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 SIP^ ■653 East Mo.n Street 
 
 S^S ^orr^esifr. New Tort. ^4609 ■ ■ jA 
 
 J^ (?16) *82 - 030C - Phone 
 
 ^S (7'6) 288- 5989 - Fj, 
 
jdalU up «»ntart«." -Hon. O. W. Kom. 
 
 ^f. 
 
 f 
 
 ADPRESSES 
 
 i)F 
 
 MR. WILLIAM ANDERSON 
 
 (LIBERAL CANDIDATE FOR EAST PETERBOROUGH) 
 
 MR. THOMAS 'BLEZARD 
 
 (MEMBER PROVlNaAL PARLIAMENT) 
 
 HON. J. R. STRATTON 
 
 (PROVINCIAL SECRETARY) 
 
 ON 
 
 The Local Situation, Liberal Record and the 
 Progressive Policy of the Ross Government 
 
 AND ITS 
 
 Timber Policy and Practice 
 
 DELIVERED AT'WESTWOOD, NOVEMBER llTH 
 
 1901 
 
ADDRESSES 
 
 OF 
 
 MESSRS. ANDERSON, BLEZARD AND 
 HON. J. R. STRATTON 
 
 The first tne^tioK in East Peter- 
 borouKh in the interefltH of the 
 randiditure of Mi. William Ander- 
 .son, Ihfi Liberal candidate, was h«Id 
 in the town hall, Wpstwood, on Mon- 
 day evening. It was in every sense 
 .1 highly .successful gathering. Though 
 the weather wtxa execrable — a pour- 
 ing rain, and intensely dark, making 
 travel dangeroii.", the commodious 
 hall was well filled, a number of 
 ladie.s gracing tbo t^'ithering with 
 their presenci-. 
 
 Mr. Andcraon was most cordi-illy 
 receive*! by the a.sscmblage, and the 
 complimentary ref<>renr«s to his 
 worth, fitneps for the pasition 
 of rpprp.ser.l!itivi', and prospects of 
 success made in their addresses by 
 Hon. Mr. .St ration and Mr. Blezard, 
 showed that the audience were heart, 
 ily in sympathy with his nandidature. 
 Owing to indisiKJsition, Mr. Ander- 
 son's remarks w.re Urief, but to the 
 I>oinl, the address of Mr. Blesard. 
 characteri.sticiUy iMiorgplic and tell- 
 ing, while the more elaborate speech 
 of Hon. Mr. Straiton dealt fully with 
 public questions, including a com- 
 prehen-xive ami lucid treatment of 
 the timber question, giving its his- 
 tory from tbo beginning, showing the 
 
 steps that led up to <he adoption of 
 the Liberal Government's policy of 
 home manufacture of lumber, and 
 also showing that the Opposition had 
 done notning to justify Mr. Whit- 
 ney's absurd claim that the Opposi- 
 tion deserved credit f-jr the policy of 
 requiring all logs cut on Ontario 
 limits to be manufactured in Canada. 
 Mr. John Harrison, ex-Councillor, 
 Asphodel, occupied the chair, and 
 introduced thr speaki rs, the first of 
 whom was the Liberal candidate. 
 
 BIR. AHDBRSON'S RSMARXS. 
 
 Mr. William Anderson, on being 
 calle<l upon, was received with en- 
 thusiastic cordiality. He. said that, 
 •as his hearers already knew, he had 
 been offered, and had accepted, the 
 nomination of the Liberals of Kast 
 Peterborough as their candidate to 
 contest the riding for the Local Leg- 
 islature, at the general elections, 
 which would probably come off early 
 next .summer. He said he had not 
 sought the honour of being tl\e can- 
 didate, but he felt that he could not 
 hut feel that it was his duty to bow 
 to the unanimous wish of the Liberal 
 party as expressed so strongly at 
 the convention at which be was nom- 
 
 900504 
 
inutrd, Mpecially in view of the (act 
 that he waa noininitttiU by a Kent lei 
 luan who hail ho Iohk "Uii creditably 
 repreaented KumI IVtt>rlM>r<>UKli. and 
 who was, therefore, rcdponniblH for 
 Ilia (Mr. AndiTHon'.s) preaencM' in the 
 field. Ue would look to Mr. Blesard 
 to second hin nomination by the aup- 
 |M>rt which he wan sure be would 
 ({ivc to secure his election. While 
 h« did not set himself up un un ora- 
 tor, or an expert in pulitica, Mr. 
 Anderson said be believed he had ttome 
 qualifirationa that luiKht fit him to 
 be the representative of a riding like 
 the East Ridine. East Peterborough 
 was, above everything, an agricultur- 
 al riding, and its interests a.<t such, 
 made, it plain that it could be repre- 
 aented to the best advantage by a 
 farmer— a practical (armer. It had 
 been represented by Mr. Blezard for 
 nearly twenty-fivu years, and nobody 
 could assert tUat the intierents ot 
 East Peterborough had not been as 
 well, if not better, looked after by 
 a plain farmer liki^> Mr. Biezard, than 
 they would have been by a profes- 
 .tional gentleman or a professional 
 liolitician. (He^r, hear.) The inter- 
 ests of East Peterbo i^b were al- 
 most e>ntirely tied up \-il<i and con- 
 nected with the farm, acd I e (Mr. 
 Anderson) being a farmer like the 
 great mass of the electors, felt tl -t 
 he need not make any apt ^y for 
 asking th«. votes and support of his 
 fellow farmers to make faim their 
 representative. As Mr. Blezard's in- 
 terests had been, so 
 
 Hla Intarwta W«r« th* 8am* 
 
 iis theirs. Like most of his hear- 
 ers, he was born and raised upon the 
 farm, and expected to die on the 
 farm. In Ontario, especially, it was 
 no disgrace or discredit to a man 
 to be a IJanner. for it wa.s very grati- 
 fying to us as farmers, to know that 
 tbia province, was as advanciMl in ag- 
 
 riculture, if not mare si>, thnn any 
 state of the American I'niou, or any 
 cjMintry in tlie worUI. This wuh 
 
 shown wherever ilii^ provimc en- 
 tered into <-4>m|>etitiou with other 
 countries us at the World '» 
 Fair at Chicago, and th.^ Pun-Amen- 
 cun Exhibition at Buffalo — Ontario 
 took the cream of the prixe list in 
 dair>ing, aloc-k and poultry. At Buf- 
 falo, out of 923011 |»id in prixea for 
 poultry, Onturio took SHOO, and the 
 whole of the Unitwl State* «1200. 
 (Applause.) And Ontario won the 
 biggest prixcs in ou. \h-M market, 
 the British niurkot. Our cheese and 
 butter and bacon and fruit had the 
 lead there, and brought th-j best 
 prices. Mr. AiuUTson said he knew 
 of no province which wa.t so advanced 
 in agriculture, no pioviuce which had 
 a better finaiKial standing, better 
 laws, or was generally as proHpcrouK 
 and enterprising as Ontario. While 
 this was no doul t largely owing to 
 the character ol its farming popula- 
 tion, who Were thrifty and industri- 
 ous, and composed about Meven-tentbs 
 of the whole (lupuUtion, it was, he 
 felt, but fair, to ,?ive a large share 
 to the excellent government and man- 
 agement "jat had beun given to the 
 province for the ,-ast tbirty years. 
 (Applauae.) Mr. Anderson said 
 
 h* had no intention of making a 
 spee«A. He wa.i a plain man, and 
 bad 
 
 Alwajn THad to do His uaty 
 faitbfuUy. He had never been an 
 extreme man, and l,e was thankful 
 that his fellow citisens had found 
 him worthy of trust, as, he might 
 say, was abown by the fact that be bad 
 »o long been honoured with a rep- 
 resentative position in bis native 
 township. 'B» bad been a municipal 
 representative— as councillor, reeve, 
 or warden— for as many yea'-s as 
 Mr. Biezard had been in the legia- 
 
Inture. To ktc ho Ioiik hutii>urF<t hy 
 b^ fellow ritiieiLi wa.s. hu felt Uv 
 luiKbt nay vMihout IxKiHlinK. ii priKif 
 tbui he IiikI untiif i|ualificul ioiu for 
 MvrviiiK tbn iiublii', :in<l thai Iik iiail 
 Mhdwn ."<(>iiio faithfulfie-«M in ^li^4C^lal•^{- 
 in»{ b:» <luty tin a uiuniri|ial rcpte- 
 sentative. llo ba<l ulwayx tripil t* 
 dn wbat be fell to >m- riKl><< "nil if 
 cbnnen in* their rpiircsi-ntalivf, he 
 wouUI rontiniiit on th< name lini*. 
 Wb ie every act uf his life- <'uh a mun- 
 icipal cuuncillur, or utbcrwise, iniKht 
 not have be^-n approve<l, his »'ourHi' 
 had teen guiiletl by an houKst desire 
 to do wbat wun riKht, and in the 
 interests of tbose who had tru«*ted 
 hiiu. Mr. AndentoD concluded hy 
 tbankiDK bia huirers for 
 
 tbei hearty ami cncouraKinK 
 reception tbey had K'ven him 
 and oxcusinK himself from further 
 apeakioK on the ground of indi^ipoAi- 
 tion and the fact that Hon. 
 Mr. Stratton and illr. Blezard would 
 deal with public queetioos more in 
 detail, he reaumed hia Heat amidst 
 very hearty applauae. 
 
 MR. BI.HIZARD-8 ADDRBSS. 
 air. T. Blesard, M. P. P. who wjut 
 the next speaker was received, on 
 riaing to address the meeting, with 
 very hearty cheers. He said be was 
 glad to aee so large a meeting of 
 the eleotora, and a meeting which 
 was so much in earnest. It argued 
 well for the success of Mr. Anderson 
 tn see the ball so well filled on such 
 a night with electors supporting 
 that gentleman. He felt a very 
 warm interest in Mr. Anderson's 
 success. He (Mr. Blezard) had nomin- 
 ated him, not altogether as a can- 
 didate, but as his successor in rep- 
 resenting East Peterborough, for he 
 was .sure he would be elected. He, 
 for one, would work hard to bring 
 about his election, and be felt that 
 he would be heartily helped by the 
 
 •tteeiiii.*, of Kasi tVierborougb- 
 (Hear, hf.ir.) lie, (Mr. Bleiurd) bad 
 been a Liberal all b:H lif«, and for 
 Iwenlii-threc years he hud been the 
 Kiljera! represent at ive uf Kant P»l- 
 erliorou^'b m support of the best all- 
 rounil Uovernment this, or any 
 ciiuntry. eould have. (Applauae.) 
 lie hid notieeil in the Toronto World 
 and other ('onservalivn papers, at- 
 leniiiis III show that he (Mr. Blei- 
 ar<l) bill liven pushed itsidu, and that 
 lion Mr. .'^t rat tun had used bis in- 
 fluence to bivp him "turned down" 
 It lb*' Norwoixl Convention where be 
 bad nominated Mr. Anderson. This 
 was not .HO. He had no doubt, Mr. 
 lUezanl said, that if he hud wished 
 to have the nomination of the Liberal 
 party, be uouUl have hud it unani- 
 mously. (Hear, bear, and applause.) 
 The Convention at Norwood waa oon- 
 durloil jiuM. as he bad wanted it to 
 be conducted. Ue had stated eight 
 years ago tb.»t be did not want to 
 be a candidate, and four yean ago 
 the nomination was, in a way, forc- 
 ed upon him, and it was only his loy- 
 alty to the Liberal party which had 
 so kindly supported him for so many 
 years thai made him consent to run. 
 It was well known of late that he 
 wished to retire from politics. He 
 had 
 
 Served the Ridins a X<oaB Time. 
 
 and, not being as young as he uaed 
 to be ha looked for a little rest, 
 and, for some time, to look after his 
 private affairs, which a man must 
 sacrifice to a certain extent if he 
 faithfully discharged bis duty as a 
 member, which he bad tried to da 
 It was well known to his friends 
 in the House last session (and he was 
 glad to say he bad many, both Lib- 
 eral and ConservatiTe) that it waa 
 his intention to retire from polities 
 at the end of the present term. He 
 had plainly »«d distinotly stated at 
 
I hi' Norwiiinl Coiivpnl ion, licforf u 
 rmriiinat ion w.i< iniide, I hit he would 
 n<il Im? a r.tn<li<litlp iiKiiin ; unci h:; 
 >.h iwo'l ih.it he Will in eiirnoHt by 
 noniiiMt lii;( Mr Alttleiaon to he bi-i 
 >< lie <■«•■> our, wh en he w;i« »ure to be. 
 ( .\|i|il iii'ifl ) lin bid no feiir if hit 
 h hI w.intvl to run that the l.ib- 
 tTiil^ would not hivo Kiven him thn 
 noiiiinatioii, but th:it was whiil h« 
 >\.,iteil to avoid, for the reii.tont hn 
 hid niven. Am before reiniirkeil, ho 
 hd l*er. the Liberal n-presenlalive 
 ioi' a loim time, ami bo felt that he 
 hid dim-, at leiai h- had tried tqdo, 
 hs ."hare in (irumotiDK the intere.Hts 
 of Ka.st I'eterboruuKh and the Pro- 
 vince. Kver ■ince Mr. St ration had 
 I'nipri'd Parliament th -y had worked 
 hirmoniouflly together. They had 
 1j<'I|ipI each other, and h<> wua Klad 
 to .stale there publicly that he had 
 never ariked Mr. Strutton, eitb:!r oji 
 a private member or a Cabinet Min- 
 i^ler, to promote tho interests of 
 E;i.st Peterborough, that he hud not 
 rt-idily and willin^^ly don« so to the 
 extent of hn ability. Mr. Oleiard 
 Kiid thit in tbe poMt twenty-fiv^ 
 years be never had applied to the 
 Government for anything that had 
 not been fairly dealt with. This was 
 true before Mr. Stratton became a 
 ineiiitier of tb'! Government, and he 
 knew, and they all knew, that it was 
 all the more true since he became 
 a Cabinet Minister. Tb^y all knew 
 Mr. Strutton; be bad been raised 
 amonK-st tbera and was a resident of 
 the county and one of the. 
 
 Most Prominent and Hturd Workloff 
 
 an I alii m^mbTH of tb? Government, 
 and h(! (Mr. HIezurd) was sb they 
 woulii not send to Parliament a rep- 
 resentative to oppose a Government 
 whch had done so much for Ontario, 
 and wli'ch had for one of its mem- 
 ter.s, in the person of Mr. Stratton, 
 a resident of tbi county. <Applause.) 
 
 Mr. HIetard w^nt on (o point out 
 tbii Mr. Stratton had the heaviest 
 deparunent of tb- O ivernment— nut 
 only the larKest Hpemlintf depart- 
 ment, but Ibe one with mure work 
 for its minister than any other de- 
 partment in the Government. And 
 bin w-ork was well done. The public 
 institutions un<ler Mr. St rat ton's 
 chir^e were manittted with Kfeul 
 ability and surceHS, and economically. 
 They Wdre tloinK better work than 
 ever before. Tb'y were manutred in 
 a way to defy criticism, either on 
 the fl(M)r of the House or outside it. 
 lie (Mr. Ulesard) hid visited the in- 
 stitutions and cuu!d testify of bis 
 own knowledge to tii; excellent way 
 in whch lliey were run. There was 
 not a member of tlie Cabinet doing 
 as much work aa Mr. Stratton, and 
 the electors of East I'eteborougb 
 sb >uld send Mr. Anderson as a sup- 
 porter of a Government that had a 
 resident of tb: County as une of 
 its members. Although many 
 
 C6n.se rvu lives in tbis riding 
 
 and some otbsr.-t were showing a great 
 deul of sympatby with him (Mr. Blei- 
 ard) because tbey said he had been 
 " turned down," be did not need to 
 think tbem for tbis Vigus aym- 
 putby. lie was not turned down, 
 and Ibey all knew him too well to 
 believe tbit any man could turn him 
 down without his making it hot for 
 anyone trying such a game. (Laugh- 
 ter.) He bad not been " turned 
 down" by Mr. Siruttoo or anyone 
 else. lie had retired, or would re- 
 lire at the close xtf the next Par- 
 liament, of h's own free will and ac- 
 cord, and hoyhad nominated Mr. An- 
 derson, whom tbey were going to 
 elect. (Applause.) Mr. Anderson was 
 just the kind of man East Peterbor- 
 ough wanted to represent it, just 
 such a man us they wanted more of 
 in the Legislature. He was an hon- 
 est man, a man of strong common 
 
Msntp, iiii't tfiMnl buiin>^n^ uhility. ICp 
 hn<t had (ilfiily i»f c X|HTii'nr<' in luun- 
 ici|iiil inatttTi. |(i* b kI )k*(<ii a iii<-ni- 
 l*r of ihi' ri>\vii<<lii|i (Viunril tor 
 years, .i niiMiilK-r of Ih" ('(»uiily 
 Council for \«Mr>». uml n Wurdoii of 
 Ihe Ciiuniy. Ifp li.iil ni'Vpr ni'nlcrl- 
 e<i any of h -i <luiip.<, in I ho Ti>wn^lin> 
 or I'ounty CounnlM, ami h« be- 
 lievpil ib'il III- u'oul<l >)i> juMt an 
 faithful in allcnilina to Ihm |)arlia- 
 nicntary <lut »■». Mr. Andprnon's 
 o|i|ii>n«>nt. Dr. Kord, \va.H ii (ro(Ml cit- 
 izen and II kimmI dcji-lor, but he had 
 wvi-r laki-n an active part in I<ical 
 matt«r>t, an<l had no pxixricnCif'. 
 Th<!y hail |di>n;y of iloctors and law- 
 yers in the Houso apd to .Hparc. Mo 
 h><l no hard f«'(>lin>r« anain«l thorn; 
 they \v(!ri« a nfC"*Hary »'Vil, and 
 All Rtffht In Their Place. 
 
 hut I hey were men they did not want 
 to have anything to do with 
 till tb<>y had to. What a ri<linjr of 
 farmer?* l.ke Kasi Pi-tprhorouKb 
 wanted wa.s a farmer for ft repre- 
 sentative. Bspecially a farmer as nuc- 
 cessful and i»rartical as Mr. Aniler- 
 aon. and a farmer who ha.s h;ul a 
 litTKe experience in municipal mat- 
 ters. Mr. Anderson has served his 
 apprenticeship, and had all hi.s life 
 worked with and for farmers, and 
 knew their wants ami hail a personal 
 interest in .seeinkf iht'm pro|K'rly 
 looked after. Mr. Blezar<l 6aid hi> 
 had Ijeen in the House twenty-three 
 years, and he knew the class of mem- 
 bers who did the Jjcst work. He 
 knew th'it the orators of the House 
 \hi man that di<l i.U th(\talk nK. were 
 not the best workej.s or the bc.st 
 qualified to work in Committee, 
 where the great bulk of the work 
 was to l>e «lone, an<l that was where 
 the fight ^*^s put up. When he 
 went into t ffe House first hi.s little 
 experience in municipal matters, and 
 it was very little compare<i to Mr. 
 
 AndersonN. had triv(«n him an insiuht 
 he ci>uM turn ti» ^tl»n^ am.unl. He 
 knew, .iH .Mr .\n<lprson woubl know, 
 uhen anytliintl was brouKht up that 
 would !«• hirui'ul to the interests 
 of the farmer in a municipal sense or 
 in other ways, anil he would bi- 
 there to fiuht for these ritrhts. 
 ami he would know what he was 
 talking about. Would ii dnetor or 
 a Lawyer \\h'» never had any muni- 
 cipal experience or »hi> ktu-w or rar- 
 eil little about farming be us (looil 
 Ik min for their member as a prnc- 
 ticiil farmer, with a c|uiirtcr of n 
 century's experienre in municipal 
 matters f Th s was a farmer's rid- 
 in^, and a ►ffM»d f.irmer w.is the rep- 
 resentative it wanted. We only sent 
 for a doctor when we were sick, and 
 East Peterborouyh was not sick 
 enoukih for that, at least it was not 
 sick of him (Afr. Hlezarcl) even Ihouvb 
 Dr. Kord and other good C-onserva- 
 1 i ves 
 
 Were Shedding OrooodUe Te»r«. 
 
 Lecau.se h- was troinu out of pol- 
 itics— l«cause h" had not received the 
 nomin.ition he <lid not want. They 
 need not waste any sympathy on him. 
 He was all rijiht ; he was retirinvf 
 from politics and h.ad nominateil his 
 successor in the |>erson of Mr. An- 
 dcr»(-n, but tho.se who said he had 
 been si<|p-i racked woulil find, b<'fore 
 this contest was over that there 
 was plenty of fipht in him 
 yet. Dr. Ford and his Conserva- 
 tive friends who were sympathizing 
 with him (Mr. Blezard) becau.se be 
 was " turned down." would need all 
 the .sympathy for them.sehis when 
 Mr. Anderson turned th'm down next 
 June, which he was sure to do if. be 
 (Mr. Hlezard) in co-operation with 
 the electors could brinR it about. 
 (Applau.se) He felt, h^ was sure, 
 that he would be elected, for he had 
 no fear that the farmers of East 
 
P«terhorouith would (to bnck nn n 
 felloM fiiriiier who wn* not only wpII 
 qualificil to reprpurnt tb"ir inlermt 
 at f.'ir ua b« wiim conr»rn>'<i hiiuoclf, 
 but iiNd twciiuiie bo wan n iiu|i|tortpr 
 of a (rood Oovarnment. wb c-h nu tai< 
 lent ihp Conjiprvativpii IiikI in siKht 
 roulit iiiipruve upon. (Applauie.) Mr. 
 Whitney, the l^ii<l«r of thfl Oppo- 
 nit inn. WHS a fiiirly itoo<i aiUroun<l 
 iu:in, an a man, and be could be a 
 UMful hnck-Ment member, but bn 
 (Mr. Illpiiird) did not think he had 
 thf lipiid to be n Ipnder of n Govprn- 
 meni. At ilavelock Mr. Whitney iinid 
 he h'i<i a (treat policy for Iho country, 
 hut bo wan afraid to mention it for 
 fc.ir Mr. Rons or Mr. Stratton would 
 nteal It. Th.it waa not the riRh' 
 way. If Mr. Whitney had HomethinK 
 locked up in hi» bruin that would 
 benefit \bi Province, he nhould let it 
 be known, arul not try to put bin 
 (ierHon;il advantage or the advantage 
 of h s iiarty before that of the Pro- 
 vince. We heor u great deol of New 
 Ontario, but we would not have had 
 .1 New Ontario if it bad not beenWor 
 Sir Oliver Mowat, who .^aved it when 
 the Conservatives were trying to rob 
 the people of 100,000 nquare miles, 
 which w.is and would continue re- 
 lieving the people of a great deal of 
 local taxation. We have had good 
 Guverninents in the past, but never 
 one NO progressive as the one we have 
 to-day. (Applause.) 
 
 HON. BIR. BTRATTOirs SPBBOH. 
 
 Hon. Mr. St ration, on rising to ad- 
 dress the gathering, was received by 
 a ver> hearty demonstration of ap- 
 plause. He said it must be very 
 gratifying to Mr. Anderson and, in- 
 cidentally, a tribute to the popular- 
 ity of Mr. Blezard, to have such a 
 large and enthusiastic audience pre- 
 sent at the opening meeting of bia 
 campaign. The speaker had once be- 
 fore, six or seven years ago, spoken in 
 
 West wood. It wAn ^t that limp in 
 a Dominion election ronteat, but the 
 Kalht'tiiiif linnight wua vpry much 
 lamer, pa|ipclally an for auch pi- 
 trpmply bad wpalher, and as many 
 wprp from a distance, it ahow d that 
 the I.ibprala of Kast Peterborough 
 were in earneat in promoting Mr. 
 Anderson's candidature. It the 
 comparative hamiful at the 
 meeting in 18M, waa followed 
 by a Liberal victory, tbia muoh laiger 
 gatherinR was a certain and gratify- 
 ing augury of success in the case of 
 Mr. Anderson, the candidate of the 
 Liberal party. (Applause.) Thia nug- 
 ury of auccesa was greatly atrength- 
 ened by the proaeuce of the ladiea, 
 whom the apeaker waa glad to see 
 well repreaented there that night. No 
 matter how few ludiea were present, 
 they were sure to be well represent- 
 ed, and thia waa doubly so when they 
 were out in force. Whatever aide 
 the ladies took up was sure to win. 
 Thoae who were married knew that 
 wan the case in domeatie mattera, 
 and it was generally true in politics. 
 That was the first opportunity he 
 (Mr. Stratton) had bad of addreasinr 
 a public meeting in the East Riding 
 since he became a member of the 
 Ontario Government, and it waa 
 especially gratifying to him on the 
 occasion of auch a splendid beginning 
 of a campaign, which iie firmly be- 
 lieved would result in the triumphant 
 return of the Government candidate 
 and of the Government. (Applause.) 
 For there wa.* no doubt that £aat 
 Peterborough would contribute to 
 thia success by the election of Mr. 
 Anderson. He was much 
 
 PlMsed With Mr. Andvraon'a Addrean. 
 Though he did not claim to be an 
 orator, he showed that he could speak 
 to the point, and, what waa better, 
 he was a man of action, a man of 
 experience in municipal life, a man 
 
of uiistaincd rcputntion, foundrtl upon 
 Lonour.ihli' priiK-iiilos rarr^cU inio his 
 every day liff. II' was a solid man, 
 hiKl'ly eslcemed in tlie community, 
 anil in all respTls just such a man 
 US a rural const itutncy like East 
 PelcrhorouRh needed to look a'ter its 
 int tresis. He could cmlorse every 
 word in praise of Mr. Anderson which 
 Mr. Ulezard liad uttered. His lonK 
 experience in municipal life fitted 
 him tor btnri^? a u.^eful jnember of the 
 hepislature ; and lie was sure that 
 having spent so many years in ex- 
 cellent and sali'-faotory municipal 
 life, he could pive excellent service 
 as the repr"sentative of East Petcr- 
 horouph. Ilis larpc and varied ex- 
 perience in mun'cipal matters could 
 have no other effect than makinp 
 him a most useful member of the 
 House. If the electors took advan- 
 lapR of ihe opportunity of electinp 
 Mr. Anderson, which he felt sure they 
 would do, (hear, hear,) they would en- 
 sure a continu.ition of the excellent 
 rei)resentation they had had at the 
 hands of Mr. UK^zard for nearly a 
 quarter of a century. (Applause.) Mr. 
 HIezard's experience had been a pood 
 deal like what Mr. Anderson's would 
 he,. Like Mr. Anderson, he entered 
 public life with a valuable munici[)al 
 experience. He had b.-en a plain far- 
 mer, yet the event had proved that 
 he had made one of the most useful 
 inemlM-rs that had ever sat in the 
 House. (Applause.) He had piven 
 
 Long and Faithful Service, 
 
 and had earned the rest which for 
 many ye<irs lie had been anxious to 
 lake. In this connection, Mr. 
 St ration stated that the state- 
 ments nir, le by the Conservativ;> press 
 coulil not be believed. The Mail, 
 Toronto Telepram, and the Review, 
 said that Mr. Ulczard was "turned 
 down." Which should know beat- 
 Mr. Dlezard, himself, or these Con- 
 
 servative newspapers, which feeling 
 the weakne.ss of th^ Conservative 
 cause, in Ea.st I'eterborouph esiH!C- 
 ially, must resort t* means like this 
 to try to create dissension in the 
 Liberal party. It was an unfortun- 
 ate condition that newspapers should, 
 to accomplish so triflinp a party ad- 
 vantape, res'.it to wilful and malic- 
 ious misrepresentation of public men. 
 But this oharpe, which had been re- 
 pented and made use of at H.ivelock 
 by Mr. Whitney and Mr. Ford, con- 
 tained as n!uch truth, and no more, 
 than the charpes made apainst Ihe 
 Ontario Government on that occasion 
 by those pentlemcn. 
 
 These, however, were not the mat- 
 ters that they were there that even- 
 inp to discuss. They were of minor 
 importance t( he questions which 
 are and will he really at issue in the 
 cominp contest — questions that de- 
 served the careful and dispassionate 
 conaideraiion of the electors, for, 
 U[>on the 
 
 Public Response to These Questions, 
 Ihe future Government, the future 
 propress and interests of this great 
 province would depend. This was 
 not entirely, or in any important 
 sense, a personal contest between Mr 
 Anderson and Dr. Ford, who were 
 both estimable citizens. But it was 
 the decision of a far more imiK)rtant 
 question— and that was whether Pre- 
 mier Ross and his Government were 
 to he given an opportunity to con- 
 tinue and carry out the policy of de- 
 velopment which they had set them- 
 selves to work out in the interests 
 of the country— to give an adminis- 
 tration and apply a policy that would 
 still further advance this province, 
 and emphasize more strongly the po- 
 sition she now occupies as the most 
 advanced, best governed and best ad- 
 mililsteted province or state in the 
 world. (Applause.) And he believ- 
 
lieved the Govi-rninpnt was strong- 
 er to-(iay in progressive policy and 
 in the estimation of the jwople. Mr. 
 Willi ney at H:ivelock, said the Gov- 
 rrniiient should ho turned out, and 
 would be — "they could not stem 
 the tide." The Government did not 
 need lo stem the tide, Ihey only need- 
 ed to sail with the tide of public opin- 
 ion, which was so strongly in their 
 favour. .Since Hon. Mr. Ross took 
 office there had been some half-dozen 
 bye-eJections, and the Government 
 candidates were either elected by ac- 
 clain.'ition or by large or increased raa- 
 joriiii's, something that did not look 
 as if t hey were struggling against an 
 adverse tide. One of the most 
 
 important matters to consider was 
 what is the state of the finances of 
 the province, wh.cther the Liber- 
 als after thirty years of government, 
 had left us a satisfactory financial 
 standing. Air. Whitney stjated at 
 llavelock, that "once the finances 
 were placed in proper condition, they 
 <the Conservative i>arty) would be 
 able to deal with the development 
 of the material resources and the ed- 
 ucational policy as they should be 
 dealt with. Hence the quastion of 
 the finances was of the «nost impor- 
 tance."' "Now," said Mr. Stratton, 
 "what is 
 
 The Financial Condition 
 
 of the province?" Mr. Whitney said 
 at Havclock that the Government had 
 "departed from the wholesome rule 
 of the late Sandfield Macdonald to 
 keep the expenditures within the rev- 
 enue." The surplus that Sandfield 
 Macdonald left lOn retiring from 
 power had been so often dealt with 
 that it seemed a waste of time to 
 further refer to it. But, Mr. Strat- 
 ton said, he was never unwilling to 
 discuss this matli;r, bfCausc the more 
 it was done the more it redounded 
 to the credit of the financial man- 
 
 agement of the Liberal Government. 
 True, it liad been spent, but how f 
 Aa a matter of fact, Sandfield Mac- 
 donald left no surplus, that is, if one 
 deducted from it the obligations 
 which were left his successors to 
 meet. They had prc-.ctically pledg- 
 ed the whole of the surplus, 83,800,- 
 000, and more, to the work of pub- 
 lic improvement in the people's in- 
 terest. That had hern expended, 
 and many millions more, in services 
 of public utility, and neither Mr. 
 Whitney nor any of his followers 
 could point to a single expenditure 
 in connection with this surplus, or 
 other provincial funds, that had not 
 been well made. One of the first 
 acts of Sir Oliver Mowat when he 
 came, into power was to devote three 
 and a half millions to the settlement 
 of the Municipal Loan Fund, and of 
 this distribution the County of Pet- 
 erborough got nearly 850,000 — 9^1,- 
 832.12. And we had in this county 
 school houses and township hulls that 
 had been erected by the help of these 
 moneys. Mr. Whitney charged the 
 Govern,ment with breaking .Sandfield 
 Macdonald's rule to keep the ex- 
 penaiture within the revenue. This 
 was a charge that 
 
 Oould not be Sustained 
 
 by any honest argument. When our 
 public buildings were being erected 
 it is true* that there were odd years 
 when our revenue did not quite meet 
 the expenditure. That was to be 
 expected. But with few exceptions, 
 the annual receipts have been larger 
 than the expenditure. So much has 
 this been the case, thati on the 27th 
 of last August there \os to the credit 
 of the province in the banks, in cash, 
 81,263,471.00. If the expenditure had 
 exceeded the receipts, this cash 
 Would not Lave been in the bnnk. 
 Mr. Wh'tney's broad and general 
 charge i not quite fair, but as fair 
 
lO 
 
 as tlip ar^'uments he is accustomed 
 to jircscni. Now- a fair way for the 
 Oi)|)i«ition to criticize the financial 
 niana^ciuent of the jirovince would 
 be to point out where out of the 107 
 millions of dollars spent since Con- 
 federation, there had been waste, or 
 extravagance, or inadequate value re- 
 ceived. General rash assertions did 
 not count — it was not argument. 
 We .say it is true that the expendi- 
 ture of the province has increased 
 sini'e 1872, but we show the people, 
 whose servants we are, how this 
 money lias been exi>ended. If we 
 took the past ten years — from 1890 
 to and including 1899 — we shall find 
 the following expenditure: 
 
 1S90 J3.896.324 38 
 
 1891 4,163,563 07 
 
 1892... 4,068,951 68 
 
 1893 3,907,145 32 
 
 1894 3,842,505 23 
 
 1895 3,758,595 44 
 
 1896 3,703,379 73 
 
 1897 3,767,675 70 
 
 1898 3,803,081 38 
 
 1899 3,710,420 81 
 
 And in 1900 the expenditure was 
 83,718,159.41. From 1890 , it: would 
 be observed, till 1900, there had been 
 
 A Decreased Expenditure 
 
 until last year, when the Government 
 undertook to develop New Ontario. 
 Now, liow had this money been an- 
 nually expended? Take last year; 
 of the three and three-quarters mil- 
 lions expended, there was spent for: 
 
 Pubi:c IriBtltutiong mainten- 
 ance J828,201 34 
 
 Education 758,466 26 
 
 Agriculture 209,168 66 
 
 Hospitals and rharltlea 184,898 52 
 
 Public Huikllnga 163,631 10 
 
 Colonization Iloads 133.926 10 
 
 Immlgr.itlon 6,257 46 
 
 Administration of Jua'ice 427,854 72 
 
 Legislation 142,773 45 
 
 Civil aovernmcnt 265.347 53 
 
 Miscellaneous 234,008 70 
 
 Public Works 25,944 01 
 
 Repairs and Maintenance, 
 
 Public nuildlngs 89,040 34 
 
 These were the principal items of 
 
 expenditure, and Mr. Whitney and 
 Mr. i^t. John did not point out where- 
 in they would reduce the expenditure 
 under any of these headings. The 
 fact is that they could not do so 
 without crippling the public service. 
 While the expenditure had been in- 
 creased, it had been increased in les- 
 sening the burdens tha people would 
 otherwise have had to bear. Was 
 it, Mr. Stratton said, extravagance, 
 because we expended from 1872 to 
 1900 seventeen million dollars tci as- 
 sist in the education of the children 
 of the province ? Every year the 
 province gave to every county a 
 grant for Tublic, Sejiarate, High 
 School and Collegiate Institute pur- 
 poses, and every dollar paid by the 
 Government represented a dollar 
 
 Less of Local Taxation. 
 
 (Applause.) Would Mr. Whitney 
 change that policy ? 
 
 Th<! grant for Education in 1872 
 was only 8421,703; last year it was 
 §758,456.26, or an amount of .9337,000 
 per year, or over 81000 more for every 
 working day, than in 1872. This was 
 an increase of expenditure; but the 
 people got the benefit of it directly. 
 Over eighteen million dollars had been 
 expended for public institution main- 
 tenance. But that was na fault of 
 the Government. There was more 
 work to be done— an incre.asingly 
 large number of unfortunates to be 
 cared for. We IkhI only two asy- 
 lums in 1871 ; now we had eight. 
 There were only about 1000 iwtients 
 in 1871; now ther.^ were nearly 6000. 
 In 1871 the expenditure was 8270,662; 
 in 1901 the estimated expenditure was 
 8840,000— nearly half a million dol- 
 lars more than in 1872. Was it a 
 sign of extravagance or bad man- 
 agp-.menf that, while the number of 
 patients had increased over five fold 
 the expenses were less than three 
 
II 
 
 times as proit f Tlierp was more 
 fffeotivc service and better work 
 <l<>iic. Patients wore better cared 
 f(»r. and the ratio of patients dis- 
 I'hartred iis cured was over forty per 
 Ci-nt. of tlie admissions. While at 
 the same tiini^ the cosb jHsr head of 
 maintenance of patients, which was 
 sl3».r)3 in 1872, was now $122.19. Then 
 we had expendc(i noarly five mil- 
 lions for apriouUure — an increasf 
 from S87,0(M( in 1873. to $202,842 in 
 19111. And theae are two of the 
 most important matters we had to 
 deal with. Education and Agricul- 
 ture. It was needless to say that 
 bo( li arc in a 
 
 Healthy and Thrifty Condition. 
 
 The people of Ontario were the best 
 educated people on the continent, and 
 the most projrressive, skilful and suc- 
 rcs.sful farmers in the world. (Ap- 
 plause.) Any person who travelled 
 in other provinces or states could 
 easily see for himself evidences of 
 the agricultural superiority of this 
 province. And in competitive ex- 
 hibits of live stock at the great 
 c'xiK«itions, Canada took a leading 
 position, and as this province was the 
 lartrest and most advanced province, 
 of the several provinces of Confedera- 
 tion, her share in C<inadian agricul- 
 tural triumphs w.is the lion's share. 
 We all remember the splendid record 
 Canada achieved -it the World's Fair, 
 Chicago, but to come down to date 
 the triumphs were greater still. At 
 the I'an-Americtin Exposition, at 
 Buffalo, just closed, the stock rais- 
 ers of the Dominion captured more 
 prizes than all the other exhibitors 
 from two contine.nts ^)ut together. 
 (Applause. They would *)e inter- 
 e.sted in a comparative summary of 
 the cash prize winnings of the Unit- 
 ed Slates, with the prize winnings of 
 Canada, at the Pan-American Ex- 
 position : 
 
 Cattle .. 
 Sheep .., 
 .Swine .. 
 Poultry.. 
 Total 
 
 of 
 
 Total of Canada... 
 
 U.S. 
 
 13,813 40 
 
 1,390 62 
 
 165 00 
 
 1,200 00 
 
 United States... 
 
 Canada. 
 
 13,111 60 
 
 2.152 60 
 
 377 50 
 
 1.100 Ot 
 
 . ..$6,569 03 
 
 ... 6.741 60 
 
 Thus they saw that Canada, with a 
 IK>pulation of less than si.\ millions, 
 at this grcAt exiKieition took nearly 
 SJOO more of cash prizes in the lines 
 mentioned, than the whole of the 
 Unite<l States, with a population of 
 seventy-five millions. (Hear, hear.) 
 But the records jt)f Ontario alone, in 
 Butter and Cheese the past year was 
 something to be proud of. This 
 province last yciar sold thirteen mil- 
 lion dollars worth of cheese — near- 
 ly a million dollars increase over 
 last yeiar, and almost $2.50 for every 
 man, woman and child in the pro- 
 vince. (Applause.) Ontario also 
 sold last ye.ar butter to the value of 
 $1,819,000, also a handsome increase 
 over the preceding year. Thus we 
 had. 
 
 Distributed Among the Farmers 
 
 of Ontario, the large sum of $14,480,- 
 000 for butter and cheese, showing 
 that the province occupied a posi- 
 tion of agricultural advancement of 
 which we might justly be proud, and 
 showing also that the efforts of the 
 Government to promote a profit- 
 bringing knowledge of agriculture in 
 all its branches, had been attended 
 with marke<l success. (Apphuic.) 
 We gave annually about *200 000 to 
 Hospitals and Charities. All told, 
 nearly three and a half milli >n had 
 been devoted to these purposes since 
 1872. The sick must be cared for. 
 Did Mr. Whitney wish to reduce the 
 amount voted for Hospitals and 
 Charities? If he did so, he would 
 have to reduce or cut off the local 
 grants. Would he reduce or cut 
 off the amount of 81,410.10, the sum 
 paid last year to the Nicholls Hospi- 
 
tal, or rcdurp or cut off I In- sum of 
 81,171.83 niven to ^^t. Jiwoiih's Hos- 
 pital, or niniiliirly treat the fjratit 
 of 84^0.03 to the Peterborough I'ro- 
 tcHtunl ]Ioiii(>, or till' Krant of .s4i'J.39 
 to the House of I'rovidence, I'eter- 
 borouRli. Did not these institutions 
 roine to the councils and solicit 
 grants ,' and if these grants wt-re 
 Riven, they would have to be larger 
 if these Governniint grants were 
 withdrawn. Mr. Whitney complained 
 of extravagant exiienditure. If 
 
 there were any extravagan<"e it was 
 in re<luciug the burdens of the peo- 
 ple, (applau.se,) an«l the people would 
 not complain of this, for the i)rovin- 
 cial funds were not derived from 
 direct taxation. The municipali- 
 ties were aided to that extent. We 
 had given over three and a half mil- 
 lioas for Colonization Roads, have 
 built nearly (30(P0 miles, rei>aired 13,- 
 000 m Ics, and built 100,000 lin&al feet 
 of l)ridge.s, with the result that 
 in the outlying districts to-day 
 iiLStead of 15,000 of population, as in 
 1871, there were now nearly 150,000 
 jieople. There had been exi)endcd in 
 Kasl Peterborough alone, $74,071.60. 
 Are not the people of Burleigh 
 Anstruther, Chandos, IJelmont and 
 Melhuen, Dummer, Douro, Asph(Mlel 
 and Oionaljce the better for Ihisex- 
 |ienditure? The Government dealt 
 with public funds cm the principle 
 that it was not their money, but 
 
 It -was the People'e Money 
 
 and it .--hould be expemled in the 
 licople's interests. (Hear, hoar.) 
 And last year a grant of .s3,500 was 
 given to the County to assist in the 
 construction of the Qiemong Lake 
 Briilge, uhich sum would otherwise 
 have had to be levied on the rate- 
 payers. Was not the grant 1o l h? 
 Chemong Bridge in the direct inter- 
 est of the ratepayers, saving thorn 
 BO much direct taxation t Did not 
 
 the same apply to the grant to the 
 Bensfort Bridge two or three years 
 ago, and to the grant this year to 
 the Kinmount Bridge? if the iii- 
 ciea.sed exi)endilure the Oppositou 
 com|)laineil of was due to providing 
 or heliiing to proviile i)Ublic convcti- 
 iences, an<l thus relieve the treas- 
 ury of the county or township, and 
 thus directly relieve the ratepayer, 
 was not that iwrfeclly justifiable | 
 It was the people's money that was 
 being spent, and no matter how much 
 was siicnt, IS long us it benefits the 
 |)Co|)le, the peoi>le had no reason to 
 comiilain, for not a cent of Provin- 
 cial funds was raised by direct tax- 
 ation. The (leople rather enjoyed 
 getting the benefit of money s[)cnt 
 which did not come from their own 
 pockets. (Ap[)Iause.) 
 
 In the past thirty years there had 
 Ijeen e.\pen<led over ten ui:llion.s of 
 dollars for Public Works and Pub- 
 lic Buildings, and it was to be noted 
 that all our Public Buildings had 
 been erected without borrowing one 
 cent of money, something that no 
 other province or country had done. 
 Over five millions of this had been 
 sijeni for asylum and reformatory 
 purposes alone, an<l about seven mil- 
 lions of dollars for railway aid.. We 
 had helped to build :il:itj miles of 
 railway out of 5256 miles built— 
 more than would reach acro'ss the 
 ocean. That would mean seven par- 
 allel lines from Toronto to Mon- 
 treal and four lines from Windsor to 
 Montreal. What railway had we 
 aided that shouldn't have been aided f 
 In lhe.se items alone there is a grand 
 total of over seventy-five millions, 
 wh'.ch is practically an uncontrol- 
 l.iLle expenditure. 
 
 All Iiesseningr Taxation and Helpins 
 the People. 
 
 Mr. Stratton a.sked where was the 
 railway or the road that should not 
 
'3 
 
 hive tieon bull? Where was llic 
 liiihvay ih.it the people would be 
 willitm' to ilo au'iiy wilh? Where 
 \v;i.>4 I he F'ublc Work tliiit was not 
 require I ? Where wa.« the Public 
 lluililiriM^ not utilized? From what 
 h'i-<pital or rharitabic InHtitution 
 would you rut off the small urant 
 it peiN f Where are patients in 
 public iiiHlilul ions more economic- 
 ally or better maintained than in 
 >iur in-i ii m idiT* ? Peibip?" Mr. Wlii*- 
 noy wanlN. as he puis it, to Ret the 
 financie>V in a proper coiMlition by 
 comiM-llinK municii)alities to main- 
 tain their insane, which are now 
 cared for by the Province, or does he 
 wi.-h to unload the care of the insane 
 now assumed by the Province upon 
 the home, or, as is done in some of 
 the other provinces, on the nearest 
 relative? Does he desire the grants 
 to be withdrawn from all the Aijri- 
 cu'.iural Associations? Does he wish 
 the ex|)»nse of the Administration of 
 .lustice to be borne by the counties, 
 instead of bein^ shared by the Gov- 
 ernment ? Does he want the llipli 
 .*^ch"<>l. Public School and Separate 
 Scho(d grants withdrawn? Uy what 
 mysterious way dees he propose to 
 reduce ih? exiK-nditure ? The County 
 of Pelerboroui-'h bid received from 
 the Ontario Government from 1B71 
 to lOdii, :iiclusi\e. not lukiiis tho 
 present year into account, the lur^e 
 sum of >i844,'J7(i.O() for the following 
 services, .•-hcwinfr 
 
 The Amount of Benefit 
 
 derived by County of Peterborough 
 from lb71 to 1900. inclusive: 
 
 Maintenance of Peterborough 
 
 paiU'Uts 111 Insane Asylums... 14,205 30 
 Maintenance of prisoners in 
 
 CVnti.ll Prison 14,205 30 
 
 Maintenance and Education of 
 
 boys sent to Reformatory... 12,353 53 
 Education and care of blind 
 
 chililicn 13,414 95 
 
 Kducation and care of deaf 
 
 and dumb children 15.409 10 
 
 Direct Grants to Public, Sep- 
 arate and HiKh Sclioola 
 
 Aid to Public Libraries 
 
 Grants to Agricultural So- 
 cieties 
 
 To assist Administration of 
 
 Justice 
 
 Aid to Ilospltala and Charities 
 Mcholls Hospital, -started In 
 
 1S90 
 
 St. Joseph's Hospital 
 
 started In 1S92 
 
 Protestant Home, started 
 
 In 1886 
 
 House of Providence, started 
 
 In 1890 
 
 Aid to Railways : — 
 Cobourg, P<t< Thorough and 
 
 Marmora Railway 
 
 Grand Junction Railway 
 
 Paid under Surplus Distribu- 
 tion 
 
 Grants to Colonization Roads 
 Kast and West Peterborough 
 
 20«,091 00 
 13,304 52 
 
 44,171 00 
 
 52,495 91 
 
 19.234 74 
 9,595 35 
 
 <,112 78 
 5,308 76 
 
 18,740 00 
 56,568 00 
 
 47,832 12 
 
 141,928 21 
 
 }844,973 66 
 Here we had nearly a million of 
 dollars paid to th." County of Peler- 
 horoutrh directly from the Prnvin- 
 eial treasury. (Applause.) What 
 had been done for Pi terborouRh had 
 been done in i)roportion for every 
 county in the iirovini'e. If only half 
 the amount had been exjK^nded in this 
 way, leaving the counties to pay the 
 balance, we might have had the coun- 
 ties burdened with debt, or the tax 
 payer poorer, and might have had a 
 big surplus in tuft treasury. The 
 O[)po5ition say that we have .squan- 
 ■dered the money. Where wis this 
 money squandered? Did Mr. Whit- 
 ney, or can Mr. Whitney, show what 
 has been squandered in East Peter- 
 borough, or what ha.s been sinint 
 that was not directly in the people's 
 interests ? Reckless assertion didn't 
 convince a jury; there must be evi- 
 dence, and the jieople in this case 
 are the jury, nnd Mr. Whitney must 
 bring something more than strong 
 language before he can hope to get a 
 verdict in his favour. (Applause.) 
 I.el us t.tke. said Mr. Stratton, the 
 expenditure per head, of the various 
 provinces, ami sec Low we stand. 
 For every man, wonrm and child 
 
ilieip is .Hpcnt in th< following pro- 
 viiiccsi the frtllowiiit; sums : 
 
 Pilncp IMWMKl Island }2 82 
 
 Urltlsh Columbia 9 S8 
 
 Manitoba 4 3>i 
 
 Nfw Iliunswick 2 47 
 
 Nova Scotia 2 04 
 
 QuibfC 2 74 
 
 Ontario 1 74 
 
 So that lu!rL' was furtlier prtHjf lh;it 
 Ontario liad 
 
 Flrst-Claaa Financial Management. 
 
 A [urllicr contrast was submittetl: 
 Quebpc paid evi-ry year a million unit 
 u lialf <lollar.s as interest on I he 
 money she owed. Ontario received 
 every year .'^314,000 of interest on 
 moneys invested. Quebec had a 
 (;ro.ss debt of tli'. riy-five millions. 
 Ontario, after liquidating^ every dol- 
 lar of railway cerlitiiatcs and an- 
 nuities, meeting every outstanding 
 obligation, would have, if the affairs 
 of the province were handed over to- 
 morrow, two and a half million dol- 
 lars of a surplus. (Applause.) Brit- 
 ish Columbia had a dt-bl of seven and 
 II hall millions; Nova Scotia, near- 
 ly four millioiM ; New Urunswirk over 
 three millions; Manitoba nearly six 
 millions. Kvcry city and town in 
 the Dominion had a debt, except On- 
 tario and no public servants in any 
 country or any iittt had exi>cnded the 
 money of the pcopl,; to better ad.- 
 vantat?e than the Government of 
 Ontario. (Applause.) Ontario was 
 in a class by herself in the matter of 
 ''-eedom from debt. If you want, 
 Mr. St ration said, to get her into 
 tlu>. congenial comi>any of the other 
 provinces in this respect, turn our 
 affairs over to Mr. Whitney, ami 
 rest a.ssured that in less than five 
 years Ontario won't be lonesome any 
 longer, and will be able to boast of 
 her debt as she now tan boast of her 
 iuiplus. (Applau.si>.) We had a 
 sample of what the Opposition would 
 do. They wanted to give away 
 
 our license revenue, from which we 
 re<-eivcrl last year «3.54,0(t0 ; they op- 
 posed succession duties, from 
 which last ye-ir we obtained S-J6.676. 
 They have alw-ijs been 
 
 Opposed to SuccesBlon Duties. 
 
 from which wo have derived a mil- 
 lion and u iiatf ilollars of revenue. 
 They op|iot«ed the Revenue Bill, from 
 which the province got last year 
 SL':i<J,771. \W received from these 
 three sources alone nearly three and 
 a quarter of a million last year, nearly 
 enough to [lay the annual i)rovincial 
 appropriation for Kducation. Would 
 Mr. Whitney abolish thess, as hf had 
 opposed them? Is that the way he 
 would "get our finances right ?" How 
 is he going to cut oft the revenue 
 and reduce llie i xpenditure at the 
 same time? If he reduced the ex- 
 pediture he would have to ttmch the 
 people hard, for about nine-tenths 
 of the provincial expenditure repre- 
 sented money returned to the peo- 
 ple to save or lessen their local t;ixa- 
 tion. But those who knew Mr. 
 Whitney knew that he talked very 
 largely for effect, 
 
 THE TIMBBR QUESTION AND POLICY 
 
 Ths OppciS tion insistently and, as 
 the facts exsted, unre^asonably, com- 
 plained of the management of the 
 Crown domain by the Liberal Gov- 
 ernmenl. The province, Mr. .>^t rat- 
 ton said, had received from Woods 
 and l-'orests twenty-six or twenty- 
 seven millions of dollars, and the 
 l)rovince had expended upon |iublic 
 buildings and the maintenance of un- 
 fortunates in our asylums a sum 
 equal to, or rather a little larger, 
 than the revenue from forests. It 
 was a continual cry that the timber 
 resources of the country were not 
 jiidicimisly handlsd. Before consid- 
 ering that question, it might be per- 
 tinent to inquire if the Conservative 
 
•5 
 
 party would do any bettpr. Imleed, 
 judning by the past, they would do 
 much worse. When the Conserva- 
 tives were trying, but prevented by 
 Sir Oliver Mowat, to give away to 
 Quebec and M.nitoba 100,000 .iquarc 
 miles of territory belonging to On- 
 tario, to get II lit.'." "rake o£" be- 
 fore the a|>oil was d 'id, the Con- 
 servative Government of the Do- 
 minion gave away — it couldn't be 
 called sold — to the, faithiul of the 
 party, members of Parliament and 
 party workers, 50,000 square miles 
 of timber land at less than one cent 
 an acre, and amongst those getting 
 a slice was Mr. William Broder, a 
 bosom friend and political chum of 
 Mr. Whitney. Could that be called ju- 
 diciously handling our timber re- 
 sources? To describe these two 
 transactions required rather strong 
 language, and Mr. Whitney could 
 not complain if his own words were 
 borrowed to characterize these two 
 '•deals" — as the 'most phenomenal 
 steal, the most heinous crime, and 
 the greatest attempt at public rob- 
 bery, ever attempted in this or any 
 other country." 
 
 Our Cro»ra Lands. 
 
 There was no feature of the Lib- 
 eral Government which had been 
 more persistently and unreasonably 
 assailed than its relation to the 
 Crown Lands — more especially its 
 timber policy. They had been ac- 
 cused of wastefulness, of extrava- 
 gance, of squandering the Provincial 
 resources, of spending their capital. 
 There was no single Department 
 which had been more judiciously and 
 cautiously adm,inistered with an eye 
 both to the present and future re- 
 quirements of the people. The man- 
 agement of the timber resources of 
 the Province of Ontario would chal- 
 lenge comparison with that of any 
 state or province on the continent, as 
 
 to the completeness with which the 
 liublic interests were .safeguarded, 
 and the extent of the revenue se- 
 cured in proportion to the privileges 
 granted to the public. 
 
 The jmlicy of the Government oa 
 regarded the forests had been as in 
 other departments, a progressive 
 policy. It had been di-veloped step 
 by step as conditions changed and 
 new exigencies aroae. They owed 
 ni> thanks to ithe Opponition, who bad 
 not contributed anything in the way 
 of constructive suggestions. Intri- 
 cate problems b;id frequently arisen 
 owing to the advance of settlement, 
 to international relations and to the 
 growth of the market, awl the i>08- 
 siblc danger of the exhaustion of the 
 supply, but the Government had 
 twidly faced and settled them all. 
 
 The accusation of the reckless de- 
 struction of the forests was an old 
 one. It was a favourite Opposition 
 cry a generation ago. Every timber 
 sale was grei'ted with the outcry, 
 "Oh.you are devastating the forests ; 
 you are living on your capital." The 
 latter expression h;id become one of 
 the slock Opposition cries. It was 
 heard regularly every session. Now 
 what was the "capital" of a com- 
 munity but its productive capacity! 
 The land of by far the greater pro- 
 portion of settled Ontario and uf a 
 considerable area of New Ontario, as 
 everyone knew, 
 
 Oould be Turned to Better Account 
 
 in raising wheat and cattle, cheese 
 and butter, than by letting it re- 
 main timbered. So long as the soil 
 w.-is fit for agriculture and the set- 
 tler was waiting to follow up the 
 lumberman, making the country 
 many times more productive than 
 before, they were surely husban<ling 
 and increasing the real "capital" of 
 the country by its clearance. 
 But there was another point over- 
 
10 
 
 lookcil tiy llip rritirs of the Govi-rn- 
 uiRot, viz., Ilial, with tho pxtcnsiun 
 or si'ttliMiicnt ami ihi' rniiKt ruction of 
 I>i«iif'cr iiulu-;i.v8, the ilingcr of cx- 
 tcti.slvc losHCH of Nt.inilinn timbnr by 
 fin- \\!\s ^really iiKTiMsud. I.arjji- 
 rtnioiis lii'd in liiui's i>ast hi;en dev- 
 a.statcil by llicsi! vinitations. Tire 
 waM a tar niivitiT oausp of <lDntruc- 
 tioii tliun the luuihprman'a axp. Re- 
 |)catc(l confli^rations inorpover of- 
 tBn (lc.stroyi'<l tin; jMUver of tin- foicst 
 to ri'produci' itself. Wherever net- 
 t lenient wa.s a<tvan<-inK and the land 
 wa.s fit for aKrieuUuro, it was the 
 |)rudent and proiier course to real- 
 ize the value of the limber as quickly 
 as |>()ssible. Moreover, the stand- 
 injj timber was subject to natural 
 decay. To attempt to conserve the 
 forest by excludinjr the lumbermen 
 was simply to allow the maturing 
 cro|> to (50 to waste— to permit your 
 "capital" to stand idle, and deter- 
 iorate. 
 
 As the wave of civilization rolled 
 northward, a region was reached 
 which was not well adapted for ag- 
 ricultural puri>oses. Large areas 
 were sterile, rough and broken. The 
 land produced timber, and that be- 
 ing destroyed, it was not fitted to 
 pnxluce anything else of value. 
 Plainly an entirely diffc-ent policy 
 was demanded from that pursueil in 
 dealing with agricultural lands. Sci- 
 entific research had demonstrated 
 the necessity of keeping a certain 
 proportion of the land permanently 
 in timber in order to promote equa- 
 ble rainfiill and to thus preserve 
 clim.it ic conditions favourable to 
 agriculture. Great advances had 
 been made of late years in the science 
 of forestry as applicable to the eco- 
 noiiiic cnndiiions provailinsr on this 
 continent. But it took some time 
 to pojiularize the idea. Those who 
 had been accustomed to regard the 
 
 forest ns m enemy to 
 
 be overcome 
 supply as 
 .in end, 
 need of tor- 
 
 and the tinit)er 
 practically without 
 
 were slow to realize lb' 
 est preserv.ition. Th • fact that tho 
 region immediately to the north of 
 t b<> .settled ar«'a was not only com- 
 paratively infertile, but was also the 
 source of many streams and rivers 
 pointed to the desirability of main- 
 taining large portions of it as 
 
 Permament Forest Reserves. 
 
 The lands being wilheld from .set- 
 tlement and prolecleil against fire, 
 will furnish a source from which a 
 supply of tim))cr can be steadily 
 <lrawn under conditions which will 
 allow of the crop being reproduced. 
 On this question the Government has 
 not lieen merely abreast of [lublic 
 opinion — they had been a long dis- 
 tance in advance of it. Th-y might 
 fairly I* said to have created it. For 
 eighteen years they ha<l been edu- 
 cating the public on the subject. The 
 .ipproprialions necessary to main- 
 tain the Bureau of Forestry had tieen 
 opposed by the very men, including 
 Mr. Whitney, the leader of Oppo- 
 sition, who had protested against 
 timi.er sales as wasteful and des- 
 tructive. Their idea of "preserv- 
 ing the capital" of the Province was 
 simply to shut out the lumbermen 
 and leave the trees to mature and 
 decay— or more probably, go up in 
 smoke, and sink itown in ashes. 
 
 As a result of investigations of the 
 Forestry Bureau, acting in co-oi>er- 
 ation with practical lumbermen, for- 
 est reserves had been established. It 
 was altogether a new departure. 
 The Government had not proceeded 
 rashly or hastily. They had advanc- 
 ed step by step, with due regard to 
 all interests concerned, whether of 
 the public, the settler, or the lum- 
 berman. They had begun in 1893 by 
 •setting aside Algonquin Park, com- 
 
prisini; l,l(i!i,iim) .ineH. AncMher ro- 
 srrvp of HIP.IMiO ucres was nfterwnr«l« 
 MM iiwiile in the Counties of Aildintrton 
 mil Kronlcnac ; lh«n im iireii of 40,- 
 (KKI Mcren near Port Arthur, and last 
 v«>ir thp pinp hcarinn ri'nion arouml 
 K;ik«- Tpma^taIni, rovprintt 1,40(),(KK) 
 irros h ul hepn ronstitulod a ro- 
 servp, making in all upwards of two 
 iirllion and a half acres. Other areas, 
 \vh <"h mifrht on survey be found suit- 
 •'i| for I hp purpoHp, mittht he added to 
 ihc Ixt under the authority jriven to 
 the Government by the 
 
 Forest R«*«rvM Act of 189B. 
 In the I'nited StiLtes this question 
 hid l)een forced upon the national 
 iind state ffovernments by popular 
 Imitation. Influential societies and 
 prominent newspapers took ths mat- 
 ter up and ur|i:ed it on the attention 
 of legislators. In Ontario the Lib- 
 eral Government led ths movement. 
 Thoy (rrappled with the problem of 
 their own accord, and created the 
 puhlc sentiment necessary to enable 
 I hem to carry out their views. Only 
 ri short time apro widespread mis- 
 conceptions on the subject prevail- 
 ed. It was the general popular be- 
 lief that the pine foicst would not 
 repr(><luce itself — that when the or- 
 iirin.il tfrowth was once removed, 
 noth'nK but inff rit)r kinds of timber 
 wouM succeed it. This impression 
 WHS shared even by experienced lum- 
 liermen. Tha latter, con.sequently, 
 sout'ht to clear off their limits as 
 ((uirkly '"^ i)ossibIe without looking 
 forward to a fresh tirowth as a fu- 
 ture a.sset. It had now been clearly 
 established and was generally under- 
 skkkI, that the first growth of pine 
 whi'n cleared away, would be succeed- 
 el by another, if due care was taken 
 lo keep out fire. In short, it had 
 !.^'?n «h^wn that it was possiblp and 
 profitable to treat the forest like a 
 farm, reaping periodical crops of the 
 
 mature limber, and prpservintf the 
 conditions favourable to the growth 
 of Mn<iiher timber harvest. 
 
 Th:' whole lumbering industry was 
 tieing put upon a more stable and 
 perniinent basis. Th' establishment 
 of the system of fire-ranging in \>'Kt 
 and its subsequent extension hid 
 greatly lessened th^ danger of loss 
 from fire. The confidence and ro- 
 ofieration of the lumbermen had been 
 secured. They were induced to see 
 th.ii, with proper precautions against 
 forest fires, lh?ir interests were Is-st 
 served, not by wholesale and inilis- 
 criminate cutting, but by taking 
 out the larger timber and letting 
 the younger trees attain maturity. 
 
 The Opposition had had no share 
 in shaping the policy of the Govern- 
 ment on this question. They had 
 done nothing but shriek hysterically, 
 " Woodman, spare that tree," when- 
 ever the Government held a timber 
 sale. There would be about as muih 
 sense in crying "Farmer, spare that 
 wheat," when harvest time came. 
 
 The Principle of Bconomlc Forestry 
 was that every tree should be cut as 
 soon as it had attained maturity, 
 and that another should replace it. 
 The Opposition had shown no intelli- 
 gent grasp of the situation. On 
 April 4, l8iM, they introduce! a resolu- 
 tion to strike out the appropri;it ion 
 for salary and disbursements of th? 
 Clerk of Forestry, on th" ground that 
 the offic3 should Ih! discontinued. On 
 .Vpril 10th. 189.'), they again opposed 
 the vote, but on a totally different 
 grouml. Mr. Rowland moved that it 
 sh')uM Ije struck out,—" the same 
 t)c'ng inadequate- for any useful pur- 
 pose in that behalf." Messrs. Whit- 
 ney and Mtscampbell. who the year 
 before had voted for the abolition of 
 the. office as being unnec^as.ary, .sMiU 
 tified themselves by also supporting 
 the latter motion, which admitted 
 
 
Ih<- utilily of Ihn officp and derlirp-l 
 ihf exiii-niliture inHufficU-nt. It was 
 juKt the fianiR viiKue, Hbufflinit. con- 
 tradictory utiilude which they px- 
 bihited IhroUKhout. The OpiKwilion 
 bad no jKillcy in renard to our tim- 
 ber; they n|)|ipar<'<l to be moved by 
 tb<' caprice of tlw moment, which 
 aeemcd to promitte embi»rrns»ment 
 to ih" Government which was juM-kinn 
 to carry out a <lefinite policy in Ihp 
 interests of our timber industry and 
 resources, an<l conscqwintly in the 
 interests of Ihi- Province. 
 
 The Forest ry problem was a prob- 
 lem no lonKer. It had been satisfact- 
 orily sidved. A policy had been in- 
 auKurateti which injured to the Pro- 
 vince a permanent revenue, and to 
 the industry an<\ commerce of the 
 future a i»erpctual source of timber 
 supply. 
 
 An Impudent 01»lm. 
 
 The claim, which in the lijiht of 
 the facts, he would present, was 
 nothinfr less than impudent, had 
 been frequently made by the Oppos- 
 ition leaders that the iK>licy of re- 
 quirinjf all lumber to be manufactur- 
 ed in Canada, originated with them, 
 and that the Government in insert- 
 ing a clause to this effect in timber 
 licenses in accordance with the act 
 of 1898, had .stolen their policy. They 
 had charged furthermore that the 
 course of the Government had been 
 incon-sistcnt and fluctuating. The 
 Government policy had been regulat- 
 ed by the requirements of the situ- 
 tion, which had varied from time 
 to time, according to our relations 
 with the United States — i the coun- 
 try which furnished the chief for- 
 eign market for our luml>cr. It 
 was not a question of abstract prin- 
 ciple but purely one of commercial 
 expediency. The aim o£ the Gov- 
 ernment had been to do what was 
 beat for the interests of Ontario un- 
 
 der existing conditions regulating ac 
 ceas to the I'nited States markets. 
 
 Under the Reciprocity Treaty Can- 
 adian lumber wna freely admitted to 
 the American market, and every- 
 thing was satisfactory. In 1866 that 
 treaty was abrogated, and a duty of 
 20 per cent, ad valorem' impoeed on 
 lumber, Canada, in turn, placing an 
 export duty of SI per 1000 feet D.M 
 on saw logs. A severer blow was 
 inflicted on the lumber trade in 1872 
 when the American Government im- 
 posed a specific duty of $2 per 1000 
 feet on manufactured lumber, with- 
 out regard to its quality. The re- 
 sult was to shut out the lower grades 
 which Could no longer be profitably 
 exported. The home market for 
 these >>eing limitiMi, much rough cull 
 lumber was wasted. The cost of 
 lumbering was increased, wasteful 
 aad destructive methods were en- 
 couraged and profits seriously re- 
 duced. 
 
 Uuring a period of many years fol- 
 lowing, the question was left in the 
 hands of the Dominion Government 
 na pertaining to trade and commerce. 
 The lumber trade was only one of 
 many interests affected by hostile 
 American legislation. Efforts were 
 made from time to time to obtain 
 either a renewal of the Reciprocity 
 Treaty or freer trade relations. There 
 was no question then of requiring 
 saw logs to be sawn in Canada, as 
 
 There was no Exportation of Logs 
 
 to the United States. This practice 
 did not develop until 1886, when the 
 export of logs from the north shore 
 of Lake Huron was brought to the 
 notice of the Government. Al- 
 
 though the shipment.s were but small, 
 the Government took action. By an 
 act passed in that year the export 
 duly \s us luoretised to $2 per thous- 
 and, and the Governor-in-Council 
 authorized to increase it to 83 if it 
 
•9 
 
 was <1c('mi><l PziM>dient. This wan 
 doiip by ()rilpr-in-Council in 1S88. In 
 view. howi-viT, of u proboblR arr:ingp- 
 mcnt with (he United States for a 
 rpdurtion nt the duties on sawn lum- 
 hcr. Ihp export duty on Iorh was 
 aKuin rpilurpd to 9i on July 5th, 
 1889. followpd by its final abolition 
 diiriiiu the fullowinff year. In the 
 five yp^irs from 1880 to 18U0, the Do- 
 iiilnion Uovernment, (Conser- 
 
 vative* dealt with the ques- 
 tion five, diffprent times. Down 
 erninent hud been universally recog- 
 nized as the proper authority to deal 
 with the questions at issue, owin^ 
 to the (rencral desire to obtain bet- 
 ter trade relations with the United 
 .States, and the importance of the 
 luwiH'r regulations as an element in 
 the negotiation*. And the Ontario 
 tloverniiient of Sir Oliver Mowat, and 
 the Uotiiinion Government of i*ir John 
 Macdonald alvays evidently regarded 
 and dealt with this very important 
 matter us if ithey wer^ of one opinion, 
 and there never had been any dispute 
 between the two Government.t on this 
 point. Sir Oliver Mowat, noturally 
 left the matter with the Dominion, 
 which had the jurisdiction in inter- 
 national negotiations, to be used as 
 a lever to secure more favourable 
 trade relations with the United 
 Slates. 
 
 The Manufacturing Condition ImpoMd. 
 
 At this stage, before any conclusion 
 had been reached, the Ontario Gov- 
 ernment held a timber sale in 18'J0. 
 As the territoiy offered for sale in- 
 cluded a large area from which ship- 
 went8 could easily be made to the 
 United States, the Ontario Govern- 
 ment deeming such action in har- 
 mony with the policy of the Domin- 
 ion, and altogether expedient under 
 the then existing conditions, insert- 
 ed a condition in the terms of sale 
 
 requiring the logs to be sawn in Can> 
 ■du. 
 
 Shortly afterwards the long de- 
 sired understanding with the United 
 States was reached. In reply to a 
 question in the House of Commons, 
 Sir John Maodonald stated that in 
 the event of the United Slates Con- 
 gress reducing the imi>ort duty on 
 sawn lumber to $1 per 1000 feet, the 
 Canadian Government would remove 
 the PX|iort duty on saw togs. This 
 information wua conveyed to the 
 American Government. The Unit- 
 ed States import duty was reduced to 
 SI and the Domimon Government re- 
 ciprocated by removing the export 
 duty. 
 
 An Impractlcabla SassMrtlon. 
 
 So far there had been no agitation 
 for any Provincial action. Mr. Mer- 
 edith had suggested that in future 
 sales a condition of manufacture in 
 the country should be inserted — 
 but the I' "lent reached with the 
 
 United _St. es.tenitially changed the 
 situation. had secured the pros- 
 
 perity of the lumbering interest. It 
 had enlarged the market for lumber 
 and augmented the profits of the 
 trade. To make it a coniHtion of 
 future sales, would luave re-opened 
 the whole question, and incurred the 
 danger of losing the advantages ol- 
 ready secured. The United States 
 would have regarded such action as 
 contrary to the spirit of the undcr- 
 standinsr arrived at. and a breach 
 of good faith. There would have 
 been an immediate danger of the rc- 
 imjKHition of thei old duty, or a high- 
 er one, which would have paralyzed 
 the lumber trade, or brought on a 
 financial crisis. 
 
 These considerations, coupled with 
 the fact that only a small portion of 
 the timber region affected present- 
 ed opportunities for the shipment of 
 logs to the. United States, amply jus- 
 
iifiiil I III' (iovi'inrii 'tit III ftiniititiu 
 I he liiiMiilf K'liir IIK •■I'll'*'' ill dillMcc- 
 tioii Willi III'- liiiiliiT .talc ln'lil III \>"J.i. 
 
 Th» RmuU Proved th* Wtidom 
 
 i.f I li X (li'lirtiiiimiion. Out of I liu 
 (i:»:» iiiilcx Midil. imlv 7H iiiili'w wiTc 
 jiiir. li i»''il by Am li'.ins, from wli cli 
 III! lokf niTi' i'X|iiii li'il. 'I'lii' I'litiip 
 • luaiililv (>f liv "liipi'P'i HTosH tilt' 
 liiii' fioiii I III- TiTrititry .li<l im' <x- 
 «'i'i'il r»,IM(((,()lHl feci, yi't, if till- tliip""- 
 itioii li'aili-r"'* «ui/Ki'<tli<>n lint lli''i> 
 
 Im'I'II fl>lll>Ul'<l.l 111' liuVITnilll'nl.Kl M'lVC 
 
 ih.M IrifliriK liw"*. woulil liiivi' plunii- 
 I'll till' wholi' liiiiihr tiiiiJc into «'on- 
 fux.Kri, I'liilanKiTi'il I In' M.ilisfiictory 
 uikIi'I'.mI anililik' aiiivi'il at with I lu> 
 WathiiK' on (iovcrntiicnt, and i'ffi'<'- 
 luiillv blo'ki'il till- way tunny further 
 
 During till' MPMsidn of 1H93. a iiio- 
 lioii was intr(¥lu<i'<l hy Mr. MiMcamp- 
 IhII. M.I'. I'., for Ka.Ht SiiiK'o*', as fol- 
 lowM : 
 
 •'That all the words after 'that' 
 111' slnwk out, and the followinn 
 Miihstitutea : 'Tliis House di.sap- 
 prove.s of the policy of 
 <l «poMinK of thfi timber 
 
 ri'serve.s of the Province without 
 its approval tjeinjf fir.st obtained, 
 uiul \h of the opitvion tl>al the 
 rinhi to cut timber i.|>on the 
 present re.serves should be 
 
 Mild under sueh ciindilions as will 
 ensure th' manufacture of luiii- 
 lier cut therefrom within the 
 I'rovince, and more effectually 
 truar<l ajiainst the unnecessary 
 cutting an<l destruction of small 
 tiiiiler trrowinn in such reserves." 
 
 The Fallacy of the Resolution. 
 
 Th s resolution, licinn moved on 
 K'dinu into tVimmittee of Supply, 
 could nut lie amended. It embodied 
 two <listinrt propdsil ions which had 
 n'llh nn to <lii with each other. The 
 G ivernment could not in any case 
 iccept the first of these, requirimr 
 a previous vote of th' l^eRisIat ure 
 le'ore timber could he sold. Forest 
 fiiet often rendered it necessary to 
 dispose promtitly of damaiied tim- 
 twr to prevent preat loss, wh rh 
 inipht result while waiting months 
 or a year for a sltlinp of the House. 
 Th"^ wordinir of the clause relating 
 to the manufacture of lumber was 
 objectionable even if th' G:)V«'rn- 
 mcnt hid been disposed at th.-it time 
 to accept th3 (leneral principle. Hy 
 
 conrmint: 'be uiiinufacture of luni- 
 lnT to the "I'lovinre"— "wit Inn I h« 
 I'rovince." 't would hive prevented 
 giM'licc null owners huyinn and op- 
 erating limits in Oiit.inii Thi' mo- 
 tion in such I lorm did not ri>mni«nd 
 Itself to the House, uiHl wan ilefeiiteil 
 by :i majority of lil. 
 
 Durinn the cauipaiktn of l^iM the 
 policy id Ih" Governtueni w i* clearly 
 defined in a p/imphlet reviewing lli« 
 sit ual ion an follows ; 
 
 • Tb;'^ policy of the Governm«'nt 
 •IS to the question of iiiip<»»inn 
 iii.inufacturinjf conditions hi« 
 U'Pn ami is, ihit while the ques- 
 tion of ailmittinw: ranadim |uin- 
 l*r to the American market 
 free <if <luty, is Ijefore th' I'on- 
 jfieis of thi! 1 nited Slates, it 
 wi.iiM lie advisable, and possibly 
 ilisasirous, to Impose manuf.ict- 
 
 urinir eim<litions upon them 
 
 It Will I* time enounh to con- 
 suler what the policy should be 
 in the future, after we have seen 
 what actiim the American ("on- 
 (Tie-is take-t on ths very vital and 
 important matter. The Givern- 
 ment are ojien to <leal with t h*" 
 <|ueslion in the miinner N'st suit- 
 el to the publ c wants." 
 
 Th* People Approved. 
 The question was ihorouifhly dis- 
 cus.s<'d before th;; electors, and tho 
 popular verdict Hustained th' admin- 
 istration. Shjrtly iifterwurds the 
 passage of the Wilson iiill through 
 the I nit el States Congress removed 
 the remaining imiiorl duty on lum- 
 ber, and the Canadian Manulacturer 
 secure! free ateess to th' American 
 m.irket. Free lumU'r removed th; 
 iiuentivB to Ih' exportation of saw 
 lugs. The lumlrer trade ol Ontario 
 receved ,i great stimulus. Hot h the 
 eoa'-.se and fine grades of lumber, 
 were exported, production was cheap- 
 ened, waste lessened and th' inilustry 
 enjoyed a h gh degree of pros|K'rity. 
 Hiil with the advent of the Re- 
 publican party to power, in 1H97, 
 came a complete change. The Ding- 
 ley 11:11. embodying a highly pro- 
 tectionist tariff, was enacted. ThJ 
 import <lutv on sawn lumber was 
 place 1 at 82.00 per 1000 feet, and 11 
 clause was added providing that in 
 ci.-e .in export duty on lugs w.ts im- 
 IKced by Canada, or any other 
 country, an equal amount would be 
 
it 
 
 idtlatl tu the I niied ^t<ti«ii luipurt 
 <lut> uti lumber. Tbi* dranlic uct 
 tvmlciJ ilirectly lo eucuuriHcc ib** 
 ii.iaoit!!' i>( lutulwr luunufuot urine 
 frout Uotiifiu lu tb« I niteU SittieH, 
 tiiil tbf ruoiMMiuvDi Nbipuient u( muw- 
 luK** uvron!) tbe Iwrdar. Morvoviir, tW 
 iilwruUun ul tbe automatic rluunu, 
 riiifiinK tbe import duty tu tbe extent 
 <>( ib« export duly wbic4) miKbt bu 
 iiii|iiw«d by tb« Uomioion on Iukii, 
 luude it iupuHsible (or tbu l>uminioQ 
 iitdtiul effectively witb tbe aituatiou. 
 A r«.H(>n to un exoort duty would 
 '<iiuply bave clueed tbi American 
 luuikci ugainMt ua entirely, and bavc- 
 (larulyzed tbe Qinadian export lum- 
 ht>r trade witb tbe United Staten. 
 
 Action BeoMB* Imp««UTe. 
 
 1 1 Ijecitmc r|«-iirly tbe duty of tba^ 
 Oiiiiino Uoveromenl to Krapple witb 
 (b«- problem. Accordingly, after h 
 full conniderution of tbe argument* 
 on botb Nidet of tbe ca«e, tbe Liberal 
 Government laid down tbe principle 
 ibat 111! future aalea of limitu abould 
 Rontain u condition requiring all tbe 
 lumber cut to be sawn " in Oanada," 
 no) " witbin tbe Province," as tbe 
 Opuosltion ruolutiou d*manded, 
 and ibat witb tbe iasuing of tbe 
 .v«urly licensea after April 90tb. 1898, 
 tbe timber on all limita, no matter 
 wben Hold, would also be required to 
 be sawn in tbis country. Tbia pol- 
 icy met witb tbe approTal of tbe 
 LeKisIature, and was embodied in tbe 
 Act of 1838. 
 
 Tbe policy of tbe Government baa 
 been judiciotia, clear and conaistent 
 tbrouKbout. Wbile tbere was a rea- 
 sonable expectation ot securing, by 
 igreement, sueb favourable legisla- 
 tion by tbe United States, aa would 
 admit Canadian lumber eitber free 
 or under a moderate duty to tbeir 
 markets, tbe Ontario Oovernment. 
 realizing tbat tbe broader question 
 o( tbe reciprocal concessions affect- 
 inpr tbe general trade relations of 
 tbe two oountriss, naturally fell 
 witbin tbe scope and functions of tbe 
 Dominion, refrained from actirni eal- 
 rulated to bamper tbeir negotiations. 
 Wben an important advantage bad 
 been gained by tbe understanding ar- 
 rived at in IBM tbey refused to dis- 
 turb and unsettle a favourable sit- 
 uation to secure a petty advantage. 
 But as soon as tbe boatile obaraeter 
 of Ameriean Legislation bad made 
 
 II evideui tba.t all bupe of favour- 
 ible conditionH in tbe nature uf rr- 
 t'lpi'iii'ity were at an end, and tb** 
 terinw of tbe I . .S. titriff law placed 
 it teyowi tbe poweJ" (>f tbe Uuminion 
 lo K'vt! reli«-( by an exuort duty, and 
 iMinditionn were created injurious to 
 ■ be inte-eaiit of tbe Province, tbe Lib- 
 •^ral Oovernmrnt took effective ac- 
 tion to Hecure tbe manufacture of 
 lumber in Canada, ua promptly as it 
 could be done witb a due regard tn 
 vested intereatH and existing obligu- 
 tiou. 
 
 PoUtleel and Boainei 
 Oontraeted. 
 
 rollelee 
 
 Tbe UppoHition policy— if it can be 
 dignified by tbe name, baa been vague 
 erratic and ill-considered, embodied 
 in disconnected claptrap utteranees, 
 witbout regard to tne obanging con- 
 ditions, special exigencies and broader 
 issues involved. The Opposition 
 lougbt party advantage, tbe Govern- 
 ment acted tbrougbottt witb tbe ob- 
 ject of protecting and promoting the 
 interestH o' tbe Province, aa repre- 
 Nented by its timber reenuroes and 
 lumbering industry. 
 
 Tbus it would be seen tbat tbe 
 claim of tbe Oppoeition tbat tbe Gov- 
 ernment Btole tbeir saw log policy, 
 is absolutely witbout foundation, and 
 tbat tbe Government pursued tbe 
 only course opeb to tbem in tbe pub- 
 lic interest. Tbeir action was not 
 playing a game of politics. Tbeir 
 acts were tbe acts <m business men, 
 feeling tbe full reaponsibility of tbeir 
 position, and knowing tbat tbey were 
 dealing witb wbet was tbe most im- 
 portant indtutry in tbe province. 
 Tbeae statements were fsets, as tbe 
 records sbow, and be (Mr. St rat ton) 
 would leave it with tbe audience to 
 say if tbe eoarse ol tbe Government 
 bad not been wise and prudent un- 
 der all eonditiotts. (Hear, biMir.) 
 
 Tbe 8nm of tbe Matter. 
 
 In reviewing tbe course of tbe 
 Government as to our timber inter* 
 erests, Mr. Stratton pointed out 
 tbat tbe Oovernment bad ezereieed 
 tbe utmost care in regard to tbeir 
 promotion. Forest Beeerves had 
 been created to preserve standing 
 timber, and permit of tbe growth of 
 a. new crop. A system had been ad- 
 opted to prevent or to redoee to 
 a minimom the loes or danger at lees 
 by foreat (ires. When tbe time was 
 
riitf (he Guveinmeiil louk miction jii 
 ('(iiiiitelliriK (he home iiiunutacl ur<- i>f 
 liiiuber from C'rciwn iiiinds, and I be 
 tiiiM- for aclion w:us no choHuu as not 
 to inflicl luoiA- injury on ihK luuibt-r- 
 iliK indUNlry thiin the injury lusult- 
 \nn from tbe expoit of 1uk>. 
 
 Good Vatue for Our Timber. 
 
 Not only tbe.st-, tiui i lie. Uovein- 
 nient b:ul .so niana^e<t the .saU-s ol 
 our liiiiljerj thai they had .sefurfil 
 the lx!.sl jioMsihU' Value, and tht-re- 
 fore, Mr. f^tralton .saj<l, he wished lo 
 Kive an illustration wbieh might 
 serve as an i>bject lesson re.siK'ct- 
 iug the more profitahle management 
 of Ontario's timtier inlere-sts. The 
 total bonu.ses received by the Iroveru- 
 ment of the Province of Quebec from 
 the year 1843 down to and includinij 
 1900— a iHjriod of nearly sixty years— 
 for the whole of the I pix-r Ottawa 
 di.stricl (the very l)est white pine 
 rcKioD in Canada) amount inR to 2\,- 
 .Vi(l square miles, w.is .s4lK,H04.9hi. 
 
 In contrast compare one sale in 
 the Province of Ontario. In the On- 
 tario Timter Berth sales of 1H9'J, 
 when only <>18 square miles were sold, 
 they brought .><2,3t»«,47r), or an aver- 
 asie of !*3,70(l |>er square mile, while 
 the averat^e price ix'r mile obtained 
 by tjuebec from the sale of what 
 minhi be called >rilt -edged while pine 
 timber l>erths was tmly .S19.10. 
 
 To widen the ctrntrasl. another ex- 
 ample might Im" given. One b«'rth of 
 eleven .and three-quarter square 
 miles was soUl by the Ontario Gov- 
 ernment for .s20.'i".»)i5^ or «!17,500 |)er 
 Mjuare mile, .i sutu nearl> 
 
 A Thousand Times Greater 
 
 than Quebec got i»er .square mile, 
 or, in other words, at this sale the 
 Ontario Government got a sum for 
 II 3-4 miles nearly half as large as 
 the Quebec Government got fi>r an 
 are.T nearly 200(1 times greater, or 
 21,520 squnre miles of the finest whit<' 
 pine timber in the world. (Applause.) 
 
 Another contrast. The Ontario 
 Government sold one berth in the 
 Township of Morgan, of 3,'j 1-4 square 
 miles for S!37(),650, or nearly as much 
 as Quebec got for 21.520 square miles 
 of the best pine in the world. 
 
 In the sale of 1892 the Ontario 
 Government sold only the pine, re- 
 serving the spruce., cedar, tamarnc 
 and all other woods, while the Que- 
 
 lie.c Government sold every tree of 
 .'ill kinds. 
 
 The frown dues on the timber at 
 the Ontario Guvernmenl sale of 1892 
 were .'sl.2."i (ler I.IKMI feet, baiir<l meas- 
 ure, and the Queb«'c Crown dues are 
 ."<1.30 |i«'r I.IMMI fe«M. or .'ic more. 
 
 The Province of Ontario has no fa- 
 vourites to U-siow timl>er limits on, 
 :it le.ss than ;i cent |>er square mile, 
 for at the timber sale in the Town- 
 ship of Morgan in 1892. the 35 1-4 
 Mcres which were sohl for .■s376,650 
 were held by the puicha.sers for seven 
 years and th'en sold for .'<2.50,0(K», thus 
 showing that the Government of 
 Ont.ario gets the highest available 
 price. (.Vpplause.) 
 
 Our Pulpwood Interests. 
 
 A.* an integral jKirt of their Timber 
 policy the (lovernment dealt with our 
 sph'n<lid pulpwood resources, and the 
 .same <'arefuln»?«s was exercised, the 
 same policy pursued, of preserving 
 them, realizing their value and mak- 
 ing them an element in contributing 
 to t lie Provincial revenue, promot- 
 ing industrial enterprise, furnishing 
 (•tiipli>yment and promoting settle- 
 ment. Mr. Stratton pointed out thiit 
 our puli>woo<l resources were of such 
 great extent and magnitude that at 
 the price now chargivd by the Gov- 
 ernment. 4(1 cents per cord, tbere 
 wa.s sufficient Pulpwood. 288 million 
 conls. lo yield a provincial revenue 
 of millions of dollars to help carry 
 on the administration of provincial 
 affairs, ami to postpone the visit of 
 the Opposition bogey of direct taxa- 
 t ion a century. (Applause.) The 
 Government haid granted six 
 pulp concessions. Tlaese con- 
 
 cessions, which had been so 
 blindly opposed and denounced by 
 Mr. Whitney and the 0pp06ition,gave 
 only the right to cut pulpwood, they 
 gave no right to the land, they Jid 
 not interefere with the rights erf the 
 settler, or prevent thje (xovernmenl 
 from locating settlers on the area 
 granted for cutting, and securing to 
 them all the rights tha' settlers had 
 in other parts of the province. The 
 working out of these pulp conces- 
 sions required, as a condition of the 
 grant, the expenditure of millions of 
 dollars in erecting facti>ries, and re- 
 quired the employment of hundreds 
 of workmen. The supply of the 
 machinery, water wheels, etc., for 
 these concerns would give employ- 
 
11 
 
 ment to the workmea in our (ac- 
 torips; 8(>tt!«»rs,who entered the coun- 
 try in the vicinity of the pulp man- 
 ufartorie«, would have a market for 
 the pulpu'ood on their landri, and a 
 source of income till their farms MPcre 
 sufficiently cleared to be produc- 
 tive. If theAe considerations did not 
 juatify the Government in Kranting 
 these conceaaions, the danger of the 
 destruction by fire of the wood on 
 uur pulpwood lands, in part, at least, 
 supplied one. Then pulpwood re- 
 produced itself in from fifteen to 
 twenty years, so thnt in a district 
 which had been cut over.with proper 
 care, the process could b;; repeated, 
 :ind we thus would have a perpetual 
 source of pulpwood supply and rev- 
 enue. The policy of the Government 
 was to go forward and to 
 
 Utilise Our Natural Reaourcer. 
 
 to the utmost, before they might be 
 swept out of existence by fire, or be- 
 come lessened in value, by a cessa- 
 tion ot the demand for them in the 
 markets of the world. (Applause.) 
 
 Incidental to this, and for promot- 
 ing expansion and settlement, the 
 Railway Policy of the Government 
 was adopted, and was being applied. 
 Reference was made to the land 
 Krants to the Algoma Central and 
 Manitoulin & North Shore Railways. 
 It was pointed out how effective 
 these would be in opening up and 
 developing New Ontario, and help- 
 ing old Ontario,by placing it in direct 
 railway communication with the 
 itreat resources of Northern Ontario. 
 In respect of these development rail- 
 ways, a want of policy, lack of 
 I'nterprise and failure to grasp a 
 Kreat problem, was shown py the 
 Opposition. Mr. Whitney, tlTe lead- 
 er of the Opposition bad denounoed 
 the land grants to the Algon.a Cen- 
 tral Riailjv-ay in language of vitriolic 
 violence. He called it a "pbenomenal 
 steal," and voted against it. Yet a 
 few months later, when a land grant 
 more liberal, and amounting to a 
 creater "stoal" in Mr Whitney's 
 view, than the first land grant.was 
 proposed by the Government, that 
 irentleman choked down his wrath 
 and approved of the second land 
 lirant. If he had acted in the first 
 place on principle, he would have 
 opposed the second grant, for the 
 principle did not change. But he 
 seemed to act only upon expediency. 
 
 He had no policy, except that of op- 
 posing and embarrassing the Govern- 
 ment, and his change of attitude was 
 due, not sn much perhaps to ooovic- 
 tion, as to his having made a mis- 
 take. His first opposition was 
 doubtless influenced by the hope thai 
 he could embarrass the Government 
 by making the first land grant un- 
 impular. but he found public opinion 
 against him, and even some of his 
 own supporters, and he changi'd 
 front. 
 
 A New Departure. 
 
 The Government had made a new 
 <leparture, and had already made con- 
 siderable progress in lo-'uing surveys 
 of a railway |to be buil as a Govern- 
 ment work, from North Bay or Mat- 
 tawa iM>rthward to iap the fertile 
 Temiscaming region. v;here the splen- 
 iid soil was already attracting set- 
 tlemint, which would lie much facil- 
 itated by the opening and operation 
 :>f this railway. The Government 
 was bound to go aheiad; we had a 
 magnificent country, worth devel- 
 oping, and we must move forward 
 in the great work. We must build 
 up in the uaagnificent north' j>f this 
 province a greater Ontaria We had 
 the material there, and we must 
 make use of it, and the policy of tbe 
 Government was steadily directed to 
 the development of this great heri- 
 tage, for in building up, developing, 
 settling and improving New Ontar- 
 io, great resources would contribute 
 lo revenue, and in the process, the 
 older portions of the province would 
 also Ik^ advanced and benefitted. 
 
 The elation of Mr.Anderaon would 
 h(! one element in retaining in power 
 a Government which had faith in 
 Ontario, and had the. will, the courage 
 ami the ability to inaugurate and 
 apply a policy of development which 
 would make its future incomparably 
 jrreater tluin its splendid present. 
 (ApplaiLse.) 
 
 In Ooncluaion. 
 Mr. Strattxjn then dealt briefly 
 with several {wintn. Mr. Whitney 
 made "a great deal of electoral irreg- 
 ularities, but only those in which he 
 considered his opponents were C/on- 
 cerned. But he had never for one 
 moment condemned the political cor- 
 ruption practiced by his own party, 
 ami by which he had profitted as a 
 leader. No condemnation was made 
 by him of the flagrant britwry prac- 
 
■«4 
 
 tiaed in the Conservative interest in 
 South Ontario, nor of the systematio 
 destruction of ballots in the election 
 of '96, and fifurw wen- presented to 
 show that in four ridings alonn in 
 that content, where the tV>nservatiV('» 
 had the uppointnienL of election offic- 
 ials, there wtre nearly a thousand 
 spoiled ballot8-917 - while in the 
 name ridings in the electioas of 19<«», 
 when the LiberaU had the appoint- 
 ment of election officials, thf-re 
 were onlv 132 spoiled ballots. Was 
 it to be inferre<i that under Liberal 
 rule the p«K>plB had become so much 
 more intelliRent as only to mis-mark 
 and spoil a few ballots, or was it to 
 be inferred that in the election of 
 1896 there was a scheme to deface 
 and prevent the counting of ballots 
 cast by Liberals f This Mr. Whit- 
 ney did not condemn, but on the 
 other hand it appear -I that he riuse.l 
 11 cry of election irri>;ularities fHfiiinst 
 
 Liberals to cover up the iniquitiea 
 of his own party. After referring to 
 Mr. Whitney'.H non-oommittal atti- 
 iiili on education, and to hLs un- 
 founded onslautiht <in Ontario school 
 books, which were cheapjr and better 
 than those of any other country. 
 Mr .St ration ippeale*! to the electors 
 present to study the unsurpassed re- 
 cord ol the Government, their present 
 progressive policy, and to weigh their 
 fitness for .-atisfactorily administer- 
 inn the affairs of this province, and 
 if they did so, dispassionate- 
 Iv and "without prejudice, he had not 
 the slinhtest fear thiit their ballots 
 would be cast for Mr. Anderson, the 
 capable candidate of the Liberal par- 
 ly, supporting the Lib»'ral uov- 
 ernment of Ontario. (Loud ip- 
 plause.) 
 
 The hiftlily successful meeting 
 cloned with the usual cheers.