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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmis en commen^ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboies suivants apparattra sur la dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole -*• signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "Fiiy ". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre fiimia d des taux de rMuction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul cliche, 11 dst film* d partir de Tangle supirieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en i»as. en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent ia m6thode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ,s g cl ^9 i^) 1 PROSPECTUS AND ORGANISATION OF TIIIC Transltited from the French, by Mr. M. T.8TE.\«OX, a pupil of that school. QUEBEC : PRINTED BY J. T. BllOUSSEAU, 7, BUADE .STREET. 1860. ST. ANN'S AGE.ICULT11RAL I SCHOOL. ./7V«j _ _ . Hfir\i=s^4 PROSPECTUS OF THE ST. ANN'S AGEICIILTUML SOECOOL.* OBJECT or THE INSTITUTION. The object in view in founding this school is the training of the sons of land-owners, destined, on a future day to become farmers on their own account, to the practice of good farming (a). (a) The institutions of this kind in Prance, known as Fermea-Ecole^^ (Shool-Farms,) are intended, but to train " rural helps^ farm clerks or ser- '* vants, foreman, managers, head- workers or head-stablemen," The decree of 1848, which created them, extends their sphere of action no further. If any of th^m dare betimes to overstep it, in order to place themselves on a level witii the wants of their locality, they always do it in a hidden under- hand manner. In Canada there should be something more than rxiral helps and/«rm servants, for in this Country the nine-tenths of the fanners' sons are destined to cultivate the paternal inheritance. The agricultural education should then tend to make farmers capable of choosing their own plan of cultivation, and of personally conducting all its labours. The word ' Ferme- Ecole,^^ if it is ever introduced into the system of Agricultural teaching which will without doubt soon take its place in our programme of public teaching, should have a more extensive signification than it has in France. Our Canadian ' Fermes-Eeoles' compared with the French * Fermes-Ecoles' should be what in France, the superior preparatory schools are to the elementary preparatory schools. The state of rural property in France is far different from that of Canadian property. With us the laws of substitutions and the power, which the parents possess, of disposing of the whole of their property as they think proper, tend to conserve the inheritances in'their primitive integrity. And when those are subdivided, each fraction always remains of sufficient extent to allow of firstrate or at leabt 2nd class farming. In France on the contrary the law allows to land-owners the power of disposing of but one child's part ; the rest of the inheritance has to be divided in equal shares to each of the remaining children. From this there results quite a system of parcelling out of the property which often reduces to a few square feet the part of each child. It is easily understood that such gi-eat difierences in the econo- mical constitution of the land property of these two countries, demands con- siderable modification in the anplication of the french method of teach Canada. ••3 "'<■ * Translated, from the French, by Mr. M. T. Stenson, a pupil of thatschooL — 2 — In this school is taught (in French) every branch of knowledge QGcossary to the farmer j tillage is the indispensable complement of this instruction, and furnishes it with the greatest possible number of applications and examples j thus practice and theory progress toge- ther. But as this should bo a model culture it should always afford profits and never accept aid. The aid allowed to an agricultural Insti- tution should always be applied to the instruction, to some special expenses in first getting extablished, and to new experiments, but on no account to the ordinary labours of tillage ; for when tillage is well carried out, it should, at least, pay its own expenses. DEGREE or THE SCHOOL. This school is of the second degree, holding its place between the schools of superior or normal degree, where those destined to become teachers of Agriculture receive their education, and the schools of first degree, or simple preparatory schools in which the only instruction given is the lecture of a few works on Agriculture, adapted to the intelli- gence of the children, without as yet entering into any of the details of cultivation. To this school, a p/cparatory class, or school of the first degree, wiil be attached hereafter for those scholars who might present themselves without possessing a sufficient knowledge of reading and writing. CONDITIONS OP ADMISSION. To be admitted the aspirant must 1° present the best testimonies of morality and good character ; 2° be at least 16 years old ; 3° be able to read and write the French language according to its rules ; he must also have knowledge of the 4 first rules of arithmetic, simple and com- pound, of Fractions and the Kule of Three. The condition respecting the testimonies of morality and good character is rigorous and will be dispensed with no account whatsoever. DURATION or THE STUDIES. The course of studies is of two years, on condition that the scholar& on entering have a sufficient knowledge of the French language and arithmetic ; otherwise they must expect to be obliged to make a third years study. The scholastic year begins on the first of September. TEACHING. The teaching is Theoretical and Practical. The Theoretical teaching combines, along with religious instruc- tion, the French language, arithmetic, the elements of geometry, ideas of land surveying, of rural law and Agricultural entomology, of the general principles of Agriculture, of Common botany, of Agricultural physics and chemistry, of the veterinary art, of the culture of fruit trees and horticulture, of Agricultural book-keeping, and in general of all that helps in the good management of a farm. The parts of instruction relating to the hygiene of "cattle, to the simplest method of caring them, to slight operations, to the knowledge of their age tind exterior are confided to a veterinary professor. Notes are taken by the scholars on the oral courses, as also on the ex- planations f^iven by tho head-workman during the works, copied then into their copy books, and corrected by the Director or Professor. 8 — For practical instruction a farm of 145 ocres is attached to tlio school. This instruction comprises, the employment and management of tools, implements, vehicles and machines. The organisation and execution of the principal operations of Agriculture, ploughing, sowing, haymaking, harvesting, taking up of root crops, all kinds of care to bo taken of cattle, land surveying, drawing of plans and land levelling, the cubage of solids, the guaging of waters, the analysis of earth, etc. The explanations and demonstrations on the working and proceedings are given as much as possible in the field in which the work is done, in the workshop, the stables, the cowhouse, etc. A head-gardener explains to the scholars and makes them execute the divers operations relating to horticulture, to the nurseries, to the pruning and grafting of trees, etc. Besides the regularly cultivated farm a field of sufficient extent is devoted exclusively to new experiments in tillage, to the trial of implements or the acclimation of new and useful plants j this is a field of study, a small elementary farm, where we will try by divers plans and experiments to ascertain new Agricultural facts which may be of some importance to our country. There will be an account given of these experiments. MANUrACTURE OF FARMING IMPLEMENTS. The practical instruction is completed in the workshop attached to the school, for those among the scholars who have a taste for Agricul- tural mechanics. They will there learn to make everything that an ingenious farmer likes to make with his own hands. This workshop will offer models of the improved agricultural implements, to the farmers, and to the scholars the means of applying the theories of construction. THE FARM. The cultivation and general keeping of the farm are in conformity with the teaching of the classes. The only lands which the Col- lege can place at the disposal of the school, form 145 acres in super- ficies; which represent an ordinary farm of d} acres by 40. The Cor- poration regret very much not having the means of enlarging this domain Avhich is rather small for all the experiments necessary to a complete course of Agricultural instruction such as they would wish to give. With one of its extremities touching on the Grand Trunk Rail- way Station and the other on the St. Lawrence River, the farm is di- vided into two parts of about an equal size, by the beautiful hillock oa which St. Ann's College is built. Three large public roads by which it is crossed in different directions render each of its parts per- fectly accessible to visitors. Thus we may say that it is like a book always open from Avhich the least enlightened farmers may read with their own eyes, the result and advantages of an improved tillage. SCHOLARS. The scholars take their meals in the neighborhood of the school, at houses approved of by the Director. They are allowed but the time strictly necessary for that. All the remainder of their time is passed in the school, on the farm or in the workshop, under a proper guardian- ship. They sleep in the school. It is but under very peculiar circum- stances that permission will be allowed them to sleep at their boarding _-.4 — honse. As ttey aro destined to a country life the arrangement of their daily actions is made in such a manner as to accustom them as much as possible to rural habits. , . , , All without distinction of family or fortune take their share, accord- ing to their strength, in the labours on the farm. For the present no uniform is requisite, it is however desirable that each scholar phould h ive a black coat to wear on Sundays and holidays. Common working clothes aro necessary, and also two pairs of sheets, and napkins. PRICE AND MANNER OF PAYMENT. $24 per year, payable in advance, the first half to bo paid on enter- in ^^^^^ p*- moment this institution possesses all the necessary elements for a '# t. begini factory prude I thems in ace from organ develt convii of th preci] Al kept and i will cours will SI D 5 on f X. • «5„« But aa it is from time and experience alone that, the satiB- of the establishment, than to compromise its success py wTbe, as heretofore, of nine or ten years duration. By order of the Corporation, F. PILOTE, Prst., Superior of the College. St. Ann's College, 1 December 4, 1859. } i - ST. ANN'S AGHIGULTuRAL SCHOOL. oiiaA.]sri8A.Tiojsr. SECTION I. OENERAL AURAN0EMENT8. r«ofn^"J'~?\°^A'A°"X Agricultural School is conducted by a Di rector named by the mterior Corporation of St. Ann's Colli ^ «nll f T- ? "'■,'.^°g««'ODt ot- the courses and the division of tlio A I' 4'~T f "^ ''.""^ ''^"'■^ fi'^«" i° the school. School. P'"'*''"^ instruction in tillage is attached to the Art. 6.— A primary elementary school, or school of the first dcfrroo inay be attached to the principal one, foJ those scholar! who ma^^^^^^^ SECTION II. INSTRUCTION. »w"^^'J*rT^f instruction is of the second degree, being placed be tween that of the schools of superior or normal degree, for^he speehl" instnic ion of teachers of Agriculture, and that of^rimary or simple elementary schools m which the only instruction given is^he lecZe of a few works on Agriculture, becoming the ability of the chSn without as yet entering on any of the details of tillage. ' Art. 8.-The length of the studies is two yearsf a third year will ml7ZV::2Zt^li'^ '-''-'' theWfications sSdt mr^lf!^r~if''''f language-arithmetic-elements of geometry- ^Z.f^. nf f -^ ''\^'-:^^'^' of land surveying and laSd leveliin<. -elements of physics chemistry and botany, as far as they concern apiculture and horticulture-general principles of tillage andTor " culture-manual practice of agriculture and horticulture-princip es of the construction of agricultural implements most generally used in the Bhop attached to the school-ploughing, sowing, ha^aldni w'es^in. taking up of root crops-all kinds of treatment to be given to clttle. "' •n•?'T^/'"';~■^^^^^'^^"'^l law-rural constructions (farm buildinjrs roads, bridges, fences)-shape or form, hygiene, raising and fattenS the domes ic animals-agricultural book keeping-continuation of fhe general principles of agriculture and horticultL-agriculturaT entoml f ^* *•». * tl ii w w tl f i* ^•1 ■* — 7 - Ar ' }J-~^''vr ^^''"' instruction is givni .luring both years. Art 12 A i,br„,y ooraposcd of chosen works, is at tho scholars' cl.jposal A hhmnar .n,nccl by tho Director, giv'cs ou o I o o who call for hoin,sucli bo.:.s or n,o,uurnn,lu.ns as th.y roquiro TirBoho lars arc held accountable for tho works which arc\>utrustcd to them SECTION 111. STAFF AND TTS FUNCTIONS. Jt!l-^^:!:f2'::fJ'' "■"«''°<" '» --^ ^y '"o corporation A Director-Professor. A Professor of Apjviculturo. An Assistant-Professor. A Master of discipline. A Head-Workman. A llead-Cardcncr. A Sapcrintcndant of tlio difforont departments of the farm liflvTl ''^ ^^'','^.'''T "°'^ ^^'' butter making are ontrustcd. Lastly, those employed in tho interior service of tho school. § 1st. — Concerning the Director. q.W l^-77'^\^ I>Ii*ector is charged with having tho rules of the Schoo s rictly observed. lie exercises daily scrutiny on tho teaching 2nt ftfof "P"^^l*^"r™' P^^P"^- tabionor lo ploy' men of the time, sees that the programme and rules concerning? thn fnf t^VpLt""'' ^'^^ ^"P"^'"*^^'^ '''^ IBook-keeping'ortie S?hS Art. 15.— The Director has the guidance of tho Primirv Rnlmnl in connection with the principal one, in as far as th Agd uSf L^^^^^^^^^ tions to be given in this School are concerned ""'"^^'''^^ '°'*'"°- fT,A'Ji' ^h~'^r'' '^f'o^^P ^^« «"^Ject to the Director, and so are all ^he other functionaries m as far as they have inter'courso wi^ tho tiofand'lhiSSxtroor " '^''''''^ ^^^^^^^ ''^^ ^-p- Art. 18.-The Director is obliged to keep a Register in which cverv- thing concerning the instruction, disciplino^nd administrit on of the School IS entered, daily or at least weekly. non^v l*'^--?-^^^^ l]i'-«f''rf\obi;ged to send a detailed Report, on tho condition of tho School and Farm, every year, to the Corporation § '2nd. -^Concerning the Teachers. Art. 20..^The Teachers can neither change the courses nor modify included' ''°'°''' permission from tho Corporation, the Director Art 21.-Each lesson is, at least, of one hour's duration. Teachers wilj place under the Scholars' eyes, as much as possible, the objects which form the subject of the lesson. ^ , t-ui^ uiyecis ^.^'^--^'-^''^^V^^.^^^iboUho lessons, the Teachers should satisfy themselves, by questions, which are made at lerrst once u week, thlt >_8 — Art. 23.— iho -^'^ 3 „ v^Ur accordmff to Lia merits, in tho ^f *^ ?\f irV?Bory" to dcTde the pri.es .t the end of the year. the^rhclom^Thcy^Bem^^^^ there is a written eomposition on ono « more lr.nehej ^f '^^^^j-^— ^ t„ „ako out and sign a Report 'trfS scholars have no lesso^^^^^^ n„.es during the lesson » t^JP. f^" "/-JS "ed for that purpose. ^^g^rrr Tho:topVt:i.:tralways eorreeted by the Sttr' Ih^^'yogrrSs^; aLov.d of, with or without changes, by th; Corporation, the »''f .X "ne-intendence of his class and is ollted t-TetoH ^Z^ '^^'^^ 0^ ■"'» ^^•»'-' - the Director. '" t'Vr-tl?ivTs't°Direort account, every evening, of what has taken place during the course of the d.vy. § iih.—Concenincj tlie head garikiier. A rt SO -The head ff.rdoner, according to the orders of the Dircetor orthMdJof hortic'ulture, gives all the explanations necessary to "^V^T' 33 -Tht gt^±t;\.Ss'all'^;Us necessary for the instruc tion of the seholail, in hortio'ulturo, pot-herbs and the nursery. I ilh.— Concerning tlie head farmer. M. 34,-The head farmer has charge of the direction of the agri- IrSrotwofetrjl fpr^S^a/r/rkiona, explanation on .11 the worka done under bis direction. .-0 — Art. 3^— The scholars owe obedience to the head farmer in all that concerns the material erenvMoa of farm labours. ' § Q.-Concerninr^ the mpermtenclcnt of the cVfferem department of the /arm labours (a). Art. Sr.—This officer has the superintendence of all the farming im- piments and cares given to the cattle by the servants, espec a[ly fo^r tl to the book-keeper, all the necessary instructions in his line. SECTION IV. EXAMINATIONS. tliiVl ^S—At the close of the classes, each year, at the end of July itttt^ght t^i^r''"" ^^^"^^^'^^^^ °" ^^^ ^'^ '^ 'rd vear's studP, ^^^^j^Jge *« qualify them for admission to the se- cona year s studies or to deserve a certificate of aptness at the end of cLlaron^'r f ' fl'""^ '^' ^'^''''^ ^^«^« a^lassificatbn of the scholars, on the notes of the examination compared with those of the knoTledt'l'o'-' ""^ '* *^f '"^ '^ ;^^ ^''^ ^''' ^' °°* P«««e«s sufficient Joiowledge to enter on the second year's studies, will have either to recommence the first year's studies or leave the school. ' in nresenp;"^? .L'"'-"'"'"^*^^^ ^^ *^^ *«««^ers of the school, m presence of the superior and all the other members of the College A Tf' SfuP'^^^"*- ^^^^ P"bJ^« ^^y be admitted ^ ' dettnl',-!^ 1'"^"''''^^?"^*^ ^""^ ^""^^^^ o^ttose examinations are ?oii:gT?n 'corcih '"^°"''^ '' ^'^ ^^^"^^^-^ ^^ ^^^ «"P-- «f *^« SECTION V. ON PRACTICAL LABOURS. +i..^t f ^■7''^^%^l' "" '^^.''T '*'''''^'® ^^^^'^ ^a« for its object the prac tical instruction of the scholars, and in which they, each in turn, trke arrtntfthVA^r ^ mT^'' ^^ ''^"^''' "'' "* *^^ «^^« ^^'^> i* is so fn nr£ fi •. ! .r^^ ^ '"^f '°^""S *'^^ number who under tand it, a1 U '"Lt^^te jbe others who may not be acquainted with it. ' nJn . ; T/ , *** the regularly cultivated farm, afieldofsuffi- ZlJ^hT/-'^ / ?"'r'' ^' ^'P*' exclusively, for new experiments in *i!,.! ' rnV n- ""^ '"^1^^^^^^^^ "r the acclimation of new and useful mttt to^he cir;o "ti^n" ^"^ ' '^^^"^' """^^ °^ ^^^ *^- -P-- «,Wo'l^"""^i''' P'^'*,''''' instruction is completed in the workshop or Jhnl nf r^ 1 '^'"'^"^'•f^ implements, attached to the School, for tlioseof the scholars who have a taste for agricultural mechanics. (a) This officer's place, might in a case of necessity, be filled bv the head Zconege.'' ^ ^^' '^ ^"'' '"''"'• ^''' "* ®'* ^"'^ ^^ fuSa other duties to W^ — 10 SECTION VI. BO OK.-KEEP I N a . Art 45 — Thore is a regular account kept of the tillage of tlie farm attached to the School, which servos for the scholars' instruction. Art 46.— The teacher of book-keeping has to keep the farm accounts, which are submitted to the Corporation as often as that body may Art. 47.— In order to give the scholars an idea of book-keeping one of thorn is obliged, under the teachers supervision to makeout, once a month, the result of each part of the service, its cost, and its jDroduce. Art 48 —There are separate books kept for the school and the tarm. Art' 49 —In the month of October of each year the Director makes out and submits to the Corporation, an account of the expenses and re- ceipts of the preceding year. This account comprises : 1st. In receipts, a. The last year's deposit, h. The government allowance, c. The product of the purses, if there be any, , d. The money received from the scholars for the expenses ot their instruction, , • ^ i e. The product of the sale of the implements made in the work- shop. 2nd. In expenses, a. The staff expenses, . , . , . ^ , h. The purchase of books, maps, collections and other objects usea for the instruction of the scholars, c. The expenses incurred in the manufacturing of the farm imple- ments, d. The sundry expenses. SECTION VII. INTERIOR REGULATION. § \st. — General arranfjements. Art. 50.— To be admitted, the aspirant must : 1° present the best testimonials of morality and good character ; 2° be able to read and write the french language according to its rules, know the tuur lirst rules of arithmetic, si:..ple and compound. Fractions, and the Kule ot • Three ; 3° be at least 16 years old. ^ . . ,. Art. 51.— The scholars lu-ve to pay ^ per year; for instruction, the use of the library, of agricultural tools and luiplcmonts, with the bed complete, excepting sheets, napkins and other toilet articles which as well as board are at the parents' expense. , . . ,4 Art. 52.— Books, paper and other articles of that description are sold, at the parents' request, at Quebec prices. , ,,, .. 1 Art 53.— On entering the School each scholar should be provided with a wardrobe suitable to the regulations of the interior of the esca- blishment. . , „ ^^ Art 54— There are two vacations given each year, one, trona Christmas to twelfth day, inclusively, the other from the 1st to 81st of • August. 4*- -» ♦■ t i 4» 'f •» ♦■ t i — 11 — Art. 65.— The scholastic year begins on the first of Soptcmbcr. Art. 56.— The scholars take their mcalf? out of the School, in houses approved of by the Director. They are allowed but the time strictly necesaavy for that purpose. The remtiiuder of thoir time is spent in the School, on the farm or in the workshop attached to the School. They Bleep in the school house. Art. 57.— Every one without distinction of family or fortune takes part according to his strength in Uie farm labours. Art. 58. — The Scholars' time is divided between study and the practical labors, viz : in summer, (5 hours of study and lessons, 7 hours of manual labour. This arrangement may be modified on certain occasions, according to the state of the weather. § 2nd. — Parses. Art. 59.— The purses destined to the School will be appropriated to the use of those Scholars who, not having the moans of defraying the expenses of their board or their instruction, will have given sufficient proof of their ability at the examination for admission, or at the general examination. Art. GO. The purses are divisable into fracti^ms of purses, unless arranged otherwise by the founders. Art. 61.— The division of these purses is made by the Corporation on the proposition of the Director of the School, and according to the classification made in conformity with the article 88, above mentioned. Art. 62.— If a Scholar appear by his conduct, unworthy of being allowed a purse or a fraction of a purse, the Director informs the Superior's Council of it, and they decide finally. By order of the Corporation, F. PILOTJi, Prst., Superior of tlio College. St. Ann's College, ^ '^ Deer. 4, 1859. 1 We approve of the present regulations of tho St. Ann's Agricultural School. ^ Given at the Archbishopric of Quebec, on this the 11th day of December, 1859. "^ t C. F. Bishop or Tloa. It is but two months since this School has been opened. On the 10th of October last the inauguration took place. The following is the account given of that imposing ceremony, by a correspondent of the Vourrier du Canada, published a few days after : " It is to procure to cir beautiful plains the precious advantages of the practical study of an improved tillage, that the Corporation of St. Ann's LoUegehas cstabhshod an Agricultural School, to which a model farm is attached. Ihis farm is but one year in operation and gives already the assurance of the greatest success. " On moiiday last, (10th October,) the citizens of St. Ann's assisted in crowds at an imposing soleirn.ify. His Lordship, the Bishop of Tloa, has been pleased, in person, to bles;;, in the name of Religion, the edifice destined lor tho education of our young farmers. "*. — 12 — " After mass,— celebrated by his Lordship,— the Rcvd. Mossiro E Quer- tior made a speech m which the eminent qualities of tlie orator shone with all thi> brilhancy of the sublime inspiratioua of the love of Reli-non and Country. = '"'^ " N.)bi]ity of labor in its origin and its end: it has been instituted bv God huBself who on intiudut-inf; nia-i into thj p;u';u!i.st' of pleasure, told him " to dress it and to keep it." " P. .suit t-tnn in pm aciiso voluptatis ut operarehir et cuRtodiret !}lum." (Geneses, 11, 15.) linly and noble gn-rdianship, vvhi.-h is a glory to man and a sign of his autho:itv, e(/en amidst the pains of exnia- tion as Monseigneur Landriot, Bishop of Larocholle, has arid ! Ao'nculture 13 the most useful not to say the oidy one neoessarv of all tiie arts*^Relioion and fiduoation sanctify and ennoble the rude occupations of the farmer Such are the prmcipal ideas which the orator explained with all the elo- quence which the subject and the circumstance demanded. " The presence of a Prince of the Church, surrounded by a numerous clergy, that immense gathering of people, the pomp and decoration liei"htened by the grondedr and majesty of the choir and the Religious cercnionies* what a beautiful spectacle to contemplate ! Assuredly all the farmers who were spectators must have felt a legitimate pride on seeing hew Relio-ion can appreciate the dignity and importance of their labors. '^ '* The benediction being over the crowd went to the church door There Mr. Ghapais, Deputy of the County of Kamouraska, was invited to speak In a short ex tempore speech, that gentleman exposed, with the talent of which he has alreaay given many proofs, the grandeur and usefulness of Agriculture, the real riches of nations. He then explained all the advantages of a school in which our young men might acquire all the knowledo-e neces- sary to make of them farmers at the height of the honorable position which they are destined to occupy in society. It is a great glory lor St Ann's added the speaker, to see this new establishment, which promises so much in the future rising up beside that flourishing institution of which they have already a good right to be proud. *' In those two speeches which we have but mentioned here the ever memorable name of the founder of St. Ann's College was not forgotten to be signalized to public gratitude, and also those of" the actual Directors and buperior of that house, since it is to the zeal and sacrifices of those men so devoted to the good of the Country that we owe the existence at the present day of an Agricultural School in Lower Canada. " So eminently patriotic a work highly deserves the attention of those who have at heart the interest of the nation. What the government has already done, is sufficient proof of its intention to favor this noble enterprise which we hope will receive from ourselves the encouragement of which it is so well worthy." «Ht&t I ^