♦* ..^ V^ :■■■ ■^^ .0 ^KAISi M 12.2 u ttt 1.1 m 6" .\ •\ ,y >•. «• -.-•■■ 'mm 1 • sjira ri:«jb^ i I Sdiices Carporadon V 23 WBT MAM STRUT WnSTIR,N.Y. MSN (716)t72-4S03 \ J".i •m: ,<.%- 1 **1* '^ r .< ^ CIHM Micrafiche *^. Series (Monographs) ■J. Collection de microfiches (monograpKies) ■"-JN^i^ Canadian InaWtuta for Hbtorlcal Mlcroraprpductlont / Intthut Canadian da mlcroraproductlona hiatoriqaaa .. f' Tadinical ind BiMioflrapiiic NotM / NoM* tMhniqUM ct Wbliefraptii>l«Mi the Imtitut* has atttinpiMl to drtain th* but orifiMl co^ awwlabl* for f Hminfl. FaatMrW of tiiia coinf wMck may ba WMienpliieallv oniqua. wirieli may ahar any of tfia imafM in tha raprodyetkM. or whkh may litnifieantly chanfi tha usual mathod of filminf, ara chachidl *| — t/cblourad covart/ \ v\ CowiartMra da aoMlaMr r--/Co»fr«damapd/ I ^ Coii^MrtuivaQdoimnafte / □ Covart rattoiad and/or lamifiatad/ Couvartura raitaufte at/ov paHicuMa □ Co«ar titia minini/ '• La titra da cowMrtura □ Colourad( Cartn tAofraphiqiiai an ooulaur □ Coiouiad ink (j.a. othar than MiM or Mack)/ Encia da coulaMr (i.a. autra qua Maua ou noira) □ CokHind piatM and/or illintratiohs/ Planchas at/ou iUuttration* an oaulaur - Bound widi pthar matarial/ Ralii avacd'autra* doeumanti'' Tight binding^.^HMa shadows or distortion atona iniarior mai^n/ La ralkira sarrte paut causar da i'ombra ou da la distorsion la long da la marfi intiriaura □ Blank IfiMs addad during rastoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar poniMa, thasa hava baan iomittad frpn filming/ ' II sa p4ut qua cartaiiias ^ibs btapneili ajoutlM kirs d'una rastauration apiMraissafit dans la taxta^ mats, lorsqua cala «tait possiMa. OSS pagas n'ont pas M f ihntas. 5# I — ~F7kdditk>nal commantsr/ . I ^ Commantairas suppifcnantairas: 7 t?j,. L'Institut a microfikn4 la mailkmr axamplaira qu'il lui a M poflsiblf da sa procurar. Las dttails da cat axamplaira qui sunt paut-«tra uniquas du point da «ua bibUographkiua. qui pauvant modifiar una imaga raproduha. ou qui pauvant Migar una modHicatipil dans la m«tModa normato da f ihnaga sont Mdiqufa ^i-dassous. -" \ ' ' □ Cokturad pagas/- ■'■"■■■ Pagn da eoulaur LllpagM □ Pagn rastorad and/or laminatad/ PigM rattaurtas at/ou paNicuMas Qnp! diseokNirad. stainM or foMd/ h«as dteokHfas. tadiatias ou piqutes □ Pagasdatachaid/ Pagasditaehias' p^Showthroufil/ IJ^ Traigisparanca ~7 Quality of print varias/ }l} Qualiti inigala da I'imprassion Continuous pagination/ I I Paginatibn'continua a Includas indax(as)/ Comprand un (das) indax TitIa on haadar takan from: / La titra da Tan^tlta prpviant: □ TitIa paga of iuua/ Paga da titra da la livraison □ Caption of issua/ titra fia dipart da la livraison Masthaad/ GinirMiua (piriodiquas) da la livraison \ /V-*" •X. This itam is f ihnad at tha raduetion r^tio ehackad bahiw/ Ca dooimant ast film* au ttux da rMuction indiqui «i-dassous. \ »«• . ^ .\:.>" * Th« eopy fltm«d h«rt Km bMn r#produo«4 thtnlit totjht gtntrotlty of: Metropolitan Toronto Reference Bildwln Room library A The Images appearing here are the beat quality poaalble ooneldering the condition end legibility of the qrlglnel copy end In keeping with the' filming contract •pecifloetiona. Qriglnel copies In printed peper covert ere filmed ' beginning with the front cover end ending on the ipst page with e printed or iliut treted impreS' slOn. or the beck cover when eppropriete. All . ether originel copies are filmed bsglnhino on the •first page with a printed or Hlustrsted imprss- sion. end ending on the isst psgs with a printed or illustratsd Imprssiiooi "" The lest recordad frame on eeeh fnicrofichs shell cohtsin the symbol — 4»>(me8ning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (mssning "END"). Whichever ap|>lies. Mepe, pietss, cherts, etc., mey be filmed et different reduction retios. ThosO too lerga to be entirely included in one exposure-ers filmed beginning in the upper left hend corner, left to right end top , to bottom, ss menyfrsmes es required. The following diagrams iiiustrate th|^; method:' . . . :^' L'eKemplaire fltm« flit rtpf«>dult fridt * !• g#n«roeit4 de: ^ Metrcpol I tan Toronto R«f«ranca Library ■ Baljjwin Room Cei Imagee eulventee ont 4t4 rtproduitee evec le plus grend soln. oompte tenu de la condition et de Is nenet* de rexlmpleire film*, et en conformity evec lee condltionedu contratde filmege. '.:.. ' ■'■.:":% \ lee exempleires origineuK dont le eouverture en papier est Imprimlie sent film4e en cdmmen^snt per le premier plet et en termlnent !.solt per le derniire pege qui comporto une empreinte «^ ,, d'impressioh ou d'HIuitretion. soit per le second "O} pisv selon le cee. ToUe'les eutres exempleires .origineux sont filmAs en commenoant per le premiere pege qui oomporte un9 empreinte d'impresslonou d'illustretlonet en 'tormina At par la dernlAre pege qui qoraporte una telle .■■- empreinte., Un des symbotes sulvents appareftre sur le dernldre imege de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols -^ signifie "A SUIVRI'Me symbole V signifie "PIW". ^ / Les certes. plenches, tebleeuK. etc., peuveht 4tre ; , fiiml's A des teux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grend pour Atre reproduit eh un seul clichi, H est fllmii pertir , de Tangle supdrieur geuche, de gauclte Adrolte. et-de heut en bas. en prenent le nombre ^ d'imcges nteesselre. Lee diegrammee eulventS' IHustrent le mithode. •\. ■ ■ ■ - . / •■■■3— 1 # V'^ 32X 't ■■^<. '>■■ -Nl-: ■ ^V ■i ■■ '1 .J.. . \ I \\-. '*'*-n;P ^ ■'■ // ■/■ NADIAN IaARIIR / .< ...■■; ''■'■^.^■■■r ■■ ■■• ;; AND / . y..-' . ,:, . -V' - v^v, -■ . ■ C A T TL E-K EE P E R ' S GTI ID E j BEINO/A ,. .* • • «. COMPLETE PIRECTORX TOR Choice and lla^ iS' WIpTHER HOR9ES, OXEl^, CdW^/CAtVSifi) SHEEP, IfAMBS, oa^ /HOGS ; ^A •■f. ; WITH A bXBCRlPTIQir lonraoiM or fnnpvoin% Aini Motn WOT :»o. .■.-■:•. ■ ■■'/y:'-::'^'W' TO InilVH JtS ADDlDy TO ASCeWi^IN THEiR UTEIGHT ¥aiII^ElBSl||ft« \^ ■^ PlJBI D 0RI]«^«T%. Note 4i^ ''■H*^ir 33e!s!^11E -''A^?ii'--^''- (. Vl. >,;■■.! K*: t 1 i 1 V 'ft ■t. ■'•■ u ^•: fc; - -"^ ■■•*•-*% 4; •*;■•;«. OANABI AN F lllllIE Rr CATTLE-KEEPER'S GUIDE; ','■1 BEnSO A. COMPLETE; DIRECTOE Y •*^ FOR THE ^ CiaiCB AND lOAfiBMENT^^^^O^ H0R8E< OXEN, cows, CALVES, SHEE?, LAMBS, J OR, HOGSJ ' Wixk A l>E8CR.PTK« OF THE SYMPTOMS, ^l^"^^ METHODS OF CURJNQ EVERY DISORDER THEY ARE SUBJECT TO. TO WHICH tS ADDED, THE ART OF MEASURING CATTLE, TO ASCEKTAW THEIR ^WEIGHT VHII-E LIYIKO. ■ '"■■•!!» ■•-''-'^1 '■ ' "1 .» • .; .' ■. ' r a :t II ■•r.;^ *{'■>■' i- > TORQI^JTOt * Published #R. Brewer, Boo&i*?tLER^ No. 147, King Street. ■'M' ' .1 • » ' -> » . . '>>.'■ ^'-•-"--' » •» t 1 « ' ♦ - t'"' ■ ' ♦ » " '■"-, s. <«. < \ , * • r •Ml t ( » » # 1-,^ «< • /,. •-J Ik t V 1 5 ' - '5? *i^'' ■% r *v " . * ^** -rite .*»».-. 'J ,'*!i'"* "V"" i*^-^-:^ :'■*!* - .*.■; ■>■ i. *^Jl ADVERTISEMENT. [n offering this work to the Canadian mblic, the Publisher begs to state, ihat he does it to meet the co^nual lemands for such a compilatioi^ and laving made the selectjpns from Eng- lish works of long standing and estab- bshed I'^putation, he hopes that the lanadian Farmer will find it, what.it is itended to be, a highly useful and idispehsable Manual. m A ^X .^as i-rH " — "•rtirAi' ~ , .1 r .V. ^Ih- i M-» ; ^' V-; .%r / ■■^ «- v. p -.\' y\ mm If % ,* J^..'..- ii ■ ./. THE CANADIAN FARRIEtt ^ ■ ■ ■ - ,ft ....'■ A. CXTTLE-KEEPER'S GUIDE. OF HOUSES. Nbveh bargain for a horse before you ride him, ^ KL he may start or stumble, though Imnd- 77 mme to loolc on : but first examme strictly his S, eyi^, legs, U wind ; and then ^^ his age, raise his upper lip wth your Mgerana thumb if his teeth shut up close, he is young; K they poi^t&ward, and the upper lip and Ser edgL^do W meet even, he ,s «ld : and ^ lon.'er the teeth are, the gums being dry S ^runk from them, looking ydlow and turtV, the older he is. If his eyes are liwly and ffi S you can see the bottom, and the image o^urVto be reflected thence, and not^m the surface of the eye, they are good : but whei» muddy^ cloudy, or coal-black, they_^we bad. If n knU are^'not brokeu, nor stand bending a^ trembline forward, which is called knocklmg, his EmK good- but if he step short, and dig Ksito £ ground, beware of a founds or J teast a contract^ back-sinew. If his Hanks beat e^ and slow, his wind may be good, bu^if^J haave double and irregular, or if while he stands / in th« atabld he blows hi the nostrils, as If lie lia^ been galloping, these are signs of a broken wind. . Next inquire whether ho bite, kick, stop, or start. A horse may be sound, though guilty of all four ; and ois they are not to be discovered by -carefully looking on the horse, I refer you to hif keeper concerning them. . . A horse ^ith thick shoulders and a brdast^chest laden with flesh lioiiging< forward, and heavily projecting over his knees and feel, is fitter for a collar t{ian a saddle. Be careful not to buy a horse thaV-is light-^bodicd and fiery, because such soon deafi^y themselves. A horse is said to have a liffht body, when he is thin and slender in the flank. If the last of the short ribs bo at a con^ siderable distance from the haunch bone, tliough such a horse may have a tolerable body for some time, if he is much laboured, he will, lose. When you are buying it is common for thci owner to say in praise of the horse, that it hath neither splint, spavin, nor wind-gall. To guard you against imposition, these three are thus described. / '^ ■-"■ v. The splint is a fixed, callous excrescence or hard knob, growing on the flat of the outside or inside of the legs, and not far from the knee, and may be either seen or felt. The spavin is of the same nature, and appears in like manner on the shank bone behind, just below the inock. The wind-galk are several small sweUjngs, appearing a little above the fetlock joints of all the four legs. They seem in feeling to be full of win(f or jelly ; but these never lame «^ horse, whereas the splint "W •;«i; ^^^fi^^^^^^^'^MMfti?t\\ tie lia| I wind. top, or uilty of ered by u to hlF fit^ohest heavily er foi a ) buy a [se such ;o have r in the a con^ though )r some for th6i it hath guard e thus 3nce or side or 3e, and of the on the The rearing ir legs, jelly; i spHnt r spavin always do. For the cure look «mpnc le rfeceipts at the end for the infectiowl oT Worses. ' ♦ I To discover if a horse stumbles or starts. In piouuting him, kee^i yourself in a profound calm, [nd let him noilhcr feel your spurs, nor seo your /hip; whdnyouare seated, go gently oft with ft poso rein, which will make him careless ; for if L bo a stumblor, ho will show it in a short time. 'he best horse may stumble; but, if a horse printr out when he stumbles, iis if he feared the jhip°and spur, you may justly suspect him to bo In old offender. A man should never strike a Use for starting . or-^stumbling ; for though the [rovocation be great, the fright for correction aakes him worse. - "iv^ ^ /^ •v^" )esgription of ikE Natural and AcquireIi Infirmities tq which Horses are liablE| AND THE Methods of Treating them. ' ■.■■■.'■'■■■■,- id-'. .<"■■." * ' ■ • ' , -■■■.. If a horse, as he stands alone in the stablei lints one foot fotward more than the other, either fore or behind, seeming to bear no weight on it, >u may reasonably conclude he is not easy. If le shoe be the cause, the farrier can remove it esently ; if the foot be hot, being hurt by some iknown accident, then 4nake the following i,^ ^^ Tk$^T^ Poultice. Z . Take any sort of greens^ such as lettuce, cab- bge, mallow leaves, tumip-tpps,, or turnipp them- Bves: boil them t^lider, squeeze the water out, ^ a4 — - ' v^ --Ju^."' -jr^-S^ff* k .'». A. I r/.-^-' ^ ifcna^CliQp them in a wooden bowl, with two or three ounces of hog's lard or butter. Put this poultice into a cldtlj, and his foot jnto it as hot as you can : let it remain all night, this will soften the hoof; and, on the Wier's pacing, he will discover if he is pricked or bmised ; if only bruised, one more poull^ice will cure him ;lmt if wounded to the quick, open the hole with your penknife, and put in it the foHowing ointment, which, being kept on with dry tow, will draw Out the gravel and heal the foqt : putting on the pouJ|ice as befbire directed^ ft)r two or three nights. F ^ ' The liorse OinlmetiU r\ Put in a clean pipk in, that holids about a quart, a lump of yellow rosin, the size of a pullet's egg, to which is added the same quantity of bees' wax, half a pound of common turpentine, each as in order set down. ^ When these ingredients ' are -mixed, which should be done over a slow fire, keep^ them gently boiling, and stir them With a stick >11 the time. When all i^ dissolved, take the pipkih* off, or the whole i^ill rise into the fire in a tnon^ent: put in two ounces of verdigris finely powdered, then set it on again and give it two or three warbles : after which, strain it through a coarse sieve, and throw the dregs away. This ointment is very good for a wound or bruise in the flesh or hoofs, broken knees, ^led backjs, bites, crackled heels, melanders, or when you geld a horse, to heal him, and keep the flies away. The foregoing poultice will likewise our« u horse that is lame with, a hole in his hoof, occa- 'l \L- .^ ^'i a? ^- -^r- ':m *»''* V"' ith two or . Put this t as hot as will soften ig, he will ily bruised, if wounded ir penknife, hich, being the gravel , jice as out a quart, )ullet's egg, bees' wax, each as in edients ' are 1 slow fire, hem T^ith a ed, take the the fire in a ligris finely ive it two or ; through a ^..:-::-:V ;:::■-. I wound or nees, |;alled rs, or when eep the dies kewise cure hoof, occa- ■■r-\r '.m^' -9 sioned by an over-reach of his hind foot, or tr#aJ of another horse, however deep the wound be, or though gravel be in it; as it will ^raw ^t the gravel, fill the wound with a3|Und flesh, fhr «ause the hoof to grow oyer it filch sooner than any other/method or 'medicine. ;. Note— All cuts, treads, and bruises, are cured by the poiiltice before mentioned, not only safest, but without leaving any mark. If a horse's legs and knees swell or crack, and^ become stiff* and sore, wash them with hot watej and soap, thdn prepare the foregoing poult^eantf tie it on hot, letting it stay on all night, l^ed him as usual, and offer. him warm water. About three or four hours after he is put up for the night and fed, give him half an ounce of/^^hiops mineral, the same of balsam of terrib, of diapente, and powdered anniseeds, mixed and made mto^ ball with honey or treacle ; then a pint of warm water in stable on account of the ball; A day or two after take a pint of blood from his,neck 1 fte above poultice being continued eveit night, and the ball three times, tha^ is, e^ery other night, it will cure a horse, if he be young, and the distem- per new : but if he be old, find has had It a ong time on him, it will require further repetition. Take care not to let him sweat during this opent-^ tion^ for it will retard the cure. ,-■ ■ The Mda^ .....■..: \:^.j-: Is a crack in the bend of the hoof, which iacii^ by the F^ime method; and, the san^e medic|4io. .■Art ■■■;: -:• '^■^:M^'- '.' ■ a5 "s; .. Ln', if,; •Off 'V ftfe j^aslDg and poulticiDg, used for swelled and crackled heels. If a horse happen to break his leg, first set the l>one together in its right place; then take of the best bole armon lac finely powdered, and the whites of three now laid" eggs, mix them well together, and spread some of it smooth upon fine tow a Jittle broader than the wound; lay it round the «plint indifierently tight with some splinters, and let it remain on nine days. ^>^ Cramps and Convulsions of the Sinews, Are violent contractions, either of the members throughout the whole body, or particularly in one member. They proceed either from causes -natura^r accidental : if from natural causes, they /either come from too great fulness, or they pro- ceed from the surfeit of meat or drink, or the want t>f evacuation ; when from emptiness, they come from too much blood-letting, too nnieh purging, or loo much labouring ; all of which fill the hollow- ness of the sinews with coW windy vapouf^which are the only great causes of convulsions. If they cotne from causes accidental, then it is from some received wound where a sinew is but half cut asunder, or only pricked, which presently causes * .convulsions over the whole body. The signs of jthe disease are, the horse will rise up like the haclc of a cajBjiiel, or become like a bent bow ; his xsruppefT will sfnk inward, his fore-legs will stand jclose together, and his belly will cling to the back- bpne; when he lies down he is not able to rise, fma a weoknesg in hi^ hinder limbg. ^-^ . ^^ ^' ,?■', swelled and I first set the 1 take of the id the whites ell together, I fine tow a t round the )linters, and Sinews, le memher& ticularly in from causes muses, they r they pro- or the want they come purging, or the hollow- out^which IS. If they 5 from some at half cut mtly causes ' rhe signs of ip like the it bow ; his s will stand o the back-* ible to rise. this cfisease is frequent among horses ; the euro for it is as follows : First sweat the horse either by - burying all, save his head, in a dunghill: or by applying hot blankets doubled about each side of his heart and body : then after his sweat, anoint his body all over with oil o£ petroleum, which i» much better than the oil of bay, or oil of cypress. Then give him to drink the following liquor : take a drachm of assafcetida, with anniseeds, seeds of fenugreek, and cuminseeds, of each half an ounce ; put these in a quart of strorig white wine, and add to the composition three or four spoonsful of olive oil. Keep him warm after the drink; feed him with gopd bean-bread and warm mashes made of ground malt and warm water, and his sinews will soon come to their former ability. ^ But if it bo the cramp only, and i|| Jut'one member, then if you will but rub or chafe the grieved part with a hard wisp or hay ropOj th^ * pain will cease. ' ThmGliuiderSy Proceed from several repeated colds, such 8||f are caught at winter- gi^, and which, by lying long upon the lungs Ml glaiids, corrupt the blood, * and produce the unhappy consequence of running ;at the nostrils.- ''.'.^.y-];,:,:, .^iyX^-^^^.^-;:,- -■-.'./, ^^^■^'- ^^^^^^ _ _ 2^ earr^ of tfte Glanders,^ Take of sack ono quart, or, for want thereof, strong beer ; figs, fou r ounces, well sliced, and two ounces of slicedLli^uorice ; boil them well together, and then^ii^ in ginger, elocampane^ and pepper, of eaell one drachm, in powder ; aO "J* IP' ( *r*'yjtj • f, jn»J^ • V^hen it is boiled enough, add treacle and buU^^y «f each' five ounces, and yolks of two new-laid feggs, beat well together/ Give it luke-wanp^ and order the horse as needful. To bn/nji away the Glanders j when rotted, and ' brought to Suppuration. Take the best white wine vinegar, put in three eggs, shells and all, let them lie twenty-four hours ; then beat them well together^ and give it to the horse. Give this two or three morniQg& more or less, as you see necessary, and it will clear off the glanders. Thin-skinned horses, that liave been weir kept and clothed, should nev^ be turned to grass above three months in the year, viz., from the beginning jof June to the end of August; but thick-skinned horses have strong coats, which keep out the* /weather, and will, if well fed, lie about all the yeary if there be no frost. ^WalJdhg about to feed, prdyents stiffness in t^heir limbs, and treading in the gra:?s keeps their hopfs moi?t and cool ; how- ever, they should always hav6 a hovel to come to M night, or when it rains or sivjws^ " By no means purge a horse j.ust taken from gra^, Cor itjdissolves or loosens somoi tender fat or humours which fall into his legs or. her jIs, so that Ifo farei J^^ •stands dry all the winter a you may bleed him on^ night give him the anisji frjiiph is a gentle opend^, r, Bdit aftc»f a week der a quart; and at ^ttordial^ (Pagell,^ '.-%^ji >%-.- ***.,„ «j/i 9L*iliiW3i£ji 'Ml i-ttiti^ 'A^^^iL^r^ I 1 »■ «-• 1 butl^^y aew-lftM edf and in three nty-four give it lorniogsL it will air kept s above ginning skinned out the all the to feed, idingln ; how- :ome to ngra^, iumours I rare a week and at ¥^ a .!■ ■ ■ ^^ -)■■•-; - To Purge, a Horn, ' " J' " ■ ■ ' I. ■ - , ■ ■ " > ■,' " ■ ' '•.''' "*'■ ■ ■■ " '.''■■: '■■■.-. ■■/*"■ Uever purge a horse unless you ha^lft agood :^eason: let him not touch cold water, within or without, till the day after he has done workihgi •but gi^e Him as much warm water as he will drink, and let the following be the purge:— Aloes, one ounce ; jalap, two or three drachms ; oil of cloves, ten drops; made into a ball with honey. ■..■,' :>-•-■ i'v''. A purge may operate the first day,|but cetri-' ttkmly not till the secdnd ; however, Vou should not stir axhorse out of the stable till the purge has done working ; for there is no need of exercise^ during the operation, since every purge will carry''^ ilselfofr, if you keep the horse warm, ind supply him with warm mashes, and warm watei^ as much and as often as he will drink. • \ When a purge works too long or too strong upon a hors^, give him an ounce of Venice treacle in a pint of warm ale, to blunt the force of the If a horse loses his appetite, and the keeper is afraid of a surfeit, which is often attended with the grease, or the farcy, the sjrmptoms of which are the staring of the coat, and being hide- bound. To prevent the staring of the coat, which 101 soon appear, make the following :-r i^fe-s ■ V -&■ Boil half (p oiKicffiof*waniseed in a quart of ttte, pour it upon i^t a pound of honey into a ^3 m7 ,.>:-X- , \' ■« A ■ v5*-' 14 feSi^ " ''!," cold „ bkxrfj «-r..i^u /. '* * "oro. seeds and all • feeH .. • K''"'''*'P y^ ^°^ warmly dothedaaj' ^t Lampas, Wm fWl offhfa fl^"^"***'^'^ ^^*"^"g' «nd make not Iff £««!^f^' ^' 'however, must be taken inb hL m™,Vh * i ' "*** '*"* *«P- Afterwards a^'Klfe ^ mucnL;::^ ^th common omit burning them out «n^ f the animal to once or twicVSy w?A £ fon„«^'' '^ " '"°"*' Nftr«, half an «^n^ t™? K"^fl.l ifc:^': ^f The mottth must be warded whh tUe miztuft once or twice a^ay, which may be done by fasten* ing a linen rag round the end of a stick, dipping it in the mixture, and introducing it into his mouth| from which there wiH be no necessi^ to' remove the lampas by actual burning. W- irthe Lampas be not the cause, you may give the horse the purge mentioned in page 13 ; and if , that have not the desired effect, never cease your inquiries till you have discovered the cause. When you intend to travel, hunt, &c., let your - horse's feet be examined before you Set out, to see that his sdioes are all fast, and fit easy on his feet ; for on these depend the pleasure and safety of your journey. V • ; , i If a horse cut either before or behind, looktha|| his shoes stand not out with an edge beyond his hoof, and feel that the clenches be close f^ but if his cutting proceed from interfering, that is, crossing his legs in the trot, it is natural infirmity, dnd can only be helped by a little care. It is Observed that some horses carry a «x>d belly on a journey, while others part with their food before it is well digested, and scour all away, ■which makes them so thin and lank that they are i^dy to slip through their girths ; these last are cabled washy ; such horsey must chiefly be fed with dry meat, that is, oats and beans, and but seldom with bran. They will eat as much, w thoreHlNm other horses, and you should feed them oftener; for being so soon empty, they requ i re H^^ If you do not^allop a horse off his wind, I #iU it is not a jouitiey that hiiit^ ■^ . ■■* m a8 ■M ,-f». '^,ii:.. h .'.T^ him, but your neglect of him when you dismount, which, therefore, you should carefully avoid. When you end a day's journey, always feed your horse as soon as you can at night, that he may go to rest ; and he will be the fresher in the mornjjjig. And give two or three feeds rather than a large one, for so much at once will cloy him. ' If a saddle bruise f torse's back, and makes it swell, a greasy disK-^cloih laid on hot, and a cloth or rag over it, bo^infl ^ri for a quarter of an hout, and repeated on<5e ijlr^^^ sink it; then wash it with a little water and salt, and this will cure it. Put if the saddle pTess on the tender part, it should be altere(L To prevent stiffnfess, supple and wash his legs with greasy dish-water, or hot water and soap, and do not take him out of the stable that ni^ht ; but grease his hoofs ; and stop his feet with cow-r dpng. If at any time you perceive your horse faint, you may give him a pint of warm ale, with a quartern of brandy, rum, or gin, in it, or an ounce of diapente. The last will comfort his b^els, drive n-out cold and wind, and cause him to carry his food longer, ^ If a horse be taken with the gripes, which will be discovered by his often looking towards his flanks, being unable to keep his legs, and by rolhng and beating himself about, seemingly, a^ undcubtedly he is, in very jgireat miswyi do not P?®ed biffly unless his byeatS be ve;y hot, bm an ounce clothe him warm immediately, and with a horn give liim half a pint of brandy, and as much sweet oil mixed; then trot him about till he be a little Yfaxm. This will certainly cure some horses. If it cure not your horse, boil a quart of milk, put half a pound of butter, and three or four ounces of salt, with the boiled milk, into a bowl or basin ; brew these together, and give it warm : it will purge him in about half an hour, and perhaps remove the fit. If it does not, give him the same quantity by way of a clyster, adding, as it cools, the yolks of four eggs. If cither of these have a good effect, you must nurse him until he gets his strength again ; but if neither will do, boil a pound of honey, and when almost cool enough put in two ounces of diascordium, and give it with si horn at three doses, allowing but half an hour between each dose: if his fit abate, give him time tore- cover. But if all this does not give him ease, and you have a suspicion of worms or hots bred in his guts, which indeed may be the cause, foi; they sometimes fasten in the passage from the stomach into the great gut, and stopping it, torment him till he dies, then give two ounces of -(Ethiop's mineral, made into a ball, with an ounce of powder of anniseed, and a spoonful of honey, which will cure him. You must not give this to a mare with foa^ ♦ ' If you wrench a horse's shoulder, which is cbia^only called a shoulder slip, mix two ounces of oil of spike with one ounce of oil of swallows, and with your hands ruh a little of it over his shouldeik; then bleed him in the plate-yein, ftod );j9t hiffl rest two daysr 3 lit-. : '^■mjg. J, ^J^'g^"%B^Jil!5=t4r"-i^-"F8^^^g r - ^.; Sery often • If it be in the shoulder, he^ill draw his toe to hn wriift if ''^ '™'^ ' '^ ? *•"' back-sinew, ShT im. TK^^"]"* '*^P short, though down, right laoie. Therji does not appear above one shoulder-slip to fiftf sinew strains; - f Remedy for;a Clap in the Back-Sinew. Take a spoonful or two of hog's lard, or rather goose grease, melt in a saucepan, and rub fb In l^^K '"f T, 1^ i?*» ^'""^ *« ^^ of the . knee to the fetlock. Then make the turnip poul- IniJ'ilf •1""^'^*'-"'P^S^'«X«n') and tie iron hot, and let it remain on all night, thus first Ue tte cto^h above the fetlock theii*^ in tl^uhie^ •nd raise the cloth and poultice together,^«n J^' T -Jf. u \' I to drawl ?low the keep off , it will ify: this rest for ^ nd run ; a littl^y 3n grow y^ mbrii*^ en been g Back" y often 3 toe to -sinew, I dowii- ve one rather b it in [>f the > poul- ►n hot, ti e the get it abore the bend of the knee, twisting a h'st or fitrin? about his legs as you rise, and fasten it above the knee. Take it off in the moining, and put on a fresh one ; at night do the same. Two or three of these poultices will cure a new strain ; five or six, an old one. If a horse has h been lame a long time, the sinew will be contract- ed; but this : ^oulticii will relax it. The same poultice will also euro the fellock of a horse that IS cast in his halter, by repeating it till it be .well, ■ ■ If a horse be strained in the stifle, which is a little bone on the thigh bone, above the inside bend of the hough, the turnip poultice, as men- tioned in page seven, will infallibly cure it, and though the situation may make it difficult, the poul- tice may be kept on with a few yards of list. Ileniedy for Broken Wind* Mix linseed and fenugreek seed frequently in his corn, and sometimes those of fennel, carraway and anniseed, and boil in his water three or four handfuls of barley, with a little liquorice of honey dissolved in it; but you must not often use the liquorice. Exercise bin) more or less every day, but let it be moderately, and when the weather is -clear.-:.;- -I ;..■ b ■ ■ ■ V.. ->. Never let a horse stand too long without exer- cise, as it fills his: belly too full of meat, and hvi veins too full of blood, and from thenee often pro- c^ed the staggers. i 4 iiltice, 11 you m$^ I "W '.'"'W". ' I f 20 -.'•(• * f h y > 4 f. V^ ji Cun far the Siaggen or ISlavers. the staggers is a giddiness in a horse's *braln : is caused sometinrMJs by corrupt blood or gross tough humours oppressing the brain ; and some- times by tnrnineA^ horse out to grass before he is ooTd, and by h&d labour. The signs of it are dimness of sight> reeling and staggering of the horse, who, for very pain, will beat his head against the wall and thrust it into the litter, forsake his meat, and have waterish eyes. „ Whenf the disease comes on, he drops doWn sud- denly, without sense or motion, except a workinir of the flanks. AiSlii * The cure mulf" be attemHJiPPfetrikilflJie ; veins in several parts at once, tuThe ha^ bled four :, or five quarts, supporting his head and shoulders Ifc^h plenty of straw : if he survives the fit, cut ^*^W^^ £®' annd.^motimes to be kftte raging BM the horse in both ^ neclc-veins,^^^^ ^f" ' f^" '■ '" ^"^T** . #• R ...■,>• at which take four or five auarts of blood, according to his strength and condition of body, and repeat it five or six hoyrs after, if necessary, to the extent of two or three quarts, or more, according to the urgency of the symptoms. 1/: The following bal| must bo givon immed^iately after bleeding. Cal6mel, assafoetida, and Castile soap, of each two drachms : beat up into a ball. When the ball is administered, give the following purging drink immediately. AloP^ six or seven drachms; ginger and Castilo soap, of eack two drachms : Epsom salts, four ounct^s : powder the aloes with the ginger, and then add all tl» in- gredients to a pint and a half of ruo tea ; let them simmer for ten miputcsf, and when new-milk- warm, give it. This drink and ball clear the stomach of the indigestion matter with which it is burdened. It the drink be given in the morning, it generally works bri^ly, both by stool and urine, before, night; if it fails in that space of timf>, the clyster in page 17, must/ be admiirlstercd. after the fundament has bcoh en)ptied with a small hand. . t The true and ohly us3 of rowels is to dissolve k hard swellings, /discharge and cool wounds and f bruises, draw c/fF and divert humours that lodge between the flesh and the skin ; and therefore they will never cure the grease Or farcy, of which I shall here give a^escription. v " V Heats and Qolds, thick blood, and veins b e ing too full, either tiirns to the grease, and ventt at the heels or thrush ; or wanting circutotwrn, Stagnates or corrupts in the veinsj 80 bwaiw ^rtiri^ which human foresight cannot guard against^ a deal of relief may be obtained by com- paring a new disaster with some similar complaint already noientioned, and the eflTects of remedies ap- pointed for the cure of it. «7 ■ ^ RECIPES ^or the Grease^ Surfeit y Loss of Appetite y Coughs j Shortness of Breath, Furifyinq the Blood, and FattMng Tired and Wasted llorscs, - Give the horso two ounces of liver of antimony, liat is, crocus metallorum, unwashed, in oata |r)(l bran moistened, every morning for twenty ■lys together. ^* /•*>**: For the Mange. Anoint the back^boho with mercurial ointment my other day, three times, and give the horse Irero antimony. _ ^. For Costiveness. I Give a clyster of broth, with four ounces of lap, and a handful of salt dissolved in it. For a Scouring. [Take milk, water, strong cinnamon-water, of ih half a pint ; Venice treacle, diascordium, of ih an ounce ; red coral prepared, half an ounce ; T, and give it. A Water for Inflamed Eyes. Take half a pint of spring water, and to that the quantity of a horse-bean of white copperas, |h which wash the eyes. This is of great ■■'■■t vii «» . I ■ ^- V t ■■■*■': ■ . ■ ' 'r \/ ' . To Cum tU rreak, iand heal it. JF\n' a Womd. Mix Tallow and Turpentine together, than which nothing is better to heal a wound m a Ikorse. ^ Take drachm fruit, V you mi much f< lieve,. I •. -fr Take marble in lieu powder beer ; fine 03 warm. Blee his foi grass, viz. :— till the a hand it to a of trea peppei! Stir th give it An Tak \H '^j.' '.Mir^a'a,. \ -\ X, inces ; r, ^alf i wheii ) blood, id salt ; merries ; ys, two y, four r; then wdered, 3 ouncoi as much der, and ^s for a r ripen, er, than md in a JFor a Lax or Flux Take a quart of strong beer, and boil in half a drachm of shells, or the coverings of pomegmnate fruit, well dried and beaten into powder : to this you may add half an ounce of dill seed, and as much fenugreek seed. F^ss the doso through a sieve,, and giye^ it warm. ;, '^'9%.^ y t Wor the Slranguary, Take half an Ounde of annisecd beaten 6ne in a marble mortar, one handful of parsley roots, or, in lieu of them, half an ounce of parsley seeds powdered ; boil these in a quait of old strong Deer ; after it is strained off, add a drachm of fine oystjsr shell powder, atid give this mixtur<9 warm. For the Dropsy. Bleed the horse in the neck vein, and anomt his fore-legs with train oil, then turn him to grass, having first given him the following dose, viz. : — A gallon of strong beer set over the fire till the scum rises, which take off; then put in a handful of wormwood with the stalks, and boil it to a quart ; strain and mix it with three ounces of treacle, and an ounce and a half of long pepper, or grains of Paradise, finely powdered* Stir the composition till it be barely warm, thea give it* ■■ ■■ ; ,'■: '■ ■ • :': '■. ■;■ . ■ • - ■ y ■ . ■ ' ■ . ' ' : An Ointment for a Strain in the Coffin Joint, Take hog's lard, bole armoniac in fine powder* ■•<-^^''" i^-- M ■' H :h •f-ii m -.4 :a^ llSAnSXt-'X'Jr-' \ ?,u:aj^jegjt ^*W-.- , J^JT . 'I.-- SO block soap, and uew oil, of each (ou$ outi^ei f ^t them all into a skillet, and boil them together for some while, stirring . it all th« time. Keep it in a gaHip<^L When you use it. heat it with a hot bar of iron, and rub it in well with your hand once a day, till you find amend- ment. 7%e running of the Reins* Take of common turpe'ntiue one pound, and pat lo it so much bole-armoniac, and liquorice, both in fine powder, with wheat flour, as will make life whole into stiff paate. When you have occa- sion to use it, roll it out between your hands, and break from it the bigness of a small wash-ball, lind give the horse three of them morning and evening upon the end of a stick, or in a hornful or two of strong becyr, till you find the flux of seed stopped, which will be in about a week or a fort- night at farthest ; btit purge him well, and cleanse his vbody before y ".. '■ f:'. ^'^■■i uue.,^. .1- fi. ■'I^ Jiu. \:i*«, 70^ ■■*f» r»-" ■ pr "F^*sr" v^f^'y^^^'^gE ! 4 w 93 li: I '^J^. I^^*''». 4 V i»r Ai Balhfor the voorst of Coldi 19 ITonei. Takii a*quttrter of an ounce of cj%fcf, ounce of flower of roMcmary powdered, wlu^^Martar secda oT Ibnugreck, diaptnte, syrup of* coltsfoot, and honey, of each tw*) ounces, wheat flour as much as is sumciciit to make these into a paste; Oive a ball of this in tho morninjg fasting, and nde tije horse after it. ;V; . ^ For a Bloody Flut and^StaKng of Blood. Take three pints of new milk, and boil in it, over a gentlo fire, fiv6 ounces 6r isinglass, whicb, ^hen dissolved, will so thicken the milk that it will look like cream ; then strain it through a sieve, to take out the gross of the isinglass that remains behind undissolved, aad give it to the horse a htile warm, fasting. Twice or thrice giving will cure him, .\ "p^^. I •f^.f. ^■^•J J 'V- To cause a Il&rse to stale freely. ttikc the bigness of a largo walnut of Castile- 8oap, dissolve it in a quart of beer, with two ounces of bruised parsley-seed. Give this to the horse, and ride him moderately after it, then set him up^warm. ^^ »» To cure the Vives. - Takean ounce of black pepper in powder, hog's lard, a spoonful, the juice of a handful of rue, and two spoonsful of , vinegar : mix them wfell together, put some into the horse's ears, and tie and sow them close; then bleed him in th e nec^ and ./temple-veins;^:**;;".--. ■; '■'■■:':'* ■ y J^ 4 «3 A Dftnchfor th§ MtjrimB. Talce tho tops of rosemary, about thrie owiceis chopp«a. small, nndwork thorn into a quarter oi m pound of Bwcet butter, break it in pii»co% an0 roll it into several small balls, as big aa waUiuU, ihen holding up the horse's hoad, put them genUj^ *lowE his throat, and ride him easily about half an hour, that this medicine may work. Thia Is fi[ooU for a horse that is in (losh. After you have giren . given him a gentle sweat, the ball will clear hia stomach and bowels, at thy same time help hw head.— This must be giveu to a hors^ fastin^f, early in the morning. For the CoU Evih and the Sledding of ihe Seed. For the colt evil, take the powder of annisoud and leaves of bctany, criually proi)ortioned, and stamp thetn with white wine, till they come to iC thin paste ; with this mixture anomt the part, and it will cure this imperfection in the yard. But if a horse shed his seed, then *ke, V^nic* turpentine and sugar mixed together, and give him every mornhig a ball, until the flux be stop- ped ; if you add a little of the inner part of the oak, It is very good, or the powder of an acorn is stiU better. This dtstemper happens in August, and in very hot weather in May.^ -Fitr Bladders in the Moulh. The euro is to open them %ith 4 lancet : than pressing out the 6orruption»^ j«sh the soreplac* ^ ^re« or four timf s a-i (urpentine* f .« The Spleen. , :- •fak© agrimony, on© tiwidfu!, boil It in At water which the home b to drink, morning and. « evening ; then chop the leavi»» small, and roil them well with fresh butle • to be made into balli, of which ffive two or three at a time in the man- ner of pilU, with. a horn of «trong bear ^fiar aach ball. , " . ''' * . The, Colic or BcUy-Bound. . > Take^of dill, or fennel, nhandftiT, or In tbe^ toow of these herbs, take an ounce of sr^eds of either of them, with a quart of malt fresh ground, antf* boil them in the water you give your hoi-se to drink. But if he cannot dune with this, you ^ should boil in his water one handful of fenugreak, and it will loosen his body, and bring him to*, order. An Imposlhume in ^he Ear. • ; Take one handful of sorrel, and wrap It i*# burdock leaf: let this roast on hot embers, till the sorrel is softened ; apply this as hot as poasible to the imposthumated part within, the ear, sbiftifig it every day till it hath ripened and broke ou]^, ,:| A Gangrene and Mqyiyicatijfjff. i* , i\*l K Take of John^s wort, common wormwood, of each two handsful : centaury, chamomile-(lpwM;fy of each onft handful: bay beniii^Sfif .6trficJs, ■ '. ■ * ' 'Jlk * .'■.•-•. ;i t -4,.'' * ~ J f ■vi^Ti^^-^-'-f^^r tl TS I A ,■■;■,_.-;■,- cO. ,.: ■ ■ .. ,-, ; '"•■■ ,' ■ . ■ . ■ ■*» ■ ■■ ■•■/.-'■. • 1 , . ■ m^od wahen ii sulpher, elecampane powder^ of each two ounces ; Z!e ofliq^rit^ A^ oklliefi^iii^alfapiiit seeds one ounce, hon^yhalf - aipoiiw ; Pi*^') W* iirbpt^MJ^^stif^ja^ mj^kri ^ wtip to ft fifi^rj «4T*^ »^ •*L?**^''*t^ mMmmm the eJ^ifeSfe&fce, «il^« bS— ^ ^ — -^li^ " •#-■ ' ^^Ir w .... : 38 W' 0^ •ndb.ind it^<}nl[iard ; id once or twico dressing, R^itfSbften^e iqic^esisen aod'if, morriihg aind eyejlg^ii^, yod rub the excrescence with 611 of on- |ithi)rin, it i«Bi take away the hardness. ■ vv lUde 4m ounce of al^ three dnushns of jalaps liilf iiii oanee of cream of tartar, t^ cme dmobm iMfeitimV half an ounce of gingevf. one ounce of jgnrnp of bjiokthorn, and mix all togedver initq bidU« :':^,^jV0pr for/ ike S&te Back ^ « Mo^». , l^^sc ili^tw ^nc^ pf wKte vitriol, i^ % iKriJ piur^ $»f jin outtpe of caB^phpir ; put thC9e into i quaH of spring water, fkpd bathe the pftii witb^. IKiMi^vied yo<^ alu^ in powdmr one i^ui^ce «adl^ btfil Ihem in » quart of yinitgar, an^^ #iKs6^'tie ^ ^drpeniiuiSj j^t it in^ (me outtc# erf balsam of ^iii#ili4i€^ ^^ lAgiredies^ iHi J«*^W«l^«fve it w?urm i^lk,^ ^ ^ To make DU^tente. ■:''''^-:' ■■/■.:- ^ \ ■1 J iiftffiWiJI ' iii---->- ^i'^'^ .1 ... .Aut ■ I f■W^^^^lwjlttllA■m^iA^■ltMrt»l'■n^■l*frrM■h^[1ll^i^^'^ #; ^■*^" •^ )■/■*-.} '.^.fT'H Vrbieh ami W kepi ia « gla» botilfi m :i» V4(f |»lfioe% ,.■■,:. •;"-■■.■ ■■;...■,■■;. ^: -■-■•• ■..:.;:"■.-.■■•■■ -r^-y^; 7 ; ---u' ' 3\> ffocftcce Afrt In tt Mare. \' r; ff you hi*ve the opportunity of a (^le; «tflIioii| ll^rhen your mare is not naturally di^ppeed to re^eeiT^ hiDGi, give fa»r a drink Off clarified b^^^^yf^iJ^P^I^^ milk mixed together ; then with a bruph pf, net^ pat her hinder parts, ahd immediate^ oflBbr Wsei and she will receive hiin, v ?> 'n'f- HM Of the Ordering cf Mares i^er ■ ■ • . ■ When your mare hats foaled, remote her into grass that is fresh and unsoiled, to make the milk spring; if early in the year, let there be good sneiter % her, and let her^ dolt' run with her th# most part of the sumoiet. Far a Mare thai hds difficulty in cleantii^ after $he hasfoaied, : ° If your mare has been difficult itt foaling, or cannot cleanse after she has foaled, take a handful of fennel, infuse it in half a pint of the best olive oil, and boil it well in a quart of old strong beer; give it the mare milk-warm, by pouring it mio tht nostrils, and holding them up, and stopping them dose till she strains her whole body, wh|di will presently give her ^ase. OrSirhig JOkpf^ Weatdng U* ■^*mt>f When you io^iBDd to wwip^ fbal% tdke AmN^ Iran th^^a^M^er night, and'drive theni t]|toi|^^ »r «# - V, A-f- '■ " -' ■ ■■•^^■'fe-ai.^ai'113 iiilttfiiiiiittftititirtfiiitiimitMtfrMii m^ ,9fl^, ' ■#x: iO ittiiity lioii'*'^*^*'® ***«y may r^t, and the mares Wn^ Mm their noise. On the mdrtking follow- ing, give to every foal, fasting, a sprig or two of aaven rolled up in hatter, and let him fast for two hours ; then give him a little^meat, as grass, hay, or^^teiff. With some cl^T water, and repeat this MitBiigement three' days successively. When he will iKikte'l^tten his dam. Then geld sttcli coltsM ^jfi^ of5 and after theif i^Hitt^ are burst, i*ut them with ydur other colt ibals ii>to spadoi»^i0ceS M P*^5ture^^^ ^ihemselves.^ ■'•■;: :-/H- ;■■, ' '.■■ -•'^/'■•^; ''.{":■:'■■' i-^^-y.'^-^'- i" : ' :n '■■■■■'■ - :■'..■■ ' ., ■■'■ . ■ '■• '■ I ■ ■■ ■ ■'<. -■.■.-.'"• v. \ t - ■■ ■■■/ ■• ily.^i #r. , .. . ..-%,: ^r.t v?^>;\f.H •^• <.'■.■■': ..■■■' ..V>.'-5: p^ -,';■ v-'m^ij :^:iiq^^^2 ■.i)/:'^:-.,.^!^ :n;T5^ivE^'^.i»i^4 ;'^^^^.- ;7-;^^^"^^^ i!t:> ;¥^^^ ft ojg^ f^^rlt ^"viT_ ^e^^^.^t^Hi:^-:^-^'^ c'.'Tir^j^'f'^lt fr^ 6: jFW drau beij ■ ;■ F be o the \ : 'f he ,tena "^jeyes '^blac % bro^ a^ loi ■;ij*-^ei kdu and stiPa tun hooi ^ -7^\r'^'Tf-T 7- 4 ■t..A.>«ii.iA..ii""-«-;.^^<. :.^^^- .A^»^ii.UaaiSa:a f^-f- . I f. U?i >.L „ ■> 6 X EN ^ CO W S , A N D C A L V e4 ■ <^-^ '- ■•".''■' ■'■■■■«»-•■ ■ ■ •■■-■' ''■■.•■•" DESCRIPtlON OF THE BEST GaTIPLIB. •-«■ •■ t'.T For Iht ptrposcs of hroody l^c yioi^^ \ observed in pwrchmdng, U^?^ ; When y©u buy^^W^ ^ draught, for. the pail, or for fattening^ «are ihw^ ^ be taken ta havethem yiiung. . ;> i I For the pwrposfe of brood^%il!s and cows shouW ^ be of tho%dme country, afifd fe» nearly w ybU etth the same colotifr^Hoosing red b^fore^ircoknirti., ^ l^hi* bull sliottlJuiave a quick and sMfrp cOtt»^ tenanee, large aMwhUe horns, Nirjr aiid i^gh iearsi a head; broad an^ curled, large and blaclf -%y^, large and wid(i jaws, wide and open.nortnHr^ '%ackish libs, a dew-lap extending ftom »^ nether , lib to his fore booto, liirge, thinV^ y^2J. broad and deep shoulders, large and ^^d-Jprt^ a^lonr ttnd lafrge bcdly, a back straight WjdlW^^ H^ ^yenlo the seftinsf on his tailv which shwild;9ttttt^ *^ Mgy be<^gM lett^s >*«*^^*^^^^^ '^ kno4le bc^es, tnaking the buttocks sq^ar^,<;i^^ and w(m trussed thighd, straiig^t lej^ b4>ir| rf^ i^nted, ^rid filll of sm^ws r t^W >tte^ ^;^ s^htiWt, 0tte^^ frcim %a^^ turi4g in, bit ^a^y nwreadini, 1o«g ««^*<«^- hooft r hii hide ndther hard nor ilubborB^^ ^(r mmmiMjat^i^iigM^^ m t ■ feeling, and all the hairs of his body thick, short, .and as soft as velvet The cow should' have nearly the same mark$, but particularly she should be young, a^ f^obvir iii' unfit for brood after she is twelve yeaiaold; heri&tature should be high, he? horiis well spread, forehead broad and smooth, body longr^llyA round and large, udder white, not fleshy, but large and Ismk, and teats not more than four in number.''''' -^- ■-,{ ' ,^; ^, . ■'. :. .-■/V:'.,^. ■ ^or Muffbt and labour, let your cattle be rather of a high statur^and long bodied, sound in tail -and pizzle, hair neither brol^en nor staring. Powever, th^ black sort, though comfrionly of a small make, iiilbund to aniBW^r very^ well for labour. For the pail, cows of the whitemnd red colours. j|m g^emlly moat iprai^table ; but thosjo of the V battel produce richeripMlk and a larger i^uantity^ ^Xfc^ should be young, hi^ in slatiWe, long bodiedi ,vi^ ala^e and round belly ; large fair and sniootli ^(^^) and ^ broad and smooth forehead ; udder wiutef ^W^ fleshy, but large and lank, with fbnr ^ V The. youi^er' tbse oxen or kine^re which yo^ hli^^^f^ iiliM«ening, the sooner they wilUfeed. .They *~ ^' jhave smioaUi hair, be whole mou^^, and wf^ ^ t^sth I fbif then thou^ the^ bfd broHl?!;; l|pth ii|>^ iliul pizzlcv either of which is a fure^i i^igft^of^ a I^Wter, ib^^^^^ feiedj they should h^^ }ffmirilmi^t^^ j^kinp, for, if Aey t^Jl^dti^rlKniM^ i; , i)fi4^MifiiyM=»y)ci^e^lrom yw ll^lie'Kt^ f|ie4;|h^P^^ ^c^ttl*^ g ciaWes, every ^inst and faU,aiid ^Iso ^p ^ve^ tlvjip a drench inade of the pickle of oliy an mijuedj/W^^ a iiead of garlic bruised therein; and forrXOIlirlll^^ let thein ^otgo too early to grwis. , <• ' For thd second general remark, you mttet dbserve tha(t in att distempers which reiiiwreiivwaniappicap tioov th» beast Should be keptf wafim ft* •« •"' seven ha«ars lifter any tntidyiGiinfe is giy^ $ attl ^^ ^ jrdateslfare should be idkpr whetiyoil lay tmmvly n rm. -'■; v.; '" ■ i. i'i -^-: A 6e9eral tMnl^ for m Oxy a Cpwi' m Gmlf ■■•;.<:^v'^' ■■.:::■ when i«y -:;^v;:v\V:;>:-."-,C — /''^ :\. Take three or four garlic heads, a qwi of new # .milk, three spoonfuls of tar, and three Spoonfuta of i^iwe^^oil ; ihftise them for some tiiiie, ^ad |ji^ it - Mdi^jAti^i ::,:;. , - :■■.::■■:. v /■' :.--^^S-^ fefcrf nh >6 ;:i5f; *"*^.. il' these have hoilec| agaiii, put in about half a pound itftwii««;i^ strain ifc. Give h^lf the Imuot to a mr'mm mbrping, nii^ the ofther httlf the mdrti- wi'iWtowltigv ^^ suTOring her to^ dnnk till th^ _ _ _ »i? distember is hot unlike thj* i^ ifitijjW^iheriWtis of other creatures. ^ " ' ' ;| O/* the Coaqhs ?* C(ni;« and &ittock$^ ^^ *COIIgll .r.'> •* notiflooB removed, therefore, in the beginiui^ of ilie aitorder^ give the^#llowing medicmesi via >^ ^mhA oft baHey me^mtmi t^o or threej^ncee.^ ttmm,i^ ifi ai^uarl of alewcrtyuiitraiflr^ mim itJtteU with the yoke of an egg, and give, it ill tb« lining fasting. Or take a large handful of hyssop, and boil it in water ; "then strain and^ mix it with wheat flour, and give it.tQ the bejist to drink. This is a famous remedy ^vHh cbuntry people ; or the M^ ^aptity^ of hyssop, boiled in al^W^t> majr bo given with good success*^ 'tl^it. '^''■ ' >:'C O^ ihe^ J^ r %riic«l I eow iir ytiock Jias th^ t^veir, it^ ^ ^ wfll i'Uii Water ; its head wiU be heavy, jji^ P^lsa: ttoii quicker, and the body much hotter than usual, iilDd^svJJHmi^ iiqu^ will fatt iiro^ the J»oatb: ^h0 tiMmiiiig following bleed it on thiB tail, and in an IJf* ^ ii!i»l^^ ^ *!*:; 46, '■^'M th^ie ni% quart, or ^^Fee »to<^/"^^25f^ wnier with a little M% W \; ^ Of the St^page of Urine in a Caa ct Bulioek. , "^if the distemper be in the kidneys of the cfctil^ vou toay perceive it by the difficulty of watenng, and grciamg at the tim^jfc this case, boil pto- sley, snvallage, or green celery,^ saxifraj^, Alex- anders, and rue, of each one handful, in abowtjo quarts of old beer^ tillJt be strong of the he^ strain this offj and put in liqudrice sliced, anmsee*V cummin-seeds, coriander-seeds, and tumeric,^ fl* each an ounce, and boil the( liquor again tiUiVIlP strong of the last ingredients ; then add. fresh^^ ter and treacle, of eacha quarterof apoUnd^lhii will serve two mornings. ; .^ ^ ^ ^..^.z^,^:^^ ^ If the beast does not water for two or thrcfew ^u may conclude th4 |ravei or istotte ia in ttie bladder or urinary pasba^^, and then it b bcrt to Fot the mbe./ «^i i,^ i:r >>■•■■■ 7 X?ut the kibe with a shftrp kuife|-a|id^^a^^ . Jfellb^iag medicine to jh^ W9un4, fi*^^#^ r- i .A" P^¥^P- # W^A& 46 I im of verdigria finely ihp. ounce Worked into a Sfiiive, wiui^wo beaten ounces and of H Swelled Knees, or Joints. ^i k!^' ^^ with warm vinegar and linseed oil, or beat ipiHet with honey and water, and lay it ont 4t there be any humour under the swelling, leiven i)^.bwrley*m6al soaked in water, and honey^ or f ^^t wuie, may be laid to it aa a poultice ;andQ i^l{f» It IS r»pe, it must be opened with a sharp knite, and healed with the poultice of breadfand- water. All swellings, generally, if they are not MokAu, must be dissolved while they are iiew w^th baths and fomentations ; and if they areTold! ^ev must be burned, and the burnt part muit be J^ttted withbutte^r^r^^^^^ / ^ T •^'♦'- - Of the Foul f* ^^0 this disternper, which is the same/with^ » sWelling^of the hoofs of neat cattle, take a Ailr-jrope and draw it between the claws, tifi the tweriing break and bleed freely; and he^l the ^und with tar, turpentine, and sweet butter, inixea together. * ^ ' ■!». • 4 I, The JHidebovndj or Gargut* ^ The distemper showi iteelf commonly in atoer between the claws, ^nd is otherwise attended witHf 5 ^?}^'^^ so creat as to burst the cattLi. To ' cute it, draw a hairr line between the claws J in the Wistored part, tillit Meeds ; then take a haridfui of ^1 u^^ 1 ^^ harbatus, or moth muHm, and ■£ ■ tt I .* 1^"^v^^ milk, or ale without yea^t, and fffb « W tKe^ bbast in n morning fasting. Thd >n and iceiof ed oily il oni lei^ven ; aad(^ sharp d Mid ^ el net w, ej oldj be abbve remedy lA to be given two mori)ii|gt4 ai iw yi » and difoharge the swelling. ', '/ffft>«#rlj ^ if an ox chance to hurt his hoel or hoof, pttch,* stone-brimstone, and greasy w^ool, >ihoiild be burnt upon the sore with a hot iron. The like may. be done when it . is hurt with a stub, thorn, or nail, being first plucked out ; but if it be very deep, it must bo opened with a^^ig. and a warm poultice^ applied.' ^ •;;^j|Hii^fc ■•■':■ ■• ';* ■'■ ■'^■;^-**0 The Scah in Cows or Oxen, V • The best way of curing this is to make a strong decoction of tobacco stalks in human urine, end to wash the affected part frequently wilh^ it, at thd same time giving the beast the following drink :-^ Take rue and angelica, of each a handful ; shrejdT these small, and boil them in three quarts of ale without yeast, or new wort, with an ounce or tw<|^ of flour of sulphur, and butter and treacle, ofeti^M^ three ounoes. This will serve two mornings, ,4" For the Husk in a BuUotky Sfc, • v > w-n; Take hyssop, the smaller centaury, celandine, and marsh mallows, of each a handful ; boil thesdt in three quarts of ale without yeast, or in three quarts of alewort ; then add three ounces of cow's spice, with treacle and butter, of each six ounoes. Tfcis will make two doses, tp be given every Othetr morning. ;;::;.'■ ; ■■■:■.■■■' ■' '^^,.%^h-m----:-'-vu^:■^'l^■:^o*^.|i■^■■■ 4fbr M« Hloody Scour y or f^x. -^^^- Tai:e elder buds, or alder flowers, a haiidfuil ; ]|| 4he a lder flowers a r e , dry> t ake two ounces of t h em , ' ai)d |[iys»op, mjftllows, and celandine, a handfuL^ each. Jf tne beast be Urge, IkmI thioee inrflve ^mt« /■. fiot w^l" 1 '♦ ot-^flxOtag beep, btk if it be a smaU bread, iii. diliiNrpiits ; to which add anniaeeds, and Jiquorkei^ ' of oa^h about two ounced, more or less, accoidiiig tp tbe size of the beast, treacle and butter, of each six ounces, and madder-powder about two ounces. \yhen you give your beast this drink, keep him. yrm$hj find give hinnr, warm mashes, in each of whijQb erate about ai4|uarter of an ounce of oak barik^^JWTiile this distemper is upon him do not suffeThim to drink cold water, but allay his thiiSt by mashes.;: ..x- "' .-:::■ M-.-^^.^^- -vr-^:""'' ;■ ' ■,;.v-^ . -'';''>■ '.^ ' -:■; ."^\>^':l-?V- Oimker. '] ] '' -'^'l-: : ^ ': ; ■; .IjfiliiB canker happens to come upon the , tongue of a cow or bullock, it will soon eat it asunder if not timely prevented. The cure is this :— Take of jtbe inner birk of elm onie handful, boil it in a ouart of rain water till it comes to a pint ; put to ij^is, whep strained off, half a drachii^ of white Copperas finely pounded; and always remember, when you use this remedy, to wash the beast's tongue with water soon after, which will prevent itsawelUng. As ibis medicine is very acrimonious, it will be^proper to cast the buUock before you can 'Tabe marshmellows a|id chickweed, of each a hanmiil ; boil them in a quart of vinegar, addiajj^ three or iour ounces of tallow ; or^ in Want of vinegar, use the dregs of stale beer. With this mixljure, while* it *is very hot^ bathe the grieyed parti;;- ■ ;■..:;:--■,.: •:/v4--;-'-^^.^ * jRiib tR^ ^nee, tbighs, and legs of tjie beast with fJUtanddll^initbe^ell: ;' -^^^^-^^^^^^ if^t - ^^'iSfc't ■^*'- '''^''f^- # ^ * it Jtn, Vhgueni/ar a Sore oip-tVpund m a JBtaii, ;;'Tal^ lard, fiiiely rendei^d^ sik oiiiu^ i holi^y, one ounce and a half, beeswax siliid io^ of each half an otince j stir these together ovet i gentle fire till they; are melted. ' ' ;v> 1 JFor a SwelHng attended with a Wound in a \ Bullock or a Cow: • v ^ J^^ lard, linseed oil, and redhead; oi* eai?h three ounces ; melt the oil and hog^s lard together, then add the red-lead, and stir it Weill ofF the fitei till the composition be coldv This iilire being warm, and dissolved with a hot'iiixm, maVbe nibbed on that part?)nce a day^ and it ^ill certiutfly take the swelling down. ':'\-'i^:'\ '■\;--;:^^^^^^^ Oreen Wound, The ointment of tobacco is of excellent use 6a this occasion, which also proves servicieable if any of the sii&^s are hurt : a farmer who keeps a great number^of cattle should alwayig be provided with this, as well as with oil of turpentihe. ^ V Beeswax, rosin, fresh butter, or hog's la>d,i«^idi turpentine, also make an excellent plaster for fr^ wounds in cattle ; and it is remarkable ^at, upoii ; applying thisj no flies or insects will come near thfe wotmd. AWmnd by a Brier or Thornywhere some parts tf r them are supposed to lodge m the^cound ^ \ M J^s^ black snaik firdm cdmmbns, with as mucli jbl^k ipap \ Which bbil and mix into tk^ consid- wncy of a salve, attd apply it to ite Wound. .»-■-_. ■*.T,'< 5!i :*■ '^ , • h^ ^ Por a Marram or Plagwf^ . [ , ? ^J*ake the herbs angelica and rue, jbi handful of eacli^, and chop them together ; then add of tar a gU{y i^oap (our ouncesy salt half a handful, and tnake all ttiese into an electuary, and give it in the qusin^ tity of a sWall egg to a beast, rubbing its nose with tar* w ;*. \ To preVent a spreading of the murrain j use a fMmigation either of tobacco, Biilphur, unslacked li^e,, garlic, coriander-seeds, or wild marjomm, ningl^ OT altogether> l^id on burning coals in chafing dishesJs^t at proper distances in the houses, or aiqaong the qx-stalls, during the time the cattle are abroad, so that the stalls may retain some of the smell of these ingredients. Frankincense and olibanum may likewise be burnt on this occasion ; and camphor laid here and there about their stalls; besides which,, be careful to keep their stalls par- liculariy clean.* ■J! ■ ; Of the loss of Appetite in Cows or Oxen, Ybu may perceive this distemper in the cattle by ioir not chewing their cud, it being occasioned |>y waiit of digestion ; they then forbear their meat, and do ^ot lick themselves as usual ; their 'eyes are dull, and they have frequent belchings. Some call this the colic. To restore theni to their appe* tite, use the following medicine, yiz.:— -Take rue and pellitory of ^pain, of each one {Tandful.; ^theriew, horehbund, red sage, and bay salt, of o^h a like quantity ; put thesejngrediet^ts mto iiv^ .^pints of alewort, and boil t))em for n short ipaoa ; ftliQn^sirain off th0 liquor, and |piv6 ft pint al ,/ s*' M-^ Tie I tQb0 yi sud4pi>s <;a3e ^th balfa ; mileior >:>,■">/. _1._X_ -■■WKe sore,, ai thequ! infiise; tbi^.^ii them M On, of a. pi any cu powdoi out hal fine fl( it hard der,' sli keepTi you tis quill ii which # dfulof f tar a I Inake quaii- se with tide tt {lacked jomm, shafiqg ises, or Ltle ara pf llie le anyj :asion ; stalls; Is par*- n. ittleby ^ned ^y meat, ir <0yes Some rapper ike rue ifidful.; salty jof ^ts mto I shoot pmial a^ime^ milk w?iri0> to a beast evexj n^^rpiaQ^^9^ nuJ^iijtg ^ to drink till the aQerpooQ. , j |r ? v ; i^en^eqiiag of thisdispr^ qaq^e a Jbeasi tQ 60 vipl^iitly pained, which ipay be taowa by ifs sud4pi> starting from one place to another, in whwh^ <5ase thei;g i^no better remedy than to givfl him half a pigypollve oil, driving him afterwa^ i^ laite Of lMBi» cause it to operate. ■M/^. ' t :>l''tf' ijyisedse in the HSyes' of ien Tou perceive the eyes of cattle to sore, WlSowaig with water, tafee white cppppras. the 4!ianljity prhalf a drachm, in the lump,^ ana infiise it; in sprang water, about b«df a pint ^ yfm thi^ j\^ash the ^§» of the beast twice or thnce^aj dj^y ; bu^^^^ the eyefii are much inflamed, wa^n them witii eye-bright 'wat3r, mixed with at^ e,quM qua|i!fity ^f the juip^of house4eek ? >tvi i^ - On the 9funqLe 09Qasion, where there is dtingef of a, |nn ^r vigeb, or when a beast hath rec^iv^ft any cut of stroktvacros? ths eye, use the fc^lowmg powd3r, viz^:— Take a new-laid egg, having taken out half the wHite; fill it up with salt, and a Httle fine flouf^<^f ginger* Wrap thisin cloth, and roast it hard ih some warm embers $ then beat it to poW^ der,' shett ami ^11 ; when it is finely pulverised, keep* it closely stopped in a bottle for use. When" youiise this powder, blow a little of it through * quill into the eyie of the beast, especially on that which seems mo^t inflamed. - ^ ^ ^^^ :.^i\^i- ..'"iv' '>M\. ... -' •:. - ■'. ..'^^ '■■■ . ■v"';^' , '■'■"'■■:. '■^■' ' ■'""■I'-y WasK first the grievcyi 'pa-rt with fre^h human urii^?, and when t^o wound i* rubbod dry, lif^t {m x- V "**. iV»«4-% -t^ ..T J I.: .• I' * the teeth. Jb&ve ^netnded^ Kttvliig &r^t thrdWKi ihe &^11^K i;*ahd if this do not blister the jmtt aii Ib^our iA^iir, tovch the iNim0 pluiiie with a tc^'hol ii'oli, . tla -jfeii make ti sbre, ahd then use tJii^^fbllbwing Wl^^vk r^Mr^ke ajpi^^ arid infbserwitB ibottt four orHv^ nandfUls of plantain (eaves, shred ainalli for eight or nine days ; theii \ioil th^m^ to* gether |ill the herl^sgiip^iir crisp ; and after whifih, titijrain it » into a gltazed earthen vessel, and anoint the. part'ivHh it f^ till the wonnd or store »^*'hbalttd. This i^ .a« 'C^ ";:^'^-"*'-' '■-^'1 .The least .delay* in this ct^e is dang^rouA^ th^re^ ■ tofe' tlie applidiftion of one or other (^ these reni^ies thU#be made as soon ..isfbftteh.^"V^' '';•■;/■, ■•''■■■:.■■ f ■ ■:)/■'■' ^' :-■'-■■■:'::-:. '''-^:,, l^,:^Ofihe^^^ of At Palate, V f i./Nyh^n a beast labours hard,^ a^ wants water, he is eommonly attacked wi th?a Ipilltng down of 4he Folate ; he will yet endeavour to eat, but to ijttlo j^urpose. To xjuro this^ the beast miiat be ciast, you may then thrust the pah^te up with your i^and, and as soOn as that is done bleNed him in the •flame place, and anoijat the wounded part with honey and salt, wellinixed together, andtheniurn him to grass, for dry meat iil by iiom^an^ filler him. brofe)k^limg two handfuls, ehofi ft smi! tad bo ute8,'a ........ ..,,......^. ■*:,,:■'% Whe jflace, V put th< mixed .oveiir. 'il splint i keepf^il (f eaci linseed tin H| Qlidh ii. anoint Qiixtui with a and p Bra which beatei yell|) '.'!^l^ aiibour lot iron, dllbwinj iiserwitl es, shred th?Bin^to- T which, id anoint 1 or ek>re i by the saiiguis* ofblanW jng and ■t',' \ ■ V.'; ■ t^^thfefeV *eirt^ies iei^^aihir^ s water, down p| ij but to miiat be itbyour m in the irt with heniurn ^rhim. ti mxiil 55 tad boil it ittto talldw, or1)^og^84acd/fifit<»6a mtn* utes, and:* apply it waim to the aii^^ place. » s Far d Bom broffen ^mspktctdl^^^^^^^^^"^^^^^^, : When the bone is set right, or put fcit«^ true jjlace, use the following prepan||ion, Viz :-— Bur- gundy-pitch, and 'tallow, of each a like quan|it;y j put them ta as much liabcI keeif it oil Iwen^ dayS^ in [wfticfe time ih^hmp vill.'be^;3¥eUknit^_>; ::v;|::^;; ,/;*:;: ;,^;v;, '^•r::],^^ 4^''Jt '* ^ l;^e oil of turpfentihe^ of ^eter, an^bfl (^ spike, of eacli.' twa pilinces ; inixlhese with six bunced cif linseed oil, and ahoiiit thfe grifeved.place every day till H|teweU.Or^ take nerve^^^^^ andlin^eec^ oily Qljkdh iC liteipiaiitiiy, jnix th^ well togethe?^ and anoint the. injured part once , a-^ajT, keeping, ib(» mixture warm wbUe yoii use iC^ t*«ke butter^ tar, and hon^, eqiial portiona, - , with a Iktie Castile^oap ; mix these Well together^ and gi^e two balls a-mdrniqg the size of a |^geon% .egg*-/"' ■::■■.-:■.;■,: :'^ ••.'^■- ■■''■:'<■ ■■■'/■;■' ■-^^' ''''.: i#^;--''- ■ " -V^-^'^ ^'5 Draw a whey with strong fi^r, and niilkyiii;^ which boil anHiseeds 'and^oriaijder*steeds, finely? beaten to pwder;Sirith lA ounce of sv^^ar-ciuiidy^ y^ell pulvenzed. .^Ive a c|uart of tb»9 medicin^e to a »'i V . I ■-. ■> .- IJ >* \ . < f,4 » • .■ ■'*■-' S6 \. If « • . ..■ •Mretery Inorning, >vhich will noi onljj in«ke fcer milk upriug freely, but^greactry increi^iU ' 1t,^ i^WMeiiiwrin Oxen and Cows. ' <% Beast i«;thfe- distemper will fall from his meat, quickly grow leid, and have a continuAl scodriiig. To cure it, take bay-berries, finely pulverised, iuyirrh, ivy leaves, featherfevv', and the leaves o( elder, ptit tiiem into -fresh human urihe^ v\rith a iump 6f yellow clay, and a little bay « salt, and, inixing them well together^ give a pint each moiai^ ing warm to the beasti v ^^ This medicine is likewise good for any beast that is troubled with Jhe scouring. * . ^^' ,^ i , Remedy rfw iSiLcIIed C ods m ^ ^^ ' ' Take two quarts of strong beer, in which put a handful of the young shoots ojf aWer, with two; b^dsful of the bark taken from the woody part of thi^ common black-berry bUsh ; boil ihcsa gently till half the liquor is consumed, th^n strain i t off^ and keep it forjus6 Sbinb, when lh6y use U^is pemedy, add oil of roses and alder |||ds, or oil of aider, wh^n the buds carinot be had. When you uae^^ts, bathe the jwirts moroingand evening) with 4he liquor pretty hot, and bind up the grieved piurt' afteiswarib with a linen cloth that lias bfion dipped in the liquor. When the swelling is pl-etty w^ll abated, use ^a ^^harge of brandy and 8oap,%plying ifc^epy Wf whiqh^ »11 finish ,tho em^t unle^ :#ie cMkhe fnuch torr^ pj^iiPiindtd, j» ^hichrC^R^ Ji^^ i|Jijyigftl4#^to,^eldfM>ai^^ ;>'ri;-"' ; Forth/B \i^>:-^-J ■■■': - Take it into t andgifc op the b - .'■' "■' ■-■ ■-- ■ ■ <.; Kxkder d ford^sjjri bli^terej ypu'iihtt with a < iI)d.Qak. aduart whm til prepare hatter is |tA»l^^^ ▼ineMr* gently a In tl m^: mnM mm Adminifl biMfe.ifi ^cil.v»:« '-■■•■- '^.<--:;,v A.i- >..i- -'■•.'■>:':^' ;"V : '^'".'r '■\-:W " '.^Ihm yy-y-f Hiilitiiili ,.; ^ t ; •:-;. . t is tnei^, odriiig. verisedf, iyes of with a t, and) I beast -',■* ■ f "3 h put n tk Iwa part of gently n i t oiS*, tjS0 ih\s r oil of 3n you For ih$ Bhekvt lUd Wait in Ctrtn^ ^ di$temp» ^, ^ j ; ^mmifdr to the 9taUng qf JSlo^ .^ . ,.-.- ^ . Take H pk<^ al ivoB, heal ||^ifed«h6t, xad pott it into tiro <|uarts of mtlk^ th&'*bt the milk cool, indgife it^bi the beMtblood-iiirin; it will bind UP the bloddyisfiyue after two or tftifee tiines giykig. up Ofjhe JSlmni^ :U-- :.4fc'.-)i^' ed part' dipped ty wull pplying ffeii^ d^^ ftpp^rs either oh the )Ottgue tft^ tiader Ae Jtail^-and is accordingly derto|rniinit^d the ford^sjjriri^ or tlie Kind'^pring^ If the tongue b^ bliitered; itub it with gtftne oT the sharpest vliiegiif you ifelitt get, and sftiti^^a^ alternately wash thelpayt ivith a decoction made of the inner bark of fclM ^doak^^abo^t two ounces of each/boiled m a^out . a diirt^ b^ it be reduced *^ a putt 1 wKB^ this Is used, bleed the bea^ in the ]ae(5k, and prepare the foUowii^ medicine :^— Treacle and tot«r aix oances^ nofelted and well misled with |U^^if?|ate! wii^^ and two large spoonfuls ill Tine|ttr^f Giveiti^ milk-\^^ walk tjie Jfefsast gent^ after it f^ jui hour; > J ' : ^v |^i^ j ^ In t}i0 hlii#Mirihg' the blijer apj;)^U:s under* th^t^^i'lSiot^^a X)f 0^^ iisj, to stake t^o^ ol1>Kdlij^ Mill's hatidi atte^hayirr^Bll j^fSid It talt0 av^ of WdodfySai i^ift be teoiid in 4f fdSfiiii^t. Administer, then, to tW iafe^ I««t,*a»^^^^^ ■Itiflst^tHti oA»'infh^d^ with fdar band^i^Mch wiildiiilMfcei t&tfiipinge M ^f^ qaitpCftlalgiii^t^s^^fa^ i'^ ■■■■■■■\- -^# ■V. wSiOT^^^SSffiS^^iJ^tHii* ^;isin..'.'i^:ii tH'f*^-*- iiu; v.--; IV v^ ■; /■ ,-r.1k»tr ■;■■'■:■':■■■ ^J\/'7'^■• ■■•■■.■ -jit---"-' • til this feitetoi^n wWc^ ii^rijif fttal, if not Hdteiii in time, ifa# beaat appeain m^ if the skiii of tlM body rwBB hl&im tip like a blaMer i his bljeath iben is short) and becomes much imorter in a quarter of an iilir. To cute it; tiUte 4 ahaip* pointed knife^ ^d strike it into the pannel on the left side of the breast, about four inches from the |oi% and the same distance from the s^Hrt ribs ; iFOu wttl then easily perceive the ;*ip^^ grpM /out roii lae cireature'ii^l^ wfl^ immediately leUeVe Jt j, then skve oflt the hair;^b(iUt the |ijtrt|ni) ipd ^pljr tg it * pl^t^i^^^p^ Fnf;^ t?oto tm simn^ in Ccfvinj^,.men fi^^^ Inruised to powder, or chalk, btttMnatad/is;]^^ / ^ j^ ii^ ^ith your kmd,^ ^^^^ stand highest for two or three dajfi^ ; M ^ ^J nfiv #«fe;flSr #^ ifrjf*^: •. ^^1 vri- ■ hik b«Af9 iMMi ttnfpB|»il^9lldb|N^dr 0^ Madder, I 1 her warn Takei with thre pint of ti tikeitd H>it|««d pound •! and mak< ■ ^' f, Mid ikt a tfieti^e r*ii ^wodi^ ^« iiKHit h«r hand^-and wtffk'tbri ■ ' ■ ■ . V . ' ■ ■ ■ '. ■ -#-~^ ■*i i. y-r .^1 ■■ .,i- » c ' , ■ If* ) ' ,5i*V,-.'> • ■ "^W . "**:■ ' M .■>*■-■■ 1 i^V- al if not skiftof bitath »r iii t ■hftrp4 I on the rom the r^ss out ediaiely ciUt the er Madder, that the water mav havd a paesage. Give her warm bedding, warm drinks, and warm clothes. IheU camu>t Ckan, .*.' T'. ) I . 9 iei^fiirtt I Take a large handful of penny-royal, andlK>il it with three pints of ale ; then strain it, and put one I pint of treacle into it, and let it just bojf ^ thea^ takeit off, j^ui a pennv-\to me and adder's tongue^ stamp them to»< gMfaBv^ .and sijiieeie out Oie juiee, anix it with 4^ pomid r.«- ^'■5 -• ■•' . ^ ■ ' ■ -•.■•• •■■ . ■, ^-^ .' .'•'.".■. v-n.. 'n•.vll<^...^■ ■.'- ^-Sr» we dryvnd free froto evri plwt., «^ir«| ^JSallv do not birir them ; for, by degrees, \brj ^ old bv their teeth being worn. The ram, M ^tS.gr^n ^m #^ «r' *"S ^ Hi»Kr«h<«W bo '''"te.^deopj. JWV «^ -dSeTwi body Iwge, W» foreheM l»oM.^«« K C- ff*.rii*,V<, ;) »/ 'I havefof~ ^ feed on I keie|iiiig rotifk aoch ts irr-The »f a bright I firm, and tbebreoflt ,th?ittli«K •.ijieiains ^rees, taey ^ps man; jldbered sxamine ii ^ou choosfl ^ best ag^ i)W if tbe] ^ven yeai .« L id^tefticlc irg«, Us ua br<>a?ool thick, aijd curM 6d \hh upper part of her body» especially %,i^eck. and the head ; the belly should be well * ccxvered— |wr, where wool is wanting in these places^M if fj bad a sign, that no husbandman of judginen^/yiU^ buy thems: the neck should be long and the I^ short ; thekthey feed better, an# seejieHerJgjMa distinguish tiite^ ; *- .-^.rrpr^.^. Sheep that are1)ig=boiied, and have a lonr ^asy wool, curling close and well, always breed the finest Wool, and are the mostMiprpved by the btftcherfot^ sale in the market. = '' - ^^''f^^ ."'^■ Black sheep are on. no account to becho*enj^ their flesh is coarse aiid ill-tasted, and theiirwooli when made up, will change into an ugly colouiw Of th$ Management of Shetf To keep a stock in good order, examine iionoa or twice a-yeitf. And when the winter fwr.rW. weather has carried off any sheep, wneW; the#, from sound flockjsf, and M«ll^r the aiz^ aQ^gSMWi ness of your own as possilla. t: -i^i ^n f is^ i» It is very certain that shiiJep imiMWre *hO'Awt;by changing their pastures often. Whe^ ^jOm^ are distempered, let them have^pastp^ PWf^J frpm the rest, of good fre^h grass, a|i#M tf^,^^ better, sell them off. Also such sheep WL^pppiT* not to jMTOsper in your grounds you must tfvf^^;\ Let the sunshine an hour or two upon ^ffiWI myd i A tu r n your sh ee p out of the fold; w p y ftga ^il(W them with your dog gently up mAmif PW they are weary, bpfore you suffer thero 1o fced.^ '.nc •■^^ife"' f- l''J".'S'« ■-*.•,.'■ *' J ■I \ V . .. Tn*b course, of their feeding, let tfiem raiige 9F^ feW^h liwJs at the dipjjr tfrrie of the yeiur only,^l &ht tWin on the highest and driest flround in ^et iMiOnii alpo keep them from s|icn grAris tts is made Wtty by the overflowing of the ^ater ; And with ilis conduct you will preserve the flock Jii gOOI^dness/ ■"■-■:.■..■* "'^-^ ' .* "^ % if ha»rdoi:M to venure sheep from a small bUe io a rieh pasture too suddenly, for that often brings on them t^fi mortal distemper called the red-wat^r. . l^hen 3rou feed them on fields of wheat aAd/y% if ihm ftre too rank at first, the sheep will likely be thrown into scourines. It will also be h^rt^l to 1^ aheep feed Ufioni^llows, whether the la^dlbe ^Mkft or strong ; fo* whi^re the land is light they Arequ^ntly puU up th? herbs by the roots, and^^ the roots with the dirt that is about them, which will assuredly give th^ the rot ; and if the fallows are strong land, and there should not be grass elMMirii #Mhem, hunger will force them to eat ttti#£^eibine heibs, which will assuredly give ttesA tbe hunger-40t V this^^ is ^^ worst distemper of iH« asltl^ ^Vilfcttereby becomeiinp ^fllidie grotindi Wheiift the spin*^^ pentiy- W^ gio^ i^jslWays too wet aind moit fo^5heep• ^ Ei^iAii«te big shc^d be kipi biare; ft«r ii« #ciy'4liger6iis' fb"r tbeni to be Tat ai the time of diat'SrW^g forfli thdf young. These Wfay bfe fed'irrtf ,^ * fcrtaight beforehand, to keep theto^hi /"> «■ / 'Mm *M V>t)d cohdoet of sheep in thelif^ mVi iiiBlau|!s>Jt>^ciVe to tlte^alf ; tii>a j^ 1 mli-i )ge on in ##t i And ockjn ♦ .Mi. ■!•■ all bite brings >wat#r. I likely laudlbc it they and^t , which fallows ) grass i to eat ly give stempef rofitsble penliy- risheepV ftwriilii twne 6? tnay 1Sfe thettiW Wtipn of theiDseimes and nflinr'^it the foUo^inl bhnnratioiis f or t||^ pu and prbpfTisr? -^n^^^ 7he strength of the stopl|||l|Snd8 much on the good qualities of the sire and dam, and the season they are brought to blossom in. ■ -^ *:ir # ■ ■■'■■.■•'■■' .'I If your pasture be good in winter, and spring eaily in the year, you may let the ewes and nuai|L run together all the year, to rut when they will f- but if the pasture be only grass in common, thi|B the best time to put rams to ewes is in July; further, when there is only a run of sheep upgn a comnioii field, among the arable, then it is fitae shout Jilichaelmas ; or when the coontqH^ f^ijiitii* tunous and rocky, nothing but heathy tip ena df October will be the proper time.' This reosbti of this is, the ewe yeans in the twentieA wc^jfe when it is necessary she ill^uld hav.e the pfih^'m the springing grass, tad that will nffofd her phMil^ of milk for the improvement of her lamb or hurihsj for some ewes will bring two, three^ or fo^ ^ » toer and where good nourishing food iJi^edpto isl yenning tinie, many lam^Ni are lost. It is, thm^ fore, needful you shbiita»'|jS^Ve to hribg^ M sheep in the blossom at "^iMudi tinie'^itt jrou'iw^ jnd^ jrouir pasture magi he Hiithe he$teiM^erto receive th^ lamhsi when 4i^p|^,^that neither tlpfi ew^ ncur th# l^faB rec»en or dropped^. e»- ijne it, and if it be like to die, Ojten its mon^h Mdblowtherek, and it will recover: or if a)^b be not so strong as it ought when newly yeaned, i^i it With tge dam. ff th6_ewe be we^ hte- '^Bb^tmi^ be immediately P«t «I»,^» S*^ S*ing fo«».^W<=h *ill soon proiuM^ iociaed off anoflier ewe, which, if she »n^s, Sfe iirtoit# mouthirom the^^me ^f^r^XZ Suinot do, anoint its lips with hog's lardjbeaten SS* litti: sal#^ed. butter-whuA la8|w viiE»6od *epWwi is ♦ffly much wM»te4^ottt ■M time *at the «w«8 drop thfeit iambs j for 8®««»- i(«ii«lim« tisyhftve need of hdp, anff especially if ravens « carrion crows by chance hov«r 'over a poi^nMitJww while dw is. yeanin^^^^ ^ ibn^^be oot preseiat^ and Miy of these birds -Xto b« iii. ^hW tJ»y will ii*«"dtJS|i«.lj«»»J ^nin^ they ure ,qmte feUen, an* pick ^ dieireyes; to drive tb ,7 , When a common I to make it tlo go to I are up^ j counties,^ 1 lambs ab< nererso I the ewes V The mc fastwe th wa^t prov Theshe fihouldbel as being tl Thewc ^osc;i whi more wet either sex The ag< oid, after the woiim cutting let in his lap, lU his (e iipilkhis j 1 w^ \^' ■ ^^ -'^^^ ■^: V: udeinrouni dieir eyes, notwlthstaiidiDg . the ewe to drive them q£ ■'^■'^■■'^[:--'>i - Thx; Weaning of Laakkt^, ^ When a Iamb is to be kept lor breed in a good" common pasture, wean it about sixteen weeks old, to make it strong, and the ewe will have strength to go to blossom quickly. And when the sheep are up^ good pasture, as in /^ mountainous rocky counties,* then the people generally wean their lambs about twelve weeks; but thesdf. lahibs are never so strong as those which suckle as long as the ewes will «iifiertbeih,' . The more hardy a sheep is brought up for the pasture the better ; so as care is taken not to let it wtLi^t provision in the first part of its life. The sheep weich you design to Jceep for raxaiM fikouldbe those of which the ewe has two at a In^th, $B being the strongest fbr the rot ^ * . . -V "■>,-"■ ■. ■■■'.-■. 4 tl ■ ' " ' - •. ■■ ' ■■■"•' ;■■■ :, - ^ - ^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^ v^ V \ The wether ©r gelt she^ pill m larger than ^ose which are not castnit^ and will endure more wet without rotting thoii ttia^^other sheep of either sex.. -■■'■''■■•■■■. ^ :--'-■ '^'^ ■.--■.:■:.'■;-•■ ,'■..■ The age of cutting is froin three % mnejdayt: old, a^r which they grow m^re gamesoihe, abd the wound is h^Ied with greater difficulty. In cutting let one hora the lamb between his legs, or' in his lap, and turn the lamb 0% his back^ liplc^ng: ill his ^et upright together; if you see spc^ oi^ his flanks, do not cut him, as t^ i^^^i^Ati^^ ^ -'^ ^-•' . . s'. 'to.:. , *>-. ■ ;^. ■-.i'M F*^'" 1 j"* t ' *^ .-.^i, 4- ■ /'■ N-' ^' A* ■ ' * ' » '^' •- ; '-' iV, ■ ^1^- Li«j^. ^^ i.;i« Viifl life Let the cutter hold the tip •in, •V'.J"'' ' Shearing Skeep^ ..:>■■ tho best time is about the Icmerend^ b^caS^ it is gbod% them to sweiU m the wool ^ iney "?^7, ."^ ffreat addition to the wool : Sni '1^^ three or iburdays ifTcJ^S^^ ground ^heutheyarexuttmg tL shearer must be very careful not to wound tKe R^ribKmanner. ^^^ "^iTto^ first year, especially beMnd ; but, befwe tl^^ m ^ 2nnl thev ou^^^^^^^ carefully tagged--tot is, of the wool that the dung ms^r^not ^wig^r^ ^ else makes them sore^and «^?^^5 mes, whea they blow, and make them full of ""l^'^e put indiscH^^^ ^^^ £ Sem topick the food wHch might bejiestfor C;l^i the^^^ necessary therj sho^ r^^ be bttter than ait discover The I fattening The ( sheaves year's g year;) and r^ Thet b the si: particuh it is h( merely ( Iheyarc Its end, service that att Ihe disti Temedie diately i infectioi at small preparer depends ihan at the sheitring, when Jt will be very easy to discover which are strong and whidi are weak. The sheep which you design for breeding or fattening should be put %4hemselyes, Ihus^:— The eweSby themselves; the wether-hogs or sheaves by themselves, ^tlie hog is a male of one year's growth, the sheave is a female in the second year;) the lambs by themWves, and the wethers andr^s by themselves. |^ / The tenderness of these "kind of animals, whichf ^ the subject of the present flection, has led fine particularly to enlarge on theiB management ; and it is hoped that what has been advanced, being merely directed to guard them from the diseases ihey are most ftequently attacked with, will have Its end, and at the same time beff of ^sdntial service in a removal of many of the disadvantages that attend sheep-keeping. An enum#ration of the distempers of sheep, with thb symptoms and reiEnedies pcoper for the cure of them, pill imtine- diateiy follow ; but it must be obaeryed that| ^ th^ir infection and death being commonly sudden, and at sawilTemoyeSy the remedies shpttld be kepf ready preparedj since their recovery, in mpst instances , depends on making instant application. ■/' / ■■■* ^' T #. •«v*tvi 1:' r. t t; liECIPES To prepare Tar Jo apply outwardly it> SheipforthM ■ ■ Stab or.RayJ.---^'^r' ■ ■^,:: ; v ■■..^-■- Tar may be eithet mixed with the grease rf poultry, goose grease, or hog's lard, or butter thai has been made up without salt ;/ to every pound of tar you rt^st use half the quantity of any of the former, itihich must be wejl mixed together* Some choose to melt their butter to oil before they mix it with the tar— and it ^ixes the better then, and i»'more healings Tifmake BromnrBalve^ awexcelknt Refnedyforihe i^caby or any other Di^mper that .appewr9 injk^ Skins of Sheep. To make this salve( which is of great use to such as have large flocks of sheep, it answenng the end of prepared tar, it , is much/ cheaper than tar, where broom^ to be had ; 4ake twenty gallons . of spring wateryirom a gravelly soil, rather than any other, orin the room of that, as much clear river or ram water; put to this, df gr^en broom- tops, stalk^leaves, or flowers, shred small, about tehgallOTfe, and let 'it simmer and boil gently till it be otwie consistency of a jelly, or become pretty thicki: then add of stale human urine two quarts, and /as much beef or pork brine, strong of the salt ; and^to these add about two pounds of mutton suet, mcited and cleansed ; stir these together for about Ml. \ *• ». - ■ a minuti strain it; venient, How fa This I thediste The r tauses a heat of 1 and, lodj degrees, pff^thei part wit give thei for ada^ wash an or broo] answers preferab IVhei on a she divide ^ part, an a^ leai^^ again, 9 wai not ; 1 *Whei nji^pw tem^^Q horiis. 1^1 -7 4 tltlinuteor.twOy.till the iuet be mixed, amtHen itrain it off into such a vessel as ycai think con* yement, to be kept for use, .^ ,' V ~ (•'-',.■'■■,. \' ■ ■ ■'..'-, '*■.■' Sino ta ^set^the Sahoe for ike Rays or Stab in T'- f t V X\A. ^ ' This Halve is very speedy and certain in curii^ the dist^n^er Cialled the ray or scab in sheep. The ray happenijr<»n too much lye^* or suck tauses as make tha ^ep defile their t!ails ; that- / teat of the dung fi'equehtly Mling frets the partSf i and, lodging in the wo^l, hurts the skin, u»d^ by degrees/ produces wounds. To remedy this, cut ' pff^ the wool close to t|ie tail^&nd anoint the sore part with either of thejabove salves. It is g^K>dia give theih dry n^eat^with spittle salt sprinkled inH for a^ay or two "Alum-IStter infty b^ U$ed to wash any sore place itbput a sh0epy before the tiir or broom salve ;ia bud xml plie brpdni<«alve answers the same end as the prepeqred tar,|pd is preferable, as It dpes ftot soil the wopl.^ %; ^ ^hen you use the broom-salve, or prepared tar, on a sheep in full stapfe, (that is, before it is shorfol divide Hhewooli" that*' you may see the infl^uifiea part, and anoint it well, and the parts about it/ an4 a^ least half an inch round; then close the Wodt a^ain, and the dii^temper will ceasci and ^e ^990fSL w^l not be discoloured. . y. -■<:■ ; " . * ^iWien^ a sheep is troubled wiih fee scal^, yoii ; m^y presently discover it by its rubb.ing the dis?., tem^^ed parts againsjt. trees 6r posts, and with iUi„ Ijiorns. M scK)n as you perceive thisj jroi; fihoidi^ . ^ ij^l; j^ilfi^' of the m •^ •#: > I »*j^.'' fi-B". 'eiluse ilid rsheep' newly s^m !^ infected pairti init. > the dSP^rl I «heep-iaeW^ pastur^^n j and if fiey 41^ plenty, ^l^ey will * dljliiaii^^^ is'^^hdktee fbir them ; 1^^ ^^'lilpy will be fpjjcej tq^eai such herl^ ; li .^r . .♦ t, i ■fc;- •;f Kitt Sje ody of the sheep, wi%a so«t l^^ may, however, apply either --.>i^ ^ ''. \ 't ^'# " >» , 1 ^:. soon as the flo( The ou the leai about th they wa A m stand st stagger^ m mil vary wa fltagger, in^medii h^ will to proce to be o^ sheep t1 for th^ uplands sheep 11 awry, a to blee< if not d( provide distemjf^ ■■■__. . ■ ■ ' » ■■-'..-.- * "' • . '■ ■ '■ ' ■ • ■■. '^ ' ,. ' ■ '■ j..v; :, ■ •boA as attacked Mrith it, should be removed boat the flock, and put into fresh spinging pasture. The outward application used by the shepherd if| the leaves of rofemary boiled in strong vinegar, about three ounces of leaves to a pint, with whioli they wash the pustules, or sore parts. ^ * ^ . (y the Blood. * H wieep attacked with this disorder will first stand still, and hold down his head, and soon after stagger and drop down dead ; and all this iii five ot ||k minutes. A shepherd, therefore, should be vVjr watchful, and as soon as he perceives a sheep stagger, first cut off the upper part of his ears, and immediately after bleed him under the eye, and he will soon recover. Some suppose^^is distemper to proceed from penny-grass, wnile^c^prs think it to be overfulness of blood from ra^Ml^t. '%: Of the Wood EviL ^e wood-evil is seldom or never found among ^ sheep that have their pastures in low grounds, but for the most part amongst those that feed on poor iipland9 overrun with fern. .This disorder com- tnoHl^ happens about April or , May, seizing the sheep in the neck, making them hold their necks awry, and to halt in their walk* The remedy is ^ to bleed them in the vein tinder the eye, "whichf I if not done in time, and fresh pasture in low landd Srovided them,^ you will lose your sheep, as. thia iatemjfir odcasians their death in a day or twcK • V ir cA ^J^. A Cur0 for a Lamb in a Fever, If a lamb be seized with a fever or any other ■ickness, take him away fh>m his dam, for fear of her catching it ; which done, draw some milk from the ewe, and put to it so much rain-water, and make the lamb swallow it This is a certain cure for a sick lamb, if you keep it warm. Of the Darters. . T^ darters appear on the chins of lambs in a scab, and are occasioned by their feeding on ^rass covered with dew. This distemper will kill a lamb, if not stopped ; therefore use the followiqg as a preventive: — Take salt and hyssop in like proportion, beat them together, and therewith chafe the palate of the mouth, the tongue, and all the muzzle; then wash the scab with vinegar, and after ittiat anoint it with tar and hog's grease mixed together. There is also a scabbiness often happens to lambs when they are about half-a-year old ; to cure which, you must grease them with tar mixed ■with goose-grease. ^ ^ To fasten loose Teelth in Sheep and Lambs. When you observe their teeth loose, which you i^ill see by their not feeding, bleed them under the toll, and rub their gums ivithp<^der of mallow -root. .w:j ■'^■■' - -•■■■•'■•'" . ,.^^':\::':^^^^^^^^^^ This ia known by" the drawing up of the belly, and the ahilep's spuniing at lus belly with his under mmm »..' >. ■ -^-- * •foot, often laying down and suddenly starting up . * again. To rem^y this, you must take a handful of rue and southernwood, boil them with an ounce of coriander seeds in some water for a short time, and then give it to the sheep to drink in a morning fasting. V re a kSS a ^E ke ■\ ■1 ;..,■ ■ '»■' -■:€' m: - \h ■-. W. -" cl .■* IM- 'I- O^.' ,5# (A-i^ ^ "C% "P^-^ r \i ,-'j' flocfs. as; * 0/ the Jfature and Choice a/^Smne. The hog is a stout,*" hardy, «6nd trotibtesome ^ beast, and troublesome to rule, Ho.\^efer,vhp isr a profitable creature wher^ there is convenience", to keep him. In farms where there iare l^rge^ ^ dairies, it is necessary thgt to etfch;cow< 4here should be a large hog; for this ofl^ls of ^e dair]^ Bs skim-inilk„ whey, and the washings of ^h^ ^ dairy, afford sufficient food to nourish hiin.:' / " . The best swihe, both sows and boars^ 4^r breed- ing, are chosen by the following appearance :— Long and large bodies, deep sides and bellies, thick necks a)id thighs, short legs and thick chine, WieU s^t with strong bristles. The sow Should onh^ have ten teats or paps, or twelve af|ri6st. With respect to their colour, the white oi^andy ar^ the best ; the pied are considered the worst,- as bein# inp^ubjeGt4o4he measles, ; " Of thek, Mmagenm^^ !, One bb^ is to be allowed to t^lSBfcif ^#1btii to be a ^ear old before theyf^g suffered Iq^ couple.'. ■■"■■*.,:v.-:. , ., ^. ■« ./-,;■■; -'-^'^^v' .' J';;;^^':-;:\ A sow usually farrows in the sev^teet^ w^% and may hai^e tjiree lifters in t y^ar ; biit it is better not lef tl^fem take the boar every brimming ) 19^ »<-' U" ■I \. ';.:%; "1 . « 1^' tinitf^ that 010 ptgs n^ay derive ho i||^^^ froi|i^ / their waul of strength to suckle them. !$ \ l*ake eare> tbe soWs are not too fat* at farrowitig * time} but feed them plentifuHy afterwards, tha| 1 they may give the better nourishment. The best brimming time/is, with some, iprom \ November till the end of March, or the beginnings of. ApriL ii a sow miss the brimming time,, or ; seem nol inclinable for" the boar, patched oats to her morning and evening food, or the small end of a rennet bag, "jvill incline her to receive him. Great care i| to bq. taken of the sows when they |»g, and to shut ^erii up in a jsty to avoid accidents. IJwo of them should>ot be put together, lest they lie one upon Mother, and KurT themselves. „Let, 5|em farrow in the^ sty, otherwise they often castf tlieir pigs, wtiich is a great Iq^ to the keeper. If a sow bting^the number, she . may be helped by the owtoer^s feeding tl# pigs now and then with warm, milk and a little coarse sugar in it, as they may be brought to take it. ,. * When a sow has brought a fare of pigs, barley . ma^^ofl in water n^ay be gi^en her ^ it is a copling^ . diet, and will nourish her^^and much strengthen; ^ her body. To' keep sowi'from. doing harm, or^* becoming mischievous at farrowing time, let thenx %ave water, besides plenty* of skim milk, or* the wash of the dairy which you think j)rope1r to Young isows espBail^ should be watched that ihey do not e«it the young, which they are apt to do. "^r, as a preventive, feed the sow very well "ia few days before her eicpected time of farrowing f" < ti f ^ ti ><:t '•- M ' ■:;;■:•;. ■■.* r *.-. ■■■■ ' " ./■ . ' ^ . ■ '■ - 'i{- ♦ ^ '■ •' ■ .■■'. < ;tJ / . ..--■, ^ ~ ■- . ' ■ - ,■ 1 . , s *■ , . • ' 1. i 1 ^ f * ' _ t , 1 'I - \ •£ ■» • ■ " •w V ir*- ♦.' '• ftHid waiih the backs of the pigs with a sponge dippedl in an infusion of aloes and water warmed. ^ When your pigs are to be weaned in the'id)6ence of the sow, feed them with the best milk you eaoi •pare fVom the dairy '; and though you begin >iritib giving it warm, you may, at the end of three llreeks, serve them with it cold, if. you design; to 4 tea** them : and they may then, or at a mo^ith at farthest, either be fed alon^, or/keepcoim)any witk |he sow abroad. It is advisable^ in orctqp to rear^ ^e pigs, to keep the sow littered with clean Strang Ifffcd her sty^fr^ from all manner of filth." -v g o me breed trB i^ey are six years oidr and thii^ • Iboar at ^ve is deemed /io farther gervicey>le for;. r generati^ ; ihe>f me^jh^^ftfufH, ni the above ag^ Wit ©p to fatten for b/av//^, &< But jf the m^t be gelt, he will then make goo^ bacon, t. The pigs farrowed in or near JLent^^nd Jh •unmier, are iJie best to' rear ; as in winteikikecold pinches them, and keeps them back. The^Payiiig: chpsen out the best for sows and boars ^ btfeed on, geld all the males, and splay all the females you design to r^r ; for so both will make the best hog» . 10 rear and yield mor^ lard. The boar pigs ought to be castrated when they are about six months old ; for then they begin to*^ wear strong in heat, and will make sytronger hog». This should be done either in Springil atjtfichael-, »ftaa,anda8folb)ws:--Cutacross slit in the middle ^ the cod, oyer the testicle, then pull them gently out, and anoint the wound with tar. But sows should not be splayed till they are three or fouf • years old ; to do which, cut them in the mid jSanka^ twoiingm broady with a 8harp-|)en knife, and tfiW '/f 4 out the 1 thewou for two i will sooi Swine nor serv put tfpji: thenob as and pre^ swine ra grass, ej to the dij long as every m #hich re puffer th< and abou The c letting tl hogs stai of their i peck or then ca^i them wit till you j then was overthei hogs to t ^ j- ItesSS:' ■-'•';' i.tei.v-%i out the bag ofbjrtbi ancl cut it oflT ; then stitch xxp the wound, anoiiit it, and keep her in a war«i sty ibr two or three days, >nd then let he/ out and she' ;:Will sfoon-^grow^fat •■;;,-■• '. ■■■;.;.".:.■■,. ■■^X::,;:^ Swine axe not to h$ suffered to eat too r^^Mi nor served ^ith too great a plenty before they aif^'** put %, but sach a moderate diet is to be given then^as will just keepthem m a good sjate of btKiyv ' and prevent them fro^ being over ravenous. If swine^nge about in the day time, and eat too much grass, especially in th^ spring, they will be liable to the distemper called the gargut; wherefore, so-^ long as you turn them out, use them W feeding every morning and eve^ibg:; ::.^,:,^---r-: ■: ■- Alt the swme ur#>ddlealth ctiMlieir tails V^&^^ which reasojQ the best s^ne herds will by no means puffer them to be bled intha^|)art, but in the euro, and about the n^ck, wh# jdeding is necessaigr* The chief hindrance^|o the thriving of hoMifi^ jetting them liej^i^fie Wet ; if the hair of your ho^ stare and |^|k}rag^d, which is^ 'an insitatice of their not beingMn a^hriving state, 'take half a peck or more of wood ashes, boil them into ley, then ca^se such hogs to be laid on a form, and wash '^ them with ley, and curry them with a furry-- 1 ■''■', i'.fi • ^'r. ■ 1 '■^.' /.•*".>. S~ . / ■" - ■ll " V :" -41 i> ; '..-.^ :^/ .5: » -,. -M * \ ?' ^ "l h:, I > • '■I '. (SSf;si5'SfK»'li'^i^ ».l. V i ■ It 1. . RECtPES. the Feeer in Swine. ,'^ f ... ' • SW&e M» Tenr sobject to fevers, whidi ihey !«^^Z- nmninK oii a sudden, and stopping short, ^AcZmA, if not always, attended mth a ridLert, and occasions them to drop and die if iiot ttmeW prevented. When you observe this dwtem- AmTt, It is very certwn that the giddines^ or, aa S J iCt^ta^gers, in a h^,^raee.^.fX an overfulness of bloo«l, and, by bleeamg in ta >1^^SS7 hogs n.ar ^f^^ farmeraused to beat tms^twiin j'.. „ „_^„ u S to inake it rise or swell, and «ien open tt KhwaT^ith a fl^ sr %! P«f-%;^* i« J^Sirtir awav a svifficient -^ntity of. bloodj- 4^toii fonm ^ fresh 1fttaty;Qy: y «» ^^^ *^^ il*wf Twiaow, ot tffljf .^Afte*' l>l®e4in$. ,l«ep the?, m 'ji ■ -ft. i » *^ » V', % ike house meal rah to. drink i i^ithout s l)arley-m( i¥ill put I ^akg|ou] ¥his ia to, and w hap|)etis 1 hye or s eatQn.nea days this in flesh m ifimper is hv bleedi pon>e pre inethod ^ ing ! ' moathsa/ tttelybof '■ " efe. t< .»•'";? * '■■^il* "'''1- •f •/ >1 ,1. V J M -i .ai!^- mm FV- ' ■ En- de he Le- he am the la^ old in bi it amd bas ike house ISIt a day or two, giving them barley* meal mixed with warm water, and allowing th<^ . to drink nothing but what is warm, water chiefly, ivithout any mixture. In the paste made with the Wley-meal, some of the most curious swine-herda ivill put about half an ponce a-da^ of tde bark of eakixoundfine* ' >'V ^ ^ - til ' .■ ''.:f i -r' ■''. , ■": .'■-■j- ., , " . ' V 'r* This is ii disi^mper #hk;h s4^ine are y$ry suojep to, imd wilt preveiit t)iei# feedings aiid fr^uedtiy hap|)eiis i^hen tb^y. a^eh^i* fattened, sd that after five e>r six W^elts {>utdnk up, "thouffh they have eaten .near ten bushels of tpeas^ in three or four days this distemper reduces them to alike poveity in flesh aa when they were put to feed. This dis- tem{^r is a awelling in the throat, aiid is remedied hy bleeding a Jfttle ^bove, or behind the shoulders. pon>e p/eteind that fattening is the oaeat certain inethod of cure ; howeyer, any of tbese methods^ f)f me XeimU in Swine^ .^ ^ : » The jK^Mf^ called A« ^m^fer is likewise it siirening m tm throat; ths^ |eihedy|,f(k;.1^£^ bleeding fb^^ duder the^(€ifkj^$;, and v^ months alter tdm^m wlt^^Om. wh^t IouTi v j^ly befl>en, arid w^f mii^Jd loggers If a »ow^ ^jmen to be ^if]^ nig, >nd bave jfhia distemper nm^mj^t i^^ ||^«i^To<4ii^^tiil»oaminon mid ^-fl ' f ■ o- # y'% *i-jt. ',:/ /P * •A. .6 ftg ''k . ^'' f >>i^^.* \- :\ 0/ (h$ Idamngo/mai or disdutrg^qfU hyv^nt. ' Wh6n sWine v-pmit their meat, their stomachs may be corrected by giving theM-the fil"»g8 of ivory or hartshorn, dried in a pan-^tth salt : those mast be mixed with their ttseat, which should be chiefly ground acorns, and forwant of them, terley indifferently broken in a mill, and scalded with the -Xve ingr^ents. Madder is likewise to be «Ten a»em on this occasion, mixed with tiieir meat ThM di8temp6ri"however, is '«>t°V»«^V^''S!^J^^W ^&ct df reducing swme in their flesh.— It certaanly prevents the blood, or gargat, as some call it,Yrh^ proceeds generally from tW eating too much fr«J /5rtM whea Aey are first turned abroad m the spring. Of the Gargut or Blood. This dkemper is by country people termed mortal. It Aowiijtself almost like the fever m swine— by their W^s^E i^ *^ g^*' ^^ ^^^'■'fij^ w meat. IiT&e^ver, however, they wjU ^freely m the very instant they drop, but m this their itomachs wiU fall off & day or two b^ the^stag- kerinR or mddiness appears. The cure for this is, & bleed thehog as soon as you perceive him to be attacked with the ^dbtemper, un^r the ears ajid Judder the tail -Tdiiake him bleed freely, heat ma with a small waiid where the inci8fl<»« aie riiide. Aftir bleeding, keep the hog m thehouae^ gi^rii^ Wm ttorli^j^^ in lYarm wh^y, wifl^ mfttt. J&r, powiei^ i^ hiie* - , As swit quently tr remedY fo tam.arisk I the small were to b( meat, it and ever' benefit to especially use the t( .x' Thisdi losing its inclined i fresh food enters it. to sleep tl fore he c This is \ sooner as ofmovin] violence, Then the root c as some dven hi] him to V leave his charged, :^'»' : ■^'r ♦■*.y-- , Of the Spkisn. i As swine are insatiable creatures, they are fre- quently troubled with abundance of the spleen, the remedy for which is, to give, them some twigs of tam.arisk boiled or infused in water ; or if some of the small tender twigs of tamarisk, fresh gathered, were to be chopped small, and given them in their meat, it would greatly assist them^j for the juice, and every part of this wood, is of extraordinary benefit to swine in most cases, but in this distempw especially. * If you can't get tamarisk, you may use the tops of heath boiled in water. Of ih^XJhbl^r in Smne. This distemper generally shows itselfby the hog losing its flesh, fteatog its meat, and wing more inclined for sleep than ordinary, even refusing the fresh food of the field, andfallingintoasljpepashe enters it. It is Common, in thisdistemper^forahog to sleep three parts out of four Of his time, and ^ere- for© he cannot eat sufficient for hia nourishnient. This is what may be called a lethargy, for he is no sooner asleep but he seems dead, not being sensibly of moving though you beat him with the greatest violence, till he recovers.-^ ^ ,^ ^ _ ^ The most certain and approved remedy for it- m the root oC the cucumis/silVestris, qr wild cucumber^ as some call it, stamped and strained with^ivater, dveut him to drink. This will immediately cause him to vmnit, and,,sb6n afer to become IWelyi tsaxk leave his d^aneii^i When his stomadi ift^wdie- ebi^edf give him hoi^-beftipk ?ofteiied^ -i^ |^^ \ ^ rif i ' '■■\ t |\ ; 1 f 1-- t s Wjl^ \ luL,/' m- \ H »»n".^« B 1 \ „t ^ ^■T " \ ."•-V h% T^B \ i m-'^'^ V, > 11 ^^' : ^ '. .-^^ A ' "■ flu m ) '^. .'M ^. • I': ■ - ■ - v, -*», fSf#?^3:*■.•■■■. . ■.■'' • This distemper is remarkable in such swine i^ have Mraiited. necessary subsistance, and more par- ticularly ft such as have wanted water. It appears , in many sores ui)on the body of the creature ; and a boar or sow will never thrive while infected with it, though you ffive them the best of meat. "The cure is to give them inwardly two large spoonsful of treaoleiin water that has been made indifferently Kweet with honey, about a pint at a time, aiiointing the sores with the flour of brimstone well mixed with hog's lard, to which might be added a jsmsill quantity of tobacco dust. While you give thia remedy, the infected swine should b6 kept in a house, and quite from the rest of the herd, ^Q ■.cured*--..' :!■- ■ ■ ■ *i :■-■•. -■ :■ ■;.•■-.• ■ ■■■-,"/ .■ ..-..:.;: ':*■• V 7%e Swelling under the 7%roat^ " 1 This distemper appears isomething like the *yyelling of the kernels, or wh|t gome farmerscall diekenic ia to opei eiently ri or lancet, ftnd then of fetid ; Then wa dress the ' A C ure The sij frotiithel are nearlj paw with craunch h fours atii havengiistc others for in neither feet-^tfe direction; for„ such b sopn after "mth Warm oithftr, wit; quantity erf setarihgor ] At thesauK «ar wi^ jj tevlj beeni iowingmfed the small cii half a hand I -^" *-■■ die kehiels iin i« to open the swe.._^ „ ^Won this oceasion win SL^n!^^ kJ'-^°''*' *^"™ "* ''*« "»'«'', and chap and S ii*'! J"^^' «"?« suddenly, and jump o^^S fours a.t intervals. Some of the country DeoDie* C^^io the staggers, and some for the blood : but in neiAer of these do the swine . paw with their ottectton. The most- immediate remedy or cun* S^n"^?'!^' '^y%^ i^-Jge of the^ dLS T^th^™ -^ are bitten, is to wash the^ound other, with comntw)n salt and water wanned " t^ S^ify^of^salt one-fortieth part of theC^f;^^ Marmg or bunung^the part with a red-hot 'iron! &^tn,!^^ hog should be fettered in the cer^wnh the commoh hellebore. When swine £»Jb^ to bitten, you may^ve thSK IWing medicine with success :— Compose of rue. *e small ^entauiy box, St. John's w^rf e^^ halfahandfuUndvgry ,in aquttrt c rofahai »< ^^ ' I' ! ( • f , %14- t ■ , '':■ ■ ■ . '' ' -11 , ■■ ■■ " ' ,. \ , ■ • . ' \ • ' • *• .- , * , '■ ■ f ■, ^> \ / ■ ■ ■* \ , . * «♦: \,. . . ' ■ *■ , • - ' ■ V* ■'■•- ■ \ " t . • '• • * ♦ ' '<, ■■''''.- \. ^ H •■-.,■-■; -• ■•'■',• ■ . . % • ■ «■ ■■..'■ - . ■*!'■' ^ , r* • ■ . ■ " #' . ■ " • ' * : *' . .1 \ » V ." '. ■ .m : ■ •*; 'i ■■ ■ ~~? _ ■■ 4 • " ' '"■ ' * ' ~ .' iiii:::.' ■! ^ * 1. Ik, ', « « ; m • ^ ' '■' ', ■ • ■■ \ , ^''>...' /'' \ , \ * ■r " », ■ 1 li -it / ■t ' ^. .-m HH ■■ ■ 1 m MH ■ 1 ■ ■ ■ I ■ ■■ ■ ■ ■ ^^ ;. «ji' \ <,:'> '>5^i^< ir IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGJET (MT-3) ^"^ ^ Gorporatidn \ (716)S72-4S03\ \ . ■'MO ■ ■ m - / / .■"•»* ' V J.^ • ■'■^^^Pv ■, :^: .- , -:^ ' -■ ■"■■ » ; -mi: _-* . ■ -^ « ..,-iia:.-- ' ■ . ,. "■- •• ',. * ' iS^B^ ■ *.' "■ '' ■ ; !■■ " # -■- -- — - — V;L; ;•-,■ . ■" '•* • ■ •^ jpp'v J' .-*<'?*«.• "w*""'; *'*^ * ' r-^:"^^ . -80 .. / these herbs should be boHed in/a gallon of mall beer, tied up in bunches ; when /you imagine that this decoction i§ strong enough, pass the Iw^uor through a sieve or coarse cloth l then add to it a Suart of water, or a3 much as Mrill niake |Ood the eficiency of the liquor boiled away; add to this half-pound of the flour of sulphur, a quarter^ apoundof madder finely beaten, and as much corriander see4 not beaten ; anniseed about three ounces, and fine jJowder of cjrab lobster's clawS/ about an ounce. This medicihe will be sufficient .for six hogs^; I . .-■:.:'::.. , ' , .. " f. ' : , ; / V - ■ ■ ^'OftheTVmorisOrj Shaking i^ Swine. ^^ Take hyssop and mallows in stalks and leares about a handful of each, boil them in three pints of milk till the virtue of the herb has sufficiently got into it, then strain the liquor from the h^rb^, and add of madder two spoonsful, and of liquorice sliced about > an ounce, Avith as much anniseed* CJive this two successive mornings. • Far a Hog that has Eaten any Poisonous JBerhy as Hemlocky Henbaney ^c. - Give him to drink the juice of cucumbers made warm, which will cause him to vomit, lo^ cleanse his mouth, so that he wilV|oon recover. A y Let them lie on thick planks or stone pavements ; feed them with barley or pease, but no beans^and let them have the tappings and washings ^(Jn^ff- heads ; but for a change give them soddened barley, and in a short time they will begin to gtat ; there^ ■ '_.■"'■ ill ■ . 4»h.,> for^ aboi of crabs, they will five then ve weeL for your Takeb a little s< by meltin away the then anoii afterward on for ti drawn to i doit; if 1 Ion^r,^an or Durnt I with die f< sheenrs su Ea III . Tpprev first wash wip an oil rf/cloves c When t hinders th< lis give Viurley, ani rinegar, y« rj>«ji(BW^- A '•-7Fi^m,'\ S '**i»'5^"r^- W 4 J^T^ll N feolSf"* S?"^ ^". »««» days, give them • handfiil or crabs. Make them drunk now and then, and they will fat the better. After a month's feeding .give them dough made of barley meal, for about five weeks ; by this tim^ they will be fat enough tor your use; . , ° . . J^e '^ees' wax, turpentine, Burgundy pitch, and a attle soft grease, and >make them into a plaster. Dy melting themi together over a gentle fire: Clip jway the hair or bristles where the sore is, &^ then anoint It With the ointment of tobacco, and alterwards lay on the plaster, which must be kept on for^ two^ or three .days ; when, if you find it drawn to a head; and ready for lancing, you may do It; if not, clap a fre^lwt^r for ii^ or two toOTOr,^ and then lance itp^W sprinkle burnt alum or burnt^salt on the wound ; afterwards anoint it with tfie former ointment, and lay on a plaster of sheenfs suet and bees-wax to heal it. \% ^OTsTorn hy ths Lu^ ^ ^. f P'®^^/^t maggots or corruption in the wound, first wash^ the place with vinegar, and then anoint it with an ointment made of tar, mutton siiet, and oil #5loves or salad oil. - ' **«:«* -For Scouring in Swkie^ ; When ^is happens it wpstes their flesh, and ^ers their growth and fattening. To rwiedy His give them dry meat often, as pea^ beani bwney, and ^sour papes, and in their driDk m^ nnegar, i^r|mce^ or sour ben^es. ^ V - . % •■■-> -♦ J l!.(A, P' 't 'I: •^ 99 DIRECTIONS MEASURING CA go 1« TO ASCERTAIN THEIR WBIGHT WHILE XIVINO. This is of the first utility for all those who are by no means experienced judges enough by the Se, or others who have a beast above the common ■weight of the species } Jgd by which means, fol- iowtog these directionJfcy vnU .some to themark -Within a mere trifle. / / . , . '^ « Se a string, piii it round tl^e beast, standmg Bdmre just bebmd the shoulder blade ; measure on Sffth^eet and inches hf is in circmfer-^ et^; this is called the girtht Then with Ae 8tein . ; . 2— .Q i.j*7 * # Which, multiplied together, makes 4 square feet. Jliat again multiplied by 11, which is the number of pounds allowed for each square Ipot of cattle naeasuring less than 3 feet in girth, make^ 44 pounds, which, divided by 14 to bring it into stones, is 3 stones 2 pounds. v. ' v U Againjj suppose any calf, &c., should measure 4 feet 6 inches in girth, and 3 feet 9 inches in length, say:--- • ' p ^, Girth V* v*^ . . . . , 4-^ I Length ....... ...... .3—9 v f ...,-■■■ ,_- • ■..:■■: Which, multiplied together, makes 16 J square feet, i^e square superficial feet and inches b^g inulti- Iphed by 16, which is the number of poudB^lowed o all cattle measuring less than 6 feet, and not* nore^than 3 feet in girth, makes 264 pounds ; hich, divided by 14 to bring it into stones, is 18 (tone 12 pounds. - ' A^ain, suppose a beast measures 8 feet 4 incheii girth, and 7 feet 3 inches in length : to kno^ lOw nmch he would weigh, say:— * ^ Girth (rf a large ox . . . . .... 8— 4 Length along the baerIy fat. \ «'■■ 1 the IS as ding ¥|th| tiited »erial body irhich <^to icheSf *asm h713 le 18 is 44 ^ that, A may \- #". ■ ^ip- ^: ' ^»rfWM»^^i^l*l»' -k" •" im^^ 3 ' v X ■*- ■ \ . B *" ■ \ ■ * 1- ;4' ■'^^ \. 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