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Les diagrammas suivants illustrent la mAthode. 6 •*^ ^ V t>tCaOO(0f MMUniON TBT CNAtr . (AWI an^ ISO rest CHAUT No. 2) la ■2.8 us ^ Ui ■tt l£i 11? mm : us 1 12.0 11-25 n u Ii 1.6 APPLIED IfVHGE M^ 1653 East Hoin SIrMt ' (716) 3a8-3*M-rW BRYANT & STRATTON 8 N AGONAL ' ^//*/ ^- /, j^'/ / f f ^ BOOK-KEEPING AH I ' 0. Knt«rr. Office ol the Di.trict Court of the United SUte,. for the Southern Dhtrlot of New Yort * ■ • »iMi:oTYri:i> hi .miTH & McDOUOAL, •« BwlmiMi-pit.. S T. C£:l *-rf> CONTENT 8. V . A Hbort AoDMn to Yocwi Mw, .... iTOODOOnOH, . , De»criptlon of D«y Book, Jounud* and LedR^ Forma of Principal Books . . , Mercantile Terms . GenenaPrincipks' .*.'.'.' Questions for Review .'.'.* " * Qeneral Plan of the Work *.'.*.* * Journal .... • • • . J^^ . . ...'.• • • OenerallStatemmt . , * ' ' Questions for Rerieir ? ' . * * * ' Closing the Ledger . . . * . * * Order of Closing . . • • • . Ledger Closed . . . * . ' * * * General Remariu ... * ' * Exereises fijr the Learner. '(Pirrt Series.^ ' . * * Question^ for Reriew . . Index to Ledgv B . • • • • SmlL—GontmmtidnqfSetT. (Protptroui.^ »«yBook \ Journal . . * ' ^*^K«f ..... General Statement . . . ; ' * Exercises for Ae Leamw. (Selxmd Seriei) Auxiliary Books . , * ; Questions for Reriew . * ' * • • • 8r ni— Cbn«««a«<» ^Set II. (Adtmt.'i DtyBook .... ""7^ Journal . . , , * * Trial Balance and InTentoiT * * ' Statement . . . . * ' Cfedng of H. a Bryant's Buslnew * . * . Commission Business exemplified Qu gs tions for Re r ie w T--10 II, IS 19, 18 18-.18 19, IT ir 1» M. n at n, u *^ u ST— AS 8S 88 84 80, 86 87— 8» 89, 40 41 4S U, 48 4«, 47 48^ 4» 00, 51 69, 08 04» 08 M 88-81 «S— «« 67 66 99, 70 70-71 74^ 7 5 8 T« nMmrlu A- C0NTENT8. > Jounwl Day Book • " Udgm- . , . ' TrUI IteUnoe wid Inw^to^.* . ' ' ' ' * * lW«noe Sbwta ejipUined . . * * * '* * Fonim of IUUnr« Sh««tii * . * * ", * ' • AiiiilUriMHoffct IV. ejpUiiKxi * * ■ * • Conwiwion Raka Ifcx4^ AouoiiHta 8a]«i , Outward Inroio* Hoak . ' ' ' * ' • Bwiklng\Au«i||4ri«« Not««, DnilU, ata ... " * I-rttar-Book • . E«rdM.forth«I«m«. (FmrlhS^Hm.)' ' ' ' •) Routine and K»plamitloni . * * DoinwUc Inroioe Ikwk Foreign Invoiw Book **'•.*••. StlwHook . . . . Owh Hook . m Book ..*.". H . ,- InVentai7 Book . ' • Joiinu) . . ' ' ■ B«JMoe8lMet . . * • QuMUona for Rariew . . * OMh Book , ' " * > , ' D-rBook . . I^ger . . ' . '•'wwi of ChtngOig , Continued In Double Entrr " ''*%•••. SUteroente . . ' ' • •/•,.'. EierclMafortheLeMnir. (Plfth'serii) * Cwh Ifenwranduin Book * * • " History of TrwMBujlioiM ExpI«n««onofSixK»lunmJouraid * ' * * ' • • JournaJ-Practical Fom JiMlBtUncewdlnTentorr' ' " " * ' • • • Stotement . . ^ '•••... . P«ctiod Hints fcr Pario, ' * * * • • . . . Qw«»M for Bariew , .*.'.* * * * * • ti. iN^nuomni, * ' • Stocka ^oint Stock BusiiMH * .' * * * * ' Exchange . t . . * * * • • . . Oomnwrdal Galculationt * ' * * Generri Hints as to Dirideo^ ' ^ PREFACE. Wm offw BO .polojfjr for .ddliy? «•'• tr*.tl«. to th. .Im«.t .„,1I«m JIH of t«t.bool« od Bommwc,^ „,«« « 1^ JvLT"" . k" . """' '"r""'* "•* '"■'• '"'' '" "*" "'•""' ""'""■•• •«"' " P-^' "*'•""""- I'ut flh •.•nadvertlMment, by lnt«re.Mp.rtle., will h«v«IIUl« weight In tl.o.l.MlHlon. U.I. br.nch of Indu. rl.l economy U .xcltlog throoBhout tl.„ clvlli«.a wotI.I. Uv.. within the ,«.t few ve.r. folf ,...rh . .^ '»•• ir"«rri momentum, o-. h.ve the cOn,cr«„.„eM .t le^t. th.t hi. effort will b. folt, whether or not th. h.nd th.t jfT. force, or th.\ho«Kht U,.t directed, .re re,og„l...d In the ^.,..1^ thl. tMk, we wll not affect .„ In.llffortnce which we .lo not feel. „ ,o Ihc part we nmy tin, I ' l^trnTi^ gr-t purpoee. of lift,, or the v..u„ which m.y 1. ,.t u,K.n our ..W by thL^o. g J Tpll'll'^o Ir.'. meaTyri'IrT.'' "" ^7'm''"'"' °'""*^»'^'' '^ ^ ""» ''»l-'""« "f '<'«<'*le.I«« l« -ome p.rllc„I,r depart meat of .rt or.eclence. In the pr.p.rtflon of .uch . work the following prere-juUito. .re eI..eutUl 1. A oompreheniWe^Hbtttidlng of the .ubjeot treated • a. A partlcubr kno^||piof the dlffloullle. to bo overcome In the mind of the learner forllZu ''T!:"''k*" •PP*""'"* »' t«l» fck then. m«.t be pn-m.^ptiro evidence that l„ .uthor. claim for them*, re. the abor. qnallficatlon.; a point which It would be m„c.k.mod..Hty to .Itcn,,^ to evade TZ the ground, of thl. ...umptlon. they may be iM,rn.lttcd to observe timt manv y/arn' active e.m,,n,n„*>.i labor, they have keenly felt the want of a work whl.h .hoid.l serve tlM..m In nrnttcr. of rcfiln, .. T . form.; a work .ulted not only to the tarte. and want, of private .tudent. an lade.rf hut to he no^T^n^ branche. a llfe,builne.s. they have-not been content to accept a. ,,e „l„. „lt,„ the cr..,l„ .n.I .,..1 . / .uperstltiou. veneration for thoae monumenta of unrequited labor, which In the twlll/ht of ™ » . ' .0 Important a part ,n the then slowly-movlng macZry of pr..,;re,: 1 g rltt to .H ^^^^^ rx::^—: rr^rs-r 1^:-^^^^^ •f q'-eech," which at one time threatened to convert all the A™bl7numei*i,bto •• figl,', / P RE PA EX W. lMll«f« ihal |h« Ntrac* of Aceoiinlt li, •mtiMnilr, « hi(UU4 MaiiMi \mA ik.i .h. ^ . .1. . . ' =Tr';;i;rr -""""• "' "-" -'«^' - -• - - "i- tir.::;:''.:; or -:rtr.::r:z::':s:::rr^^^^^ ,7? r-^ - '- "- -• -"^'- »h.«. often. Ui. •«««..«„ of ».li*I ,.«„--... ^«. P"'"''''"" •*"«'"• '"'« «►'«' ""••'"hI of i«,cI.I.,k ; .,,,1 ^...o.,».«uhlnk without fu„„3j3li.!fr„^^^^^V ''" ' """'"" ""' "»• • "''"'""; ••"' o..^-;:„::!.ft:„rri'"S:; :t.:r s ""rrr f ": '"'^- ""'••••• """« " '•-. — '-•- «• 'j'"»c..r/.i..t„otr.o;:,.t "SSo!;:,"" "■" "' '-"^'-rco,.... u«,7.,, .„, th««, In Po lln.1,,.,1 » .,,„ec ororr M.n,..an. ...... of .h.t worthy Zy Mr eH„l """ "*,"""«•'•""""! -""«"'. ' ■.>. by tl.n.0 cI«.Kc^ w,. I„.vo worthy re J«.„u.l v.. un ^^ " "'« '^»"'-"l"0« of our h.l.or,. „r ,u., fl,„ of „„.,„ ..-.. union of ,t,.te.; while ."Ig t I „;^^^^ "'"'"" ^^"r c'-X -" >..".>o. In thU «-pmc^ of our pen,„,«.| Mend. In „.„ h^rof 1 h T .7 " "'""^ "' '"" '"""' "'-' ""^ .«..red thHt If. In critleMug the work, th,; " n„7l l„g e/t Je ^X '" "T ""' '"*'■""'• •"-"-« -» iow^i in malice." ^ *"""*• ""^ "'"'^ e'l"«l!y cumloua to" «et naUBtil I 18 CoopKB iNgTiTrrk, N'rw York i860 BRl^AXT. 8TBATT0X A PACKARD. ^i^- * ..% A ^ I . A gJIORT ADDRESS,^ RFSI'KCTFILLY DKDICATED TO THE YOUNO MEN OF THE COUNTRY. Ev.„ h.m,.n lib h.. I » p,.r,w.«.. ,. ,,„y h.|„k ,„ „,i„„ ,u u«^, .„d. hnwTw much Ih.q^lr* m., ,»ro» l« .V..K. ih. r»,|H„„ll,lll.V. •1,1.1, r.-.t on m.h In.llvl,!,,..! ...ul. „r lo «l,«„-l, thru, In tl,. «„,rd .^" |.ll.«il„„ to tl,« r«c,. or lo wl,«lt.»«r ««t.ml w. n,.y throw oi>riM.r.t. W. a«-|r, l„ .ccq.t It -the I....I. of . f„, .uffltortlon. wUl.h w. Zk not out of |>l».-e In thi. ronnorllon. ■"«»«"'"«•. "UUn w« think I lUh IIT « JO, .l.,«lrerl.h...T y,n> h„v„ |,„t to «r..t.h forth y»„r hnnd .„.| „|., them. IlonorT It I. yo„r, U. th., Mkh.« F..,„„T Mu„y 1.., , ., .,., ,„,„„t,d h«r« won It. a.,;^ ... „,„y y,,.. F icn. U Th«y wm ..om»M,f th, r own .ccor.l. If yo„ ^.t I,..t ,h„ other,. Th.-ro Ih. Ind...^w,.,,.l..rmi k. .,n..y I." th. h n„.« will. «„d «n ..ni..|..n..y ,n h..,„„„ hh..|. .c«r..e „„,.l „f by ,h« I.r.«l„Xuio..«ry. Lut Uu^^ •ratcly co...i.l«r lhu«o ,l.,,|r«.. .i„l the .venue, which le«.l to their Coi..Ui>i„,.( lo„. •' » 4,. « p. 1. RiCHUL It I. folly to contend «p.l„,t thl, d-Mre. even on moral ffronn.N ; m h« who wc.ld he nl,le to m.ke the elc«r. .. Pa« wool. .,11 f.U ,„ „..„vl„..,n« /„„..,// th.t . ■•rea.onal.lo- a,„re of thl. worhl". «.khU woul.l ntl .1 Irnllon. .. p.. Illvely deno„„c.M ,.,verty m It, oppoMto; «nd the world ha, y.-t to .ec . ..hllo.opher of whatever «,ho„l. who wm.hl not n.ak. Ai,W/- an oxeeplhm to any rule whl.h woul.l con.tUute the l.Cof ho. .moral wron,^ Tl.e p.,«„,lon of wealth 1.. in itnelf. h..|.h,.r «.hh1 nor ha.l. I, I. only the StZ7y which clrcum«rib., iu moral ten.le.„4e,.-EviirTl,e Hihle-.hat hi« t ,..xt.l,.«.k of morallty--uffh iU potency. ...te. .h, lnhablt«l>H.rche, erecte,!. knowU.,I,n< .lim.,e,l. the avenne, o coZZ k«Kt open. .„du.try rew.rdml. Keni,,, fo.ter«l. .nd the reflnln;. Inrtuence. of cl ill„tlon . renlenj .^^ perp .nd. who run th e g.un l e t o f thl. m«1 a n ibltlo,. .ucceed,. the n i ne thou.and nine hnn.Ired «.d nlnetynlnt 4t«.trou,fiaiur...r,lo.t.lghtof Intheda^.„K •TulKonco of th.t o«, .ucceM. LIk. poUcj.I«S who . ■ ■■ • , ■. . 7 ■ ■ - : : 1- .. -:m' - ■-■.- -■■■ ■.■■ • ■■■ "■ ■ .. .- . ^ A SHORT ADDRESS. , , /i^'tty •• thr^ homely Tjrtu.., who- „«,« .r, m " Jm.M„ T* "? *"= *"""*•»' '"''•"">. •»«' -^tr„thth.«ohlUH^„f™.,oJ,ortr.; JdthuT.".^^^^ ^« b«com. oar. by prtl«„t. hon-t. unremlttio,, end Jor wul i .7^^*^ ^•'^°" "^ •"• '^•» *»"<=»• ^m «. . porely oo»p«U„ ooodltlon.jMnHt. .4nt hM ITSo^th fh ' ^"^ ";■""" *'"•'"* ^-'th compoelng lu toUl th« the rehffi which thoTiTJ^ k1 ^ "'""'^' ""' •'P'<«««e« of th. figure. •nooRh for hi. own Ima^uu w^^^-Iho ow^To^n . .m "" T' "^"•- °' •"•• «. whThl. To ,acfa . po.Itlo.. It I. „ot onI/H,e privlleL but the dltv^r ^ "" "•'"• "' *" ""' ^"f"». """* V. the ooret^l prlio repay .11 hi. eiertloB. butl^.nr llll ^ f '?'^ ^"""^ """ '^ "P"*' ''" ""t <>»'y wiS |. developing th. InterL ro«.„rce.. Z.ltT hT .U Z ofLrji:;?''"? '" """ •"'"•""•'« "-^ W-..0. .d .. begetting the ..^n..„„l J r;^^^^^^^ 1. Bovob. -^^^^^^^ ra..onon,^ Ungency of we.lth. will not r.p.y the effort „ece.2y to ISe ll To t rr*"; '""'^'' " '''•■»"'™ «"„. the po.WMor of qu.lltle. which money cnnU h^TouVm'^lu . " "'""'"""' "' '»•'"' '» "> »>• tton iittd».ble In thi. life. How .hLl It be ^h J? Fr>^^^ i .'^^ '' *•" "'«'"»» *«"•» I-'" roHcy;-.„d the truth of the m«im,.«b.e«W^^Le^T^^^^^ Wrd that "honeety I. the Zi (?roundthwthl.werepo«lble, wertonldTSr^f «r2/^ T^^^^^ but If no higher mor.1 which .pring, fr„„ J^ „f ZnZ^oiirnLV T^'^^r"^'^'''^ "' ''<»"" "«-ty of «,W.hneM.«dtanote„tlUerto.pI.^7„ r. ,, • of^- ^"''«° *»">•» »>«frd friend.hip begotten .pringfrompnremotlye.,«dpnr.™oM*«rn«^t . "•* ^" be truly honorable. .11 w^tlonTmu.t Uonth.t«^«,pW„^;,fe;.,^'^^";^^-;7»«^^ sow. com. down to the S ' M|adg.pfcorrectprlnciple,rW,^mClwe?..mo^^^^ But how l.'^.^, .WTr would not be «„l«:.„dyet^be;eT^n;edJ^^^^^^ Go to the Bible. The .n. rtinct. of which «* „ unerrin^M ^ i Jf An^^li",?''^ ''T"" ''""•* ' "*"" -"""o'' t*" P-re l^- pLxIng quertion. which «.mlb„e, Co^'^, tXJtlT """ "" '"'"^'"^ •*"'•" "" '""« 1^" ^ threaten th. utter deetmctlon of ril ^Sdr ItT^ i i '"'^ conatitutlon of morri action, ^to <4 name, are yearly added to th.t a^Zj^^l^'f' ^^'^ «" »•"• 'PP*" "-t «. many hundred, direction l..lway,.them„.t difficult. One ^ch ^ H^^ltL „"? r^ The >., ,tep ,„ a wrOng Noyoungn.an,.tthebegln„ingofhl.careercollVvnr™T. fir /."'*' ''"*"'«"■ »* ' «"'"«' "^ «fi»ny upon the tide, he 1. m the Impotent l^r.^Ti'^iShr.^:^ ' 1^^^^ »""• '-«"'C once launche'^^ .ionally one .uch, In hi. ,wift de«!ent toward .T«.^.u ""<*'» ''■^^ »»»* the rapid, of Niagara. Occa AVe,7; but. a. in hi. ca«,. the S,Sl ^ b^tl^ ^^'^J "*"'"' "P""' '""'"''J^ rockTL rTr to the certainty of de.tru.^ion. HoL.tv^ L" SrT' •"•* 'J"! "'^^ ^"^ otr^neim only add pIZ Pod;a..pre«,ntielplnemytlmeTnfei» "^ "^^ "'»'-»'«'»•>- 'bat. it 1. a. the rfeht hS 8. Taku. ■ ■ other, have It thrurt upon them.- I. Jn tW, coZl The fi "t om ^*'\"?«'' -"•-« greatne... wlS taacce«lb. by any human effort, there remain.Tut The „r^^^^^^^ ««»oua^ItwiUbeappa«,„ttothemo.tcarereLob,er^^^^^ for tho«. who desire to be -^ • V ,,iw. *gsfc^' A, SUOllT ADDRESS. F«m«,th«.muftBotU«ont«nttodoa.ir»//M«tfc« W^.i .^ 4. FanmMk dl.fi:n.t which the^ „cU,. view. orThrnoblerf ZJ^T J f. . 1, ' '"""••" **" ""''•'^ P"-''"* «• "» l-fldd. on thl. Hnt : .«, „„ opinion I^ZT^Z^J'^^T^'''" ''"^""'' """ *"' "'«' "" '-«'»'»8 •»«-•" W. .r. not Willing L «»eplThl7irion r„ ^^ "'"'"^ ""•" ""» " '"-•"WP •• b«l / .Id „«t, to yield thi. poi!J would £. to .S ^ th T/"^"^ *''"*• '"-'"'y P«>v"i »«*Wli«,5 W.„d.hlp dc not e.lrt'th.n truth h„„^ mIJ^Z^Lu T' """« '"*"'= '"' " •'"«• ""-'«*'^ cut foundation. It U th. privilege "- WrdTwS give. life. .„d the «,ft brr.e. .tir'h, t7nd' f„ ,1 pL^" " "' ""' '"""'"'''*>•• *''"« "'• *""» '">' be the iweet c«dence. of thdr .duUtlon Tha^eTd H T "■' ""* ^''''"''''- '""' "•""''•"' -^'er m«, h«.rta the .ngle. of incidence and MoT^ZVLT ".'/'" ""' ^'■'''"•'" '" "»' ""'"" «'^ "'"^ -IfiHh quallty-who en tell u. of our fault, rti?evZ l"'":/"'"' ' """'"'"•' """""•''' »>>• P"<'«->'.ny min. o„rhe«lth-„ot forth, grntificntir^tTevlfrH ''''"' "''I' '^'''"'^ *'^^ n.o.„. „«y be Uken for iu eraStion. i. 1 fSr^lffldru' "': "■" ■"-""'-""" -• ''"t that efficient i«nicting p.l„ that ^ „.y fo„„^, J^thr.urerL!i r , ! .TT" "~"' '* '°^« '"' '''S «»"••« »'y .brink from «.y duty townri n.. however un H.^r I it,'' ' '-"""'^ '^ ""' "^ '""^'#"' »«^ depraved m we .re apt to think, and m,„ W/ ]oZ^ Z^t ^ "■"^'"""'""^ ^«f»"v «.cloty Snot « of extraneous consideration.. Beauty !nd ay.m.' trrimve e 2' "" "'"""""■• *"»'''^'^ '-•".-Hdent uncomely; and If o»e deaire. the acii,i„„'r2frie„!l V'?'/" "'°^" "''" ^'f ""•■"'-'^^•* ■"«>•' needed. tha.„re.t method of obUlning them i" not to 2 Kv7h " "^T "'"" "-' «^'-^"W"d«h^p i. PTticI, of «lf.re,peet. but to <*.,^.« by . life i' cha^et.^'.n ""^ a>'d f-.wnl„«. or »l the e,,.,„« „f 1, friend thu. wcured hi worth a thouwnd flatter«« o i. T ' """' ^'"'' *'"■'"' '«*" "'« runlM.. One We have thu, briefly „viewe^Zeorth„,— r^ of conduct which are tl r^I.r'therrVv?. Leu?:;:;:';^'''^'' ."•':" '"'"" '"'^ '" ""^'"'"^ -'«• opon • /^"'"V''"'"'»"'^««''l'Mly. consider lliepoinuwhit.!. bear Tn« Choicb or Vocatios. -^^^^^^^^^^ of whatwe.hall be " when we are men"^ rur^n thU ^.T'";*^''' "^ produced it; «,d we run ii. imagination, through trent^rat^r/frfr ".'''' "'" '""""'^' ''"""'"""' *'"^'' by the dUtant halo, which In 7ur youthful wondr.r^un.I T * k ^""^T^'"'' «"'' P'^i'-"". imp.Hed alone It k, perhap.. aa well that this U Z- I?. ''"'"'"'"^'' "'« objecte of our e«vi„u8 regard. ror^-wouldbSourriper^:;::^;^^::;^^^^^ to d«p„,e of our futum i«,lve.. For instance, it i, one of tneT-e u l.r 1^ ■ •"'"''"'•'^' '"'»'*^"'''' "'»• th«t the highest positions of honor and emolument ale o!n uf lu ^"""T"^ ^"'''''"'" "^ "'"• '"I""'"", -the humblest «>io„ of the humblest etock-" U," unwaE 1^ "^"^ " " -~ -'-« reforring t^ president.- or. "Disguised in that torn and faded aZdi'anT""'' '"""''''' " ''"' "'"J' ''« * '^«^ n example, to prove that, in this country a tiSt^td"^^ ''"'""" ' ' "'"' '"^*"^>- "'" "•" -"""R noginning. The accident of birth ha, L wei^ i lid ' deslT'T "" ""."' '* "''"""'"' '""' ''' basis, every ambition, young man should say: •' There i. nlltr J; ^^""' ''"'"• '*'"'"""« '"'•*"" "•'» can st«.d in the way of my elevation to the presidentill chnTr l^ ^.^""^ '' '^''"""- "' ""'^^"•'ti"'' «bich ■ rest until that p„rpo«. is ^complished.- Trv™,S[ 'V' T ^^-"^ "'' '"'^' ^"'"^'^' ""•' ' -" ""» «l.irationBOfthi.kindm.ybeIegitimate;b.t.ZidX^h^^ It i. t,-.,. „.„t all the chance, for such preferment are even les. iZ^^Zlu7jZZlT "" ""''"" '" ^"'•'' ''"■•"•'•""-• purchase of a single ticket A great man-one who wL hin' Tr*' '"■'"' '" ' '""^ •^^• ^' '"•'"« »>y th" ' than any other who falled-has'left on r^-IT a .entZnt wwIT", *" "" '■™"^'"'" " ^'"- f""'' "-'- hecoveted. IE la appropriate here : " I would .^th* ^ " ,!^ ""' '."" """"-■ '-"»■• «h„„,v..„Id the office in Ufe. the accidenf-of ^-c^for it is. at best bu^a! ^Jd^'t!.:"!};? T ", 'V'"^ '" ""• "'""''' -•""-" ^ .ub«,rve the higher purposes of existence. « Lwas onl llVr™ - ""'' ""'^ "* " """ ^'^ """^^ ^^' *° Uo«. member of my church who confided to me tZ^^t S T "' k"" ^ '':''"''" ''"■"^' " ^^ » -"-'- B • •^'** '"'"•' "^•''"•'^'rt to become a, .reacher of the Oo» \ ■ ■ ■■ ■ ■. . . y ■■..'■■■ ■. ■- - .■ *#t^«tj4^ A SHORT ADDRESS. 'P I MlJ to him. • by M ncu. t Pr«ch It d.lty and hourly ; but do not forMU vour Llolir v . ' U vo-r b^ pulplt. «d th. ..rn.on. which .J-k through th. co»l^ r^^tC^ti W 'riT"**! -ydn^ roUow. th. ..l.orUtl«« of tho- who «-k. . profeslon of Th^Cl «^iL to pZh'^^^ Oo,p.l Th.,, I. common -n- m W.U m ^i theology In .«ch ^vlc iTnd i« ITw^dd -^^1^ «.bltloa. young ni.n: Be not w cw.ft.1 concrnlng U.r^cul« llw of^Z d^lTI. « ,1. «t 7 your pwltfon the m«u.. of «»tt.rlng bleMlng. wound ^^ "^ ""'<»• °f y*"" "J-Ue^ M ypa « to m.k. Again young n>90 nr. .pt to be inpetlent of preferment, ud to pUoo • higher eeUmat. «> th. i«»^-.u *»Iue of their «nl.^ th« the^te of the merket will w.rr«t « I harTone Stall™ ^a? k TJ^ .e» n.« to n.. "to employing gr«l™.t,. of CommercUl College tC^.W t^nk wh™ hT'"' ^n*^ ^.ry .tudle. .re On..hed. that they know .11 thet !. worth leSg ZI^Z l^r L„^1^^L?'!^'"' Th 1. remark d„^ ^ .pply ..one to th. gr«.uU.. of eoll^how'liv" t^tS t i^y ^"n^l.^ptS^ It Indicate a eon,..lt„tion.l we.k„e«( which. Uke the me«^«,d whooplng^J«h TouS «.!« ^^ ??^ « Iv Z r? :'a'"- ." r^""*" - ^ "»-• outward, or. a. ph^J^y. '\S^rth^ '^-'^^ In, much .kiU Md courage |. required to take the patient Mfely through. Of one thl^ Mpirwit. for poaitlon ud preferment may rest aienred.'that the bmiineM world will m.t .- •.tlmat. „„ .very m.u entirely Independent of hi. own «,lf.v.l„.tio„. and In strict ^rZ^ilT, ^Z The uulvenml Uw of " supply ud dem.nd- U m l„e,or.bl. In pre^^Hblng «k=W nSonT^n^l H^^ n.ar eU; and the .ure«t w.y tb attain to a cerUlndcir.ble point 1. to clr.i^K„u2S.^ Z *>ni.I to lU dutle. That dete.UbIecow.rdice which whln^et the " flckl.nL oTfort^^aTd Lv^' !: Totjwi 'frhim t ^ '' " "-PP-'-t^ public., ehould be pu.^7om e^Tw wZei ::Xi:;:.iTtrh.r^ «. 10 ■•■;=-.>^-#- l^' IjS^TRODUCTION. BooK.„„„o 1. Oh, faithful «d .y,,omatio reoorf of bu-ine- ^^^ All business traneactions consist in a., exchange of value.; and hence, •Boolfkeepini ii the scamce by which these exchanges are recorded and their results shown ^ * Entry Both o7tr'*^°^;i^ Book-keeping in general use. distinguished 'a, Sin.U^d Dou6U. i^ntry. Both of these nr»ethods may be made to show the same general results, but 'the latter « joeded to be greatly auperlor. both from its better facilities for devebping Zulu and U. more excellent tests for determi|ing th. correctness of the work. ' ''E«rr **"'""?'*""**° ^r*"' "'■ °°"'''' ^"*^y "^y ^' ^«^'-'-«» fro™ «f distinctive tiUe or^htrrr t:^te^br "" " "° ^' ""'^ "^^^^ ^--^ - ^^^ - -- ^- exten?!? T't' • ""'^ f™''"' "'' *'"' *"""^'"^ *'°"'*- '^''P-^ -"""^-h-^t on the nature and ,% "The Day Book ^J^^:^:;!:^:::^ t:^ zt'-' 'j^^^^ -^ the transactions m ,. men. th.t they in»i.t „p„„ p„ui„g i„ black and wh2 everr tt^n^l?ch 1' ".^'"' "^^^^ however remote; writing out .U contract. i„ f„M . T ' ? ^^ ""^ '*"' ""• '»»««•'• «>' 'nj PWtT. Used. We cannot too nl^twZ^ZZlt'J^iL^lZ^^^^ "" ^"^ "•"» ""■"'' «» 'K"*--*^ -^ for the purp„„. Much oTtle dimS gr^w iTu o^' m .u'nderZT""" " m*L' ""'^ «°°''^'" '» ' '•^^ kept ■■■'■■. ,-'-.- ■■ 11 ^ V INTBobuOTION. "Th» Journal d Jit'*d"^".*^!;.'!!^.^~'V"^""'* " »*• •P~W «.. b to dedd« upon the .«««, debitaand «ediU invo ve^jn ^ t«n««tlon, preparatory to their entry uZth. uZT It I. «,metln«. combined with the Day Book, and «,meUme. omitted »uSJ. "Itk |.W being performed menUlly. If e«entlal character and convenience, hpwew ^e not ^ j::rt tl;"'* i-nprovomenu which have been ln.Ututed InTuTZZTr^Z^t not only important m an inteipreter, but valuable for labor^iving puTK)««. - "Thb Lkdoib Ury^to^tir^^r'' ''"'^t'^"^: A" «»''«'• ^->k. of the «,rle. are «.b«,rvlent «ul #lbu. Z^l u i ^* "*■' -''"*" *'''' "'"'"■ °f •" t''« transaction.. arranged under diatinoiMnl' apFopriate head., called account.. •• Each account ha. two .ide^ » D? 1„d T i Ih J^v FORM OF THE PRINCIPAL BOOKS. r^^^:t:::^^r''''^ ^'"^ ^^^^^ book,.howingthelr charaoteWt. y y 1* •s V g 1.— Day Book. New York, January 1. 1859. Bought of Jame. Monroe, on account. 500 Bbk Flour @ |io 2 Sold Andrew Jackson, for caah, 100 Bbls. Flour @ flO.SO Smtement of transaction. « 4 5000 1050 I ^ 1 MerchandiTO Dr 2.^-JoiiniaL New York, January 1, 1859. Dr. Or. 2 j To Jame. Monroe . Caah Dr. ..To Merchandim . . ..... ... • • ^ 6000 1050 5000 1050 Zedffer Titka. a a 12 A\\ Jf J P\ INTRODDOTIOH. Dak Dr. ISfiO /an. I t^L«dg«r. MutOnANDUI. To fuDM Monroe 1 <5 ' - c^RpMttf x«^ nifa sooo I I 1859 B/dHh 3 * M: %HM<<«X«V7U« Jaioes Monboi. 1869 JSm. BjrMdao^ 6000 Cash. (S ^ J AIERCANTILE TERMg: Lkdosr AcoonmB. PkBITS and CBKDim -vwuit/ lo Drug UMM terma to the tert of some 6ener»I and " InfidllM." m1- . -wi !i. pSeZr:^ the v-^orobYec^nL w^r^;: rf - k^ "^"^ ^^^^ *«" ^^^ •ootont. bT th. ... «r ♦kJTV-I ««»e»^which enter into each transaction. "Back Ledser •«»«i>i, by tha .« of the«» terma, i. made to ahow an Important i^wlt of it^aT^ ^^ 18, ^ \ L*.. .-,..:^4Ji,,„ >r -fl fc ^tW ^*-*!*'^-^**- <*- - »^j f i^— - - .-,a!fB fe jfe wea saj INTKODDOTION. BoouBon AND LiABiunxai "Any kind of t^m Moogiqg to th* eoMm la » RowurtM. ud -mit debt owina b* tht oeni ii • Li*bUItT» . "■/«■• *Oasb b the tlUe to dedgute monejr. "Tlie (Wh Moount In the Ledger le debited with ell i«. •eipt. of oMh, ud -created with ell dtebunement.. -tl,. diffewnoa between the two .Idoi ffluat, at eny Ume, exhibit • Maooroo oT the exact amount of oaih od hand. •• It will be otI- dent tUt the credit aide of Gaah aeoount cannot exceed the debit, aa more caah cannot be' oaid out than haa bew raodTad. «if v» oe pwa hUAJB BMOEtVABlM. •By thia title b meant aU written obligaUona of whateyer fono,* fa. our poMon, for rhich a certain apedfied amount ia to be rniii^ "The Eni. Receivable account i. debited whh notea received, and -or«iited with tho«i dlq»«xl o<; or in any manner omceled. TTie exoeaa, if any, muat be on the debit aide, and wiU Indicate that portion of our r« aouroea Qonalating in notea. Bills Patabli. /• By thto term b meaiit the written obligation, of the concern, for which a n>eei6id amount b to be paid. Under thIa head are placed, on the credit ride, -our note, and aooeptancea l«ued, and on the debit aide, ««,ch of them m have been redeemed. -ITie difference, if there be any, muat exhibit our outrtanding notea, or our Ibbility on unredeemed paper Mebohakdisb. "ThiM term may be more or lea general In it. application, according aa It embrace, a biger or nnaller vwiety of property. It uaually implie. aU property purehaaed or owned by the concern for purpo^ea of trafBo, and rmaininff m iU>n. It generally embraoea aU auch -*. * ^!I* "^ '" T^ M^ two fcmw of wiitten oUigatiou kaowa m « aaMtydo ».»«•» On. Ii fma»a . ^.^^aZ^,^^' -^—.-c- Of U«i, oHg... A KoU oHgl^U.% «.. ^. llj^a „ . *J^ iiooo. Kont ,8Mrdv.-urd^,p,o«u,top.,aap.ck«^;j2ni^ H. aBBiAav. ^A_D«l»«i,|«to.wittitt*>r«.«.«la^««,,Utt.,.^ DRAIT. nooo. IM •nJIt'S^^ "^ **'"'''"• ^' **•■***••'«*'• "^ ToH.&BeTMT, 18 Voorn Iawmin,lta» r«»4i. Raw Ton, Mg 1, ISNt doUan, valM rtedTod, and ehargo te 8. 19. pAOuub IM u BOW M TirtiuU, . "pronJ* to PV- M Ui. oth«. «rf ««, fa «, ooimaoroW dlftfw^ 14 J?>'\^f'^4^«^**' ' . . INTRODUCTION. • -owdited with iu mun* 2 ihTki^ 7 J^l . *^ ^^'^^ repw.*.!*!. »Ki tlb. «..k .„ I . •*»«•"* A« thto kind of propertj hu no atandwd or ■tipulaud v.lu.. •-Thi. I. thf -» ^^ '*■ P'****^ *•»• diffownoe mutt b« • gain or • low Rial Ebtati. \ ■X, Bank Stock, RxiLBOAij Stock, jtro» .tocI.^TIllt.t'r ^d 'm'I'T."' **'"''"''•- "^ ««" ^^»«' '— »« - on their ftoe. *'^* "''"*'''* " *^*''' «<"•*'< value, mther thw the value written Shipmkkt OB Adventurk. "Shipment to A " oTi^rXor^ aV *? T "T '"°'' " "S^lpmentto Buffalo,- or debitL withthj^IenU^lTJl^^ti'S^ t!r>'''^T ^" '"*" "^""^ "« ^ -«-e«.MeLCi.,r:;rtJ^^ PkbsONAL ACCOUNTO. ■ Accoutito reprewMitlng perronal IndebtednesiL and deeiimated bv tha „«^ mch person, a. .ustaln relation, of debtor and creditor to tJ!!.„ ^ ^T" "*'"•• **' either n^o^roe. or lUbUitfe.. "Tley ar. Zl^w^h^I^.'!!!! ""P^"' °^ ■''"*'"« penKH» may become Indebted to the^<«^^ S^e oo^L™?' "' -^u """ *° *™'^ ^ with what they have paid the oonceni.T^^Lll ^'^J^** *^'"' "^ """nlited -An exce- of debfta^in Tv^^^^^^^T ?^ **"* ^"* indebted to them. *««t«,.li.biUty. •P*™»^ .oeountwUl thu. .how a «»ouroe, and -mi «ic«. of ^ SrbcK. . . -^ » • For • lull dMeripUoa of Sioeki. pleue f«ftr to iMm 18S. 16 /- INTRODUCTION. food wt,uld N«iU from th« change, .uthor., t«»h,r. and prMtioU .oooun»«t. h.».b«-, •ontMit to .ooept the t*rm which outtom Hm n,ggmt»d. ^ Thi, «»ou„t i. usually th« firtt oponod In the l^lg*,. and I. ImporUnt to .how - th. nM ol -K .^ """""• *" ^y '^ '^^ proprietor. Th« difference 1. the net lnv«tm«.t. or what the concern ow- the proprietor. - It 1. not ou.to,„.ry to u.e thl. JZ^td^^tl b-lne-^ except for the purpo«, of r««rdlng .uU.,u«„t lnve.tn.enu bTlTwHl .n'o^ J.We„. to «.y .tudiou. n,l.d th«t -,t would b.>iIol,phlc.lrcor«ct to cl U I^ I^ wUb.«yl„cr.^ of rc^^urcoe. either fron, «,tud Inve-Unen^orVm th« K*ln. of th7brn2 >M/ « oA, « ^H ,ncrH,H occur, ; m .I«> to debit it with ..nognu d«wn out bv Z Z^ prictor for hi. private purpoee. -Such . eour.^ however, would beTtend:, tlth X difficultly «,d we wouhl. by no m«n.. recommend lu adoption • oartlcuU^irL h ^ re«.lt 1. achiavcd with much le« Ubor by the u.u.1 method. ^ ' ^""^""'j^ " ^^ """ l^rom the foregoing remark, we gather the following GENERAL PRINCIPLES. .11 ?*u f"""" o"- P«"«n- Invcetlng in the bualnee. .hould bf credited under Mme tltl^ fc, •^1 iuch Invctment^ and al«. for hi. or their .hare of the Jn, (T t^rTK k au n. ■ Cad. «xx,unt dKHiId be debited for dl cad. rcceipte, and c«dited for M d»bur.e«.ent.. ni. ^» ofTur'debT *''*• "*' "'^'"^ ""^ '« '^™'' ^""^^ »^-. or they gS INTRODUCTION. m. All up^ of *h»t.T.r nam^ .hould b« d«b|t«d with th« outUy. «,d .11 cu«-^ „r Thr lbr«g«|„g prInoJpla. are .11 e,nbr««Hl in Uio following .ImpU Formula. Da..T WHAT com TH. COH0.R., YALU,, a« Cn.O.T WHAT FWOOO.. i THI OONOMR VAlUa QUESTIONS FOR IlEVlEw' t-oh.r will, of couS. ..^L hu !1„ . . " r""*^'"« *" "*• ^*'? »»'»•''» »' »»»• ♦ork. Tl„ m.lnbook.i;i>„ubI.E«tr; TwZT;"^^^^^^ «. W..« .re U.. thr- ImporUnc. h» ItT 18. Wh.t 1. tho .Ddlt«J ? *7. What Utet ei. Howl.the«!oountkentT wlwh!^! <»-Whonl.ltT 8 ), Wh.t U mo«nt by Red E.. from Mer«hAndl«.f 86 Wh.V Ire ISBI!J^^. ''"•'^ "' ^ '"•*'" «'»'»«fc^^^ W.thwhAtc^,tedrVwl7o:'r!JL'"rdl^^^^^^ »" cr^diUT 60. WhAt 1. meant by the term sS^ 31 Wou S L^T t,* '.''°''* "• ^ "«« »' prietor'i name li«to«d T 62. Why 1. not thU^L t a, w / ^ '"^ ^''''' °''J'**'"'° *» "'"B ">. pro. ~yton«thI..ceountdurt„gb„Hl e^ 68. ZdduL^^^^^ «*• ^'^^ «"^'^ n..t„dentd.ouldeitherLunittomemorJ^el'i^r '^^^^ "*• ^hy I. It not do«,T that he fully onderata^d. th«n. i uSSeZherM ^"m'''" ''''''"'"• "'"""'^ »''«^^^^ whld, they oonwy. "npowible that he diould be able to proceed without the kiMnrledg. ^ ° ' V . '■■ .■:.■■ . GENEItAL PLAN OP THE WORK 10 mfce th« l„.tructl«„. p,ogr«.iv^ .ndrrun M 1^1^, ""' *■"' "'" ''" »"«" »*''- TTie firit four •ejp.^wlth their lnt«nn«.||«to « Exorcli«. «.r .k i to •rt.bH.h, M Ar^po-ible, tho M^„ of .lunt Ir -'*"'«'."—« Intended bii.ln«^ TT^ p„,o«. of opening . „«- j^rj K^TT . •^ver.Hjr, m .r, u^iU ia u^he. .ct thorough., .ho^ uVj;d c^o '(.'7^, ^t:^;^^ «"'• oft«n ««lou).ted to oonAi* the tyro vl^ • uZ. 1?! . l^ "P"" » ""''>«» *'''<''> '• of . .Ingle proprietor, who. .t the oZ oIlZ^ ."^"^ "" '''?"-«"» ^'•« »>"-""- i^elf undei-goe. «. l™portL.t ch^-^r^t 4 i. Whl^ ™^ * ^'"''''' """ "*« ^"'"•'«" out in fUU, with numJIl, ^^^L X^ll^t ^"IP-h.m.ivo and practical, written here fblly di«„».ed «.d lllu.tn.tS Th^Va^JL. ^^""^^^ Company ««ount.. I. «d m«,ylmport«,t feature. .„i2)du«; £^ "•»« -dt ^\^^r ^^^^ feature, a.ong which et, .uffident variety ha. bj given to Mly UlZ^TLlTt "" "'" »™'"«^ti«n. of thl. •ytematio and wti.f^jtory recorf. ^ ^^ *^° adaption of faruiing bu.inc« tv ITie <; General Inrtruotion " in the latter part of th- K^i. i ri^M ''• '^^ '*• '™P°'»"~ -"' "ot be oCootei We H^ TT"^ «"-"'n«^ribed , forth hlnu «,d application, which could not we 1 don« ^"" '*^" """'^'"'^ 'o P"« Ui. to. be hoped that the teacher and .tudlt lu. notV n ?"""'"" *'''' ""*' '"""' ^''^^ t««ti«i. , " ""<^*«» *«" not faU to oon«der thi. a part of the / produce good fruiti^ •""" ****"^ •"O"' than any other, i. relied upon to 1« ■'.- .j.i < «i r~- :^, ^^ JimUft, ^^^g^ r S ■"^V~'^ Jf i SET I. DAV-BOOK, JOURNAL, AND LEDGER: .mESENTlXC THE BUSINESS Of A SIXOIE TOPRIETOH I I I BUSINESS PROSPEROUS. ■1^ 4- i r ^ '"^^1^^, INgTRUOTIONS. fNSTUUCTIONS FOR SET I. »H.rtd.,w„ thn,.,Kh ror,„s wfih rJlnr.ul.iri i^ ' -nor^ t.r..,H.rly, lu principle » A.r th. «ud««t plenty «f br-lri-worrthirrf . h "l^-ri'''"' -'"^ '""'". '»'-f r^ I^ « ^ . .r «"""'■' iMtructloM f{iv«n ln,«<>nMMitioti with thia a«t i,Ul annlv witk —...1 foroa to tU ...o....«|,„g work. Th..y .houUJ. tbar«fi.,^ b, properly ZlT ^'^^ ^^ To th« mnjorlty o|' U-nrwn th« followiM form. .„.! .». 1 , ** will .H, li„,„«IUt.ly .pp«r,.,.t, h„t L l^mZlf ^tl r "' """"^ "" '^ '''^"•^ U.« .p,H.n..u.„ of ...y.t..r,_wl give th, fo, j'n, LftX '■^4^^""'" "' "^"" -rvlo..«l.l.,. Fir,, copy 4ho Day I,..!.. ob«,rvC "u th^ "rrl" ". '""". "^'"^ *W tJ.e footing, of th„ money 'column from the CS lj"f ^^''^'r:^""- ^^" "^ •-.i-tan..,. Fir.t «,i,| th. colurun. upwanh Itl^r 1 ^'^"T.'^" *'''"""" *"»«""» ^M .......t„„t. ......y wr.t« th:::it ^LTo^ :;«rjj •"!:: rr'^'t ■ WkWftnMnir.a, in ouo any of tlio Arw»ru. lhl« is u> avo d %;n,a..t. are .nLil^r^^^^^^^^^^^^ --. 11. n;o«r,,«A,.„^,h„trttn«aotion./th«oart.ftiI.tudu„twllUIw«v.uiTi^ , , cWon b^ ,uad., in «v„ry coa,, in ac-oordanceHtl. the principle. uSBHStl u^MK^ trH.,«u.t.at al.npK, ,l«t^,uld be .uggcatcd. .ih r oMBTiR .? ""^^ one tirixlit entry. Ut the rh,ti-t„art / /\ K. 1 '"•l^P^t (flW debit and -i*/. np^ it. Wing jour!!;,;';-::::; i/L"" ""*'" "''^'"-''^ ^^ ^»^ «-" -^y. •••-'* ■%P"%rin8 to tl.w I^cdgor la culled '"Doatinir" Jr tL\ -J^ I • 20 ^■ '"^'S?'^- -..s^- ' ^ lNBTKUUllUM8,.|ir,T I. . pujnt jru.h, t .t .. Wh«u.T 1. worth doing at .11. J worth .1.., « w^l ■ . Lw ..ra wHI the «,„tl.n.,nt .tt.r .pply tlu.n In th« work l.for^ u.. It i, ^^^ Z^ —IZ ^ b«gln«.r .houIJ U .bl« to onrry out hi. h,.tr«otio,.. *. fully „t th^r.r.t ntto aw i " ,X w,U;hfk.lno„.Md ,o»n.; but If he mak«. .«,ch error a |.1,„ wl.k-h -h^ll r..T . ^ In til *"' 'rr"" '" '[' """"' '"'"'"^ "*"*'■*"• "•*• """^»'« .tudcnt I. «, th..mtehly ,lrl!h.,l In th« p„„H,,|« a. to be b..yo„d th« nKurrrnoe of the little p.rn|.„ir,„ .rr, ni S^L , . h need^ to fkate., /<«,ry. and f.t one for the more arduou. toll of actual buai„...a either urn"^;;,!:!":;'""' '• '" "'''^•'' '•"'^"•'«'"" ^ ""' '"-^ '""'"t« '"•Tu'ctla., b.,„rln« . ^ rMlrMtaa. "•' "" '*^* **"* «"• "»» «»•• U-dg.r pig., i. «,y«!l to ll>. ,l*vt id r f*- m • ./' '■ y i-. : . '/! ('/■ ■'■■"■ ;■ ,A I , i a- I BAY BOOK, SET I. NEW YORK. JTANUARY 1, 1850. '^|?:^-.^??l*"!^j^^'^l'«»J'»'"%f^ .... .|! 6000 if V Ho .Ito owM Peter CSooper on %, which i« to be paid from the busineM ' "' ■ J 3 — ■ _. Bounht of Wilion a Ilrflipftr CWl 400 ydfc Engilth Br O N .... J 800 600 1400 Sold H. D. 8tnitton,i>n % 10ydi.Bro.deloth. ^ ... dl4 . . I Bought of Frands & Loutrel, on our note at 90 days 60 ream, extra Fod^jap / @ ,3 gQ ^ ^ 20 do Superfine Letter. ....... ©3.00 . . 60 Accepted Peter Cooper', draft on us at 10 days' dght, favor of W. H. fieebe — — ^ 12 Sold S. S. Packard, on ,his note at 00 days, 10 reams Foolscap . .... 6 do Letter.- ..... 14 • • » • • .« • • • @H00 . . 140.00 @ 3.50 . . 17.50 40 285 600 67 '\ .» y I I'^ugnt. on our note at 40 days, \y ' ..J^^J^,^}^J_r.n<^_i^o^. .^ . . . . . Qt4 . . . . .if ,000 V Paid Cash for Set of Books for use of store . ' 16 . —^ 50 Sold R. a Spenoejr, for Qtfh, 5 reams foolsobp 18 . . . . . @$3.75 . * . . .; Sold E. G. f olsom, on Jj I 20 reamSiTooIscap . ... a,*Ani\ *o« I 10 ,*.*.«.??. .:::::::: |^«j ; ; ; ^»| •1 "I 20 18175 . , _ -':-.- 22 ---i?^ V Jleoeive^ Cash-of tt D. Stratton, on 58 ..... ^ ... . ~ ' 23 I! --. II 115 _ 90 Paid our aoceptanoei &vor of W. H. Beebe, in Cash . . . ji ^^ , . — 25 — '■ -__•*' * * •! '^ VV SoldJ.T.CWkina,forGi8h, - ~ I __^^y^_B'««k French Qothi . . . ... $4.60 ... ./ ( Bought of J. D. Comstodt, on * * 4dozenSoftHata 77 , . Paid Cub as foUowa 81 •9. . 0124 . For aerk Hire. . . . For Rent of Store, one monUiJ ;•••••*••• -• • }«0 ForGasBiU . . . . \'. •••••*....... 100 4 ^"""-^^^^^ ?»,• ^^^^^^t^^ ^ vrsT *■ " !r'f<»wpw«ww?»r JOUIlNAL,-^ET I. NEW YORK, JANUARY 1. 1869. Or, • • • • • ' • • • • • " • • • • • • ... . . . . Cash Dr. To Stoci thi«^''ll*n'"h.'?!*!?. *'^" *« wprweht the person invMling; in It 5000 StocK Dr. ... . Top«™.coop„. . : : : ; : : \\:y,/r: Um . oeruln wiount. and U. therefore. l-Ue^S^ to hta! j?ii?r^!j MsRCHAIfDISB Dr. . , To Cash . . . ... '■"'•..••.. MerchandiM tout tH .400, and !■ debitMl *V,v • n-.t for mercUndiHe. «.d U crefij^^ r* ^^ I CUh WM p«« &000 600 fiOO • • • • « 1400 II To MBKCIIAHttltfi ' ■ 5 _.,_. 1400 \ .«,t I I ( ! I I ! I W^™*""" !>'•• • • . • . . ..... I lo Mkrchandisb .... I ° B. D. Strmtton Dr., Pn'n. A. MerchandiM Cr., PKh.j. I i " -— ■—. ._ _ • j MiROHARDin Dr. . i ', To Dills Patablk . . . . . \ \ '. .', Her«h«>diM Dr., Prin. «. Billa Payatle Ct^ p^n. 8. ' '^""■"' '■ ■" --' '■■- 10 - Fktkr Coonm Dr. . To Bills Patabu 8001 I soo 40 ■ . . . ■ ■'! J « — --■- \ 1' • • • 285 ■ i . .. ., i .836 - ^ ,; 1 '■ \ ....... 600 • • • • » 600 -\ ,-j Bills RioBiTABu Dr. . . . . . , ^ ' i^ To MWCHAKDISI . . . . . \ , * ' ' \' ] r BUblUod^taDr,^-,.,*. lteeh«di..te,*iU..; 571 60; ' I. ' _' - f 67 60 86|» 6d,85S3i 50 'f I II If JOURJ^AL,— SET I. NEW YORK. JANUARY 14. 1850. 2)r, AmounU brought forward, . ... M* ^ Or. MlRORARDISI Dr. To Bilk Patabli MerduDdlN Dr., Prin. t. BlU. P,y,bl. (Jr.. Prin. 6. -, 15 .^ I ExPiMM Dr. .'. . . . . . ; 1 ToC«H EiIMmM* Dr., />„,,. 7. Cwh Cr., Prin. 1. f - 16 • • • 1 I Cash Dr. - - • • To Mbrorandisk . Cwh Dr., Prin. a. Merchandiae Cr, /"nm «. J-— -■ . 18 2 1 E. G. FoLBOM Dr. . . . . J To M1RCRANDI8B . . . , B.0.FaIwmDr.,iV,„.6. Utrch^dite Ct.. Prin. ». 22 , I Gash Dr. . . '. . To H. D. Stratton 0-h Dr., Prin. l H. D. Stratton Cr., i>„X «. ~ ;_ 23 Bills Patablk Dr. . . To Cash . . . . . .' .' [ BiU. Payable Dr. PWn. 8. CaOx Cr., Prin. i. 25 Cash Dr.- ... To Merchandisb . Cwh Dr., Prin. «, Merchandise Cr., PW^ j. 28 Mercrandisk Dr. . . . To" J. D. COMSTOCK .... Mercluu.diseDr.,/W,ua: J. D. Comitock ft., Pwii. 6.' 31 Expsmi Dr. .... ^'^■■- •■:::;:::::•: B«peMeDr.,PWfi.7. Caah Cr., Prhu,! ^ ^ :■ J- — , \ "--'- ) 8fi32|fi(| 1000 SO 18 115 20 sool 75 676 96 64 IT Us Tisif Jon. LEDGER,— SET L 1 1 To Pet«r Coopw 900 I 1859 Jan. 1 ByCMh li sooo lU I. : (ifoti4if r4et4ttd.) Jan. It M - if M .1 8 1« at To Stock H. D. Stnrtton Cash W^- (JToMif Mtpettt ,^.) * ' »>"' "• "PPr^hend that It i, t^.hful. ner.rtbri«^ portion .OK. exbibit. the n^ ««, of tb?: c^b^rai' t L"^,^^^^^^^ "«• ""> proc«K,;":f Ti^i:; in «ceinng aa mocb aa we b.ve paid for merchaL^r. ih!lf' ' ' "J'Teronce doea em<^» what wo lack, ao far ^*— — — as — — ■■SP •^-^ U\ To Ouh LEDGER,~SET I. - soo J l_ (f i:i. '{ 18S« " I 10 Peter OooiMr "'141 NdM *^ MS 800 1000 1M»| I" •'■a II To IfdM. -— — !_ -i' I _ J I ,_ _ _ i_ I _ _ - Ji^^®,- R-eoeivable. KAm t« kt^ 1 «» «.jl t ' M>M> i ll i 1 1 ! ( (Ott«rr JMm tfifdfMl ^ ^Tr. Bhr. 1889 I •Am. la To OHh M I •! I u 4?!^.^__ Expense, •1 /«*«< itv,iM,, „„ « 164 Cr I.; I nir. «H».)8.,»*M< 1889; **-> E. c>. jToisom. , /««. I aOi TolfdMb >l! 1W| V' t... , — — ' - 'i I Dr. {omr% *^' •?• ^_v Pomsto olr. I . I 1! ■.,"" II 1 11" i 1 1889 l» 1 1 - .1...' III III 1 /"• 9( OfolMl «|«) "'• •?«*<• \ *\\ »H 86 TRIAL BALANCES. GENERAL STATEMENT. a»4rr::i2 r.rrL^ia::i:r^ •■•' -^ p-p- --- Jh. THal Balano«._iVM,e of ^Mlgw. soo 6518 500 8731 40 500 57 164 115 75 1 SO Auumed hy At Coneern, BeeHvtd .... Our % againtt him CotI Our % againtt him Our notet redeemed Other/ notet received Outlay . . . . "^ Meoumui , . . Stock . . ,. , Ca«h . . . , PnsB CoopiB . MuOBANOIBI H. D, Stbattoh. BaLs Patabu 11141i 25 I Invetled at capital. Paid out. •^. . . •^w % againtt ut . Jtelurnt from take J^i* % againtt V*' . '. n.7.T »""""*• ^^-«tfi*ni«d . . E. G. FoLsou, . J. D. CoMSTocK . We owe him ... . SquilUtrium ..... The above statement is called a " Trial Balannn »» f«. ♦!.- - ^ial to ^r^n if the deblu and ^r^^^T^TZ^^^t^^lTLTX 'P' '" * •s some suppo«^ prove the Ledger to be ab«,lutely «,rrect 21S,« ' ^'^ "°'' ' under which the Ledger maylJance. «.d yet be IT iSifZ'" T^; S? '""^"«- ever, is so nearly a test, that, underTrdinarv circumrL. ,» T ^'""^ ""'""*• ^°^' -By observing the footing: you ^TZ'^r^y^y'^Z^-Z^''''^^^^^^^ which could rarely be the case if an v of th« tZLT .^^^ ^^ '^^ *•"*"* °^ **•« •'o"™"'. the footing, of thljournZlu^'l'':;?:^^ "and „ that aU the original entries have found^L wsy^to t^^^^^ ^"^u'JT!' T' '*' '""^««» chances of error in the accounts, viz. • fWim Z JI!^ r i'^^*'' ^'' '«*^^ »>»t two wrong accounu in the I^e^^ * "^"^ *^°""^ "'*^'»' °' fr«°» Po^ti-g to the "It will be seen that, in order to afford this atMSHnn.i ♦— ♦ i. «»rry into the Trial Balance the ^tai/^^o^llT'^^,^:i Z' ^""'^ ** balance of our Ledger, this would not be fiece«L « ^m i! * ^""T^ ""'^^ *^ *^ *»"« example: •»« necessary, as wiU be seen from tiie following -Trial BalMice.-Dlfforenoei of l^dgw Aooouatc Stock. . . . , Cabh 1 . . . Mkbohakdisk . , H. D. Stbattoh . Bttts Patablk. . Bills RBOBiVABti . . ^uurt notet on ham Kg"ol«,; • • • ^'^*-*"-^--.T J n /^ • • * fftowetut .. . . J. D. CoMSTocK . . We owe him . . Equtlibrium . , . , Jh. Net invettment ... Amount on hand . Net eott . . , ■fftfotwrw* . . . . Our outatanding notet . Othert' notet on hand . 44291 1024 20 57 184 115 "8^1 '75ii 75ii 50 (M. 45001 1235 XT '•li^- : '^«pt=". \ ACCOUNT OF bTOCK. .-^ -^^^z::^M^*^^^^^ r^ - -^W-th. other. .„d, credit of the «1 Z^l^^vtrtTr' '\''' ^""'"'"« ' ^«'"» »° *>«■-» .nd -«^unt«nu h,ve foun^d ver™v:nlcn?aTti.nr'.l l-ve e«,h iu peculiar adv«,t.ge., method I. exemplified in another ^'rut of the It "'^ ''"""•" ™'- ^'•*»- We will now turn our attention more particularly to the oT,!-^ .„<» -u , ^ , "The iniportant conaideration With the buBinri^ a to k^h?, r^ °^ ^ oonatantly in view! •»* i. thu. «niiKW »« '"'^ /"»">'■ »<> keep hia resourpMand liabUitiea • the degri of hia ^roa^tv "A 1^11^^^ T ^'^L^,^''--^'"'"^^. »>ut practically. having a real or fijrra,„c^-«.d dl^S^T^LLTe^hM 5." "^"^ "^ '" """"^ . however that cannot be d.terp.ined fh,m thT^;'^^^"^^^^^^^ whi:;/s:^::^:r:^j;«i;;;;^^^^^^ for the aame price for which we pu Jhted S "tS ^ ^^ "" "^^^ °'"" '"«^'«"di,e the value cf that remaining unaoW rL o„i ^ it a 1 IT '^**"' ^ "'«• ^°"'"» "h^^ Aandi^e account with only the co t^ri^ of 1 mT ^"""A"*' '"*'' ""' '"^'»«^ Me.. ri.«y the .value of that rem^i^ing uns<5d But w« H J" ft* *''*' ''"^«™'«« ^^^^ "'"^ the Merchandise ac«>unt with ZpZL Zl Z ''"" . T"' '''* '""»' P'»" «f "'editing it- cost, "the difference will failto'Z^uhe a^ 'k '^ ^''^r"""'"^ ^^^^'^^^ ^^'^ diacrepancy between the coat and th^'pZ^l Z^ "" ."' '" ^ '"^' '"""""» ^^ »»•• ing what thia discrepancy ia. -our only^^, "f ,11 • '"' "^u """ '^ "° """"• °^ '"'«^- di«e fa to go to olir sh'e^ea and estLa^'b^ aet«r,:;Zi; ^-'S«'>-'^ »-»•«- takmg an inventory," or « taking an account of atc^k " ^' ™' ^"^ «• called n.ui we now proceed to do, with the following result: . * / i^- T IXVENTOEY. , MerchaiidiBe rema^ uaaold. Jan. 31, 1869. m yards English Broadcloths. Va^ . " Pomcstic Cassirnercs m do Black French Glotha , 4 dozen Soft Hats . 15 reaijis Extra Foolscap do Letter " I @I3 @$1 . @ia4 . ®I3 . or Ibat in the monA's transactioTs. ^ '^°"^'" *^*'"''*' ''^^ '»««='' »^ been gained .In the statements which follow such f«rm.i.„ v , i.At.^ii'.Oi »1P"»)^ I the other, and, ebit to oflHut « liar advantages, le. Thia latter of the Ledger. > ud rtabilitiea ut praotioallj, Si all reaouroet • of reaouroea^ 'rt/jgipohaaed 'rty can be aa- J i«preaented ' merchandise I would show sredited Mer- » would also 1 of crediting debited with nount of the ans of Icno'w »ld merchan- »• ia called 570 200 1 400 96 53 60 15 333 50 1^ ■ ' aflairs mi ten gatoed place the which will originate - STATEMENT OF RESOURCES AND LIABILITIES. BUtoDMBt of lUwmraM, 1. Taktn from, tht Ltdgtr. Caaa*. II. D. STaATTON B1LL8 RlOBIVABLl £. G. FoLaoM . Amount received .... Amount paid out . ., . . Bttlunce on hand . . Our account ngiiiiiHt him ■ , Ilia account agniiist tie ... . He owes us ..... Others' notes received, and on hand He owes us ... . \ 6513 30U4 40 20 75 2. Taken from Imeniory. MaROBAMDiBi . Value of that unaold . . . vii Total Retourcea . 4430 20 67 115 11333 I 6055 78 50 .60 75 Bills Patablb j. d. comstook Stock Btatemdat of UablUtles. \~ Taken from the Ledger. fOur Notes issued, . . ... " redeemed, ...!.' outstiindinji, .... We owe h (Amount in " ai Net invest We owe him invested for the proprietor, assumed for « investment 1735 600 ! I 6000 I _500 I I Tot^Uabilitiei, {te»a unappropriated gaim) 1235 06 4500 68.31 From these statements it appears that the Total R condem are. And the Total Liabilities (as shown). Leaving an excess of. . vcsourccs of the \ 15956 76 5831 •124 75 _ Itis plain that this excess of resources must have accumi.iated during "the businesa aa at the Commencement the resources and liabilities were shown t« Ko ? ""smesa, aa at tha.. the concern owed "Stock" or the pro^Tr Zn i^v^^^^^^^^^^ Principle S^. should be credit^ with the inLease or gain, ll, Zet:' be^t ^tl^ .t would be proper to do so at any time when such increase or gain can be asceZtd Should we now cr^it Stock with this exces^$124.75-it will eq.mlize our UTr^ and tS^iroI- i^rr^"""'""^ """.""* •'' ^'•^ •""^ -"^ive'position toTwin^ TV. ir^f f the commencement, viz. : as showing the net investment l-he fact most clearly demonstrated thus far, then, is that, whetlier ferenoQi between the resources of owing.to the proprietor, or his real net apparent or not, th6 dif. a concern and its o»/fe«fe liabilities is what the concern is of S^ mr '.."'' T'*'"''"*.''"^ ^f-'Jd be equal to the excess of cr«liu of Stock or Partners accounts, when those accounts are made to show their adeouate r^ ■ulta. adequate re- TTiii wUl be more plainly seen in the foUowing schedule. 1 29 . ii I Iff 8TATEMENT OF KESOOKOES AND LUBUITIEe. -- -.^ '^* .*^ 0«iunwio»m«»t of BiutncM. lUtourttit Guh • . . LiabiliHtM, Peter Cooper Stock . . • • • t . 600 4fi00 0000 RnourctB. Owh . . . . BiJIi receivable II. D. Stratton E. O. Folsom . Merchandise . Qb th* Slit of JakMiy, Liabilitita, 15 (;|£- ^- Com.tock . . 60 Bill. Payable . . Stock . . . '_ V 06 1235 4624 1 76 I 6965 176 It will now be evident that "when the ti»\ oondltim, n/ .- • ' mu.t exhibit equal resou^^, «„d liabilitie. • ah^^ / r "' ~"*'' **" ^ ascertained, it fact I. not apparent, it i. oni;C.om7ten,tli:i "' '^^ "'""''"'"« ^''^ »"»'"- »"'• cause can be aacertained. temporary cause or convenience. Let u, «HiIf thi, copt Merchandise and Expense, his true tW^h^"'^'^''"*' ""^ ^^^'^ represented ex- by the inventory, is reelect .rl^r^^ Zt '^ T "^^^ <>- '-«^. - -hown the Mercha dise account in the lilger. ThTte^M . """""« "^"^^'^ »° <^« ^'^h dentlybecausothey were not necessary in shrLTr T""*" ""''*'«**» "^vi. do they show 1 -The debit of MerchandirZL*^ he resources and liabUities. What then credit the proceed, ,Von. sales' 'ftthl pS' weTdd te'^V' T""*' ^' ''^ remaining unsold, we shall have the total in^^of 1^ b T"'^"'' P'"*'*^' "'^ **» d.»e. From this amount if we deduct its J/w" s^mIAh" " P"^""^ ^^ "«'<**"• fte cost be ^„ than the proceeds, the exc^^:mtl^t^^^ ^ merehandi«,; or, if •nwdebit side or cost of merchandise' is!'-"*"" •••••••••.. 3089 75 p. ,'5pes'*-'_,t?-'**-'«r^«^*^?TfJ^'' ITIE8. 600 4000 0000 1235, 4624 Its ! 69ft5 1 7a Moertained, it business this u*aeeirthia loern on the >resented ex- nd, as shown ir to do with ted? "EW- What then lise, and the Beds of that )7 merchan- dJse; or, if I ?5 bO • 75 /and audi debit side tpense ao-/ I in which ^ — / STATEMENT OF LOSSES AND GAINS. «d sale of mereh^d's^Ttiiri/'il oT "'""'" '"^''^"^ ^ '^"-'- th. pu«hZ «.^ would it not h..rbi t^xt ^xri' T *"" '"*'* '" • *"*•' ••"* »-"Hr tfc. E-pcn*. I I W U.i. method Z. du«uJ *^^-"^"^'«' -"-unt wl|J. ebes, ,u,™., |n.uL „f • IW less than they now Vow oJ^ tl!' T', *!. * "" «'««='«"f« would .,,p„^ u, ,, which, it wlil be seel -^Uy ^ree. wlthth^ i? "•*""" '•""' T "^ "^"°^ »« ♦''"'^^ therefore, as we chocX to JhTbHur Itl "TT/ '^"TT^^ "^"^ "'"— "^ |H.n«^•' we must not forget that 1 .ZnU ST. i^T ""''.V'^'*' "^«^ '"«»• - " Ev th. cost was incurred, iby flljlT^c^ nttl^^ "~""'- '^^ ^"'"^ b« ua«i to oanoeJ that exceac ITii. &ot wilHT *f **"'' »*'"' """'^ ulUmatel/ «»* inia fliot will be more apparent Ijy the foilowing SUUnwnt of LomTaiid ChdM. Tletuma from Snlos . Anticipated returns (mds^. unsJid) .* .' MawiUKDisi^ Total Returns . . , . --~^.. co«» ...... . . : • "^^ Gain on Merchandise . ' . rOutlay . ^ J No Ueturiia EiPiNsa i Lobs on E^jponst's ...... V Mt Gain ... i 1700 SS I iaU3 |60 80.W (75 a7»i4. 184 808 75 184 I cou^^!t^r:^:i:::i^,:'Sf •-" tHat-thoro:rotwoel.,esof a. «Wd from the other, the unapp." i^" ^ :d ^l;^^^^^^^^^ -<^ »- <^f the concern, the resources and liabilities of a concern can ainJk 1 "^ "''*«^^"''' *''"' *''«'"«^«' .t anytime these are not appar^thTit itTfrt' Z" ^^ V ""' ^'•"*' "'^ accounts for the purpose of conuining the gSnd lo^e^^J.i k""" °^ '"'"*"'" **'"'"""'^ it may be convenient or desirable to distribTt),„™ T f """""^ """' ™«* "•»« " A, we shall need frequently to^fert^^K 7 ""f"" *''""" P^P*"" "«=«"""'• «on to be thoroughly uXstoJd we w I V "'u"*"' ""•* ^""'•" *''^'" '" »»•-•• -PP»<* the simple definiL^It S ^^l'':""'"'"'?^ '''•'" ?"*^ ""^ R-pk.s«ktat.v' with cmlits, real r*««,r.«1 or /.W«Td -^^"1" "'"''' '"" ""^*'"'" "'" '^«'"»- «>' ■tockholders,byexhibitinir Ih „ r f /«■"«"«'..-* .„ch a. represent the stockholder or proper account^ "whe ■ ft stl' ' Z ZTu"" '""'"'''*'^ ^ »»« -'"«<* »« »•« or thj^^ UJ a AcTOT,, of rMo«rc« ortn^r^^n,. ZrL\ ** *" '°'^» """^ *PP«»r. either ..in.:S.oc.. or i..„... ^„„, , J:3:'a- r^^^^^ /■\. -V \..- i ll. ■ I QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW. Wa will now mtkn • pnustkml ■ppllntlon orthuM leMona, In ^witorlng our I^edger to ito proper oondlUun. By nir«rring U> th« 8to«k anoount, jrnu will am that It haa reniainad un- ohangod sinoa th« ooniiiitinoemDnt of th« bualnoaa ; whila wn knvw, (Voin tha torogoinft atata- iiiunta, that the buaineaa itatilf haa chungod in a niat«rlal aonau. You may raiiiMinlMtr that "Stock aooount waa opened for the purpoae of ahoWlng tho net capiul or invxwtnient, *\X anawered thia purpoae thoroughly at the atart, and would do ao even now,„ir:.thu capital or ' Inveatment had remained the lame. Uut auch la not the caae,and onnatiquenC^Kt^ttM-k account bila of tta full miMlon In juat the amount of the fluctuation uf InvuatMl ^HmmI. Wa have already ahown, by two proouaaca, what thia fluctuation la, and It ia now "•rlllT* W«w to <«>. aturlng Stock account U> lU normal condition, tluit we "cloae up" the Letl^cr aci\>uiiU ex- hibiting the grand reault by the balancca of reaourcua and liabilitiea. We wla^ Ihia bruccM distinctly notexi, oa tho entire theory we have aOught to advano«i,ia herein pruoticaliy demon- itnted. ' ' , QUESTIONS FOR Rlb^pW. ■"'•- '.. . . ■■ ■. ■ GENERAL mSTRUOTIONa 1. Why •honldth«ita4ent keep the I^),'«r In view when JouroallilngT 2. VThen elioulcl Uu'chaok-mark ( /) be made In the Day Book, and where T 8. What ii trantferrlnK to the Ledger eaW^^T^hy U III neoe*. •ary to oh<»erve care In poetlngT 6. What li the flrit acceiuit opened In tlio Ledger t 6. When, an &i.unt Ii poated to the Ledger what ezpreMion ehoiild be madaT % la It nece.wry timt re8ilon .houll l>e madeT 8. Of what should the Ledger exprcMion be euggentlvet 9. Whoa should the |M4(« of the Lediwr to which ao amount is poatod be antered In the Journal, and where T . GENERAL STATEMENT. 10. Why U a Trial Balance so eaUed ? U. Does the Trial BaUnce prove tho Ledger to be obsolutcly cor- rectT 12. Is the test afforded by the Trial Balance nsually satisfactory ? 1.1. What test U affoi-ded proving all the Journal entries to have been posted T 14. What to prove that all tho original entries have been journalized? 18. When these ^irocautlons are used, how many chances are there for errors which may escape the Trial Balanee testT 18. What must be the condition of the Trial Balance which alfords'these tesfsT 17. Would It be nenisaary to carry the Mai footmg» Into the Trial Balance did we not desire this sddlUonal security? 18. Can a correct Trial Bahuice be had Which will contain simply the balance, of the i-Klger accounts? ,19. Upon what ,)rinciple Is this effected? 20. Are thcne two forms of Trial Balance ever combined In one? 21. What U the Im,H)rUnt comil.leration with the business man in connection wKh his scdounts? 28. What does thia enable him to do? 23. What will a Ledger pro,K.rly kept show at any time? 24. What kkd of resources cannot be shown from the Ledger? 25. How Is the real valuo of such property ascerUined? 26. Is there any property of this kind represented lo Set L, and what is It?/ 27 What wiU the difference in the sides of Merchandiae account Show. If debited and crodlted with the same value ? 28 When the MerchandlHc account U debited with the cost of merchandise, and credited with its proceeds how much WiU the difference between the sides fail of showing the value of merchandise unsold ? 2» Wh*n the account Is so kept what Is our only method of ascertaining the value of merchandise unsold ? 80 Wl»t is the process caUed? 81. When the real condition of a concern is stated, what must it ejhibit? 82 I'th. •tat«menl of resources and lUbUiUes on page 29, why were not the Ledger accounU of Expense and Mer* chandim, Uke,. cognirance of? 88. What is shown by th««, accounts? 84. Is there any similarity in these accounts? 88. What must be borne In mind with reference to the miture of such special accounts as Ex. penso? 86. now many classes of accounU are thereT »»• What can be learned from eacfi^ 88 ' When the resources and liabilities of a concern do not show to be equal, what must be the reason ? 89. What accounU are «Ued B«J? 40. WhatRepresentaUve? 41. How la it shown that these two classes of accounU run exactly parrilel? 42. For what purpose is Stock account opened? 48. Why does not Stock account perpctuaUy represent th. net Inv^Unentt 44. For what purp;se U It neces^iJy to clo«, up i^uln of ihe uZ 82 (• ~-. -»wisj»j t^p'-i?B'-5 be for a temporary purpowt only, or It may Im IIiihI. Mn clo»ing a Betit accunt, If the aidoi 06 equal, it la neouaaary only to add up the two aid^ and dni*/«d linea uiiduinuaih the amounts of each. The account thua liecoinea oaneoled, and, ao fur aa mir bualnfu ia aflootcd, la aa though U^ never been. • If the side* be nol equal, and we .kairo to cloan the acciount] for th« purp^ae of ahowing the reault, we enter upon the Mmnlttr tide, in r^xl ink, an amount which will make it equal to the larger aide. Thla will, of oourae, be the dUrerfnee between the aidea, or the txctu of the larger, and muat be ahowit aa auch, either in a oontimmtion of the aame account, or in another aooount of the aame Import. ITie balance thua ahown will b« either a rtioure0 or a liability. If the aidea of a liepreamlative account l>o equal, and the prooeeda all ahown, it ia alao oloaed by adding up the debit and credit ooluinna, and drawing red linoa undoimeathj * If untqual, the exceaa will be entered on the anollor aide in red ink, and will n>. preaent a ^ain or a fo««. The columna will then be add^d, aa in the other caae. . 80 much for thaproceu. Let ua now aaoertain for what purpott the Ledger acoounU are cloaedat all, and each step will then auggeat ita own philoaophy. Wo have already ahown that juat aa soon aa the Inve.ted capital begina to fluctuate or choiigo in value. Stock aoopuni oeaaea to repreaont the real interest of the proprietor. 'Thia ia airiiply beca.iae the gnimi and loaaea are not carried to Stock account «A*» they octur, but are nllowi-d to remain in the Uepre- aentativo accounts. "Aa often, therefore, aa we wish to ahow what ia the proprietor'a intereat In the business or what the concern h A* ing him. wo' n.u.t take th.«o gains and losses fn>m hl» Representative accounU, and carry them to the Stock account. Wo do this by " closing up" the account* and transferring their balances. 'The usuul n.ethod 1. to- open . general a,iounL called Profit and Loss." or " Loss and Gkin," and first transfer to it all the gain, and lo-ac^ Th a enable, u. to get the net gain or tl/e net loa. in one amount, which we carry to atock^ fit be a net gam, .t will go to the credit Me of the account. Increasing the investment j 'Mf • loes, to the debit side, decreasing the Investment "This can all be accomplished without disturbing the Rtal accounts. "If. however it I. deaired to show m a tabular form the resources and liabilities of tl,e concern, we can easily do JK, by ppemng an account for this purpose called "Balance." and close tho Jleal'accounta Into K Y' 'f 7 *'•* to -how an era in our business, we con close up those m;counte, and brina the balances down, as shown in the Lodger which follows. _ "The object, then, of cl.«.ing the Ledger accounts is to restore the proprietor's account to the jamerelauve position towards the business which it occupied at the commencement, vii, as showing the net Investment, or net interest of the proprietor "' '*' / "J^^'T^ '" "^ '""^ """ '¥^^S^'' aonmnU, for ^ purpofM (^ « g«n«n] M|Mjaltloa of tfllklra, Um f illowlqg onlttr ■Ih>uI<1' b« obaervod : *. •Op<« Ml aooount with "Ixm and Oain," (If not altmAy op«iitid,) md uiAth«r wllh " IfelMioa i" " Uut runnel to Mblbit Um httu and faint, and ** Um Utter th* r*wur«M mm! liMiliti. ■-§.'• ' ■ - " AaonrUln from the Inventory If any property remalna unaold j and, If ao, endit aatsb account for which auch pn>p«rty waa originally d«blt«d with tha Talua of th*t unaoid, making th« entry I'a rtd ink, " By lUlanoo," and tranaf«rrlng the amount directly to the dnhit tldo of Dulanoo account, making thia entry in blaek ink^ " To Merohandiae," or " To IU»1 EaUte," or any othor account from which the amount la tranafcrred. **The Ledger aOQounta will eaok ahow, now, one of Uu four following reaulta, viz: a Reaoutaa, • Liability, a Gain, or a Loaa. n t. \ "Omitting Stock account, (or Portnera' accounia,) commence with tbefint account In the Ledger. Flrat aa^erUin which of the above reaulU It ahowa, and make th^^ o|oelklg entry ao- cordlngly. If the difference reprtwent a rcaouroe, oV a liability, tnt^r upon tho amaller aide, im rtd ink, "To," or » Bjf Balance," aa tho oaae may be, and tranafiii the amount im blark ink to the oppoait* aide of Balance account If the difference reproaontk gain or loaa, enter on Um imaller aide In red Ink, "To* or "By Loaa and Gain," and tranafor the amount. In the aame mnnnor to fyiaa and Gain account. Qchw all Uie accounU (oxoepjt Stock or Partners') and transfer the balaneea aa directed. "The Loaa and Gain account will now ahow, on Um debit aide, all the loaaca, and on flto credit aide, all the gaina, the difforence being the not gain or nettoik "Thio Bulance account will ahow on the debit aide all the rcaourcea, and on the ofedlt aide all the llabllitiea, (exoepUng the reault of Stock or Partnera' acoounta,) the diffeiw «IW htAttg the real Intereat or prdaont Invoatmont of tbe proprietor or propriotora. 1 *• ■Take * "Seconil Trial Balance," or a Trial Balance of the remaining open aocounta: Stock or Partners', Loaa and Gain, and Balance. •• If the balanooa have been properly trana- Airred the debiU and orediU of Uieae acoounta, token together, muat be equal •aoae Uie Loaa and Gain account into Stock, or, If It be a partnerahlp buainesa. Into the partnera' accounta. dividing the gain or loaa according to agreement. •' The Stock or Partnera' accounta will now ahow the original Investment, Increased by the gain, ordecroaaed by the loss; the difference being the present net Investment. "As the Balance account ahowa Uie lame thing, they must, pf C9urse, agree. '-'...' ^ ■ ■■ * • Close fitock acebuntijor Partners' accounts) into Balance account, which must equalize that acoovint. It showing now, "on one aide the totol resources, and on the other the total itabilitlea, and presenting In the most condensed form, the exact present condition of the business. The student will please observe this order In making the closing entries which follow. At win be seen Uut this Ledger prescnU the same accounts aa the preceding, and differs on]/ In having disposed of the gains and loeses. The balances of the R*al iw...nf. (^ .^cept agree wiUi U.e Trial Balance, showing balances on page 27, while the /2«prwnto/.w acoounta have oeaacd to exist, their resulta being exhibited in Uio Stock account .^^. 84 ./' i Mother will) ■ rtmrnrut uad Df. LElXiEU, SET I.-^L08ED. Stook. Ju». t To I^M•r Coopar fr. 7n»i.i, I I Trt Bf«nk " l«, M4|m>. »t ' nj It. n. Hiraimn •« U, MdM. I :l MO j ^i I j ByCMh AIM 71 ft*. I tl^tlaiM-* Cr. I i MMI9 I 4, l<4 7t II M lf» 4«»t n •111 1,1 Fth. I Tu n*lanct Oaah. I ; Bono { I Jnn.\ S \ Tiy M. I I MNt I , " I IS, KxiK-nM « 1 •• !»• " \n: ijni-r«r«t* I fO " ai l^*i|wn«i ' Mii'i fii'i \ I . 44» I*fl , Cr. i 1 1< I4fln ' I ! tea fi I * I l»*»; '': Jm\ I Dy 8uK-k ]V£erohancl IM9 j I ./nil. 9 , Tq r«ih 1 I UOO " 10 lillUPajrable | 1 | saj "14 " '■ I a 1 10(10 ai) . J. U. Cunuioik .Mill M Ftbi I ToBaknoa I ise. IMSi J Jw., 5^ ByCaih. " lei' IM>. Htnittim " lli> liilU Kmlviilile " I l«| S7 ii I in a i 115 a,; S7S t • , so 75 soM i rs iilnefls, into tho ;k or Partnera* nvosed by th« lint ahowa the 9r. r\ 1859 I •/'IHm • To MlifO. F^. 1 l^Bolanoe 1859 ! JwA aai TgCath -Pr^ H. D. Stratton. I ■ I r I iw»: ; \1 : l|| 40 1 l,yoii.' t*»By CMhr v< ' . ; ' I " ''' ' /i'.''i'')ft! Iiir •'-. " ll~'40'r • I J \ \'» \ ■\ ' __, \ 'J - Bill^ Payable. 300 ! 1733 1 18391 i-l J,m.\ 9 1 ' (1 ' 10 1 " 1 1 14 , 1 FA.\ 1 By Maw. IVter Cooper M1 ToCMh .*rn." iRl Jiy ^*S u/ij (/iii ^- II ill so IM i| 1 .11 ":•:■' : IM ■ f ! 1 . tr. •u. Il 184 . Bhr_ . t85«i I fia^i 1 To E. C3-. Folsom. 9 IIS lU 1 ''.as. ■ i ;- '•'':. r>- Jntut I j - , — 1 : 1 . » Hhr. 18ft» M 7'' liatitwe «T, ID. Oomstook. i. ■ I issd /an^ Sd ByHdM. i i; Feb\ \' ByBdMiM Cr. 115 V fit. *i 96 W ■ xit. ■ ■■/ 'l88»| J iLoss and C3-ain.. i +11 iM "J 184< /an] 81 BvMda* i»4 ir. 1 1 ' Cr. I ! -I —I Mft «■ ^..- ' _i - ■ i 'II- 1. i. SOS 7S 18S» /«•. Sl ToMdaa CiMh H. D. Stratton Billa Receivable KaFobom BalaxLoe. ^ Il I85i| J ■ . .;-••-- Jani SI By BiHii PayaDla "8 J. D. ConuUKt Ji ■ SOS ! jS Cr. I 1883^ li T " ' . -sr SI r__ii5j i.i 8: stock 86 !i ' « Il 4624 »s II. ssssj 7» "'I ■ ~" r^(^iL*IdB^*^■G^,.A(^'/>u■S ii, -,i|L i J&'^Sa*^ »(n-f y '"^.■^*'^-fe"f "'?»^ "-^^^JT", OENEBAL BEMARKS. 1 GENERAL REMARKS/ By refemng to the Balance aooount In the preceding Led^'^r, we iholl find "a fnll atate- ment of the resources and liabilities of our concern on the 31 ^t of January. Should we desire to open a new set of books on the 1st of February, "we have all the necessary information for that purpose ; or we can represent-the state of pur affairs in our present'Ledger, " simply ...'•/^''"ging U8inMS. Now as the gains and losses are all shown in the Loss and Gain Bcoount, "the difference between the sides being the net gain or loss, it follows that this differ •nee must exactly equal the discrepancy between the capital at commencing, atid the capital at closing ; pr, in other words, between the Stock and Balance accounts. If, then, we dose the Loss and Gab aooount into Stock, weVfcall have exhibited in Stoci; account, "first, the capital at commencing, and next, the gain or loss during buginww, which, together, muat equal the • ..: 37 ■ ■ ■ . ■ :. . ' ■ I !^ila!iiSt^tisSji&S!f'^„.iJiSI!iaikyxiij!i&'' -■m il i 4 i ■ t GENERAL KfiMAKKS. capital at dosing. "The Balatioe account showing all the resources, ar.d all the outside liabili Ucs at Woi«uig, must represent the same amount; and hence, the balance of either transferred to the other, mxwt equalize the sides. , This is usually one of the most difficult points of comprehension in the student's path, but all such difficulties give vay readily to a little momentum of reason and determination. It will be apparent that throughout the discussion thus for, we have drawn a marked dis tinction between the proprietor and the bunneig, Il is necessary that this distinction be clearly appri^hended before we proceed farther ; as, if there is 'any thing peculiar in this treatise, it will be fuund to emanate from this recognition.* The great fact to which we refer, is strik- ingly apparent in the first entry upon our books, which was to credit Stock with the invebt- meot. Now if we inquire who credits Stock; we shall be forced to the conclusion that there is a party represented here, entirely distinct from stock, or the proprietor ; as it would be aheer nonsense to express the fact that a man owes himulf. The person competent to con- struct a system of philosophy on such a basis, would be able to show how a man might lift himself by his own boot-straps, or get rich by taking money from one pocket and putting it in the other. The fact clearly stated is, that the books represent " the eonctrn, and not the proprietor, and the account opened with "Stock" is precisely "the same as that opened with -any other person, except, that iha final lettlement with Stock will not take place until the business ceases, or he withdraws from it. If Stock account, then, shows an excess of credits, "it is as much a liability as Peter Cooper's account, and must eventually be canceled by pay> nlent as welL To make this still more plain, let us see in what light Stock himself views it. Suppose the investment in this enterprise is only one among many which he has made. Snp- {>ose he has, also, a mill, wherein he has invested $10,000; and a tannery where he has in- vested $15,000. How will he keep an account with these three distinct concerns in his private books? According to the principles of accounts, he will charge the mill, the tannery, and the store, each with its cost, or the^amount invested in it. He does this upon the principle of holding these concerns responsible for such investment, and upon die full expectation that they will eventually pay him what they thus owe. Our reasons for crediting Stock on the books^ If there be still any doubt as to the correctness of this position, let us dissipate it, at once, by analyzing the second entry in the preceding series of transactions. The first entry, accord- ing to our theory, gave us a resource in cash of $5000, and a liability to Stock of the same , amourt. The second entry, which we propose now to oonside^ created a new liability to Peter Cooper of $500, but, at the same time, reduced the formei* liability to Stock in the Sameamount; so that the relative position of our resources and liabilities was not changed. The reason for this entry was this : Stock was owing Peter Cooper $500, which he did not •All saihon whom we h»Te consulted— and " their name is legion"— agree that " ^took," as a Ledger iitle^ repreaenU the proprietor, or as some few elegantly eipress it, " the ountr m Stock, the same necessity must exist, with equal foroc^ through aU the subsequent entries. The mwe this pMtion is studied, the more apparent will be its truthiUnesa. ^ ^ ^~ "ss : . ■ • * ^ ^ yfM^i^ ' •"-Ws!fW»^WfT^' EXEJJOISES FOR THE learner! «»ro to poy from hia private flinds. lie rtsaMom thus : I have^SOOO which I can invest in thit business, but I also owe Peter Cooper |500, which is not yet due. Now I will Invest thin capital upon the condition that this liability be paid by lh« concern vhen it matures. The concern accepts this proposition, and Arst orediU Stocit with his investment, and next debits him with the amount attumed for him. The liability to Peter Cooper is now transferred from Stoclt's private boolcs to those of this concern, and the, concern's Uubility to Stock is decreased to the extent of the new liability thus assumed. EXERCISES FOR THE LEARNER. FIRST SERIES; It is hoped that the preceding exercises in their fullpess of explanation and illustration will/ enable the student to carry successfully through a series of transactions embracing the samel' general principles. The following memoranda will comprise a month's business, and the stuJ dent is required to write up^l*orefrom all the books represented in the preceding series. Thi form and arrangement of thi books he will of course gather from the examples given ; and ne will find no point of difficulty which has not been fully discussed in connection with Sot I. These exercises will require him to study well the form of expression in tho Day Book, and the principles which govern the Journal, and will afford an excellent test of his proficiency iii what he has passed over. The great objection to be urged against published text books in thii science is, that too little is left for the taind of the student There is a wide difference bJ tween copying the forms in Accounts and originating them; and hence we have followed eaeh wemplified set of boolpsf with a series of transactions embracing the same principles— which tie student is rehired to put in proper form in the various books— and giving the remit of i« entries which he is required to produce. If we are not greaUy mistaken, thU will be tvund the most usefiil portion of the work, and should, under no circumstances, be omitted. .-■•,■'•■■ " ■ ^ ■.■■■:■'■ 'Memostmda. 4«n. Ist, Commenced business with a cash capital of $6000. 2d, Bo't of E. R. Feltoil, for 3a«^ 100 bbls. Flour, ® $8. 8d, Sold W. E. Crocker on %, 20 bbls. Flour, ® 18.50. 4th, Bol on our note, @ 80 days, of C. S. SiU, 20 pieces Calico, « 13 ; 10 do. figwred Silks, @ W. &tn. Sold E: C. Packard, for cash, 30 bbls. Flour, 3 #8.26. ttth. Paid cash for set c' »J.«ks for use of store, $16. 7th, Bo't of K P. Selmser, for cash, 200 bbls. Genewe Flour, ® $9 • PM*i Drayage on same, in cash, $3. 10th, Sold Hiram A Pryor on hlB note @ 30 days. 100 bbla. Genesee Flour, @ $9.60. 12th, Sold W. H. Oark, for cash, 10 pieces CWioo, @ $3 75 .fttB, Paid Cash for repairing store, $15. 16th, Bo't of J. D. Williams, on %, 50 pieces rrr" o^t^ t S'™">^'^ ^' ^- ^P*""*'' «" *• 26 Piece. Memmac Prints. * $5.36 20th, Sold R. W. Hoadley, for cash, 50 bbls. Genesee Flour, @ $9.50. 21st, Re- r*!I i>^ ;j" ?'!* "*" ^- ^ /^''«''« *• 22d, Paid J. D. Williams Cash on *, $100. 25th, Paid Clerk h.re in foil to Feb. 1, $50. 27th, Sold E. fi. Rockwell, on *, 50 bbls. Qeucsee Flour, O $10. 29th, Received Cash on % of E. B. Rockwell, $250. 31st. Paid Store rent, in cash, $100. \ u«i^ xmu t^ a?^^.,-'ijhA ^< «^^ M ^ . . , ^^ ,f^ *5v„^ / EXERCISES FOR THE LEARNER \ INVENTORY* Mdte. remaining untold Jan. 3Ut. SObbk Flour, .... . @ 110 . , . . |S00 10 pieces Cttlipo, . ....93... SO ^ 25 do ^ Merrimso' Prinu. .9 6 . ; . 125 10 do figured Silks, . . 9 «... 90 If these accounts are properly ;l»pt, the first TriJ Balance and the Balance Account will .each represent the following statement: 7180 «00S 180 950 100 170 1.33 75 500 75 12216 Firat Trial Bidanoe. .' . Stock ... . . . . . . Oish . . . . . "\ . . Merchandise . r-*. . . . Bills Payable ... . . Expense . ... . . . Bills Receivable . . . . . J. D. Williams . . . . . W. E. Crocker ... . . . R. C. Spencer . . . . . £. B. Rockwell . . . 6000 2883 . 2513 150 76 . 250 170 • ■ 250« 75 12216 ■ " ■ 4 [. 4 Resourtet Cash . \. . Merchandise . . Bills Receivable . R. C. Spencer £. B. Rockwell . / ^ Balance ^ooonnt. e, . 4297 745 950 133 75 250 1 75 6379 ' ' 1 Lia^ilitiu. BUlsPavable . . J. D. Williams . Stock . -. . . . * n* stadent will pleaaeiiotrtain IT tblfc is ed . ^ .--— - s .. 150 1.50 6075 76 : 6376 75 1 ■v»-if i -If"-,.- -r QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW. QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW.- Account will CfLOSmo THK LEDQEB, 1. What li the ehlof difficulty with leantera In cloalngth* Ledger t 1 What to the effect of ."doaiiig op" en account T S. ]I>w lea Jt'tal account cloaed when the atdetf are equal T 4. How, when nneqaait S. How ii a /f^rro|>ri«tor'a IntereatT 7. Why to 0>Ut 8 How can We at any time aacerUin tlie pmpriotor'i interest T 9. What is the ufual method of carrying gain* and loasee to Stock account T la What Is the advantage of opening a " Loss and Gain" acoountt 11. To Which side of Stoek afeount are gidns carrittd, and how do th«>y afftm^fi j^s'-i^'fr-^^-inpiy ,^^ ^ 1 0j <. f-: 1 ' • % ■\ . . ', % w • • • t . - ' ; : ■■ . . . t / , r . » , ■ ■ ■ ^ --^ -■(V -. , -SET II. V ■' » <^i I DAY-BOOK, J U R N A L , L ED G E U , GASH-BOOK, BILL-BOOK V [Gontirmation of Set I.'\ • ■ * • ' ^ -. " ' ■ ■ " - .. * BUSINESS PROSPETTOUS. .- i ,'■. V . < .*• ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ^ . • ■' ■■ ■ .-■'■ "'-^ ,' . ». ■ - /f- ■■ f » ■ ' ' . ■ '>^" * y. ). V ". .■-_"■■/ /'' '« ^ - ■ • ^ . ,^- " . . ■. \ ^ ---^"i ■ • ' . ^r A . \. ':i'^"' •.. . -■ '.. yL ■ •i-' . • ' '' • . -. ,..■ ■ •» * 1 » * ' 1 ' ^it- » -s i^^' ■ • ■ ■ ^ ^,ir V • et- V , DAY-BOOK,~SET II. NEW YOBK, FEBBUABY 1. J850. The following R««oiirc«i |tnd LlabiHtle. with which we commonce butl- ne« thia day, «re talven from the Balonoe Aooount of II. B. Brytnt't I^er ^• Cash In hand . . . Note* on hand . , Murchandiae per Inventory E. G. Foisom owca on ^ II. D. StrattoQ owes on % . kttourctt. • • • • •4421) TfiT 67 50 I3:)3 fiO IIROO 2U 00 LiabititUt. Balance due J D.Comstock' ....... 9« 00 U. B. Bryant's net Qipital 5056 7ft • « • < 4624 75 ' 15055 76 ^»V ■■:::':::::: : : ; '.I::,™ •••••«.. V Received Oaah of H. D. Stratton, in full of % ' --7—^ —- — — 8 : .:, Bought of Ivison and Phinney, "' 150 Seta Spcnocrian Writiiur Books /a -tr-- •>.« .r.25 . . J . ^ '- /-T '.••••,•• ^ ^- • . . . . . . r , ~ ^ •^-— —- ' ■ \ 8«ldJ,H.G|()ld8tnith,f(^Ca8h,\ ^ 42 50 20 212 ,.■ A 500 66 S!ffc"*".S*'"e.S«'^ .• - • . . ® 850. 25 do BiVant and ' 5 Reams Letter Pa 1 Bos. GtAd Pens Syatton^ Book-keeping . . @ $1.12 . 28 (M) • • \ . . . . @ $1.60 . 18 00 ^3 6020 . / > ■ * 44 »i I '^'g^T"^- >'_% ^[•^■T'^iaV''?^'^* "W^V^' V""!^ ,V* { ■ ■ '■'■- jf .' ■ DAY-BOOK,— SET 11. NEW YORK, FBBHUARY 10. 1800. Amount brought Forw»r(l »'..,... • «MMI Sfi " / BoHffht of Wm. B..Astor, Stqte and Fixtures, at V I PuicThini, Gwh . „> /: Bond and Mortgage for balance '—■-./• -- ••-•■ - ^- - -^-^ \% Sold JJT. Calktm, on Iila note % 30 dajra, 60 yds. Broadcloth . »••>••• *>.': lOOOO . . 11000 jooo-^iq^i . >; 14 ^ . 4(14 . . . i J Jl Bought of 8. 8. Guthrie, Buflklo, on our acceptance at 60 days AtoiToL ./' A. M.C18JPP, *^ ' 'i V ; 200 Bbla. Flour . . . « 18 . . . 300 1600 16 / 1 Sold D. L. Wing, Albnny, for Cash, / ' 60 Bbli Flour ...... :/' . <9 18.!^ . . 16 . ^/ j Paid Drayman's Charges In Ml to. date .......... Jl I -. ., , _____ . ' ..• ■' 'I l_ , -_- ._.__^ ^^ , ,. _| /I H. B. Bryant has made the following additional Investment of TIa^: y/' 1 -sources hequeatht'd him by a deoea»ed Sincle, j, I 60 Shares Union Bnnic Stock valued at $105 ..... $6360 Oflj ; Cosh deposited in Union Bonk . ,. . JOOOOOJ; 419 Sc 8 6260 ^^ ■ Sold for Cash to B. McGann, 20 Shares Onion Bank Stock 00 y«l«- Black French Cloth . . . . . . . @ |5.75 ... f 57^ \\ \ V j Received in Payment, Cash |i200 1 , Balance 01%. . . . . . . ..... ... 876— I67S X 1 \ \ 35 II /• 1 \y j Paid for repairing store, per order on E. G. Fplsom . . . . . ^, m V-\i- ■": :;"■" — :'--- -■ • 9T --^■— ---— - ■.■..-. i . I \ \f]\ Bw'cl Gtoih foF 5 per oent, dividend on 80 Shares UyW Bank Stodi H isd VxtX-- li-.-----:-^-:-- as ._.:-_..__:L..-^.__ :.......: ii . i A V Paid Cle.A's Salary to date. ............. isd' V I PaW^twwRenttodate. .. .... •_• • ._.j.^. . 10(»! 15arefttl attention will B^ka the st«4ant auOdently acquainted with their ebametariitfee. ■ : ■■ " ■ 40 ■ ■'■:■■■. . .; ■■ ■■ :. . A J0U11NAL,~SET IL NEW YOUK, FEBUUAUY 10, letSO. /v. nr. Amount broi)'Kht Kurwurd . . . 10 -~ • -V- ■'■ ouaai sa I ooaa 36 RMklEirttt* Bilk lUwivtbU Dr. Tofliimlrle* >, To I'lwli " Mort({iig«9 I'u^ablo* . . 19 Dr. Tu MurohandiM . . , . 14 Me liM Cuh Exp«nM Ciundrios Chiun Rank Stock L'jiiuu Buiik . . "'• •••... - To Uilli Payable . . . . Dr. . . • • • e^ • To Mtirchandiie • • ♦ • • " • « • — .4 Dr. 10000 900 1600 419 50 ! 1000 9000 800 1600 413 To Caeh , — - 18 - _ Dr. To II. B. Bryant . . . . I II 80 5950 1000 Cash Sundries CWsh . . . John W. OonU Dr. ToUnion*BuJik'S(iock .* \ — 84'--- Dr. To Merchandise. . . '. . • • • • ' • • • • • • . • . • ^« — ^ // ^. • • • • 8160 800 375 ) :i 6800 8160 675 Expense Cash Expense • • • ToEG. Foisom '. '.'.'. 7:-'-'87 -•' ^^' ,1 - • • «• • • • • • • • • , To Union Bank Stock . , ^To Cash . . 65 150 150 65 150 150 50 :8840S 75 188498 '79 • y fe r m -^ . - Mortg»g« I^ijible- is but anothor ntme for mils PnViiWe : the iceonntii iqay b« kept irparato o? togrther. ""hare adopted the former method, for the puqMwe of illuKtratiiiK the principle, and to eipreaa out prererenee. There <* a distinction between a promiimory note and a mortKKKe on rMd estate ; aod the maioriiT «< SUMnea»ipen would prefer to bate that dirtinction preaerrediu their accotiutfc vr -;w^*?f.v.,.^'Vj£^^'^i:.: f^^y^J Dr." IUf( / LEDGEH,-^ET IL B. Bryant. i I mi "1 "] II HanilrtM Cr. 1 4«M 1 UM tl li /- I * lIWi Oaslx. I l" 44m{ fd'' /S? i' By Kill*. I 1,1 Ml!"! 1(| KmI k*uu Btnttoa I I' M^ - |i EiiN.mi« ., , St""" !|q^ , ! I . " ' \i Uuiun DMk Stock ill ImI M f ,'; J took 1 1 IM ; I '•^''^ I I I, I I I Qhr. Ak«i.< ll ToHnndrlM " I Tj BUI* I'ayabU Bhr. Billo Iteoeivn^blo. ■ II lOWO- II • i: ^ "II 1 V," «v ' -^>. .. .. J •I I d7 •I MO I MO #: l^eroliauxdise. I tJ li Bnu R«c«lvkbk CMh , H BttodriM 1 1 1 \* Bhr.. M4l I To SimdriM Bhr. ' ><44 l! To Snndrlw a ^. ^. Stratton. .-v iif-4^ lai^c-.. « 1^ M a %m •• 4t«; N Cr. ' 1 1 : «i ii4 i:! "3 «' ^yM«iM. *» IK i M •-'■ ■ M BU^ r»ayafclo. il /Ml.' li BySoadriM Cr. n lu liM i;i 7l BilU RMaiTabb I H! eoo 14 MdM^ , w, I il iMM I - I 1 1 48 Cr. 4M4 MM «r. 1 IMI BO too; 418! 60 •7« Cr. (tf. ^^ Pr. LEUGEll,-SET II. •J. X5. Oomstoolc. Cff. IHt IM«| >Mw 1 Bjr HMdrtw . S. Packard. To n ^-'-t fif t IN Cf. filr. r Mor tgage I^ayable, «r. mr. laso II Union Banle. Cr. ToE.KBijt^ 1000 Bhr. -iwr /Mb ^glux ■yyr. g-antss. Cr. 'l^MdM m 40 -1 ■■J. ' jf^:- • ft^^^i.^7^^ I ■r. GENERAlL STATEMENT,— SET IL GENERAL STATEMENT. I w In the prooeding Ledger (Set II.,) we have the cnrrent oondition of H. B. Bryant's bualneM on the 28th of Fubrualt^, aa far as that oondition «an be shown by the Ledger, without ehiing tk* aeeounU. Thii' part of the labor we leave for the student ; but shall giya, in this eonneo- tion« a statement which will afford him efficient ali. It is essential that the principles of this statement, as also the peculiar form and method of raforcing theae piiticiples, be clearly com prehended, as herein lies the key to niuch that at first seems mysterious an^, 1°^™?'^ hensible. It will be seen that this statement 'differs from the previous one (Set L,) only in form and arrangement. ^- ~ , | - ^, DtfitiHciM. ^}^ue» of Ltigtr. «290 {75 757 50 1845 |50 83 10000 I 1 320 I 3i»40 J 1000 , 875 I SX480 i75 S8493 1*^5 7495 757 3208 20 115 52 llOOOO ■! .280 5^.50 'I 1000 I 375 75 50 50 Tklal Balance. H B.Bryant . .. ... '^iash . . . > • . ... Bills Receivable MerchandiM . . . . . H. D. Stratton . ... £. 6. Folsom . , . . . Bills Payable . . ...'. . J. D. Comstook .... S.S. Packard Ivison 61 Phihney . . . . Dawson, Warren 6t Hyde . Real Estate Mortgage Payable . . . Expense , ■ ', , . , , . Union Bonk Stock . . . Union Bank '^ John W. Gants HquilUnum . . . . . tiu$p/lt4fir. 175 10874 1205 1363 20 i tl5 50 50 8335 I'. ®* I 112 i 02 I ■ ■ ■ . [9000 2310 |^i8498 fr5 JHfti 10874 75" 8335 96 112 60 62 (60 ;[900U ii 11 ,23480 i7r Inventory of tTnioId Property. f 140 yds. English Broadcloth , , 9 $3.00 . 200 do Domn' 2118 8100 1112000 .■: * J^siiS-^^^^iiSSit^iJi' '— ;W \ GENERAL 8TATBMENT»-^SET 11. autament of Lomms and Oalns.— B«prM«iiUflv« Aooonata, MiRORAirsin, Promitfnm —Ut . , « . . Itsa 00 rmlu$t/thtUimioU(ftrTntotei) >»$ Tfiml rromdt . ,. , . . . MM 00 OotI . . . . . . . . . . tm to • « ( . , , , , , _J[(||0 ■ AX Ojin , . . . ... seta 278 50 i ■ 8000 I 84^.150 8488 60 St&tommit^ B«MiipoM and LlaUUti0a.^Beal Ajoooanta ^ IkivwitdriM I ItLDromfitvenioriti of Vium Property. jMmcBAHDm . .^. . . . . . , . . . . . Unioii Bane Stock ^. ... KKALEaTAti ... .^ ....;..., . 3118 • 8100 18000 Cau, 3d. From Ltdger Ateountt. • • • • . T49S 78 II JMmmi ..... 180S 00 li J«l«iM* on A«fMl ffWW |i e800 |75 ;: 757 180 BnuBidiTABui, JVWMi«M " f*i» ....... IMll 80 61 58 1000 875 8835 ■/ 96 I 118 50 68 50 9000 _ 'J18087 85. [85 85698 85 \ .__- 1 JS'^iAi'ji^'ii^ . .»OT-,' .f EXERCISES F0K TilE LEABNER-2b SERIES. The theory enforced by the preceding " General Statement," ia one that muat perpetually govern the record of bueineaa tranaaotiona, and one that will aflbid ample bada ibr explanation to thoae not thoroughly familiar with the loienoe of Double Entry. It ia, aimply, that all gaint or lotut in tmnnttt art niittantiaUd Ay A* actual inermut or dtenaM of tut rttoureei. Aa aimple aa thia propoaithxi may appear, it will requira not a lltUa well-directed mental eflbrt to, comprehend It in all ita apedal relatiool and applioationa. The atudent i|i now required to ** Qoae up" the Ledger aocoiding to hiatrootlooa In Sat L V EXERCISES FOR THE LEARNER. • SECOND SERIES. - Feb. lat, Commenced buaineaa with thh Reaoonea and LiabUidea. aholni In Balanea account. Ledger A» Sdd John D. Hindeon %, 60 bbla. Flour, « 111. Bo't of John Gundry for caah, 200 soolca Coffee, 18,000 Iba. ^ 9 a 2d, Accepted J. D. Williama' Draft ,*. Stnttod, iloMmU fouMtii . BMSia.Padtmd .i.. . " Union Bank Stock, BMAJfeOmm^ " Mdsfc, . e • • o •• Mdse.. BMJ, WiOmmia '■- Uniiin'Bank Stock, JMifirJHmimd • ' • - a 'o' -« To Balance. : _«» I^rmiM% • • • • • • 4429 75 90 20 m fc - 108 Vk 414 * 216ff 50 ■ 1 i 1 200 II 1 l&O ■ II 7466 ■ ii'74d5 .. 1 6290 . r 75 N Bill Bppk. /VvMMorJTabr. itWkmntor. nr What JUfd. t II Wkwftt^ V* 1 iMoOtuL a&F«wkHd. B.B.Bf7tnt InrttimMt OorOflot. ■1 - - 4 i aB.BiyMit DigbyV.Bdl. do do Aeeommodafii. do do ^,1 H.&6iToat J.T (Mklu. do do do do - '/■ , r» Bill Book. t .' 1 AwMrarJBMlwwf. Drmm-trJbktr. A irxoM.^. JI^WkatOiMm. irak/^rti •Ij J«. '•I Vrui^ALoatnL ' B.B.Bi]rMt r.diLoatnl Coltegol^ tj « -uj BqithACo. do do MthACo. do do do 1 TOj Peter Cooper. do do W.aBeibo. ToBdaneefl. do do^ 4, Vtk, tI Wgfcy V.Ben. do do Digl^-y.BA Aecpofaodot'o. do do it - w'l a & OathrliL do do A.ILCI.PP. do do 54 *> ■»••..• ■ r SET JI. V- •i- . " .■-■'■■#"■ Tlia BUI BoohdiQuId never b« omitted In Miy buslnon de«Iing« with notea, either payabia or receivable; and eapeoialljr ia it Importiuifrto liecp a record of the amount^ condition of notea payable^ ' < ' " * Jt ^ilHSe Men that the entriea made in thcae auxlliariea are'^thken^om thv tl^uuMtiona of Set IL, and iMnce the caah^on hand, notea on hand, anduotca oi«i8tttnding,aa'here>Eiuwn, will be found to" agree with the balance ahown in thia proper Ledger aooounta, , » The IbrmAwbinitted are thoae in getaeral uae, and are aufficiently augge^tiY*. '*' H J ByMdae., . . » . B ,■ \ \ r ... . . . ^ • X » I . '7*'. K ^^«5 7& r«w >i 1851 rail. 7 Md'a »0 4> ,;!■ 15m; A.| H Jhr^ V *•!,-«*•; *?-; 4w; y m\ JH; W' _ l' diipoHdl^. : • I ^ J U| tOjd'sJ 1M»[ 1 I ft \!:-! •I ' 'i .67.64(1^ j ,;• u ■ '• ■ I ) I . I. K .100'! ...1 -1 Fajrable. <; D*k. '! ■ „ Jl WhmDm. sr rJ.' m^ '' J J n..' jta-.m' W V W jJ jJ'^ ,^^, .. :'^m'M,ll- •r' dm' Mm' Bm" ISSlI Jan. ismI «•' '9i| Md**.!! IMOJ I U^ 40 '> I !/ I' \66 tt ■'' r ■ 1; 1600 li v. [■ 1 ■ 600 !"''»'>•.■! '- , ■"/>■ »^ ■'V:-' '-• 'if '; ■-.J! , ;ll*-1».'E»%f !^'- QUESTIOKB FOR BEVIEW. UUESTIOKS FOR REVIEW, — SET H. Iv tb« prerioM qnJSou iMd«r thb hMd. w* Im^ rafamd. by mmlMr, to tktmrilkn aamff in th« pMoadlag ranivk*. W« duU hamfUr Mefir* to ^m ■tada^t tho minntaft oT frudng hit own »atwm% tittdBg, howaTer. to aak no qaaMioni upon wkUk InatmctloM Uto not Imm ^rortouly given. 1, Where ue the ReM>urcee ud LiabUltlw ahown at tbe oommeiManantor Set IL obt^lnedT 1 Cte Gains and Loaaae Im ahown at the oonunenoamaoi ot bnatnaaf t t. Why not t 4. What haa beooma of the gain ahown to haT* beui realiaad in the month of Jannwyt «. How doaa the totewat of the proprietor at the eoamianoeinentof SetlLvaryfrodi hiahita^attheeaeuMMMgNatorBetLt •. Whathf»«flMtedthU differenoet ». When U it proper to inereMe the eredtt siiUor Btoekaeoonntf «. Whan the de!Ut aide T ». Istheterm-Sundriee-uMdaaaLadgarlaeooantr 10. Ferirhat pomao la U naad ? U. fiowwiUiU eonvenience bo moat apparent T IJ. Howl many Unda ef Joamal enlHea at* then, and what an they t II. What la meant by the term "Mortga^ Pnyabler 14. What Is the dUTerenoe in tjtKt between • Mortgage Fkyable and • BtU PayableT lA. U Oar* anydUHroneat It. How may Ledger aooonnta art opened hi 8ef ILt 17. How many of thJi am eanealadf It. Whlah of theeo Udgw aoooonU exhibit Reeouroeet 19. Whioh LUbillttee t ta Whloh OnhMt |1. Whleh Loaa«it SI What ia th# dlaUnction between thii aeeount* of "Union Bank,-a|»d - Vaioa Bank Stookr tH What wtU bo the fli^^p in eaoertakringthagahiolrloeafaiMerehandlakaMonntt 14. If tho im« eert of merohaidiae eioeedrfthe Tidne of merehandiae nnaold. wiU the aoooont ihov n ^n or n /om/ M. Why do yoo onfry tho valne of ^ merehaiidiM nnaold to tho crtdU of the |lerohandlae aeooontt !«. Why main the entry in rod IntcT 17. Can yon giw a rule for the nee of fed Ink entHeo In the Ledger t M. In tranaferring a red Ink ^ntry to another aeooont why do yon alwaya oariyltho amoont to the <|i|NMa« eide of the new aoeoont t 89 What Ledgw aoooont in Set II. oorreeponda with lltoekneooant in Set Lt M. What doee tt a BryantTa aooonut repreeent. aa it atands On the Ledger t 81.|How mnefa doee It Ul to ahow hla faitereet in the boaineea oit tho 28th February » 82. Where will yoo get tiM amonnU which will make np the dUbronoe T 81. la it neeee^rr that a « Loea and Onkn" aooonht ahonld U openedt S4. If Ml opened, to what Moonnt wonld it be propw tocarrythaloeaeeaadgahiaattheeloeeolbnaUeear M. What advantagee aro gafaied by opening n - Loea and Oain-aocountV ««. la it neoeeeary to open • Balanoo •oooontt »7. If n BaUnce aeooont la not opened, how can the reeonrcee and Uabilltlee be repreeented on tho Ledger t S8. la It enetomary hi bnahiaaa to o^n n Balance aeooontt SB. What U the (W^y of tho -Oenernl Statement- aa glrenhi Set aT 40. What are the anxlllaiy hooka giTen to oiwiliMon with thiaoitT 41. For what pnrpoee I. the Caah Book w"" °°'"^" •• »»^ C-fc a*k •>«M? 41. With whntmut thediffcreneo to theeidef agnet 44. WhatiethoadTantageofthednUyteetT 41. For what pvpoae to tho BUI Book need T 4«. What to thoparacntoreonTenlenoeof tttoBUlBookt* 47. With what aeooont to the Ledger will tho nneanoatod notee to tho BUI Book BeeeiTabto igroa r 48. In the BUI Book RiyaUo t -^^ • Tb.Bm»«*ila««.N»«i,,,ta«ilMi«a«**iaiiFairaMehe«epert,aa4 aifctwilrtW, toUit rtl»^^^ M- '. #" J 'W IWHf intiM ■J. V >« SET III, »<^. I i T i ^-DAY-BOOK, JOtJRl^AL, COMMISSION SALES BOOK, AfcCOUNTS SALES. , IGmtinuati&n of Sa JI^ ' 'r fiusiiNEss adveuse; -f^-«- -/.. !^^^£i^^5"^^^»^^-^|-f-^«^-h*! ■.^^ ' .^^1«. - "-.^i^l'V^r"?^,'-'; ,"\ ' V^^*»^^TjP^>F^3™-W' *1'%'l^ 'J^ '\' V VI DAT-BbOK,-SET III I NEW YORK, MABOH 1, 1850. The IbHowIng B«wuro^ and tUbilitiM «• flyim H. B. tirytnt't L«l|gJ & TiMbinliMw to bvcooUniMd under hbnuQ^ , ^ BiniReoelwbI%iiot«onlittd . . . . . . . . . . 757 o. 8. Paokard oww on « ... . - m lInioaBa«k..„,auntoad.po.l» :■. ll ; i i i ] ,[ . iZw ']■'"'.'. ■■ ■■ . LiahilitUt.*' BUI4 PajabK oaMandIng tiotea J. D. Comatook, bilanoa cIm him iTiaoQ 4i PBiniMj ** « them Da^won.Warren_4i%d^UlwioadJeUiom ! : .* i .* .' Mor . . . ^00-166 ao| 100 156 '' BeoeiTed Guh for rent of offioea In aeooiid atorr • • • • _L_i- ''f' 600' 60 ' •^ l.S8a48|l« I-. bil**?^±2t^^ Ml. <«M t ltd w e i^t rf ifc, HtoS. or tt B. B»yiet', S it 58 w •*.- '> 741 fa 50 DAY-I^K,-SET Hi. NBW YOBK, Ii1AJ(6r 4, 1800. V > , Ateount brought Fcnpwatd :— *- .-. • .. - — ■ .^ju 4 Paid J. D. Oouutooli Ouh, in AtU of/ •• •'• «.• • « * • I • •- JEk^Id Wm. It. CrookM^ ■ Cbiaed J. R^healer 8i Cb.*a Ooiudgnman^ and r«od«r«d them an Ao-[| , oeunt^SalM of tfa» a^ine. !l OurohAnteeforStOFMeand AdverUalng, -, X , , . , | 25 0O' aSalea, . . . . . •,.,\. . * . 300 00 i I /I w 11900: ^ OurflonMnlaalon on aUea, . . . . . ^..A. . » * 800 J.K Wheeler diC(vVn«tprooeeda . . ■, , V^ , , 11575 iBhIppfld p^ f tewner Swiftaort, and Conaigned to€bbb dtW New Haven, I ' t ' / to be aold on our ^ and riak, < ."' ^[i ' lOOlibla. Flour from Store, vflued at 89 . .^ _ 800 buah. Com, (M. B. 8.'a Con^ment) 9 80a . , Paid Gaah for Inaunnoe— premium and pokcjr i • * •'- 9 i 900 00 640 00 ; ■8-70}| 1548 70 7|PaldD»w«)ii,WarwadiHjdaOMhtobalaopajj . ;... . . . j 62 /[9eoelTedG*ahofaS.piiuttdtofliUof jij . . , . . ^ . . . .i naJ 50 ,/ Sold dharlea Claghorfi," for Guh, 9!000 buah. Oata, (M. a S.'a Coodgnment) 9 750. ... 150000 500 bnah. Whairt, do^ do 9 8150 . . 750 00 ' i Qoaed IC-B. 8eott*a Ooodgnment^ and rendarad him an Aoooiint 'Salea of / j the aameh - > ' ,, V p«»5h«I«fcr8tonigaaiid Adwtlaing ,' . . . ; . 40 001' OurCommWononaalea . . . . . . ... , / 72 26 I M. B. Swtt'anat'prooMda, remitted b oaah . . . . . ' 8602 75 80 * . " i i .§ tawni fc ^ A V V y DAT BOOK, SETni. NEW YOHK, MAROH 10, 1800. ' Amouat brought fonrtpi » -• -^ •■ — '.lO 4 ' . ■ ■ , , , „ i. . BMalredOMhor Jno. W. OabtSilnAilIorjt. ## .1 • • • • 70M7 Wli •0 Tba ttMmur on whkh w* ihippcd gooda to Sheldon tt Co.; Albvir. wm wnk by ooliiaion, and our k 4v.. /■ DAY BOOK,— SET III. N£^ YORK. MARCH 00, 1600. Amount brought fb^gptd • • • «•••'• • • y Bold John R. Penn, (br oMh, 78906 48 / Sold for CmIl to E. IT. n^ndor, Albany, ^ 80 akMwUni«i Bulk Stoolia 1100 . ... , y y 600 bbla Extra '8up«rfine Flour, (C 8. D. di Co.'a Conalgnmmt) • |» || 4600 98 Paid our Note In CMh, Ikvor of Smith di Ci»., du« Feb. 90 . 1000 00 Intenwt due on muu« to dnt* ......./... ft gg Paid Ckah for It- our Not* of th« 14th ult, at Ihm montha; fliTor of A. M. V i y CUpo, F*o« of Noto .......*.,.. k Gaah paid J6fl5 57 DlaouuBtoffto July 18 . ^^ 8443 1600 00 Sold il. n. Goldwnlth, for Ckah 600 bbla. Supertina Flour, (C 8. D. di Co.'a Conaipiment) (9 |8 60 '. Aooepted J. R Wheeler dt Co/a Draft on ua M) 110000 JBhlpmaot to Albany Dr. To Sundrlea «• M«rchandiM •• Gteh . • . . . I "BhlpMwrttAARiuT'iiaMWMNMnt.iMMMdtormMMiitapwtlmlar ■ni«rurlM, and althmiiili It rdaUa tg OMroluuKlUa, It la dlatlaot from tha BMrcbaiHllM in »ton, ami la slTaa thU aaw aaoM to mark that dlatlnoUoo. It la aa th|ircacnU tha proptrif ot that Arm. wUeb wa ra- eaWa. aa roiuiula«|ua merchanU, to aalL InataMl. tkarefora, of dabltloc Ilia Cuuitlgnin<>nt account with tha Talaa of tha propwtT. wa dablt It ooIt Irith what It haa coat ua. «~ r- *. j \ -irv fi3 100 1 1 1 TiO 1 1 . 1 1 1 n 100 Dr. To MercUndlM* o • a Bnndriea lyison 4i Phinney paali .... ! iTlna A Fhlnaay'a draft oa ^wa tham, and for which thay atand eiwirtad on A«r {r pa y tha draft, wo mdal, of eouraa^ debit theo, wl Ha la ilmplT thair order ¥ Dr. . . . To BmI Batata M #' \ I • UI5 (M 119 WO m 1 10 #^- V"t S9 00 s« so 00 » V JOUIlNAL,-SET UL s NEW YOmK. MABO& 4. 1«00. /„, O I I Ij D. Gomaioak A«ou«lb«a,MForw«d. . . .... ^ft »W48 tS -U.-., ptila R«»lv»bt« M. B. Soott's Con- ) ■ignmwt I • • •* • • .„>,. , • « • • [nmant . , , . ) 4000 w 4S0^J| Dr. Toj.R.'wh;ri.;'.*c.;;v' ''*~ J. R Wheeler &Co.*t Conaignment hMlar't Co» ) ,1/ •"giu?*** . . . . .f j ,—.._*' _. . ' ■ . . ( Dr. ToSmdrlM. ..... ||isoo To€toram and Advartialng i| " ComnHaalon. . , . , - J. R. WhMlef d> Co. . if Th« •ntry alxtT* la aiMk fcr I|m parnoM of ••hlUtlim m our book* tha Ml MMHint owinc to J. R. Whealar i Uol. m tb* N«i)t at oar biuloMa mui tb«D ao hr: uid M thair ConalirnnMai aeoouat waa Mad to show «ia heU oonnaotad «rlth tha aiUa ot UwU proparty. wa eaa Meart4Miai gh||dlftr.doa Utwaaa tha aldaa af that aocmnt. wbaa iU aollra WHI n>n>oaaro|>ari*abowa:UtUaflaaa.|llB7S. Tha affaol of thbaa. iiui wZ! " rf J It y it riurp!!!'**** """^^ "^^ "^ '•• '*^'* •• *•" 176 17500 { too ^1675 jSUpment to Naw lUrm Dr. To Sundriea . K ^, To Merohandlaa a • I I Dawaon, Wamn ) CbA CM ** M. B. Soott'aCooalgnment " Gaah . , , . . . . Dr. Dr. Dr. • ••••■ f ToOMh . ... ■ariap- • »i' • • • • ■"• " To S. 8. Paekard . . . li . • 1 t • ♦ I To M. B. Boott'a Conalgninait 1548 70 It ■ 'i ■ 'i' I ' « BO f 68 9260 900 640 6 no t 03 |60 6S || If.&Qoott'aCon^mentDr. To Sundriea. . . . . , ti vjik . , To Storage and Adverttaing ]| " Commiaaion. - Caah . a • • • • 8360 40 78 85 8003 i75 1 70647 ;06 70647 M / 7 " '■Ai,,' t: ■\ •' W-\^t%^..'®:»'«'-r '':-^-l -.■ !»*»-< ■ JOURNALj^ET III. NEW YORK. MARCH 10, 1860. /v. Amount brought Forward _ . 10 _ ' • ; • • • OMh Dr. • • • • • • • • ToJ.W. Outt . . . . 11 CaA v '^ To Shipin«nt to Albany . . SUfiaiM to Albny U trMlM prtohil^ m aay proiierty or iwpNwntatlr* •MiHUt[JuiTli« bam debttad with lU otwt, wa now erMU It with Its pr» OMdik Ika dl&NOM Will ba^ in thte OMi^ our kM4 1-0647 arrs '150{r 95 Or. 70647 le GooatffunMt J "*' •.•••.."'•.. i ToCuh . . i . . . . IS B. R. FeltoQ To C S. Dole & Co.'t Con- 1 ■ignoMnt ) N ■ BOkPft/ftbU BandrlM Real EiUte ExjMIIM i> . . ,. . . .... . Df ' • To Billa Baoeivabl* . , . .:._ IS — r.^-^ Dr. ToOMh .... , . . • • • 16 Prhrtt^Aeooont Dr. ........... r '"*■■'■ ToCSwih . . . . . . . ▲omrdbt to Ow prlwiiplM olroody i ipn wi iL H womM b^wop«-to MIt a & BiTUt with tliU MDOiuit, Mb* hM tewn it from tho burf. MM fcr U* «WB privaU omi " PrivaU Aeoowt," then, b •imply n nib. diTMao of a & Brjranty or Stoek Ao«oiml|rihd ihould, tTtntually, bo '-■'—' 1*10 tUa •seooat.*. To Bill* Rooeivablo . . . soo 4000 soo 150 135 500' 875 JSO Gtoli Ouh ' ^'» ••• • • . . .4 .. ToBUliRooelwblo . . . 57 300 50 77005 45 - li SOO 4000 500 875 US 600 57 800 77005 50 45 # •»)•• "ftoit t** Om propria^ of opMlng • « PHthU Ktpmw" owoant Ibr tfuMotiont of thit kiatf. Mriag H into Lew ud Gain, tha aama aa Iha ganaral Bspmita aeeoani of Uia boalnMa. It iMairaa no mat tact **. "*.?'* .'"■''? "^ ""• '••*>»«»f-M; <»««•«* •« «• propariy ao eattMi-aa. in ^ocb a aaaa. tha praaparitt or ta^^!^ ^ ""^^ "^ **»'*^ not on tha rial amonnt of jnfa er Im, bnt npon how mneh wak drawn ont Sirr**"*'«T^*' 10 mora Jnalica in dahWn»4-aafcr»«ma'drawnlVooi aoooaam by tha arfi proprialor. ttoa Ikait woald ba tor Mtma drawn by a partnar. Tha aathora who rhmaaala thia fUlaer. vanallr alra tm» rdaa fcrJo.«yW.g-both-tafclUbK''-o.afer *t ^ook.. and «Krth.r, iilHSSrant iilS'jiSt^ ■64 ' ■ ■. • ''< n ,.;..- 4. . fTTJifrTt^f ,'.1'^ T^ Or. W 80 48 JOURNALHSET HL * NfcW yORK, MARCH 18, 18B0. Jir. Amount brooght Forwud . ; . . i ^, 770081 48 ' Dr. CtA Dr. jQuh Dr. • To. SUpmMit to*N«wH«T«i| 90 • • •(! Tu CL 8. Dole & bo.'a Cm- [,1: «igiiin«nt ■ S3 • . . - . ToUpiooBkokStockv ! 28 SundriM Dr. To CkA . .'. . . . BHI.P.y.bl6 ... . . ... .... . .'. IntarMt . • " "• • • • . •• • • ... • . . !^*^!^'*'?*^ ** "^ that iialM,Ukt cadi, ogghtalwaj* to bJ MtmA »j ..^u^ -1.1. .k^ _.i— ^-1.. ^ ,j^ jj ^^ -r - "^ ~-#* -"*" ™" *""*~* *^ .«OT iTfHM Hu« wAunaqm TttllML that dURn BUt ba ■huwn tn aona olhmr aeoonat. !■ tha eaaa abora. tha ddMad aad arwUtad with tha valna Writtan npoa thma. If Qmj jrtth tha valna Writtan npoa rwdlj worth OMM* or lawthaa thia aipraa«ad n Boat ba ihuwn tn aona olhw aeoonat. In tha c^ ».,., „, „ ** ^ ^J* *''^' >>"* tha Mr(« of tha aota^ with thflBtamt d npon it, la llOMkN : and thIa U tha amoont wo wa obtind to Mr. i ordartooaaealli WtthanCBra dabUBUiaPfeyaUa wiOi th«Ua< tha nota^ and Intwaat with tha auMMot wa 1*7 far Intwoat. __ /> Billa PayiOda • Dr. ToSondrlM. . . . . . ToGwh . ... . . . •* Interot ...... K*>^.*^ ^ ■(>*•<• Nally worth Im than ita aipraMod T^na, aa - — obUnd to poy for it only $in«S.«9, which U •84.4> iMothan i. Wa hara dabit BiUa AyaUo with tha bea of tha note, ao- of 1900 4800 Spool 1000 8 ■ \ A ' ■*: 77008| 48 ■ ■ .1 ■ 19001 r • ■ --^ t 4800 - <■ 8000 I ■ I lOO&l 88 8^! itabea. »y for it only $in«S.«7, which U •84.4> leaethan ii — -— ^ debit MUaAjraUe with the face of tha note,ao. fMing to prind^ bid down, end eradit Ctah for tha amoont of -_j 1 .- _. . ..^ 'llRMranoa, that beliy the aoM Mur nota before it la dne." eaah Mid. and Intereet for the dUbrenea, that belmr the aoioant pro^ daoadbjIatMrtat, or by paying onrnoto before U la dne.* Cuk Dr. * • ' . • To a S. Dole ii Co.'8 ) ... J Consignment 1600 J, R; Wheeler & Co. Dr. ^•,» • • • • • • • To Bilk Payable .. . '. y 4250 115TP i: 1041361 28 1665 34 4250 11575 104130! 28 43 •Tha^*«eit^ esparlMNwd by taadim in aiplaioioK the debit and erwiit of lotmit ufsee most freqoently from the ftiadamantd .nor ofdeflnitioq. Webeter defloM lDt«r«.t^" l>.n.tum [cadi] paid for ih. d«> of monej." ThIa deflnition Mswen WelMter'e purpeae admirdity ; bat the McountMit who eccepU it for the purpo«e of •pplr- log any rale for Jonrwditiag, yill meet wuredly get b«faRg«I ; for ■ot.re.t U qot wb.t i. rtceiv^ oi paid for ih, '^''j^'f^^^V''^ «»^W'r A. well 'might ooe mj that lobar it what U rvoeired or paid for aerrices r*I_Sn "J"*" ™* ^totlnction plain, let the atudent h^ In mind that wboerer oiea the moDer upon which taterM la to be paid, paya/cr the vm: In other worda, pa;a for tlie interMt. When deHned in thU way, be win have no diffimlty to applying any nie or prindpla competent to disUnguidi debiu and credita. ..-' - ' ' ^ 65 ^ ^ . : ^ ■.'1 1 1 i ■ -I .'.'■i .■■11 A • • - ' -1. I 1-- JOURNAL,.-SET III. NEW YORK. MAROH 87, ISeb. ) • Brought, forwMd, . . . . , . C.S.Dole&Co/s) Dr. ^ To Sundrio. Cpiiugnnient ). " tutorage aiid AdverUain». ** CominiHion .... " as. Dole* Co. . . 104136 13450 88 104186 60 818 12081 75 2ft npablf to iKMt thfl Moounte without anistonoe of thia kind We .Lll Jh I .u. . ^ block, and the result carried to the debit aide of Stock YHB Brv.nt'.\ .»w! ♦ n r ' the re«.It f. the «»me. «ul the meSod I«^ 4K l^d« ^lZ»t. ?"f Tli* ^"* ia ^qWlly, intelligible. / ""ggMted, beaidea being more aimple and direct, • «lo.I;i^r:S.y*l^^ "Vbe i^ule &n,il,.rwith the variou. method, of ' 1. thf rZirth:::;n;7outi"s';r: i::^^fi!^ ""-^^^ «^ ^-^--^ buainWhou... «d%c«,.r.;i; J«^''.tor:or™^ " P-^*«> --'^-f'e extent . We hare IMW. awnewhat novel feature, indi<4^ in the Inrentory a. »Intereat T>«.KU the Interest acooiuit, th a aniount /*fuV .i.^..!;! u u u . ^^^ '**"• '" clOBng up ••T^ i«»„^^ n u,» T"""* V***) would be brought in. on the debit aide in red IbU To ntereat Payable," «,a carried.to the^Balance account aa a liabilltT WerltlTK. • M /V^'' ^.i; m, :X TRIAI* BALANOE—INVEKTOJIT. * . -M- lUal Balaao*. lOO 11650 11837 4500 1000 *»J 06 !i 12006 2118 SlOO 12150 S042t • 6257 63 . 976 1000 8886 06 ai2^60j! IvlMn'&Phlnnejr 001 I 848 1 40001 200 600 70 •1 62 741 12000 2890 15481 12750 ! 4000 >^ n. B. Brvant . Merduuidiae Union Bank Stock , Real EiUte. . « i:.<2Mh . . . . 60 |i Bills BooeivAble I 8. 8. Packard . ' II J, W. Ganu j> UnioD Bank . . ji^Uls Payable . . J. D.' Comatook ^ • ' • • • •, • « a • • • a « 11676 200 ",600 R2081 iii496l86i 60 |i Pawaon, Warren «i Hyde . . . . .11 Mortgage Payable ....".,. . .; I Bhipment to Albany . *■ . .. ,\ , |; J, ft. Wheeler & (Va ConaignmenV ' M. B. Scott's Conaig&nient.- . '. . 70 j; Shipment to Nev Haven ., , . > C. S. Dole dc Cp.*a Consignment; ERI-elMn : . . . . ; . 88 Interest . . i' . .... . , . Storage and advertising. ., . . Commission .- . . . , , . J. R." Wheeler A^Co. . ... Expense.' .."...... , Pnvate'Aooount 25i C. S. Dole & Co. . . .... I 85608 26 I 1848 60 : 8000 60O I 10088 60 ;• 75* (60-: I 52 I 875 I J?SJ60 1 ^62 1 60 I 9000 1, 1501 iwn a iiin 9000 188077 1 «|; 88 115 601 i 12081 26 188077 68. 60 84496195 \ * INVENTORY. Property HBttudniiig ijiucdd, Maroh 81i 'ISO sets Spoliccrian Writing Book Real Estate, valued at . ........... . '. 87 12000 60 LtftbllitlM not shown on Ledger. ktMTMt Pajrablfl. Due on Mortgage . . . . . .- . . . 84 » fi«^ iff U »■■■*---: — i MlBOHAHDin^ Unoa Bun Biook, Rui.EtTATl^ Saimnre to 4iiB4i hmnn. Stomob df Adtirtmivo, COMMIMIJ Exra BmnOSn to Niw HArn, .1 AdwmroM and LtaUutiM. 1»<. t^roperty Untold. 9^ Itdfftr Aeammtt. •ft, ^^';« rr. : : ; ; ; : . ; ■ ' ■ :.■/•■■■ BiLU RiOBITAaU, UmoiiBAirK, BiLU Patablb, MOKTOAOB Pat ABU^ iMTBBBaT PaTBU, B. R Pbltov, j H. B. BsrABT, • • • . > • ^"«m««.2Vpj* ...... J" ISMO 11887 ! 4S00 1000 . . • . —J ^'"—- MI to «i_io!f 60 « 4000 1 11578 9000 84 1^16 19 |iJB^j,lA'iJ^78[.13 --"^r^- 68 — \- .«',(■ ••- S H. B. BUrAlix'S BOOKS *(CiL6flED/^ ,. f. ^wUl \f «iutbiA to doM up thla Ledgw mth •oixMint wJiioh M« Mbibitod under the Frtm tha ibregoing itatniMiit tlw eerti&nty,juid to prod^ the reralto im bMd «r Rewuroe. and Uabmile. then A^^ llU oily dUfennoe between this end the pre^ . ceding «eU it, that the bttaineaa haa been a loaing inateal of aproaperous on^ and that, oonee. quently, the net reipuroea of the ooi^oBrn ara dlmlniahed. Mr, Bryant now propoaea to oh^uige hla buaineaa, and to take In a partner, Mr. H D Btrattoo, who ia to flimiah an equal amount of oapltd. The new ooooera wUl oommenoe with a oaah i^pitaT^d with no liablltUea. A >iew aeC of booka will be opened. Thla wUI laav* Ifr. Bryant to oloaa up hla old bualnea in l^w own booka. The Memoranda belotw are for that purpoae, and the atudent ia r«q»ired to write up the ^Jianaa^on. given, apd ;.roduoe a BalMoe Sh«et of the reault before oommencInK the next aet In «oaiilg up the buaineaa of H. B. flryant, aa per memoranda, It will, itot, of oourae, be neoeaiary to open a new Ledger, nor eyen new a etitriea below, enumerating reapuroee and litbillUea are auppoaed to be teken fK>m the laat , Balance ftoount. The aame purpoae would be eflboted by bringing the balaiieea dbwn under their propet-^aooounta, instead of tranaforring^them to the Balance Moount This method ia abown at length in(thei succeeding aet. M wmm uid fc — H. B. feyant^ Boohi Ckmtlntwd. , ' . . ■ . •'%■ ■■' ". April 1. The following^ a sutement of the Reaourcea and Liabllltiea of H.B; Bryant's privalp booka, ai taken ftom the Bdjanoe focount of hla Ledger : RnoDaoia.-'Mdae on hand, •37.60.; Real Estat^ liaoOO; Cksh, tllSST.OS: Bills Re. oelvable, $4600; Union Bank, IIOOO; E. R Felton'a indebtedness, •4060.^ LuBiUnn.— Bills Payable outstuiding, 11 1J&75; Mortgage P»ya4Jg||9000 ; hterest dueoaaaine,|84; Kryant'ane^Jn^nMommidwlB. -^ 1. Inveated in tW con $18500 Transferred Mortgage for $1M00; Intere# due on aam^ $84; reoeivJ Cash for balance, S*i?*^ \ ^'^t°^ •«»ptance fkvor of J#|j|;^heeler & Co., $1167a. . Oare In paym£t W. ft. CrookerVNote, du^ May 7, $4«M, le^^A^t off 84 dayaL«9.7S; Gash for balanwL $7104:78.1 10. Sold Jainea Atwater, Lockport, for Caah, SO setiB^iKerian Writtogr 80 centa, $40. 15. Pffi^ted in Union Bank, Caaj^ $1088.00. W^nw from U^ u4 Invested in Biyaat drBtratton'a ooBoern, $9688.00. A :/ • Tb* Meonnt frilh Vrjuttjt Mrrtien OmM be t«MM la B. B. Brrut's books lb* mmn w ut p, mat Mr. Biyut hM. ia rMlity. Ukt thla noiMy to Brjtat « Btnttoa. Bo. IbontookAoold dAit SI* H«eoom«i«0«dliin«aify'o«Bifw^»«f»*loa'oBo*lw,**IT. t Tbo noto wUeh wo hold agoiut W..B. QftwkwUrMliy worth lu hat, Iom tbofail tona.oadwi|^borMtiTodoal/linritorMdndaskM4T»jaw la tbl^trMMOetiiw. Ihonfcn, - ' "- / . ■ . W -.'^^ ■■■■ .-■.: fcrihoMmoltbaoj^ t,»t|MiyrorourMMo, ly-at: ■ .If... ; »i^a :: :V ,1V.!. II ;" "5B.V math..:. » .';' " i i-^, ■ ; '^tri, ' ■# " ■.;..-. WUm- I ^."^^^^^ot^lZ^^ J;!* J^ would h.«,d.pH.«d«.oron.ar ' .^ »»> .. I ..p. '*■■ •ALBS BiHBro AOroOHTB SALMI ^ 70 18 h » 1 >■ ■;-jjt!^^ijt^.-- : ,iarf-^ <* . 'I f 5' ACCOUNTS SALES,— SET IIL AMonat S»lM of {^{^Jt^} on 9( ud ilak of J. B. WIimUt 4 Od li«r. 5 Sold Wm. H. Crodcer, on hi* Note • aiitT dMn, " " ^ ] . 600 bbl. Flour. • 19 \ !^, . . 4M0 00 Holq w. G Brvuit, for Ouh, 6000 buJi.Wlie«t,«i^r>«lBl>lw4lDt. .-.^ 1T«[ ;' WT^B7» 800 buth. WbMt 9 II M 750 f ITiw Toaa. JKm^ ». last. Mtor" b ! ,» H. B. BRTANT, jMryWiwtA ^^'.ir*" -«*'*• -ar I f«r 51 of O. a Dolo A Co. A.) . .^ l^-'"^^ >y»r. Jr — i — jk • ♦ . ^ * V «««*. ^^ ■ . '. . «00 [ fW»«*J«Ht.a Ouir . .'^^ . . . f . «♦ S on imso ..,'....•..»< ^' ' OMa«iN&, March M 9 too I' i'.'."^ K 4 n v*j • . .**» . . . * * H. B. BRTAXr, A, ^ \ r ;<(!S»" ^'"9^* ^t^, * 71 > -'I* j ^ taMt;« ♦ li 'I f^ V VI 'I ■ •" ^ . v-i . .^^ ^ "i j5?^ -J f wwspg^ ^s*»' rv AUXILIARY BOOKS, Oommiasion Th>a Book la uwd (br the ronvenlenna of the CnmmlMtoa Mwohaat, UuU Im buj b« abl* lo Mt, at « gliuioe, Um oondiUon of aaoh CoMignmaot I >// • « \ lf«r. t ,MM MM I p^jv: Y.^KILR, " ~] I To Cash, PM nmuftn CUrgm IM | StOHAOI it AsTiBTISIlia, CoMMinioii, t|)|«i|lS0M. . . . ': MM J. il. WUULIB il Co., iV« iVMMdl .... 1880 // /// / M- »• aoott'i Mm. • JMO MM MO i' i ! I MO MM MO P*r Skamtr Jfm World. ' j iToCam, PtUnMfltimtidln*.. ij in I Stobaoi it AoTBBTisno, C0MMIMIO«, H )( ••* . • • • • Cawi, Ntt 4t 40' f> iU MV M . I .'«60il .'t» \ 1869 ir«r. la MO lOM MM ' ^ ■ •»' ■. -t! a: ■ ■ MO 1600 MM Per PnipV$ Li»». < ->< ' ToCani, PMFhItU. , . ; MO SroRAot 4 ADTSiiTniira,. - : ; M Coiilliiuio*, , On$lVIMmH% . n», C. '$. Dou it CVx, Ntt P r t m u k . . , [ —~~_ tf VJ Dm ly M im lt m Mmr. M •M W ■I 'jlMli ^U r ■■-I1 ii i iwmi ' .^-r^v„,.*k;-'i.UissirfL-^J^:il'*i*i^l;. «pT,W<'rf-^.tj5"; ^■'WfWffi', KS, SET m. Ion B«JLe« Sook. I r;- 'fv It «U* bt iMB (hat Um MtriM ^ thia Book ijorrMpood witk Uwm on Um Dty Book, mi4 Ita UM in this .eoniwoUoa -will, l( la bopwl, |iT« Um studtat a bcttar uadanUodiol of'tlM iDAtim of OoOUBkMkNI (nUMMStluBSa 1856 Ihn • , " «■■■ /^' MO WO / OoBaifBm«Bt. Bf Ba4M BmmttAnM, BMW. tr. Cn^ktr m ku ■ #'|l 00 ,, ,. , . Bf Cumt' MMXaBrf^M, ' ■ ■ , • •»«•» .... 'Itmo 1M6, ^ UM/. X' OoBftgaa«at, r^ laooo jr«r. 1 m u u *-•>— ■,. „ ■ ■ ■'-. ■ • ■ y S ■ .*» w ry , (^. i . ' g \f ■ ' ^ ^& , 1_— - . -^ By Cam,' .; \fMO.(Ugim*, ■ |i C to Ka. , . . . !||00 tv" AUMMSaOAyi^ I • to 00. . ... ||«000 BMJn*. R. i>«tM, dlVOO. . . . JMOO BMJ. H. OtUmllk, Ino i'oo6 iMOb' #% \,j^^a£ >' „- .^ 1 i - ''IK' r^'^m^, ft>- X*-- EXERCISES FOTTtuE LEAnNER.-TlIlBD SERIES. .#**•*? *%. >■ h ^ 11 ♦_ ' -i-pqencisis FOR nm uiarner. tllUtt) SERIES. \ »■■ ■ a& , \, ^.. March Irt, OnnmfncMlwlfliw.%!* tUt, TUm,tr^ uOJJmMtm m .hown in th« M,m» •«o«„t of L.,lg.r B.* W. n,^l U 8. BIK fcr OMh, 28 pSi |lerr»m«, PrlnU, 9 •ft.T.V m li*" nlLS^ll '*'' ^:^; '^"^'' •*»»-«''<»«»»"•» "< rJ-H. >00 bbU FInur. \nrolJW Shipped N. a^JWr-low, tl6T«»|Dd. to b« Md on our % and ri.k, JWO ««*. Colfe., 13,000 lb* W H 'n R "^ '":^ '^.8*'-- •#«> 5 p.id OMh fcr ln.unuw .«iM.fi^3;^..oir.!;rwt.Siin'^ 9 90 0, Wflj, dowd Pttino'. alignment, and T^'iidereAhim lPbuntSiil«a. •torage, etc.. amount to •!&. Our oommiWon, ® -ij, " pr«^>Hfti. roinitt^ in canii. «Oth, RwHtive^ .dvioe fron of Oiffoc and Wlop .hip m| him on the 4tJ| Inft Our S tSJMM, whii'h he ha. reniitted u. in ca.h. 'i I at, J. 1 1. " Our charg««' for klSW, loa^. L S. Palnc-a not W- ^lh>«l<>w, CleveUnd, of the mIi!« troooeai of the wme amount to onl/ ^. » .. .A.. V. > , . — • -•"»- •■•-«-"l»y«u«caJi to UianoeJI, $37.60. S^^i^Z* .^ "t** ^ "^ '"«" "^"^ ••'"' *•" *• '"> ««•»•. o«" -t P««*d. of , . ¥1^' *"i for whic« he ha. remitted u. hi. note (S 10 day. from Man* 17th. Re. . *lv«d oaalfof Joho J. 0.p^ in fl.ll of hi. indebtednew. 26th, CI««J oOr • with Jce^ '^"'^'!?*lk*^uP<»M««noteof lhel7ih,du.thlidar. ^^ m«wv«i^iii .*» fill «.«M cf iMf kM. wtor. a d.Slt or M*rmH ,„y cftn • erHIt of tb. mm M«»t H mS I.. -».i« . ^KH.n. »,..^i ^..d^W for .^M,^^ it will b. ...J^r >. .,t.r ^. uT^H ^^t; ^ IJ^T^l:!: TJ!^ iktj «ueel or nul, ^ . .„, vnaiu u im muiiuii, wbvikm 74 .1;^. P P M T' tt U B w •i ..» M fu P' K *<■ "W :*• % UImmm 1^ 4th, OOlbc .Sold IW Ship.' >ld on Jonca, ipa,at ^ragr oectit B mid 1.75 ; Une*a9- M lor i*feniot Mifi onl/ 17.60* J.G. lb of R«. weph •ror lay*. Ml in KODll total ■14 .v» EXER0I8E8 FOB THE LEA -."^^ T ATT "■■ ■ ■ -^-^ . ^-ites* S ItIO V 41 MIS 7IA0 ia7l8 «7 2530 8900 8740 jUMM UOO 9709 87U0 14 17ft i 41 60 Stock. . , t , M(ir('h«i ilu/blu . . Jvhn J. Cbm .... Su>raKt and AdvartWng . Onnmlwioa J«*"pfct^7 L. 8. rain«'s Cooaignmenl inUsnimt Expetua ..,.., B4IUIM Aooonnt 7419 WSS 7160 7t40 •7 1680 8000 8500 8700 UOO 40 106 8709 8700 14 76 % ' SO!' 7419 18 •6 TO 160 4» 106 441891 11 7799 41 9979 ' iil . LUMliHu. " I ''' ' ' I ''I 41 1 StodI 1. , 4)37A 41 " » . ^ .-.. ■ TO "niE STUDENT. It la prMumed that you hare, ao fcr, fi.llowod out the design of tl^liHiirtri Ita practM ^H^'''' dovelopni.«,t of the principica uf Accounta, omlttin« nothlnR whkl, ha* bcnm proacribed, beoauaa you oould not, for the moment, appreciate all iu U.n.f,t.. If you have piirauod thta jwlioy. you canno^at thi. .tago, foil to a«e the advant«gea ,l..riv«l from thea* ""1! 5««^''*« f"' »h« I^mer." Our objoct la Inatituting thl. f.,at.irc «^.. to ahWd you frAm th«.te|npUtion of paating oyer the Woi-k without the trouble of iMalin'r We know the atmigth of auoh tempUUoOa, and we know, alao, the utter A-uitloaanoa; of Ui« iaaue. when they prevail. ^ """ _ • We have, ao ftr, oonHned our record of tnuiaaotiona to the old lUIian method of.hlatorieal Dfcy Book, w th Journal aeparata We did «, on ««ount of ita gn^ator aimplicity, and bec.ua. we did notjriah to diatraot the mind from mon ImporUnt oonalderktlona which It waa neoa» •wy to enforofc Ai you «e now more thoroughly grcmded in the gro.t trutl« of the aoi«n«L we ahall henceforth gitra . little attentlon.to the more pracUcd forma in uae. «,d to. g^ you particularly to not., the ,«culUr formof the Jou™dD.y Book Introduced In the foUowIng Set, that you may U. ablVu, e* pr«aai In tbto manner, any conceivable tranaaotion, oomhinbig all the eaaential point, of tb. •epuvt. Diy^Book «.d Joumid. Very fow buaincaa houaea «lopt the old method of firat entering tran«iction. In . hUtoriaU D.y Book, «k1 joumJUing thei^lVora. When, mor. aevcrely practic. fonoft-for the purpoK >i of cnnd. nantjoi lua- raptoaaat tha balaaoo of sveh an aeoomt aa a gala or • loss f 10. Would tha soma nila ap|>ly to Partaarship as to Htook hooks la this mfard T tl. With what amounla m^tti aolaa and •ash always to bs dabltad aad eradltad T tt. If thay ara raally worth mora or Ism Ihan tha Ihra, how o^riii tha difhrsaoa to bs showa T U. What U tha abUf dlAonlty te aipUlnlnf tha dsbit aod eradit of latarsat f It. WUI WslMtar's dsBalUoa of " laiarast" mHRos sf a baab fcr JouraalUlaf T M. What b a lomtt daflalUoa of ■* latarsat" aa tha aesoaataat shoald rWw ItT M. Is tlM boslassa raprsssatad la Bat IIL • gslnliW ar losinc bwlaasar 17. H«w sm ya« asssrUAt U, Ilow will a loss U buslasss allM lk« proprMon' ascooatT li. Ilow should tha Maottat of Bryaat A MratUm ba t r aatad la Mr. Bryaat's prl«at« boakal M. Ilow shoald thalalofast doa o« •■ Mortgi^ Payabb' havs baao roproaaatad at tlia doss of tb« Mardibaalassat' II. Uow aould It hara bsaa doM T II Would thb hara tocrsassd or dscrsassd ths losat OBHKRAL qUIRlia *' M. U opaBli« • Sat of Booka, what b tha Srst ooMldaratloa T M. What wUl alwiys ba tha dlthrwiea batwasa tha rasourrss of a somstb aad lu sarfWA llablUlbaT II. Dosa Stiirk arrmint la aa lAdlrldaal boat. MS* always raprassat tha larsslad abpltalT M. Whoa doaa H aotT 17. Will Rtock aceouat aad tha Rapr*. ■aatatira asoouata, lakaa togathar, idways rsprsss n t tha larastad sapltalt II. Why ara ths Raprsasntatlra •eeooaU so oallad t II Ai* tbsy Isss rW thaa tha aeeouata taahabally ao eallsd t* .40. If tha laerwMa aad <|bala«ltaa nf issoa r ssa. wauaoUy sallad galaa aad Ipsaas, shoald ba earrlad launadlaUly to Btoeh or PartaarsT Aeeooata, would tkara odat aay asoass l ty for R r p r sasata tl Ta aaeouaUt 41. What would ths dMhrsoes h»- twssa tha dabit aad eradit sidaa of Marchaadba aeeouat rapraaaet la that easaT 41 How maay aMthods ar« tharaofladbatlngthaloaaorgalalabualesssf 41. What ara thay t 44. la what way eaa thssa two OMthoda ba BMda to prova saali oIlMrt 41 la a ivl aahlbU of fOMMrasa aad UabUUlaa, what baMaasa af tha Bsfr<^ ■aalatlTS aaeouaiit • -.fl H ssrdMIr SI Um IhMsw I sa kslwMa laal ■MMwlasrs , siMMtiaa rmftHtMf, b Um \ alwar* sssM t* mlM kf Mat imt IspfMtaUUTs siiisats, ss Aswa b Ikh ItmUm, H ssavtalMM' uk*. •wuiaiaa lbs mim aad iMwi vkM sr 4Mr«Mln| lh« SM b»iilwial l vkll* Kml mmoMs Mm, «iMi r wm if sf s «t I s l l ll t WMIt ■tprwwWs^M «kMi llMF r*pr«Mas ««MBs*«r aa sakMl sf lbs smmK sf*lltB*«aMMIk 70 'J a. n^ i m H' ■('■ ' - I] 'H It -■■*« ■ Jblil IV. ; ^ ,;V JOiri?i^AL DAY lioOK, COMMISSION SALES BO^^ INVOICE BOOK, FORMS OF 'NOTES, drafts/Nletters, rrc. 1 - UDGER CLOSED WITHOlTr BAUICE iCCOOTT; AI^. BT J0PR5AL EnitlES. (Pn'VtJStllSSS: PROSPEROUS. Pifc: -*4 ", « a. :-:«i^ "v- v.,..-.;. REMAKKS OK SET JV. 'I! I! ■it » '.*: REMARKS ON 8^ IV. *h In the tnuMftctlona of this Set, we har^^roduoed aeveral new featurae, which will re<)Ulir« #<' inoro than a poaeing thought from the ^udont FiaiT.— 7Vi« form of oriijiual entry— fomhimng tkt Day Book ani JtfWHai Thla fonn la th» moat practical in uae Tor general ptirpnaea, nM ia adopted, in eaacnoe, by accountanta, in eVwry de]Mifthiont ori>uaini>M. Ita rhiuf advantngtta are in'ffiapeiuing with a at^parate Journal, and In bringing the Pay Boole and Journal entriw into auch Intmediuta connection aa to K-nve no room to doubt thiiir. Identity. The only obji*tton that can be urged agninaC itjj* the diffi- culty of making the entry Intolliglble, aa well i^ ay mmotricaU Aa there can exiat lio trananiv tiona more dMTicult of expreaabri tluin thoae gjven in thia Set, we thiiilt thia objection ahould ' have very little, If any, fitrce, 'llowcver, tho'atudcnt will oftep fm^^ hia Ingenuity, taxed to tJtte utmtoat in aubmitting tranaactiona to. thia form. 1^ . (., "* '2 SacdMD.-rTAf difftrtHt mtlhwU of tonxiderinp Ifdit. Co. tnntaelimi. It wijj^I, of couiw, be underatood that by " Morrhandiae Compnnii-a" ia meant the temporary copnrtncrahipa ox' iating betwei-n the conaignor and coii«ignt»«/ incth-jd-Uixeniplinud by the three Mdac. Co. uw..unta, " A," " H," and "C," in the month of April-^lio principle rc<^iizcd ia, tiiut the fwMi-r of the propiity ia reaponaiblo for it. Tliua, when we receive from f.«>gan,'Wilaon At Co. an invoice It} be sold on joint %, we dcl'it ." M J»e, Co. A" with the invoice and expenai-a, and cn-dlt tiiu conaigirom ° with the poa^/bC the invoice, thua thakinj; ouriMilvea reaponalble for tlie proprfy aa though it -worojll our of n. The conaigiior'a entry, If recognising the aame priiicipio, will bo to dobit ua ft* the entire coat of the nicruhandiae.* In the mto/k/ method, ahowp by the three Mdau. Co. aoooiinta, " D," " E,"'*nd " F," the principle r«cognia!cd ia tliat the owiter of the prbjMjrty ia Ireaponaible. Thua, when we receive from Wni. K. dwiler, merchandiae tu be aold on joint yivount, we 4^bil >* Mdae. Co. D" with our own hhart otily, and crt-dit U^) conaignor. Tlio Dnaignor'a entry^i ih thia caae, if made to oorreapond with„ oura, would be to debit ua for and "Shipment in Co. to New Yoak," for. hia afinre. There thire are mbre than two purtica int<^eMti-«i, if the accounU are kept bythe/r« method, t&« c(Hiaignee aliould, aa liefure, debit the Mdae. Co. account with iu et^tire ooa^in voids and expenaea — and credit the conaignor with their (the conaignee'a and oonaignor'a) joint ahari^ and any other party or.po»fi^iea With hia or their ehnre, ITie conaignor woubl, in ajioh a caae, (lebit the ooinaignee virith theli; jejnt ahare, and each pf ihe other piirtiea With Hia or their ahare. The iother paatiea would. If making an entry^Wcorreapond, debit tha^ijii^^,^d credit the conaignor (»ch for hia own ahare. ' , When there ar« more than two |Mrtiea intoreatod, and the aocounta are kv method, the conaignee ohoul^ debit ** Mdae. Co.'^ account /or kii o»n thart and credit the conatgnor for hia (the conaignee'a ahare). The conaignor, •iionid dabiteaoh of the partiea for their ^eapective aharec^ and **Ship't in ■m T r • Tha aoppaailiDB, ia aU tbMaeiaaa,b lliat4liaaeBaigaor Aintiahaat^ Uaowa naiwraaa lb* pruparty ikiapadL- :•• Jv»": • ' II* V dft * f' T 1 •^ / • , • . . r.v. \ 1^ % A. ■ ',. •;'• ■■• ■■- >•'■ " ^ ■ '.■'"." i ; , i. ■ If :.:;# ■ .-• ■■ •^, ■ -^ r ::, ^. •'* . - .-^. .. . -J - f].f. ;'• k ■ a ■ ' - #;.-. \,; ■•■.;.- .\^ :fc: "mgvwwf I S ■ ■.# ilEHARKS ON SET I.V. "«' ■kin.' Each of tin otlnr t)«rtt««lihouU dfiblt •• SWpmwt ia Co.,** wd ortdlt th* oootlgnor ..Moh ftir Uaown iluMf*. " ^Tb« ttUUfiplM given, it It liop«d, will A1II7 illintiAl* Umm MVanI |>olnta, and fiuton the prtnoiplc* fopn the mind of the iMrner. A« viU be eeen in the reeiil'ts, the oiily difligard,— but becauae the more the Jeamcr pennita hiiHMtlf to dw(wl- edge of the acienca. He will l^arn little by copying the Jovimal where the opening and^ oluatng entries are made rcanii>d, thu tAotul niuthod in the oorrt-ct and pliiUiadphicnl onfr'— the principle recognized being timt the owner of thu pro|K'rty ia reaponaible. The only advantage ptNueaaed ^y the/r«< method ia, thdit the " Mdai>. d>." avcjunt.ahowa iU entire cuat; at the commencement. - a ' The atudoiit will, doubtleaa, find It difliculf to claaaify M. Co. account^a"t In their curren\^ condition, they are neither Reul nor li4>prt!aohtaltive. It ia fi>r |liia reaM>n,lJ^inly, that it ia 'deemed beatjto doae them by ft J«)urnal entry, whtm thu pr<>p«-rty they repn-aMit it dJHpfiaud of. Tlioy might b^ inode uitiux^Ri'ul or Uoprt*iH>ntativo. Vhiia, by di-bithi^ tlit•) thu difilr(fnc« ^ilL repreaent what we owe to the partica inti'ru»tt'ilititia uiidur thuir proper accounta. llila ia thu buiiura nu-tliud ; and if each month ia'.aup|>oavd to rupreai>ut a year, thia would be a fiiir cXani|tlu of the niannur uf eliNilng buainuaa InMlla at the end of each year, forming a bania uf ri'Mouniw and liiiltililiua for the next yuar'a account*. .The method of 'cloning tjiu Lea, thougli roqulring more labor, and puaauaaing no advantage over thu nii'tlitoforu.^cx|ilain«'d. llio umiat entry in l^ringing down t«- aourcoaand liubilitiua i«: "Old a^v^mnt, Dr. To New account," and the revurae.. The "BuU ance" account ia prociauly the aamu aa ■" New account.'* Yowta.-^A larger variety of ouxiliarif form*. Wo have purjfmaely introduevd I; great variety of auxiliariea that the atudent i^y become funilliitr with forma. We ahttU hcreatWr , indicate how • majority of thuae boolca'ntlght lie um>d, in coiliii; ■'.. ••*' I I ^'M V i y ¥:': p /' i. let; V^ h JOURNAL DAY BOOK,— ^ IV. NEW YORK, APRIL. 1. 1850. • • ttB. BrjiaiMid H. D. Btnitton h»U this day mtored iai ^ wpartMnUp, niidar tiM Mjrla vid Arm of ** Bryant it 8l too," In Um proMoationof • gMwnl GNnmlMioo and Qi ry BiMinaaa ; to invMt la aqiiaiamounta, aid partidpau in gidM aad kaMa. • Ca« Dr. ,...»....; !' lOOM To. H. B. Brtart At MM«wt ofhli laTMtMai EMTBrmBAni 4 1 ii Vt» • i • . .. « 9 vt'l' To II. D. Stkattok . . II Ibr awMut of kU IvTMbMai ; - > a 8rou Aim Fnl^^inul Dr. ToStmnuaa .... . 1' ISBM -, „ _ 4,JortifIL&BryUtUittoi«wd«st««. £!»«OBTaAaBP^rAM.^TAM«MdaMrtg«g*oath»pnp«ty . . ** WTBRBST .MnoBiaiDias Dm OB norlf^a to date . . . 9 -^- — ToIIopbIiCo. . . . . B«AooJ(. «4^|- ■.46TTIti „;::-;:\:T-r „ gr:- W ^-T - ^B ^--T ¥ > r «"t(^ip!«B« JOURNAL DAY BOOK,— SET IV. NEW YORK, AntU. O, 1850. ^ Amuuntii brought fbrwanj . , . ' . . , 45775 y Bills Rboutabui Dr. M 1 MMt. Cdi^ T) SuMDRutn . ,%.. . .« 8hl|)ped fhcm to l>» aold on tNd- Joint >%, eath i, . , SO hhd«. Siijpir. 84.0«iO ibt. (if B 0^ 1200 800 ■, i 10 M SaOi 25 NiLu di Kims 3915! -I, To Ban Pat ABLi ■(i _^j» « «• . GlU*ua Strso* I0«tl)Ot{»Ci)(UH«, ll,(HM>ll>«. (i-a, , , For above nitto, il !■■-!' ■ 4 ■ r <»; Mmh. CaB. # dl a . i coi.nt tjalea. r>^ To StORAQI & AOVCR. OurcJiur;;B« #|r, *• Coimispioii 2i jt oil in5.>o -f^Jt'i *• NiLM dt KiKKB Thelei net gain Y . .f I ^ Lute AMD tiioii Oitr " •• Paid Inaurancri jt on #30j)O ,^!^ .* A] .' «; /. • '■ • •- '^ • • ' ToMD^w'0>m BoIdhfc«@t>«ii^yi^ . '••—■■<' -...^' :./,!. ; ;-. '.-^ '^••■' Dr. To Si'NpRrig ■. , . .*^ .■ ^Clpaed taltH IncQiii|iany wjth Kile* 4 Klune, i' ' of liuirHlo, and rHmivrod tliam ail Aiv ' 4600' 500 90(90 15 4500! A • • • t •!■ •"■• '""■■•_ v •' • • • • • ..• •■•''V ' • • • •' • - .-_ -.*.,: \ 1 i :i : ^vmnahm •a . . *» ■y Dr, To MRRciiANDi'si, , (■■ ■-,i * ILLS RbOIIVABLI >8old Airatln Pnckard, o 8t>.ooii 4li«. Douoait® a b. , ipii ijio^Ui thirty days, for balanoa ■ • ■ ■• . ■.''' 50500 ^80 Ifi^ 188 IflOO ■^issoo^^^ 76 75 ■ i. \' * M V . j^ I '"' M t: ; I ! ^ 1*4 %} :V.' r't'/r, JOUiaAL DAT BOOK,— SET IV. KEW A'ORIC. APRIL. 0.* 0. .7» a vliOaAM, Wiuoii dt Co. \. Ainuunta bruught furward ... « • » Dr. ••■•....•r To BiLet Pavabli . . Aet$jttA Ihflr draft on m A tUrty Am •lirhi. hTor Ut« K. Chww * Co. !• Ml orUutiry. 60600 60SMf 4180 36 Mdbb. Co. d 87(M> Dr. To Sl'MDHKI . , . . BMWlVKd per MrrrhanU^ Um, horn Plbiy Miiorv, Tniy. t. Payn. \AIUiiy, aad our- fM>lvea, varh t, a* |>er ^tract, 100)1 bLk Fluur. (ii |M li" • • Fur Balance // To PintT Mooinr . " 8. G. Pam " Cash To Cash " BiLU Patabu ScMDHica Bills RBCiiTAvta Cash 7000 8000 MdsbCo. C. Dr. To SpKnRTKS .... Cloaod taloa in cinn|>any with Moore A Rays,'* :f\-- and rrtidcred them each an Aocoant - >^ '" ■,^: of the ToSroRAnK St Advbr. Ortr cliarKv* *' CoMMIMHIOS •' Plimy Mdokb "8.(1. PAVH " Loss AND Gain 1^ »i <« on fliMiOO . Ui«t n«t){aiai'. . • « « t • • • • ••#»• .Ottr«^ * • • >» ;JiinK>it4i(oiift' To Cash Actm, Mbr. iSt Co. Uuliinveon T6 ,, To MriiReitANbiBB, iolAil. W: tuok, ClHVilind. - » caalcB Brandy, MM gula., @ |( , •-■I'O -_■; . Dr. • To Si'UDRiER, „ V Bo't of Arlcpr. Mrrrali A (>>, ' »<• hhd*. tinguT, 8U,(H)0 lb*., @ < 0, P»i,\ inhanir*. iA i8(k> 4180 k Mm 07 .2893 88 »00 6000 6000 lUtfggu^ 80 »to aio 990 900 1000 00420 35 004-^0 36 82 : \'- ... >f JOURNAL DAY BOOK,— J^rriV. V NEW YOUK, APRIL 16, 1650. Wouf ht forward , '. . . . 90490 8ft 00490 It ScvDiim Dr. To Cash . , , . . ExrcMM Paid Ctork Un to IMk . ^ .' . . Ft«D.8TKATT0ilr,Pr{lr.I'aiaUaiaK]| » , , 150. - Sdvi Iktibmt Dr. To BaU RsciiTABitji ,. ' AmtOm Pmlkmri hM dliii— Jiil fcito aKUi.ll wm feTor. «lM li«f tiik P roeitdt irf wto. , ^ I»UaiNuii uf, M 4tt» . • • • MS a 4 St 1000 KaM& Kiiriri 8UN0»U| Vfm ' 9 t • • • 9 9 t • To Low AKoOAIt * • JUwdred M Aoeount DU«w of Um JliM- «M* tlivu to ba told OB Joint Meowt, <* Um .. Ithkaat Uur I Mt g^ M almm Dr. 'ToSoMMiis fhlpiMd S. 0. Psya, Allimj, tote'ldM « Joint 9( oT a 0. fnpi, niay Moor* gf Troy, and tfUrwIvM. aaeh i. JO hlidn. 8vi(ar, 8u,(MKt IIm. (ij 6f« II.MO Frtl)(ht on wiM . . . V, « ■ 10. too 8. 0. PAm Pliny Muori To ^fKKCIiAllDU« " CAau 1 ForhU«Ddoar|alioT*Uivol«« i , . IS.'Ul 84 -ForhU^. . . . ,. • • • • - " 000 00 At alMtva . ^. . . . . • , . • PaldFrati^t ' \ ''-'si * ■ • - lOSO ». so IL B. B»r Aiiir, ?rif tt*- • Dr. .,,.•• • * • . - To Ea«t Rivin Bamk . -.SDwwoB'prlraUJI. ^ ■ '■•■■■ff G*ii .t ''.- .1&> EA*r ttlTRR Bakcv,!, -,] idfihi/k ir^m oa bvor of a. 09d|r«ii..'.i' .. ■ ..■■ - : . T« 8i^« A»o Fi XT itKW ■ lM«lta4'r«9t fcr'ttpfitr 'DpM^lwmta, ^':"■(-". ..'■ ."■■ ,.'■ „ ' ^ ■"'■■'' " ■ "" " ■ • ' -■ -, ■■ .. .■■,,■• '"''■ T«.:. n- ■■■.,; ■^^' .,.;■, . V- t' .,"■'- ,: ,;;■ - ' ;;€-''•"'"..'"■■ .,,.. ,« ■ •-' -''''.- ,' ' ■'; "X?-/".--^-^^ .■■■■■ ■ ... " . ■•.-."" ;■■ fi'\' u ..:■■' I ■.:': :.y • ,. ;;;■■;-.. .4' :"'"■]/ ^/'''.Z '^'V; ■-i.-:^' 'T^:--- ■■>:■■:■": ,."■. ■.■■.>'. '-_'".., .■•^^•'^■:., 1 , ,v I V. > • JOURITAI, DAY BOOK,— SET IV* f- (' ■■?■. ::^.;-,'- |«fiir YORK, APBIL. 88, lto% ^ ^ ■■ m-: ARMMMi brovgiit I|irwiif4 « • iriAMii Eiinu S> , *^ '• • ». • • ♦ • • • '\ ': " "'^ IVSnuMu EMriki"'Sro -^-— , , *"• • • ♦ • • * • • • ToH.aB»tA«ff. , , 1 "^ /'I i;,..i.y;v.r:\ ' ^ ,■ ■■■'';:♦ " , 1 ;•> i' ■■■■■• ■'., 1 4 Ill ^vt,v::;VA:. >^r:v .im ' \''m- a !.■'■:.:'■'■; - ■''*i r. ■■ "■■■ ■■■ ' MQ8 m:m ■■ i 11 ■ 1. ^ .' A'W''>: 90 105M7- 90 1056M M ■>^>^'. ;^ - ■ I; J>' I ,.7t ■ V : NEW YORB^i MAY ;i, iS^ir^ MiMiGa.t>. A I)r. tbJJwwbtoiif . . . . imr* to U Mi4.||i~ iqw:,|riat 9 M* 4,.' lOObbUCldiif Vfti^. « IT « Wtt W do. UtaMdOlt.«»M> . Ml»< f-^ j^-.i^ "1 -''^ l«f -;^ ,*■ -■":il':, v'^-'- ;, j- ■*»■ 0-.. ■ -•**; ;:«*:■ "■^'»w=«ff''«ftw'«!E%^''' *- ■ ■ 'i«-' \ •» :''■■■ .' ■-.■'■ ••. ,«•» s .... »■■- •-■ " ♦ y .^■■•■■*-^^;l S'--'-::-- -.''-. ' ;.V '■ ■ - • 1.^.. /,:::■.'• ■•^* - - -i*!^-.-"-;? , ..^-i,".*- :* r » *lpi%*" i' „■.. .■;*^ • ■ ¥*■';'■ Vi'- * J*' .' v. ;\- « '.v,M'; ■v'-i If' "'1..V-'; '■■■ :-■■■ ■•^;'- JOUBNAL DAY EOOK,-w-SBT IV. NBW YORtC MAY d. Ig5(^ i" .■ti c- 1 '%' Amounte bioa^ Ainnitd Dn.ttSmrwui...; V ."V. f ' .k ^M}^ ~4 Am iiwf' ';lMnaiio%' IlV •I- *ktt ir,^^ f.,,V^.r A'}'- • ■ ...'', »■■■ ' ''W^, ■I ' ■-*;■■«. I'v ,j.-«- ''■■■ ' WMl Mtiiit^Uai M. A«eouiit 8«iMI; .; . ,; «^-J^ > 'ii -^* . • » •' • • • in.': ■#' ■'• ^t', '. ^v TDlEAW'RiTm- 'Bars '":.-. W:=^ '—y*r-**rrr , »» . >»■ ,. u l. 84. LovU, I* b« aoM MKNr jolal %. (Mil i, MO bbU. IWk, « «• KtOO IM d« iMd. M^UW lU, d • « . t6uO ______ ' -•v-'l ttUIW Ton.D.yAaBr<»iLdariab«v«l*TatM . ....... ** EamRituBaxk rrrigiit|Mr«hMk SoaouM Dr. To MiMi. Cn. R. SoU W«. A. Iliilby, Port Kawtnt, IOOI>lMfa.»iR^.arU. .♦'. ... BiLU RfOHTABU Bwt twJ In piykMit, RraM«M Cortina » aoU. datoj JaauM-y I, U»», Uim una tla/ klUr iMTMnff DMtodaUM*boT*MU ....*.! Cam, Mom. Co. & For • •«•••••#•. • • • COMMIMIOII F. A. Boru CtMnmu. 4 8tso«« TMr Mt praoMd* LoMARbOaU OwiMtfifai . Dr. ToBviiMiu OlaMdMdM.OiK B.. >ad rmulrrM) Arroant SiitM of tiM MiM to P. A. lloyto mmI C«B|ib«U A tHrai«. "•« OriMMi; Btang*. Adv«rtUi^ •!«....,. l«)(o«|7M0 &000 \n 47 8^70 5S &000,, • • • • • • I! • • • • • • * • 9600 A4M 7500 SO 1H7 M ^ihi 17 : 47&0 Vik ■Ml IT 2015 jtlvaoBii Mmi. Co. F. L«)H AND (lAm. ToCllAROM •* CuMMIHIOM ., •* 11. D.VAIlSrCBtL lIuTi iBVuif. 1>ii|«rmKe, ate. S| 9 uD Mlua . . . 44 UJ /■ttOft aooo ■«'■■• II. D. Va» Srmii. Cam. Dr. . To Cakii AemlttodiilatoruUlir // /,.. ■ -3; Ill" .... ./■ Ik... JOURNAL DAY lJ0pK,-.-8ET XV, ^ f i* >KkBW YOAK. MAY fiO. idfiO. ^ ..i., .; ' .; _ V/ ■ .-» AniounU brought forwurd . . . . . iMIftO M *9IM t4 I lt|\T-- ♦-■ It lit I ^ i Sam Rivw B*n I 9 aw. lIpAVMT 17. 7 Vm. K. Sablu Dr ToCmn . . . V . . 40001 I 115 To SHimiiiT m Co. 1 . ■•mIHIm AowMMil itelM of it bbkk Halt ;: 000; / \Aftt I ft DlLU Patabu • • • • To HiLu Patablb U ilrvA on M« (4 iMriy irkjr* »\fl^K U ft MtOif, hr ■■iHwl Ilk «W» isii * * , * * . * Cam I Ti» Caiii ,...,,, HU Mr •iN)«}i(Miw'|ftor uT Uoy* A Oft, <' dM Ulti^lll^. -- 5W - - --- --'■•---•- ■ Dr. *. . To CuARLM Siinoa ' To B^Imm %. 80 %;-■-■ ' ,; A0BII^MHRAUdlC0. Dr. . . , . .W-, . . ^•2 ' ToCAiM • • • To aaMK»;iK. 81 - I IL B. BRf A«T Toll. l'i.UarAMT. PriVAto ror Anoual dMr«w| to IL a &'• privAlo MctNwl, tow ouTtod to bU Woek ■» aooo 4A00 1000 MO 1 ' II. D. Stmatto* Dr. t 00 J- 1 .. i.^P*"* I . I T«» H. D. Strattom, PHvaU u Vor MWMmt chargod to IM vaU ■'rnnMBi, m« < mmM to Mtoek Mootwtb ... >. ■ ,.' • ', , ,.„.,■, ' A/r. ^ • . . « ..•..• • 11 TdH. a Bur ANT " . . J ADomd r % 00 hiA oddiOpMl tiif«olM«l I •lA|«rUM. 160 1ft ioe 10000 i»ooi 4ft00 I 1000 ' 000 ISO ift no .'#1 lOfiOOS^lOO 10ft(M>S W> .:■ ■■ f..-^c-t^ JOUUNAL DA NEW YORK. I CUMING ENTIUES, Dr. ■roaa Ara FuTVfeM Oalams M»KT«Aat PAr*aL« * Dr. r IV. JO '•$.'• • « • • To Hrnm AJIB Kil' Dr. ........ . .h Til Ldm AH* Hai* . . To nALAari « . • ( To Cash • • • • • IflMO VAO 4000 4A7a 00 15000 tooo an 00 ^ BAUti|« ^ Df. .To R««T Uivu Baiib , :i lurunr Dr. ... ^ Daum«b To Halakcm ;. . . . Pr. . To IHTIHHT .... Amunal du* m la date da IL CoralAi'A I.OM AND (tAli .1. ^ Daiavci . GbMMIHIOi To iNTHMn . .. . . ' OmI fww prooMdt of iaiMWli .•^r. ......... To ExriMAi . . . , B>hae» of ICx|i«u« uvuiuit. '^ „ ■■ .. To niLtA RitCKlVAm,! . . Ma ea kMMi. (K. Otraiiii'tti t a • • 8I3ST M IS 8T UO ft) 313 IS IM AOOO 434 S3 81337 00 IS tr m 09 Sit M ISO 6000 434 85 ^ ^ 0ILU Fat ABU ToBalahcb-, . . . . 10781 &UU0 18 10781 O^IOOO^lt •0 /<-::■. '.■ ^-i :'*■' K"l ■f 'ft V. '^^ ' ■ > ■" .u •#-• •*,' ' ^ %'■■ ;'■ '•' . .V . /* ■ ,■ , ■.-'. ' • r' ■ ■ - * /^ ■'. •■'" '. ' tK - ' " ■.''\' ■ ■ - ■' ;.;^ -"/r-v- " • '.** > ■ ' ■■' ■ ! - . t ■ft » - ■ -t' ■ r-, " , ■ y ■'•. " ; .■,,_•: .. t ' . ^, ,. .. *-- ■ - - ■ / .. .■ 1 ._;_^]j. , t '«* ' '• • ■ ' 1* ■ '-■ * > , v.- 1 ■ : ■ ' * t / .; ■» ' 4 . ■-> . '■.■ ■:" - / f ■■/■ \ . .> '":'■•..' — T" ' /, »■ "■ A .■ ■ . ' . ■^ ~*T j_ , V • '" . ■•».' .^ w # \ / '/' ;■■ .. « .■ '■■ ■ .;./:.■ J * A " ' f /• ''• ' ■■ ' ■■■■." -^ '' ^ : ■■H -" w^ '} • ,. J ll .' . * ' " / /.'■■■' ■ . : ."■- '^^L M m^^ i W^^, y /...•,■: ':■■■■: ■■;: -.'■■ ' ■./ t MKHocorr ibouition tbt oMtr (ANSI ond ISO TESTGHART No. 3) ^ IM» 12^ 1.1 ■It u 112 ■ 16 L40 11-25 i 1.4 1 1.8 1^ A /IPPLIEd IN/MGE Inc 16S] Eos! Main Slrxl Rochester, Nm Yorti 1460S US* (7(6) 482 - 0300 - Phone (716) 288-S989-ra« f \ m \ ijl >» r » ■ I, r .' H! k JOURNAL DAY ]]OOIv,— SET IV. NKW YOUK, MAY 31, 1950. Amount brought forward . . II T t i!' ... S' ! ; " * ' 1 I ili:- JC ^^[1 1 ( I'i '^■ II I. .-_ : ,■ ':.•' i , ■ " ~ ''^ ■ ■ Plint MOOKI S. G. Pays Ualanck fi^ALANCB Bai.akcb Loss AND GaIV Loss AND GaiV CuARC^B Dr. . To HaIanx'ic Aojount duo liiiu. // l*r. ..... :-.-. , . To liALANCK Aiuouut duu Uiiu. // l>r. ........ . To Steamer Empikb Stock VtkluatioD of our iutoruat iu Steojuur Em|iire. // To Stkamek Emi'ihk , . Amount due ua. // To U. W. IIoAOLsr . r Balance due ua, '-. // i)r 1*0, Shipment in Co. 1 . Oar loss CD skiptiiijuu C4050 18 61C50 IS 5340 01 l!»5l 99 10000 5340 01 11)54 09 250 1709 109 10000 '-i.-.o noa Dr. To Iksukancic. .... Cost of insurance. J-'". • • • . • • •'■,. . To Loss AND Gain .■. . Qain on storuge, udvorLUiug, etc F. A. BoYLit & Co. Dr. . . . '. To Balanck Amount due them. .... 37 50 150 4254 10.: 109 37 50 150 Campbell dc Strono Dr. \ . . . . , To Balanck . . Amount due tliem. ' // Loss AND Gain Dr. To Sundkies . . TT T» Ti ^*' S"'" carried to I'artner^ %. To n. B. BiiTANT UU i net gain . . . " J I. D. Stratton « " " " ... //■■.. ■ 4254 10 2254 17 • ' •• • « • • • • • • n. B. Bryant IL D. Stratt6k D'^ . : . . . To Balancb For amount liis net uupiiaL // Dr. . . . . . To Balancb For amount Iiia net capitaL -»0- 2080 40' 15785 14 2254 17 1340 20 1340 20 15785 14 • • • • • • 13130 57 13130' 57 122311 12 122311 12 1C50 IS 5340 01 11)54 09 oooo ITOft 109 37 50 150 1254 10 !254 17 ' ■•. 340 20 340 20 785 14 130' 57 311 12 Dr. LEDGER,— SET IV. K. B. Bryant. / Ifay 81 To n. B B. prlraU " 81 BaUnc*)' 1859 Apr, 1 By Cwh " 80 LoMuidOsIn , May 1 By Balance 81 luiureHt " " 81 Luw tttid OaiA Dr. May 81 To H. D. 8. privato " " liaknce I4e2» I 20 200 11 16785 14 1S985 li H. C Stratton. '' ■ ■■■ . 188» Apr. 1 By East River Bank " 80 Lo1 Low and Gaia , Ll 12RO0 May 81 By Balance n 2600 ISOOO Dr. l^ortgage Payable. 1869 May 12 To K*»t River Bank 7 4600 •. " 81 Ualanca '8 4600 1869 Apr. 8 By Store Fiztoroa 9Q00 Cr. 1 10000 S 2llHa 90 l4 1U40 :i6 14020 ti Ll 14a29 2H 9 15 M 11 134U -^0 15988 14 €r. 1 10000 r l4 1940 St 11940 87 I: »■' llfi40W'-^ „ 13280 87 . (Cr. • 1600 14000 8 16000 18000 Cr. 1 9000 9000 ^r -f=^ ■■'J^' LEDCJEll,— SET IV. Dr. Cash.. «r. .sn9 ' J8 73 " I'J M 28 4 l.MIO " > 1« M 80 11. li. Uryout 6 2UN8 90 " 18 " 22 " 29 By Store nnd FUtnrei 1 8416 KxpcllrtO 1 76 lAlcUi- Co. A. I 100 Nilcit >C- Kiiine 2 in - Md.Hi'. (,'(>. (J. 8 200 StCHuiur Kuii>lre Stock a 6(K)0 Md.s... 8 800 Huiidrioi . . 4 200 II 4 , 60 Eziiease 1S9 21284 63 >4l284 61 l/Wji X To Balance 1 2' 113r.9 63 2 «« 3 Mdse. Co. I>. 6 750 #• 1,' Md«e. Co. E. 7 2376 63 8 ** BilU Kec«ivft.ble 7 saoo • " 10 u 14 Mdse. Co. F. 8 4750 " 17 u IS Hiinna, BoasOtr & Co. 8 21100 05 " . 33, u ! 17. MdHO, Co. F. 8 20(M) ." 27 It n; Bills Receivable " 8 101)0 " 80 u 27 Cbaa. Stetson 9 4500 " 81 By TftBt nivcr Bank S JSimdriug 6 IiiHurance 6 Kust Kivor Bank , 7 II. IX VanSyckol 8 Kiist Rivor liouk , 9 llillH I'ltynlile 9 Acker, Mcrrall ft Co. 9 ' Buli^ce 10 86001 18| • S7j 60 4000I CMS: 02 10000; 8WIO 1000 4575 09 88646 21 dr. 1859 Apr, 1 To H. D. Stratton East rtivpr Bank. 1 10000 l|l»59 Apr. 25 By II. B. Bryant Nilea Ji Kinn0 ! 4 |S646 21 €r. 200 968 75 ')■■ - lfaM\ 1 j To Balance "' I Cash " 10; - I jj / 10000 1.2 ■88811 26 May 6 8500 7 4000 " » 10000 ' " 81831 2S f ;j 1 6 : 6 1 12' '^ 81 By Mdne Co. D. Expense Mdse. Ca B. Mdse. Co. F. Siindrioa BilU I'ayable BuUnce lOOOO; 00 ■■ -v" 601 isoj ft"0; ..^1 8001 • 4KR7' 60 .41.S6; 25 10 21387 ; 60 81881 1 2S ^2^ ,^^. I . LEDGER— SET lY. 13r. Aft,: 20 To DHU RoccivftUe jfav 8 To M(l»e. Co. E. <• i2 Kii^t Uivur R«nk H ( lUiiiiH, U. & Co. « ; gi Bulituce Interest. • Ct. 4 27 .<1/yr. S By Store and Flxturet ' 1 8i 84 84 1 V J23 47 Jf«» 81 By Bnlnnre 7 l.'>7 no » " Lu.ia aud Okln ' 8 44 118 9 1.1 U8 10 18 87 10 :4rt 31 10 ^J^ 1ft 8A9 97 8S9 97 Dr. 1859 . .H/r. 6 To Siindrios " 20 Ln»8 iind Oftin " SS « Kant Uiver liuuk .r .j^'^ 3^xpensa- 1869 1 78 4 80 5 169 284. 160 Jfaif 81 By Loss and Qali ISTiles , Kinne. 1889 2 aoiS Apr. 4 ByMdae.Co. B. 4 ami " 8 " « 4 8fi8 78 418.3 76 . , Cr. S84 IKO iCx. 2 4nno . 8 lb3 78 .r 41,88 te Dr. 1889 /I Id-. 8 To Sundries " 16 JTay i 1 To Balance ls/^erc]iand.ise. 1889, 1 8900 'Apr. 9 By Snnd- ea a 1800 •' 15 -Cash " 22 Sunariea 64B0 180a . May S By Sundries Cr. 2 8 4' 1800 flOO 1960 «4B0 6 1800 93 LEDGER,-^ET IV. , Dr. I8ft9 Apr. to To 8. a. Psyn '• M £i|ieuM XjOss ajid Chain. 18B9 (tm 115 Aftr, A By MdM. Co. A. S 8»« SS 1.1 )eti4 8 MtlM. Ca a 8 lt>3 7B 4* 13 M>U«. Co. C. 8 840 «* 20 Niles A KiniM 4 8(H) M UU Store wid FUturot L 1 1000 <« << IiitorMt l3 71» 73 Nv (4 44 M.Im. l8 750 \^ l« «l HtoraKe «nd Adver^ lB UO - ^v «< 44 Contiiiiiwloo lb 4H0 \ M •4 BUMUuor Kmplre Stock l6 260 4279 78 427» 73 Vrtj M To Md»e. Co. F. " ai liiturest M ^^ Ex|)eii8a ' JShtpment in Co. 1 /' InmiraiicA KuiidrlM 13 484 87 10 213 15 10 160 11 lOtt 11 87 50 n ' 2680 40 8674 43 May 8 By f(ds«. Ca D. " 8 . Mdso. Co, E. " IB lianna, livoMr A Ca " 84 Store and Ku^tures " " Ci)iuini(}itioii 6 fli '7 254 11 8. 276 Chargua *\'4 10 434 25 U IBI 8674 48 \ - Dr. vKope ^ Co. 1869 . "' 1869 Maj/ 18 To BiU« Payable . *, »8 8900 » Apr. 8 By Mdaei Cr. 1 8900 Dr. 1859 Apr. 4 To Soodriea "6 " l^dse. Oo. -A.. »' '>:. Cr. 1869 •/ ^<» 2 8900 Apr. 6 By Cash ^ 1 1400 8 800 " 6 Billa Receivable 2 8800 4700 4700 Dr. Logan, "Wilson '<& Oo. 1869 4pr. 9 To Billa Toyable 1869 8 4186 25 Apr. 4 By Hdse. Co. A. « A M ft ■( €r. 1 8800 8 8S6 81 4186 85 4180 86 ^r J ■r- -1 ^ w Wf ' LEDGER,— SET IV. Ivldse. Co. B. any rl/8 78 ji34 26 XHt Bills iPayable. €r. « ; ■ * 1869 Apr. M 6 9 12 By Nilen * Kinne > Lo«;an, Wilflon A Co. Sleamer Empire Stk. 2 8 8 2000 418A 26 6000 12036 26 . 12036 26 May 18 " 27 " 81 To East River Bank Cash Balaneo <* li 14 ■ ■♦■. 4186 25 8»()0 10781 18817 V May 1 IS 86 fey Balance Hope A Co. Wm. K. Sadler l5 8 9 12086 25 SiMIO 2881 18817 «6 95 ■-i?:-- jlll f! I 1 r,: I dr. 1617 Apr. a To MdM. Ca & 18{l» Auf, 10 ToSundriM I. ja ©r. 18S9 , Ai>r. as To SuodrlM May 81 ToBakno* iDr. 18B9 Apr. 23 ToSnndrlM I, ■ / , May 81 ToBalanM 4'' Dr. Apr. 12 To Sundries JVoy 81 ToBfkUnoe LEDQEll,— SET IV. OhaxleS; Stetson. 9 4ft00 1889 J/ay 18 ByCaah Ivldse. Oo. O. 8 8700 8 um lOOOO / IHSV Apr. 18 ' Bjr Bundrla* Fliny Ivlooro. IHBV 4 66« 66 Apr. 10 By Sidse. Co. 0. 14 .. 14 <'<' -^V^ 28 By Steamer Empire " - " -i , . , . 1 10280 . *», ioOOO JTay 81 By B«lanc« -A^oker, Ivlerrall 10tJ*)0 Cr. 8 . 8C6rt 61 8 U40 6006 67 l6;; 6340 01 Cr. 8 8 8 28nn 83 810 lis 8288 83 it 1984 99 S-J:e§,zner Empij^e Stook. ^ Cr. 6 2bU ; 10280 13. 10000 Cr. : 8 1000 ^' -K. D. StrattOn— Private. 1U9 i Ayr. i 18 j To Cash 4 160 1889 Hay 81 By H. D. S., Sio<;k Cr. > ; 160 ^r Hit LEDGER,— SET IV. KC. 3. Bryant— I'nivATK. /»K j «8 I To Eoi.1 RiTor 0»>k . ' 4 ' aiH) ' J/,.y ' ai ■ »y II. U. U.. Stuck L._ Dr. I Steamer Empire. 1851 ' : ■' ,K,v,, ' ;''/":• I >' i To Sto«ni»r Eiiiipire atk. i I li.lO ' , JAiy ill Ity U.,l«iic« Dr. 18S» JTny 1 ' To SnnHric* I^dse. Co. ID. • 8 1 (,U) * lOoa I .. ,1 •' Y4 lliiiiiiA. n. 4 Ca. 200 «r. IK 250 I .r" Cr. « 750 u mo rtf. lB5g Vv^m. K:. Sadler. I»n!» J/,.^ 26 to Bills Payable I 9 2881 ! i'.!/,',; ; , : By M.lw. Co. D 28ttl r^... L^ Dr. rt. -W. lioadl 1869 AAiy 2 To Siindrlog g 9^9 " its ijliiiinieiit in Co. 1 o 9 ^mj 1709 IH.'iK J/iiy 31 By Bulanca (Tr. 5 1410 U U71 iittSl (Cr. 11 1709 1709 Dr. 18n9 i/. I eos. Dr. 1869 I 1 ilajf I 8 [To Cash -I- -I Insurance. isr.9 Dr. 18B9 ifai/ 4 JToMd 87 60 JAv .SI lly toss and Onln .Kanna,, Beaser Oo. (Ise. Co. D. 16 I Loss and Gain ! i' I 1869 I 1 8 ;2370 I I J/aj( Il6 By Sundriee (Tr. I :; ! ill 87 l60 ! '! ■ ' ," «» 97 Dr. il-g 81 Tu LoM Md Ukln Dr. fl Tu HiHtdrla 8 LEDGER,--SET IV. . Dr. 18»9 Man 81 To Balance Dr. 11 IfiO 160 Is/Idse. Oo. E. snno AUUU 7900 IHAO i/uy 8 By 8iuidri« F". J^. Boyle <5& Oo. I8»» i V 4284 16 J/,,y « By MdHo. Co. E. ■• ' g .. •• <• 4ii64 10 iMIdse Co. F*. 1859 A.iy , 7 To Sundries ! 1 4000 " IH " 8 2760 Cr. lHft0 iln^ 4 By M.!«e. Co. D, 8 Mdte. Co. V:. " 18 Jldw.CaFi- e 7 8 no ftO lao 7 7600 JTr, a 2000 7 llsire Stk. Steamer Empii^ B. W. Hoodley 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 u ' IBOOOl 457S 09 2I3.S7 60 146 82 8000 10000; 250' 1709 1859 May] (Cr 7 3S00 8 81115 62 6516 62 81 ! <)0 10300 liauo ■ 4500 4500 10000 000 00 I3;w »4 9750 10000 ISO ISO 200 2Uj| h" 250 i 67584 88 losewT ^90 Trial Balano*— ApriL ■\ H. n. Bryant (SUKsk) II. D. Siruttoii (Stock) Siiiru iiikI Kixturtm . Mort^ugtt I*ayttl)lu . (.'itxh Fluat River Diuik . liiUinwt .... Exponae .... Nilua JK Kinne . . Murchandiiifl . . lt»mnuvl ('ttin liopo &i Cu. . . . Mdao, Co. A. . . . Lnunn, Wilaoii St Co. MtW Co. B. . . . Uilia Keoeivuhle . . St(>ruK« and Advertising CominiBaion . . . Bills Payable . . . Charlua Stetson . . Mdse. Co. a . . . Pliny Mo«>re . . . 8. G. Payn .... Stuainur Empire Stock Acker, Murrall it Co. II. I). Stratton (Private) II. B. Bryant (Private) Stvamer Empire . . 71*1/ Pxillni/: HiUutf •. 12088 00 12»W« 9C J(MMH( I.WO 10000 0000 9000 10015 1108 75 84 79 78 4183 75 4050 1100 1015 3000 3000 4700 4i:ifl 25 4500 1000 00 60 480 480 12030 25 12030 26 10000 / 0000 67 6340 01 3288 83 1954 99 2.'V0 1000 1000 /' 105807 90 57584 88 INVENTORY. Property Unsold April 30. 4900 ■ - 18; VI lOWll nmo 01 1984 9fl 4264 1« 22S4 17 15785 14 18180 _6J B8018 41 Store and Fixtures, rallied at ooat Mdse. on hand Steamer Empire Stock, at cost . •** • • • • 126001 1800, 10000 I 99 .;li )|i' I I Jkitinitt, Flint Ik ft.* * i:.() I'JMO •I.-.7:. <)i> :iN..M» m 8i;m :.() ai.uM y5 .'Ml 00 .'Ml 410 lAU >.V) 50()0 ' I.VIOO HO:iO 95 flAO a-w nott 1701^ |0)» 1M»» a? fiO 37 .'iO n A L n A L A N c i:f I x \' i-: x k > a y lOOpo 10000 50009 CO 124145 18 Jl Trial Baltn^*- Mnj. A.ili» I fMtitft. If. jl. nry4 ■ . . . . : - ; ^r^^^m HI 14 |„ N«..r..au.lhLtur... . ' * '' ""'" h*^ "»''"« a' M^r.«n„o |^«|.U . . ,„,«,, I ,. ^ > Mill • . I • . , . ' 'I'lirM lilt ^1 K^iiicrwe .1 ,1 ( 'l It. w. ii,i,il,.y . . ; " ; «ln,Mn«„t i 1 O). I . . . . I' HrtO ' Cliurucii . , , . " ' ,,« F a; II, 1 1 ' ■ ■ '•^*' u„,,;.^j?^„, : : ; 1 S il?' - ^« Sttuiinur EmJ^ro Stock . . |1 5340 150 lOi ^o! 124445"'l8""' ysi |i7 1)54 !0U S251 11)54 50000 loo \ 'i I: rXV^NTORY. \ Re.ource. and LiabiUtlw not shown i^ Ledger Account.. Stor/> nnd Fixtnrpn, rnliiod at ^^l>>n|»ir(' Stock . Leas, interest duo fioiii us '. \ \ - T, --i «140i»2) 18,37 f ir»ooo i 10000 128 45 »h.,L«d„r. ""*''""•""'''' "'°""'»»'»-b"«^.j£E44)k ^•--..,.> DA LANCE 8 II LETS I BALANCE SUKKTS. Wb girn on th« fi.liawlnji piij^in two of tho tiioiit<> j.ri.|.i'li.f.ir, im ikliilMt.-.l In H.f. I, uicl tli.t •.k'.hhI iihowlii;^ iho r.ioilt of fk. iMirtiK'n-lilp hitxlmm of H.-l IV. Ttio ■) iiutulry of t|., .,« Hulaiico H|u;i:t« will coiiiiiiKnit tluiii to thit fnvor of nil »)nf..nmfio iKioiiiiliu'l;, wliil.. th.. ftillr..«iof thi-ir illimtmtlona niimt wiliufy nil Jnt.T.'-l.d purti.-n. 'ni"ii.'rorirror (il'ilrni.ni hn^ l)«»i UHcl, with mom or Iran vnrlntloti, for the Inxt tw.-iit)/ y.nrx, luit hit^ti.r Ii.m-ii n| to nnynroiit .vxtunt liy ImHtntSM hoimon ; tli« chiof ol.j.-,il,>n Ixlii;,' lla iij||p.|ii.'m-y to n.iiiam l'in« liaU of pcrtjonnl B«ro ov.-rc.m,*, in nil cnma wh.ro tlio getK-rnl nauit nioiio ia wnnt.aa Uiia will r..lii<« tli« numhiT of wcounU within tho liniita «ff thla fitrrn. A denrfiw of inm-niiity, nnd aa«< Hnliince 8h«H'ta; but n littlo praotico will o/<>r«'oMi« all aucb obatiujlua. Tho fulluwing briof tr apiirc for tho doliblo onpf.lona, nx in tlm example. Nnstt, iwivrtaln tho nuitibor of I,od(?or nroofuits to bo rt'liffacntod. Thia will, i7 cour8«s embraco all thonwounta in tho Trial llalanMi that do not oano«d. If tho buahi.HM ii tliiit of a ainglo proprietor, uaually cullod "Stook buainoaa," rulo, In poncil, na nuiny IIm.k mi will contain all tho aowitinta, nnd./frr additiijRM^If itr bo a piirtncrNhip' bualnoaa, with two <,r roMro partnurn, rulo throo additional linoa fl.r.^ich'piirtm-j-. Thua; f.r "Slock" buHiiu'sn _/nr lin.a more than nil tho nwounts ; -for two puKnera, *;^/»/ liiu-a more than uU tho aceounta; lor llirco partners, fUven linen moro, and ao on. * / Next, h»y off proper Bp«<-ea for diliit and credit money coliiWia ; firat, for tho foofipj'a of [.odger acrountn, accon.l, for Gaina and LoM«<-a, thinl, for Stock— or if purtiicrx, fup each partner— and fourth, for Rosoureea and Liabilitiea; alao, for a »iii;f/e money column for Inventorloa, and for tlie Lodger titlea and their Ledger folion. Tho position of ili,H.y oolumna you wdl nee in tho example given. Tlwao apact-n can boat bo upprt)i>riat.d by ualng a pair of divldera, and giving each of tho captiona lujtist proportion. AtU'T donotin» tho proper apac** for e«eh hendiiig— which can best bo done with pencil- commence to rule In rod ink at tho right hand, and bring all tho lines of tho firat two cajitionn— Real Aco^nnta and Stock, or one of tho partnenk— down to the lower pencil lino. For tho other partner drop two linos. For Losses and Gains drop two linos for Stock business, and an additional lipe for each partneri Next, rule the foot-lines aa shown, and the schedule will be ready to receive tho nccounta. The process of showing results is precisely similar in ita order, and the rcsulta tho same as in "dosing tho ledger," an'd^lll heed no explanation aside from the exami)Io given. As this form of statement, neatly done, will always challenge the admiration of a system- atic business man, no student should permit himself to pass over it without fastening all its peculiarities Indelibly upon his mind ; and as no one qualification ia meRo essential to the proper appearance of a Set of Books or a Business Statement than clean ruling, tho student can hardly choose a better exercise than that of preparing these Balance Sheets. • • The border may be made either plain or ornamental, as bert tulU the iaite of the aecoantanti but we would recommend in this, as well as all butineu Htatementa. the utuioat ueatiieaa, and the ttroidauce of that kind of aUreta. tion or display rulgaj'ljr known aa "gingerbread work." ■ xoi., - ■> ■ i Mi ^xla^M' I I ' % p£l {%} t i 1 • 1 iJ \ 1 • 1 . -R 8 i i i, ;*-.,___ • 1 ; §P:fe:3i * " i i 1 ■ 9 ::::::::: S • s #1 J : 1 : : : : i ^ • i ::::::::: 4S ?. II M ^ ^IrH {f i ei II • lA • • • « • SSS8 : : :S I I 31! fit: . "> '^"-' 'SSt I LMIif».\ i I • • • •sfifr I • 00 euMSBi' JS 1 n s 102 "''^t^a'4«ft!^ ■\ , ■ ■,■• S 6 « 1 o H H <^ • s • s 1 -'3 1" S s rs"'.":^g . ;$: -'sas' .«»•» . 00 11 'X^S': is • !-• iH nm LIWc II IH 1-1 r« ft o« 91 eo to *IOlOlO»t.t- «-».<«><«>• 00 CD i , ... . • . • •§•3 •r.S ^ • ' • _ • . £ » 105 t" n •»•■ lie ' -( ' I- 'y «!, 1 11 I: I m 115 >: I Ij: I Hi ill ill-- • AUXILIARIES. AUXILIARIES TO SET ly. We give horewith a few of the auxiliary booka a,.d documenta which would be proper ill connection with the transactions of Set iV. ^ '^ We have ai.ca.ly renmrkcd that " lh« nun.bor and character of auxiliary book, depend !wn ti? m"Y, '" T "."""T '""" "'" "'"'•" -^^''^^^^y exhibit the lucidnes. of L .wn thoughts than by such ;ncthodical arrangeu.cnt of the separate facU embr«>ed I hi. .•ansact.on. as are afforded in auxiliary forn.s. Jl.e only obj^tion tliat can ^ry t urged agan.st a n.ult.plicity of auxiliary books is the additional labor requirS; ZZl^ esubl.shn.enu eve., th.s objectio.. is ren.oved by the use of special book.L fo .rl JZ charactcr.st.cpo.-t.onsof origi..alenl.ics; thus, all transactions involving the ^LrrZ bursementofcas are entered alon,i.. the Cash Book, a..d posted from Lt boTd'rJlyt he Ledger .. the same manner, all .sales of ...ercl.a..dise are f.rst entered ^ poItlZ the Sales Hook, etc. This n.cth.M we shall h.,.-c.rter briefly illustrate. ^^ We have already given, in connectio., with the preceding ScLYIW i one form of > Rnm. m.ss.o.. Sale. Book. ,t is the form cdmmo.ily in use, and is^appiViig" ti : of L^ of the business. In this connection we give a diilerent form, djrdijg tSsp..ial cormm •Bo<^ ardTlIouTs r' "' ^'7""'''°""'-' -^ '^^ -' P-*. .hownU'in tlTZ^ Dook ana the Account Sales are made U» correspond therewith We also give a brief exposition of the books containing our/Bank Account, and the usual Tl,« KltcM md note .re no. submittal M aWlul. mM. in th«ir «.»/ It >™uU in &cl b. „ d,fSc„lt ,„ .ir„^ . ,„„<,.| of . ,,..i„^ lottery,,,, „„ ,„„ .„ J , .3"'^' '"^^^ for ever, one to .„;,,_,, It woold form ,rti»t to proJuco a e«l of rw.l. ,1 , '7"^ .o„lde.„,i0.rperr..t. And tk.t d„. of H„,„™/.,,„to: ^.i^r , i ' .' Z;;^"? tag a the «,„*„., a. .-.11 as Mi..,, for their generation, forni.hing to ilTd "tZ etu^ ;2:'e"rp:rrt,:?:r:;::c'''"''*^''""-""-'»""^ family. All proper busines. ILrs. t rT^wm Ifl^^ S^^^^ >f reared in the same We will enumerate a few of thewi point. • o y— may oe given. AUXILIARIES, ^ rBther, by a " vrell written" document, one which, In its general appoaranoe, aa well aa Ufon closer iimpt'ution, will nt once eoninkund itaelf to the reader^* Neatness and legibility are the chief rcqulBitc^hia hand- writing. Second. The graniiniiticul conslructioii should be faultless; and, above all, no document shouUt be d'lKjiijured with nii.sspellud words. Third. The subject matter should be immediately apparent, stated without circumlocution, and ui tiTiim not to be misconstrued. One important characteristic in a business document is brevity ; but brevity should never be secured at the cost of perspicuity. The briefost are some, times the most ufmatisluftory of communications, and an alTectation of brevity is as repreheu- sibiejas an unQi-ccssury display of words. The rule on this point should be, to speak plainly and direc»'y upon the topics discussed, avoiding unntccssqry repetitions, and leaving no part nf the instruction or information to be guessed at or inferred. There are other points whieh wo might enumerate, but they are all subordinate to the three abovc-nftmed ; besides, there is little fea^ that any one will be proficient in these, and deficient in the others. We cannot too strongly urge upon young men looking forward to a life of usefidness and honor, the importance of this department of their edwtation, as t|iere is ncitjualification which will nu»ro surely commend one to Uie favor of an employer than profici«incy in Business Cor- respondence. . It is scarcely possible, in a treatise of these dimensions, to give, in detail, all the docu- ments and forms which would enter into actual transi^lo business houses use the same forms. If this argument proves any thing, it proves iW much, as it would also render futile, knowledge acquii'ed in the counting-room, as well as in the '^ school- room, and the private studio. The fact is, difierent /orms are but the diiTerent methods of expressing the same great truths, and are to be estimated according to the degree of ex- plicitness with which they announce these truths. An accountant, possessed of the least originality or energy, will be better able to proscnba nis own fornis than any person unacipiainted with all the details of his particular business, however w«ll versed in any other specialty of the science. Q t 106 COMMISSION 1S50 Api.\ 3 Iv^dse. Co. A. To Logan, \yil«on> Co. Reoelvea from L W. 4 Co.. PItUburgh. to b. uAA j>u our joint % aiid riak fch i 800 Vega Nails, @ |3 12400 I ^"h Paid frelgiit • " Storage and Adver. Our clmr^H ''"••. " CoinmiHsion SiJtonfiTOO. . [ ' ' " Logan, Wilwm & Co. Their i, net gain . ...'.'**'' * * LoiM and Gain /•/'rrorn fir&i^U-t Our " « M ■ Acooant Sales rendered Apnl «.. L. W. 4 Ca's net proceeds, %iniM. Due May. 2. 3800 100 10 lit {io 330 1 25 330 1 25 "4700 jji' V if :,^. I 1850 Is^dse. Oo. B. To Niles & Kinne / Recelred fron, N. 4 K.. BuflWo. to be sold on onr ' joint % and risli, each i, BOO bbls. FlW, @»8 . . Storage and Adver. Our charges ••••., " Commission 24j6on<4500 .' * .'.*.*''* ',' ' ^ " Niles & Kinne Their J net gain ...'.'.'."'''' " Lo^ and Gain Our » - u •••••••.. , 4000 20! 112 183 183 50 75 75 Lrni. rvrK tS'-r; Account Sales rendered April 8. M. 4 K.'s net proceeds, |4183.76. Due May 8 45001 iM:dse. Oo. O, 1859, Apr. 10 To Pliny Moore 13 " -S. G. Payn "Cash " Storage and Adver. " Commission " Pliny Moore •• S;-G. Payn " Loss and Gain Received' per Merchants' Line, from Pliny Moore, , Troy, to be Bold-on joint % of himself, a O, Payn, Albany, and ourselves, each J, 1000 bbls. Flour, @ 18.50 ... |8B0O , P. Moore and our J Invoice furnished by him , , Hie ^ invoice as above .... P«'^ J'«'<««>t ' I I ] ['■ Ourchai^gea . , , . , 2*56ontiooo ...!! ■.;;;; ; Hisjnetgmin His " " " Our" - — Krii rriPti'fti: Account Sales rendered April 13. P. Moore's net proceeds . . . S.G. Payn's" " Due May 14. SfSGO 2833 200 30 250 340 340 340 TOO60, 07 t6006.6'7,j 8178.8SI 106 *.■■ ■ SALES BOOK. Apr. By Cftsh '* Bills ReoeiTable Balefi. Botd Wm. H. Woodbury, 1] 400 kegs NsiU @ t>BO • ! Sold Robert llnywood, on bU note @ tblrty d«y«. 80,000 Iba. Lead. @ » o. . . . .|1800: 400k«g*N«Ua, d M-T* • • ^ ^^^ 1400 ; 4 Sales. Apr, By Charles Stetson Sold Mm, @ thirty days, on %, 000 bbU Flour. ® $» . 8300 4700 4&00 4500 1859! AprA 13 By Bills Receivable ** Cub. Sales. Bold Warren p. spencer. lOOO'bblB.Flonr, @ 1X0.00 . . . $10,000, Receiyed hU note, @ forty day*, for ... . 7000 Balance in cask • • • • 3000 10000 107 » i 11- I is n COMMIgSIOJ^ --*i-ir -■.-.■a.-,::. ;- l^dse. OoAr). To Wm. K. Sadler Eftst River Boiik Cliiirgvs C<>m mission ' Wm. K.SwIIer Lous and Gain Z.*t0.d. Received from W.K. 8., Philwlclj.hl., to on our joint %, each t, . 100 bbl». Cider VlneKBr, @ l!7. . 60 do LioflcedOil, © |I40 ' 40 h'f lieg. Wliite U*i, e wld, 1700 ' 2000 I _j20 ' $2820 ' 1410 50 50 ' 7H 1471 01 -== Account SoJen rendered Maj 8d. W. K. S.'d net procecdi), $ 1 47 1. Due hy equation, June 20. 8120 I 1869 May ' 6 _^fe on fT-VlO j UU i invoice «200.), and ne"t gain' i^m.U [ ', ,j Iheir i invoice $2000, and not gain $234 17 Ourinetgain \ ' *"• V 2000 500 50 187 50 2-254 l«i 22.>t 17 2.54 17 Account Sales rendered May 8. Campbell A Strong's « « 0264 117 Due %y equation, iiay a. :! 7500 ■1859: -, ■ JfayllO To"*n. D. Van Syckel IvCdso. Co. F". 'h! .11 y ■ -i- li ■! East River Bank Charges Commission H. D. Van Syckel Received from H. D. V. 8., St. Louia. to tn, «,id 00 our joint % each J, ^P^dfViglper'eck : ! '. ! ^ ' ' ^^^ "Storage, cooperage. «to. . . * * • • • 2*%on$6760. ... , [ ' ' ' ' ' Hi« i invoice $3600. less hii net low' $^84.88 .* V/.-Account Sales rendered May 14. - ?• °: ^'° '^yfcel'" net proceeda ^Doe by equaUon. May 16. -tSOlMS- 8500 500 50 168 3015 75 62 hh- ''^itj&^^^^jSsir^^s^Jl^^l^iS^* t SALES BOOK. Sales. 1851) Miy 3 By Cash 9ol Dotmlt, prr their Qrder, 61) l>l>l«. UattmX Oil. C4 t^B . . . , |23S0 r «U irr k.CK* White Lead. @ |S . . i Paynble tX lUty (Ujn 120 750 2370 «-.— -A ■ V 8120 ■f f 1850 May S I By Bills Receivable ! " Interest I " Cash Sales. I Sold Wm. A. I)[onoy,Fort Edwkrd, 100 hhda. Siigsr, @ tIS Received in payment > note against Erastna Contlng for ......... . Intereat doe on eame to dat<| For balance - . . . 500O 1'23 2370 47 . 53 I 7600 Sales. ------if---^'- ^p^9 May « 1 14 17 • By Caiih Sold E. A. Charlton, 6()0 hbla. Pork, (§ «9.BQ . . ... "Cash - Sold Theron W. Wooldon, !2fiO bbla. Lard, 60,000 Ita., @ 4 & . ** Loss and Gain * OurnetloM. ...... ., . 1 1 J475O I'/OOO ! 484 ■■■:■■! n ii • ! - ^ ■ - ._II_ _ .— 4»rf 1 - ^ • * 109 ACCOUNTS SALE8,— SET IV. Aooount 8al«« of { aoSoS lbJI'I!!!!^*' ( on Joint <% of Logan, WUmou Ik Co., and ootmItm^ •aoh i. Apr. -,*:jUL,=-T-~f •- Sold for Quh, 4()0 keg« Nallti 9 #3.50 . . . , i Sold Jl. liar wood, on his note (g) 30 days, 20,000 Iba. Lead, O cwnU $1800 400 kegt Naila, « laiftv 1500 Vkiirgf$, 'I 1400 I 8800 4700 Paid Ouh for Freight . , i .- «i ; . 100 Storage and Adrertlsing 10 Commisaion, .2^ % on 14700 117.60 Our i net gain on Salea ............ 330.25 Logan, Wilaon di Co.'8 net prooeMa *?1 4130 2L 35 Invoioe, 800 kega Naila, d (3 2400 20,000lb8. Lead, @ 7 oenU . . . 1400 E. K. i net gain Net proceeds at above .880.25 14136.25 Due by Equation, May 2. New York, ^^/ 6, 1859. BRYANT & STRATTON, per Packard. I I- ! Account Salei of 500 Bbla. Flonr on Joint % of Nilei & Kinne and ounelvet, each i. 1850 Apr. 8 Sold Charles Stetson ® 30 days, on %, 600 bbls. Flour, (8 $9 . . . 4500 ■» I ■ I «• i 8' i -i - Charges. Storage and Advertising . #20 Commission, 2^ % on H500 112.50 Ourinetgain 188.76 816 I 25 lU E. Invoice, 600 bbls. Flour, ® 18 . . . .4000 i net gain 183.75'! Net prooeeda as above .... _t4183.75|| 4188 i 76 Due by Equation, May 6. N«w York, April 8, 1859. BRYANT it STRATTON, per Paekant, 110 - A^ki^ i Lii AOCOUNTU 8ALE8,~8ET IV. 8al«i of 1000 bbLi. Flour, on Joint * of Pliny 'Moom, Troy, 8. O. Payn, Albany, and outmIvm, aaoh |. IBaO Apr. 1 18 1 Sold WRrron P. Sponoor, |i i 10(K> M.U. Kl.mr, « «I0 lOOOQ Cwh, »3000— Note on $3120 . . , ! I Our i net gain W. K. Sadler's net proceeds In voice 100 bbls. Cider Vinegar, <8 $7 50 do Linseed (Jil, ® 40 40 h'f kegs White Lead, & $8 I I • •. • E K N«w York, JTay 8,' 1859. Netgtjn ^3k Net proceeds as ahove . 750 $2250 ' . 120 2370 8120 . 50 . 50 . 78 . 61 « . '. 700 . . 200O » . 120 2820 . . 61 . $2881 Due b/Hp^Qtion, June 20. . BRYANT 6i STRATTON, per Packard. 239 2881 ' A dapUeato of thii lUtement ii Mnt to a O. Tajn. ill . . r!iL^aL>«.^i(;' ■—% * **-gyi--af ay ■ ■ - i i n ijyj a^^?*^ l-f , i ACCOUNTS bALE8.-8ET IV. SalMof JTay 8 • 8 - '~ ■ ChargtM. 7500 • • . ." iPfild Froth! . st<.nv«, Xjv.rtWnp; „tV ; • • • • • .C«n,,Md, Strong.. „.,ep7..^„,;,,; ' juur } not gnin .... { *•• A. IJoylo dc a.', no't i,"rocoed,* . , 1500 tin ' iNrno I 22.VI.I7 \ -»M.I7 3VM& «4 y £ s I I j_^"3_^'nt, if«y\ isiitf. 'nvo,c«,OOhh.,..Sug„,«,flO. . . . ,,«^ . Jour and our I Invoice . . a.^^ lour I net gnin . 4000 •L>ue by E<|iiation, May 8. BUYANT & STnATTO.V. . I .^.. -. ... _ ielve.. each *. "^ '"• ®*' ^^' *^ «" Jfoy^,14 |Soldforo««h, " ^ -p-. 11 IHoId^fur cash, ' a-,. ' ^ i ; ^0«>UL,rd,5o,0001bs.,@4a . . . ' ' ' ' M ; . ~ ^ 'Chargti. '6 jPaW Freight . V Pf"rng« and Coopo'raxe * * .; JCoinniission 2^ % on #0756 .' .'.';• * . I "• O- Van Syckel'a net proceeds ." .' Invoice 500 bhia. Pork. (9 |9 230 do L«rd . • C750 ! 1500 50 i'JyJA 718.75 I- K K ^^31_'_53i_L iJ^liL. I I-®"" your i net loss . I Net proceeds as above I " . ■ ■ ■ • • • , i ^"c l>y Equation, May 16. _^N«ir yoR», May 17, I8$9. BRYANT & STRATTON. 11 -s^ 4500 (' Mm. !l 7000 '\ t«al§j^ t i >i^-. r~- iM&%tsis|f. 7500 INVOICE BOOK,— SET ivi OUTWARD INVOICE BOOK. Tui« Boo« oonUina ooplo« of Invoioea of mercharwllie ■hippml by ua, whether on our own Moount or that of the eonalgnoo, or oj ,«.«. % of both. Th«»o ra>|)i(« arc ummlly tiik«>a with • oopyliig pn'M, and nm. thtTtforn, exact /aetimiUi of thtt llivulcua aunt. Tho furiiia h«v« given ftre thoae inuat oommonly la use. Invoke of MerohandiM Shipped by Bryant &. Stratton, to bo told on Joint % of Miles * KlwM, Buffalo, and tbemaelvaa, aaoti | aO hhda. Sugar, 24000 Iba., (9 ft a |1200 100 boga Coffew, 1^000 Iba., a 10 & . UOO 10 boxea Raialna, « |3 40O 2900 — ChargtK . Insurance i « on (1.1000 T '^ 2016 BUYANT a« 8TRA1TON, ' New YoBK, J/by 6, 1859. Invoice of Mdse. thlpped S. O. Payn, Albany, by Bryant &, Stratton, to be Bold on Joint % of 8. O. Payn, PUny Moore, and themaelvea, eaoh ^ 30 hhda. Sugar, 30,000 lbs., @ OJ c . — — Charges. . • . . Freight on aame 1050 60 3000 BRYANT dc STRATTON Niw YoKK, April 22, 18& ' fer Tdekttrd. ' i ' ■ ■ ■ ' .■V-«A ■■■■ ' • - ,. \ .9" - -.-■ . . ■ . ■ , ' ■ ■ ) r- ■ 118 •' ■ ; ■ ■ • ■. ■■ r; — - ■ ;■'■■; -I ■-.-7- — t^ ^SsfAj^i^ifs^ad.-.,ikis ^W;. -i •^ INT^IOE B00K,-8ET IT. imrolo. «r MTolundi^ Alpp^R. W. Bcdl^, Pkil.4.IpliU, to b. «m ».. - _^ <» jotot j», ••oil J. j^i 900 bbla. If M Pork, • |» PM Dmjragc »)UryMk Ntw Yq|k, JToy 8, 1850. BRYANT it STRATTON, p«r fliikard. favolw Of MMxJundl., dilpp^ B*«»na.B*M»4 0o, M p««4.|j ort« o o Mbbk Linked oil. al46 i^M 40h'fk.«,WhlteL«d,a|3 WO P*y«ble « •I^iCy* ' ^ BRYANT it STRATTON, NiwjroBE, ATay 8, 18A0. ^ P^t^rA Kimsr tt IIiwoi, CineinnaH, Xnvolo* of Toa. ife«^Ai(/8TirHiir V. Auio & Co. V- m- TOE BOO|f,~BET 1?. TWvw ui 51« 871 408 8» 4ftt 49S ft4a «M S91 SU 918 an ST'i 4ia 415 436 M9 INVO itnw GkMida.* JONK CUlDWItl A Co. / • lloatkt._ KoU to y*cl«...... Cbteli \\ •nno »M MO IWMO East Pbivex 18S> j i I ' lO^. I I i ^J^M^y j lOOOO i! •• I as ' 'i^.7'3i j«5 ' " I 6 \'^4ttla^.i I 500 " ! 10 , ,"'3' i»5 «2;«6«^©fJ,7| 46s7'jo ! .- !. •• 21 'J473 75 " i'3j ■ ■ I /i • i ■ i : . . ■ I .! ^nr '^^ Banlc. •i No. 1. ; I f O^fu-y 25. '859- 9^ *J- 200 968 75 • No. 4. JVo. 5. 0^6. 50 150 fOO CHECK-BOOK. Jir». 1. .< Nw) For*, a^U/25, 1859. EAST KlVZa BAUK, Pay to ^ JS9. Mtymmt. or Bearer^ $200. JStymmt ^ ^timOem. No.VL. Ntv> York, ©^u#/ 25, 1839. , "^ EAST RIVER RAIIK, ^ Pa^ to '^. ^cmtAt. or Beartr, G^,i^ SULUifd mU ^^.^^ -ffa Dollart. No 8. New TorJe, O^y 1) 1859. EAST RIVER BANK, Pay to f)^ ^ ^n44. or Bearer, ^^ -. VWj Do/fart, i No. A. New York, O^y h i^l9- ^Afft RIVER BANE, . Pay to .G4i»f ^otX Sf&uUU. or Bearer, Sm» SiSmdudmmd S^.fy -^ DoUoXt, $150. jStym^ ^ (S'll^mUom. No. 5. New York, oSy 6, 1859. EAST RIVER BAME, Pay to *^^*4i»m Q^UMtu/ieUaUm ^ or Bearer, <^;^ S^SmJit^ ' . -fhDoOar*, ..I J - No. New York, 18 EAST RIVER BANE, p-y to — Of Bearer, ^DoUare. ' • \ -1 117 / / NOTES, DRAFTS, KTO SET IV. NOTES, DRAFTS, ETC.,— SET lY. .■#;, ^, , ;,, , •8300. HoDoivablo. Jinw Yon, April 9, ies». Thirty days after dat«, for viJue received, I promise to pay Bryant 6t ^tratton, or order, Thirty-three Hundred Dollars, at the £aat Biver Banlc , ' RoBun Hatwooo. •*<^' AhBUfr, January l^iS^^ One day after date, I promise to pay to William A. HoUey, at the Bank of th|-C«^oi Five Thousand Dollars, value received. EhABTUS CORNIRO. •*0^- NirtrYoEkl»^/>n7 9, 1859. Thirty days after date, I promise to pay to the ordw of Bryant & Stratton, at my office, No. 79 Cedar street, One Thousand Dollars, value received. AnsTiK Packard. *'^^^- BvnjkLOi April \8, \SS». Forty days from date,,! promise to pay Bryant & Strattwi, or order, at the International Bank of Bufialo, Seven Thousand Dollars, value received. Warbxh p. Spkvokb. •*»00- Payable. N«w York, J^rt7 6, 1859. For value received, ninety days from date, we promise to pay to the order of Acker, Merrall & Co., Twenty-nine Hundred Dollars, at the East River Bank. Brtaht it Strattok. *50W. N«w York, ^;»r*7 12, 1859. - Nbety days from date, we promise tp pay Daniel Drew, or order. Five Thousand DoUan^. value received. Brtaht & Strattov. $4136^. ^^ PmsBURO, ^pr«7 7, 1859. At thirty days siriill^ pay to the order of Geo. K, Chase & Co., at their Banking House, 13 Cooper Instit^t^ Fojjjr-one Hundred Thirty-six ^, Dollars, value received, and charge to account of , 'I > Looah, Whsoh & Co. To Brytjiit «^ yfrg/ton, New Tori. ■ 'V 1 lis W ■«?'• NOTES, DRAFTS, ETC.— SET IV. 18900. |S 4^ Nbw York, May 18, 186lf, yuu •' — ' " . At ten d.Ti atghl Wfti^'the order of George A. Crocker TWrty -nine Hundred Dollars, aud ch.rgetoMOQ^A#* . Hop. & Co. To BrvM'jb J^lUm^ Ntw York. * ff . I2gg|^ .jj*)" " Philadklphia, Jfay 25, 1859. At thirty d.yt 4»>Vjf*y »<> *• «^«' "^ ^- McOann, Twenty-eight Hundred Eighty-on. Dollar*, at the, jMiUpffitan Bank, value received, and charge to account of 2V, Brya^it l^Uon, Ntro York. C? Wm. K. Sadiib. J LETTER BOOK. lleuri. Bryant it Stratum, PiTT8BUBO,^pn7 1./, 1859. JVm» For*; / GaMTiKMW :— As per our agreement of the 30th ult., we ship you this day, (Invoice enclosed), 800 kegs Nails and 20,000 lbs. Lead, to be sold on our joint %. We shall leave it entirely at your option to push them upon the market, or to await better prices. Your reputation and experience afford sufficient guarantee that whatever cour8a"Vou may bm fit to pursue will be the best. Very truly, yours, Looan, Wilson Si Co. Meiir: Bryant it Stratum, Buffalo, ^/»rt/ 2rf, 1850. JTew York: Gimtleiibr: — ^Enclosed you will find Invoice of 500 1)bl8. Flour, which we ship you this day on joint %. You will, perhaps, find it best to take advantage of the present demand in your city to close out the sales at an early day. However, we leave that matter to your own good judgment Please keep us advised as to the indicati(ma. Yours, NiLXS dt KlItHI. Logan^WibonitCo., ' 'Hxw Yo*m, April m, 1859. Pittabury ; • Gbntlihih :— We endose you Account Sales of the Nails and Lead, shipped lis on the 1st inst. Your net gain, as shown, is $336.23. We think the present a fevorable time for this class of sales, and shaU be happy to join you in any reasonable Let US hear firoiln you soon. .. Respectfully, Bryant & Stratton. -. ^ — — T-m — — ^ Ai ^ I ''^^■' 1 1 ' I ll 1 N«w Yo«i, April 7th, 1859. , LETTER BOOK. Main, Niln 4 Kinnt, Buffalo: GiHTLEiiBif :— You will please find, enclosed, Invoice of 20 hhds. Sugai; 100 bags Coffee, and 100 boxes lUiains, to be sold, as per our agreement, on joint %, We have an excellent opportunity, in prospect, of purchasing, to advantage, in this line, and shall be happy to learn from you Uutt the dofoand wUl warrant a fair investment We await your fartl)it>r advices. ' " ' Respectfully, „ I BaTAMj it Strattoh. Nbw Yobk, April 8rt, 1860. Mea«r». Nilu tt Kinne, ♦ Buffalo: Gknts :*-Enclo8ed please find Account Sales of tlje Flour shipped us on the ed iTist We feel satisfied with the returns, particularly as since o6^r sales were bJBected, prices have materially declined. ITie uncertainty of European afiairs renders the provision market extr»,mely unstable, and all prognostications, at this Ume, unreliable. We liave no doubt, however, that the ultimate tendency will be favorable to investments, and do not hesi- tate to advise you to secure any good bargaint which the present seembg depression may throw inrourway. ' Truly, yours, - Bbtant & Stbattok. Trot, April \Oth, 1859. Mettrt. Bryant d; Stratton, New York: ^ : , __ ^ ,, Gbitts:— I ship you to^y, as per Invoice enclosed, 1000 bbis Flour, to be sold on joint % of yourselves, S. G. Payn, Albany, and myself, each one-thinl. You will please open an account with Mr. Payn, and render hini an Aooounf Sales of Us one- third, as per our agreement. I have charged you for your one-third invoice. PleaseJi«ep me advised. ^ y^^^^^ " Punt Moobr. Nrw York, April 13. 120 LETTER BOOK.^ Mittri. Bryant n7 22, 1859. Albany: , Sir — We ship you this day, per Merchants' Line, 80 hhds. Sugar as per (Bndosed Invoice, to be sold on joint % of yourself, Pliny Moore, Troy, and ourselves, each \. We have advised Mr. Moore, and he will look to y«vi for an account of the sales. Please write to ua. Truly yours, Brtaht 6i Sthatiok. Pliny Moore, Nkw York, ^W 22, 1850. Troy: Dbar SiR-^We enclose you Invoice of 30 hhds. Sugar, shipped this day to S. G. Payn, Albany, to be sold on joint % as per arrangement. We have charged you with -four \ Invoice, and advised ilr. Payn to account to you f<>r the sales. ( '- ' , Very respectfully, \ - Bryant & StrattoNj^ Meetrt. Bryant Jt Stratum, M Aibakt, -.4i>«7 29, 1859. JVw York: * Gkntlkmkn— I send you enclosed an account of the sale? of Sugar shipped by you On the 22d inst. Your \ loss on sales, as per statement, is $115, which reduces your net proceeds to f 1218.34. ,1 regret^ the result, bufhave done the best I could, undei the circumstances. The rapid decline in Sugar could not have been foreseen, and hod I delayed the sales another day, the Xesult would'-Bftve been far less satisfactory. > Respectfully yours, «l ♦ S. G. Pats. ■ -l ■ ' , - — . . Meitri. Bryant tk-Stratton, Philadelphia, April 30, 1859. New York: Gknts.^ — I ship you this day, as per arrangement, 100 bbls. Cider Vinegar, 50 do. Linseed Oil^Bud 40 h'f kegs White Lead, to be sold on jc^int %. I have ohArged you i the -enclosed invoice, according to agreement. Please exercise your own judg ment in the matter of sales. Respectfully yours, Wm. K. Sadlkr. R. W.Hoadley, E»q., ' Nrw York, J/by 2, 1859. Philadelphia ; j Dkar Sir— We endose you Invoice of 200 bbls. Pork, shipped you this day, to be sold on our joint %. Your J Invoice (charged) is $909. We shall trust entirely t(vyour judgment in effecting sales,. Truly yours. Brtamt & StrattokT ^- / / i2i / LETTER BOOK. w Niw YoBK, JAiy S, 1859. SaHM, BtoMir it Cb., Jktroit} Qiim. — Enclo^ we rniA you Invoice of Oil and Lead, shipped you this day, as per your order of the 28th ult We pomeas extraordinary fiusilitiea for pur. chasing to advantage in this line, and shall be happy to merit your patronage. We.tnist wa need not assure you that your orders shall receive the mpst prompt attention. , Your ob't serv'ts, ■ -i ^ Bbtamt dt Stbattos New York, J/ay^S, 185». Wm. IT. Sadler, £»q., » Philadelphia: ■ ' DtAR Sir— We enclose you Account Sales of Vinegar, OU and Lead shipped us on the 1st Inst. We thinic we were fortunate in efll-cting the sales, and have no doubt, hi the present state of the marltet, that, should you invest pretty heavily at your for- mer figures you would not regret it. We will join you in any amoun^ or sell for you ot commission. Tfuly yours, • ' , •. ' - c? Bbtaki & Strattoh. Nkw Okmans, April 2&, 1850. Bryant d Stratton, ' . New York: G'HTWMEir— Your favor of the 18th is^just at hand. Your proposition for a special copartnership strilces us favprably, and we have, without delay, shipped you as per Invoice enclosed, 100 hhds; Sugar, to be sold on joint % of youiWves, Campbell A« Strong of' this city, and ourselves, each \. Campbell dt Strong are advised of the arrangement, and " you will please communicate with them. We send you their card, and beg to say that you*^ w*n find them, hi aU respects, firstclass business men. Your references are unexceptionable, ' m It ihall not be our fault if our mutual interesto cease with this experiment You will please exercise your own judgmei^t in conjjucting sales, and have no delicacy in indicating how we may be of i^ervioe to you in (iny dkection. We are, ^ With much respect, Yours, .! . ' F. A. Boru di Co. St. Lovib, May 1, 1859. Meura. Bryant «k StraUon, . V. <5ehtlkiikn— Your Mr. Stratton called on me DWay, and eflected arrangements for a special partnership in the purchase and sale of provisions. I have fo^ merly consigned on mTy own account to John J. Cape of your city, but shall be glad to join b^i°u,"^rf°^ I hav* accordingly shipped, as per enclosed Invoice, 500 bbls Pork, and 200 bbb. of Lard, one-half of which 1 have charged to y our account , Hoping that the result of this small adventure may be Such as to encourage a more ex- tensive and permanent arrangement, I Bm; to subscribe myself; , ^ • N^ Very truly youiV _ ^~^- ^ ^~" "1- 11. D. Van Svomu ■"..■■• • t 1 .-♦- 1 ' "-i ,r~ 122' %^ ^if^ ^s&. LETTER BOOK. F. A, BoyU d Co., '" N»w Yo«k, JTay 8, 1859. Ntw OrliaiM: * GiNtLiMBif— We enclofle you Aooount 8«1m of the Sugsr lUpped uftn the 2flth ult There can be no trouble in diappeing of audi a grade! at flilr ratea, and, If ac oeptable to you, we ahould like ^e wperidUsut and iW of a much larger Invoice. ' ' .si . Very truly youra, > < Bbtaiit it St&attov. Mt-rt Bryant Jk StratUM, Dbteoit, JTay 18, 185». Nnt York: Gmtlbhkk — ^We send you enclosed Aooount Salea of the Oil and Lead, shipped ua the 8d Inst Your net proeeeds, aa per statement, has been carried to your i^,^w Respectfully youra, Hahma, Bbabkh dt Co. o-edit. ■ #;■ ; , ;-^ - ■■: ■■ ■- H. D. Van Syektl, ^ - New York, Jfay 17, 1859. St. Louii: Dear Sib — ^Enclosed please find Account Sales of the Pork and Laid shipped us on the Ist inst The result has been, greatly to our regret, unfavorable, but we cannot Attribute it to any fault of our own. Had we had, from indications, any reason to expect a more favorable turn df the market, we should, of course, have held on; but we chose to secure both ourselves and you against a greater sacrifice, by submitting to a lesser. You will aee firom the present quotations that we did not err in judgment Yours to command, Brtant & Stbattoit. . ifmn. Bryant it Stratton, PhilabblphIa, ifay 84, 1859. Ifem York: ■ . , . Gbmts. — I send you enclosed Aooonnt Sales of the Pork ablpp«td me on the 2d inst Hoping you will find the result satisfactory, I remain, Youn truly. B. W. HoAbUT. . GENERAL LETTER OF INTRODUCTION. . .BBTAirr. Stbattoii A PaAaao's HnoAanLS CoIUal^) To Whom it may Concern : ' w CoorB* Iiwmott, Ntw Yom», ifay «, 1809. J • The bearer, Mr. John F. Simmons, is well known to us as a most estimabl^young man, and one possessing qualifications which will render him serviceable in any position of trust He is a thorough accountant, and unusually expert andoorrect in cal. oulationa. We have- no hesitation in recommending him to tiie public. _^_ Very respectfiilly, 8. 8. PACKJkROt Betident Principal, ■ ' ■ ■ • 128. , . ■■■ I EXERCISES FOR THE LEAKNER—FOURTH SERIES. EXERCISES FOR THE LEARNER. FOURTH SERIEa '' In the (bUowIng tranuotlont we h«ve endeavored to preMnt the prominent feature, of th« preceding Set, leaving the .tudent to apply the principle, without any .pecial In.truotion l-he two month. busincM will represent tw.) year.' a. in Set IV., bringing down the balance* at the end of the fir.t year and cluing finally by Journal entrioa A. in Set IV alw the two method, of keeping Md.e. Co. Aooounu are repre^nted, to which the attoatioa of tb« .tudent i. particularly called, ., \ ' '■- •■.■■■ ■ '■• ..'■,. Memonuida for AprlL April t. J.IT.Goldiimith"a^. . , 1* •>»▼• »•»'• d»y entered Into oo-partqor.hip. wch inv^tmg $8000 Ca.h. The firm ««ume. to pay for J. H. Gold.mith, a note in favor of H. W. Ellsworth, dated Jan. 15, with intereat @ 6 Jlfrom date; face of note $300: Intereat due to date, $3.76: ^ «. Paid Cash for Store Fixture.; $1500. and for rent, .1, month, in advance $750. 2. Bo't of Il.G. Reey* & Co.,8 bag. RioColfee, 1280lb^,@ 10 a; 6 che,U Young. Hywn Tea, 2«7 11.*, ® 65 it ; 10 boxe. V4rglnU Tobacco, 850 lb*, @ 40 o. Ac oepted their draft, ® 60 day^ favor of Cha.. Strong, ibr the amount 4. Received from .)!!l!n ^w!' ^^^"^ ^ ^ "«'«^ «" »"'» wd.our joint %, each J, 600 bbl.. Flour, ® $8 ; 1000 budi Wheat, @ $1.50 ; paid freight on «me, in cadi, $400. fl5. Received from D. L. 7'^LuT^C^^ BoWoo^ joint 56 of himself, J. Wal%, Scj^necUdy, and ourselve., each i. 1000 bbl,., J-ullan Mills" +1our,^f8.50; paid- Freight, in cash, $100. «. Sold W II Beebe^ for iwh, 1^000 bush. Wheat, (Mdw. Co. A. Atwater'i Consignment,) @ $1.83. ' T." Sold J. W. Lusk. oii %, @ 60 aaysj 2 chesw Young Hy«,n Tea, 100 lb.., Iv.h1 Accunt Halo fVoin John II. Ponn, Ore..n Hay, of th« MAm. •hipped Mm on the 8th iimt. Our i n«t RMn, I2.V). SO. I{«c»ld on joint % of himnelf, N. C. Winslow, and ourselves, each J, 1000 bb Is. Flour, Invoiced 17 ; paid Transportation charge, per check, 1450. Our \ invoice, $2333.33. 10. Paid Jame. Atwater in full of % per check, • 19. Sold Chns. E. Carryl 10 piece. Cnselmere, 750 yds, & t2.b0. Received In payment Jamea Hill's Note, doted Jan. 1, 1859, with Interest at 7 Jt from date, 11500. Interest on same to date, 138.21. Cash for balance, I . Itf. Sold W. I]|. Clark for cosh, 1000 bbls. Flour, (Mdse. Co. D.), @ 18.60. Closed Mdw. Co. D, and rendered II. B. Tuttle and N. C. Winslow each an account of the sales. Our charges for Storage, Advertising, etc., 1150; our Commission 2^ !* on sales, I . H. B. Tuttle's net proceeds, ♦2502.50 ; N. C. Wins- low's, $2502.50; our net gain, $229.17. 16. Rcnjitted H. B. Tuttle cash In f^iU of %, $; deposited in Efenk $9000, 1 7. Received cash of Stephen A. Douglas, in flill of %, $-;— Received cash of J- C. Br^llil, for his note of May 4th, due this day, $-— . 10. Paid our acceptance of the 0th Inst, favor of Acker, Merrall & Co., due this day, in cash, $ ^. 90. Received ,from T. W. Woolson, Mt. Pleasant, an Account Sales of the Mdse. shipped him the 8d iiist., to be sold on our joint %. Our net proceeds, remitted In cash, $4000. 9tS. Received from Chester* Packard, Milwaukee, an Account Sales of the Mdse. shipped him the 0th Inst, for % andtislTof himself, D. V. Bell, Chicago, and ourselves, each ^ Our net pro. oeeds $750. 98. Paid N. C. Winslow's draft on us, in full of his ^,-$— ; our draft on D. V. Bell, for $040*92 ; Cash for balance. $ . 30. Received Cash of R. C. Spencer, In full of %, $ ; paid John R Penn cash, in full of ^ , $^ ; paid P. L. Wing cash, in .f ■ full of 5K, 135 A i ui f- / EXEROIfiES FOR THE LEARNER. InTwntory of "ftoifmttf on hand, ApvU. 80. 4 ChetU of Young IIy«on Tem 300 Iba. (9 A3 o. 10 Box»« Virginltt ToImmxx), 8ft0 lb.., :^ SET V. JOBBING AND IMPORTING BUSINESS, ■mKAoma m pmiiioipii. MMn^ CASH BOOK, DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN INVOICE BOOKS SALES BOOK AND JOURNAL; *in> M AVAlUBHi, INVENTORY BOOK AND BILL BOOK, 4 MirnirB or TBAmAonom TACcif from om or mm moot sxruiaiTi boiixim Bonn n HEW TOBK. ♦ 4 HEM AUKS OS SET. V. '1 Jl •• -. UKMAUK8 ON SET V. , In the followlnfl art we tiAvn lllu.tratcd a prmctlc.I mtitliod of kfoping th« Mctidnu of an [rnportliig aiKl Jubl.lng l.u.ti,«M., llw |N»rtJ«ul.r ftatur* in thia lut cun.i.u of tlu, •nannvr «iid form of oriKiiml Antrim, which an niada in acparaUi boura«nienta of raah from tNki CWi Book eto. In the prevlou. «,t. th.ae lKK,k. an r«pn^nte,J, biVlk^ar*. u«m1 only a. .u^lliarica, th. et.tr «a of the l>u.iniKK.k. without reference to them. Thia plan twin be evld-nt^ although ,K«K,Ml„g «,„i„ mcrit^ invoivL a large amount of unnmirjr labor, which would prove a great objection in e«t«n«lve hW The .,H,ci«l b.H,ka thcni- acivea, however are ao e^M-ntiul to every well-rcgulaU^d b^ibieaa, that they would receive nm "'?. V ?'^- "'■ *'•'• '^'"""""' '•'*"'• ' ""• »*'«T'»™. '^yy ««" »>• "•«•« without «ldi lonal laUr, and even at a reduction of .^.bor, it wouldUm Lt no fi,rlher argun.ent would be neodi-d to aocgre their ad»>ption. * * \ Tl.e only^difticulty in the way o^ uaing ,p«p|al hooka T^jr original ehtrioa Ilea in the danRei of mailing the^entrie. in the dlflWent b.H>k. oonnict with each other upon the Ledger. For example: if a Cu.h B.K.k i. ummVH should bo compeUmt to. .how all receipu and diabuu«. menu of cuah. Thi. pufpo*, i, y*ry vaaily efllctid by placing the re«,ipU on one aide, and i J nTIT^f *^" «'«^,r-the<>-.(rerence. of c«un.e. being, at any time, the amount on Jiand. But U. a doe. not ever the entire, utility of the C.«h Hook. At the «ime time that oaah received i. ent^n.! «p,„ thc;debi' aWe of the C.«h Book, the object or c«u«> /.r «A,>A 5t i. rtH^Mved n,ay adao be .t„t,Hl ; in which e««, a double entry I. effected, although but one •nmunt ahowm ,T |e aame principle wdl hold in entering-the di.UnwmenU of caah : aa, when CHh i. F«<«. the objc^ct or c«u.e for which it ia paid 1. properly c,prc«.ed. The appnlpnaU . c«pt.on for the debit aide of the Ca«n Bp.uale anvoOnU. It will thus be aecn that the debit aide of the.Coah Book eon- trnna the tred^U of all accounU pHuring cash ; and the credit aide, the debit, of all account, costing caxh. . ~w«in« disc that the debit aide of the Cash Book d«« to cash, while it .how,, in total, the Entire c.^' of merchandise, will also exhibit the separate credit, producing merchandise; and tfte Sale. Book which sustain, the «.me rcbitior to mcrchandi«5 that the credit ,ide of the Ca.h Book doea to ca.h, whde ,t ahow., in total, the proceed* of merchandise, exhibit, alao the aoparat, debit, produced by the wtles. The dlHiculty of whieh «,« hgy^ ' a poken will now be.appar ei arato^ ren*V nfflit aa, in every case in vol vmg any two of tjieae book., the tendency will be to debit Jd cm,» the aame aocounU <».c— effecting thua a dauhU entry not conten.platod by projector, of the 128 H^i ■X KEMAUKB ON SET V. •tImim, Mul m th« dnhll hIiU of thx (^h I> mitnr amIi fWiin mi/ uthur Ixiuli \'*> WmI tk« Minn thmiry will •|>|>ly with «N|ai»l fS>rr« tii that liivni th«i Involnn and Hiil«w Hook, U woultl prc<<'liiwh IkMtk la poat4Mi, thia amount will, t»f ' taUfMi b« inoludad In tha total caah dabit, and muat oonipriaa ona of tha oppoaltai, or oradlt antrlaa. 80 cajk would ib« dabltrd and mnrrhandiae omditnd both ti'tn tha Caah Book, Again, all aal«a of marohandiaa muat b« entered in th« 8al<«i llook, an ' wheii' entt'rttd the vMf Naponding debit — In this om«, omIi — muak alao b« axpraaaud. When the Balua Book Is poatad, the total (i>r whioh marchandlae la ore«jit«d will Include thla aniounl (alrtuwly entered •nd poattid IVont tha Caah Book), to correap)nd with which, and to i^ure the neouaaary con- dition of e^ual debits tnd credits, csah muat again be debited. According to this atnndard, therefore, In every oaae where infrchamliae la either bought or aold for caah, and the Cut ex preaaod through th«ae apecial bo«*ka, thia error of duplicating dobita and ortMlits would occur. To avoid this diffiinilty — the only one which stnnda In ths wiy of ofaMsifled original entriat — two niethoiia have been succuaaAilly uaed ; one of which plaoea the books upon an equality, uaing ** neutraliiing" acuounta fur the aMiflifiting entriea, and the other acknowledgua the su- prstnscy of soma ons or more books, to which, In all matters of conflict, the othera niu«t yield. To be more explicit : In the caae befbre instanood, " Caah Dr. To Mert^handiac." If the OmH Book and Salea Book wera upon an ^quality, the one claiming to furnish all caah cntriss for tha Ledger and the other all merchandise sales, It would ba lmpn)per to writs Cssb ss s Ledger title In the Sales Book or Merahandiae, In the Coah Book, for the reaaona adduced; but a neutraliiing account might be op^kied, to take the place of cash in the 8ales Book snd merohsadlse in the Cash Book, thus receiving a debit snd credit of the sams amount, which would, of course, canctdpit Suppose the morchandlao to be sold to A. for each : ^ \iu\ 8al«^ Bnok the entry wonlil be " A" I)r„ ind (n thiv Caah Book, " A" Cr. The result would bs Um siuna as if A had purahaaed on account, snd subsequently paid the amount m ossh, thus closing hb socount. But subpose we acknowledge the aupreinocy of the Caah , Book in all caaea where the two sc^eoHe^ed. When morchaniliMe is Hold for cash, the entry In the Owh Book will be "Owh Dr. To ^ervhandiso," both of which— the debit of cosh and the credit of merchsndiae — will go to the iWlxer fVom the Cash Book. The aame entry can be made in the SiAea Book, hut not poittJ. ^ For this purpoae a Bpcckl column may be used ^-•s In the following examples — which, at such times as tlie general result may need to b« shown, can t>e extended luto the other column, i>hich in the toul footing Will embrsce alt the sales. Xof the above methods li4s its %dvantages'; the I%tter, however, is generally preferred more brief and direct, 1|| not more in keitping with the spirit of the times. The Invoice Books, and the Sales Book which foUow, contain all purchases snd ssles of merchandise, with the conditions thereof. All sales and purchases nol tnadt for cath psas- fW>m these books to the Ledger ; ul others, fVom the Cosh Book, The- transactions of fJiis - s and most of the forma, are tuk^n from one of the largest Im poiting md Jobbing Hou ses n N e w lork, a nd m a y be reli e d upon a a em in ent l y pr ac ti ca l . > \ ial» .T \'i:v~:^- fiOUTINE AND EXPLANATIONS. ROirriKE AWD EXPLANATIONS. That the itadcnt may gat the 1bll adTUtage of thU Set, It wiU be neoenary that he pay itriet attentloa ^- to the roatloe of traiuaeUan aa tndicated below. Let him make the entriea in the dUTerent booke preelMl> In the order given. LH the Invoicee be oopied with care, and all the calculatlona and eztenslona made by hloualC It U thui alone that the deaign of the Set will be oarried out. The eXeroiaea connected wttc the foreign Invoice Book, Involving compound numbera, and reduotion of eurrenciek, are highly eeaeotlaL In reducing aterlihg to federal currency, we have taken t|>eCkiatom Honee atandard of HM to the £ aterilng. We have alto added to each foreign Invoice, the dntiea, lAtch being paid In eaah, are not extended with the Invoice, but poated from the Caab Book. In moat Importing houaea, the dutlee are not extended in the In voice Book, but only in jtha Caah Book. For atrong reaaona, we prefer the method here adopted, ' .'' BODTUfll TGB^ JWT. ' ■ ■ - ■■ " ^ ■ ■ I. The booka are opened, aa per flrat Jonma) entry. (Inventtiry Book oopied— Caah Book oommenecd with balance on hknd— Bill Book written up to ahow the notea, receivable and payable, a; lndlca«H In Journal •ntry.). ; , .Bonghi of C. F. Spalding, on note @ 4 montha. Invoice of Sheeting, |6S3.S7, (Dom. ., B.— B. B.) . . . .Received per ateamel Edinburgh, Invoiee of Jaooneta from a B. Higgina A Co., tl,2fi2.B5 ; Paid dntiea In ca»h. $300 «1, . L B.-0. B.). .P«ld derk Mm iit.«ih, $88. (a B.) ST. Sold MdM. for OMh. u pw Petty CMh Book, tSf 8, (a B.) VS. Sold S^ 0. PMkwd, Cry«tal Ijikt, WU.. on hUnoU Q 8 moothit Inroloa of Gooda, |17L 04. (& B «•. Pdd D. V. Ben. on priT«te %. tlTB, (0. B.) M. Sold IfdM. M per Petty CMh Book. •88„(C; a) SI. Seoelved OMh of R. Itarker, la fiiU of )(, tlOOa '^ ;. rotttxhb for auovst. of Qoodi. tU818», .B.), Bold HdM. fff,tlMl,(0.a— B.B.) , B.— B. B.) , |4V.eO, (0. B.) 1763.87,(8.6— B.B,) 1. Sold p. a * B. d Wright. Lookport, 5. T., on their note ® 8 months, InTol a B.— a a). . . .P^ad CMh for Orayage and Porten«e, |X7.B0, (a a) «. Lent J. H. Tobitt, |600. (C. a) " 8. Sold a fL Cttulkina, Pelamre, O.. for CMh, InToloe of Prjint^ tf>0.88, (S. E- •• per Petty CMh Book, 189.27. (C. a) . a. Discounted our Note, fayor of Geo. A. Croeker; face of note f 1428. Dtacount i . . . .Sold D. a Hoadley, Berlin, 0., on bU note @ 8 mo*, Invoice of Oooda. |ft27, (S O. 0. a A a U Wright's note discounted; face of noite, tl432.89. Discount) '' T. Sold Mdse. m per Petty Cwh Book, f 160, (C. a) 8. Sold J. D. Hlnde A Ca, Cincinnati, on their note @ 8 months. Invoice of Md 10. ReoeWed pw steamer Australia, from Wm. Thornton 4 Co., Bradford, Invoice of Goods, (1464^64. Duties paid In caah, |278.88, (For. L a— C B.) Sold Oea A. Crocker, Rochester, for cash. Invoice of Printa, 1918.76, (S. a— C a). . .- . .Bought of Wilson G. Hunt, on our note @ 8 ^lontba, Invoice of Cloths, 9708.40, (D. L B'— a B.) la. Sold Mdse m per Petty CMh Book, 1818.60, (C. B.). . . .Paid CMh for Drayage, flOO. (0. a) IS. Sold W. H. Woodbury, Chicago, lU., on his note @ 8 months. Invoice of Go<^ |908.29, (a B.— a a). . . .Pidd J. a Bryant cash on private ^, tI60. IT. Sold 0. C Jones, Peoria, III, mi his note @ 6 months. Invoice of Goods, (948.94, (6. E— a a). . . Sold Mdse. M per Petty CMh Book, 1876, (C. a) ' 90. Received per steamer Lebanon, from J. Mnlr 4 Sons. Manchester, Involoe of Goods. (188.88. Paid duties In eaah, (46.87, (For. L B— C. a). . .AHight of Arnold 4 ConsUb^ on our note @ 8 months. Invoice of aoths, (1926.14, (Dom. L a— a a) .Bought of drinnell 4 Mlntum, for CMh, Invoice of Good^ (1492.68, (Dom. L a— C. B.) Sold Paul RoberU, Buffalo, for CMh, Invoice of Goods, (988.40, (a a-*>a a) 98. 6M Mdse. m per Petty CMh Book, (176, (C. B.) 9i. Sold M. Tompkins 4 Ca, Lanlle, IIL, for cMh. Invoice of Gloves, (480. TtX a a— 0. %) CO. JoneV note discounted; face of note. (946.94. Discount off. (82.19. (C. B.). . . .Paid Portage, Porterage, etc. In cash, (18, (C. a). . . . .Sold C. J. Dietrich, BellefonUlne, Ind., on his note @ 8 months. Invoice of Goods, (402.60, ta a— a a). . .Sold Baldwin 4 Ca'cievefand, on their note @ 8 months. Invoice of Prints, (717.47, (aa— aa) St. Sold Ubsdell Flerson 4 Cik, St Louis, on their note @ 8 months. Invoice of Mixtures, (880S.71, (aa-c.a) ■ ' 98. Sold Raymond 4 Co., Cleveland, on 8 months note, Tnvotoe of Goods, (641.78, (a a— a B.) 80. Sold JonM Stratton, Amherst, O., on notA @ 8 Ibonths, Invoice of Goods. (467, (a R— a B.) 81. 8oMMdsap«rFetliyCaah^'Boal4illtt(aa). raJl cash in foU uf Drayage 9(, $60.78, (a S) \ DOMESTIC INVOIOE^BOOK. DOMESTIC INVOICE BOOK. Tbtb book oontains ooptea of all biToion of tnerchandise pnrohaaed flrom Importeri and others in this country, with the conditions of all such purchases. Each lot and paokago is diatihguished bj some peculiar mark, which is transferred to the inToioe, thus senricg an miportant purpose in checking the articles, adjusting disputea, eto. ^ The purchases on time, for which notes are |^ren, are passed t^ tho L«4gw from this book; those for cadi, from the Gash Book. ^ JULY 1* 1860. i' . ■ 1* ' * VBSf>""= IS 14 15 C F. Spalding & Co., 4 mqntlia, SIpiL 104 Sheetii«. 99* @ 88«. 61.01 % " f W 60 68.65 « • " • 91' 65 69.64 "-r-.Trr-^,- — '--..-^Zi:^ .-JS» , • t ' \ " -w 18 a " * 99' 70 64.68 ) i. «> . r SO M . 18 18 90 18 1 " - 46« 75 84.19 1 " " 46* 65 8a89 1 " " 46» 70 89.88 ' 1 • - 44" 75 88.19 1 " " 45« 80 86.40 1 " "46 75 84.60 ■ 18 M ,1 - - .46i 80 86.60 I * " 46* 90 40.95 h--- ■ 4 tt 1 " " 46 9« 44.18 BM 5t * 1- ■ HAia '^ : 1 !' IM ■■■ 182 - Uper, »«»' 7i VoU ® 8 montlia from Jidy 10. Smontha. tW.M ttan •81.88 .IfiXflt IMt •888 MOO 8818 •484 0787 MS4 7B06 8188 •898 188 988 488 888 •098 Qafflin, Mdlen & Co., 80 1*. Prlate, Jk 878 )8 89 88 89 84 81 88 87 88 88 80 s 88 818 819 817 814 818 889 878 818 890 891 894 828 898 1789 1881* 8818'ydaLa 1848* 1808' 1870* 6818 " 9119' - 90tt* |»»«' 8149* • ,1848' - 9948' • JliJL 488»» - 91841 9089' 4998« " 1970» " Smonthii 10«. 88U7 •ft 88188 { •«. 176.071 lie. 899.91 BU 87 1008 DadnetSJl c.a Lm8 1 piL ■hort 88* ® 7H V^ off nte. 816.78 I •ft 177.«7 1 9486.81 [■ 9816.07 1 1 iJA.\\ ■ 9819.82 il MH 0.1L B K. £ A. D.(£ B.K. KO. 760 781 768 784 88>9 8788 8909 4187 8680 8686 - 20 ^wwrd Lambert it Co., 4 CtaM 44 BlMwstied BUrtliig, 40 1789' 40 1786 40 1766 40 1781* e966 jdM^Ht. Koto <|) 8 mootha from Joly 90. Smontha, 69 A. T. Stewart & Co., 69Prtnta,||^878 69 88 81 49 49 •66- •67 •79 •68 871 fiK 1888 1884 18«B' 1994' 1»64' 8687'7li®8ft 446.98 6808 «a Sift JSisa. C.K DkooontoffSjt •40.66 47.9t _8M4{. Pmrofaaaea on time (token to Ladgtr), Oaah Parchaaee (entered from GL K), Total for the month. 8^8 •80 tl 68 I 9990 •4 11- IL 188 ".V P-- POMESTIO INYOIOE BOOK,— SET V. NEW Y OBK, AU GUST 10,' 1860. ". WUson 0. Hunt, • montli^ " 1, ^ M 4 i ' 'y 88 pa. 8^ DoMkin, JkieS 788 8S| Jkl88 8001 88}- J* t ^ 870 80 ^ 748 80 . i '. 764 88| 804 " V ■ . * = 884 88} 885 888 860 89J' 884 88} ■ . ' - N. c ' 7S5 80} 7^0 8*4 d ) 780- 88| 861 i;. 780 -87| 888 88} 888 80}- 718 87} '3 - . . , ' I- ■ ■ . Jjiiea 684 8S| 805 . 8t>| i';^ 108 888 88} 899| 91}— 81« yd^ % |LU 701 40. 1 ' -1 Noto^ 8 montha from Ang. 10. .' / ^ •■ '.'''.' 4 " Araold d* Cbnstabie, \ lOmonthi^ loB«]£i«i0M«L 1091 / . ' 80^* "> m8» ^ , r '•\ 1877 1881 ■Sk - - 1 1898 80- " 1187 i - 1018 88 " 1004» . «- •' , ■ 1787 I 80 " 11"61» • * . ,' . 88 World*! F«Ir 18««, . -. • " ■■•» - «• 1778 V 80 "■ 1168 . .J '**^ 1888 88 f ia7J»» \ . ■ ■ * , . 1884 88 " ' 1861» •t ' ' . 1845 80 •• 1147 V 1008 80 SetMwtopol CSieoks 1168* • .*• ■f . -• 1018 n - . - 1846^-14101 ydt.318}«.10ia.78 . Cooperaga, 8.00 10U 1' 14 1018.78, Add 77 yds. 1S}«. 1OJ0 .■— L*ii»fVdght. 8.08 7.88 , ■ • ♦ 1 788 IToU ® 8 montha. IVOO ■• : ' I G^Hnnell & Mintum, Smonthih IMO* •* ' 784 .1880' "Springfidd," ; 785 1884* ". H.M.a - 680 840 1808, » ^ . ' V *1888 ^ 6 Oaaaa 4A Blaaehed Sheeiiiig. 8168 jdn. & 10i«: 848 J8 > , ' P an 1 ; D.- i ■ • ! / - 180 170 171 17a 178 iao«» . 1107* . ■1888* ■■',•". * t - ,1 ■■■ : ^ 1 ^ an 1 . . <^» 40.' BOO ■ 1M0 .1854 ' '"' ■'••.' ■; \ • """^ . / •01 1884 . ' • ' ■ . -■ "- ' ,1 ' " ! . ■ 8 OMea SS.in Bleachad Slia«tii«, 9734' jdii^ Ofh 084.71 1403 M e-. , i.: .0.8. Diaeoniit;o«f5% 78.^ 1. . . 1 ' ■si i^irehaacia on time (takev lo Ledgar), 1684 64 1 "[ '4'- \ 7 CM> purchaaaa (poated from CSHli.Book]^ 1498 58 ' .Tbtal for tha month. ^ * ^_ , ^ ^ i Vm 1* 1 \ ,. »■ ;i zae . \i A — ' -. _ / . , n 1 II t -> ' -, .V ^.lU ' ■' • ' « ■" ^ ■;.■"".;" ■ ; #» ""^ '■ ■.' 'v -,. ■■•■ •■'/..'.' ■..,.,■■■■ ; .' .' . ,,. • ■' ' .•: ■■■:"V; / - ■• ■,.; ■""■■■/:■■.■■ ■*■■ : ' ■ ■ ■■* ■ ■ ' •'■' ♦ ■ - ■•>".'"■■-■ ■» ;"■'■■*■ •■ ■'• -.""..■"■-■, .- ■ ■■ > *' ' : • ^. ■■ ■. -- i\y~ ' -V ■'■ "-■"■■■ . ' « ■ ■*\ :.* J » ■■■■: i ■ '-. v' ' ■■ ■' '.-. ' ■ ■ • 1 '■ ■ ■ ■■ ■ ■■■•'^■:':'''.::i:; ■. ' ■ . . '■ FORJIIGN INVOICE BOOK . ■ \ ..■;•>■.■. FOBEIGN INVOICE BOOK/ > || ♦ ^ NEW YORK, JULY 1, 1800. i m n ■ uufM«f . PMaral CamMi \\ i - .^r - ■---.^ ,:. ..;■..-,.. .■ ..u--..:.- ., ,.^-.-^- -|g.- k' * ■«■■ TC" #. ^T--'|«tt|i --% fk jl & R diggiMft Oa, GlMgoWi 1 S. per SUamer " Minburfh," June 8, 19^0. ' MC 80 pt. ».8 printwl JMwnato. M78 ydi. ffl 4U '^ Making up. CMiDg, CM. 80 1 18 U i S9 9 1 •M W pi. V-S printed Jaoonato, SiMO> yda. ® *tJ. taking up, Caaing, tto. CD 1 iT- r SI 18 T ■ ■ ■ 1 •uT SO pa. t-S printed Jaoonate, 9.'Ml* Tda. ' @ 4M. Making up, Caaing, eto. 1 w 10 9 68 4 B ao8 60 pa. 9^ 10 B. and W. Jaoonete @ U. IW' peari ff ^ t Wt. i dot. Men'aNori Silk Bblrte «»*. 6 , Y ' if « 19 « 1 «t ' 1 •» " « 60a. 8 ID > .»■ ■' 180 1 « - " - " w«. ;i « 15 / :r ■ ■ . « «9 1 " " ' / r «2*. 8doi.Udiea'UaIeO«intM« U*. M. |5 3 13 / / 1 ■^ . '.■ . . - y .100 5 « » " 18*. «,r .■ _: ■ . «.■ 101 t *• " « ■ ' S8*. 6 10 1 ■ ^ , ■ 1084" Inland Carria« - \ > Caaea, Oil CloUit ate. 8 10 1 _^ . ." . , > IS < • •7 ' ■ . ■" ^ • 48 7 -~7 •.;'— . ---f . ''f Commiaaion U % 18 "I 45 18 8 .* "*■ m " ■■■:■■.■■•; i ■•■„#• • DuUea, 84 ^ on Cotton and 15 % on Silk ■ ** si ^J g Paid in Qaab. 1 Amnnnta fnnrard 1 1 |jr«4J89 '475 « ■ . -.I • . ' . I ' ■_ -'A. ..„.: 1 11. '* , li 1 ... .. ' " \. • Uopiit of Foreigii Ii^ToieM,vUb Import Oatiet added. .^■■',/ .- :!.. ■■ -J* ':■■. 135' : ,-■• .,;■ .• , -p^:! ■■ • ■ ^ ■" * ■ ■.',*-.'■ > a* ~ . ■ k ■»''•''■ ■ . . ■■ • . .. ' ;■ . ■,. ■ ;■■ ■■■-•■ ■■ ■" ' :'■' 'l': ■ '■■-"- '^. > ■■'■■' ■ ■ ■■■- ■.■::-■". ■■■■■::'••■:■••■ .^ ■ - ■' ■; ''' . v .'■'". ■'-■,■ ■^y- -^ il HI' FOREIGN INVOICE BOOKr-SET V. NEW YORK. JULY 1^, 1860. p. B. U P.B. MO AauHiBU fenrard A. A J. Bidlqr, Brwlford, per StawiMT "Etna," Jam 16, ISiSO. . 601 UtcIIm UMrt«d, MSS* @ «M * MaUng np, Caaing, •!«. U. M. JMaoodot 1| )| Carriage to LiTarpool ' Dutica I» %—rM ia Oaah. 25 — a T. Horton, OImsow^ per Stewner " Ira/j/jKB," June SO, 1840. 400 »-8 14** Robaa a Let, lo rda. each 4«. 64 Off 86 pa. No 1, U^ and H % £11$. Card 4a., Box m., Com. ate., £1 Ite Cartag* O. K A'Co.. Dotiea S4 %— Raid in Caah Total Imports for the mooth Dutiaa'Ou tlia aama 7.., P.B. *Co. 89 80 81 M (8 84 ▲n^ut 10 '~, — " Wmim Thornton * Ca, Bradibrd, , ■ per Str. 'Mtatra/ia," Juhr 1, 1880. »* •01 Mohair ItUturaa, 8906 &tU Qaae. Pkg, ate., 14*., Com. l»f. id. 6(9 Bye Clothe aaaortcd, 8»«» Q»d. flsT Cna, Pkg, etc., 18a., Com. 18*. td. W i 601 Bhre Olotha aaaorted, 8»t8 @td. i\n Caae, Pkg, ate., 18*., Com. 18«. 7A ]]± 60|BjeClotli8aaMrted,a«68. atd. \\rr I 1 I 8 i' Caaa, Pkg, etc.', 18»., ConL 18a. 9i. \\ I lu. | 6 601 Bye Clotha aaaorted, S966 @ 8A 87 1 Caaa> Pkg, ete.. 18#., Com. 18*. 6Ai_l.ll ^ Bye Clotba aaaorted, 8«6S* A 8 ao5 50 pi. 04 Printed JMoiMH, isn yd*. ® Ite. ISSSiSO j{ i 308 . 60 1*. M 10 a*W. " IBW* " 10«. 180.88 i ' , 809 ; B8 PC - " " 1468 " 10a, 148,80 | ' > ■ 310 86 p& \ " 1884 " 1»* "WJ?- . 1 891 |85 « ■^ Hole 8 ibpnths from July U ,, 1 i , 1 i- ' ' '" LP. Ira Packard, Peru, Ind. ; '■^>' Aa.^B doi, LmUmT White Cottoo Hom, 11 128.00 > ^i. 46 46 ao " ''■-. IM »6.00! n " " U» 88.77 1 l-doi. Pe«rl Spun Silk Hoae, H 8.00 ' 1 1 ^ " 8 8.00 1 * f • J 4do«.iBlMk " » VfM 80,00 : , ^ ■ • 6 , 8doi.P«url - 80.00 40.00 1 100 SAnt.UdMiUl9Q»mMilt». 4.«0 86.00 |! 6 " ^.- 4.76 88.78 1 8 - - 8.00 4B.0Q ] J ■ 101 • 15 273 52 Kate @ 6 months from Jnly L J ft ' -• ..■.:._ . : — : , . _ '■; nii»m Newell, ' Tonawanda, N. Y. ! (^ IS a pi. 104 Sheeting. j 9Hji».@1(ie. t«4,88 1 --.„; 14 i' -._•'■ [ 9H - 78«, 68.66 16 % " '« \ «if - 800. 78.40 *18 % f « »2i •• 86*. 78,41 20 1 « " 4H ' " X^V, '-.- 928 26 1425 1400 14 . IK 0540 T8r — r .5 < Ik SALES BOOK —SET V. NEW YOBK, JULY Ofi, 1800. 620 074 >v, U 16 17 Bldwell di Co., Adrian, MIoh. too M M** RobM> Lm (10 Tdi.) % 1100 BaMlvMlOMk. :m Edwiii XX Ptokard, CrjiUl L»k«, Wl«. • WUUPlq«M, ll»'(i)lA ' |aM4 M'd.lQfi. •1.40 Koto d • bmbUm fria SalMOBtilM^ SdM for Cwh, Mtarad htrtla IniI poaUd flr«a 0. K lUlUj mIm, entorod aloM on a BL Total mIm for Um month. -1147 40 6M0 400 1547 t>80 171 04 KM. 6!l 231 0855 9500 0006 Avgnit 1 0. a & E. a Wright, Lookport, N. Y. 1 Ulo Brown BhMtiny, Mi* jia. 9 i4e, |TM» BO doi. Qent's Linen Udkfo. 9 !•. 150.00 1 OMO Cotton DMnMk, S40 jia. (9 SOo, 100.00 1« pea. Blk faombMln, ses jda. Q tLW "^lO-OO 1 Maa SilaoU, ISOO yds. d 19a. Wt.^ Voto (§ • toondia. • # : 8- _ ,_ DeUkirare, O. 381 19 1066 C R. GKulkina, BOpauPrtnta, 875 If M M «• ' 811 18*1* aAlS'ydiLdlBa. |M9.0« M " sw mo* " iSft a8«.49 76 "Haoalrad OmIi. 119M I S8.n 0280 1482 739 68 David S. Hoadley, Berlin, O. 10 pea Blaok BomlMMiB, tOO yda. ® |1.10 |S8<.o6 M pea. Dock, TIO « S0«. 148.00 Bote ® 8 maatha. "■ 8 4. i). Hinde & Co^ CSndnnati. 1 bala Stark Brawn Shaatlnga, 8S9 yda. ® 10«. $82.90 1 bale 4.4 Shaker Flannd, SS7* " ' SOo. 1M.7S la pea. Oreen Vdl Barcgab , MO •• SSo. fO.OO leaae8 •I «, IIT laoi' Volt (i a moatha. ^ , . 97 fjbadell, P1«non t» Co., M| pn Moturir MUtarw, •01 - " M| - " 60| - - •Of - - •0| " * •Of yC FIm H. M IxtnrMb KoU O > montlu, ' ~~ '88 BtTTnond & Co., deTeland, 4 |ML Whlt« PlquM^ ^s>9 11.00 tlB.U 1 « lt#|I.W ia.71 8 |M. Welta. isa a .40«k •».» •01 pa. UvellMi tOSS'O .!•« ••US HoU 9 • raonthaL ' '" 80 a««*s lu S91I (i lU •9M<8 lU St. toula, •«4M0 , «!•.•• 41*.10 41».M 41S.1T JonHStntton; i doB. Men*! NoTl SOk BUrte, |M 1 „ " " •• 1 " " ■ » 1 " " - '^ «• •• Prlntod JaooneU " S •.to Not« @ 8 Bumtha. Saiaa on tima, galaa for caah, antarcd hen and poatod I Patty aalaa antared alona on C A, IMal aalaa for tha montii. 68 4060 10 711 41 I ■- 8808 71 641 179 iCB. |8036 ■ P 1133 63 77 487 10080 1 00 / t* ■ 'Clt. ^^"lar 4159 80/ "J. ' ^..■ / ,4-^ # ''A T v 7 .»•••« CASH BOOK,— Turn la Um mo«t oonTmlml (brm fbr • CkaK-B^k to h» hitpt In^MBnMtloa with « |(«i«ral m«rub«ndlM liusinMW ; Um reatuni of i/Mciat eolumHt niajr Im •KUuidwi, If <• •ilMoantad Bold ntdwall A Oa. AdriaiK8.a) Balaa, par patty CaafeBook . Balaa, par |>atty Caah-Book . lUo'd ia (UU gf ]| .... MiMlidaaforCadt . Total Oaah racalvad dnrfaf -=¥ Mtm I VI 60 188 iX 38 483 13 lis 76' 1S7 60i • • <^ « • 400 275 88 600 1000 1800 463 1680 lOOO -r 1486 1000 60 6796 48 1611 81B8 ;!107M>- Mdae. Mdae. 'Iht«rcat Billa Reo'ble Mdaa. Mtlae. Mdae. Mdae. Mdae. Mdae. Bilk Reo'ble m4b. MiNb ^^ Balaaea on hand . . . . Bold C. R. Cautkln*. net., (& B.) Balaa. par patty Caali-Book . , Diioouat on ii»l« fiiTor 0. A. OL Dlac. O. C. A E. C. Wright's n^ BalM. par petty Caah-Book . Bold Oaa A. Croeker, per 8. Bl Balaa, par patty OMh-Book . 8al«e. per petty Caah-Book . Bold Paul Kobarta. per H. R . Balea, par patty OMh-Book . DtRcounted C. G. Jooaa'a nota . Bold If. TompMaa. par & B. . Balaa, pwp«^?aah.Boek . lliM.6alaalbrC^ . . . T ota l O aah tWd d ori^ m o ath ^-^■■■ - 1 1' 739 '68 1 60 87 10 41 . 1488 M> 160 1 P'** 76 " 816 60 875 983 40 175 048 04 . 400 78 M* 80 84 4169 3398 ■ ■ 4160 8o; mKT 64 '1 ' '■! -'^ i .—.4 ;i 08,1 11 ISjlflfUT '17443 6613 90 13L 09 CS67 1 1 8 170 H 40- ^<^ ' \' ^~w SET V. will mmK IhIC mIm too InalKniflninrV) Ym ratarMl nn th« r«>((u1ftr Mm Book. Th* column W4a4 •* HiiUticM," will (hi fouiid rtirjr «i>nvr»i»nt for th« |iiir|M>Mr Ihttn. I. B. . , Franel* Jk Unilrvl't Hutloncry Dili . . . L*Dt J. K. Jonkliit Air iin* (lay .... Vmtaic Huuii|«, |3 ; lhmy»ipt, |> . . . Paid him on I'rIvaU %.,.,»,, VM him to fbll of % DuUm. m par Von^ga La"..... Clalllln, Mullen A LV'a Inv., par Dtiin. I. IL Dn^aft and I'lMlfntit* DiitiM, a* par FunlKii I. D. DlMNHint on roni«r>t« OvPrlTata^t NoU Aivor II. O. Hmlth dna . . . . « Dtttlaa, prr Korflipi I. 11 ..... , A. T. Htcwart A Cit.'i laTuiea, p^r Ttom. L R afrkhln. (lO; ISO ....... DIaoount on Slarr A C»'a nota .... OnprlvaU)! ..'.,..., .... If daa. parchaaad for Caak i . •• • . , Total Caah paid oat during tha miMtli , . Pkld DraysKa, IIO ; Vom»nf(», |7.tO . Lent J. II. Tol>ltt Plaeounted N<>t« favor neo, A, Crockar Diaeooat oii['0. a A E. C. W.'a note . Dutlca, aa per Foreign I. R . . . . Paid DrBya|e. on % Paid on prtjau % . Ihitiea, aa |ier Forelf(n I. B. . . . . Bol. of nrlnnetl, M. A Co.. per TV>m. 1. B, Purtera((«. $A; Poatafcr. (Ut : Charity. fB iHacoant on 0. 0. Jonea' note . . . . Paid prayago in ftill . , . . . . -. Mdaa. parehaacd for Caah Total Caah paid tor ths moath Tnlajioa rtj hind Cr. soo 1303 44 8812 40 108 8U3 5007 276 4ft 1402 1814 .w «1 76 li ii 8oi' OS OS 16 16 1000 8 100 185 'to 16 150 4000 76 08 44 SB 27, 6B! 23. Oft ftO .m 8892| 11 S007 ■ 16 !l 10820 1 27 li **\\ • 13142 as 17 ftO 600 1436 40 /-. -100 150 13 fiO 2.^3o 9017 00 10 15 oT ^ itsmtoo t I ■ ■■'... ■y ' 1 .-^ ,1 ...„ •'■;' ■■ .. " :'• • 1 • ■■.'. ;■. /■ •' - • .- ■ 1 ^'' \ ■•■:■' ■■ ■■" ■ •■;'•■ ■' ;■■■ ■: '."■■-"- ! BILL BOOK,— SET V. ^ ' ' Thi BUI Book eu new, with MlTwtag^ be made » printtpal b6bk, from which to pia. 1 a - 1 OMMAtwood . P.KAOo. . . B.1B. Pomrox. . . Qordon,Bai|«j . . Mar. It Jnly 1 8 no. 8 mo. Not. 15 IMl Mar. 4 1006 8»1 80! •• u. 1 u LA*.* ■ 4 " 1 * d.B.Bi7Mt . . InPMktfd ... " 1 Smo. JTao. 4 trs stlj - \ ■ » " B FmI BobOTte . . HlrwB Newdi . . " 8 no. "8 887 ML ' J '• -10, H.0.8tnttoa . Baldwin, L.* Co. . * w 8 mo. Mar. IS 888 •• i . f •w P.B.AOA.. ^-. KMuMgrACo. . " 16 8 mo. «* 18 MS 4 "» J.aBaid . . . SUrrAOo. ." . . " to 8 no. Jaa.tt 1485 ** ' io'.f •,'» l/'»r«. ! * ' "» f no. D. Hind* . Mum/, 8. A Co. . - It 8 mo. " ts IMO h\: ■■ " -yt "IS irm.P.Ea*L . KCPadMid , . " M 8mo. Mar. 81 ITl 04 11 Awl JCBNMAtwMw . 0. 0. A E.O. Wright Aa(. 1 8mOk Feb. 4 1488 1 .« Diae'td. ! • " t P.kACo. . . Daridaaoadler . •• 5 8mo( Aprils 887 do IS " • '■-■•4 . . . J.D. HiadoACo. . ■"• 8 8mou " 11 768 87 1 ^ ■ (t ' > , ^ 1* "M . j.o:bi^ . . W.B.Woodbai7 . " 18 8mo. " 18 808 ••; 11 J "IT 4'B.4if,Ofc. . . 0. CJonw . . . " 17. 8 mo. Fab. to 846. •*|lM. ae ly^tu. "U ■'•;;• 6i^k .... aj. Ditlfieh . . • ts 8mo. Apr. 88 408 60 ;| K. . ir - -»j Baldwin A Co. . . * ts 8mo. f • 88 717 47. S > "' ^ ..;. :■ *»■;, >.',. . tnMd«II.P.ACo. . *■ 8T 8 mo. « (0 8808 1 : ." It "« r *> C. . Raymond A Co. . . " fl8 8 ma Ma, 1 841 7t: *•' "M ':i do ,;>\ . JonHStntioB . . - SO 8 mo. " 8 457 M ; rr ' ' '.■■■ ■ ':■' ■•^Vs. - J ' 1 _ ' .^. ^ ,1 ^aye uble.'. :■'.'■ b^MA^ J ■hill It ■'■ '/' '^1 . ] IlaMi ?*•" AmauaL !' mtmtimdHmt J 1 JM.W a,O.Bmia|fCo. P.B.A0IL . yrl ^so »#. JnljtS 4000 Bta 11 . •. s. IVd. t H«r. 1 A.&PNa^. . do Vf *t Pel>.86 Brno. Oet 18 8600 00' ii > Apr.lS CNolA.^^;^ 'GO • • • Apr. 18 Ino. Oct 15 1488 00 Asg. 8 Uiae'ta. * f*^r <%^^^«^d^i^r\ flO h\j 8 Imo. (for. 8 658 BT i - K LWaikw. . \^^^^_V,j_^ zS- 10 I mo. 1881 Mar. 18 1008 84 1 \, § * V K.Lunb«t*C& do . . . - to'i lao. • ts 880 78 ' ■/ '• -r'; lag. V.Q^Hoat . . do . . . i log. 10 1 >a)o. 4pr.lS 708 <»' ■"-' ' .' ■ . .•■ ••• «l tjNwMAOe.. . do; . . .[ " to 8iMw 1 •• ts IStt 14 M - -" ""■ ' ' {• '/: • ■■ . - ■ Ui ■■■:-■■■■:■ ■- ■■- i ^S^ ■ s 'IHBHfap (^^'iHa^J J ^^@ . * Tm^^v^^' -'^ ^Sa^pn^-Wi . f^t INVENToRr aoDK INVEMTORY BOOK. Tbib book i» uied to enumerate the diflbrent article* of unsold m«rchand m, at such tiinM. as may bo deemed desirable. It is, in this instance, purely an auxiliary, the amount of merchandise on hand being included in the opening journal entry. Inventoriea aro fVequentlv copied into one of the Invoice Books ; but a separate book is preferable. ILM.; © L.R a Y.<3>W. <$> F. R. . ' A.B. B Jmmu 49 102 1 8 UlSO 1«8» 197 231 ^ 19 1289 E S. 62 M. 190 4 30-44 130 1066 4:i95 J' 1, 18 1 case Prints ....... 60 pieces DcH«kin . . ... . 1 bale Brown Shootings ... . 1 case Block Tabby Velvet . . . 1 case Paper Cambrics . . . % 21 pairs White Blankets . i . . 1 bal^ Denims . . . . . . . 41 pes. Blk and Wht Tweeds . . 8 pes. Blk Doeskin . . . . . ai " Fancy eaasimeres ."^. . 17 " Blk Satinet. . . , . . 1 case Printed Jaconets . . . . 1 " Woolen Shawls . . . . 26 pes. Blk Bombasin . . . . . 37 » Duck . 2 boles Blk Wadding . . . . duz. llOKobcs :. .... , . . 1 ease G>ttonades . . . , , 10 cases G.tt«m Bomosk . ♦ . . . 150 doz. (ient's Linen lldkfs; . . 150 pes. Dinpi>r . . . . . . . SO-J Blay Linens ...... 1 cose Delaines 1 " BlkAIpnoos . . . , . 1 " (J|H'ra Flannel 1 " D. Btgo 100 doz. Men's (ili.viis 140 " Ladies' List.- GauntleU . 5 " " Kid Gloves . . . 1 bale Stark Bniwn Shootings . 1 " 4-4 Shaker I'lann.-l . . . 12 p«.«. (JriH-n Veil B:ire;fe . . . 1 ciise Si >li.l ( 'heck Uinghuins 25 pc-s. Colinrgs 1 wweSileeio . . . . . . . 1 " Linwys . . . . . . 1 " Corbet tieaiis . . , . . 1 bale Ejigle Ticks . . . .- ' ■' / ■-r -' »=^ yjt. 1005 184-3 503* 790 2000 569 1309' 70 570' 409 2010 60- 9d0 130^ 80 6d7' 5400 1931* ^300 910 7:i0 804 829 337* 200 2.;»4 2-itK) iJtiO' 1725' 700 Prim. .10 li 1.35 .11 .2«^:j .00':! 8.43 I .10* ji .25 i| 190 2486 61 212 125 72 59 842 .92* i 64 .60 I .52* I .12' ; .87*1 .15 { .22 1.50 ! .22 j .16 4.50 I .90 ; .17 I .25 .27* .37* .11 2,50 4.40 0.25 .08* .45 .29 .14 ,50 .09' .17' .00 .11* 345 240 251 4.89 II 293 787 208 17 165 154 864 675 l:i5 328 825 250 281 95 250 6-24 31 70 151 58 335 20: 201 2-21 103 80 11432 84 50 70 98 03 74 87 76 75 22 25 40 60 80 00 63 85 26 25 04 40 25 46 88 16 50 50 04 61 50 146 :-^ ■. f : 1 ■i *w '^: JOURNAL,— SET Y. NEW YOIIK, JULY 1. 1860. Sundries { Merohandiae i Bills Reoeivsble 'Store Rent John Lewis R«>bert Barker William Pennel To Bills Payable ♦''RP.Beale " S.S, Packard " D. V. Bell " J. G Bryant " J. T. Ulkkis i M erchvidiaa ;To Billi Payable iTo S. B. Higgins ** Johnson,Q.&Oo. j ** A. & J. Bailey , "f S. T. Horton ToSundriet It«MHireM and LlabtUtiM of S. a Packard D. V. Bdl. J. C. Bryant, and J. T. CalUaa. partnara tn tha firm of " Packard, Ball 4i Cok," doing a general Jobbing and Import Ing buainea* in the City of New York; aa talten from the Balanoa Sheet of their laat Ledger: Amount on hand, per Oaah Book » , i . " " Inventory Book . ' Kotes on hand, per BiU Book .... Advanee payment for rent ..... *BaIanc« of % Ifotea ontatanding, p«r Bill Book Balance of f|( .■ , '^ . . . . Net Inreatment ..'.... Bills Receivable 1 jl e72ft 11482 2580 ; 8000 I 1700 j, 1000 488 ii to 84 81 - ^ . To Sundries ....... For the following InToiees per Dom. L B.: From a F. Sj^ding^ July S, tS6».H " J. Walker A Coi •• 10, 1006.04 " E Lambert A 0* " 80, J(«a7»_ InToioa qf July 1, per; For. LB. ... . •v. .... ■ «• . , 15 « • : , To Merdiandisa ...... Salee for the gaonth, per Salea Book: Gordon BiOley, July 1, |8»1.SS Ira PMlmrd, "1, S7S.69 Hiram Newell. •• i, M7.M Baldwin, L. A Co. " 10, 8A».M E. MuiiMyACo. - IS, SSS.S> Starr A Oa " SO, liSMB ILShipley A Col •• SS, 1460.14 Edwin C. Paduid " S8, 171.04 SO 4381 10 6711 70 185 4202 4202 4202 4203 68 68 <»* l'64 ■:| 2220 1252 221 246 440 !94 55 11 86 14 6711 ;7U. lOwh To Mdse. " JohnH. L«lwis " Loan " Wm. Pennel •• Bills Rec'ble * Robert Barkef* To Sundries ...... Beealpta per Caah Book: Total Salea for'caah Ree'don9(,$S00:|1800 ..... Return tiim J. E Jenkina . . ... In Ml at % ......... Rec'd on Notes, $1580; $1000; fUSMS Inflittofjt . 146 . 10717 18 2528 1700 1000 483 4005 1000 I" i Iso 48 '47781 47 47781 l47 * .V, X ' ,.^5fr w-n ■! * ^ j^ 1700 1 1 1000 1 483 l50 4005 48 1000 1. 17781 !« ■• JOUENAL,--SET V. NEW YORK, JULY 8X, 1800. '^ Bandriw MdM. ExpcoM Loan 8. 8. PioVtrd RicluiniB«Kle Interest J. T. Oakim BUla Payable ^^mV.BeU To Guh •••••»«• DUbnrMBiMU par CWh Book: PurehMM, ate, fcr Caah . . .- . AaparItMaa.|l<.7l:|S; |U; tM Lent J. E. Jenklai ...... Paid oa private % ...... In (all ol % , , . •• , , . , PBrltMM,tllM:|M.44 . . . , Paid oa private % RadeaoMd note bvor J. H. Smith . Paid oa private 9( . . . . . . II 10630 sol Hdae. To BUIi PftjAble * Wm. Thornton •« i.MuirdtSooa Rills Be V* r ». OHh iToMdifc ** Interest •• BUla Beb'bia Sundriea Mdae. ExpenM '(■una /BillaPsyable ;' IntereM J. C Bryant . ToSundriea ...... . . ' IbtoIow parDuoi. L B. FriMB WUaua O. Hnat. Ang. 10, tfna.40 •• Arnold 4i a •• M,_l»jM.U iBVolaacf Aug. 10, par F. I. B. . . . ' •"t . • ♦ xo Hdae. ....••... Sales fcr the moath. aa par Sdaa Book: O. C A B. C Wright, Aug. 1, |I4S1N u David & Boadley. •■ 5, MM[ J. aOadaACa. " •. in-VI \ .l|ni. H. Woodbuiy, •• 15. Mt.M | CCJonaa. - 11, t4».94 ' CJ. Mtrleh, , " SO. 4mi.M BaldarlnACa. 7 W. fl7.4t ttbMiell.PteroaaAOili - 27. SS0>.7r:! Raynoad A Ool. " S8. M1.7t Joaaa Miatte*, ^ SQ, 4B7.00 To Sundries ••...•.< ^aeelpte, par Gssb Book: Total Sales for OHh , Dlacoont oa note fitvor O. A. G . - . , Baoaived on aotaa, $14«1M : I949.94 To Gash . . a..'... • • INsbarMOMats, par Csah Bookt « Purchassa, eta., for Csah Par Itcota. II7.M: IIUO; #1$; |M.7> LentJ. H.Tobltt ........ tNsaoaatad aote fovor O. A. CI . . . Per ltama.|4».M: t>ll*. . . . . PaU oa private )K ...... ftOOTlloll I44;7ft': 1000 1 1^ 100 1 ;; 185 67 150 4000 176 j :4am 'so' 7) I' "V 30S4 14.%4 188 10089 09! 10069 6557154 54 64 09 ■ 4150 SO ■ 10 41 1 ■ - 1 8378 88 ■ . , I! 4158 87 1814 28; 181 s»,; 1; 500 ■ ti 1426 r'lS 79| , 85906 07 85906 07 147 *> ^ /' *> ■■m-^\- •^ f '. QUESTIONS FQB REVIEW/ QUfiSTIOKS FOR REViBW,— SETS IV. AND V. 1. Wfeit «N ilw pwoliw 'tttUMterlaUM oT 8«t IVt 1 VhU •d^tan^'^DM U^ I>« ^ trationof aa^ 10l< By tha fint matbod, whan mora than two partlaa ara Intaraa t ad, wUft tatry ihonld tha ' 'amW^NMnakaoA racaipt of tha property to bo aoldon Joint 9ft H, What tha aoiui^jpfpon aAin>hig tha propartyt 11 What tha oihar partlaat IS.. By tha tfaond maUiod whatf Uwai. or mora partlaa aralntar- aat«d, what antrywiU tha. eoiM^M main m raaabringpropartytoba aoldon Joist %f l4, WhatHi^ooiv tigmoft W. What tha olhar partiaat 16. Ia tharat,any dtotMMa VjfiS'ltiial raa^ by Ithaaa aaparata . mathodat 17. Whan ia tha eomignti oonridarad raapinpl^la by Unrlirat mathodt n. Whan, by tha aao- . to 1^ daaalflad aa JUal tut RtffutMMH'Mt tt. How ntty they'be-.m^a,IZAil/ SS. How Ai^imlalii^ / > M:. What difliirent mathod..«f oloaing fhm Ladger'la ahown in Set lY t as. Ia thara atfy naceaalty for a Balimtt aeeoont t M. How San Itajtlaoaba filled f , 17. What.la the nana) eotr^ in bringing down balanoea of reaonraaaifd Uabilitlaat U. What U tha a^Tantago of naing aniiliuy1>6'/ ' Bi^flAKCB SHEKT9.^Alld AUZlt^ABml— ^A:OfiA' 101 A5^ .'— thamrthodofmling'ihaBalanea'Bhaetk 11. Wliat adrantagaa haa thla form orer any other *. objeetloitniay^vrgedagikinataiinnltipUclty^of'aiudllary booka? 88. How.ia thia^ob- . larga^aatabHaB&e&t* t Mt What are the eaaenti^ polnta in agood boaineaa letter fit. 'ledge of boainaaa opneapohdenoa ba learnt iWffi modely t ' • ■ ^' • " " ' """"7^',' * - . • .■ '> '.■ ■ ■' . - > ■■ - .^ V ■.• . ■ '- \ .• ■ ., -^ •' ■■ > ■. - ■ •. :■ . ■ ■ . SEMAIQte Olllr SKT Y.-FAGB 1S8, , > apedea'oT'lvulwaa ia r«freaented by tMa aett 87. What ia Ita^peenltar Aatnret 8a.-Haa 'adMntagfaorer.that.of oonaeeatiTo entrlfa, hitherto whiUtadi^ thia work.? 89. Wherein ' ^ nidt a^rantag^ eooalatt ii)^ m^ dUBenlty Uea In the way, of osing tha Tarions booka of original eo. 4ieaaapHiidpdboo1u.flram which to/poat or Jonrnaliset 4ll What ahoda the t3aah-Book ahow T. 48. Row b ft ma& V alio# all raoaipia'and dUboraemento t 48. What will thkdi£fer««e between the two aidea of tha CSukB«^ npreafnt T 44. Wben eaah b debited on the Oaah-Book, wh^ b eJedited t 40. Ia arery entry i dtheraidaof thaCaah-B90kraallya book breapeeted. wiU U ba . ^40 poet eaah from th4 SaUa or Intolca Book, or viei^andba from' the'CSA-Book T 61. Wlmt would bath^affNtcfanApoatingr 64. Howmanymethodaara thwaof ayddliV thb dUBcnl^T 66. What b t? 66^ What the aaooadt 67: Which of ttieae^wo mathoda la praferabkt 68. Which b adopted ,; In thta Sett 69. What doaa the InTantory Beok in-lhb Sat contain^ and how b It oaedt 00. What doea tha Poacade Inroica BO(A «ontain.t OU What ^ntrlaa are paaaed to t& Ledger from thb booK T ,61 What I tha Foreign Intolee Book contain t 68, the Salee Book t 64,*Wlth iMiat wffl tha totfd credit of Mar- I aeeoont for tha «MMth agree? 66. "Will yon explain tha ehanM^ariatiea and oaa of the Caab4ioDk t Ara an the dririta and oradiU appearing on 'a« Caah-Book poatedf 67. What luttoonta ara altered Jai < SoBdrlair e«lamn T 68. How are theee amoonU Mated t 69, What doea the dMck-^park, oppoaltf I amomu denotet Wi. W hat WOttld bej r ritten t ^ ftbd^o^ t ha chaekH n a ^ k^ w e re th e a ao Bn t s p o atad -i^ i/y from tha Cb«b-Book> 71. Ota.the ^1 Book be «Md io adrai^tige aa a jN^Mtpai bookt ' v.^ ■ - 149 ' . ^: . :./ ^'■ <:>'iifc' >?>' '-V ' ■ ■■ ■ ■ '^ ;■ • . ' ^ • ■ ■ - # » ■ "* 1- ■ • : ■ . : ^ ■ s ».■•'■... V ^s * fr »■ » ^ «- • .M ' \ ■■■,,; ;.; ■ \ -. " , ■' ' -^''■ ' ■■■'■"''.■■ / /-K L"- •r . - . ■ _ ^■ < ■^ ■ ■ ■% _, ■• - • ■ # ■ .•*■. f ■■.■■■■ ■.,''' .^ • .- " '■ •• '-^ . ■ ; .'■■;■ ■ ■ %' ■ . ^ 1 V. • ■ * . '* ' . ■ * "■•■ -^ ■. ;■>%."'■ '\^ '; ■ ' . ■ . .■ . .-. ■ .' . '..- '" ■ - '< ■■ ■vN • 1 • " ■ V L' ' ^ r . ■■ .. •■■'■■ ■' ■ '^ ■ t ' . ■■ " * • ■ ' ■ '■ ". '^ ' ' ' '■■■■'.. ■ . ■ ■ ' . „ ■ ■ ' * ■ I . . . ' :• ■■, - :'% ,•_■■■•, ■ ■ ■. . '.*•.. w ■ . " . ' 'V ,■'.'■■ . - - % : . .' .. ■" ^' • ■ •■' • ' .■•■•■■■■■■.■ (- f • 1 . ■ , ■ ■ - • • . -/ , ■■■.•■ '-s^ ■ ' '. ■■ ' . . ■■ ' . ■""•.,. ■ :.■; y- '' '. '■■ ■'-■■'■'■ ■' ' ■'■■■' ■ , ; ' . ' ' :; ■ -^ _ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■' . , ^' /' ' . "^ " i- ■ " . ',■-.- ■ " ' ' ■' ■ ■■ ■ " * . ■ : ■.■■-'> ■,.■■■■. > '-/'I *^ . ^ ;...:. . ; ; . ■ ■ • ^^^ ■ . / • ' ■ ■■•'"', ■■• -■ • '' -.;': •' "^-^v- ■ ' -^': ■ ^ ;■;:::,'■' '■■ ■; ■■'■ ■ ■ . r '' -' ■ t ■■ ~ ■ ■■ .■ ■ ■ ■■■ J r , '■..■;-";'..,■ ..;■•'. ■ \ ■ ■ ' '?,'-'■ ■ ;. ■ ■ ■ ' ' , ■ ■ ..•■-'■ ' ■ ■■ -"' . . , .,..". -. " ■* * "^ ':/■.■,■ •' , ■•. '■ *r ■■' ■/\' ;, '\. » ■■■♦; ■ .•*■ V ■■ : ^. ; ; ' ' ■ -■;■". :■ ' ./:..■■ ^ ■ '■■..' . - f ' ' H . ""'^ 1-" 'O-^T* V ^ SINGI^E ENTRY - CHANGED TO DOUBLE BNTRY^ Wini AMPL^ ILLUSTIliTIONS AND EXPLANATIONS. BUMAoura : WO DISTINCT SETS OF BOOKS BY SINGLE ENiRY, om iiPBiaBirrraa tos BoninM of a ntnn Mmoakirr Ain> tu ornia that or A BCILDU; MTH OW W|UOB ABS CflAXGED TO DOUBLE E5T|IT, ASD TOE BDSIHESS COXTIXUED. iw TiiB urrn mr a DMOLimoir or oopAvnnaaiftP tuom tuoB, Am tii» '•TDDut m bbqvii fo mns rr quoihal tsAinAcviosn tu ooMiun thi atfr. ■t i/t/, -^^^ '^r w .fi.< PTMS^™* ' '•?. . CIIANOlJrQ SINGLE, TO DOUBLE ENTRT. > CHANGING SINGLE, TO DOUBLE ENTRY. Wi IwTfl, to &r, omitted mj ■p«oi«l imtruotion in Single Entry Book-ketjpbig fbr th« raaaona, firrt, tlwt we dealred not to diatr»ct the mind from* tl|e more Important oonaid- eratlona beering upon the edenoe of Aooounta, And eecondly, that w« deemed it much more eoejr to explain the charaoteriatio feature of S^le Entry, to one thoroughly fkmlliar wi*Ji the prinoiplea of Double Entry. We have disUnguiahed Double Entry Booli-lieeping aa Uie " aoienoe of Aooounta," Becauw ita theory reate on acientifio principlea, and ite work ia auaoepUble of aoientifio analyaia. Single Entry, although, by no meana, devoid of exoellenoee aa a ayatem, oannot properly be called a acionoe. It ia, however, the Af^t^Minj^ of a acience; bearing aboiii the aame relation to Double Entry that the tlirce t«rm8 of a compound ratio do to the proportion Ailly expreaaed. We are not among Uie number who can aee no merit in a ayatam that doea not aquare in all reapecta with our notiona of aymmetry and perfcctneae ; and we are, therefore, qiiite ready to accord to Single Entry Book-keeping, all the raerita it may poelMa. But the chief difficulty in the raster ia to decide upon the fact and extent of Single Entry ; and thia difficulty becomca the more intenae the more we aook lu aolution by any atandard afforded in actual buaineaa. While all acientifio aocoUhtante by'Double Entry muat agree acto the neoeaaity ° of equal debite.and oredita— no mattetr tbcough what forma ejipreaaed, Single Entry acoounU "ante differ m thia regard, according^ the amount ««f|lghjtjthoy may have, or the condition of the pre^ento which they follow, Thua, while aome would repreaent on the Ledger only aewM^'wftl* individuala, othora who have had the ingenuity to concoct, or the good aenae to obaerve,-find an advantage in dealii^ in the aame manner with the other varioua kiuda pf^reaourcea and jjiabilitiea. Thia la, aotiietimea, carried ao&r by intelligent accountente that, although without an^ auapicioii on their part, their Ixioka will bo fi>und to contein nearly ^^the re(}t)i8itea of. Double Entry. It b from thia bet that we find it difficult jKleqttately to' defme Single Enti'y. ^"^ / '. The term - Stuff I* Entry," a^ diatiilct from " Sa^h Entry,'' hak reference more particul larly to the fact, that for every acparato Day Book entry but one poating ia made to the Ledger ; but to what extent theae aingle Day Book entriea ahall be carried, or how much real information contain, hu never yet been d^ided by authbra, teachera, or buaineaa meii. It ia ■aually undeiiatood, however, thiit the difference in the two ayatema oonaiata mainly in the fact that while the Single Ent^y Ledger containa only acooiinte with jwraoia, Double Entry deala alao, and in like manner, with pro/terfy and eautet. ' ^^ , We have ahown In the previoua lecturea that DovWe Entry Book-keeping, or the J^ Science of Aceounto," oompriaca i perfect and continual record of reaouroea and liabilitica ; "%nd we m4y now eay, contrjuiialinctiv^, tfut Single Entry oompriaea an imperfect record of reaourcea and liabilitiea ; or, rather, a raoord of bikly » portion of them. Whenever thiH do^ciency ia aupplied the requiaiti^gjip of Double Entry are met. Ther«for«, To ctoHvaBT SiKOLi, TO DoOBL«, EiituT BooKb, ojMft fHcA tdditumal accounlt^ in A* Ledger at are neceatarif exhibit the entire ruoHreee and'liabilifiet of tke concern, ' ' ", f If acoo^nto have been prevloualy opened iHth the jpartnera, or an account with Stock, aa the caae may be, repreaenting inveatmente and auma withdrawn, it will, of courae, be neoeaaary firM to carry the gain or loaa of ihe buaineaa to thoae aoooiinta, aa a perfect record of reaounS^ ■ AKt J — H^\. 8t! a i — ^ — ^■^-.— — a. — — a.t, -.^j._ y ^ . 1: ' — : a term rs = = — ' : — : : '■ " — '■ — and liabilitiea cannot otherwiae be madeT mill he ahown m the auooeedii^ atatement. The method of aaoertaining auch gain or loaa * 162 ■ '. ■■ tvt^ rf^ 'n •*|^^ •3'^-f^^'?^^^ CIIANOINO SINGLE, TO DOUBLE ENTjIlY. It will thua b« Men thiiW^JIouble Entry U but » oontlniutloa of Single Entry ; ' tn^ellng , «tth it h«nd In hnnd, ■• (kr uTt goee, bill carrying out iu principle* to duiir Aill lymmetry and pvrftictioiu Thoee who array formal utijut-tioiia ngainat tlie prabtioe of Doublii Entry, <>n account of ita intrignii«Ml pAncip*e* of dubiu and credi*a aa pnkctiaed tn Single Entry, evidently do not know of whal thtty «p4-^k. In changing * act of boolta fl^ni Single tn Double Entry, it ^ not nec«aaary to diaturb any aucount already opened in the Ijedgcr, n<>r ta kwp, any auch aooount differently thercalliT. Ifiia fiust will be clearly ahown In the r the same piii^poab, and kept aont«»> what upon the aame princfple aa the Double Entry Caah Btwk. the only difference being ic tke/orm of recording entriea. Aa we neither joumaliia nor poat flrom the Single Entry ^b Book, it ia not nec^Miury to specify Ledger Jbitlea, aa in Double Entry ; the object of th« Single Entry Olsh Book being «lmply to complete the record of tranaactiona omitted in th« Day Book, and to keep the neceasary chMk upon reOdpta and ^aburaementi of oaah. It is alao cuatornary, in conilection with Siriglu Entry Booki^^ keep a Bill Boolf, for thd purpose of recording Bills Ileceivable and Billa Payable. If, flraddition to tbeae, w« ahould keep an Iijvoioe Book and a Si^loa Book, either ae^arilte or together, for the purpose of recording purchases and sales of merchandiae, we ahogld embrace nearly all the requisite* of Doubl^ Entry ; the chief 'drilt<''i:ence|M'!ig that inatead of ahowlng th« entir* reault upon th* Ledger, we divide the honor among these various auxiliariea. In the illustratiuna given «^e have shown first, a Single Entry Ledger, eontaininK only pei^nal accounta, and next, the iidditional account* necessary to conatituta • Double Entry Ledger. In the i|^udent'* nianuacript these two'parta will, of course, be united, forming togetKer a Double Entry Ledger, fulfilling the requisites of equal debits and credits, and, eobaoquently, equal reaourcea and liabilities. The. intervening statement proparator; .changing, should be cl<.>scly.examincd/and thoroughly understood. > The memoranda of transactionF^llowing, are intended,' of ooura*, to be regularly writ*^ up and posted to the Ledger aa changed; and the general i^eaultk exhibited aopording to the pnncipica already laid down. \^ ' " To one who fully appreciutus the advaiiupl of Double Entry, no arguipent nor illultra- tion will- be necosaary to enforce ita etitlre puperiority over any other ayeteni, notwithatanding the crude notions somotimea axpressod by those whose very position should render ignorance on so vital a point, inexcuaable; but it should, nevortheless, be the aim of every in^Uigeat Moountant to place himself beyond the pale of proj[udioe, and lett'him not ioaist, l>9caua* 1m esteems hi* own W|y best, that there can be no merit in any other. ' ^ " It ia but natural that men who have^ for a lifetime been familial^ with a o«rtaIn routine of tnuiaactiona, ezpre*8ed through a certain medium, should be^Some unalterably attached to both, and should look with jealousy upon any thing savoring of innovation. It i* the duty of the accountant,, who acta aimply aa auch, to humor prejudice* of thi* kind, rather than «bu** them, and thv* *how hi* own auperiority, by making even inadequate ■ form* ooovey mor* substantial and extended information thiui their (Hcnds and advocates hare didmed for them. ' ^Pw chiff advantage* of Double, over Single, Entry, consist, first, in -the security afforded 9y the Trial .^ahuice test and next, in deeignating the particular channela ihrougK which l^n* and loaae* come. The /aet of gains and loases; and the exi^ amonnt of eidier can b« •8 well sao^rtained by Single Entry, providiod we 'have the 'means of knowbig that th* work iao oftect. — — ^- — — ' — r ■ *:, ■■. U ..- ■■. ■ . : ■ 168 "'■ : . r- ' " ■ • " ^'^A.v.s:^ ^J^ L , •'?§; . ' if-*ii'- ' i6«a JIm4 1 1 a t • f 6 C""^ CASH BOOE,-SINGLE ENTRY. JwnM Ifaaon*! fnT««tinmt . .....,...,.,. ij SOOO Robert \V«lkar*a JnvMtmmt . . . i , . . . lOM ,John SlmmoiM,— Cp•^faO} Pm»u,#0.«)j V«l,|7 ..... JoMph KiiiMy, OQ )| . . , , . . , . .' , lfiMdl«iMw8d««,pwtioketo .% .t. ..... . , . W. II. DwU,>^v«roMt,t8A; V«M,l7.S0i CnY«t,|l.ftO . . MiaotllMMMM Balti; per UokeU ....',. John lf«aoa, Involo* tmdj.au4» dothlng **•!>•< M 6C IS M «B 44 80 «a m 48Wi n 9 10 li Balanoeobhud . •..........,.,. Robert II«ll,—« yarda blue BnNtdcloth, £Lf UIA, JAN. 1, 1800. )> t« * ^ 'm«^-*» -i— .-^.||;t% > \> JttmM If MM) ana TU>h'■-, '*" • g^ ByCWilnvMted . . ^ , . » . . . . . isooo Mttmhantliac, par InvwJory 4A00 Buudr/ NotM, pur U. U. • ■"«•• • • t • V .760 HB> i „.«>■ ibmoa Maann, ToftduofiMJolHiJ. Dr. Itobart Walfcar, » -r B/Qiahinvoatfd . . . . • . •. .i..., . . . i| ^^ " Store audFuUina. ... . .fv< . . . <1 Cr. 000 John J'weii, Ujr amount, owing him bjr J. Maaun . . • . ' . « ♦•■•»' • •890 77M i William PatUtraon, * " D, To I Pair DoMhln P«inU . . .... . . . . . . | 9 ♦* I Blue Br«iMd<-li m I i HM . M i M iii« To Guh Pjdd " ^tf %1 > sikgij: entry dax booic^- it t' J*bM Punlmm, PHllLADKIJPHIA* JAN. 0, 1^^ .^-0- To ^V«d«Ul^( Bttit, par ooQtt«fl . • 10 .. . •* ^ ** . ]iy 10 Toiij I of din (lor* d |ft^ •«. 13 « • , • f • • || InL RoMrt St » To I «• I. i)r.>M ifirv. ... i '.••*...♦ . JW|^ 'I I , r * , I Piiif Freiirh C^lmew^ I'Mlir . V . . , .. ' ^^.l^ Z ' •*t^ t . ^ U -*^-' - -^ — ^v^- I # i Snwlu* Y.HfHfT, '' '' Dr. \ ' I -«^ ♦ ' To M«klng r)n>« 0»l ..;...»' i . * » t §•/ J i - ■'" i ^ "* Repairing CmiI ,,,«.. »i •♦«"*•»''•• • ^*^ , 14 I -'_^..- .-- - .16 -.' •-; ■ ' " '■ 1 '' I ^'! Roberts. TTuvwuH, ' 0^ f % I U/ hb >>' ''' I ^ „.» . ^ ,■.; 17 , -^ k— - -V - .v-f^' ' ' ' • , 1 DaTld t. PuHer, ,« ^^Dr- > To I Froek Cmi . . # , "•'?.*' % I " I V,«i . . ^ . * **<> i I ,- •* 10v«reoa(«>rMMtorFrMilt '/. • * ^^^ 4 4? M' *.- 4' •i * Chsrlea Cln^rhnm, Dr. ^.' V TbOShirU, (Fn-noh Yoke), (i W.W. -, ....,•!*„ 'i J .^ •• 10 Pair. 8(K'k», 9 2.^ rM. ' « W ,' 'j •. • • • 89 W •• Dnitranand(Jiiderahirta,8.e(M!h,|l. S5. 'f «, I. To Fruck and Pant* for MfMrter Sill* . « -• .1' l^A, To I IM^Coat, . . .* .\. . * WJ , •• a N«k l>a ',.,'..«. 8 1- " e Puclwt lljiodUrdaeft , V'.., ..,..»._ I JSi I «7 JW- WUaon (1. TTunt 46 Oo. -• \ r Or. j- , By DUlolClotha,^Inv«loa « . . . . . . '. « , .-. • )| ,;fk75 f To J Pair Pant* , ,•»",. . .^ . . » « •• • »• »f" ■ jiii 111 xii,— j,-.w»i*rt*f iu M i ■ m m ^■^-.^- r ? 1 4t: »«" Dr. IMO Jm. 1 To Pr* DOER,— SINGLE ENTRY. Dm J. J. 1 MO IMO Jmk, \ 1 i By Dr* liM Or. laao ./•« r ToSawiriM Dr. IMO . ■■ 'e».^ . ' t . ■ 1 ■ *' ; MM ; . tsi Ui «r..' . \' 1 WW I Ml !•• Cr. Cr. Cr. 1 11 tr. !>:: »l ; Dt.-. IMO' An. • to Waddlig SriA fi ' «7abez DunhaTn. Cr 1 M 168 "U. ' ti^^^S^^^^S:^^:^ASi,^k^SS^ 1^^ ftt..^fe^a*:^i^SMa ^teSa .-^^ate LEDGER,— SINGLE ENTRY. ^t. I^obe^t S. liajrwardl ^^-lltr. ItM y«Nb n TvflndriM IMO I M Va«. 11 ByVoto^Mdivii | M Dr. SZrastus Younff.' IMO ; : JtMklliTallaU^MdBapatr^i t 14 lOt. IMO ' ' IDavid T. FHiller. 41 Mi Cf'^ Dr. IMO Jam. II To SuidriM Olieirles Cla^liom. t M 40 t ft. Dr. IMO <^ /m. to-' To Kenry IDwiglit. a«4Puu. t |0 Dr. lOM ^/m. tl Tto Soliviyler t n M rblt. ^». Cr. I , ( Dr. ^ Dr. lOM , . Jm, iM To 'VT'ilspn C3t-4 Hunt.- XCenxy Shltit. tt. « vn a M /^ ,»TT PROCESS OF CnlKGINO. PROCESS OF CIIANGINO. llw Intelligent loaifier need not, at this atage, He told that the fint requisition Ilk opening a Set of Double Entry Buoks is « statement of rosn«irc«>s and Itaiiilitics. This statement is also necessary in Single Entry as oden as it is dosirulile to know the progress or oondltion of the business ; either with a view to apportioning gains and Icmsi-s, or for any other purpose what- ever. In the prt-Cfdlng I.#«lgcr we have a systematic record of such of the resounti and linhili* ties as consist of p<>rsonal act^iunts,— the remainder must be nseertjiined from some other source. Iniwmui-h as the partners were credited, each for his not investment, we are enabled to linow f«>in their accounts what was the original capital. If tlui^e be now, either more ,f)r Icsa net resources than this original investment, the result will show a gain or loss, 1u the case may be. If a gain, the partnem should, of course, be credited in thtir proportionate shares; and if a loss, they should he debited. This will, again, equalize the reM>uroea and lUbilitiea, and give us suflicient data for a Dotible Entry Ledger. To thU .end we preaent the following ^ * Preparatory Statement. Statement of the Tteiionrcea and Liabilities of Jamea Alason and Robert Wnllter, who have this day changed their Booka flrom Biugle to Double Eutry. 'I - Rttoureti. Personal Accownjs Receivable (nlroady posted) . . 418 Notes Receivable on hand per Bill Uouk . . . . . : 815 Gwli, per Cash Book . i ......... i 68.34 Jlercliiindise, p««r Inventory . . . . . ... . ;' 2»7.^ Store and Fixtures, per cost . . . . . . . '... . ' 0750 ^^\ Liahiiitlei.— ~ " '•■ ." Mil |1 78 1 1T788 S8 Personal Account* Payable (already posted) James Mnson, Net Investment . . . c 'llobert Walker, " .... . 025 T7.V) 7750 10425 Total net gain in business Jnmcs- Mason's \ . ■ Robert Walker's I . , ! 1363 1681.01 081.U3 It. 23 From this schedule It will be evident that wher. the alwve resojMps and liabilities »• duly cnU'rcd upon the Ixidger — the resources to the debit, and the liubilities to the credit of the accounU* representing them — they will lack just the amount of net gain (11303.23) of balancing. If this amount, tVn, be entered to the^oredit of th^ partners, where It properly fcclongs, and tiie additioiud accounU opened, we shall have the conimencement of a Double Entry Leilper. ,'' We now complete this process, crediting the partners each for his J gain, and openmg a» counts in the cxU'mU-d Led;{er with the additional resources! Bills Receivable, Cash, Merchan- disc and Ston^ nd Fixtures. These fuojr. now ajccounti^ constitat* the •.' change," and will aerve, very clearly, to show the exact dilTefenoe in the Wo systems, so (ar as the L««iger ia conoomed. 160 % »'i^A"„ "f^sgt*^ a. f. '■. ■'. ■ ■' ■•■^ :. SS \ ."t LEDGER—DOtJBLE ENTRY. BDht r Bills pieoeivable. » _ *f. ••i) i' •II Ij Jmi tl OakMd Casli. 1 - 1 M« . ll 1 Dr. V«i M OnhMd Chr. l^erob.aiidise. Cr. 'aivi r 'ii Store and Fixt i: •7M ;.| €r. It » always propw before commencing the cum'nt record of busincM In Double ^try Books, to sMerUin if the. Ledger baliuiccs. With this view we suLmit the followjiijf Trial Balance. James Mniwin IIolH-rt \V Hiker .lllhll JtHK-H . . Wni. l*Mtlfn»on JoHcph KiiiM-y . Janivs M. IWw'K'y Siiiiiticr I'w-kurd JhIh'I! Diinliinii . Erimttitt YoiiMK , Ihivid T. Kulltr rhiirleH r!ti)!hi>rn Ilttnry l>wij:hi . Si'hiiyl«T ('«>rl>it Wiiwiii (i. Hunt Iliiirv Shnrt . . UiIIh Itt-wtvuble CuMh ..... Merchandixe Store aiid irlxtures ... . . . ... .N • • • 17781 an 177 1850il 28 M860^ » M The bookaara now to ht opntinued in Double Entry, fh»m the following transnctioti* I fJ* JV. . .T^&iv&t V '**■ ■te- HISTORICAL DAY BaOK,-DOUBLE ENTRy. PHILADEiLPHlA. FEBKUABY 1. 1800. Srld Robert Mllburn for Qwh, . * 1 doi. Suspenders . . ... . •;,,•'• • * * * iJJ 4 •• CravaU ^ . . . • ® •'* • ♦ • '"' 31 « French Yoke Shirt, (fine) . 9 WO . - • 106 10 •♦ Standing ColUn . . . . « H 80 . . '. '° tteoeiTed Qwh for rent of upper etory, one month . . PiddRobertW«lkerOMhoiipri»»t»1l . . . • • • _. : ~- 8 , ■■ : — -■ — AoSpted John Jon««'« intt on ni « 80 daye, &vor A. B. Butte __- — .^ . .. -_ ^^^-^-- r ■ ■ • - . 1 Fought of Dimham it Brolww, on our note 9 60 dayt, ] J^. . I ' Mdee, per Invoice , . * ... • • • • \ '*^ *' * •>* ! t .__ ■ '■ • ■ ^ I . . i l l I . — — « - • '- ' . . \9t fiO 100 8bO 700 Sbid Wm. Pattewon* on *, ^.-- 8 dd. Vert Patterne . . . . • • • •"^ * * ' .^, 10 yde. Blue Broadcloth .. . . • « W • ' * 2J ' Jo ydfc French CiMeimepe .... 9 W . • • °^ Received ofJame«M.Dooley,Caih In foil of 5f„. • Paid the following expeneee In Cash: ir^^ Qerk hire .- • • '.fr SeamatreM'a wagea . . . . . • • • • • • • • *T 'J ■ 10, — '--- ' Bold R C. Davie & Co., Alb«»y, on their Note 9 4 mbntha, Mdae^ per invoice/^ . . . . . . - i# __. ——. . -.12' — — -■-- 390 04 140 600 y Bousht of Jamee Dunham, for the\>rlvate vm» of Ro^rt Walker, 1 Firkin Butter, 100 Ihs. 9 25 cto. . . »!» I Bbl." Seek no Further" Applaa . ....••• » 1 do "Oder Vinegar . . '• . . • • • ' k ' • ^ Paid him per order on Sumner Packard. • 1 :....;„..^_ ' 18' —^-:- •-::——-- ReoelT«dQ»hof JoeephKinaey, fafoUof^t * . . • • •* • • _ '^K—^ ~— ^- Sold Edwin Forroet, on » ^ 1 Suit Fine Broadcloth , m • t V.M Advertiaing BUI in Oadi ■'• • • ■• • • • • • • 80 ,ftl 90 76 60 .:■i•^■ B« wnhl aot to opM tlM.MiM Meomt iMta. . 162 ' RY. 91 SO iOO m 700 n 890 M 140 SOO ■'1 "it4'^'^''9"' "■,*'*^'f;^''-'"'.^ OKrr-TOIJBL iriStORICAL DAT I^POKj^ficipBLE ENTRY. PHILADELPHIA, FEBH^XbY flO. 18QO. « / '/ 80 00 •■■;''' SO . » ..^> 1 V l»»liQwHi.r Tnm(rai9p«l|)re and jjontent^ I % On WOOO .• (MuilMt> . tm Insuni^ Co.) V*7 . . <|| . ■ . ; "■ ■' . I ■ ftentTedCk^ofJabeiDunhain, in Aillof)! .... . , . . . i 50 Paid ExpeiiM«brst<^|toJbte, per ExJMiiM Book. . . . . . . . ■-V- Our ttofo and oontenta were thU day conaumed by fire : ^,,»->. * " Value of Store and Fbtturea '!r!S' Mdae " ^"^ - ' * * • ■ •- • xBUO . '• . . • .• .• 'jnaaefn —i wi . . • • • • • • Manhattan Inaurance Cow o«»ui per policy . . ........ ■ —— 88-- ^-^.^-'^v-' ItooelTed (Sah In flill for B. 8. Hayward'a Note, due theJSth ioat . . M (Reeetved CWah ofthe Allowing poreofiaV , ^^^ En»tu«YoiinK,liiflrtlof» .......••• •»* ^ V David T.. FulK* " • ' ' ' * ' * * * * ii m Gharlea aajAom " . . . i • f*'^ ilenry DwiglSl ; . " *"' Schuyler Girblt •* *•.• • . ,. • • • ^« "^ «» , Henry Shaft ** • • * f» _** . ISO A 4000 «s ^. .A 1S5 / PaIdCb8htoWil8onG^nunt,lnftiUof5( . . , . . . • • • .MJ *6T* ' BoodTed Cbah^of ManJuttan Inaurance Co. . . .\ . • . .«•-•■ 4000 60 rt rt-ni-lMo ch.rir » •« E»p™»..ceo..nt.,or to open • *^ IBPl f''»*"'«h .."|gg".?* llii» u_^ UmLl ..4 bow m«A to M«t*«JJ.* ThI. «i.»o» b. dUBcum •• Ih. ta.U d f Mu«*oo i. gi ^ ■ . . 168 ^ -^ 1* w^ * ■ ■ ■ tN ,-. ,: ■ . , . -. ..... •' ■ .: ■ 1 ■• . ' •./■.■ ■ ■ ■ -1 .>4 : . ' ■ " ■ .■• ■ . ,■ ' ■ ■ . ■ .'.■ - *^ . ■. t-' . ■ it;' «^8t..r»«idFlitur«i| . . -.< f . . ... • ; . . /^^ V . . • • «ii»w .... , If. ■■■ H • •■ ' O^ J, Bt4>ra T.ot ^^!^ ,?:■■( H ^i ■'^ ^■■ FBUKirr CoiTDinoM or BounML .' , ' ■ * _ • ■" «' a • • • • ♦:^>« . « . • • • • " B«Hh lipwlTtWe . ; ... . .; .i . ,. . • * WHIimn Putter— . . •. . 'I • ••••• • .* f • ■:; lamUUHu. ■ ,V srr--'-— ... *. . •«* • • ImuD, InvMitinfiit . • • " jfJB«t lom > k • • . • • • • ■'» ** rn«Mit Interett ... . • . .ji. Bobert Walker, Invtwtiiient . . . . . . . •>• • • ' ^ Amount drawn .,..'.,,. ISO, ^imtioM . . . . . ... MS I tw mmn —^ — — * Pniwut IntBft^. . .. — -. — i — -, — i . . . %, -j^f'P fe-prW;yTi.-*« 19000.00 nn.«o fil85.t)0 s^ , 'f „ liosnrss 3noo.oor 8S4.no 60.00 EXEBC18E8 FOB THE L^ARlSrER. 'a- V ■ ^. EXERCISES FOB THB LBABNBR. \ ^ fUTH BI1III& n ^Idtl choL In JdWon, to Iwep . Aid- Book «d «. Iwolb. Book, In which to ™iZ^ to iSd^-pon th. gsta or lo- In burin-. W. h.v. hr. « "«P«'*"» ^^ rrjSl.^ni«.«^t»«-Srofth.fir.t month. Oo. ot 0^ v^f »i^r^t^^ «««^ btotater«t h.Vtog been purchMed by th« nmianlng pwtnw, who continu- th« buiW Sl^ ill!^» vlng in Itorif princlpl- Urldr* ««•«> •??>'»«»«' »» »^ ^'"^ •"'^ ^"' *^ MMrthrtiuchw«t.to«*««lburin««wet)fthemo.trhs v ,^,.' ^tlt^ to be ooorid««l I, buying or filing th. Intor*^ of . p«tn.r «« bn^n^ I. to knot tJ «uS P«»ntary amount of th»t lnt«r«t, or.how much of th. net n-ouroe. of the ^^J^uTm^pron^ecii^ lnter.rt.or the-good will" of the concejn, I. « .fter - S^D««r««rid«^oo. ThTtatere-t which «y «»1. or p^tUl proprietor h« In . con- ^ta*^ ^^taT-tmen^ p/« hi. -«• of the gidn, or m.--^ SLllZw If N h« SrMdy b«n er^llted with M. nrt lnT.rtm.nt, it U only neoo-ry to ^^S^'^\nL gan 1 10-, which, cnrried to the credit or debit .Ide of hi. •ccoMn^ !!^^ m^Ae. wlUmiJiethat «»ount «?«». hi. reid Intereet In th. bueln.... Th.. *^u!fSffliLWbIlL^ Th. method oC McorUtlnbHt g.ln. «d lo-c. whore book. ar. U 1 be d«; ?S£X with certainty^ «actne«. That the rtudent -^^y^-^J^ ilTdSfem^ to th. two .vitem^h. i. ^uerted to write up th. following »rl-,MJn Sir^tlnDonblafcrform. Thl. prooe- wfll ^«1 a mor. wr««Ubl. dtatlni. ti«b.tw« th. tw9 .yrtMMtMco^ »»•»*'»«*'" •^~' i-Pi :^V I10BO.OO :«660.ad i^k A..4 1$#^. P. 8P««V «Ki E. R. kltoo unit. In coparU««hlp for th. r^^^XrS^^^ of BuUdlng. B«A W r«|dv. Interert on hla avrag. ta- r^. ■. , rvj. Lw.^*^ failf ¥ aiji Eri.Bank,S^Otf^» BUI. Jtaod»aW.>i follow.: Notilf of A. ILiSTwI ?^ibi^t«^^ Nov. 1, 1859. J 00 dyfof ■ttaOi. t^/H Willi •! oowM, b. wlU^rt to »!»•.■. •o«4l. J408l.7» pt^tokMp.Bink Mwwt tewwDt} feriMh ttlfc — ^ m my- '» .- . ,.. ■■"..'■ ■■* ■ .Am ,j».-^' ; A- ... . ■ - v.'U'" (9 . -*-% i EXERCISES FOK THE LEAENER. / E. R FsLToa Immn: Uih, llfiOO ; Toolt, ImpInnraU and MaUirUli, |1000; UnfinUMd Contnot with Smltk ud 8oa»— praMnt vkIim, ISOOO.* \t i\ ^■1 ■1.1 \ Sd. ReoeW«d from Smith tt Bona, oMh on ?l, 1756} Depodt«l th« Hm# In N. Y.'* E. BMk. ad. P»ld Uborara OMh m p*r Receipt Duok, •U7ft} Paid petty enpecieee, M p»r E« pcnae Book, 110.75. 4th. Bo't ht>nn and dray for uae of bualneeei (br whieh gate rheok on N. Y, and fc. Bwik, WfiO; Contractwi with A. II. Tracy to bulTd for him M Delawar* Street, % brick realdenoe} amount of contract, II 5.000. Reeeived c«d^ In advance, aa per agreement, 15000. Dapoalted the aame In Bank.f 5th. Paid plumber'a bttl on Smith di Bona' houae, per check, $375 j Paid maaona and laborera on Smith it Bona' Mnaa, per check, lisp. eih. Flnlahed amall job for J. G Ganaevoort, on South DivWon Stj^ for which he owea iia •,%40.(M.- 7th. R«oelved oaah of J. C. Ganaevoort on account, MiOO. 0th. EnU-red Into contract with MilUrd Fillmor^ to build for him a cottage on Nlagwi Strict, for •tKMH); Received cad> on contract, liOOO. 10th. Paid cadi to C. Kohler for/OO M. preaaed brick, 111 per M. ; Bo\t of Setb I'leroe, Lockport, on %, 90 bbla. cement/ 11.60. ISth. pai^ Dean lllchmond'a «iraft on W; P. Spencer, per chuck, 1500} Pald/carpenter'a billon Smith di Bona' houae, per check, 11800. 18th. Finished Smith di Sone' abntraot, and delivered th^. ^ the keya of the houae. Rendered bill for the aame, aa per extract, 17500, which waf'ao cepted;J 15th. Paid laborera and maaona cash, aa per Receipt Book, %|75; Paid eaah foi aundry expenaea, aa per Expenae Book, 125. 18th. Received of SiijItWl Bona, note 9 60 daya, to balance %, tiiW. 20th. Received caah for amall joba thia week, 1400. 21at. Re- ouived caab of J. PUiner on %, $150 ; alao, of Henry Gray, In Aill of %, ^SSO. 22d. Paid laborera, per Receipt Book, caah, ISOO; Paid aundry expenaea In caah, aa per Caah Book, $35. 26th. Paid E. R Felton, caah, on *, 1500. 26||^ FInlahed job of repairing outhouaa for Jacob Van Brunt, for which ha owea na, aa per bflTof Itema, 1 176. 28th. Paid oaah to laborera In fldl to data, •878.60. 80th. Paid oflj^ rent In oaah, 860 } Paid Book-keeper Ui dator per check, 1126. / ibraMr (IBM) hetiag tinUy btm ok iatorwi 4 (•1500). Mag drew* wlthmit iaUfwl, la worth ii auktari^. (Wo ihali, ia IkU oaao, whMi \»1%,) Thmtan, la givtag Mr. aoto at ito fcaa, INM^ ^ Ibr laional oa alllaftiaOiliaeO^aMaatlko latarMlqia' got il will bo aiii n i i y oaly to endil Mr^ Uiii b woHk lU INi oad tba laMwl to ><>^V''^ • « -. I... __.. . ^ • IiUoao»o«iy.to^aooo/AlokloilooaW4l*wHMoaooa»raolw«lhtbo|»H^fcrWho«wo^^ bo poHbnao«. aa4 ailbor toaoivo a^ by mularty >iod laalalawiu. or aiibo ooaipl«M*sfl*^ mmtntt. Ia aU ■aoh OMOO, il wodd bo oaiiaoau/propor to koop a li|Mrih«oataialBg a traaioHpl oT oMb W*mMt», tad • •y«««« aoooaatwilboaokjob. Thlalooft-doa^^ov.. whoi. tho book, arok.pl by Hiaglotatry. ">• «*>r^ ];•>,"* of tW. "Oalaidi«l Coeiraor* la, of Marao. ba.od apaa iko aotaat labor p or fof i d , Md aoTp^d for. wid the arproiiowl. gala tha. I^r NaUaadL Tho aatidpaud gala ia Iko hrthor ooiaptytioa ol Ao work ihoald. ^ rigkl, boiharodbylhopartoori,tboiaB»a»gaiD.accruiaglVo«aowoi)o»r«!ia. 1 ^ .w, __._^ .. .w- t It woold aoi, of ooofM. bo propor Ut- ohorgo ^Ir. Tnwy, diioctly, with Iko ameont of thte oaatrael. aa tho werkioaotyoteoaiploiod. Wo ihoold, howoror, oiodit kiai o« ooooaat for tko gsooo advaaood. I Bailk * Sou aaw ewe U la thoioforo plopor to chaiip tkota,diaataioeal r- .A j^*fi S'"^«^'|-^ 'jT r^ I J, EXEUOISES FOB THE LEARNER. '■ ' $f IMMolntloB of t)op«irtB«nhiv. Tito oopMtiiOThIp kmtolbr. Mlting bMwMii W. P. 8p«»M»r tiid E. R. Felton ta thi. lay dlMolrVd br mati»l oonMnt, Mr. 8p«io.r raring (Vom th« finn. The oondU on. of th« dlNoluUon «, that the nUrinf p«rtn«r •hdl r««l»« for hi. Inf re-t, (m ^own by hi. ~5P6»nt •(tor being audited with W. *«• of Ih* gdn.) ooeJialf «»h, uhI ona-h^f not^ p^y •bU In tla mofithm wltih int«rw( from d«U. " - „ * ^ TU IbMrarow and UiU>UMm of th« CwMwn At this tiiM «r* M followt i lb Jt«*o«rMt. laMUHMi .rj-i-ir ■ -T..-.'-al.-.: '""""fl Cub OB band, A«r GL B. . . DiUaiiW ki BoiiK NotM on hand ...... Intenat du« on aiin. .... BmUukm diM on', pertonal •»■ oounts . • . « • . Ilorw Mid Dray Tool. Mid ImplemMits . . . YaluktioD of uniinidMd oon- tFMt. •«...• «I0 8M0 U 740 3A0 iboo 64| BalMiot dm on p«rwHud uv il Intcreat for unnxplred Uine on Buah'. (ior«*pUin<« . ^17.50 Do. qn Smith ii Sun.' \ not* Sll67 ^-^,r,r_Ert MM W, P. SpMioer, net In- , Te.tmtot . . 7B0O Int. ol^%m« . . 44 12545 55 S. R Felton, nM inv. 17000 Int. on wmn . 48.M *_ Total neignin . . . . ! ' Wf P. Spencer /V • > ' 1*''^ E.R Felton A • '*2,48 _:_ .-_A.. 704Si 80 From tjw nboTe nclMdvle wt, an ejubled to wrlTa nt the •"<>tSIH^ ^'' P*"*",! preant btereat In the eonoem, which 1. the Intcreit to be purohawMT--. no, partner, .hoidd now be cwdlted each with the iotereat on 111. nverake oepltal. Mid alao hi. «im« of the gain. When thia la don^ their IndlTidual aoeounta wUI AoW their aepMmte Intere^a In the concern. The bualnew wUl now U oantinue4, in th« anmfboolt^ under the wle proprletorAip of Mr.Faltoo. ^^■ C12S ti torSl,. iWr -I *.IM im^fcam «H.»>di^. •• .h«.M b. oi>li«d I. 0.1. Ihu a><>«k Llbo4 ■fSiailri.lM «h* .Wfii. «Hil.l to -oi* iWly f sptolMd I. Ila .piifopriat. ptoe*. w. ibaU only Ia41- iTtbto mmmUm. SLt tb. .oilSiSS^ dliwM -iMbod or •btatalag tbto rwiU to to ncko. iptemt oa tU ' toT-tSTAJTS; Tu .r i.« J3r& i.U •f^jMltoa^ei. »». «btob M.«t tii. i.l.r..l o« -!«.». iavwlad wilbdnmi ««ai Ih. iaimtt irtlMiaWal to h t ^ #% V i:;**%. ♦.« ZKROIISa 70H TUl LEAUNEl. XVffililtr 1, 1M9.— E. R. Falton Km thhi day purohMad th* Intorwt of hw fcrmtr pwtSOT W. P. SfHMin In tiM eoaoani of •* SpMioar and Fallon," ud propcMw to eonUniM th* buabMM In hi* ««ilMm«. Paid for Um Mln^ eheok on N. Y. di E. Bank. HtMM \ NoU • « wdo\ «iU^ \^Stil from date, Ma'<)&.d3. 3d. Raoalrad oaah in Aill for prtnoipal and lnt*r«at on A. MJaap^Nol*, dua Jan, 1, l80Oi NoU, IftOO-, Intoraat to dat% $14M, »d. Paid fladi for tini^> liAl, for roof and leaHrra on Mr. Flllmora'a oottaga, 1150; Paid Charlaa Eljr'a bill In jpi; ror ailla and 1int«la fur A. II.Traojr'a oellar, ISO. ftth. Paid workmen to daU in cu/^PtSHM. 0th. Compl«t«d Job for 8. O. Hara*, aa par bill of iUma, for which ha o«raa UfO. 7th. PaM caah for ton of hay, 120; and for SO bushela oata, • 75a, •37.S0. Oth. Bb> of Jacob Va|(Brunt, on %, 10,000 foet pine lumber, (• lie, 11600. lOth. lUto'd oiMh for* Job of maaoii.work, done for Pater OraliMr, 1135. 19th. Paid workmen lo dale, fiec; check, lUTA. l|th. Finiahed Job of maaon-t#ork for Urial Driggs, Tonaw^a, for which be owaa t37&. SOth. Cumpleted oontraot with Millard Fillmore, and randflB^him bill for the 8am^ 10000. SSd. Paid lahorera' wagea, per oiwik. to date, 11450. nS. Paaaed our D(^9 00 d'a, to l(erritt Crandull, for hill of Lumber to date, 13000. 35th. Received <^ of U^ Drigita, in MHor%, 1375. 30th. Received caah of J. C. OanaeTOort, in foil of %, •310.64. Vnk. Paid #ftrkroan In foil to date, per check, |56S. tOth. Paid aundry axpenaea In caah, aa per Expenae 9ook, M75. ■ ' %■ ' ■■■■■ i-:.^/ ■"# ■ :, Mr. Felton now pr<^M9* ^ ^'^^''ffS* '''' ^^'^ ^ Doubljp Entry, preparatory to which ha Mr. Felton now pnMMa to 9mgp us pocpa to ln>udi| i:,nu makea the following atdBnt oK<4ll -Qonditlii of bia busliMH :* St$omtet$. GriR on hand, per C B. JBalance in Bank . . , . . aand Implementa. '''. , Notaaonhand . . . . . IXm on perannal acoounta ' , ltora<^and Dray V^w of uafiuished contra^ tttt LitUUlltt. ^^^^■F www »T^^P> le on pf raomi aoootirita . . " v«otea . . 0iftf . ^ >«Felton, ftet inveatmeijj^C **':'•' net gain ..*^» ;• - . .■;.*;.'■ ■; . , 68fi5 7390 7785 1543 The atudentip requested to enter up theae aceounta in the Ledger, according to the exaro« plea given in the previoua Set, and to continue the'bualneaa in Double Entry form, for ono inonth, originating his owntransactiona, and clodng Ua Ledger^ the end of the month, aooordiog to tha prlndplea of Double Entry. * \ » • It mm b* •vMMt, from th«M freqorat •UtMMnts, that J«Mt m oftoa m It la siawiiry, fcr •■/ ftfOM, te kmtw tb* •laet eondiiiaii of tb* budncM, Ui* MSMot or/MM«aM rtprMMUag the aapllal— MaaUy aalM Steek Aenmat, or Putntn' Aoeouator^ott b« mad* to •gTM with Ibf diflbnoM b*twMa tha tbMlala rwo^roM of tha •oaatra Md Ha ouliida HaMlitiaa. In Doabia Eatry Booka Ikia U doe* b; earrylag le Ikaia aeaoaaU IM naalt at tha RfprMaataUTa aeroanta. wbieb U lh« aat pia or loas. Aa thara era ao aaak aaaaanta la Siagto Ratij, tha mutf o l j a a t to at t al aa d b y taWag tb a d tft waea ba tw aaa t ha aayl l al at ' aaaia n aa lag a a d at a l eal ag , wbk h waat^^C- \ 9oaraa, ba tha net gala or loaa. Any autcmrat ahowlag raaouraaa fad llabillliaa will aflbrd all tha i iWA#J>oabUEntr]rBo«ka,erforaajrpur|ioa«aoraagotlatioa«karayartaats'lalara8taara 168 V' / / ■% PW^dHP^ < .Mg!^-/^^ % 17 *"_ /' . V FARM ACCOUNTS: nraioMfM % PRACTICAL FORM OF JOURNAIm, OTHER NEW FE \1- JT*.. :t r^»- -r , . ' ' '~- ' " '^^■■■; , " ., ■ > ". . -■".'- ■.'. ■-,'.. . , ■ J i M i:.::-;,. •, -^ ■ ■..■/•■-■-■ ■■ ■ '•. ■ ' ■ "" ■« ■v ■-' ' . ■ ' /•-•;.\:. ■ . : '' i '' '; * ' ■ ; .'V'^ki^C- ■ "* ■; ■ , . ...■-.-.-■ ;"■■' ■• : ■■ ; :. .; ■ ■.'. .-■ ■j'v\;- '^:> .■I 1 r. ■-•■v%-'",^f?§r' * « lABi AO06UNT8. FAUM ACXJOUNTR p.if ' i 'f* 4 ' /■ hr tlM lamtthm whMi Ibllotr, w« k«Ta •ougkl to llliatrata, bHally. Um biwInMi <# flm big ll !■, of oourM, tin|Mwui>l«, In ao tkmtti • sfiM^ to gi«« Um dally rouUn* of what might b« u •y »md U) ocmr in ooimMtkin with thia bualiHw ; but wa kovo andaovorad to nuka aaak raoord m maek aa |KMatbia liia rapnMMiUtlva of a olaaa, and thua, witbout unnnfmary rnpattelon, to JKdicaU and wifbmi In thia tl«|Mirtniant of iuduatr/ tha priodplaa wkioh w« h*va fiMind appiio> . 4bia gaaaraltj to btt^hMaa ttanawitlonai la oaruin t Awnt U l paHknibtra alt dapartmenU of buainoaa aaaimllata ; and any panolfaHitlao WhMi maj eiiM will b« i|bund to dapcmd, n' or, what la tha aubatantlal proof of gafa^ /ncTMa* ^f rtmurttiu Something niuat pfMluoa thto IneraSaa, whatbar It ba flnanclal MplUl, dr «tar|^iai» or both oomblned. In varloua kinda' of bualnaaa Utia producing powar la Ifvlparly rapreaentad und«<> diadnot tltlaa, uaually auhdlflaiona, of tha gaowal aooount. For , ItaUnoe, In common mar^antila bualnaaa, the ^tira gtin or loaa may ba ab>wn In a general '^Ifen.handuM" acoount^or ihrougb a variety of oorrelatlva aocounfal, auob aa, "Shipment,** . • Advaptura,"" Etpaaai," « Loaa and Galn;"^ and tha apeclAo titleo of tha diflbrant kinda of fhai«hciidl8«it i^ik aa^ "Cow*" ♦• Wbait," •♦ Flour," " aoth," " Sugar," eto. In a bwiking bual- •DfM «ka mm «bmmoil (Itiaa given »0 producing agisnU ar^ ** Intaraat," which ahowa gaina and joaMM accruing homWuMmj loaned, Mid. " Exchanfa," abowlng tiinUar reaultp In buying and tailing unourrani or yvamluin flinda. In li puraljroommlfalon bualnaaa, " Cummlaalon** aooouiU Ikuaad forthia frntpmiW^. In any profaatoiiM iHtalMpa, ** Piwlaaaioo," *' SaTvioa,^ or " U- lw,"wo«MaM«sor'MkriiMuha.aii4c' ;.■..:„;.,-"■:•::'.,./ 'i'-'^ la alioit, It roi)«tM«iM> gi^ ^bri «r IIhi liMg^t^ to Mip|^y Umm imnt. In ad^Hw, : 4)f iMf dapartment of b t i alnaaa; $nd It la only nipmiary to know tba routbia of tnuia««tioaa to W i^fo to piWartbot vHb |raat aeearafly^ both apprapriaU tltian and fomM, . b^^ha-buabMaa bafora na #• kpfo hqi t|«naaotiomi Which ara «ot aaall^ aubjaotad to ttia gen inl jprfaolplaa ahnattly adMiMMi I Md «««n tba fonna^ although at<)^ tainlng tha vaOrMd^notof ooa«iau«tiQQ,B««d oal> b« •MnlMd to ^ r«^/ and |hi(K«N«hly ' yiMlaratooa. Ona umitlal pobii «tth Mm fkmw Is to Iw abla to dIapMa* idth Iflimtemmrfiw^i a other «rard% to do ailffltfi writing Mpoaalbla. Tha •• PradlMl'* Journal gfTon bi this «(iii. * «MkN|will,lf«doptod,aaettr»toMmthtaadtrantagahianaaaeBtialdegna. Tbk form, nMnily iMlMth»«8l4t Oluna JoarMa,** la oat of tba moat practical mi oompnheaaiva in naa, sad # applloabia to say hiad of bwainws. Ito |>riaaipnl ihatura..4hat of aflbidiiw apodal jMlnmno Ibr Om aoeoun«i moat uaad— nwy b« enrrtad to mf sxtanfc (IfririMa. Tba rfauli^to a vsal saving of ttma bi fMNtlng, and Sdditlonal aaourity Sf to tlia ooRfsetaasa of tha werfL Tbs •Mx^luma Jouniat'* is astaaslvaly )|sad In MtaU dry gooA^sst^IishmaatSu Tba sttbdivlaioB of Um •^ Fartn^ aooount, aa shown In tUs ooonactloa^ fa also a fa»tu»« ct ta d upt ad j o rnot^ at pb i^u ra i , f — - III , D i r iii iK .i i .i •*-*« mtm^ m 's: : ■/t OASn MKMCKBANDUM BOOK ■■;', o«iili BC«aior«adma Book. 1W •draataflM of • Owh Amk tn hiMfiMM Minnnt U ovvrrstod ; Mwi, to • UiorouKh bMlf^. <^.t '|Ma MMi M17 «rf«m«nt In flkvor qC >(« uM wnuM Im •up^rfluoua. It k thn gr««t or of FliMlM, ami U «llli« MMUtUl fo th* m«iti)Muit, tk* nM(:hwtUi» th* (lunwr, Iha prur.«*ind It. A amall pocket ni«n»«>ira«dHm book, aiirh aa all at*- Uooara kai.p, la eollWwit Ibr thia purpoaa, and iha writing majr ba xloijf aHhar with prwdl « '- Ink. U ahoiild ba oarrlad tonilmmll), that no axcuaa may «»lat fw emitting tha *niry of rvoaipta and dkbiir*manU of caah, whi«h ahiMild al«aya ba adiorMl •! «Af <••»*, TKa Ulaii«in| may ba dona dally or weekly, aa moat «in»cnl««nt. " "' , ' \_ In tha form balow wa haVa akhlbitM) tha caah tranaactlona tat one month, «Kk)!t to 1 ^ttoahowUMVMof thoform. * Blirwdal* Furm, Mtroh 1, I860. m/4. Mtr. 1 1 ft I 1 10 10 IS 18 1ft 1« 17 10 10 90 T-«.-i-aiiS.- . i-—*^ ",«■'- Amotittt on hand . . . . '• . » • • • Ueoalvad fur 10 Ilia, Buttar, I'ij 10 dot. Egga, M . . Paid for Johjiny'a IV»t^ •» ; Ckp f"' •'•"/» 76o. . , ; Bold lObuabcIa Whtmt, AII.SO , . Paid for aat of Harrow Tweth, W; 8ho;■■ i 15 :i ' II fi 4 li 17 ! 10 >l ift A • n AO 18S l( r n- a 4ftH- l! 1 \[ .fv. 1 few. 50: 1ft ftO Pqwaited In TTolyoke Bank ... < • « Itooaivad'for Butter, $4; Ch*«ae, HftOj) Appleai |8.7ft . . Paid for rv(wiriiig ImpK^nenta . ... . • • • iM.it Ouurtaa J ouaa fur painting Ilouaa . . . •.il**'* 80 «i .1. ■: 'I ll.ftO io.[saJ' 8ft »0 .'^f .•■' *■ - -'1 '■ ■ 'I'f U.-^ m 'aaoiaftiaw 3ft- i' .. ^^-;;-j!' T :s:\ .' v.. 'UV" ' "* '\ >^^«sj; ,.*;'■; -> f ARM ACCOUNTS,— HISTORT OF TIUNSACTIONS. BlTWtfal* furai, Northamptoo, tfardi 1,' IBdtfr TIm followlnf Lkt wnbrscM the n*\ aixl prrwHMl property Mid dubu of WtlliMn Mitokell, , iktrmer who to eule pruprletor of ** Riverd«le Farm," In the town of NorUuuiptoa, Utm, —SttomrffB. -~ — ■■./■■•,.,, 75 MN* wldvated land, it 1300; 10 do. wnuda pMturv, • $300; dwKlltng-hnua^ out- buUdtuga, and Impruvoim-nta, riTiOO; 9 carriage h4>nMm.$n75; 195 da. oata, $110; 10 tone hay, 1190; 60 buahfia p»(MUM«,$in..'M); iVtwl, l.^; 50 iharwi Cunnaoteul Rlvar a a Stuck, $&00U ; omIi In baud, $190 i do. depH( entile (hr^wltiig and grailng, for $0S0; Paid liiMidieokooIIolyokeB»iik,$aoO.; noJe<«:WdVforbalunou. $' raid caah fbir the following articlea': BooU for Johnny, $3 ; Cup (br Harry, lio. Sold Jamea Raiiki ftir tn%h, 10 buahela whtiat, Ot $1.30 per binhet ; Paid cpwh JRir aet ol harrow teethi $3 ; Biiowiiig burM, $1.50. . ; . _-„-,, ,;.^::^:..: _.;--J',.. 7 . - T-—' Paid caak for "0. P. A^righfa grobiry bill, $17.60. ^ __- :.■',.- - . ■.■.-'■ 10 ' " -. . • « . V' P<^^ Mr«d Jhpm cMh for aervioea to data, aa per roc^tpt,^$IO ; Sold for onah, 16 buahalv potatiMii, • tl-^ buahtil. t i . .^^^ JBold L 8 BUia^ Ilatfidd, 9 yoir old colt, for $135 :W \ Pidd eaah for premium for biaiininoa on llrm bwlldbiga^ ^'3<|^ Paid Mra. Mitchell caah for houaehold bspraioa, $3. '. -IBoId C & dark dt'Co., for 6uK, 90 buabnla oat|^ • 75a - - ■ ■ , ''-^-'-p:^ - " .. Paidjeaaii for ahoea and U't^a for children, $k?6 ; Do*t of S.'C ,vr '"«!,""*» I «5«;*^«w 1:. i ' • ■ vlan guano, for $80. . ■ . ■ * 1 .. - ■ ■■ - ; * ■"-•■ *' ■ ■ ■■"-■■ If:..-' v.. ' ■ . . '. -Irf-t..''.: J. a -■:4-i4i;-. >■ : ■ ■• •':>'N*>v:-^ ;,.,■;. i,;;,k : ^'^ ■ \\AAl M|OUt- I colt urlage, IMWUl • 6)1 butter, >; Pali Mt ol btialiMlv FAim'XCCOyNTS.-UlSTpRY OF TRANSACTION^ BlTwdikl* Farta, KoriluuBptoi^ Karolr 19, I860.' „ ;\^ ** ?M on. y-rtih-^ptlon to IUmHilr«0«»tt^to«Mh.ll.aOi Yi^jr coiitHI)«tk» U poor flind, •!»; P«« »«>^ I q«»rtD'. •*• ^T^ * - vi '< ^- '^ '■ : / ^ P Jd Dr. Jonoo cMh Hfil'lng t«»^'«' •* • ^.1* «Mh to Bridgmmi * OlUK fcr bookt, IV foMHmin«i&ar»Te«,ft)r«Mh,10«lioep,«t9i»rhiii / -* ReoolTod flwh tor |»ouHry ioiit to mwlwt, W. iv^*-. A m^ \m- <■■../ ■» . ■ ' ■ - .si- l^l^tod la IlMyoko Dmk, eMh, llSOl .♦ ' «•■ tr lUeelTod CMh for butt«r,diMM mmI eggk, 110.26. . W» -v. Paid B. Lk Klngdcy, eMh, tor|nf(klring farm ImplemMiUr W.^. .. ..-^... . .... „.-,: Pa|d Charlw Jonao, «mIi, for painting houaa, 195. •p. ♦■■';"■■'■"''-■:•' * ' ■ , April t . ■,.: « R«^v«l OHh tor Iriarketlng, h tollowi: 2.5 iU. butt«r;4i^aa«. ; 10 biukpototo-, • fl Paid Tlieo. H^ ooh, for 1 too plaater, 18. « ., ^ Paid CMh for wlntor'i tchool bin, boolw, 3(0., •IT.SO. ■ .--- -- '" " art . .■■' ' ■ ■; .■ ■■ * ^' '. Bo't of J«w>« Hubbard, on *, 88 buahA mXa for, aoed. (I (Mfe p«r bi»lwL ^,-— — ;-■. ... ' M; • ■ ■ Paid hired hands In foil to date, MO. * /♦ • Wtoy 1' ' . ItMriTed oaah for divided on Conn. Riv. II. U. atock, b% oiT •.VK»0.. . Paid cadi fori new ploi|i{10} For repairing old plow. »* - ^ ' BtchahgedhoraaaWlthRT.Wpod; PaWdiir«fWiwln«di,m ^ Pidd hired haada to data, oaah, 155. JwM I : 16 ^ . BoVforo«;ow,I«a^^^»««.woodplanoJ.forW75^ Paid ibr tl^)li^«, dwA * JWj"*^ > , IWiik, 175 i nuto • uto'a for balance. ^ - #■ PiM Mied luwdiWdrt^WO^ _;_ ■old, tor caah, 8 buahcla eherriea, 9 M per buthel ; 6 do. mirranta, at •!. 1 w 4. . . .. i .-■ ■ '* \ n .,.'.. ^ m • / 178 «^ 1 " » .*■ ■■ 0j^ 9 ':' ^- V ■ .' -■ " ■ f- ■ . ' •*! - ,# * • .. 'vr ' t • " A i- ,'.... '^.-■^-- ili:'"''' jj."- J /■ -'•■^^^t^t^'" -" I- '? »* ^:z;x^-^ ♦. !■* * h W ' KAHM ACCOUNTS,— niSTOHT OP TRANSACTIONS. :■- V ■ . 7 ■■ ^ BiTwrdal* Futt, NorthamptOM, Jolj 10, 1860. Paid OMh for groceriM, 14.75 ; inm psttoni^i Btoddmrd 6t Unoolii'a bill Am itj gooda,|l7.fta ^ ■ ^ « Finialied putting and harveaUng h«j, whksk haa baao aatiimtad at TS (ona, worth, oa •■ avaraia, $10 pw too.* .; .. ■ __. tft- — ^ — :. - . _„- Bu*t of Henry Claghorn, for Cash, 3 Berkshir* piga, llA. . 10 ■■■.' .. ■ ^-^^ -,..„._ ■old for cMh, S Ikoga, tas ; « Uunba, tlO i 8 oalvaa, •! -.,. .-,... .-.-..—^ t\ ■:. \- ..■ - -^ Paid oaah to tilrwl hMda, 197.80. Baeatvad caah of Benjamin Claghom, In Aiil fotr Um ren^ of 10«era loi, aa par eontraot, laOO. Reodvad Oiift for paaturaga, to dalt, MtS. .. . . ' '... 10 --■- .■■ .. •• :-...■ - ■ .--;...-.-- Sold Oravea Bro'a, Floranee, 10 tona hay, • 111 ; reoelTed oaah, |50; balanoa on %. . * ♦ 80 Pinlahed threahing grain, and hava put In bina, aa the raault, 360 buahela- wheat, wqrtk 11.50 per buabel i 300 do. oata, « 7&C ; &0 do. rye, 41 40a 30. - , .. u.,.*,:? ^, Paid hired handa oiah, to data, it50. / -•■■.- ■ ,,^, -> ■: , 8«pt. 5 ^:, ^ :-. ■,,.^.-^.:..:.^' f Sold for oaah, 80 feuahela wheat, 9"$1. 08. r > /■ Z^- - ■■■^ 10 — -.- L, FinlMhed harrimjtii^ poutoea, I|m reault of whidi ia, that we iiaTe in oellar 78 bualUli^ worth 75e. per buahol. ■ I 18 ■) Mi fat eaah, 30 bmhoTa potatoea, • 87|a Ilave gathered A-om orchard, 100 buahela applea, worth SOe. per btuhel. Ovl. 6 :.,#--;.:?- Sold for rash, the folloirlng produce : 300 burfMla wheat, • #1 .60 ; 800 do. oorb, • Itti. 40 do. autjtwea, # i » 85 da »pp>"*» f ^^ - _ Paid hired hiuda to date, caahl |76. * , . , , ,( . . • i^ \^ ^ .-..^..,, .. . .__ _:_ — _^ Reodved oUlh for paaturing 16 head of cattle, 178 ; 10 horaea, |A0. rr *'nioald v« kefp bnl on«|,,||«nmriI proHiidnK aceoimt for tht fkmi, thli entry eoald not properiy b« mudtia* '^ tlM)o«mal, t» it wdulil ii*e»Mit*t« Ixilli ■ il«Uil unii ■ erwiil lu thA one ■ecouni, inuniucli »* there bu been liulMttf ^ 4U|Mwv4 i>f, (iMt cunKMiUenll.r, nnt'iinf totuallj pmduWlt ^ If, buwerer, ifj; deilre to keep dp the dUtinetiuut lA'' fPMTH iM 4UIVri(iBi *utMl m«Mm » oi Ihf nenyj l jemuiil, ^ !■> tbe I^e^jpr (brni'^iiiwn, the enirjr in (hif cue will bei " V*^.,M»" Vh. to " Betf Malt^" « SroT Om wbdivUibiit tbottM ehow iu eott Md proeeede, the mm* M tif ^ '•tr"7'^ FARM ACCOUNTS,— niSTO^T OF TRANSACTIONS. BIwWbd* Fan*, Northuiptoa, Ocrt 18, IMO. P»ldB»muelimi,jr.,OMh,lnfliUof JJ, #75.., • Paid ouh In fliH tot aoto, brorVoMthM Dswaa, dm April «. Faoe of nol«, |8S0 ;.fnt«rMf tpdat^llLar. • ' « ^ ' Md TlMyar di 8«rgMM, 4 iUt (wttkt for tSfiO, oaah. •eU Aivan R C^jhoro, OB 1l,^tom h»7, • |10 p«r 109. From Inventory UkeO, ws wn propartd to Mtlniate the amount oonromod fey fcmlly alal UW^k ainee *Ma»i^ 1, which ta aa f..llow« : Famut Einwaaa— Mutton, lift ; p«»i;lil*IU7 ; poulti^ IH ; egg« Mid milk, 110; flour, #40 ; potaUxif, 110. Lwa Sroci-Com, $50 ; h«/, 175; f«ld,»35-, oata,|a7; paaturage, 150, ' : SI ITpon careAiI cat^mation, th« apportionment of eiipenaa, aa eharged In the *♦ Expei\a«** H, (!«»,•) ahould be aafoUowa: To real eatata, 1164.50; live atook, 1851.26; produoe, •8*.25. ^ i^ »>■ '•'' SIX-COLUMN JOURNAL. ■;-j.. Tmi peeulUr characteriatica of the practlai Journal here Introduqsd irin be Immediately underatood and appredatod.' Ita advantage^ay be ly-Ujfly aUtfid, aa foBowa : . ^- Fir$t—\ vaat aaving of time and apaiiintr posting ' i . 5w»«*-Embrvlng Uie princlplea of /o«r bookltlit oi«#, via. : Carfi Book, Invoice Book, Sftlea Book and Journal.^ ^ ' 4 TAirJ— Showing monthly totfda of ^l>rlnclpal aoooorita In ^e Ledger that the aama may be ooftipared year after year^ ?.' # ^ t- j u /•owrM— Am>rdli(g an Qpp}»|«wl»y fo po^ peramial accounta Immediately, the deblta and credit* appearing acpkratt4f*WMle*8undrlea'' coluinn. ^,,1 jf^/VA—Gl ving addltlottal ipf^iuriiy of tW|*orr,^nt*i of th* Ledger, there exlatjng no prob- ability of omitting d4blt« and ^redjta of the aame amount. +- Want of "piice will pruvent the giving of hiori than one month'a tranaactiona through thte form. 1>e atudont la requeated' t«> write up the n-maiuder aa given in th.i n>«monindtt, putting the montha of Aprti, May^Jluiie 1^ Jmly together aa one month, „aiid Augua^ Sep temlier and ()ctub«raaone. t U. '' u , The method of poatlng from thie Journal la extremely simple. ^ '^jo acparatc items In the • •Sundriea" Ci.lumn are posUnl the same aa from the common Jourtml, while the awoa/ito of , the ** Caah" ijnd *f Farm" oolunnia are pustod at ^ii> close of each montit ' Tblsldea" of special column*/ 1» »•«< original with any m«Hlim aullwV, as vnriotisly claimed, but has lKH;n.in use, to a greater or leas extent, fi>r a quarter of a ctntury. The principle can be carrie.1 i» any di^irable extent; and in a«nue ji.W.ing hoilses aa many aa elffkl six-clal debit and credit oolumna ar« used, ^e ftfrm given In thla connection 4b auAiclent to IpdkHrt^*^-^ principle. ?''^'v.' ■ Sr • |»«Jd for •***!«• D»<"«>»»«»'«'«'»lf' t .TliU \» ihe cair when Ih* form U u«»d In • gtwml marelintdiaa bati Mas isWt sod ewlit, would b^^Cwb," and ".|M«»." « .. 176 ..- •* tlwi!PMiWoolam% Ji 'W - ^. ' ! ' ,»« ----^/v: -ii-.^- :_-,4i,i^,^ ■. ' .^ ' :.j r j:..' i:gj .^ ;' . - t- ■l a r^ ^i 'sr- f > m St - iT ^J Vt ^a .t.'Sir—' — " -'-•'-TS.SJ'^rr l«ii l«i I I 4i 1 CO ^ 11 if, u. > IS w I •l o — If t22 "T. • • •- •4 ' ' _ i " 'i :|:: •p. I. r •1 > ' — -^ • — .. • • 1 - • • 1 ■i ( .Of t • • ! •v- rl . • • t 1 £=* c 4 a 1 g ^1 1 1 - ■■* ! ' •"-V ^ ■ : r" /■ „ ■■"- ■, llf T^ 4f • i"- ^ 'S ; ■V.-' 177 I • 12 . . 5' t T''™»^j5,,»«'r*fip5J*'Aj"," r 3 - 8 I Wk''. M (fi 3 I _i. ,<1 t ■...I " I .*! '-.a C* • « • ^ I T ■ ■ • f-- f ,*' - -* • •1 --^qj 4 ••Jilll Is ll» 3 r^ jl Jjl 1.1 6i I <-. i «i • i| I 3 3 3 1 M in -^ S 1 i (3 i h I it» :■ ..'«!• •T 'TiTjvsr- Y> i fi >''T'* '' T i li P lit i f & S 2* I 00 Ph M •/ eil*., . . . . &C^a FmqII: •El tftO ttiS • ••••)' 4 8808 I 60 . • • ^ • • • 4000 1. : ¥f ( . 7« i ftftO Sft! •0 40 iiaa vastt\ 70ii . . Gbih . . . A. N. Ciafkorn . • ' . ■ Yum . . . • ^i . . 4. A. XlMmrir . . J. . . . Onrw Bruthera . . H» i i.-, . . latoratt. . . . .1*. • I ijfcjw •• 4^117 78 48117 s474»]7o; aooo *o 91. OS 7« If «iir ' — (:' IUAi.EnATl, 8S «n;~ LMd, vBlucd rt ..... . ««OJJ « • • ■^,f I>w«llkiig-Iir lU dlimetar^ dedmal.7854. . ' ' ■fe Jjpt I ^ft» ~ ^""^"«^ ,;\ t !• X (■ PBACtlUA 8 Won FARMERS. -, ami 4 fiMt bigK ^^ ■»«•) UTO, Uw nunilwr »f oubio ftNtV LemiH i> * lfha at tita •iiuUI eiul by i)t»-ht\t thm nwn\mt wf IiivImm, mm! tola produu* by Um l*mgth of ihn U^ In /«♦<, whiuh UmI pruduet aivU« by I'i. ExAMfLR.— How iiuny ftwt of Imnbcr owi b« road* (turn • Uf which l« 'M liuh* te dUiii«'«r Mid 10 Ami lo«| t ' /a»/«/«>«.-^>«18-<.7H.VI = l07l.ftl •, 4(ni Rl X l44-ft8<»»n.44, the nuntlnr of .ntblo Iwh^ In the ctotcro. Thoiv ant •J.'ll cnbto Inchee lii a galUm, th».n«f"rc, RH«KW7.44>«l=2a88 + , gallona. To r«du<» the nuniUr of gallons t«)barnila,'dl vide by 31 1. , < 4.— To AacaaTAiii tM WaioMT or Cattii at MaABuaiii««T. Multiply the girth In feet, by the dtotanr* from the bono of the Ull liiin..'<|l«t..|y over the hlndir part of the buttiwk. to the fore |mrl of the .liouldi.r-l.l«.ff ; mid llii" pr.Hh..t by 81. when the animal meamirea mor, |A<.m 7 »hU Wu Ih^* » /ff* •'• y«"* . »•>' 'i^< *»>♦'" ^« /*«» 7 andiiurt Maa tt; by 1(J, when Uu than 5 and mart than 3; and by 11, wlwa UulhinS. krAMPLi.— What to the w^-lpht of an ox whoea meaeureroenta an^ ma lollowa; girth, (^ 'Tfeet5 Inchea; l««ngth,5fiHt tf iialieel '^ ^Vwrtoa.^-ftl X 7A-40H ; 40f I M 81 »1 W4 + . Am-w. A deduction of one pound In 20 numt lie made fi»r halff«lt«Ml cattle, «n.l alw for c.w» that h4ve hod <»|v««. It to uiideretood, of coume, that auch atandard will at k.l, give oolf Um 017 nwiaMlf weight. . „ , '^y 5. — MaAawawo Laho. ■ . , ^ To «nd iho numlMir of acrea of land in a mtonguUr field, multiply tho length by t^e braadth, and divide the product by 160, if the measurement to made in rods, or by 4»5«0 If inade in feet ExAiirLi.^1Iow many acrca In a fleld which to 100 roda in length, by 75 nxto In width t &.fa/4Oi»*-.»00x75ii47500; 7500+UM)=4aj. Aiu»*r. V To find the conteiiuof a triangular piece of land, having a rect«ng».lar corner, multiply ' ^ tw o fhortar aidwe Jogether, and Uke one-half the product. _^^ 188 ^^- ^ , ""■'.■ .. .V':V IHIH ft ■ ,■:•■: ^w: ■.;,■..■■■.; ;•; M.-r<\--:W'>i ■-■.- ■.■■.._.-.■.■ j, . ■ • ■ . ■",*■•■■ ■ ■ ^ ■ ■ ' ■ ■ ■ . . / • ■ ' ■ ■ "■ ■ - ■' ■ ■'■'....■ '■■■'■"-.■"-■■"'--■..■.■ ■ ■ * ■'..•".'■■ C. • ■" -".*■..'■■. ■".*.-«",■■" " ''■'■ ■■■.■ ■ ■ • t ' ■ " •, . Wr" T V /" . ». * r * » » » ■■■■'■/ ■ '■'"■ '■. ^ ■'",.■ " ■ ^ ■ -T " ■ .' ^ ". "-, ■ ',. ,^p,. r^=«,^> ^ ' 1 JBWB*^i^""fc»5^ / '^-' I'Si^ _^o^ ■■« v;|, -1 .. * ■ ■ 'J ' ^ / - "'i •' "/,.' ■■■■• ■•• • ■■■■ ' ^ ^ ■■/?•■/" ,A.J .J^ ■ t M i « ■ .' ** ■ . ' ' ' ' ^' ■J 1 ■ '. * ' . . ■ , »H, „,:•-■ ■■ ':" ;"" ; . ,; '. / : ' .. • ■■ ^' ' .' ' ' ■ '.'^ - ■■■'' ' -•* ■■ ■ s^ , :" ''-'■„. t ■ \ / ■ , , . ; , • .•' . ■. » . i " " \ r' •■■ ' '■■■'■' " \ / ■, ■■;••... ■ , ■-.'■■ *■ ■ . " ' . " ■ ■ ■ ' i. ■...■,..••■.,•■■ *v , ■/. ; •■ . . ■' . ■% ■ : ' . ^' . \\ ■<■■ ■ ' ■ ■ ■ ■■■ ■■ ' . ■ ■' . • ■•' .■■■■■.,.' ' • ■< ■> ■ ■ ■-- ^- ;'■ It ,' ' *: ■• ^^^g^mmmmmmam IHIH :. ' ^^^^^^^^^H ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H ^^^^^H ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ MKkocopv nsountotTlffesT omvr (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. t) \ ^ /APPLIED IIVVIGE Inc ^BM 1653 Eoit Mojn SIrMi RochMtcr. New York 14609 USA (716) 482 - 0300 - Ption* (716) 2aa-SM9-Fo« ii" QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW. ' ^V r QUESTIONS FOR REVIEW. CIUNOIXO SINGLE TO DOUBLE ENTRY,— PAGE 188. 1. Wliy mIioiiM PouMe-Kiilry B<)ok-keeplnj{ be (Hstinguinhed m tlie "ivf««r«" of AcconntaY 2. Maj 9lii|(;lc Kiilry Ik- |ir<>|i6rly called a ecienceT 8. Why not? 4. What relution does Single Entry buMaIii tc Doul)li- KntryY A. What Im the chief dittirulty in deKnin^; and tD'allnp; Single Entry T 6. In what particular* do Siiij^li- Entry IiiH)l('kee|)ero differ amung thvmBelves ? 7. Wlial d<>er< the term Single Entry denoteT 8, What: irt iiHiiully iui(l<'rAt4)<)d to l)e the difference between Single ant with Stock, or accounts with the part- ners, wliiit must tie dime with the gain or lossT 11. Do you consider-Double Entry more intricate or lal)0- rioHH tliiiii Siii;;l«' KiitryV 12. What, in your o])inion are the principal advantages of Doulile over Single • Entry? l.H. In eluin<.;jiiu Sfniflc to D'nulile Entry, is it necessary to dixtu-b the accounts already shown on the Single Entry l.edifer? M. What are tin; u^tual bmtkH in Single Entry T I ft. For wliat purpose, and how is the Single Ktilry Cash-Hook used? IB. What is tlie difference lietween tlie #( iigle Entr.y and the Double- Entry ('a.ili-linipk? 17. Is it curttomary to j<)iiru you understand hy lui'txinifutt 2.'5; Can anything properly be culled an investment except tan;;il>le reMiurces? 2t!. Can you explain hon{, professional ability, talent, a good name, ' etc., may be eonsictered I'apitnl ? 27. Wlint is the prime olyect of Inisiness enterprises? 28. What is the substantial proof of gain 1 2ropriate ternia in any kind of enterprise? 8t5. What is the essentj^l |M)int ii* Fana A BiHiks? 87. Can you explain tlie "Six Column Journal." as used in this set? 88. What are thc*vdvai)t|iURa of aXJash-Book in business? 89. What is the peculiarity of tlie Cash-Uook used iD\,|Ui«|^iDMKti(»ii^ -.40, What 4re the five points of excellence claimed for the practical Journal used on tlus ^89(^^4 1. How ^e tfio V^ «^. separate%em8 |io8ted from this Journal? 42. Ilow the amounts of the " Farm" and -"^ptr columns? ♦S. "^ Can this form be used in any other kind of business than farming? 44. When used in mercantile business, what will be the titles to the special columns? 4n Can the nimibcr of Hjiecial columns be increased? 46. ,^ What kind of business is peculiarly adapted to special columns? 47. Uow many debit and credit coluEina •re Bometimes used in jobbing bonaes ? . • ' , ■ . ■"i^ PRACTICAL HINTS FOR FARMERS.— PAGE 182. 48. What rule have you for measuring grain in * bin ? 49. Ilow many cubic Inches In arbnshel ? 50 Can you inea.mire graiji u|ion the floor? ftl. lIowT S2. Give the rule for ascertaining ahequuitity of bmdier in ^ log ? Ii8. What is tlie rule for ascertaining the ca^iacity. of a well or cistern? Ii4. tlow can yot get the approximate weight of cattle by measurement? 65. What u tjie rule for measuring land? i«4 . r 2. Maj 9Uflt4lln tc iHrticiilar* noteT 8. le rule for I Uie part' 9 or lalio- I'cr Siugla shown on , and liuw c Double- 'hat otlicr uixiliaries uaiuesa b« mon to all be culled n these ehares-if the same are known to be from the legitimate earnings of the business-r^n- .ate in the greatest degree, their market value. Other influences may force these values out of their pro^iT relations toli.is teat, but if left to their legitimate course, Uke other commodities, the paraUel betwe««i cua- ings and commercial value must hold good. , u # ^ Of these two classes of Stocks, the latter only, figures to any,great extent in the market lists, from the fact that ^\ securities pledging a regular, unvarying dividend, are not cajaible of Sudden inflation and depletion. Uke those which are dependeflt for their very existence upon a variety of unseen causes, and subjcjct to diMM- tera from financial reverses, bad manl5gement. etc There is. of course, a difference in the value of what wa have denominated H«Urt,l Stocks, not dependent upon the percentage of dividend. Such difference muat, ^ opurMi be owing mamly, to the character of the securities For insUnce, United Stotea Stocka. dividing « f. • Consolidated fund of the English Government, bearing 8 f, interest. t The Bunk of England is a part of the g overnment.Und, consequently, cannot be claaaed^ith privata coipo- lation*. 186 t if' If! I GENERAL INSTRUCTION. prr Rnnum, Mlwayn ncll at • premlnm ; while the vartou§ ip«dea of railroad bonds, dcclnrlns^ from 7 to 8 %, vary rrom 1 % |iremiiim to 90 % dincoiint. The reaaoni^for thii will a|i|iear by a littlo iiivfHtit(nt\pn Into tha C(iin|iarat!ve circuniRtancea. In the vme of llnlu-d Statea Htocka, the country ItiM-lf U |ilfpudiati),in of ita debta ; and no fair-iuinded citizen of the I'nitvd StntvH would willingly |)crmit ao foul a ataiu upoli his nalioii'a ((lury. The aunie would prove trvie to a greater or less extent rcn|iec'ting atfltee, countlea, mur^icipnl cor|Minition8, etc., although the hiatory of aonie ofsUjIc atatea, In thia rejjurd, is not aa creditable aa could be deaired. , In the cime of bonda and mort^^o^a on jiiivate cor|iorntion8, real eatate, etc., aecuriticB rary will) the iii» oeea of the enterprixeH and the value of convertible reaoarcca thu^ mortgaged. ' In all thlH chiaa of Htocka, the value ia regulated by the amount of intereat to be paid and the character ol tlio RccuriticH. The rntea of United States Stocks ride. higher than those of atata, county, and municipal Stocks, -on account of being better known; and, therefore, morV generally available. The true basis of value In Uiviile'ml Stocka Is, tirst, the pMjrifini'nt proi<|H'cta of the assncintion represented, and next, ita real.net earnings. The law which makes It incumbent upon banks to publish, at certain periods, • aworn itatement of their affairs, is eminently calculated to further the intereata of the public; and if ona could always be sure that things are called by their right names in these statament«, the process of estimating the value of such Stocks would be simple enough. Take an .example; On the lOth March, 18S9, the net rd-\ aerved profits in*lhe Chemical Bank of New York were |(a8B,170, and the capital atock |i;)0(),000. Hurlil^ thu Bucceedlng year Uila bank paid to stockholders a dividend of 12%, and added to thej' reserved profits," t42,0ft6, which Is.equlvalAt to 14 % of the capital. The net earnings during the year, therefore, were 26 ^, on the capital stock. The question now 184 What ia atock worth which produces 26 % ? or, what ia ita value aa compared wit*> money t The first thing to be ascertained, then. Is the value of money, which, by reference to etreef quotations at thia time, we find to average about 6| %. We have now a simple problem in (iro|>or- tlon, viz.; J/ otu dollar ftoduces C| cttiU, hoa mucti wilt herei/uired to proJustiM^jfult t The solution 4^ aa followa: Si : 26 : : 100 ■/*1)0. The answer la: One dollar in Chemical Bank Stock ia worth /our dollart Jm Viomj; which 1« the quoted market value of this Stock. • f Another example: The Atlantic Bank, on the 19tJi of March, 1859, had a reserved profit of |l^,A42,and a capital stock of 1(400,000. During the year the bank declared a dividend of 7 % , which reJucrd the reserved profits $8,430, being a little over 2 %/,on the capital The nc^ .earnings, therefore, of the bank wer9 a little leaa than 6 ^ — say 4}. What is the value of the stock ? Sblution aa before: Atlantic Bank Stocks are quoted @ 70c., which variea only slightly from the above result, While it is true that u]ion a basis of this kind the approximate value of • large portion of the current Stocks cfin be ascertained, the parallel will not ||^old good in all cases. For inatance, many of the railroads in the country pay regular semiannual dividends ^f from 3 to 4 % — or 8 % per annutn-^whose Stocks are never quoted at a higher figure than 80c. The reason for this di&creieculatAr8, termed, net, inaptlyi'^' Stock Oaniblers," but want of space will prevent it. We aliall, therefore, close tliia -aubject by aHbuiittlng a few copies of geniiiue document*: '■ ' ' ~~ ■• ' ' ^ ■ . .186' . .■''^: ■ . ■f. H JCo. r^' U. 8. Regi«ter« Bond. •*•. $10,000. ^ 4 % tio,o<^. BtgUttr't Qffie*. G^«^<^««^;'- '''^' ""» / TEXT Entered, June 10, 1847. Reeorm, June 12, 1847. nix* Register U. S. Tkeasokt. Railroad Shares. Hnmbw. BaiWMl. MCIiWMIA & WBHII <, RAQiROAD COMPANY, STAIE OF PENNSYLVANiA. ShaiM ^-- Mi 1 r e?2;i « A <^-4^ 'ie«n..M..- ^111 ,-«v. T».« .■../""•' "f « J"'"'"'"<-'' '^"";""' '^ '"^ '";','"". certain nu.nbcr of HhareH. each rc.pr.««njln« a Ma.o.l lovonUnent.. whl.I. .har.a .r« puroh».ent .nd proapwtlvo condition of the bu.lneM they repre-ent. If worth their face, .hey are «k1 to be .t par ;'\( worth .nor". '' « ;';™ ' If le^ .t . di.a,m.l. Some <.f the different teal, of Ihla v.h.e are given in the preceding clmpt.r. 1 he n ajorlty of jolntmK^k waocUtlon. work nnder . apeclal or general charter panted by the legUlature of the .tate. «. which they are located; ani (ron. ihU cuuao, and becutme Mich charUr. are guarded by whole«,n.e re.lrlo tlon.. they have . kind of ln.,K.rt«nco in the public eHlln.utloo not al.ared by private concern.. KBpecially I. thl. the cane will, bank^, the pron.Uno.y nole» of which are pal.l .n/«oelved an o«h.«..d comprUe the great medium of commercial tranaaclion.. The K-.trktionH which the la* of the different ..ate. throw an,.md banking InHlltution. are Intended both to yrolccl the public «galn,^4n abuHC of confidence and to «•"•»'•«• the concentration of capital lu *ucl. kgltlumte channel, a. .hall aihnlnUter to the general gjMKL Ba.ik. are the «!km,wledged financial agent, of the commnnity. They mcupy a ,H,Hltlun between the borrower «..d the lender, .aylng tv thoae who have n.orc. .noney than they need. We will find you re.,K.n.lblo cuMomerl who will IMIV you for the UHO of your «urplu. mean. ; and .0 those « ho are In .want of fund. f..r the pronecuthm of thelf . legitimate bu.ine... Wo will aupply y.n.r neccHMlie. at fair rate, of remuneration. Tl.e bank aUo "T-rJ* -'• cu.trly cwwlucted. kervcH an un,H,rtaut end in facilitating financial operath),|i. ■ The .iKjclal privilege. whU;^ bank. ,«.«.«.« are. the Uauing of bill, payable which circulate*, n.oney with- out drawing lutere*. and tl«<1.«lding of large balance. In favor of de|«.8ltor« without paying lnter«t.Uotli the bill. ..ayablc and- deposits arc employed in discounting paper. uiKjn^whlch Inlere.t I. charffl;.!. me re- .trictlon. under which bank, operate con.trulu them to give ample .ecurlty for U.e redemption of the.r own „„tev-which arc alway. livable "on den.aud"-to kee^a ce.tnin percentage of .peclo on hand for the ac- comroodation of blll-holder. and depositor., to abstain fron. .peculation., and to confine their rate, of inU-re.t wHhln stated bounds In order the more fully to secure these end., the bank. In most state, are required to make periodical aUtement. of their condition to the public. The foUowing form 1. prescribed by the " Free JJaukin^ Law" of the State of New York, and i. au exact copy of a •' Bank SUtemeut :" QUARTERLY REPORT. * ■ STATEMiTn' showing the true condition of the " Niagara River Bank," of Tonawanda, N- T., an A.syioted ik. on the morniujj of Saturday the third day of June, 18B4. / Remurctt. I Loan, and Discount, except, to Direc- i tors and Broker. S.ISOS All .iini. due fivm Director, of this ! Uai.k : J1S300 4. All sum. due (Vom Broker. .... f .'>!» 6. Bonds and Mortgage. I . 'I 7. .Stock.. ;l 6«0o0 9. Loss and Expenae Account . . . . ; law 11. Specie ,: i'; 12. Ciiah l.em.. (Check*, etc.) . . . . !; SaT T3. Bills of Solvent Banks on hand . . . , 1103 16. Due from Bank, ou deman*. . • • i ^^ Total P15«i0 LuAU'Uit*. .\ 1. 89 ; s. 25 P 1 ', 4. 6. 85 «. ai ■ 8. fiS 7»; -»; .Capital illff? . I'rotit. • . . ; J»<''> Registered Bank Notes received Trum Compli-oller and not re- :i reluriied ' . 1012«M) ;! Les. Note, on hand . ... 2>«ll Leave. Keg. Bunk Note, in Circulation , Due Treasurer S.ule of .Vew York . . , Due Depo.itor. on-4)eny ar« tli« l*reMi.n.t of the condltliin of the Mid liaMit before the traniwllon of «hy hual- ni-aa, on tlm niorninK of the third mirr*>, la "Loana and DIacounta.' Tlila we Uke to conalat of promianory notea and other evidencea of defit, held by the bank aa tecurltj^ for the payment of money ■ loaned. The real value of thla epeciea of reaource will de|iend, of oourite, n^n^the certainty of jmyment at maturity. Of this the public knowa nothing. The aame la true of the aecond Item, " Suma due tnan Directors of this Dank." Thia distinction la made that the public may know what pro|>ortton of the " accommodation* of the bank la aliaorbed by Ita offlcera ; and la in accordance with the reqtiirementa of law. Item 4, " Sums due from Broker*," U an absolute reaource If " Brokcre" are sure to |)ay. Items « and 7, " Bonds ind MortRsgea," and " Stocks," comprise aecurities dv|iosited with the Bank 8ii|)erintendent aa • basia of circulation, and, we must conclude, are worth their estimated value. Item 9, " Loss and Ex|i«n«e Account," Is of • different nature, nnd will need K little explanation l>efoTto " the public" will be ready to accept it aa ■ reaource. Were the hank to become Insolvent, and Its creditors to force It Into llqutdatioii, the amount called " Losa and Ex|iense" would serve a sorry |iur|ioHe in cancelling debts ; and yet wo are not fuITy pre|Mired to any that It does not represent H resource. AnUing the liabilitius enumeniteay(ng the other liubilitles, which, for the sake of distinction, we have elsewhere ridled •' outside lialillities," we cjin, of course, use no iMirt of the resource called " Loss and Ex|)enee ;" and •« the resoun'es and lialiiilties are eecial catm demands It We do not claim, even, that the statement presented, although prescril)ed by the stutc, is the best form by which to IlluHtrate the science' of accounta; but this fact does not render It les« l)»[i^.«nt to be undefstood. The statement is, in f|tct, neither more nor less 'than • Trial Balnnco, the'debits Jf widch are called Resources, and the credits' Liabilities, Tlie Representative accounts not having b<>en cancelled, are here arrayed against each other. /But so long as the i/nftiimnblf resources do not exceed ■' the •' Profits," the public may fear nothing from their being enumerated. The only point about which the_ pul>lic must ever be in the dark with reference to B^nk Statements, is the real worth of that omnibus account called ■■ Loans nnd Discounts." If pro|>er vigilancyis exercised by tlie officers of the Bank Department, whoM duty It is to investigate these securities, so that ''Loans and Discounts" may include nothing of a doubtful clmriicter, the relative bearing of other items in the schedule can be easily estimated. For instance, if the item in the above statement called "4^88 and Ex|)ense" were omitted, " Pn>fits" would be reduced just- that, . amount, which would, |K!rhapg, render the statement easier of explanation, but not, in reality, more truthful. AVe have given to banks • pnmiinence among joint-etock associations. l)ec*U8e they are more intimately eonneated with the pulilic weal ; furnishing, as they do, the credit upon which the bulk of all commercial ex- changes are elfei.-ted. Every man who is, or ex|)ects to be .the holder of a bank note, or a bank creditor hy de|>08it or otherwise, is, to that extent, interested directly id the acheme which reg^atee the value of euch possessions. • \ '■ < All joint-etock companies pnidently conducted will make their divide jds conform, in apme d^giwe, to their earnings ; and in no case iho'uld the dividends exceed the current and " reserved" profits. Tlie practice which certhin railroad corporations h«ve of boirowitiy fuiids tu divide among stockholders is reprehensible in tht *,- • • ■ * The term " msolvent" is, of course, used in its restricted sense, taking cogniiance of the fact that the amooBt due stcckhulderii, botti fur profit and original capital, is among the liabilities. ^ — -r '190 ei e« p< ah b« e<) b< at at Ir e< r< a< n ti e c \i e ExcnANaE. t^. •■lr«n«. .nd «ho..l.l d««tr..y iMil.lio c<.t,«.l«nc. In ti.em. irt.leh It do,.. It would U far .•M|t for M m»f eorimr.ll»n. to .do,.!, the |H.llty V»r»xm\ l.y »o.n. UnklOK In.t It „t !».... rmitrlrtlnK th. dWl.l«nd« to .uc^ . p..ll,l M to .How • «.,..Unt .c.nm.d.tUM. .rf ff>T^n\ |*..HU. or " .InklnK «.«.<«•' To .«-ur« tl.U .-nd, Krnit/.r. .huuld U Uk^D. I., the e..uurtir.tl..n uf .,..1. r.«...r.-.,« « l..ve L.trtn.!.- ».l.... to .t....- t|..t v«l..« .ry^ e.D b« d..n« without r«r«r«u. »« •'"■" Kco..nt* It i. very l.r..Ul.le ih.t then. »«c.,.u.t. .u.y h«v l.«.-n d.-hlled with Ite,,.. wl.Uh ^,o»M/hnT« Ron. .t on,., to Ex,*n« or b,.. .n.l (...In ..cou-.t; .nd. If «.. tl.o «.ln. will .how too Urge. The^in. m.y b. lru« of .rtl.er r««.ur.-«.. ...ch .. |H!r»..n»l «r....n».. I.IIU rw.'lvul.l.-. etc. ,, . / ,„ ,. , ■ In .hort. lh« «.»« ,K.licy which will «H.«re the l*-t r.mu.u I., h.divldual or p.Hn.r.h v hinrtn«.«. wll ho .1 •qu.Uy g.H,d in jolnl..a.K-l. c..n...ru.. In .l.« Utter n.or.- p-rtu-ulHrly .ho..l,l Rr-.t «;•"' '"y ''' '" •;"'" 'J« Mdiutlon of c.,.i..l -t.«k. In ,.rlv.t, ...nn-rn.. wi.er.. .-oh ,,..rt....r i. ln.n..-'•»*/''* le^ U the c.u.e whe.. the c.,.iUl h~. been red.....d. either by .c.u.l Ion. or e*ee.«lve .l.vidend.. It U u> •siwIleDt. OipuKh homely nuulm. that " a diuuer should not be cteu before It I. «»rueU. EXCHANGE, r^ \ E.rnA^ot 1« • term uicd to denote th.t oommereiM u.nRe by which in?mf 4«1« are enabled to canori Mt. at a diHtance wUhogt the tru.,HM.iHHi..n of money. Tbl. i. etiected ihrou^ff t1.e agency of a .pecle. of fcom- mercini paiHir known a. " Uill^ of Exchange." . , . „.^ j„ „,m A BUI of Exchange U a w.Utc.. or?ler ..Idre^ed to..ome person directing the payment of a certain .nm of money, either upoS Hh pre«e..t«tion or at a npecit^ed tin.e th*re«aer. The partie. U, a « 1 of Excha. g. 1 fir.t the per.o7who draw« it. .nd who i. calU-.l the .Ir.n^r ; .econd. the one on whom .. dr.wn. called tlie'.<,v.«v« ; and third, the one for who,... or in who.e favor it i- drawn, clled the ^.v«. By egal cnrtruo- tion and comn.ertlal ««,» -J^Ci. * U.,««.T.o ExniANo. consist, of drna». note». check., certificate, of depoBlt, etc., the partie. ^^Ich rpsiile in different Dart, of the i»nie touiitry. ' . ™ vlilTZlZ^ U reprcHcnted by draft., the partie, to which «,.ide In different countrle.^ They are o.u«lly drawn In .,<- of three or more, biln|r» (flrat (nil llilnl n( Hip Miim lUtn and tanor «mp«lay l<> t>«nl«l V. TUuimio, or urdar, Uu« TbuuMud fuund* iturllng, valq* rvivlvvd, with oi without furthar mJvUm. •XoOfo. PxAimnV A Co., » Uankvrii-Londun. ) EtCHAKoi w« jCKHW. -^ JNVi. I'orl-. .W,.rrA ill, IsflO. Thirty d«y» after «li,li( of tht* my thlnl Kill of Kxc-hanK» (flnt and i«««ond of the ramo dat.- and t«nor un|>ald) pay to Daniel F. Tiemanu, or order, Oua Thouaand I'oundi iterlliiK, valuo received, with or without hirther advice. —^ « . ^ , C»«u» W. Ki«ti>. Toflrn, PcABonr A Co., \ liaiUiera, London. f niHi of R(chnn|{« are bought and sold tlip name aa any other cnrrcnoy, hcinij n«'(ifoflnhle by rndoracment If the |ieraon to wlione onfer the hill U drawn endn di>raem«ht la necomniry ; If, hirwcvcr. he endomea i'h/u//, montioidiig the niinii- of the party to whom, or order, tliB payment la to \>n nnidf, tlio ftultimtf niiiNt atiio endome to give the bill eiim-ncy. Kuch endurier, gnlpM he *\ki\» " without re<'ourHi7i.ii.w Ih the value of the ciirreiu-y of one cotuitry, eatimatod In the currency of another, by oomparin); the r|uniitity of j^old and allver In thvlr re.»ipei'llve rolim. Th* iiilrhi»ir Value of the En|;IUh aovereign, which reprenvnta the |)ound iterllng, la $4.8(1 In our gold taken aa a atandard. The exr/iremluni It wlH brin^ In the market. The CuHtoin lloune rei^dntldnii have fixed thia premium at a little leaa than %, mnkin); the value of the pound aterlin;; $4.84 In our currency. The ciHirae of pxchniii;e, or the fluctuation alwive or below par. depends frenernlly on the emounta due between ditferent- countrlea. Tliua. when the debta and eredlta between two countrlea are npiul. the renl exchange la at pur. Hut If Now Vork owes London more than London owea New Ytirk, there wjll be a greater demand for the bllla nyment from C. Thus the two debts are cancelled by a single remittance. In niuking rendttances to foreign countrlea, it la not alwaya best to remit by the direct course. For example. supiMwe a merchant }n New York dttsircd to pay a debt In London where drafts on New V jrk ore beh)W par. while ut the same time they are at a premium lu Paris, and Purls funds are at par in London; it will be evident at once, thiit the most ecommdcal method of getting' fun(h) to London, will lie to reiidt tlirough a house in Paris. The determination of the value of auoh remittances is called the Aihlhalion of KjKhaugi, and is most easily accvmplislied by the application Of what ia known as the " Cliain Rule." Jforr— It i« no part of the design of this work to supply the plae* of a Treatise on " Commercial Calcu. latlons," such a liook having l)een sjiecittlly prepared and piitillsbcd to accompany this series. We refer th* student to •• Bryant & Strutton's ( oninicrclal Calculations" for a full ex|M)8ition of all the practical ariilmieU ical <|ueRtlons growing cmt of business trunsacticma, including the topics liere diseussud. The special exercisci ander this head ivhlirh follow have immediate connection .with the tr^insactioua of the varioua aeta em oraoed in the body of the work. • ■^■■ . 192 ' ■ X EX011AMG£. • rORMB OF NOTKS, DRAFTH. RK(;Kin'H. ETO W« Imt* glTvn vwrtoua ftirni* of NiitM, DmlU, tto., In th« iMMly of th* work, will MTV* fwtliar to (lanuU tochuloal tlUtlnntloni In furtn nnd umk* : Th* foUewln( vnrlatiM \/ 1. ludiviiiual S'nii. $500. N«w fo««i JmIii t, IMA. On* day aftw d«U, I promlM to pay to M. It. Hvult, or ordar, FIva llundrod Dollara, valiix rrrnl«a4i ^ Jacob lli^aoak I. Joint Not*. ItOUO. Niw Yoat. yu/y I, IHta glity daya aflor dat«, wa proml^ to pay M. C. ^oiluw, or ordar, at Metropolitan Ilanh, Ona 1 houtaMl l>olUra, value racalvad. II, 1). IlaTAfT, 8.6.PAoaAaD. S. Joint and Sivtral Xoit, $1600. ^PaiitanKLD. April 10, IHAi). One month after dnte. we. or eldier of ua, promlao to |>ay Orlando Warrvn, or order, Fineon Hundred Dollara, value received, with intereat (Wnn datai K. 0. IlaAhroRu, F. A. Uaawva. 4. J'riueipal aud fiiirtl!/ Nolt. f600. Cu«nmoTO>«. .Ainnnri/ 1, IRrtO. Thirty daya after date, I promise to pay Eiiphalot Packard, or order, Hlx lIundriMl Dollars, value r* oeivad. John Oartn, J'riMti/t.it, ^ , \\ ZlNAa Ubaiiliv, .S'»r«(y. ^ B. a,aM,l Xoif^ , Jyi $400. ! 'y' \\ BiirrAK). ilAic" A 1<>, !»«". Three montbn after date, I promln to pay IIcQry I*. Hniitli, or Order, Four lliinilrcd Dollara in (iuoda ^^.^, (TlBAM NaWKLL. fkrom my atore, value received. $875. One month after dni Ilia office, value received. 8. Ntm-Kegotiahit t>'i>l». ' , - ParaoiT, ,l/rhen it fulls due, as a neglect to pre- ^ent for payment on Iht dag of muturily will iit llie |irin%J|>«l. In tills eiiuiilry nil notes and drafts on lime are allownl, by sliilute, thrtt Jayt' ffriiff, iinlras ullu'rwino oprciisly stntrd ; that Is, tliey are r.ot legally due until three days after (he terittm date of matiirity.. In the Kliite ot- New York no grace is nilowed on •t^A( drafts, tlicy beinf( pnyublo nn prcxenlment. If the lust day of f;rac« fulls onljundHy or a U'kiiI holiday, the not* la due on tlie Saturday or other diiy before tlie liolidiiy. liut ir iliere be no (^niiv;^ and the note fulls due on Sunday or other holiday, it is not payable till the succeeding diiy, If a bill is drawn, payable iii or after a certain hunibei of daya IVom date, sight, or demand, the dny of date, sight, or demand, is exclujled, and the day on which it fall* due included. Thus, if a note be dnled Jniniary 1, dnc in " twenty diiys from dai«^" we commence counting front the day of dale ; January 2 being ont djiy, January 3, too, and ho nn. The twenty jlaya will elapse on January 21, to which add three days' gnic«i and the dnte of payment will be Jnnuiiry 'i4. If a -bill bo drawn, payable in any slated number of monthi after date, it will be parable on the duy of the month corriff ponding with its date, adding grace. Thus, if a note be dntetiable, a note iliuuld ba made pui able either to " order" or " bearer," — Home Statet require also tha worda, "without defalcation," others " without defalcation or discounC" , « 193 J^- ->•.% EXOIIANOE. CtlvSMm. AfirH II. IMC. A: ton day*' MKtii. pajr, to ths onlar of UUoa k rhlaMj, PWa IIuiidr«Nj Dollar*, valu* rM*W«d, m4 (riMrg* lu amount «X f, |'. Uam*i 'I'o RsTtirr. MTa»TTO!t A PAcaAtit, J -^ . 1« Uuu|Mr loalltuu, Maw Yurk. | ' ' r . / I. Htlmmifnm Dal*. •'••• / OiiMi*«o, yMM It. HHHl. On* morfh from clalf . \my to laiiMa Ua((«MM, or onlar, Savan Iluiidrad and Fifty I>i>llara. at iha Dank W iha Intarior^aDil oliiwi^ tha Mnia tu ny aeouiwk Diust V, Ilau, To MlUaiL/CALBI!!* 4k ('LABI, t 44H Urtidway, AlUny. f R«a*Bl^f-Aa (latwl «tM«h»r* In Ihia work, a draft dlflVra (him a not* onlf tq Airm i tha aertpUir at a draft lua lain* Iha i4lm« rvlatiun u> tha olhtr pallin aa in*t iha aM^ivr of a not*. Tha Jnne*r ot a draft la alio fdanlleal wllb lb* ttuUir^r o( a nola, bolaK boldtn fur H» pajrmani in^caaa (tia 4ni> t** ali oald fall to comply. Tha rritulationa and proirtalon* aUMad aa parulnlnfi to nolfa ar^'^^S^I raapaoU, tqually appHcaBIa (o drafta. Tb* tarni " il||ht" aa uaad In drafta, rafara lu praaauluiant,«htchllmal*U(ually driiulcdby tbadalaorwicaolaaaak (Baa asauiplaon pafia 118.) .\ ,;>''' D^ aula. Ji'/V C'a*Mf Driitrwg Inttrtft J ' X^vunvLM, April 2H, \M0. Ihtt John JoDM OB (WnHMid, Ooa l^undred aad 8«Venty-F1r« ,',V I>uUar», with lntrr««t tn>m date J. II. liiuautw. >. ^W MtrckandiJU, w^iIiohI InUmL 9IM. STBACVaB. Junt 10, l^6a Du* W. Carprnter, or order, 0n« Ilundrwl Dollara, |«yabla In Wheat at tha market price, on the BrM d«y of Hvpteuiber neiU Comotook A Co. RaMAair-Diie Ililli arr eqimlktinding and erecllTf with not»i and draft*, and may be made npRotUbl* aa I well. They arr iiKiiallT drawn on dvmand. and for winir •|>i'cml por|iiiii(<, wlirrriii a nola o'rjlraft would not be *p- propriete. They rfrHW no inlcn'Ki uiiluD *|)eciilad. Due Dill* ai-a ul every cuuceiTable form, there baiuK no uaual fill mula, aa in the e*«* of nulea and drafta. •n» AV. Ord«i«. 1. Tn ipiiln on Aeeoimt, Cncitvuktt, April n, \M». Mr. J. Auatin Sparry wlU pleaae pay to tha hmnr Fifty Dollara.ln Merchandise, on my aecouni. J. D. llludai t. In fM of Atmunt. TuoMAa Pba*«, Ea*. FBtnowA, O., Jnlg 10. Pleaae pay to E. If. Ilala, or bwrer, Fifty Dollar* from your it«r«, and thi* ahall ba your receipt la All! of my account , * Jao7b a DtDi». RiMARKi.— An order lAftpUar In character tn a draft, wllh the dlfferenof that a draft i* alwa.TR for woiMy, wb!la BD order ii for goods. An order,>lf accepted byAhe i/niiwa, i* precisely (be same in eltcct aa a cbatlel nola. \ \ 1400 Raoalpu. I. On Actount, |I7B RaeelTod, January I, IMO, Four mmdr«d Dollar* on account of W. Armstrong. Vi In f^ltf all Demand*. GroBOtPBXUK. ALBAirr, Ju It 10, I8M, BooeWed, of CalTb 8. 8111, FIt* Hundred and bcTcnty-Hve DoUar*, in fall of all demanda to d^ ' 194 Bbm. Pai k EXCIIANOR. RmwUmI, of J W. i:.l.ly. Off T»iou«M.« I>..IUm. tlM mmu« to •|.|'ly "n •jf-nif* t ft.r l..iH.Hntf hntiM, 4.UNI A|.fU Wl. "jHt«». ' ' W.IUVM. I r». 4. 7u •;>/>/» «' 1" AHjurafwrnl. It* '•Uwl, OB th* witlilii nn«*. Ikvtntyav* Hollar*. yN/« 10, tHIMt, JiUlM Hmitm. •. Hfipt for Vr«r^tf> I ...... ltM«lv«cl of Jwob mrii.Ur liiJMUlowlnn .ni.m..rHt*l urtl-lw. to 1.^1.^.1 In Ir.i-I l||||lm : O.... (lri,t , W.tfli (I...I.11.1K c«M,)i o'l... rtll»*r \V...I. i iw., I'r l-nry N...... . «. I. -li.-l J..mi.r.v I. <^». •"-I .V.'.-. I-T RoUrl-M. l>..uu«l oil. for Tl*.- wlml lM\mH, duo hi .U moutli. fr..«. .Int.-, himI llm «ir."f f..r i ivv lli.tt- df«l DoIUra, du« \n elglit llionthi from .lrt». U. C. Cotu-m. Ril.AMi.-Tb.r. It •b«.l..l»ly no »n.l lo t).» r.nrly «f Rw.!)-*' i "'HI'''' '<•• ••"•> nf^ ■nr .|«h-(»I .,,,l,.iiMl««. M Mil. .M'luin* ll..lf. Tb. 0OU.11IOU bMiiiM* y>*j «f oWuiiiing • r««tl.« U u«|.Um.b.1 Ih co.i.mUuH «llb cb..k« to* ••rllltaitu* uf il4|MMtl. '* e«rtiacat«* of Dapoalt ~^J;;;;,_ U)iio» n»^«. . At»«!. DuVl.l T. Fullor hM d..|«wli» Allwrt II. Truij o» ordtT on Ibi- fetuni of lliU Certlrtc«lo, |>ro|i«rl>' eniUtr«<«l. ' (NaliJS) \ J*«.»A.Taro.n.7;-«.r. RiMARlii -Thi. »»ioT. It iU u*iml fonii of lUnk CirllflrBtM. uml 1. »ortIrl»mlr ,nffir*Ur, at Ibflr chwwUr. n.* |M.riin.l»r ciivcnl-i.c pf «ucl. . .l..o.0..ia" «.l..|'>"' '■• ""■ l-x-l-""'- Hf "^'o HI""-'.. ll .. lh« »....♦ m H1V.I » ■• •• i.vinM..|| .l.iHk." (b» Imiik l» i.i« ..» imi.li ImmuhI i.. nd. <•». il «« ."■». ..f U* own ik'Ki. ll i« n.o-b MlW '(if .vni.l fluin ■ bmik ..»l«. a«. ill <»•<' "• i..l««rvi..uH ..r tlnn. Ihr |.u>.r I i» .l..,,|»^l, »m.I ■• .Inpl.nH- orill lt» i..u»tl. ll uUo »iTv«« M • r.c«i|m luMUiHcb «« llir |.uri,v in *ibo'v (us,.r ll i. .ti«w.i iiiuM »i.dor«. i« b.-loi. il »i. b. f«- deviiiud. ' ' V, Chaclu. 1. P^nimMi to •■ lirnrT.' gjQO_ Mn«<'AXTii.i ('iii.tiMiie IiA*«, I'li.v lo',Io«ojili T><»»i*nii, or b«»rer, Oue Uuiidretl liolUi*. iNo. 1351.) 2. P,t!,ahl» tn " (frilrr.' g^(fQ_ Mr.R<'AXTaK Colleok'IUnc, Piiy to Charltt StrooK. or oWlir, Three llundrcU l^oUurn. (No. I50a) ' , Kiw Yo«B. V«v 1«. 481(0. B. B. I'acBABO. >'KwToaK. ./KNftO. 1860. B. 8. PapkaRd. RliiA««i.-Th. onW djitlnction In>hn«-tinn5fmi. exirt, in the wor.l» " boAfer" and " order,' Tb« diOVr^nw rrowinu out of tbi« di«t.nclioii, liowever, inwrnitiniM v«rv impHrlnut. For inMince. a ohwk. pnvKble to t»-HriT. •« oeBotiubl. u-ilhout ,HM.rHV,r.,t. « l.ile. il p.vable to " ordtT." it ni.iHl b« eiidorHod bv tb. ,.Hrtv in « l.o«- b.vor .1 .. arawD. tberebv iiT»li.« a. a rect-ipt lor the p.vment of it. I.ice. The l.ller method i. pretlj geaeraly Adopted I.t^. buAine.. men." to a' power of flguraai vs. ADDITION. * Tha almpla proeaaa of addition wonid aacm to naed no eoforoament or inuitnitlon ; and yat thara It no pui nf tha aclenoe of nnmbera more lm|M>rtant to accountanta, or In which they are mora apt to be deflclent Vfi mean,' of couria, tha pruceaa aa applied, to the addition of long columna of figurea, which ahonld be done with facility and eorrectneia, Autbora and teachera have thown both ability and ingenuity In their varloua aug- geatlons and alda, but nothing can be of ao much aervice to tha alndent aa eonliHued praetiet. Tha moat ap* proTed method of taating the correctnoaa of addition la to add tha columna lA both directlona, firat upwanl and then downward, or the reTcraa. Tha phlloaophy of thia ia, that tha combinationa are tbna varied, and tha chance of committing the aanie error twice la avoided. Tlirce very almpio prncesaoa of retaining the figure to be carried to tha nest column — a very Important consideration with beglnneri — are shown below. Tllfe first Is the usual method of writing tlie figure to ba carried, imaU, under the unit amount of tha column which produced it. The aecond requires the addition of each separate column to be written down on a waste space, commencing with the right-band column, and car- rying to the next column, aa (n the usual method ; those separate amounts placed in their order one under the other, will present lit their unit figures, counting upward, the general result The third method oonaista of the proper arrangement of the independent sum of each oolunm, so that being again added, the proper r» iolt la aecured. * EzAMTLca. nrtt Ptoetu. 1829.8S 748.18 sassi.23 145.19 2H28.25 »674.iH 4^91.88 2B.6i 199A4.90 •II. t* Sffimd Proetn. 1st. column 60 2d. 29 8d. 84 4th. " 89 Bth. " 89 flth. " 19994.90 Tkird ProcMt. BO 8 4 ■ 82 " • 88 • • • 88 • • • • 1 « 19994.9 TThon tha student becomea inore accurate and^kdf-rcllant, he may feel'justified In dispensing with all anch ■Ids ; and iiartieularly If his memory is sutfici^ to retain the carrying figure; but until he arrives at tbia desirable state of perfection, it becomes him to guard himself on every hand. Great proficiency in this re- gard may be readily acquired by practice, some accoontanta baing able, very readily to caat up three and four columna of figures at oncei INTEREST. intermt, tn the acconntant'a voMbnlary, means the vne of mtnuy. The amonntvrecelved or paid for intereat la nsually a peAentoge on the sum used, and la fixed either by contract or statute. Ptr cent, si^ifiea Ay M« kuudrtd, and implies, in Interest, so mnny cents on the hundred cents, so many dollars on the hundred dollara, ate It is usual to reckon interest by the year ; but It Is always proper to express the Ume, as it ia not nece» Bfrily understood. . ' In calculating ptr onnum interest, it la customary to reckon 860 days to the y^ar, and 80 days to tha month ; although in some states the whole numl)er, 806 days, in reckoned to the year, and any number of daya aa a proportion of 866. In the Stuto of New York tlte basis of 860 daya to the yearia fixed by law. The aection reads thus : " For the purpose of calculating Interest, a nionth shall bo considered a twelfth part of • year and aa consisting of thirty days; and interest for any numl]>er of daya less than a month shall be aatk 196 COMMERCIAL CALCULATIONS. BikUd by th« pwpOfUon which roch nninb«r of d>7* ihidl htu to thirty." •»«••« the. h«mtT«r. wh« oon.ia.rtot.rwt rwikoMd od thU U.U ■• u-urlou., Jt b.lng A »»»" t""" »>/ "»• J^'* "^ »«» *'y» ^ *'"* la th« UlMtraUoM which follow w. .hmll adopt th. ouial itMiUrd of 800 dmy* Th. r«t.. or p4r cntag, of UUrwt 1. «iUbll.h«i by Uw to mort countriw «id itMM. Any .ICM OW thU raU 1. torniod u.ury, for tho nmeWm of wMoh wrlou. p«n.lU«. .r. pr«M!rlb«l. Tlw r.t« of IntorMt to r«nn.ylv.nU. Now Jer*>y, (except to J.r..y City uid Ilobok.n.) !>•>•''•"■ J'-'T knd. Vlnelul^ North CroUn., Houth C.roUn.. T«i.nM«.c. K.glucky. Ohio. Indton.. Illluol.. low. MU«)ur^ ArkwM.. MUtlMlppl, Florida th. .to E-Um SUl... the DUtrlct of CoJumbU, Mid on d«bU du. th. I ultwl Ht.tM, U A |i«r cent par Minum. Ib K.W York, Mlchlgu. WlMjOMto, ud OMfgU, it to 7 pw Mnt In Al.b«nm 8 p«r cent In Cllfurnl., 10 p.r S per cnt m!m ^ . , t a In mo.t of the .UtM th. tow p.rmltr«T.lgher thw tho ..UbU.hcd r.te. to om«. of ipectol contrwt In reckonlKK lnt«r..t. .t wh.toT.rr.te. It to mo«t convenient fir.t U. ol.Uln It. for the given time, .1 pr cent Mdthen «ld or .ubtrwt for the difference. I>.rtlcul«rly to thl. the c«e. whert 300 d.j. .re reckoned to Ui. y«M :« being wi rilquot p.rt both of 860. tho number of J«y. to the ye.r, .nd 12, th. number of ».»»//... Th.r. .r. many procw.. of ro*onlng Interwt. .U mor. or le.. worthy of thought j bat w. .h.11 coufl... our pwctloe to the one which, under all clrcunwUnce., we consider the best. „ , . . T.ktog as a basl. 800 day. to a year, 80 day. to a month, and » per cent per annum, we are easily led to the foUowlng conclualon : If 1 2 months produce fl per cent, 1 month wltt produce one-tweinii of ft, or ot.e-lulf of TlMir cent., .nd two months. 1 per cent One per cent of any .mount, therefore Is tho Interesi m. that .mount for 2 month., or 80 d.ys. .t the rate of per cent per .nriuro. One per cent Iwln^ the one hu-^r^llh pert of any amount, to «wlly obUlnwl by dividing by 100, or, what to th. Mm., cutting o^wo rlghUhuad figure '•J. ; ExAXTLB 1.— Required th. InUrest on $3780, for 2 months, at 8 per cent per annum; Solution: 87 I 60; or 137.80 Having this starting point, the process of obUtolng the toUrcst for any given number of montha or day. becomes extremely simple. ExAMMi 2.— Ftod th. toterost on 14676 for 8 months, 16 days, at 8 per cent. BolutUm: 2)4«'78 = 2 months* ' 2)23l876 = I month. 11 6876= 16 daya. -* > * ' . si'siss . ' . llnUBM.-We first find the totorest for 8 month, by the process already given, whicli to |4«.78. Dirid- tog thto amount by 8. will give n. th. toterest for 1 month. •23.878 : and thl. by 8 will K*'' «" »2.7h, f Z-half a month, or 16 day^ |U.«878. By' adding the., result, together, wo get the grwd result |81 81 +. Should the number of day. b. no ^nuU part of 80, nor of any other number for which the reault 1. sho, n. It wUl ba nMeMarv to um .uch component parta as are equal part, of CO. Thn.. If the number of d.y. U l8^.iL STTiJlToJ 8 «.d loTl b«l^h. .i«tl.th part. 18th.«ft^ of 80. If the number of day. be 18, take 6 and 18. or 8 and 16. and «> on. ^ . , . ^ F^om theM remark, and lUustratlons. we are pre,*red to .nbmlt the foUowtog rule for reckontog toterert on any given amount for any given time, at 8 per cent per annum. . BBLH-CW* of two Apt^ from Uto rigU of dollar, in tlu princ{ptacov»T la an allowanna mada for tha payment of a debt before It la dua. Tba pniuni imWA of inrh • *^ebt U tbat avin wliicU Uilog put at iutaraat for tlie glvoa tiuie, would at tha and of that time amount to tha face of (liu debt. , Tim*, If I owe |10A due In one year, without Intereit, and money li worth per cant per annum, tha prM' «ii( Koflh of the dubt U $!•)<); buvauae (1)n> at |M>r oviit. will iniount in one year Ip |106. The ; which deducted- from the fiue of the note. $1000, leaves the present worth, $148S, There are various and conflicting opinions as to the legality of ttiis mode of reckoning discount, but as It ia aluuat univenaliy used, both in banlu and business houses, we must concede its practical authority. fir« sel tin it^ " w» T1 n« EQUATION OF PAirMENTa ^> BqcATimi OP Tynnan*, or AvniAOC. as it is more ft«qnent1y ealled, la the finding of an nttm^ or mtan time for the payment of several amounts, due at different times ; and also, whaa the hnlaurt of an account having both debit and credit amounts, will average due, that no loas may besustallkei^'by^^ther party. The philosophy of equation is based upon the compound relation of mnnry and timi ; or upon a recognition of the fant that the valut of the use of money is in ]iroportion ^ the amnmut used, and the timt for Which it la used. 'As a simple illustration: if the use of $100 is worth a certain sum for one month, it la worth twice that sum for two montlia; or, if $100 is worth a certain sum fur one month, $200 for the itunt time is worth tmc* mt ^ , ■ ■ . 198 :n^' m. • •at, irh • >Um pr**- »n»l ona •urn the wof J by rU: lard, if I «U». ime, ireat dof rear. rhen >IM)T iota, Mlt ■\"i ,V f ufan oimt The rtha Mcd. auin Mat OOHMEROIAL 0AL0ULATlO!^8. XsAMru l.-A mraa B |1100. payabU aa foDowa: |100. Im M daya ; |400. In W daya ; a«d $700 la tO aaya. Wbao wll^ Um aaUra dabt avaraga dna t 8olHH4m.--Th» tftikU U. how long may |H00 ba aaad. «• ba aquWalant to Iha naa o* |100. fcr M daya| |«00. for «0 daya; and «700 for »0 daytT Tha uaa of |I00 for SO aaya U aqnal to Uia aaa of |1 for XMO dayti » 1400 - M " " " |l " MOOO " ' « 1700 "90 " " " tl " 81)00 J^ |1M0 HOOOO Tharafora. tha naa^ |1 for 90000 daya would ba aqulralant to tha tlma to wUoh A la entlUad on kU dabi ot ^\ii>0. We have, then, thla iUtament : The UM of II for 90000 day* ti equal to that of fliOO for H daya. Tha aMraj^ time for the iwyment of A'e entire Jebt, la 16 day» hence. We art) Ihua enabled to glra a general rale for finding the average time of payment of aararal amonnta, due at different time*. ' Km.m.-MuMpl!, m«A p-vm«.< ft» lh» «««»«■ o/d«y ^f«^ " *• ^< "^ '«'"• **' """ "/ '** '«>»"'"• *» f A< »M of lA« pa^tnU. n* ,,uoti«^l b* tk, HNiptfi. of .-» ^owroo. an Account Current 1. to fis the date wh«n the *«/.«. la due. The adjustment Ucrilcd Com- pound Equation." or " Compound Average." The usual process is, fir.t to am'oe ea.h "f «/ '*"'«^ ' Zd thenmuUipig ti,, «Hount e^lM due *y th* nmnber of day* to«W* <*. outrage date*, and d.vuklh* prorf-e by Ih* balanc of th^accouHt. The r-oHent mUUth, numUr ofda^*fAm th* latent dot*. •*«. <*•*«'<"'« -^ averaift J^e; to be counted foaWAap if the amauHl taUetdueUIhe larger, and .MaWAED ./ the dtmm„t laUet dm* i* the emmlter. _ 199 ■ y i. 't. ■? "• \ .«, -^ a liA. 'iffcir^iSSki- COMMERCIAL CALCULATIONS. A batter proOMt tiiaa thla, w« thlak, baoMiM ^or« mMj eomprahaiuM aad pnetiflal, U Om vut^af kj laterwl. Kot havliif fpao* to tiMnplUy mora than oaa aiaUiod, «a ahatl ohooaa tha lattofi }■ KxMtriM I. — Tha Mlowtog aeaooat ia fouml oa my Ladgar, Tlia aoiouala oo aach alda ar« wippoaad to ba dnaatthalraararaldatea. Whaa b tha toyanc* dua t ■^\ Dr. Jonii AiOMtoir. J!mu Jfr. Or. ToMdaa S75 «50 •U /u. ByCaah ^«^N«|, AIM) Jilt 9iiS Ai/«Mim.— Firat aaanma tha data of aattlament to ba tha latatt data on which any aoMnmt, dabit or er^lt hUa doa, and rackoa Intaraat on tha dabit and cradlt Itama to that date, tU. : I CrtJiL—Th* tntcraat on |500 from Fab. 1 to Apr. 10, ^t ft, la $8.78. IMH.—tb* Intaraat on tin fron» Jan. 18 Uy Apr. 10, @ « ^ , Ia_8.t0. Ezoau of eradlt Intoraat, $1.68. It win thna appoar that on tha aaaumad date of tattlamant, April 10, Mr. AnderaoiMWad ma $9SS of aoooant, •ad $S.1K> interatt; whila I owad him $800 of account, and $8.78 intaraat In other worda: he owed me the tolaiM* of the aoeonnt ($4X8) leaa the balance of intereat ($1.88). It would be very eaay to aettle tha account at tUa date, provided the rate of intaraat waa aatiafactory, by deducting the balance of interaat from the bai. •nee of account ; but. initead of thU, it U propoaod that Mr. Anderaon pay me the tzaci batantt ahown to be doa by hia acoonnt, ai nuK tiwrn •• will aacore en equlteble Myoatment of the interest. It will be evident that were ha to pay ma tha balance of acoount on tha aaaumad day of aettiement, April 10, he wonid be the loaer of the balance of Interaat doe him at that datai Tha aim|da qneation then, U, how long may ha retain tha bakooa of acoooat ($4SBX to aoenmulate the bdvpco of intaraat ($1.88) T Flrat aacartain how muoh the balance of account will acdimuiate in dim day, and divide the balanoa of intaraat by it: tha quotient will be the number of daya which the bahuoa may b« held. Tha intereat on $4S8 for one day. •t S }( per •nnum, la $,0708; Then. $1.88 ^- $.0708 = 26+ = the number of daya. In tS daya from April 10. than, which wiU ba May 0, Mr. Anderaon will owe m& by average, tha bdanc* «r hia^oeonat, $4SB. -^ Exumi 2.— When will the balance of tha following acoonnt aTan^ due, flimiming tha dliferent itema to ba doe at their aeveral dataa r Jh. Aloitio MrroHKti.. '« Or. M»9 ToMdaa • « • 18S 780 478 1410 Jmtt ByCaali ..... Batantt, 400 SOO 810 1410 &firfioN.— ^AHnmiqg the date of aettlepent to be July 1, wa hava: Mnt IntmnU. $185IWnaMiiyl, toJoIyl— 'Saoio., |1.88 •7«> " " 18, " *— I mm 1» da., $8.88 $7.48 ' CniU Inttmu •400flKniJiiBa-I toJoly 1— l.moi . .$2.00 "* tSOO " ". " " "—IS da, . . $0.80 $2. 80 Leaving the ezoeaa of iiiMiiiiterM^ $4.g8 On Jnly 1, tha aaamned date of aettlement. therefore, Mr. Mitchell owea, ncft only hia balance of aoeonnt ($810) but a JNdanee (rf intwreat, ($4.98.) It b evident, then, that the babnoa of account haa been doe \otm : 200 •^\ kob« #•» COlfHEROIAL OAtOULATIONB. MMMfh to ■MimiaUU IhU iDtMtMi WluU ta th« Mm* r*ptr«l T By Ui« pwwM •Ir.aily ihown, w« iMwUli tit* Urn* to U •7 d«y«; which rmkoDcd bMk from July 1. will mak* tho dtwic «••*• ^*J *•• rrom tho for«|olnK •ufoplw, w« mUvm tiM foUawlii( nik for obtaUlos \h» dk« «kw th* UiaMM of m Mooonl will •varag* diM: 0*. 1LmM.—Auum» m» o. the rat* of Intereat I* unimportant, ao long aa the »am* raU U Uaed on both ildea. W« liave choaen « > . bocaiea Itla piore eaally ol.Ulned. Any other time may ba aaiumed for the date of aettlemei^ weU aa " iha Iat«it data at which any amount blla due," but, fur evident ream)na, tliia daU la preferabl*. ^ Wa will now apply the foregoing rule In av«ragliig the time for the payment of «« proettdi In a fow of tba Conalgnmont and Mdaa. Co. aooounU In tlA body of the work. EsAMru 8.— Account Salea of Flour and Wheat aold on % and riak of J. ft. Wha«lar * Co.' (l^a 71.) DaU. *'>'^\. Ammml. tm,. M da 69 da !««-. Ortfc ArUrlt. Ammml. TM*. 69 da r I — :-j M > 6« ToCaah . . . Btoraga^ete. , Uttprocud* , had. Jnttift . 100 11S75 1 8 73 77 10 S« r ifar. May 6 n ByCaah . . , . • • • 7500 4000 77 50 ISOOO 12000 77 60 Balance of account (111876); and Ulance of intereet ($78.04) on the same aWa. Aaeertaln the tlma it wffl take $11576 to aooumulata $78.04, and count backward. Ant. 88 daye before May 7, or March 80. EzAJinJi 4.— Aoconnt Salaa of Naila and LMd, aold m Joint % of togaa, WUaon A Co., and oiiraalva^ MMdii. (Pago 110.) Datt. AtttU. Ammml. 86 da 83 da MmH. Date. AtUrM. Ammml. TtaM. 84 da htm ~7 mt. \ 8 S ToCaah . . Storage, adv. Com. and Oaln^ /ftt proettdt . BoLo/Mlaratt 100 468 4186 76 96 2 4 7 60 66 78 08 6 9 ByCaah . . . " . . . 1400 8800 W 4700 _ 4700 7 n Balaaoe of aeeonnt. $4186.96 ; balance of InUr^at, $4.78. Tlma from data of aattlamant, (May 9.) ntAcMil ^laakwant. 7 daya. Eqiifrt«4 tfaM, May 9. ant • The CommlaaloB, Storage, etc, taaiaomed to ba due when the aeeonnt la rendered. t Thia ia the aaanmed date of •ettlemeu^ aa the note giren March 5. falla due at thla tlme.-8ee AeconntSalea. 1 It mbat Mt be forgotten, that idtbougb the eonaignee ii, in thia caia, a partner, hia aeoount la rendered aim; ply aa an agani, or oonalgnea. In thia view, hia own ahare of the net gain ia aa much a part of the " cbargM M b hia eUimfor «ommiMion. In fll theaa atatemenU of Company ealea, we have eooaidered the invoice fomiahed by the eonaignor aa aubject to the aama time of aetUement aa the average aalea. rhe/aet iu all auch mattera ahould prop*riy be atated in the partneiahip contract If the coniignee'a ahare of the Invoice U conaidered due whea tba pw>paityUahlpp«d,itwiU,ofcouTae,varythe time of equaUon. ^ .1 '■•:■■■■ '^^ ^^ ■■ ,.■■■■ ■ A^J^-twrirl^kiiii^^tii^^i^v^v^tfU^, OOMMEROIAL OALOtJlATIONS. ir«y TtoCMh ^ . Htonig«. Adv. Cum. Md (Jala •0 tan I • ISO «1 da «0 da 6« B9 J»tf BjrOMh • l«0 DalanM of Aeeoant, |«I)8I ; I>.Imm of InArmt, ♦S.oa. Tlma ftt>m daU of MtUMMaL (Jul* I \ 11 H«« Nokoavd backward 13 day*. E<,.at«d tlma, Juna 20. ' ' ^ ExAMrtt «._Acoount flalea of 3u«ar. aold oa Joint J« of F. A. OoyU 4 Oa. N. O.. Campball A Btraiv and ouratlvaa, aaoh f (Pag* 111.) i/a^ ArlHlt. ToCaHb.paldPra't Hu>nM(f, AiL ato. Our iiat Kala , S«I0| 187 50 8S4 17 «S0«»3 7BOOO0 17 ifay ByCaah.Nota,ato. Balv/lHt. 1 7500 00 7500 00 17 17 BalavMi>rao«9aiit.KS08.)t8: balaneaof lntare.t.|o.I7. Tha tima It wonM Uka for tha balaiii of aooonnl to acouwulatathialiitareat would bemud, lew U.anona day. Kquatad time, May 8. J '•"' «" --^ w-t. Th, j^^ p. R dmots. m AcSoouifr Cnnmn urn Iitnnuwr wi™ a a * p., April 10, 186a 18M (« M Jfar. Apr. 10 TbMdaa. . . BaLoTInt! ' \ To Balance . AwMumt. 100 htl*n$t. 1860 1 BOO s'ss Ffh. 1 ^I" 01 2,46 i* 15 700 86 10 03 870 40 6 80 10 20 , 8665 20| 8162 = 1480|s0J Or. ByCMh . . 4f Bui. of Int. BaUlhM . 676 400 1480 20 8655 20: Dt$. 6» 66 hUmM. »l'7» s|a8 10 20 21 6a J^T^J^x ^ f j.""*^ **•"?» ">• •Ix.Ta U 6 J6, Tha daWt intaraat axcewl. tha er«Mt tntaraat « «J?tnt!^ °° 7^15 '**^" '^'""' *•"" °^P'"' '"^'« »» »^« "•'•^Hy of both debit «h1 tl»r^Baoa.aitrtii»thefw,u«,ttnu«f.rofi«temt«h»monaddaoftha«»ounttothaothar ' ^'^ ■ -l ■» OOMMEKOIAL OALOULAT/ONS. PARTmntAnip •■rrLEMtimL •ni« xljnitmont of •Mrninta Mwtwn partiwra invnltM, oA«i, th« nIoMi illwHmlnAttons. M|>tMlatiaa uf Um varioua ^>»Ar^^^tl• '>f •■'ff'Twil ratHM. Th« UaU oT >ll MMh MttUiMote U, of aotira*, Ui* origtMl i^prMnMHit or mmtrMl hrtww Um partlMi Ik* (MM ot wbloh ftunM alwajt Im uT Um bmnI pUla Md aawjalroMi Mtoni. ▲ hw polata, oaly, mmI b« w y r m iii la • |Mvt**rahip oonlnuit; unoiig whloh arai fXrit. Th* aiiiaaal to b« IotmIwI by Mch partiiar. " lb«M4 TIm mttIom to b« rMHWwl by Mah, uul Uia MrnipwiMtUNi to h« •llowad iWafer. J5Wni Tb« bMia at gain or loaa, and tha pfopofttoii to Im ahaniNl by aMb partnar. It U fra.|uantly tha eaaa tbat |>ariii«ra, daalring to hava avarytblng r,fprAW In lh« oonlrMt. Mid oM ajt IvaetaUnff tba full liaariiic of oartaln oindltlooa, daAwl Ukalr own purpoaaa, by malili^ Um ianw UMMMlvaa Ineompatlbla. Iq aiich oaaaa. tba oooatnicUutt abuuld ba la •oaonUaca with tha avIdMil inltnt aT tha partlaa. TTm dlfflonlUaa ailatlng la {Nvtaarahlp aatUamaaU m ao Irngvltr, that any attompt tt aupplyloK cump*- Ual nilaa to maat arary oaaa, would ba prapoataroiM. It l«, hnwavar. pnaalbta to ^Iv* Mich ganaral bInU and Uloatrajlona aa will apply la tha in^ority of oaaaa ; a thorough knowlvdga of tha prUwIplaa of aocouoU, with •oActant cummon lanaa to apiily tbaoi, muit do tha raat. Tha following gnnaral aUUmaat*, although maay of UMm ara ialf«iridaat, will mm a mrpOM m UM aoloUooa nndar Utla haad,i 1. TlM;>r'• aaoartaLla tba original lavaatinaat, to wltich add Uia not gain, or from which lubtraot tha nat loaa. Horn— If Um lUblUUaa aioaad Uia raaoaroaa. Uia dllhfWMa U Um a«f intolntuf. 1 Tha iMf imwitmiml. In boalaaaa, U Um amoant inraatad, laaa Uia aawnnt drawn ont by Uia partoara. S. Tha «wrmf» inmituunt la a mm whieh balaf kapt la Um boalaaaa daring tha apaelfiad Uma, would ba •^olvalant to tha actoal InTaatmanta, In tha compound hiUo of Uma and amount. To aaoartain tha avaraga Inraatmant, multiply t»eh Invaatmant by tha tlm« of lu eootlnnaooa In tha bnaU Maa, and dlrida tha aum of tha produoU by the Uma for which tha avarage U wanted. The muat aatlifactory proof b to oon>}>uto the Intereat on each Inveitment for Uie time of lu cootlnuanoa. whloh muat ba equal to Uiat on tha average Inveatnieot for Uie apeclfied Ume of averaga. 4. The jraDatgalnorloaa,||«tUiadinM«nMbatwaeaUiaMf<«»MrM(iU«orfA^ If Ika jiraaaat worth la tha laixer, the dlffereaoo la a gain ; If aawllar, a hit. EzAima 1.— A and B ara partnera, oommaneing with a Joint capital of flO.OAO. Tha torma of Uia eon. tract are Uiat A ahaU raoelva f and B i of Uia nat g^n. At Um cloao of tha year, whan Uia divlalon la to b« made, Um raaoaroaa and llabUltlaa atand thnai ^aeiowM Gaah. .......... |ST9S.1II IferchandUe, . ... . . . SSOO.OO BUla RaeaWabla . IftOO.OO ParaonalAooounta, . . . , . BSOO.00 LiaMMu. -' BUla Payable $3000 Paraonal AcoounU, ...... 1600 $4000 91AS9S.M What proportion of Um net raaoaroaa bakaga to each pnrtaart arfarta^.— Flrat aaoartain Um net gain, by aabtracUng Uia inreatmant from Uie preaent worUi. vifci Total RaaonrBaa, ............ |1689S.2« Liia Total LUbUlttaa, . 4800 Learea Preeaat WorU). . . ... . . . |iimj,m ftom whieh aobtrhet InTaatmant, ...... loooo VLMTingKatOain, TlW^M 204 ^"■^x 1 at ell and ••* d! Ui •iito mIvm miaa. iiin|i*- U antl .with la UM UU*. JOMlt, a. id b« but- ictnry ui to >rui« I. If tob* \ COMMERCIAL 0AL01ILATION8. tlipft>»r'»tlMw«>Uwi<»toy>ilMW«>1iii<«lil.HM I «• - -. 1M4.H. A'« " " " EijiiaU bU P t t MB t Wortli, ..,>... I TuUl l'r«Ma» Wortk, M httaf Aawm, , M4Mt .IIIIM-U Is^artB %.—C D and C UfMUd m fcHowtt J*' (' put la 14000, mmI df«w oqt I too D " •000, - Mi V - 4600, " JOOO li*iff«l^r.O-.dn.r.part««. Th.y lBt.rt I. *i««1 ««"«nt* At th. «!<- of th. y«.r IhMt Jtrr^cl!::Tl.rlhmt.,.ri7 ""• »>»• |SltS.SS ; O'i. IMOO J U'.. |1»«6«.«7. B.A>m« 4.-A ..d B .r. p.rin«r.. «»T.-ln« ^rMy, ..d d>»lng *i«ll, In g^ l^lo—. At «o» BiwplBg bMliiMi, tbdr r«wurcM Md lUbUlUM M. •• tollaw.1 Vampltaltteloaliif, < ■»■ CMh lldM. BUb lUcWabl., . . . LUAUUU*. Bin. P.3r«bl.. ••*» r.r.oii.1 Mcount* • • _J?! I112S JUmtirttK CMh, BUU BmnItiO)!.. . . . IBOjO 1475 , _750 AtdMlng, MfoUowtt PotmiwI MMwonta, •!*<* BUU l'«y«bl., 'O**® 17000 fsooo ■9000 /» $4500 •Whiit t. the whole g.ln or Iom T Wh»t Uh mw'. net «pl1.. . . 1400 1 Jan. 1. . . |«no« )ivh 0000 203 Apr. 16,, Sept. 15. . 4000 . 600 July 1, 4U00 ,A ■.„ i7«iAl ^^ ii'jii M^^ ^^M,A^tJi^ik^^M^3i^^Tdi Aj, .^i AMii. OOMMEUOIAL OALOU LATIONII. Ai Um tUm «r Ik* jmt iMt i I m4 lUUItllM tr* M MhMni [>• CaA IIIM Iiuk iHMh, »Nm MmI iUUU , 1MM lUito lUMUkbk «Mm KMW JUmMNNm •IMM ITM WiMl k (Mh HMi'* •!»#• of llM fkU t Wbai Mch m ««I0 " " Id. " Marvb I. || - a ITM I'iSOO - Mareh 1, " July 1. 4 " alMIOUO IIHSO •• July 1. '• AuKtKit II. a « w SSTUO I«M " Auyuat II, " Davauibar II, « •• aa MUM |12U>SU-*rl,l IHUM - July 9100 " L'» Itntttmtnl*, t, to January II, I month m flinoo II. " April Ift. ik IS, " July. I. 3^ I. " 8a|>t«tnl*ar 15, 3^ Bapumbar 11, " Dacaiubar II, l| I98IM 4- 19 a |807o.lt. L'a aToraga loraatmant. m IIMNM) = I4(MM) a 11810 |9MM ICa arorago iDTaatinent. ...... #101 98.11 L'a " " JWT0.8I Total •• |I8S««.8« < W« hara, then, tha familiar-formula: "Aa the whola Invaatmant la to ea1, " Decambar 81, 4 206 = 160.00 s 118.80 = 17700 I61UI r- COMIISKOIAL 0AL0ULATION8. XT* , tMO " • . 11. " A^HJ • A|wa U. " J«ly - J«l]p I. ■I.I I mttkm 9t^m l».l« - m nM ».n - m 10,00 ■•.M • m ItMO •I.N •• * IMM I4M.U • ■Mm iMiMUMt. ftei T«kli« Umm MMMMla aT lalarMi 4m. m i«talt • " aapltal al aliwlnc |l9T4f .t* L'a Ml lBTaaUM«l b^ ...... •• " gala Ittinn.iio I»0ll.it4 •• " aaplUl al tUlac. • fV'*^*! pTMMit worth uT Arm, |tl3taOO IfoTiL— In anmpatlns lh« InturMt alK^*. aa aUo. In miilUplylag tha InTaatmanU V.y th* tima M tfcalr •«»• tlauanm wa har* tak.n th. e!M. •oh- traoting tha lattar from tha forwar. ThU Ull.r lu-UioU U praf«rra any (raal a«tan»,i« ganaral copartnafahl|Hi. Iml U prullar U. Jolnl^itock c..n.-»ri.a. wh.ra It la ».tlnial«l aa a p,rr*««-,/#.thar«iul» Iwlng praelaaly tha aawa aa by Iha alK.ta matli.Hl. It In much mora «a«y U» .Iwlara a pan-antaRa dlvl'l.n.l In Jolnl^toak eoncarna. for two a.|Mflal raa««a: flrat. tha ca|>ltal d.«a not (l,.rtu.ta-th« amount ,^*U^k whUh ^a man holda balag alwaya hU a»». «7* Uff-tmrnt-an.l nrit tha galna ara n»■ CliaallatanM.. , . |ioo.iW • |MlfM% . . . Ml.Tl ," M( la*M(Qiaiil. . |nOlin.l)0 - M^ktai, .Ai/jr I. . . lioMl.Ti lU flOB. llaa woulil fy appaar thai If (>■ aoj ir<»»-l. a aH of Ikribljlalry a„k,, a •4ll«ni.„| (|k, ,h, ,h.,„ w«,|.| U M.llr .IIW«t«|. br aarrrlw Oa <.Ur«M allows tb. llrM p.rt..„ .l.,«,i|, u, •!.. .^.u .^ i,^ ^ „^, ,,^„j^ y,, ,^ ' J^ •■paiM* »hl.uflhaba.lo.aa. ' .^l^teli^"" ?;.!*' " "" •Tilr* ^ "^ l*^"- »!-» A ami B an, to fcraUh Ihaaapltol. ■•tnlB.baaUlata.paMaa.l.e«OOOiUiaa.pana.a.wbl«bl«.,.b.a„,«jafru«lba ■ • - ■wkorihaMlgdMUaMibpartiiaraaUtMtoJ ^ \. fc/«««..wl| «oBl,l ,a«, at «frt%1.w. Ihrt th.,. )llNini~a (ncompatlbllU tract It l« trua Uiat If %t,m ba aa.uina.1 a. Ui, gain. U, U .lUblaU anuiof iha ft Mi»aa» aiau .— . B, fcr.tfc^ M 1 .114 B •»• •pM.n-d. tha «at gata la 14500. # «r #««0»-.|tSOO. A'a ihara of tha «!». I " ison^ Ills, V " - - 4«ouar |iw,cra " - • 4M)0<- »«0, ly* " « « larffad wit^Mffitflka aspaaaaa, |a00, which daduotod from Ihatr ahara of th« raault t '^ ,, . "" •» •I1W-HM-.|8»», e. aharaof tha |400a fSO- tSO— SCO, !>'• " ■ « «.^i;;?hr! ^" '*"''■•*•" '"•*'"«*^«»»'"'"- »" •-. r.«.r.l«l.l„ thXbora ««urtm«.ti on. for th. ril. ""r""^'' which th. tyro would ba apt to ancountar. woold U th. uJfi to dl,.da whuZ™ Jh« eon.wn th«,by ^doclnR U.. gala., but .ho«ld hara charg^l thair own per«,»al accounU th. «m. a. •PpropH.Urt-1,* ^0 •***>»-'• •''-47 wc«lT«d«ach|a*.. It J.omdbadadu«todfro«th.lr«ln. «8 n; •I" till th to »i ir ti d . it.tt'iw ■*^^s»^ .e li-i^- J.^'St. t / ^.i.i( "^1* . # y fj^ v^ I. |l.tl ini tl.TI tW ith«r mini rilMjr A. Id >IU). Til* IMllll •Uti ouJtl I to tof IM hla 't-'.^., 1 OOMICKRCIAL OALC^L^f lONII. ■ 4i>*tl t -n^M wulhrnb of *4I—Haf Imt*r*t4 titmttm (MrfiMr* I. Y. MhI 1! ii|» •Ilk ii« i 4<(i'« M ' mumIim 'i* X'l mmI Y*t *#MM nl lnivTMl nvw r* may tM rh*ncr*,TU.I MM|I« ifcltll* ••.mJi" iImq Df. * (k, i)K MM cat wfc^^ mmX A of IIM II win Im tt9f\ thai Itia «*l.i1»t>lta afila, tt n ai M a uxif* ftfilllj autlanliiuil axl a|ii>llatul, ntxm ttia AillMliHnK annttlllMMi^ to raaalva •• • lalary lUOO ; II, •!««<• ; and <;. IHMMi ; tha ipiln to Iw iHvIiImI fiiu^aiy m Ih* rlma y«Mr, lb* Ml gala, asoluatTa of Miartaa. provaa to ba |>uW). To bow «iuab uf tba* amuMU U aatb |iartiMi i«,/H• '"tw bM« aatriatl lo Rl|MBaa %., taalaAl «f a gmU ul |1HMNi thcni «oul|warml a /«•« nf n<»>» Tim pr» f UI«M or Iba cortlraf I ara thai tha " g,uf ahall ba oWKMit, llial tf UMra ba A>^* InllMd of ^in*. tba |iraiiorUo«i luual ba tba aaiua, Wa hava. tlian. Iba hitUuwluK r««ull. A'l t-iial Inaa. fia)l.»S ; B'a. lULBI ; (*•. •«•« li, TbaMora, |tAOO-|l>a.M — lUM,*?, A'a aharak 1*700 iiiio~.«uaa— a««.eT. B'a " MOO -^ - lOOO- M«.M— J7«»«». 0« " floo Tout, . . itooiSiou ^ A «(M*«i Ma<7 with rafarvRM to aaltlaaaaU Ilka ifia than, would ba to dWIda tha t>OM In proportlM to Ihra MiMriaaw Tba rtaanniiiK wooltl ba Uila : If Uiara bad baaa aamad Jual iSVUo, A would iMf a rwalva4 ItfttA ; n, |l« « htM— flat loaa, . > . . • « • ToM. |aooo.oo Tha ramady for aH ancfi miMoneeptiooa lalo undanUnd tha dlatlnMloo batwaan ttia aaparaia enntraoU to tb« ooptrtnarahip Tha apportlunnicnt of aajary, In tba aliuTa eaaa. U abwIuU, and la luit at all contiPKanl upoo tba gain or loM. To appraclata tbla lact ftilly. auppoaa Uia aalary U to ba paid to clarka Initrad of to tha likrtnara; tba raault would ba a loaa of |7tH>, aa abowo U tha flrrt atatfinant. Th» 4>artn».rii act In tha double oapMlty.of propriatora and amploy«a ; aa einployAi, tbay i/aln aaoh tba amouut of hU allpulatad a4»ry ; aa proprlaton, thay /oM «acb i of 1700, f 24 209 t ^ . ^ y: ft an ^'l.^r V V « > / )■ (•„ ;^;/)l'H' Ia' , f ^'', r/ r » SJM:. ^ _■ t - ■ ' * /■<.■' • ' ■ ■ / GENERAL HINTS AS TO DIVIDENDS. ■ "i -^ , V GENERAL HINTS AS TO DIVIDENDS. ■■- .'■ It is eiMtomary with ttt MUbllahiiMnto to declare, p«rlodi<^ly, tha galna or loaaaa In bulDcaa. Joint. atook oompanlea usnally do thia twice a year, and all other coooeme aa oftvn aa once a year. It la well to eon* alder, in all aaoh eaaea, not onlf what apptan to be the eondition of the busing with Reference to ^alni and loaiea, but what that eondltton really ml It ta not inpoaaiblo that tha Representative accounta should make a fair (how of proeperity, while th|g atato of available reaoureea would plainly Indicato an entirely different aUto of affaira. For ioatance, the credit aide of Merchandiae account nwy ^hlbit a commendable preponderance over the debit aide, ahowlng thereby a gain; while the reaoureea which that credit produced may have a fietitioua value. Snppoae the merchandiae to have been eold on notea and peraonal accounts which are not worth mora than half what their Ledger tiUea express. It will be evident that the Uenhandise account exhibits a flctU tioua gain of exactly the amount of iuch depreciation of reaoureea ; and any dividend declared on such a basis would be false to that extent; aa it would fail, by ao much, of b«ing realiied. The question, then, arlsea. Would It be beat to diapoae of these doubtibl aeooonU by carrying their deficiency to llta and Gain T Bach- • course would donbtleaa be legitfanato, were it possible to detormine just hou tmrikle** the accounu were, or how much of them It would be safe to retain as absolute resources. This uncertainty would suggest the pnv priety of permitting them to remain upon the Ledger until their worth could be aacertain^d ; besides, it would scarcely be advisable to close up a personal account so long aa any chance remains of realising it What, tlien, la the best method of retaining theiie doubtful accounts on the Ledger, and yet avoid showing a fictitious galnt The most satisfactory plan of which we have a knowledge, la to opos a general account to represent lia- bilities ; as, for bstonce, " Suspense," or " Sinking Fund" to the credit of which fiarry all doubtful resources, debiting Loss and Gain with the same. It is well understood that a liability will vancd i^ resource, and vitt vema. Aa the "Suspense" account would thus be considered a liability, it would, of Course, offset Ju»t so much of what appisars elsewhere as resources; and thus permit the dividend to be matle from the actual gain. In all »««ses, however, where resources have been thns canceled, there should be some method of kno#ing which they are, that if any thiqg is thereafter realized on them, " Suspense" account may b« charged and Loss and O^n credited. The result of this arrangement would be tQ gnard, in tha most effectual way, agidnst excessiTe dividends, and to exhibit perpetually the accounts in " au^iense," without exciting the suspicion of the partiea from whom we may hope, eventually, to realise a fiihr proportion, at least, of the amonnU showp to be due. Where the object is simply to declare dividends due partners that are to continue in the same rektion, it Is not necessary to be very exact in these esUmates ; but if the,purpose be to arrive at the actual condition of the business with a view to changing the reUtions of proprietondtip, it will be necessary to estimate tha rtal value of such doubtful resources, or as nearly aa possibloi The plan usually 'adopted of dosing all doubtful resources into " Suspense^ isnotonly Injurious, but utterly useless, as the Suspense account must then represent a resource or a loss. If a resource, the accounta may «■ well have remained nhder their proper titles, and if a loss, they should have been carried directly to Loss a^ Gains But the chief objection to sudh a course would be the exhibiting of accounta aa closed which are yet owing, tad may be paid. If Mr. A., for histance, whom we have thus considered doubtfld, should desire to see his account oh our Ledger, that he may pay it, it might be awkward to inform him that, having considered bk accoi^t worthless, we had carried it to Loss and Gain. Be might not desire to contribute so direcUy to our profit, ' , * , - In Joint«tock ooncema. particularly, where th6 settled policy Is, under no oircmnstances to decrease tha ^ capital stock, a " Suspense," or " 8inking.Fund" account is exceedingly proper ; and It U well, nnd^r such dn. cumsUnces, to carry to such account, not only the resources which are doubtful, but a sufficient amoimt to cover all contingencies. It is qnito aa eyy to estimate the^eal value of a " Sinking Fund" account as that of any doubtful resonrca, jand In case an exatt statement of the condition of\he oonc^ i« i^onted, any exce« whiebmay have been tranaforred hithermay be easily restored. ^W^ _L_ ■»(*a n Uohu value? 47 Upon what doea the fluctuation of exchange depend? 48. In making remltiancea to foreign conntriea. la It alw^ best to remit by the direct route ? 4». How la the value of remittance, by the Indirect route deter, mined? 80. What lathe peculiarity of an Individual note? 61. Of a joWt note ? 62. Of .joint and .everrf note? 6». Of a principal and surety note? 64. Of a chattel note? 66. Of anon-negotUblenote? 66. What 1. the curtom in ^U country respecting fer«se on blUa? 67. If the l«it day of grace falta on Sunday or^her legal holiday, when murt the note be paid? 68. What la the regulation respecting preMntaient?^69. When are notea "on demand" legally due? 60. What i. neceesary to render a note negotiable? 61. How doe. a draft differ from a note? 62, To what doe. the term right In a dpift refer? 68 Wtat te "tmct.v. feature of due-bllla? 64. What is the difference between a certlfi*t«r of deposit and a certified check? 66. What are the different form, of checks? 66. Whrt advantage has a check drawn "to orde^ over OM drawn "to bearer r 67. Under what circumstance, are draft, and check, drawn? 68. Are draft, ere* drawn ae^nat .pedal conaignmenta? 2111 ■ ssi-j-i-si J.I*"'* j^^^^s^^feA '^isl *-.\ ■X fj^jfm^ % VOCABULARY OF MERCANTILE TERMS. ABANDONMENT, tb« miitraderiDf of • ship or goodt' ioiund, to the iorarer. Akattmmit, diiooant allowed on damaged good*, or for tbe.paToieiit of money before due. JeMftaM$, the formal agreement to p^y • draft or bill •eoordiog to ita lerma. jUeommuJation, the loan of monej or of one's name opon which money may be raised. AceouiU, a ayiteroatio arraDgement of debila and erediis under the name of a peraoo, apeciea of propertyi or cauaa. Book-keeping is the teitnet of AccDunts. . Aeoount-Ourfnt, a running, or unsettled account , Jceounta$U, one skilled in Accounts, or engaged in keep- ing books. Aottuurit, the active officer in a Life Insnrsooe oompany ; one skillod in the science of annuities. J^fuitnitnt, the aettlement of a loss incurred by the in- sured; a general settlement J h f m iH Ut nUor, one who administers upon an estate, by order of the Probate Court jUtUUhition, the act of debaaing by misin([ any spnrious commodity with a genuine at^cle. Ad valorem, according to the value ; a term used in flz- iog the rates of duties on imports. *Adttntur», a speculation ; usually applied to the abipment of goods on account of the shipper, Jdvaiut, increase in price ; money paid on goods before tbey are delivered. Adiiet. Information |ivea with reference ton shipment or other important matter. Ai/tnt, Ota who acta; uaually applied to • person wbo does'business for, and in the nfcme of another. Aifio, •; term uaed to denote thW difference iMtween the real and nominal raluri of mctaey. ^^Umwmm, deduction made ihini weights, eta [SeeTbra:] ^sto^^aiMrftois. The operation of forming amalgam; ^ mixing m^vnry with any metal, AitU-daU, to date beforehand. J^fnUial, a raloe'set upon goods or propwfy ofsny kind. .il|^nMf«r, one wbo appraises. ^utduel, a channel or oouduit for the oonTeyanoa of water. ArMraUtm, the heiqring of • eanae between parties in eonttovieray ; estimating the value of exchange, nego- tiated through indirect cbannela. JjMy, the trial or proof of the purity of metals. A u t tt, reaouroea of any kind; available means. A n t u m t nt, a valuation of property or profita, for the pnrpoae of taxation. A umt or, one wbo assesses or vslues property. ^siViMW, a person properiy appointed to transact bnrinesa, or receive proper^ for, or on account of any person or estate. Au i ffntir, one who m akes an as signm e nt o r tr a nsfei s Autffnmmt, the act of msking over property «r tnial 4»>.< - • anaaaignee. £' fcvl Auoeiatton, the union of persons in oompany, for transaction of busmeos. Auorhiumt, a variety of aorta or kinds, sdapted to variooa wants. Aunramit, a gnarantee or indemnity. [Bee /(wvnMNW.] AUaekmmt, a legal warrant for seising • man'a persua 7^ or goods. . :;^ Aiutwh, a method of selling goods to the highest bidder, AuctuiMir, one who sells goods at auction. , Auditor, a peraon appointed and authorised to examina aocounta, compare vouchers, etc Uwru^, a term uaed to denote damages or expenses re- sulting fVom accideota at sea; the mean time for the payment of several itema due at different times. Avi/ii\iuiioii, toe common standard of weight for all con^ moditiea except precious metals and druga. BALANCE, a term used to denote the difference be- tween the sides of an account, or the sum necessary to make the accoiint balance ; an account in the Led- ger, ahowing reaouroea and liabititiea, B> eed. hot- ttay itha tha Hha- tOCABDLARY OF MEKOANTILE TERMS. ,|NM JUt, In gpod Mth. .^mx^ ■ deed by whioli tha party binda Hlmiair, bia heira, axaoutora and aaalgna to tha parformaooa of oartain eondltiona. S(m44d OooJ; *hou whtoN remain tn tba Coatom war*- bouaa until the duthia ara paid. « BtUomff Boiml, a mortguge on the bottom of a TeaacI, that ia, on tba veaaal itaalf, for tha repay meot of money loaoad. Jinthr, a trader In atoeka, money a, or other conimaditiea. Snttrofft, the eommiaaion or pereanlage charged by a broker for lerTicaa. CAPITAL, InTeatment in bnslneaa. Oarat, tb« weight which expreaaaa tha degraa of flntoeaa of gold. Otifo, the lading or fhvight of a reaael. Ouhi*r, one who keepa tha cash account; the Bnancial officer of a bank, railroad, or mercantile houaa. Oirrim; one who carries good* for another. CkarUr, an inatruineiit bestowed with form fnd aolem- nity, bestowing certain privilvgea and righta. CharUr-party, a contract between the owner of a ahip and tha frAghter. ClMMnw, a eertiflcata trom the Cnatom-Houaa that a ahip haa permisaion to sail. CUaring, the obuining of permission for a ship to leaTe port; the exchanging of drafta and aettlement of bal- ancea between different houaea. CUaring- IhMt, the plaoa where the operation of clearing is performed. Uwrtiwjj, the trade carried on between different porta of the aame country. Coin, piecea of metal, usually gold or ailreri impreased with a public atamp, and used as money. Oammerct, the exchange of commodities. OammiuUm, a percenUge for the aale of gooda or other aerrioe; O/mpany, an association of persona for a common enter- prise. Cbmpound, to setUe with a creditor by pkying a part only of the debt. OmpromiM, an agreementembraclngmutualconceaaiona. Omtifntt, one to whom goods are couaigned. OiHuigiuiutd, goods consigned to be sold on account OoMigitor, one who consigna gooda. Ooittoh, an abbreviation of the term "Consolidated ^ Fonda," applied to the chief public atocka of England. Cnmiml, an agent for a government in a foreign laud. Ombatand, an urticle prohibited ttom being imported, exported, bought or aold. Qmtniet, an agreement between two or more partlea upon auBicient consideration, ta do, or not to do a cer- tain thing. ' ' CbiUnt, on the pppoaita aide. . Ovpyright, (he aecured privilege of monopoUtlng the publication of any book or work. OoaiU«tftU, a spurious article reaembling the genuine. Ow/MMi, a French word, signifying cut tf. It ia applied to interest warranU, attached to public stocks, bonda, etc. When puid tbc^ are cut off from the bond. CrtdtiUitU, the official warrant of a delegating power, authorizing the holder to act in a specified capacity. Crtdit, trust given to one who owes. Currtneg, a term used to expresa the collective amonnt of money used in the business of buying and selling. ' OiutotM, the tariff charged by law on imports or ex- ports. ^ * PuMLm-BniJif: ihe otfice where tht buaineaa connected DAMAGED aOODS, In tha tangnaga of emtomt, ara gooda aubjtct to duUea, that have received injury, kitber in the voyage home, or tha bonded warabouaa. Daft ^ Oraet, the tima allowed by Uw and uaaga b»v twaen the written date of maturity of a not* or drafi, and the date upon which it must be paid. DtbuUun, a certiBcate of drawback entitling tha Im- porter to return dutiea on gooda ahipped again. IttU, an amount owing trwa one party to another. Iheimal. ttvm the Utin dietm, aigniiying teu i any aya- t«m of Minting by tcaa. «• D,eii»uiJnifUoH», fraetiona having any power of ten fa* . thelfdenominator. Dttd, a written contract, sealed and deliverwl: /V/ifariiiw, diminutton, deducted from. Xyiiuttfr, one who faila to account for money or ral*-, ables entmatfld to hia care. IMiMTf, the paasing of gooda or money from on* to a»> other. . , ., Dtmaniand Stipftg, terma need to denote the relaUoM existing between consumption and production. DrmurrtLgt, forfeit money for detaining a veaiel beyond her time. . i Dtttitr, a small French copper coin. Dttialioft, the departure of a veaael ttom the conrta apecifled tn bar insurance policy. Z)^>tomai«»«n(; eonaideration allowed for the payment of a debt before it ia due. /HaWmrf, diviaion of proflU among atoekholders. jMnehaet, an amount remitted which haa been previoualj^ paid Hdutiea. Druft, an order for the payment of mOner. Drautt, the person on whom a draft is drawn. Dramr, t^e peraon who drawa a draft. />if, becoming Insolvent /.-.., Faney tUoeto, usually applied to the stoeka of jomt-oom- panies, subject to fluctuation in price. Facor, the polite term for a letter received; a note ot draft U i»/avor of the peraon to whom it ia to be paiity Fet Hmph, an eatate held by a person in his own nght \; Finanee, pe r taining to - m ene y ; th e public r e venu e. with customs i» transacted. 213 •-xN VOOABULABi OF MEBCAJfTILE TERa^S: f, an ofllMr of rtrraa*; OM •killed In idomj ■Mtterm. ?\rm, Uia gMMiml title of • eopertnerafalpi FifHH,m meaaure equal to oina ale galloi •, /brwfeM, to cut the mortgager off Ihun tb« aqalty of r«- deniption. JbfytaUimf, bnylog op produe^ before It gaU to market, to enbanoa Iba prioa. Jiirm, a particular arraogemeot; • cyatematie metbod of exprtaaigg facta. IbrtautU, tbe part of t)>a oppar deck of a abip for- ward of tbe meat FeUo, page of a book ; oiually applied to tba two pagea oppoaito eaeb other. /Wiae, a Frenob ooio, aqoal to about algbtaen oaota of Amariean mooajr.' ./hM lyad*, the pulicy of conducting international oom- meroe, without dutiea. FMgkt, gooda being traniported ; th« priee of tnmapoi^ taUon. tknd, a atoek or capital ; a aum of mpaej appropriated to aome special enterpriae; uaed in tba plural to da- aoto weidtli, geueralljr. GAUOINO, tbe art of meaaaring tba contaato of a cask or other receptacle. Oalio road or thorongbfara. Miffk Siai, tbe w>t«ra of the ocean, without the bounda- riea of any country. BiM»or, to accept or pay when dn«> ffjffuUtcaU, to pledge aa aecurity. • I WORT, to bring from a foreign eonntrr. htporUMom, the act of importing ; the thing impoHed. /iKltmaiiy, a guarantee againat lou* Jiuotvtney, the condition of bankruptcy. Jiuurauet, indemnity from loaa; the rate paid for Indem- nity. JnttaUment, part of a anm of money paid or to be paid at a certain time. . Inttnmt, tbe ns« of money; commonly defined aa a per- centage allowed by tbe borrower to the lender. Invmtorg, a lltt of goods enumerated in detail. Jntitlmmt, tbe laying out of money in tba puaobaaa of property. Jnviiiei, a bill of gooda bongbfor aold. JETTISON, gooda tbrdWn.orerboard to lighten a abip in a atorm. Jpintw^ an eatate in landa tattled on a woman, in e4n- aideratipn of marriage. ^/int-iUet, property beldln eommon by a company. Jorniial, tbe chief book of tba currant entriea in huaineaa. LEASE, a contract demiaiag tba oaa of property fbr a certain time. Ltifftr, tba mercbaat'a book of aooonnta. lugaef, a bequeat; money or property given by wilL IJiUr <)f Ondit, an open letter of request authorixiug tbe holder to le u e i i e i I uu ac u uui i t of tb a w riter. moaa y i r, a debt or claim againat • peraoa. Lttnm, a legal permiaaion to do ^ certain act ancb aa aaltiog gouda, rto. litn, aeenrily on land or other property. liffkUr, a large, open, flat-bottom«d boat uaed to carry gooda to or from a reaael when loading or unlokd- ing. Ligktmraft, a charge or eommlaaion.for earning gooda ia a lighter. LiquUaU, to pay or aatiufy demands Laait, that which ia lent for a temporary purpoaa. ^Msrw, gain in n^uey ur gooda. ?■ j" . MAMFE8T, a list of the articlea eompriaing a Te» td'a cargo. - ifantf/Kfura, the process of oonTcrtlog raw materiala into articlea of uite anil aal». Manufactory, tbe place where goodi are nianufaclured. MariM, a general name fur tbe nary of a kiogdom or a atate. MiraUm* la», law relating to ba^rs, abipa, and aea> men. i Mark, or Mare, a weight in European countriea for aatt> mating gold and ailver. Matariif, the date when a note of draft folia due. Maximum, the highest price or rate. MtrcantiU Law, law pertaiiiiug to buainess tranaactiona. Mtrekandm, gooda ; the conimun articles of barter. MtreMoHt, one who apeculatea in merebandise. Minimum, the lowest price or rate. Mint, the place where money ia coined. Jfonopo^, the aole rifht to make ar uae a certain artielo, jfiHMterjr, relating to financial mattera. Mirtgag*, tbe tranal'er of property to aecure the paymeni ofii^abt. MortgdgH, the peraon to whom the tranafer is made. Morigagtr, (be one who makes tbe transfer. NAVIOATIOK, the acfence of conducting ships or other ressels from one port to another. Ntt, or KM, that which nteaios of a weight or quantity i^er certain dcductiona. Sa Proc-di, tbe amount due a consignor, after deduct* ing cbargea attending sales. iVteM, a, scarM metal resembling silrer; n^ in tbe composition of the new cent coin of the United State*. Utotarji Puttie, an officer wliose chief busioeaa it ia to protest paper for non-payment A'aU, an incidental r«mark made for tbe purpose of e>> planation ; a written obligation to pay money or gpoda. PAR, equal in ralne. Partnenkip, an agreement between two or mora persona to share in the profit and losa of any enter- priae. PaumbnJktr, a person who adrances money on goods, baring power to dispose of the same if ftbe money ia not n^unded aa p4Jr contract Poliff qf'inturanee, contract between the insurer and tba insured. PordV*, tba amoniit paid by a captain in running hia Te«< ael ; the price of cariying. Pnmium, the anm paid for insurance { the ezoeaa o( taiue abora par. Priet (^mnt, a Hat of tpncbandisc, with market ralno. Principal, an employer ; tbe bead of a cDmmercial bouae ; the aum loanad upon whicb interest sccruea. Prattit, a formal notice to the sureties of a note or draft, atating that thelUmie was not paid at maturity ; or to — the d r a wer of a d r aft atoting that t he aa m a waa n ot Q m IS fVn Bti v., d s An S» Sti 8k «( Sii s» Bt Si , aooepted upon preaentment, «14 ^ ABBKEVIATIONS AND cnAHACTEUS. r\Vk1tKimn, mtrJDt of lnl«r«*o"« «• ;»"•'»• LI ablp U tabJMtod, upon tho iuppotlUon Jhal ibo may bo tofMUd wilb dtaaMO. RATK, priee } MBOOBt aboTO or bolow par. AtAote, nduoliun fcr prompt payment Stctipt, a written aokDowlodgment of baring reoeWed rV' money or other Talue. 4 SepriJ, the aut of aeiiing ahlpa or property a* Indem- nity for unlawful aeixure or detention. I fyMurou, efleota-property of any kind. I ^ £mm renture to lea. Aiir. to take poeacMlon of by legal prooeaa. ^k^»l. goJJtolbrpped i tbe art of loading areuel tor flJ^'the time of presenting a bill lo the drjwee. Simalun, tbe name of a person written by hlmaelf. SalamL aound i able to pay all liabilities. 2Sv. trylig the de^th of tbe aea. and tbe nature oi the bottom. . . ■ . r Block, capital io trade; the tlUe of the proprietor of a ^^r^tt» In Joint stock oompanie., and negoUable debta of gyernnienU and corporaUous, drawing In- terest j)Mk./aM"*• .t..... .Freight Oct..... 0. 1. B. .October. . Outward Invotee /)-/«.... .Draft. Oal... .Gallon. Book. Do .The same. p....... Pa^t... P. 0. B. Pd..... Hg... Pr.... .Page Do*.... .Doxen. Hhd... ..Hogshead. .Payment Dr 0i .Debtor. • - .Days. .Each. . Errors expep ted. IB... Int.... Imt.... Int.... . .Inroice Book. ..Insurance. ..Instant . .Interest .Petty Cash Book. ..Paid. .Package. K E.. .Pair. E.itO.B. Errors and omis- sions excepted. Mt.. . .Inrentory. pr.per Prtm . .By. ..Premium. Emb'd. ..Embroidered. .Am... , .JsBuaiy. Pi ..Pietes. Eng... Et ..English. ..Example. Ibt.... . .Pounds. V?«'A.. ..Beceived. Eick.. ..Exchange. L.K. ..Ledger Folio. S.B... ..Sales Book. Exp... ..Expeusea. Mar... ..March. Stpt... ..September. Fat... AW..... . .Favor. ..February. UdH. Mo... ..Merchandise. ...Month. ' !— ■ .Sign of subtraction. I X . ■S'lgn of multiplication. 4... Sign of division. — ^ .Sign of equality. 1« . .One and one-fonrth. 1* . .One uud tnii-luiirih*. !• ..Out and three-fuurtha. 215 / TIME TABLE. Bbowimo the time in monflia or da)-a tram anj* day in otie month to the oorreaponding igj in Any other month. 'o». 8 245 Not. 7. 214 Knr. 284 Kur. 5 453 10 808 Dm.' 9 ■9»5! Dm. 1 8. 1 244 ^14; D.O. , ■ i 183' MARCH... Month.. Days... An. 10 30(1 275 Jiuv 8 245 rtb. U 337 iO 300 rrt. 9 270 iUr. 12 305 Mw. U 334 Utt. 10 304 Apr. 1 31 Hv 2 01 Juo* 8 92 Jul/ 4 123 Auf. 5 153 Mpt 184 APRIL..... 5 Mentha. /Daya... Apr. 12 305 Apr. 11 335 1 12 305 2 JJl Jao» 1 3i July 8 91 July % _0l_ July 1 ^0 4 J22 Auc 8 92 Aug. 2 01 B«p» 5 153 8.pt 4 123 ¥ 92 : ( MAY......]Month8. • ( Dftys... JUNE."....: Montha; ' . ■ " Daya... :7- 814 Jp« 9 274 Oct. 10 304 Nor. 11 335 i>M. 12 305 Suppom the time he reqiiirod fra^ July 10 to Siptember 10. Find July in the left-hand eolumn,and follow out the line to the right .until ;ou come to Septeml)er; the numlMsr of \ month, is 2, of daya 62. If the date to w iroh we reclion be either greater or leaa than the one from which we. reckon, the diirurence should be added or subtracted as the cate may be. For example: flow many days from February 1 to August 31? By following out the. February line to the August column, we^ find the time from February 1 to August 1 to be 131 dayji, to which if we add 30, the ditfcrMice between 1 and 31, the time required will be 211 days. If the time be required between Bjebruary 28 and August 1, we find tiic time from February 2S to August 98|ita be 181 daysS^roih which, if we aubtraot 27, the difference .oetwee^ l'and-28, we get fornhe number of day8^154. The Table is one of guite common use, but U uone t^te leaa important. I t may be used ine Xable is one or quite common to great advantage in the processes of f. averaging. 216 S g atet at^^ gj t aa ^ jg aa^ ^^^^»w^^^^^^l^ »- ^ .> * *. . / • " ' * ' . <-' . ^ /. .• > mm ■■ ^ ^^*^^fti a-. I ^- X y J* /f«