IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I Uim |2.5 ■^ ^ |2.2 :^ 1^ 12.0 L25 iU lliii^ Hiotc^raphic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716)«73-4S03 ':vt o CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiquas Tachnical and Bibliographic Notaa/Notas tachniquaa at bibliograpliiquaa Tha Instituta haa attamptad to obtain tha boat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographicaily uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. L'Inatltut a microfilm* la maillaur axamplaira qu'il lui a iti poaaibia da sa procurar. Las details da cat axampiaira qui sont paut-Atra uniquas du point do vua bibliographiqua, qui pauvant modifiar una imaga raproduita. ou qui pauvant axigar una modification dana la mithoda normala da filmaga sont indiquAs ci-daaaoua. SColourad covara/ Couvartura da eouiaur r~n Covars damagad/ D Couvartura andommagia Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couva^ura raatauria at/ou palliculAa (~n Covar titia miasing/ D D D D La titra da couvartura manqua Colourad mapa/ Cartaa giographiquas an eouiaur n Colourad inic (i.a. othar than blua or blacic)/ Encra da eouiaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) Colourad piataa and/or illuatrationa/ Planchaa at/ou illuatrationa an eouiaur □ Bound with othar matarial/ Rali* avac d'autraa documants Tight binding may eauaa shadowa or diatortion along intarior margin/ La re liura sarrte paut eausar da I'ombra ou da la diatoraion la long da la marga intAriaur* Blank laavas addad during raatoration may appear within tha taxt. Whanavar poaaibia. thasa hava baan omittad from filming/ 11 sa paut qua eartainaa pagaa blanchaa ajouttea kim d'una ra^i'tauration apparaiaaant dana la taxta, msifi. iorsqiiO cala itait possibta. eaa pagaa n'ont pas M filmiaa. □ Colourad pagaa/ Pagaa da eoulour D D D Pagaa damaged/ Pagaa andommagtes Pages reatorad and/or laminated/ Pagaa reatauriaa at/ou palllculAes Pagaa diacolourad, stained or foxed/ Pages dteolortes, tachatiea ou piquAes Pagaa detached/ Pagaa ditachies Showthro'jgh/ Tranaparenca r^ Quality of print varies/ Quaiit* intgaia da I'impression Includaa supplamentary matarial/ Comprand du material supplimentaira rn Only edition availabia/ 1 a T VI N dl ai bt ri| ra m Saula Mition disponible Pagaa wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissuaa. ate, have been refilmed to enaura the beat possible image/ Laa pagaa totalament ou partiallement obacurciaa par un fauillat d'arrata. una paiure, etc.. ont iti filmies A nouveau da faqon A obtanir la mailleure image possibla. D Additional commanta:/ Commantairea supplimantairaa; Thia item is filmed at tha reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est film* au taux da rMuction indiqu* ci-daaaoua. 10X 14X 18X 22X 2SX »X y 12X 16X aox 24X 28X 32X r« lAtails 18 du nodifier ir una ilmage Th« copy filmed hare haa been reproduced thanka to the generoaity of: Library of the Public Archivea of Canada The imagea appearing here ere the beat quality poaaible conaidering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in Iceeping with the filming contrect apacificationa. Original copiea In printed paper covera are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the leat page with a printed or llluatrated Imprea- aion, or the bacic cover when epproprlate. All other originel copiea are filmed beginning on the first pege with a printed or llluatrated impraa- alon, and ending on the laat page with a printed or llluatrated impreaaion. IS L'exemplaire film* f ut repruduit grice A la ginAroaitA de: La bibliothAque des Archives publiques du Canada Lea imagea suivantea ont At* reproduites avac la plua grand aoin, compte tenu de ie condition et de ie nettetA de l'exemplaire film*, et en conformity evec ies conditions du contrat de filmege. Lee exempleirea originaux dont la couverture en pepier eat imprimte aont filmfo en commenpent per Ie premier plat et en terminant aoit par la darnlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impreasion ou d'illustration, aoit par ie second plat, salon la cas. Tous ies sutres exempleirea originaux aont fiimAa en commenpant par la premlAre pege qui comporte une empreinte d'impreaaion ou d'illuatratlon et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. The laat recorded freme on each microfiche ahail contain the aymboi — ^ (meening "CON- TINUED"), or the aymboi y (meening "END"), whichever appllea. Un dea aymbolea auivants apparaftra sur la darnlAre Imege de cheque microfiche, aeion Ie cea: la aymbole — ► aignifie "A SUIVRE", ie symboie y signifie "FIN". iVIaps, plates, charta, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratioa. Those too lorge to be entirely included In one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hend corner, left to right and top to bottom, aa many fremea aa required. The following diagrama iiluatrate the method: Lea cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre filmte A dea taux de r6duction diffArents. Lorsque ie document est trop grend pour Atre reprodult en un seul clichA, 11 est flim6 A partir de i'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche k droite, et de haut en bea, en prenant Ie nombre d'images nAcessaire. Lea diagrammes auivants illustrent la mAthode. irrata to palure. nit 3 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 / Appendix to the Report or the Minister of Agriculture for 1886. EEPOET or Sir CHARLES TUPPER, G.C.M.G., C B., EXKCT/TIVK COMMI8SIONKR. ON THE CANADIAN SECTION OF THE Colonial and Indian Exhibition At south KENSINGTON, 1886. '^tinUA tit| &x&tt at '^Mliamnt OTTAWA: FEINTED BY MACLEAN, EOGEE & CO., WELLINGTON STEEET, 1887. V 7 I 8 Offiox of the High CoMMissioNia for Oanada, No. 9 YioTORiA Chambirb, London, S.W., 20th December, 1886. To the Honourable John CARLiMa, Minister of Agrioaltare. Sib,— I have the honour to sabmit to yoa my report upon the part taken by the Dominion oi Canada in the Exhibition of the Colonies and India of 1886, In doing so, I may state, in the first plaoe, that I ftiel it is desirable that I should atindo to the extent to which the whole world is indebted to the Royal family of England for the initiation and promotion of international exhibitions, and that I should dwell for a moment on the grandeur of the idea which first suggested itself to the thoughtful mind of Prince Albert, and which took form in the Great Bxhibition of 1851. A new and royal road to knowledge was then pointed out to the nations, to knowledge of their own and each other's needs, and of the needs possessed by the sum of nations of supplying those needs, or to be sought oat by the aid of the insight gained by their coming together. So vast and so precious was the knowledge thus acquired, and so impossible was it to obtain it by any other means, that the road pointed out by Prince Albert in 1861 has never been abandoned. One after another, and some of them many times, the nations have trodden this path, which they soon discovered to be the only one which could guide them to a knowledge of their relative positions, and enable them to adjust their mutual relations. This recognition by the whole world of the indispenaability of these family gatherings of the nations, is the highest tribute which could be paid to the wise and beneficient genius of their royal initiator ; and by this recognition the world confessess that, had Prince Albert conferred no other benefit, this service alone would place him among the greatest benefactors of the human race. From the noble and touching allusion made by iL;> Prince of Wales in his address to the Queen at the opening of the Exhibition, there can be no doubt that the memory and the example of his great father were present with him whjn ne con- ceived the idea of assembling together the dependencies of Great Britain for pur- poses resembling those of the Great Exhibition of 1851. So early as the year 1883, the Prince made it known that thi$ idea had already received hi:) consideration, and the ability with which it was subsequently evolved will appear more and more clearly as we proceed with the story of this memorable year. In his speech at the close of the Fisheries Bxhibition, His Royal Highness said : — " At the close of the Paris Exhibition of 1868, 1 had the i^atisfaclion of receiving, from the Colonial Commissioners, an address in which great stress was laid on the desirability of establishing a permanent Colonial Museum in London, as a powerful means of diffusing throughout the mother country a better knowledge of the nature and importance of the several dependencies of the Kmpire, of facilitating commercial relations, marking progress, aiding the researches of men of science, and also of affording valuable information to emigrants. 12*-1J • ' " At that time I was ablo to do littlo more than asauro the commigHionerH of my readiness to promote auch u scheme, and to rooomiiend the respeotivo Govornmonts to giye it their full consideration. " I trust that tho British Colonial Exhibition, which I propone to hold in 1886, may result in the formation of such a museum, the institution of which would secure for the people oT this country a permanent record of the resources and development of Her Majesty's colonies." The Official Gazette o( iho 18th November, 1884, notified tho appointment by Her Majesty of the Boyal Commission, the membership of which proved at once the high importance attached by the Queen to the Exhibition, and the interest taken in it by the Boyal. family. It must also be observed with pride and gratifioation- throughout the dependencies of Grent Britain, that the names of their repreaenta- tives are associated, in this splendid roll, with those most illustrious in England in rank and station, in politics, in arms, in science. I introduce them here, and I am proud to point out that the honour conferred by thedistirgnished character of the Eoyal Commission is enhanced by the fact that it was the third, only, which Her Majesty has been pleased to appoint to direct the affairs of an exhibition. i Patron. Her Most Ghaoiocs Majistt the Queen. EOYAL COMMISSION. Gazetted I8th November, 1884, Executive President. PiiLD-MAasuAL H.R.H. THE Prince op Wales, E.G., K.T., K.P., G.C.B.,G.0.S.I., G.C.M.G. Vice-Admiral H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., K.T., K.P., G.O.S.I. G C.M.G. Major-General H K.H. the Duke of Connanght and Strathearn, K,G.,E.T., E.P., G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G., C.B Field>Marshal Commanding in Chief H.R.H. the Duke of Cambridge, K.G., E.T., K.P., G.C.B., G.O.S.I., G.C.M.G. The Duke of Manchester, E.P. The Duke of Buckingham ana Chandos, G.O.S.I. The Duke of Abercorn, C.B. The Marquess of Lansdowne, G.C.M.G. Ihe Marquess of Salisbury, E.G. The Marquess of Normanby, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. The Marquess of Ripon, E.G., G.C.S.I. The Marquess of Hartington, M.P. The Marquess of Lome, E.T., G.C.M.G. The Earl of Derby, E.G. The Earl of Dalhousie, E.T. The Earl ofRosebery. The Earl of Carnarvon. U Si: Od m 8ii G( Sit Sii Sit Sirl Sir! of my imonta 1 1886, Hooare opmont aent by moo the aken in iftoation- )roBontft- England im here, character iy, which n. l.,G.O.S.I., 1. G C.M.G. K.T., K.P., k.g.,k:.t., Tbo Bar) Cadogan. The Earl Granville, K.G. The Earl of ICiraborloy, K.G. The Karl of J)utlorin, K P., G.C.B., Q.O.S.I., G.C.M.G. The Earl of Nurthbrook, G.C.8.I. The Earl of Lytton, G OB , G.O.S.I. The Earl of Iddosleigh, G.O.B. The Viscount Cranbrook, G.O.S.I. The Viscount Bury, K.C.MG. The Lord Reay. Field Marshal the Lord Napier of Magdala, G.O.B., G.C.S.I. The Lord Aberdare, G.C.B. The Hon. Anthony Evelyn Melbourne Ashley. The Hon. Edward Stanhope, M.P. The Right Hon. Sir James Fergnsson, Bart, G.C.S.I., K. O.M.G., CLE. The Sight Hon. Hugh Culling Eardley Obildent. The Eight Hon. Sir William Henry Gregory, K.O.M.G., F.R.S. The Bight Hon. Sir Lyon Play fair, K.O.B., M.P., F.R.S. The Right Hon. Sir Michael Edward Hicks-Beach, Bar^ M.P. The Right Hon. Anthony John Mnndella, M.P. The Right Hon. Mountatuart Elphinstone Grant-Doff, CLE. The Right Hon. Sir Louis Mallet, O.B. The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor of London (for the time being). The Right Hon. the Lord Provost of Edinburgh (for the time being). The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor of Dublin (for the time being). Sir Henry Thurstan Holland, Bart., O.C.MG., M.P. Sir Daniel Cooper, Bart, K.C.M.G. Sir John Bose, Bart . , G.C.M . G. Sir Edward Birkbeok, Bart., M.P. Field-Marshal Sir Patrick Grant, G.C.B., G.G.MG. General Sir Frederick Paul Haines, G.O.B., G.OS.I., CLE. Major-General Sir Henry Creswioke Rawlinson, E.C.B., F.R.S. Lieutenant General Sir Charles Henry Brownlow, E.C.B. General Sir Edwin Beaumont Johnson, E.C.B. Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Dominick Daly, E.CB. Lieutenant-General Sir Samuel James Browne, E.G.B., E.CS.L, V.C Major*General Sir Peter Stark Lumsden, G O.B., CS.L Sir Thomas Brassey, E.C B., MP. Sir Robert George Wyndham Herbert, E.C.B. Major-General Sir Frederick Richard Pollock, E.C.S L Lieutenant-General Sir Harry Burnett Lumsden, E.CS.L, C.B. Sir Barrow Helbert a IH.-, E.C. S.I. Lieutenant-General Sir Dighton Macnaghten Probyn,E.C.S.I., C.B., V.C. Surgeon-General Sir Joseph Fayrer, E.CS.L, M.D. Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, E.O.S.I., C.3., M.D, Colonel Sir Owen Tudor Burne, E.CS.L, CLE. Lieutenant-Co!onel Sir Robert Groves Sandeman, E.CS.L Sir Lepel Henry Griffin, EC S.I. Colonel Sir Oliver Beaucbamp Coventry St. John, E.CS.L Major-General Sir Andrew Clarke. G.C.M.G., C.B., CLE. Sir Charles Tupper, G CM G , C.B. General Sir Edward Selby Smyth, K.CM.G. Sir Arthur BIyth, E.CM.G. Sir Francis Dillon Bell, E CM.G. Sir Saul Samuel, E.CM.G. Sir William Charles Sargeaunt, K.C.M.G. Sir Charles Hulton Gregory, E.C.M.G. Sir John Coodo, Knt. Sir Georgo Christopher MoloAWorth Bird wool, O.3.I., SI.D, ColoDol Sir Edward Ridley 0. Bradford. K.O S.[. Sir Charles MillN, K.C.M.G. ^ajor-Gonerul John WatHon, O.B., V.C. 'Colonel Henrv Yule, C. B. Maj)rGeDeral Marun Andrew Dillon, C.B., O.S.I. Lieutenant General Charhm John Foster, C.B. John Arthur Godloy, Ehq., C.B. Horace (ieorge Walnole, Rnq., O.fi. Lieutenant General Richard Straehey, 0.8.1. Major-General James Michael, G.S.i. Colonel Arthur liklward Augustus RIlis, C.S.I. Robert Anstruther Dalyoll, Rsq , CS.I. Arthur Hodgson, Esq , C.&i.G. Captain Montugu Frederick Ommanney, C.M.6. Robert Murray Smith, Esq., C.M.G. Augustus John Adderley, Esq., O.M.G. James Francis Garrick, E»q., O.M.G. The President of the Royal Academy of Arts (for the time being). The President of the Royal Geographical Society ffor the time being^. The President of the Royal Agrioaitnral Society (Ibr the time beiDg.) The President of the Institatioo of Civil Bngineers (for the time beiDg). The President of the Assooiation of Chambers of Commerce for tne United Kingdom (for the time being). Henry C^ppinger fieeton, Esq. Ernest Edward Blake, Esq. Bertram Wodehoase Currie, Esq. Julius de Renter, Esq. Samuel Morley, Esq. William George Pedder, Esq. John Pender, Esq., Also H.H. The Nizam of Hyderabad. H.H. The Maharajah (Gaekwar) of Baroda. H.H. The Maharajah of Mysore, G.C.S.I. H.H. The Begum of Bhopai, G.C.S.L H.H. The Maharajah Soindia of Gwalior, G.C.B., G.O.S.I., OJ.E. H.H. The Maharajah Holkar of Indore, G.C.S.I., CLE. H.H. The Maharajah of Oudipore. H.H. The Maharajah of Travancore, G.C.S.I. H H. The Nawab Bahawulpore, G.C.S.I. H H. The Maharajah of Jeypore. H.H. The Maharajah of Jodhpore, G.C.S.I. H.H. The Maharajah of Patiala. H.H. The Mabarajih of Benares, G.C.S.I. H.H. The Thakur Sahib of Bhownugger, G.C.S.L The Maharajah of Vizianagram. Secretary to the Royal Gomtnisgiotx. Sir Philip Cunliffe-OwoD, K.O.M.G., O.B., CLE. Asiistant Secretaries to the Boyal Commission. Edward Cunliffe-Owen, Esq., B. A. J. B. Boyle, Esq. (for India). Hi the are Lon Cole thee wbio more Whic] :Bxbii Gaara lo ten erecte I may appro^ sionore Uents I II •ystemi Sraaran cient. J (by the must m to at let of the a pose of I the rece grounde . their cai i Wit J among t IdecidMi r Ithe Roya iBpace. I ►*»© spac^ prnnoont ^nlarged L Iffordingl Jtting apl •4,650 8q7 '•'isitors, l\ •Jde pasfla •iepositio^ ^at I tral W the varj fffect. II I 5)- tie United Honorary Counsel to the Royal CommiMion. Sir Richard WobHter, Q.C., M.P. On the 24th November I was honoiod by the ioUowiDg letter from HU Koyal HigbnoHB the Prinou of WalcH : — MARiiBoaouun House, Pall Mall, S.W., 24th November, 1881. Sir,— The Official Gazette of the 18th inst., a oopy of whioh is enclosed, certifies the appointment by Her Majesty the Qavon of the Royal CommissioD, of which you are a member, for the purpose of organizing and carrying out an fizhibilion in London, during the year 1886, of the Products, Manufactures and Resoorceii of the Colonial and Indian Empire. In assuming the active Presidency of this Oommisnion, I am desirous of having the opportunity of bringing prominently under notice the development and progress which have been made m the various parts of the British Bmpire, trusting that • more intimate knowledge may thus be obtained of the vast lelds for enterprise which exist throughout the britiah Dominions. Tou are doubtless aware that the financial system, by which the International Exhibitions held in London in 1861 and 1862 wore carried out, was on the basis of a Guarantee Fund, and this system has been succassfully followed in the series of International Exhibitions now being held at South EensiDgton, in tl.e buildings erected by the Executive Committee of the International Fisheries Exhibition. I may here mention that these buildings, as well as the gardens, have, with my approval, been rented from the Fisheries Executive and from Her Majesty's Com mis- flionors for the exhibition of 1851, respectively, and I have decided that these arrange- ments shall continue during the year 1886. I have determined to carry out the C!olorial and Indian Exhibition upon this system of guarantee, and the Secretary of State for India in Oouncil has alreadr gnaranted the sum of £20,000, out of the £50,000 «vhich it is estimated will be sum- oient. I trust that the Dominion of Canada, and the Colonies, represented in England by the Agents-General, upon the co-operation of whioh the success of the exhibition must mainly depend, will feel able to guarantee sums amounting, in the aggregate, to at least £30,000 ; and I should be glad to be informed at your earliest convenience of the amount whioh your Government would be disposed to guarantee for the pur- pose of atisisting to carry out this undertaking. I should add that the experience of the recent Exhibitions whioh have been held at South Kensington, affords thb well- i grounded hope that the Exhibition of 1886 will be self supporting, and that, as in their case, it will not be necessary to make any call upon the guarantors. With regard to the division of the available exhibiting space in the Buildings, I among the various exhibiting Governments, I have to inform you that it has been (decid^ that it will be more conducive to the general interests of this Exhibition that |the Royal Commission should, itself, make the best possible appropriation of such £aco. I therefore forward, with this letter, a general plan of the Buildings, on which e spaces which the Royal Commission has directed should be set apart for the Gov- Wnment of the Dominion are clearly indicated. To this general plan is annexed an <(Bnlarged plan, together with sections and elevations of these spaces, thus, I trust. Affording all the information necessary to enable the preparatory arrangements for f tting up the courts to be made in the Dominion itself. These spaces amount to 54,550 square feet, and except that it is necessary to provide, for the circulation of visitors, longitudinal passages 25, 15 and 12 feet respectively in width, and smaller Side passages, especially where doors occur in the structure, of 10 feet in width, the tisposition of these spaces is entirely left to your Government. I would only say lat I trust that no barriers or partitions may be erected between the spaces assigned the various Colonial Governments whioh might in any way mar the general feet. "« ■r^.'Vi ■ * I 1 1 Ml In settiog apart for the Dominion the spaces thas indicated, I woald wii^h to point oat that one of the reasons for bo doing is, that, in the Court known as the Western Gallery, all the necessary appliancect exist for working Machinery in motion ; and, therefore, sboald yoar Government elect to show this branch of industry, the means for so doing are ready at hand. A spacious Aquarium is also contiguous to this gallery, and the Boyal Commission has thought that this would bo an induce* ment for the Government of the Dominion of Canada to exhibit live specimens of fish. For these reasons, therefore, and having due rogard to the central and important position of the courts, the Boyal Commission has considered the apportionment eminently suitable to the Dominion. With reference to the administration of the Exhibition, I have already stated that it is my intention to take the same executive part as I did in the case of the Paris Universal Exhibition of 1878 ; and. with the consent of Her Majesty's Govern- ment, I have selected Sir Philip Gunlitte-v/v?en, E.C.M.G , C.B., C.I.B., Director of the South Kensington Museum, to act as Secretary to the Boyal Commission. I shall, in all matters of special importance, address myself personally to t)ie Executive Commissioner appointed by your Government, but I shall be obliged by all general correspondence baing carried on with the Secretary of the Boyal Commission. As regards the method of representation to be adopted by your Government, I hope that your Government will appoint a single Executive Commissioner to repre- sent it at the Exhibition, and it will give me great pleasure to find that you have been nominated to this post, and that, if necessary, not more than two or three com- missioners appointed by your Government c>hould assist you in these duties. Without being able to fix an exact date so far in advance, the Exhibition will open during the first fortnight in May, in the year 1886. With the ample time which is being given to all concerned, I sincerely hope that the work of installation may be complete at least a fortnight previous to the date of opening. As the object of this Exhibition is to represent the progress and the development of each colony, it has been considered impracticable to call upon the colonial Govern- ments to comply with any form of classification, as has been the custom at previous exhibitions. Each colony is, therefore, at liberty to make a classification best suit- able to its own requirements. In furtherance of this idea, I trust that each Government will take an early opportunity of preparing a catalogue of the objects intended for exhibition, which, for the sake of uniformity, I would request should be modelled somewhat on the principle of the enclosed specimen, more especially as regards size of page and style of type. Each Government will be at liberty to sell its own catalogue, but the Boyal 'Commis6ion will be glad to receive, as soon as practicable, a digest of it, in order that it may be embodied in a general catalogue of the Exhibition, which will be published by the Commission. Many points of interest will doubtless present themselves to you and to those who are concerned in the preparation of the Exhibition, but I should wish particularly to point out that I hope that careful statistics of ^our Dominion may be prepared, carrying the information to 1885, and in such a clear and readable form as to permit this valuable information to be readily understood by the working classes of this country. Maps, specially prepared for the information of the public, should also, as far as possible, be prominently Hhown in courts of the Dominion. It is hoped that these statistics, as well as the maps on a reduced scale, will be largely made use of in the catalogues. Much interest is taken in this country in the Woods of the various colonies, and I shall be glad to find, that whore cases are requisite for the display of goods, these cases should by made from the native Woods of the Dominion, in order that a com- plete representation of them may be practically shown. ' With reference to the building stones and marbles of the Dominion, I would ; suggest that they should be sent over in the form of pedestals, a bketch to scale of ^ which ie enclosed, as likely to aad uniformity, and to render the specimens of com- % mercial value. '^ Ej foi th( as coi pai rep rep staj I hi men forn 8ibl< speoi flerv< prod This that f each depai I tion Ii wishei Exhib the in herel ■Bxhib Gover the fi from Ii to con has bee ward tl Th< and the must b( whose ii 80 comp( the grea iX X ,d with to wn as the o motion ; uBtry, the tiguous to in induoe- BQg of fish, important jrtionment ady stated sase of the y's Govern- Director of on. I shall, ) Executive all general asion. vernment, I aer to repre- lat you have ,r three com- ties. . hibition will ample time f installation J development ionialGovern- m at previous lion nest suit- take an early ►itioD, which, lewhat on the jage and style [logue, but the digest of it, in ' ,n, which will t u and to those kh particularly be prepared, fj as to permit Classes of this Ishould also, as V is hoped that [made use ot in Lb colonies, and of goods, these ^er that a com- minion, I would [etch to scale of HQimens ot com- i As it is poiisible that the various Colonial Governments participating; in the Exhibition may desire, as its outcome, that apormarent Colonial Muipective Governments, participate in the Exhibition ; it will not, therefore, be possible for the Royal Commission to entertain any applications upon any pretence wha ever from Colonial Importers or Agents in this country. I send to you this letter in duplicate, and I trust that yon will have the kindness to communicate its substance by telegram to your Government, and forward my despatch by the earliest mail. 1 may add, for your information, that a further copy has been sent to the Colonial Office, with a request that the Earl of Derby will for- ward the same to Her Majesty's representative, the Governor General of the Dominion. I have the honour to bo, Sir, Your obedient servant, (Signed) ALBERT EDWARD, P. The eminently business-like character of this letter, the wisdom of its suggestions, and the perception it displays of the best means of attaining the objects sot forth must be eminently gratifying to all over whom its author must one day rule, in whose intoroBts he shows so much concern, and whose welfare he has proved himself so competent to advance. To Canadians it is especially satisfactory, not only from the great space it assigns to the Dominion, but also from the statement that that f ■^P-.r:(rTW?''wy'^T* 17 J "T^^* ^\'^-^'i^rir^,^7 ) i\\ I !■ 10 epace is especially suited to Canada from its central positioD, Another flattering reason for giving this space to Canada is that the Western Gallery aflbrded the means of showing machinery in motion ; and the fact woald therefore appear to have been foreseen by the Prince of Wales thai Canada alone, of all Eer Majesty's Colonies, would be in a position to appear in the class of exhibits which, of all others, bespeaks an advanced position in the arts of civilized life. Under aathority of a vote of Parliament, in the Session of 1886, the Government of Canada contributed £ 10,000 of the guarantee fund, toward which the Colonies collec- tively wero called upon to subscribe £:^0,000. Noblemen, gentlemen and private com- panies contributed £150,000, and India £20,000. Daring the summer of 1886 1 visited Canada, travelling over the whole Dominion, making arrangements with the Federal and Local Governments as to their action, and exerting myself , to the utmost to bring Canadians to a sense of the value of the unprecedented opportunity now afforded them to dispel erroneous impressions, to display the resources of their splendid domain, and to show the world the extent to which their energy and intelligence bad enabled them to profit by the gifts so bountifully placed at their disposal by nature. In this work I was energetically supported by the newspaper press of the Dominion, and when, under your direction, agents were appointed for the purpose of securing a becoming representation of our country's achlevememts, applications for space, ae you are aware, poured in so quickly that, long before the expiry of the time fixed for receiving them, the f>pace allotted to the Dominion, great as it was, was found inadequate to the demands upon it, and a number and class of exhibits had been secured which left no doubt as to the position which Canada would occupy among Jier sister colonies. The instructions given to the agents, I understand, left much to their individual judgment, and this confidence was fully justified by the results of their efforts. The regulations which you established were framed wholly with a view to the convenience and advantage of the exhibitor, who was merely asked to put his exhi- bit together and deliver it at the nearest railway station. From the moment of his doing 60 it was taken charge of by the Government, which undertook to convey it to South Kensington free of charge, to install it in the Exhibition, to look after it while there, to endeavor to sell it, if desired, at the exhibitor's own price, to take orders, to secure trade connections if possible, and to convey it back to Canada free of charge should it not bo sold meanwhile. Everything was done to make the exhibitors' share of the work as light as possible. The arrangements for transport now occupied your attention, and owing to the difficulty in securing rates suffiiiiently low to meet your views, these occupied much more time than had been expected, and were afterwards found to be inadequate to the rapid despatch of so great a volume of matter, rendered doubly necessary by the delay in the date of shipment. Arrangements were at length affected with Messrs. Piokford and Black, of Halifax, agents for the Furness line of steamships, for trans- On which p j her Indi j form, th j history, [theirrac Intteranc jindebted Jeconomi( seemed t the open i sin the ev iesti mated Fron most attri the numb( With prac lions usefi; fhe favorit Ibore than fPpIioatioD i«cessarj t n [altering le means ave been Colonies, vernment ies coUec- ivate oom- )5 1 visited , he Federal 8t to bring )W afforded ir splendid intelligence disposal by press of the the purpose applications y of the time it was, was lexbibits had ould occupy lerstand, left itifiel by the , view to the [>at his exhi- |)mentof his J convey it to lafter it while Iko orders, to ee of charge exhibitors' lowing to the loupied much Inadequate to Vsary by the I with Messrs. Ips. for trans- port between that port and London docks at the rate of 17s. 6d. per ton, weight or measurement, *^ -. legotiations for transport from the docks to South Kensington being made b^' . -> at a rate of ts. 8d. per ton of 40 cubic feet, and lis. per ton of 2,210 lbs. It 80CD became apparent that the desire of the Prince of Wales to have all exhibits installed a fortnight prior to the date of the opening, would not be fulfilled, though in this respect Canada was no worse than her sister colonies. The most important failure was in the case of the large pictures of Canadian cities designed for the main entrance, for which eight large panels had been set apart. These pictures, although sent forward by the Messrs. Notman from Montreal on the 16th March, were detained week after week in the shippers' warehouses in Halifax, and all in London who were interested in the credit of the Dominion, had the mortifica- tion of seeing, long after the opening of the Bxhibition, these still vacant spaces inscribed, in huge capitals, « Beserved for views to be received from Canada." But notwithstanding all these shortcomings, the courts were in a presentable condition when the opening day arrived. Three days before that date the Prince I of Wales inspected the Exhibition, and expressed himself much pleased with the state of readiness in which he found the several courts. The Prince was accompanied by myself and staff, and those who were so fortunate as to be present will ever remem- ber that pleasent half hour. 1 On the 4th May, Her Majesty opened the Exhibition with a pomp and splendor '4 which proved the high appreciation in which she holds her Colonial Dominions and ^ her Indian Empire. The noble conception of the Prince of Wales now took visible % form, thrilling the nation with a sense of its greatness, and for the first time in their I history, bringing home to the English people the grandeur of the achievements of \ their race. The ability of the English press, unrivalled as it is, was taxed to give ■utterance to the rush of patriotic feeling called forth by this signal event. England's ^indebtedness to her colonies was fully realized and generously expressed. The leconomic objects of the Exhibition, to whish its royal initiator had alone alluded, J seemed to be forgotten in the momentous political consequences which appeared from .|the opening day. For, although the share of the Exhibition of the Colonies and India |in the ever memorable rally round the throne which marked this year can never be estimated, no student of the contemporary press can doubt that it was great indeed. From the hour of its opening, the Exhibition was pronounced to be by far the 'most attractive ever hold in S^uth Koningtoo, and it soon became apparent that the numbers visiting it would be very much greater than in any former instance. With practical men, seeking investment for capital, fields for enterprize, or inven- lions useful in the business of life or adding to its comforts, the Canadian seciion was ihe favorite. As I have said, the space originally allotted to Canada had been much taore than taken up long before the shipments of the exhibits had commenced. As i|pplications for space for very important exhibits continued to pour in, it becsme Necessary to provide farther aocommodation ; and although I succeeded in having mm ii { 12 the space very considerably extended some time before the opening, a number of valaable exhibits coald not, for some time after that event, be installed either to my own satisfaction or to that of the exhibitors. Accordingly, the spacious annexe formerly occupied by the Art and Science Collection of the South Eenington Museum was addei to our already enormous area, affording ample room for every- thing. Canada, for whose needs 54,000 feet had at first been deemed a most liberal provision, finally occupied 90,475 feet; and, looking from the Conservatory of the Boyal Albert Hall, the point commanding the most comprehensive view of the Exhibition buildings, the Dominion met the view whichever way the spectator might turn ; in front, behind, to right, to left, and extended out of sight over spaces equally vast. Her supremacy among the Colonies, evident from the outset, became daily more imposingly manifest, and was freely acknowledged. At a meeting of the Executive Commissioners for the Colonies held on the 14th July, Sir Francis Dillon Bell, the distinguished representative of New Zealand, described the Canadian courts as " by far the most varied and splendid." This frank avowal from the antipodes only expressed the opinion of the world here assembled. The benefits we must reap from our efforts of this year may no doubt be measured by the surprise and admira- tion our achievements have gained, DOMINION aOTERNMBNT EXHIBITS. of , whi gret that Schr oxpa Fede have His I for th artisti the pi T ii terns o Federa of Ontj extendi ■Brunsw I play of .♦notice i In The Federal Government assumed the responsibility of displaying, in a manner becoming their prime importance, those natural resources common to all the pro- vinces of the Dominion, and the fine maps, plans and surveys, without which no geo- graphical, topographical, or geological knowledge of the country would be possible. The Department of Agriculture forwarded the collection of cereals in grain and straw, of vegetables, roots, &o., which, together with the contributions of the pro- vinces and of private individuals, formed the beautiful trophy at the east end of the Central Gallery, which at once arrested the steps and captivated the imagination of all beholders, and to which I shall presently return. A oompreheneive exhibit of the T ^^^^ botany of the Dominion was also provided by Government. The Department of the f ® ^'^^ Interior, controlling the Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada, sent w *P'*"' that full and representative collection of economic minerals, of precious metals and ;^"PPv* their ores, which, grouped with the contributions of individual oxhibitors, formed that imposing and varied display of mineral wealth which has taken such a promin "^ ''''"'P ent place in the regards of practical men visiting 4he Exhibition, and which alsi I embraced a collection of specimens illustrating the archrean formations of the Dom V inion. The Geological Survey also sent the geological map prepared by its lat eminent director, Sir Wm. B. Logan, and published in 1866, with other and late ®fo«P I.- maps, and a complete set of its instructive reports. The Department of the Interio also contributed surveys in the North- West Territories, plans of townships, and ^ general map of part of the North- West Territories, including the Province of lian J tobftf The Department of Marine and Fisheries furnished that magnificent oollectiofl Class 18 number of t,her to my ous annexe t Kenington , for every- most liberal Bktory of the view of the the spectator t over epaces tttset, became meeting of the Jranoia Dillon lanadian courts the antipodes 9 we must reap BO and admira- of staffed and preserved specimens of Canadian fishes and marine invertebrates, which by its completeness, its range, and its classification, so fally illustrated this great source of Canadian wealth. The Department of ilailways and Canals supplied that coloHsal map of the Dominion, prepared under the direction of Mr. Collingwood Scbreiber, which has contributed so largely to a knowledge of our vast aod fruitful expanses, and of the ease with which they are reached. These matters in which the Federal Government took the lead will be treated at length in their proper order. I have thought proper to mention them here in a brief and collective form. The Federal G-overnment also sanctioned the formation of a committee, of which His Excellency the Marquis of Lansdowne graciously consented to take the chair, for the purpose of making the best possible collection of the works of Canadian artists. The labors of this committee revealed an advancement in art surprising in the present stage of the country's development, and full of promise for the future. PaOVINOUL aOVERNMENT EXHIBITS. The Provincial Governments assumed the representation of the educational sys- I terns of the several provinces, and, as already stated, supplemented the efforts of the I Federal Government in securing a successful agricultural display. The Government I of Ontario also took charge of that exhibition of dairy produce which has so much ing, in a manner | extended our already extensive trade in this branch. The Government of New in to all the pro* iBj-mjawiok was honorably distinguished by a very boautlful and comprehensive dis- ut which no geo- fpiay of the woods of that province. The various provincial exhibits will receive due rould be possible, ^notice in their proper places, lis in grain and | itions of the pro* | classification of exhibits. ) east ^^ I In the classification which T have adopted in arranging the exhibits and framing imagin »be catalogue, I have followed what appears to be the most uatural order ; taking in ive exhioi Mj^^ ^^^^ place the three kingdoms of nature and the industries connected with the lepartmen jidaptation to our uses of the resources they provide ; then those manufactures which of Cana a, Supply the needs of a more highly developed social condition; and, finally, subjects onnectedyWith mental and icsthetic culture. The outcome of this plan is the follow- Dg simple classification : — le leoious metals and) Ixhibitors, formed an such a promin and which alet Ltions of the Dom Dpared byitslatj other and late |entofthelnterio| townships, and Iprovinoe of Mani rnificent coUeotioj LIST OP CLASSES, WITH SUMMARY OF EXHIBITS THEREIN. Vegetable Kingdom, roup I. — Agriculture. PAGE. Class 1. — Machinery and Implements 93 2.-Cereal8 96 3.— Vegetables and Fruit 107 4. — Farinaceous Products^ ...>< 121 6. — Dwellings, Utddsiis, J^'ertilizers 122 t il I IH \ \ 14 PAQI. Group n. — PorestP. Class 1.'— Trees, Plants, and Flowers. Pore^^t Produoti^. Timber, worked and unworked 124 2. — Trades connected with Porests 130 Animal Kingdom. Birds and Terrestial MammaU. Insects and their prodaots 138 Groap III. — Fisheries 155 Glass 1.— Pi«hes 175 2. — Marine Mammals 175 3. — Apparatus and Products 175 4.~-Fi8h as Pood 177 Mineral Kingdom. Group IV.— >Mineralogy. Class 1. — Mining and Metallurgy and Industries connected there- with 180 2— Geology 208 Group y. — Manafaotures and Industries. Class 1.— Woven and Textile Pabrics, &o 208 2.— Men, Women's and Children's Clothing and Accessories 212 3.— Purnitnre. Decoration 216 4.— Pottery and Glass 221 5. — Musical Instruments 221 6. — Construction and Building (Iron and Steel Work). Ventilation, Heating and Lighting 222 7.— Clocks and Watches. Gold and Silversmith's Work and Jewellery. Electrotypes 231 8.— Carriages, Carts and Waggons. Harness and Saddlery Saddlers' Ironmongery, &o 232 9. — Leather and Skins. Leather Work. Babber Goods. Needlework. Lacework. Tapestry Work 236 10.— Turnery. Basket, Brush and Woodenware, Fancy Articles. Toys 240 II.— Paper, Stationery, Priming and Bookbinding. Painting and Drawing Materiain 247 12. — Machinery and Machine Tools 264 13. — Navigation. Ship and Boat Building 253 14. — Life Saving Apparatus 262 15. — Bailway and Telegraph Work. Telephony 253 16.— Meat and Fish 264 17. — Condiments. Sugar. Confectionery. Stimulants. Tobaccos 269 18.— Fermented Drinks Other Beverages. Malt and Hops. 272 19. — Firearms. Other Weapons 274 20.— Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 275 21.— Sanitary Appliances 278 22,— Surgical, Optical, Scientific and Philosophical Instru- ments 278 23. — Photography 279 24.— General Application of the Arts of Drawing and Model- ling 282 26.— Yarioua Drawings. Pen and Ink and other Sketches. 282 Gro C Groi I i 15 PA OB. Group Y[. — Eduoation and Instruotion. Collective Collootions : ClasB 1. — Books and other publioations 284 2.— Map 285 Group VII.— Fine Artp. ClasB 1.— Oil Paintings and Water Color Paintings 406 2.— Sculpture 411 3. — Drawings in Blacic and White 411 4.— Engraving. Etching 411 5. — Architectural Drawings 412 180 208 208 212 216 221 221 247 254 253 262 2.53 264 269 272 274 275 278 '. 278 , 279 282 282 AARIOULTURAL AND OTHIB HAOHINERT. In eatabliHhing themselves in a new country, the first of the arts to which men turn their attention is that which constitutes the foundation and the starting point of all oivilizations, and which, in Canada, is happily still the occupation of the ruling body of the community. The first place in our consideration is therefore due to agriculture, and to the means by which it is carried on. In the manufacture of agriculture machinery and implements, Canada has for many years occupied a position of which f.ny country might well be proud. In many lands, and upon every occasion where she could chow her achievements, she I has vindicated her claim to be, in this most important branch, a teacher of nations old and young. In the Exhibition of 1886, her pre-eminence was more than ever manifest. Among all Her Majesty's colonies she stood alone and nnapproached, |0ccupying the whole Western Gallery, some 6,000 feet, in which motive power was supplied, and which resounded with the hum of her machinery, showing at once the extent of her agricultural requirements, and the ability of her inventive genius to Supply them. The charge of this most important section of our exhibits was UDder< taken by Mr. James Clark, whose invaluable services as Mechanical Superintendent you were so judicious and so fortunate as to secure. From whatever point of view 'Mr. Clark's appointment may be considered, it was one upon which all whi) are Interested in Canada's success at the Exhibition may well congratulate themselves; tnd I have much pleasure in bearing testimony to his technical knowledge, ansiduity nd courtesy. -I The magnificent display of agricultural machinery immediately attracted atten- ilon and induced enquiry. Some of the harvesting machinery was found not to be lijapted to English husbandry, from the fact that it breaks up the straw too much, jlean, straight straw being of such value in England. This objection, however, might overcome, and the cheapness of our wood, the employment of machinery in mak- Ig these machines, and, lastly, the superior working powers of the Canadian work- man, might enable us to compete successfully in England in these few exceptions, as bU as in the larger number of machines which have found favor. At an early ! n in ill 'il 16 period of the ozhibition, attention was tamed to the exhibit of the SlasBey Manafac< taring Company, and orders wore taken for their Toronto horse rake and horse mower, and subsequently the Marquis of Lome gave Mr. Massey an order for harvesting machinery to be used on his own estates, while a very extensive purohase was made about the same time for shipment to South America. The hay tedders of Messrs. Mathew Wilson & Co., of Hamilton, and J. O. Wisnor, Son, & Co., of firant- ford, and the fanning mills of Messrs. Edmund L. Goold & Co., of Brantford, eeourcd early orders, and that exhibited by Mr. Morrison Campbell, of Chatham, Ont., was also disposed of. The great hay press of Messrs. J. & S Bissette, of Iberville, ., ot Picton, Oat,, in their turbino wheels, through their London ugents, and they also received some orders directly traceable to the Bxhibi> tion. Sewing and knitting machines may also bo montionod here. They occupied a very conspicuous position in the Central Gallery and were constantly surrounded by interested visitors. The sewing machines of Ciuada were represented by the exhibits of Messrs. B. M. Wanzar & Co., of Hamilton, Bir. Charles Baymond, of Guelph, and the Williams' Manufacturing Cjmpany, of Montreal. The first men- tioned firm express themselves very highly pleased with the results of the Exhibition to their business, and the others have also done fairly well, although their miohines were not previously so widely known in England as the Wanzer. The knitting machines of Messrs. Creelman Brothers, of Georgetown, Ont., were speedily appreciated, and a large business resulted. The patent wooden belt pulley, exhibited by the Dodge Wood Split Pulley Company, of Toronto, will probably lead to business on a large scale. *'Wood pulleys," said The Builder^ July 17th, " have the advantage in 'grip' over iron pulleys, and the reason why they have not been hitherto need has been that they have never until now been constructed on scientific principles." This difficulty solved, our Canadian makers will now doubtless reap the benefit of their well directed ingenuity. Apart from all considerations of trade, the exhibition of so much excellent agri- cultural and other mauhiaery mu3t bring home to the mind the extent of the field for mechanical employment and for the investment of capital in thin branch of industry, a branch which must expand until the development of Canadian agricultural and other industries shall have reached its final limits, and until our ability to com- pete in these lines in foreign markets shall exist no longer. Of the many objects of the Exhibition, none is mure important than that of proving that Canada is not merely v< a land of forest occupations* and of a rude and primitive agriculture, but a country where skill is in demand in almost every calling exercised in civilized lite, and to an extent which must expand for an indefinite time to come. I AGBICDLTCRAL PRODUCTS. I Passing from agricultural machinery and implements to the products of the soil I I come to the great agricultural trophy of the Dominion, to which I have already ialluded, and in which were disolaved the contrlbatioae of the Federal and Provincial 12*— 2 \, 18 I GovornrnoDta, together with many by private exhibitors. This beautifal struotaro was dodigned, at my request, by Sir. John W. H. Watts, and carried out nnder my pcrHoniil HUpervipii >n by Mr Aloxandor Bdgj^, with the very valuable aitistio aid of Mr. Jame4 Wilson. To the judgment and good taste of these gentlemen it is not too much to say that the Dominion is very greatly indebted, for from this trophy our grout otaple industry appealed to thooyu in all its diversity, yet as one harmonious whole. A vivid and comprehensive picture of Canadian agrioultare from orcan to ocean, in lUl its ramitiuations, was presented to the spectator in one moment, sug- genting to his mind all the blessings attending the possession and the skilful use of boundlcHH nnd fraitfal expanses, and telling of skies of unfailing kindness. The position I assigned to this trophy was a commanding one, and was made the most of by ilr. Watts and the gentlemen associated with him in the masterly composition of the structure. Standing in the middle of the eastern transept of the Central Gallery, and towering up to the centre of the arched roof, it was the first striking object con- fronting the visitor entering the Canadian court from the East Arcade, by which he must pass from the main entrance on Exhibition Road. Covering a space of some 676 square feet, and reaching, as I have said, to the highest point of the roof, its size alone would have made it sufficiently conspicuous. It was supported by four uprights, around which were shelves covered by the admirable collection of fruits from all parts of the Dominion, which, standing in order on these piojeoting buttresses, appeared in bright relief amid the more sombre tints of the grasses and cereals above and around them. We are indebted to Profes'^or Saunders, of London, Ont., for the means of preserving our fruits in such excellent condition, for their scientific group- ing, and for his able suporintendenoe, during the early stages of the exhibition, of all matters connected with this important interest. Between the fruit-laden supports of the trophy were four archways, around which the cereals and grasses were grace- fully festooned, other specimeus also standing upon the upper portion of the trophy. As the trophy was intended to be completely representative, everything was upon it, from agricrtltural implements to the manufactured products of the farm, animal and vegetable; butter and lard, condensed milk, canned fruits and meats, hams of many grades, cheeses, samples of pressed hay, bags of seed grains, oatmeal and flour, in the centre of the trophy stood a pillar, around whose base were arranged poliehed specimens of British Columbia woods, twenty-five in number, arranged by Profes&or Macoun, and collected under the supervision of Br. Selwyn. On the polished surfaces of those were well executed paintings of Canadian wild flowers. The wisdom of the course adopted in having our exhibits displayed by classes and not by provinces, became very evident in comparing our courts with those of Australio, where, owing to the absence of confederation, each class of exhibit was scattered over five different spaces in as many different courts, the result, as may be easily imagined, being far less impressive than in the case of the massed exhibits of the Dominion. Nowhere throughout oar courts is the advantage of this arrange- - MWHUkiiS'^ 19 atruotaro inder my stio aid of in It IB pot lis trophy armoniouB m Of can to naeot, BUg- :ilfal UBO of nees. The the most of ttpoBition of ral Gallery, r object con- jy which he of some 676 roof, its Biae our uprights, litB from all ig buttresses, cereals above Ont., for the lentiflo group- libition, of all iden supports IB were graoe- f the trophy. ling was upon I, animal and lams of many Ind flour. In nged polished by Professor lishod surf:ioe8 by classes and lyith those of exhibit was Result, as may ssed exhibits I this arrange- ment more apparent than in the agrioultaral section. Without it, the imposing trophy I have desoribed would have boen impossible, and nothing else would hive been so eti'outual in catching the eye and suggesting objouts of in<^uiry to the mind. It was a comprehensive pictorial volume, at onco utFording information and oroating a desire for further knowledge, and the questions it suggested could bo immediately answered by the gentlemen in charge. To Captain William Olark, of Winnipeg, who finally assumed the charge of the ngrioultural section, more than a paHsin^; tribute is due. His intimate acquaintance with his subject, his assiduity, his genuine and unfailing courtesy, contributed to an extent which can never be ustimated, to the tipreaJ of knowledge of our agricultural achievementH and possibilities ; und to his concienti- oas accuracy in recording each day's events and observatiouR, I am mainly indebted for whatever information I am able to lay before you as to this most important feature of the Exhibition, and its vital results in our country's favour. No time could have been more opportune for the attraction of the attention of agricultulis's in Bngland to the fields of the Colonies. For many years the landed interest here has suffered much from American and Canadian competition, and a series of bad seasons, which may recur at any time, has strengthened the conviction ' of the precariousness of agriculture in these islands. The Exhibition made it very evident that Colonial and Indian competition would very soon be added to the diffi- culties already well-nigh overwhelming the British farmer, who has boen in this way led still further to weigh his troubles here against his chances in tho Colonies. Such was the position of things described by tenant farmers in conversation with Captain ' .' Clark, who profited to the utmoat by the state of receptivity in which he found the minds of his numerous visitors of this very important class. From Captain Clark's weekly reports to mo, I am able to state that the results of the agricultural exhibit have surpassed all expectations. Many well to-do tenant farmers who came ware already abmt to emigrate to Canada, and went away, wiser, but by no moans sadder -imon Others were induced by what they saw and heard to state their intention of doing so as soon as possible. Many declared their intention not to renew their leases Kon expiry, but to become owners in Canada instead of tenants here. Many more, ^•iiot content with going out themselves, stated their determination to induce their neighbors to do so too. Nor were enquiries confined to the farming class. Many gentlemen having friends in Canada were induced, by the confirmation they found In the Exhibition of the favorable reports already received, to consider the propriety of going out themselves, while others went away well pleased that those dear to them should have found a home in a land where their labors are so sure of reward. Employers of labor in some instances brought their workmen, and professors their •tudents, in order that they might study at first hand the agricultural capabilities of Canada. The immediate commercial results of our agricultural exhibits were no less fatifying than thoee of a character more indirect bat equally certain. At an early 12*-2i 20 pr^riod of tht« ^'xhibition, enqnirion were namerous for the addre«aes of Oanadian ^fm^^ >f graiD!«, oMsdlM and milliog produotA. Bven the prairie grMses oame into tHRhaiut ^ti arrange rnc'i" «r*re made for trial Hhiptnont« from WioDipeg. Tho snperinr quuliiiy uf the liod Pyfe and other wheats of Manitoba and the Norlh-Weat was recognizod hero an in thu Unitfti "ItatoH, and a leading place ia the markets of Europe has been noonred for those grairn, and only awaits the a^'Murance, hhortly to oome, of a steady -supply. A paper read by Bf r B. B. B'ggar, in the Conference ^'^m of the Exhibition, on flur culture in Oanada, drew attention to this subject. Xjp vn the present time tivc-sizthu of the flax used in Britain has been obtained fW>m Eussia. Last year an Ontario firm sent over 1,000 tons of flax to Belfast, which was pronounced superior to the Russian and oqiiiil to tho best Irish. One hundred thousand tons of flax are imported annually into Great Britain, and thoro appears to be no reason why Canada should not have the Hupplying of this or most of it. The FSxhibltion had not been open long before the inquiries of Baglmh doaUid for our farm and dairy produce, tinned meats and iiah, Ao,, became so iiumr nv ai to lead to the formation of a committee of Canadian producers for the parpoau of con- sidering measures for the better preservation of those articles during ocean transit. The deliberations of these gentlemen resulted ic valuable practical snggestionp, which I transmitted to yon. I was however much gratified to learn that you had already taicen steps to carry out the same object. The quantity of Canadian food products sold in the Colonial IVIirkot connected with tho Exhibition, ai will be seen when I reach that portion of my report, were considerable, while the large orders from private dealers made an important addition to onr already extensive English trade Upon the return of Profesdor Sounders to Canada, tho fruit exhibits were placed under the charge of Mr. 0. K H. Starr, Seorotary to the Fruit Growers' Association of Nova Scotia, who h^ been all along modt assiduous and efficient in promoting the knowledge of Canada's great advantages as a fruit-growing country. The importance of these exhibits extends far beyond the question of trade with Europe in fruits, im- portant as that question is. They have been of immense service in dispelling preju- dices against our climate. Corn, as every body knows, will grow under a compara- tively gloomy sky, but wine and fruit want a genial sun ; and the infinite variety of fine fruits from nearly every province between ocean ; nd ocean, convinced all who saw them that, whatever may hi- ntrf5:4 t was evident tL&t an extensive market may be opened. Glasgow, indeed, like Mano faeetor, already takes a good deal of our fruit, and Mr. Starr made the aoquaintanco i r SJl of Oanadiftn tes oame into inipeg. Tho , North-WMt le markets of ICO, ithortly to be Conference this aubjaot. obtained from rtt, whloh was Ono hundred ore appears to St of It. 5ogliB*» iloaUii uamp '>'^' »ale hues of the home- ; grown fruit, and telling eloquently of the skies and sunshine u their native land. It . maybe hoped that a central depot may be established for tbedi^-tribution of Canadian fruits at first prices, for the benefit of consumers and of the sma ler members of the ; distributing classes, who are unable to make large direct importu ions. I iuay state that our fruit won the medal of the Royal Horticultural Society. I may Introduce here two documents which you will find both interesting and instructive, showing, as they do, the position which our fruits have von in England, And the benefits which Canada must derive from her fruit exhibits, . nd also contain- n promoting ,^^^ BUggestions which our fruit growers may note with profit to tbomselves. The The importance .^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ .^ ^^^ report of Mr. A. T. Barrow, Secretary to tho Fruit Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society, and is a perfectly unbiassed expression of an iBnglishman's opinion. The second is a communication addressed to me by Messrs. lAlcx- McD. Allan and P. C. Dempsoy, >po in fruits, im- IdispolUng preju- Indor a compara- ifinite variety of )nvinced all who lur snmmers anil Lb fiuin Bnglish led to travel over (ngements for tho REPORT ON CANADIAN FRUITS EXHIBITED AT THE OOLONIAL AND INDIAN t XHIBITION. , 20th October, 1886. A special mooting of membera of the Fruit Committee of the Koyal Horticultural Society was hold this day in the Colonial and Indian Exhibition — P. P. Rivers, Esq., in tho chair— to intipooi the uolleotion of hardy fruits exhibited by the Canadian tres of England, ^mmibbion. • Ml Chester a L These comprised extensive collections of apples, pears, graoes, &o , from the in aian ^ l^rovinces of Ontario, Briiish Columbia, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswit k, &o. other provincial | Apples c>c)n8titiito(l the most prominent and important feature, and proved of indeed like Ipmoh interest to the committee, many of the examples shown being of large size, 1^ ' . L-QQ liid extremely handsome in appearance, the high coloration of many being specially 22 h. : , n in ! i I f I'' \ 1 11 J I Si t:i ii: i ■ m. remarkable and noteworthy, greatly excelling in this respect the same varieties grown in this country. The following varieties of apples were specially noted, as possessing fine appear* ance, viz : — Beauty of Kent. Blenheim Orange. Ben Davis. Boston EuBsett. Blue Pearraain, good. Bourassa Russet (Scarlet Russet). Baldwin, large ; good. Cayagu, red streak. Calvert. Canada Red. Hyslop Crab, very beautiful. Jonathan, small; bright; good; late. Johnston Red, small. King of Tonikins County, very large and beautiful. King of the Pippins. Maun, late green. Maiden's Blush, very handsome. Mammoth Pippin. Northern Spy. Ribston Pippin. Clyde Beauty, large. Emperor Alexander, extremely hand- Republican. some. Snow or Fameuse, excellent. Fillbasket. St. Lawrence. Fallwater. Seek No Further. Flushing Spitzemburg. Swiisie Pomme Grise. Foundling, excellent quality ; hand-Trenton, very handsome and good. some. Twenty Ounce. Guile Noire, dark. Vandivere, peculiarly spotted. Gravonstein, good. Wealthy, fine quality ; good color. Gloria Mnndi, very large. Wagener. Hamilton's Beauty^ Wellington. Hawker Pippin. Yellow Bellefleor, fine quality. Cox's Orange Pippin was remarked as being greatly inferior to those of English growth, both in appearance and quality. The collection of pears did not present such an attractive appearance. Some very fine examples were, however, shown of the following varieties :— Beurrd Olairgeau. Beurr6 Hardy. Beurre d'Anjou. Duchesse d'Angouleme. Flemish Beauty. Louise BoDDO of Jersey. Marie Louise. Moul Verva. Onondaga. Vicar of Wakefield, White Doyeuve, extremely rich. Grapes made a conspicuous display, but of these, as dessert fruit, no opinion could be expressed, the peculiar foxy taste and gelatinous flesh belonging to the grapes of America requiring some experience to discriminate. Some of Roger's new seedlings were remarked as both large and handsome. The following new seedling fruits submitted to the committee were considered worthy : — (1.) Apple — Trenton, seedling from Golden Russet, raised by P. C. Dompsey, Ontario ; fruit, medium size, round, bright red, flesh tender, sweet and extremely pleasant, somewhat resembles the Snow Apple. (2.) Apple— seedling from Mr. G. B. Fitzgerald, London, Ontario; fruit medium size, highly colored, fine tender flesh. (3.) Apple— seedling from Mr. W. Scott, Lambeth, Ontario ; greatly resembles " Duchess of Oldenbnrgh." (4.) Seedling Pear (Dempsey) raised by Mr. Dempsey, Trenton, Ontario, from Williams' Bon Chretien and Duchesse d'Angouleme; fruit large, resembling Duchesse d'Angouldme, fle^ih melting, sweet and pleasant. (hA SflArilino' G-rAnn. KmArftlii. fmnn PrnfAonnr W. .^AnnHAro. Tinndnn Dnfnrin was considered the best of the Canadian sorts exhibited. ame varietioB g fine appear- )od; late, ery large and ome. it. 23 The following resolation was unanimously passed by the committee : — Having inspected the extensive and attractive exhibition of hardy fruits com- prising apples, pears, grapes, &c., from the several fruit growing provinces of the Dominion of Canada, the committee desire to express the great gratification they derived from the opportunity of seeing the fine growth and high color of the majority of the specimens. Many varieties were tasted and found exceilent, more especially the tender fleshed apples. In comparing some well known varieties that have long been in cultivation in Great Britain, the Cansdian apples are found to diflfer in that rich flavor which is peculiar to some of the British apples. The committee are aware that some samples of fruit were gathered before maturity, in order to be presented at this Exhibition. A. T. BARROW, Secretary to the Fruit Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society, nd good. :.ted. od color. lality. 1 those of Bnglish pearance. Some y rich. fruit, no opinion belonging to the le of Roger's new were considered P. 0. Dompsey, )t and extremely fio; fruit medium ?reatly resembles L, Ontario, from embling Daohesse lliondon, OntariOi London, Eng., I3th November, 1886. The Honorable Sir Chahlks Tuppbb, G.O.M.G,, C.B., High Oommissioner for Canada in London. HoNORABLB AND DsAB SiB, — Before leaving tor Canada we feel it a pleasant duty to report to you upon some points connected with the work in the fruit depart- ment not heretofore rel^rred to particolarly. It is well known in our country that one of the chief points upon which almost all foreigners require educating regarding Canada is that of climate. In Britain we have found that very few appreciated or considered the extent of territory contained within the limits of our Dominion, but that as a rule they measured our country by the measurement of their own, and hence have never allowed for a variation of climate. Then again, more is known of the older parts of Canada, especially the Province of Quebec ; and it has been most generally taken for granted that the severe climate of north-eastern Quebec was a fair sample of that of Canada, in correcting these views, we have invariably given the people a statement showing the area covered by the Dominion, the number of provinces and extent of each, the products of each, and the time it takes to travel by an express train from ocean to ocean at a given rate of speed. After this, pointing to our fruit and vegetable tables, we had an argument that no sensible mortal man, woman, or child could resist. We cannot express in two strong terms of praise and gratitude the feelings that should possess every true Canadian towards our Government for having laid so clearly before Britain and the world such unanswerable evidence. Nothing that could be suggested by our Fruit Growers' Associations as necessary or useful in making our display complete, was withheld by the Government, but on the contrary everything has been done promptly and cheerfully that the combined wisdom of euch associations, as well as horticultural authorities, could suggest. Nor would we feel that we had properly terminated our duties at the Colonial Exhibition, with* out expressing our debt of gratitude to yourself, and the hope that our country may feel equally indebted for that judgment, energy and tact, with which you so saccess- .f\illy conducted and directed the affairs of Canada at the Exhibition, as to make her exhibit in every department the most practical and useful, and altogether the back- bone of the entire exhibition. We have felt interested to fiud that it will pay our fruit growers and shippers pack choice apples in bushel boxes, each specimen wound in tissue paper. This las been abundantly proved by the shipments made by our Glovernme >t of early M ,i; 24 .n (! ; ! I' 3i mac roa well as late fall kinds, the prices realized being aotaally better than choice winter varities have sold at per barrel. Bat only choice samples can be saccessfally shipped in this way. Nor need the Canadian growers desire to ship any other, for the demand for seconds and thirds for the manufucture of clarified cider will be sach that they will be more valaable for that purpose, as well as for evaporating, than for export. You will feel interested to know that Canadian apples are recognized now on the markets of London, Liverpool, and Grlasgow, the three great distributing points for Britain, as quite distinct and superior to American apples, and also that even in a full market they sell for good prices averaging about two shillings per barrel more than American. Such is the impetus given by the exhibition, that we find fruit brokers who heretofore never purchased outright a barrel of frait, but only sold on commission for the shippers, are now making arrangements to purchase for cash next season all the first quality Canadii.n apples that they can secure. Indeed several have to our knowledge purchased this season, and are still anxious to secure such fruit by cable order from such parties as they can rely upon for good samples. It will be gratify- ing to know also that this year was not the " bearing " year for our apples and that specimens were not up to that state of perfection we generally have, and besides that all our late kinds were picked from a month to a month and a-half before maturity and yet our display was universally acknowledged to be the finest and largest ever seen either in tnis or any other European country. It is also most gratifying to feel that we have not overpainted our piocuve, either in fruits or vegetables, but on the contrary everything shown was produvju by the moat ordinary field culture, and anyone visiting our country and seeing thoc. - products in their more perfect state as regards season, will see and appreciato tue fact that our statements as to fruits and vegetables here are well within the mark. If cultivators in Canada expended as much in manure and labor upon the soil as do oultivators in this country, our exhibits would have been very much larger in samples, and this point was strongly dwelt upon by tenant farmers in conversation with us. If such a display of our products should be required another season we would like to see samples of roots, vegetables and fruits specially grown in order to fully exemplify this point. The display of fruits we selected from the tables here, to show at the Industrial Exhibition in Glasgow, is much larger and finer than that which we had at Edinburgh, IN0 plac and as the Industrial is the most important yet held in Scotlard, we believe this dis- bgg play will be productive of much good for Canada. And these samples being nearly ^ all of late keeping varieties, they will show well for two months at least. We dis- ^ ^^^ tributed the best samples of roots and vegetables aotong butchers and shopkeepers wjiich who have undertaken to keep them upon exhibition in their windows as long as they -*^^ last. We thought it better to send them mostly to good towns in the best farming ^' districts. These with the large placards, *' Canada, grown in open air by ordinary '^h a field culture," will form a number of important exhibits for the next month at least, a^^.-- Trusting that our efforts may meet the approval of yourself and our Government, wo have the honor to be, **y *nd Tours faithfully, »t«nce8 ALEX MoD. ALLEN. ''<«>ofn ■trong( «nd jad •Hd, r, an< res o P. C. DBMPSEY. Owi ag* of Early in September the magnificent exhibit of the Ontario Beekeeper's AssociaJi* Canac tion arrived, and wap at once installed in a spacious building in the South Promoiew Bru nade, erected for the purpose, where the honey attracted great attention and foundatadatioi rapid sale. The exhibit included honey in all forms, made np in packages to suia«de by 25 boice winter fully shipped r the demand aoh that they for export, id now on the ing points for Lhat even in a it barrel more brokers who on commisBion next eeaeon all il have to our fruit by cable mW be gratify- ipples and that and besides that before maturity and largest ever ar pi -ta.«, either produ .ou by the sffthot. products >tuo fact that our I, ,r upon the soil as 7 much larger in 8 in conversation Qother season we purchasers, and preserved so as to resist all efiPects of time and transport. It was placed under the personal supervision of a delegation, consisting of Messrs. R. Mc- Knight, G. Corneill, D. A. Jones, and S. T. Pettlt. Some forty tons of honey were exhibited, supplied by twenty or thirty beekeepers. Bequests were immediately made by four English houses for permission to take the entire exhibit at wholesale prices. This offer the delegates wisoly deolitod, not wishing to allow present gain [to interfere with the more distant, but more far reaching, benefits, wh ich they moped to derive from the exhibit, and trusting to distribute the honey among the ipublio. The honey proved to be both whiter and clearer than English hoaey, and Bome of the flavors were quite new to the English taste. The prices quoted also jromised a margin. The loreign honeys we have to compete with in the English larket are those of Chili and C&lifornia, which are dearer than our own, and not }{ high repute. The only question is that ot a regular supply from Canada, and 'ibis should present no difficulty. Before quitting the subject of agriculture, I should mention the samples of the ioils of the North- West, which stood in glass tubes on a tasteful stand near the Igrioultural trophy. These were examined with much interest, and quite explained l^at puzzle to the European farmer, the capacity of our soils for growing rich crops, Hear after year, without manure. FOREST PaODUOTS. grown in order to The greater the attention attracted to the exhibits of our forest wealth, the ito'ooger must be the conviction of the necessity for everything that scientific care ind judicious legislation can do, to enable us to hand down to our children this great ♦ • 1 *^' ^ ™*y ^^^' gratuitous source of so much of our prosperity. In the forests whicb K*d at Edinburgh, ^ planted not, we reap whore we have not sown, and we have therefore been heed- I believe this dis- |hb and ungrateful in our treatment of them, until, in the diminished size of pies °®^"SJ^® ,.J|_ tl|e timber coming down the rivers of the older provinces, and in the distance from and shopkeepers idhich it mutt be obtained, we perceive the magnitude of our mistake. In theearlier |w8 as long as they gtiges of our history it was quite natural that the settler, finding himself face to face the bes .^^^^^.y trtlh a stubborn forest wilderness, whose rioLes were sealed to him by the circum- xt month at least. stiDces of his time, should look upon trees as natural enemies, to be got rid of by ,d our Governmen i^^^ ^nd every means. This feeling has, unhappily, been suffered to survive the circum- stances under which it arose, and we may well stand aghast at the waste and destruc- bioti of nature's primal bounty, which continues until the present day. loD. ALLEN Impsby. Owing to various causes, our wood exhibits were unavoidably denied the advan- tage of that imposing collective grouping which proved so effective in the case of keener's Associa-ihe Canadian exhibits in general, although to this rule the beautiful wood trophy of Ith South Prome^ew Brunswick affoided a happy exception, attracting a degree of notice and com- Itt tion and fouwiaeildation which proved how much it is to be regretted that a similar effort was not res to suituule by our other provinces, or, indeed, by the Dominion. Nothing could be more w 2d i!,i !! ;j.; IhT " ii'i.'^ » i; i3! i as in iaf hapily conceived nor more artistically carried out The base was compoeed of sec- tioDO of trunks of trees standing perpendicularly. These were surmounted by pcliehed slabs of ornamental woods, each in a frame of the same wood in the bark, and on each slab the foliage, flower and fruit of the tree were beautifully painted. These pretty slabs, which were disposed in a slanting position, were in turn sur- mounted by a vertical row of slabs of the more essentially useful woods, also bearing well executed representations of their foliage. The whole structure was some twenty- five feet long and about ten feet in height, and, standing in an excellent position in the Central Gallery, next to the fine exhibit of Douglas pine of the Hastings Saw- mills Company, was at once seen by the visitor entering the gallery by the Central Avenue. The very grateful thanks of all interested in the credit of the Dominion are due to Messrs. J. & J. D. Howe, of St. Johns, N.B., to whom we are indebted for this clever conception. The quality of our woods speedily attracted the attention of sciontifio men, among whom I may mention Mr. Baker, Chief Botanist, and Mr. Morris, Assistant Director, of £ew Gardens, the great botanical paradise of England. These gentle men, at an early period of the Exhibition, consulted Professor Macoun as to the extension of their collection of Canadian trees and flora in general. Subsequently the attention of Dr. Brantis, the originator of forest conservation in India, who has had Ittrac charge of the Indian forests for the last twenty-eight years, was attracted to the ^^j.^ economic value of our hard woods, especially to their power pf resisting exposure b fk j^q the sun. The value of many of the trees which we, in our ignorance, have wastec m^j^ ^ entirely or turned to base uses, was at once apparent to the scientist from India, whi ^ noted the excellence, for cabinet making purposes, of our black ash, black walnut M butternut and black birch. The case of the black walnut may be cited here as bein^ ^. especially illustrative of the want of foresight which has marked our treatment o W^ our forests. This beautiful wood once existed in great abundance in south-westeri ^ . Itpatin Ontario, but it was burned, and made into snake fences, until it grew very scarce ^L Now, as I read in an English journal (Engineeripg, July 2nd, 1886), the people aloni m "' Lake Brie are digging up tho old slumps of the trees they wasted thirty years ag( .*, and selling them to the cabinetmakers to be used for veneers. The old black waliUt^ O90n ve fences are also being taken down and made into costly furniture. Some farmers an IQriWl wh others are now planting black walnut trees, and the fine old stock still remainic. receives due appreciation. Still, in the case of other ornamental woods, althoug they exist in great abundance, there would appear to be danger, unless time ^' care be taken, that the waste may continue, and that another generation may be gB P to dig up the stumps of the birds'-eye and curly maples, the ash, cherry, beech, birc^*°''®^ elm and other trees, which we still so recklessly slash and burn. It appears certai^^ ^^^^ however, that among the many valuable lessons of tho Exhibition, we may ha*'?'^''''^'* learned tho value of oar woods, which is so plain to others if not to ourselvt'^ gora English manufacturers of articles into which wood enters, have enquired extensive^*®^^ 21 imposed of sec- Burmoniited by K)d in the bark, lutifaUy painted, ere in turn sur- ,od8, also bearing was some twenty- sellent position in le Hastings Saw- y by the Central it of the Dominion a we are indebted ^ of soiontifio men, . Morris, Assistant ind. These gentle Jlacoun as to the d. Subsequently the as to the Bupplies we can furnish. Mr. Hooper, Master of the Coaobmakers' Guild in London, accompanied me to Canada in August, for the purpose of obtaining information on this subject, and 1 could mention several large English firms who will now look to Canada for their supplies of hard woods. I have not thought il necoHsary to allu o at length to our groat staple timbers used te house and ship building. Lumber in all its forms was well represented in the exhibits of Messrs. J. Burstall & Co., of Quebec ; Messrs. Perley & Pattee, of Ottawa ; the Eoyal City Planing Mills, of New Westminster, B.C., and the Hastings awmill Company, of Granville, B.C. These exhibits were well placed and received heir share of attention, but this class of Canadian produce is too well established in he markets of the world to require further mention. I must, however, speak of the ttention attracted by the Douglas pine. At a meeting held at Chelsea on the 8th October, at the works of Messrs. A. Ransome & Co., Mr. Bansome stated that the JDouglas fir would answer all the purposes of the white pine, and is especially apted for engineers' models. Professor Macoun is of opinion that this magni- ,cent tree may take the place of the white pine should the latter become exhausted. very fine exhibit of the Douglas pine was made by Mr. Heatley on behalf of the Hastings Sawmill Company, in the form of a porch, which, standing in the very ^^ ^ iddle of the Central Gallery, at the point of its entrance by the Central Avenue, India, who has had ptracted all eyes by the size and beauty of its polished planks. Sections of this tree ffas attracted to th( |^ere placed at advantageous points, the largest being a monstrous slab some 12 feet esisting exposure U jpi length by over 8 feet in width, out from a tree 300 feet high and 26 feet in girth. >rance, have wastec gj^ig goe specimen was exhibited by Messrs. Croit & Angus, of Ghemainus, B.C. itist from India.w i ^^ rpj^^ forestry section was placed under the charge of Professor John Maooun, ash, black walnu ||)taiii8t to the Geological and Natural History Survey, the great value of whose cited here as beinf j|gjgtan(5e i jjjj^g much pleasure in acknowledging. His scientific researches over ed our treatmen |||^ whole Dominion not only constitute him a high authority on all questions ce in south-westeri |^a|^jj,gtQ the capabilities of her soil and to her climatic conditions, but have inspired it grew very scarce ^j^ ^.^j^ ^ fervent belief in her future, which enables him to bring home his views |6), the people alor: ||^^ ^^^ ^^^^^ ^P honest conviction to all who hear him. He has been in constant d thirty years ag( ^^munication with many of the leading scientific men of England, and has also he old black walnu |j|^^ ^^^^ active in spreading a knowledge of the value of our forest resources among Some farmers an ^^ whose business will lead them to be our customers for their raw material. He ock still remainiEijii j^jg^ j^g^ jj^Ppp^j.^^ijjjy ^^^^j.^.^^^jjg erroneous impressions with regard to his tal woods, althong^^^j.^^ nger, «n e ^p ^^ ^j^^ present time, 94j per cent, of our exports of wood and wood manu- ineration my gjMjInres has consisted of rough products, and for many years to come, square timber cherry, oe > ^^ sawn lumber must constitute the bulk of these exports. But the manufacturing It appea M||>ition of Canada, which has manifested itself so signally in directions apparently Ibition, we y |^ germain to her natural position and endowments, will now be more than ever . i^ °*** ^'^"'^"^.'Weoted to her forest resources. "" ......... enquired extensive The census of 1881 gave a list of thirty-four of the I l! .1 :^'i cbiei Oanadian induBtries using wood as their raw material. The products of sev- eral of tbefie are already known in England, and those of othera have been intro- duced by the exhibition. Of those I shall speak in dae course. While noticing the rougher classes of wood manufactures, I may state that a large business might be done in England in wood pulp. The present supply is obtained from Norway, and is necesarily limited, thoogh it is truly wonderful what that old and little coun- try accomplishes in forest culture and trade. It will be well if Canada, notwith- standing her comparative youth and her vast area, will take a lesson botimes from Norway and Germany in the management and the preservation of her forests. The Master of the Goaohmaker's Guild of London, whom I have already mentioned as having proceeded to Canada in quest of information as to the supply of hard woods, has returned to England, and in his report upon the results of his journey, he makes many very valuable suggestions as to the necessity of cultivation, in order- to obtain woods of the highest class, which Canadians would do well to note. Mr. Hooper points out that forest trees are no less susceptible of improvement by culti- vation than fruit, vegetables and flowers, and he states that owing to a want of pro- per forestry, the hardwoods which he found in Canada are by no means so valuable as they might become by scientific care. ANIHA.LS AND THEIR PRODUOTS. The exhibits representing the Animal Kingdom as existing in Canada embrace only the wild animals and birds and their products. It was very much desired that the horses, cattle, sheep and other domestic animals of the Dominion, which have auoh a deservedly high repute, should have taken their proper place among the other illustrations of our country's resources. But no adC'^uate provision could be made for them in the grounds or buildings at South Kensington, and it was thought that any results likely to accrue from an exhibition of live stock apart from the great centre of attraction, would not justify the very heavy expenditure necessary to ensure a satisfactory showing ; and our domestic animals have so thoroughly won their way in England that, in a commercial point of view, their exhibition is not so necessary as that of reijources less familiar to the English people. Animals and their products already head the lists of our exports, the value shipped last year hav- ing been $26,503,994. Our wild animal wealth, however, deserves much more attention than it has hitherto received. There are, in nearly every province of the Domioion, regions more or less extensive, which will never repay the toil of the husbandman, nor afford any room for the arts of civilized life. That these regions are not therefore useless, is proved by the single fact that the wealth of such a corporation as the Hudson Bay Company was, until quite lately, wholly derived from the labors of the hunter and trapper. We have, in our extensive districts available for no other purpose, a source of revenue which, like the resources of our forest and fisheries, are worthy of soienti' : It i |if>ndon "Ift be n ^eian tUlfm isECisr^iSKT^' 29 xiuctB of sev- ve been intro- VhUo noticing usiness might from Norway, ^nd little coun- inada, notwith- I botimes from of her forests. >ady mentioned supply of hard ' his journey, he ation, in order- )11 to note. Mr. ement by culti- ( a want of pro- eans so valuable i Canada embrace nuch desired that nion, which have among the other could be made as thought that from the great are necessary to thoroughly won hibition is not po lie.' Animals and ed last year hav- fie and legislative care, and which, like them, will depart from us unless this of Mr. Philip S. Veale, nlcady ho well known by his valuable seryices at tho oxhibi- jdon of 1883. The specimens, embracing all varieties of fresh an^ It-water fi.sh of le Dominion which arc known to sport or commorco, were woU placed for observa- lon, and received the attention to which they were so fully entitled. Tho viiriety id fine quality of our game rtsh produced an otfoot analogous to that of Mr. Hub- M'd's game trophy, and will certainly very much increase tho interest of English portrtmen in Canadian streams. That exhibitions of this kind can hardly bo too il>ng kept open or too often repeated, is evident from the fact that the fishery section lost nothing in interest from its contents having been hero three years ago. Nor wore its visitors confined to tho curious, or to gentlemen interested in sport. The «{tcellonce of the food fishes and the abundance of tho supply excited renewed atten- t|pn and eager enquiry, and the benefits secured in 1883 received a great addition l| 1886. ' The United States have hitherto been our best customers for fresh and pickled flih, and their proximity will probably ensure their remaining so. But the steps i|^ch have lately been so suecossfully taken by Canadian shippers of food products, jese, QIC , p iilfcon junction with the Government, in the direction of affording cool storage to them to a g g^» in transit, may lead to the addition of fresh fish to the articles already supplied jived ; wm l^^'the markets of fiuropo. It has, during the last four or five years, been found ays glad ^ ®* p(||oticable to ship thousands of tons of meat to England from Australia, in dry air than we gen > ooj^partments kept at a low temperature by means of a refrigerating engine. A twdperature of from 40° to 100° below zero can be maintained in this manner, so thl^ fresh fish might be delivei-od in England in perfectly good order ; and the high J BO famous that itpn|es ruling in some of the leading kinds should leave a large margin for profit. Of attention to them.^ippcanned lobsters Great Britain already lakes more than all the rest of the world, before the world ; UM|tho excellence of many of the exhibits attracted further attention to them, which Their foremost >je||nded to fish otherwise preserved, in which an increased trade may bo looked for. on of 1883. At the; tfju. informed by Mr. W. D. Dimock, whose services* I have much pleasure in Ihat Exhibition, tlw okuowledging, that tho canned salmon of British Columbia and the lobsters of the markablo, and theftttftime Provinces can always be had in the English market, but that the exhibits of opinion in thefts year have had a great effect in popularizing them with the masses, and must ,nada'8 natural prki-ieiiforo load' to a greatly increased trade. The lobsters from Nova Scotia found nhioal position, thejady sale, and the demand for next year's production has shown a marked increase and the unrivalleJrer that cf former years. Mr. Bi mock states that if lobsters can be delivered in oroughly perceivedoiMion at 23 shillings per case, tho demand will be almost unlimited, and that of the sea," and byraagements are completed between large buyers in London and some of the leading nnon this great an(itol|li)g houses of Nova Scotia to take the entire output of 1887. Tinned clams )m British Columbia may also find their way, and will be quite a new feature even t'allv the sam^^Mift ^he enormous variety of good things consumed in London. All the canned well displayed alon^ | 51' a a b b fo in dii 801 801 era 32 t;oo»o "l'™^'" . „„,j „f „„torpri.e. j^^„y. „anui«,t«rcr looking u ou lo a n ^^^^^^.^^^ ^^, ,,,^ , a ,». T ^__^^_^ A. novel ori.ibil, which •'";''"' ;„ „jiuion to thcr coal """^ ' ,„,„ e„.l. ,.U S CO., of -Nor.., ^yf-^-^\^ „ patent taO n,ado '""» J^^"'; * ,i„a ^'""'"l;r°ana t c m-turo ««l'r\-:l, o.locon.otivo,. ^ «™ «< „ah l>.tcl>. ana _^ ^„^ part.calar y lo. j^^,^hib«ld, and -'''^::^<^^^' -° '"' ^zr tt::— o^ t. .«. ««• r::.;iS r^ova .cotl. _._^^„, „,, , , in.po-c» -^^a Natarally foUow.ns »«»;»',,„,„ ,„ong nation,, the ron o. ^^ r ::;:;rr;:rti:» >-»- r rr oror:. .anuti. . t. wor. '"^'° .'°°' :: lU. "> the d„vcl„,u.o„t of tho -at y ^- - ^,.,,, ,,, „,„ap «. Dominion, but hiu^ , ,a,al)io raanufaoUire. C )mpouu .,^0^0 fan ^-?' n:r:' :r:::-t^ --- "' rr:.X"iron ... tbo choap labot , an 1 x ^^^^^^^ ^,th thou n .,rotootivc .„, ,„c„ wo v-«;';-;^;'*:l„and of capita,, and t»- « » ""^^i. ,,„ ., their tccoing VOP'^ <> >° ,„g„„a, „„ need not w,«d „ hat ^_^^ ^^^^, r;:;::e:tC;:::.o---:--:r^^^^^^^^^^^ wo romo.. • ^O^^oroCatnd that t.y^^^^^ home .ar.t a.iti. ^,.,.+;nn. WO may loriu »" homo p.u-t..— -, manuiacturuB. the developmeat of our own ii i t I o P q '. cl * S( 01 til ri( ii- in do tL< . tit ,', am ;* *"ic t col ^>Col ;';; eas^ ■ Buf! moi tion (ho ftiit, tionc Mng 36 ■I'!" ■>. san capital, ger bo Mf- jOplO' ,rt,itftppo»" roat Briuln I $i,;jl2.'J43. lay, wo may o{ coarso be ibibitlon ^^ , very ft^^***- 'soiUor going •otiB.andtothe on, tho Gowrlo ,hoir slack coal. ,ck bolng mixed Q brlquotlos are ^^ Avos. \timof ;. L A..-«blbald, and 3 of the faol vriU tanoo a. a prlmo ,0 iron oC Canada \,, woro Heat to «ucb aH y-'o^^ ^^^ ,,yprovmcoofth ,dvan«.d to such ,ah the oboap fad been possible so fav, ..oal aud irou mine. that Canada has «1 -d «tool and tbc wboa wo fomombe at P-^eut to BO. .and bo suppUod t ,^e market a^alU« So far, our magnificent dupoHitH may bo Haid to httvo lain idlo. For many yoaro quan* titioHuf ore greatororlesH have boon shipped to tho United Slatort, but to an oxlont only vrhicii muHt appear inaignitluaittvuuKidoringtho iinlimitod nature of tho Hupply. The only exhibits of manufactured iron thin year were of the Steol Company of Canada, Londonderry, N.S., and thoHO from Tozada iKland, B.C. The lattor attracted tho atten> tionof I ipitaliBtri, wlio havoHtatud thoir intention ot OHtubliMhin^'rHmolting workHonthe iuland at ''■ '.iost of somo $3,li()0,0,()lO, a:id in the laiter to about $rjO,000,UOO. Beside these obali-ks tojd a largo glass case containing specimens of rich gold quartz, luiggots and alliiviU gold, tVom various provinces, belonging to the collection sent by tho (Jeoljui.ial Survey. Tiio gold und silver oio;^ from British Columbia woro much notice.!, and now that tlio intorioi' of tho proviaca is rondored easy of .'iccoss by the Cinadian I'aciiio Railway, many mines which have not been Bufficiontly rich to overcome tho di.- advantages of rcmotonoss and want of siiiontifio inothods, will now come into play and bo male proiitable. Tho Sheffield Smelting Comjiauy, an old firm engaged in metallurgical opera'. lUons, and requiring rofuso gold and bilvor i'jr its parposcs, mido jonquiry as to fhe chaocos of obtaining such material fcora tho minoi of Nova Scotia; and Mr. J. Wycliffe Wilson, a member of the company, proioedod to ^Halifax to make fuithcr enquiries as to tho " tailings " fiom iho gold mines. These tailings will be Concentrated in Nova Scotia to a certain degree of richness, and then shipped to Jingland for further treatment. The company have made assays of tho tailings, and sllave satisfied thomse.vcs that they will pay for treatment.. |The silver ores of Lake i:: 4? I! 36 I :; Superior were illustrated principally by the specimens in the collection of Mr. T. A. Keefer, of Port Arthur, which was also completely representative of the riches of the ehores of Lake Superior, including, besides the rich silver ores, gold, copper, zinc and very beautiful agates and amethysts. The Port Arthur district, as the country developee, must become one of the most important mining districts of the Dominion. Mining on Lake Superior was long marked by want of enterprize, capital and skill. With the improved state of feeling towards the Colonies resulting from the Exhibi- tion, the fresh evidence it has afforded of their great mineral wealth, and the facilities aflforded by the Canadian Pacifio Railway, wo may hope for efforts strc jger and better directed than those which have left so many deserted mining locations along the Canadian shore of Lake Superior. The beautiful exhibit of plumbago and its raantifactures, furnished by the Dominion of Canada Plumbago Company, formed a very conspicuous feature of the mineral court, standing as it did between the gold obelisks of N ova Scotia and British Columbia. It attracted great attention, and several consumers from various parts of England were placed in communication with the exhibitors, and intend, if suitable arrangements can be made, to import and use it extensively. Inquiries concerning mica were made by a firm in Germany, where this mineral is now in great demand in the construction of stoves on the American pattern, whicl have come very extensively into use in that country. Mr. C. LeNcve Foster, Her Majesty's Inspector of Mines for North Wales, and who has under his supervision many of the celebrated Welsh slate quarries, states that the slates exhibited by the New Rockland Slate Company of Montreal, although they do not split so smoothly as the Welsh slates, are fully equal to the best of the latter when planed or otherwise worked. The slabs are very large, and the slate is free from iron pyrites, which is often present in the Welsh slates, and, by its decom. position, stains them with spots of rust. Like many other gentlemen interested in slates, Mr. Foster spoke in terras of admiration of the manner in which the wash- tubs &c., sent by this company, wore pat together. The exhibits of phosphate of lime were such as tu excite astonishment, and to induce much enquiry on the part of practical men. One crystal, sent by Mr. Wm. Allan, of Ottawa, was of such exceptional size and perfection that the authorities of the British Museum offered £iO for it as a specimen. Groat Britain has for many years taken all Iho output of the Canadian mines, and we may now hope that this may be largely increased by the furcher application of British capital. The beautifai exhibits of asbestos and its applications, by the Anglo-Canadian Asbestos Company and Messrs. Irwin, Hopper & Co., of Montreal, were the subject of mach attention and inquiry. The specimens of oxide of manganese shown also induced inquiry and demand. Our fine granites attracted the notice of the proprietors of Glynn's monumental works at Kensal Green. Mossrs, Hard & Boborts, of Hamil* Veai wad «tL.i Ophoil anwl inittol )^ 37 :r ,f Mr. T. A. riches of copper, zi^c the country le Dominion, tal and skill* t theExhibi- iUh, and the :orl*. strcjger king locations nshed by the feature of the ova Scotia and rs from various exhibitors, and xtensively. lere this mineral n pattern, whici f^orth Wales, and qaarricB, states ontrcal, although to the host of the e, and the slate is ,nd,byitsdecom. men interested in which the wash- onishmont, and to ,cnt by Mr. Wm. ; the authorities of ain has for many now hope that this ital. Jie Anglo-Canadian [were the subject of 1 shown also induced If the proprietors of ■joborts, of Hamil- ton, Ont., disposed of a handsome marble monument through their London agent. The molybdenite exhibited secured the attention of Dr. Theodor Sphucbardt, of Goorlitz, Germany, who ofifercd to take from 3,000 to 4,000 kilogrammes next year. The Government of Nova Scotia despatched a collection of minerals fully repre* sentative of the Province, partly its own property and partly lent by private individ- uals. This collection sustained and extended the high celebrity of the Province for mineral wealth. The coal and gold quartz were particularly noticeable, and besides these, there were iron ores in great variety, copper, manganese, gypsum, barytes, marbles, mica. Many collections belonging to private individuals were also included. Although not of mineral origin, pearls may properly be mentioned here. The exhibit of Mr. Seifert of Quebec, proved that the oyster of the eastern seas is not the only source of these beautiful gems, and that the fresh water mussels of the streams of Quebec yield treasures scarcely less precious. The pearls exhibited by Mr. Seifert are taken from the Unio margarUeferoui,'yihi(ih is found in nearly all the small streams of Qaebeo, especially in the country traversed by the Quebec and Lake St. John Bailway. Many offers were received from parties desiring to purchase this collection, which contained specimens weighing from seventy grains downward. The manner in wcich the mineral collections were arranged reflects the greatest credit on Dr. Selwyn and his statf. The presence ofa scientific and expe^ijnoed hand was evident in every detail. The position of the mineral court could not have been more advantageous. It occupied the western end of the Central Gallery, which the visitor reached by ascending a few steps, finding himself in a spacious square, in which the gold obelisks, the tine cases of gold quartz and nuggets, the beautiful mar- bles, and the endless array of interesting Bpecimons, at once invited inspection, and, by their skilful disposal, imparted the fullest information. Every effort was made by the geological staff to spread the knowledge of our treasures, by moans of exhaustive reports tot-uiih publications as the Times, Engineer- ing, Globe, and Mechanical World. They were also indefatigable in their attendance and in their attention to the inquiries of visitors. A sample of the load ore from tlio raiao of ilr. Edward Wright, of Hull, situated ML^ko Tomiscaraingno, was sent for a'^say to Mr. Eichard Stiiiih of the Eoyal Siibool of Minos, London j and the following report upon it was addressed to Dr. Wwyn : London, 22nd November, f^SS. Dear Sir, — The spocimon of argontiforous load ore trom Canada has beou sub- Q^tod to examination, according to instructions, with the following results: — N Lead (metallic) by dry assay, 52.0 per cent. ' Silver 13 oz , Udwts., 10 grs. per ton of ore of 2,240 lbs., or 26 oz. 7 dwts., 21 Knh per ton of lead of 2,240 lbs. Yours faithfully, RICHARD SMITH. Of the Royal School of Mines. i li 88 This mine is connected with the Canadian Pacific Railway by water and tram- way carriage, and mast Boon prove a valuable feeder to the railway, and a means of advancing the settlement of the district. A sample of copper ore from the Sudbury mine on the Canadian Pacific Railway, ■was submitted for assay to Mr. Smith, who reported upon it to Dr. Selwyn as follows:— London, 22nd November, 1886. Dear Sib,— A fair average sample of the lump of copper ore weighing 21 lbs. from Canada, has been submitted to examination according to instructions, and found to contain of Copper (metallic) by wet assay 16-55 per cent. It also contains a sensible proportion of nickel. Yours faithfully, (Signed) RICHARD SMITH, Boyal School of Mines. This and other discoveries along that portion of the Canadian Pacific Railway which has so far been the least favorably regarded, would give assurance that, when exploration is more general, the mineral wealth of this region alone will justify the construction of the road, leaving out of bight all considerations as to its general necessity to the country. MANUFACTURES AND INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRIZE. I have now reached a department in which Canada has, even to an extent greater than in those I have already noticed, surprized all thoughtful pere.ons visiting the Exhibition. The manufactures displayed in the Canadian section proved an un- expected revelation, oven to persons who had considered themselves well informed as to the progress of the Dominion, and showed how far she has advanced toward the poeilion of a self contained and self-sufficing nation, '^o fur as any nation can be so. Although she must, for some time to come, look to older countries for many classes of manufactures, the Exhibition has proved that these are diminishing with over- increasing speed. But while Canada is rapidly developing an ability to supply hor own needs, the manufacturing supremacy of England is too well established, and is due to too many causes, to permit of anything like general competition in her own markets. Canadian manufacturers who have visited tho factories of England this year will have seen enough to convince them of thic, and will no doubt have learned much that may bo of sorvica to them. There are, nevertheless, manj branches in which our special advantages have enabled ua to introduce our products to the markets of England, and to an extent far surpassing all our expecta tions. We may therefore be well plcatied with tho impression made by our splendi exhibits of manufactures, and the proof they afford of our ability to offer a grei ," 'f^'-^ ' it to I ftic 39 . and tram- a means of .iaoBaUway, p. Selwyn as ber, 1886. gbing 2t lbs. Sne, and found MITH, ^^ ohool of Mines. .^ Pacific BaUway m •ance that, ^hen | will jasUfy the ^ ^s to its general - 7cn to an extent [ul persons visiting tion proved an lin- es welHnf or med as ranced toward the ,y nation can be BO. 9 for many classes niBhing with ever- Wity to supply hor established, and is competition in her •aotories of England will no doubt have ^ nevertheless, manj 9 to introduce oui ,9ing all our expects ^ade by our .,.._ *^ offer a &'^^ diversity of employment to skilled artisans, and to supply our own needa to so great an extent. The woollens, cottons and prints were closely examined by manufac- turers visiting the Bxhibition, who were evidently bent on recovering some portion of their former trade with Canada, and who soaght information for their guidance as to the means of again invading the markets of which our home producers have taken possession. Our manufacturers may therefore be put on their mettle, and I intro- duce here for their benefit the remarks of Professor Beaumont, of the Yorkshire Technical Oollege, Leeds, upon the woollens exhibited in the Canadian court. After stating that " the goods, on the whole, are creditably made," the Professor makes some criticisms which our woollen manufacturers might note to their own advantage. « Many styles on exhibition at South Kensington provoke a smile, reminding us of old acquaintances long lost sight of. If some of the pattern books made in Yorkshire and Scotland some thirty years ago could be disentombed, and samples taken from them placed side by side with these Canadian exhib ts, a good copyist might exclaim — ' they are the same,' so near is the copy to the original. In fact, in travelling from cara to case, and making notes, we find, taking the styles as a whole, they are almost invariably reproductions of English and Scotch patterns. * * * Color and the associations of colors are in almost all classes of fancy woven goods the first features that invite the attention of the buyer, and if the colorings be incon- gruous in arrangement, or extravagant in effect, it is difficult to reconcile him to any other excellencies the fabric may possess. For instance, the goods may be fine in quality, substantially made, soft in handle, and well finished, but if the colors are not bright and harmouiously combined, these qualities alone will Hcarcely secure a sale. On the oihcr hand, should the nhades be good in themsolves, and attractively blended, the bujcr'rf attention will bo fixed on the characteristic of olor, while quality, softness and fineness of texture will become to some extent subordinate. Bespecting the goods made by the Canadian manufacturers, it will be difficult for us > to commend a largo number of those effects which arc principally duo to a combina- tion of shados, for many of these are extremely wild in character, and oui of harmony ■with the generally recognized canons of art coloring. There are, howovor, some commendable exceptions, among which may be mentioned what appear to be good imitations of Scotch heather mixtures, made by Wm. Thoburn, Almonte. The color- , ings in these goods arc beautifully arranged and well balanced, no single color being allowed to neutralize its neighbor, but each helping to form one harmouioas blond." Slhe Professor aho says : — " On a further examination of these productions, it will lie evident to all thoso who are in the habit of handling woollen goodi^, that many of ihe samples which have been madn from homo grown stock handle exlroraoly harsh^ and are in not a few instances disagreable to the touch. No doubt a number of the iiakers of these goods intend them to be imitations of the well-known and highly #teemed Scotch Cheviots, but as regards mellowness of handle and softness of touch, Ibey are as dissimilar aa possible. This condition of the cloths may be attributed to |l variety of causes, such as the character of the stook used in their production, tho uii-jr 40 lli'ii amount of twines in the yarns employed, and in the manner in which they have been finished." Tho sales effected in the various lines of manufactured goods cannot be arrived at, inasmuch as part'es inquiring for them were often placed in direct commnnica- tion with tho firms in Canada. I am, however, pleased to have so many to reoord which have como to my knowledge. In woollens, I may mention the Oxford Mano- factui ing Company of Nora Scotia, who received an order from a London tailoring houso for all the tweeds they can make for five years. These goods became very popular with military men stationed at Halifax, being found unrivalled for the rough wear of travel and sport. Parchases wore made from other exhibitors, among whom I may mention Mossr'i. Mills and Hutchinson, of Montreal, who disposed of their entire exhibit, and will probably form a permanent connection with England, and the Paton Manufacturing Company of Sherbrooke, Que. In cotton goods, our exhibits elicited niuch frank commendation from English manufacturers. Purchases were made from that of the Bundas Cotton Mills Company. The plain ducks of the Ontario Cotton Mills Company of Hamilton were inquired after by shipping houses, chiefly for tho South American and West Indian trade. Tho check goods, warps and yarns of Messrs. Wm. Parks & Son, of St. John, N.B., also received maoh iittention. The goods of the Magog Textile and Print Company foaod purchasers, and our prints in general received much praise from tho manner in which their colors resisted the effects of exposure. The underclothing for which Messrs. Cantlie, Ewan & Co., of Montreal, were the agents, that of the Penman Manufacturing Com- pany of Paris, Ont., and that of Mr. W. N. Fairall, of St. John, N.B., elicited much inquiry. Although we coald not hope to compete in the markets of England in those branchor) of manufactures in which she has long held tho championship of the world, our exhibitH in these lines fully established our preeminence among the colonies, and, as I have said, proved our ability to provide for oar own wante. The thanks of the Uuminioii arc thorefore duo to those companies and firms which, with little hope of direct ro.vard, have taiion so much pains, and incurred so much expense, to insure a full atid fair representation of their country's industries. And although their rewiu'il mtiy not always come in the direct form of orders for tho flnglish or other market:^, ihoy will certainly reap tho benefits which must follow from the succe-s of tho Exhibition, to which they have so materially contributed, in the devcl' prnont oi tho Dominion which they have helped to place so favorably before tho world. Tiioro were fii o exhibits ol cottons and woollens from a large number of companies and firms, representing all the older provinces of Canada. Those were :— Tho Canada Cotton Manufacturing Company of Cornwall, Ontario. The Charloltctown Wollen Company, Prince Edward Island. The Cobourg Wollen Company, Cobourg, Ontario. The Dundas Cotton Mills Company, Dundas, Ontario. A. G. Van Egmond & Sons, Seaforfh, OoUrio. Ilea wiul 4%h 41 3t be arrived communicar \y to record 3xford MLanu- don tailoring beoame very for the rough among wbom jpoaed ol their England, and U, oar exhibits 'arohasea were 1 ducks of the ,r by shipping 5 check goods, ) received much ind purchasers, hich their colors tto39ra. Cantlie, afaoturing Com- B., elicited much Ingland in those hip of the world, »ng the colonies, The thanks of , with little hope axponse, to insure nd although their English or other follow from the mtributod, in the favorably before a large number of a. Those were:— itaiio. Elliott & Co., Almonte, Ontario. Gault Brothers & Compsny, Montreal. The Magog Textile and Print Company, Montreal. The Merchant Manufacturing Company, Montreal. MilJB & Hutchison, Montreal. The Moncton Manufacturing Company, Moncton, N. B. The Montreal Cotton Company, Montreal. The Nova Sootia Cotton Manufaoturintj Company, Halifax. The Ontario Cotton MilU Company, Hamilton, Ontario. The Oxford Mannfaotnring Company, Oxford, ^. S. Wm. ParkB & Son, St. John. N. B, The Paton Man u fact a ring Company, Sherbrooko, Que. The Rosamond Woollen Company, Almonte, Ontario. The St. Hyaointho Manufacturing Company, St. Hyacinthe, Qae. Wm. Slingsby & Sons, Brantford Ontario. The Stormont Manufacturing Company, Cornwall, Ontario. Wm. Thoburn, Almonte, Ontario. The Trent Woollen Manufacturing Company, Campbellford, Ontario. The Yarmouth Duck and Yarn Company, Yarmouth, N. S. The Yarmouth Woollen Mill Company, Yarmouth, N. S. The St. Croix Cotton Mills, Milltown, N.B. In silks, the display was limited to the exhibits of Messrs. Bolding, Paul & Co., of Montreal, and the Corrivoau Silk Mills aluo of Montreal. These pretty exhibits were tiunoh admired, and formed a very attractive feature in the Central Gallery. Their presence was also one proof more of the advanced state of manufacturing industries [in the Dominion. In papers, fine exhibits were made by the Canada Paper Company of Montreal, and the Toronto Paper Company. Those exhibits wore of great importance in as pisting to show the perfection of our paper manufactures, and were very advaQ- igeously placed. I am not, however, in a position to state whether basiness 'esultdd from them. In all branches of manufactures wherein circumstances afforded any hope of oon- plection with England or other European countries, and in many in which no such 'llK>pe appeared, the Exhibilion Las proved successful boyond the most sanguine ez« jectations, in leading to tho extension of Canadian trade with En(;land and her played five instrumoots varying in size and finish. Tho exhibit of the Huntingdon Co. was all sold. The exhibits of pianos were no loss important. That of Messrs. Mason & Risch, of Toronto, comprised nine instruments of different styles, inclnding tho " Princess Model," with its case of Canadian cherry, finii^h- d in olive green and gold. This beautiful instrument was selected for Rer Majoi^ty the Queon, and no v fills a place of honour in Windsor Castle. A.11 these inatrumonta received the hii^host prai'^a from competent critics. Dr. W. >.\ iSolee, Organist in Ordinary to Her M.ijosty at Hamp- ton Court Palace, admired thom in every respect, but chiefly for their porfoot damping power, with which he had met in no other instruments. Mr. 0. S. Jekyll, Orgauist of Her Majesty's Chapel Koyal, al.so paid a high tribute to tho pianos o[ this exhibit, classing th^m among the finest instruments ic tho world. But, far above the testi- mony of oven these authorities, we must place that of a master lately passed away, with whose name anything once associated will not bo forgotten. Tho handsome naiic.py of Messrs. Mason & Risch, contained an attraction which stood quite alone in the whole Exhibition, and drew to the spot all thoae whom music could touch and whom art conM delight. This was a life-size portrait of the late Abb6 Franz Liezt, painted by Baron Joukovsky at the master's request, especially for presentation to M 43 \e eztenBivo ., of Guelph, ^ well known extent of the inded at least ip added very Bally acknowl- M«BBrB. D. W. f ten different early period of ) a single par- ity organ they r the Colonies, lich were very he ProBidont of Organists, who and were much iBpection of the 10 were equally display of eight ^l03, including a Australia. The ibinot Organ Co., and finish. The 3. Mason & Risoh, ng iho " PrincoBS Ind gold. This , no V fills a place i;^liO:it prai>^o from Majosty at Hamp- if perfect damping ': 3. Jekyll, Organist Qos ot this oiihibit, far above the testi- lately passed away, en. The handsome stood quite alone in ic could touch and e Abb6 Franz Liezt, 7 for presentation to Messrs. Maeon & Risoh, in acknowledgment of the excellence of a piano- forte sent to him at Weimar by those gentlemen. The portrait was accompanied by a most flattering autograph letter, which I have seen, and which I introduce here. (Translation.) Vkry Honored Gentlemen:— The Mason AJRisoh Grand Piano you forwarded to trie is excellent, magnificent, unequalled (ist vortrefflich, praechtig, musterhaft). Artists, judges and the public will certainly be ot the same opinion. With my sincerest regards I desire to send yon my portrait. It has been painted for you by Baron Joukovsky, son of the renownd Kussian author, and personal friend and instructor of the Eaiperor Alexander II. But now this Liszt portrait has turned out to be so remarkably snccessfal, that people here wished to have a second similar one from Joukovsky for the museum. The painter kindly complied with the request, by which a delay of two or three months is neces>silatod in my forwarding the first portrait to Toronto. Baron Joukovsky made the original sketches for the "Parifcfal" scenes at Bayrenth, which were : ■ successfully carried out. , Excuse, very honored gentlemen, the delay, and accept the assurance of my highest regard. F. Liszr. 10th November, 1882, Weimar. Messrs. Mason & Risch did not exhibit with a view to doing business in Europe,^ but several gentlemen who did so succeeded in introdu'jing their instruments at good piices, and established agencies in London. Among those were Messrs. Heintzmann & Co., of Toronto, who exhibited five upright and two grand pianos, remarkable for important improvement?, notably in their action, which is simple and not liable to derangement. Like the instruments of Messrs. Mason & Risch, these pianos were very highly commended, and some of thom realized high prices. A good English and continental connection is anticipated by Messrs. Heintzmann & Co , who sold 83 instrnmonts during the Exhibition, and who bad the opportunity of establishing an J agency for sale on consii^nmoDt had they thought proper to do so. Messrs. R. S. iWilliaras k S:>ii, of Toronto, exhibited seven pianos, square, grand and upright, one [of which, designed especially for the Exhibition, was much admired both as to Iftppearanco and quality. A piano was alf'o selc^ed for the Queen from thfe exhibits jfMe.agrs. Williams &. Son, and Her Moj^sty was graciously pleased to accept an instrument from the exhibit of Mes-rs. Nowcombo & Co., of Toronto Enquiries for these irstrumonts wore numerous, and a good businoiis in them may be oxpec- sd. Messrs. Newcombo &Co., exhibited six pianos, conspicuous for their duplicate reneer arrangement, by means of which climatic influence is very materially BBsened. The Lansdowno Piano Manufacturing Company, cf Toronto, exhibited 4liz instruments, and these pianos, already so well known in the United States and ^%e Dominion, may now become so in Europe. The Dominion Organ and Piano >mpany, of Bowman vi lie, Ont., made a fine display of seven instruments, which, as the case of their exhibit at Philadelphia, obtained high praise. 44 ill I regard our fine display of musical instramenta as boing of very great value. As I have already said, Canada h the only colony exhibiting them to any oztont worthy of notice, and thoy theroforo afford very conspicuous evidence of our ad- vanced position. Their high qualities are a valuable proof that Canada can already afford to devote much thought and ingenuity to matters concerned with aoithetio oultnre and social refinement. The extent of the business already done in them proves that thoy afford a field for the employment of skilled labor of a very high class. I would therefore remark especially upon the value of these exhibits, in dis- tinction from those of staples iu which Canada's standing is so well known, and in which her pre eminence might naturally be looked for. That Canadian mana- facturers of musical instruments should compel such high praise from the highest authorities, and should introduce their instruments into countries which have for ages been the sources of music to the rest of the world, is a triumph of which she may well bo proud. , In furniture the principal object of exhibitors would seem to have been the intro- duction of goods whose prices would suit the English market, rather than of showing the quality of furniture they could turn out, and a heavy business was set on foot by several firms. The novelty and ingenuity of many of the exhibitn also brought them into notice, and secured an opening for them. The combination iron bedsteads and patent wire mattresses of Messrs. George Gale & Sons, of Waterville, Que. soon came into notice, and were extensively purchased, a single order being taken for 600 of the latter. The goods of the Toronto Wire Door Mat Company found a demand quite unespoctod. They were purchased by hospitals and steamship companies, and the sales soon extended beyond Great Britain. The billiard tables of Messrs. Samuel May& Co., of Toronto, made of Canadian woods, were very much admired, and a portion of the exhibit was disposed of. Messrs. J. Hood loss & Son, of Hamilton, Ont, disposed of their entire exhibit of furniture to a London house, whom they constituted thoir agents. Thj advantages enjoyed by the Canadian m.inufacturor of lurnitm-o lie in the cheapness of his woods, and the habit of turning out, by tho aid of a more extensive use of machinery than is customary in England, u lai-^'o quantity of goods of a single pattern. Those advantages were espoeially appirent in the choaj)cr furniture of Messrs. Hoodless & Son. Mo-isrs. G. Arrastrons; & Co , of Montreal, also disposed of their exhibit, and established an agency in London. Still greater was the success achieved, and in a very important dirootion, by Messrs, Tees & Co., of Montreal, whoso hundsoma and ingenious office furniluro, with its labor- saving contrivances, at once recommended itself. A very extensive business was done by this firm, whoso desks, &c., were soon found in offices ell over London and in the provinces, and in many private houses, among which were those of Lord Milton and Mr. Spurgeon. Orders were also received from the continent, and even for shipment to places so distant as Ooylon, the Canary Islands and Maleira. Messrs. 4B lat value, ly oxtont »four ad- n already Q in them vQTj high t8, in dia- I known, iian manu- he highest h have for which she n the intro- of showing lat on foot Ibo brought a bedsteads B, Que. soon im for 600 a demand panies, and isi-8. Samuel ired, and a Hamilton, ?hom they facluror of by the aid TQ quantity rent in the r & Co , of idon. Still ossra^ Tees h its labor- siness was Indon and in lord Milton and even ,ra. Messrs. Tees & Co. came to London without any oxpootation of soiling even the exhibit thoy brought with them ; but the Exhibition brought such an inoroa-te to thoir bu>ine8s that thoy had to make a largo addition to their working staff in Canudu. Similar exhibits wore made, and with groat sucoass, by Moasra. Schlioht & Field, of Toronto, who displayed some tw onty-five or thirty pieces in various stylos, and by Messrs. Stahlschmidt & Co., of Preston, unt. Tho office furniture of these firms was, in fact, quite one of the leading features in the Central G.illury, and had much influence in establishing Canada's pre-eminonco among the colonies. Tho Bonnott Furnishing Company, of London, Ont., had a very fine exhibit of church and school furniture, in which they established a business which renders thorn well plen>od at having become exhibitors. The furouuro shown by Messrs. Owon, MoGarvoy & Son, of Montreal, was made expressly for the Exhibition. It consisted of a handsome black walnut suite, and a quantity of horn furniture, which was much admired, and which would have boon readily disposed of had the exhibitors dosiicd. Messrs. Hopo & Co., of Winnipeg, also exhibited some very handsomo horn furniture, which appeared to great advantage in a recess in the ganio trophy. Messrs. Simpson & Co., of Berlin, Ont., had an excellent exhibit of black walnut furniture, which elicited much in- quiry. Messrs. G. Armstrong & Co., of Montreal, met with much success in disposing of their chairs and cots, the prices of which were found to compare very favorably with those of similar goods in England. In housc-fittin^s, a very large business has boon done for many yoara by Cana- dian manufacturers with English contractors, and this business has received a fresh impulse from the Exhibition. Canadian doors, mouldings, sashes, blinds and shades, wall papers and other matters in this lino, have all found a place in tho English market. Among the exhibitors of doors, sashes and other woodwork, the following firms must b3 mentioned :— Messrs. Gobier &. Dagonais, of Montreal ; Boyd & Co., of Huntingdon, Que. ; Hawkos & Co., of St. John, N.B. ; Johnson, Walker & Flett, of Victoria, B.C. ; the Royal City Planing Mills, of New Westminster, B.C.; Mr. James Shearer, of Montreal ; and Messrs. Paquet & Godbout, of St. Hyacinthe, Quo. In wall papers, the exhibits of Messrs. Colin McArthur & Co., of Montreal ; M. Staunton & Co., of Toronto ; and John 0. Watson, of Quebec, received great attention. The patent window shades of Messrs. McFa-lane, McKinlay & Co., of Toronto, enjoyed great favor, and a very extensive connection was established by these gentlemen with Great Britain, India. Australia and other countries. Like so many others, they were surprised at the booefita they received from the Exhibition, and expressed them- selves highly gratified at having taken part in it. Mr. Donald Campbell, of Lachute, also had a fine display of window blinds. One of tho most beautiful of the exhibits in the department of house-fittings was that of Mr. Alfred E. Roberts, consisting of panelling, displaying the woods of British Columbia-— Vancouver nr, yellow cypress, maple, arbutus, yew, oak, blended together with due regard to the harmony of color. The panel paintings of Mr. John Murphy, of Montreal, received well-meritod appro- 46 val. The Dominion Oil Cloth Company, of Montreal, displayod u fine trophy which ocoupiod a vory advantagooua position in the Central Gallory. The upholsteriDg leathord of tho Montreal Carriage Loathor Company Hhoald bo mentioned here, tboagh I shall have to return to them in duo order. In the douorativo arts some fine displays wore made. In stained glass, the exhibits of Messrs. Spence & Son and Castio & Sjn, of Montreal, and Messrs. Joseph McCausIand & Son, oi Toronto, were greatly com mended, the latter firm receiving orders from sovoral churches in England. These exhibits appeared to great advan- tago in the large windows of tho quadrant. Tho Cobban JIanufacturing Company, of Toronto, made an excellent display of pir turc-framo mouldings. Mr. Joseph A. Egginton, of Montreal, exhibited cut-glass door panels and cut-glass mirrors, and Mr. Frank Ilewflon, of Montreal, also made a display of art decorations. In carriages, the exhibits were both extensive and creditable, although com- plaints wore made by English judgos that they wore, on the whole, too much as the American pattern, in which taste and beauty are sacrificed to speed, to suit English views. They occupied a great part of tho Western Annexe, formerly used for the Art and Science Collection of the South Koasington Museum, and placed at my dis- posal for exhibition purp;sos through tho kind olflios of tho Mirquis of L:>rne whose interest In the Dominion remains undiminished. Tho greater number of oa carriages were sold before the close of tho Exhibition, and sales of them commenced at an early day. Messrs. J. N. Brown & Co., of Kingston, Ont. ; J. M. do Wolfe, of Halifax; Adamsit Son, of Paris, Ont. ; John Boyd, of Baltimore, Ont. ; G.W. Robin- son, of Kingston, and W. J. ilaraill, of St. Catharines', Ont,, all succeeded in disposing of their vehicles to a greater or less extent. As in other linos, the Flxhibition will bo tho means of teaching our carriage builders the wants and tastes of iJngland, and tho prices at which tho lighter classes of carriages can be made in Canada, should enable them to lind a market hero. The exhibits of Messrs. J. W. Brown & Co., and Messrs. G. W. liobinson & Co., were very comprehensive. In carriagemukers' supplies tho exhibits 'wore also extensive, and tho attention of English cuaohbuilders was thoroughly awakened to tho excellence of Canadian material. The Ooackmakers' Journal, of London, devoted a largo space in several con- secutive numbers to the woods ot Canada available for tho purposes of the trade, and I have already stated that tho Master of tho Coachmakers' Guild of London sailed with me to Canada for tho purposo of securing supplies of the-ie woods, whoso oxoellonco was demonstrated in the whcols and wheel malorial of the Woodbarn "Sarven Wheel " Company, of St. Catharines, Oat., who did an extensive business during the Exhibition, and in the goods of Mr. (Jeorge Minchin, of Shakspenre, Ont. In carriage hardware tho J. B. Armstrong Manufacturing Company of Guolph, Out., had a very extensive exhibit ; also Messrs. Warnock & Co., of Gait, Ont, and Mr. Josiah Fowler, of St. John, N.B. Many ingenious inventions for convenience in travelling wore also exhibited. phy whioh )holBteriDg )re, thoagh I glass, the jra. Joseph I rooeiving roat advan< ompany, of , Joseph A. lirrorH, and lOugh com- auch as the lait Eoglish iried far the at my dia- of L^rne irabor of ou commenced lo Wolfe, of I. VV. Robin- n diBpoBiDg ibition will agland, and ladu, Bhoald 1 & Co., and lO attontioQ )f Canadian several con- trade, and I I sailed with ozoellonce rn "Sarvon i during the In carriage , had a very siah Fowler, Qg wore also Inmanufaotaresofironandstofil fi.~~~r^'^'^'^'^''^^''''^^'============== ovory considerable tovrn in th« n "tensive works which are to h« f . "do, woro lined win, a„„ ^. . " »»" "f It" gallery, and »l,„ ^^^^ .fc! ' f-l thing, along a, „„,„ 'P^' ;' J»« OOU. ,„ fant, ta. j; , „" "■""• "«■« "i.oh Canada ha, tU «„» adt.ntaLo Ltl T " '™-'° '■° "■» """o linH! -.. .S.U or .0™, r zr :;r r^« 'r-'"-" ■■- »«-*™. :.r Hamilton ; Mo„r,. H. R. I„, ,, twf; f «-; J"™- S.e.„, 4 (,„,,;;"• ^ :'"f «rr.ny, Of BrooWiMe, and ZZ'/m"; ^ ^ ^ '"""^ '^"'"■' ^-^« lo other branehes of man„fa,,,„re, of ,„, ,,•, u * ''"'P'"'^' «f Ha™il,„„ t-ndled a,e, of Mr. R, T. Wil»n, „f D „d /t ! ''°'° "'"" "■"""• -"»^ly of .h," ^■■>-'y» patent .ooket ,ho™is ol the H.lifal M 'nl Z "'"■•" H^""""" i th» w.ro of the Ontario Lead and Barb ffireCompa„rofT;°° °'"'''"''' "'° '«'^'' - to wrought and ,.eel nails, ganger. .„d ZTo m.Iti^r ^ "'""■"' ^"° -"» and otrhedtl'ltlr^tth'r" '"t ''^"'■''°' ^^'"''"^ '-'" «- -afe. forated »h„„. .e,a, of Jfe^rX „ r,™!" ""' '""'■»• ^"^ -"^it of^t «picao„,, featnre in .he Western O^^^^^XT^ "' ''""^°' ™ « ™-7 "o- o^oth and other artioloH „, wire, ifce dif; „y oTack naT "T"'°' ""'' "'»' "'^ M«r. Pillow, irer«ey & Company of afnlL..! ■'''''""" ""'' ""I" -"Jo by handsome show case in tho eentre ^1 ZT^ "I ™'P"°""y '■. a very monts in this line. The rofrigera'o ■ of MeZ r t """'""■"'" "' '" ''^' ~I"« i. Hanrahan, were all deserving ol mention n. , Saulhicr, and J. the Whole snmmer in M... 6aa.hf.rl™ I'n .h^ r^" ■ "" ""'"^"^ ^""-S Hanrahan pt^ved very „so.^., in brin ' g ; J .r" ™;''»''r'' '^^' "f ^■ aad sale The weighing maohines <.! }lZ7 tllZ 17' T ''" '""'"'""'■' should also be mentioaed here. ^ * *''"'-0f Ha=iiltoa, Oat. In bro!«H and copper work tho chief exhibits wjro ihoso of \tr. B. Ohaiitoloap, of Montreal, Metfvershoes. ct of very would be los in the foot. n Canada ast year ;e in the ;hoat her ih BO that iries were were the f twenty- ad every the East her Com- pany wore romarkablTnrZirZrrT'''''^'^^ In harno,, . fe, „„„„ •"" "• P'""»« "-ight of c„„„e be Jlpw n T"" """' ^"° "»'" 'o- « . ^OODENWARE anH »*« T^ '^"'°^' 'lie Brandon Ikfan^f . . "^"'""^ of Messrs. , "" *•*"•'• B""" * Oo., .f St. J„h„ nbI I "°* C0BP..70/ T«™.,„ «nezt.n.iv.,„dei.„„de„™..», il„" ^°° "^» '-' "■« e«.bU.h™„, of P"«>h«ed them. B„,„i„.,, ,„„ ^^^; '»™ '»"y P«™™d bv ,i.it„™, „„„ ' ■"g Of o„r ,o,-« product,, C.o.di.„, btr it ' "'" '"""■'"°'' ■- ""'■ -J.n.r, advantages p,.e,d at tbeir d Jl b^r'"'":' '™"'«'" °'"-«™- ISO !l ia the oonstruotion of pianofortes was well shown by Mr. G. O. Gates, of Truro, N.S^ Besides the firms £ have already mentioned, exhibits of the applications of oar woods were made by the Bolton Veneer Company, Mr. John Boyd, of Montreal, Meesra. Fitch, Edson & Co., of Etohemin, Qae., Mr. O. Y. (}oaIette, of Gananoqae, Ont.,. Messrs. Hawes & Co., of St. John, N.B., Messrs. H. A. Nelson k Sons, of Montreal, Messrs. Rhodes, Curry & Co., of Amherst, N.S., the Koyal City Planing Mills Com* pany of New Westminster, B.C., the Sussex Wood Manufacturing Company, N.B., Mr. David C. White, of Qamilton, N.B., Messrs. Whitehead & Turner, of Quebec, and Messrs. Wintormate & Hill, of Tilbury Centre, Ont. NAVIOATION, SHIPS AND BOATS. Canada, in this department, by no means made a display corresponding with her position as the fourth country of the world in maritime importance, but it must be remeoabered that she had been canvassed for the Exhibition in Liverpool before your agents took the Bold on behalf of South Kensington, and that she was well represented on the Mersey. The ship yards of Quebec were wholly unrepresonted in London, and with the single exception of the models of lumber ships exhibited by Messrs. Hendorsoa Brothers, of Montreal, the models were all from the Maritime Provinces. The internal navigation of Canada, which is such a great and distinctive feature of our country, was almost wholly omitted. The models of ships were nearly all from Nova Scotia. They were very beautiful, and offers to purchase them were freely made, but were declined by the exhibitors. Mr. W. D. Lawrence, of Slaitland, N. S., exhibited models of three vessels built in his own yard, one being a ship of 2,458 ton?, the largest ever built in Canada, and which is now owned in Sweden. Mr. Wm. MuDougall, of South Maitland, N. S., also exhibited models of large ships built by himself. Mr. Lewis P. Fairbanks, of Dartmouth, N. S., showed a design for the better application of the screw propeller to vessels of all kinds. Mr. H. P. Coombs, of St. John, N. B., exhibited on behalf of himself and others, a model of an improved metallic life-boat, showing the application of life-saving apparatus to ordinary ships boats. The full size fishing dories, whalers and sloops of Nova Scotia were all sold and orders taken for others. The canoes of the Ontarjo Canoe Company, of Peterborough, Ontario, and those of Mr. Thomas Gordon, of Lukefield, Ontario, were very much admired. These pretty vessels have long been known in England, and are in great favour on English rivers. Messrs. Herald &■ Hutchinson, of Gore's Landing, Ontario, also exhibited three ver; beautiful canoes. It is very much to be regretted that the pleasure skiffs, so generally in use in Ontario, were unrepresented. They would have speedily won their way in England, being in many respects superior to the boats seen on the Thames and elsewhei while the difference in price between England and Canada should afford an ample margin for profit. If once fairly introduced, they would, no doubt, be at least as much liked rs the canoes. I am informed by Mr. Cross that he pointed out this omission to your Ontario agents, but the makers were- probably deterred from over, I have lasses Maritii Th the leac which h nearly t the Exhi ensuring cheese w oheese w« ^ere sold be hoped, of refresh I asking for English pi October) si from Prom, Prome nor and Indian Canadian ai qnoled at fo The che |»fMr. T. D. on exhibitio and Western tion. These I contributed b (were arrangei (sept of the Co jfancy package pon, of the dai Prom the |of cheese and b pay be anticip nents for refri; "'"<"> b.s tor „.„_ °' '' "»•■» «" represent. 1 1°' "•»»<"»» «e„«„„, .„j „, °-"y '»e Whole j^^n ""'=«<' »»°"g our le.j.vj'''™''''' '''■'''''«« 'octle "'«» were sold « c.„'dl r**'°' ■""•'« "■« infer/ ^r'" "'"' *''«''™ were .„w „ j, ^°«*«n- A. a later period the |«°7"° r ' "' '^"'"'•™» '^'OP^C, 6ee„ L,7^'Z"V'^''''- »' Canadl^; ^ "■°".°«"'°»"'- ca„e« •"<" Indian BrtibUi„° w k °'" °''°°' «™" qnal.W. '' """ « "="'■«■• « «"0..d a. four ehi,l4 ";;™; ° '"-*»«., „, .^, ^^ ^^ »'«e.bere eta. e,e ««1 tTeatern i)airy„e^,;.r """""■" ""»«*'. in th st'""^ ""^""^ "'ready «»"'ribn.ed by Zlu 77 """' '»" ^"» »' 'bet L: ° ''"'""^ ''-oi- K'«f.beCen.ra,G:„t;;:':^'™P'-»fobee,ea7Cr^''""°--- =''>«> ^»«7 packages Of b„urTr''t'"'"''""-^ "■'"'V of »Z y;,,"""""'- "••- h--'«^.ir..epa„.en::;::t':rr"''"^-^-^^^^^^^^^^ J ^rom thrt .r«<, * • 'Ontario Agricultural p, II Kobort- uwtoF and 62 iii p i ' [a cheese can bo carried from the Canadian factory to the docks at London, Liverpool or Bristol for ^d. per pound, should enable oar dairymen to compete saooes^fally with the English prodncers. The other food preparations exhibited comprised canned and preserved fish, meats, fruits and vegetables ; many excellent fiirinaceoas preparations, baaides the usual varieties of flour, meal, &o. ; evaporated vegetables, maccaroni, and many kinds of baking powder. Susiness in these lines was limited, owing largely to the high prices asked. To this Johnston's Fluid Beef was an exoepiion, for the sale of which there is an agency in London, and whioh was also freely sold iu the Rxhibition. Among the most conspicuous exhibits of food products I may mention those of the Golden Crown Packing Company, of Halitax, consisting of preserved fi-ih and meats ; the Aylmer Canning Company, of Aylmer, Ont., who exhibited canned meats and poultry and vegetables, and canned and evaporated fruits, and whose goods were especially appreciated and sold freely; Kfessrs. Fish & Ireland, of Lachute, Que., whose display of prepared cereals included so many excellent articles of vegetable diet; the Canada Food Company, of Toronto, who made a fine and varied exhibit of farinaoeons foods prepared from cereals. The "Pure Gold" Manufacturing Com- pany, of Toronto, had a very extensive and attractive show of baking powders, spices, extracts, and other things domestically useful, which, being very tastefully displayed in the Central Gallery, near the Agricultural Trophy, was the object of much attention and enquiry. The condensed milk of the Truro Condensed Milk and Canning Company was declared superior to the Anglo Swiss and all other condensed milks, but cannot compete with them in price. The condensed coffee of this com- pany was much appreciated and very extensively enquired for. Unfortunately, being sold ready mixed with sugar and cream, it comes under the ban of adultera- tion, and cannot be admitted under the English customs laws, though a market may be found for it in India and Australia, and, when the steamship communications of the Pacific Railway afford direct communication with the east, these goods, like so many others, may find outlets hitherto undreamed of. The exhibit of canned lobster and salmon of Messrs. Forrest & Co., of Halifax, was readily disposed of at full prices. This firm, I should mention, carried off the gold medal at Antwerp last year, and their goods are well known both in England and on the continent. The canned evaporated vegetables of MessiM. S. G. Kerr & Sons, of Canning, N.S., have already a high reputation in the British Navy, and an extensive business in them may no doubt result from the Exhibition. Messrs. J. P. Mott & Co., of Halifax, have an agency in London for the sale of their cocoa, chocolate, bromi, cocsoabutter, &c., but I have not been informed as to its success. In sugars and confectionery the exhibits were very creditable. The former were represented by the Canadian Sugar Befining Company, of Montreal, the Hali- fax Sugar Befining Company, and the Moncton Sugar Befining Company. In con- fectionery, the exhibit of Messrs. Christie, Brown & Co., of Toronto, deserves special mc con don pen ery exte numi the Pi the D( tbesi Boswo & Sons Prescot line, ha Charles to be re^ The win, extensive taken a g lion ; and increased, by the vin Messrs. Ba samples ot of whiskieg Walker & J5 These whis trade whfc extended. A Colonial sJon, for the fish, cheese, place, and a I '^Jse. The C our food prod Under the het oxhibits in the 53 °»«°«on, forming 000^^"^^''^^"^''^^^======^^ ^ ".e v,„toge, of Pete, ,,Z., '"" '=« «'"» in ft ° , **"'»« ««terW,y extended. «^'«t«d between the t,.o conn. ' ""'* '^^ ^roall ^°"«tr.e« n^aj. periaps be ^ Colonial Afa, ket '"''^'''''''' ''^^''^''- ""■•/ood pr„d„„i, ™7 '"■<»■»<' to be He „„„, „, f '=^'"W'o,s and other- '*' ^'"•^et WasfoilnrJ .. u ^ '«^"'t8 of tha — -my convenient for 64 ■f i m the purpoaea of the National School of Cookery, which was situated in the Exhibition, quite close to it, and by means of which colonial, and especially Canadian prodacts were consumed by visitors. It also furnished tbe materials for several numerously attended colonial dinners, which wore the best possible illustrations of the sources of food supply existing in the distant dependencies of the Empire. CHKMIOAL AND PHARMAnECTIOAL PR&rARATIONS. Under this head are included "- drnisbes, paints, soap«, medicines, chemical manures, petrolen and its compound , oils, &o., and toilet preparations. The most important exhibit .n this department was that of Mr. Isaac Waterman, of London, Out,, which embraced every conceivable product of petroleum, and which fully vin- dicated the equal position of the Canadian article beside that of the United States, which has hitherto beeu doubted in England. The exhibits of Messrs. Evans, Sons & Mason, and Me8<)rs. Lyman, Sons & Co., in chemicals, and that of Mr. D. A. McCas- kill, in varnish and japans, were conspicuous in the Central Gallery, aho the fine display of Messrs. Archdale, Wilson & Co., of Hamilton, of pharmaceutical prepara- tions. This latter exhibit was all sold, and at prices, I am told, 15 per cent, higher than those asked by the exhibitor. Messrs. W. Strachan & Co., of Montreal, made shipments of lard oil to London and Liverpool, and expect a profitable trade. In medicines, I may mention the * the photographer was not so largely employed in Canada as in Australia in givinj good pictures of the chief public buildings in the cities The visitors to the Australia! nv ci mi wh pro beat Chai beau This flowei berlio Mrs. 5 family Th Mr. p. u Canadiei & So~18, ( Hlley, an home grc fflanufacti tobacco is known in Thee: facilities ar They inclu( ■Railway, an Harris & Co the St. Thot trivances foi Trunk iJailw pared, bat th sent to BogJa Pacific Railw very fine disp A Son, of Tor Exhibition, a prodaots mmeroQsly ) soaroes of , ohemioai The moat >f London, k fully vin- tod States, ms, Sons & A. McCaa- io the fine il prepara- int. higher real, made trade. In This is a zbibits in epreaenta- hem were Optical o, Messra. al (Bocky , invented e medical . blishment portion ofl & Son, 0^ 9S, whicij ianadiani^ lastrate the art ( in givinl .astralial ~- .Ct i~' • .i'tr.- -'; 7:i"r;;- Associated ^Uh n,^ „, , ^^ "'« ^i«itor as ho o* the celebrated *^e exhibits of toK ' ''"'^'^C'^o- The exhibits in f ,, =^«^80RAP„,c wobk . 6« Bivol}' need on the railways of Canada and the United States. The antomatio sema- phoro exhibited by these gentlemen was very generally and very highly commended, and received much praise from no lees an authority than Sir Edward Watkin, and although English railways may not see fit to alt their whole system of signalling* that of the Messrs. Piper may now find its way into the colonies and abroad. A beautiful model of a day and night semaphore was exhibited by Mr. F. N. Gisborne, electrician to the Department of Public Works, acd so widely known as the inventor ot many electrical appliances now extensively in use. This is a highly useful invention, both for railway and marine purposes, and must ultimately extend Mr. Gii^borne's already wide reputation. Dr. Abner M. Rosetrugb, of Toronto, exhibited a model of a mechanical telephone exchange system, which attracted much attention. ENOHAVINa, LITHOQRAPHINQ, PRINTING, BOOKBINDINO. The exhibits of specimens of engraving occupied a conspicuous position and a very considerable space in the Quadrant, where they were well seen and much admired. Noteworthy among them were those of the George Biehop Engraving and Printing Company, the British North Amefican Bank Note Company, the Bnrland Lithographic Conc.pany, the Canada Bank Note Engraving and Printing Company, all of Montreal ; Messrs. Bolph, Smith & Co., ot Toronto, and the Toronto Litho- graphic Company. These were all fine specimens of the engraver's art. In bookbinding, a very fine exhibit was made by Messrs. Brown Bros., of Toronto, which was very advantageously displayed in the Centre Gallery. This exhibit was very comprehensive in its extent, and of excellent and tasteful work- manship. Mr. E, B. Biggar, of M)ntreal, exhibited a printing press, with type, paper and fittings for newspaper work. The press was placed in the Western Gallery, and ■hown at work. Mr. Biggar also conducted the printing of a newspaper called the Canadian Exhibitor. In the press-room wore to be found the newspapers and periodicals published in the Dominion. This portion of the section was constantly visited, and I have to express my acknowledgments of the courtesy of the editors of the several newspapers and journals who contributed towards this exhibit. INDIAN MANUFACTURES. « The Indians of Canada have for many years turned their manual dexterity and their exce, .ent taste to account in the manufacture of articles equally useful and ornamental. No stalls in the Exhibition were surrounded by a greater number oi admirers and purchasers than those where these pretty and serviceable objects werj to be obtained. The principal exhibitors were Messrs. W. J. Thompson, of St. Johi N, M< th< Ian Tb, add been was tion 1 justif 1 C.L.S, ftlly i piled I Ontari ^ ai (I 2, 3. (•*. (6. (6. (7.. (80 Th< possible charts the Educ flommary o»agnitud of a high glass oasi The sides the work containing CathoJio Schools for supposed, tion, farnit tions. The «nd electro io sema- tnended, kin, and [nailing* ion and a nd mnch iving and ) Barland lompany, ito Litho- Bros., of ry. This jful work- •N.B J Afegsrs, G N R t ' " «.«e .Hide. ™„,. h.v. bt„ . ' .' * *•■ "• «»PiJ Cily. Man T it- "' °' m.^., , EDUCATION. ihehlgh position of the n.r«! • . I. -^ "^^ -"^^J with 80 much carA ««^ • j ^"»ver ity. in the oataJjffna nnm ' f2'i ss°",°'J"'J'«"■«>l»■ chai-ta.ffi, ■■ ^ '"'P''J' """fronted the ri.ifo./..""™''^ *■"' "H «l.,s caao, m,e. „,,j phil„.„pHiJ™„7"''[- .''°" "" '-Pk^ "ood three C Tie a.d«„, the Coart were di Jed i„,„7 °"'»-. "'"omenta aaed ,„ the achoofa •h. wort done in th. A,. s„^„,, „;» " « J '■■*ve,,, » ,.,.„,.„^ ,„„ ,„„,,„;'- oontamingapeoimenaof the wor^c d„„„ o *'">"«■»»« archives were galleriee ^-'Wio se^inariea, and ..Z<^ '::,"*.■!?"'■ "*^'-' "°"«^- 803 Sohoola forma a mach mo,« iniportan, Z ""l""""™- Tho work of the Art >"PP«aed. I. eonaiat, very >.rXol^T, '"'°.'^°"' "■" -<«l" « fl.t be , .0",f.r„it,r.,„.nte,aa„d„vti„V rl,' ■''' ''''''°' "' '"■'■' "<»■»» ■ o, ,„°1, ^'"' ™"«"«o», ".though «! ■"o Montre., Po^ ee*^';": """""-eial Acad J^ f"" '"r'"" '-^ "pre^euti Tie «., Of Ambe N 8 5° "°°"'"' "''~ "0 told. TT '"■°' o' ">» """'■1., and .„ excel 1.' ''°'' '^ *' ^- Scrfe „f n "-^ ^f*"- Bbodea, 'ke Boboote of the P„^„f °°' °' "^ «<"«» Acade,!? If ""^ °""' '"'"«"'«- --kof .he papu/o fZ:;' '"'■"'■"=''' »"~'ion. o 'Z'T'l'""""'' ^^^ »"''l>a«.b,aed.heS?h» tt';?''"''^--''P™="'»d. ThTl'n.T'""'" *°- ■^'■« --7u»^.be.r«:::s;"---..>j;::r^^^^^^^ ■in the case of JVoni- n "pace "-M and the .rran;!„:°r„Tr °"^'^ "" "■» »"<"Oob o^be P • - c.aso rooms eo n aUo fontioi pitt of thj exhibit. The mode of in.>traotioa wa^ maricoi by Homo original and highly useful featuroH, among which I may mention tho " blaclcboard gloho," oxhibilod by Mr. John filarsh, sooretary of the Sohool Board of St. John, by mean4 of wliiub a vory vivid impression of the features of tho earth's surface may be produv.'e(l on voi-y young minds. Text books, registers, reports, ka., were also shown. The exhibit of Prince Edward Island was alsto fnirly representative, including toxl bodks and npocimens of work from tho St. Danstan's and Prince of Wales Coliogos, und also from tho public schools of the iHland. Tho visitor could not fail to note tho prominent position givon to education in this l^rovlnce. Manitoba hm lor a long poriod been woU provided with tho raeanH of edaoation. The collection exhibited contained the principal foaturos marking those of other Prov- inces ; the work on view showod a general average ol thn pupils' perform ances, and was not especially prepared for the Exhibition. Tho work of the Normal Sohool and of the University of Manitoba and the affiliated colleges of St John and St. Bonilaoe, was illastrated in a manner in keeping with tho ' voU known excellence of those institutionR, which have educated so many leading professional and public men. The exhibit of British Columbia consisted merely of a small collection of books, affording little idea as to the system of education prevailing in the Province, which is at tho present time of a very simple character, and awaiting the development of the country. In the educational section there was a library of works bearing on Oanadian and general ^ubjectc), chiefly by Canadian authors, consisting of about 1,000 volumss, and containing works on education, history, biography, literature, science, law, theology* travel and most other sabjeo'a interesting to the present age. riNS ARTS. In this department, alno, Canada has asserted her supremacy among the Colonies. An Englieh critic, writing in the Magazine of Art, says : — *l While walking among the Canadian pictures you can imagine yourself in a good European gallery much more easily than you can if you are in tho fine art collection of any other Colony." Another critic said : — " A school of clever landscape painters, inspired by grand mountain and river scenery, appears to have been formed in Canada. The names of Forbes, Eraser and L. R. O'Brien maybe mentioned in this connection. Two views of Quebec, lent by Her Majesty the Queen, are good examples of Mr. O'Brien'tt art. Some of his water-colour paintings are also deserving of special com- mendation. One of the best works in the gallery is the 'Meeting of School Trus- tees,' by R. Harris. * * * Regardeias a whole, the contributions from Canada are full of interest and promise" noi eon was ters liOfd Proft spirit words standi To Sir opinion ^Jxhibiti ft'om his ^be matt Canada. conveyed varied int the Canad other vail /enuine ar /. ^y til artist, and ^- G- Wick. attain to st a country vv plenty more ^hilst the Ji ^oe case in o compelled to nae (o farour loolish to fori others which wtion before ,. Thefiftoe "'8 oil pfom,e, 'ess ambitious ^^ Jntroduoes y «ver, showd no spirited touch through thou^a, i^e first drops fuUsIaaii'be ^nd most at his e '^'ih the works < »«*of „„,-,;"*''/"°<' -inwbn. z™°"°° '0 o„r .4rr/"'"°'"»' •»■) ">*»o.™,- zr "'■"'»'"« -rr"™ '° <" n 7 /our I t°: thorl H wifh work; a/ that in th •iooe art j octaves m, ffle/tintoo "' the eouie •""St fake t ^''.fir^a.tive J * '"tie too ( '■ondor her i . , floDierl •^'ghtroad Personaj/v" fJ ""PPlios Cbo i ;«'-'oty and™ r"»'^ hitherto , r'« and cheerj P»t i may cai/ t| ^*on speech is 64 unneccHsary. His pictare of "Last Rays, Bay of Fundy," tempts me to forget Canada and to generalize. It seems to me as good as most landscapes whi3h are being painted in these days; bnt then Mr. Bell Smith mast remember that very great landscapes are not being painted, and there are still new worlds for him to conquer. Uis pictures are a trifle French, perhaps ; there is jast a little of that parade of art which is so offensive in the landscapes which hail from Paris; just a Huspicion of self assertion. The good people of Canada live farther from France than we do; they have not been bored to death as we have; they have not bfion daily told by Frenchmen: "See how clever wa are," "how well we know how to do thingrt,""in that place in your pictare you mast put a flat tint, with a pallette knive if possible," "that must all be dark," "it ia the law," and so on ; aad Mr. Bell Smith, with his artistic training and fine eye, might we!! afford to set such things at defiance. As he walks on the sea-beach and drinks in the pure Atlantic breeze, and watches the green waves rolling on the sand and splitting themselves in spray upon the rocks, he would do well to lot love of nature and beauty be his only guide, and I don't think it will lead him far astray. W. tirymner, RCA., is a talented artist who shows in a more marked degree the influence of French teachirg. His best picture, in my opinion, entitled " Orazy Patchwork," has all the characteristic excellencies, or let me call them truths, for which modern French art is remarkable, giving a scene in which a number of objects of different colours are grouped together , that art is mainly pre-occupied with ren^ dering the exact value in point of lightness or darkress which those objects have respectively to each other, and this one truth has been rendered with an accuracy which may be reckoned as a new achievement in art. Mr. B'-ymner has acoom- plished this in his " Urazy Patchwork " and in * A Wreath of Flowers." The former picture is, moreover, carefully and skilfully drawn and painted. It has also an agreeable, silvery tone of colour. This artist has naturally a good eye and deli- cate appreciation of tone— in itself a rare gift— and he is capable of producing beauti- ful work. All that appears to me to be necessary is a more extended sphere of effort, as, for instance, an endeav&ur to unite grace and beauty of form and feature with the charm of tone and a* ial perspective, which he already excels in. Of Albnrt Bii;rstadt, who is not a Canadian, I need say nothing. He has often exhibited in Europe and the valhe of his work has been fixed by very competent critics. Allan Edson, RCA., deserves a word of hearty commendation, especially for his landscape in water colours. It is a beautiful harmony in grey and gold, with a clear limpid sky. There is rothing batter in point of colour in the collection. The grey trunk on the right with the autumn leaves clustering round it, very subtle and fall of fine artistic fooling. William Gill. The three drawings by this urtist, are in a very pure style of water colour, neatly and deftly executed in single washes. I should like to see Mr. Gill's work on a larger scale and with a more ambitious theme. I may make a remark here which applies &Uo to Mr. Edeon and indeed to all the Cana'lian land- scape painters. There seems to me to be a want of character and individualization in their drawing of trees. I aek myself which of these is the maple, the sumach or the hemlock, of which I have so often road, and I cannot answer the question. These trees might be growing in Sussex or Kent. Grand Pr6, the country Mr. Gill paints in at once recalls Longfellow's " Bvangoline," and I think of the opening lino'* : — This is the forest primeval ; the murmuriag pines and the hemlocks Bearded with moas in garments grej, indiatinet in the twilligbt, Stand, • There is more local colouring in those lines than in scores of Canadian pictures.] This is a defect which the artif^ts should certainly correct. F. A. Vernor must practice assiduously, to vercome a certain clumsiness oi handling which mars his good intentions. His subjects are very interesting to ui who live on this side of the groat salt lake; they record things which I suppose an a]«n, draivi fm. y^Uey of repo picture «g hao once fin 'efineme Vmpati, fnd y^or *® a UttU '^fPresontfi Picturo, is ?e sees, y^i P. F. r pictures exl PfPPortion *f oodcoct i ^o'^ nearly wi^e -4nu»te, friend. UuT T^y on the of IK * '^"''eri a ass £-S^SF££-|Sr.%5 66 world, there were found the saiie passions and propanaities, the s)me virtaea, vioos and foibles which had boon illustrated by ceaturiesot history and which hal been the theme of philosophers and aatiristn aiaco the days of Home:-. In art wo observe the same uniformity. Wo, in our lime, may be said to have diticovered a new art, that of Japan, which has ^rown to its prcesont perfection without any extraneous influ- ence. In that art we tind identically the same principles of contrast, harmony and variety which regulated the ait of the Athenians and of medieeral and renaismnoe Italians; but that uniformity of prioeiplo admits of all the dissimilarity which is obnerTable between a Greek sarcophagus, a Florentine cassono and a docorated Jap- anese screen. That which is uniform oosstitutes the fundamental laws whi^h govern art and which are founded on nature; that which is various illustrates man's individ- nality and the endless combinations of which human faculties are capable. The uniformity rests upon laws which may not be violated ; the variety has always been governed by the circumstances which surround the artist, by the age and country in which he lived, and by the conditions of his intellectual requirements. It is the main source of interest in art ; it helps to explain history and it constitutes the claim on which reputations are built. In a young country like Canada we must expect the first ventures in the direction of art to be timid. The artists who found that school, and whose example will eventually build up the traditions on which it rests, are in duty bound to be careful that their practice is grounded on principles which are enduring and inviolable ; bat they must beware of mistaking fashion for principle, and the whims and fancies of individuals for organic laws. They must study, as Reynolds said, the full body of ihe best general practice. No school, to be worthy of the name, can be founded upon a few examples. The whole range of art must be traversed, and, its laws once ascertained, the individual genius of the ^rtists>nd the influence of the nature which surrounds them; the cir^umstancoa which call works of art into existence, all extraneous influences, in fact, must be allowed their natural and untrammelled sway. It is thus that Egyptian, Greek, Italian and Dutch art were produced. All of these wero admirable ard of momentous importance to the world, and all of them sprang directly from the requirements of their time and the circum- stances which surrounded the artists. What is demanded of the artist, and what he must supply or pay the penally of negl'ct and oblivion, is a faithful record of himself, & truthful testimony to the things which he knows and has seen and which he loves. A striking instance will prove the truth of this assertion. Benjamin West, the first artist of note who came from the new world, was unquestio'iHbly a man of genius ; but we should have been ignorant of the fact, and allowed hl^ reputation to sink in his grave without the tribute of a regretful epitaph, but lor tvro pictures. On two occasions and only two during his long life he escaped from the slavery of conven- tional ideas and dared to be true to himself. He produced the " Death of General Wolfe " and the "Treaty of Penn with the Indians," two pictures which the world will not willingly let die. All the rest that he did deserves only to be forgotten ; it was a feeble eflbrt to revive an art with which he had no real sympathy and which he himself did not thoroughly understand. In applying these remarks to the young school of Canadian art, I trust that due allowanco will be made for the emphasis which I have thought necessary to use to make my meaning clear, i hav ' put the case in an extreme light, not because it is appropriate to the occasion, but i. i order that I may not be misunderstood. On the evidence of this Exhibition, I judge that the artists of Canada are sufficiently grounded j in general principles; but I observe a tendency to adopt the external form, thei peculiariiies which belong to individuals, which I regret, and which, in the ezercisel of what may bo called an official duty, I feel bound to object to. I will not repeat any of the numerous common places about England and her colonies, which have boeu spoken and written since the opening of the Exhibition. I quite share in th« general enthusiasm, I go the whole Ixingth, in fact, I think it the noblest ta^k evetf proposed to itself by a nation, that of spreading the blessings of civilization over th# barbarous regions ol ihe earth, and of gathering the benighted nations into the folA of Cbristj and I makeit part aud paroelof that glorious dream that art shall b| P tj th m< th: &o wi fre( hea and WitI acco thef has € to av Aoco] aJI thi theft, the efl Detail, the ^ei her. I ofhJHh trees. V and thei art. JV( ?go, at t in that 8, Walter S ^/'^' wl oc. iJavon ^&Bxb. J ^andscapo ^boleoft f aps r ouo the mason carve thenj but with I ''etafl. Ho, covered tbc jne green ?] aisdaio/t; ^ fovered with ^egs and barr «n(i stoeJ lock potent judgef. far centuK *° a 8"1J kighl ,^,^°^«« Wo ot ft the v&lioy n ^"^o at this pre jead many a^^, «°d rules: as o ! / Instrament yet invented can probe the minateneas of its details or the vastnesB of its ezpanHo. I am happy in the thought and grateful to its Almighty Creator ; and when a work of art gives an echo to this sentiment, I take real pleasure in it. When it does not, why then I treat it &s mature age has taught me to treat many otbar things ; I Hhrng my shoniders and take no notice. But I have been led into argument and digression when I was dreaming of a great school of art which had arit^eii in Canada, and surely of all places in the world there is none more likely to produce such a phenomenon. What special advantages it enjoys 1 Its people are heirs to all the latest results of civilization, and yet they are in immediate contact with nature, still struggling to subdue her untamed forces. They posaess exactly what nations in a high state of civiiization have always sighed for, what the Augustan Bomans sighed for, the life ut prisca gens mortalium. What interest to the world at largo, what piotnresqueness there must be, in the lumberers' camp, the cottage of the backwoodsman, and the hunter's wigwam; and what history they have to draw upon ; che French settlements, the wars, the Indian treaties, the annals of the Hudson Bay and North* West Companies, must be full of striking incidents and pictorial scenes ; and behind the human incidents there is the impresnve ^ran.deur of untrammelled nature, the primeval forest, the self so\7n vege- tation and the rush of waters which are impelled only by their own wild forces. The Canadians are beginning life afre^^h, but not as people have hitherto been compelled to be^i.i it. They have good coats on their backs and patent stoves to cook their food on. I would they could begin art afresh also ; not as red Indians began it on their buffalo robes, but with all the great examples before them, and colours supplied . in ooilapHible tubes duly labelled. I should like to see Canadian art Canadian to the backbone, not reminding me of Patrick Nasmyth or John Iiichardson or of French Impression istes ; a thing developed by nature in a special soil and climate like a prairie flower, which grows nowhere else, which we import and cultivate tenderly, ana whose beauty we admire; but which we cannot thoroughly appreciate or sympa- thize with until we see it in its native luxuriance, bending to the winds which have blown over thouHands of miles of open plains, and watered by the spray of cataracts whose sources have never been explored. I remain, Sir, Tour obedient servant, J. B. HODGSON, R. A., Professor of Painting and Librarian 41 GiROUs EoAD, to the Royal Academy, London. St. John's Wood, 1st November, 1886. A Horticultural and Botcnical Garden, illustrating the Flora of Canada, was laid out in the grounds of the Exhibition by Mr. James Fletcher, iilntomologist to the Department of Agricultai-e, and also an accomplished botanist, whom you despatched to England for this purpose. This exhibit possessed an especial value from the fact that nil the plants composing it are adapted to cultivation in the English climate, proving, in this very important respect, a resemblance between Canada and the Mother Country which exists in the case of no other colony. The collection com- prised timber trees, medicinal plants, ornamental trees and shrubs, flowering plants, and plants generally interesting to botanical students. Mr. Fletcher was entirely Bucceseful, during his short stay in London, in placing the garden in such a conu.^ion »s to ensure its flourishing throughout the simmer. thro Arer Insti r Hon," Assooi the Ai sthoioa Coi Associai Society, oiation, ( The Arenoe C with ; — ^ *»•; Frah Bmigratioi Social Con Victoria, Q TheK( •ooommodal •ndienoes w To tho8< No time < the resources t ^^g of the Colo ^iiich the roya interested, prec Pletion of ^jjio 1885. Theabil «'on i>ad. p'_,j when the Canadi soepticism of Bn^ 69 "firi June and Ja,» r... f ^^ "»«28th of M.^ . To tho«e gentlemen who w '' ^*''^' ^^e [ VO Dominion were rnoognized with that generosity with which Englishmen are wont to atone for the tardiness of thtir af jiceoiationof the oapnhilities of those whose powers they have regarded as not proven. It wwt thertrore not surprising, when t je opening of the Exhibition displayed Canada's dot: ^^vtv.ncnts in every department of civih'zation in such a manner as to astonish many 9ven of our own people; when she asserted, jjor (a norln, but in visible deeis, her position as tho foremost of the dopendenokts ot Great B; iiaiH ; that the enthasiaum and the interovt of Englishmen were proioi^ndl/ izoitei ; tbtit the revelation of the woj-th of thoir possessions in British N<:irth xViTtcvica catjio npon them aa something splendid &v.td unsaspected,. Neither ib it surprising that entbnsiasm and ir terest wore, after u while, tempered with alarm, as it became evident that Oundawa^ it; ?. position to supply the home marmot with the many articles which I have mentioned! in the foregoiog p?4*0ij. At an ;i«»rly stage of the ^^xhibition, the Saturday HeuUvy, aod other I'sading poriooic^^ls, called a? l^ution to the enter p'ize, intelligence and industry ol which the .nnaditin eshiaits, of ft!l otlon-j (jave evidence, and warned British pro inoors thai their es- ports to Canndft i^.'i-ld, in all prolcibility, gradually cease. Indeed these journals roundly stated that », vihi:. to tho Canadian section quite explained the existing depretjsioQ in English tf ioe. ThiB alti m appears to mo to be, if not wholly unfounded, at least very greatly exaggerated ; and the causes of the depression of English trade extend far beyond the industries of Canada. Be this as it may, no better proof could be imagined of the effect of the E:!>:hibition in settling the position of the Dominion, once for all, in the eyes of the Mcthcr Country, and the alarm which regards her, juttly or otherwise, as a probable competitor with England, proves her to be a desirable home tor those wboy in seeking more room ior their energies, do not wish to abaudon the comforts of civilization. But whatever feelings of this nature the achievements of the Colonies might give rise to, did not in the least interfere with the generous kindness with which their re presentatives were 'welcomed on every hand. The royalty, the rank and splendour, th ' Manchester, tl Lord Mayor of London, }>, d Napier of Magdala, S '^?<*>: .umsden, and ma| other persons distinguished ' arious departments of civ —v. military life. Un(j the; men Wit tbey Thr« SngU T gather assurec having ®»pre88 press In staff by V sometime of the Bxl 'Meetings i ^'onefits of ^ioso exei I must firoodness of C'anadiar, soi wliiioflerfi< those engage «h® visited t S^aoiona mam ^'•0 otmo ®«Penditure h ®*penditure mi oonts and „„„. '"""O"* noniber J~^^''''''======r-^ ^»*<«.d. *'"""■'■ •""> -»<.«..•,, ^,t2 <;» -./.he,. .^„: t ;„t ™" "^ '^- "•ff "r Whoa. Th"""" *«««.( „l "'"^""'JI'IflBk --« -wo„., ;:;-«» ..„^^^^^^^^ ''°"'«<»di«.«„„,_ Wt- r ■■TB^iEdS'SSte6iaisi^a»*4W3»»ii>«(«4ri*^^ .^i..^ 73 AF»'i;3fl)lX No. I. EBPOKT UPON DRAWING OFCANADIAJ^ WILD FLOWERS. (By J. E. HoDosuN, Esq., R.A) Dbau Sir Ciiaui.em, — I liiive looked oiirefully over tlio druvviii<,'H of Canailiun wild II0W0I8 wliiili }uu havo huiil mo. Thoyuio oxl.retiK'l)' ii,U;VLRliiig and well cxeoutod, ecpucially ihoHol'j Muriu IH< 010, the jjiLe Men. ilcU'i-. Aljiny of lUt' piiiuls mi.- fuiniliuf a« ^'(>wiriL; in our iud^^'Ciow.s ;ind f^aidfiis ; tho latlor lilacs, owuig no doul)! to tlu' ell" ct (/(\iiliiv;iti<)n, ii|>i>t»ai' small in Iho drawini,'^. Tho uuifory f^ardiii'T acci'plK cxjihhho of jtolul hh llio only Kt.i!,.i:i!il of flirul bonuiy, a mitituktn idea in which L do not piOi-OKj (.0 follow hiai. AJany of IhoHo dravvin/^'s httvo an improsa of tiiith ahout ihcni, tho /.Towth and liabit of tho plant in woll indi- cuted, thougii tiio eviloiir, jiidy;i;;i,' :a lou-t by Hiioh li>'Vt)!r< u.s I :i!ii a'-ipiainlid with, setms to want lirhi csH iiiid di:ci >ion. In Kotno la-os v;)iy inlori-if n|tvciin()n- li.'ivo biMn choi>on, as for inf>tuuc«, iho '* Jli'lomuiu Auluinn.ilo," by !yLa. Alhort Cf. Uili, which hardly docs justice to ilr* siurlilco bounty. Tho iahkth6.so U.dyaiii.stH hnvo lindort dcon is an oxtremoly fusrtinatiug ouo, and 1 would oncourego ihom to pt>r.-^os Oi'o, nn ihu poot sayci : " Fnll nnu y '1 II .wtr is born 10 lili.sh u'.iPicn, AuJ White Ua livf^iivuco on tLe Jestri air." y<>*''Atid it in not only ."I trihnto of pi-ui-'O to tho (yi-oitor of thoso bja itifiu ihini^^ h i'. even mo lik c au act ot uuivci >;il jii.ili'io (.(•t.a.->iitn .liy to draw ;.tt;iibioa to {.ao luodost ritis and tho lowly chui ins vvhicli o-capw tho nolico ot tiio proa i and v lious. 1 wibh thotas-k could ho hrou:.;ht t,o anyihini; hko coinplulion, whi< 1 , [ buppohC, impost-iblo, ovoii in a very limiied area. Tlieie aro thoufandsol' lovt iy lormHarnoiij^i-t the Mniailcr phiutu, sue' an tho huxifiaL'OM, tho mo.s-cp', and cv. n ih^) liohcns, which would look b^-uitiful ou pujuir. if 1 inij^ht voni no on u word 'f advioo, it would bo to jiut ji ultlo Io-h laboar into tho work. Theio it a ntnise of fiineti.s which 0U''ht to esiabli.-h a relation bt'twcoo tho exocutiou and iho imoortanc.) I tif the Kulijec;, aiid by (^iviiiLC to 'ho litilo thin;.;.-* of nuiuu; '>ho tini.sh of a m iniuiuio, we muko iheni doubly .smail without ino.o.i-in^'- thoir bo.iaty. i!ii\i I'-na, tbocoloji", tho f:;ruc J ol thoir foliage, coristituie tho boaaiy of plants. Tho moo nimjiiy at>l unaifoctcdiy thoKO siro londerod, liiu noaror do wo api>ro.iob tho u'i.>Mt(illation, inolt'dlii jd-^v'tHH tm.* and trophies I'jt4inuritliiig £. ■ •]. FioiKht — Do(ilc. L) Rxhihition 1,400 li) a (io Kx!jil)ilion to D'K'ks 61)5 U) 4 do Sundry, includiriir freight of ox- fa i bits It om Anlwoi|) H78 13 I X. 8. (1. 2.05J 5 H Storngo of empty cuHes Staff, from Ciiimdu H.HS 16 do clorki!), &c l.'.'Oi 1 2,H74 13 8 £31) 0' 5 Wiig of {'urotukorH, &•.... Piimiii^ and Ml^itumoiy. iiiohidii .^ catulogiu). h"-Mil of additional buildir^s ro'iuired l\u)tograplm of court Posta^cH Show ca-tcH Office fiitinL^s , Signwriiiiif^ incuruiico..., P'ibgH OusioinH' (iiitie-t a'lviiiicbii* Ice lar icfrij/ctatioii ... — Bntanicul exiiiliit MiHcellanoouH aicountt^ Pt'tty dihburi-omfniH Travellii g I Xiieudoti .. .. 4,377 1,72 1 i,a«i 7W:,' 71 177 3i; f» (J 4 1(14 Iftfl 18 5 17 ;) ii 7 IG 4 18 1-^ 17 Tt H 17 ]■-< U 2 « 5 r, (» u 4 d .'» t> H >> (I I £'4 171 1J 5 ♦Ta,i amount hts beea rJumli i ani Ji i>j-ittd lo th> credit of the Reieiver-Qtaoral.