Sr-^'rfiS^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) / o v* '<^i.^. {/ /;#^ 1.0 I.I 1.25 ■^ 1^ 112.2 lij III 2.0 IIIIIM U 11111.6 V] m ^P: ^c* '/ Photographic Sciences Corporation -23 WEST MAIN STRtET W(B&IE«.N.Y. )4S80 (716) 872-4503 CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut canadien de microreproductions historiques (5)1987 Technical and Bibliogriphic Notes/Notes techniques et bibliographiques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Features of this copy which may be bibliographically unique, which may alter any of tfie images in the reproduction, or which may significantly change the usual method of filming, are checkod below. L'tnstitiit a microfllTie le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a ete possible de se procurer Les details de net exemplaire qui sont peut-etre uniques du point de vue bibiiographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite. ou qui peuvent exicer une modification dans la m^thode normale de fllmage sont indiqu^s ci-dessous. n n n D D D D □ Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagee Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture restauri^e et/ou pelllculee Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque Coloured maps/ Cartes gAographiques en couleur Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Ence de couleur lie. autre que bleue ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur Bound with other material/ RaliA avec d'autres documents Tight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ Lareliure serree peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distorsion le long da la marge interieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutAes lors dune restauration apparaissent dans le texte. mais. lorsque cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont pas AtA filmAes. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplemen'iires: □ Coioured pages/ Pages de couleur □ Pages damaged/ Pages endommagees ET I — jKPsges restored and/or laminated/ Pagef> restaurees et/ou pelliculees I — ~U Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ I ^ Pages decolorees. tachet^es ou piquees □ Pages detached/ Pages detachees BShowthrough/ Transparence r~rKQuality of print varies/ I— J Qualite in^gale de I'impression □ Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du materiel supplementaire idition available/ Edition disponible □ Only edition available/ Seule D Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc.. have been ref limed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure. etc., cnt 4t^ fiimies i nouveau de facon a obtenif la meilleure image possible This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filmA au taux de reduction indiquA ci-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X ^ 12X 13X 20X i4X 28X 32X The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Metropolitan Toronto Library Canadian History Department L'exemplaire filmi fut reproduit grAce A la g6n6rositA da: Metropolitan Toronto Library Canadian History Department The Images appearing here are the best quality possible considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Les images suivantes ont it6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la nettet6 de l'exemplaire filmd, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or Illustrated impression. Les exemplaires originaux dont la couverture en papier est imprim^e sont filmds en commen^ant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la derni^re page qui comporte uns empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, selun lo cas. Tous les autres exemplaire? originaux sont film^s en commonpant par la premidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — »- (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon la cas: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to bb entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre film6s d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour etre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 & partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche i droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants lllustrent la mdthoda. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^ ^^A\ V .7^ OCT! '5 : ■•:;_ jDf. "tji?- . Mtt^m ' rf tlj! ; ^mm %mi^' nf ' tff ajtitiali amton MP "„„ liv; . 1 1 ■ f':'t"f.".-rv >iy fKLLOW LBA6UERS,— < ' ' ■ *'"'« ^'i* "luch concern that I have read in the Patriot, a resolution passed by youiii' rrfefp,y-fi,'>{ly^ wn* 6in the.' question of ♦•ectiva inotitutbtis. Had thoae views been met Dy argument, or any position I assutneif hiW Vitf-' trovtrtod by ym. in thfe slightest degree, some benefit might have arisen irom its publication ; bat passing o^er the' dire'tX' peHHJhaf allusion to my'self, ^^•hieh, to say the least, conveys a sort of censure uj^n the presiding officer of iU \xikViA' (?ommitteeof the League- a ionrse not Ukcly to strengthen their hands, I submit, whether any advantage to be derrVlilJiVWili jjaradii^j.lMSWe tfce- public merely conflicUng opinions of members of an association, whose utility depends upb^'^'fe' Uniiftimity, imi whose measures, tocarry weight with them, must be based upon some show of reason and wund'senSPii'Vfdt rft<»e>lho**-d«)Ablftil.- SrfieVe me, my present views have not been adopted without deep reflection, and the convic^oij'iiks been forced ujwn me, in spite of loilg cherished feelings, that Canada does not possess the peculiar materials'i:^V>)^tS 46peM^'& «cetl«ic8 of British- i'Bstitiitions, and that there is httle analogy between the British constitution and the*syt^iem dtf gi<»vefriiften't that rt*w obtains in Canada. Take for instance the two higher liranches of the legislature, wliire'uf'tfitrr parallelism With the fhr6ne'(ind peersi Take the government of Canada as now constituted, what is in Alarji^iit demiwaoyef the worst description; a deinocraey without any counteracting influence to hold it hi iheck or 'pf ^^'t'the parly-Iri poVi-ef Miti \^reakiiig their vengeance upon their opponents. Would its character be changed by ths adJent of'tiie GoiwbrvQtiVe&trflKiwer^ Do yon desire to see the system perpetuated ] Instead of prerogatives that cannot IS^ eietcisW. I-^^^sMbstltht'iiig defined powers, that can be called into action when the necessity for their use arises. To'filuiWat'' my menriiti|,-taikc tKetidemiiity Act; it passed both branches of the legislature. A hundred thousand f,6emen-*ii^i,in rfeat the itryal issehi maybe withheld from that obnoxious measure ; their earnest and respectful request is treated with I feeling of the country, interposes his veto ; th^ ImU goes ■Wactto the other l>ranc"hes, and, unless re-passed by a majority of two-thirds of both houses, remains a dead letter'. Se'levs hot to exercise the po«ver entrusted to him for the public good . neither his salary nor his tenure of office is jeopardizetl IhfeV-; while (he governor appointed by the crown dares not to carry out the wishes of the petitioners, iest, upbna'fr^h election, their views, unsustaiiied by perhaps a bare majority, should hurl him from his place and deprive him of his income, In tlie one case, due provision is made for insuring respect for the opinions and feeUngs of the minority ; in the other thpy are ■reeKlessly sacrificed 'to individual selfishness, as base as it is paltry. The first places a man ih a position to discharge an orietoiis duty -with impartidl.ity, ihe other offers a bonus to injustice. ' •■ • Wiilfregard fo the royai authority, I know of no authority inherent in a British monarch, other than 'that everdseil •ly the ministers' of f he crown ; ttat is the authority of tne House of Commons, the authority of the British peOpfe • that is '■the huthorify known to the constitution, and the people are its source. That authority is in Canada delegated to the 'govertior, as a subonlinate officer. If was not only with the consent of that authority, but by its avowedly actively exercised ■infliience, that those great changes were effected during the rule of Lord Sydenham, which have resulted in the present •«ppropriation of the clergy res< rves, the exclusion of even the form of religion from the university , the domination o( the '-JiWeh Canadians, and the imposition of the system falsely styled responsible government, which the sentiment ol loyalty »!o t^e sovereign led us so long honestly to opjiose. Thai same authority, by its influence, secret and open, has dcprivcare. these things so 1 Do not these events speak loudly, and tell them as plainly as events can speak, that unless they, as a x)aHy, can .*dvance -some prineipl 'hat will at once p.()pea1 to the hearts of the masses and carry them with them, their fate is sealed, their cause is hopeless. The right prineipl* I bolieve to be that itivalrod; /jt elective institutions, tJiat principle which insured to those of the old colonies posse iing li beral charters, and the spirit to stand up for the liberty those charters secured, a century of undisturbed quiet previou.^.t<> the American revolution and a long course of prosperity ever since. Had that principle eataral into the ap^intment of our present legislative council, would the Indemnity Bill ever have reached the Governor ? 1 think not.' The present gystem places our lib^rtlps, rights and privileges at the will of a single demoa-aliabody-r»he legislative ^••embly— without ch«ck, without rontroi , sa- e when Downing-Strcet interposes tff p'otect and ibster British Interests at the expense of our own. f'cmpared with this, arc not elective institutions, associated with thise checks common to the free .-epublits of the Unjtetl S'ates. conservatism itself. The sentiment of loyalty has hitherto led us to O'erlcok the democratic fn-inciple at- displayed in British institution.", a principle derived from our Anglo-Saxon forefathers, which tmderlays the very foundartion of the constitution itself, and its spirit pervades every part of that massive structure. That principle has betn extended by the descendants of those same Anitlo-Saxons ; and upon it. controlled by salutary K ecks, they have founded a ^joveniment of a confedero-^y of states, the ranidily of whose growth in wealth, population aru povM-r, is luisuijiassed in live iinnalsof the world, and which points as a beacon to those who 'vill be instructed by t'.ie history of the past. T tell my f*rtid».that as i. conservative, my heart was with their heart, my feelings with their feelings, my sympathies with their •Apathies ; but as I gaze upon the onward course of events, I fp^l convi.iced that the sentiment of loyalty, however ■fncredly cherished, must gradually yield before the irresistible spirit of civil freedom ; and 1 have been compelled to ask inj«elf the question, Ana 1 justified, for tlie more gratification of a feeling— a fcehiig that must daily be growing less— in i^itardifig a change that cannot fail to advance the interests of my children and my country ? I feel persuaded that Canada Mtei'er can prosper till her industrial pursuits are efficiently protected ; I feci assured that protection never will be accorded A-iiJle British interests control her roinmerce. To attain that one end, '• protection," I am prepared to yield many of my ■fMw^^/njceived opinions, and to sacrifice my fcflin^rs, my inclinations, and my prejudices, if you will. ■•■•■ ■ Keeling an earnest conviction ol the trulh of these statements, and of the duty arising therefrom, v.hat upright course wa»i<.;i' I to me but the one you deprecate ? The man who wilfully persists in error while he knows it to be error, may • lifM ihi- ."nger of scorn ; but he who acts up to his honest c< /ictions, even though those convictions do involve a chanj^e . *t i>j.!nior may defy the world, so long as his conscience tells him that change has been induced by no selfish or mercenary iAi4iv«. I am not one of those who would willingly forsake old friends, in search of new ones. To me, my long connection iviHii4»c«nsirva»ixe i^riv iiu^ been a source of pride ; I desire not to forsake them, but would fain carry them with me in ^,; • ,,?»;. v;' ■,-h my ludgmenl to'Is me can alone restore to them that influence they formerly cnjoyeot bejr lestimony to the sup'?rior energy of our opponents in all jwlitical contests 1 WTio among .*»M,Cru< iM. ^-lection after -Icction . deplored the apathy of their fellow conservatives'? Is it not a fact tliat notliing short of • til* !n4«ii>iiiy Act, notLmg si'.or cf 'he burning of the parliament houses, would have aroused them from their deadly torpor ? How 'hen > aii yot; evir > tpect to succeed without infusing new and life-giving principles into such ari apathetic body? I Kpeik V^ udso:" Jf.j. inesi, and telt my friends plainlj that they are like children playing i' 'i the edge of a precipice, whose lcH,oualu)n inc oce&n waves are rapidly undermining ; they n..ither know nor believe the t-xtent and tbe jwwer of the uiftexatii/'t inovemimt ; it is guided by men of reflection iind intellect ; it is supported by individual contributions, with a lib<'m>ilj to \ htt-h you will h.irdl> yield your credence ; it is carrying with it two-thirds of the inhabitants of the cities of Lower (Vinada. with nearly ail n:.- rural onslituencies. and will soon speak in a voice not to be misunderstood. It is lol.y :M>'iwUeve in 'he opfinsiiion to that niea.sure of those in Canada West, whose whole lives contradict the assertion now upon tteir l*p»J ano;'' T .shifting of tht sci'ne on the ixjlitica' stage, and those men go with Lower Canada, the ground glides from tinder our feer, aih' he .tars and st;i))es tell the lul. . Listen thi ,i to him who dislikes annexation,' both from feeling and ,«ioftvirti(te, as heart, y as > ourselves. Go with the advocates of elective institutions, and thereby cut the very ground from u»id*r the feel of this party, and yy fnay yet aid in preserving a territory of greater area than the wfiole tJnitcd States, as a field fy.r British industry and British enterprize ; you may yet level v\ith the ground the annexation movement, and erect a, fafr T(>miBle t'< Km-in! order and civil ireedom upon its ruins. Neglect .his advice, disregard this warning, and the precipice ijpwi. whici y..'i are trtamrng will ' umblr into the ocean, burying beneath the waves evt rything Briti.sh in name, heart, and «ei*fi/nenti I np"ak wmn'sily upon these matters, for I feel deeply ; the only chance of jireserving British connection la by tli6 (bnogafion if that powe ■ v hich. in the rollision caused by the conflicting interer^ts of the two countries, sacrifices those «l'tlie.wp.^k.-r TtroiUluuc Brifhh, Camrin must jmxcsa a prosperity «.« grcai and ax rapiit in its groivtii as that nf its mitthh-ur, mxt; vilk iiiMtvthns mtt Icss/avnurable to popular liberty. If my views are erroneous, refute tfiem ; if you have a . mftM (.rortiisiiig }K)licy, propose it; but do not. I pray you, by increasing our divisions and by giving th^m publicity, ■ (B4*Vai«<«"4he party ol your friends at the feet of its opponents. ' ■ " . I'tVk tf UO f IrtlLig, VaUUMAN, fr .Tanvarv, ISaO. J. W.GAtvrBtE. • -1 i ■(j.rkij.v.'-. ■ -• ii.-n. . .. ti.-.i. i.o.ii ;i.tui,>;. -vfii. •il?-«