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CIHM/ICMH 
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 1980 
 
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 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
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 5 
 
 6 
 
No. 21. 
 
 Wag es and W ork, 
 
 The Working man's Interest in the National Policy. 
 
 THE PUR CHASING POWEgHp F WAGES. 
 
 Creat De creased Cost of Groceries. 
 
 OLOTHINa AND FUEL CHEAPER UNDE R THE N. P. 
 
 WORKINGMEN STAND BY YODR FRIENDS. 
 
 There can be no doubt that the reliability 
 and thorongbness of every branch of industry 
 depends considerably on the man wiio raani- 
 pniates the material, for in a thousand and 
 one ways, neglect and indiflferenco m results 
 may counterl3alauce even the virtues of good 
 steel and sound timlwr. An experienced 
 employer orce said, " I give the best wages I 
 can, for the reason that the sa.ne man does 
 l)Blter work when contente<l than he can 
 when he is not contented." Tliis fact is in 
 lino witli universal experience, and in the 
 close, hot race of nations and trades for sup 
 remacy and markets, tlie cliaracter of work- 
 manship is coming to tlie front as the 
 supreme factor- 
 Under the National I'olicy, workmen liavi^ 
 received higher wages and fuller employ- 
 ment. The tendency is always in both these 
 directions. To aboHsli or impairthe UHefulness 
 of tlie National I'olicy, lot oppcments take 
 charge and tinker at the tariff', and the result 
 must lie injury to all the interests of labor. 
 Wages must come <lown, if the National Po- 
 licy iH not kept in the hands of a government 
 honestly its friends. In a previous \mymr it 
 has lieen shown that waTOS in 1886 were one 
 quarter more than in 1878. What working- 
 man (li'siros to run any risk of bringing 
 wages down ? But he creates that risk by 
 voting for those who are not the tried, true 
 an<l h(jn(i8t friends of the Nationjil Policy. 
 Ho paves tlie way for turning liimaclf in'o a 
 Irnniji wandering around in scnrcli of work, 
 by casting a vote for u <lonlitful naudidute or 
 the supporter of a party wlioso turirt' jKilicy, 
 as lirandod by some hundreds of mnnufaclu- 
 rors and millers in Toronto the otlier day, 
 " is iiivoivod, uncertain and indefinite.'' 
 • Not oidy have tlio wages of flie working- 
 man heen greatly in.'reased, but the purclia- 
 sing [lower of those wages has, on :he whole, 
 lieen increased 18 jwr cent., overything a man 
 and his wife and family want, taken in tlie 
 large, being choaijer now than in 1878. A 
 few sample bills are given U) show this fact ; 
 
 iMo.itreal, ;ird Kebruary, 1887. 
 
 KvKKV CoNRUMKll DkBTOH 
 
 for the difference 
 
 To the National Policy 
 lietween these two bills : 
 
 187K 
 :24 Ih. Biignr gmiiulatod . . . i9 nu (2.38 
 
 ;nb. I«ii 6(lo ■ -" 
 
 5 ll> coffee JWo 
 
 Bib.butUir 20o 
 
 1 lb. olioe»:o lOo 
 
 M lb. fluiir, |ior bri $5 
 
 14 lb. outnieal 2)o 
 
 1 (hI. syrup tXlo 
 
 I Kftl. motHSses 56o 
 
 .'t liiif Halmoii '. ... 25o 
 
 1 biit*b. potatoes 6^'o 
 
 Sgiila. ooal oil.C'an 30a 
 
 3 6 lb. loavM brMd 20a 
 
 $9.«7 $7.65 
 
 Out of a ten dollar bill, a customer received 
 3o in change in 1878, and $2.85 in change in 
 1880. 
 
 (Average retail prices for the same quality 
 of each article at a corresponding period in 
 eacli year are taken.) 
 
 Montreal, 3rd February, 1887. 
 
 EVBBY IIoCBUnOLDBB DEBTOR 
 
 To the National Policy for tlie difiereuce 
 lietween these two bills : 
 
 1878. 
 
 10 yds. gny ootton •ISlo SI -^ 
 
 lOyds. whitoojtton Ho 
 
 8 yd^.coliircd ootton 16o.. 
 
 ."Sydd. cbeoli iMtton 2l|o 
 
 6ydfl. giiiRhiiUifl lH|o 
 
 6 yd>. wool tweeda B7io 
 
 19.98 t7.M 
 
 Uut of a ten dollar bill, a customer m<«ived 
 ic chADge in 1878, but $'2M change in 1886. 
 (Average rtttail price* for the same quality 
 of l{<XKla are taken in each year at a corres- 
 ponding period.) 
 
 MoNTRBAi., 3rd February, 188/. 
 
 EVBKY HOUSBHOLDHR DbBTOB 
 
 To the National Policy for the difference 
 between these two bills : 
 
 1R78. 1886. 
 
 4 tons store coal ... &$S.2!i $2^.00 0$6.6O $21,00 
 
 jchal.roks S.OO 1.50 250 115 
 
 10 gal. coal oil M S.OO 23 2..30 
 
 $87..50 i^.^ 
 
 Out of four ten do'.lars bills, a cuotomer 
 received $2..i0 change in 1878, and $10.45 
 change in 1886. 
 
 For $33 in 1878 a customer got 4 loads of 
 coal : for $33 in 1886 a customer got 5 loads 
 of coal and 50 cents change. 
 
 For $18 in 1878 a customer got fi chaldroua 
 coke ; for $18 in 1880 a customer got 7 chal- 
 drons coke and 50 cents change. 
 
 h'or $8 in 1878 a custouier got 10 gallons 
 Can. coal oil ; for $3 in 1886 a customer got 
 13 galls. Can coal oil. 
 
 'Average retail prices for the same ijiiallty 
 are taken for corresponding jwriods in each 
 year; if givs instead of oil W(*ro used, the 
 percentago saved would be still liighor.) 
 
 That tlic «luty han nn ellVii*! on 
 tlii> price of cokI Im morii in the 
 fact tliat°tii« Haiiie quality urf^oul 
 MeilN at tiie same price in Hujtton 
 nt« in Montreal. 
 
 Labour, with its hundred hands, knocks at 
 tlie door of the morning, asking lor >vork 
 during tlie day that the families may he ku[i- 
 plied witli the food and clothing and coinfoit- 
 able lionies they are ontitled to- Free trade 
 looks out of the upper window and demands 
 in gruff voice, " What do you want ?" 1 have 
 no work fi>r you. 1 buy my cottons in Man- 
 chester or Lowell, my woollens in Kngland, 
 my sugar in New I'ork, my coal ir 1 ,'insyl- 
 vania, in fact all 1 want from o)'' •^ta'imhcd 
 centres. If an industry in C ■' ':■ vannot 
 maintain itself in the face of tlu' i ,,: :ir coin- 
 lietition of outside muriufacti.rors, let it go 
 down. The artisan that cannot find work 
 here in the line to whiclihe iiaslxieii brought 
 up must either go elsowhere or turn farmer 
 or lumberman. 
 
 Protection hears the knock, o[K)nB llie door, 
 and tells the labour of the country. " I know 
 that varied occupations are needed in a new 
 land as well ac in an old country. All cannot 
 be farmers, foi then would there be no on.' 
 to purchase the surplus of the farm. The 
 more occupations there are in a country, tlio 
 more chances for employment. The gifts 
 bestowed on men are varied. One makes u 
 
 ?;ood machinist, but woi id make a iKior 
 iirmer. Another can operate within a fac- 
 tory, but die in an open air pursuit Oik; 
 can fish and another can run a locomc '.ivc. 
 One can oi'ganize work for others and bring 
 into play liis p<)wors of organization. So the 
 country to thrive must have varied employ- 
 ment. The first duty of > country is to look 
 after its own sons and ilaughters. I purpose 
 that there ahall lie wvjrk for all. llen<'<i 1, 
 tirstofall, prevent outsiders dumping llieir 
 surplus prodm^ta into this country, wiiich 
 they are more apt to do when times are 
 depressetl, thus removing part of the de- 
 pression from themselTdfl and increasing it 
 among others. Then I use means to estali- 
 lish, strengthen and develop various in- 
 dustries, the more the better, so I'jj to give 
 every one Uiat wants to work, a (diaiice to 
 do 80 at the employment which Ixist suits." 
 Gruff, surly, unfeeling Free Trivdo is re- 
 
 S resented in Canada by the op|x)nonl« of the 
 lational Policy. Kindly, sympathetic, 
 labour-helping Protection ia in Canada repre- 
 sented by the friends of the Jlational Policy. 
 Hon. Mr. Blake says : ''Tho principles of 
 Free Trade are, in ray iudgmont, undeniable. 
 I hoyn the world will come to them. I 
 desire, as far as possible, to promoto those 
 principles " Sir .lolin Macdonald moves and 
 Huptiorts the famous resolution of 1876, 
 which gf-* birth to the National Policy. 
 
r»M