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Un tic:, symbolas suivants apparaitra sur la darniAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: la symbols »^ signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN ". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartas, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmAs A des taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour #tre raproduit en un seul clichA, il est film* A partir de Tangle supirieur gauche, de gauche A droite. et de haut an bas, an prenant le nombre d'images nicessaira. Las diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. ata lure. : 2X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 K\.,l VANCOUVER THE VOYAGER. The Pacific Ocean haying, as it nppoiws, Ijceu very wantonly clisturbod by an aggi'ossiou altogether in- consistent with ita name, wo may aptly beguile half an hour with a rotrospoot of ciroumstunces more immediately connoctod with tho spot where this invasion has threatened tho pottco of kindred peoples. We will shut out politics as mnch as prac- ticable, though it is impossibJo to bo blind to the scandal of risking so rauoU of human happiness for tho sake of outrage in so bad a cause — a cans s, too, which could not bo advauood towards a jnst ar- rangement by the moans omployotl. Here wo arc vurtlod by i\ glauco back at the earlier times when those oouHts became known to us; when tho illustrious Drako explored tho Pacific to that very dogroo of north latitude upon which this oifenco has boon oomuiittod, and gave the name of Now Albion to shores now ceded to tho Stars and Stripes, but with which, it seems, tho owners of that onsign aro not yet contented. Two centuries elapse, and Spain has occupied the land and seaboard ; our nest noblo figure is the gallant and ill-fated Cook, who was murdered by the savages at OwhyhoQ, on Valontino's day, thus saddening the merry q\up, that it was all right the Sandwich Islands should bo disoovorcd by a Cook! But alas ! the retrospect is dinuuod when wo dis- cern so many of tho bravest of tho bravo of British sailors flitting like ghosts atiiwart tho gloom, and remember how thoy have porishod in the service of their country, upholding tho glory of her flag, maintaining tho honour of kor name, or spreading tho blessings of scionco, civiliaation, and Chris- tianity over the uttermost otu'ncrs of the earth. Of Captain Cook's three sons, all wore dead within fourteen years after their father* s loss ( and two of them found their graves in tho olcnvont his daring career so splendidly distinguished. George Van- couver was a midshipman on board his ship tlio "Re- solution," and partook in all tho labours and perils r 80 Vxi.NCOUVER THE VOYAGER. of her encircling tlic globe. His own -was the next turn, and at the close of the year 1790 he was prepared for a " voyage of discovciy to the North Pacific Ocean, and round the world." In January, 1791, he sailed from the Thames in command of the " Discovery," sloop of war, manned by a hundred officers and men, and armed with ten four-pounders and ten swivels, and the " Chatham," armed tender (Lieutenant Brough ton), with a crew forty-five in all, and four three-pounders and six swivels. There were twenty-t vo marines in this force ; for the half nni-avelled tangle about Nootka Sound, and the un- -corfcainty as to a pleasant understanding with the Spaniards, rendered some precautions necessaiy — not to Bpeak of the dangers fi'om treacherous In- -dians and cannibals abhon'ed. Not to put a girdle round the earth in forty minutes, but diligently to survey and examine the least, if at all, known parts of the North Pacific, in four years, was the task undertaken by this dis- tinguished navigator. And well was it performed. On his return to his native land, in 1795, such had been his care of his men that only one had died of disease, and four were lost by accidents, to which there was an. endless and often almost despe- rate exposure, during four years and eight months and twenty-nine daj-s. We love the seaman's par- ticularity: it is the sure sign of truth. And all this, and much more, is recorded in the three now vener- able quartos, published in 1798, edited by John Vancouver, in consequence of the recent death of his brother, who had corrected the press to page 288 of the third volume, and ari-anged the sequel, without being permitted by Providence to see the end of his exhaustive toils and exertions. An in- teresting folio of charts and views accompany the text ; and the copy we have referred to is not made less attractive by having the autograph " Jos. Baxks," another of the famed companions of Cook, inscribed on the fly-leaf. As we have now ascertained that no navigable communication exists between the North Pacific and North Atlantic Ooe, ns, (whatever may soon be engineered by the short route of Panama,) Captain Vancouver was for a season chiefly engaged on his mission to Nootka Sound, and aboiit Otaheite and the adjacent isles, making elaborate boat soundings, laying down charts, and, now and then, encounter- ing the hostilities of the natives. Bows and arrows, and spears sixteen feet long pointed with iron, were not to be despised in the hands of these ferocious hordes, even by the wieldors of fire-arms ; and, if it came to close combat, every waiTior had an iron dagger in a sheath, suspended from his neck, and looked as terrible as he could iii his war clothes of strong hides, not unlike our modern cuirassiers, and painted up to the pitch of the appalling ! And then the ladies among some of the tribes, with a slit below and parallel to the under lip, and capable of being ornamented with a wooden platter, fully three inches in circumference, and producing any- thing but a graceful appearance, were hardly less imposing. We remember a party of these Indians exhibited in Bond Sti'eet some thirty years ago. The male was stout and active : the female, pji acknowledged belle and beanty, hideous, with two mouths when she took the platter out, and more frightful when, with it in, she offered her lips for a salute "fter the English fashion. She was also vain of six or eight cicatrices upon her bronzed person, above the knees, which were testimonials of so many gashes made in honour of conquests she had achieved among the heroes of her tribe. Having disposed of the matters referred to, Cap- tain Vancouver addressed himself to the discovery and accurate survey of the coast between California and the Russian settlements, but principally be- tween the forty- seventh and fifty- second or fifty- third degrees of north latitude, where lies the island which now bears his name, though originally con- joined to that of Quadra. About this island, be- tween it and the main land, New Albion, and on the main land itself, his gi'eatest pains were be- stowed ; and from Queen Charlotte's Sound at the northern extremity, to the Sti'aits of Tuan de Fuca at the south, he opened and determined a new region of geographical information, little dreaming of the Pactolus river, Fraser, which floAvod into the middle of his course. At this time the aforesaid straits arc spoken of and mapped as "the supposed;" for there is no reason to believe that ever De Fuca passed them and found an inland sea, any more than Mr. Robert Grnj, of the Boston ship " Wash- ington," rumoured to have accomplished the same exploit, but who, being met with and consulted by Vancouver in April, 1792, stated that he had entered the supposed straits, and found a pas- sage five leag\ics wide, and had been told by the natives that the opening extended a considerable distance northward, which was all he knew of an inland sea. On the last day of the same month, our gallant ex- pedition made the latitude 48° 19', penetrated these unknown straits, and proceeded to the exploration of the inteiMor waters, islands, and continent, doym Ad- miralty Inlet sixty or eighty miles southwards, and up the Grulf of Georgia and Queen Charlotte's Sound again into the broad Pacific, having thus circumna- vigated Vancouver Island. Our countrymen, of course, took formal possession of all they saw; but as future treaties regulated these matters, wo need not dwell on them here. An a portion of New Albion has become part of the United States, and Posses- sion Sound is no longer an English possession, it is the simple fact that certain names have lapsed into desuetude. Even Whidbey's Island, between the disputed Juan and the continent, is coloured with the American greim, and Avashcd by Van- couver's Straits ; while Pugct's Bound, and other nominals from officers who traced them in the boats below latitude 48°, are all incorporated with the States. As a diversion from these details, we may throw a glance at the natives, whom the keen competition in trading for furs brought into con- tact with Russians, Spaniards, Americans, and British visitors. One of the most inexplicable things that struck the voyagers, was the erection of poles, some of them a hundred foet high, and surmounted by horns, but the use of which could not be made out. Several of the tribes wei*e very diflcrcnt from the Indians of Nootka Sound. All I yilong t //the nai * Riven t wintry one of some tl filth th( trary, t fleas th YvaS SGI last ceu Whil traffic, played misery, every some pended desert only at to van place 1 ment, pasty usual, ally, the vc scared put it out disgus flesh me7^ ! at hai and t meat, steaks Bui nor ei stores nome: whicli I / d more lips for ras also )ron!5ocl uials of ists slio 1 a new yJlong the mainland tho coast was desolate, and f ftiie name of Desolation Sound was appropriately given to a scene of extraordinary ruggedness and wintry rigour. Hero a boating party ransacked one of the deserted villages, lately inhabited by nomc three hundred persons, from whose rags and filth thoy did not escape unsca^', 3d. On the oon- tvaiy, they were so furiously infested by legions of iteas that they were glad to nish into the sea to oscape from their tormentors; and this was hai-dly a sufficient refuge from the hungry vermin. It is cmious enough, in the way of coincidence, that a very similar visitation occuiTed, only a few months ago, to our Sappers and Miners employed on the commission to mark the boundary line, (the forty- ninth pai-allel of latitude,) in conjunction with the American government. In this case, however, the assailants we.o not fleas, but musquitocs ; and our informant describes them as myriads upon myriads,