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 ^ ^PRUEDjyMGE 
 
 ^^j '65J East Main Street ~ 
 
 ^^ (716) 288- 5989 - Fa, 
 
Tl 
 
THE 
 
 ^ONGS 
 
 HISTORY. 
 
 BY 
 
 REV. JOHN McNAIfc}, B.A., B.D. 
 
 HASIOK Oi. 
 OAkViLLKl-KKSliVlKRlANCIl KCH 
 
^> 
 
|'im:I''A(j|':. 
 
 ^> 
 
 6 
 
 This little book is an attempt to pbice tho poetical 
 passages of the Irstorical hooks of the Old Testament 
 in their historic settinsr. or oeeasion : to express them 
 in their natural form of poetic rhythm, and to set forth, 
 in brief, their substance and arrangement. 
 
 No attempt has been nmde to reason out at length 
 the intricate problem of date and authorship, but the 
 principle on which these may be determined is stated, 
 Jind the historic setting, as well as the probable occasion 
 for the poem, is given. 
 
 Nor was it found possible to give reasons for any 
 choice in ca-ses whe^e the translation differs from other 
 received versions of Scripture. This could only be done 
 in a more extended treatise. 
 
 All that is hoped for is. that the translations and 
 
 explanations may enable readers U better understand 
 
 some of those portions of Scripi...,' often found so 
 
 difficult, 
 
 John MoNair. 
 Oakville, Or.t., 
 
 Novemoer 12, 1902. 
 
6 
 
 ^ 
 
C()N'ri:.\ IS. 
 
 l^ 
 
 I. HO.MK S()N(;s. 
 
 I. MakKIA«;k So\<;s : |. 
 (l.» Marriage S()n<r of A<lani. Cm. •2:-2:i.-24. 
 
 (2.) SaiiiHon's Sayiii;,'s. .Iu«1hi s 14:14 iS; ir);lH. 
 (•i. ) Sonijs in Ruth : 
 
 (a) Her Eiitrea' of Naomi. Hutli hlti.lT. 
 
 (h) Kncouratrenit'iit by Hoaz. Kuth 2:12. 
 
 (c) I^Iessing of the Klders. Rutli 4:1 1, '2. 
 
 II. Birth Soxes : 
 
 (I . ) Of Rehekah over Jacob and Ksau. ( Jen. 2o:2.'i. 
 (2.) Of Hannah over Samuel. I.Samuel 2:1-10. 
 
 a<;k. 
 
 n 
 
 12 
 14 
 
 \r> 
 h; 
 
 1 1 
 is 
 
 n. S()X(JS OF WKAL AND WOE. 
 
 1. Curses of the Fall. (Jen. :i:14-19 
 
 2. (Jod'.H Covenant with Noah. (Jen. 8:21,22. . 
 '\. Of Noah on hi.s Sons. (Jen. !>:25-27. . 
 
 4. Of Isaacon.lacoband Esau. (Jen.27:27-2i),Iif».4() 
 
 5. Of Jacob on his Sons. (Jen. 4!):2-27. . . . 
 
 6. Aaron's Benediction. Num. 6:24, 25. 2(J. 
 
 7. Of Moses on Israel. Deut. 33:2-29. . . . 
 
 8. Of Balaa?u on Israel. Num. 23:7-10, 18-24 
 
 24::' 9 15-2r> 
 
 20 
 28 
 2!» 
 30 
 32 
 39 
 39 
 
 47 
 
III. WAIJ S()N(;s. 
 
 , ., , , PACK. 
 
 i. »Song of the Swonl of I.ainech. (Joii. 4:23,24. 57 
 
 2. Son^r of Miriam and Moses. Exvidu.s 15:1-18.21 
 
 3. Book of the Wars of Yahweh. 
 (1.) Crossing the Arnon. Num. 21:14,15. 
 (2.) Song of the Fountain. Num. 21:17,18. 
 (3.) The Taunt Song. Num. 21:27-30 
 (4.) Yahweh as Leader. Num. 10:35, 3(j. 
 
 4. The Book of Jaslmr. 
 (I.) Song of Joshua. Joshua 10:12,13. 
 (2.) David's Dirge over Saul and Jonathan. 
 
 II. Samuel 1:19-27. 
 
 (3.) Dedication of the Temple. I Kings 8:12,13. (57 
 
 5. The Song of Deborah. Judges 5:2-31. ... 08 
 
 6. David's Lament for Abner. IL Sanj. 3:33,34. . 73 
 
 7. Davids Hynm of Triumph. U. 8an,. 22:2-51. 74 
 
 1 
 
 58 
 
 61 
 62 
 62 
 63 
 
 64 
 65 
 
 IV. ROYAL AND NATIONAL SONGS. 
 
 1. The Song of Mose.s. Deut. 32:1-43. ... ^3 
 
 2. David's Last Words. IL San)uel 23:1-7. . 89 
 
 3. Psalm of Praise to Yahweh. L Chron. 16:7-16. 91 
 
 i 
 
11 
 
 <> 
 
 T. TTOMH SOX(JS. 
 
 i 
 
My beloved made answer, 
 And to me said : 
 
 Up, my loved one, my fail-; 
 
 Hie thee away! 
 I^'or lo. the winter is ])a.st. 
 Tlie rain is over, and ^'one; 
 The flowers appear on the earth. 
 And the time of merry sons is come; 
 And the voice of the turtle 
 Is heard in our land: 
 The fiif tree seasons lier unrip<' fruit. 
 The vine in blos.som frasranec yields. 
 
 Hie thee away, my love, my fail-; 
 
 Hie thee away! 
 
 — Song of ASoiigs ii. 10- 1,'}. 
 
 i 
 
Thk Soxfjs OF TTKnuF.w History. 
 
 11 
 
 1. Mtirrini/t Saiiys. 
 
 Mama.iro an...,,^. th,- Il..|„v\vs was a...M„Mi.ani,',l with 
 niirth and soi.y. Tli.> li..Mi."-,.,„niiitr of tho bridotrnxun 
 witli the hvu]o was made tlu> (.c-nsi.,,, ..F j^vaf rojoioin.. 
 «nd .nomnuM.l. Tl... f,..stivitios. wln.-h ..flo,. .•onlinuod 
 for a week, ('(.iisist.-d lni-,.ly i,i tl„. „I,s,.rva.i.-o of „nciont 
 inarriajre customs, in f.^astinj:. dan.M.ijr. livoly ccnversa- 
 tion. and in sinirin- tlio praises of tl.e l.rido and -room. 
 Tho best e.xamples ..f siieli soiiirs are preserved to us in 
 "The 8on- of Sonrrs." and in I'snim 4."). Tn the his- 
 lorieal ho(»l<s only the merest shivds ..f th.-se an.'ient 
 odos are preserved to us. hut these s,>rve t., jrJve ]is som.' 
 insijrht into aneient marriaj:v customs, to reveal the 
 sacred and tender ties of the home life of Israel, and to 
 illustrate the relation between (iod and his people. 
 
 cl 
 
 J 
 
 (1) Marriage Son<j of Adaiii -. Ceji. ii. 2'.]. 24. 
 AnrJ the man said 
 
 2.1. Now, l)OTie of my bone is this. 
 Flesh of my flesh. 
 She called shall be woman. 
 For out of imin taken. 
 
 24. For this sludl a man 
 
 Leave his father and mother, 
 
 And cleave to his wife. 
 
 And they shall become one flesh. 
 
12 
 
 TiiE SoN(;s or Hebkkw History. 
 
 O.I (1„. Ii,.nz(.(. ,,r ii„M. stntKls 111,, firs! i.mti. vi(.\vinir 
 (li«' loMu- pi-.M-ossiuii „r ,.,v;,h.(| tl.iiius ,,:,ss sinul.v lM-f..n- 
 itnii lie liiis Ikvm y.'jiniinj-' J"nr tho pn.mis.d lirlp-mrfl. 
 Tlow (lolijrhlod. who.,. ;,f't,.r cm.iiii- .ukI .u.mir../ tho... 
 .'ill. and, iiTKliii- II,, affinity ,,.• ,',.iii|>ani(.nslii|) u. Ihom. 
 ho socs \\„.,ian sta.id h,^f,.iv him. ,.ii,. lii<,> ,,,11,. lii,„soIf. 
 i»ono (.f his ho.i,.. Ilrsh ,.r his l!..sh. Worthy sh,. to h,. 
 callod woman; To.- was sli,. ii,>t tak,..i of (;,.,! soe.-otly 
 from his si«h.? She is thus his ,-oi,ipMnion. ,h.p,..Hh.n't 
 on his stren-(h. the connt.M-parl of his pc-son. th,^ coni- 
 I)leinont of his lif,.. Bocaiis,. of h,.,- affinity with hi.,, 
 in natiii-o. and 1i,m- pi-on,iso to satisfy |,oart and lif,^ 
 man leavos liis fathc- and .11, .the.-, and oh>avps to his 
 wife, and they hencefoi-th h('co.,io 01, e. 
 
 J 
 
 (2) Snnisnv's Saninfis-. Judges xiv. 14. IS: xv. 1(5. 
 
 Samson. dcM-iied of (lod the delivei-e.- of his pe,>ple, 
 f.^II in love with a IM.ilistine niaiden at Timnah, down 
 the valley from his Zorah hom,>. On one of Ids visits a 
 young lion roared aprainst hi,,, in the way. hnt in a 
 moment of inspired strenjrth he slew it. nothing in hand. 
 
 On returning; he found hees and honey in the careass. 
 .Soon after, at his weddiner. he propounded the followinir 
 riddle to the t],irty yoiino' Philistines who.,, he liad 
 iiivifed to iho feast: • 
 
 WB.'^ 
 
Tm; SoNf^s oi- llKuittw IIistouy. 13 
 
 (a) Samson's riddle-. Judges xiv. 14. 
 
 14. Out of the eiitcr came .soiiit'tliin«,' to eat. 
 Out of tlic stroU'T came somothintr sweet. 
 
 Samson also otfer.Hl tli.'iii a watrer if they eould solve 
 I lie riddl(> before the seven days of the feast were over. 
 After vaiji endeavors tit solve the eniLrma. they appeal 
 with threats to his bride to be-uile him of the secret, 
 and she, ifter tearful entn'afy. exhausts his patience, 
 and, on the bust day of the feast, secures it for them. 
 Then they before sunset hasten to Samson, and triutriph- 
 antly declare their answer. Samson ln.tly replies. 
 
 (b) Satvson's a^tswer-. Judges xiv. 18. 
 
 18. With my heifer, had ye not ploufrhed. 
 Then my riddle ye had not found, 
 
 meaninir thereby, that, as only by secretly plou«rhin<r 
 
 with a man's heifer, could one uncover with the plourrh. 
 
 and find his hidden treasure, so. only by dealine eovertlv 
 
 with his bride, could they find the ajiswi ]• to his riddle. 
 
 He will pay the forfeit, but he does so with the 
 
 common garments stripped from thirty of their slain 
 
 eonntrymen. and he rewards 1h- duplicity of his wife 
 
 by desertin? her. A foray of tin- Philistines into Judah 
 
 follows, the men of .Iiidali satislyidir their enemies by 
 
 deliverim;' Samson bound. Samson meets the exultiu-r 
 
 wrath of his old Toes by brcakinu- bis bands, and. with 
 
 the jawbone of an ass. slayiim a nniltitrde ot" their men. 
 
 saying of his feat — 
 
■ * '^"'^ ''^">'«S or IlEBBEW HlSTOKV. 
 
 Samson's Taunt: Jud-es xv. 16. 
 Hi. With an a.ss's jawl,„n.>. hea],s on heaps 
 
 ^^ .th an ass s jawbone I a thousand n.on sIcav 
 The grin, hun.or of this fan.ous taunt can be better 
 ;.ppn..ated if we ren.en.ber that the words for ^C' 
 
 --1 heap, are the samein the Hebrew, and that what 
 damson means t<. insinuate is, that 
 
 With an ^ss's jawbone, a^ses on asses, 
 ^^ ith an ass s jawbone I a thousand men slew, 
 he rhythm of the Hebrew is also worthy of notin,. 
 
 Hilebi holuunor ban.or banmrathaim 
 Kilehi hahan.or bii<ketbi eleph 'ish. 
 
 1 
 
 (3) Songs in RytJi. 
 (a) Kulli's Entreaty: R„th ;. je, 17 
 On Pis,,,,,, ,„,,„. ,,„,„ ^,,„,„. ,^,„, ^^^, ^^ 
 
 from Jr„„l, l„ H,.||,|,.l,^,„. ,„„, ,, . ^ """'• 
 
 tin.sf,,, 11..,- i„.„rt ,» l,..„vv. Ilor iHishand „„d 
 
 >^- -m „„t f„M. .,„. i, ,,,„,„., „-;- 
 
 ■"-.I .V 1....I, ,,,,,„, v,.,v i,in,.,,, „,,h ,;,o.- S,, 
 
 'J:,'" ";■■•■""■'"""■- Il„.i,. ,<„„|n.,,. 
 
 ■'".I ll„.„. ,.„,. o,.|,„|, .1,,,, ,„,„,„ ,„„ |j,,,|^ ^_|._^^^ 
 
 .\a(»nii entreat inu' Iht \vi(h di,. f Ji . • ■ "^ 
 pleading:-- ^"''''^""- """""-t''^ 
 
 i 
 
The So.N(i.s of Hkiikkw IIlstouy. 
 
 15 
 
 K). I'l-^'c luo not to leave thee, 
 To return from after thee: 
 For whither thou <;oest. I will <:u: 
 Where lliou lod<.'est. I Avill hsdire: 
 'J'hy pe(.ple my people, thy (Uh my (hxI: 
 
 17. Where thou diest. I will die: 
 And there will I be buried: 
 Thus to m>- do Vahweh.* thus incrms.'. 
 Tf aufrht but death divide us. 
 
 Thus may the kindly shininjr of tender love win the 
 .'rtVetion and serviee of those fs.r off from the house 
 of God. 
 
 Ruth aeeomi)anied Xaomi to Bethlehem, and. 
 direeted and eneourajred by hei-. she gleaned in the 
 fiold of Bw.z by day. and sought his j-estinjr place by 
 nipfht. sayin? in her heart. "T know my jroel liveth." ' 
 
 (b) Encminujemcnt hy Boas-. Kuth ii. 12 
 And Hoiiz aaid, 
 
 12. ]\lay Yahweh thy labour reward. 
 And thy serviee l)e reciuited 
 By Yahweh. Israel's (Jod. ben.-atii 
 Whose winys thou "rt come for refujre. 
 Then, summonitijr the one nearer (»f kin to the jrate 
 -f the eitv. with the elde.-s as witnesses, he ealled upon 
 hull to l)uy or redeeiri Elimeleelrs portion of laiul. Rut 
 the man. s.-.in- that it meant th.- marrinjr of his own 
 inheritanee. refused, and passe<| on liis ri-hfs by draw- 
 uiir off his shoe, and liandiriu it to Boaz. 
 
 And tli«> elders were witnesses and said 
 
 Tile coin'i't reii<]«'iiii<r tor Jeliovah. 
 
"' 1"^' SO.NCS Of llKHBEW HISTORY. 
 
 (c) /ilcssiiHj of Ihv Ehhrs: Ruth iv. 11. 12. 
 
 11. <iive Yahwdi this woman, 
 (V»!iio to thy hoiLso, 
 
 He as Rachel and Leah, 
 Who built Israers house. 
 In Ephratha be niii;hty. 
 In Bethlehem worthy: 
 
 12. Thy house he as Perez'. 
 
 Whom Taniar bare Judah, 
 
 Of the seed Yahvveh '11 give thee 
 Of this maiden. 
 
 "And Boaz be-at Obed „f Knth: and Obed hepat 
 Jesse; and Jesse hegi\\ David." 
 
 2. Birth -S on ff ft. 
 
 Two v:. ws of the Birth Sones of Scripture are held 
 by students of the Word. 
 
 The first is. that they are eotilemporary with the 
 birth, and the composition of the parent or friend, ex- 
 pressive of their joy nnd hope. That the birth 
 especially of a n.an child, amon- the Hebrews, should 
 be the o<.,.asion of joy. an,l even of son- is both natural 
 nnd probable: and especially would this be the case if 
 tlie child were viewe,! as the t„|<eM of divine favour, or 
 
 *' 'Ml>odi„.e„( of reliuioMs ur Iribal l-pe Such -w 
 
 ''^""' ^^""'•' '"' <••'"<"" ''.V ll- mull,,.,, as a di.-eel answer 
 tn l.er prayer, and a viudi.-alion of .liviue riirhteousness 
 ui the removal of her reproach, a righteousness she sees 
 
The Songh of Hebrew History. 17 
 
 in the wider sphoros „f divin. a.-tivity. Auu,„,. a pn.ui- 
 tive people, their traditions were ha.uled <lown in po.ti- 
 eal form, and were the ,,arts .-asiest an<l lon.-est re- 
 men.hered. That n.any of th.-s^ o.rW odes should he 
 found incorporated in Seripture is n.c.st prohahle. 
 
 The second view is. that they are the product of a 
 later a?e, and of the -eflectiv,. mind in Israel The 
 Hebrews loved to picture the fortunes of the people of 
 their acquaintance as foreshadowed in their ancestoiN 
 and. wliere traditions did not exist re-ardin- them' 
 coming down from antiquity, sonfjs. arisin- out of other 
 circumstances, but which seemed suitable to them .vere 
 attributed to them, by later writers. In so attributing, 
 appropriate son-s <.f a later time to their ancestors the 
 writers of scripture merely exercise the i-hetorical 
 lioerty of all early historians. 
 
 (1) Thf Birth-somj of r,„.,,h ,nul Es,nt -. C^i>l^. xxv. 23. 
 
 Tsnae dwelt with ]Jeb<.l<Mh in the tent of his mother 
 at Reer-lahai-roi. but K.-bekah was childless, and Isaac 
 entreated the Lord for her. The Lord heard him and 
 l^ebekah. his wife, ccmceive.l. and the children siru-^crle,! 
 toorether within her. R.-bekah was filled with wonder- 
 ment as to whnt it should mean, and said in h. :• heart. 
 AVIiat is th." divine purpose of ..ly life" To learn its 
 meaning she son-bt II... Lord .-.t th. n-a.vsl -|.,iu... and 
 the natural answer of ( iod lo b.-r u.is 
 
"^ THK SoM.^ (IK llKUKtW llllsTOKY. 
 
 2:{. Ill tliy wniiil) tlii'i-i- arc two nations, 
 From thy itowds to be sev».*red ; 
 One l)e stronjrer than the other, 
 And the elder serve the younj^er. 
 
 The rivalry, whieli was sueh a marked featnre of 
 Israel and Kdoni ii later ti'iies. hetran even before their 
 birth. From their birth Tsiael and Kdom were rivals, 
 and. thron^'hout their history, contended with eaeh other; 
 Init Israel was stronjrer than and master of Edoni. 
 That sneh a tradition should be aetnal fad. anc' should 
 liave eome down with the jMM.ple to b<' afterwards incor- 
 porated in Heltrew history ishoth possible and probable. 
 
 (2) Birlli-soHjf of Satnurl: I. Samuel ii. MO. 
 
 At the door of the temple of (lod in Shiloh stands 
 Usinnah. the b,'loved u fe of Klkanali, disaf.^pointed be- 
 cause of lorn: l)arrenness, yoaded iuto despair because of 
 the taunts of her ri« al. depi-essed because of the corrup- 
 tion of reli<:ion about her: stands, weepin? sore, and pray- 
 injr. "O Lord, if tliou wilt indeed look upon the affliction 
 of thine handnuiid, and remember jue. and not forget 
 thine handmaid, but wilt -rive unto thine handmaid a 
 man child, then will I o^iy,. i,i,„ „„to fjico all the days of 
 his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head." 
 (;<.d aiiswcr.Ml li,.|- prayer- by tlic uil't of ;, sou. and slie 
 j.oiucd ciut her uratituilf in soiii;. 
 
i 
 
 TiiK Sox.s (»K Hkiirkw History. 
 Hannah cjrults. 
 
 1- My heart ■,. Ynlnv.'h doth exult. 
 ^..\■}liff"l is my horn ; 
 My mouth is \vi(l,.nnroVr mv fors. 
 f j<»y ill thy salvation. 
 
 Vahu'fli is holy. 
 
 2. Xf,no so holy is as Vahuch. 
 Beside thee there is none ; 
 Xor indeed is any roek 
 Like to our (Jod ah.ne. 
 
 ^Vfinhcfh actions. 
 
 ■'J. Speak no more so proudly, j.roudlv 
 l-rom your uK.uth no lu.astin- {r^ 
 ^••r ^ahweh is a (U.d of Knowled-,.' 
 Weifrhed by him aetions too. 
 
 Favours the meek. 
 
 4. The hows of mijrhty uwu are broken 
 - ,p/ "* ^'^'' haltinjr -irded stronger- 
 •'■ Ihe full have hir.'d out for bread " 
 Tint the hungry toil no longer. 
 
 Sov(ni(/n of life. 
 
 AVhile the barren hath born,, seven 
 She of iuany ehildre.i faileth: 
 f). Yahweh killeth. and reviveth : 
 n.- t.. shrol s.-nd<.th. raiselli. 
 
 ^ •^'••''<''tli |M>nr. .-md iiiak.-th ri.-h ; 
 Bniiseth low. y,.;, iift,.t|, uf»: 
 
 I!) 
 
-♦' The So.vcis of Hkbrew TIi8t«)BY. 
 
 H. Rsiiscth poor ones from the dust, 
 Lifteth needy from the diinjrhill. 
 'I'hat wHh princes thoy miprht sit. 
 Thrones of j,'Iory to inherit. 
 
 For Yahweh's are the pillars of eartli. 
 The world on them he placed ; 
 
 9. The feet of holy ones he'll keep. 
 
 The wicked in darkness silence. 
 
 The wicked warned. 
 
 For ' hy strenfrth sliall mjin prevail: 
 
 10. Who st-n-es with Yahweli 'II he crushed; 
 Thunder shall he in the heavens. 
 
 And .iud«re the ends of earth. 
 Strenpr+h shall he to his kinj; sive. 
 His anointed 's horn exalt. 
 
 Siimuel grew up to jrlorify T.od within the sanctuary, 
 fo establish the relioricm of Cod in Israel, and to unite 
 all the people under one kinir. Tn this, or its promise. 
 Hannah saw tli. divine vindieaticm of piety and 
 humility. Her heart exulted, for lier horn was exalted, 
 and h 'r montli made wide over her enemies. No more 
 si(mla they speak arrogantly; for Yahweli is the 
 searchei- of hearts, and weiirheth the actions of men. 
 As wiih her, so with others. Mhile the might v are 
 crushed, the full brought to pov<'rty, and the fertile ex- 
 hausfed: (m the olhei- hand, llie weak are strengthened, 
 I he hiHigry f.-d. ;md the barren mad.- to bear. Yabueh 
 is tin- sovereign ruler of all life, it is he thai killefli. 
 and maketh alive; maketh poor, and maketh ich ; 
 
 ''M 
 
 >Vx:-'- N.jf-- 
 

 TlIK SMN.iS r,| IfKHKHw Iflsrol V 
 
 Ul 
 
 shiill IIP do. 
 
 ''The fept of his h(.ly will ho k-.-cj) 
 And siL^nee the wioked in di.rkiiess." 
 
1 
 
 
 H"^ 
 
 ,"jy 
 
 . =.^, Twh^^^ji 
 
 
i 
 
 TI. SONYIS OF WKAL AND WOH. 
 
 m 
 
Yalivveli bless thee, and thee keep; 
 (Janse his face on thee to shine; 
 To thee be gracious, give thee peace; 
 On thee lift his face divine. 
 
 Num. vi. 24, 25, 26. 
 
 ...,.ff 
 
 ifP* 
 
 tr;-':- v» 
 
 ap 
 
TllK So\(,s III llKlJItlCW IflSTOUY. 
 
 II. Songs of Wnil ond Woe. 
 
 The son^-s of Weal and \V(»(>. likt> tho Birth-songs, 
 I'lay l)e interpreted in either of two ways: either as con- 
 temporary of the events, and by tlie author of the 
 blessinjr; or as the reflections of a later day, attribntinir 
 to the patriarchs premonitions of the rntnre, and incor- 
 porati ^' them in verse. The view to be taken must in 
 each case be determined by the evidence. 
 
 That parents in early times sliould be moved of the 
 Spirit of God to have intuitions of the coming weal and 
 woe of their children, and to express these forecasts in 
 verse, is possible; and that these forecasts should per- 
 severe, and at length be embodied in history, is natural. 
 
 On the other hand, that the authors of Scripture 
 sliould incorporate in their narrative the songs of bless- 
 ing of a later day. embodying traditions, or t ■:',able to, 
 and interpretative of. the minds of their tribal or religi- 
 ous ancestors, is also probable. The Hebrew people 
 delighted to trace the course of their national life bac': 
 to its cause in the purpose of CJod, a purpose they con- 
 ceived as graciously revealed to their great ancestors. 
 
 Being the idealizing of early traditions, the songs, 
 from being local and domestic, become national and 
 universal. 
 
 
 f'iwr^w^atimiran^wE ■ 
 
20 Tin: SoNcs (»|. ITi:r!ui:\v IfrsTonv. 
 
 1. C„rs<s of Ih, /-'all: (;,.,,. iii. 1 }.);» 
 
 Adam Mas pI.H-r.l i,, ll.r |,l,..-,.s.nit a.i.l IVnilfnl 
 jrardcn of Edoiu f„ keep and dross it. and, with Eve to 
 enjoy the fruits thereof. Livino. , sin.ple and child- 
 J.ke life they duell continually in the enjoyment of 
 divine favor, and liad unrufTIed peaee. As time passed 
 there cam.' to Eve, one day, the desire, sinuous and eii- 
 (•l:antino- as a serpent, to taste a fruit wliicli both (lod 
 J.nd lier couseienee forbade. I'assion and eonsciene.> 
 •stru-Wed MitJiin ]„.,• i„ mortal .•onlli,.t. Tlie voice of 
 (Jod said, "In tlie day tlion eatest thereof thou shalt 
 surely die," the voice of pas.sion said, "Ye shall not 
 surely die; for (Jod doth know that in the dav ve eat 
 thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, a.id "yj shall 
 be as frods, knowino; jrood and evil." She fell, and 
 nith her Adam. Their eyes were opened, but it was to 
 their shame. They gained new knowledge, but it was 
 (he knowledge of sin. In vain did they seek to hide 
 their shame, and to tlee from the presence of (iod: for 
 ho found them in the cool of the day. hiding far away 
 under the trees „f the garden, smitten with remorse. 
 After hearing their vain attempt to hide their guilt. 
 Jind to cast the blame on others. (;„d pronounced upon 
 them, in successi,,,,. the awful conse((uences of their 
 acti(m. Tn these there is a gleam of hope, a lining of 
 the eye to the conflict and victon- ..f fhrist on Calvary. 
 The tradition „f the Fall may have come originaliy 
 from Babylonia, but, lymg in the minds of a devou"t 
 l-eople, it was at length taken up by (lod's servant, puri- 
 
 'is^jp..^mmmm;&:':-'*'%'^^m6m^'^'msmm: 
 
J 
 
 TiiK Som;> ()1 lli;i!m.\v Hisroisv. 
 
 27 
 
 li«'<l of Jill ils |M.|\ llifistii- r|. •Ill, 'Ills, :iii<| slml llinniuli 
 with (fiK- rfli;;i(iiis Itjicliin'^. 
 
 And lli( Lord said inilo llu ai rpml, 
 
 14. (Jui'si'd above all L-iillU' lliou. 
 
 OV-r all beasts of the iieUl ; 
 I'pon thy belly shalt ihoii no. 
 Aiid dust thy food sh;ill yield. 
 
 15. A feud I'll set twixl thee ami her. 
 
 Between her seed and thine; 
 Thy head shall he with venj:enee efush. 
 Thou .strik<^ his heel behind. 
 
 I'nto the woman he sain, — 
 
 1<3. Thy pan<j:s, and boafinir. Til inerease. 
 With pain thy youn<i- thou "It see. 
 Still for thy husband lono- jiiid yearn. 
 And he rule over thoe. 
 
 And mito Adam he said, — 
 
 17. Since thou didst to thy wife i>ive heeci. 
 
 P]at from the forbidden tree. 
 '(Jainst whieh T did exjjressly ^'wr 
 Commandment unto thee, 
 
 Cursed the frronnd l)eeause of tlu'e. 
 AVith toil eat all thy da.\. 
 
 18. Thee thorns and thistles shall it yield. 
 
 And field-herb be thy stay. 
 
 19. By sweat of face shalt thou eat bre.id. 
 
 Till cnmo to <rvound n-hence tn'rii; 
 For dust thou art. and unto dust 
 Return thou shalt airain. 
 
28 
 
 'I'lir: SoN.is oi- FTKiir:i:w msiORV. 
 
 IHo pv.l, U-.„n in K.lon. s|,.ll,..,|ouM ll... ..ps ...l 
 ""^••'' Ni'^.11 Im. I..M, ...,„finn..,l HH.I l.i,,,., ,.„nn,.-fs I,. 
 twoon oood „Ml ovil in the uorM. J,, th.- sln.-l,. tl,. 
 n,irl.too„s. uho oppose Pvil, sIk,]| sMllVr, l,„f at lon.^tl, 
 One shall rise Mho sh.-.ll ernsh it under his heel. '^ 
 
 WoM.an. hec-nMse of her station, as mother and wife 
 shall have ...any ,„.ins to endure, and sorrows 1o hear. 
 Man too. heeause the fath<M- of 11... rm-o. will have to 
 ^^'nu<r l,„ jjvin. fro,,, the stuhhorn soil, and wa^e eon- 
 stant warfare a-ainst the thorns and thistles of his fields 
 until .t last he returns to the ground from which he 
 eame. 
 
 (2) God's Covenant with Noah-. (Wn. viii. 21. 22. 
 
 Vexed hy the -rowing corruption of the world fJoo 
 broufrht upon then, a flood, and destroyed man an.l 
 beast saving Noah and his fan.ily. and such animals as 
 would he necessary to replenish a purified land. Aft.M- 
 ong waiting. Xoal, left his ark and ..ffered the sacri 
 fice of gratitude unto (Jod; and Cod. well-pleased re- 
 solved, because man is weak and vain, no more to smite 
 the earth with a flood. 
 
 Ana Yahweh smelled the savour sweet 
 21. And straightway said witln'n 
 
 Nor ground, nor he.nst. since man thinks ill 
 I II eurse, noi- smite at-aiii. 
 
 
TlIK S(l.\(.S OK IlKIUlKW Hl>STOUY. 
 
 22. liiil sfcdliiiio, luirvost. cold, jiiid heat. 
 As lonj,' as cartli shall last. 
 And summer, winter, da.v. and ?iii:lit. 
 Shall never, never pass. 
 
 (^^ Of Xnoh upon his S^ois : (leu. i\. 2.">-27. 
 
 Wheu Xoah left tlie ark he lte<:an to cultivate the 
 vine. and. tln'onirh inne}i drinkitiLr of the wine, fell into 
 shame. TTani. like the shameless ranaanites. of which 
 he was aiieestor. left his father cxposc'd. and went and 
 Lilecfnlly told his brothers. Shcm and Japlietli. movod 
 with pity, covered their father's shame, and Xoali. ris- 
 injr from his dehaiicli. pi-niionnced a cin'se upon TTam, 
 fnlfilled to this da.v in the snh.jection of the uncliaste 
 (^anaanites: but a hlessinir u|)ou Sheiii. with whom CJofl 
 dwells, and upon Japhcth. in peace and wide dominion. 
 
 (hi TTiini — 2~h ('urse<1 he Tanaau. 
 Servant of servants 
 Be to liis brethren. 
 
 Oil Sin in I'd. lilcssed Vahweli. (iod of Shem : 
 Jr Canaan be his slave. 
 
 Oh J<i/)li<lli 21. Japhelh. may (!od n)or(> enlarire. 
 Tn tents of Shem to live, 
 i'anaan him to spcve. 
 
 The relalivi' position of the three urial divisions of 
 llie hum.'in raee ,irc Ihit sr| roilli. ;ind llieir destinies 
 (•(ince;\ed. as joi'ccastcd in the coiidnel ol' Ijir sons, and 
 the pronouncement of ilicii- I'atlier. 'IMh- Canaanitish 
 
30 
 
 TiiK So.NG.s OF FTebrkw Historv. 
 I-;'Pl;' ;.hv.ys wo,v. «,Hl nro t„-dny. ,„ui,.r a .urso of 
 .snl„„,.s.sio„. l„.<.a„so „f th.ir li(MMiti„nsn.-s,s. Tho Son.i 
 <>'* P-r>le .....joyed tl.o pnvson.v of (;<k1 with tl..,., a.,.l 
 P<>"<"; /'V.M- Ila.n. Tl.o Japhiti. p.opl,., tl...,,,.!, o..- 
 n-oa.l.,..,. o„ tJ.e lo...-tior.v of SI.,.,,.. s<.,„d.t his 1.„, for 
 l«'ll<nv.sh.]) and reli-io.is- iiist.-iicfion. 
 
 (4) Of Isaac on Jacob and Esaa : 
 
 <i<'... xxvii. 27-29, 39. 49 
 
 Fsaao. th. fathor of T.sraol a..d Kdo,„. u-o„ld ],.fon. 
 |..v.„fr host.nv his hlossin,. „po,. Esa„. his oldost ami 
 avnn.d so,.. rons,Mo„s that Kel.okah's artifice l,ad 
 Intherto i„te,-fe,-ed with his wish, he takes everv pre- 
 <'»nt,on that this ti„.e it „,a.v not he diverted ' B„t 
 ••"th the elever,.ess of Rohekah a,.d the divi„e p.n-pose 
 u. the so.,s. deeide the ,„atte,-. a.,d the hh-ssin?. meant 
 tor Esan. ,s nnwittin-ly l)esto\ved npo„ Jaeoh. 
 
 On Jacob — 
 
 -7. Lo, the smell of my son 
 
 As the siiicll of J, fipi,] 
 
 Which Yahweh hath blessed. 
 ~^. yiiiy (',()(] also i>iv(^ thee 
 
 Of Ih,. dew o<' the heavens. 
 
 And Ihi' r.-ilncss of carlh. 
 
 With pi. 'Illy (.r ,.,„•„ ;,,„■ 
 
 Wl,l(' 
 
 I ti> *jBsr^-^imsisssaaimm^mw 
 
 ^ -'-J. '-■ 1. 
 
 ■X .ii's^:. 
 
 riii-^k 
 
J 
 
 J 
 
 TlIK S((.\(;.S OK llKllKKW IIisroKY. 31 
 
 'JD. Lei pe(»{)lps t(>(» s(>rvf th.'c. 
 
 And nations bow down to thoo; 
 I^e Lord o'er thy fellows; 
 Thy bretliren lionor thcv; 
 Ciirsod thy ciirscrs; 
 Rlossed thy blfssors. 
 
 Tsnu'l dwrlt ill a land, peculiarly favorod of flod. 
 with the d»nvs of lioavon. and Iho richost products of 
 the earth. She also occupied an enviable position of 
 security, and sovereifrnty. over p(H)pIes round almnt her: 
 and. especially for lonj.' years, over Kd(nii. The his- 
 torian fondly finds a forecast of the cliaraeter. and des- 
 tiny, of Israel and Kdoiii in this story of their ances- 
 tors. 
 
 J'pou Esdii: Gen. xxvii 39. 40. 
 
 Esau, after much entreaty, secures from his disap- 
 I)ointed father a l)lessin'r. which is more of a curse than 
 a blessinjr. Tsaac is strangely in the hands of destiny, 
 and speaks the words of Cod rather than his own wish. 
 
 "The h)t is east into the la]), but the wholt> dispos- 
 in<r thereof is of the Lord." 
 
 Aii(] hiKic saltl — - 
 
 39. Lo. from llie fatness of eai-th 
 Thy dwellinjr shall he: 
 
 From the (]o\y of heaven above: 
 
 40. By the sword shnit thou live. 
 -And thy brother shalt lliou serve; 
 lint, b_\ foatiiiiiLi afiir-. if shail i.r. 
 
 Mis yol<«^ from tli\- neck tlion slmlt free. 
 
•'- TlIK So.\(,S ()!• IlKIIKKW IIISTOKV. 
 
 Far .lidVront this fn.ru tlu. hh.ssi,,;; of .Jacob I„ 
 <»>.' nu-ky .rid .losort ,.f K.lu,,.. far fro,,, tho fatness of 
 <^arth. and th- d.-w of h.,,v..n. dwolt tl,. d.s.vr.d.nts of 
 Ksan. n.akin^^ th.i,. livi,,. l.v war and ph.r.dor, a VH.ssal 
 •>J r.r;,.>l. Hnt no) to,- ov.r: fo,-. aft.r .n jovinj> for a 
 tnr.o tho conipai-ativ,. froodo,,, of fh,-ir dcsort lif.^ thov 
 iit l.'nj,'th, l,r(»k.' away fro,,, Ja,.,.!.. 
 
 (5) Of Jacob on Ills Sons: <;,.„. xlix. 2 27. 
 
 'Hio anciont patriand, Ja-oh oafh^rs about him his 
 sons, and i)ronounoos „po„ i}„.,„. „„t so ,„„ch a bl.'ss- 
 mpr. as a statement of their eharaeler and destiny. The 
 writer is familiar with the position and h.t of the tribes 
 as thev were afterwards settled i„ (-anaan. and with 
 their eondn.'t. worthy, and nnwo.-thy. durin- the eon- 
 riuest. an.l throh-ho„t tlie p,M-iod of the Judfres The 
 poem is eharaete.-ize.i by „,o,-aI intensity, an.f national 
 H rvor. 
 
 AiifJ Jacob said. 
 
 2. Assemble and hear, ye sons of Jacob. 
 And hearken to TsracI yonr father. 
 
 Ifnibni. 
 
 n. iJeiibeii. i„y fi,-sfboni thou, my ,„iobt, 
 Th.- lii-sl-IVnil of „,y p,.;,,,,'- 
 Tl,uu-h Mul,!.. i„ di-,iify. .-x.-rllHil in p.-uvr 
 *• Ihoii II, uanloi, as wafer, d.-clitie. 
 
 jpy^fi^arai 
 
j 
 
 i 
 
 TllK .S.,N,;s ,,K VlWMM lllslnKV -f 
 
 y^n- llloll \v..|i|rst Ilj) 
 
 To thy father "s .,uii Imm|, 
 And llircc 1||(„| .Icfil.dst ; 
 To my foilcll li,. iiS<T|i<|.'(I. 
 
 l-^.r MM.,-.. , surrouf,,! .i,„|.M..Mf. f|,;u> . wish. His 
 "''7"- ": •'"^- -"' '""1 '• '- ,..•„..... sph.n.lic, i,. 
 
 ""/; ""^' •"'^•">- '" ^^'•""-♦•': ''nl.MiM. ov..,. uith 
 - fnlnoss <.r ,if., ,.„„,.„ ,,, ^.^^, ,,^^,^^^,,^. ^^^^^^^ 
 
 ,)"';"" '" ""^^••- '"'- '<' '"■ r>rovail: As.ith' 
 
 '-nb.n snu,th,h.fnh.. At first stn.n^ ...I vi..., s 
 
 -•It Icuyth wanton and vivu-irrl •.( i.. « i 
 
 '■■"I ^ i\ \\ai(i. at last unknown. 
 
 Siituon II nd /.< /•/. 
 
 ."). SiMiroM and L.'vi an- hrofhrrs 
 
 With weapons of vioh.„,.o th.-ir f.ontra.-t- 
 
 •>. Aly soul ontcc nof fhoir oonn.-il. 
 
 My dory joM, „ol thoir oon.-lavo. 
 
 For in fury slow thoy uu-u. 
 ^ And with ploasnn-. oxm hon-h.-d ■ 
 '. ( nrs.-d ho thoir fncy. fjoivo. 
 And thoir wrath so hai-d ! 
 Thy in .Taooh T'll disporso: 
 Tlicm in Tsrao] divido. 
 
 SH.H.on an<l L.-vi. wihl warliko .rih.s. in hitlor vo- 
 von^. for insult to Dinah, thoir sistor. massaorod 1h. 
 Shoohonntos. and ornolly destroyed their snhstanee 
 TWanso of this thoy hronuht on fhon.sei.es a war of 
 "xtonnination hy ,ho Tanaanitos. whieh left then, so 
 ^v.'Mk. that Snn.H.n hooon.es ahsorhod in J„dah ar.d 
 
:n 
 
 llU S«iM,.s nK FIkkkcw HisriiRr 
 
 l.fvi <iiil\ m;init;niis his i(|.iitit\ ,)s flir pnosthoofl ot 
 tilt' pt'oplc. 'I'lh-ir rrv«>ri^'o. jiiid cniolty towards tlic 
 Slicchciiiitcs. were so rovoltintr iis in alirnato the sym- 
 pathy (if tht'ii- fi-ioiuls. hriiit; upon thoiu the fury of 
 lh»'ir cut'iiiics. and tiic .ju(l<niiont of (Jod: to divide them 
 ill Ja<M)l), scatter them in Israel. 
 
 Jndali. 
 
 S. Thy lii-cthrt'ii. .Tii(Uih. shall ther praise. 
 And thine own hand shall be 
 On thy foe's ticclx. thy father's sons 
 ShidI also how to thee. 
 
 !). .\ lion's whelp. tluMi Jiidah, art. 
 My son jione uj) fivtni '"avin: 
 Stoopinu. erouchiny:, as a lion. 
 A lioness, who shall rouse him? 
 
 10. The sceptre shall not turn from Jiidali. 
 
 Xor stall* from between liis feet, 
 Till he attain unto his (»wn. 
 And him the jieoples irreet. 
 
 11. Binding' his foal to the vine. 
 His eolt to the tender shoot. 
 
 He wash(4li his frarments in wine. 
 11 is vesture in blood of the trrape-. 
 
 12. Lustrous his eye from the wine. 
 And white his teeth from the milk. 
 
 The eharaeter. and ])rosperity of Judah. are here 
 beautifully conceived. lie holds an enviable and sover- 
 eiyrn place amonj,' the tribes. lie has jrone up to his den 
 
T.u- Sov..> ,„ ||n;i!.„ |(,>,..,.v. .,., 
 
 ;;',;"',""'^- ^ ""-> <• ■.,„„., ^J 
 
 '•.""■' '- II"' >l-ll I .i,.,K, „,,•„„' 
 
 f";.'";-, ;■'- '"■■• ^i-" i i- ^ „„. ,. 
 
 - . .,,1. .,.,,,,, ,,, „, „„.„ ,. „ ^„ ,^,^^ . 
 
 ni< I0l|,.,f^ of Ills iiihoritjinc,-. 
 Zihuhnt. 
 
 r^. Zel.ulu,, sh.U ,hv,.,l ..., th. sh.Mv of tl... se-. 
 Kven h,. at the Imven <,f ships 
 And his frontier <.„ Zi.Jor. shall h... 
 
 Showing, the eoura^ro. an,] stahilitv of Z.-hnlun thnt 
 -'" and .Maintained its territorv in th. '/ 
 
 stron. and warlike people of Zid;,n. ^'' 
 
 hsncluir. 
 
 14. Issaehar is a ^riant ass. 
 
 Among sheepfolds Kin- 
 !•>• For he saw the rest-pJae,". j.o<,d 
 
 And the land that it was pleasanf. 
 
 He to burden bowed his sh.ndder 
 
 And to tribute was a servant. ' 
 
 Mi<rhty. but stupid, like a -,-0^^ nss ulnVl. 
 its i;h<.r.f,- 1- 1 " -"''T fi^^ wnieh surrenders 
 
 -•*n,. ,f „,„, „„„„.,rt p,„„,. ,,„„ - 
 
 ""■ '■""""'■"■■• "'■ '--I-- "• -f..„„, i„„,„; ; 
 
:\r, 
 
 'I'm: So\(;s OK [fenuEW Flx.sroRV. 
 
 -IisIihIm.I .•||j,,M,,r|il (.r |li^ ri'ilill'lll Ijili.l. i-Vrll with 
 
 triliiilc. nillioi- llijiii 
 
 Tile ■ilocioiis privilege of hciii-:- iiKicpciidrtit. "' 
 
 Ihiii. 
 
 1<). Djiii slijill Judyc liis pcdpio. 
 As ii trilic of rsi'jK'l ; 
 
 17. liy flio way a sci-pcjil. 
 liy 1li(^ i)atli ail addor, 
 Hiliny horsos' lieels, 
 Its I'ider fallinj; after. 
 
 IH. Foi- tliy salvation 
 
 T havf waited Yalnvcli. 
 
 Thnnyli a small and iiisioniticant triiic. Dan took its 
 sliaiv in the jiidiiiiiy' of Israel. *:ivinpr thoni Samson. 
 Althonyli few i?i nnmbors. it. by wily taotics in warfare, 
 often overcame superior foes, perseverinsr against micrhty 
 odds, awailiiiti' the favor of (iod. 
 
 Gofl 
 
 10. Kohher bands .shall harass Gad. 
 lint he shall iioad their heel. 
 
 Tlirouirhont their history, fJad, in eommon with 
 Reuben and .Manasseh, was raided from Ihe desert by 
 hordes of .\ral»ians. but (lad, in Ihe most spirited way, 
 ejected them. 
 
 Ashcr. 
 
 20. Fat shall be the bread of Asher, 
 And royal <]ainties sliall he vield. 
 
 PiP"PW 
 
 
'J'liK S(i.m;.s or Hkiikkw TIistokv. .-j; 
 
 Oi.,'U|>injr a nVl. f.-rrifery. ;„hI with ..|>-'<. r.K.rkofs in 
 IM.(.OTMVia. Ashor liw,] •uxin-iuusly .1 l„„„,. ,„cl niad. 
 a naiiio hy liis pnxi . i- 
 
 ili'-iU!,. 
 
 \iiph hili. 
 
 21. Naplitali is a liind n-li-asrd. 
 nnpriri!.' sdiuids of lifjiufy. 
 
 On Uw l.rna.l l,.Mo|,ts of \;,,,l,t:,!i. uitl, its radiant 
 sky. and breezy .mllnok. Ii,p u,is In... .uid .'xl.ii,u-atintr. 
 •Van took- on ll„. s,,..rtiv<. spirit of |,is ,nunn!ain hnuu, 
 
 22. Joseph is a frnitfn] Ix.nuli. 
 Fruitful hy a fountain. 
 And. liiffh up o'or tlic wall. 
 Are his h?-auf'h(N tiiountin<i-. 
 
 2:?. .Xrchers yriewd. sliot at, pursued liini -. 
 
 24. Rut steady liis how remained: 
 By the Miaiitx- of .Ta.-ol.'s jx.wer 
 "Was his str.'U-th of hand sustain. mI. 
 
 H.v tlie name of Israel's sliepherd. Koek, 
 2r). By ihy father's Cod thee lielps. 
 
 And the .Mmi-hty thee doth Mrss. 
 Wilh hlessin-js (d' heaven al)nve 
 Hlessinys (d' fh.' drep h.-nealh. 
 lUessiriiis ,,r wniidi and h?'.;,s|. 
 
38 
 
 'I'm: S()\(;.s OK IlKIIRKW UlSTOKY. 
 
 2G. Thy 1;.tluM--s })l,'ssinirs lunc prevailed 
 <)■<')• hlcssiiiizs of my fathers 
 Tiilo the limit of hills eternal. 
 And shall be on Joseph's head. 
 
 On his crown, from brethren i»arted. 
 
 Joseph, the fruitful l,on-li. hran.-h.-d out into the 
 populous and powerful tribes of Knhraim and Manasseh 
 whose peoi)le w,«,v exten<lin- far b.-yond th.-ir bound- 
 aries. Tried s.»r..ly. as Joseph had be.Mi. bv tlieir 
 <'nemies. they w.-re. lik,. him. abundantly sustained by 
 the (Jod of their fathers. They were also blessed with 
 H thousand blossinos. hi-h as the heavens, doep as the 
 depths, and et(>rnal as the hills. 
 
 firnjaniin. 
 
 27. Ronjatiiin as a W(.]f shall r.i in. 
 T?i the morninjr j)i-ey dovour. 
 Tn the eveninjTT s])oil divide. 
 
 This warlil«> eharaeler and life w.mv developed in 
 Bon.jiunin from the roeky nature of th.> eountry in 
 uhieh be dwelt, in whieh. thouirh it was ditTHeult to eon- 
 «(nor. and itniintain. it was doubly dittieult to seeure a 
 liviny. 
 
 ! 
 i 
 
 ^imm^mmm^m^ ^i'^^ ' 
 
 ,^^ 
 
TlIK S(>.N(,N OK llKlSKKU lllslOKV. 
 
 ;iii 
 
 Hi) Aaron's fi, lutficl i,,,, on (foil's Aroiif: Xuiii. vi. 24 
 
 After 111,' rmii.lM'rinjr of tlu- cliildi-,.,! rf •.'•;,r|. -.nu] 
 nanlninms j-iv.-n f,.i- the iri.-in-h. (i,,,! -iv.s M ;, l,r„.<- 
 <li('tion, which A»nm mul the pn.-sts are tc pro'n.M.iHM. 
 upon the peoph> „f Israel, the Ariri.v of Cm] in their 
 journey. 
 
 24. Valnveh bless tli,.,.. and llic kerp. 
 
 25. Cause his face on thee to shin,-. 
 2f). To thee I),' iii-aei,,us. t:ive Ih.M- peace. 
 
 «>ll thee lift his faer tiivirir. 
 
 Anion- Ih.' many hlcssinns uhidi (i,„| uives tlir 
 •'I'lireh. fh.. individual material .•omCnrts an- the least. 
 We are eneoiira-ed ,, p,,,y f,„- these, hut more f,.r 
 
 <;"<l's keepinu'. a.- the liuhi of hi: intenanee. 
 
 which assuivs us . nis approhatiun and mercy, and 
 liriii'.'-s us peace. 
 
 n 
 
 (7) 0/ Mosis on /sidtl; Deiil. wxiii. l'--_'<) 
 
 '•'^•'^ I '"• '''«' ""' previous ••lilessin-s .d" .lacol..'- 
 
 in <MMi. .xli.x.. consists of a seri.-s of hen.'.lict ions ui.on 
 the tribes of Israel. Xofinir the ,.|iaracter. ..r cndiicl. 
 llie p..sitioii. or Maligna! fun-ti..,,. of .-a.-h tribe, th- 
 author uivcs It ,fs mead of p,,,,.,, Kspeeiailx ,Uu-< he 
 ""'"""" ""' ^ '"<'>'- "I' <-<! to Isra.l. both in the 
 
^1) 
 
 <I('SCC 
 
 Tin: Sn\(,s ()!■ IlKijitKw Hisi 
 
 ouv. 
 
 , •""' '" <''••'-'•'"»■< '.nnan. Th. p....,,, diir.-rs 
 
 ;■•""/''"''"••-"'"- -"■ in tl.M, ,, n.ni.s SiMH..m; fl... 
 >'-n.,san..||..Hl.,,is„., .1... prnis. of ..,>!. is .oN- 
 
 '"■"7' ^^'^'^ >^i>'"mlo,.. Ulnl. tl.Mt of.IlMl.h is MM....,,.. 
 
 ""dW,. lVo,„lM>inu. tril f viol,:.,..-. |,..n„M..s(;o<rs 
 
 -'H.tly „n,.. Th,. .pin, .,r „.,• ,>„...„ is h.,p„n,,. .,,,1 
 '•"">•"•"• i'-l'-'ti...- 11..,, ,1... ....,„li,i„n ..,' tl„. p,..pN. 
 
 \vas ,1,,., ui s,.„|,.,| „.,! pn,sp,.n,„s s..,-,„-i,v. I, n^p,,. 
 
 H'..,s ,1,,. spin, ,.r M,, ,,,,,1,,,,,, ki„„,|o,,,. and was donl,,- 
 '-S wn„,.n ,., ..nil'y ,|... „a,i,m. an.l awak,-,. i„ i, , 
 Nfiis,' ,)| (iod's j^'oodjiess. 
 
 I'Jxon/iin)). 
 
 -. Valiw,'}. caiii,' fidii. Sinai. 
 I^tsc t'foii. Scic U]u)u then.. 
 Shon,. f,.,-tl, iV„„i .AI„„„t Pai-a.i. 
 Fvoiii ni.vna<ls ,.,' alfars ,.aii.,'. 
 
 I'oiiivd fn..,. tl„.if i-iulit np,.ii 11.0111. 
 
 '^- "^''^i" Ji'' l<»v<',!i 111,. p,.,.p!,.s. 
 
 ^ All liis saiiils a, ll.y sid<\ 
 They \\|.,, sal at ,liy f,>,'l. 
 ■RcM-iviiiii' ll.y \vitr,1. 
 
 ^- lit' <'f,iai(.,'d us a law hy .M,.s,'s. 
 
 A posscssi,.!. r • Ja.-.iirs ass,M„l,lv. 
 And 111,. IV was a kii.u- ii, . I, .shun.,. * 
 WlH'M tl.,. l„,„ls ol- ,1.,. p„„ph, ,,,.,■,. o,,(|.,.n.,I 
 
 All ,1.,. lnl„.s r,f Tsra,'! l,.u-,.,|„.,.. 
 
 '" "''^^ '"•'•■I' I""!'.-'.-.. 1., Ilir , Ml. 1! uM.ln,... „!• 
 
 «-d l„ Israrl ill ,1... ,|.-s,.i.l is r..vi,.w,.,l. Valiw-l. is ,v- 
 |'ivs,.iil,.,| as slii.iii.u. r„,,|, „p„„ I,,,,,, I j„ ,,,,, ^,^.^^,^.| 
 
< 
 
 Iiii; su\(,s oi- I|i:i!i!i:\v llismiiY. 41 
 
 iVoMi tl... sM.-iv,! Mi.MM.fi.ins iiM.i iln.ir l„ul, pla.vs n.inul 
 
 "'•""^- ^'"^ '-'■ '"^■'- <" »1'""' I'- i^iws 11,..,., his woni .t 
 -^Mini. IS pmsriit ;,t tlH-ir n.r|„ |,;,,„| ;„ ,,„. ,,,,^,.,.^ .,,^^, 
 
 iit h'Uirih -ranis tl,,.,,.. ass..,„l.h.,|. ,,.,'1 ii„il,.,l. ,- l<i„n. j,, 
 
 <'anaan. The rca(lii,t;. 
 
 ''From mijridfh of ollars runn , 
 
 From llnir ru,l>l (haml ) I ,>,n,n<l fnrth „pnn th.,n" 
 «'i" \v,-s.' 2, s.v„,s a iH.ssil,h> aii.l s„ilahi.> n.,„|,.ri„u- of a 
 difficult passa-c. Th.' w.„-.l Fslnhtlh u..„|,l 1„. the i,,,- 
 porfoel. first p,M-s(.„ si„oi,lj„-. of Ihc II,.|.iv\v shadnh. to 
 sho(,t, ..,• po,„- fo,-|li. an.j uoiild „„,„,. that (io,l. li|<,. f|„. 
 nsiiiu- su.,. sh.H.c f.„.ih rn.„i fhri,- ,-iuhl ha„(i np<.„ lli.,„ 
 '" "" ""' .'n-ulu..,,,.,. of his ulo.y. Thf ...rossai-v 
 "'ir„,lati..„ „f the trvt is of th.' v.Tv siaipl.-st kind. 
 //( iiht II. 
 
 'i. i-t'l I\*(mi1m'|i livr. Udl (lie. 
 I^ut let his ,11. 'II !•.■ feu. 
 
 Til CPU. \lix. :{. 4. h.. was uaiilni, as vval.-c. ati.i would 
 ii..f px,vl. .\ii,I ho did not. ]I„,v. ur haw ,ih„v a 
 No.Towfiil statf„„.„l nf fa,-t. thai, a wish. h ,.o,-n's- 
 ponds with the pcsilioi, lak.M, l.y K'.Mihr,, i,i histoi'v. and 
 1h.' pf(.pl,.-ti,. jiid-inciii upon his way. P..M-(.„,i„u. 
 wrak.w. and wcal«.,-. hr \W\Ay inaiiitaiiird his rNistcnc,'. 
 J IK I all. 
 
 7. Aiitl lliix lo .hid, ill. mill h, s,iiil. 
 
 •'<;if Ihi' \ui( r .liidah. Vahwrh. 
 
 And hcii'j- him to his prophv 
 II"'. u ill, hand. iMiiitriid,.d foi- the, II, 
 H<' 'iiaiiisl his foi's a helper. 
 
IJ 
 
 I'lIK S(| 
 
 M.S o|- IIkkukw lll.si 
 
 OKV. 
 
 Th( 
 
 •TikIkIi in ( 
 
 ro is ;! Muirk.-d .linVivnc.. Im-Iw,..-., f| 
 
 •iicsis xlix. (),]2 ;,,„] I 
 
 It' pniisc of 
 
 Tiliios li.-ivr clijiliiinl. .uhI ;,Isu tl 
 
 icrc. 
 
 ic wjis ji yoimii- liiiti. sfi-()( 
 
 l>roy: none daHny to rons.. hini. His f 
 
 !'■ urilt'iN. Koi-Mici-ly. 
 ii:-. ;in(| licrcc. r.-stini!' on his 
 
 liopc fo n'jicli his own h; 
 ^tnifrj.J<". If now lives 1 
 Tficn. lie \v{ishc<| I 
 'lieni in hhiod. 
 
 ni-MKM- coilfidcnt 
 
 s ('onlinued with fniill 
 
 ess 
 
 '"''•Jiiise it is woffliv of n 
 
 ■v.jii'd. 
 
 IIS i;;iniienis in wine. now. I 
 
 K' washe; 
 
 ^' I'l. 
 
 8. All,/ of L(,-i I, 
 
 I sail 
 
 I, 
 
 'rii.v Thii 
 
 iiiinim. iUhi thv I'riMi. 
 
 W 
 
 Be for thy saint 
 
 horn fhou did -St try at Massali 
 
 y one 
 
 At lAJ 
 
 oi'ihahs waters prove 
 
 •*■ ^^''"^ ^"i'l of father and niotl 
 
 'I'hiMM have J 
 
 lei', 
 
 Wh 
 
 never seen 
 
 o iielsnowh'duvd not his l.re!l 
 His eliilch'en had 
 
 iren. 
 
 iK'vei- known. 
 
 For thy word do thev ol 
 
 And thv 
 
 •serve 
 
 ('<(V( 
 
 llilllt they i<r('p. 
 
 10. Thy .iiid,i,nne?its unto ,I;,(-ol 
 Thy hiw to Israel |..ae|| 
 
 Th.'y set ineeilse in Ihy n,,sfrils. 
 Wlinle l.urnt offering on thine alt 
 
 11- ^Fay Vahweh hiess his sni 
 
 ir, 
 
 And 
 
 ri'C(i\ I 
 
 nis rian.l 
 
 ifiil 
 
 '■ llif.iiiidi lii-^ .ip|, 
 
 >slanee 
 
 laltnlll' 
 
 i'<i|ii riNMej 'J, 
 
 'ii>-nt-, ' luiii- 
 'iii^l him. his haterv 
 
TlfK S(.\,,s OK liKliKKW lIlsTKUV, 
 
 43 
 
 I 
 
 '^ '';"'■;'• ''^'^■""•^- '•'■ ^''- ^i"'""- .-"..1 ,-n,..|tv or Sun,.oM' 
 ='"< Levi, thoy furf..it..,| tl..- sy,,,,,,,,,, .,,• „„.i,. ,..„^,^^.^ 
 
 ^'"•1 dreu- on tlM.,M.s..|v...s tl„. .j,„|. „t of CmI' i|.,o" 
 
 l^<'V, alon.. nuM.,,^^ 'h. t,,o..s. is uo,.,|,v to ...mnl th,: 
 
 s.m.dlotofTs,...,: To,. „.. ,.Hy pn.; ,...., fo,- 
 
 *"•'• '•"•'' "^ ^'"-- "•"' i" t' <-,.!. „..| ,n ,1... „.ost 
 
 ";'P"'-»'''l -'•>•• i"<"-m.M.dis..h.r...,|,h..s.,.,v.lM,ti.>s 
 ':' '"^ •"^'''•'- •"^■"••i"~ ^"'-nfin.. .M.I M,lMnMisl..nn.. j„s- 
 '"■••• 'n...s W.S 1„. worthy of l>l..ssiMu. ..Ml i.rot.vtion. 
 
 f{' II in III in. 
 
 12. <V />\ II in mi,, ],, siiiil. 
 
 Til." l.clov.'d (IIIC of V;||l\\,.|| 
 
 'V- llilii sli.-ilj s;if.. n-sid,.. 
 All d;iy l,,,,!^- h,. sllclt.Ts him. 
 H.'tW.Vtl his s||..lll(|..fS hi,l,.s. 
 
 n- 
 
 . '''"' "•''•••«'»• H.'n.i;..„iM. h.-luvrdoftlH. Lord .s Hp 
 •'"""" ^^''^^ "f !.is f.-.tln.r. dw.It hnr.l hv th. t-nml.. of 
 
 ' ';'^'' "-'h. .Md u.-.s s,...,nv. Th.. Lord .ISO .-OM.- 
 
 PH.s-s.'.l J.M„ ;d,ont with ,H.r,.,.tn;d hills. .,„! in his 
 tnn,,h.. ,hv..|t in th. hollou .d" his uM.nnt.i,, ho,,,.. 
 
 •lost i>]i . 
 
 l-'l And ,,f .l,,s, 1,1, I,, s,il,l, 
 
 ni.'SS,.d of ^•;d!\V.■!i In-, !,,,i,i 
 Wdh ,.,r(s n\ h.aVr,, ;,|,oV. 
 
 •^"'' '•"■ '''■'■I' fl,;it li.H, lH.,„,,lh 
 
(I 
 
 Till: S(.\(,s w llKUKtW lllsioKV. 
 
 14. Will, th,. iViiitfnl issue <,f sun. 
 
 And the pm-iuus produ*-- .,f mh.um ; 
 '•>■ NNith n.-h.'s (.f aiK'ifnt mounh.ins 
 
 And fli(. ucidtli of ctoniid hills- 
 !'•• \\>tl. (h(. bc.unly of ...rth nn,! its fuln.-ss 
 
 And his favour who duHt in the hush • 
 
 •\liiy It (-(.111.' on tho hcjid of .loscph. 
 
 On his ,Touri from luvthrci pjirtod. 
 
 IT. .Maj<.sty ho his ;,s th(. lirst-horn of ..x.-n 
 Ills horns the horns of the hison : 
 ^N'tli Ih.iu Mi;.y he toss U\o p..opI,., 
 All thp ends of th.' oarth lo-.-fhcr- 
 And they hr niyriads <.f Kphrj.ini 
 And thoy th.Misands of .AFanassch 
 
 .^o much liKv the henodiction of (;,>n. xlix oo.o^ ^|,,,^ 
 in p.Hs th..v aro icleuti.al. Th. wish is oxpri^^d tlu.l" 
 ""' ;''"'<l'-<>n of Josoph. th. tribes of Kphrai... and Man- 
 -seh. Mu^ht. as th..y did. en.i<.y. in tl.oir inhoritanee. 
 tl... favour of (;od. in th. riches. hLssinus of heaven 
 •'n<l earth: h. nii-hty auainsi their fo.s. and -reatlv 
 multiply and prospej-. 
 
 Zdnilini iitid Issmhur. 
 
 18. Ami of Xdnilini Ik said, 
 
 l^ejoiee () Zchuluu iji tliy i^oiny'. 
 
 And in thy lent? () Fssaeliar;' 
 H). Vea call the pr.,p|,.s to the niounlains. 
 
 And there iri rii;lil isness offer 
 
 Mini ■ 
 
 IIh 
 
 or 
 
 .1 ti 
 
 IC\ s 
 
 III. sand the hiildeii tr 
 
 iii-k 
 
 easnre 
 
Till Si 
 
 iM.^ "I III i:i:i \v lli- 
 
 llll:^ . 
 
 ri 
 
 !*• (rill 
 
 ''■I'llinii ;,||,| K>,;,r| 
 
 Ml'. .ll'llll. j.Hil I 
 
 |'n.,s|M. roils .-It liuinr. ;n„| ,,i llinr tr.iil,. uitl 
 
 I iii;inliiii 
 
 I't'dplcs. nIkhiM c.-iII the iiilt 
 
 Jiiid llii'iv onVr tli.-iiih 
 I'otli rnnii tile iiiijM.'-t> 
 
 li'lls Im tlirir l||nl||||;ii|, ;,|t;| 
 
 rs 
 
 ^viviiii:- iiiilu ( 
 
 Til 
 
 !■>■ |»r(>lit('(| 
 
 <'<Miiiii- t'roiii .ir.ir. iiriii rnuii lli 
 
 Irciisun-s of tlio saiKl, iiojl 
 
 1 ill 'A'>^d and <'l, 
 
 iss. 
 
 aa</. 
 
 20. Ami of <;,t,l In s.ild. 
 
 ]ih 
 
 Who dwollolt 
 
 'sscd lie ilial cxfriidrlli ( iad. 
 
 I ;is a iioiit 
 
 To, 
 
 ir 
 
 uif; arm and crowti of head. 
 
 21. For liiiiisoif. I 
 Tl 
 
 '<■ saw Hiat. lirsf. 
 
 loro was kept flic leader's pari : 
 Then he Oiiine with heads id" people. 
 Wronjrhl the rii^lijeousness of ^'ahweli 
 And his .ju(l<rnieiils aiiioiiM Israel. 
 
 <ijid. who from afar looks like a I 
 
 Mid teai-inu- the arm and head of 
 
 oness, resting on. 
 
 ill 
 
 .•I Mian, is wordiv of 
 
 I'lossin?. and oxtoiision : for. after e| sine- 1 
 
 portion, oast of t]io Jord,-' . 1 
 
 lis own 
 
 in tlio oonqnosl, of C 
 
 < 'd's rijjhteous rule in Israel. 
 
 10 ei-ossed o\-er. and assisted 
 iinaan. and in the estahlisluiient of 
 
 7> 
 
 (///. 
 
 22. And of Dan he said. 
 Dan is a lion's wholp. 
 That loapolh forth from Rasli; 
 
 m. 
 
 The oliaraotor of a warlike ppe.plo. wh... dwr-ilinu 
 
 the mountain fastnesses on llio oduo of lias] 
 out upon their foes like a lion from its hidinfr. 
 
 in 
 
 um. sprantr 
 
IN Si.\..s 1,1 II 
 
 n:i(i u ||i^,,,i:v 
 
 A II phi, il I 
 
 -■'■ I"'/ "/ .\a/,hl„l> In s.n,l 
 
 '» -N.'f.lK.-.li. n;,,.,| uill, fj.vo.n- 
 , ":' '• ;'l nf tl... Miss of V...|av;.|, 
 
 "''"■ "' ""■ >^"". ;'ii.l ti„. suMii, 
 
 ^•*>--iH.MM.o,,. .,.,, w;,ss.tis,i.., ,,t,. ,.isgo,Kl„,.ss 
 
 "■rriKin. 
 
 Ash 
 
 24. .l>/f/ 0/ J.vAr,- /,, ,,„v/. 
 
 Blossod o'.-i- sons I),. Ash,.,- 
 Of liis brotlircM the fnv..niv,|. 
 His f()(.t in ,,il Micrsod: 
 
 -•">• Thy hiirs ..r iron an.l l.rj.ss: 
 
 As thy ();iys tll\- ,-»"st. 
 
 Ash.,- ..,,i..y,.,| „,., ,,,„,,„„., ^„^^, ,.^^^,^,^^_ 
 
 '""'>• ;""<'"^—'tunu,lIy in tl... Mouin.. oil of his 
 "":''^ ^''''^ '■"-'•''•'--ni.ht .... St...... .n. w L : 
 
 """iforn.pl.'.l ivst „II his dnys. 
 CoiiehisloH. 
 
 -'■ •^""•' •'•'^Imrnii's (iod is li|<,. 
 
 Kidin- o„ tho heavoMs, thv'mioht 
 "I his inn.iVsty. fho skios. 
 <i"d otfnud is thy dwf'lliny 
 And boTioath otcnial arms 
 
 •oMir. and h.' hav<' 
 
 AVho thf .-nfMiy thrust hcforo th 
 And said to theo destroy. 
 
 00. 
 
I III .Sum,-, Ml III |:|;| \> |||.-,|n|;v. 47 
 
 ~s. Isnifi ;il>i<|rrli s.if.lv. 
 
 'I'l)'- follllt;iill (.r .|;ic..|i jilollf. 
 
 In a hmd of cdru and wino: 
 
 His skies the (Irws (lfu|» dnwii. 
 
 2!>. Happy ;iif tlidii (> ImjhI ! 
 
 WllO ;i pe.ipli' |i|<,. t,, Jl,,.,. 
 
 Saved of Valiweh. sldeld of lielp. 
 
 'I'hy s\V(M"d of ditrnify .' 
 Thus thy f.ies shall fawn t<. thoc. 
 
 And thon tread d..\vn thfir Kanetiiary. 
 
 Thofe is iKnie like t,, Vidiweh and non<' lik.- his 
 P-'ople. What lie was t.. each Itihe. he would he f„ tho 
 nation, irn.ntinir them every hjessin- a.i.i the pn.te,- 
 tion of his sti-onL; arm. 
 
 (8i Of Isr,i<J hi, Balooni: XnmboiN xxiii. 7-10. 18-24; 
 
 xxiv. 2-0. 10-2."). 
 
 nalak. Kin- <.f ^foab. alarme.l at tl.e approach of 
 [srael. wlio had lately defeated s;il,„„. kin- of the 
 Anioritos in hattlo. ni.d now tlnoatenod his kipu,],„„. 
 s.Mids far east to tho soothsayor Fialaani. o? Pethor. on- 
 livatin- and seekin- to bribe hi,,,, to eo„„> ;,nd eurse 
 Israel, knowing that the eurse of sneli ;, man is mi-hty. 
 Determined to speak only the word of the Lord.^and 
 yet allured by tbe promise of honor and -aiii. Ralaani 
 L'oes. Thriee (Jod opposes him in the way. bn{ P.alaam is 
 blind to see what even his ass eaii see. When hi.s eyes 
 are at len-th opened, and he is eonvinced that his mis- 
 
IS 
 
 
 !'• W Klhs t<i III 
 
 "■■■•"■"-.— Ml,,,.,.,,.., „r,„. ■■•'"■'• 
 
 I'»;il.-Ik. Iiupi,,- fll;,| t|„. u,„,, ,, 
 
 '' *'"'! niitilif clijuii;-,. 
 
 ' ;"" :- '-- -<-^ '-^.^ ..;•:;: : : 
 
 ;::;''•■'■ '7:'r ■''■■'"-■-■- -■ ..■ : 
 
 (a) Song fray,, ll„ al/ar al l< irjalh-h n:ulh -, x„ 
 
 7-10. 
 
 "i- Bahik. kinu of Alual). 
 T^«-oiit.|ii i.i,. froMi Aram. 
 Jm'oiii ("aslci-|, iiioiiiilains. 
 
 Come, .-iirse for „io Jacoh; 
 Como. (xc.Tate fsrael : 
 
 ''^- How sliall I r-iir.se. 
 \\ lidiii 'ind enrspd not? 
 How !iiiii nniln, 
 Hevilod Valiwfh not 
 
 ^- For fn.i,, m.-k-lop T saw hi,,, 
 Fro,,, t),.. hills r hoh.'h] him. 
 Lo. a people Ii.ne dwellinu'. 
 AfojiL' nations not roHcoiied. 
 
 3'1. Who can Jaooh's dnst ronder 
 Or tho fourth of Tsraol nnm])or'' 
 L.-i me die tho npriirht's doath. 
 .^Iv Ifist end l.(. ;,s his. 
 
 III. .will. 
 
I 
 
 if 
 
 '" ""^'■- '" III UK. u ||i.,,,i:v 
 
 l!t 
 
 , ■^*"''' '"'■'■'"^ -.M.li.-,-, u.,1, l:;,|;,K „,.,, „.,,.,, 
 
 ;""' '"";■"'"''' ^"•"-^^''- ". ..• , ..,.,... „ .;.,," 
 
 ''--•'.■-.I. IF,. .,,1 .•..l„.rl,.. ,n„hr„l. .n.l.li. ., 
 i.M iipn-lit iiijiii. 
 
 
 '" ^'""" ^■"1''"' /''-/"/': Xi.ni. vxiii. lS-04. 
 
 l'^. Aris... H;,|;,|<. .,,,,1 I,,,.,,. 
 
 <> sun n\ Zippnr. jitfrlld. 
 
 >!'• <H>tl is jK.f iiijiii. Id li... 
 
 Xor son ..r iii;iii til (•.•|>iiit. 
 Hatli li.' s;ii(| not l.i do / 
 
 ^|>;il<f llr liiit t(i cniilil'ill .' 
 
 -"• Lh. 1 ),;,VP IV.viwd tl. l.I,.SS. 
 
 II.' hlossoth. r .•.•itin.it r.'tiini. 
 
 -'!• Xo evil ill .Ij,f.,l, 1„. ,H.,v..iv,.,| 
 
 Xor porv,M-s,.n,"ss in Is,,,rl dis.-.m.-l • 
 ^alnvpli. Ids find, is will, Idni 
 Tho shout of a kincr ;,niono- tlicni. 
 
 --• i''**^ l>niiL.vl|, til,.,,, f'nrll, frun, Iv-vpt 
 His as tli(« sp<...d i.r t|„. l.isun: 
 
 -■'?. For in .Tacol) is no an-ui-y 
 Xor in T-v.o! is tlioiv sonirx ■ 
 At lon^^th shall it ho sai.I. 
 Of .Tapoh and of Tsraol. 
 Tio ul,;,t f|„. .\lnii-lif\ di.i: 
 
I III: S..N.,.s MF IIkckkW lll.SK.UV. 
 
 ~^- />", its ;i li.,n.'ss ris.fl, ., ,u,,,|.|. 
 •\n.l I. It. .(I, huMsrir ;,s i, lion 
 l^■st.•tll nor till |„. ,.;,, |,i^ p,,.,. 
 And (lrir.l<..tl. tli.. |,1,m.,| of tin' sljiin 
 
 K.'t.M-n,n.^ l-nm. Pis.^nh. ul„.,v B.lak th..nj;ht to 
 Play<' Mnla.n. h, tlu.t h. niiol.t not sn- ..ll Israel. Haiaan. 
 <l<'''l'"vs to H.|,k tl... im.v..,..sil,|.. uonl. that (i<„| sees 
 "<• I'iM.s. f<,r .MM-s.. in rsrael. that h.Mhv.lMh with tlu.m 
 i'lMl that th.'v a.v pivpariny for victorions war. 
 
 ((•) Fro,,, IJ,, aJt,n-so„ Jiro,--. \,„„. ^^j,. ;{.,) 
 
 4. 
 
 Haluaiti. son of Mcor. siith. 
 
 i^aitli the man of opened eve, 
 Saith who Iwaceth words of "(;od, 
 
 •'^•'•'th visions of Ainiijihty, 
 
 Fallin- down, with evT-s "•■idi-htened. 
 
 How froodly. O Jacob, thy tents. 
 
 O Israel thy tabernaeles! 
 Spread out are they as valleys. 
 
 licside tlie river as gardens: 
 As lijrn-aloes. Yahweh planted. 
 
 As cedars by th(> waters. 
 FioMi Ills buckets sliall waters How. 
 lie oji many watei-s his .seed; 
 Ills kinfr be hicrher than Ajrai.'. 
 
 TTis kinsr(h)m be exalted. 
 
 k-1 
 
TlIK ,S..\,,s ,,l liKllUKW lllMOItV. 
 
 ■^ '•'"•' '••■inovtl, i|„.,„ i„,,|, ,•,.,„„ ,,;._.,.j,, 
 His iis 111.' s|M.,.,l ul" llir l.isuii, 
 "♦■'II .'at lip ii;ili..ns. I, is ;hlv.Ts;iii,.s 
 
 And cnincl. il„.i,. huurs i,, ,,i,.,.,.s 
 And sinih- tli.M.i flin.iml, ui,|, his ]nrmvs. 
 
 n. TFo cn.iu.ln.fl,. liotli down, .-.s ;, linn 
 A linnoss. wliu slijill rolls,, lii,,, ,- 
 Rlossod tliy blps.so7-s. 
 r'nrsod thy cursors. 
 
 Bnlamn. with his ,,vos widoly op..,,,,!, in . fn.no. 
 
 m.s a w,der vision still of ,l,o n,r-str..f..hinu. t.nts .,t" 
 Isrnol ni th. vall.y h.lou. of „... .xt.-nsio,,. ...d 
 s ron,.th of th. nation, of tlio p,vs..n< f (Jod .vith 
 
 hem H, tho past, and of ,ho victorious an.l cri.cl war 
 tnpy arc ahont to wajrt\ 
 
 M| At length Ralak. in ano-cr. would send Balaain 
 ""•ay hack to his own land. "F called fhcc to curse 
 ;;""•' <*"^'M,ios. and behold fhoi, has alfo^vthor hlc.scl 
 <«'.'... lh.^c throe times." Hut Ralaai... before refurnin.^ 
 made declarations concerninir many nations round about" 
 •' '<'•• These may have been ad 1 by a later hand- 
 
 1. XXIV. 15-24. 
 
 l;"). Balaam, son of Reor, saith. 
 
 Saith the man of opened eve. 
 l«l Saith who heareth words of iun] 
 
 Knowinnr knowledjre of the TFiirhest 
 
 Seeinnr visions of Almiffhty. 
 
 Fallin- down, with eyes enliirhtend 
 
 mirv. 
 
52 
 
 Tin: S()N(is OK Hkiikkw IIish.uv. 
 
 I '. I sIkiII sir lijiii. hill Mill lii.u. 
 Shall hohold j,i,„. |m,| „n| Mi-ll. 
 Out of Jacnj) a sfar coined,/ 
 Out of Israo] scopiiv riscth. 
 Which shall s.nito l.ofh sidos of Afoah 
 And all sons of Sotli snl)vf'rt. 
 
 18. Yea Edoni ho a possossion. 
 And Seir his enoiny's riirht. 
 Whilo Tsraol actctli valijmtlv 
 
 19. They of Jaeo)) tread in idijrht. 
 
 , And destroy iJie eity"s rodinant. 
 
 n,e vis.on. here granted Ralaa.n. is that of the 
 ->n. power of Israel a.ainst the peoples east of the 
 . ..rdan. n terrihle war should he devastate and pos.sess 
 
 H^e.r land and eut off even the ren,nant who seek to 
 . rom the e,t.es. Beyond the hori.on of Ralaa.n we 
 - the seep re of Christ's Kin.don, rise to eonrp.er and 
 nile all nations. ' 
 
 11 I 
 
 a 
 it 
 
 ■ ii 
 
 -41/';. ;,w, ,!•/""'■''' ""■''"■''•'■■ """'•■"/""■' 
 
 Amalek was the first of nations 
 Hut his end shall he dostruefi,,,, 
 
 The nation of An.alek was powerful when Israel 
 I'ntered Canaan, hut. in the ,une of Saul and Davi.l 
 Hieir power was broken. 
 
 'j^r'S ' X'lB'XfVfMB: 
 
j 
 
 i 
 t 
 
 ! 
 
 I 
 
 The .So.ncs ok Ukukkw IfisiouY. 5;} 
 
 (f) 22. An<l he looked on the Kenite, and took up 
 parable, ,iiid said, 
 
 With thy ii(>st set in the rock. 
 
 Strong is thy dwellin«r: 
 Hnt Mhen Asshnr bears "th.-c ('ai)tive. 
 Kain is for burning. 
 
 A wnn.ing to the Kenite people, that. tho,K,h their 
 •'■t.v Ka.n was high on a cliff, and slronglv fortified 
 vvlien the Assyrian would devastate tlieir land their eitv 
 would be burned. 
 
 (g) 23. And he took up his p„rahh . „nd said. 
 Alas, who shall live 
 When God him establisheth ! 
 
 24. For ships, eonie from Kittim. 
 Shall afflict Assn,- and Eber. 
 But he to destruction shall come. 
 
 The vision of the rise of a great western power 
 
 -om.ng into conflict with Assyria, and probablv with" 
 
 srael. a;>d overcoming thorn. This was fulfilled" in the 
 
 l<'ng<h.m of Alexan.ler, hnt his kingdom came to .h-s- 
 
 I ruction. 
 
 on 
 
II » 
 
 \'^... 
 
in. WAR SOX(iS. 
 
 . 
 
if 
 
 if 
 
 •My i'rrt lik,. l,i,„r.s IW\ I,r .L.th sr\ . 
 AikI nil i„y hoio.l,ls „ii" phi,.,': 
 
 •Mil.." IunHls,|„th lonH. f<. wnr. ..li,,.' am. 
 To IxMid the l><)\v of brass. 
 
 - - Saniiicl xxii. .'{4. .{." 
 
 .m: 
 
Tin: S(i.\(,.s (,i- Ili:i;i!K\\ llrsioitv. 
 
 lll.—Wiir Soin/s. 
 
 The Will- sonjrs of the IlisK.ri.-jil |i,M>|<s of Scriptuiv, 
 Mioufrh not very nniMeru.is. are ii.'verlli.'l.'ss of some 
 considerable int.'resl. Asso.-iat.'d with, or arising; from 
 ureat national and reli-inus eris.'s. they w.-r- readily 
 .•leeepted hy the j.^ople. ;,„d came (](.\vn as a eherishei] 
 t?-easnre in their traditions, to he aft.M-wards introduced 
 into their history. An antliolo-y of early wai- songs, in 
 • 'xistenee soux' tiiric h.-fon- \]u- writini; of the hooks of 
 N'umhers and Samnel. prohahly covered the early 
 |»«'nod of the people's historv. and contain. ■(] most of 
 tiK'ir early martial poetry. Tliis hook, called "The 
 li.M.k of the Wars of Yalnveh.'" has disapp.-ared. hnt 
 we have some acknowledged, and donhtless other selec- 
 tions, from its poems. :\rany of the war son.os may he 
 very anci.Mit. and contemporary with 1li<' event. Othci-s 
 are <lonhtless the coniposiiion of iter anthors. 
 
 1. Son;/ (if lh< SironI of Lnnuvli; (;,.„. iv. 2:5. 24. 
 ikI Liniiuh said inilo lils icir(s. 
 
 2.'{. Adah and Zillah ! hear my voice, 
 ^e wives of Laniech. my speech. 
 A man. for wonndiny; me. have I si 
 A yonn^' man. for my l)rea<-h : 
 
 24. If Cain he aveiiued seven times. 
 
 'i'heii Lameeli .seventy and seven. 
 
 iin. 
 
 mmmm'srsK^ 
 
.">,s 
 
 'J'liK So.Ncs OF Hkiikkw Hist 
 
 In this vai.i-j,|,.,yinvr c,f l,a„u.,.|, „,• s.v tl... un.rd.M-- 
 ••us s,n of (•;„•„. un-ow. „ul rise, into insol.nt doHann. 
 Stan«l,n.r. as if w,.,v. ov.-r tl... prostrate for,,, of a -iant 
 y<.utl,. who,,. I,., has slai,.. l.a,...'H, brandishes his swo,-.l 
 '"'<'• '''"hno- his )w<» uiv,.s. p,-oHai,„s to th.Mu his vic- 
 tory. Not his to await, like Cain, th.- aven^n- of (Jo,] 
 h\u' hett.'r the s\v<.,-d, fo,-!,..,] by his own son T„hal-fain 
 hy whieh he was. an,l wonl.i Im-. al.!.- to ov,.,-eo„„. „n,|' 
 
 to defy his eiieniies 
 
 2. SoHf, of Miriom. a>Hl Masfs: Exodns xv. 1-18. 21. 
 
 Pharoah. with his -reat a,-„.y. p,„-sne,l. and ov.-,-- 
 took Israel at the Red Sea. thinki,,. to hrincr then, haek 
 fo bondajre. or to dest,-oy the,,,. Hnt Hod. l,v a „,i-hty 
 wind, opened a way thro„.-l, the s.-a. and Israel went 
 throuj,!, on dry jjronnd. The Ejryptians attempted to 
 follow. I,.,t (!od hrou^d.t haek his wate,-s. and ov,m-- 
 uheln.ed the y.vat K-yptia,. a,-„,y. What wonder that 
 siieh a irroat deliveranee should in.p.vss the n.inds of 
 the people. an<l e.,n,e down the a-es in tri.nnphant son- 
 
 Praise of Yohweh. 
 
 1. T^^^i" >ii'iir imto Vahweh. for lofty is he. 
 
 The hoes., and his j-id.-p hr's thrown i,i the sea: 
 
 2. My sli.-.i-th a, id so,.- V;,h. is JMr,.,,,.' ...v .alvatio,, 
 My (Jod and ...y fafh.-r's [ "ll p,„is<. and .-xalt l.in..' 
 
The So.Ntjs ok IIkuukw Histouv. a'J 
 
 Yah well a nuin of inir. 
 
 •l Xow Vahweh's ji warrior, and Yalnveh's his iiaiiir. 
 4. Pharoah's chariots and h(»st hath he cast on tht; 
 iiuiiii ; 
 
 Sunk in the Ked Sea. the choice of his rich-rs. 
 ."). Inimcrscd in the deptlis like a stone went they 
 downwards. 
 
 (>. Thy rijrht hand. O Vahweh. is uhirions in power. 
 () Vahweh. thy ri«rht hand the foe hreaks asunder; 
 
 7. In thy greatness suhlinie. dost destroy thin(> oppon- 
 ents, 
 
 Thy wrath sendest forth and as stul»hle consumes 
 them. 
 
 I 
 
 Divithil the sra. 
 
 S. By the hhist of thy nostrils the waters amassed. 
 As heaps stood the floods, in the midst froze the 
 depths : 
 
 n. Said the foe I'll pursue, overtake, sliare the spoil. 
 Fill my soul, draw my sword, and »n^■ ^ Mr! tliem 
 destroy ; 
 
 OvrnrJnhnf(J flic foe. 
 
 10. Thou didst blow with thy wind, and the sea did 
 
 them cover, 
 And they siink down as lead in the tu?-hulent waters. 
 
 11. ^lid the .jr(»ds. who is there that is like to thee. 
 
 Yahwch? 
 Like to thee, who is (here in holiness so y:lorious. 
 So fearful in pr..ises, a worker of wonders? 
 
Il^i 
 
 m 
 
 il 
 
 
 The Soxcis of Hebrew IIistoby. 
 
 !-'• TJioM di.l.st stretcJ. forth thv n-^ht liu.n .... i n 
 ^'-n-th ihem consumed, ' ' *'"" 
 
 ^^^•Aud didst l.aclfortlUnnu..-e, a people rede.u.1. 
 ^l. Ind" '-Jh v^^f '■' ^^' ^''7^''' ^•' '^ 
 
 'T. 
 
 »> 'I- '".v-ht ,,f thin,. ,.,,,,,,,,„,, ,j1„ ^J-;;^^^_ 
 
 '"' "'" " '" I-- -•'■'• "l.,.,,, ,.,„„ hnst s«.„r«I. 
 
 fsnrrl of Zion. 
 
 17 vZ l>^»li>v,.|, n,„„. hands l,„v,. ,.st„Mi,hr,l 
 
 ''■ For ov,.,- „„,, „,.,. ,h„„ Y„|,„..|, ,,,„H ,-oi™ 
 
 •iwr? ^fhiam nv.vverrrf 
 
 ^hrni. 
 
 21. S 
 
 intr V 
 
 to Yjiliuv]): for lo ft V is I 
 
 TJic liorso and liis rid li,.'.s ll 
 
 IP. 
 
 "••'uii in flif. son. 
 ''>«-anc,. of Israel, and of „„. ..,„„„,,„„ „,„,„„.„„^ ^^ 
 
III! S<i\i 
 
 > 111 III i:i:i- w III- 
 
 iiiin , 
 
 til 
 
 'Ih- -ii;iI Iv_'\ |.Ii;iii IjiNkm.i-t.T. Tli.' .rtri-l |,„,. ..n H,,. 
 Ii;ili(.lis Im'I'uiv. is vividly ii..|r.l; jilid thr \,riu-r. iiiid 
 f.-li<'ity (if III.' pcupl.'. l»n.ii-lit t.i Zi«iii. .Mirjjiiii. likr 
 woiiie.i in all ii<r«'s. lod tli.- p.-opl.^ ,,t" (iod in ih,. s.mir i>\' 
 welcome, and of vietorv. 
 
 3. Book of lln Wins of Yalnrdi. 
 
 The historian of the Rook of XiimlMMs fnu.tes ;, 
 selection (Num. xxi. 14. Ifn fc.m ;, hudk (if war sonijs. 
 having- some authdrity in his time. The citation is mnd.- 
 to settle the houndary hetween :\roah and Ammon. The 
 other poems of the chapter are prohahly from the same 
 hook. and. as tliey all aecmipanied. and yrew ont of the 
 march of Israel throuph the hostile lands of .Aroal. and 
 Amnion on th(Mr way to Canaan, thin- may iill 1.,. pre- 
 sented tojrether. 
 
 (I) Crosfting the Anton: Xum. wi. 14. 1.",. 
 
 14. Vaheh in Snfah fwc passed . 
 
 And the valleys of Anion. 
 ir>. Yea a ^orjje of the valleys. 
 
 That to Ar's seat is leadinti'. 
 
 On the horder of ^Foab reclininij. 
 
 Israel, in their journey northward. ])assed Vaheh. 
 and Sufah. citic^s of Southern Moab. and. L'oinu' (^asf. 
 and north, they crossed fli.^ deep fro!.-f\s of the Arrion 
 river, which descend and unite at the ancient city of 
 Ar, on the northern border of ^Moab. 
 
«2 
 
 TlIK SoN.s i.|.' II) , ^\ ii,^,,, 
 
 •itv 
 
 (L', S„„„ „f II,, l'„„„i„ , \i„„. XM. h. |>. 
 
 17. Spriii- up. () u,.||. siiii.. n-sp,,iisr. 
 
 1><. <) fomiffiin. wliicli • i,.,v,. (Iijrir,.,|. 
 
 They with sccpi'.-. •: viiv.^s; 
 
 Which clii.'f.s nf 1., ,. oj ,. h;ivo (l.lw.l. 
 
 Frniii th.' Anion, tlicy v -m i , 1^,.,.,-. i;,,. ^.n ,„. 
 
 P'''< f ^vf'llx. where, uiuh ,■ !-,.■ ' ■ ;mp ;; j,,,, .,,„j 
 
 the h'ad ..f th,' ehiefs of Isr , '. , ,l„i,.. .,„',! th.- 
 
 Npriiifriiii.' waters yreeted hv iuu. ; ^ . 
 
 (3) Tin Tauiil So),,/ ,„t,iivst Ammoi. Xnm. xxi. 27-:}0. 
 
 9 
 
 '21. 
 
 ('<une ye to ITeshhoii. 
 Let the city (.f Sihoii 
 Bo biiiH j-.nd set up }i<rjnii. 
 
 ->*. For a fire went out from Ueshhoii. 
 A tlaine from th.- city of Sihon. 
 Whieh (levoiirofl Ar of Moal). 
 Consumed hiirh p'aees of Arnon. 
 
 -^- Woe to thee Moah! 
 
 O j>e()ple of Chemosh undone: 
 His sons irave he to fli«rlit. 
 His <hin«ihters to be captive. 
 'I'o Sihon kinir of tlie Aiiiorit(\ 
 
 :^(l. Pierced we tliem throuj;h with arrows. 
 Pprished ITeshbon to Dibon ; 
 Wasted wo eveii tn Xophah ; 
 Which extendeth to Medebah. 
 
 
4iMi^ 
 
 J 
 
 Till-; Sll\l.> 111- lllKKIW lll^lnin 
 
 ••:'. 
 
 I'r<"!i (hi AiiT'ii, Kr;i.| s. nl mit" Sili-m. Uic "i tin 
 Aiiior'itcs. ;iv|<iiiu |i<riiiissiuM i<> nnss liis tiTrilofv. 
 Silidii rfliiscl. :ui(l (Mine nllVrini.' l>;ittlc' iit •i;ili;i/. in the 
 sniilli-rast (if his Icnitiiry. Sihnn uiis tntjilly dct't'att'd. 
 ;'.ii(l his tcr-ritoi-y ncciipiiMl hy the Israclitis. \Vr havf 
 thus till' taunt sotiy. suiii; aftiTuanls 1)\ tiio nioshniin, 
 nl sarrastic siii<.fi'i"s in Israrl. 
 
 ft ()|)»Mis uitli till' taunt III' l^iai'l ti> thr Aiiiufiti's. to 
 rciiic and rrhiiild their rit\. and thru di'scrihi's liow. 
 Nmi^' hcfuri'. AiiiiMiiii had takrii thf jtlaci- from Moalt. 
 piittiiiLT their sons to tliirlit. and taUiiiir tlieir daiiuliters 
 into captivity. 
 
 Tlieii coiiM's the attael< of Israel upon Amnion, in 
 which the .\iimionites were hotly pursued, and their 
 land and cities wasted. 
 
 (■41 Vdlnnli <iy L(<ithr: Xiiiiihers \. ."5."). :?(!. 
 
 The author of the Hook of Xiimhcrs lay^ hold of the 
 remnant of an old hallad. prohahly taken from the Book 
 of the Wars of Yahweh. to illiistrate and enliven his 
 story of Israel's march from Simii thrniiLih tlie desert. 
 Their way v.as l)e'«et l.y many foes, hut Yahweh was 
 their leader, irninir hefore his |)eople to hatth-. and tlh 1: 
 I'lturninii' with the ark to al)i<h' in theii- midst, flence. 
 it came to jiass. when the ark set forwanl. that >'oses 
 said, 
 
 X). O Yahweh, riso. and let 
 Thine enemies he scattered: 
 Before thee flee tliv haters. 
 
lit 
 
 Tin: So\(,.s <)|. IIkiikkw llisn 
 
 )KY. 
 
 All,/ irh, ,1 I In „,l> nsl,,l In s,ii,l. 
 •"•'• <> Vjihw.'li. I urn II1..11 l,;i,.|< 
 T(. inyi-i;i«l-tli(.usiin(|. Isr.-icl. 
 
 .. 
 
 4. Tin Bool; of Josh, 11: 
 
 This IS 
 
 IS anntli.M- {.ntholn-y nf til." oarlv Mun-linl son-s 
 r.\ Ismol. Onl.v luo hnof sol.vfions nro M.-knowlod-,.! 
 .-i.s taken fmn. Il.is l.„uk. l,„i otli.M- Old Tostanient poems 
 "lay have helon-,.,| to if. The meaning of the nam.. 
 Jashar is u = K.erl;Hn. Ft is n..t a prop,.,- name, .nd mav 
 .nean -hen.es.-- W. nonhl thus have. -Th.. iinuk o'f 
 Ihe Heroes." 
 
 (1) Song of Josinn, „l BrfJihomii -. Joshna x. 12. l.'^. 
 (Jiheon. who was under siejro of the Canaanite kjn-s 
 Loeanse he had eapitnlated to Israel, ealled upon Joshna 
 i<M' relief. This was immediat..ly j-raMted. and. wh.-n 
 .Foshna. aided l.y a -reat storm of hail. ,lrove the enemy 
 from their stron-hold. ,h,wn th.> valley of Aijalon. his 
 prayer was, 
 
 12. O sun, on (Jiheah. he silent. 
 O moon, in the vale of Aijalou. 
 
 l;!. And the sun was silent. 
 And the mocm stood still, 
 Till the nation revenged its fo(\s. 
 
 .loshua's prayer was. thai the day mi-ht Im- p,-,,- 
 l<nj;ed. and the ni>:ht as uell. so that tli.-y miul.l ....m- 
 
 i 
 
Tim: S(i.\(,s oi ||i:i;iti;\v IIiskhsv 
 
 )!.'■ 
 
 |tli'|.' Ihr (Ifstniclidll (.r tllrif en,. my ils tll.y [MlI'Mlr.l 
 
 it down the vnllcy of Aijiilnii. Opi.-iic.ii is dividcil 
 ;ts fo wlu'tlirr .I.»s|iii;i wislird \\>\- Ijulit ,,r djirkrirss. 
 Those who think il wiis (hirkiicss cite fhr joyful ivfcr- 
 t'lico to the hailstonn. taken as a tok.'ii of divine favour, 
 which would darken th(^ sun. On the other hand, it 
 woidd l)e most natural that .h.sluia should wish f(.r 
 lijrht in pursuin^i' an enemy down a dark valley, in 
 wliieh it iniKht easily eluch' his i)ursuil. 
 
 (2) Darirrs Dinjr or< r Smil ond Jonallnm -. 2 Sam. i. 
 
 10-27. 
 
 At the jrreat ha! He l)etween Israel and th<" Philis- 
 tines, on the sides of (liUx.a. ^aul an<l .lonaflian were 
 slain, and their hodies put to shame. David, jx.ssessed 
 hy u nohle trenerosity towards Said. , he [.(.rd's 
 Anointed, and, witii true hrotherly love towards Jona- 
 than, ponrs out liis own sorrow, and ihat of the nation 
 in this beautiful dirge. 
 
 19. On thy heights, O Israel, the <:l(.rv is slain. 
 
 The nughty, how fallen are they! 
 
 20. Xor in (iath tell, nor [)ul)lish in Ask.-lon's streets. 
 Lest Philistine dauiihters aeelaitii, 
 TTneirenineised dauL-hters have joy. 
 
 21. On Oilhoa heiylds let neither dew. 
 Nor rains, nor fields of offeriiiiis. rest -. 
 For (here, nnanointed with oil. 
 
 Was shield of hero, shield of .Saul. east. 
 
0(i 
 
 llIK .So.Nd.S OF IlKltlUiW lll8'10KV. 
 L'L'. Xm) tVuii, t|„. |,|,„„| ,,r sljlill, 
 
 Nor Iroiii the littl of iui;;iii,y, 
 i>i(l Jotmtlian's bow di-aw'back. 
 Xor sword of Suiil return empty. 
 
 23. Saul aud Jouathan, 
 Lovely and benign, 
 Nor in life, nor death divided ; 
 Swifter than eagles, stronger than lions. 
 
 24. Daughters of Israel, 
 Weep over Sau], 
 With scarlet and jewels 
 
 He clothed you, 
 Put adorning of gold 
 Your raiment upon you. 
 
 25. 
 
 2fi. 
 
 How fallen the mighty. 
 
 In the midst of the battle, 
 () Jonathan, slain on the htMghts! 
 
 Anguish is mine for thee, my brother 
 Jonathan, so pleasant to me: 
 
 Greater t.ian love of womankind. 
 Thy wonderful love 'o me. 
 
 27. How fallen the mighty! 
 The war-weapons perished! 
 
 David was moved by a deep sense of pity, n feeling 
 of patriotic sha.ne. and by deep sorrow of heart, at the 
 fall of Saul and Jonathan. Though Saul, in wild 
 .ioalousy, had hunted him up and down the land, he 
 was a great warrior, and true Israelite, and the thought 
 
 .ilir..7r"iiilfmt 
 
I'lli: S(..\«;.s (II rfKltUKW MlST.MiV ({7 
 
 -r S;,uls u,v;,| s|,i,.M. rvrr l,n,L:l.l. Irll Ivii,.^. I., ni.l MM 
 
 •iilboair.s hci-lits. wns 1„„ p.-Mnfiil for liii,,. Tin- tlioii-lit 
 <.f 1\V(. so uTcjit iiK-ii. s(. H„so aiKl n.nlid.iit in lif... and 
 iailii.- too:other in death, was eii..n-li In slir tlie hardest 
 heart. With him, David will have all Israel to mourn; 
 for through them much blessin^^ had come to the people! 
 But for Jonathan David will weep alone; for 
 
 "Greater than love of womankind 
 Was thy wonderful love lo me." 
 
 -3 
 
 (3) The Dedication of ihr Temple-. 1 Kin<rs viii. 12. l.S 
 
 At the dedication of the temple, when Solomon had 
 Taken the throne, and the voices of the jrroat choir ran? 
 through the air, the place was suddenly fillod with a 
 great cloud of darkness, moving the people to awe and 
 wonderment. Solomon rose and quieted their fears in 
 the words of the song, 
 
 12. Yahweh hath said, 
 
 He would dwell in thick darkness. 
 But I've built thee a house of abiding, 
 Thy place of perpetual dwelling. 
 
 In the Septuagint this song, in a somewhat extended 
 form, is found after verse 53, and reads as follows, 
 
 The Lord hath set the sun in the heavens. 
 
 And said he'd in darkness reside: 
 So I've built thee a house, becoming to thee, 
 
 Wliere thou ma.vest for ever abide. 
 
m 
 
 I IIK So.\<..S Ol lli:i!UE\V lIl.STOKY. 
 
 This is I'dllcui'd l»v llic words, " l!<liohl litis is irrilhn 
 in Ihv liooh- uf Soiu/s,'" Ihc last pliniso beinu in'obably 
 a iiiistakcii tninslatiuM of llu' Jlc'l)re\v "The Hook of 
 
 !? 
 
 T). TIk Soiiff of I)t honili : .Iu(l<'('s v. 2-31. 
 
 The tribe of Tssachar had lon^ been hai-assod by tho 
 inroads of their ciieiuies, the Canaaiiites, who made 
 both life and property insecure. This was patiently 
 borne by the people, until it Ijecanie unbearable, and 
 ^then Deborah, a prophetess, arose, and, eallin? Balak 
 to her side as leader, resolved to rid her land of the foe. 
 A general snniiiions was sent out to the tribes, and all 
 except four responded. A <ireal battle took place on the 
 banks of the Kishon, the Canaanites wei-e ntterly de- 
 feated, and Sisera, their captain, fleeinj;. far north, was 
 smitten to the ground by a mallet in the liand of Jael as 
 he stood drinking in her tent. The poem is the most 
 graphic war-song in all Scripture. 
 
 Refrain. 
 
 2. That in Israel leaders led, 
 
 That the people followed glad. 
 Bless ve Yahwi>h. 
 
 Prehide. 
 
 3. TTear O kings. O princes listen. 
 I to Yahweh, T will sing; 
 To Yahweh. Tsi-ael's (!od, will livmn. 
 
Thk S().\(is OK Hkiikkw IIistorv. (i<t 
 
 Ancienl coming of Yahwth. 
 
 4. yali\v<'li. ill thy yoiiiy t\)rth from Soir. 
 In thy march froiri Edom's field. 
 
 The earth did shak(\ and heaven dripped, 
 Yea the eloiuls did waters yield; 
 
 5. From Yahweh's presence mountains tlowed. 
 You Sinai, from Yahweh. Israel's (Jod. 
 
 Erll cotidilions he fort the war. 
 
 <). In days of Shamirar hen Anath. 
 
 In Jael's day tliey (piit the hiudiways. 
 
 And travellers walked in by-paths. 
 7. Yea rulers failed in Israel, failed. 
 
 lentil I Deborah arose. 
 
 Arose as mother in Isrnel. 
 S. Because" they chose new irods. 
 
 Then were their <rates in sierre. 
 
 Mut mid forty tlKtusand in Israel 
 
 Xoi- shield nor- speai* ai)pearod. 
 
 Refrain. 
 
 n. y\y heart to the lea<lers in Israel. 
 And the people who voltuiteei-ed. 
 RIess ve Yah well. 
 
 I 
 
 l*ieltn-( of Pi(tce. 
 
 10. On white asses ridiii<>-, 
 On lapesfry sittinir 
 li.\ ilii- u,i\ ualKiiiL!. 
 Thev eha'if. 
 
70 
 
 The Songs of Heurew Histobt. 
 
 31. F;ir from the nrehor slioiit. 
 Mid channels >f wafei*. 
 There thoy rehearse 
 The riffht acts of Yahweli. 
 His upriirht rule in Israel. 
 
 The Summons. 
 
 Then down to the prates 
 Went the people of Yahweh. 
 Rouse, rouse, Deborah. 
 12. Rouse, ronse. sound the note: 
 
 Rise Barak, make captive eapfivcs. 
 Thou son of Abinoaml 
 
 The Mvstrr. 
 
 13. Then there descended 
 The remnant of nobles: 
 The people of Yahweh 
 Went down as heroes; 
 
 14. Went down out of Kpluaini 
 They rooted in Amalek; 
 After thee Benjamin. 
 Down mon.ir the people; 
 Went down ont of :Maehir 
 They who were leaders; 
 Down ont of Zebnhin 
 They hearing the inuslei-; 
 
 15. The prinees in Tssaehar 
 Were with Deborah ; 
 As was wifh Tssaelmr 
 !^n was i( will) Baral^ -. 
 
 Into the valley 
 Cast at his feet. 
 
 mp 
 
TiiK So.Nus OF Hebrew Hihtory. 
 h'rhiikt and dontrast. 
 
 71 
 
 (ireat were the hcai't resolves 
 At Konbeirs W{Uei--hei<;lils: 
 Ifi. Why sfitost thou mid sheep-folds. 
 ireariii<r pastoral pipes? 
 
 17. Why dwelt (Jilead over Jordan? 
 
 AVhy tarried Dan in sliips? 
 "Why sat Ashor at the sea-shore 
 Bidinj? at month of creeks? 
 
 18. While life for death seorned the Zehnliin raee 
 
 Naplitali too on the lieij^hts of the i)laee. 
 
 The Battle. 
 
 19. The kinprs came on. and battle wajred. 
 
 The kinfjs of Canaan eombat rapred. 
 At Taanaeh. on Mefriddo's sprinjrs; 
 But secured no silver prain. 
 
 20. From h(>aveii they fonprht. 
 
 Stars from their liijrh paths. 
 Foufrht airaiiist Sisera. 
 
 21. The river Kishon 
 
 S\vei)t them away. 
 That am'ieiit river 
 The river Kishon. 
 
 '12. Thon didst irMiiiple llie slroiiL'". O my son!. 
 
 Where Ihe llol'se's hoofs did smite. 
 I'raiieiiiy:. praneiiiy. in their nii^lit. 
 
 i«^ 
 
'■- The So.nc.s of IIkijuew Histouy. 
 
 Tin Ciirsr on Mi rt>z. 
 
 L'-{. Ciii-se y.' Men./, saitli Vnliwoh's aiigcls. 
 Clll-sc. yea cilisc. its (IwoHcrs ; 
 For they cam.' ik.i to Valnvcirs hel|). 
 To Valiwch's aid 'iiioiiir horocs. 
 
 » « 
 
 I'fdi.si of .1(1(1. 
 
 24. Blessed aiiionjr woiiien is Jael, 
 Tho wife of Ilel)er tho Koiiite. 
 Blessed anionp: Avomen in tent. 
 
 f<linfiii(f of Siscrn. 
 
 25. Water he asked, and she ^-•ave him milk. 
 
 Broii<;ht curd in a lordly bowl : 
 2e). Her hand she extended to the haft. 
 
 Ilcr riyht to the workman's maul. 
 
 Smote she Sisera. demolished Ids head. 
 Smashed, and broke in- his temples. 
 17. At her feet he bowed, fell, lay: 
 
 At her f<"et he bowed, he fell"; 
 
 Wliere he bowed, there fell dead. 
 
 /// flu i»il(icr of Sisn-a. 
 
 28. The mother of Sisera throniih lattice screen. 
 Ont of the window pecM-ed. i-epiiied : 
 Why does Ins chariot fail to come? 
 The steps of bis cliai-iot t:irry behind? 
 
 2!>. Her sairi'st princess made her reply. 
 Vt a she answered her own re.piesf. 
 
'liiK SoNcjs ov llKiiRKW History. 
 
 M). Have tJit'y not fuund. ilividcd the .s|>(til. 
 A maiden or two to each man at least? 
 
 l)y<>d rolx's t'oi- Siscra as booty too. 
 
 I)yt>d <.'ai'niciits, adorned as pi'cy. 
 Dyed vesture. donl)le eiiihroidei'ed 
 
 On the necks of that sti'ipped awa.v. 
 
 Conchixuni. 
 
 '■W. So perisli all thine eneiriies () Vahweh. 
 I'is lovers he as suni'ise in its sti-enyth. 
 
 73 
 
 6. David's Din/i orrr AlnKf. 2 Sam. iii. 33. 34. 
 
 After the death of Saul. Ahner. liis eaptain, secured 
 for Ish1)oshetli. Saul's son. the alleirianee of all the 
 tribes, pxeept Judah. which chose David. "War betwecMi 
 the north and south hejrau. and. in the battle of the pool 
 of (lilx'on. Abner. hotly followed by .\sahel. brotlier of 
 Joab. turned ujjoii hiui. and ])ierced him Ihroujjh with 
 his spear, liecause of displeasinir insinuations made 
 by rshbosht'th. Altiier turned from him. and. makinjr 
 friendly advam-.s. was hospitably entertained by David 
 in llebi'dM. ScaJ'iely had he departed on his new mis- 
 sion, wlicn he was met by Joab. his old enemy, and re- 
 venirefnlly. and meirilessly slain David was di^eply 
 moved by the horrible ci'ime. and not only pronounced 
 a bifln- cur'se on Joab, l.nf niadi' a public iameutation 
 over the death (d' .\bner. jiiid wroir over him the I'ol- 
 lowiu"' eleerv : — 
 
The So.ngs of IIehbew IlrsioRY. 
 
 33, Was Abnor to die 
 As dieth the haso? 
 
 34. Thy hands wore iK.t hniiu] 
 Nor thy foot put in brass 
 Thou didst fall as one falioth 
 Before children of wiokedness 
 
 In tns David refleets on the stran^^e ironv of fnto 
 >y wh.h th,s .reat warri<.r was to die Uk. a ;in,pleton; 
 nthot honor or distinetion. not on the hi.h places of 
 the field, but overpowered, helpless, alone. 
 
 .J 
 
 7. DavuJ's Hjmv of Tn,n,pj, ., o Sam. xxii. 2-51. 
 
 The j,reat warrior-kinnr. who has eo„,e throuc^h much 
 nbnIat,on. and been sorely pressed bv his fo^s is a 
 last, by the blessin. of Cod. vietorions. and has entered 
 m o peaee. Tie was eneon.passed by nn.odly men. and 
 ..II he terrors of death took hold upon him. He cried 
 .-.ht.ly nnto (iod. and ho wrought for him a ..eat 
 c ohvoranoe. a .lelivoranoo aeoo„.pn„ied by the terrible 
 storn. and earthc.nake. (^..d bro„,d.t bin, o„t of „.,nv 
 waters dohvered him out of the hand of his enemies 
 '>rou^>t Inm ,nto a wide plaoo. ...d n,ado him to hav^i 
 wide domnyon. For all this ho will praise and ma-^nifv 
 
 -r.o. It w.ll bo roadi.y so..„ that the psalm finds 
 'ts iM'sl .-.ppl.n.f.on ,„,, „„„„, i„ ,)^,^.i,, ,, .^ ^1^^ 
 
 """". ""'• '^''""- "'^'-'' «iifr.r...M...s as Psalm is ,n,| 
 may have boon n Ijil.-r recension. 
 
The Soxus of Heurkw History. 
 
 I'niisi of Yahxvfh. 
 
 2. ^\y refujic Yalnvoh is. and fort. 
 My rescuer, yoa mino: 
 
 :?. riod of my rock, iti whom T trust. 
 My shield and savinjr horn. 
 
 AFy refufre. and security. 
 
 ^fy Saviour, savinpr from woes: 
 
 4. On Yalnveh. worthy of praise. I'll call. 
 
 And so be saved from foes. 
 
 Dm- id's distress. 
 
 5. For waves of deatli surrounded me.» 
 
 T^njrodly floods afTriprhtcd, 
 fi. The cords of Sheol compr ;sed me. 
 Death's snares on me alifrhted. 
 
 75 
 
 Ills cry. 
 
 7. Tn my distress T Yaliwcli called. 
 And to my Hod cried T: 
 Tie from his temple heard my voice. 
 Came to his ear mv crv. 
 
 Ilis deliverance 
 
 8. The earth did shake, and airilate. 
 And heaven's foundations both 
 Did shudder, and did tremble sore 
 Because that he was wroth. 
 
 Storm. 
 
 0. Smoke from bis nostrils did ascend. 
 And. from liis moiiili. Ibfi-i- ram<- 
 ('«)nsumin<j: fire, and coals, by it. 
 Were turned into flame. 
 

 ';i 
 
 76 
 
 TlIK SON'IS OK IlKllREW IIlSTORY. 
 
 10. The h.'jiv.'jis also .spread he out, 
 
 And 1 hereby did deseend. 
 And thickest eloiids of darkness did 
 Beneath his f.'.'t attend. 
 
 11. And on a eherub did he rich'. 
 
 And thereon too did fly; 
 Yea on the swiff \vinj;s of the wind 
 Did he appear on hiffli. 
 
 12. Pavilions round about did he 
 In deepest darkness set. 
 rireat isratherinpr of waters too. 
 And clouds of firmament. 
 
 Liflhfuincj a7uJ Thmrdrr. 
 
 V^. And from the .sheen before his face 
 
 Were kindled coals of fire, 
 14. Yea Yahweh thundered from the heavens. 
 
 The most Hii,di uttered cry. 
 
 1;"). His arrows sent he far abroad. 
 Them widely scatter did. 
 And liyhtninjr sent he from his hand. 
 And them discomfited. 
 
 .1/ sea. 
 
 1(). The bottom of the sea appeared, 
 Hare-i earth's foundation.s vast. 
 At Yahweh 's terrible rebuke, 
 His nostril's breathin«r blast. 
 
 ^^M, 
 
I 
 
 
 UK Sm.m.s ,,y I1h!i:kw lli>n. 
 
 KV 
 
 ffi I ni iiiiH I . 
 
 17. Mr ilulii aldiVi' lie Milt Jill. I I<M)ls, 
 
 J)r('u iiic I'ruiii i-,;iiiy u.itri's. 
 
 18. Dt'livert'd me rnuii my sHuiim j',,,. 
 
 And from my luu suiii luiters. 
 
 11). They eainc njx)'! uv in tlir (]ii\ 
 Of my calamity. 
 Hut Valnvoli. then as i^\,r. w.s 
 Ahidin«? stav to m«'. 
 
 Wide place. 
 
 20. Out lo a place did lu' mc Itriiiu 
 That was holh wide and free. 
 Deliverance also for me wronjrht 
 For his deliiiht in me. 
 
 Clean hands. 
 
 "i 
 
 3 
 
 21. Aeeordinjj to my rijrhteousness 
 Did Yahweh mo reward. 
 Aeeordinir as jny hands w.-n- pure 
 He paid lo me rcfrard. 
 
 Integrity. 
 
 22. For ways of Yahweh have T kept. 
 
 My rjod have not deserted ; 
 
 23. Before me all his .indjrments were. 
 
 Nor from his statutes parted. 
 
78 
 Fidrlffif. 
 
 TiiK S(t.\<;s OK [Ikhrkw Histobt. 
 
 24. From mine iniquity I kept. 
 
 And toward him perfect was; 
 
 25. Yahweh repaid my rightPonsnes.s, 
 
 My cleanness in his eyes. 
 
 ;;! 
 
 (lod and men. 
 
 26. Thou gracioas to the kind will be. 
 
 To upright men npright, 
 
 27. Pure to the pure, unsavoury thou 
 
 Unto the perverse wight. 
 
 28. The afflicted people thou shalt save, 
 
 The high behold, east down, 
 
 29. My lamp, O Yahweh thou shalt be. 
 
 Yahweh, niv dark illumine. 
 
 His help. 
 
 30. Because of thee I rush a troop. 
 
 By my (lod leap a wall. 
 
 31. Complete his way, his word is tried. 
 
 Who trusts, a shield to all. 
 
 Nnn', other. 
 
 32. For who is Ood beside Ynhwoh ? 
 
 A rock save our God? 
 
 33. A fortress strong is lie to me. 
 
 The upright's way doth guide. 
 
Till- S«l\(,s III ||kI:I!K\V lllMuliV. 
 
 .1/// sfn ii'iHi. 
 
 M. My reel. Ii|<,. Jniids r<-cl. ix- doth s.-l, 
 And on my lieights mo place; 
 
 35. aiino hands doth teach In war, mine arm 
 
 To bend the bow of brass. 
 
 36. Me hast tlion given salvation's shield, 
 
 Thy gentleness made me great, 
 
 37. My stei)s beneath hast thou enlarged, 
 
 Nor did mine ankles shake. 
 
 7» 
 
 Mij foes. 
 
 38. My foes will I pursue, destroy. 
 
 Nor turn till I eomplete, 
 
 39. Consume, and smite that they rise not. 
 
 But fall beneath my feet. 
 
 Victory. 
 
 40. AVith might thou girdest me for war, 
 
 Dost those who rise subdue. 
 
 41. Give me mine enemies the neek. 
 
 Mine haters, silence too. 
 
 42. They looked, but there was none to save, 
 
 To Yahwrh, no reply; 
 
 43. I beat them small as dust of earth. 
 
 Them crushed, and spread like clay. 
 
 ExaUaHon. 
 
 44. Thou fr-^ed'st me from people's strife, 
 
 As head of nations kept me, 
 A people whom I have n^t known 
 Shall service render to me. 
 
 i 
 
4o. Till- strajiiicr sIk.II s„l.iiiil (.. ,„,^ 
 'Soon ;is they liear, oh.-v, 
 Slu.ll ginl. aiKl from tl..'ir',.ov.Tt i-nnw 
 4o. As aheus fade away. 
 
 Praise. 
 
 ^t. A()\v Yalnv.'h Jivos, bless 'd ho mv Kock 
 ^ <'<>(!. K,K''- (»r my salvation. 
 
 48. Exalted b( yea. even the (iod 
 
 Who grants me vindieati(»n. 
 
 Subduing jx-opies luuhn- me. 
 
 49. Out from my foes me b'ads, 
 Up from opponents lifteth me! 
 
 From violent men me frees. 
 
 50. Therefore to the,. wi|] I giv,> thanks. 
 
 The gentile folk among. 
 And to thy name, () Yah\v<'h. I'll 
 Sing praises in a song. 
 
 51. A saving tower to his king. 
 
 He mercy doth extend. 
 To David, his anointed one. 
 And his seed without end. 
 
 m 
 
 *m 
 
IV. HOYAL AND XATIOXAI. S()\(!S. 
 
 '.■■/.^JL. 
 
 ■r«'. " ■ "1». ;'i^i." '«"-'. J Jr.Kr Ji-"..- * -C:', -.* . 
 
Il?l 
 
 One nilinjr o'er inon in riirhtt'onsiioss, 
 
 Kiilirif? in fear of (Jod. 
 Is li^-lit of morn with rising' sun. 
 
 A morninf? without ch)uds; 
 Like brifjht shinin<r after rain. 
 
 Of frreon herb of the jrround. 
 
 —2 Sam. xxiii. 3, 4. 
 
 i 
 
 IPV 
 
 IBTC! 
 
TlIK SnS(;> oi KkiWJKW l|l!>T()KY. 
 
 83 
 
 IV. — Ifoifal lUid Xiilitniiil Songs. 
 
 Tho remaiiiiiirr soiitrs to ho pi-csonlod an- oar-li of a 
 (loq)ly I'oli^'ions natiii-c. and deal wiili sumo phase of 
 the national life. 
 
 .1 
 
 1. The F^o))g of .1/rwr.s- Dent, xxxii. 1-4^. 
 
 The objeet of this poem is to set foi-th tli.- nature of 
 rjod's dealing with Tsrael as a nation. Tlionjrh he has 
 been f^racious to. and patient with them, tliey are erooked 
 and deceitful. His <;oodness to their fathers is recalled, 
 how he bore them as on eajrle's winjrs hi the desert 
 .iourney. how lie brouprht them into a troodly land. But 
 they became sated, and for<r{it him. and vexed him 
 jrrievonsly with their idolatry: he therefore threatens 
 them with terrible destnu-ticm. and. were it not for the 
 reproach of the heathen woi-ld. hr would utterly blot 
 them out. TTe will however brinu- upon them sore chas- 
 tisement, and in this way l)riti<jf them to true sorrow of 
 heai't. and a better life. The messaire of the poem, both 
 in spirit and lansruape. is that of tht^ prophets. 
 
 Exordium 1. Heaven and earth called to attend 
 because oi the yreatness of the poet's iiiessaLrc. 
 
 -Aip 
 
84 
 
 TlIK Soxes IW IfKrtKKW itrsTOUV. 
 
 Msl.n. o h.-iiwns, jiiid I will speak. 
 Ii<'l L'jiilli my (liscoursc heed, 
 -• My t.'Hchiiii. shall as rain descend. 
 As dew How free my speech. 
 
 As small rai?i on the tender trrass. 
 As showers upon the herh; 
 ■i. For Vidiw.'irs name will [ proclaim. 
 (Jive •rreatness to oiu- (iod. 
 
 Ood's upnf,hf„rss ami flu ir iHrnr.uf,,. 
 
 4. The Rock, who's p,>rr<.ct in his work • 
 For .iuduMient's all his wavs. 
 A faithful (iod. and without jrnile. 
 •Tust and upriyht he is. 
 
 T). They're wicked to him. and n(.t sons. 
 To them it is a stain. 
 A jreneration crooked, and 
 Deceitful in their aim. 
 
 fi. And do ye tlius re(|uite Vahweji. 
 O peo{)h foolish vfiin? 
 Ts not thy Father thee secured. 
 Thee made and thee maintained? 
 
 God's (/(hxhifss ncallnl. 
 
 7. Rememher thou the days of old. 
 Xote ^veneration's years; 
 Thy father ask. and he'll thee sliew. 
 And tell to thee thine elders. 
 
 ^■w^ 
 
The Soxfns of IIeiirew Histobv. 
 
 H. When thf ^Fost Ili^rli s.-ttlcd luitions. 
 And divided sons of iijcn. 
 Hi' set the hounds of peoples l»y 
 'I'he number of Isnu'l's sous. 
 
 S.-) 
 
 !>. For Yalnveh's portion is his peoph'. 
 Jacoh. the lot of his rijrht : 
 
 10. In a wilderness land he found him. 
 
 In a desert's howliujr waste. 
 
 Then did he round encompass him. 
 
 And (»f him didst take thou<rht. 
 And as the apple of his eye. 
 
 He guarded him al)out. 
 
 11. As vulture stirreth up lier nest. 
 
 And over her younir hovereth: 
 Spreadeth broad her win«rs, tliem taketli. 
 Them on her pinions beareth: 
 
 12. So Yahweh led them forth alone. 
 
 And no straiiu-e <rod assisted. 
 
 V.l On liei>:hts of earth he nuide him ride. 
 Eat inerease of tlie Held. 
 Yea lioney from the erair to suek. 
 From roekv fiijit (he oil. 
 
 14. Cui'ds of kine, and milk of sheep. 
 Of lambs and i-aiiis the fat. 
 Of herds of liashan. and he oojits. 
 With kidney fat of wheat : 
 To <lrink. Ww wine, thr i)|,M.d of or-ip,. 
 
86 
 
 The Soxis of Hebrew History. 
 
 hrad's dtftction from Jehovah through abundance. 
 ir). Jeshnnui Avaxod fat, and kicked: 
 (Jrew fat, and plump, and sated 
 Forsook llu. God who him had made, 
 Despist'd his R()ek-salvati(m. 
 
 ir.. With stranye gods th.'v made him jealous. 
 
 AVith abominations vexed him ; 
 17. To shedim. no-god. saerifieed. 
 
 To gods of no aeqn!)intanee. 
 
 To new gods, come in of late. 
 Your fathers did not fear: 
 IS. rnmindful of the roek begat thee. 
 Forgetting ( Jod thee bare. 
 
 Israel's puniahmenf. 
 
 19. Yahweh .saw it. aud ablu.rred them. 
 
 For his vexing sons and daughters: 
 
 20. Said. 111 hide from thee my faee. 
 
 I'll see what's their liereafter. 
 
 Foi- a raee perverse are they. 
 No sons of faithfulness." 
 
 21. They with a no-god made me .jealous. 
 
 Me vexed with vanities: 
 I'll make them .ioalous witli no-pe(^J)le. 
 Vex tliem with vain nations. 
 
 22. F()r fire is kindh^d in my uoslrils. 
 
 To the lowest Shi'ol hiiriicfh. 
 Di'voiiivth rarlh. and its iiicn-as... 
 'I'lii' l)as(' of mountains kindlctji. 
 
 *m-kmi?m^;i^^: 
 
TlIK .St).\(.lS Ol HkIIKKW IIlSTOKy. 
 
 23. I'll multiply upon tluiii evils. 
 
 Kxliaiist iiiiiH' arrows on tln-iii. 
 
 24. They'll wa.ste with huiiy:er. and i)e Itiuiit 
 
 With fever, and sore destriietion. 
 
 Tjion them teotli of beasts Dl send. 
 With V(Miom of diist-creej)ei-s: 
 
 25. Without the sword shall bereave. 
 
 And terror in the ehainl)ers: 
 Both .vouth. and maichMi shall deslioy. 
 Sueklin«r, and iiii'ii urev-haired. 
 
 Siivfd hif foreiqii taunts. 
 
 26. I would have said. I'll scatt.^i them. 
 
 Their memory take from men. 
 
 27. But that T feared the taunt of foe. 
 
 Lest adversaiy should misdeem. 
 Or say, our liand « ^ dted is. 
 Xot Yahweh hath all this ihnw. 
 
 Win/ Ydhu'fh ihrrotencd them. 
 
 28. For they'i-e a nation, void of counsel. 
 
 Xor irisiirht is in them; 
 2!>. Had they been wise, they had seen tliis. 
 
 Discerned their latter ejid. 
 
 Tlitir Ills itii cJi>i.slis(itii III for .s/». 
 
 ;{(>. How could one pursue a thousand. 
 Two make Icn Ihousand tiee. 
 Writ- it not lli.'ii- viH-k h.'id sold them. 
 Surrendered Iheiii had ^allweh.' 
 
SM 
 
 llIK S<).\(.s OK llt;|IKt\V illSTOKY. 
 
 ■n. Fur their n-ck's n,,t as .<iir Hock. 
 
 Our enemies hei/ijr in,, jud^'es. 
 •J2. For tlieir -rjipe's from So.lonrs vine. 
 
 And rr(»m (,oniorr;.li's vineva?-*!. 
 
 Tlieir ^'rapes are irrapes ,,f poppy t,.o 
 Ilaviny bine,. clusters. 
 ;W. Their wine, the venom of reptih-s. 
 
 The cniel ])oison of cobras. 
 
 CoUiiKj for piinishnK )if. * 
 
 •'^4. Is not this hnd up with me. 
 Amid my treasnres seah'd: 
 (• me venticance. and award. 
 ^ What time their feet shall .slide? 
 For their day of rnin's nifrh. 
 Vvm them hasteth fate.'' 
 
 ;i'). T( 
 
 •i<). Bill Vnlnveh will judue his people. 
 
 And over his .servants repent him. 
 When h<- seeth their stren^'th is iioiie. 
 Xor hound nor fre<> is left hiru. 
 
 H.i/)( ri( iiii If in Idicli. 
 
 ••57. Theu will he say. Where .s th.-ir irod. 
 The rock. wh<"re thev did hide. 
 
 •■^S. Who ate their sacrilicial fat. 
 
 And drank tlieii- wine lihation'.' 
 f^<'l iIm'mi arise, and he y.tur help. 
 He o'er you for protection. 
 
 
 ^ 1 (T.w, - 
 
TlIK SoMiS OK llKllKKW lliSloKY. 
 
 •■{!'. Lo. iKiw. for I. ..Veil I. am he. 
 \« other jrod with uu\ 
 I kill, and I do make alive. 
 Have wounded, and do hial ; 
 None from n hand sets free. 
 
 (itxt'.s sol (tun vow of vdiif. 
 
 40. For I lift up my hand to heaven. 
 
 And say as I live ever. 
 ■41. If I do whot my jjlitteriiiL' s\v(»rd. 
 
 Mine hand on .judjrment seize. 
 
 I'll render ven«reance on my foes. 
 
 And reciimpense my haters. 
 
 42. I'll make niim arrows drnnk with hlood. 
 My sword oil Hesh shall feed. 
 From the hlood of slain and eaptive. 
 Fron. the eiiem "s hairy head. 
 
 <'onch(!iion. 
 
 4:{. Kejoiee. <) nations, with his people. 
 He'll jiveii^'e his servants hlood; 
 He'll render veny:eaiiee to his enemies. 
 Kxpiale his people's land. 
 
 .S!» 
 
 2. Ditviil's l.it.si \y,>r(ls: 2 Samii.j xxiii. 1-7. 
 
 David, the sw.rt simrer of Isinel. acknowledges hotli 
 his <-all and inspiration tu i>,. of (i,,,!; ;m,|. nut of his 
 l<Mi<; experience as niler. and th- wisdni,, (i,,,! had 
 i-dveii him Iheivin. he. when .|iiitr old. s|„aks of fh<- 
 hlessinji' of a .uood ruler to a people. H,. js |i|<c the 
 
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 '^^ (716) 482 - 0300 - Ptione 
 
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 90 
 
 The Songs of Hebrew Histobt. 
 
 i ■ 
 
 4 -. 
 
 inorniiif,' sun in a eloiulless sky, after a nijjht of misrule, 
 an'1 like the jfreeu ^n-ass lustrous after rain, The equity 
 aud justiee of David's rule wei-e all of (lod, who had 
 made covenant wi.n him. a covenant which would he 
 surely fulfilled. The severity of his dealing with the 
 wi ' ad w\s necessary, just as necessary as that of the 
 husbandman who would get rid of thorns. 
 
 Some there are who view the poem as by a later 
 hand, and, thouirh written in his name, expressing th" 
 exalted view which the nation had of him. and his rule. 
 This would meet the difficulty one feels in having David 
 speak of himself as "The joy of Israel's psalter." The 
 song is in harmony with many other parts of Scripture. 
 Avhich speak approvingly of the gracious and righteous 
 rule of David, and in fact created him the royal content 
 of the blessed messianic hope of the people. These 
 passages all find their satisfaction in Christ, who 
 came as 
 
 "One ruling o'er men in ri^teousness. 
 Ruling in fear of God." 
 
 David flu speaker. 
 
 1. David, son of Jesse, saith, 
 
 Saith the man exalted. 
 The ancient one of Jacob's (Jod, 
 The joy of Israel's psalter. 
 
 ///.v Inspiralinv. 
 
 2. The Sj)irit of Valnveh spake in me, 
 
 (hi my tongue is his word. 
 
 3. Which (iod of Israel spake to me. 
 
 The Kock of Israel told. 
 
I 
 
 The Songs of Hebrew Histouv. 
 
 Praise of the just ruler. 
 
 One ruling o'er men in rijrhteousness. 
 Ruling in fear of (Jod, 
 
 4. Is light of morn with rising sun, 
 
 A morning without elouds; 
 Like bright shining after rain 
 Of green herb of the ground. 
 
 Source of the ruler's Inlp. 
 
 5. P"'or is not thus my house with God? 
 
 He covenant made with me. 
 Eternal, fixed in all, secure; 
 Yea all my safety and desire: 
 
 Shall it not spring to be? 
 
 His severity vindicated. 
 
 6. For godless ones, like thorns, are all 
 
 But to be thrust quite out; 
 For not by hand can they be ta'en. 
 
 7. But he that toucheth upon them. 
 
 With iron and spearshaft must be armed. 
 With fire them burn to ground. 
 
 'Jl 
 
 'A. Psidm of Pniisf to Yahurh; I Chronicles xvi. 7-16. 
 
 After David was established king over all Israel, he 
 gathered the people together to bring up the ark from 
 Obed-edoiii to Zion. After they liad done so. a service 
 of thimksuiviiiii w.is held, jil which Asaph and his 
 brclhrt'n sjtiig praises uiUu (Jod. Parts of three psalms 
 were sung, the lOoth. the 9Gth. and the lOfith, and are 
 
!t2 
 
 'I'lIK S<».\(;s OF IlKliRKW IllSrOKY. 
 
 iK'if uiiiffd. Any (litrcivn.M's found hctmrii the text 
 Jk'IV and in the i)salnis may ho acfountcd for in the 
 natmv and nece.s.sity of the si-rvicc. 
 
 Yah null 's Pniisc. 
 
 If is tuniH. 
 
 8. Give praise to Yahweh. eall Ids name. 
 
 And show his deeds monpf peoples; 
 n. .Sin? hinj. yea praises sinjr to him. 
 
 And speak of all his marvels. 
 
 10. And jrlory in his holy name. 
 
 In heart joy Yahweh 's seekeix; 
 
 11. Seareh ye for Yahweh. and his s1ren«rth. 
 
 And seek his faee for ever. 
 
 ///*■ work a. 
 
 VI. Think on the marvels whieh he wrought. 
 
 His siyns and jud^'ments spoken. 
 13. Ye seed of Israel his servant. 
 
 Ye sons of .Taeoh ehosen. 
 
 Tlis C()V( Haul. 
 
 14. He is Yahweh our (Jod. 
 
 In all the earth his .ind?m» nis. 
 1">. l»emend)ei-ed hatli liis eovenant evei-. 
 
 Mis law a thousand ayes. 
 
Tin; Sm\(;s (IK Hi I!I!I:\V IFrsToPV. 
 
 f>3 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 Ki. 
 17. 
 IS. 
 
 1!». 
 •20. 
 
 •2:1 
 24. 
 
 Tllr i-iiVrri;illt \\r \\\\\\ Ali'lillll lllililr. 
 And iiiitd IsMiic s\v;if< , 
 ('oilliniird In .|;icnl» to, a stilllltc. 
 A ••ovt'llilllt to IsCii.'l ever. 
 
 ^iiyiiiu-. rii i^rjvr til,-,. Cjiiiaiiii I;m<l. 
 
 The I(i1 (if \(iiir possession. 
 
 W'lii'ii ye were litii r,.\v jn iiiiiiiImt. 
 
 \ t'l-y lew. jiikI tlicy sojonnici-s, 
 Fi-oiii iialioii to iiiitioii. and kinudoin 
 
 To people, afiir Ihey wnndei-ed. 
 
 Siny ye to Vidiweji all the ejii-th. 
 
 His siilvjitioM daily pi-odaiiii : 
 Dcchii-e his <:locy mid the n.-iiions. 
 
 Ilis iiiMi'vels all people auioiiL;. 
 
 4 
 
 Yahu'di mill Itlols. 
 
 2."). For Vahweirs unvvit. to he ._nv;ttly pr.-iised. 
 
 O'er nil ^(xls to I»e revefeiieed. 
 L'«i. For ;ill <rods of the people are idols. 
 
 But VnllWeh ii':nle the heavejis. 
 
 flis worship. 
 
 27. Honor and inajosty are ltefo?-e him. 
 
 Streii'.-'th and yladiiess in his place; 
 
 28. (live to Vahweh. () kindreds of people. 
 
 • iive to Yahweh ylory and praise. 
 
 29. (!ive t,i Yaliwc^li his doi-ious name. 
 
 A jrift hrinir. and draw near: 
 MO. Worship Yahweh in h.^iuty ofiioliness. 
 All earth hef.tre him fear. 
 
04 
 
 Ills nih 
 
 The .Sn\c;.s of Hebrew Hisiorv. 
 
 'I'Ik' \\ni|,| IS jilv. sIjiIiIisIhmI, 
 That it caiinol lie muved ; 
 .'il. Let heaven be jjlad and eartli rejoice. 
 Along peoples say, Yahweh rules. 
 
 32. Let ocean and its fulness roar. 
 The Held, its all, have mirth; 
 
 83. Let trees of wood 'fore Vahweh joy. 
 Who eometh to judge the eartli. 
 
 Ilis goodness. 
 
 34. (live thanks to Yahweh. for lie's good. 
 
 Ilis mercy all duration; 
 
 35. Then say ye. save. save thou us. 
 
 O God of our salvation. 
 
 Yea gather, and deliver us, 
 From among the nations. 
 
 To celebrate thy holy name. 
 And triumph in thy praises. 
 
 Tlis prais 
 
 3(). Blessed Yahweh, (Jod of Israel, 
 F'rom ever and for ever; 
 '.nd all the people said. Amen ! 
 Did praise to Yahweh render. 
 
 The Inst two lines are not in the poem in the Hebrew 
 
I 
 
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 I