J^^ ^ ^ •^w. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol y (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la darnlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too Iprge to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrama illustrate the method: Les cartas, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmAs A des taux de reduction diff6rents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre raproduit en un seul clichA, 11 est f iimA A partir de i'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 U W§^^^i^ ^^^ ^^ttm irm\ \®f% If® f^ &, ^ /Ji^i^<: :^s^S?^ ^:j TO THE ELECTORS OF CANADA. BY THOMAS JOHNSON GROVEU, iDta Bf \\)t STntjal ^atrintit lainins nf Cntmiin, r In -.n Diseases you must remove the Cause, if you wish ^o effect a cJre • and resrasLred that the broad sweep of our xmited eflorts w.ll accomplish tl>c object at the hustings. ^MfeH at tmkuM M^^^^M^^ 1851. ^A^i ^ r-^i> ^^biigl ml liirrnuj %]ktm. To thti Electors of Canada : It it with no flmall difficulty that I have been ablo to overcome in a mcnsure that pride, which has proved so great an evil to the whole human race, sufficient I trust, to lay my hamhle ideas before my IV-llow farmers and countrymen, fearless of smiles or fnvurs. On account of my well-known deficiency as regards an early and fashionable education, having been broJ and educated at iha plough-tail, never pursuing my studies, oven in langmij^'ii having to adopt an idiom of myowu formedjmerely from the force of habit Tni^^ting thiit it may prove both edifying and intelligible to my fcllow-Iabuurcrs in Canada, loiiviiig the learned friends to coo- •true and comprehend for themselves — having ever found it difficult to reduce to laudable practice the llule of O.ic ! And now, forsooth, 1 find rayaelf giving ?(?.5sons to the learned, and I trust con- fidence to my fcli(r,v-farnicra — liaving waited many year., for some abler one of our 2-^ou^h-bni/s fo como forward and advocate our common interest. And In pliceof that, 1 &ee tlic enemy is steadily gairiing upon us in th« shapo of the learn'jd prufessnan of the Law, wiuch causes mo to commence break- ing the ice, wit!\ a perfect laiowled^Lje of my inadequacy to do justice to the cause, by leaving my plougli for a brief period and houking on to the harrow, by raking up a quili and using my best endeavours in exposing the enemy and building up in security the muliitudo, trusting that should the harrow disturb some of the more prominent high grou.ids, that it may prove uouriihing to a most valuable crop in tlie low land, which I would wish to sea produced in the shape of efficient teachers for our children, whoso well cultivated minds would prove a most valuable crop ; a continued source of wealth for both parents and ciiiidren to dwell upon. In doing this I nay bring upon me the execration of the learned friendn, and it may be the multitude also, until once my motives are taken i:ito account, and tho measures I propose and propound, are ful'y acted upon, willi prudence and judg- ment, as they are cou]>k'd with the principio of benelitling tiie majurity, without practising unaeses^ary severity on the minority, altiiougii it is evident that they have neglected tiie masses to build up the few. A mode of proceedure that could not be expected to continue. Therefore fearing that it would lead to anarchy or a separation from the Parent State, cither of which would cause extreme regret on various accounts, not but that it might prove beneficial to Britain to be nicely rid of us, nor that it would beany dispaiagement to be connected to the nelgliboring Republic ; both of which are most respectal)le and honorable in their position. But for the convenience of a most envidlls situation, m having mutual ground to the extent of Canada, for all persons of whatever fo^ojtr, nation, or language, to flock to, when disgusted with tho aristocratic oppression of the one country or the democratic confusion of the other, being situated as we are under the protection of all, without the fixed vices of either. Therefore it is the true interest of every Canadian to uphold our present connexion by uprooting our greatest local evils, which can be done in a most sure and simple manner by merely keeping the Lawyen out of Parli'imcvt. It is opposite to my wish to upbraid the leai nod or in any way to cast a damp upon scieace, so long as that learning is productive of tho principles of exalting 3 Virtue and supprcssli.ff vice ; wlien it awards due merit to that integrity and piety which promotes the Redeemer's Kinr/dom, But on the eontrnry, when we see learn- ing turned to create oppression, to suppress knowledge, placing vice in the highest seats, trampling justice and mercy under foot, then we say, " Pull down the mighty and exalt the humble and meek." Those are the sentiments which I purpose with Divine assistance, to set forth in this work, humbly trusting that the will will be tnken for the deed. In all legisldlive and public movements the majority in a civilized commnnily should be first attended to, and secondly, the minority sl.ould not be lost sight of. And now, as many of my readers may not have had an opportunity of perusing those Resolutions which I had the honor of submitting to that portion of the in- habitants ofMiddlesex, in the vicinity of Wardsville, 1 will here inseit them, with the utmost confidence in their ultimate prevalence, from the unanimous manner they were adopted at a public meeting specially convened for the occasion: — " Resolved — That this meeting being disappointed by our piesent House of Asembly, sas well as the former one ; knowing that it is the desire of the British Government that Canada should be governed in strict accordance with the wishes of its inhabitants, and considering as we do that we have been deceived by the learned profession of the law.. And as soon as such have securcvl their seats in Parliament they have invariably turned their delegated powers to the aggrandize- ment of their own profession, to the utter disregard of the j'^ojile's intcrent^ and against the peace and welfare of Canada generally. "Resoloed — That this meeting considers Canada essentially an agricultural coun- try and as such should be represented in Parliament by resident farmers in the several counties, and by editors, manufacturers, mechanics, in thediflerent towns and cities, believing as we do that lawyers should have no more to do with mak- ing laws than doctors with making medicine, or merchants making their own goods ; their business being to sell their skill and wares to the best advantage. " Resolved — That this meeting can discover no dirt'erence between a Reform law- yer and a Tory lawyer, as both go to protect their own profession, and viewing that union between the "learned friends," causes this meeting to suggest the great propriety of a like union of all the electors in one solemn bond for our mutual pro- tection, by noi voting for a lawyer under any circumstances at the next General Election, the result of which would soon show where all the maladminstration of Canadian affairs rested." Asa Canadian cultivator of the soil, a learned document must not be expected, but I liumbly trust that the aforesaid Resolutions may prove useful as a guide to unite the various shades of politicians in Canada, in one common bond for our mu- tual protection, against the common enemy. The time has fully arrived when far- mers and mechanics should in justice to themselves and posterity stand forth, and think, speak, and act for themselves, on all occasions when their own interests and that of the Crown and government under which we live are at stake, and in doing this we are protected from without by the wooden walls of Old England, and Irora within by British feelings and Canadian liberality. It should be borot in mind that some of the oldest and, most inveterate of political partizans in Mid- dlesex attended the meeting, who to a man supported the aforesaid llesolutions And as all are anxious for Reform and wish to reap its advantages, it is the ear nest desire of the author that this union of feeling may be acted upon from Gaspi to Sandwich, to the full accomplishment of the great object in view, viz. : — i; keeping lawyers out of the House ©f Assembly, at the next General Election an.d we would ihca see Reform in reality, which is nothing more than improvs 8 raenX. Yes, fellow-labowcrs, improvement is the order of the day, and now Hfhat is the inoprovement we most require ? Is it h\^]\ ealarics and useless find nu- merous officers extravagantly paid ? Or is it good roads to mariiet, and schools on free and enlarged principles? I will venture to recommend to your favourable notice thelaUer, and who so competent to secure those advantages as members chosen from our own ranks, resident in the difierent counties, ridiivs, «S:c ? Did not Bonaparte find his ablest generals in the ranks. And as 13iitain has conce- ded to us the responsibility of managing our own local afTiiirs, are we awarding due respect to the parent state, or justice to ourselves and posterity, in giving all this power into the hands of lawyers, as our representatives, wlio in addition to enormous eosts levied on her Majesty's loyal subjects, in a most cruel manner, ab- sorb the lesources of this fine fertile country in the admit^tration of the "•overn- ment, and as is further termed, the administration of justice. Surely it must ap- pear as if we were all rogues together when out of a revenue of over 'jCr)00, 000 a year, not a farthing is left fur public improvements. A reversion of such manage- ment would bo most desirable by all tliose wishing well to either piirent or crlony. I have witnessed fur many years the management of lawyers in the House of As- sembly, both as Tories and Keformers, and have never seen any but lawvcrs flour- ish under their management. Look at our useless and nnilti])lied Courts of Law, the officers of which are carefully provided for at the public expense with vcarly incomes and little to do, with a dour open w'de for judges to take a pension at their leisure. Is not this the way to depress the enterjirise of a new cuuntrv far in arrears of public improvements ? Who can say that, we have not been deceiv- ed by those learned friends'? And in place of their siinjjlifying and reformin*^ abuses have they nut riiystified in order to make justice, as it were, unattainable ? Does not such a course of procedure call loudly for our united ( iTurts to put them down ? And that too by the simple means of nut voting for them ! Look at the management of our Railroads under the withering influence of lawyers, and where are they now to be found ?. Their whole aim is 'o get at tiie lingering of the funds whenever such works may proceed ; but it is to be hoped tliat capitalists •will pause ere they commit the management of so important an undertaking to llieir hands.. Under their management it would be apt to get a track ihroufh Chancery a few times to begin with and leave us to tug our produce to market as usual, in mud to the knees. This, fellow-farmers, is not what Britain expected of us, wlien to former indulgences they have thereto added the boon of Responsible Government, under which it was expected that the resources of this fine agricul- tural country might be fully developed, and their ships continually rcturnino' to Britain loaded with corn and oil, the produce of Canadian soil. All of which goes to prove the time has fully arrived for Canadian farmers to think and act for them- selves, in order that the parent state may not upbraid us with ingratitude and ne- gligence, and that our children may not arise and condemn us for want of j ater- nal care and exertion, in not protecting them from the ravenous grasp of the spoil- er, when vv« have but a simple duty to perform, and that is to pledge ourselves to a man, that we will not vote for a. lawyer at the next General Election, and the work is done.. We would then see our country flourish.. Farmers would then £nd a way to market, manufacturers and mechanics would find ample employ- ment at satisfactory prices, merchants could then lade their ships and spread their returns before a wondering community. To think that all this was effected sim- ply by keeping lawyers out of our Legislative Hall?, which is simply done by not voting for them. Besides to witness those learned legislators holding their ses- sions ia the night, not unlike a. set of fre.eb.ooters^ in order to have an uointerruptsd opportunity of dividliifj the spoil, or ulioiild it b« for to imitate our more wealthy parent. Ah well may the froir in the fiiblu attempt to imiintu tliu ox, as for thoDB to nltcmptthc imitutiun uf our slurtiy old John liull. I'hose Inarncd fiicnds hiiV« had sentiiiiiuur Iluusouf Asscmhly HJiiccil has brcti cstiilihHhod in (!ana(hi,nnd thoy Imvo proved tlicins-i'lves as yet but nit'ic •'calvt-s," tljiTi-fore it [a surrly time for us to turn our attention to Konie ulhur branch uf ihiit must nublu ScionJo of Agricul- ture, than to bo mere fi'cders of "calves." Would it not materially turn tiio scale by placing' Farmers in the Jlousi'. Then would we expect to Fee Christian princi- ples and civil liberty meet with due respect, and that etpial justice would by m(;a^- bured to all. Is it not tlicretoru earr.cslly to be hoped that ail pni ty feelinij bo laid aside and all strive together to secure so groat a lumu. And as Inhabitanls of one of tho iiiiest countries of i-oil and c'imatu we repd of, and jrntccted aa wo arw by the greatest Monarch of Euro])e, whose policy is guided by ihatnoblo [iririciple of reigning in tiie hearts of her subjects ; a jiolicy t'lat none can ol'ject t-j. Under all these favorahle aUM])iees, aro wo lobe delencd from jiiitiiii:; down n /ocal evil, that exists in our land to an alarming extent, ? that which has been promoted even by ourselves under ihi- extreme nn.viety of htiving Jioarning diffused in our land, which has proved itself in our coiuiiiu-.dly seK'cti'ig iijiwycis to reprosnil us, which w«i supposed to possess tlio greatest ainoualof loari'.i:ig. and as wc hiul foudly hoped tho greatest anmunt of i.iti'grity r.lhO. JUit 'cUf, how sorely buvu avw been disapj)ointed, when we behold Legislation diverted by tlieia iVom its legiti- mate bouice, and all its advantages and patronage conlhn'd to ii small minority composed of iheir own profession, with extraordinary privileges i.nd protectioo, in place of Leirislating on the broad principle of exleuiiing llij gre;',test amount of benelit to the greatest number of people! And as we have soinelhing more {o do than lament isuch gross inconsistency, 1 will proceed to mention soaie ol'thos« measures we stand so much in need of, with sucii remarks as my humble ability will admit of, in support of the same, together with that legitimate plan lor tlieir ultimate adoption, should such improvements be deemed worthy by the Electors of Canada. In the first place, Jurymen should bo sworn in nil cases to render n true ver- dict according to evidence and equity, and their decisions final ; — or where is the use of jury trials. Secondly, that tilty acres of land, with tho iiomestead, should be secured to every family, together with necessary furniture, stock, and team, against all executions or warrants for debts or costs, it being far easier to p'olect the poor thim to jiroviJe for them in distrcxt. Besides is it not far more likely that every person would ultimately be able to ])ny up when they felt secure in their means to work with and keep their families comfortable at the fame time, I would recommend that tho County Registry Olhce be held in each 'J'ownship, thereby eii'eciing u saving in time, and travelling exj^ences of far more than the price f.'f recording. Besides 1 have known a County Registrar to taku documents left to be recorded, out of his office into a Court, as testimony, prior to recording them, said Registrar being a Lawyer. Also, as the Registry OtUocis of vast importance U) the people, it should be placed under tho entire control of the Municipal authority. I would without hesitation recommend the abolishing of the oflices of 26 Judges, leaving three in the Queen's Bench for Upper Canada. At the same lime providb amply, not only for tha public tervice but for the people's safety, by the enlarge- ment of the powers and equity of the Division Court, by extending the juiisdi»- tion to all just debts, and in all causes of disputes, trespass, and damages, to the extent of £150, said Court to coasisl of a board of Commissioners in each|di vision, with a Jury of 12 beyond £2i ; said Court k> fit os the lint V/ednesday in each re wealth/ .s for til ODD iciids biive ii.niul thfjr le for us to J\gricuF- n thti scale iaii princi" III be m(;a> fei'liiiij be aliilaiits of I iifi \vu !irw principle 'iO, L'lidfir VII u /ocal 1 proniotod >0(1 ill our ) loprospnl as wc lijul I)' I.nvo Ar» its icgiti- I niiiiuiity proteclioo, 'st amount iifj more to ue ol'llios* tiblo ability HI lor llicrr le Electors n true vcr- liero is the sad, should ami team, :r to p'olect : likely that re ill their e, I would p, thereby he price of ts left to be tliem, said >ortanco to 1 authority. 26 Judges, lie providB e enlarge- e juiisdift- ges, to the ihjdivision, by JQ each Biontlj ill each dirislon, whwo rerdict in nil cosoi •hould he (liml. Thon every ono Oould know the exact day of the Court, and not ho obliged to wait the notion of tomo jKt Juilf/f, who now hna it in his power to keep the parties iiml jury wailing Lis motion, who has been known to nci;luct to attend alter appointing tiio day him« self, to the damage and expcnce of Jury m(!n in particular, as well as others in general .Besidi-s the fi.iviiij^ of thfise JudLjcs' piy, wliul a vast amount nf time and ftxpence would bo prevented in hiivirg nil these trilling diiliculties setilfd in the fmmediate vicinity of the causn of action, wIhVl! the Jui y would in some instuncB visit the ground of complaint, thereby being many timea better enabled to como u| Ibe justice of the rase. 1 would al*o recommend that all caufcs of As«ault and Felony ho tried before two or more of the Justices of the Pence w illi a Jury, where the perpotralors wero cnught in the act or proof posiiive, leaving all cases of doubt to the (Queen's Bench. Since the commenccnient of this work tlnTC has two causes come under the wri- ter's observation ; OIK! was horse st^•llli^!^ the other was house lircaking and rob- bery ; both proper cases to bo iiied on the ground where they were caught with tJio goods upon them and evidences fresh. 'J hi first was, a juvenile offonder of shrewd inlellccl, w'lo was tried in n Court of Law and nc(|nilt('d on some (jnibhlc, leaving the youth to suppose that horse stealing was a trilling evil and the chanco of escape easy, which would ho rather an iiiducemt'iit to try again. The other was two Darkies who were remanded to prison, a distance of some .lO miles, to wait Bomo six months hcl'ac triai on expence to the County, on account of the Aasizo having just lermiiialcd. During this peiiod the witnesses may be scattered to the regions of California, and the cause of action nearly forgotten, with a chance at quibbles also, they inav get clear alsn ! Now is tliis safely to the people of a British Colony, or is it safety lo a si t of horse-thieves and hou'C-I)iea!v?rs. IJesides count the expence of (he lime of those two last mentioned evident hardened offen- ders, there is liist laiidiiigthem to prison, not less than £7 \0s, expence of keep- ing six months £2^), QiVen's Counsel £0 each, £12, the Jury should have tl.o same orJi)12 each, then there will be two or tiiree days occupied in trying these cJuips, say 500 people waiting onexponcc during that time for their business to come on, at not less than 6s each, JCioO total exi)enco to the country for trying those two persons, not le^s tlian£30G 10s, when tiiey could ns well been eriuitii- bly tried at an expence of £5, at the same time the public safety fully secured. Time and circumstances will not permit me to go into statistics or chronology, but lean assure \\y fellow furmers i\vA\. if Iletrenchment, ns above discriled, wag once acted upon, imt only would the public safi-ty be sccuied with ample means to open 300 Fiee IScliools as well as to construct a Railroad from one end of tho Province to the other. Then there is the feasibility of abolishing the flfice of Attor- ney General, transferring theduties to the Solicitor Generals at their present sala- ries, who should he styled Deputies under tiie Attorney General of England, thereby strengthening our connexion, and at the same time clfect a saving that irould annually go far towards draiiiin>/ o\n p':stih'inial swamps, thereby render- ing essential seivice to her Majesty's Loyal Subjects in W(S!ern Canada. Finally the powers of the Municipal Councils require extending, in order that they could settle contested elections, appoint the various County and Town offi- cera, with special powers to tax Wild Lands for Roads, Bridges, Drainage and protection against Wolves, whose depredations amount to a most severe tax on our flocks and herds, in eonsequence of large blocks of wild lands held by Specula- tors, as well as power to dispose of reclaimed Lands to assist defiaying the ex- pence of drainir.g, thereby breaking up wolf harbours also, as well as removing 6 pcst'ilonco, tlicivby mldinsf materially to the Revenue ami ivroiu'CM of llio Era* jiiic. Ill carryin;^ out llii-sc, with other similar and uiofiil muasuros, would it not rentier uboriivo ihe nxciit motions for dividinf lUo Era- rould it nut only luik- tlio pt'oplo ouse would equal foot- 84 ill their 09 our pro- is nothinij^ orkin^ iiidi- trespiiss or niiiiy to be- int'ut would nigiblo iind !ourL lluiiijo lit up in iiwu up by iticauoi), in j on us for would wish f lliey fvcr lom. Hub ;y us under i words, and 10 they not wftik of the 10 eflect tho nvented for dto Judges mockery, [ do we uol ; bo expect- tiimcly sub- the know- 5 as ccmpe- plish. Let wyer at the the conduct , the BMet fords of our also in 8t. e men with is with ono have takea ire entering same ev«D it a Lawyer imaginable, h Bible and tblisluog of high and useless Courts of Appeal, with a secondary motive for tho division of Counties, and for what purjos*? if not in order to mnko place for Lawyers at the expence of the people. We at the same tinn.'. see citht-r motions for the union of Provinces, and the establishing a " Superior C(nnt," — I suppose to try such as have had their proiicrty stolen or suHon'd other violence, as we must m all con- Bcicnco have Couilsenough,to try all the rogues in tho world. However the latter object is evidently tho sanio as the lortner to make high place-i for extraordinary pay out of our m- noy. Surely all this teinJs to depress that laudable enterprise our country stands so much in need of. And thon to witness the blowing about a Railroad, a song 18 years old, with s'SO.OOi) spent and no signs of a road yet, vfith a new and sublime scheme of taxing a people already taxed far too much in order to get tlie lingering of another )?80,Ul»0. Uiiiher poi>r encouragement I should think for us to embark in, until a new Directorship is appointed at least, (if then evin,) what is plainer than if ever thcro is a Uiilroad cDnsiructod from Niagara to Dotroit thron};h Canada, a work of the greatest importance, as well as ono throuijliout the I'rovince, the Avorking men will have to do it, and who so fit to manage such afluirs as men accjuainted widi such work, therefore leave all such underiakings for Speculators, who should receive every encouragement that alib« eral Tarliament and a jjenerous people could give, by granting a liberal Charter, with right of way, Ac. Sec, and all such as leel disposed should take Stock, but for heaven's sake do not drag those in or load them down with taxes, who like mo am not able to pay the present taxes without great exertion, therefore if we act upon tho principle set forth in tho aforesaid resolutions and keep tho Lawyers out of I'arliament, what is clearer than we will have a lluuso of practical working men, wlio have the true interest and welfare oi" the country at heart, and whenever Buch a House shuuld frame so bungling a midline us the Municipal Act or even a less paltry one as the Jury Act, not unlike tho Dutchman's horse, only two faults, bad to catch, and ut'eless wlien caught. Just so with the Jury Law, it for- gets to pay them and make their decisions iinal ? If a House destitute of l/iwyers, as 1 before said, should make so bungling a j )b, just call tliem stupid if you phase, and I will say amen to it, and although they were never before called upon to enact Laws, still they have frecpiently strained their wits in order to live up to very crooked ones. The consequence of which would soon draw their attetiiicn to simplifying all these abusive points, thereby rendering justice more accetsablo by adopting a plain, intelligible, and practicable method of arriving at it, with- out clamberini' over a stack of absurdities and treadinif throujih dark vallies for most erroneous precedents. The great mystery the writer wishes to reveal is merely this, who is so competent to represent the farming interest of Canada, as farmers themselves, who is that individual that dare say we aredestitiue of know- ledge when we have always had the Maps and Charts of Nature before us, and tho Universe with all its varieyated splendur for our Library. And let those pale- faced inmates of a lordship veil their faces and cry shame to themselves who does utter such unwarrantable remarks, who is there that knows the troubles and vicis- situdes that the Inhabitants of a new country have to endure as well as the vicn of experience. Where is the individual that can describe their wants, ascertain their practical capabilities, the amount of expenditure that may be required, as well as the practical man ? Theorists who make their livelihood out of the people by their tongue and per., know nothing of the amount of political drudgery we have to undergo, as well as the privation we have to endure to reduce a howling wilderness to fertile fi'>lds, and half-comfortabl« dwellings with passable roads to maikett Those theorist have inv&riably fell in nrrcara, wlio (irc destitule of practice, as well in prirnt* ■peculation as in public enterprise, when sore experience has been known lo prt' ftail ! Have we not witnessed tliose tiicoretical fiiilures, to our cost and grief, in medicine, in law, and in Agriculture ? And have wo not heard those theoristi Wy that *• Those working farmers and meclianics are stupid fellows, not at all fit to manage their own affiirs ; drudgery is all they are fit for." Most surely this ia fine language for learned gentlemen to uso to those wlio f'-vni^h 'J„om with the staff of life. Is it not well (or them that wc are blessed with a temperament which enables us to overlook sucii remaiks as emanating through the ignor.mce of the speakers, (rather a strong method of convincing us of llieir superior learning,) in displaying their deficiency as it were in their(,n, b, c, therefore may we not be al- lowed to ask by whom the grentes-t feits of the arts and sciences have been ac- complished, and has not the climax of science been surmounted by those of the fewest words, rvho were workingmcn, whose minds have been active while their hands and strengtli have been engaged in tlio most servile nvudgory. And may \re not further ask, which is of the greatest imporiance to Canadn, the ox-yoke op Bteam-engino, or in other words, wliich could be spared with the lea^^t injury to tlie public service ? May I make bold to say the steam-engir.e. as thrte-fourtliS of the shipping employed in our trade would be thiown idle if il were not for the simplicity and utility of the " Ox-yokc.'" Then if siiid yoke is of such impor- tance, show me a man that can make a good t iie, and I will show you a man of science, of genius, of justice and mercy, qualifications I must say, that are rather scarce in some of our Lawships ! Again, which is of the greatest importance to a business-like community, a plain, simple, safe and equitable method of collect- ing debts and settling disputes, at mere nominal expence of both time and money, before a Court, to coubisl of a board of Commissioners with a Jury, all residents in the vicinity of the cause of action, or through a succession of Courts of Queen's Bench, Common Pleas, Chancery, &(:., at a most ruinous waste oi time, monet/, and anxletij. Methinks I hear thouisaiids of my countrymen say, give ua tho plaia, simple justice founded on Truth It may be aigucJ by some, that it will be difiRcult to find men qualified in some of ilie remotest Townships. To such an argu- ment, I would say, that if qualifications should bo fdUiid low in some localities, (of which I much doubf,) you may bear in mind that the amouut of crime, claims and debts, will be low also. How often have we noticed the dilTorcnt papers in their E'Jitorial remarks, say "there were far too many Lawyers in the House," and that it was evident they had the advantage of mystifying or words similar, and that the Laws were far too intricate, and now when a ti^ngible metliod is on foot to get rid of the evil, to see those Editors turn about and say those measnros are f'lr too sivcepinr;, and that none but Lawyers are fit to carry out Law Reform ? What a grammatical divisioa of the term " Reform," as if there were two sorts of reform for a Member of i\ar- liamont to introduce, viz. : Rclorm and Law Reform, I must say this is a poser to me, as much so as it was to iho boy when he picked up the horse-shoe, to ascer- tain whether it was not a horse-shoe, to such counter changes amongst the Edi- tors, I would ask, Who has paid you for such diangeahle consistency ? or rather where is your authority for the new discovery of Indian Rubber Grammar. Away tlien with such papers and their Editors, should he be made sensible of their error, by our discontinuing all such papers as upholds the principle of sending Lawyers to Parliament, to carry out Law Beform or any other Reform, and if this does not test their stability, we may give them up as hopeless. Whiit is plainer than the broom that carries forth the greatest atnouut of rubbish in raising the least 9 cII in prirnte nown toprt' and grief, io liosc tlieoristt [)ot at all fit to surely this ia em with tlie ramcnt which mice of the earning,) in we not be al- iivc been ftc- those of the 10 vvliilc tlieir And may lie ox-yokcor ast injury to thrce-fourtlis 10 not for the sucii impor- ou a man of Kit are ratlicr mpoitance to 3(1 of collect- e and money, all residents lis of Queen's "time, money, , give us tho that it will be uich an argu- me localities, int of crime, remarks, say evident they were far too 3 evil, to see }r/, and that iiiicaldivisioQ niber of Par- is a poser to loe, to ascer- gst the Edi- y ? or rather mar. Away 'f their error, ing Lawyers if this does plainer thaa ng the leaat am-'anl v;f dosl in doing so, is by far tho best and most to bo approved broom, i h not also a plain fact that a large amount of accumulated riibbisli could not easily be removed with a slight brush. Therefore, may it not be inferred that this broad united Sweep is just what our position requires, in order that our local evils may be thoroughly renovated and cleansed from this combined amount of corruption, which has even amounted to a compact far more formidable than llie one sup- posed to have been crushed never to appear again in Canada, being now composed of the learned friends consequently tlic mammoth broom of our united tlTorts must bo applied, or our yi/^e Wi(7 ie S(?«^a/. I would not wish to have it under- stood that wo are to uwito in trying to keep all Tories, neillierall lluformers, out of the House, but that each of these parties should as usual stand by each other, and that each party shoidd, if they thought proper, put forward their respective Candidate for Parliament, but that we all agree not to brirg forwrad or vote for a Lawyer on any consideration. Our whole drift and aim being founded on the principle of purgin^' the House of the greatest evil Canada has to contend with. To witness our substance not only squandered in paying enormous bills of costs, with high salaries to useless judges, but with that finishing touch for their own overthrow in that abominable act opening a ;9f?2.sio/i list for "those judges'' to re- tire on, a course of procedure that has not some of tho>e leading members hero* toforo declared "tlieinselves averse to,'' and now in the last stages of their ov>-n downfall, do not allow ourselves to exult, it having occurred through learned {(f~ tiorancc, nol unlike that frailly which caused Louis Philippe to forgot his people in the aggrandizement of his own family. I3y strengthening his position in a/ortrest by euoimous expenditure out of his people's money, disregarding tlieir continued applications for relief, the consequence of which was in the trying hour, his strong- hold proved on a bad foundation, the result of which sunk him into infamy (this is of course comparing tlie small to the great). But it will prove just so with tho combinatluii of liiose learned friends, in all their fixtures of places and pension, extravagantly paid out of our money. A house of sturdy farmers and meclianicB would sjon cast so base a course of proceeding to the wind. And when wo behold eni])ire3 overturning through extravagance and noghgenco of the people's interest, and welfare, have we not great reason to rejoice in being an appendage of that empire which has stood the tost of ages, and have not forgotten us in our low estate or remote position, having clothed us in_that garb self-government, which if judiciously applied will most effectually remove the cause of all local evils, by enabling us at the hustings to sweep those learned friends out of Parliament. Then the folly of petitioning our Provincial Parliament with so little use will be at an end. A House composed of the people will not require to be told what the people want=!, being there thiniselvcs in the proper place, and in duo time to movo thu adoption of such measure would be most beneficial for all. As this address is mostly intended for that pirt of the Province heretofore called Upper Canada, it may not be out of place here to remark as we are brethren ia the same land, and joint heirs to the same inheritance, we should extend to each Other the right hand of good-fellowship. And as the different locaVitics in soma measure require different local treatment, we should in no way Vlirow obstacles in each others road, but all strive together for tho real and substantial improvomenl of our common country, by- carrying out the free school system in using such funds for the purpo.«/j as a rigid reduction of expenditure with a strict regard to J)ublic servii:^ will edrait of, as before pointed out, removing the appclSition o cwned froiu tho lawyers to the teachers '^,- • youth. 10 Have w« not witnessed attornies bringing actions against their clients for cxorbi- "t nt C08t8,(when tliey received more in advance than sliould be allowed for conduct- ing any such suit,) before our learned judges, when it turned up in evidence that said attornies had been guilty of gross negligence or incapacity, to all, the judges would say was no bar to the attorney's bill for costs, consequently said attorney would get a verdict for said costs, and the unfortunate defendant who had not only lost this case, but the former one, also his debt «r claim which was lost by the negligence of said attorney. And in this most inhuman dilemma the unfortu- nate client and defendant is stript of his necessaries, and finally turned adrift with his little ones and weeping wife in a most heartless manner, in accordance with the aforesaid learned decree! Rendering said defendant unable to pursue said lawyer for negligence, as it may leak out that an action will be brought against said attorney, and should fortune or friends interpose, it will then be found that thoso attorneys ore all in league from tiie difficulty he will find in getting one lawyer to fetch a suit agniriSt another, and finally should he succeed, it may be found that said attorney had just availed himself of some legal dod^fc to cover his iniquity ! Kow, fellow farmers, is not this awful, and does England require of us to suffer the continuation of those abuses ? I will answer this as a Polish of- ficer once did Bonaparte, on a certain occasion, with a superb NO ! And can wo expect to escape if we neglect to interpose and stay such further and like proceed- ings by applying the lesoi/i,(is belore described, at the next election ? And now in the face of all those continued abuses can any be so depraved as to gay that lawyers in Canada are honest. Surely if there had been even one such in the House ho would long ere this have moved in tlie premises? Have not some exalted judges and many of the small ones had an opportunity of doincc so, when members of the House ? Away then witli that newspaper trash that says that lawyers are the proper mei\ to carry out " Reform." Would it not abound to our credit to discontinue all such papers at once, and support only such papers aa go to protect Her Majesty's loyal subjects from all such unendurable abuses. All of which serves to show that lawyers are not the proper ones to give money obli- gations to for collection. But for the Clerk of tiie Court, what security have we for our money in a lawyer's hands, when an inkstand, a few sheets of paper, and some borrowed books may constitute his stock in trade, when the Clerks are or bhould be required to make ample security for tlie due performance of the duties of his office, I have in my limited experience, found more difficulty in getting money out of Lawyer's hands than I would if I had left it in the original debtor's hands, having in some cases to rule tliem, as it is termed, a very agreeable job for a farmer to attend to in harvest time, besides the idea of ruling a Lawyer before Lis father, or a brother-in-law who may be the Judge. Very fine, there- fore, if you have any regard for yourself, your children or friends, keep your money out of the Lawyer's hands and themselves out of Parliament, never again give them power to enact a sure and fixed price for their motions and labor, while you and I have to seek the best price we can get for our work and grain. To witness such wanton disregard for our welfare as practiced by our Jujges.who 60 carelessly attend to their work by not unfrequently opening the different Courts many hours after tlie time'appointed, thereby keeping tlie juryman waiting under A penalty at t'neir own expence, and not unfrequently do we see those same Judges adjourning the Court soon after opening it, on the plea of no business, thereby practising further oppression on the jurymen, in keeping vi waiting for those Attorneys to get their business in readiness, which is a most w anton method of dealing with tho working people of Canada, it evidently appear* aa if we were or exorbi- r conduct- dence tlmt he judges 1 attorney Iiad not lost by e unfortu- clrift with nice with ursue said lit against mnd that in getting d, it may to cover require of Polish of. nd can wo proceed- aved as to nesuch in not some ■ so, when says that Lind to our •s ad go to s. All of oney obli- ^ have we aper, and iks are or he duties in getting 1 debtor's )le job for •er before 3, there- :eep your v^er again )or, while dges.who it Courts og under 3se same business, aiting for a method we were U mere tools for those learned friends to tampoi .vitli. I would suppose that those gents who are so well paid for attending to their public duties, should in all cases be on the ground in time, and when there was no business brought forward, the Judge or Sheriff should be impowered to dismiss the Court at once, and not extort unnecessary attcndiince out of Her Majesty's dutiful and Loyal Subjects, so need- lessly, at the cost of time and money. This course once adopted would have prompted all those having business at those Courts to attend to it promptly or bo sure of its helri'j; laid over at their cost. And now if Tory lawyers or Tory judges were any better or any more thought- ful of the public welfare, surely they iiave had forty years to mjve in liie premi- ses, and if bolii Tories aud Reformers have neglected to do so, it mereli/ proves that we ought to take those iinprovemants in hand ourselves, by sweeping all such out of Parliament, and then retrenching all necessary public servants' pay to Ijara working wages, wliich will be apt to put a stop to this scrambling for office, and at the same lime secure a more faithful attendance to the duties, as proves itself in the prompt aud faithful manner that path-masters and jurymen do their duty in comparison to some of those extravagantly-p lid ofhcials. And would it be absurd in me to suggest the propriety, as long as juryman served without pay, that they should be exempt from tolls on the roads to and from the court, and that their summons should serve as a pass at the ditferent gates and bridges ? Who will deny that if 28 judges were abolished or dismissed, thi saving tliereby would not be suflicient to open more than Three Jlandred Free Schools ? Be- sides the vast saving of time and expense to jurymen and others in doing away those County Courts and Quarter Sessions, giving the same powers to the Division Courts and the magistrates in the different townships as before mentioned. A system of Reform not unlike that of our modern artists and me- chanics in machines, who have been known to throw out a large number of wheels as useless, which were found to retard the motion they originally wore expected to multiply, by a most enormous amount of friction, as well ns an extra- ordinary and endless consumption of oil 1 Therefore in dispensing with those 26 judges, and substituting the powerful lever of equity, would we not effect avast saving oi friction and ail, which, if judiciously applied, wonld go far to enlighten the understanding and minds of the cliildren of Canada? Does it not speak volumes for the great County of Middlesex that 1851 has commenced without a single criminal in its large and commodious jail. It is to be hoped that it may long con- tinue destitute of crime, and so long as we continue the advancement of education and the principle of equal justice to all, so long may we expect peace and pros- perity to abound through the length and breadth of Canada, thca away with the fantastic idea of dividing Counties in order to create taxes on us for more jails, court-houses, judges, sheriffs, &c., for the mere special benefit of a certain few at the expense of the many. And give us a court in every township where debts can be collected at the cost and charges of sixpence for a summons, two shillings for a judgment, sixpence for recording, fourpence a m'le for travelling to serve papers, a shilling for a warrant to hold property until a judgment can be matured, a shilling for the bond, two shillings and sixpence for selling, returning all writs, &c., with as ssvero a penalty as you please for faUe swearing and malicious ar- rests of goods. Give J ustices of the Peace, with a Jury, power to try rogues and felons in order to prevent crime, on account of the simple manner they now too frequently escape punishment. Enlarge the powers of the Municipal Councils. Secure fifty acres, with the homestead, furniture, a ytar's provision, aad stock and team, to each and li OVery famtlj', ngainst all executions for debts or costs, tviili a Registry Office in each Township, with at least one Free School in each Township, then may We ■ay we havesometliingin the shape of Reform, and in order to prevent the con-- tnuous forming of tl'Cfe compacts, would it not be advis^able to have a new Housa' of Assembly in Canada, elected imnually at tlio Town Meetings, which could be done at little or no expence, aa it would only require an extra column or two' on' tlie Poll book. Finally, there was never in the History of Canada, a time wh en it was so necessary for the Reformers and well-wishers of this country tO' stand by each other, and the Crown and Government of Britain as the present time. Llore particnhirly as tI:G present House has in a great measure betrayed their trust, as set fortli in the aforesaid Kesolulions, by creating unnecessary expcndi* ture, in place of making general improvements? Therefore I am free to admit, tliat if Ihis U Reform, we want no more of it. But to think of sitpporling again the old Tory scliool in Canada, requires duo consideration. Have tiiey not al- ready been in power more than forty ycats, and what have they over done for us,, or the Parent State ? Have they not cieatcd an enormous debt to hang over our shoulders ? Have they ever made a mile of Rail Road ? And did tiiey not try their utmost to secure tiio Clergy Reserves in the hands of a few, to the prejudice cf the many ? And are those broad strides of oppression to be so easily forgotten ? I venture, not. Tiierefore if we would like the adoption of any part of the within meniioned improvements, it surely behooves us to stick to our colours, and under the fostering care of Great Britain, let us make one more effort for Reform by sending sucii men as we know are lierormcrs in place of lawyers. And siiould we not reject all such as offer themselves, by selecting such only as wo know will move and support all such measures and such only, na would be most beneficial for all without any prejudice to any. Now in conclusion, if Education is available and humanity amendable, also that Christianity is advisable. It surely behoves us to move in those matters, and our first effort should be to remove the curse that falters the one and binds the other, causing gloom and misery to overhang the rest. All of which can bo most effec- tually done by applying the Beson of our united efforts, that will sweep these " learned friends" from our House of Assembly, who get their living by keeping all mankind in a ferment, thereby rendering men desperate about mere trifles ; by destroying that confidence which we all should strive to cultivate in each other, and lastly, by the recklessness of the professions in making the truth appear false nnd falseiiood truth, thereby prostrating that regard for tiiat truth, which should lead us to adore tha', Iking, who in his wisdom created all things. " And now in ploughman's phrase, God send you speed, Daily to grow wiser, And may you better reek the reed, Tiian e'er did the adviser." Burns. ii\ [P [f> [^ iiii © 11 21 Ihad under this head purposed giving some useful information to persons in remote places, on the subject of Contracts nnd Agreements, with some useful forms thereon, but findinir my circumstances and space limited, I shall be obliged to defer many useful remarks thereon for a future edition, humbly subftituting other matters more in connexion with the original 8ul)ject, which may serve to show where the present Ministry found the material for theif " Ministerial Divi. BioD Court Bill " Giving them all due credit for a vast amoutit of immatcrii]^ thout )an- 13 nbsurdily, wliicli must in .^11 justice be placed to tliera, as truly original wi doubt, which they havo added thereto, making the Dirision Court an exact script of lhemselvt'8, riz. a most extravagant aud iniquitous, overbearing, unjust machine, inasmuch as it does not and cannot, as it now stands carry out the pria- ciples of a clieup and sate method of collecting debts and settling disputes. I will here insert the Petition 1 drew up and submitted to Parliament in January 1840, and U-avs my readers to compaie and couclude for themselves, from whenca the Learned Ministry of Canada get the ground work of said Bill. In proof of which, I will annex two letters, one from the Hon. M. Cameron, to whom 1 sent the petition, ncknowledging the receipt of the same, the other from Mr Notman ; both letters will speak for themselves in their proper places in the appendix, to all of which 1 claim a perusal. To \h h'^TA \h Ligislilive Asssir.bly of Caaiia in Provincial Pafliameni m\Mi, h k. k, May it ploiise your llimorable House,— We thcjundersigiied dutiful and Loyal Sub- jects of )l<'i' ''>l'i,i«''-'y, liiliiibitii\its of Canada Wtst, liurably showeth, lliat your Memo- rialists luive viewcnl and exiieriunned tlio wording of the Court of Request or Division Court, uuilcr its Viirious changes for the last li teen year.s, and considering as we do, hat paid Court is fur c*lioitof our rcciuirt'mL'nis, this Going none otherlliau an Agricul- tural and Cuninicrciui country, and that i'ailurts ofcrop.s, /luctuatiouof j^rices, as well as other di:;:ipjH)intnicnts are liable to occur. Also situated as we aie, where nearly every man's tuuo and labor comprises his principal etcck in trade. Consecpiontly a cheap and snfo lUL-tlunl of collecting debts and sjttling disputes would be extremely desirable, where iiny saving of lime and expence would be beneficial to the State as well as to the Subject, who, if properly jirotected from enormous bills of costs, would thereby bo induced to extend the improvements of tho country, consequently in. crease the Revenue, and in every way adding to the improvements of the Province; therefore your i\leirioriali.>ts views the extension of the jurisdiction of said Court as advisable in nil matters of indisputable or written contracts to the extent of fifty pounds, and in all other matters of amount and disputes to the extent of £30, with tho present Codo of Fops Save and except tlie Judge's olliee which we would wish abol. ish»d,and Commissioners substituted, rcsiilents in each division, three of which should form a Court, together with a jury, as at present, wliere tho parties or ehher of them required it, said Commissioners to receive no more than '2s. for each decision, and when creditors were apprehensive that certain debtors would move their pro|ieify or leave the Province before an Execution could be served out in the ordinary Avay, such creditor should be allowed to make oath before any one of said Commissioners to the above eli'ect, whereon the Clerk sh-'uld be oidered to i.v-ue a warrant to hold said pronorty to bail, until II trial and execution could be matured ; said warrant to contain a clause citing the defendant to trial, the same as a Summons, for which the Commissioners should be allowed Is.; alsolhe Bailiff Is. 6d. for said Bond iu addition to the present fees. All false swearjng and malicious arrei^tspunishabfe as at ])reBent. Saiil court to sit monthly and all decisions to be final. It wouhl be super- fluous for us to attempt the details of the Bill, sulHce it to say that the foregoing ara the outlines, and your iMeinorialists would ex])ect that a due regard would be paid to the protection of both Debtor and Creditor, in requiring an extension of security from the Clerk and Bailili's on the one hand, and allowing people time for the notice of trials and return of writs on the other, with power to sell Lar.ds and Tenements, where no other property can be found. All of which your Merrjcrialists submit to Ihu considera- tioii of your ilonorable House, &e. &c. &c, January 26, 1819. D«arSir,— I received yours of tlio 2(Hh with the petition on the nibject ol IJivisio" Oourt«, roiitainiiig vB'nalile !(ng!>;cslion:--,which I shall have rderred to aCommillte. We hiive, I lear,to» rnany lawyers in t!ie lioii^c to leav^aoy Jjojic of a measure jiassiing which would so cHictuiillycast down tlv ir co'its. Yours truly, Signtd, M. CA.MLliON. T. .f. Ghovkr, Es(j., Moia. . Montreal, 27th .Tannary, 1S19. Pear Sxr,— I think I iia^ij the pleasure of lieing introduced to you by my frieiiU Mr. Benjamin , 14 Grant, on New Year's morning of 1S4S, on which occasion you HM not promise me yonr support". The result of the contest however wasdcciiled in my favor,* and as member for Middlesex,! shouIA' liave had pleasure in preienting the petition to increase the jurisdiction of the Division Court and reduce the law costs, which you entrusted to the Hon. JNlalcolm Cameron. It was presented yesterday, and will he read on Monday, and though 1 have not had the honor of suhmitting to the House the V ants and wishes of that jxirtion of the Comity where you reside, yet 1 hope you will: not he olTendcd when I tell you that 1 intend to second tho motion of the Honourable Member foe Kent, nndi;ive the measure my hearty support . 1 am, dear Wr, very faithfully yours, T. J. Gkoveh, Esq. Signed, WM. KO TiMAN. The above exhibits my plan of a Divsion' Court in January, '49, and in January, '51, we see it put in motiiin with ill its disimprovoments, Also the I'oicgoing work shows my ideas of a further extc"d(d l'i\isionCo»rtto meet tl e growin;; wants of C'aiuida at the present time, leaving the people to j udge and compare the whole, and adopt such as vvould be the most siiitubic to our capa- city. It may bo well here tomcnliDU that'an act ha? pacsodintolaw, durina;the last session, enabling ■\Viaows tooMain any , and liiALxr, hy liuth parlies, and each I'urty rtiiiiuuneof the duplicates) ' ' 15 until default shall be made in the paymc ' of any of the aforesaid instalments or of the interest aforesaid, and that the saia C. D. sliall pay all the taxes hereafter charged upon the said premises, and in case default shall bo made in payment of any one of such instalments, or of the interest aforesaid, or any part thereof, con- trary to this agreement, it shall be lawful for the said A. B. to re-enter upon and keep possession of the said premises as if this agreement had not been made and entered into ; and upon the punctual payment of the said purchase money and the interest thereof in the manner above provided, the said A. 13. doth hereby for himself, his heirs, exs., ads,, and assigns, covenant and agree with the said C. D. his heirs and assigns to make and execute to the said C. D. his heirs and assigns a good and sufficient deed of conveyance of the said premises, and of the freehold and inheritance thereof in possession free from all incumbrances upon the same being tendered to him the said A. B. his heirs, or assigns, by and at the expense of the said C. D. his heirs or assigns, such conveyance to contain a release of Dower from M. B. the present or any future wife of tlie said A. B., and all usual and customary covenants for title. And the said C, D. doth hereby for himself, his heirs, exs. and ads., covenant with the said A. B. hia exs. and ads., to pay the residue of such purchase money, and the interest thereon, by the instalments and at the times and in the manner hereinbefore provided ; and for the true perform- ance of this agreement each of the said parties doth hereby bind himself, his heirs, ess. and ads., unto the other of them, his heirs ^\s. and ads., in the penal sum of £ — of good and lawful money aforesaid. In witness whereof the said parties to these presents have hereuntoset their hands and seals the day and year tirst above •written. A. B. (l. s.) Signed, sealed, &c. C, D. (l. s.) Received on the day of the date of this agreement, from the loithin named CD. the sum of £ — , Icinff the sum therein mentioned to be li/ him paid to rue. A. B. Witness, J. K. Form of a Will, Devising Real Estate in Fee Simjde to Testator's Sons, chargecdile with annuity to Wife, and 2^ortions to Dauijhters.* This is the last willand testament of A.B. of — , yeoman, I will and desire that all my just debts, funeral and testamentary expenses be paid by my executors as soon as conveniently may be after my decease, and as to my worldly estate, wherewith it hath pleased God to bless me, I give and dispose of the same as fol- lows : — I give and devise to my beloved wife E. all my household goods and fur- niture, plate, linen, and china, for the term of her natural life, and I give and de- vise to her one bed-room and one parlour of her own choice in the dwelling-house wherein I now dwell, situate and being on lot No. — in the — concession of — also the use of the kitchen, yard, garden and out-buildings, in common with my eldest son, hereinafter named ; also I give and devise to my said wife an annuity or clear yearly sum of £ — to be paid to her in lieu of dower half yearly, out of my real estate, in the proportions hereinafter mentioned ; and I give and devise to my eldest son A. the homestead and farm whereupon I now reside, being the lot above mentioned, to hold to him, his heirs and assigns for ever, subject nevertheless to the above mentioned devise of one bed-room and one parlor, and the use of the kitchen, yard, garden and out-buildings to my wife, and subject also to the pay- * The devise of real estitte to the sons in this willrnrrieB \vith it the fee simple : that is, the sons have the power to dispone nr the smne again by deed nr will wliidi is not the c»se where real estate is en- tailed. Care must be taken not to use the ward isst7£ iu [rmnung the Uuvise, otherwise aa estate taill laay be iuvautiuusl)' and uuioteutiuiially cistted. 16 nieut of tlio 3-carly sum of £ — to my wife in part of the nnnnity aBoTtt tn«nliched, Uie same to bo paid by equal Imlf yearly payments : and I give and derise to my second son H. nil that parcel of land, beinij lot — in the — concession, Ac, to hold to him.liis heir? and ai3sign9 for ever, sui>ject nevertheless to tho pnynaont of the j'early sum of £ — to my said wife in part of her xaid annuity, the *ame to be paid by equal half yearly payments, [««ecoiidniarriuc/e,') as al-io all the rest, residue and remainder of my personal estate whicii may remain in the hands of ruy executors, after payments of debts, loitacies, funeral and executorship expenses, and other charges thereon as aforesaid, unto and equally between and among all my sons and daiigliiers, share and share alike, and in case any or either cf my sons should (lio before mo, leaving a lawful heir, my v.ill then is, that such heir fchall inherit tlie premises devised to such deceased son, and hold the same in fee simple, and in like manner and £ul)je:t to the same liabilities and charges as such deceased son would have held tiie same under this my will. And my will further is, that in cnsc! the said annuity niven to my wife as aforesaid, shall at any time Lo bo- hind and unpii'.d in the j)arts and proporticjns aforesaid for the space of — days af- ter any sucii part or proportion shall become due, it sliall be lawful for her to en- ter upon the premises chargeable with such part or proportion, and distrain for such part or propoition, and all costs and charges m.'.de by non-payment thereof. And my will further is, that my said executors shall have the like power to enter and distniin'upon the aforesaid premises for the annuity bequeathed by me for the support and education of my daughters, in case the same shall be in arrear, and my personal estate prove insufficient for payment thereof as aforesaid : and my will further is, that in the event of my wife's second marriage, the annuity hereinbefore given to her, as also every other bequest and devise herein contained shall from thenceforth cease. And I nominate and appoint my trusty and wor- thy friends — to be the executors of this my will, hereby revoking all former wills. In witness whereof 1 the said A. B. have hereunto set my hand and seal the — day of — in the year of our Lord — . Signed, sealed, j)Mii.... R-R, 7 - -v:n N. ]}, — A» lor running to a Lawyer to get all those affairs drawn up is all .>;;iudga,_i£youar<3 a bad pensmnn go to the Schoolmaster to get all such writings j^f |doue. ■ lieai asuurcd the less you have to do with these "Learned Friends,'*' [he belter. u,5rii > ■ i iii j i ' T _, ' M t : , I OEOJEtOE J. SMITH, OP EKPRID, INN-KEEPER and Dealer in DRY GOODS and GROOERIES,— and Purchaser of STAVES and LUMBER — tenders his sincere thanks tfrhis nu- merous customers for their liberal sup- port since his comtncnccmcnt in busi- ness. Kkfrid, 1851. OENBSAL PEALEB IN Dry .Goods, Groceries, Liquors,^ Heavy lUrdware, Shelf Good&,C ut-^ lejy, Dyc-Stuff§,^ Paints, Oils, Drugs, McdiQincs, «bo. ^,, and almost every descripliou of Country Piioduce. Main street, Mosa, 1851. Cheap @ash Storci WARDSVILLE, (LATE OF HAMILTON,) GENERAL DEALER in DRY GOODS, HARDWAUE, GROCERIES, and LI- QUOR.S. Tavorn-keeiieis supplied at Toronto prices in JBrandy, Wines, Gin, Rum, 8ic. &c. AVardsvillc, 1861.. M AY be consulted at the Anglo- American Hotel, at all hours. J^r Advice to the poor (gratis.) Wardsville, 1851. AD. WARD tenders his sincere « thanks to his numerous friends and the public for their liberal support at the AnglO'^American HOTEI^, and . liopes that the same will he continued. Wardsville, 1851, < ' ■ 1' 13 EOS to acquaint his fileuds that he ■*-• has removed to the COMMERCIAL HOTEL, nearly opposite the Post-Offioe in Wardsville, which he is fitting-up in a superior manner for the accommodation of those who may favour him with a call. Black Walnut Lumber AT either of my MILLS in Mosa. Also, at my Lumber-Yard, near the Market Square in Wardsville. BENJAMIN GRANT . J. A. McRAE, ~ FASHIONABLE TAILOR, South side of Main Street, WABDSVILLE, Nearly opposite the Anglo-American Hotel, Where all orders in his line will be promptly attended to • -•"*■•>« \blo Ancl mention make to I pay the e, order, uro Baid tent and If of our iL. 6.] up ia all writings i(/s," tlie ITH, in DRY 28,— and UMBER ► his nu- eral sup- i in busi- 3 t)i&t he ERGIAL *ost-Oflioe ting-up in imodation nth a call. mber 1 Mesa. J, near the BANT. i i