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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 C' AN EXHIBIT OF THE PEOGRESS, POSITION AND EESOURChlS, OF THE COUNTY OF PETERBORO', cs^skixia:idl9i N»^y<»ffl3 •. • i , , . • -■ ') 1 ', ' , c TO THE WARDEN AND REEVES OF THK COUNTY OF PETERBOROUGH, AND THE MAYOR AND TOWN COUNCIL OF THK TOWN OF PETERBOROUGH, THE FOM.OWIN« I'AGES AKK, WITH GREAT RESPECT, DEDICATED BY Their Obedient Servant, THE COMPILER. '1 \] INTRODUCTION. In the year 1868_the publiHhem of this Exhibit, issued a Directory of the United Counties of Poterboro' nnd Victoria. Ifi it they attempted to point out the great progress which, considering its geographical position, removed from the regular line of travel, and, up to recent years, most diflieult of access, the Counties had made in ])opu1ation in commerce nnd in agriculture. Many of the statistical tables in that Directory were necessarily mere a))pro\imations — the result of cal- culations based upon the aHSCStimeiit rolls. Such data afforded but an imperfect and not too flattming ilhmtration of our advanoenicut j so tlint the clearer infor- mation which tt correct Census of the County has afforded, has suggested the pro- priety of that iiifornuitiou being embodied in a durable form, easy of access for future referenct; to the resident of the County, and exhibiting in its 'true light, to the stranger, the decided i)rogn>Hs it has made during the Inst decade. It is a misfortune to this County that, from its comparative remoteness from the through line of travel, it has not become as generally known, nor its resources as fully appreciated, us under other circunistaucos would undoubtedly have been the case. People pass and re|)nas along the frontier settlements, without stopping to enquire as to the country in rear of tlieni. Many jieraons, intelligent and well informed, have expressed their astonishment upon making u visit to Peterboro' at its position, and at the striking evidences of a healthy and sound prosperity which are everywhere manifest. Much of that proB])erity is due to the magnificent wuter power which the River Otonabee presents. Flowing in rapid course through the County, it offers sites for inanufacturingfpurposes unsurpassed by any stream in either section of the Province. For ten miles above the Towu it descends with great rapidity, the fall within that distance being about one himdred and eighty feet. And \ ::''c already it has been availed of, us motive power for some of the finest saw mills Canada, there is still abundant rO(mi nnd abutulant inducement for the establish' ing of manufactures of various kinds on its banks. The impetus^which has recently been given to manufacturing industi-y in the Province ought to find a development here. There are few better positions to be found. ^ The railroad communication with the Grand Trunk and Lake Ontario is most ample and most reliable. During the summer months, when the greater portion of the sawn lumber is shipped, there are two railroads in constant opera- tion, one to Port Hope, the other to Cobonrg. The guage of these roads is the same^as that of the Grand Tnmk, and their communication with that great line complete, so that raw material may be landed in Peterboro' as easily as it can be landed at any Town along the main road; while thi> niiiiiut'iictiircd uiticU- iiiuy bo placed in the can at Pntcrboro' and delivernd at any point totiehml hy the Grand Trunk without trnuHhipmcnt. Thifl cunipinttMiosH of ooniniunirutioii with all the leading markotH, roniovuM any objcctionH, which, in fornxn- yi'urs ami in I« invosituient ot Capital in that description of induMtry. But PotiJi''^' i* * *- C.a'i^n we have in view. It ia only by making known our position and resources, that as a County wo can expect to see id^atOti^dn'iappreciated, and those resources more fully developed. To those IvTunicipaliiies, which, appreciating this truth, have subscribed for this work and thus encouraged us in the undertaking, we express our hearty thanks. That the amount may be returned to them ten-fold, in in- creased prosperity and happiness, is our earnest wish. \' |jhttp://www.archive.org/details/cihm 47983 THE COUNTY OF PETERBOROUGH. (lENKllAL CKNaiJM. A goiieriil review of thu |)U|)ulutiuii of tho County of I'etorboro', contnwtiiig it with foriuor yeftin, gives evidnnco of o prosi^rity exceedingly encouraging, and marks itas one of tlio fortMnost Ct)uutiosiu thin section of tho Province. It murft bo renicnibeiod that tin,' County is little more than forty years old ; that up to within a few years past, the modes of ooinmuuieutioii with the ;,'reat routes of travel were exceedingly defective, and that little or none of that exciting speculative mania, which gave to some ('ouiities in tho Western part of Upper Canada aaudden rapid progress, has bc'ii f'-lt bore. Omgnjwth, such as it, has boon, has been steady and reliable. Nineteen years ago the popuhition of tho entire ('oiborMo District was only 13,- 25)5 5 and that, at the time, was regarded as a largo number. Nino years ago the population of the District, or as it was then called, the United Counties of Peter- boro' and V'ietoriii, was 2f),Hl).'', an increase during tho ten years of l.%698, or about 101 J per cent-, while to-day, the population of tho County of Potcrboro' alone is 2."'>,2I''N within .'{,(544 of tho numbei' in the two Counties nine years ago, and 'J,l)5l more than the number in the Colbornc District in lHt2 ! Making the comparison with timt portion of the Colborno District which is now included in the County of Petorboro', the advancement sccma oven more striking. In 1H42, the population of the County of Peterboro' was but 7, .'{04. In iH&2 it had in- creased to l.'j,237, a rate of progress wpial to lOS^ per cent, in ten ycare, or 10- 1.3 per cent, pei- annum. JJy the Censas just taken the population is foimd to be 23,24'.), an increase in nine years of oJt per cent, or about 'i.OH per cent, per an- num/ The highest rate of progress over attained during one year by Upi)er Can- ada was in 1834, when a per centagc of increase equal to 11.42 was reached ; but tho average annual increase very slightly acceeded, iipto 1851, 5 per cent, while, 80 far as the returns yet published enable us to make a computation, the aimual increase during tho Inst nine yours all over Upper Canada has not exceeded about 4^ per cent. Nor is the comparison less fiivorablc when made with other countries. We have not access to tho completed Census Returns of the United States of 1860 ; but those of the previous census aro really more favorable to our neighbours, when the comparisons are by per eentage of increase and not by aggregate increase. — The annual rate of progress in the United States between 1840 and 1850 was but 3.53 per cent. ; and in Great Britain for the same period it was 1.32 per cent. — While taking one State alone, one of the most prosperous in the union, Ohio, the increase during the ten years preceding 1850 was 33.33 per cent, or about 3.33 per annumn. ! I Tli«< |M)|)ulati(>ii uf the ('i)unty milividuil iiilo I'i.lOt iiiiiIi'n itiul 11,1 I.') ffiuitlcri, tho fonni'r iM'irig in hx^hm uf tho luttnr, i).'t!), or iibotit x^ \>t'v cent, In lHA2 thfl numboi-H won! H,2'>'.\ limit's iiimI (•/.•h| fvinulcs, an i'xci'ih oI' tin? foinn'r ov«r tho lutU^r of 12ti'J, 111- about. IH l-(i |M)r cent. An CMiiniiiutiuii of ('cimiix llotiiriui hIikwm tiiut ill those CoiwitrieM whicli iiro niont intliiciiL-('i.l liy thii onliimry lawn of populntion, tlm |ii'0|ioi-tion of fomiilnM, hs coinitnin! with niulr.-M in ^routt-r. Thuii in ITppor Cnniiiiti at the hist <'i'iihiim tlM'iuunlx'r ormulos *>\ci>i-(U>(l that of foinalpH by r» per (•(•»(. Ill Lower i'uniuhi, wliich wan I'HH clU'clcJ liy iinnii^iHtion, the cxcoHH waH only oiu' por cont. Whili> in (ircal Kritaiii liii> nuuilxM' of fomalea ex* ceodrd that of nialos by ',i\ |inr riMit. fn tlic approxiinntion to a j^ntator equal* ity b«3twi>i'ii tho rtoxos in tlm Oounty of I'ntoilioro', (Inrin;^ the liiHt ton ycani, we havo thorofoio ovidonoo that the gonoiu! iiifioaso is iJiM' mainly to (ho ortlinary lawfl of population and not to iinmi;^'i'ation. Tho nuniboi' of familios in tho County of Potoilioro' is ll,M.'{:< givinjf a more fraction ovor (I porMons to oacii fivmily. Tho proportion in 1852 was within a fraction of (?4 persons to oach. The nninbcr in Tppor Caiuidain IH')2 wa« 6{ to each family ; whiUt in Oroat llritain it was about l^^ poiDons to cuoii family. The cxc(!odinji; hnalthfulnoHH of this County is inanifostod by the returns of deaths in iHrtO. The nnmborof d(!aths throuj^hout the whole County in that year was only L)i>, that is but one to oiio hundred and forty-nine of tho number living. By the last Census it was found that tho proportion of deaths to tho living was in Upper Canada one to one hundred and two, in Lower ranuda, one to iiincty-four| and in tho United States one to seventy-four. The number of births in tho County duriiifj; If^fiO was 815, a proportion of one birth to every l 2-'l families, or almost five and a rpiartor births to one death. In Upper Canada at the last Coiisus tho number of deaths was about ono-forth the number of births, while in Lower Canada it was about one-third. So that the excess in the number ot births over deaths in tho County of Poterboro' as com- pared with Upper Canada, is as r)\ to t, and with Lower (\vnada as .'i^ to 3. Another evidence of the Uivturul increase of tho |iopidation of Poterboro' is fur- nished by the relative number under '» years of ugc, and over that age. lu 1P52 the number undtn* five was to the whole ])opulatiou as one to four and throe-quar* tors ; while by tho Census just taken the projiortion is one to five and three-fifths. Of tho general Census by tv^oa, the following is tho result. There were under five years 4,318 ; from five to fifteen, or as they may be called children of school age, there were 6159; from fifteen to twonty-five, there were olOO : from twenty- five to fifty, .5873 ; while of perstnis ovor fifty, there were 1709. Of these persons over fifty years of age, there are one hundred and sixty between seventy and eighty ; sixty-fiv' is fur- lu 1852 Rt'-qiiar- c-fifths. i . B under "school twenty- )cr8onfi ty and e hun- :eneral It salu- 6,261. Aconpting thn popiiliitloii over tw«>ntylivo on marriAgcablo the proportion of mar • ricd to nmrriagoaljln piTHDiw U ti'jHS to 7»»72. It hart already Ix-oti iiuticcd that thit iiumbur of ihildrvii of Hchoul ago in f>,li'.). Till) luimlxtr actually atluiidiiig Hchool irt 407.'). At tint aight the dinpropottioii butwi.'uii th(jiio who ought to uttcud Hchool aud thoHu who actually attend sccnu vory large. Hut it mast ho horuo in mind that with all th« facilitioit given by our nxccllout Hcoool Hyrttoiii, thoro are Ktill iu the County HparHoly Bottled dintnct* wh<-rc tho distatiou to thu Hohool houHO Ik ho groat aa to preclude the pouibility of vory young ehildron attending. Tho chaructor of the Huihlings occupied by tho population of u DiHtrict id by no moanrf a bad tost of thuir condition. A pertioa rightly forms his improsAion, in paHrtiug through any [lortiou of Country, of tho wealth, tho intelligonco aud tho rtocial status of its residents, by tho houMcs they inhabit. In this respect tho County of i'otcrboro' is making marked aud rapid progreiw. The early Bettlors invariably commenced their career by tho erection of a log shanty ; and that many of those familiar dwellings yttt remain is not at all to be wondered at, when tho comparative youthfulauss of the County is tnkon into account. Hut tho rapid increase of dwelliii;,'s of a superior kind — and hero let it bo remarked that these generally follow, almost never precede, thourectionof good substantial Barnit aud outhouses — is a pleasing indication of tho ability of tho farmers to surround them* selves with substantial comforts. Tho entire number of Houses in the County of Pcterboro' of all kinds in 18.>2 was 2273. The number by tho Census just taken in 3G75, an increase of sixty-one and two-thirds per cent. In 1852 the houses were divided us follows: — Stone 51, brick 16, frame 562, log 1209, shanties 435. In 1K61 they aru classed as stono 111, brick 149, frame 1467, log 1948. The last includes the shanties ; so that of this class ot building the proportions should be in 1852, 1644 and in 1861, 1948. Thas tho stono dwellings have increased about 100 per cent during the nine years; the brick about 831^ per cent; tho frame buildings about 164^ per cent and tho log about 18^ per cent. The term "log house " docs not, however, couvoy anything like a correct impression of the buildings in many instances designated by it. They are often large commodious residences ; and when well built and plastered within and without, furnish as com, fortabic a dwelling as many of those designated by more pretentious titles. THE CENSUS BY ORIGINS. The earliest settlers in the County of Peterboro' were from the Coimty of Cum- berland in England, and the first large accession of population, after their settle- ment in the Township of Smith, was what was known as the Robinson immigra- tion, from Ireland. The immber actually located by Mr. Robinson in 1825 was 1878. These were scattered all over the Colborne District, now the United Counties of Peterboro' and Victoria ; and in 1842 we find that the residents of Irish birth had increased to 4675. Of these 1802 resided in the County of Vic- toria, leaving the Irish population resident in the County of Peterboro' 2873, or about 1000 iu excess of the outiro Robinson immigratioa. During the next tea 10 m i:: .< t it ' ' years, up to 1852, these had increased to 4216 a rate of progression equal to about forty-six and two-thirds per cent ; while during the last nine years the rate of pro- gress among the Irish population has only been rather under 9J per cent. The English po])ulation shows a much lar>j;cr increase. The numbers of English origin in the County of Peterboro' in 1812 was 819. In lho2 it had increased to 1170, equal to about 36 J per cent, while by the Census just taken the English popula- tion is found to be 1735, an increase during the nine years of ISj per cent. The population of Scotch origin exhibits a^min a smaller increase. In 1812 the num- bers were 791 ; these had iacreased in 1852 to 1059, or about thirty-three and six- sevenths per cent. By the recent Census the numbers are set down at 1342, an increase during the nine years of 283 or nearly 27 per cent. The entire foreign population other than those of the three kingdoms, is inconsiderable. The United States is credited with 474 and all other Countries with 141, making in all 615. Taking then the relative increase of the foreign and native population during the last twenty years we have this result : 1842 1852 1861 Foreign population 4513 6701 7692 Native do. 2694 8536 14942 Showing an increase during the firet ten years among the foreign population of about 48^ per cent; and among the native population of about 216|. And dur- ing the last nine years an increase of only 14| among the foreign population, and of over 75 per cent among the native population. These comparisons are important in this : — that they show the progress of the County to have been mainly independent of those elements which usually give a prominence of increase to new Countries. During the last nine years there has been comparatively little immigration to Canada, scarcely any to the County of Peterboro'. The efforts which are now being made to induce a larger immigra- tion during the present and subsequent seasons give promise of a fruitful result. That we shall here share in the general accession of population cannot for one moment be doubted; and sharing in it, the natural advancement of the past twenty years, gives good earnest of an increased advancement in the future. THE RELIGIOUS CENSUS. Connected with the personal Census of the County there remains for us only to notice the religious divisions of the people, the strength of each denomination and the relative increase of each particular form of belief. Commencing with 1842, as with the other departments of the Personal Census, we find the population of the County divided, as regards the two great religious divisions of the people, into 1924 Roman Catholics and 4447 Protestants; that is an excess of Protestants over Roman Catholics of about one hundred and thirty-one per cent. Coming down to 1852, we find the division to be 5254 Roman Catholics and 9705 Pro- testants, an excess of the latter of about eighty-four and two-thirds per cent. While in 1861 the numbers are found to be Roman Catholics 7339, and Protest- ants 15,910 an excess of the Protestant over the Roman Catholic population of 11 lal to about rate of pro - cent. The glish origin ed to 1170, ish popula- cent. The 2 the num- rec and six- it 1342, an tire foreign The United in all 0)15. during the pulation of And dur- lation, and ress of the illy give a 5 there has County of immigra- ful result, ot for one the past ture. IS only to lation and ith 1842, ilation of Jple, into otestants Coming 705 Pro- jer cent. Protest- lation of one hundred and sixteen and two-thirds per cent. In other words, during the ten years between 1812 and 18.*2, the protestuiit iiopulatiou incroasod ono hundred and eighteen and a quarter per cent, and the Roman Catholic population ono hundred and seventy three per cent ; while during the nine yoars from 1852 to 1861, the Protestant increase was fifty-nine and one-third per cent, and the Roman Catholic increase thirty-nine and one-third per o'>ut. Of the subdivisions of the Protestant popnlation,'the Church of Scotland claim- ed the largest number in 1842 ; but the Church of Scotland of that day included in its computation all those who after the aeoosaion became known na members of the Free Church ; and therefore for purposes of comparison those two bodies should now be computed together. If wo do this we find the Presbyterians, using the term in its evident sense, numbered in 1842, 1852, in 1852 .3fi01, and in 1861, 5291. But these in 1852 wore divided into Church of Scotland 721, Free Church 2824; other Presbyterians 56 ; and in 1861 into Church of Scotland 999, Free Churcli 4226, and other Presbyterians 66. From this st.itement it is quite evi- dent that the increase in the Presbyterian body has been almost entirely confined to the Free Church ; a circumstance which may perhaps bo accoimted for by the fact that up to within the last three years, the Church of Scotland had not a sta- tioned Minister nor a separate place of worship wit'-'n the County. Next in num- bers to the Presbyterians come the members of the Church of England. In 1842, they numbered 1804; in 1852 they had increased to 3079, while in 1861 they are found to number 4359. Next to the Church of England, and at this moment superior in point of numbois to any other single denomination, are the Wesleyan Methodists. In 1842 they numbered only 561, or, taking the entire Methodist body, 615, only about one-third the strength of either of the religious denomina- tions already adverted to. In 1852, the Wesleyans had increased to 2130, a most remarkable rate of progress; or taking all the Methodists, the numbers were 2500. While in 1861, the Wesleyans are found to number 4404, or again taking all the divisions of Methodists, 5372 ; — an increase between 1842 and 1852 of 1885, and between 1852 and 1861 of 2872. These subdivisions include the Bible Christians, who now number 633 against in 1852, 329, the Episcopal Meth- odists 134 against in 1852, 41 ; and 201 returned under the general head of other Methodists. The only other denomination eimmerated is the Baptists. Their numbers are not very large, nor has their progress during the last nine years been at all marked. In 1842 they numbered only 177 ; in 1852 they had increased to 507 ; while the present Census gives their numbers at 671, being the smallest of any of the denominations having resident Ministers and regularly appointed places of worship. ■"■' ' -'■ ';•'; ■^' ,.-».;-> -r i; ,!-—• ,- ?: . THE AGRICULTURAL CENSUS. ' 1 ' ' . ' Important as is the personal Census of a County interesting to the statician as is the progress of the people in mere numbers, the enumeration which establishes their growth in material wealth is of much greater interest and importance. Of such a character ia the Agricultural Census. No department of industry more in ■• I t i i |if|v 18 nearly effects the intcreste of the County because in none other are 80 many per- sons engaged. The great proportion of the population are Agriculturists ; and therefore the figures which show the Agricultural advancement of the County, testify to the prosperity ot its inhabitants. • ■ ■ As with the personal Census we shall carry back the cqmparison of our Agricul- tural position to 1842. At that time there were in the Townships now included in the County of Peterboro' 13r>7 occupiers of land, holding 151,226 acres, or an average to each householder of about one hundred and eleven and a quarter acres. Of the land held .30,276 acres were returned as under cultivation, an average to each householder of only twenty-two and a quarter acres. In 1852 the number of occupiers of land was given at 1651, an increase of only about 292. But as those of 1842 are given as "Householders," they may include many persons, such as mechanics and others, who were excluded from the enumeration of 1852. The total quantity of land held was 179,429 acres, of which 69,574 were under culti- vation. That is an average of cultivated land to each occupier of forty-two and one-seventh acres, and of land cultivated and unculti\'iited an average of about one hundred and eight and two-thirds acres. Coming down to 1861, we find the num- ber of occupiers of land to be 2211, an increase during the nine years of 660. The quantity of land held was 260,320 acres, an average to each occupier of about one hundred and seventeen and four-fifths acres. Of the land held 112,964^ acres are under cultivation, an average of about fitly and two-thirds acres to each holder. To recapitulate we find the following to be the result : — , v , - Occupiers, Lands, Cultivated, Uncultivated. 1842 1357 151,226 30,276 120,950 1852 1661 . 179,429 69,574 109,855 1861 2211 260,320 112,964i 147,355^ Of the lands under cultivation there were in 1852, 44,257 acres under crop, and in 1861 66,946| acres, an increase during the nine yeajs of about fifty per cent. What the area of land under crop was in 1842, we have not the data by us to give ; but judging by the returns of produce it must have been about 20,000 acres. There was under pasture in 1852, 25,032 acres, uud in 1861 45,164^ acres, an increase of about eighty per cent; under orchards and gardens there were in 1852 585 acres, and in 1861 853| acres an increase of about sixty per cent; and under wood and wild there was in 1852 109,833 acres, and in 1861 147,358^ an increase of about forty per cent. Of the lands under < op the largest area was occupied with wheat. The num- ber of acres of fall wheat is set down at 13,970, yielding 209,178 bushels; and of spring wheat there were 8940 acres, yielding, 131,406 bushels. In 1842 the entire yield of wheat was less than one half the yield of Spring wheat alone during the present year, being 58,197 bushels; while in 1852, the yield of wheat fall and spring was 253,610 bushels, the acreage being 15,596. Thus we have a compar- ative yield of wheat as reported by the last three Census, as follows: — «o many per- ultnrisls; and the County, four Agricul- low included acres, or an luurter acres, m average to the number 'i92. JiutJis persons, such n852. The under culti- )rtj-two and of about one Bnd the num- )f560. The )ier of about 2,964^ acres res to each ated. 50 . - M. •odi er crop, and y per cent, ta by us to ), 000 acres, 2 acres, an ere in 1852 and under an increase The num. hels; and 1842 the »ne during it fall and a compar- 13 Acres. Bushels. 1842 58,11)7 1852 .596 253,510 1801 ;2910 .S40,584 The average per acre of wheat in 1852 in the County of Pctcrboro' was 16J bushels. By the present Census it is found to be somewhat less, being 15 bushels to the acre of fall wheat and 14J bushels to the acre of spring. This compara- tively small average however, is very easily accounted for by the notes which the enumerators have, almost without exception, ap])ended to their returns, to the effect that in most of the districts the wheat was much winter killed ; and in very many instances, so much was this the case, that the averages went down as low as 6 or 7 bushels to the acre. The season therefore was an exceptionaljono as regards the staple product of the County ; and no just estimate of the producing power of the Townships can be based upon it. Mr. Hutton, the Secretary of the Board of Agricultural and Statistics, in his able report accompanying the Census returns of 1852, estimates the home con- sumption of wheat at 5 bushels for each individual in the population f^and the seed at 1 ^ bushels per acre. Taking these figures as the basis of the present cal- culation it will be found that the quantity of wheat required for homo consump- tion in the County of Peterboro' during 1861 will bo 116,245 bushels, and the quantity required for seed, assuming the acreage to be the same as last year, will be .34,165 bushels, leaving no less than 190,174 bushels of wheat for exportation ; and this too in a year when the crop is by common consent, set down as having been a failure. Next to wheat the largest number of acres is occupied by oats. Under this crop there were in 1860, 14,644 acres yielding 490,875 bushels ; an average of 33^ bushels to the acre. In 1842, the yield of oats in the County was only 94,- 797 bushels. In 1851 the acreage under oats was 8105, yielding 230.916 bush- els, an average per acre of 28^ bushels. Jive bushels per acre less than the yield of last year. Of Peas there were 9836 acres sown ; and the yield amounted to 197,568 bush- els, an average per acre sown of 20 bushels. The yield in 1851 was 62,420, from 3947 acres, an average of 15^ bushels per acre. The following comparative statement will show the number of acres under each crop respectively in 1851 and 1860, the product of each, and the average per acre : — 1852. 1861 Acres, bushels, average. Acres, bushels, average. Wheat 15596 253510 16^ 22910 340584 uf Barley 147 3215 22 694 14728 24J Rye 81 1079 13J 193 2835 14'| Oats 8105 230916 28^ 14644 490875 33^ Peas 3947 62420 15| 9836 19756S 20 Indian Corn... 202 5141 25^ 122 3061 25 'I H 14 Potatoes 2029 02r).'il 45^ 2(^0 .Tiiar.J 119J Biickwlioat. . . . til) 1010 11'^ 172 30SH IHJ Turnips :192 88192 22rj 120H 2:?9t;-)9 280^ Hay 10890 tons 1 1 752 tons GrafB seeds 349 bus, 1017 bus. Flax or Hemp. " 2359 lbs. ;' Carrots 2813 " 52496 bus. Mangel Wurzel 375 " 3707 bus. Beans 117 " 129 " Hops 570 lbs. 749 lbs. Wool .'ilOSllbs. 72630 lbs. Maple Sugar. . . 40977 lbs. 118325 lbs. From this table it is seen that with the single exception of wheat, which has been already explained, was, as regards at least one half the entire crop, winter killed, the average productiveness of the County has largely increased during the last nine years. And when it is remembered that the average yield in all the pro- duce mentioned above, with the exception of peas and potatoes, was largely in excess in the County of Peterboro' in 1851, over Upper Canada as a whole, the comparison appears more favourable for the County. The value of these production may be assumed to be as follows : — 340584 bushels Wheat (3) $1 1340584 00 14728 " Barley (S) 50 cents 7364 00 2835 " Rye O 50 cents 1417 50 490875 " Oats (3) 25 cents 122718 75 197568 " Peas (S> 50 cents 98784 00 3061 " Indian Corn ® 60 cents 1836 60 321354 <' Potatoes ® 25 cents 80338 50 3088 " Buckwheat^ (S) 80 cents 2470 40 239659 " Turnips * (B 12^ cents 29957 38 11752 tons Hay (S> $10 117520 00 1017 bushels Grass seed ® $3 3051 00 2359 lbs. Flaxseed rS) 5 cents 117 95 52496 bushels Carrots © ,15 cents 7874 40 ;- • • 3707 " Mangel Wurzel ® 20 cents 74140 129 " Beans (a> 60 cents 77 40 749 lbs Hops ® 20 cents 149 80 72630 lbs Wool ® 25 cents 18157 50 118325 lbs Maple Sugar O 10 cents 11832 50 ..:,/,., Total $814993 08 ^•^'^■-«- This statement, as will be seen, includes simply the produce of the soil during the year 1860 ; being an average return of $12 61 for each acre of ground under crop. There was, in addition to this, other sources of income which we proceed to ol 423J per thisi nui anc veri witl the! Col whi 11 in lb 11»« ! 1.S5 280J »ns ja. IH. IS. wJiich has '■op, winler rl during fhe ' all thepro- largely in I whole, tho 1 (luring d under proceed 15 to oiiumpmte. Tho produce of the Dairy we find ostimatod as follows:— Butter 42;{,804 lbs, and cheese 09,055 lbs. Estimating the price of these at I'A cents per lb, and the uveragu in th».' case of butter has been above i thcr than below this figure, the value of tho produce of the dairy is found tobe$(j0,'2t9 (J7. The number of lbs, of Butter returned in 1M51 us made in the County was :i31,45() lbs, and of Cheese ."{t'),!)."}! lbs, so tlmt the increase in the latter commodity has been verj' small indeed while in the former it has been considerable ; and as compared with the number of milch Cows in 1H51 and l^^GO respectively affords evidence of the steady improvement of the stock kept by our farmers. The number of milch Cows in 1H51 was 551(), so that each Cow produced about fiO lbs 1 J oz. butter ; while in IHGO the number of milch Cows was fi758, yielding a fraction over 62 lbs 11 oz. each, an increase in the yield per Cow of 2 lb 1).J oz. The entire average in the produce of Butter per Cow in Upper Canada in 1852 was 54 lbs l\ oz, 8 lb 9| oz less than tho present produce of the County of Peterboro'. Another item which should be taken into account in estimating the annual re- venue of the Agriculturist is the Beef and Pork sold. Of the former we have re- turned as sold by Farmers during 1860, 406,600 lbs. which at $4 per 100 lbs. re- alised $16,264. Of Pork there was sold in the carcass 1,46.'J,750 lbs, which last year averaged about $6 per hundred pounds, realising $87,825. Adding these items to those detailed above, and a further sum of $14,141 returned as the value of the produce of orchards and gardens, we have a total sum of $1,023,197 75 which represents the value of the Agricultural productions of the County during the year 1860, — an average income from these sources to each farmer of $463 23; and to this ought to be added as an incidental source of revenue 628 gallons of cider; 10336 yards of fulled cloth ; 50 yards of linen ; and 28,052 yards of flan- nel. The value of lands in the County ot Peterboro' in the possession of farmers is $4,698,990, being an average per acre, taking all parts of the County of $18 05. The cash value of farming implements is set down at $181,533, an average to each farmer of $82 10. The published returns of the Census of 1852 afford us no data by which to institute a comparison as to the respective value of farms and farming implements now and nine yeai-s ago ; but judging by the returns as fur- nished by the Assessment Rolls, the increase has been very great indeed. The numbers and value of live stock, which forms part of the fixed capital of the farmer, as compared with 1851 is as follows : — 1851 1860 Bulls and Oxen over three years of age 4252 2586 Steers and Heifers under thi-ee years of age 3907 7027 Milch Cows ' 5516 6758 Horses over three years of age ) ogSO ^^^^ Colts and fillies under three years of age J 1352 Sheep 18069 19988 • ' Pigs 11224 10886 16 The first two classes nro somewhat differently enumorated in tho two Census returns; and therefore to ascertain fairly the increase the two classes should be added together. The value of live stock is not given in 1852 ; but by the present Census it is set down at $695,092 50, an average to each farmer of $314 38. — The value of horses over thrno years of age, although included in the above esti- mate, is given separately as well, at $297,700, an average jjcr horso of $89 36 ; showing that tho standard of horses is very high. The improvement in the stock as indicated by the increased quantity of butter per cow, made during tho last year, has already been adverted to. In sheep a similar improvement would aj)pc'ar to have taken place. Tho quantity of wool produced in 1851 from 18019 sheep was 51,031 lbs., the weight per fleece being within a quarter of an ounce of three pounds. In 1860 the quantity produced from 19,988 sheep was 72,630 lbs., the average weight per fleece being 31bs. lloz. ; an increase in the producing power of the sheep in the nine years of lljoz. per fleece, a most gratifying proof of the improved quality of the stock. By reference to Mr. Hutton's report, we learn that the average weight of tho fleece in 1851 in all Canada was 21b8. lOoz., and in the United States 21bs. 7ox. Assuming the value of the sheep at $2, and that is a suinciently liberal valuation, the profit on this branch of stock alone is nearly fifty per cent ; a fact which may well suggest to the farmers tho propriety of increasing the number of sheep of good breed. Taking tho difterent items as wo have enumerated them, we find the fixed capi- tal of the County in the hands of Agriculturists alone, to represent a sum of $5,- 575,615 50, an average to each farmer of $2521 76. The value of the years products has already been stated at $1,023,197 75; so that the capital in the hands of farmers returns to them an ainiual per centage of upwards of twenty-two and a half per cent ; a fact marking in the highest degree tho solid prosperity of the Agriculturists of the County of Peterboro'. And this prosperity must go on in an increasing ratio. The early years of a settlement are ner essarily devoted to the mere clearing of the land, and but little attention can bo bestowed upon the higher branches of cultivation. As the far- mer becomes wealthier, as the land is cleared of its forest and ita stumps ; as good buildings are erected, and improved stock introduced, superior systems of cultivation follow of course. Already many of our farmers are devoting them- selves energetically to the work of improving the productiveness of the soil., Land drainage, one of the most important featuresjof improved modern husbandry, has been adopted by some few, and will soon be the sine qua rum of every farmer, the test by which his intelligence and merit will be determined. Superior stock is being gradually introduced ; and the great improvements in this respect which the last nine years have witnessed, as indicated by the facts we have funiished, will find more than its mere repetition in the decade upon which we have entered. Implements of husbandry of a better make are finding their way into the store houses of the farmer ; and every thing gives promise of a race of substantial pro- gress for the farmers of the County. .% two Census ses should be by the i)reseut f $314 38.— le above csti- of$8D 36; of butter per <-'ej) a similar ool produced 'iiig within a from 19,988 an increase ieece, a most Mr. Button's Canada was of the sheep mch of stock farmers the fixed capi- sum of $5,- of the years pital in the f twenty-two >rcsperity of J years of a id but little As the far- stumps; as systems of ting them- 3oil.^ Land 'andry, has 'ly farmer, irior stock lect which furnished, e entered. the store mtial pro- CENSUS OP MANUFACTURES. SAW MILLS. In no respect has the progress of the County of Peterboro' been so umrked as in relation to its manufactures ; and in no other department of the Census there- fore have we greater, or as great evidence of the material prosperity which has thus far attended it. It is neither the occasion nor the place to enter upon a dis- sertation as to the importance of manufactures. Hut this much may be said without touching upon the main argument, that where manufacturing industry has been moit fostered and has best succeeded, there every other interest will be found in a proportionate degree to have advanced. The principal manufacture of the County is that of sawed lumber. The im- mense water privileges which it possesses, and the fine timber which grows in its forests, will easily account for this. And the last nine years having witnessed the completion of Railway communication with the Lake shore, the only impedi" ment to a full development of the sawed lumber trade has been removed. The commercial crisis ot 1857-8 in the United States with which the lumber interests of the County are intimately connected, Albany being the principal mart for the sale of lumber, somewhat effected the prosperity of this branch of manufactures here. But dispitc this the advancement has been most astonishing. In 1852 the number of Saw Mills returned waf, twenty-five, all of them propell- ed by water power. These twenty-five returned, us the produce of the } ear pre- ceding, 11,589,000 feet of sawed lumber, being an average for each mill of 463,- 560 feet per annum ; or, assuming that the mills were i-un for 150 days in the year, an average per day of 3090 feet. In 1860 the returns show that there were in the County thirty-seven Saw Mills, cutting 68,821,000 feet of lumber per annum ; an average to each mill of 1,860,027 feet, or a daily average, upon the came as- sumption of 150 days, of 12,400 feet. So that while the number of mills has in- creased during the nine years about fifty per cent, the produce of the mills has in- creased within a fraction of four hundred and ninety-four per cent. This impor- tant distinction between the Increase in the number of mills and the increase in the produce of the mills is important to be borne in mind ; because it illustrates very strikmgly the superior character of the lumber establishments recently erect- ed within the County. It is to be regretted that the incompleteness of the returns of 1852 render a comparison in all the aspects of this important branch of industry impossible. But in another respect than that already indicated there is the data for comparison, viz : in the number of persons employed in connection with these mills. In 1852 the number was given as thirty-three, certainly a smaller number than it is possible to imagine employed in working twenty-five mills. Yet we are bound to assume the returns as correct, and therefore we may state that there are now returned seven mills each of which employs more men than were employed by the aggregate mill owners of the County nine years ago ; while the entire number of men now i , ill ji 'i n \l employed is found to be 037, that is (>04 more than weit; returned in 1852. The cost per month of this labour is $I3*J40, or per annum f IG7286. In reference to ten oi the saw mills included in the present census, the returns are less complete that is desirable. Of some of them it may be remarked that, being connected with flour mills, the capital invented, hands employed, Ac, are given conjointly. With regard to others, the proprietors were unable to give even a fair approximation of the capital invested and the value of produce. Ex- cepting these we lind the value of capital invested in the Saw Mill business in the County returned at $;{(i 1,748. Wc have no data by which to compare this with the former census. The number of saw logs used by twenty-seven out of the thirty-seven mills re- turned, WHS 332,400, valued at $270,355. The value of the produce of the mills is given at $009,330. The nature of the lumber business is such that the produce of it necessarily is expended in a great measure in the locality within which it is carried on ; and therefore we have u capital of over six hundred thousand dollars expended annually in the County, as the result of this one branch of industry ; and over and above the resources, purely agricultural, of a large proportion of the* Counties of Western Canada. -,:. .*' GR18T AND OATMEAL MIU.B. Next in importance to the sawed lumber interest, the Grist Mills may fairly claim our attention. In these there has been no increase in number since the last Census. There were twelve mills in the County then, there are just twelve to-day. But the similarity in the returns of 1852 and 1861 goes no further than this. For instance the number of hands employed has increased from 13 to 28. The quantity of wheat ground is not given in 1852, but last year it was 345,010 bushels valued at $340,786. The number of barrels of flour turned out was in 1851, 52,050 while in I860 it had increased to 76,200 barrels, an increase of nearly fifty per cent. And the value of the flour is given at $367,000. The capital invested iu the milling business was given in 1852 at $42,800 ; but the re- turn only included 6 of the mills, representing, however, considerably over two- thirds of the entire produce. Adding therefore a third we have, as the capital invested in this bushiess in 1852, $64,200. The amount returned by the present Census as invested is $149,082, an increase of over one hundred and thirty-two per cent. The labour employed in the mills costs, by the returns, $1061 a month, or $12,732 a year. It is said that another large mill is to be erected during the present season on the race way recently built by Sam. Dickson, Esq. ; and we doubt not that the next few years will witness a number of others. There are in addition to these Flour Mills, two Oatmeal Mills returned. They are not however of much importance, as it appears that they employ but four hands, at a cost per month oi $92. They consume $18080 bushels of grain val- ued at $5735 ; and turn out 618 tons 850 lbs of Oatmeal valued at $12548. The number of Oatmeal Mills in the County in 1852 was the same; but we have no particulars concerning them in the Census of that year. There is in the returns under this heael in the Census ot 1852, some points I whi Cal tni wl Mil twi dir thd tic led 19 u 1852. The ifl, the returns ^marked that, 9yed, Ac, are lable to give reduce. Ex- usinesB in the )are this with vcn mills re- of the mills t the produce in which it is isand dollars of industry • ortion of the- s may fairly er since the just twelve iirther than m 13 to 28. I'as .346,010 id out was nn increase ,000. The but the re- ' over two- the capital he present thirty-two 1 a month, luring the ; and we id. They but four ?rain val- 48. The ! have no caxdixo mills and woolen faotorigb. which it is very difficult rightly to understand. For instance under the head of Carding and Fulling Mills, Otonabee is credited with two establishments, which turned out an aggregate of 46,200 yards of Cloth — we presume home made cloth which had simply gone through the process of fulling. There is no corresponding Mills in the present Census. It is true that the Township k still credited with two mills, but the number of yards of cloth passing through them had greatly diminished, being 7800 yards only. It is necessary to bear this in mind so that the general returns of manufactured goods may not be effected. The presump- tion we suppose may be that the farmers purchase more imported goods and make less cloth at home than they did ten years ago. Leaving then this item out of the calculation altogether, and taking simply the balance, the number of mills is now four against five in 1851. Only two of the mills in 1851 made a return of the Capital invested, but these two showed the largest oggregate produce. The amount given was $1680. The Capital invested in this business by the Census just taken is found to be $19900. The number of hands employed in this department of industry in 1851 was but seven; in 1861, it is found to be twenty-six, nineteen males and seven females. The monthly cost of labour $.^77. Tho produce of the various mills is given a.s follows : — 22000 yards cloth manufactured. 5800 " <' fulled. 2000 " Flannel fulled. 24.300 lbs Wool carded. The value ot the produce being $14656. Although the number of Mills appears by the returns to have decreased, there is abundant evidence in the comparative amoimt of labour employed now and in 1851 that this branch of industry has very greatly advanced in importance. In- deed there is too much reason to fear that places have been dignified by the name of fulling and carding mills in 1851 which hardly merited the distinction. FOUNDRIES. In the number of foundries in the County now and in 1851 no change has taken place. But thus far only the similarity extends. In every other respect there has been a very marked improvement. The number of such establishments is set down at five, of which three are in the Town of Peterboro', and one in Ashbum- ham immediately adjacent to the Town. In 1851, the capital invested in foun- dries was gived at $7400, to-day it is given at $45,900. The value of the pro- duce of foundries was given in 1851 at $13400 ; by the present Census it is found to be $56,075. The quantity of raw material used is estimated at 46,000 feet of lumber, and 192 tons iron, valued together at $5584. The number of hands em- ployed in 1851 was 24, the number employed now is 54, receiving an aggregate monthly return for their labour of $1412. Among the items enumerated as the produce of the foundries, the following are most easily classified : 1 7 Tlu-ashing machines, 25 Straw cutters, 12 Reaping machines, 12 Harrows, 121? Ploujfhs ftiid ciwtings, ne points "M !' I u ■ii :il ijiil And bcHitlcs these a large ((uantitj of other mnnut'ttcturcd work which it wouhl ho very ditriciilt to cnunicrutc. lint in ^'ivin^ thesu figun>H, it niur't be boint; in mind thut they includfl thu rcturtiu of only three out of the live fuundricH, and tiiut of the two whoHo prothico i» not spocifieully ennniernted, ouo is the Hocoud lurgebt foundry within the County. TANNEIllKS. The number of Tanneries in the County Iiuh very materially increased durln;^ the hint nine years, as hiu> also the ])rodu('e ofthe.se important raanuiactorics. In 1H52 the number was given as three, one of which gave no returns. The two giving returns, both situated in tiie Town of Peterborough, gave !i'2800 as the amount of capital invested in the buuineu.^, 10 as the numlxu' of hands employed, and lfl(),M)() a» the value of their products. The number returned in tlio Census just taken was eight ; and the enumerators return one as being l)uilt, a very fine stone building at the Village of hakelield. 'I'he capital investt.'d in the 'J'aunery business within the County is set down at $2208;"). The raw material consumed is valued at lii!17, 190. The number of hands employed is twenty-one and the monthly wages amount to $401, or per annum $4812. The products of the Tan- neries is given at 21!K> calfskins, and 0478 sides of leather, valued together at $111,178. So that in this branch of industry most decided progress has been made during the last decade. UKEWGRIGH. There was one Hrowery returned by the Census of 1852. But no particulars were given, and therefore no comparison is possible. The number now in the County is three, possessing a capital of $10,400, consuming annually 7,100 bush- els of malt and barley, valued at $2,430, employing twelve hands, at a monthly cost of $245 or $2,940 per annum, and turning out 51,200 gallons of beer, valued at $13,490. ■ ■-• •■'■'"'•■' ■■-'"'■ ■ ■- •■ '■ •'• ^'^■'■■- ■'"- '■'■'- GOOPERAQK AND STAVK FAt'TOKIES. These were not included in the published returns of the Census of 1852, al- though at that time there were coopers shops and stave factories within the Coun- ty. The number returned by the recent Census is five of the former and three of the latter. The amount of capital invested in coopering establishments was given at $5,870, and in stave factories $1000. The raw material used in both together was set down as worth $3013. The number of hands employed was 28, 17 in coopering and 11 in making staves, the monthly wages being $792 or $8,684 per annum. The annual product is given at 547,000 staves valued at $6,708, and 22,253 firkins, barrels, &c., valued at $16,922, making an aggregate value for these classes of manufactures of $23,630. , ,. ,> i, v CAlllUAGK AND WAOGOX FACTOUIKS. The number of these establishments in the County is returned as six j but in the case of two the amount of capital invested, and the number of carriages made is not given. In the othei four the amount of CRpital invested is given at $I1,» fiOOi the value of raw material used i« set down at $9,000 j tho mmibw of httudf! emp The 'fli It would l»t> l»(*rii(. iiiiiiiiij ''») »iif 1852, al- in the Coun- ind three of ts was given 'til together s 28, 17 in ♦8,684 per >6,708, and 8 value for IX; but in ages made nat $11,4 fofliaud« fmployod in nil tho of the tnctoriofl is U, and tiio monthly wngos paid is $1011. 'i'ht' ]ii()diict' of four ul'tlit' tuitoritis is set down thus : NO Carriii>,'('s, "JO Carts, lllO Wagj^oMS, KJ Harrows, !>.'> Sleighs, 15 Harrows, ;n» Cutters, viihied at ?.n,.'t'J(l. 'liic aggr«'gntL' value of tho Carriages, Ac, of those factories which do not Hpccify tho numbers turned out is given ut $G000. IM VXINi; ANn SHIN(JI,K MAI lliyKH, &c. Cnder this head wo are comixlli'd to give the returns of sash and door factor- ies as well, Itecausi; in most eases tlioy aro all combinid under one roof, and their separation would be a mutter oi great diHiculty, so great that it has not ijct'n at- tempted by the onumeratois. 'J'here are within the County 1 shingle machines, 3 l>liiuiMg nuichiue.s, and 2 sasli, door and blind factories, having an aggregate of capital invested of $7100. The value i)f the raw material consumed istOCi.')!, tho number of hands cmjiloyed, :{4, tho monthly wages fWH, or $ll,'.»7(i per annum, and the return of produce is given thus : — 2,200,(100 Shingles, ;{27,oOO feet of lumbor planed, r)0() doors and blinds, G,000 lights of sash, valued altogether at $11,100. But this by no means represents the value of la- bour performed. In the case of the sash and blind factory, the proprietors are general carpenters and builders as well ; and the labour which they return is in great part occui)ied with this work which of course is not included in any way in the above returns. CABINKT WARE FACTORIES. Of these there are four concerning which full returns are given in the Census, and three others in reference to which it was impossible to obtain accurate infor- mation. Of the four fully returned, the capital invested is stated to be $8400. The value of raw material used is set down at $2272 ; the number of hands em- ployed is given at IH, costing $487 per month, or $5,844 per annum, and the value of furniture turned out is stated to be $1^,712. In addition to these and somewhat intimately connected with them, there is re- turned one Chair Factory, using raw material to the value of $216, employing two hands at the annual cost of $600, and turning out an aggregate of 2000 chairs valued at $1,500. I'lIANDl.KUIES, There are two Soajj and Candle Factories returned, both of them situated with- in the Town of Peterboro'. The capital invested in them is given at $5,500; the number of hands employed 7, at u monthly cost of $140) and the produce is set down ftt 140,000 Ibi? nowp and 100,000 Ib^i c«nceivpy the judgvii a bronae medal. The capital inveited in the LuaiuPHH ia wt down at 9H,000. — Twentj hands are employed throughout the year nt a cost of $5,000. Kaw ma- terial to tho raluc of 910,000 in uKed annually, and axen and toola amounting in value to $23,000 are turned out. Mr. Ayora' Axe factory, thn only other one now in tho County, haa not been doing much during the past year. It em[)loyH about three hnnd-s, at a cost of $1,000 a year, and tumi out axen to the value of $3,000. In addition to these there is a pottery returned, which employs .j hands at a cost of $1200 a year, and turns out annually 5000 ])ioccH of potter)- valued at $2000. And a pump factory, only started daring the latter part of Inst year, and in reference to which the returns are necesHarily incomplete. It employs three hands however, at an annual cost of 94H0. HQrARE TIMRER. An important item in determining tho manufacturing industry of the County, is the square timber taken from its forests, and which finds its wuy by the Otonabee and the Trent to the Quebec market. The quantity manufactured in the County during the present year will probably amount to 5,000,000 icet, taking all tho different kinds of timber into account. Twelve and a half cmts mny be fairly set down as the average value of the timlier at Peterboro', making a total of $625,> 000. The number of hands employed in this branch of industry is probably not less than 1,000, many of whom are French Canadians who come hero as labour- ers in the woods. Their labour costs in round fj'rurcs, that is not including the run from Peterboro' to Quebec, $240,000. These constitute the principal manufactmos of llio County of Peterboro', and they form a most important element in establishing its position and prospects. Recapitulating we find the following result : — u Hands Annual ooHt Capital Value empluyetl. oflalmiir. iiivusted. of Produce. Sawmill* 37 637 ^167,3S0 $361,748 e609,330 OrUtmillR 13 38 13,733 149,082 307.000 Oatmeal milU 3 4 1.104 13;648 Cardinc mill* and woolen factories. ... . 4 26 4.534 19,900 14,606 Foundries 6 64 16.944 46,900 66,07S« Tawieries.. 8 31 4,813 23,686 34,178 Breweries 3 12 3,940 10.400 13.490 Cooperage and stnve factories 8 28 8,684 0.870 .>3.CoU Caniage and wanon factories 6 44 13.628 11,600 .'.l,.il':> Planing and shingle machine 9 34 11,976 7,100 JM Cabinet ware factories 4 18 6.S44 8.400 )>'ii> Chair factory 12 600 - — ' 'jw Chandleries 2 7 1.680 6,600 jiJ.uOO Pottery l 6 1.200 2^000 Axefhctories 2 33 6,000 8,800 26.000 BquareTimber 1,000 240.000 300.000 626,000 1,939 $480,848 $960,886 $l,8ff7,60il i 1 ' "f tJio ftxoH and rovincial cxliibi- k(| Ity theju(Jg»'n wn nt|H,000.— ,000. Haw m*. Ih nmoiinting in y, has not been ds, at a cost ol" 't hands at u tterj- valued at f Inst year, and employs three ' the County, is the Otonabee in the County taking all the !iy be fairly set total of $625,. ' probably not ere as labour- ; including the iterboro', and id prospects. Value of Produce. 9o09j330 367,000 13,648 U,6S6 6«,076« 34,178 18.490 ~>8.6S0 ' 1M«H' 14.% I 1 ' 'JO iaUOO 3.000 26.000 636,000 <>1,867,609 V i n I @ oo 3 8 n!!a2S"»**-a = - iM 3 - XI 5 iS- I** Iz.''-- Mil ^4 (A ^« e>i iM ^ 3t t*. C'l 9> h- I ^ (A 10 I I ^ 0» »* lO 00 »- Oi ir> .-( f-i e^ lOoot-'ti'^'fC'iceiMiota W r-l ^ o . Jt' ^ PQ 5*3 -^ OiMOiOWb-QOeei-iCl^teM «* -^ 94 O M CO CO ^ '^ O oH 1-4 QC i-< ^^ H ^ M ^ ococo'^ l^abooaoi-^ e>4 »- ■* I 1* CO >.4 ifl ^- O PH O «» ^ < o CO t- I 00 iQ >n t-Neoa)ao«n« ooe^'+coc^t-u'SMmi-i-^ *- CO »- to 00 e^ ■<*' ■^ *- ei S -s .9 24 CENSUS BY RELIGION. ■ KAMK9 Of C. of Eng. R. Cath. W. Meth. E. Meth. B. Chris. M r N I C I P A L 1 T I K H . 1852 1861 1852 1861 1852 1801 18524861 1 18521861 Peterboro' Town 540 13 506 209 835 260 304 370 60 757 66 656 382 281 669 363 392 390 132 132 88 105 565 637 1226 7.11 490 484 86 537 5 249 263 16 830 27 707 132 113 922 67 395 802 264 69 34 12 4 16 14 2 4 24 6 41 28 4 11 22 18 3 55 61 170 95 Ennisinorp . Smith and Harvey Monafhan 381 ! 4.92 128' 224 ; 323 13301232 1230'l706 178 16 Ashburnham 5 Otonabee Douro 80 54 Dummer and Burleigh Asphodel 283 674 26 181 1025 21 4 12 149 191 10 Belmont and Methnen Minden and Stanhope Snowden. ^ 4 Galway Total 3097 4359 5? 54 7339 •^130 4404 41 134 329) 633 CENSUS BY RELIGION, (Continued.) ir ^h lill i ! ' ) NAMES OP F. Church C. of Scot. Bapl .ists. OtherMet. Others. M U N I C 1 1' A 1, 1 T I E 3 . 1852il861 1852 1861 1852 1861 18521861 1852 1861 Peterboi'o' 414 546 24 44 6 51 32 188 66 173 74 37 218 88 61 132 122 50 146 92 48 14 22 6 79 280 25 35 71 11 1 117 376 49 1 7 15 87 2 6 2 9 — 12 33 14 22 22 73 22 130 18 26 Ennismore . 1 Smith and Harvey Monaghan Ashburnham. Otonabee 649 385 816 815 422 97 1105 — 92 9 16 30 1 10 5 1 1 24 20 G 1 48 Douro 54 .-^28 142 36 226 274 496 199 4 9. 15 Dummer and Burleigh .... A sphodel 40 62 Belmont and Methueu Minden and Stanhope Snowden 15 IS Galway 16 31 Total 2824 4226 721 999 507 671 _ 201 344 283 n CEN'SCS HY AGHS. th. B. Chria. ^(il 18521861 14 22 95 — 2 18 178 4 3 16 24 5 6 55 80 — 61 54 41 170 191 28 10 4 — 4 11 1 — - 34( 329,' 633 TdWNSIIII'. o z c 1'cIlt1)ovo' :\Mr Kniiisiiioro H62 Smith and Haivov ' 3426| M()nii;rlian ..."'. i ]281j Ashburiilmni 993| Otonabeo 4221: Douro , 2497i Dummor ami Hiirleigh I 1 757j Asphodel 2!»12j Belmont and Mcthuou 68!) Minden, StanIio|K! and Dyuart 230' Saowden | 188i (lalway. i 3-)2' a 1964 462 1811! 651; 507 2230, 12K4! 914! 1506! 352 M2| iioi 171 I Ui 2 1 IH77I lOo! 1615 630; 486; 1991 ; 12131 «43i Hoe; 337! sh! 78; 181; o 6SS: 17l! 631 i 190; 210' 721 522 301 571 134 53 40 1^6 848 241 963i 326 : 217 1137 713 541 794 204 1 46l 43| 861 969 10H3 178 1% 721, H2H 312' 336, 212' 2H2 952 10291 484 600 i 354 629 140! 44 39 66 399 726 165 HI 51 97 o 253 76 28:; 117 72 382 178 162 192 46 6 15 17 Totals i 232491 12101 111451 43lHl6159i5100;5873ll799 )t. Others. 11852 1861 33 14 26 1 22 20 22 6 - 1 )f 73| 48 15 22 40 130 62 18 15 — . — — 1« — 31 344 283 DEATHS, BIRTHS, &e., IN 1860. • o s < o - cr. - 1222 284 Asnhodol . . . . 13! J 14 659 S3 84 1 2071 459 Be moiit and Mcthuo;! 2, 20 ! :',f) 10 214 )75 115 Mindoii, SlaiiliDiie and Dvsart . . li 10 :i."> 22 1 1 1 5.3 IH Snowdini 21 7 20 s 67 121 39 (lalwiiv 1| 10 20 11 131 221 66 Totals 156 815 1 4675 i 779 6988 16261 .3833 27 AB8TUACT OF AGRICULTURAL TOWNSHIPS. Helmont and Methucii Douro Dummer and Burleigh Smith and Harvey. . . . Monaghau Asphodel Ennismore Otonabee Peterboro' Minden, Stanhopo andl Dysart Snowden (Jalwav Ot'('lJ*l'K8 OK LAND. I..*SI)H .tfUKS. Held. Under CuItiva.'llmU'i- Crop.s. 1852 1H61 1852 1 1861 , 1852 1861 5545 22197 22692 31684 9954 25701 9681 5i:;24 651 13035 29793 , 29284 A I 13584 i 1007! 9156; I 8398' 502331 il5316, 11326=J^ 4555 j 7709; 2678, 120363 i .392'. 3423 154011 12380 243021 5863 16337i 55161 28597 6155 5792 10039 516 19804 5657 92261 3522' 6776i 1 0978! 136221- 2155i .3617 52291 9575.i 1396| 43545 140 201 6501 174i 153i 449A Totals 165l|2211 179429 2603201695741112964^144257 669461 ABSTRACT OF AGRICULTUllAIi III! TOWNSHIPS. BARLEY. RYK. 1 PKAS. 1 1 1852 : 1861 1852 j 1861 ' 1 1 1852 Acrs Bus. 1 Acrs Bush. Acrs Bus. Acrs Bus.| A era Bush. Hehnont and Methuen. . 4| 50 15^ 287 10; 160!l324 2979 1! 26; 20| 435 ' 8 169' 33i 887 ' 69 1491, 61 : 1515 6: 152' 90 i 2057^ : Hi 166' 4K 1109 37 3 542 50 491 ri6r, Douro 455 .355 1136 225 499 1^01 5822 Dummer and x»iirleiffh. . Smith and Harvey Monaghan 8 6 1.34 80 7131 , 26 375 18317 3574 Asphodel Ennismore i 55 684 105 '15561 i : 7749 3213 Otonabee j Peterboro' i ' 32 912 ' 6' 80 I 194 , 5424 1 12 181i 22 312' , . . . ' I 1022 5 15949 100 Minden, Stanliope and Dysart I 1 20 i 15 .... 1 1 . . . .' Snowden .. ..|... . i 1 . Galway * *!' * * ■ " • ■ |- • • • ..... 1* ' • ■ i Totals 147 3215 594 'l4728 81*1079 193 2835 3947 62420 28 miCLLTUBAL CENSUS— 1852 AND 1861. { . lANl).^ — ACHKK. i 1 WIIKAl. ii.'Hndoi- Crops. ; i^52 1861 5 i 516 1980^ Ij 5657 92261 ' 3522! 67761 1 10978 13622i;' 2155; .3617 g 52291 9575,' i 1396| 4364? 1W64 170151 . 140 1 174^ i is-a rj 449i ,'44257 669461 ITiidcr Pasture. Giii Jen. Wood or Wil.l. If 52 1861 1852 1861 1852 1861 ; 1852 1861 Acres. Bushels. Acroa. Bushels. 491 3476 4799 4190 2353 2445 12.50 5482 546 1441V.... 6100^ 23 .'55225 77 10470 148 2172|! 47 6662A .35 1127| 32 11309V 217 6 24 ',.... 132i'.... 1 i 453>< 74V 130 n 87 1429 J 2694' 16368 734 i 5::77 99^' 17992 34V 7003 2724; 309i;i 9612 143914 1689H4 25931 4 5463A 18648 80674 27 Ht54 ' 1.56 19H3 i.-.oi .•',854 1115 172-1 719 i A 448 \ 96 29328 22-257 65869 ] 9483 26906 10040 76219 1561 .■>72 3008-1 2139nl 5309A 1.342^ 3123 1411A .-.7414 38 505 192 8357 42353 31993 8300S 23494 45266 18726 82699 4V 5954 55064 93884 59»; S46 20U' i 3246 2.5032 45164^: 585 8535 109833 147355^ ! 15596 253510 229114 340584 JCULTCHAL ripx'CT '< m-.o AVI rk laAi cr'/i. PKAS. 11 1852 !.!|Acr3JBush. !|l 49! ' 565 ji 4551 5822 355 7131 [113618317 !( 225 3674 I 499 7749 201 3213 1102215949 ' 5! 100 3947|62420 PE i AS. 61 i OATS, i ! KICK WHKAT. INDIAN COUN 18 1852 1861 1- .\crs •52 1861 1852 Acres Bush. lAors 1 Bush' Is ! At'tes. ! Bush's. Bush. Acres. Bush. "1 Acra.Bush. •24 2i 1181 1050^ 2043^ 447" 3742 1 185 22116:;! 206 18531 1474 46205 11533 8038 578 3360 2.^289 55285 46622 15229 459V 9938 22984 *'-^^^^ 19724 ♦'<'fi'^^ 26145101107 7835 j ^24265 1971.V 63693 724'i 19661 37235 :1389^24 . . . ' "43 4 766 25 1 48^ 3 10.' 52 i 543 797 55 192 899! 1.3- ISli 12 lOfO 33! 785 15! '271 '24 470 18= 383 1674 612 25761 31034 12282 55408 955 i 280 11867 I •>7 21601 6164 53469 897 14 2 6 147 30 42 25 14 697 162 1352 11 6 113 44 55 234; 902 1841 ''OS 55 ! 1109 1 i *' 6O; 1 1 1050^ ■•■'l ■ 1 1 1 ! 202 18531 8105 230916 14644J 1490876 69 1010 1 172i 3088! 5141 29 AHSTItACT OK A(illI('ri,TIKAL ill : liii ' I- I': 1 ! (ISDIAN COIIN 1 ! \TOK.«, TOWNSlIII>S. 1> 1 I'OT TIKMI'S. , I8(;i ^52 1861 1 1852 lAci-H Hush'lH A(;vc!a|I5nHh'l8 Ar-rc.-t. l^ll.-.h'lt!. AcrsjiJush. Holnuiiit iiik) Mcdiuoii.. Doin'o 2'.)\ n 20 (i84 80 147 240 1G5 557 ! .2 808 280 28G 87 2(iG i 98 i 748 2955 1 V082 ] 8845 14485 4487 14700 5049 197M9 105'ii 10245' 427.V 499791 18 1090 43j 9140 Diiinnior and I>iirloi 1 9934 10068 1758>-; -'0^2 4135 •'■'l:il 1756^ 2135 3725 :'4H6| 19946 0977 2203 2907 20SI' 118325 CENSUS— 1852 AND 1861 . — (Continued.) TrRNIl'S. Cl.OVKK, (illAHS SEED, 1 &v., &c. CAKROT.S. MANCEt, WV UT/ E I,. ; ,t HEAXS. HOP8. 1861 'l852 1861 1.S52 iM(;i 1,S52 l^<(;l , iHr)2!i86i i 1852 1S62 Acres. jBuslrlH ' liUH. Hush' Is jjiiisiris Kush. Bus. 1 liush. JillS.; IJUS. ' lbs. : lbs. 37i 7110 159 ! 41092! 1 |"53 "41 46 56 16 137 10 33.V 7:1 78 ■■■44* 474 330 I 1 "1665 410 62 14 622 40 150 4205 15:{7 11 1 1 5 37 ?,?4 1 0'/7 797 i 1927 1840 I ! 1371 GOO .... ] 500 i 415 1570 638 2805 443^1 1665.',; 597 1 2933i| S i 371 912 295 . . . . 128 .... 50l 1 16:^6 I . . . . 1 ■ ■ ■ "1 1 16 .... 1 26 6;? , 6OO1 628, 10869il03364, 8i 50 i 26440 28052 4252 2586 5516 6738 • In the Census of 1861, the headuig was "bulls or oxen over three years of age." — The heads given here is that of the printed returns of 1852. 30 ABSTRACT OF AORICULTL'RAL CENSUS— 1852 & 1861.— Cowtinnfrf. il! CATTLE. TOWNSHIPS. t'AI.VKS oi; IIKIFKKH. t H(JliS) ■:h. If SHKKP. I'lGW 18521 1861 1 1S52 IH61 1852 1861 1852 1861 Belmuiit aud Methuea . . Douro 79 286 566; 913 i 511| 868 1 908,1617 89 316 587 1291 36 336 3()4 736 256 277 105 714 56 70 460 382 791 266 426 122 899 4 1 300 2230 2229 4000 1509 2006 861 4895 39 500 2335 2138 4636 1454 2504 911 5510 167 1.547 2012 1708 631 1442 707 2969 41 357 1820 Dumincr and Burleigh. . Smith and Haivey Monaj'han 1177 1879 507 Asphodel 1611 Ennisinore Otonabee 199 958 10 420 1854 r. 816 2624 Peterboro' Mindcn, Stanhope aud Dysart 24 Snowden 15 50 15 Gal way . - .\ . 56 Totals !3907l7270 2880 3421 18069 19988 11224 10886 t The heading in 1861 here was "steers and heifers under three years of age." IF There were 1352 colts aud lillies returned in 1861 in addition to the above. ABSTRACT OF AGRICULTURAL CENSUS— 1852 & 1861.— (Conitnued.) TOWNSHIPS. BUTTEl I, l.BS. CHEESE, LBS. BEEF, BARRELS. PORK, BARRELS. 1852 1861 1M52 1861 1 1 1852 1861 1852 1861 Belmont and !Methuen. . Douro 1590 12695 87494 60812 53770 51595 97456 94794 13095 18370 50 575 1506 ' 8816 1 942 j 6233 1 i88i2 350 948 2920 24046 25911 7510 90: 131 27 1981 66 714 717 1356 338 887 244 1541 6 269 888 Dummer and Burleigh. . Smith and Harvey Mona^hau 182J206'' 327 523^ 96 74^: 155 292^' 65! 140 A' 672 1740i 369| 936 Asphodel 35210 16550 75841 450 5887 3 i 18725! 101215 Eunismore 472^ Otonabee 2591 1 422l533"l 1948 Peterboro' 10 10 13 5 Minden, Stanhope aud Dysart 790 1526 4409 3 A Snowden ■'3 H 17 Gal way ' Totals 331456 423804 ' 36934 39655 1388 2023 5869 73181 31 'i'—Continned. PIGS' ^e years of age." 3" to the above. —(Continued.) PORK, 6i|!l«52'l8Gl 66 26y 714 888 717 672 13i36 I740A 338 H69| H87 936 244 154l|l948 6 472^ 17 J|l5869'7318| THE nOliCAYCEON ROAD. No foaturn connoctcd with the progrtss of the County of Potcrboro' deserves lore jiiiitieulur mciitioii tht»ii that which relates to the opening up and settlement jf the now Townslii;s in its rear. So late as the year iHoG that Country was Bomparatively a wilderness. The opening of the road lias rendered it a homo to Imany a happy industrious family. The settlers are principally emigrants of a few [years exporienee of (!ariadian Ufc ; and these are the only class who with pro. Ipriety, aa a general rule, can be considered as lit ted to become the pioneers of new settlements. The construction of the JJobcuygeon road, undertaken in 1H"j7, in obedience to the policy adopted by the Government of opening leading Coloni- zation roads, enabled settlers to take advant ige of the lands ; and the free grants of one hundred acres each upon both sides of the road, upon conditions of actual settlement, induced a large number of persons to venture iuto the hitherto unexplored wild. A reference to the tabular statements published in another part of this pam- phlet will show the i)rogress which the settlement has made since it was establish- ed. It will be seen that on the Peterboro' side alone — the road divides the Coun- ties of Peterboro' and Victoria — principally in the three Townships of Galway, Snowden and Minden, no less than 770 peisons had already settled up to the month of J'Miuary last, and we have assurance that the settlement is daily increas- ing. Besides the Free Grants there have been sold by the Agent at liobcaygeon no less than 67,000 acres of land ; the receipts on which have reached the sum of $24,500. The entire cost of the road to the Government thus far, and there are forty-eight miles of it completed, has been $32,000 ; so that besides the settle- ment of the Country, and the important advantages thereby secuied to the Pro- vince ; the first instalments upon lands sold have nearly paid the cost of the road. When all the instalments will have been paid, and that they will be paid there is the fullest security, the price of lands already sold will sutHce to defray the ex- penses incurred by the Government in the completion of the road for its entire length, besides i)aying for the expenses of surveying eight of the Townships through which it passes. It would be well for the interests of the Province if all investments by the Government, realized an equally handsome return. The progress of the settlement of this " Back Country " is the more remarkable because it has encountered the bitter opposition of many persons who feared that it would not prove an eligible site for agricultural pursuits j and unlike the other great colonization roads, it has never been advertised by the Governnrent. And yet from the day the road was commenced until this moment, the settlers have always been in advance of the road ; and in some cases in advance even of the surveyors. And that those settlers formed a coriect estimate of the capabilities of the Country, is shown by the Agricultural Census. While undoubtedly there are manv portions of the Country unfit for settlement on account of the stony surface, the Townships nearly all present a fair average of arable land, which has :i2 i|,iil i!^l' ulrPttdy givt'u cvidonou of its fruitfulncsH. We are ubio to give only the statistics which n.'late to the Pftorboro' side of the road ; ])ut these muy fairly be consid- ered to be nearly doubled if both sides were taken into account, and the net re- sults of tho colonization ascertained. The (|uautity of land held by the settlers was, at the time the Census was taken, '21,9St; acres. Of this li;!7.\ acres were returned as under cultivation; 7774 acres as undtn- croj) in isOO; .*],") 7 A as under pasture; and '2\ as under orchard. The cash value of the I'arius thus conciucred from the wildernt.ss was set down at $46,130, nearly lifty per cent more than the entire cost of the road. In the re- turns of produce raised we have evidence of the goodness of the soil. Eight bushels of fall wheut produce bushels, au average of 114 bush- els to the acre, or five bushels less than tho County uveruge. Of Turnips there were 134'| acres, producing 2;},r)44 bushels, or au average of 174 bushels to the acre. There were raised thiity-tive tons of hay ; 40 bushels of grass seed, and 7199 lbs. of maple sugar. This produce possesses a much higher value than at liist bight, and from the remoteness of the settlement from ordinary markets, might be supposed. The ex- iensive lumberiug operations carried on in the neighbourhood, and for which the rivers and lakes, which abound in great numbers, a. d every facility, bring to tho very door of the new settler a market for evr . lie can raise. So that the produce of the backwoodsman along the line oi ilie Bobcaygeon road possesses nearly, if not qu'ie, as high a value aa that of the older farmer whoso farm is in the immediate vicinity of the Town of Peterboro'. Tho settlers have managed to gather round them already a ^ ery respectable show of live stock. The Census gives us returns of 75 bulls or oxen over three years of age ; 71 steera or heifers under three years of ago ; 105 milch cows, and 96 pigs. While the value of live stock is set down at $6852. As the produce of the stock we have returned G725 lbs. butter , 28 barrels of beef, iind 2;> barrels of Pork. Ip 185!l, the new Townships were set apart as a Municipality, in consequence of their having tho requisite number of najnes on tho afit^pssment roll. The Mu- nicipality then composed the Townships of Galway, Sn.o^don and ]^|jpden oq the Peterboro' side, and Lutterworth and Anson on that ^i Victoria. S^ rapivl has been tho settlement, that during' vh<' present year tho, 'j'ownships have b^^^n AxyW iji! 'llj illy the statistics iair\y be consid- niid the uet re- ^iisiis was taken, iltivatioii; 7775 uiitlor orchard. vas set down at id- In the re- 10 soil. Eigiit Ijushels to the whole. Under -nige of sixteen iiuartcr bushels producing 212 ibo\ e the Coun- ldc!d 2G16 bush- was under ihe I hundred buah- heis. Of pota- to of 114 bush- Turnips there bu.stiels to the rass seed, and and from tlio 3sed. The ex- for which the ty, brin;?to the So that the road possesses oso farm is in I'y respectable an over three 1 cows, and 95 Toduce of tho irrels of Pork. I consequence )1I. Tho Mu- ftpden on the Sj^ rapiv} has ■0 Ibpft^n divi(i. ;}3 ed into thn^o municii)aliticH, two of them in tho County of Pottrboro*, and one in the {/ounty of Victoria ; so that no.\t year this Country, which I'lw short years ago was held to b«' usoiess for })urposi's of Hottlement, which even la.-.r wua culled in derision "the North polo road," concerning which even its friends could not avoid doubts at times, will send three rcpn'senlativcs to tlir County Council. Thia fact is perhaps as striking a murk of tlio progress of the settlement as any that could be adduced. An immense impetus w(mld bo given to tho new settlement of these new Town ships, and an ample return be made to the Province, if tho Government would consent to macudamizo tlio m;iin road from JSobciiygeoM to the extremity of the line. Such a work could b<: aceumplished for a comiuiralivcly small sum, and tho results that would How from it would in a sinyle year compensate for the outlay. Tlie value that would be given to the lands in the interior of the 'I ownshipa would be very great. The lo(;al taxes, and the enei'gies of the inhabitants could 1)0 devoted to the inij)rovenient of the .side-lines, tli<> objections to going into the interior of the Townshiji.s, wliitli now obtain, would he speedily romoved, and u settlement would at once take place far in advance vi' that upon which we have already so much reason to congralidate ourselves. Tho progress of this settlement is of very ;:reat importance to tho interests of tho County and especially of the Town ol' Petirboro'. All that is recjuired to give it direct eumnmnication with, and secure to it the entin? tiade of the Coimtry along tho lino of the JJobcaygeon road, is the eomjiletiou of the railway connection between Peterboro" and Cheniong Lake. During the Summer mouths two Steamers ply constantly bctvreen JJridgcnorth and Lindsay, touching on their way at Bobcaygcon, the southern terminus of the road. If the railroad were completed, as proposed, a very short distance by water would establish the con- nection. The absence of this railroad extension, and the consequent land car- riage of seven miles, militates nuieh against tho advantage which tho Town has a right to expect from <\\g opening up of the Country. There is every prospect of the want beiug speedily sujiplied. THE JJAcircOUNTRY. , ... The character of the soil in the newly opened region in rear of the County of Peterboro', and Its adaptability lor purposes of settlement, have been so frequent- ly disputed, that in addition to the facts furnished by the Census, it is desirable to publish the evidence supplied by the gentlemen by whom the Townships were surveyed. The evidence we lind in a blue book recently issued from the Crown Lands Department, as an appei\clix to the report of the Chief Commissioner of Crown Land.? for ISGO. We cannot pretend to give anything like full extracts, but present such as seem more particulerly to bear upon the question of sod, and agricultural adaptedness. , Galway. — This Township comprises G9,'J20 acres. A portion of it was sur- veyed by Provincial Laud Surveyor, }[• Deane in 1^57. Ho says of that poitiojl surveyed by \\ivn ;— ■M !!! ■•ill; I it \'lr I I; :i I " It in well wfttored, uiid although vindiihitiii^f iiml stony in ])lad>iniccrc!i;l importance, except perhaps Tamarack, there beiu'^ very little Kim and no Ouk. The most frequent uescriptions of Hardwood timber aic Maple, iJasswood, Iron- wood, and Beech." Anson. — Another Township situated on the West side of the IJobcaygeon road. It contains 42,826 acres of land, and was surveyed iii 1850 by P. L, S. C. Brady. He says of it: — << The Township may be considered as having three natural divl.-lons, prosentin* distinct varieties of soil and timber. " The first, comprising the Northern and Eastern portion, and covering about two-thirds of the whole area, is generally good hardwood land, with a soil of sandy loam, and well adapted for agricultural purposes. "The second or South- Western part, is chiefly timbered with Pine and Hem- lock, and very broken and rocky, although patches of good land occasionally The third division, lying about the middle of tho West half of the Town- occur. the mer hip, and with an area of about one-fifth of the whole, consists of burnt land — imber, and in many places the soil having been consumed by fire. The forn is now replaced by a dense second growth of Hemlock, I'ine, White Birch, &c., on an extremely rough and rocky surface. « ♦ • , " There is au abundance of Pine to supply the wants of any settlement which may hereafter bo founded, while a glance at the map will show that t;ie whole Township is well watered by lakes and streams of greater or less capacity, the latter frequently offering good water-power at different points on their courses, and the former often forming the prominent feature in landscapes of great beauty." Lutterworth. — This Township is also situated on the West side of tho Bob- caygeon road, and contains 45,276 acres. It was surveyed in 1859 by P. L. S. Unwin, who reports as follows concerning the land: — ^4 ior>g, \h )?enernlljr ■sHioiiH, tliPro in a lie Mr'ttloiiKtnl of i.s (Icfp anil I'ur- llt'iiifiil." "1, was surveyed if'' sny.s : ility oi' tho land me, luucli of it f very fair land ^J'ui til- East cor- ■0 is a Iar;,'o per of Gal way uud runs across tho ■ plan ; the for- ;ml other rocks licli seems well line time easily ich of it boiiii; cli ei>rnivorc!i;( n and no Ouk. asswoud, Iron- icaygeon road. '• S. C. Brady. ^ns, presenting ovoring about a soil of sandy ine and Hem- I occasionally "of the 'J'own- rnt land — the The former to Birch, &c., Icment which iftt tiie whole capacity, the Iheir courses, )es of great ' of tho Bob- by P. L. S. 35 "Tho land in l.ntloi worth is in k''' '-'ral undulotin/, and intenectod with uumiroiis small i-akes. Iti'aver pondrt, Ac. "TIh' laud >iM the Kust sidi- of (iull Lake is of lair turniiu>{ i|Uality, the soil in general luin^' sandy, and u light sandy loam. Tlu' land is stony. |{< rky Icdires are rre(|iu'ntly nici'witli, also bonldcis of granite and gneiss on or near the sur- face. 11 It! riii'Ks uii; ( liiflly ,'ranil • or f:ni'i.«s. "The timber is hardwuod, inmost placpsabnndanlly intermixed with Hemlock. Pine of very ^ruod (|uality is often met with, whicli is also mixed with Hemlock, which latter timber is lar;,'e and appcjirs to predominate. '•'i he land to the Noilli Ka.st ol the Township, and along (lull Uivcr to the Jjuke, is of a very good (juality, and comparatively free from stones ; also, on Moore s l'.ired a good knowledge of Canadian life. There are already several largo clearings vaiying from two to fifteen ac es, the greater portiv.n of which is uiider crop ; the soil is generally composed of «aiidy loam, in some cases resting uj)on a substratum of clay and gravel, it is of good depth, and capable of afl'ording a profitaole yield to the industrious husbandman. " The timber in the Township is principally Beech, ilapl? and Pine of average M m B. ■! j 1 1 j j ■ id ■ize, and well bnlnnccd to mijiply all tho wniitA of tbo inhnhitnnU; thoro aro oc coaionnl ('cdar and Spruco swniiipH, which l)f n little drnirmgo uould b«t riMulorod excoc'iliiigly t'L*rtilr. Thn Oull iind Itiirnt UiviMs have their noiirces in Minden ; upou them lire Hovrul mill priviiegoH which will mxm im rc(|uired to ho put into operation to NiitiHt'y the demamlH of the Hctllcni. 'I'hcro h ono mill Bito on Gull Rivur, on lot No. 3, in the '.\nl t'unccsHion, having an unbroken fall of 14 feot, and capable ofbein^ etwily applied. "A lnr)(u portion of the TowriHhip ix occupied with IjnkeH, in which Salmon Trout aro very abundant, and from '.\ to ,'> lbs. wei>;iit. Iloiivcr, Mink, Ottor and Martin, are very ubundaut ail throu>^h thiH part of the country, and Deer aro very plentiful. 1 have counted an many an Huvontecn in n drove. "Tho (ieoloaicul untl Mineral features of tho country are also doBorvinff of ■omo notice. 'I he formation in entirely ;,nanite, and crops out in a North-West- eriy direction, at ri);ht anKles to the rid;res which liulinu the valleys and water- courses, in a North- Kasterly direction. I have found good specimens of Galena, which would probably yield from HO to 60 per cent, of Ijoad, and 20 to 30 of Sul- phur; evidences of Copper ore also exist, though not abundant." Snowden was surveyed in 18.')J» by P. lu S, M. Dcaiio. Ft contains fi2,611 Rcrcs. Mr. Deano says of it : — *' For the purpose of more fully de8cril)ing tho land and timber, I have made a tracing from the plan to accompany the returns, on which I have divided the Township into five sections — number one, embracing the North and North- West- ern portion of the Township, is a tract of hardwood ituid composed of a sandy loam soil, goneri liy stony and rocky in places; tho prevailing timbnr is Maple, Beech, Elm, IJirch, Hemlock, Ironwood, Husswood, and lialsam. Section num- ber two is a small tract of inferior land, very rocky, and timbered with Pine, Hemlock, and i^alsam. Section jiumber three is an extensive tract of high roll- ing land, being a succession of hills, ridges and knolls, the summits of which are all more or less rocky, while the intervening valleys, owing to deposits washed from tho surrounding heights, ])ossess a deep, rich uiul fertile soil ; the principal timber is Pine, Hemlock, Cedar, Balsam, and Tamarac, each ranking consecu- tively according to its abundance, and with res()ect to the Pine, of which there are White and Red, tho former is not of a good quality, and the latter is gener- ally too small for Merchantable Timber. Section number four is a tract of land which was burned about twenty years ago, and is .low overrun with a second growth of Poplar, Jiirch, Hemlock, and Pine. Section number iive is a small tract of undulating land of good (luality, timbered with Maple, Heech, iJasswood, Hemlock, Elm, and Ironwood ; tne soil is sandy loam, and stony in places." The following extract from a report by Jas. W. Fitzgerald, Esq., of a survey of the boundary lines between the Townships of Mindeti and Stanhope, Dysart and Guilford, Dudley and Havburn, and Harcourt and Tiruton, in tho year 1858, contains so much that is interesting in reference to the Back Country that its publication in this Exhibit cannot be otherwise than interesting: — " Beforo referring more directly to the actual survey, I would beg to make a few observatioi.8 on the improvemants which I have noticed on the route and on the general featares of that section of the country : with those around Cameron's and Balsam Lakes, I presume you are already conversant. I will therefore pass on to the River flowing from Mud Turtle into the latter ; upon it a good Saw Mill is in operation, capable of turning out five thousand feet of lumber daily ; there are over twenty fam lies about this place. The line which divides the crystaline limestone fi'om the granite or gneiss formations passes through Mud Turtle Like in a direction a little north of west ; the limestone out-crops on the contains 62,611 ■t aiior* in strKti6cd h ->rir.ontdni|lll fornsinK « vcrticftl cliff from fire to tw«n' •fivo feet hi>{h ; tliote arr Mverat < Mt'^rii on the west Bhni» of thi« lakarn th« ^niurveycd l»nd8 noith ol Kcxley. A f^iiw Mill is boif.;^ conKtructed on the river between Oii« Iftke ard Moor«'ii »ke; itiHoxpectf'dahoitly to l)f inopnrHtinn. Tliorc aiCKCvoral valnablo Mill niton »n this river ; the land uloii;,' its weHt sho t «3 well ns tlint uloiig Moou-'h Lal- loute to the rurvey, I whall now commence [the Koport thereof. " Tho 8ti rtin^ point of tho survey i.s ten chains rcrtli of the Feventeenth mile Eost oil Mr. Dcuiic's line, which is a ecatinnatlon of tho f!obcoyftcon Hoad, now eing constmcted ; from this point the miin lino ran N. 6!t ° Ob' 20" E, astron- [oraically, about i!5 miles to tho rear of the cownsliips fvontin'^ on the v.Prtt of the \ Ha«tin>28 road, intersected at every cij;ht nr.d three-quarter niilor at i i^;ht an/^les |by the lines forrain/r the eastern and wcslorn bound:irie3 of the i,.-jvfiial townships. After assigning to my assistants and men their respective duties, h vin^' t:iken the necessary observation for latitude, and csceitnining tho variation of the compass, I ))rocecded with the survey of tho line between the townships of Stan- hope and Minden, bcarmg N. 09 "^ i;8' 20 E. It commented in a Cedar and Tamarac swamp, after jmssing a fe'.v eliains ilirongh which the land beecmra rolling, with hemlock, pine and hardwood. It continued in this state to the westerly shore of little Bushknnk ; the soil is sandy, and in places stony ; it priad- ually falls towards tho shore, .ilong whicli it is much better. The euBterly nhore of this lake rises abruptly in u rou^^h escarpment of rjneiss about sixty ject high, and dips about S. E. < 20. From its summit the land continues in u broken state for half a mile along the lino ; here it becomes more nndulating and uni- form- The soil is a sandy loam and freo from rocks and stones ; the timber a fair growth of hardwood mixed with Hemlock and Pine ; along this pait of the line 18 a good Pine valley of limited extent, chiefly Honth of the line ; it is a mix- lure of White and Norway; they would avoragc horn iiO to .S5 inches in diameter; at present I consider it sciiceiy worth tho attention of lumbermen frrm to ex- fiense which would attend its removal, but in the event of the surrounding country )ecoming settled, would be invaluable. The land continuew in this undulating state to the fifth mile post, where it atrain becomes broken and varied with patches of swamp, small beaver meadows and hardwood ridges. 'J he country north of this place appears low, and is dotted with pretty lakes abounding in Salmon trout and other va.ieties of lish ; it is much frequented in the Fall by hunters. Beaver, Mink and Martin are very plentiful. Deer are in numbers through this pait ot the count y. " Proceeding onwards to the easterly extremity of taese townsln'ps, the land presents a chain of low undulations, covered with a stout growth of Beech, Maple and Birch. Betweea the undulations are small ewamps, Beaver meadows, &c., with Cedar, Balsam and Tamarack mixed with Hemlock and Pine. The floil fS iiiij ■| (I i'i: t ' aloug thLt section is mucli better than the quality of tiinbbi or iho. divorsity rf the surface would indicate ; it is chiefly of a saudy character, sometimes roscm- blins; loam, particularly in the valleys and in the neighborhood of swamps. Cou- tinuing the same line ('astwards between the townships of Guilfoid and Dys:irr, nearly the same general features are observable for a distance of iui'l a mi!(!; the line herr; passes through a lake of clear, deep water, with a rou'^^h bottom of largo boulders of giauilc. I coulJ discover no nilet or oiuiot of any si .".niticauce to this la'to, though 1 have no doubt, if there be any sublerranoan jiu^sa^^c, it is in a northerly direction. The entire circle of shore around this lake is low, over which is scattered a few good Pines. A large windtall extends ai oithor side of it, bearing X. 20 ^ IS. ; from the broken and contorted ap|iearance of the i'alleu trees, chietly heavy Hemlocks and Pines, it is evident that a fcaifnl Ininicane niusi have passed over the lake. The land to the eastward is a rich sandy loam, with clay bottom of good depth, judging from the upturned roots of the fallen trees. It continues in this way for a distance of two miles, varying only in the description of timber ; here again the same kind of hardwood land occurs, al- ternating with small swamps and beaver meadows, timbered with that description peculiar to them ; in some of them there is a deep loamy soil, and l.y a little drainage capable of being rendered valuable for farming purposes. This divers- ity of timber ;ind soil continues almost without interruption tor a distance of three miles, occasionally passing over good tracts of hardwood land to another lake. This flows in a north easterly direction, and after passing througli two others, changes its course to a north-westerly directioti into a large lake, one of p. chain flowing into Big Husli konk. The land, from the east shore of this lake to the end of the townships, is thickly covered with Spruce, Hemlock and Pine, mixed with a variety of hardwood ; it is slightly broken and rocky ; the soil a sandy loam of average quality. Producing the same line eastwards between the town.shi|S of Harburn and Dudley, the country for about one mile presents nearly the same suc- cession of undulating land, sometimes broken : it yields astout growth of large Beect), Maple and Elm, the latter predominating. The soil is a saudy loam, with clay substratum : it is free of stone and well watered. Here the face of the country again changes into a series of granite ridges, running nearly north and soutb, which continues to the fifth mile post ; the hardwood ridgps are generally ilut on the lop. and pieces of good table-land sometimes occur : the Hemlock ridges are higher and niurc pointed r the soil is also lighter, and in some cases entirely wanting. These ridges divide the waters flowing into Came- ron's Lake by the Burnt and Gull Rivers, from those of the Yoik branch of the Madawaska ; from these ridges to the end of the townships is a mixtine of fair hardwood land, with a few intervening patches of swamp. The boundary line between the above townships and Guilford and Dysart, intersects in a lake, from a hill on the west shore of which is a magnificent view over an extensive valley, in which Pine appears most abundant. Passsing on through this lake between the townships of Bruton and Harcourt. the country is low and undulating for about four miles ; the soil is very saudy and of average depth ; the timber is chielly Spruce and Balsam. For a mile and a half farther on the land is more broken, and the hardwood becomes more plentiful. From this point to the end of these townships, forming ti:e easterly extremity of the main line, is an exten- sive valley of white and Norway Pine stretching noith and south. The trees average 40 inches in diauieter ; about two thirds are white, the remainder Nor- way, and not so gro=s as the former ; some are exceedingly straight, and would make excellent mast* for ships, &c. The York branch of the Madawaska flows through th's .alley in a southerly direction ; it is itself a deep and gentle river 6 to S feet deep in places, and averaging 40 feet wide ; it is navigable by canoes for several miles northwards ; there are numerous falls and rapids on this river ; it aifords a di- rect and good wat^r communication with the Ottawa River, which can be reachsd I , III! \ n r tlio diversity i.-f soiiietiiiics roscni- J ofswampa, fJou- 'okI and Dysarr. i'i' iiui! a imU'>: the u rou-li Ijottolii of of iiny si.niificauce inc-im ]ifi>sup;e, it is Is laico is low, over ds iu oitlxn- side of •ance of the fallen p. feaifiil hunicane a rich sandy loam, oots of tho fallen .ryin\' only in the d land occms, al- ith tliat desci Ijjtion nil, and i.y a little )ses._ Thi.s diviTs- n distancf of three id to another lake, rough two otliers, :o. one of r chain his lake to the ond 'ine, mixed with a il a sandy loam of n the townshijs of :'ariy tho same suc- t growth of large il is a sandy loam, ive the fuce of the nearly north and wood ridi^-ps are limes occur : the so liijhter. and in owin;Lr into Came- Oik branch of the u mixtnie of fair he boundary line ts in a lake, from extensive valley, Ihie lake between lid undulating for th ; the timlier is the land is more i iJoini to the end line, is an exten- outb. The trees remainder Nor- ight, and would Madawaska flows gentle river 6 to S laooes for several r ; it affords a di- !h can be reachtd it in three days. The fore;.'oing information I have received from two wlian trftpperb who come every Fall from the Lake of Two Monntaina, near lontr^al, to hunt here. Th"ir fur alone for this season will amount to over 500, bpsidw s.-veial hundred pounds of dried venison, Huviiu' carvied the main line further than I exfiected without strikin;,' Mr. ^ctcr.son's. I explored thj country for a fc.v miles further on, ^'i-evious to run- lin '■ tiio lino further ; but finding no trace of the above line, returned to the sur- tev of the line betwc.i-ii tho lownships of Harburii and IJruton. Tho main line is 15 miles louj;. Thi?- line commences in the lake before referred to, and strikes 111' u'lrtli shove at ei;rht chains and ci;^hty-five links Iriun its intersection witli tho .aiM li'ie. It rises rulher suddenly for a fovv- chains, from the sniumit of which rooJ robin?,- land conlimies for 2 or 3 miles. The soil is sand)', and in some jlaces stonv. For two miles further on it partakes more of a sandy character. ?he timbr.'r'is — Beech, Maj)le. Hemlock, Birch and Cedar ; and the soil is a fair juality. " Tlij country fotu this place to Mr. Dell's line, presents a more undulating md hilly r. .pearance, v.i which the land is more uniform, and covered with a lealihy gro.vth nf stout Beech and Manle. The soil is sandy loam, and of good iopUi in soaii.' olaeej. This line measuicd 050 chains and 48 links from the main iJine. The next linv which I surveyed is a continuation of tho last in a south-^rly Itlirootion, bftn-een tlie towishijis of Dudley and Harcourt. It commences in tho iBiinie lake, and cuistiio Houth shore about a quarter of a mile from the intersec- Ition v.i(h the main lino. Tho land rises rather abruptly, and continues in a broken fetute for a mile and a half, the limber being of a very mixed kind. From here south- !warii< th? country imoroves : and, after passing a few small lakes, tributaries of I the York bi-anch of the Madawaska, gets into a beautiful tract of hardwood land. The S'lll ii a rich sandy loa;a with clay bottom, extending east and west of the line. It thou cro-sci another lake, the south shore cf which is very bold and b.irron, — .i large tract being burned. The water of this lake is ol a brackish tasto. A stream forming the outlet of a few other small lakes, flows into this at itc- s >ulhcily ext'-emity, very near where the line cuts the shore ; it is of a very strong sulvhurie smell and flavor. The land continues southwards in a varied broken state ; in some places very rocicy and atony, with mixed timber. The line then e;iters another large lake emptying itseU into the Madawar.ka, tho land fiom thi' south shove of vvhieh to Mr. Lindsay's lino is very hilly and undulatin?, the timber, a in: vtuie of hardwood, with Hemlock, Balsam and Pine. The soil is toierablc, though stony in places. '" Having com[ileted this line, which measured 617 chains, and 8 links, I pro- oeodotl vv'itli the survey of the line running northwards, between tho townships of Guilford and Harburn, " It commenced at tho centre of the main line, and after passing about three qvurters of a miic through a serie5\ of small hills, covered with hardwood, Hem- lock, Bir h. Balsam, &c., it enters a lake already reierred to as one of a chain flawing into Big liush-konk, Prooceding northwards from the shore of this lake, the laud gradually ascends for hall a mile. The timber is chiefly re3ch and Maple : t'le sdI! is sandy. It th(m sudderdy falls, presenting, to the nortliwards, a prei'ipitous eJ3arpm'=>nt of gneiss at least 100 feet high; fro'u this it continues in u l!;it staij to the o l„'e of a largo lake referred to abovo. About three chains east of where the line cuts the north shore of this lake, ia its principal inlet. It i.i ab Hit 2^) i'>!Gt wid". and flows from a lake called Trout Ltike, About four miles distant N. E. from here to within a mile of Bell's line, tho lino passes throujjh one coMtitiued series of rough broken granite ridges of rag derate height, the lopa of whicb are somvtimei covered mih large stones, aud • Vitunted growth of mixed 40 timber. In tlio valieja between thobe ridges. Hemlock, Birch, Cedar and B»lsant f>revail, and tho soil is li deep, with a gentle current. From it to ili-. Lindsay'.'j line, the land ia rollin;/, with hardwood tim- ber, and patches of Ilemloeic, Tialsam and Pine ; the soil is aandy, and of averagft quality. This line measured fi'd cauins 89 links, differing nearly 35 chains from the correapondin;,' line between the Townships of Dudley and Harcourt. "This line Hni.shed, I oommenced the survey of the lino between Minden and Dysart. Not bavin;; instructions to survey the continuation of this line North- wards between Stanhope and Guilford, i am unable to give any information from personal observation ; I have, however, obtained much that is favorable iron; my explorers, to which 1 F,hail refer when reviewing; the whole survey. Commenc- ing, then, the survey of thialine between Miiideuand Dysart, tho land along which ibr the first two miles is lathei' rough and broken, though at a short distance from it East nnd West it is more uniform and regular, with a healthy growth of Pcech and Maple. Along the line, however, the prevailing timber is Hemlock, Pine^ and Balsam. The soil is sandy, and apparently of a lertilo nature. Here the line crosses a boaver meadow, throu'.rh which a good, rapid stream flows; it forms the outlet of a lake lying East of the line, and flows in a wesle.iy uiicctK.n lu.'- three-quartera of a mile, where it unites v/ith another of about equal size, flowing southwards Into u h'Jcc which euiptie^ itself intn the middle lake of Kashahgawig- amo'jr. From this beavc; meadow, Southward.^, the line pas.ses through a beauti- ful tonirue nf hind formed by Soyers' Lake to the West, nnd Knshahgawigamog to the South and EuaL Tho soil is a rich, sandy loam, with clay bottom, and yields heavy fimhoi-, chiefly haul wood of tho usual kind. From Kashahgawi^r- amog to Mr. Lindsay'n line the kind is undulating, and in some cases a little broken ; the soil in similar to that deicribed as lying North of the lake, and the !mher also the same. This line measured 651 chains 98 links, ditlering only 9 links from that between Dysart and Dudley. ** Having confined myself in the ibregoin?f part of this Kepoiltowhat hascomo under my own observation, I ahull now brieHy review the whole, including the ex- plorers' daily reports. I will conimonco with "The Township of Mixdkn. — It contains more firood land than any iu my sur- vtty ; the Boil ie geii'Tally n sandy loaib : it ia advantageously intersected by lake* Cedar and fiolaant ne, however, th« »f Beech, Maple, I and appears to leasured Irom the letween Harburn may be account. er passes. ifa of Dysart and tGi: The land i.i with Hemlock lis l)Iaee to where ulating—the tim- 1 hardwood ; tho valleys it is deep bout three iriile.s ,'tio'sa is exposed those hills, ia a [iy so. to the dip ii btaiiijh of tile M'le, Rirch, &c. ; p, with a gentio hardwood tim. ,aad ofavera.'(.tir,ii 1. •,,;•. .1 size, flowin;^ Kashah^awiiT. ou,9h a beaiitl- iahn;awigamog ^bottom, and Kashahgawi;?- cases a little lake, and the fering only 9 hat has ootne viding the e*- 41 ind rivers — the iailer affording any amount of wulerpower ; tho timber is chiefly Beech and Map!e : fully CO ptr cent, of the land in tnii Township is well adapted for cultivation. •' St.vnhopk. — The land in this Townsliiij is luorj hilly mid uuduhitiiig, and the eoil generally lighter; North of u chain oi' lnA;.'.s [ireuously iviorrcd to, flowing [into Big liuilikonk, um u series of hardwood ridge.-* of moderate height; the soil jju tho valleyd between theui is very rivli, Ir.it oti theai ii li ;ht and Sitony ; tho liibove water chain ilowi through soveral Inrge cranberry marshes. About 45 per [Ceat. of this Townshiu is .uiiiab'o for fani ing ^lurpo'jei. "i)Y3AUT. — This Tuwuship, immediately EasiofMinden cjiitainsaemrui tracts I of good land uioug its woatoriy and bjiuheriy bountiury ; ihoio i.-i also a goud tract of land north of tho river ilowing out of Dra ' ii'k^i into Kashai gawi^jamog : thi easterly part, however, y.i ^•oii'^rully rou/ii and hilly ; a branch ul' the JJurat idiver before alluded to tknvs throti'^ii tlie Si uth ; art uf t'lu Tow!!'}hi]\ and unites v/ith the principal river flowing out of Kaahah 'awigamog ai)0utl- uii'.ci south of same. The timber is principally hardwood, tlie :ii-ll .sandy and in several jilaccs loamy ; this Township yields about the sumo per ceuiage of nrabie laaJ us tho preceding. "Guii.FoKD. — .\loiig its AVesterly boundary jiartakca of the same undulating character as tiiat adjoining it in Stanhn: e, tov.arJs the North and East, Lowever, it is very ra:i';ii and broken with granite ridgOH in i^Iaces. onvered iih largo atones ; the soil along the valicys and on the sides of home of ihe ridges is toler- able, and the timber of the usual kind-i of hardwood, mixed v/ith Hcir.loek, Bal- sam, and Pine. There are i few large lakes in tl'.e Tov/nship, in which Salmon Trout and othvr kinds of fish are abund.ini : uom MO to 40 }^er O'iut. is adapted for agricultural purposes. "DaoLEY. — Along iu Westerly boundary is brol;en- Drag Like and its sur- rounding ridges are in tho Westerly part of thi;? Townau'i) ; the Easterly part is very good, and contains large tracts of oxcelicnt huid, tho soil is a sandy loam, the timber chiefly hardwood, with a good proportion of Hemlock and Pine ; fully ■iO per cent, of thii Township ii ;;ood arable land and well suited for farm.3. "Harbuun. — This Township, though rough and broken along its Westerly boundary, gradually becomes more even and uniform towards its Eusteriy extrem- ity ; the timber is of a very mi.Ked kind end not very grr>S5; the soil resembles that of Dudloy, and woukl averu^e nearly tiie same per C'ntage. "HAtiCGLur. Thcie are souiC- good tract-> of I'lnd ulon;; iho Noith a.id \Ye;'.t of this Township ; an extensive I'iae vallev is situate in the Easterly part, stretch- ing Northwards ir.to iJruion; the soil is reneially light and sandy but of consid- erable depth in places; towards iho ooullierly p.irt of the Tovmship the land is broken and the timber also is inferior. The York fJiauch of the Mndawaska River flows lin'ou;?,h the N. E. corner of this Townsliip. T!:o percentage of arable land is about 35. "liuL'TON. — Tlio westerly part of this Township i;, covered chiefly with hard- wood timber, in places it is low and swamjiy; the Easterly p.irt b for the most part, coverec widi WLii'i and Norway Pi.ie ; 'Am soil iss.uid ii'id gei.erally fri.-e of rocks and stonorj ; from 40 to 45 jier cent, cf luis Township is capable of being cultivated. Having thu3 reviewed tho eigh; Townships, coiMprirfin^' th;; Mrvoy with which I havn been favurod, staling us near us po.s;.ib!e tho pioporiions of "gof d aud bad laud, the de.sc:iption and quality ol tlio tin ber and .soil, it is my (pinion that at least 40 per cent, of the whole is adapted for immeuiaie cultivation; besides, a large proportion would, ia the comae ot ttrne, be rondt^red avftilable." 42 THE TRADE OF PETERBOROUGH. lit; ' \ n! ■ I II The reputation which the commercial men of the Town of Peterborough h»v« hitherto borne in the great mercantile centres of the Province is an important iu- dicalion of the commercial stab.lity of the place. No Town in Upper Canada ha3 secured, and none has deeaived a higher standard of credit. One of the prin- cipal elements of this success h unquestionably the large lumber trade which has been carried on in its vicinity- Duriiig the year 1860, no less than thirty-fivo tnillioHB of feet of lumber were exported from the Town of Peterborough alone, which at the estimate whioli v,-e have accepted elsewhere, was v.orth at the mills $280,000. How tlioroug'.ily thij money is distributed, and how greatly therefore it contributes to the trade oftli" Tuwii, n ajinarent from ibo number of bunds the mills immediately in its vicinity employ. They number three hundred and fiity four, earning monthly about eight thousand dollara, or annually about ninety-five thousand. This money is all spent in the stores of the Town ; and it does not include the cost of tcuminir, the large numb.'r of horses employed, and therefore does not represent the entire trade which springs directly from this large business in our vicinity. Besides thii important element in the trade of the Town, the business which Kprings from the manufacture of s,\ ^''^ timber deserves to be considered. The number of men employed in this branch of industry during the winter of 18G0-G1 was probable upwards of one thousand, and their wages amounted to about two hundred and forty thousand dollars. The larger portion of this money, however, it is proper to observe, is not spent in Peterborough for the simple reason that the men are usually paid off in Quebec after the timber has been either ssold or safely stowed away in one of the numerous coves. But this is more than made up by the supplies which th" lumber morchawt requires for his shanties during the winter; so that it is not an overosiiniate to say that the direct circulation of money in the Town in consequence of the square timber trade is not less than a quarter of a million of dollars. These branches of business have generally, from the prominence that has been given to them, been regarded as the principal, and indeed sometimes ns the otily mainstays of the trade of t'le Town; and hence the temporary depression of tbia lumber trade in consequence of (he civil war iu the United States, and of the timber trade in consequence of Mic depression which has prevailed during the present year, has tended very greatly to weaken that conlidence, which was lor. merly so strong, in our advancement and stability. The figures given show how unwise it would be in any way to underestimate the imp irtant bearing which these branches of industry have upon the trade of the Town. Yet it ought not to bo f'lrgottcn that wilho'.it them Peterborough possesses elements of prosperity which are quite equal to those enjojed by the majority of Upper Canadinn Towns.— Deducting fho entire s(juare and board lumber statistics, from those of the man. ufftctureg of the County, aod we have still left (he sum of 1623,279, hs the vftlud ofi :ili I 'jl'i il Hi V» 43 that has been iGs ns the only 'i-ession oftbia 'S; and of tho ed during the ''hich was Tor. 'en show how S which these ^ht not to bo sporiijr which nil Towns.— of tho man. R» tho vftlm, of nianufttctures. At least two-thirds of them belong to the Town, r,o that ot the lowest caloulation, our manufacturing industry, indcpf.-ndcnt of the lumber trade in all ii3 brancbcii, contributes to the commercial prosperity of tho Town, some four hundred thousand dollare. And besides the important bearing which our manufacturing industry has upou the trade of Pc'.erborough, it ought not to bo foigotten, as sometimes there appears a tendency to do, that ue possess in tho fine agricultural distiiit by which we are surrounded, an clement of prosperity which alone has contributed and now coiitributos 10 the existence of tho majority of Upper Canadian Towns. It will be seen by a reference to our Agricultural statistics, that the value of produce during the year 1860, was $1,023,197 75. And the Towii of Peterborough is so situated that it draws more largely upon this produce for ita tiade than at first sight might appear. There is no competing Town of any impoitance within twenty-eight miles of Peterborough ; and although a portion of the produce of the eastern part of the County may find its outlet through other channels, we draw from the Township of Cavan in the County of Durham, and the Township of Emily in tho County of Victoria, both old and wealthy Townshipj, a more than compensating supply. As to tlie imports Into the Town of Peterborough no data exists by which an accurate estimate can be formed. The general estimate, made by persons who are quite iamiliar with the trade, is that the imports amount in value to about six hundred thousand dollars. This is probably somewhat below tho mark, but even assuming it at cigbt thousand dollars, the balance of trade is largely in favor of tlie Town. The exports during 1860, amounted at the lowest estimate to np- ■wards of a million and a quarter of dollars, leaving the balance in favour of the town between four and five hundred thousand dollars. That portion of our imports ft-hich reaches us through the Custom House, can of course be r.scertained without diffi- culty. From a statement furnished us by the obliging Custom House Officer, Mr. Fortye, we glean the following as the quarterly returns of imports: — Imports. Duties. . 1st Quarter, 1800. .. .121,362 $3,09:5 80 2nd " " 24,680 4,757 05 $|| •' <' 24,975 4,592 .30 4P " " 37,668 5,339 80 Total 1860 108,685 17,782 95 A comparison of the imports in bond with those of Cobourg and Port Hope, both of which Towns appear upon tho Census returns as possessing a larger pop- ulation than Peterborough, affoids proof of the fact, frequently asserted on behalf of the latter place, that its population as returned in the Census is not a fair crite- rion of its real position. The figures for the three Towns respectively for 1860, were as follows : — P(;terborough $108,685 $1 7,782 95 Port Hope 108,191 12,408 89 Cobourg 116,429 11,28169 ■I i Showing that the nxcess of duties collected in Peterborough nvcr Port Hope in 1860, was $o:ili Ofi ; or about fortjr-lhrcc rmd u lialf per cent, aud over Cobourg of $G.jOI no, or about fortj-spven and tv'Othirds per ceiit. From these factH it will bo soon that the trade of the Town of Peterborough is already nuch a.s to give it a hi^rh comniercial ))Ositiot» among (.'annd'ian Tov.'np, And when it is remembered that this trade is of comparatively recent growth ; that it has been produced not by any hot bed system of forcing or speculative mania, but is the fair resu'ts of the demands of the community within and Hurroimding it ; that the country which contributes to f Ini; trade is aniiualiy enlarging in area, by the yearly clearances that take place, and in productiveness by tho improved systems of cul- tivation that are being introduced ; that new und important sources of prosperity are being opened up by the settlement of the immense region of country in rear of the old limits of the County of Peterborough ; that the immense facilities for raanufacturitig purposes whieb iho Otouabee river presents cannot long remain without being taken advantage of, now that a fostering tarift' justifies capitalists in investing their money in mauufactnrea, we say when thi^se things are considered, no one can doubt that the Town has a long career of solid prosperity and ad- vancement to look forward to with confluence. If in the publication and circulation of this Exhibit of the progress and re- sources of the County, the compiler has contributed ought to its prosperity and thence to the greater development and enlargement of tho trade o'" the Town, he is well repaid for his labour. It is in the hope that a greater famil irity with the position of tlic County of Peterborough, and a consequent higher appreciation of the advantages it presents to intending settlers, especially to settlers having cap- ital to invest, may conduce to its continued advancement that he has undertaken the work. May it prove successful in its mission. M ^M f M liiii I Ul: ADDENDA. By a statement published in the Quebec Morning Chronicle, purporting to be oflSeiai, of the Census of the Province, the County of Peterborough is set down aa having a population of 21.631. In this Exhibit it is stated at 23,249. The dif- ference arises from the fact that the figures as given in the Chronicle, are the number of names on the sheet. By the instructions to enumerators, persons tem- poral ily absent from home had to be set down with all the extensions; persona found within the County, but residing permanently without its limits, were also to be given, but without the extensions other than the place of their residence In the County of Peterborough during the winter season, a very large uu:uber of per- sons are employed in the woods in lumberinjr, and as these are mostly Lower Canadians, or lumberers from the Glengarry District, they come under the latter class, and ought not to be counted as beion^'ing to the population of the Connty. They will go to swell the population of the districts where they permanently reside, and hence to count them here as well would be to connt them twice in the same Cflnsns. ^« -') fl CROWN LANDS REGULATIONS. 45 kr Port Hope in |i'i ovor Cobourg |PeterI)orough is mnrllan Townp. 'r:t,^;rowth;lhat itivc mania, but f'>'«nclin^r it . tiiat [ci^fJiythe^-early sjstetns ofcul. 38 of prosperity pouutry in rear ise facilities for A long remain es capitalists in tire considered, spfi-ity and ad- ogicss and re- prosperity and tiie Town, he ^litj with the appreciation of '13 having cap- ias undertaken porting to be sset down as i.y- Thedif. ^cle, are the persons lem- 'ns; persons were also to 3idence In :uber of per- ostly Lower 61' the latter the Connty, Jntly reside, n the same I ^ REGULATIONS FOR THE SALE AND MANAGEMENT OP THE PUBIiIC IsilNDS APPROVED BV - r His Excellency the Govefnor General in Council. 1. That the lands in Townships which have already been delineated orshall hereafter be delineated on Survey by the exterior lines only, may be oflFered for sale en bloc on the loUowing terms, viz. : 2. That the price shall be one half dollar per acre, payable at the time of sale. 3. That the purchaser shall cause the landi to be surveyed at his own ex- pense into lots comprising either one hundred or two hundred acres of land m each lot', and on the north shore of Lake Huron into quarter sections of 160 acres each, except in spots where the configuration of the Township may render such exact quantities impracticable, and then as near to those allot- ments as possible. 4. That such Survey shall be made by a duly licensed Provincial Land Surveyor approved of by the Commissioner of Crown Lands and acting under his instructions, who shall make his return with Field Notes, &c., Ac, in the usual method observed by Surveyors, to be also approved of by the Depart- ment. 5. That one third of the quantity of land in the Township shall he settled upon within two years from the time of sale ; one third more settled upon within the following five years, that is seven years from the time of sale ; and the residue within the further period of three years, i. e., ten years from the date of sale; the settlement required being tha. there shall be at least one ■iT 46 CROWN LANDS REGTTLATIONS. BOXA KiDK settler in authorised uccupatiun for every two hundred acres of land ; all lands not ho settled at the expiration of ten years from the time of sale to become forfeited and revert to the Crown absolutely, except such portions thoniof as shall be found unfit for settlement, or such portions as are of very inferior ((uality and by reason thereof have remained unoccupied, in respect to which the Governor in Council may, upon application, dispense with the forfeiture and cause the same to be conveyed to the original pur- chaser or his assignee. C. A contract of Sale to be made with the purchaser from the Crown sub ject to the foregoing ;md following conditions; but Patents for the land to issue only to the occupants of the lots purchased deriving claim under the vendee of the Crown, or to the assignees claiming under such pnrchiisers and occupants who shall have complied with the conditions of settlement herein- after mentioned, upon a certificate or other evidence that they have paid such vendee or his assignee or complied with the Contract with him, for or in regard to such particular lot ; and upon evidence that the part^ applying, or some one under whom he claims, has been a resident on the said lot for at least two years continuously, and that upon the same (not exceeding two hundred acres) at least ten acres for each one hundred acres have been clear- ed and rendered fit for cultivation and crop, and have been actually under crop, and that a habitable house in dimensions at least sixteen by twenty feet is erected thereon, and upon payment of the sum of four dollars as Pa- tent Fees to cover expenses, &c. The nature and description of proof above referred to to be settled and prescribed by the Commissioner of Crown Lands. 7. All lands which shall under the foregoing conditions revert to the Crown, shall be exposed to sale at Public Auction at such times and places and on such upset price an the Commissioner of Crown Lands shall fix. 8. That in Townships which have been surveyed and laid out into lots, and where lands are now offered for sale at four shillings per acre, or where no lands have as yet been offered for sale, and in Townships under survey or yet to be surveyed into lots, lands be sold under the following regulations, to wit : 9. That lands be sold for cash at seventy cents per acre and on time upon the following terms, viz : one dollar per acre ; one fifth to be paid at the time of sale, and the remaining four-fifths in four equal annual instalments with interest on the purchase money unpaid. - -i^Ti.. . t- , u 10. That when the lands in a Township have remained open for sale for one year after jiublic notice thereof, the lands unsold at the expiration of that period shall, at a time to be fixed, and after reasonable notice given by the Commissioner of Crown Lands, be offered for sale by Public Auction at the upset price fixed for their sale as above, or at such other upset price as under special circumstances may be named by the Commissioner of Crown Lands; and that such public sales of all lands which shall remain unsold in the mean time shall take place semi-annually at times to be named therefor by the Commissioner of Crown Lands until the whole of the lands in the Township shall have been disposed of; the lands remaining unsold after any such public sale to continue open for private sale at the said upset price un- til the period of one week next before the time at which the next public sale shall take place. n CROWN L.UNDS REGULATIONS. 4T fired acres of the time of except such portions as unoccupied, Mon, dispense [original pur- Crown sub r the land to [m under the irchaaers and .inent herein- 7 have paid , 1 him, for or ' rty applying, ', aid lot for at feeding two i ebeen clear- ! stually under ' n by twenty I ollars ns Pa- ' proof above <■ of Crown , evert to the s and places ' lall fix. j nto lots, and j or where no i er survey or J ^ulations, to j 1 time upon paid at the instalments f»r sale for pi ration of ? given by Auction at }t price as of Crown unsold in I therefor ds in the after any price un- ablic sale 1 1 . Tiiai all luts of land which shall have hoen offercil as " Free Grants " and shall not have been located and occupied at the expiration ot one vcar from tht' time tho same shall have been so offered, shall no longer remain as '• Free Grants," hut shall be open for private sale or shall lie exposed to Iiiihiic sale by Auction as part of the lands in tho Township in which tho same arc situate, and upon the Karao terms an otiior lands thoreni. 12. That all lauds (except those now exem[,f' shall bo uibject to settle- mcnt duties, and no Patent in any case (even t..cjugh the land be j>ai(l f r in full at the time of purchase) shall issue for any such land to any pei-son who shall not by himself, or the peison or persons under whom he claims have taken possppslon of su;h land within six months from the time of sale, and shall from that time continuously have been a bona kidk occupant of, and resident on the land for at least two years, and have cleared and rendfred fit for cultivation and crop and had under crop within four yeaiu at farthest from the time oi sale of the land, a quantity thereof in the proportion of at least ten acres to every one hundred acres, and have erected thereon a house hab- itable and of the dimensions at least of sixteen by twenty feet. 1!?. That all other lauds not cmbrneed in the foroi?oii;g cate;,'ory be ex- posed to sale by Public Auction annually, or In the discretion of tho Com- missioner of Crown Lands half yearly, for cash, at such times and places and at such upset piices as tho Commissioner of Crown Lands shall fix. 11. That the lands known as "Clergy Reserves" be sold ou the same terms and in the same maimer as other public lands in the Townships in which they respectively lie. 15. That promy)t payment in all cases be made of the essence of the con- tract, and any default to boon pain of forfeiture of all previous jmyments and of all ri^ht in the lands. 16. That in cases of sales already made, payment of arrears be required, and that public notice be given in the Official Gazette, and through the usual channels, that unless such arrears be paid within twelve months from the first of January, 1859, the land in respect of whica default shall continue will be resumed by the Crown and resold, and that in regard to all [)urchase moneja and interest hereafter to fall due, prompt payment will be exacted. 17. That the system of recognizing unauthorized occupation of land com- monly known as "Squatting," be discontmued, subject to the following pro- visions, viz : That public and general notice be given by the Crown Lauds Department, that no claim to preemption by reason of such occupation will be entertained after the first day of September next, and that no claim to such pre-emption not now in a state to be admitted can be made good by any act of the party hereafter, and that therefore his labor will be thrown away. That the prices above fixed for lands shall apply to Upper Canada only. The prices of lands in Lower Canada shall be regulated by Orders in Coun- cil from time to time. P, M. VANKOUGHNET, Commissioner. Crown Lands Department, Toronto, 13th January, 1859. GENERAL AD\'ERTISEMENTfl. U-V PETERBORO' REVIEW, A WBSEI.? PkntL, ^nlilisljpli Cflprp ^riktj 3ftiorning, By T. & R. WHITE, AT THEIR OFFICE, " NEW MARKET BLOCK," ■ f ■- ■ ■. AT PAYABLE STKICTLY IN ADVANCE. The Review is the largest paper published in Canada, outside of the Cities. As an advertising medium it is universally recognised ns the best paper, hav- ing by far THB X.ARaB8T CIRGITXiATZON Of any newspaper published within the United Counties. The Review aims at being essentially A LOCAL PAPER, furnishing the reader with full information on matters of interest transpiring within the Counties. But at the same time, such selections of Foreign and Provincial '^' News will be made, as will keep the public well informed upon the - aSNBRAZ. NfiWS OF TBB DAT. T'ae Office is fitted up with one of riuc a LMnyc: biLiiiiicK rnbdoco and a small LIGHTNING JOB PRESS, and is thus admirably adapted for the execution of BOOTi ATVD JOB miNTINQ-; The public may depend upon having all such work performed in a workman- like manner, nnd at prices as low as in any other office in the Counties. ^k BOOK BINDERY is also attached to the Establishment, under the Saperintendance of a first class Binder. GENERAL ADVEUTISEMENTS. O |W, Irning, .OGK," of the Cities, t paper, hav- les. arnishing the P wiihin the i Provincial pon the ^ O f ft rably i workman- /ounties. under the If Ha« ploasurc in inftutnin;,' IiIh FRIENDS AND TH(L PUBLIC, THAT ins MIILS AUi: liN I III.L OPI KATION, and that hi* will lir.> r;lu(i to allcnd to tlio calld of old uiid new cuatomers. 1 'articular nttculioii will as formerly Ix? paid to CiTMS'riN'Ci AM) C'lTWTOM WOKK, and srood fresh I'louiul FAMILY 1 LOCIJ, will In' kept on hand for retailing, wliich will be dcliv I'lcd at any [ilaic in l'('t''rl)orouj;n or AHhhurnham, upon orders biiiij,' left («ith the nionev) at the Mills or at hia store. U. D. ROGERS. Ashburnhain, l^fil. I1EM.ER3 IS GROCERIES, DKY GOODS, CROCKERY, &C., Geor«e Htvrct, T'ct«>r1)oroii|»;li, C'. W. DKALER IN DRY GOODS, Groceries, Ready-made Clothing, &c., ciKORGi: STREKT, pi:ti;kbohough, c. w. jrifS MOLONEY, inmx, 'llmif nnli Ijiiiit JfKmjinni EVrRYTIlINCi IN lUS UNH KKPT ON HAM) OF Till: I'lRST QUALITY. No. 3 Burvham's Block, George Street, Pp.terboro', C. W. dijzojrGij^ j^. cox:, Photo CABINET, CHAIR & UPnOLSTERY AGENT FOR THE $AIE OF HOIOEN&COLBY'S PATENT CLOTHES WAINGERS. Comer of George and Sherbrookc Streets, I^eterboroiiijli, C W E . X^ O O T^ It: , Grateful for past support, would inform the jmblic that lio continues to man- ufacture and keep on hand l-'niNiTi itK anl Cabinkt Waiik of every descrip- tion, and of the most inodern styles. His i''uniiturc Factory being fitted up with all the recent improvements in Labou Savix(i MACHtNEiiY, and none bui, the best workmen bcitij; employed, ho id confident orbein;^ able to supply a superior article at iirices as low as any liouse In rppei- Caiia OES, ^'f oee. [AND. )rough. GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. ft SADDLKll, II AIINKSS c\: Ti:UNK MAKER, &r., IJKOHVi: mTUKKT, FKTKHUOHO, €. W*. A lari^e supply of Siiddlp;*, Harness, Ac., nwulo of the bt'st inatori*!, kept constantly on hand. JAMES BEST OKAI.KK IN I > t * (^ ^ oobs, IS .e toccrtcs, Ilowa'a Brick Buildine:, Oeor^e Btreat, Peterborot O. W. ^tocfictg, if. Id: . X* o o J^ E , (Corner of Sherbrooke and (ieorgc Streets.) Funerals furnished and attended— Coffins always kept on hand. ( TrAitGi.s modehatl;. 'GREGOK'S IXVIIRT ST.!. ! 1, LEWIS M'GREGOU, I'loprietor. Stable in rear of the American Hotel, Peterborough. ; Good Horses and Vehicles, and ' ul hostlers. —Prices Moderate. V, J^. SI T 1^: >V A R, T , RK.XI,ER IN Cooking, Box aod Parlor Stoves, Tin, Copper and Oeorge Street, Xorth of Hunter Street, Peterborough, C. W. Grocer^ Provision Dealer aad Liquor seller. KINGSTON ALE, BY THE GALLON AND QUART. COIINF.R OF GKe:i^tistr.y^. John O'DonneH, Junr. DEJYTISr. In Feterboro' fromlSthto the last of every Month. OFFICE IN burnham's BLOCK, OPrOglTE THE " REVIEW '' OFFICE, HMIOHaB STMtEMiV, fMSTEnBOltO, C ¥f*. Refirences — Dr. Leggo, Dentist, Brockville ; Dr. McCrea, Keeue ; Thomas White, Jr., Esq., Editor of Review, Peterliorough. "YOUR PATRONAOK IS RESPECTFULLY SOLICITED." B9 a OENEttAL ADVBUT18EMENT8. Cower 0/ G«>rge and&rock^re^ . ^AISSE'S HOTEL, , « —/» afreet Pp*ertorougli,C.w. , opposite the ««!«*, ^'«,«^^;tn,re.U.::£aSX£I335S3s Scott's Suildius, Sinicoo S?street, Peterboroueli, C. "W. PAUTICCLAB ATTENTION I'AID TO CHII.DUEN's HAIR CUTTING. BARNARD'S Anti-corrosive corrugated metallic Fens. "To & Mo WMUl^Il, are the sole Agents for the bale of these Pens for the United Counties of r*KTEI«,]BOIlOUOH ATSTD VICTORIA.. The Corrugated Metal Pens do not corrode — they ^^■ill not spatter or cut through the thinnest paper — they hare an easy gliding motion, a certainty of equally diffusing the ink, softness of point and g»eat durability. They are now used in all the principal Banking and Commercial Houses, and by Prof ssional men everywhere ; and have been universally commended by the Pt-ess as decidedly the best pen yet offered to the public. Sold in boxes of one gross each at $2 ; or at 25 cents a dozen. Orders from a distance will be punctually attended to. 60 GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. LiS^^Y^ T(li)[^©a)Tr ^ ©©op DKAI.Ens IN I>ry 0-oole and Fettkcy, READY-MADE CLOTHING, BOOTS, SHOES. &c. &c., Corner of Hunter and George St., Peterboro\ C. W, An immense and well selected Stock, in all the departments, constantlj on hand, und fur sale cheap for cash. H. B. MACDOUGALL, ^ Fancy and Staple ^ Goods, Clothing and Miliineiy ISlf'at&lLIlgifflEllKl^, ■ GHHOUGE: street, I>ETEI1130I10% C. "W, An experienced Milliner always on the premises to take Ladies' orders. Lttocet/ aiiD %tov'i,sloii(Jueaiet/ xianot tJelXetf f0c. GEORGE STREET, PETERBOROUGH. A. W. KEMPT," GEORGE STREET, PETERBOROUGH, IllMIiS mil lllifiliXs IMPORTER AND Pt^ALER, "(jDnoiedaie aiu) tetait in Xaleut t/!Cet)iclue DEALER, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, IN Hats, Caps, Ladies' aod Gentlemen's Furs, &o., &c.f HIGHEST PRICE PAID FOR ALL KINDS OP FURS. Scoifs Building, George Street, Peterborough, GENERAL ADVERTISKMEXT8. 61 TEMPLETON BROWN, WATeHMAKEH AID JIWELBE, AND DEAI.EK IN Watches, Clocks, Jewelry, Cutlery, t/Retc»auia aiit) t/aiicii xirc.*, fJeaatd/ ^c, SHEET MUSIC FOB S ^LE or FBOCUIIED to ORDER. VIOLINS, FLUTES, Ac, &c., KEPT CONSTANTLY ON HAND. SeHt "Violin Strings for Sain. MARKET BLOCK, PETERBOROUGH, C.W. SASH, BLINDS, DOOES AND MOULDINGS, AND EVERY DESCRIPTION OF , ' EXECUTED TO ORDER. Shingles out either on Shares or by the Thousand. WILLIAM TOOIE. (tJ^Pactory on the River side next door North of Maityn's Mill.^;;:j) GEORGE MITCHELL^ AGENT FOR iiCidis I yfl Q aurSfiiUin r\iHyd i uii ALtj FOR SALE by the BARREL or HALF BARREL. GEORGE STREET, PETERBOROUGH. B. & E. GREEN, Bakers, Grocers, Crockery and Provision Dealers, COMMISSION MERCHANTS, ^c, ^c. GEORGE STREET, PETERBOROUGH. (S3 GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS, CA^Ii v's^l^^l'ii'kllJ MONEY 8xVVi;D, GOOD VALUE GlVll I clllol»itui aDOet) lo <(3C vixce c CiOoDii !o iiiafctj up ot vaD 4)ebt«J/ a»;^ oiilii one mice. Wm. ^ImU^T^^N, Keeps constantly on hand a very large and complete stock of Uim^ II.ICK1«, W. CLUXTON. George Street, Peterborough, C. W. oeneral advertisements. BOOKSEIXl^RS AND STATIONERS, l*«'t«>rbor<)Uiih, C. W'. CnnsUmtly on hnnd School Hoolis, ull used in tlit* diirercnt Schools, Account Hooks, Wnippiii;,' Pii; or, Envelofies, Ink. Wiiiin>{ I'liper, Diawin;^ I'ttjipr, Steel Pens, Shilos, Pencils, Blank Deeds, Mort;,'a;,'es, Leusen, itc. Also, AND PAPER RITLED TO ANY PATTERN. All orders for Periodicals, LJooky, and anything in our line, will receivo prompt attention. A liberal discount made to merchanla, school teachers, ministers and libraries. — f TOWN AND PAKK LOTS. The undersigned has about 100 v;iluablo 'I'own and F*ark Lots tor sale in and adjiceiit to the Town of Peterborough. fJEO. DUNSb'ORD, Solicitor. Au excellent lot of land foi- .sale, within 7' inilen of tlie Toavh ot'X^indLs^a/y being Lot No. 2 in the 7tU t'oncussion of Verulura. It will be sold cheap and OQ easy terma. Apply to M. DUNSFORD, Solicitor, Lindsay. Hiauix ^ liilJbullia Ox lA^xxiufiiH " AND FASHION PLATES. The subscribers are agents i:>r the above, for the County of Peterborough. W. & G. JOIINSTOI^, Tailors and Cloihiers, Water Street. iMONTUElAL (JHF.AP (ASH STOKE. CDtii Ci ooDj Cj tocetieS aiw c/\^eaDu-iiiaD ■ CicluUut. Dickson's new Building, George Street, Peterborough, C. W. 64 GEKERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. X^T^ N^NfNi IS013MIST HAMHILTOKr, IMPORTER OF c^' tiiettcati natvtx'atef ^bttliMlf ^^ 66 GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. (3^, W. CLUX IOW. AGENT, PETg BBOBO, C. W. UVERPOOL & LONDON FTRE & LIFE Capital, £2,000,000, Sterling. BRITISH AMERICA Capital, $4,000,000. WESTERN INSURANCE C0MPAN7. ©aipuM^ $f ,(Q)(D(D,(D)(D(Do BRITANNIA LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY CAPITAL, £1,000,000, STERLING. COAL OIL AND COAL OIL LAMPS, FOR SALt: VERY CHEAP BY T. Ac IT. TI^IXITE. West half 7 and 8 in the 8th Concession, Burleigh, 11 and 12 in the 7th €00." HARVEV. 2.East i 8, 9, Sonth ^ 10, 15, 11, 13 and 14, in the 6th Concession; 17, 18, 19, 20 in the 14th Cuncessiou ; IH, 21, in the 15th Concession. Apply to D U M M E R . West ^ 9 in the 9th Coi.cession. J. C. HUGHSON, Peterborough. GENERAL ADVERTTSEMETTTS 6T WALKERFIELD *n PETERBOROUGH. The subscriber has for sale at his Nursery an assortment of FKUI T TliEE8, comprising all the leading varieties, suited to this climate, o( Apples. Pears, Plums, Cherries; also, Strawbenies, Gooseberries, Currants,Ra8pberri«S; &c., together with ORNAMENTAL TREES, Flowericg Shrubs, Herbaceous Plants, Bulbona Boots, Dahlias, &c., &c« « AND A FING COLLECTION OF Also, very choice varieties of Sed.dLing' out Plants, CONSISTING or Verbenas, Petunias, Heliotropes, Geraniums, 8fc,, Sfc. The above is all the growth of this County being raised at the Nursery, and therefore better SUITED TO CANADIAN SOIL AND CLIMATE. d^The Grounds being open to visitors, personal inspection is invited before orderiug elsewhere. J. W. GILMOUR. Walkerfield Nursery and Gardens, on ) Peterborough and Monaghan Gravelled Road. ) 68 GENERAL ADVERTISEMENTS. ORMOND & GILMOUli, Dealers in Genuine Drugs and Patent Medicines, Perfumery, Spices, Hair, Nail and Tootb-Brushes, Smelling and Toilet Bottles, Fancy Soaps, Culinary Essences, &c,, &c.. OSOROS STREET, PETERBOROUGH. VALUiBLE U18 FOR SALE. The following Lands, which are unclenred, are well worth (he natice of persons wishing to purchase farms, valuable both as to situation and produc- tiveness, many of them near to Mills and steamboat navigation (4 steamers passing daily) and near to Bobcaygeon and Feiielon Falls. The Cordwood will pay for cleaning the latid. P