IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) h // K- :/. S'i ^n M 1.0 1.25 •u 136 IH u iiii 2.0 ^ 1^ 1.4 1.6 o <^ y] ^> :> ^) V iV ,v Ll>' \\ % M O 'n.^ <<^ Ca CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Kistorical Microreproductions Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 1980 Technical Notes / Notes techniques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Physical features of this copy which may alter any of the images in the reproduction are checked below. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exenplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Certains ddfauts susceptibles de nuire A la quality de la reproduction sont notis ci-dessous. 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The following diagrams illustrate the method: L'exemplaire film6 fut reproduit grdce d la g6n6rosit6 de I'dtablissement priteur suivant : La bibliothdque des Archives publiques du Canada Les cartes ou les planches trop grandes pour dtre reproduites en un seul clich6 sont filmdes d partir de I'angle sup6rieure gauche, de gauche d droite et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Le diagramme suivant illustre la m6thode : 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 •\ ti h ^ CANADIAN IMMIGRATION REPORT BY HON. T. MAYNE DALY OF HIS ? VISIT TO GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND 1896 'Vi i OTTAWA GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAU 1896 A v;v.^^ ( CANADIAN IMMIGRATION RKPORT BY HON. T. .MAYNK DALY OK Ills VISIT TO GHKAT^ BRITAIN AND IRELAND 1896 OTTAWA GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAU 1896 m. Tc an D( pre (Sir tin in exi exc for cor Eu affc Boi anc Gl€ dep be i of c sub_ men enc( affoi invc cord blag of p( the ( impE spee resol color CANADIAN IMMIGRATION To the Honourable R. W. Scori", Acting Minister of the Interior, Ottawa. SlK^ — I have the lionour to submit the report of my recent visit to Great Britain and Irehincl in the interests of emigration to Canada. I sailed from Montreal on the 16th of May by the steamship Labrador, of the Dominion Line, arriving in Liverpool on the evening of Monday, the 2 oth May, and proceedetl next day to London. I called upon the High Commissioniier, Sir Donald Smith, at his oHice, Victoria Street, on the morning of the 2.7th, and saw him several times afterwards, and discussed with him the objects of my mission. During my stay in London I also had several discussions with Mr. J. (J. Colmer, C.^LG., whose long expeiience in office has given him a knowledge of matters affecting emigration which is exceptional, I also held conferences with Mr. Archer Baker, European Tialfic Agent for the Canadian PaciHc Railway, at the Company's offices in London, meeting at these conferences Mr. Haslett, the officer in charge of the Company's Tmmigratiun Bureau in Europe. Both Messrs. Baker and Haslett were fully conversant witli the subject, and afforded me a great deal of useful and valuable information. While in London I had the honour of attending, as a delegate from the Winnipeg Board of Trade, the meeting of the Congress of Ciiambers of Connnerce of the Empire, anil of mo\ing the following resolution upon the subject of emigration ; — " That this Congress views with regret the movement of the surplus population of Great Britain to foreign lands, thus drawing from the strength of the Empire. " That this Congress looks upon such a tendency as not only wasteful to the vital- ity of the Empire, but altogether unnecessary, seeing that the British colonies, and dependencies offer fields for emigration as attractive, if not more attractive, than can be found in any foreign country. " That within the bounds of the British Empire the emigrant can find any variety of climate and reach success in any pursuit, and yet retain all tlu; privileges of a British subject. '' Therefore, this Congress deems it the duty of the Impi al and Colonial Govern- ments, as well as of all patriotic citizens of the Empire, to use every means available to encourage emigration to the colonies." Owing to the resolution being placed near the end of the programme, I was nob afforded as much time as I would have liked for the discussion of the important question involved, but I was gratified to find that the remarks I did make were received most cordially and enthusiastically by the delegates assembled. Composed, as this assem- blage was, of representative business and professional men from all the principal centres of population in England, Scotland and Ireland, and the colonies, I am satisfied that the discussion which followed the introduction of the resolution, and the information imparted by myself and other delegates from Canada, who ably supported me in capital speeches, cannot but have a good and lasting effect. It is unnecessary to add that the resolution passed unanimously, and its adoption was hailed with acclaim by all the colonial delegates present. I made the most of my time in London, meeting and dis- cussing the question of emigration with a large number of gentlemen who were inter- ested in it, not only from the stanilpoint of trying to solve the problem of relieving the niotherlami of its ovei'i;row(i(!d population, and seeing to the transplantirig of its good citizens in a British Colony, but also wiih a view to assisting to till up and people Canada, and thus add to its wealth and material prosperity. From London f prueeeded to Liverpool, where I inspected the offices of Mr. .John J)yk(!, the government agent, whom J regret to say I did not see, as he was absent from Liverpool on sick leave. ^Ir. Mitchell, Mr. Dyke's assistant, I found to be a very capable young man, fully conversant with the affairs of the oHice, and is recognized by steamship, l)oif with other useful and pertineno information about Canada. These sheets, Mr. Iannis informed me, were distributed by Allan Bi'os. it Co. from their Liverpool office to no less than 15(j,000 farmeis, market gartlencis and others in England, the names and addresses of thei)eople to whom these pamphlets were sent being obtained from Kelly's County Directorie-, purchased by the Allans ex])ressly for this purj)ose. This is only one instance among many 1 might cite where Canfwla is being advertised, and kept constantly before the Jiiitish public. I saw th(? representatives of the Dominion and I'eaver Lines, and the.se companies are likewise doing all tliey can to make Can ula well known, and to secure a lai'ge emigration. The Dominion Line, being most energetic and progre.ssive.und>;- its new proprietorship and management, is particularly aggressive in its work to secure pissen- gers from intt^ndiug settlers in Canada I can truthfully say, therefore, that so far as my inquiries and ob.servation went, all the steamship compaiues are doing their fair share of the work of keeping Canada prominently before those who intend to leave the old land. T mr.y add that on the steamsisipsupon which I crossed the Atlantic T found every comfort and convenience for steerage passengers, and every attention and con- sideiation shown to these passengers by the surgeon and other olficers of the ships. Returning to the Liverpool Agency, I found that amongst the other work per- formed by Mr. Dyke's stall is that of looking after the correspondence of the Uev. J. Bridger, Oiganizing Secretary of the Kmigration Committee of the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge. Through this Mr. Dyke is bi'ought constantly in communication with the whole of the clergy of the Church of England, and with intending enugi'ants all over England, in who.n these clergy are particulai'ly interested. This society, every sprii.g and sunmier, sends a chaplain on one and .sometimes two Canadian steauKU's each week. This fact being largely advertised, encourages many to come out to Canada who would orherwi.se be timid about undertaking the journey. I found that in connection with this agency three sets of magic lantern slides were in constant use from October to April in each year. These slides were lent by Mr. Dyke to school teachers and to gentlemen who have visited Canada, amongst whom were a number of clergynum, whose I'ctures were largely attended and highly appre- ciated, the views attra ting particular attention. The lantern slides in use in the other agencies, of which I will speak later, along with those used by Mr. Dyke, are of valu- able service, and the lectures .so illustrated are doing a great deal to enlighten people in England and Scotland as to Canada and its resources. Mr. Dyke prepared and super- vised the printing of phamphlets in German, Flemish, Dutch, Norwegian, Danish, Swedish, Finnish, Bohemian, Hungarian and Polish, and has distributed these through the continental steamship agencies, and directly from his own office. He states that in 6 tho uj^^rrgiite, since 1 HH3, fomgn puhliciitions to the mi miter of l,!>22,r)r)0 buve Itecii issued from liis oHici-. In st-nding ovit this literature, sitlciuliiij,' to nailers at the dtliee, visiting incoming and outgoing ships, inspecting (Miiigiant chihhcn, receiving and for- warding advice of lists of continental bonus passengers, and tiie payment of the bonuses to continental agents, visiting Knglish and foreign emigrant boarding houses, and in many othei' ways, Mi'. Dyke and his stidVare fnlly and constantly engageii. I may add that in addition to the work done by tiiem lelating to emigration, a great deal of time is devoted by Mr. Dyke and his assistant, .Mr. Mitcilwll, to (piestions of trade alVecting Canada. C-onstant inipiiries aic being made and answeicd about agricultural produce and other (/unadian exports, and every information is aHbrded to tlio,se impiiriiig. Mr. Dyke lias some (iles of Canadian ncwspajn-rs which are eagerly read by visitors, and a lot of information is obtained by people from a perusal of them, but the number should be increased, so that all who are desirous of knowing fully about Canada, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, can obtain such knowh'dgc by a perusal of tlu^ leading journals published in the dillercnt provinces. SCOTLAND. T went to Cla.sgow from Livt!rpool, and was met there by Mr. Thomas (Jrahame, who has been in charge of the agency at tlii.s point for over sixteen years. (Jlasgow, V)eing the aecoiul largest city of the Kingdom, and a large shipping and commercial centre, it is essential that the Dominion of Canada should have an otlice there, not only in the interest of emigration, but of trade. I found Mr. Grahame was en rapporf with the leading men in (Jlasgow, highly respected, and in every way from long residence and experience well able to fill the duties of his ottice. Ho is also tliorougly alive to the necessity of constantly keeping Canada befoi'e the people, and takes advantage of every opportunity which is afforded him at nt titings of making reference to the attractions and resouiccs of the Dominion. He also distributes literature in large (juantitics direct from his office, and through the steamshi{) and booking agents, at the various agricul- tural shows, and to people callint,' at his office. Mr. (Jrahame's offices are well situated in St. Enochs Square, in anew building fitted with an elevator and all modern improve- ments, so that he is easy of access to all in(|uiters. I found the Exchange in Gla.sgow to be the great n'luiezviius for all commercial, professional and business men. Mr. (iiahame is a nieinber of the Exchange, is there every day, and in this way keeps him- self and Canada prominently t(j the fore, and comes in contact with all those interested in Canada. As a large number of Canadian cattle, horses and sheep, with othei- Cana- dian pioduce, is sliipped to Glasgow, a great deal of Mr. (Jrahame's time is tahen up with trade matters — as he is constantly being called upon foi' information as to Cana- dian products, and to discuss such matters with ])eople who are interested in Canadian trade. He finds that the low prices for grain which have of late obtained in Canada have had a deterient effect upon emigration for the last few seasons, especially with agriculturists whf) have a fair amount of means, and hesitate to embark in agriculture in Canada while these low prices prevail. Although the same conditions as to low prices foi- grain obtain in Scotland, yet jteople naturally are loth to leave their old home.s and have little inducement to do so when they find a similar .state of things existing in Canada. I look upon the Glasgow Agency as a very important one both for emigration and trade purposes, and T think an allowance for travelling expenses should be made to this office, so that either Mr. Grahame or his assistant could constanly be on the move in the southern counties of Scotland. While in Glasgow I took occasion to call upon and discuss emigration with book- ing agents and others, and get their views, and in company with Mr. Grahame I visited the offices of the Messrs. Allan Bros., who are more largely interested in Canadian trade than any of the steamship lines running to America from Gla.sgow. They gave me evidence, by their advertisements and otherwise, of their constant efforts to direct emigration to Canada, but like all others who aie so interested they remsirk a large •falling off in emigration from Scotland during the past few years. I'Vom (Jliisf^ow I went to Criefl', in tho county of Poithsliire, then to the city of Perth. At both thcso pliicoH f mot a liiij,'o nuinhor of |ieoj)le of all clas.sf-i, and (iiscussod Canada and its renourccs, mcctini,' many who had friends and relatives in Ontario and other provinces. I found evidencs here of the work l)einf( done hv Messrs. Stuart and Fleming ; but while peoj)le wcie willing to admit that, ('anada presented great advan- tages to those who might choose to makc! it their home, they h((sitatod to leave the oh' land while the prices of agricultural produce, particularly grain, were so low. Here, as elswhere in Scotlatid, I found people ready to acknowlcmiiij;"s district, ffom wliicli slio took t.hti naiiicsof tlit- small faniicts, iioftcrsaiid farm st'i\aiits. 'i'lio work of foldiii;;. addrcssitig and scndiiig out. t.licsi' circulais and ♦•migration lilcratun^ takes up nearly all Miss I'Mcming's time, and lior work is neatly and metliddii'ally done. At Ills meetings Mi', h'leming distributes the ollieial handbook and other puhliea- tions issued from t\w department. .Although the ollieos of Mr. Fleming are eentrally situated, they iire upstairs. I would highly reconnnend his hoing allowed to rent suit- able j)remi.ses o" the ground lloor in the same loejility, whieh I understand can easily Iri done. Mr. !''!emin"' infornuHl nu' that he found a feelintt of unrest. amonrs, caused by the high rents they had to pay for their holdings, and th«^ unsatisfactory prices i-ealiziui for their crops. Coming in close c«»ntact with tht\se people in the course of his tr;ivt>ls, lu^ has bi>en able to inul)t, bo able to take home to their friends in Scotland good repoi'ts as to their siu'cess and futiii'e prospects, and thus iiuluci' others f(» follow the exam|)l(^ of those who have so wisely taken up theii' abode in (/anada. 1 inclose specimen copies of the diller- ent circulars and handbills sent out by Mr. I'Meming from tinu< to time. .Mr. Kleming is nifist. enei'g<'lic anil enthusiastic in his woi'k, and seems to uu' to till n\ost admirably the position he holds. If hard, constant and persistent advocey of the advantages Caiiada oilers to the intending settler can do anything the residts shown by Mr. I''leming's eiVort.s cannot fail to be seen in the near futui'c : but. the depart uiiuit is well aware what has already been accomplished by that g«Mit!eman. I cannot forget the kindness and attention shown to me wliile in l>undeeby the Messrs. Thomson, who are the pi'oprietors ae.il managers of the Diunlir ^'oiirur. It will be remembered that the Messrs. Thomson exhibited most conunendable enterpri.se, and at (he sanu- tinu' great iiiterest in (Canada, in IS',).S. In that year they siuit out to the World's l<'aii', at Chicago, delegates representing the dilVerent trades and also agrii'ul- tui'e, in oidei' that tluwe delegates (who were chosi>n by tlu^ votes of (h(Mr co-labourc^rs in the rt>sj)c'*iv(» -^pluu'es r<>pi'esent»>d by them) might r»\'ul, mark, learn, Jind inwardly digest, ni)t 'inly all that they saw an letters whieh subseipa-ntly appearetl in {.\w Conrii r as the r«'snlt of the visit of Mr. Osier ami tlu^ other Cimrirr delegates, who tra\t'|led through Canada from ocean to ocean, were models of explicitness, and detailed the i-esDurces am! physical featiu't^s of (Canada and conditions of t/anadian lite in a manner highly creditable to the writer.s, and of inllnile benelit to Canada. • As the .Messrs. Thomson are also members of the wt>ll known shipping Hini of William Thomson A- Son, wiiose splendid lleet. of steamships ai'(> amongst the best anil m ist I'cgular sailing to Monti'eal iluring each year's si^ason of navigation, it can readily be undei'st.ood that they take more than an ordinary int.en^st in Canada and the develop- ment of its I'esoui'ces. The Dii iitfir < 'ourirr has (he largest cii'iiulat ion of any wet^kly jiapei' in Scotlaiul, and in eon.seipienco is a most, valuable ailvertising m<'diun). As I'anada and its ailvancemi'ot are kept constantly before (he Mivssrs. Thomson, our coun- try ge(s many a free advert isenu'ut in (he columns of their valuable i)aper, and will always have in them staunch friends and fair advocates. After spending sonn^ days in Dundee and meeting a num\)er of leading people thoie, and getting such infornuition as ! could from con\'ei'sation aiul observation, I proceeded to I nvcrness, stopping oil' for a few hours at Dankekl. Mere I nu't a gocul friend of Canada in the person of the genial station agent of the Highland Railway. The nanu^ of (^mada is well known to the good jieople of this particulai' neighbourhood, sinei^ a tew miles beyond l)unkt*ld was born one of (^mada's foremost, statesuuui, the late }lon. Alexander Mackenzie, who.se name is enshrined in the memory of those who were his acijuaintancos in his yonth. I found (he sanie kind mention made of him and the same respect shown to his memory amongst his olil friends in Scotland as one limls vcMiums arc (le.sorvet lew tlly llH^ to •ry of inii of st aiul ciulily •V<'1(>|>- wt'fkly 1. As couii- 1 will ill Canada to-day, irnis|i(n'ti\o of politics. 'rii(> j^ooi! people of in proud of liavinj^ cxtt'iiiicd to Mr. Miickciizir tlic freedom of their l)orou<{li as an appie- oiation of tJie lii^W and lionoiiral)le position lie liad attained in ('aiiada. I was kindly j^iveii the opportunity, in Inverness, of att.endiii;,' the closing,' exercises of some of the schools, and enjoyed the privilejje very miii'h, ln'inj^ particularly struck with the ruddy cheeks and l»ii,t,dit eyes ,i the childien, and the precision with whiiih they carried on' ihcir proj^ramme. .\t the llij;h Sdtoo' closini^, the iJev. (Javin l-an^^, an old r school, and took t)ccasion to say a j^ond word for Canada [5y way of iihislratiim what- they mii;lit. ri>o to, should they at. any time cast in their loL with us, I pointed to the po.^itioiis attained by Sir John Macdoiiald, Alexander jNiacken/ie, Sir havid Macpherson and Sir Olivor Mowat all to t he Scotch manner horn men whose lives and t-areers all point to the advantai^es they tMijoyt'd in Ijeiiif; cast, in the same mould as so many eminent, men throu^diout the world who claimed the heather-clad hills of Scotland as their birthplace. I reiunvcd my ac(piaiiitanc(> wit.li Mr. W. (!. Stuart. (I'X Maillic and aLjciit: I'or t.lio Canadian ( Io*('riimenl. at Inverness for the past few years) at Liverpool, Mr. Stuart having arrived there en route for Canada hy the " N'ancouver " of the Dominion lino. I had the advantage of a talk wilh him al)oiil. tin; work he had heen doing, t.lic rt^sults of his laliours and his suggi^slions for future action. Mr. Stuart, heing an ICngiish and (laelic scholar, and lu'ing an old and well known resident in ln\ern(^ss and the north of Si'otla:>d, and having travelled (^xtellsively through (Janada, and again renewed his trascis this year frcin Cape llreton to ISritish Columhia, is particularly well littd for the position he hohl.-i, and the government. ha\e heen fortunate in securing his scM'viecvs. I found everyone sptsik well of Mr. Stuart and of his zeal and particular adaptability for the work \u) is engaged u|)on, although many i sjioke t.o about him had no iihta who I was or why 1 impiired. The methods adopted by Mr, Stuart, and by which he has succeeded in making Canada known to the pt'ople of the Highlands are : 1. Lectures in l')nglish and (Jaelic, illustrated by lantern views. '2. Distribution of hand-books and pamphltit.s ; pi rsonal visit.ition and correspon- denc(!. .'{. Attendance at markets, fairs, stock sales, cattle and liowcr shows, kr. I. Keeping Canada constantly before the public in the ju'css, by means of articles ami lettiM's. 0. Utilizing the {»resenee of tJanadian tourists and visitors to advertise tlu* country by means of iunvspa]icr paragra])hsand iot(M'\'ii'Ws, and, when practicable, inducing t.hein to relate publicly their expiMicncc and success. (). Keeping in touch with scittlers from the north i>f Scotland who are suci'ossful in Canauring the j)ast year Mr. Stuart, has been paying sptu-ial *allciitit»n to the emigra- tion of experiiuiced (hunestic seiv.ints, and has been fairly successful, lie has put a large number of girls in communiiwition, this spring, with families in Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, and other j)laces in Canada. Some of these young women were to join Mr. Stuart on the " N'ancouver," and accept his escort to (.anada b\' that sliip on the ISth .June. The fact that, as stated to me by Mr. Stuart, and corroborated by information furni ihed to me by others, a number of prominent public men lia\-e come out to Canada of late years from the north of Scotland with a view to seeing tlu! country for them- selves and examining its resources, establishes that a practical interest is being taken by these mtwi in C.iiia la, and t.h<' reports of their visits are bound to do givat. good. Tli(^ fact, is, 1 found more men who weri' postt-d on Canadian all'airs in the north of Scotland than in any other part of (heat Ihitain and Ireland that I visited. The ignorance (>\hibit(>d by iikmi of ])osition am.' intelligence whom I came in coniac' with about Canada, its position, resources, capabilititss and future, was really lamcntabh!. The «udy way to over(M)me this ignoramo is to stimulate interest ami impiines in and about our Dominion, and educate the younger {)eople in the iJritish 1 <'es upon lines that will give them a fuller ami better knowledge of Canada than at pro-.cnt is t'lijoyed by 10 tlnMr piiftvilM. Tilt" ltM!l,ur»'M, illuHlj'iitiul l»y lanlrin virwx, wliicli of Ijitc yniiis luivc Iumti HO rxlf'iisiv'oly (li'livtM'cil liy niir ti.;L^'rnl'S llirou^liiMil tJic old Iniiil, ar<< cll'oclivdiii i'i>iii(i\'jii;{ |)i'iiit.ling in a. gooil word for (In- honiinioii, wIiuno licaot.ii'H of sccni'ry cliarini'd Inni so nincli, and wliosc ;joiid rili/.cn ' wi'iT ho kind to him. Tlir \V(»ndcrfid |ii'o;,'rrsh; ( 'anada had niadi< and was making, and her j^i'cat. naliirai Mtsoiirccs /md fiil/Un- jiossiliilil.ics, awaktMicd a, k(M«n in'crcst in liis lircast, wliifh lh<> years l,ha(, ha vi^ claimed siiKM! |HK2 liav(< not. ihinini.slii'd. I lis great (Icsirc is to viHil. ns a.giHn, which lie |)ropo>-cH to do in (lie near ftilui'e. \ name which is well known t.o IlighlandcrM in ('anada is that, of Alexander Macken/ic, the |)ro|trietor and editor of the //if//i/iiiii/ir, and t,he author of (.hose most' valmdtle and interesting histories of (he ( 'lans of Scotland. Mr. Macken/.io ha.s l\\v liveliest, and most pleasant I'ecollectioiiK of his visit to (/iintuhi Koin(! yeai-s ago, when ln> pei'sonally saw idl the llighlaiid settlement in the oldcv pr'ovinces. Irom (!a|)«i llreton to K incardine y their wide cii'culalion these letters, and .Ml'. Mncken/.ie's interviews on his reluiii to his Highland home, were the means of making many a now prosjierouH s(tttler in < 'anada. resolve to emigral.i' thithei-. Mr. Macken/i(> is hale and hearty, and, with his good wifo, who is as keenly interest.eil in literary pursuitH as her hu-liand, is d(»ing a great, deal t(» onligiitcn and entertain iiis count.rymeii l>y t.lu> pri^paiation and pul(li<-ation of the many volumes they are from time to time re.speetvely contrihuting to the alieatiy s|)lendid litiMiiture of Scotland. Like Mi. McHoiiald, he is eagerness itscdf to s(((t Canada again, and to not(< the great progress and changes t.li.at have Keen hrouglit. ahout sinet> their foiiner visit. When in Inverness I met and rerewed my acipia.itanee w ith Mi'. Alexander l''raser, of Malloch lAiriii, who was one of the agricultural delegates from Scotland to (Canada iti \i^\K\. Like his Srother delegates in other parts of (Jreat ISritaiti and Ireland, .Mr. l"'rHst, thrift and industry will ensuro them su(vess anywhei'e. While so many agree on tliis .suhject, and I cnt miserabh^ condition of thcst> people with what tlitMr circumstances migiit be could they be indiicc'd and assisted to come out to our prairie lands. The young men and women of (heir families would b«i capital in themselves, and in a few y(>ars thoy would reali/.o what independence is, and ajipreciatc its atteiu lant com forts lie rou (e fi om Inverness to ()l>aii, and ()banto Edinburgh, gives one a splendid oppoituni(y «)f observing anil contrasting th.' condition of tlie fanner in tlio north of Scotland and the farmer in Canada. It strengthens ones belief in the necessity of offering further and greater inducements than we are now doing for emigration, ho as t(» transplant these industrious and frugal people to Canadian 11 ill Uio IS and Hiiil iiiul |nos|«'iit.y. I''m>iii l'!(liril)iii';^li I rnluirnMl to (!|(i.s;^f)w, mid ;i;(ii,in confortffl witli Ml'. (iriiliaiii(\ I went, over to lif^luiid t'luiii a;,'iTil,s in Hcl- fast, iixlii)>i''(*il tnnrli intircHt, and m|>oI with (Mithiisiasni as to th<- ^ood work that i!oul(l liii don<; in ln>larid liy oliiTin^r iniliiicMnontM to ttnii^iiititH to ('anada. I'roiii i><'l fast I juiirnfyi'd liy I'dl into thi- coiint.inH of Monaf^han and (lavnn, s|)cndiui! hoiik? ''(ly!. th(U«x"'"K fi'ini plarc to phici!. I (!ann! in (roiitact with cIcr^fynH-n, faniifiH, iin'icharitH and othiM'H, and <)li(;it«i(l all th<^ iiiforrnation I i^oiild on tlir; Hiilijfi-t, of i-ini;4i'atioti. I did not find niiicli lii^poHition lo cncoiir'aj^o (Mrii;{ralrion from tlicMf [nirtH. While it, was readily admitted that the avera|;e fanner wuh making a liare liviii;^ on his holdin;^, thai the renlH worti hij^^li and diNHatisfiietion j^eneial, yet too many Inul alr(!a()y left freland for Aineriea and (-'annda, and thr; piopl*- I met wanted those who were still in tliH country t.o st.ay. It is hard to impress these peo|>le, with t.lie ^real hiinelils whieh are sure t.o aeeriie to tlioMe leaving for (!>ina(hi. and imikin^ their home tli(>re, and tho ^ood which would icHiilt, to those left Itehind hy >j;ivin;( them a chance to iiKMc^ase their hold inys iiiid enlarj^e t.lieir farmiii;.; opeiii.tions. This liecoines moi'e ;ip|iarent' when orie sees jieojilo tryin;^ t,o make a livinj^ hy farmiii({ five, t.en and fifteen acres They din;; even more IcnacioiiKly t.o tJieir Hinall holdin;,'s in Irehitid th;i,n they do in Scotland. I'poii my return to I'elfast; I prirmiri;{liam, Mr. I''. .J. Wood, on his lejiviiif; liy the " Parisian " for (^ueli(!c. Mr. Wood is capahle and most en(^r;^etie, anfl is «loin;^ the host ho can to send a desirablo class t,o Caniwla. I'>irmin;{ham, l»einj{ a Iar>(e cc'iitre, is well adapted for his h(!ad<|uartf!rs. In impartini,' his views to me, .Mr. W'oiid informed me. that his ed'orls t.owards inducinj.; [leojili; Ixi go to (,'aniida from the Midland ('ount.ies of I'itigland have lieen on the following liiuss, viz. : 1. niustrat.fid lei^tures (healing with ('anada. lie has deliven^d tlies*; lectures lieforo pulilii! schools, grammar .schools, ehinientary schools, dianihers of agriculture, instituti's, literary societies, and at lilirary courses of leeturt!-!, county council sericis of h?f;tures, st(!ainshi[i courses of lectures, etc., et.c. Since his af)[)ointeme,iit in .January, IH!).'5, .Mr. Wood says he has d«ilivered 2ir» hfctures, the appro.\iinato attendancf- of which was u!>, 000 persons. The t,otal fixpense of thesi; lectures was ,£270 K.s. .'5d., heing (in .iveragf! of £1 Hs. 2(1. per lecture,. .Mr. Wood is: convinced, I'rom his experience, that the lectures dfdivfired in the schools liavo had a most henrdieial efFect. They educ^atft the young in the geogriipliy and history of Canada, and with the use of the lantern slides imprftss ideas on tU; young mind not (visily eradicaUid. 2. Visits to fairs, agricultural sliow.s, stock sales, etc. •'{. CorrRfif)onIU1|| ii^riii'V, mill Iwivi' Irl'l. Ill llio liiiil. llin iiiii'il. iiiip ii liiiil nlllix ul' nil, Miniii il. in IIim IiiiiuI i|iiiii li'iM 1)1' nil lliiil iiiiwiiiM ^ I I'm I 'iiiiiiilii III lli(< IImIimIi IhIi'ii, iiiiiiH'ly, llm hMk n hI' lJii< lliiil I '•■iiiiiiiMiiiniii'i', III llin iillli'iiil rii|iiii liiiiiii^i'iiliiiii Hi<|iai liiimil nl' llii< ( 'iiiiinliiui HiimtiiiiikiiI. in Kiiiii|mi, mill all llii> wiit'K III' lJii> a^i iiig, «'.'« mIiiiwii ill lii< yiwiily ii<|ii'iIm, mul m hIi'iu'i'iI In' liiii ai'l/ivn wmli miil |miIiIii: Ut(>«ra'iiiM, lliiil. llii> lali< lli^li I 'uiuiin. niitiu'i, liii ( 'lim li'n rii|i|ii liii'li I ilnivv iiniiillii' iiii|niii<, Iwi'iril ii|iiin my ii,i,'t v I'nvri wilh < ln\ iiil a|.>i'nl>i, ullii'i'in uj' lailway i'iiin|>aiiii<'i, iillii'oiii III 'ili'iiiiriliip i'i>ni|i:inii'ti, ami iiliiy lirril. lii'M I'nr iniinif^ralinn. llnrlnMr iii'uxitiiily l.ii I'lii^lmiil, lliii kIhiiI 'I'll Miya^i', llii> rliiiwi.li>, lit:- huiI, iI.o i;M, all mIjiimI mil ami imii'iii pi'i'ii lim ul li Mil imn< In iiili( (!ii> cll'mli miw li'in^ piil inrlJi liy llir < '.inmlian * imi'i nim'iil In iii'i'iii'i< In ('aiiiiilii iUi I'aii' nIiiih' nl' llin^i< wlm am li'iivin^ llin llrili>ili l>tliII iliirrli'il ami ^llnll an I'lir iih llioy ^n, ami llial i>vi ('amiiliMii I invi'inini'iil nllii'ialii wilji wlmiii I raim< in rniilarl, mul W lliiM' nlllci"! Ill I vlMili'il, all appi'ai'i'il In lii> M'ly lapalili' iiiiMi, wkII lillril I'nr l,lii< wnrii llioy ari> l>n);ll^l'll in. 'I'lii'V aii< mio igiil nil iiinnl KiilliiiHiiml ir in llicir wnrl(, loyal In (^inaila, aiiil rxi'i' /iwilmis In prniimlo lirr Ih'mI iiiLimtmIm. I, 'I'lial llir I'llml'inl ilir 1 1 I]l;Ii ( 'miiiiiiMMinni'i' ami ilil1inl. ii^imiIm In Hliiniilali< impiii'N aliniil ('muiila mul piiiiiinli< I'lni^r.il inn llii'irln, wImIi< lirin^ nil llial. run Im' ilnnn an mmiiMN mo m pri-ni'iil, mo \ory iniiili woaluni'il, ami iln mil. prniliirr iIh' roiiill.i wliii'li lino wmilil Ills!' In ,M'o lioi'iin.'io llioro \h iiot< Miillloionl. inmioy availalilo In apply In llio liosi aiU milai;o ami up In llioir lull oiipMliilil v llio iiiol linilii iin.v in iimo, Inil mi I. no 1 nnl rary I ho w o ik i'< hiiitli'i oil, ami i'l mil nl' I. ho wiino Inroo ami ollool. iih il. wmilil lio if uiloipialo iiioaiiM woro avmlalilo. W'lial ihon ran ho ilmio, miil whal Miij^^oNl.imiM liavo I In tiialo liasoil iipnii my oxpiMionio III nlli o ami my looonl. vial, aoinMH l.lio Al.lanlio, ln\\a.ril:i iiiv i;^nial.in;j;, inoi-<>M!>laloinoiil. in lliis rolalimi, lakiMi hy iiio frmn nno nf Iho loailiii;; nownpapors nf l'!ii<;lanil, will {i{ivo an idea nf Imw llio inaltor slamis : " Tho ominr.ilinn roliirnsfnr llio .six inniillis omloil .luno .Kllh (nay.s llio l.nnilon onrrospuiulonl nf iho .IJinir/n s/rr ('niirlrr) shnv a fallinjj; nll'nf noarly six t.hniiHamI in II 10 numiior nl porsoiis who havo lofl mil slinr«;s iih omnparoil wil.li Mio onri'ospnmlin^ hIx innnlliN nf IS'.I;">. 'j'ho Intal nmiilior i\( oniiLj;ranls win I I 1,1 III, nf whmn 7li,'J.''>H worn nf Urilish mij{in ami ;i(),."»l I i)i foronii miyin. Diiiing iho Hi\ ninnlli.s nf iHlIt") i.ho nuiiihor was I 'JO, ■_';<."», of wlimn Sr>,l88 worn Itritish and .■|.'i,Ki',) fm(Mf.(ii. 'I'lio docroaso i» fclioro- fmo In ho fmiml in Ihitisli oiniyranl.s, and is ospooially iml iooahlo .iiiimi^ Irish, wlm luimliorod .'U.li-'J last year as .maiiisl 'jri,.'!!)!. Sonl.oh oiiii;fial.inn is alinnsl. slalimiary, the lijjuivs l)t>iiijf (vt'.lo and li.SliS in IS'.M) and |Sl)r» rospootivoly. IOnj,'lish oinij^rantH aiv rolurnod at ll.tTill in IS'.Mi and Ki.'.l'.IS diiiiii;^ llio six inmilhs nf Iho pioooodinjf yoar. This diminulinn is r(>^ai'dod us aimlhor o\ idoino i>( nur incroasin;; omniiiorcial iind industrial pi-osptM'ity, iim will as a si^n of tlio improved conditions nf lifo in Irolaiid. " So far as ni\ impiirios wont, ihoy oslahlishod that nf llin.so wlm aro loavinj^ llio nid land, Canada is jotting inoro than lior sliaro as ooinpariMl wit.li tlio oLjiur Hrilish inlmiios, i;} /,''. iif l.lit< Mf^i ii'iill.iinil rliiMM''*, (III* vi'iy pito|i|i' wi* nil- (N'liiroii of nKMiriiip;. Mul, l,lic mm. nl'IIMIIN III' il|iilll'in lltlHItlKHl, lIldMM will) 111)1 <'litlVI'INIM|(' willl |J|« Hl|tl,|l'<'l, IH iJl/tt. l/y K||('rill| i(f1'iii'l>t iiimI I'iiiIIk'i I III iinriip;i i-iil iim'IIioiIm iii|ii|il.«i| , l.liitiin I wmil I riiiil.iiiiin a>t I'm' iift iIk'V K" > ''"' 'I"''" '' niuili iiiuro In Im (loini, iiihI I Miiliiiiil, iJic I'liiliiwin^ Kii^t^itiilioiiH ilikI r'«i'iiiiiiiii'(i I'liiiiil ry. I''iiiiii jiiilirinin /id virl iiiiii|^ on a tniirli liu'^i^iti' iiiuli' lliaii in ilmii' III. |iii"ii'iil I mil •'iilittlli'il ;.'ooil iiMiill.M wiiiijil How , nol only would ( Immda lie ||i' III' l')ii;{land, lii-lai>'! mid HcoUntid, liul/ liy judirjoiiMly |«alj'orii/.irip; iJji' iiii'ri'ii|iolilmi, |ii'iiviiii'iiil mid a;/ri>'iill.iiral |i>i|iiii'ii, wi- would 'Itiim' fiii-nd'i l.o ' '.iniida ill 1 1 11^ |'i'o|ii ii'loi a mid I'diliii . of iJiii I- III w>i|iii|ii'i'ii. Ifi II ^Ulp; 1 1 in |iiit''it a: a. iiicdiiiin of udvdi'llMiii^ ll. Iia>i iirriii'i'cd lo im- l|ial< if it< could lii- itrniiif^cd lo Mwttrt^ n di'li-^alioti of ri<|iii'>(i'iiliitivi-ii of I. Ill' li-adiii^ iii W'.|iii|i fi' >ni rj|iii'lii'i' mid 'Iniaiio, lloiii' ^loiiiid mil. of our Mariit.oli/i. und AHHinilioia wlii-al,, and 'iurf from Hn'tldili'lii'wan and ,\ll»i'it,ii ; and wlii-n Uii; (wi|/it.al of Mii^liMliiiH'ii JH now Hooking iiiviwUiimil/ in llic k"'<'i '«ilv|i(!r and loiul mincH of itnlitli < 'oliimliiii,, I mil nalii lied a di'm riplion of lln! kkhiI laovimi'- •A'liiili jiMidin;!', all Unit; I liii VI' I'liiimi'ial.i'd, WI it.tirii in Um ^ra|ildi- and l.i'miilianl ^-lyji- known Ui l,li<- i-.ar ii'n|ion'|i:iil,a of llii' lirt-ihli primM, cajitiol. fail Ui «'Xi;it,if a dii:|i inl«)f'<'Hl, in < 'amwia, and aiiMihl, mal.i'fially in liriii^iii;,' l,o out' iiliorcH many ;^ood i cM Icm'., and at, Uif nami' l,iiniiiit/i'y Ih an all powitrful a^ciil/, and wo idioiild nol, fail i,o (-ulUvaUf Hm fi'iimdly intcn!; I, in Omiadii, (/< ) Mon^ lulvi't'l.iHii,^ nlioiild In' dotin liy |ioil,<'n( ani' mol.allii: iiij^nH. I am j^lad t,o Hay I found ifi m-ai'ly ovory po-il, oljici' I vihiii-d a po-il.cr alioul, ('ntnulii i:xU\\>iU:liiH in vi:iy liclpful ho iinr iim it, J^och, yet mmli mofc can lie |iIii'|| wiIIi lull anil r(iiii|il<'hi f'llfH III' llii< li'iuliii^ ( 'ti.iiailiiin iM<\VM|iM.|ii't'M. ltii|iiiiri'M ii.ImiiiI, iiimI I'lii'iiilH of ( !(inii.il/i, liy Imvin^ /M'l'i'MM III lJii< tilcn III llii'Mii |iii|ii'iM, will lin al)lc l.o ^cl. I lie liirnniiiHi>. In iIiIh nadi I'd. 'I'lii' (111 .illr HIIk II. iiiii<|im |>liii'i- in |iiiii'miliMin , Immii;^' wrjl cim (liirli'd and riiiil.aiiiiii^ oxiMtllcnt. iiiaU.or, its miHHinii raniiol. Iir Ion lii^lily roiiiiiiiwidi^d. Alt riijiii'M III' l,lii< ^^r(7^1 ail' ni'iit wi'ckly liy llm lii^li ( 'nmiiiiMcinnnr In llic Iradinp; |iiililii' lilirai'iiv't, wiii'kinf(mi'aiiiidian iillaiiM Im Miiiu k<-|ir |iioiiii lioiilly liii|'iii'i> l.lm iilM. 'I'liiM work in my ii|iiiiion nnild Im vi'iy nimli oxirndrd. A iiiM|i III' ( 'aniiihi. on a \i\,v<^*\ niwiIi' hIioiiIiI Im |i!ari'd in rvny hhIiooI lioiihr in (iri>al jlrilain and in-laml. It' poHsilili', cm r('M|iondi'nri' mIumiIiI Im o|icm'd willi, and I'll'nrls iiiiidi>, I'll indtirc I.Ih' I'dni-atiomd aiilJiiirit/i«w I.Imm'o lo iimi; our llnjid Imok or moiiii< III lii'i' Nimiliir and i'i'liiilili> Look ol' int'ormarion on ('anadii. I liavi- /^ri-al, liojii' in, and look tor 1^ Olid ri'MiiIlM I'roiii llii* work alnon;;^il lJii< mliool li'ai'litHH and llm ncliool rliil tlrmi. If llio MriliHli paronlN of loday had liciin Lauglil. < 'iMiadian liJMlory and ^<'o^ra|iliy in llicirday, llic nini'M^ity would mil. olil.ain for llii< ( io\ itiiiiiimiI of ('anada. makin;.^ lint clVorl. il. \n now iloin;;, and llir incii'a.scd rlVorls ! .■ui;4;;i>sl , IowimiIm rilmwilin^ llif, l'.ril.inli piililic alimil. inal.U'i'.s ('anadiin Itiil nm- ^lioiild lir laii^lil. a limsoii liy llm iiiaikiMJ i^no raiH'K of olil coiinlrN |ii'o|ili' ulioiil. ( 'amida, ami l.akr iJii* i-a,rlii',sl. and Ih'hI. op|iorl.iinil.iitH wliifli an- alVordi'd of ri'iiirdyin;; llii.s norl. of iJiin;..;, and I know of no way in wliirli wi; fan .Horui'o Ik>I.Ilainalili<. A pliol.oi^rapii dimM not. Ii((, it, i^ivtis t,lii^ IichI, and Iriicst. illnsi ral.ion thai ciin Im alVordi'd of I. lir physical fcaliircH, ciindil.ioiiH and lifii of our colony, 'riicic i.s a demand for more .slides l.han can Im fiiriiisli(Ml ; l.lnt Hiipply of IIuinc \ imv.s .should Im increased, new phot.us of lunv .si-oiuiM, oxeniplifyiii;^ varied phaHe.s of I. he counlry, should h(> .supplied from tiim^ to liim^ and plio< and varied display of t^anada's jirodm.ts at the agriculliiral shows. VVlierever made those oxhihitions have beon most creditable to Canada, and luivo (U'cated very ureat intenvst. In this connection the ollico of tlie Hifi[h (Commissioner should be suji plit>d with fresii samples of j^rain and other products. Mach and (!V(!ry j^overnment ollice should iiave aiiditions mad i to tlieir presunt (exhibits, and the same should Ik5 renewed and freslioned uj) from time l^o time. It wouhl be well to supply .iteamship agents and leadinj; bookinj^ oilices with tlu^se samples. lmmediat,(^ steps should be taken til slather toj^etlier and ship to the lligb (/ommi.ssioner at the proper time an exhibit for the loadinj^ agricultural shows to bo hehl in 1897. If a series of pliotograjihs of Cana- dian scenery, depicting home life in Canada, similar to those so widely distributed by the Canadian Pacific Hailway were sent over and put up in leading liotels, stations, booking otlioe.s, and other public places, 1 am sure th(!y would prove a go(j(i medium of c. Ill I' Ul h< III ir> /ulvci I JMiii^ I'ivcr v'tliiii;^ oi'llii'* iiiitiiif, |j|<<^ liratioiiM pririti-il in luivoi l,iHiti(( Ounada Ixmmx iHHiind uriditr llic autlioiit.y nt', and \iiih:\iuu\i:iI \iy tin- (luviMfiini'iit, tit <'iiiiiid(i <^t\n way t,(iwainM, I'l-opli; in tin; old land liavii Miil.iiialiy /I ^roat. riivfrtini!" and ri'n\>i'i;i t'nr aiillioi iLy. 'I'lu-y ii]i\itwinUf l.lii; valiii! of i^iind ^nviMtiiiMMit and fruit itiMl itiil/inriM, iirid anylliin^ wlncli miianalitH trom (^'anada in I. Ill- way of aiUci'lii'.in^ il.M I'liHoiii'i'i-h l.lial. Ijcai' i l.lin " lla.ll iii/iik ' of ^(ovurnnii^nt aiil.lioi'- il.y, in Mini' to nminiand al.l.i'til.jon 'ind cariy wcipjiil,, (//,) Tim iiMnnl.ion of l,ii<' ^ovnrnm»!iil,t of lJindidly i-xliil)it.i-d in iIiIm ;^riat. imt.itution. Lilp.niliivp,. (Ii.) It would i.i'i 111 to liii in till! inlcri'Hi.s of nconoiny t-liat, nioro of t.lir; litcratun- ih.HUitil l)y I. III! ili!]iarl.iiii*nl, hIioiiIiI Iji; prinli'd in Mn^lati'l. I am aMKuritd l.lial, tin; work • ■an 1)1! doiH! iiiori! *;lii!a|ily and itxpitdil ioUHly t,lii!n) l.lian licif. TIum waH apuarcnl. from I. III! ini|uirii!H I iiiadr, o>; l.lii! hiiIijik-I., and I liopc any ,'-.ii;^;^(!!il,ion wliicti iii;iy hi; rna'K; in lliiM dir)!i;l,ioii liy t,lii! ili;,;li < 'Otiiiiiis'r.ioni;r from l.imi! to timi; will \)i: nttidily anijuin.Hcii io. With till! i!Xi;i!lliint (!ouiit,y diritiM.orinH wliicli ari! iHsumi in Kn^land, and tin; lar^i; Ht,afr« wliiitli an- kiipt liy iiMtal)li!iliiiii!nt.s foi- tli»! liandlin;;, ,id(lry fivo fcower is uswl. In the HoaHoiiH of 1H91, 1H'J2, IHICJ and 1894, a large nection of the country was gone over hy this ear so IMr. Ilaslett (who was in charge) has informed me. All the towns and villages in the counties through which it passed, were visited and particular pains were taken to reach all places lying oH' the regular line of travel, and where the railways did not run. The hiading agricultuial shows wen; attendiid, and a great deal of g^K^l and lasting jwlvertising of Canada was done hy this means. In the years mentioned, Mr. Ilaslett .says, they visited 1,511 different phw^es. At these places thousands of books and 16 pamphlets were distributed, and the appioximate number of people who visited the car in these years was fully two millions. 1 am certainly of opinion that it would be money well invested if the department were to purchase, as a beginning, say three cars similar to the one used by the Canadian Pacific J{ ail way. One of these cars and the Canadian Pacific Railway car could be made use of in England and Wales, one in Scotland, and the remaining one in Ireland. Judging from the miles travelled and the places vi.sited V)y Mr. Haslutt witjj the Canadian Pacific I {ail way car, these four cars would be abh- to cover a large area of country, and be seen by thousands of people in the course of a year. I would the; efore recommend that such cars should be purchased and put in operation under the care of experienced men. Work to he done bi/ the Chtirchen. ( /.) While a great int"rest is being taken in emigration by the different societies connected witli th-- Church of Kngland, and the Roman Catholic Church in England is putting forth some efi'orts to systematize their work in this connection, I do not find that other great religious bodies like the Presbyterians, Methodists, Baptists, or Congre- gationalists have ever taken hold of this question as the Church of England has. I am sure that there is a splendid field here for the able and energetic governing bodies of these churches to labour in. When one considers how numerous the Presbyterians and Methodists are in Canada, and particularly in Manitoba and the Territories, one is surprised that co-operative methods between these churches in Canada and (Jreat Bri- tain have not been adopted towards encouraajing emigration. What a great help it could be if these churches had a committee in Great Britain whose duty it would be to look after the welfare of those intending to emigrate. Pilach clergyman could send to the central body the names and occupations of those in his parish or <.> .n- gregation who proposed emigrating to Canada, together with particulars as to e.ich man's trade or calling, means, itc. All this information could be sent out to a similar committee of the Canadian churches, and through this agency these intending emi grants might all be placed a nd located before leaving their homes. The details of such a scheme could readily be worked out, and I do not know any better agency through which Canada can obtain a good class of settlers than through the influence and sys- tematic work of the churches. I hope the suggestion I have made will bear fruit, and that our Canadian brethren belonging to the denominations mentioned will follow the example so nobly set by the Church of England in this great work. Co-operative Work in Municipalities. (k.) The idea in calling the Immigration convention held last winter in Winnipeg Wtas an excellent one. In order to people our great western provinces we must have assistance from those who are alieady living in the country. The work of inducing people to come to Canada and remain there and making them welcome after they arrive, should not be left entirely to the government, and the railway and steamship companies. Every Canadian, of whatever degree or calling, has an interest in the question of immi- gration, and a great deal can be done by individual effort, but more still by the mutual exertions and co-operation of residents in small communities. Each municipality in Manitoba and the Territories having an immigriition committee, or some authoritative body charged with the duty of advertising the advantages of the municipality, ascer- taining and imparting to the central committee in Winnipeg information as to lands available for settlement, price of such lands, &c., and being on hand to receive and look after the new settler on his arrival in their midst, is bound to be of great benefit and render inestimable service in the cause. " What is everybody's business is nobody's business," and in order to assist the government and the railway, and steamship agents in their work, it is essential that there sqould be some one in each locality charged with the business of looking after immigration. I trust that the enthusiasm and interest which was aroused by this convention will not be allowed to abate or die out, but that all ir classes and coininunitien in Manitoba and the North-webt Teintoiies will feel it to b<' their duty and in thoir interests to keep up the organizations which were formed at this great gathering. Mutual Co-operation of Agenciex. (I.) While much ini|)ressc(l with thegood feeling and kindly (ooperation whichexists between the Dominion ( Jovernment agents and the Provincial Government, and the rail- way and steamship agents in Great Britain. I cannot but feel that a great deal of money, time and energy can be saved by their being a fui-ther and closer co-operation between tiiese different agencies. Without systematic and concerted action on the part of those interested in emigration to Canada, duplication and oveilapping of work must neces.sarily occur. It sciems to me, thei-efore, and I make the suggestion, that at a convenient time in the fall of each year the High Commissioner should call together the representatives of the provincial goveinments of Canada resident in England, of the Canadian Pacific and Grand Trunk railways, the Allan, Dominion, and P)eaver Lines Steamship Companies, and other agencies which are interested in emigration to Canada. At such meetings the Dominion (Government agents should be present. A full discussion of the subject could be had, the work laid out for the coming season, and some portion of it be taken up by one agency and sonie by another, so that the work could be equitably distributed. I am sure such a meeting and such co-operation and mutual understanding would effect a saving to all concerned, and increa.se the ethciency of the work. A sub-committee of one person representing each interest could be formed, with the High Commissioner as chairmi|n, and this connnittee could meet from time ti> time during the year as an advisory body, and review and discuss all matters of mutual interest. I sincerely trust that my recommendation in this respect will be carried out at an early date, as I am convinced that great good will arise from such action. Personally Conducted Parties. (m.) This mode of assisting the work <>i emigration has been under discussion in the department for some time, and was inaugurated this season. There is no doubt that the establishment and continuance of this plan will stimulate immigration very considerably. Many people are deterred from undertaking a long sea and land voyage to a new and strange country from the fact of their being ignorant of tiavel, at a loss how to reach their destination by relying on their own knowledge, and timid about embarking on an expedition of the details of which they are utterly ignorant. To be made aware that an agent, and a government agent at that, will be on hand to meet them at Liverpool or Glasgow, to look after their baggage, accompany them on the voyage out, assist and counsel them from time to time, and be with them when they land at (.Quebec or Halifax, is certainly a great incentive to many. I cannot too highly recouuneiid the continuance of this plan. The announcements of the departure of the.se parties should be made many weeks before the day of sailing, the extensive advertising of them being a necessity. Assisted and Prepaid Passages. (n.) This opens up a large question, and one which has engaged the .serious and thoughtful cimsideration of every one who takes an interest in emigration and immigra- tion. T have stated elsewheie, briefly, the condition of the small farmers, the farm labourers lioth those who are still on the farms and those who have moved into the city — and other classes from whose ranks can be selected first class settlers. There is a natural disinclination upon the part of people to leave their own homes. They only do so in most cases through force of circumstances. With some it is compulsorj' owing to misfortune in business ; with others, while not in a sense compulsory, it is essential to 18 tilt' welt'nre of (heir families tlmt tlicy .should soek a wider sphere where the energies of the family may bo exteiuled and proper tcsulta ohtuined from their united efforts in the field of labour. Others again ani doing ♦'airly well where they are, but are ambitious to extend their operations, and ho on. One; and all of these people are affetited in the .same way ; the spectre that rises before them is (he thought of leaving the old home and old associations, and it takes a great deal of thought and study, with a lot of talking and consultation in the family circle, before this feeling is overcome and the final move- ment decided upon. The next and most vital consideration with all intending emigrants is the one of pounds, shillings and pence — how much can they r(^alize from the sale of the goods and chattels which they care to part with, and when realized will the proceeds be sufHcient to pay their passages to Canada and put by enough with which to make a start in the new home? [ have no doubt (here are many people in England, Scotland and Ireland to-day who would only be too glad to come out to Canada had they the means of doing so. While some could arrange to pay the passages of themselves and their families, say to Winnipeg or Calgary, they are met with the ditliculty of not having sufficient money to go and come on after their arrival there, and to purchase the necessaries for making a start. Now (me of the questions to solve in this matter of emigration is how to reach, and how best to assist, this class of people to come to (.Canada. In the first place should the government extend any such assistance? I say unhesitatingly, yes, by all means assist properly selected people to settle in Manitoba, the Morth-west Territories and British Columbia. It is admitted on every hand by people of both political parties that the future welfare and prosperity of Canada is, in a very large measui'e, bound up in the peopling and development of our great West, from Port Arthur, in Ontario, to Vancouver Island on the Pacific. We ha\e everything to ofJer (he intending settler, and feel justified in encouraging the right class of people to come and make their home amongst us. It has been calculated by American statesmen that each settler who takes up land in the Ignited States is worth !?1,000 to the state. I agree with this estimate. Well then, what better can be done for the future of our country than to bring out from the motherland good, strong, healthy, sturdy agriculturists, and settle them on the magnifi- cent prairies of the west or on the fertile valleys of British Columbia. Every settler becomes in turn a producer and consumer ; the greater production we have from the soil and the more consumers we can have for our manufacturers the greater the wealth of our country becomes. We have sj)lendid examples in old Canada to day, and also in Manitoba and the Territories, of what the stuidy sons of England, Scotland and Ireland can do in Canada with nothing to rely upon for their success but their pluck, their sobriety, their industry and deteiniination to succeed. There are not only hundreds and thousands but millions of just such men whom we could bring out to follow in the footsteps of their countrymen, who have made Canada what it is to-day, if we could only make up our minds to extend a little assistance to them. There is every inducement for these people to come to Canada. It is Britain's nearest and greatest colony, and the intending emigrant has but to learn of the sucoe.ss which has attended those who have already come out to Canada, to feel that the same success awaits him. But some additional effort will have to be put forth by the Governement to secure these desirable people for Canada, and the best thought T have been able to give to the subject, based upon my own experience and observation, and information obtained during my recent visit, leads me to the conclusion that the most feasible plan which can be adopted for settling our western provinces, and the freest from objection, is for the Government of Canada to make advances to intending settlers on the security of their holdings, i.e., by taking a lien fur such advances on the land which they make homestead entry for after their arrival in the west. These advances can be of three kinds. (1.) Sufficient to pay passage money and railway fares of emigrant and family only. This pre-supposes that this class have sufficient means to make a stiirt without further aid. (2.) In addition to the advance of passage money a further sum sufficient to enable the settler to purchase his oxen and necessary imple- ments, and the materials for his house and stable. (3.) Advances made under the system known as " prepaid passages." 19 Tlio initial ooiisidenviioii find lirst. iiiui most important stop to Ix' taiten in the matter (tf tliosc advancfis is to make piDpfr sojoc; ion of t..(' peisons to h(* assistptJ. It in an indisppiisjiljlc, ;il)soliit»' first primiplc, tiiat tlio jxirson wiio is to lii' assistHJ sliall l>t' found to he worthy in evory respo(!t of such assistaiK*'. In layinj,' down this proposi- tion I am only expressing tiie views of those who have interested themselves in and studied this phase of the ijuestion. I'ersonal ohservation and iiKpiiry in .Manitoba and the North-west Territories about, and amongst, the people who have been assisted out there Ijy philanthropie and other agencies, elearly dem.ll such people are sure to prove failures, and only rellect discredit upon those who sent them out and upon the country of their adoption. Wise and independent men, wh(» are entirely disinterested and have local knowledge and understanding, associated with our expcM'ienoed Canudian (Jovernment agents, should alone have to do with choosing those to whom assistanc*! is to be given, the former to afford full information as to the antecedents and general character of the aj)plicant, and the latter, from ol'servation, intpiiry and personal communication and otherwise, to judge whether such applicant is physically and mentally fit to cope with the conditions of the new life he and his family are to enter on. I think that only men up to a certain age should be assisted, but the age limit should not l)e too arbitrarily (ixed in case it might exclude any one a littlt> o\er the limit who had a family of grown up sons and daughters. This latter consideration should help is worthy of his assistance — thus indicating that the person or persons so ussisted would make good citizens ; hut it further indicates that the applicant is a satisfKul set- tler, and one who is so well pleased with his condition and life in the new land that ho not only recommends his friend to conie out here, hut goes further, and is willing to furnish the necessary security for advances to lie made to that friend. Otw contented and satisfuMJ setthfr who thus evidences his i'aith in tli»! country is as good an adveitise- metit as one could wish for. In t\w matter of these prepaid passages the (hitails could he readily arranged. For instance, the applicant could apply to the nearest Dominion fjinds agent, and on a form pro\ ided for the purpose of setting out his name, location, length of residence in the country, nature and value of his improvements, and other iletails, make application for the necessary money to he advanced for bringing out to Manitoba, the North-west Territories, or ihitish Columliia his relative or friend, naming him, his residence, occupation, and other particulars for the purpose of ident ideation, the apj)licant undertaking to give security \)y a ' ii upon his land, or otherwis for the repayment of such advances. This application rould he transmitted through the head olHce of the department to the government agent residing in the disti'ict in which the person to l)e assisted lives. This government agent, in turn, would make fidl and exhaustive inquiries as to the occupation, character, and general standing of the person to he assisted, and his suitability for residence in our western country. If the agent is satisfied from this investigation that the intending settler is suitable in every way, he could then arrrange for his passage to t'anada ; and the (iovt nment, being .secured against any, loss of the money so advanced, and being assured of its early repayment, would not be out of pocket by the transaction, while Canada would be (Miriched by the emigration of many a worthy man and many a worthy family. In this (juestion of emigration the Government will have to make up its mind to take hold of the matter from a business point of view, and with a clear understanding, based upon past ex|)e- rience, that it is only by putting fortii . uch eflorts as I have endeavoured to describe, that people can be induced to emigrate from the European countries in larger nuud)ers. From the way in which some people discuss the (piestion of emigi'ation, and the tone adoi)ted in criticizing the efforts put forth by the ( Jovernment in the past, one would conclude that the people in tireat Britain and Ireland, and Continental Europe, were simply waiting with their trunks packed ready to set sail for Canada. This is all moon- shine. The people who have got to come will come anyw ay, and thi! question arises are these pensons always desirable settlers, and are they the class we want to till up our great West with or not ? Judging from experience in the United States, and the action of the government there in the past few years, one must conclude that many of the people who have come to the United States are not desirable citizens. So far Canada has been comparatively free from the immigration of objectionable people. What we want, and the onh' class of pe(jple our agents are authorized to encourage, are agricul- turists, farmers and farm servants of both sexes, or others having experience in, or who are desirous of engaging in agricultural pursuits. We are getting our share of this class of emigrants at present ; if we desire them in lai'ger numbers we will have to offer the inducements I have enumerated. It is in the interests of the emigrant and his family, and of the country to which he emigrates, that he should have the necessary means of starting himself on his farm, so that by granting the assistance I have indicated a double benefit is being extended : Canada will be recouped all the money she thus expends, and will have to her credit many hundreds of good, thrifty, and loyal citizens. *>■ > 1 21 ' * I liavi! spoknn «ntiroly of thin syHtcm beiiij^ nirriod out in •iroat l antl Ifo 1.111(1. 'riicrc is III! rnisoii wliy it slioiild not. iiiidor' fclin satiu' .supfiv iHiori, li<« extcndod to CoiitiiKMital I'luropc — in such countiit's as llic go\t«iiini«nt oHiiialH would lit! [itMinitled to curry on their propaganda. AyetK'irx. (p.) Tn my opinion no timo shouKl lie lost in tho .-ppointmont of an a;,'ont at \M- fast, and anotluT at huhlin, to l»i' paid tin' same salaiy as .Mr. (irahani(^ in (Jlas;;ow, with a lihi'ial allosvanc*! for tiavellini,' i'xp(!i\se,s. Travelling,' i.s nioro cxponsive in (ircat l!ritainand I rcland than in ('anada. Tlit'sr a>,'ents should have ;,'ood otlicc.s, centrally situated, arul should ho niftn well fitted liy e.vpcrienco and knowlcdjie of ('anadii n life to iiMpait. full information as to our hominion. Thty should also he men capahlo of mcetiiiiH' any and all classes At least one travellinj,' a^^ent or inspector slioulil be attached to the II i<,'h Commissioner's ollioe, with residence at Liverpool. This gentle- man's time could he well and [)idlital)ly employed in ;,'oing about inspecting the different agencies from ti:!'e to time, and keeping the agents up to their W(»rk. He could also be at the call of the High Commissioner for special duties. Having his residence in Liver- pool he would be within ready icach of Scotland and Ireland, and at the Name time within live hours' lide of London. 1 think th(! appointment of such an otlieer indispen- sable to the proper working of the agen6ies we havt; now established, and the lesults a good man could ob'ain would soon repay the outlay of his salary and travidling e.\pen.ses. Local (iovernmi'nts. Ill ,da the of |c1 a lUS yal (7.) 1 would like to see greater interest taken in the subject of immigration by our local governments. If the local governmonts did nothingmore than furnish the department of the Interior fiom time to time with literature for distribution in (jlreat Mritainand Ire- land and the continent, a certain advance would be made in the way I indicate. While the Dominion Government, as in the jiast, should assume the greater and general con- trol of emigration, yet by the active interest and co-op