foun lo Im T^T"" i • ' ""'' ^rP^^^ation for a 
 propoiinded witl/a view ^^^ ^E ' v .^ho;niF"''f ' ^--l><^i-«^ 
 havc^been patented, and if so, iV v 1^ nt^a' t^f ""P^'ovements 
 
 ^^" -^iiu Of t;^^^'-^^^ in writing. The 
 
 attention ,vill be paid to nnv a Iw^o I v,!,ri "'«.™ttc'n record. No 
 ablatio,, t,,„dd,,^ 
 
 un„eee»ary ex,,la„ationl' a "d -eVt tn"? to^td'l?'*"' '" ,"°''" 
 also reconunended in everv cmr. +,. 1,,., ^i ^' ^^^°^^' '^"^1 it s 
 
 l>ar«l I3.y a con,,,etoat",:lnX." L^i: CKA",',' "'-"T'"-'^ l"'^- 
 
 of fclie public seivice "'teiest both of the applicant and 
 
 ^^ . inventor, ahvnys to attoH d r nv I, to 1^'^^"- ' '^^' "1- "'^^ "^^^'^^^ of the 
 
 Notice v.-It must b<« rJuKmd.S that 1 t ""''' specification. 
 
 the woj^c is dispatched! «^o "^;^ IS^urtr^"'^';^ '?" «<^""-- 
 
 proceedings is guaranteed "''^' ^'^^ i-egulanty of the 
 
 ''""" "stiS ;iL'i\",«it';„;';:iVinnt:i:,^ ■-*«'• -^ '^ «. 
 
 the office. ° ^"fl^"y. is intended as a respectful answer by 
 
 Tl'Ao 7?u/.y obtain Patents. 
 
 Any person having invented any new and nsninl ..,4 i • 
 
 or com].ontion of matter, or anv imi)rovemrnt fl , ' "''1^^^'"^^ manufacture 
 
 vided the 8ai<l invention has no't 3 kn^n n f^^ '"'"^^ ^'^^.^'^ ^ l"^*^-»t. pro- 
 
 anyuflKn- country tbr more tli^::^ o^ ".t^"^!^ "^1 ^!!. ^^"-^-> or patentci in 
 
 Notice 
 
 patent 
 
 nr 
 
 xy l)c Kssued to an assignee oi 
 
 one year before the Canadi 
 
 entire interests, provided tl 
 
 patented in 
 •n .•iii])lication. The 
 
 lie inventor is / 
 
 i 
 
Ili 
 
 k'h 
 
 IM 
 
 11 
 
 entitled to a patent. The law permits the patent to l.e issutcl in the j.-int names 
 ot the inventor and assignee. Joint inventors arc entitled to a joint patent. 
 
 An inventor desii'ing to olirain protcetion for an invention not yet perfected 
 to enabl- In-n to exp. rin.ent and te^t its value, may ll.'e a description ofit so far. 
 Avitli or Avithoiit <lra\vui,us. at his own will. 
 
 Tins donnmnt is callrd a cav^.t, vau\ ..ntiti.-s t),. invrnto,. to u notice troni 
 the toinnuss:on,., .,]ionld an ap|.lir;,ti. n tor ix patent lor a similar oiiirct hr nia.lo 
 Nunild tins not u-,. ... iv..,.iv..d U a . av.at.,r, h-, nnist pro,-,..! with and eonn,U.te 
 h!s ap[_,„.-at!on v.ii,:ni thr.v i,;onths fn-n, ti,. ,u:,iiin..; of the noti.^e ; otherwise ho 
 Joses nis ])nonry. 
 
 A.iUT-at. if .mnj.pnsr.l, remains i.i i^.rr.. inr on. V(ar ; alter whi.'h it l.ecomes 
 nerely a document to prov. rov.lty or pri..rity of i.avntim. A ...veat Cannot 
 K3 hi... \ov an n.vrntion whi^!, is ahva.ly ,.v,h...t. nor ..tn anv salo of tl>e article 
 be made diii)i;^:.f the <.vistrnc,. nl' ihc caveat. 
 
 (.'overnmcntfee.S.^. Our fc,. is in .ordinary ca.^es i?.), la.t when drawin-s 
 are i^equued and an elahorate description l•e(vssar^-, we c-haroe aeeordin-r to tho 
 tune occupied m preparmg them. A non-.- hlent may iile a caveat. There i« 
 no mo(iel required. 
 
 Pi'dlriunnry Examination. 
 
 find cnl'T/l'*?T'"'r^'"" '^'')-'' •'* '''"'"'■" "" 1"'^*^'"^'' ^'''^ ^''^^ ■'^tep naturally is to 
 hm m ^Nhether Ins invention is patental.lc, and if so.uhcther anv patent grant- 
 ed ior the samtMd.jcet ,s existing. This information can only be ol tained l.y a 
 seaivh in he Patent OlHee, and those wishing it shoukl s^i.l us aX^e , Lf 
 v,th,no(iel or sketch (niodel preferre.1) of their invention, upon the n.oe t of 
 which we will proceed with the j.reliminary examination. If in the search it 
 shojdd be lound to b,. at all similar to an existing patent, a .sketch of thrpat nt 
 to the 'inVenlm'" '" ^•-'-•"'"'"^■='<1''tion as to his future action, will be forLrded 
 Fee for the preliminary examination, )?5. 
 
 Final Appllcailon. 
 In case inventors do not de.sire either to have a preliminary .search made or 
 to filea caveat, we proceed with their application iminediately imott hrreceiot 
 of their model, instructions, &c., ^vith Government fee, $20. Th, drawings and 
 specdication in duplicate, and other ofticial papers, are at this stte nt^pa' d 
 and forwarded tothe iin-entor for his signature, with full instructioifs as to the 
 manner of executmg the same. Having been signed, attested, k. i ley are to be 
 
 .rncnt Ufhce. \Ve forward a report of the result of the application immediatelv 
 It has been aid before the Commissioner of Patents. Our fk> for maW mi a >^ 
 plication IS in ordinary cases 820. • ""ikhi^ an ap- 
 
 A model made in a neat and substantial manner, to a convenient scale and 
 constructed so that all the part., the inventor wishes to claim a e ^cc^ssibh rimst 
 be Jeposite.l.in the Patent Oiiiee before the issue of tlie patent Th'mo i " 
 not excee<l eighteen inches s.pu.re, unless oth.erwise allowed b^■ special em i^^ 
 previously cA.ta.ned When the invention is a composition of u att la m k' o 
 the compu.sition and .samples of the ingre.lient.s, sufficient in qunntit^^fo^exl'el 
 
 Plt;nl^;'/''^""r' ""f 'T^ ^'' ^^"^^""^'^1 "^ ^^' ^-ttlei properly labc! kd" 
 latents are issued lor hve, ten or fifteen yeai.s, at the option ..f applicant but at 
 or before the expiration of the said liNe or ten years, tl e holder tUreof may ob 
 
^ li 
 
 ^;j^i^ tsr :is;.^ So£ ;^L^t?ir-'^ f 7 ^^^-' -^ ^^- 
 
 exceed a total period of fiftc^fa years ^ ^'''''' ^"* ^"<^ ''^ ^"^^ '^^^^ 
 
 A ssig ami". n if.s of Patent. 
 Patents are asMJgnablo by \nw 
 
 A roanonablo compensjition f.>r \U u.l 1 v^ l-omnussioiuT may roi)ort to bo 
 
 tor.l ifnotr,..Lt.r;;dlo'y:;r^:a'^Z^^ 
 
 Hgaiii^ta.iy whicb l.n.s boon rc-i.b-red. ^"^ "^ """ ''« ^«^''»^''l null and void 
 
 Our fee for ])reiinriii"' au ?i>"-<iiYiinii nf ic "i" o , ,. 
 
 the same is $2. ' ''•-''-"''^' "<^ ^^ ^-- Oovornmcnt feo for romstorinc. 
 
 
 UNITl^D STATES. 
 
 ticn, alter bei,,,, fll«i, i, .ent oX n X^e™ ,nE 2^^ '^'°'! "Pl''''"" 
 
 ..e«r tbe case i, rejected, and ■■ofcenje Ld„ t„ HoV i^ven i™, 'TTX " ™' 
 a re-examinat on mav be denvm 1<>,1 *],n n^. r /• "i^^-ntions. Jn such cases 
 arguments, and, when desSe anLn n.^S '?'' t'^^'l''^'^'^ by written or oral 
 the same examiner from ^10^1^^^^^^^^^^ to remove the objections of 
 
 appeal to the Board of E^mium • an nw?nf h' "\ ^"«/^)J.^^tions, there is an 
 Bou. Should the decSon of h^ htV< , ll n " i"" *,''' Commissioner in per- 
 
 a Judge of the SuPeme CW t c^'^he StuCt' ;^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 necessary to carry aiy case beyond tll^^BcS^do Vfardt'T ' '"' '' " '"^'^ 
 the p^rir "'^ ^'^^^^ '^^ ^^^"^'^ - P-^-'ly -'^-ed before^ 0^ after the issue of 
 
 Caveats, 
 
 Made as in Canada. 
 
 « • 
 
 Final Application. 
 . }^f' Government fee, $15, payable on filinjr the anr.b.ation • "nj Hn-Prrr • 
 " ^'J^^^^l^^^^^^^ -ordered to issue, "^^u^t; i^ ^ll^Jt p^^! 
 hcation. Remarks nmd. .., fi..„i -.^.lication in CaS 
 
 fee 
 
 able 
 
 •t 
 
 1 
 
 may be .efen-ed U,. i'they apply to tiruS S^J^ 
 
I's, may again 
 n any case to 
 
 ntion or dis- 
 
 rej.iort to bo 
 
 nut bo regis- 
 
 ull and void 
 
 ' registering 
 
 y tlio actual 
 Mitioris pre- 
 ■nt. Ameii- 
 
 tent, unless 
 bo of a }iar- 
 Hpecimen of 
 
 iments, &«., 
 ibor of ex- 
 igating ap- 
 ch applica- 
 )tion is not 
 such cases 
 ;ten or oral 
 jections of 
 liere is an 
 ner in per- 
 3e made to 
 ; is rarely 
 
 e issue of 
 
 lent aliera 
 310. Our 
 previously 
 
 r 
 
 I 
 
 
 vernnio tit 
 $25, pay- 
 i Canada 
 
 13 
 
 (JREAT BRITAIN 
 English patents may bo obtained hy any person who is the true inventor 
 discoverer or introducer, provided the subject is a j-atentable one. The protect on 
 
 JsJands an<I the Isle ot Man, an<l lor a j^enod of fourteen years. Tlie onlv exoen- 
 tZ u!;"'t^^ r "^T. V' ^""" " l'"f'"^ previun^ly ..kainod abroad, in which 
 m^^^r^ f,^'i^-r\ '''T'' ''"'^ "l'^'" ^^''' expiration of the foreign one. 
 Moleo^er, a valid British patent cannot bo obtaine.l .iVT the expiration of any 
 patent previous y granted elsewhere for the same inv.ntioi,. In npplving for 
 tion t; •'"")'• 'r;;'"-"' ""'''^^^y ""^'^'''^^ ^^ ^^^^^ *« ^'^'^aln a provisional pr?tec! 
 X bi'^r' r r'^^f?/"?';:''^" "^^V experiment to perfect his^nvention, v!ithout 
 alk.ting the value of the letters patent to be gn-nted therefor. The provisional 
 .roection remains in force for six months, alid the expense of obtainimV in. 
 eluding Government Agency fees, .tc, is u.sually about «5{). 
 
 ,.in.f L" ^" «?'^"';^^ the patent for three years, notice of intention to i>roceed 
 at 1^';'™ f h'"'^ -,^'Ht weeks before the term of the provisional protection 
 
 exnen; i V"' ^^" "'"'f-^' spccHcation must be liled and i-atent sealed. The 
 
 cxpease, inclu.ang everything, is in onliuary cases al)ont ?200 
 
 ^'^f*^'"*-^ th|3 hrst three years expira a stamp duty of £o() (?i250^ must be paid 
 
 and a the end o seven years from the sealing of the patent a\stamp d ty oi & 
 ?o() 0) becomes due. establishing the patent lor tJie fourteen years^ These pay 
 
 FRANCE. 
 
 tend^otllr H.^'? P'"^''^ t\f^^'''' ^''^''' '''^^''^ *° ^•''^•t^'" conditions, and ex- 
 uie ijiench patent terminates ujion the expiration of the forei-m nrivileo-e 
 
 wE tZTJ'l f"" ^^-T"?'^"" "'^ ^^^^P^^^^ '' ' '-^^'-l s^aL.^ Patent; 
 oeai date iio a day ot deposit ot papers. An extension maybe obtained bv 
 
 eaXyet- "'^ ^''"'- ^^'''' " " -^^"^^""-^^ tax to be paid a? the t^uS^glf 
 
 Srimlti?m in f; 2"^Uf he inventor should fail without just cause to work 
 im in\ention in liance within two years from date of patent, or if he permits it 
 
 /X maniXrui-rri T''^ ''''T'"''! ^"'^^'^ ■' .''•'' ^^ -troducing"n?rFranco 
 ODjects manutdcturel abroad, and similar to those protected by the patent 
 ^vitlumt pennission from tlie Minister of Agriculture and Commerce. ^ ' 
 
 inc entire tees to obtain a patent amount in ordinary cases to about 380. 
 
 RUSSIA. 
 
 its may be obtained for v« 
 invention 
 expires 
 
 PRUSSIA. 
 
 fifteentea^/'Ff "^"^•^''' T'""' ^"™ ' "^^ ^''^ ^^'^"^ «'^ "^^^ths or more than 
 WUea yeais. ioreigu inventors are raiUy permitted the privilege for longer 
 
14 
 
 IS ivit.uto.l al.roal. the Austrian V^^^nt h^Z^vM^ln }) 7 ' ■'^^>^>"<'U 
 expires. No pat.afc ,-au b. .,!,tain,,.,l lor on v^n ,m V^V " T T""'"''^*^ 
 1)0 worke.l for reasons of ,,„Mie lu^alt] n ura / ^ ■ ^ 
 
 aI,roa,l cannot l,o patented !,nless se u v 1 iH i ".nun n ^ f ^^j^''^''^''^^^: ^'•-»' 
 Inventions must be wo-k-d vitln'n H, r t ". '> ^^^" '« ^''^'T "I'l-uiated. 
 
 rov two eonsec'uti^e^ ';• r !■ f^ i ^^ ^"''■' ""V^ ir=''"it^-l to ren.ain idle 
 
 to 3100. "'-'""'" •^*-^' ' ^'"''" I'-^t.nt l.eeo;ue.s void. Average eo.st iruni $00 
 
 ITALY. 
 
 ing date IVcini 
 
 u-Jio.;| kn.gdom are issued undei- oiie g.'ant, l.ear- 
 -t'>'>oot the n.onths of ^Jarel,, June, S.J.tember or 
 
 ruteiits extending over tie 
 ^, Into fr()ni the lust da\- of o! 
 
 m'iviie!r;;"l'r'I;?'iV''''' '''"^'^ thafo;; wi;;;;';^,, ^ppiieation is ,ua<i^"^-^Th; 
 
 1 in ilcge is.exlended tor any iiumher of vears tii(> invejitor olioo'es u.d .t r 
 iitteen. If patented abroad, the Italian protection ox res v h h f ^^'^r^"^' 
 
 SPAIX. 
 Pcatents are delivered, Avithout jirevious eManiination as to utilitv or nnvoU,- 
 
 to-ta^uoa ""■■ '"' "■■ '"■'""" •™'-'- •^^■-"=" '"■^' '■'■"■" «'-^'" ". *^'»:aSi,i 
 
 PORTUGAL. 
 
 The longest term for which a iiatoiit is fronted is fifte-n v^ov^ n? . i 
 
 abroad, it vnll lapse Avith the forei 'n i.atent;'iirst .'.rnr^to 1 r^ • ''"'■'''^, 
 
 to a metrical .scale. Average co.si|u85 to $2^0. ^''^''^^- ■"^""'^"^-'^ ^'''^'^'''^ 
 
 DENJIARK. 
 
 _ Exclusive privileges arc granted for from three to fifteen years • usuallv the 
 privilege extends tor live. Average cost from .^100 to SloO. ^ 
 
 Patents extend for two years. Average cost from SlOO to $120. 
 
 SWEDEX. 
 
 Patents are granted for from three to fifteen years accordin.^ to the utility 
 
 ITQLLAXD. 
 
 A patent may be obtained for eitlier five, ten or fifteen years • and if ori<dn 
 ally procured for one of the shorter terms, the patent nuay be pro on^e roviVed 
 11 'l"f extend over fifteen years, or beyond the term of any priviSi aSy 
 .secured abroad. Average cost from S J OU to Si .'30. ° ^ 
 
 be 
 
 The full term of a 
 
 comes void wdie 
 
 BELGIUSr. 
 
 Average cost !$i5 to §75. 
 
 patent is twenty years; if previously patented abroad, it 
 pn viicge expires. A small annual tax is exacted. 
 
 le fo 
 
 rei" 
 
 
 >,'^ 
 
 r 
 
six months 
 
 Xccodijiij fif. 
 
 10 invention 
 .^'11 |)i'ivile^ro 
 liicli t'iiniiot 
 ntious Iruni 
 ' i»ri;;iii<at('(:l. 
 i'(>;ii;iiii idli! 
 •t iVuni 800 
 
 '^v?.nt, lioar- 
 'litcnibci' or 
 inadc. TJio 
 it excL'L'ding 
 ibreigii one 
 i a metrical 
 
 or novelty, 
 ), aceordiuy 
 
 If secured 
 s pro})ared 
 
 asnally the 
 
 the utility 
 ly secured 
 
 if origin- 
 , provided 
 je already 
 
 abroad, it 
 s exacted. 
 
 •/■^ 
 
 16 
 
 IIANOVIOR. 
 
 _ Ten years is tlie longest period of a jjatent, and it will expire with the prior 
 foreign privilcgt.^ if there be one. Average cost from SlOO to !?ISO. 
 
 HAMBURG. 
 
 Exclusive privileges are granted for terms varying from three to fifteen years 
 Average cost from $100 to ii?12(). 
 
 WUnTEMJJKKO. 
 
 Patents are issued for ternr not exceeding ten years. Im]:)ortcd j)atents 
 lapse with tlio privilege granted elsewhere i)rior to thii introduction. Average 
 co.st from 875 to 8125, according to tlic time a})plied for. " 
 
 BADEN. 
 
 Pri\'ilcges granted for from one to fifteen years. Average cost $100 to SI 25. 
 
 BAVAIUA. 
 
 Protection is extended to inventions for fifteen years at most. Averai^e cost 
 for five years from 8100 to $125. ° 
 
 SA/.ONY. 
 
 Patents are granted at first for five years, which time may be extended for 
 five years more upon application. Average cost for five years, 8100 to $125. 
 
 REGISTRATION OF DESIGN, TRADE MARK, &c. 
 
 CANADA. 
 
 All marks, names, packages, brands, labels, or other business devices adopted 
 for use by any person in his business for the purpose of distinguishing any article 
 sold by hun, shall be considered as trade marks, and mav be registered" for his 
 exclusive use. The copyright for an industrial design is valid" for five years 
 Usual cost, including Government and Agency fees, 810. 
 
 aiiEAT BRITAIN. 
 
 Designs are registered under two headings— "Useful" and "Ornamental." 
 
 Useful. 
 
 A copyright lasting three years is granted to any one who designs a new 
 shape or configuration of any article of manufacture or substance ; provided always 
 such shape or configuration be ULeful. Average cost from 860 to 8100. 
 
 Ornamental. 
 A new design for ornamenting any article of manufacture or substance may 
 be registered, and a protection ol)tained for terms varying from one to five years, 
 depending upon the article. The expense of registration is also governed by 
 the article registered, and varies from 85 to 8-30. 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 Designs may be registered for either three and a half, seven, or fourteen 
 ye^ars, Avhichever the applicant applies for. The usual cost is |20 for three and 
 a half years, 825 for seven years, $10 fur fourteen years. 
 

 Ontario 
 
 Quelioc , 
 
 New BriinRwick 
 
 Nova Scotia 
 
 Manitoba 
 
 British Columbia 
 
 180.000 fi. m. 
 
 210,000 " 
 27,700 " 
 li»,.500 " 
 14,000 " 
 
 22.5,000 " 
 
 4f. 
 60 
 14 
 14 
 4 
 8 
 
 ITNITBD STATES, 
 
 Name of State, 
 
 Alabama . . . 
 Arkansas. . . 
 California . . 
 Connecticut 
 Delaware . . . , 
 Florida . . . , , 
 
 Georgia 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Ka 
 
 Lansas 
 
 Kentucky ,* 
 
 Louisi.ana .' .' 
 
 Maine " 
 
 Maryland ."'.",' 
 
 Massachusetts. ... 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Minnesota ' 
 
 Mississippi ' "_ 
 
 Missouri [[ 
 
 Nebraska .'.'.' 
 
 Nevada * * ' 
 
 New Hainpshire ...' 
 
 New Jers«y 
 
 New York ,','/_l 
 
 North Carolina . . . 
 
 Ohio '' 
 
 Oregon 
 
 Pennsylvania. .,,.,, 
 
 Ehode Island .'. 
 
 South Carolina ..... 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Texas ";■" 
 
 Vermont .'.'.'.'.' 
 
 Virginia ...".' 
 
 West Virginia..'....'^ 
 
 ^^isconsin ' .' ' 
 
 District of Columbia '. 
 
 Avl,^«. TERRIToniKR. 
 
 Arizona 
 
 Colorado ...*...'.', 
 
 r)acota ,[[ 
 
 Idaho !..'!!.*.".! 
 
 Montana ..'.".' 
 
 New Mexico. 
 
 Utah 
 
 Was 
 
 iishington . 
 Wyoming . . . 
 
 Area. 
 
 No. of 
 
 
 Counties 
 
 50.722 
 
 65 
 
 62,198 
 
 61 
 
 188,981 
 
 50 
 
 4,074 
 
 8 
 
 2,120 
 
 3 
 
 r)9,2fi8 
 
 39 
 
 fiS.OOO 
 
 132 
 
 5.'i,4Go 
 
 102 
 
 33,809 
 
 92 
 
 50,914 
 
 98 
 
 78,418 
 
 64 
 
 37,680 
 
 115 
 
 41,2.'.r) 
 
 53 
 
 31,766 
 
 16 
 
 11,124 
 
 22 
 
 7,800 
 
 14 
 
 56,243 
 
 71 
 
 95,274 
 
 71 
 
 47,156 
 
 65 
 
 67,380 
 
 114 
 
 75,995 
 
 56 
 
 112,000 
 
 14 
 
 9,280 
 
 10 
 
 3,320 
 
 31 
 
 47,000 
 
 60 
 
 50,704 
 
 90 
 
 39,9«4 
 
 88 
 
 102,606 
 
 22 
 
 40,00) 
 
 «6 
 
 1,306 
 
 5 
 
 29,385 
 
 31 
 
 45,600 
 
 84 
 
 237,504 
 
 141 
 
 10,212 
 
 14 
 
 38,352 
 
 99 
 
 23,000 
 
 53 
 
 53,924 
 
 5it 
 
 60 
 
 
 113,916 
 
 4 
 
 104,500 
 
 21 
 
 50,932 
 
 15 
 
 80,294 
 
 9 
 
 143,776 
 
 11 
 
 121.201 
 
 13 
 
 84,476 
 
 21 
 
 C.y.994 
 
 22 
 
 97,883 
 
 5 
 
 1,«20,843 
 
 l,190,,'-.05 
 
 289,777 
 
 387,800 
 
 14,000 
 
 11,000 
 
 Total 
 Topulation. 
 
 996,992 
 448,471 
 560,247 
 587,454 
 125,015 
 187,748 
 1.184.109 
 2,5.35,891 
 1,680,637 
 1,1 SI, 792 
 364,399 
 1,321,011 
 726,915 
 626,915 
 780,894 
 1,457.351 
 1,184,059 
 439,703 
 827,922 
 1,721,295 
 122,99.'? 
 42,491 
 318,300 
 906,096 
 4,382,759 
 1,071,361 
 2,665.260 
 90,923 
 3,521.791 
 217,353 
 705,606 
 1,2,58,520 
 818,579 
 330,551 
 1,225,163 
 442,014 
 1,054,676 
 131,700 
 
 9,058 
 39,864 
 14,181 
 14,999 
 20,695 
 91,874 
 S6,955 
 23,955 
 
 9,118 
 
I 
 
 1,«20,842 
 
 1,100,505 
 
 280,777 
 
 387,800 
 
 14,000 
 
 11,000 
 
 H 
 
 ANNO TRECESIiMO-QUlNTO. 
 
 V]G'iOR.E ui:gin.e. 
 
 CAP. XXVI. 
 
 An Act respecting Patents of Invention. 
 
 [Assodcd h 14//t June, 1872.] 
 
 ER MAJESTY, by and with tlie advice and eonsont of tlic l^'eamW.-. 
 Senate and House of Connnons of Canada, enacts as follows :— 
 
 PATENT OFFICE CONSTITUTED. 
 
 1. There shall ho attached to the Department of A^^'i-iculture, jfinistor of 
 as a branch thereof, an oHice to be called the Patent (itlice- and' -'^-"^"''■"•■e to 
 the Minister of Ajri-ic-ulture fur the time hcm^ .shrill be the Com- ^Um^'Ht'" 
 nuHSionerof Patents; and it shall be the dutv of the said Com- ^'"tent« of 
 missioner to receive all applications, fees, i)apers, documents and ^"'■''"""''' 
 models for patents, and to perfoi-in all acts and things requisite to 
 the granting and issuing of patents of invention"^ and he snail 
 have the charge and custody of the books, records, papers, models, 
 machines and other things belonging to the said Office. 
 
 2. The Commissioner shall cause a seal to be made for the Seal to be 
 l)urposes of this Act, and may cause to bo sealed therewith patents "''■*'•" '"•"^ 
 and other instruments and cojiiea proceeding from the Patent ihireoTrbe 
 Office; and all Courts, Judges, and other persons whomsoever '"''''^f'''^ '" 
 shall take notice of such seal, and receive impressions thereof in ''"'^'''"** 
 evidence, in like manner as impressions of the Great Seal are re- 
 ceived in evidence, and shall also take notice of and receive in 
 evidence, without further proof and without production of the 
 ongmals, copies or extracts certified under the seal of the said 
 office to be copies of or extracts from documents deposited in such 
 office. 
 
 3. The Commissioner may, from time to time, subject to the Commi^rtioiie.- 
 approval ot the Gove-ior in Council, make such rules and regu- **""''''* ''"'"•"• 
 latious, and prescribe such forms, as may appear tu him necessary 
 and expedient for the purposes of this Act, and notice thereof shall 
 be given in ih<, Cana,h Gazette ; and all d.,cuments, executed in SS'^l" 
 conformity with the same and accepted by the Commissioner, shall ' 
 
 be held valid so far as relating to proceedings in the Patent Office. 
 
Diiputy 
 CoiiKninMioiier 
 and CltTkH. 
 
 I'hlllilipyi'M ill 
 I'atiut Ottic'j 
 iiiit til be 
 conutTiu'il ill 
 Itatcntri. 
 
 Exception. 
 
 18 
 
 O.mnnT!' ; ^'''"^? p^I" !''"'r:H' "^ ^^^''i^'^ltnro .shall be the DcnrKy 
 C nssu.nor c,t Patouts c.f Invoi.ti,,,, ; and tlu, Governo ■ u 
 
 iHH ei h, n as may ],e m.vssaiy f,,,- the ].ur|H.SLs of this Act -uul 
 .su..h cIcTlcs ami offi,.ors shall hol.l cfHcc duL^ ^Ae^^nr. N^'oW^ 
 or en.ployo ot the IVa^nt OlHc,. shall l.uv, s ^'o,. a.-iu ro or Sc 
 
 1 ,. n n- '''''''• ''"' '''>''■>' '-^^^'y'on^^nt or transfer thrroof 
 
 one ac(|iusition by bequest. > ^ 
 
 Annual repurt fi Tl,,^ r' , • • i i. 
 
 and list of' •»• !/'« Co u mssioner sliall caiiso a reiiort to bo nronarod 
 
 patent. annually and laul before ParlianK..t of the pLceeding.s uK thi^ 
 
 Pu.,li..atio,i of ;^, bl ; if T ' r"'"" 'r'r^'' ''"'^' '-^"'^ ^^ ^^'^^t <"-« "^ each year 
 speciKcations. 1"! '■^^; m tlui Canada Gazetln a list of patents i,r,anted and mav 
 with the apprm-al of the Governor in Coun.il, c^.iso such s, cS 
 hea ,ons and drawnig.s as n.ay be deenied of interest, o e sent a 
 .arts thereof, to be printed fron, time to tin.e for di tribut on o 
 
 f. 
 
 K 
 
 WHO MAY OBTAIN I'ATEXT.S. 
 
 6. Any ]ierson having invented any new and u.seful art, machine 
 n armfacture or composition of matter, or any new and useful ini-' 
 
 nZ!'';; m'""'^' ''''^' '";^f'"'^^ '"anufacture or composition of 
 natter I ot known or used by others before his invention thereof, 
 and not being in public use or on sale for more than one year pre- 
 ^ lous to his application, in Canada with the consent or allowance 
 
 piesented to the Commissioner, and on compliance with the 
 other rcpiirements of this Act, obtain a patent granting to such 
 peison an exclu.sive property therein ; and the said patent shall be 
 under the sea of the Patent Office and the signatute of the Com! 
 missioner, or the signature of anotlujr member of the Privy Council 
 and shall be good and avail to the grantee, his executors; adminis-' 
 
 Ifrf T ir-'»"' I-"" *^" • J^''"'''^ "mentioned in .such patent ; but no 
 patent shall issue for an invention having an illicit object in view 
 nor for any mere scientific principle or abstract theorem. 
 
 ttnt"fi.r''"' , . ''■ ^''^ ^1 inventor sliall not be entitled to a patent for his inven- 
 Avhich forei-u tion it a patent therefor in any other country shall have been in 
 LSS^it. '^'f''' 'y^^^ r^^^y 'aore than twelve^nonths pHor to the 
 application for such patent in Canada; and if during .such twelve 
 months any person .shall have commenced to manufacture in 
 Canada the article for which .such patent k afterwards obtained 
 such person shah continue to have the right to manufacture and 
 ■sell such article notwithstanding such patent; and under any 
 circumstances where a foreign patent exi.sts, the Canadian patent 
 ahall expn-e at the earliest date at which any foreign iiatent for 
 the same invention expire,s. ./ o x lui 
 
 Any ))(irHon 
 niay obtain a 
 Jiateiit for hU 
 mvnition not 
 Imving Ijufii 
 tlii'n in pnbb"c 
 use in Caiiaila 
 for more than 
 one year, 
 
 Form of 
 patent. 
 
 Proviso : what 
 Hhall not he 
 patentable. 
 
 r 
 
 
 I 
 
bctlie Dopuiy 
 
 Oovernor in 
 
 s and ofKcors 
 
 tliis Act, aiul 
 
 t'. No ofliccr 
 
 uiio.or ti'affic 
 
 '!■ ; and every 
 
 ii.sl'er tlieioof, 
 
 uttoi'ly null 
 
 'iventoi-, or to 
 
 lie 11 re pared 
 gs under this 
 ri each year, 
 tod, and may 
 : such spet'i- 
 , or essential 
 ^tribution or 
 
 If 
 
 
 art, machine, 
 d useful ini- 
 nposition of 
 tion thereof, 
 ne year pre- 
 «• allowance 
 that effect 
 !e with the 
 ^ing to such 
 tent sliall be 
 of the Coni- 
 ivy Council, 
 'I's, adniinis- 
 ent; but no 
 ect in view, 
 m. 
 
 )i' his inven- 
 ve been in 
 irior to the 
 ucli twelve 
 ifacture in 
 s obtained, 
 Eacture and 
 under any 
 lian })atont 
 l>atent for 
 
 \ 
 
 
 8. The patent may be granted to any ]ierson to whom the in- Ropresenta- 
 ventor entitled under the sixth section to obtain a [tatjiit luis [1,^,';",;^,'',,, 
 assigned or lieiiiiraLlicd the right of obtaining the same, <u- in (!.'- "I'tain'thr^^ 
 fault of .suclMissigiiment or ln-ijuest, to the executors or aiiiiiiuis- i'"^^"'- 
 trators or assigns (if the deceased inventoi'. 
 
 9. Any ]>ersoii, who has invented any improvement on anv Am to |,ateiitrt 
 ])atented inventiMU. may ol>tain a |i;itent"^ for such impi'ovement, ^"'' ''"i"""^''' 
 but shall not tlicrciiv olitaiii the right of \ending or using tlie lutriiu"/ 
 original invention. \i><v A\\\\\ tlu; patent for tin- oiiginal invHition ">^''i>i">'-. 
 confer the riglit (.f vending or using the patented imiirovement. '''''"""• 
 
 _ 10. hv cases of joint aj)pl'cations. liie pnt at siiall be granted As t..j,,int 
 ni tlie names of all the applicants: and in such cases, an\- a-slMn- •'i'i'l''^'it.i"ii f"r 
 nient from one of tlic snid a]iplicants or iiabtitees to the\)thci-^or '*'' '" ' 
 
 to any ])er-on, sha 
 ments. 
 
 I'cgistercil in hkr maunci' 
 
 oiiier as-i''ii- 
 
 C().\l>fTl().\S AM) l'(i!!M.\M r(KS. 
 
 1 J . Kvt'ry inventor, liefore a patent can li<' obtained, shall make l>'-vl:irati()u to 
 oath, or, wlien entitle<l b;; law to nuik- an atHrmation instead of l';;/;,i;:|;;t'f^„j 
 an oath, shall make an aiiirmation, tliat he verily believes that he ii patwit. 
 is, or, in the case of the inventor being deceased, the a]iplicant 
 shall make oath or afiirm that the person whose assignee or repre- 
 sentative heis. was the inventor of the invention lor which the 
 p.itent is solicited, and that the sevei'al allegations in the petition 
 contained are respectively true and correct. " Such oath or afiirm- Beforowhom. 
 ation may be made before any Justice of the Peace in Canada; 
 but if the imentor or the applicant is not at the time in Canada 
 the oath or affirmation may be made before any Minister Pleni- 
 potentiary, charge d' ((//aires, consul, vice-consul or consular agent, 
 holding conunission under the Government of the United Kingdom,' 
 or any Judge of the country in wliich the applicant happens at the 
 time to be. 
 
 « 
 
 12. The petitioner for a patent shall f(n' all the purposes of this Applicant to 
 Act elect his domicile at some kn(jwn and specified place in Canada hSmS'r'''''' 
 and mention the same in his petition for a i)atent. ' ' " 
 
 _ 13. The applicant .shall, in his petition for a patent, in.sert the Particulars . 
 title or name of the invention, and shall, with the iietition, send in '•'^'i"P«^.in 
 a specification, in duplicate. apphcatum. 
 
 14. The sjiecification shall coi-rectly and fully describe the Specification 
 mode or modes of operating contemplated by" the inventor •?'"• '^'i''^''V 
 and shall state clearly and distinctly the contrivances and thing.s what 'to show. 
 Avhich he clanns as new and for the use of which he claims an 
 exclusive property and privilege : it shall bear the name of the 
 place where it is made, the date, and be sigred by the inventor 
 if he be alive, (and if not by the applicant) >' two witnesses • ^n 
 
■*<!f' 
 
 fii'.n\ing«, 
 
 20 
 
 r.„ 1.1..,,. -"•'< -t tin. Han./ i tea , ':':.tK;;'''"'''''' ^" 'HM-Iy and 
 
 and Hl,.ll l.avo wriH ^i S^^ 5 ' ! "^'''';:''^"t '^^ 
 
 ti"". '".t tiio cN.nnni::;-H',^;: ";;';:;;:; -jf 7^'' ti.o specific/ 
 
 niiviol to 111' 
 •li'livorci) t.> 
 tin- ('Vniini.4. 
 Nii/iiur. 
 
 u coM.pu.ition (.rn>att<.r ■ n.ov'd ■ , J ^"'"•l\^'^ ^he invention is 
 tinn are not ..fan .'x, Iviv • '. , "'«;'-"'l'^'"ts mid oo.upoHi- 
 
 w..|,ia«iv. I'V t i(j Cninnirai,,,,,,,. ,,„,l ,1, ' ' ■ , ^, » >ormlly TO|mml 
 
 ^"Uk'IltH of 
 
 l«ltl'lltl). 
 
 Conditions. 
 
 iJiimiiuu of 
 
 patents Mj,(l 
 ptiriudiial ex- 
 tt'imioii— uot 
 uxcefdiiij,' 
 titttifu ytnrs 
 iu all. 
 
 I'ol'.'U (if cx- 
 
 tfii.sidii. 
 
 CONTENTS, DUIUTION, SURREXHKU, lUMSSUE OF PATENTS AND 
 
 msCLAJ.MEUS. 
 
 -a,Kl .shall ,.,-a„t to t r,, .;* ."/"''■■'■'-■'"^r '» "'« »lK-'i«o,itio„, 
 '■f ■■••'"■■^ir,4;^:s:ii!f""' '" "'l.""l'""">» '^■■■forn ,■,„,• Court 
 
 five 
 •.s iu 
 ?uc'lx 
 
 time adopted to bo •ift'ifl.,.,! 'VJu'i '""^^' "''^.>' ^e ironi time ( -. 
 
 oi tho Pnvy Council i„ c,,«. of ab.o„c. of" tl.o S;.^^;;^":'''"' 
 
 '4 
 
^I'liiinthoprin- 
 1 to Jipply and 
 any otlior caso 
 « of (Irawinif.^. 
 
 lion ; and each 
 of his attoniiy 
 li the flj)ci'ifica- 
 ^^■ill^l,'s or dia- 
 l>IicRto of the 
 ■inifs, ?,1ian 1)0 
 1 I'nrt, and tJio 
 
 .ssjon(>r, unle.ss 
 'cas^n, a neat 
 It', t.'xliiltitiiicT 
 ontionadmita 
 rspccinionsof 
 Mulfici.int in 
 L* invtiiition is 
 and ronipoMi- 
 lan^'crous, in 
 ally io(iuiivd 
 « HM 8liall be 
 
 TENTS AND 
 
 contain tlie 
 ■ipfcification, 
 niini.strators, 
 :• granting of 
 
 of making, 
 sed, till! said 
 ' any Court 
 
 Hco sliall 1)0 
 iti'.m of tlio 
 '■ live or ttMi 
 "the patent 
 ' live years, 
 ■iod of five 
 ill years in 
 ee for yucli 
 oia time 1 . 
 latent, and 
 ierruenibcr 
 sioner. 
 
 V 
 
 •4 
 
 i 
 
 21 
 
 18. Every jintent and iiistrnnu-nt for tlie cxteiiisinn of time aa I'ntcntor ««• 
 aforenaid .shall, lu'forn it \s signed liy tlie r()iniiiissi()n(r (ir any 'j'|^"j|!",*"'^''; 
 other member of tli(^ Privy Counril and before the seal liereinbefore Miniufi of 
 meiitioneil is atlixed to it", be exaniiiu'd by thr .Mini^^ter of .histiee, •'_;'^''^^[^^;|^"'f''"'« 
 •who, if he finds it eiiii'iiimable to law, .•ball certify aeeordingly, 
 and sn(>h jiaterit oi- instriiment may tlien be .signed and tlio seal 
 aflixed thereto, and boin'' duly registeivil. shall avail to tln' gnintoe 
 thereof. 
 
 19. \Vho!iever any patent slinll be deemed de.'petivo or in- 
 ojierntive by rea.son of insufficient description or sjiecitieation, or 
 by )-ea,son of the patentee claiming more than he had a right to 
 claim HH jiew, but at tlii^ same tiTiie it appears that (he error arose 
 from inadvertence, accident or mistake, without any fraudulent 
 or deceptive intention, the < 'ommi.ssioner may, upon the surrender 
 of .such jiatent and the payment of the further fee liereinaftir 
 ])rovidrd, cause a new ])atent, in acconlancu with an amentled 
 description and sjiecitieation to be made liy .such patentee, to bo 
 i.'-Hiied to him for the same invention for any ]iart or the whole 
 of the then unexjiired residue of the peri<id for which the tu-iginal 
 patent wa.s or might have been, a.s hereinlieforo directed, granted : 
 — In ca.se of the death of the original jiatentee or of his haviuf^ 
 assigned the patent, a like right shall vest in his u.ssigneo or legal 
 representative : The lu.-w patent, and the amended de.seription 
 and specification, .shall have the same effect in law, on the tiial of 
 any action thereafter commenced bn- any enuse subsequently 
 accruing, a.s if the same liad been originally tiled inbucheonecteJ 
 form before tlie issue of the original patent. 
 
 20. Similarly, whenever by any mi.stako, accident or inadver- 
 tence, and without any wilful intent to defraud or mislead the 
 public, a ])atentee has made his specification too broad, claiming 
 more than that of which he or the party through whom he claims 
 wa.s the first inventor, or has in the specification claimed that he 
 or the party through whom he claims was the tirst inventor of 
 any material or substantial pait of the invention patented, of 
 which he was not the first inventor, and to which he had no legal 
 right ; — the ])atentce niay, on payment of the fee hereinafter pro- 
 vided, n>ake disclaimer of such parts as he does not claim to hold by 
 virtue of the patent or the £ussigument thereof Such disclaimer 
 shall be in writing, and in duplicate, and attested in the manner 
 hereinbefore prescribed for a ])atent, one copy to be filed and 
 recorded in the ofiice of the Commissioner, the otlier copy to be 
 attached to the ])atent and made a part thereof by reference, and 
 such disclaimer .shall therealter be taken and considered as part of 
 the original specification. Such disclaimer shall not affect any 
 action pending at the time of its being made, except in so far as 
 may relate to the question of unreasonable neglect or delay in 
 making it. In case of the death of the original Patentee or of 
 Ids having assigned the patent, a like right shall vest in his assigns 
 or legal representatives respectively, any of whom may make 
 disclaimer. The patent shall therealter be deemed good and 
 
 Tu Uf I'tKIB 
 
 raiif* elf «>rr«r, 
 kr., the Tom- 
 ininsidnrr nifty 
 
 patont toijuat", 
 on araendfd 
 iipfciflentidn. 
 
 Effect (>f tifiw 
 patunt and 
 iip«<.'ificati(>H 
 
 Pateute* may 
 disclaim anv- 
 thinj{ iucluiW 
 in the patent 
 by uiiHtiikf. 
 
 Form. 
 
 DiHcloinieriiot 
 to atfoct ynu- 
 diiiu iiuitii. 
 
 In cose of death 
 of patentee. 
 

 valid' to. 
 
 28 
 
 tial 
 
 ■ts 
 
 
 ♦•I'lfllllll,. ; 
 
 liiay i|.,. 
 
 ''■■Itcllt.- t.) I.,. 
 
 "■-•■'iKmilili-. 
 
 AMKmx.KM. AN. ,xk;,„. 
 
 •MKNT ..,•• l'\Ti:\rs. 
 
 -°^=='SE3HSSr'"S 
 
 •»•» 
 
 ■ '";^';'y I'.'itt.iit / 
 
 ll.si- til. .re,./: 
 
 I'" lie I'l'^fM- 
 t'Tld oil |,,J,| 
 
 "f l.iillity. 
 
 Remedy for 
 "miiih'iiiiii.t 
 
 
 ,..1 • 1 r--- ijin-M, iH'Ior 
 
 "'"''™"''™'-l"-'-i«..0,M„„,,,„i,„ 
 
 33. Ev 
 
 infniififmc.nt 
 
 a ente. an an action of <lan a /e 1 ."^ •^" '''''''" ^'^ ''^^''i^ *<> il 
 '''•"'ai-e.s asked for an<l Ln in •/ ^ .•'"^•'«^''^'ti«>n to tho a.nonnf f 
 
 -^ie], the infVi.,o;,";;l t i^^^^^j'^^^ -thin the p;!;; •:"j ;;^ 
 
 the same time, of the ConvtTnr • ^'^""'"'^ I'^^''^^- '^n^l beiuo- «V 
 
 v;m..the one of ..hlertt"pi;;:;:'o^Tri S"''" ^^^^'^''^^^^^^^ 
 - aceot resuenecovofbnsinefof^^^^^ „,,,^,^t ^^ 
 
 ■^f'-" .Wule t].o case and d.t.n^Utz':^^''''^'^^} ^"^^ «"ch Court 
 
 / 
 
 ^^* 
 
 Injnnctiou 
 
 ",ii" 
 
 imimifacture, tv ,v..lt .f the snlTC. ." ' .. ^—"-^ ""'" uuxi.er use 
 
S3 
 
 ^'"' •lisclaiiiinjifc's 
 .'"'"' «iil.,stftiitinl 
 
 ''••'III ntlicr puits 
 
 Iji' •-•nfitlu^l to 
 
 'i:N-r.s. 
 
 ' 'i|'.V I'lUeiitf-l 
 < 'I'lniuissioiKT 
 
 '!>''• til. '!■,.,, i; 
 ■^'♦ii'-'<! sliall 1,0 
 
 "•■^ '" .•III,\ jKilt 
 
 ',y'''t tr' I. ink,. 
 
 'iiul llsu tlio 
 
 ^"; 'iii.\- jjart 
 
 iinissiuiKT, ill 
 
 innis;wi(,i|,,,. ,|f 
 
 't <'l/il'i-ti||,,- ;i, 
 
 <'re<l as Ik-il.. 
 '"■"•lit iiiulcr 
 
 ''tin.i,' of the 
 ivention for 
 "y lnvvioiis 
 tiLliorizcMJ to 
 iiil'lu to tho 
 
 '^M'ii<lK"ieiifc 
 'c adjiulyotl, 
 ^ the Couit 
 
 be broil o lit 
 iiinoiirif, of 
 'rovii,,, . ;,. 
 I beiiiu-, at. 
 such Pro- 
 -'«t to tJie 
 "cli Court 
 action for 
 iiy Judge 
 ^bo aj)j»Ji- 
 iicb oi-der 
 '■tbcr use, 
 '', and for 
 t'r, or for 
 proceoU- 
 
 / 
 
 kW' 
 
 7^ 
 
 ' Coiiit oi'.Tinl;;. may see lit;— but, from Ai.jmhI 
 
 l»IIc»WI'(l, 
 
 iiigs ill the ftftion, as 
 
 Huch ordrr, ati ni.pcal shall lie imd.T tin- sanii) fircnnistfiiMvs and 
 to the M«nio Court, as from otlior judi,'montH or ordi-s of the Court 
 m wlucb tlic Older was mado. 
 
 25. Wlion.^vcr tbc i^laintilf liiils to sustain Irs m-tion. bccauHO Cnurt m«v 
 Ills spi'i-iliratioii atid claim fmla'acc moro than that of wliich ho '.''"•""''''ato 
 was t|„. tirst inventor, and it appears t but the dt-femlant iis.mI or cU7""" 
 iiiliii'^rd any part of the invention, justly and truly specified and 
 claimed as n.w, tlio court may discriminate, ami tho judinTiont 
 may he reiidi \v<l accordingly. 
 
 -f». I liM deiendant, in any snob action, may specially plead as l)..fonc«in 
 matter t;l dufciice, any fact or default which, "^ l>v this i\ct, or l,y -^ftionHfor 
 law, -would render tb(! patent Void 
 
 ,.. .octicnH tor 
 ^ infrint'ittirnt. 
 
 , and the Court .shall take co;f' 
 ni/aiKT ot that special plea.lin.,' and of the facts connected there- 
 with, and .shall decide the ca.se accoidingly, 
 
 NULLITY, l.Ml'EACIIMENT AND AVolDANt'K OF PATENT.S. 
 
 27. A ])at(?nt shall be void, if any material allegation in tho Patent i, uim 
 jietition or declaration of the a])plicant be untrue, or if tho sneci- 'l^dnred (.id 
 tications and drawings contain more or less than is necessary for canef o!'\ UKl 
 obtaining the end for which they jiurport to be made, .such omis- "nly fori)art. 
 sion or addition being wilfully made for the purpose of mislead- 
 ing-; hutil It shall ap|)ear to the Court that such omission or 
 addition is simply an involuntary error, and it is proved that tho 
 patentee is entitled to the remainder of his patent pro hmto, tho 
 Court .shall render a judgment in accordance Avith the facts, and 
 determine as to costs, and the patent shall be held valid for such 
 part of the invention descrihed; and two office copies of 8uch Copy of iu.ltr. 
 judgment .shall he furnished to the Patent Office f)y the iiatentee numttol,!. ^ 
 one to bo regi.stcrod and to remain of recoixl in the ofKce, and the office" ^'"^ 
 otlicr to bo attachtid to the patent, and made a i)art of it by a 
 I'oierence. 
 
 fatfut 
 
 -8. Every patent granted under this Act shall be subject and 
 (■npres.sed to bo subject to the condition that such patent and all 
 the rights and i)rivileges thereby granted shall cease and deter- 
 mine and the patent shall be null and void, at the end of two years 
 from the date thereof unless the patentee, or his assignee or 
 a8,signecs shall, within that period have commenced, and .shall, 
 after such commencement, .ontinuously carry on in Canada 
 the construction or manufacture of the' in\-ention or dLseovery 
 patented, in such manner that any iierson desiring to use it may 
 obtain it, oi- cause it to hf^ made for bini at a reasonable price, at 
 .soine manufactory or estal)li.shment for making or constructinrr it 
 in Canada, and that such patent shall bo void if, after the exifira- 
 tion of twelve in,,nth.s from the grantirig thereui; the iiatentee or 
 Jus assignee or assignees, for the whole or a part of his interest in 
 the patent, imports, or causes to be imported into Canada, the 
 
 Patents to be 
 cnndjtioiial 
 for the manu- 
 facture in 
 C'an.idtt of the 
 thinji 
 patented ; 
 
 And of the ))ar 
 tentee's not 
 importing it 
 into Canada. 
 
term fornianu 
 facture in 
 Canada, 
 
 I'roceedings 
 for impeach- 
 ment of 
 patent. 
 
 his deputy, whose decision slm]! bo final ^S^cHiIture, or 
 
 Commissioner '> WlTfii^xr,.,. „ ,. „x . i , 
 
 mayextonrithe -, ^^"^^t^vei a patentee has been unable to r-^w^r ^v, +i 
 
 tennformanu. con.struct.on Or n^antifacture of ]iis in^■ent n vithi 'Th w " '"''■ 
 
 lerenibetoro mentioned, tl>e CVnnnussion, '^ the two years 
 
 tentee a furtlier delay en his a(lcC ,Tn > v J f ^ Z?'''"'^ •*" ^'^'^ P'*^" 
 
 thc Commissioner that he vL^ W^^^^^^ ^" the satisfaction of 
 
 vented from crm.,>ly n . with h, --oT f ^'""'^ l"""^ '^"^^*™1 P^'^" 
 
 shall be tims ^n-ai ed fn any c Ke In \ "*^ "" f f ^ ^'''^^''' ^^^lay 
 
 before prescribed "^ ' '"^ ^^^'^^^"^' "^^ ^^^-^ ^^"^0 l^erein- 
 
 thi!l^ii:Xn:3c/:;ni;rn' /'"^ ^^^^^^^ ^--^ -^^-• 
 
 of the petition, Sl^^^^i^^Sm^a^r'^r^^ 
 relafcinir.and may Jiave the sSmo fit fi ^'^^^^^g^ thereunto 
 r^otary^or Clerk of ^e S peno Com- for t f p'''-°^ '^^ ^'''^^'- 
 or of the Court of Queen's Bench nvP -^'^r''"" ^^ Q^^^^-^^- 
 
 vince of Ontario, orTtTeSuirete^C^^^^^^^^ Pleas for the Pro- 
 Scotia, or of the Court of QKrEenof /n/^ p '"'•"'' "^^'^^^ 
 
 Brunswick aecording to tlirrm^X o ^ e,l w"^^^^ 
 
 as aforesaid or in the Ponrf r>f i,; i a- .^i'.''^*^ ^y the patentee 
 
 of Manitoba «^^i^^:l^'^iS:7^'ZS" Vf"? 
 on the Matter an.l decide as to coits TI.Mf » i «'j"<l'™'o 
 aforesaid shall then be held as of rtord ,' S h f" , "'"""""■='"' 
 ™t of Scire faeim under the seulTf tl,? ?" . °"'''- ?" "'*' » 
 such record may issue for the re .eaUf L 2 Pr"'"''"' "1'°" 
 aforesaid, if upon proceediuES hlTl^JtJ^^T'- '»'' ™"f '^•' 
 w,th the meaning 'of this Ac\ t^'pZ 't ta:,!!;' Ved ZTtS. 
 
 thereupon b and be led tolawT'' ""• ""i I""«'" »'"'" 
 other cases ove?tho Court bV ^tj^heir ttV^i^'"" " 
 
 PATENTS ISSUED UNDER FOnMEU LAWS. 
 
 32. All patents issued imder anv A^f ,.f +i, t • i ^ 
 
 late Province of Canada, o Nova Se.t a o of ??''^t""' '^^¥ 
 or of Priti^h Columbi-, inA nil ^'V^f ^''tia o. of New Prunswick 
 Onf nrin ,",.VV ' ] patents i.ssued for the Provinces of 
 
 Ontano and Quebec, under any Act of the late Province of Snada. 
 
 Scire farias 
 may issue. 
 
 •Tndgment 
 voiding patent 
 ♦o be filed in 
 Patent Office. 
 
 To be subject 
 to appeal. 
 
 Existing Pro- 
 ▼incial and 
 J)oinininn 
 l)at('nts to 
 remain n 
 force. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 \ 
 
i^iJed always, 
 patent lia.s or 
 f this .section, 
 ^'riculturo, or 
 
 ' on tlic con- 
 'ho two _yecar,s 
 it to tlio pa- 
 atisiaction of 
 control pre- 
 iirthcr delay 
 ^■inie herein- 
 
 ssucd under 
 ■ patent and 
 s tiiereunto 
 the Protho- 
 ' of Quebec, 
 "or the Pro- 
 iice of Nova 
 ice of New 
 10 patentee 
 le Province 
 adjudicate 
 documents 
 , so that a 
 nded upon 
 f cause as 
 accordance 
 to bo void. 
 
 fc shall, at 
 «rd in the 
 ent of the 
 .tent shall 
 no effect, 
 as herein- 
 
 be subject 
 diction iu 
 red. 
 
 ire of the 
 nniHwick 
 vinces of 
 " Canada, 
 
 and all patents issued under the "Patent Act of 1809," to the 
 date of the coming into 0[)eration of the pveseut Act, shall remain 
 in force for the same term and for the same extent of territory, as 
 if the Act under which they were issued h;id not Ikhmi repealed, but 
 subject tt) the provisions of this Act in so far as applicable to them. 
 
 2. And it shnll bo lawful for the Conuuissioner, upon the aiipli- K>:tonsionof 
 cation of the patentee iiamud in any siu-h patent, being the inven- pittiitu to 
 tor of the subject matter of tlie patent, if the subject matter ol'otlu'i- I'm- 
 the patent has not been known or used, nor with the consent of the e"rtahl om- 
 pateutee on sale iu any of the other rrovinces of tlie Dominion, ditious. 
 to issue on jjaj-ment of the projiei- fees in that behalf a patent 
 under this Act extending such Provincial ])atent (A'cr the whole 
 of the Dominion, for the remainder of the term mcntionetl in the 
 Provincial patent. 
 
 33. All the records of the Patent OHiccs of tlie late Province 'Hucnnisof 
 of Canada, and of the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec, of Nova ratoiToificea 
 Scotia and New Brunswick and British Columbia, shall be to \w handed 
 handed over by the officers in charge of them to the Conunis- Comuiissionur. 
 sioncr of Patents of invention, to form part of the records of the 
 
 Patent Office for the purposes of this Act. 
 
 TARIFF OF FEES. 
 
 34. The following fees shall be payable to the Commissioner, Tariff of fucs. 
 before an ajijilication for any of the purposes hereinafter men- 
 tioned shall be entertained, that is to say : 
 
 On petition for a patent for 5 years 820 00 
 
 On petition for a patent for 10 years 40 00 
 
 On petition for a patent for 15 years (iO 00 
 
 On petition for extension from 5 to 10 years 20 00 
 
 On ])etiti()n for extension from 10 to 15 years ... 20 00 
 On petition for extension from 5 to 15 years ... 40 00 
 
 On lodging a caveat 5 00 
 
 On asking to register a judgment p/'o ^rt?ifo 4 00 
 
 On asking to register an assignment 2 00 
 
 On asking to attach a disclaimer to a patent 2 00 
 
 On asking for a copy of patent with specification 4 00 
 On petition to re-issue a patent after surrender, 
 
 and on ])etition to extend a former jjatent to 
 
 the Dominion, for c\ery unexpired year of 
 
 the duration of sub-patent, the fee shall be 
 
 at the rate of 4 00 
 
 ^ On office copies of documents, not above mentioned, the fol- 
 owing charges shall be made : — 
 
 For every single or first folio of certified copy SO 50 
 
 For eveiy subsequent hundred words (fractions 
 from and under fifty being not counted, and over 
 
 fifty being counted for one hundred) 25 
 
 4i 
 
26 
 
 such sum as the Coii.i.s.sionoi rnn J i ^ ? .^^'P^y^^S ^^I'-^^l P^y 
 time and labor expendtl Son v n'''^ i'-^'-'jemun, n-ation for 
 or person employed t,a porfmn,ii[ se/vit ''" ^^' ^ '^"'^"'"^ 
 
 Siol'lir"" '*?«• The said fc^^s sliall be in full of nil 
 services. Under this Act, in any such case, bv the Cont.-'':^'''^^-'^ ^'''^'''''''^ 
 
 son employed in the Patent Office '"^"^^ -i«sioner or any per- 
 
 oy persons 
 
 Returnof fees 38. No fp' 
 in certain cases „r „. . " 
 
 only. ot any pp- 
 
 person- ^,.son;'and no fee, 
 who paid it, except 
 
 shall be made the subject of oxcra])tion in. favor 
 and no fee, once paid, shall be rctuiined to the 
 
 U^ 
 
 1. When the invention is not susceptible of being patented j 
 
 2. When the petition for a Patent is withdrawn ; 
 
 And in every such case the Commissioner may return one half 
 of the fee paid ; 
 
 Case o! with- And in thc case of withdrawal, a fresh application shalbbe 
 drawal. necessary to revive the claim, as if no proceeding had taken placo 
 
 in the matter. 
 
 1 
 
 MISCELLAKE0U3 PROVISIONS, 
 
 Intending 39. An intending applicant for a patent who lias not yetpei'- 
 
 appHcant for a fected his invention and is in fear of being despoiled of his idea, 
 TcavS »«ay file in the Patent Office a description of his invention 
 80 far, with or without plans, at his own will ; and _ the 
 Conunissioner, on reception of the fee hereinbefore prescribed, 
 shall cause the said document to be preserved in secrecy, with the 
 exception of delivering copies of the same whenever required by 
 the said party or by any judicial tribunal — the secrecy of tho 
 document to cease when he obtains a patent for his invention ; 
 and such document shall be called a caveat : Provided always that 
 Effectof cawat if application shall be made by any otherpcrson for a patent for 
 any invention with which such caveat may in any respect interfere, 
 it shall be the duty of the Commissioner forthwith to give notice 
 by mail to the person who has filed such caveat, and such person 
 shall within three months after the date of mailing the notice, if 
 he would avail himself of the caveat, file his petition and take tho 
 other steps necessary on an apitlicatiijn fur patent, and if, in tho 
 opinion of the Commissioner the applications are interfering, like 
 proceedings may be had in all respects as are by this Act provided 
 in the case of interfering a])plications : Provided further, that 
 
27 
 
 shall pay 
 ! ration for 
 epartment 
 
 performed 
 or any per- 
 
 ■) ver to tho 
 1 Revenue 
 ir copies of 
 ios in the 
 
 )n lit favor 
 ned to the 
 
 itented ; 
 
 m one half 
 
 m shall > be 
 aken place 
 
 loi yet pei'- 
 )f his idea, 
 invention 
 and the 
 prescribed, 
 y, with the 
 equired by 
 .'ecy of the 
 invention ; 
 ilways that 
 L patent for 
 ct interfere, 
 give notice 
 uch person 
 le notice, if 
 id take tho 
 id if, in the 
 fering, like 
 ct provitled 
 irther, that 
 
 unless t ho person filing any cdccM shall within one year from tho Provko: 
 filing ^ -hereof liave made apnlication for a ])atout, tho Commis- oVwum" 
 .sioiwr of Patents sIiuU bo nuioved from thi* obligation of givin<T 
 notjcf ;, tlie cavi'ii.t then reniainiiig as a simple matter of proof as 
 to iif jvelty or priority of invention if needed. 
 
 • .-O. The Commissi(nier may object to grant a patent in tho Commissioner 
 M lowing cases :— ' ' m.-.y object to 
 
 o trraiit a i)atcnt 
 
 .■rt!\in 
 
 1. When he is of opinion that the alleged invention is not '^'*''^^' 
 "patentable in law; 
 
 2. When it appears to him that the inventittn is already in the pos- 
 session of the pu])lic with the consent or idlowance of tho inventor ; 
 
 S. 'When it appears to him that there is no novelty in tho 
 mva[\tion ; 
 
 4. When it apj)ears that the invention has boon described in a 
 'book or other printed publication before tho dato of the applica- 
 ition, or is otherwise in the possession of the public ; 
 
 '). When it a})poars that tho invention has already been 
 
 ■ patented in Canada (or elsewhere, when the case is one within 
 
 ■ the seventh section of this Act,) except, however, when the case is 
 
 ■ one in which tho Connnissioner has doubts as to whether tho 
 patentee or tho applicant is the first inventor. 
 
 41. Whenever the Commissioner objects to grant a patent as CommiaHioner 
 aforesaid, he shall notify the api)licant to that effect and shall *;^"jn^^^£ 
 state the ground or reason therefor with sufficient detail to objection to 
 enable the applicant to answer, if he can, the objection of the aiipiicant. 
 <3cunmissioner. 
 
 •^i2. Every applicant who has failed to obtain a patent by Appeal by 
 rnvtmn of the objection of the Connnissioner as aforesaid, may at S'.v'fJ^"* in 
 anvy ttime within six months after notice thereof has been ad- Council, 
 .dressed to hinx or his agent, appeal from the decision of the Com- 
 j3rii»f3ioner to the Governor in Council. 
 
 43. In case of interfering applications for any patent, the same Arbitration in 
 .shall be subnutted to the arbitration of three skilled persons, one cans of inter- 
 of whom shall be chosen by each of the applicants, and the third JSa, '''''^*"' 
 person shall be chosen by the Commissioner or by his deputy or 
 the ])erson appointed to perform tho duty of that office ; — And 
 the decision or award of such arbitrators, or any two of them, 
 delivered to the Commissioner in writing, and subscribed by then\ 
 or any two of them, shall be final as for as respects the granting 
 of the patent : 
 
 2. If either of the applicants refuses or fails to choose an The same : 
 arbitrator, when rcfpiires^l so to do fey the Commissioner, the AM'"".'tn"-nt 
 patent shall issue to the opjiosite party ;— And when there are ''''*"'™*«'^ 
 more than two interfering applicants, and the parties applying do. 
 
28 
 
 not .ill luiito in a,ppnintin!:j tliico nrliitrators, tlio r'omniissioncr or 
 liis (lcj)iitv or jici'son !i;ipi)iiito(l to ])('iform tlio duty oi'tliat otHcci', 
 may apjioint tin- tlnv;' avi.itii'tors ior tlie puvpL'se:-; afuri'Stiid. 
 
 'Piicir o.-ith of 3- 'ill'"' avbitvatovs ,so Damcu .shall, Ixjfove a jii<l,a;o of any court 
 oiKte. ill ;j),y ,,{■ the l'^o^•illcc;8 of Cauada, ynljscvibu to thi' ri)ll(i\vin<.j oath : 
 
 "I, the undcrsitjiKMl fA.B.), hviwy; duly a])|)oiiiicd an arbitrator 
 " under the autlioiity of tin' forty-third function of Tiic Pahnk 
 "Act of lS/2, do hereby solenudy swear (nr atHrin, ((.-i the case 
 " nu' 11 he), that I -will well and truly ])erfonn toe duty of sueh 
 " arbitrator on the interfering jipplieations of (CD. and E.F.) 
 " sulnnitted to mo." 
 
 Powers of 4. The arbitrators, or anyone of them, after having been .so 
 
 L",',!!!!r*'"'' /" sv,-oi-n, Khali hive the noAver of fiujuniouing ln'fore them any party 
 
 Hwrar^it- or Witness, an<i ot I'eijumng lorn to give evidence dU (tilth, orally 
 
 iKsscs, ^jj. jjj v^i-ij-ii-jg' (or on solemn alHrmiition, if the ]i(r-;on bo entitled 
 
 to afiirm in civil matters), and to produce such documents and 
 
 things as such arbitrators deem recpiisite to the full investigation 
 
 of the matters into "svliicli tliey aio appointed to examine, and 
 
 shall then have the same ])Ower to enlbrco the attendance of such 
 
 witnesses, and to com])el them to give evidence, as is vested in any 
 
 court of law in civil cases, in the Province in which the arbitration 
 
 is to be had ; and any wilfully ialso statement madi> by any such 
 
 Wilful false witness on oath or solemn atKimation, shall be deemed to 1)0 
 
 lu lio -yvilful and corrupt perjur}' : but no such ])arty or witness shall be 
 
 compelled to answer any question, l)y his answer to which ho 
 
 might render himself liable to a criminal prosecution. 
 
 As tf) fncs to 5. The fees for the services of arbitrators shall be a matter of 
 
 a 'hitiators agreement between th(,' said arbitrators and the parties, and shall 
 
 payable. be p.aid by the jtarties naming them, resjjoctively, exce])t those of 
 
 the arbitrator or ai'bitrators when named by the Commissioner of 
 
 Patents, which shall be paid by the applicants jointly. 
 
 Itirjiiry 
 
 jiocuments to 44. All Specifications, drawings, models, disclaimers, judgments 
 '"-'■'>"'" <^" and other papei'S, except cureats, sl.all be open to the inspection of 
 
 the public at the Patent Oillce, under such regulations as may bo 
 
 ado])ted in that behalf. 
 
 iiisiiuttioii. 
 
 Ah to l■knc.^l 45. Clerical errors hajipening in the fiamlng or c>i])ying of any 
 «"•<■■'"'■ iD.'.lrument of the Patent < Miivje, shall not bo construed as invalidat- 
 
 ing the sair>e, Init v.de^n diseovered tliey may bo corrected under 
 the auth'irti\- of the CoJoiuissioner. 
 
 Di'stroyod 46. Ill caso an}^ patent be Jestroyed or lost, other;-; of tlic like 
 
 yiMtent in.ay be tenor, date, and efitvt ma-\' be issued in lieu thereof, on the party 
 paying tlie lees hereivoeloro prescribed lor omce copies ot docu- 
 ments. 
 
 As to us.' of •*"• ^" patent shall extend to prevent tiie use of any invention 
 patented _ in any foreign .ship or vessel, where such invention is not so used 
 {ordgn'vesBcls ^•'^' *^^"' maiuifactuiv of an}- goods to Ix; vended within or exported 
 fi-om Canada. 
 
2» 
 
 iiiHsioncr or 
 tliat otKoer, 
 
 if any court 
 iv.iiiL'" oatli : 
 ii nvliitiator 
 Thv Pahnc 
 ((■-I lit'' case 
 iity lit" siu'li 
 . ivnd E.F.) 
 
 viy licou so 
 a Jiiiy party 
 o.itli, orally 
 lie entitled 
 uments and 
 iivestiyation 
 :aniino, and 
 nee of such 
 jsted in any 
 i arbitration 
 )y any such 
 jined to 1)0 
 less shall ho 
 \) which ho 
 
 a matter of 
 .>s, and .shall 
 ■])t those of 
 nissioner of 
 
 ;, judgments 
 nspection of 
 s as nia}' ho 
 
 )ylng-of any 
 'IS invalidat- 
 ecfced under 
 
 of tlic like 
 n the party 
 ies of docu- 
 
 ly invention 
 not so used 
 or exported 
 
 48. 
 
 Every person who hefori^ the isRuin!:f of a patent has inir- P ' '^.t not to 
 
 ,.->,, of, .„,.t,„l ->.. r,,.-,,,;,....1 : *-':.... e. i,:..i. „ ,.„i.,..i. a tVct a inv-. 
 
 chased, constiueted, or ac(iuirc<l a,ii\' inveiition for whii-h a patent vilms |^)nr 
 
 1.0 
 
 ' fT, 
 
 has been ol)tained muler this Act. shall li;ive the riyht of iising (-h.-wr' ,^f tho 
 
 and Acndin;,;' to olliers, the specitic artie!.', iuachino, nianuuieiure '"^''"i"''''- 
 
 or coni})osition of matter jiatenti.'d, so purchaseil, constructed or 
 
 acquired before the issui> of the i;atent tiH'Vefor, Nvithout beiiii;' 
 
 liable to tho patentee or his representatives for so dni!i;': but tlie I'-rovir.n : A.^t. 
 
 patent shall not be held invalid as regards otln^r }K'rs',!is io,- reason "tl»-i" I't'i'-nu;. 
 
 of sucli pnreliase, construction or acoulsitioii, (»r use of tl; ■ i;;ve!)- 
 
 tion by the jterson first aforesaid, or by those to v.honi lie may 
 
 have sold the same, nnlo.ss the same Avas purchased, constructed 
 
 o;- acquired oi- used f(jr a longer pei'iod tliau one year before tho 
 
 a})|)lication for a patent therefor, — which circumstance would then 
 
 have the eflect of making the invention one liaving liecoiin.' public 
 
 and in public use. 
 
 49. Every patentee uuiler this Act, shall stamp or engrave on P.itratfd 
 each patented article, sold or olfered for sale by liiui, the year *>t';)|'.';|!,'.'','[; .|.'j' 
 tho date of ])atent applying to such article, thus: — " Patented .sudi?^*^ '^' 
 1S72," — or as the case maybe; and any such patentee selling (ir 
 otiering for sale any such pa*-(,'nted article not so marked, shall bo 
 
 liable to the ])unishment of a lino not to e.Kcoed one hundi'e<l ivnalty fi,r 
 dollars, and, in default of the ])ayment of such fine, to imprison- '^^f'^'i't. 
 meat not to exceed two months. 
 
 50. Whosoever writes, paints, jiriiits, moulds, oasts, carves, FaUly 
 engraves, .stamps or otherwise marks ui)on anything made or «ol(l ty;|''':','"i:''^"^ ' 
 by him, and for the sole making or selliTig of wluch he is not lKlt,l■nt,■,i,(ollu 
 the i)atentee, tho name or any imitation of the name of any i^i",j|^','y' 
 patentee foi- tho sole making or selling of such thing without the 
 
 coriscnt of such i)atentee — or without tlio consent of the patentee, 
 
 Avrites, paints, prints, moulds, casts, carves, engraves, stanq)s or 
 
 otherwise marks u[)on anything not ]nirchased from the ipatenteo, 
 
 the words, "Patent" ''Letters Patent," "Queen's Patent," 
 
 " Patented," or any Avord or words of like impf)rt, with tho intent 
 
 of counterfeiting or imitating the stamp, mark, or device of the 
 
 ])atentee, or of deceiving the public and inhicing them to believe 
 
 that the thing in question was m.ado or sob b}' or Avith the con- 
 
 .sent of the luitentee, or Avh.osoever puts to sale as patented, any 
 
 article not patented in Canada, for the puiposo of dec(,'ivi)ig tli'e 
 
 ])ublic,-— shall bo deemed guilty of misdemeanor, and sh;dl on Puiillimont. 
 
 conviction be ]ninishod therefor by Ihio, or by iioprisonuicnt, or 
 
 both, in the discretion of tlio Court, before which the conviction 
 
 shall be had; but the fine .shall not exceed two hundred dolhir.s, 
 
 nor shall th.c imprisonment exceed three months. 
 
 51. Any person vvilfuily making or causing to bo made any Makin- false 
 false entry in any register or book, or any false or altered copy ()f!;nt>-y -'I'coiiy 
 any document relating to the purposes of this A(;t, or who shall «""/«" to%lii.4 
 produce or tender any .such false or altered document, knoAving "''^'t *■" '"' ^ 
 the saino to be such, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall ""''''•■«"-''"'^""' 
 be punished by lino and impii-jcumeut accordingly. 
 
InconsiHtent 
 
 t'lHU'tllHTltH 
 
 repealed. 
 
 30 
 
 lat5S^^f'jS;!s:^4^!;sS'"J^;s^^ or the 
 
 Clmptor one hundrcl ami soWonf of tt L •' \'%T^^^^^'~- 
 Nova Scotia (tlnrd series Wrh'nf.v r 'f "^ Statutes of 
 
 of the Revised Stat:S^if ^^ ni:;^! ;;"tp<lt .^^f? 
 
 —and any Act amend n^ any of tlin sn.M A,.f t "^ ^^' 
 other Act relating, to Patents a re K-nf^v I ;,^-^''^'' ^' ^">' 
 
 they or a..y of thc^n n.ay ^^t^H^^l^^Z'^lJ^T 
 any provision in any matter nrovirJod fnr 1., Vi -a x ' ^ "^'^'^^ 
 as respects all vlsuLe^inhUZdl^^^^^ °'^^.^ 
 
 under the said laws or any of The n S ro% ?. • ^'''- '""'''''''^ 
 
 of this Act, as to wliieh tho' « 1 "^mSn in ^r^^^'f "li" ^"^'^^ 
 this Act contained shall aftbet any s ^ )ond n' J^ "'^^"^^^' "^ 
 law or equity at the time of th^cSt Kfee^::f S Acf ^' 
 
 """ p1^.5c;^,?:^ ^^^ '' '-'' '' -«^-^^^ ^ocall it «n. 
 StTi^.. ofltptll^twf ""^"^'"'^' '"^"^ ''''' '^''' on the first day 
 
 Exception.' 
 
 ^-< 
 
 OTTAWA :_rriutea hyB^n^umBKnux, Pmttr to Uic" 
 
 Queen's Most Ex'-.il«it Majesty; 
 
•Statutes of the 
 or luvention.s, — 
 'iscd Statutes of 
 t'<l and eighteen 
 •I " 2hc Patents 
 ntActofUm;' 
 or Laws, or any 
 joH, in so far as 
 is Act, or make 
 ^ct, exce])t only 
 'ilities incurred 
 ming into force 
 and nothing in 
 in any court of 
 of this Act. 
 
 to call it " Thc' 
 
 3n the first day 
 
 liout Majesty.'