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Les diagrammes suivants iliustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 4 5 6 SI n To be tlia Bu( OFFICIAL INFORMATION FOR EiMIG RANTS, ARRIVING AT NEW YORK, AMD WHO ARE UESIROI'S 07 SETTLING IN THE CANADAS; ALSO, EXTRACTS FROM THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR Emigrants ari^iving at Quebec^ AS ISSUED BY A. C. BUCHANAN, ESq. Ills Britannic Majesty's Chief Agent for Emigration to the Canadas. To be obtained without_fee or reward, with every other assistance and advice tliat can benefit the Emigrant proceeding to the Canadas, from James Buchanan, Esq. His Britannic Majesty's Consul, Nassau Street, New York. MONTREAL: TRINTED AT THE GAZETTE OFFICE, ST. JAMES STREE1. 1834. (GRATIS.) EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL INSTRUCTIONS PUULISUKO DK A. C. BUCIIANArV, KS^. Ilii Britannic Mujesli/'* Chief Agent for Emigrauti in Upper and JjOtver L'uuuda. For the information of Emigrants arriving at New York^ and who are desirous of settling in Canada There is nothing of more importance to Emiejrants, on arrival in a strange country, than correct iiilbiniation on tlie leading points connected with their future pursuits. Many have suffered much by a want of caution, and by listening to the opinions of interested and designing characters, who frequently otFer their advice unsolicited, and are met gen- erally about wharves and landing places frequented l>y strangers. To guard Enjigrants from falling into such errors, these instructions have been pre|)ared by His Britannic Majesty's Chief Agent for the superintendence of Emigrants in Upper and Lower Canada. At New York, and on your route to your destination, you will find many plans and schemes offered to your consideration by persons assuming the cha- racter of Land and Emigrant Agents,* without any respon- sibility or authority, (whose object is their own gain,) ire- quently misleading the credulous stranger, hut tu rn a way from all such persons, unless you are well satisfied of the purity of their statements. When you require advice at New York, apply at the office of His Britannic Majesty's Consul, between the hours of ten and two o'clock, daily, (Sundays excepted,) Law Buildings^ Nassau Street. Mr. Buchanan, the (consul, will obtain for all industrious Emigrants who are positively determined to settle in the Oanadas, permission to land their baggage and effects free of custom house duty. {Should * In transmitting home money to aid your friends to come out, or in paying for their passage in New York or the Canadas, be sure of the respectability of the persons with whom you bargain. If in your power, be directed by the Consul at New York, the Chief Agent at Quebec, or the GoTernment Agent at Toronto. I Vork, I yoi; ;equire to exchange your money, go to a respectable rnercliant, or to the Banks, or be directed at the Consul's ofliico. Tiie currency in New York is calculated in dollars and cents, also in shillings and pence ; 100 cents is the current value of the American or Spanish dollar, and 12J cents is equal to what is called a York shillings and eight such shillings equal to five shillings, Halifax currency, or one dollar. The currency* in the Canadas is at the rate of five shillings to the dollar, and is called i/a/t/ax currency ; at present tlie gold sovereign is worth twenty-four shillings,f <:urrcncy, in Alontreal. Many persons are deceived when hearing of the rates of wages, &c. in New York, when stated in shillings — but five shillings in Canada is equal to eight shillings in New York. The par of exchange with England for the dollar is four shillings and sixpence ster- ling, the general rate, which has varied but little for years past, is about four shillings and two pence sterling, or from 7^ to 9J percent, premium, in favour of England, but it is less now. The risk of transport is the principal objection against carrying your specie with you to Canada, as you will generally get as high a premium for it there as in New York ; and you can depend with safety on any of the Banks in Upper or Lower Canada. Besides American Banknotes are not so current in Canada, unless at a discount, when passed in small sums, from one-half to two per cent ; if pos- sessed 01 a considerable amount and in large notes, you may get par, or perhaps a small premium in Montreal. — The American Bank notes most current in Canada, are those of the United States Bank, the State Bank of New York, any of the chartered Banks of the City of New- York, and the Bank of North America, at Philadelphia. In particularising the preceding Banks, I do not wish it to be understood that the other Banks in the State are not equally solvent, the intercourse between Canada and the City of New York creates a preference in favour of its monied institutions. In sending letters from New York to Canada, it is not necessary to pay the American postage, but when in Canada the postage to the American frontier must be paid when the letter is put into the Post Office. — Until Emigrants are thoroughly acquainted with the cus- * In almost every part of Upper Canada, west of Toronto, the New York Currency is more in use than the Halifax or Canada ; that is, the York shilling t.i worth 7^d. Canada Currency; you will therefore mind the distinction in your dealings, by asking the currency meant. Halifax Currency it^ howeverf th« currency recognised by law throughout the Canadas. t The American ihilling Tariei in value in almost every State. torn of the country, it is best that they should appl^ to the Post Master on these points, as the present regulation may be chanpfed and the postage required to insure the letter going forward. Emigrants, wishing to obtain fertile lands in the Canadas in a wild state by purchase Irom the Crown, may rely on every facility being afforded them by the pub- lic authorities. Extensive tracts are surveyed and offered for sale in Upper Canada monthly, and frequently every ten or fourteen days by the Commissioner of Crown Lands, at upset prices, varying according to situation from 10s. to 15s. per acre, excepting in the Townships of Sunnidale and Nottavvasaga, where the upset price of Crown I^ands is 5s. only. In Lower Canada, the Commissioner of Crown Lands at Quebec, puts up land for sale, at fixed periods, in various Townships, nt from 2s. 6d. to l"2s. 6d. Halifax currency, per acre, payable by instalments. Wild lands may also be purchased from the Upper Canada Company, on -very easy terms, and those persons wanting improved farms will find little difficulty in obtaining such from pri- vate proprietors. On no account enter into any final en- gagement for your lands or farms without personal exami- nation^ and be certain of the following qualifications : — 1. — A healthy situation. 2. — Good land. 3. — A pure spring, or running stream of water. 4. — In the neighbourhood of a good moral and religious state of society, and schools for the education of your chil- dren. 6. — As near good roads and water transport as possible, saw and grist mills. 6. — A good title. These advantages you can obtain in the Canadas with more ease to yourself and family, and with prospects of as good success and sure independence, as perhaps in any other portion of the American Continent ; besides, you have the British Laws and Constitution to which you have been ac- customed, with the full benefit of all your industry, and that in a country free to all denominations of Christians, and less burthened with taxes than any other on the face of the globe. Information can be obtained respecting the Country and the Lands to be disposed of in the several Districts, by applying to the following gentlemen. Agents for the Commissioner of Crown Lands in Upper Canada : — Home District, W. Richey, Esq. Township of Sunnidale. Newcastle Disirict, A. M Donald, Esq. Peterboro. Midland District, A. M'Pherson, Esq. Napanee. >-^ i^ - -9 I B ■^ cfT^ 5 Eavstern District, James Pringic, Esq. Cornwall. Ottawa and Batlmrst District, Mr. iM'Naughton, D. S. Bytown. Township of Seymour, Major Campbell. Western District, Henry John Jones, Esq. Chatham. Labourers, house servants, and mechanics, dependent on immediate employment, are recommended to proceed on arrival to the Canadas, where, if industrious, they niay be certain of very advantageous employment at high wages. The Chief Agent will consider such persons as may loiter about the ports of landing beyond one week after arrival, to have forfeited all claims for assistance or employment from the public authorities in Canada, unless they have been detained by sickness^ or some other satisfactory cause. Emigrants on arrival at Toronto, Upper Canada, will obtain every assistance and information requisite for their future guidance, on application to A. B. Hawke, Esq. Go- vernment Agent for Emigrants there. Toronto, formerly York, being the capital of the Pro- vince, and the residence of His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor, and Officers of Public Departments, Emigrants proceeding to the Home or Western Districts, will in ge- neral find it to their advantage, to proceed thither in the first instance. Kingston, Toronto, Belleville, Cobourg, Port Hope, St. Catherines, Niagara, Hamilton, and particu- larly the new City of the Falls of Niagara, will be also found desirable situations for respectable families to stop at, until they finally decide on their settlement. When you have arranged all your business at New York, put up your baggage in as small a compass as possible, marking each package with your name, and where going, carrying nothing with you but your personal necessaries, to avoid the expence of transport, as every thing you may re- quire, including foreign luxuries, can be purchased in Ca- nada as cheap as in most Provincial towns in England or Ireland. You will proceed by Steamboat to Albany, where the great Erie or Western Canal commences, on which you will be conveyed as hereafter stated, to Oswego or further. The rate of passage from New York to Albany varies from 1 to 3 dollars, exclusive of food, and according to accommodations. Emigrant families may get cheaper by some of the Steamboats as deck passengers. If you re- quire any advice at Albany, apply to Mr. Charles Smyth, a very extensive forwarding Agent to Canada, he will advise you on the most economical plan for proceeding by the Ca- JMiiifiiiifiiii m. nnl Boats or Stages, whicli start at frequent periods of the day. Tliero are throe classes of Cnnnl Boats hy wliich passen- gers may proceed, the first is called Packet Boats, which start from Sclienectady (sixteen miles hy land from Albany) every morning and afternoon ; rate of going, 4 miles per hour, including stops ; passage, with hoard and lodging, 3i cents per mile, (less than 2d. sterling.) The second class is called Line Boats, which start from Alhany and Schenectady, rate of going, 2J per hour, including stoppages, passage, 1 cent per mile, without hoard, or with board, li cents, and sometimes, from opposition, less. Third class aio Freight Boats, rate of going, about 2 miles per hour, in which families may be conveyed on cheaper terms, yet I would in general advise passengers (as their circumstances may admit) to proceed either by Packets or Line boats; the Packets are neatly fitted up, and the fare excellent, Large families and steerage passengers in general, go by the Line boats, in which they may victual themselves, or are boarded by the Captain very comfortably, and on moderate terms. Stages leave Albany daily for Oswego and Buffalo, the charge is about 5 cents per mile, (or from 2^d. to 3d. sterling ; rate of going, 5 to 7 miles per hour. From the great confusion and hurry at Albany, Schenectady, Utica, and other places on the route, it behoves passengers to look sharp after their baggage. Emigrant families who intend victualling themselves, will supply themselves at Albany with tea, sugar, bread and butter, &c. on cheaper terms and of a better quality than along the route of the Canal. Avoid exposure at night and drinking cold water when heated, {attend to this particu- larly when at New York^) and be cautious when the Canal Boat is passing under bridges^ as the height from the deck to the arch is seldom more than 18 inches or 2 feet, there- by causing many serious accidents every season to persons who may happen to be on deck or to have fallen asleep, by their getting bruised between the boat and the bridge when passing under. To those who wish to proceed to any part of Upper Canada west of Kingston, and bordering on Lake Ontario or to the Bay of Quinte, or the Districts of New- castle, York, Hamilton, or Guelph, or the line of the Wet- land Canal and Niagara, the route by Oswego will be the most direct and desirable, when the Steamboats are calling regularly at the latter place, and which can be ascertained at the Consul's office in New York, by a reference to the New York Newspapers, or at Albany, to Mr. C. Smyth. 'f^"»ff1 will Those wlio go by Oswogo must prococd no farther hy tlic Erie or Western Canal than Sifracusf, 171 miles from Al- bany and GO hoy(Mi«l Utica; at Syracuse they turn oil" to the right by a branch Canal to Oswego, distance 40 miles. The Stean)boa(s («reat IJrilain and llnit(!d Slates, call this sea- son at Oswego going up and down, LaUc Ontario for the conveyance of passengers to Kingst(»n, ('obourg, Toronto or Niagara, on the following days : — The Great Britain,go- ing up the Lake on Wednesday evening and returning to- wards Kingston and Prescott on Monday morning; the United States, upwards on Monday evening, downwards on Thursday. Sailing schooners depart alMOst daily from Oswego to Niagara, St. Catlierincs and . ;rough the Welland Canal to Lake Erie. At Oswego, Mr. Bronson will give every information Emigrants mny stand in need of. Those destined to the Grand Uiver, Port Stanley, Talbot Settlement, the London District and situations contiguous to Lake Erie and St. Clair,will go on to Buffalo by the Erie Canal. From Buffalo, Steamboats and sailing Schooners ply daily to all the principal landings on the American and Canada shore of Lake Erie, rate of passage moderate. Those wishing to cross to the Niagara frontier, Canada side, from Buffalo,can do so every half hour at the ferry at Black Hock, about 1^ miles from Buffalo, and fourteen above the great Falls of Niagara. From Chippawa, two miles above the great Falls,the British Steamboats Adelaide and Thames make regularly weekly trips to the head of LakeErie on the Canada side, calling at Black Rock and Buffalo each way. Stages are continually going from the ferry on the Canada side, to the City of the Falls and the town of Niagara, on Lake Ontario, from whence a Steamboat proceeds to York every day, except Sunday, at ^ past 12 o'clock. Steam- boats plying to all parts of Lake Ontario are to be met al- most daily at Niagara. Route from New York and Albany by the Erie Canal to all parts of Upper Canada,west of Kingston, by the way of Oswego and Buffalo : — New York to Albany, 160 miles by Steamboat. Albany to Utica, 110 do. by Canal or Stage. Utica to Syracuse, 55 Syracuse to Oswego, 40 Syracuse to Rochester, 99 Rochester to Buffalo, 93 Total expense from Albany to Buffalo, by Canal exclu- sive of victuals for an adult steerage passenger — time going do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. about sovon or eight days — 3 dollars G3 cents, do. by pack- et boats and found, \2\ dollars, six days going. Do. do. by stage in 3j| and 4 duys — 13 to 15 dollars. Do. do. from Albany to Oswego by Canal 5 days going, 21 dollars. Do. do. bv stage 2 days, 6J to 7 dollars. No extra charge for a moderate quantity (»f baggage. Route from New York to Montreal,Quebec and all parts o' Lower Canada : — New York to Albany, 160 miles by Steamboat, 1 to 3 dollars, exclusive of food. Albany to Whitehall by Canal, 73 miles, 1 dollar, Stage 3 dollars. Whitehall to St. John's, by Stcnmbcat, board included, cabin 5 dollars. Deck passage 2 dollars without board. St. John's to Laprairic, IG miles per Stage, 5s. to 7s. 6d. Laprairie to Montreal, per ferry Steamboat, 8 miles 6d. Montreal to Quebec, by Steamboat, 180 m!!es,cttbin, found 26s. Deck passage, not found, 7s. 6d. Those proceeding to the Eastern Townships of Lower Canada in the vicinity of Sherbrooke, Stanstead, &c. &c., will proceed to St. John's, from whence good roads lead to all the settled Townships Eastward. If they are going to the Ottawa River,they will proceed from Montreal and La- chine, from whence Stages, Steamboats and Batteaux go daily to Grenville, Hull and Bytown, as also to Chateau- guay, Glengary, Cornwall, Prescott and all parts below Kingston. Emigrants can avail themselves of the advice and assist- ance of the following gentlemen : — At Montreal, Carlisle Buchanan, Esq- Prescott, John Patton, Esq. A. C. BUCHANAN, Chief Jgent. « ■I Emigrant Departmenty ) Quebec, May 1, 1834. J t t For the information of Emigrants arriving at Quebec, Office n_f Hit Majeity*» Chief Agent fnr the Superintendence of Ktuigrant* in Upper and Lower Canar/a. — Quebec, May 6, 1HS4. To ^uard Emigrants froni falling into errors, thoy should, imnicdiulcly on arrival at Quebec, proceed to the ollice of the Chief Agent for Emigrants, Lower Town, where every information requisite for their future guidance in either getting settlement on Lands, or obtaining employment in Upper or Lower Canada will bo obtained gratis. — On your nmte from Quebec to your destination you will fmd many plans and schemes otlered to your consideration, but turn away from them, unless you are well satisfied of the purity ot the statements: on all occasions when you stand in need of advice, apply only to the fJovernment Agents, who will give every information recpiired, gratis. Emigrants are informed that they may remain on board Ship forty- eight hours after arrival, nor can they be deprived of any of their usual acc(»mmo(laii(/ns for cooking oi berthing during that period, and the Master of the Ship is bound to land Emigrants and their baggage free of expence at the usual landing places, and at seasonable hours. Should you recpiire to change your English money, go to some respectable Merchant or Dealer, or the Banks; the currency in the Canadas is at tl)e rate of 5s. the dollar, and is called Halifax currency ; at present the gold sovereign is worth about 23s. 4d. currency. Emigrants who wish to settle in Lower Canada or to obtain employment, are informed that many desirable situa- tions are to be met with. Wild lands of superior quality may l)e obtained by purchase on very easy terms from the Conmiissioner of Crown lands in various Townships in the Province, and good farm labourers and mechanics are much in request, particularly in the Eastern Townships, where also many excellent situations and improved farms may be purchased from private proprietors. At the various public works now in progress in Upper and Lower Canada, many artificers and labourers will fmd immediate employment. Routes to the principal Settlements^ ^c. in Lower Canada: District of Quebec, south side of the St. Lawrence, Town- ship of Frampton, and Kennebec road, 36 miles from Quebec, by Point Levi. ^w. 10 Craig's road aiul settlements, &c. — From the market slip in the Lower Town of Quebec, ferry boats go daily, as the tide suits to St. Nicholas, 12 miles up the river on the south side, where Craig's road begins, which leads to Richardson's tavern in the Seigniory of St. Giles, 30 milts from Quebec, to New Argyle, in the Seigniory of St. Croix, 8 miles farther, and to the Settlements of Ulster, Yorkshire, Dublin, and New Hamilton, in the thriving I'ownship of Inverness, by tho now road on your right hand as you pass Richardson's tavern. Continuing on Craig's road 12 miles beyond Richardson's, brings you to the thriving Township of Leeds, 8 miles farther to New Irelana, thence on to Chester, Dudswell, Tingwick, and Shipton. Craig's road is pretty good about 60 miles from Quebec, beyond which it is not at present passable for carriage transport, but is ex- pected shortly to be so. Eastern Townshipsof Lower Canada. — The present route is by Three Rivers, 90 miles above Quebec, by Steam boat, here cross the St. Lawrence to the south side and proceed to Sherbrooke, by Nicolet, La Baie and Drummondville, or you may proceed to Sorel, 40 miles above Three Rivers on the south side of the St. Lawrence, and there disembark. A good road leads from Sorel to Sherbrooke by Yamaska and Drummondville. Sherbrcoke is the capital of the Eastern Townships, and is surrounded by thriving villages and settlements, where industrious farming labourers or mechanics are much in request ; it is also in the vicinity of the lands purchased by the Lower Canada Land Company. Chamblyis about 40 miles from Sorel, and 18 from Mont- real, on the south side of the St. Lawrence ; this route leads you to St. Cesaire and Yamaska Mountain. Chateauguay, Godmanchester, and Sherrington, are from 25 to 40 milesfrom Montreal, south side of the St. Law- rence — conveyances daily by steam from Lachine. On the north side of the river St. Lawrence, in the District of Quebec, and vicinity, are the settlements of Beauport, Waterloo, Stoneham, Tewkesbury, Valcartier, Jacques Cartier, Deschambault, Port Neuf. &c. and 20 miles further that of St. Ann's. In the vicinity of Three Rivers and Berthier, farming emigrants may settle to much advantage. — New Glasgow in the Seigniory of Terrebonne, lies north of Montreal. Persons bound to the Townships bordering on the Ottawa river, particularly Hull, Lochaber, Templeton, &c. will take their route and departure from Montreal and Lachine, and proceed by the usual conveyance. 11 larket |aily, as on the lads to milbs Croix, •kshire, Iship of >u pass 12 miles jwnship on to ;'s road hich it t is ex- it route n boat, troceed 'ille, or i^ers on mbark. iniaska of the (tillages rers or inity of tnpany. I Mout- e leads re from . Law- )istrict iuport, icques iirther irming asgow itreal. ttawa II take B, and tn various situations in Lower Canada on both sides of the St. Lawrence, there are many excellent farms and lands to be obtained ; tlio names of the proprietors, &c. may be known on application at this oiBce. The principal situations in Upper Canada where arrange- ments are made for locating Emigrjints, are in the Bathurst, Midland, Newcastle, Home, London, and Western Districts. vSettlers with means will have opportunities of purchasing Crown Lands in several parts of the Province at the monthly sales, information of which maybe obtained on application at the Crown Land OlHce, Toronto, late York, or to A. E. Hawke, Esq. the Government Agent for Emigrants there, to whom they will apply on arrival for such farther advice as they may require. Wild Lands and improved farms can also be purchased in almost every district from the Canada Company, and private proprietors. Emigrants proceeding to Upper Canada above Kingston, either by the Ottawa or St. Lawrence route, are advised to supply themselves with provisions at Montreal, such as bread, tea, sn<]jar, and butter, which they will purchase cheaper and of bolter quality than along the route. They are also particularly cautioned against the use of ardent spirits or drinking cold river water, or lying on the banks of the river exposed to the night dews ; they should proceed at once from the Steam boat at Montreal for Lachine, 8 miles above, from whence the Durham and Steam boats start for Prescott and Bytown daily. At Montreal, Carlisle Buchanan, Esquire, Assistant Agent to this Department, will give to Emigrants such advice and assistance as they may require, and at Lachine they will find a convenient barrack log-house, where chose wishing may remain for the night, and avoid exposure and the expense of lodgings. John Patton, Esq. the Government Agent at Prescott, will render every advice and assistance to Emigrants. Routes to the principal places in Upper Canada are as follows : — Quebec to Montreal by Steam boats, 5s. to 7s. 6d. — Mon- treal to Kingston, by Prescott, 7s. 6d. to 10s. From do. toKingston by Bytown, and the Rideau Canal, 12s. 6d. From Prescott Steam boats and Sailing Schooners ply daily to Kingston, the Bay ol Quinte, Cobourg, Port Hope, Toronto, Flamilton, Si. Catherines, and Niagara. From St. Catherines you may pass thro' the Welland Canal to Lake Erie and the Western Townships ; and from Chippawa 12 above the F^J...- ,» i