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PU 
 

 ONTARIO AGRICLJLTURAL COLLEGE 
 • GUELPH, ONT. 
 
 bxtlt:.ejti 
 
 3sr 
 
 o^iii 
 
 ' i 
 
 IMPURITIES IN CLOVER SEED. 
 
 Bv ,T. H. Pant 
 
 iiisioi{\ Axn (Jeoi^ogy. 
 
 ToKo.NTo, Skptembkh 6th, 1894. 
 
 TORONTO : 
 PHiNTKf, m Warwick Bros. & RurricH. 
 
MINISTER OF AOBIOULTURB, 
 
 Hon. John Dryden, Toronto. 
 
 Ontario Agricultural College and Experimental Farm, Guelph 
 under control of the Minister of Agriculture. 
 
 Jaimb Mills, M.A., LL.D. 
 J. H. Panton, M.A., F.G.S. 
 A. E. Shuttlkwohth, B.A. So. 
 
 J. H. Rekd, V.S 
 
 H. H. DuAN, B.S.A. . . 
 J. B. Rbynolds, B.A. 
 William Rbnnie. 
 0. A. Zavitz, B.S.A. 
 G. E. Day, B.S.A. 
 H. L. HoTT, B.S. k. 
 R. Haroouht, B.3.A. 
 Captain Waltbb Clabkb 
 W. O. Stewabf, M.D. 
 
 A. MoCALLClf 
 
 President. 
 
 Professor of Geology and Natural History. 
 
 Professor of Chemistry. 
 
 . . Professor of Veterinary Science. 
 Professor of Dairy Husbandry. 
 
 Assistant Resident Master. 
 
 Farm Superintendent. 
 
 Experimentalist. 
 
 Lecturer on Agriculture. 
 
 I^tu-er on Horticulture. 
 
 Assistant Chemist. 
 
 Instructor in Drill and Gymnastics. 
 
 Physician. 
 
 Bur 
 
 9ar. 
 
 ADVISORY BOARD. 
 
 John. I. Hobson, Chairman 
 O. C. JAMito, M.A., Sicretary 
 
 ■ . Mosbofough, County of Wellington 
 Deputy Minister of Agriculture, Toronto. 
 
 

 BULLETIN XCVIII, 
 
 IMPURITIES IN CLOVER SEED. 
 
 number oUpecie, .m.^^t^^^yl;: tTn^™""'"™' "» «-• *• 
 
 .eed from ofh '"pl'„ r"„l n'^:''"''? '"T* *"'■»«" 'o '-'"due. 
 product of thrownW, A„Z tS """li'^™' '■" '^ «<> *" 
 je my pl.ce clover. tS onwcluiJoft^ •"«"!?'> "'""■««'' 
 difficult to rid of impuritiea • on ^?^ I "" '"'' '">''°' » "e-T 
 
 beiDg a chief .ource of heintrnJl"""";' "'.""^ «•""" '' " 
 The writer obt.ined sixtv .^^^i .*,°" °' "««'' »'» ""uy faro... 
 of Ontario forX pi'pLeT&llrr."'^'"^ ""»»■ P««' 
 purity, cleanlinew wd wtllilv tZ, 5 T '" "^''"""^ '» '"•"' 
 wholemle aeedemen seedsmen L.lr '"•''''.' "'" obtained from 
 
 they ehow a marked differ^nl in AT 'k*"" ^ »'«'^»Mns, as 
 each. omereuce in the number of weeds found in 
 
 t> testing the sample, three things were kopt under consider., 
 true J'lrkW^ "' "-^ """^ «■•' ". *» exi»nt to which it w„ 
 
 'X^int:e^^'r^'^''^-^"-"^- .'-germinating 
 leating seeds for these three characteristics ia nnw u^ • 
 
 S.tee"^^0-d-L«r-?ldTmtt»^::;l?^^^^ 
 
 :i 
 
good article at home vet a m,!.». *^ ™*^ ^ exercised to sell a 
 our country. Much ioJs 5s sSaineH v""', T^ ^"^^ '*« ^^^ i^to 
 <ru« to name, not cln and low HifiZr^^ i'"°'" "^^'^ ^«'°8 "ot 
 no redress for the unfortunate iurht3 "^"^ ««.y«^ *here seeu.s 
 
 that n.ost seedsmen all suStW TeZs o"f ?w "°- }' '> '^^^"^'^ 
 a safeguard against imposition tS u^"*" ''^P'^tation to be 
 
 but it is fearll there are manv ^t ^^.^^ '-'r *° ^^'"^ «*«»*. 
 they would not if therin^w ^the ^ai""* *^' "? °* ^^"'''S ^^^dl 
 unlucky purchaser. Thereisno do„h?T». ''*' '^^^ ^ P™'««t the 
 by seed'sln has leaseneS'h: ?roubt te'r/ mu'cj' " *«-*-^«--d« " 
 
 this has been conclSLvV shown to hlv?^' 7n ''"^' *"^ y«' 
 Cases have occurred in which rJl^.K^'*? ^""^^'^^ ^y «o"»e. 
 of this spurious mater^arsoS tTTLemln «^^ ^°^.'^.^^°* P°""«^« 
 Clov^^eedmaybeconsidereLlVi^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 from Te'ig; ^t^ef a'dThif'f °r^ f ^^'^ ^^^ -« t^^^- 
 of sand. dirt. e^tc. ca efully cSun ed Th7 °^^««V^^^«• P^*-"<^J«« 
 also noted. One hundred sTeds w«r« * * JT^' ?^ ^«^** «««d was 
 them in conditions favo^ablet gS^^^^^^^^^^ stht""'^-^^ P^"*^'^^' 
 
 r^:zrtri ^^^ '-'-- Ve^^-K^^^ • 
 
 Jds^ere?/ strof U^t^i^/tMdT s^r^ ^^ f ^^^^^ 
 
 75« to 85° F. all the better Some nW« M *^° ^ ^^^'^ ^^^^^^ 
 flannel and cover them also with SanneT ThT'^? T " P^^^« ^^ 
 a saucer or plate, kept moist i^a warm rnn J /'n^^ ''/^^^^^ '"^ 
 inate. Jf one hundred seeds are uld Ti,. ^ r** ''"^'^^'^ *° ««»-'°- 
 cates the per cent, vital *^^ ''"'"^^' germinating indi- 
 
 g.l?:t:rb?:::Jil7^^^ the foreign 
 
preiteoce of 
 custoiuers. 
 n to guar- 
 ed for sale, 
 d in those 
 srfere with 
 I to sell a 
 way into 
 being not 
 'ere seems 
 is claimed 
 lion to be 
 ue extent, 
 Hng seeds 
 rotect the 
 grounds " 
 
 grind up 
 , and yet 
 hy some, 
 f pounds 
 ver seed. 
 is in the 
 
 as taken 
 particles 
 seed was 
 7 placing 
 ure, suit- 
 i showed 
 
 placing 
 
 keeping 
 tempera- 
 >t about 
 piece of 
 laced in 
 to germ- 
 ng indi- 
 
 foreign 
 
 
 
 ItlB-OHASS. 
 
 OXKTIC DAISV. 
 
 cMicoar. 
 
 SOBBKU 
 
 UAGWEKU. 
 
 BINDWKBD. 
 
 WHITK COCKIK. 
 
 BtADDBB CAMPION. 
 
 « 
 
 or 
 
 BLACK BINDWEED. 
 
 * 
 
 CHESS. 
 
 ent sources : ""^ samples obtained from sixty differ- 
 
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«uc 7UCtr'''\ >-^^^^^^^^^^^^ :ctr'^)^ 
 
 CoNOLIJSlONg. 
 
 1. The number of seedo oregent ;« ««• 
 -eight m deteminiog the SuX if :eer' """^''^^^^ '''»° '»>«<' 
 -. The pre«enoe of weed gpeds i« /«. 
 
 poor W J?/bTl™g':M .'„°<l\Y "'r'? •"?■•• *» ■■' ■■« «k«l7 to POM.M 
 
 «»d-".™ ; -Vo. 27, . .'.^I. ^i; °Vr h.?""' ?^ '""• "•-'"''I" 
 »l..lo mo.t of ,h, other. «re from oom^iS!?"'' " ''?'' •»« cleaned, 
 4. Among tl,e „„,, oom™»/« '"erohwl, or farmer, 
 
 ««: 0_~»K.<1 "white rkl'i'Tr.r'' """' "> '■« '-clover 
 
 It -«Ko^ct£,Jr..Lr"'^ °' ">» -■" of „ed. 
 
 -»t H'" «"•' "liS ta wTaSvfo'inK ' r;'"' °' '"'■T 'tu 
 
 ■night become « g««l p^t ""=""V'»K the .eed. of weed, ihioh 
 p.l^T?.„''j,»i';SS"'Zu"»f •" "" •-" '- other 
 
 of V'.t3',-"l'"h1grXrh?""" '"• ^ --"the Wtalitv 
 t. deduct 8 per .eTCmThe^rlr.' *.".•«' «""• " i^ ".»«i 
 "taut, where condition. -^I^TLZ^ ^S^l^'' «"-