IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 4 ^ '.^i^4^. <^<;^A^ -'o /- & ^ 1.0 Uil^S |2.5 1^ 1^ 12.2 t ■- IIIIIM III I.I iiil 1.25 |l.4 (,.6 6" ^ ^ V] /) A /S /;^ y ilk.' Sciences Corporation 23 WBST MAIN STRUT WEBSTER, N.Y. MS80 (716) 872-4503 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques I Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. 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Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la derniire image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole ^»> signifie "A SUiVRE ", le symbole V signifie "F!N". Meps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as meny frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre fiimis A des taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, ii est filmA A partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants iilustrent la mAthoda. rata > elure, A 3 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 M2 7S-n^ 97} -1 31 T\iQ Swiss and Piedmontese on ^' Red River.* l!v Rev. Dh. Uuyci;. EAHfiY twi'iity years aj,'o the writer hiul ociasioii tit stop _^ liver (111 his joui'iiey throuf(h Miniiesotii nt Urockenridue, a small town (111 the Red River, which was f(ir a time th(; terminus (if the railway by which travellers came to ^[amtoha. Spending Ihc night at this place lie fell into con- versation with uii American settler, who de hired himself to lie the descendant of one of the former Swiss n'sidents of Red Uiver. This allusioii led the writer to investij^jate the mailer, and now tlie facts are heiiig recover(Ml of a f(jrmer consider alile K'ttlement from SwitziM-land and Piedmont, near wiiere Winnipeg now stands. Of this colony there is scar."f>ly ii trace remaining except in the booKS, a list of which is given lielow. The last of these, published during L'^'Jl, is a i.'osi interesting account by a Swiss womai,, Mrs. Adams, of h •journey and that of her countrymen, in 1821, from Switzer land to the then inhospitable banks of the Red River. Hut even before these Switzers, there had come to Red lliver. as escort to Lord Selkirk, in 1816, a band of military settlers. These had lieen given holdings nn what is now the St. Boniface side of Red River. Many of them spoke German, Mimrnal fi' Uiv. .lolm Wost (l.oiidon) IS24. The Kill Hivir Sittliiiii'iit In Aluxaiulur Koss(I,oii rl(in) liM. , .... ItriM'huics of the .Manitoliii llisto'icul SotuM.v, «inin M.iiiitotm -. Infnncv. Orowth, etc., In- llie writer (I.mi "Kn'riv ' Diivs ,nl Hi'l River Settleineiit. Miniiesotn Mi8lorii-al S»i-ietv (St. I'u.il), I8i)1 / \ 48 The Manitoban. and on tliis account the little river Seine, whicli empties iii*o Red Kiver opposite Point Douglas, whs long known na tier- man Civek The name St. Boniface it- self, is that of Winifivd or Boniface, the German apostle end patron saint, and commemorates this early Gcrmun-spe ik- ing people. It is needless to go into the story of the Bed River troubles of 1814- 16. It has been often told. But in the last named year, Lord Selkirk, coming to tl;e Northwest to help his struggling colony, brought with him, up the Cana- dian lakes, about one hundred men, who had been among the mercenaries engag-d by Britain to ti;ht in the war of 1812-1.") in d'-fence of Canada against the United Sta'es. These men were of the class spoken of so tenderly by Wordsworth : — "That item yet kindly spirit who contiains The Savoyard to (|uic his naked rojks, Tiie free born Swiaa to leavu his narrow val«s." At the close of the war of 18 IG these foreign regiments had been di.sbanded, and eighty men of the corps called afier their colonel, the "'De Meuron regiment,' were taken from Montreal, and twenty men of the Do Wattevi le regiment from King- ston, and these under their four officers, Crtptains D'Orsonneus and Matthey, and Lieutenants Fanche and Grart'enreith found their way up to Lake Superior. After having encamped for a t me near Fort William, at a locality still kn >wn as "Point De Meuron," thfy pushed on, and coining in the winter of 181G-17 by way of Lake of the Woods, crossed the coun- try to Pembina, and de-cendin.{ the R^d River, captured Fort Douglas on the site of the Winnipeg of to day. Their settle- ment by Lord S Ikirk took place shorily afterwwrd. Among these colonists tht^re ■were no women, and the lonely bachelors of German Creek were disconsolate in th ir new homes. Being old .soldiers they weie turbulent, and Sheriff Ross is somewhat severe in referring to their seltishness and discontent. They made but little progress, though in 1818, the nriest Joseph Norbert Provencher, aft Awards fir t Roman Catholic Bishop on v.ie Red River, arrived from Lower Canada to minister to them, most of them being Roman Catholics. In the year 1821, there came to the Ij^inks of Red River, a somewhat remark- able stream of Swiss immigration. This was also begun under the direction of Lord {Selkirk. As anxious to fill up the vacant lands of his Assiniboia, as a government agent of to-day to induce settlers to come to Manitoba, Lord Sel- kirk seized hold of one of the officers of the disbanded De Wattevdle regiment. Col. Rudolphe May, and dispatched him to his native Switz-rland to bring out colonists. Col. May wa^ a native of Berne, and on his return to his own land, scat ered wide'y French and German copies of a somewhat highly-colored pros- pectus of the attractions of Red River. His efforts were successful, and a band of Swiss, all P'Otestants, but of whomalK>ut three-tiunrters were French-speaking, enrolled them.selves as colonists. Mrs. Adams tells us that the party to the number of one hundred and si.\ty-five assembled at a village nea'' Basle, a Swiss town on the Rhine, May 3rd, 1821. On the 30th of the same month the emi- grants, having come down the Rhine, sailed from the Dutch seaport of Dort, in the British ship "Lord Wellin,'tf>n." The sea voyage was tedious, extending over nearly four month«, and the weary settlers landed at York factory, on Hud- son's Bay, about August 27th. Tlie journey from Hudson's Bay to Red River, made in York boats, was tiresome and dangorou-*, and the worn out colonists landed at their future home, which was wild and unattractive enongh, about the end of Octol)er, The arrival of the Swiss made a great stir in the Selkirk Colony. Tlipy did not arouse the opposition, that the Dh Meurons had met. Though Sheriff Ro.s8 speaks of their unsuitabiliry as immigrants, they having been " watch and clock makers, pastry cooks, musi- cians," and the like yet he approvingly says, " As to character th'-y must have proved ?.n acquisition to any community, being a fjuiet, orderly and moral people, remarkable withal for the numl)er of handsome young people, both ladu and lasses among them." Rev. John West narrates very graphically the circumstan- ces of the raid made by the lonely n.j Meuron's settlera upon the attractive Swiss girls on their arrival. She'"- • ■•■« at once given to the Swiss fai^ " h contained band"- >se The Manitoban. 49 not i.0 blesaod weio compellt'd to pitch tents for theiii8< Ives outside the fort, uiid to suffer the rigors of the winter The chppiaiii was busy : the De JMeuroii '>at- uheiors and the Swiss girls married in hot ha^te ; and Mrs. Adunis suyf, "I saw an aniusin<; incident during this matrimonial fair. An eager De Meuron seizen a wo- man by tlie hand, oaying "T want to marry you " but was much disappointed wlif-n she told him, "1 have a iiusband." It is not easy for us now to race all the names of ih;s De .Meuron and Swiss imuiigrution, but from various sources we have recovered the fo'lowing names frotr this body, which in all contained about t'.vo hundred and fifty jjersoiis : Schei- decker (Mrs. Adani's lUHiden name), Fer- ret, Rondo, Gervais, Massie, Chettaiii, Bender, Laprevo, (juiluby, IJendowitz, Kialic, Wassoiiosky, llhe, Janko^ky, VVacliter, Lassota, Liidece, Wuruklur, Krusel, Jolicoeur, Miiquette, Leloiiflf Schmidt. Mrs Adams says that the dithjultiesof settlement at this time were increased l>y the visitation of the Red River by gruss- hoppers, but Ross declares that the grass- hoppers had all disap, e.ired in 1821. However this nriy be, it is certain that the Swi.«s settlers liecame thoroughly dis- couraged It is .said that even in the year of their arrival five Swiss families deserted the settlement, and went south to the Mississippi. Others left two years afterwards, and found homes in the West ern States. It remained for the great flood of 182G to convince these settlers, who had little attatchment to British in- stitutions, that they could not make Sel- kirk colony their home. The whole De Meuron and Swiss body, numbering two hundred and forty three persons, departed for the United States June 24tli, Ifili. Sherifl' Ro>^s assumes the aggressive when he speaks of them as follows : "This party, now on the wing to be off, were joined by every idler and other persons averse to Red River; and so little was their further residence in the colony desired, that food and other necessaries were furnished to them gratia by the Compa.iy, with the view of hastening their departure." With this Parting word we may leave the turbui'',^' ■♦Idiers and the timid Swiss, who foulid ,< iahabitay* th«- neighbor- hood of what is now a flourishing city of some thirty thousand souls. Tluir des- cendants are scittered over the Western States, one of the Swiss having become a general in the American army. Evident- ly this elenent reached the banks of the Red River more than half a century too soon. Two Wfiite Roses. ^ treasurers boundless. IIV I). L. DALTON. ARIS is a rich city, and proud of its riches. It has heaps of gold, Ri'd a givat abundance of rubies and diamonds. Its are countless, its luxuries Its widespread mantle wants but one vning to complete its splendour, and M.at is — flowers. It svould hardly be believed thac there is a sea-city of flowers in Paris, but it is t'-ue nevertheless. It has fewer flowers than precious stones. That queen of the world could more easily encircle her brow with bril- liants and iemeralds than with daisies and orange bicpsinns. To be sure there is a flower niajrket in this opulent city, where the ladie^ of the nobility procure their elegant Ciimelias. The botanist gops there for his raise tulip, and the grisette to jiluck a swoet-sce'nted gilly-flower. But these flowers, like many other Parisian produc- tions have out a fictitious existence, they are teuiporarily supported by the artificial heat introduced into the pots, but soon droop and fade away. The purchaser, who thought he possessed a living and healthful bloom, finds, upor. his return home that he is the owner of a sickly faded flower — a tit emblem of the fleeting pleas- ures of the world. It shouh be added, for the credit of Paris, that there are also several magniflcent temples dedicated to Flora. In some of the nn: st magniti- cent streets of the city may be seen splen- did stores, kept by beautiful and bewitch- ing young ladif s, in which there are hand- some miniature alters erected 4o this god- dess. There you will find the budding rose, whose tints reseml>le8 the>iirst blush of a modest maiden ; the lily, e\nbiem of purity, with its golden petals and alabas- ter cups, the moss rose, the favorite