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'^' . f •■s.\ WITTP .Si ■.! '4^->^#fe i-ss?. £i^s^ite«''.'x THE PICTURE OF CANADA, VOR E M I G R A T O R S. BY JOSEPH MILES COBBETT. .■■•■s.\ . I LONDON: i WITTENOOM AND CREMER, 4. CORNHILL; AND T. GRIFFITHS, 13, WELLINGTON STREET, STRAND. ,;.' .'J' 1832. T. O. WHITE AND CO., PRINTERS, CRANE COURT, FLEET STREET, LONDON. , TO THE READER. I ^M a plain man in all that I say and do; but I shall not be the less acceptable to you on that account. I do not write for the perusal of empty-headed coxcombs, but to give a certain quantity (I hope it will be found a great deal) of information to plain, homely, industrious, and in- telligent English farmers and mechanics. Idle and drunken people had better lay out their money (if they have any) in some other way than in buying this book — it will be so much waste-paper to them — it is only the honest, sober, and active farmer or mechanic, who may have scraped up a tlifle of money, that the following pages are written for. I have spared no pains to avoid hard words andj^Mc speeches, and all such stuff: in Lan- cashire, 1 believe they call '\tjlummery. London, 18S!i. THE PICTURE OF CANADA You are an Englishman ; and therefore I am surr you have an attachment to your country, in spite of the distresses which a set of profligate mi- nisters have brought upon you. These plunderers have managed the state just as they thought proper, till it now resembles one great poor-house, with a few fat, proud, and wealthy fellows for overseers. Now, what the country will come to, when the people in the great poor-house have the last crust of bread torn from their hands by these fat, proud, and wealthy fellows, the overseers, 1 have no need to say. You may be sure of this, there will be gnashing of teeth and sack-cloth-and-ashes for many millions of people ; and therefore I think you cannot do better than get out of the way of so much calamity, particularly if you have a wife and children. I said you were fond of your country ; so am I — and so is every man of proper feelings — and it will be your first enquiry, after you have made up your mind to Emigrate, ' what country is most like my own, without its taxes, tithes, ^c. Sfc. V — This question I will answer for you, for I am an old traveller : it is Upper Canada. — We will begin then with, 1. Lower Canada. 2. Upper Canada. LOWER CANADA. If you will draw a line on the map through the middle of two large lakes, one called Lake Erie, and the other, Lake Ontario, you may fancy the line that divides Lower and Upper Canada from the United States of America. It may seem strange to you, — but, what is called Lower Canada is north of Upper Canada : it is a long strip of country stretching from the Atlantic, about a thousand miles to the westward. The principal river is the St. Lawrence, which is a remarkably fine, broad, navigable stream all the way from the sea to Montreal. Montreal is a fine city built upon an Island, and is 580 miles from the sea. Quebec is the principal city however, and you come to it before you reach Montreal, for it is also situated on the river St. Lawrence, and is nearly 400 miles from the sea. The whole line of the river St. Lawrence from Quebec, as far as Lake Ontario, presents on both its banks an extremely handsome appearance. Neat white-washed farm-houses, with garden plots, and barns, and pretty clumps of trees, form a sort of long village all the way from Quebec to Montreal. These are not so numerous from Montreal to Lake Ontario, but still they are in tolerable plenty. From Qiiebec to the sea (400 miles) there is hardly a hiunnn habitation. CLIMATE OK LOWFU CANADA. Tlie climute of Lower Canada is severe. The winter is six months lonj,', anil very sharp. ']'he average cohl of winter is 2" helow Zero : and the average heat of sunnner is 78". In spite of these extremes, how- ever, the elimate is very heahhy. The summer is too hot to be agreable, and it mutst be owned the Mosipiitoes are rather nnmerous. November, Deeember, and April, are very wet, snowy, unpleasant months; but, January, Fel>ruary, and Mar( h, are delightful : it is then a hard frost, and the people make a long liolid.iy of it, and go about in sledges visiting their friends for days together. Tlie travelling in this way is so easy and ex- peditious, that they sometimes go eighty miles a day with the same horse. i POPULATION, ^80,000. — Eight tenths are descendants from original I'Vench settlers : the remainder are British and American emigrants. I'hc city of Quebec contains 18,000: Montreal 15,000 : Trois Rivieres .3,000. SOIL. The soil in the northen parts is extremely barren. From Quebec to Montreal it is tolerably good ; and from Montreal to Upper Canada it keeps gradually improving till it becomes as productive as any in the world. Fair arable land in good situations sells for 51. per acre : Wood land for 7t. per acre. The crops of whent at Montreal are not over abundant: the orchards succeed : the grass land is good. PRODUCTS AND STOCK. There are 4,5()0,000 acres in cultivation, and there are 1, 'ZOO, 000 bur' els of grain sown yearly : there are 8.5,000 horses: .'300,000 cattle: 310,000 sheep: 2 10,000 swine. All the animals are small. Sheep have but a scanty coarse fleece. Swine are bad. The poultry is capital. Plenty of fisli and birds. The bears, wolves, and bufl'aloes seldom approach the old settlements. There are a great many sn!»kes in the woods, but near the St. Lawrence they are not numerous. 'J'he exports, by way of Quebec, consists of furs, pot and pearl-asb, wheat, flour, and timber. They make sugar from the sap of the maple-tree, and very excellent it is. The bread is not good and is very dear ; a llbs.white loaf fetches Gd. or 8d. The vegetables are excellent and cheap. Strawberries and raspberries are abundant, but other fruit is dear. TRADE. The imports consist of the manufacttires of Great Britain generally, and of tea, tobacco and wines, oranges and lemons. 'I'he ship-building is chiefly carried on at a town called Sorelle, fifty miles from Montreal, nearer to Quebec. The usual burthen of the vessels is from 50 to 200 tons; they are floated down to Quebec, and then rigged. The blocks and cordage are brought from England, so arc tlie bolts : these circmn- stauces, together with the high rate of wages, materially lessen the profits of the sliip-builder. I OCMXRAL OniKRVATIONB. The French Cnnndinns are a very polite and hospitable people, and arc generally in ca^y circumstances. Their houses are built of logs, and are stuccoed with clay ; they arc usually of only one story, and contain four rooms, the walls of which are washed with lime-water inside and out, which they told me answered better than paint. Four-fiAhs of the inhabi- tants speak French. 'JMie governor represents the king, and appoints a legislative council for liower Canada of fifteen persons for life. The House of Assembly consists of fifty members, chosen by those who have a freehold of the yearly value of forty shillings, or houses in a town of the yearly value of 5l. ; also, by those who have resided in a town twelve months, and paid a rent of 10/. per annum for a house. House rent, European goods, and servants' wages, are very dcnr ; there are no direct taxes. On the whole, you will perceive that Lower Canada is not the place for an emigrant who is desirous of materially improving his condition and becoming a landed proprietor. If, however, you have no knowledge of Agriculture, and urc in other respect? a good workman, you may be sure of work in Lower Canada. If nothing offers immediately from pri- vate sources, the GOVERNMENT pledget itself to give you work. UPPB'i CANADA. This is something like a country for an emigrant, p?»rticularly if he be a Fa KM F a. I begin, you will perceive, by describing to you what those countries are. I want you to make up your mind, and then, at the (lui of the l)ook, I will show you how you arc to manage about getting aboard of ship, and what you are to do on your arrival. Upper Canada is called by many the garden of the western world, and if the forests were a little more thinned, I think they would not be telling a lie to say so. I never yet heard of an industrious emigrant who did not thrive in the course of four years. Mind, I said an industrious emigrant; and I can truly assert, that of this class, many are now rich men, who, when they arrived, had not 5l. left in their pockets to bless themselves with. It is certainly most advisable that you should have 100/. in hand on yoiir arrival, for then you may at once become an independent land- holder. No landlord — and no tithes ! — and as to taxes,they do not amount to five shillings a year on an estate of 100 acres. You ascend in a steam-boat from Montreal to Kingston ; the time re- quired is seven days. Kingston is situated in a bay at the north-east end of Lake Ontario ; it is a town of great trade. From Kingston you pro- ceed by the steamer along L;tke Ontario to York, whicli is the capital of Upper Canada. Now, from Quebec to this same York, it is a distance of about 500 miles ; but you need not be under any uneasiness, for the Canada Company will take you all the way, free of expense, and will then put you in the way of choosing, among the best lands in the province, for a place of settlement. Come, come — this is some encouragement. CLIMATE OF UPPER CANADA. The climate of Upper Canada is very superior indeed to that of Lower Canada. It is is murli milder both as it respects the summer and the 8 winter. The latter sets in about Christmas, and disappears before the end of March. This is a period extremely favourable to land carriage, by means of sledges drawn by oxen or horses across the frozen snow. The cold is greater than that of this country, but it is not much felt on account of the extreme dryness of the air. The summer heats are much more agreeable than those of this country, for there are always fresh breezes and a clear sky. There is much less rain than in this climate ; it falls in the spring and autumn regularly and tolerably heavily, and then you have done with it, or nearly so, for the rest of the year. Ours ought to be called an umbrella climate. |i - ■ ;. „-..;■.;., '.. •'.,. SOIL. Taken altogether, I can conscientiously assert that the soil of Upper Canada is about as productive as any in the whole world. You may always discover the nature of it by the kind of timber it bears. On what is called Aarrf-timbered land, where the maple, beech, black-birch, ash, cherry, lime, elm, oak, black walnut, butter-nut, hickory, plane and tulip- tree, &c. are found, the soil is a deep black loam.* If the fir and hem- lock-pine are in a large proportion to other trees, clay is abundant. Where these trees grow to the exclusion of other kinds, which is generally in high situations, sand always prevails : this is also the case when the oak and chesnut are the only trees. This sandy soil is by no means to be overlooked, as you will see when I come to consider the subject of agriculture. There are plenty of rivers and springs, and very little marsh, mountain, or waste land throughout the whole of the province. - ^ FACE OF THE COUNTRY. ' Instead of taking you by long strides over the map of a country which you have never seen, and so leaving you in the dark, I will confine my observations to a tract which I consider in every respect the most eligible. It consists of a million of acres, and belongs to the Canada Company. It is the finest bit of land in the whole continent of America. I prefer it, not only on account of the richness of the soil, but also because its situa- tion is by far the best for trading purposes. It is in the form of a triangle, the small end of which is inland : the base lies upon Lake Hnron, and is sixty miles long. Within this sixty miles there are four rivers ; the prin- cipal one is the river Maitland ; it is a fine stream, and what is of as much consequence, it has an excellent harbour, where vessels of two hundred tons may lie in perfect security. This harbour is attached to a new and flourishing town called Goderich. Goderich is increasing every day by the influx of old colonists, who sell their cultivated farms in the eastern part of the country, and come to settle near Lake Huron. They have bought a great deal of land at about 7*. Gd. to 10;?. per acre. This cir- cumstance is as much in favour of your emigrating, as if I were to write a book about it as big as the fat old Duke of Buckingham — for these old colonists are very knowing ones, and no doubt expect to make a good bar- ♦ The words nf the Canada Company's su/-veyor, and lie is a very clever man, ^re Ihese :— •" The . o ality of the soil in the Huron territory is sndi, th:U I liave not swn iU equal in the prow ^e. It is composed, generally, of a deep, rich, h/iirfc lonm, nnd Ihinhf wooded' 9 gain of their land in four or five years. Goderich is a port of entry which insures it a large trade with the upper country, and with tlie United States opposite. I say *' insures it" by which 1 mean that in a few years the trade must, from the situation and the productions of the town, be considerable. It is also to be observed, that there is no other harbour on the Canadian side of the lake. There is a grist-mill, a saw-mill, and brick-kiln,* in full work at Goderich. The scenery on the river Mait- land will put you more in mind of England than any other that I know of in America. As to the roads, there are two very good ones, one from Goderich to London in a southern direction ; the othex from Goderich to Wilmot and Guelph,f in an eastern direction. By these roads, cattle and provisions are supplied in abundance, and also by water conveyance from the old-established settlements of Sandwich, Amherstburg, and Detroit. The company engage to spend 50,000/. in the making of roads, water- communications, churches, schools, bridges, wharfs, &c., in the Huron tract. LABOUR. It will be impossible that for many years persons arriving in Upper Canada, even if they go there merely in the capacity of labourers, can want work. In a new country, which offers such inducements to emigratory of small property. Labourers must be in demand, and have high wages. By Labourers, I mean, Blacksmiths, Carpenters, Bricklayers and Plasterers, Masons, Coopers, Millwrights, and Wheelwrights. In addition to these, farmer's labourers will always find employment. At York there is a very comfortable house prepared by the Canada Company for those emigrants who require a temporary lodging on their arrival ; and the superintendant of that house will look out for employment for those who lodge there. As to the prices of labour, and the general condition of trade and agriculture, you will find them under the following heads. AGRICULTURE. The expense of clearing the land, and sowing for crop is 3/. 10s. per acre. The soil does not need manure, and, therefore, no particular regard need be paid to the succession of crops. Wheat is generally harvested in July or the beginning of August, and rye can then be sown on the same ground to advantage. The rye crop can be laid down with clover and grass seed, which will continue to furnish good meadow and pasture for four or five years, if the ground be not wanted. If it be wanted, then the ground is ploughed up before winter, and in the spring it is put into peas. • There is plenty of brick-earth and potters' clay all round the town. f I may be deemed partial if I do not give some account of Guelph, in the GoRK district. The town of Guelph is situated more in the interior of the country, and stands east of Goderich about 155 niilen, and from Guelph to Dundas, on lake Ontario, the dis- tance is 27 miles. There is now a main road from Guelph to Dundas. Gr?in is shipped at Dundas for the Montreal market. Guelph has already 200 houses, a capital stone grist-mill, a saw-mill, schools, taverns. At the last, you may have board and lodging on very moderate terms. The inhabitants amount to about 1 ,000. Building lots of a quarter of an acre, in the town, sell for 10/. Lots of land, partially cleared, may be had here at 16«. per acre, with log-houses, barns, &c. This arises from the circumstance, that the persons who have thus partially cleared the land, were originally in very destitute circum- stances, and arc willing to sell their land, so as to remove to the HURON territory. 10 spring w)ieat, Indian corn, barley, oats, or buck-wheat, all of which answer very well. Peas and spring wheat rather benefit the land than otherwise. The leaves and tops of Indian corn are excellent food for cattle, especially milch cows. After the latter crops I have just mentioned, wheat may be sown again. Upon land that is newly cleared, potatoes and turnips suc- ceed well, as a first crop. Potatoes are put into the ground with a hand- hoe from the beginning of May till the middle of June. Turnips are sown about the first week in August, when the greatest heat has subsided : the Jly has then disappeared, and all rhey want is the harrow. The new land is never ploughed for the first crop. Timothy grass deserves to be, and is, much cultivated : it affords a large burden of the best hay, besides good afler-grass : it is best mi'^ed with clover, which it supports, and, by this means, matting is prevented. The heat is too great for beans. Flax and hemp grow well. Melons thrive excellently in the open air. The product in wheat varies from twenty to forty bushels per acre : the average crop is thirty-two bushels. A second crop equally good, is often taken. White peas are admirable. The land is generally level; and the quantity of wheat sown is one bushel to an acre. Os^en are 12/. a pair; horses 10/. to 12/. each; cows 6/. Sheep are not numerous . the Leicester breed is wanted. PRICES OF PROVISIONS AMD LABOUR. PROVISIONS. *. d. Wheat 4 10 per bushel. Barley 3 Rye 3 Oi Oats 1 7 Indian Corn ..3 8 Peas 3 Flour 1/. 5 per barrel uf 196 lbs. Beef 3 per lb. Mutton 3^ Pork 3 Tallow 4 Lanl 4i Butter, fresh . .0 8| Cheese 6 Eggs 7 per dozen. Geese 3 6 per couple. Turkeys 3 Ducks 1 8 Fowls 1 2 Hay 2/. 10 per ton. LABOUR. t. d. Stonemasons .6 6 per day. Bricklayers 8 Brickmakers 7 Plasterers 7 Carpenters and Joiners ... .6 Cabinet-makers 6 Sawyers 8 Painters and Glaziers 5 Coopers 6 Shipwrights 9 Blacksmiths 4 9 Wheelwrights 5 Tailors and Shoemakers wanted : plenty of work at English prices. Farm Servants 4s. to 6s. per day, and plenty of work. ,l\ .(.:>'^;i; DOMESTIC TRADE. SUGAR. not sul Co\ Maple sugar is made in the month of March, by boring the tree two inches deep, and two wide. You put a trough under to catch k, then boil it over a slow fire. One tree gives Sib. weight every year. Some settiera make l,200lbs. in a season. wri thiJ abl 11 answer trwise. pecially may be ps suc- Ei hand- re sown ed : the lerv land , and is, es good by this Flax and icre : the good, is and the I. a pair; Leicester d. 6 per day. 9 • d : plenty of irm Servants y of work. I POT AMD PEARL-ASH. These articles are, you know, used in great quantities in this country and all over Europe, for bleaching, making soap, and dyeing. The clearing of land, therefore, may be made by you a profitable concern. In order to make pot-ash you cut the trees down and burn them. In a new country neighbours are more civil than in an old one : you help your neighbours, and they help you. The axe you ise is in the shape of a wedge. After cutting a deep notch, two men use the saw and cut the tree nearly through, and then fell it. After that you drag it, by means of oxen, to a little dis- tance, where you make a heap of trunks, piling them alongside and over each other, as well as you can : when you have got a sufficient quantity you set fire to it: you then gather up the ashes, mix them with one-third of lime, and then put the whole into a vat, and pour in water till the vat is half full. The water remains in the vat twenty-four hours, and then, pulling out a spicket, you let the water d-'ibble out into a long trough. The water so drained becomes a strong lye, of a dark brown colour. The lye is then put into common boilers and kept boiling for six hours, till it has a claret colour ; it is then ladled out into wooden coolers, and becomes a solid body like grey stone — this is pot-ash. Pearl-ash is not very different from pot-ash : it is made with a little more attention ; that is to say, it is finally calcined in an oven for four or five hours. The hardest woods afford the best pot and pearl-ash, and the most of it. lbs. Product. 500 Beech . . . . 112 lbs of pot-ash. 500 Hickory . . 95 500 Elm . . 85 500 Oak . . 59 500 Maple . . . 50 Two men can make a ton of pot-ash easily in three weeks ; and the average value of this quantity is 30/. sterling. Further, I think you can- not do better than read the annexed letters — they are from persons who were situated like yourselves, but who became ivise in time — and you will see the fruits of Emigration by their letters. It is my opinion, thai if they had gone to any other country they would not have been better off, perhaps not so well off, as they were here. But you will see that they are becoming independeit landholders, — " men of substance," with plenty for their families to the fiftieth generation. ke tree two it, then boil jme settlers Copies of Letters from Settlers in Upper Canada to their Friends here. Goderich, Lake Huron, 16M October, 1831. My dear Brother, It is with much pleasure I now fulfil niy promise in writing to you. I suppose you would like to know all you can respecting this country ; I will endeavour to write to you in the best manner I am able. I; Many persons at home told me that I was insane to think of coming here, and as I heard so much against the country at the time, by those who knew nothing about the pi ice, I really thought I was so ; but I thought I would, at all events, give it a trial. Now I can speak for myself, and find it fully and doubly answers my expectations. I was told, once 1 got here, I should never have it in my power to come back again ; but in this, I say they are quite mistaken. I have plenty of work at the carpentering trade, and am well paid for doing it. This is a good country for an industrious person ; he may live well and be more independent than in England. I like Goderich very much : the longer I am here the better I like it, and better I am likely so to do. This is a finer country than any in all America. The town stands in a most beautiful situation, and is likely to be as fine a place as any in the province of Upper Canada. Around about the town farmers are settling very fast, and new settlers are constantly coming in. Two new shops are just established, and also a tan office. A tavern is now about being finished. There is a butcher set up, so that we may get a piece of beef at threepence a pound, which is thought to be very high. The regular price in the old settled towns is 2Ad. per lb. The grist-mill is expected to be set going in about a month ; then flour is ex- pected to be about five dollars a barrel (196 pounds). A dollar on the Yankee side is eight shillings, and one of their shillings is the value of 7id. ; if you reckon, you can soon see the value of a dollar. Cows are very high this season, — sixteen dollars each. The land here is worked by oxen. When I came there was no minister settled here, the nearest church was forty miles oflP; but now there is a methodist minister here, and I expect there will be a chapel built in the spring. Divine service is at present conducted in the school-room. There is here a Sunday school. A Roman catholic priest comes here every quarter of a year ; he is going to build a church next spring. A Temperance society is also established here. The post runs from Guelph to this place every fortnight ; this will enable us to have our letters more regularly. As all this has recently happened, I leave it to you to judge whether the town improves or not. I am enjoying a good share of health, and am getting quite fat and strong. I am quite a different creature to what I was when I left England, I do not think you would know me. This country is the healthiest spot in all America, and agrees with me well. I am about buying a town lot to build a house upon. The winter will commence here in about ten weeks, and break up in the latter end of March. I was told in England that the winter here cauie on all at once, and that it was like a Russian winter, that it lasted very severe for six months. What do persons mean by talking about 'vhat they know nothing of? If a person have an hundred pounds in this country, if he uiind, he can do well. I should advise all the people to come here that find tough times in the old country. I must say again, they must be industrious, as this is not a place for lazy people. My brother John and his wife like this country very much, and would not go to live in the old country again upon any account. I {Signed) To Mr. Alfred Freeman, Builder, Framlingham, Suffolk. THOMAS FREEMAN. n oming se who ught [ id find t here, I, I say aid for ay live like it, in all iely to d about istantly ice. A that we t to be lb. The ir is ex- on the value of and here here, the minister e service y school, is going tablished this will recently or not. J fat and England, St spot in rinter will jr end of 1 at once, e for six w nothing nd, he can mgh times as this is and would BMAN. Godtrich, Lake Huron, nth October, 1831. Dear Son and Dauohteu, I TAKE this opportunity of writing to you, hoping you are in good heath, as it leaves us at this time ; and thank God we are very comfortable, not having to scheme from one meal to the other, but can eat all we want without fear. Wages are very good here ; I work at my trade when it suits mc. When I want a little ready cash, I sit down, perhaps make a pair of men's shoes, for which I get a dollar, they finding leather ; and at other times I work on my land. I have bought 80 acres of the Company for 120 dollars, which is just 30/, to be paid in five instal- ments, of 0/. per year, the first to be paid down, and the Company to find provisions till I get a piece of land cleared to grow my own at market price, by paying six per cent, interest on the whole debt, which any one may do in two years, if he is industrious, but it won't do without hard work. The third year he may get stock, begin to clear off his debt, and sit himself down comfortably. I am endeavouring to cut down three or four acres to burn off in the spring, and get in a few things for the summer. I like the country well, much better than I do the States ; we are under the English banners and laws, but, the best of them, iridependent and free. The climate in this partis much like England, except hofter in the summer and colder in the winter. I do not know what a man wants more to make him comfortable in this world, than when he has got a sufficient quantity of land where he can grow his own provisions, rear his own sheep, pigs, cows, oxen, fowls, make his own sugar, soap, candles, and every thing for his own use, without the exciseman, the tithe or the tax-gatherer. Taxes are not so heavy as in the States ; there is a small land-tax, but so small that they gather it but once in four years, then it is applied to the repair of roads. I wish I knew whether you intend coming in the spring, — judge for yourselves, doi-'t let me advise you against your will, but of course we should like to see you. There will be a brewery built next summer, and I can get you the malting, which will be the grand thing in the winter, when you cannot work on your land. Land wants but little cultivation in this country. I have seen land in the States which has been cropt for fifteen years and has good crops this year, and land is reckoned better in Canada than in the States. If please God to give me strength ten years longer, I hope I shall have a good farm for all my children. Stock is cheap, you may get a good cow with calf from 3 to 4/. A pair of good working oxen from 10 to I2l. I am at presentliving in a house belonging to the company, which a person left in their debt. I shall build up a good house next summer on my own land, which is just three miles from the town, and then I shall buy about 100 acres more. It is expected land will rise after next year to 1 Os. per acre. Harriet is in place, at four dollars per month, and Samuel is living at the governor and magistrate's of the place, at three dollars per month, for a time, but on rising wages. We reckon cleared land in cultivation to sell at 51. per acre. Now I will endeavour to give you as correct an account of the place as I can. The town of Goderich is situated on a level hill, with a good quay and harbour, by the sidt of lake Huron, (which is 250 miles in length, and 100 in breadth,) and is laid out a mile square, with the market-place in the centre. There are four principal streets a mile in length, but the place is very young at preiient, it was not discovered four years back, nor inhabited but by the native Indians, who are now becoming moralized and good kind of people. The inhabitants I judge to be at present from two to three s - I i I 11 hundred, scaitered in different parts, there have been a great many settled in the town since I came up, but it is not a place for trade at present, like the old settlements, but there is every prospect of its being the finest place in Upper Canada. But, for my part, give me land. Things are much the price as in Englnnd, except tobacco, which is Is. 6d. per lb. for the best. The regular price for labour is from 3s. to Ss. 9d. per day, the yenr round, except in the time of harvest, then it is from 5s. to 7s. 6d. per day. Things will be much cheaper after a time, they are much lower than they were. We have got a good grist-mill up this month, which will be a good thing for those who have grown wheat. Now I will give you, and every one who emigrates to this country, the following advice, viz. : — take provisions for six weeks ; a few good bis- cuits, a ham or two, some potatoes, flour, and yeast, as there is every con- venience for baking on board; some plums, and a little brandy, which is better than rum, in case of sickness, and what little dainties you can think of. The passage from London to Quebec, is S^. 10s. per head, children under twelve years of age half that price. The next thing, bring as little luggage as possible, excepting your beds, clothes, and cooking utensils. When you arrive at Quebec, you can get provisions as you want, every two or three miles, and when there, you may have to wait a day or two for your own convenience. We all join in kind love and true respects to friends. We remain, you»* loving father and mother, (Signed) SAMUEL and ANN SIMPSON P. S. — Bring a little useful medicine, some red precipitate powder, and some bitter olaes. . « To Mb, William Noble, Maltster, ^ -amlingham, Suffolk. : i I Extract of a Letter from Mr. John Freeman. Carpenter, in Upper Canada, to his Mother. Goderich, Lake Huron, October, 18, 1831. Mr. Samuel Jennings, brother to Mr. William Jennings of Fram- lingham, has taken a farm lot ; he has eight acres of wheat in this fall, and expects to have land cleared for a good spring crop. He gives a very fa- vourable account of the country. Dear Mother, my wife and myself live very happy and comfortable ; I never enjoyed myself more in my life, and had I been mindful of the country from whence I came, I have had opportunities of returning. My brother Thomas if following the carpentering trade with me, and is im- proving very much ; he likes it better than any thing else. He likes the place exceedingly well, and is after purchasing a town lot, to build his house upon. I have a good house and home, and find this a very pleasant country. I was the ^rst that was married in the town of Goderich, and the Jirst that settled upon the Market Square, so the Canada Company have given me ten acres of land near the town. This land is of great value to us, we can keep several head of cattle upon it, and save the produce for the winter. (Signed) JOHN FREEMAN. To Mrs. Susanna Freeman, ?■ ; • v> J Framlingham, Suffolk. ;.;.,... . .n^-r o 15 thing (Juelph, Upper Canada, Feb. 26, 1831. Dkar John, I RECEIVED the letter, jointly wrote by my brother Adam and you, and you can hardly imagine the joy we felt to hear from our dearest old frienda in the land of our forefathers, that you were in health, and able to handle the awl and the shuttle ; but I fear you will have enough to do to make your hard earnings support the cravings of nature. When we sit down to our meals, I think how happy I would be to share them with my dear friends in Scotland. Afler arriving at the head of liuke Ontario, which we reached in July, I took a house for a month, and leaving the family, set out to see a little of the country, in company with two fellow emigrants ; and after traversing between 500 and GOO miles, through fourteen townships, we gave the preference to the Company's lands at Guelph, being good, well watered, u.J a healthful country, although it is a dollar higher in price than many other townships ; so returning to the lake, we struck our camps, and came direct to Guelph on the first of August. It is twenty- six miles north-west from the Lake Ontario ; I immediately went through the lands of the block, and selected a lot of 100 acres; they are all laid off in 100 acre-lots, but you can purchase as many of these as you please, and have five years to pay it in; it is three dollars per acre, you pay a fifth, that is 15/. when you enter on your lot, and a fifth yearly for the other four years. A dollar here is 5s., a British shilling Is. 2d., and a sovereign varies from 24s. to 23s. 4d. A lot of 100 acres is laid off a quarter of a mile in breadth, by five-eighths long, and a road laid along the head, and down betwixt every second lot twelve yards wide ; you have your measurement exclusive of the roads. I was desirous to have some wheat sown in the fall, as it would yield us bread of our own growth for next year ; and it does not answer here to sow wheat in the spring, so I engaged a young man who came over in the ship with us from Edinburgh, for two months, and commencing immediately, we succeeded, with my boy's help, in cutting, clearinu please, als make from five as it will ir burning id the fol- ow. The tats, peas, planted in igust. I winter as ne of day ; I have, in ; ; but our arly so ex- i called the V inter sets g of April, It fixed and dest winter ve wrought in our long we scarcely ever have any mist, it iu exceedingly clear at night. You know my sight is not good, yet I ran read a smuU print quite well with the light of the moon. The winter is far longer and colder in the lower province. We grow pumpkins, water and musk-melons in the Acids, with most kinds of vegetables, in great perfection. As to the face of the country, it is not easy to form an opinion. It appears one vast forest; one would suppose there are no hills in the country ; I believe were it cleared I might see a hundred milts. It is well watered, however, with lakes, rivers, and fine burns, which we here call creeks ; one runs through my lot very like New- tounburn ; and 1 have already discovered two particular fine springs on my acres ; I believe there may be more if I had time to search : beside the best one I have fixed my habitation, and I call my place Greenwells; for •' auld lang syne," early associations you know. I have seen no whins, heather, or broom here ; but we have gowans, and ** the thistle so green ;" and red, white, and yellow clover grow spontaneous, and in great abun- dance. The fairn is also here in abundance in many places, with a variety of British flowers and herbs ; but there is nmch here of that sort, natural to the climates, which I yet know not e- en the names of. We have a variety of birds of the most beautiful plumage. For all our woods, wc have no crows, except stragglers, of the corby (raven) kind, but their want is fully made up in wood-pigeons ; their flocks sometimes nearly darken the air. Our woodcock is a most beau- tiful bird ; the woodpecker, also, most beautiful, — you can hear it half a mile off"; I often, when I see it, remember the song of " The woodpecker tapping the hollow beech-tree." As for game, our variety is not great. We have plenty of pheasants ; you may shoot the whole flock, as they don't fly the gun ; it is just fire and load as long as you please, but I very seldom or ever take a shot. I think we have no hares ; but large rabbits, which grow white in winter ; and plenty of deer, which come to the very doors, as large as a year-old calf. Numbers, also, of wolves and bears ; you hear them braying, in the night time, like a pack of hounds ; they never attack any person, but take a sheep, calf, or hog, when they can get it. We have few serpents in this place, and none of them venomous ; but there are many in the lower parts of the province. Dear John, I would not just wish to advise any one to come here ; but, for my own part, I would not return to Scotland, though any one would pay my passage back and give me twenty pounds a-year, — not that I do not love the land of Caledonia, which will ever be dear to my bosom, (and I could knock down the man who speaks ill of it,) but I never could have the prospects for my family in Britain that I here have ; only one thing is to be remarked, no one need come here in prospect of doing well unless he intend to be dili- gent, and work hard ; and he who does so will, in the course of seven or eight year^, feel independent. Our taxation is here so moderate : a man with a hundred acres does not pay a dollar a-year altogether. A quite wrong opinion of this country prevails in Scotland ; the United States being generally preferred. Now, in the States, you are far heavier taxed, and emigrants are there certain to be cheated out of what they have by the Yankees. I have seen above forty persons, Scotchmen, who had first gone to the United States, and they told me it would have been hundreds in their way had they come here at the first : they are now coming as fast here from the States as from the old country. Dear .Tolm, how happy would I be to have you here, with my dear It brother and sisters, and tlie sooner the better would it he for yourselves. Your huMiiiess is very good here ; they pin all the shoes instead of sewing them ; they cost from ten to twelve shillings a pair, and the leather is not half the price as at home ; you can buy a side of good natch leather for 16s. half-bend, &c. in proportion. A smithwrignt and tailor are, also, good trades ; but spirits being so cheap too nany fall into the drink. We have got up a good corn-mill this summer in the village, with four run of stones ; a brewery and distillery. We have been but poorly off for sermons, but have now every prospect of soon enjoying that blessing, as Government has given 70/. yearly to help, and the Company 400 acres of land, for a glebe. We had a meeting a month ago, and have subscribed as much as will make a good stipend, and will get a church built in the spring. Margaret and the family all like this country well, and join me in mutual love to you all. You will, I hope, be able to make it out, though you see I am not a first-rate scribe. I wrote Ann Inglis, my sister, a month ago. To John Younger, Shoemaker, Lcssudden, Roxburghshire, N.B. Yours, ever truly, (Signed) JOHN INGLIS. York, Upper Canada, 9ili Nov. 1830. My dear Brother, I HAVE been engaged, since my arrival in Upper Canada, in a thorough examination of the country, with a view to ascertain whether it affords such prospects of future comfort and independence, as to induce me to remain and establish myself and my family in it. Having, by this time, gained a general knowledge of the soil and climate, of the system of government, of the state of society, and religion, throughout the province, and made myself more particularly acquainted with this neighbourhood, by excursions into all the different townships, I am now enabled to give you my opinions on these points with some confidence. The information which I communicate, and the advice which I may venture to give, are as much for the guidance of my old friends and neighbours, whose interest and happiness I have much at heart, as for your own, and I trust you will receive them as the result of an anxious and careful investigation, and a statement of facts, which have come under my own eye — for it has not been my object to be taught by others what, by any labour or pains, I could learn myself. After a passage of nearly eight weeks, which, parting from friends and relations, and leaving the land of our birth, must always render gloomy and dispiriting, I landed at Quebec, and made a stay there of upwards of a month ; but, not liking the appearance of the country, which is very mountainous and sterile, I refused several offers of land in the townships of Inverness anJ Leeds, and came to Montreal, 180 miles higher up the river St. Lawrence, by steam -packet. At Montreal I remained another month, determined to give every part a fair trial, and to form no opinion without good grounds for it. The land here, although better than that at Tl an t])( th ra is th bii eq se wi m 1 m Is ■i- be i)( M g* '4 4 ar J w 2 O it '4 in 1 fo 1 Ik 19 rsclvcs. sewing r is not ther for re, also, c. We run of off for ising, as acres of Tibed as in the 1 me in though sister, a iLIS. V. 1830. thorough it afTords ice me to this time, ystem of province, tourhood, I to give formation ve, are as e interest t you will ion, and a it has not r pains, I iends and er gloomy jwards of ch is very townships ler up the >d another to opinion lan that at ? I I (laehcc, was, still, not whnt I had been led to expect. I, therefore, ngniii set out, and Anally reached York, the capital ot Uppci Canada, situated on Lake Ontario, about 300 miles from Montreal. It is from this place that I am now writing, and you will understand that the following remarks have reference to this neighbourhood. The climate appears to me very similar to that of England, but drier, and without those violent storms of wind and rain so often experienced there. The summer is warmer, and the winter, perhaps, colder ; but the air is always clear and bracing, and there is scarcely a day's work in the year lost from bad weather. For my own part, although I have been a good deal exuoscd on my frequent journeys, I have never enjoyed bettor health, nor felt myself in better spirits. The land is generally level, watered by fine streams, and covered with timber — oak, beech, birch, elm, ash, maple — from which excellent sugar is made — bnas, pine, hemlock, spruce, and several kinds of nut, grow to a vast size, and form the principal cause of the difference of appearance be- tween this country and England. Every description of soil can be found, so that a man, if he understands the cultivation of one kind better than another, may suit himself here, without difficulty. On the surface is always a coat of vegetable mould, which has been formed by the leaves of the trees, and the decayed woo. I, and which causes all sorts of grain and grass to grow with the most astonishing luxuriance. In the township of Toronto, I saw a crop of oats, estimated to produce five quarters to the acre, and was assured by the proprietor that it was the ninth crop of grain which had been grown on the same ground without any kind of manure. The price of land varies from 5s. to 25s. per acre ; but the medium price in the townships in this neighbourhood, is I5s. equal to 13s. Gd. sterling money — part is payable in cash at the time of purchase, and the remainder generally in four or five yearly instalments, with interest at six per cent. The expense of bringing an acre into cultivation (that is, cutting down and burning the timber,) is from 2/. 10«. to 31. lOs. where the wood is of the hard kinds, and not unusually thick. After this process, the only thing that remains to do, is to sow and harrow in tlic seed, which is gene- rally wheat — one bushel to the acre. The surface is naturally loose, and is rendered still more so by the trampling of the men and cattle, so that there is no occasion for ploughing. The crop is generally from 25 to 35 bushels per acre, and is worth, at the present price in York, 5s. a bushel, equal to 36*. sterling per quarter ; from 51. to 8/. 15*. per acre. A second crop, equally good, may often be taken ; and the land, then sown with grass-seed, will produce excellent hay and pasture. Barley is not much cultivated ; the produce is equal to that of wheat, but it is not worth more than 2s. 6d. per bushel. Outs are also a good crop, and sell for 1 s. 6d. a bushel ; and the white peas equal any thing that I have seen, both in quantity and quality. Vegetables of all kinds are abundant, and bear good prices : potatoes, turnips, carrots, and cabbages, in particular, grow to perfection. Horses cost from 20/. to 40/. a pair. Some of them are very good, but they might be much improved ; and it would be well worth a man's while to bring out a stout, compact English stud with him. Oxen, from their being better adapted for the work of a new country, are more uised than horses, and, of course, better attended to. They are well- formed, thrifty beasts, but not equal, in size or appearance, to the short horns we have been accustomed to see in Yorkshire. From 10/. to 15/. 30 ^^ u pair in the price* fur working oxen, according to bIzo nnd ngo. Cuwi arc sold at IVoni 4/. to G/. each, and young beasts in proportion. Very little trouble or labour is re(|uircd in the raising of onttlc in this country, as they arc Ivft to brousc in the woods, where they find plenty of food, and thrive reninrkably well. Sheep are not yet nuincrous, the wooded lands not being adapted for them ; but as the country becomes more cleared, they will increase. Home manufactories of cloth are already established, and wool is in good demand at Is. Hd. a pound. The new Leicester breed, and its crosses, will be the kind required, and, if imported, would soon re- pay their cost and expenses. Ucligion, in this country, is entirely free from restraint. Every man is allowed, in this respect, to think as he pleases, and to attend what minister and what place of worship he may choose to prefer. So long as he conducts himself in obedience to the laws, which are precisely the same as those of England, he is at liberty to act as his conscience may direct. Our persuasion is very numerous, and I have been happy to learn that some of the most industrious and respectable settlers belong to it. Wherever my business has led me, I have found friends and acquaint- ance ; and it has been a great satisfaction to meet many of my old neigh- bours, whom I had known long and intimately, before either they or I had thought of crossing the Atlantic Ocean. Old country people form u great proportion of the inhabitants, and their numbers are daily increasing. It IS with gratitude I mention the kindness shewn me in every part of the country through which I have travelled. I have been made welcorre in all places, and have never wanted a meal or a lodging. 1 remain, dear Brother, Yours, affectionately, (Signed) RICHARD DEILBY. To Mk. John Beilby, , Benton, near Burlington, Yorkshire. I 1» On reaching Quebec, you should proceed immediately, by steam-packet, to Montreal ; from thence to Prescott, you will travel partly by land, and partly by boats on the River St. Lawrence ; but, in all cases, prefer the fastest mode of conveyance, notwithstanding the increased expense. From Prescott, a steam-packet will bring you direct to York, where you will hear of me. My expenses from Montreal to this place, with my daughter, amounted to 4/. 10s. but I have since learned that I could have come up for half that sum. The Canada Company have contracted with the pro- prietors of the packets and river-boats to have their settlers forwarded at very low rates ; and any person is allowed the advantage of this arrange- ment on depositing with the agent, at Quebec, a sum sufficient to cover the expenses incurred by the company. Besides the saving of expense, the passengers, by this means, are secured from all risk of being imposed upon along the route. As the expenses of living are not much greater here than in England, and as there are no taxes whatever, I feel confident of the correctness of my former statement, that no man, if honestly inclined, can fail in securing a comfortable livelihood and independence for himself and his family. (Signetr) RICHARD BE.LBY. 'Hi 'owt arc ■•ry liltlo as they id thrive inds not ed, they lied, and r breed, soon re- cry man nd what } long as the same y direct, arn that icquaint- Id neigh- or I had n u great iing. It •t of the ire in all ilLBY. (iiu'lpli, Urieinlicr 7, Inao. My DtAii Win;, I TAKK the i'avuiirablr (ipnortiiiiity uf c nw yi!l^ my WHriii'iil atlcctioiiH to yon mid my dear little cliildrcii, iih you ..r' ilic only concern of my mind. I trust, in the mcrcicH oCtiod, that tlitso lew linest will find you and them in good health. i<'or my part 1 hav - great reanoii to be thankful for the many blessings 1 enjoy. I have nothing to disturb my mind, but the absence of my little family ; but I hope to have the happiness of having you with me next spring, as I took every step I could to secure your pas- sage. The land is fertile, and the climate is remarkably whole ome ; and, in fact, after a littli* time, settlers that came here ))0()r, will be soon inde- pendent. We have neither police nor army here, and sti:' people live in perfect harmony and mutual friendship. I have one hundred acres of as good land as James Duncan ever possessed, for which I paid ?5/.,but it is now worth l.'JO/. There is a great deal of trouble in clearing land •, but when once el»'ared and paid for, it is free for ever. It produces as good crops as any in the world ; good potatoes as any I ever used in Ireland ; as good wheat, oats, and in fact, every thing that land can jjroduce, we have in the greatest abundance ; and what is better still, if farmers have any thing to bring to market, they can get as good a price for it as in the old country ; and no landlord to perplex them. If any of our friends or neighbours intend coming to America, I would advise them to come here, as it is a good settlement, where they can live in oeace and plenty. Now, my dear, I trust you will be determined, and come, you and my little children, to the land of freedom, where we shall meet to part no more. The afore- said gentleman will give directions that you will be sure of, and by which you will have no trouble until you come to me. Give my love to my dear little children, and to all our friends in general ; and believe me, my dear, to be your ever affectionate husband, (Signed) JAMES MAYES. To Mrs. Mary Mayes, Corloon, near Mairherafelt, Londonderry, Ireland. On coming to London, your best plan will be to go direct to Mr. Price, Secretary to the Canada Company, Saint Helen's Place. He is a very polite man, and will give you the fullest information about th?? purchase of land. He will show you a large map, and give you a choice of different situations. The Canada Company is composed of a Governor, Directors, and Proprietors. Mr. Bosanquet is the Governor. It was established by Act of Parliament in 1826. CONVEYANCE TO UPPER CANADA. £ s. d. The expense of conveying a person from a port in the United Kingdom to Quebec, is 3 10 From Quebec to York 1 10 Children half price you as much more. ' £5 , — This does not include provisions, which will cost Hi '.'2 The Canada Company, and also Mr. Knowles, of 20, Birchiii Lane, Curnhill, will give you a list of the provisions necessary for the voyage. I know a man who furnished himself with a couple of Yorkshire hams, 200lbs. of ship biscuit, 40lbs. of flour, a bushel of potatoes, half a gallon of brandy (a good thing against sea-sickness), and a bottle of yeast. He took lor luggage, two trunks of clothes, 90lbs. each ; two saucepans anH one tea-kettle; a tea-pot, sugar-basin, and cup and saucer; a bed, a gun, an almanack, and a whetstone. Two shillings' worth of rhubarb and as much magnesia ; Gibs, of coffee, 3 lbs. of tea, 6 lbs. of brown sugar, 1 lb. of white sugar, and 15 lbs. of bacon; an axe, and about 20 other tools, and some nails of all sizes. This man had plenty, and to spare, of pro- visions ; and the other articles of baggage were so light as to cost him nothing extra for carriage in any part of his journey. As to the gun, and tools and nails, they have been of great service to him. The cost of conveyance from Scotland or Ireland is about one-third less than the amount stated a page or two back. I have already told you to go at once, on your arrival in London, to Mr. Price, St. Helen's Place, who will give you every information. I may, however, just as well state now, that your money is worth 8 per cent, more in Canada, and that the Company ill allow you this difference on the money you place in their hands herCf iu order to have it paid to you again in Upper Canada. I also recommend you, before you start, to ^.-all upon a very ingenious mechanic and practical agriculturist, Mr. Read, of No. 36, Regent Cir- cus, who will not only give you excellent advice about land and all that concerns it, but show you some very valuable instruments which he has invented for the purpose of saving the lives of horses,"oxen, sheep, &c. &c. under various circumstances; full particulars of which will be found in the following advertisements. Mr. Read knows as much about farming, and farming stock, as any man in the kingdom ; and all his inventions are useful, and especially necessary in a country where live stock is compara- tively scarce, and proportionably valuable. In conclusion, remark this : — •'The Company's Agents, on the arrival of emigiiants at Quebec OR Montreal, will, for the season of 1832, convey tkem, free of EXFENCE, TO YoRK, OR rilE HEAD OF LaKE OnTARIO, IN THE VICINITY OF the choicest lands, provided the emigrants fay a first instalment of ten shillings an acre on not less than 100 acres; and the Company's Agents in all farts of the upper province, will give such emigrants every information ani. assistance in their power. should emigrants, on arrival at York, not settle on the Company's lands, the money will be returned, deducting the actual expense of conveyance." And now I bid you farewell. I have taken some pains to give yon the best information, and the best advice, in a small compass. I might have stuffed your ears with two or three volumes, but I prviier leaving ihat TO YOUR OW» EXPERIENCE WHICH NO BOOK COULD TEACH YOU : and, bcsidcS, this book does not cost you more than one day's breakfast, and it tells you how TO get a breakfast, dinner, and supper every day of your LIFE, vithout asking the parish officers for it ! — God bless you. J. M. cobbett. jlpril 20, 1 832. ill Lane, )yage. re hams, a gallon ist. He pans anfl bed, a barb and gar, 1 lb. ler tools, ;, of pro- cost him gun, and VETERINARY IMPROVEMENT, BY J. RE AD, INVENTOR OF THE STOMACH-PUMP, 35, REGENT CIRCUS, PICCADILLY. TBI PATENT VETERINARY SYRINGE ondon, to lation. I per cent. erence on lid to you ingenious jgent Cir- id all that :;h he has ), &c. &c. found in t farming, tntions are compara- T Quebec [, FREE OF ICINITV OF [STALMENT AND THE GIVE SUCH El. Should lands, the ance. ve you the night have VIKG IHAT id, besides, and it tells { OF YOUR Is now one of the most important articles required in the treatment and manag^emcnt of Hones, especially in reference to its connexion with his NEWLY-INVENTED CA- THETER, which admits of being freely and easily passed into the bladders of Horses WITHOUT CUTTING, or any other operation ! By this means, fluids may be injected into the Bladder, or withdrawn from it, with the greatest facility. The Catheter has been tried by several eminent Veterinary practitioners, who consider the invention as the COMPLETION OF AN OBJECT LONG DCBIRBD, and of important consequences in the treatment of Urinary Dibbases of Horses. The Syringe is furnished also with a tube and pipe, by which Clysters may be administered to Horses, Dogs, or other Cattle, in any quantity and in any position ; and thus the life of numerous valuable Animals, labouring under inflammation or ob- struction OF the bowels, has been saved when every other means had failed. The above Cut represents the Apparatus in operation. Fig. I. The Catheter, passed into the Bladder, is transmitting a current of fluid, pumped from a Vessel by the Syringe, which is to be attached to the Catheter. Fig. 2. Shows tlie Catheter introduced into the Bladder in its natural situation. Hie third represents the Catheter enclosed in a strait case, like a common walking cane. BULLOCKS, SHEEP, &c. are frequently destroyed by over-gorging thanselves with Seed, Meal, Clover, or other green succulent food, and by being choktd with Turnips, Potatoes, &c.— J. Read has, for a long time past, manufactured hollow clastic tubes, which, when introduced into the stontuch uiid tixcd to u Syringe, enable any person to pump out the ofl'cnding matter, to the immediate relief of tiie hoven animal. He has also int ented a HOLLOW PUOBANG, with' an armed stilet, which being passed into the throat of an Animal that is choking by a piece of solid food, too large to pass, perforates the substance, and allows of its being easily withdrawn. The upper tigu.e, in titc cut, represents a section of -tlie stilet probang — the middle shows the operation of the same in extracting solid substances — and the lower figure re- presents the application of the Syringe and tube for emptying the stomach of pulpy food. The instrument has already saved many beasts that must otherwise have perished. THE ROT IN SHEEP. b. 11 r'ti r-TJi .rriTldj fi-iuii h) 'n\>'ktlH> R ^.liii; " NOT less than two millions of sheep were sacrificed to the disease called thb rot in England during the last year ! Without saying one word of the immense lonet which annually occur in this country among horses and cattle, here is proof enough that a frightful and most disastrous ignora .e of the true principles of TETBRINAKY medi- cine prevails, all but universally, in one of the first breeding countries in Europe." — Fnutr''$ Magtuine, February, 1832. J. READ, who is the original Patentee of the Stomach-Pump, the Self-Iiyecting Lavement Apparatus, the valved Steam.Inhaler, the Flexible Hearing Tube (lately introduced into his Majesty's Navy), the improved Garden Syringe, the Double-Barrelled wm !)! Hydraulic-Pump, for Horticultural purppnes, the u»c of Ships, and cTcry other intention connected with raisin; water with the least degree of friction and labour, &c. INVITES the Public to an inspection of an Instrument lately invented by him for the purpose of diendiing Sheep with a preparation tliat has been found perfectly efficacious for the dc- struction of the disease. A full account of the causes of the rot in Sheep may lie found in «« NEA.tB OW Animatb Contaoion," published by Messrs. Ix>NOMAN and. Co. ; also in Whitlaw's Inflammation Fbver," which last ontains a letter from Dr. Nidioll, fully explanatory of the subject, tojjether with thr results of a great many ex- peri Tients made by Mr. Whitlaw himself. Tlie annexed Cut rcprescntn a man in thr acl ./opening the animaPii mouth with a gag, in the middle of which there in a hole for the purpose of admitting the tub*' of a Syringe, with which another person drenches the Sheep. The upper hand rejiresents the action of pumping out the offending matter to the immediate relief of a hoven animal, J. Rkad having for a long time past manu- factured hollow elastic tubes to be intnxluced into the stomach for that purpnsr. NO TOY OR PLAYTHING! THE DOMESTIC MACHINE for the Prevention and removal th^r cubbish ? and why put him to the trouble of convicting them of fraud before an Engliah Jury? The Patentee having gone to pie expense of lithographing the testi- monials and signatures of Sir Astlby Cooper and atfier .Surgeons of Uiis country, thinks it unnecessary to add more to the length and charge of this advertisement, than the following quotation from the " Lancet," Vol. f. p. 37J. "Sir Astley shook hands with l^^i Jflr. jR«.«J. awl irqn^lJmented.liiw on hk ipgeniiil^ j jiUncryiitg, lifiU he live^l in.Glneecf, tUirjiw iin HpJlen(loury,iii^ woill^ iUr^ liccii'cri)niK;-4 wj|lh laurels." TheappoiTitiM U »IVinufuclwiie|f%i IVAO Rcgct^t C?JK^u», Pi€ca«Jiny,:iiil«l^iHd, by aRpojntiwDfi^, i.y, ]«r. P«l|*^%|lt?j P<*''^«yi MewBs. SxpDABT, 401, Strand i and m^sk^^^iccta^e Suqpci^ In«tr^ot»r.ftke»;>nd t)ru(jgirtr in all parte of l^e king^Oflfi. '< !\fy opioiwi jof ' Read's Stoin^cii-I^^mi)' U, ^t ;t U.>-ii(Dpl«>.#^ly -^9I^t|;^^|it^ pur- di^ic pn$c, and one of the nio^t ut>eful of uioderu di^cov^iies. " A8TLEY COOPBR.V '< Prom my knowledge of << Mr. Read's Stomach-l'ump," I testify thi^ U ■• t|ie;dnt)it eiimplo and ingenious of (he cl^Ki) IJiffve yet «$(iinined atid used. ■■■'■. " J//H. ir., i8ao. .,, " TITUS BE^Y." ' " I am of opinion that " Mr. Head's i*atcnt Syiinfyq" is in every respect well calculated to answer the dliibrcnt purposes for which it is intended, and to several Of which t have teWi it applied ; and I iUn ot opinion further, that its simplicity of construction is admirably fitted to obviate der^gement, and to adapt it for general use. « 10, Lim:obi'a-inn-Fieldi,Jan. 15, 1830. " J. HENRY GREEN." N. B. Fac-aimiles of the recommendations above alhided to, may be obtained (gratis) at Regent Pireus. ■ -.jp-r- ■J-'- EDWARD GROKE«, WaiiACCONIST AND SNUFF J^lANUFAGTUREair 25, LOMBARD SKTREET. ■ft" r THE Xt£ST FOliEieiT CIGA^ j|kT WHOLESALE PJilCES. —rr-^ y^ — , . JOHN SMITH, BATTER, Miy>jf 2«, LOMBARD STREET. Of HA'^a or T|IE VERY »EST QUALITY AND COLOtm AT ^^p^tiq^^ ' PRICES. - srs ^f f m, STRAND, P<»iwn» ewi|(nii|tg to CSANAIU are partundiurlf Ko^^ wm ftSbwdc qf WARR£N;S J^T BLACKBffi^whi*^ ta WMHankii to ifaywx % ^ «iljli4^ange aCoHmate. ^tn'r- .■u^'?■■^' ■'■ ^^'fi-'^"} tnibEasy^faring tmA 'BHUhmiBLACieiNG ts prepared hy SOQi^lfr #^|nraN» 3