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Gav^aci^ 
 
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 *«MMaA«MMMMi***aiiMMiA**4liiMBflM^il*^^hMMhM^M^^^AA«MM^UMhak 
 
 AN 
 
 UNVARNISHED 
 
 TALE 
 
 o:p 
 
 REGINA 
 
 AND ITS 
 
 Agricultural 
 
 And 
 
 Ranching 
 
 In the Great ProDince of Assiniboia, 
 N. W. T.p CANADA. 
 
 PUBUSHED BY THE REGINA BOARD OF TRADE. 
 
 REQIN A: 
 PRINTED BY THE LEADER Co. <Umited.) 
 1 891. 
 
 ««<v«vv«««^M»«««<^v«Ha«N*««««w«w^«www«ww«««ww 
 
The Regina Board of Trade. 
 
 ORIQINATED 1885. 
 
 INOORPORATBD 1888. 
 
 PRESIDENT: 
 
 REMBLER PAUL. 
 
 SECRETARY: 
 
 REGINALD J. STEEL. 
 
 VICE-PRESIDENT: 
 
 HENRY LE JEUNE. 
 
 TREASURER: 
 
 R. B. FERGUSSON. 
 
 eOUNOILi 
 
 D. MOW AT. L. C. ROGERS. 
 
 W. C. FOWLER. J. W. SMITH. 
 ROET. MARTIN. R. J. TINNING. 
 J. T. STEMSHORN. 
 
 JAS. DUNCAN. 
 J. K.McINNES. 
 H. LE JEUNE. 
 
 BOARD OP ARBITRATORS I 
 
 AND. MARTIN. 
 L. C. ROGERS. 
 P. LAMONT. 
 
 J, A. MacCAUL. 
 P. LAMONT. 
 JOS. JACKSON. 
 J. K. McINNES. 
 
 J. J. YOUNG. 
 R. MARTIN. 
 R. PAUL. 
 
 
 BOARD OP ORAIN BXAMINCRSi 
 
 J. D. SIBBALD. J. S. DONAHUE. JOHN MOODY 
 ANDREW BLAIR. H. LE JEUNE. 
 
 BOARD OP RAW HIDBS AND CBATHBR BXAMINBRS : , 
 
 D. MOWAT. JOS. JACKSON. C. J. McCUSKICR. 
 
 J. W. SMITH. J. A. MaoCAUL. 
 
 
i t^ 
 
 
 
 
 '*!-i'''i^>**'^jK 
 
 THE LIEUT.-GOYERNOR'S RESIDENCE, REGINA, N.W.T. 
 
Capita 
 Rest 
 
 
 
 Si^i^j^^ 
 
 A Savin 
 terest allo^ 
 
BANK OF MONTREAL. 
 
 Capital, all paid up, 
 Rest - 
 
 $12,000,000. 
 6,000,000. 
 
 ^^^ml^v^-^-i^-F 
 
 [Reproduced from the Western World. Winnipeg.) 
 
 y- Savino^s Department lias been opened in connection with this Branch 
 terest allowed at current rates. 
 
 J. A. PADDON, Manager Regina Branch. 
 
1 
 
REGINA. 
 
 iEGIN A, tlui Capital of the North-West Torritories, is 
 situat(Ml in Sections II), 24, 2.5 ami :)(), Township 17, 
 Kani^es I!) and 20, west (»!" the 2n(l principal 
 niei'itlian, heiny o')7 iiiilos west of VViTinipcLj, and 4,7r)0 
 'idles fn^ni London, Kn^liind. Rt'nina was named hy the 
 Minvpiis of Lome in honour of Her Majesty (^ueen Vietoiia, 
 and occupies a most important position in the Ten-itorios. 
 It, in the near future being destined to hecome a great 
 railway centie. At th(^ present time the C^anadian Pacific 
 Railway passes through ; and the l^ong Lake and Prince 
 Albert Railway starts fiom it, i-unning north 2r)0 nnles to 
 Prince Albert: the Manitoba and Smith Western Railroad, 
 which will pass through the Souris Valley coal ti<lds, will 
 be completed to Regina shoi'tly : a))d chartta-s have 
 been obtained from tlie Dominion (government for a railroad 
 commencing at Sault St. Marie, passing through A[inn<;s()ta 
 and Dakota to Regina: also for a raih'oad goina; in anoi-th- 
 easterly direction f]'om Regina: the destination of this last 
 one being the Hudsi)n's Bay ; also one running south-west- 
 erly in the direction of Wood Mountain to tlw- Itoundary. 
 
 The prosp*.. itj'^ of the place has been steady, and in a 
 few years it lias secured nearly all the adjuncts of a 
 metropolis. Besides l»eing the seat of Government in the 
 Territories, it is the head quarters of the North- West 
 Mounted Police ; the Barracks being situated about two 
 miles west of the town an<l on the Wascana river; the head 
 (|U.irters of the Indian ])epartment and the Supreme Cotirt 
 of the Territories. Some of the principal Imildings are : — 
 The Ijieutenant Uovei*nor's residence, the offices of the 
 Indian Department and North- West Government, Post 
 office, Bank of Montreal, the Indian Industrial School, the 
 Jail, Lansdowne hotel, the Bonk of Messrs. Le Jeune, 
 
 irccsT 
 
HlXllNA J)1ST1UCT, AsHiNinoiA, N.VV.T. 
 
 binifch & Co., the heautit'ul Smith k Fergusson 
 block. th(? Paul and Martin block, and tlm Court House, all 
 of which are solid brick. The pres.s of Kej^itia stands in the 
 front rank of jouraaliiui, the "Leader" and " Standard " 
 each enjoying a wide circulation. Thert; are four churches, 
 namely, Kpiscop>i,l, PreHl)yterian, Catholic and Methodist, 
 each of the bniltlii)(>;s being large and cctiiiinodious. 
 
 The Public Schools are a ovdit to tin town, the build- 
 ing being of solid bricU, costing !# 1 2,000, three stories high, 
 with a good basement, and a very etficient staff of six 
 fceacliers, the regular attendance of pupils being 300 ; the 
 corporate body is composed of a Mayor and six Councillors ; 
 there is also a Boaid of Trade. 
 
 Regina is situated in the centre of a great fertile belt, 
 which is (histined to become at a very early date the greatest 
 wheat growing country in the world, o.nd the fact that the 
 land is being so lapidly taken up and cultivated is a proof 
 of ilie future greatness of this western town. The Board of 
 Trade has bt^en the means of getting lands opened up for 
 setilement, which had been heTd by speculators. To give 
 ►some idea of the extent of the Regina district and the 
 strength of the soil it has been computed that if the even 
 numbered sections alone were cultivated with wheat and 
 fche yield was 20 bush(5ls to the acre (which is only a 
 medium crop) the C.P.R. would not be able to carry away 
 the entire crop in one year. 
 
 The fact of Regina occupying such a central position i" 
 this immense country assures its becoming the distributing 
 point for all kinds of farm and garden product as well as 
 live stock. Since the immense innnigration to British 
 Columbia, that Province has been wholly unable to supply 
 the demand, and many car loads of stock raised in tnis 
 CQimtiy are being sent there annually. Another notable 
 feature with regard to the stock and grain growing in this 
 district is the fact that they always obtain the highest 
 price in the markets of Eastern Canada. 
 
 In addition to the foregoing remarks showing the general 
 advancement of this western town the following facts arf' 
 worthy of mention as proving that the citizens are fully 
 idive to the benefi^is to be derived from having all the latest 
 ■nprovettients : The streets and stores are lighted with 
 tile^ieity seme 900 lights being in constant ,use ; the Bell 
 
 large 
 distric 
 
Re(iina Distkkt, Assinihoia, N.W.T. 
 
 »us9on 
 ,se, all 
 I in the 
 ulard " 
 urches, 
 ,hodi8t, 
 
 buiM- 
 s high, 
 
 of six 
 0; the 
 icillors ; 
 
 lie belt, 
 [greatest 
 hat the 
 a proof 
 Board of 
 
 up for 
 To give 
 and the 
 he even 
 leat and 
 
 only a 
 •y away 
 
 dtion ^11 
 ibnting 
 well a^ 
 Britisli 
 supply 
 in this 
 notable 
 in this 
 highest 
 
 e general 
 :aeis ar^ 
 are fully 
 the latest 
 ted with 
 the Bell 
 
 Telephone Company is well represcnited, no less than 60 
 phones being distributed hot ween the stores and offices ; the 
 Town Council havt? liberally supplied the town with side- 
 walks of about 20 miles, thus enabling citizens an<l visitors 
 to get to any part of the town, evcni in the worst of weather, 
 in comparative comfort ; a main sewer is now under con- 
 struction, for the proper drainage of the town ; and it is 
 fully expected that a system of waterworks for domestic 
 and fire purposes will be i ndertaken next season. ':-%^- , j 
 
 The population of Regina is about 2,500, and 'there are 
 about 300 Mounted police at the head quarters. The North- 
 West Land Co. and the Dominion Land office claim to be 
 doing a good business, and the managersof both are sanguine 
 as to the future greatness of the town. 
 
 Nearly eveiy branch of business is represented as will 
 be seen by the following list : I elevator, 1 planing mill, 
 4 churches, 2 carriage manufacturers, 6 good hotels, 2 book 
 and stationary stores, 3 drug stores, 2 wholesale grocery 
 establishments, 3 lumber yards, 8 boot and shoe stores, 1 
 commission merchant, 3 flour and feed stores, 2 furniture 
 stores, 2 harness shops, 3 merchant tailors, 3 gent's furnish- 
 ing stores, 8 dry goods stores, 1 wholesale hardware store, 
 4 retail hardware stores, 3 millinery and dressmaking stores, 
 3 barber shops, 2 cigar stores, 3 butcher shops, 7 grocery 
 stores, and 5 general stores. There are also a lai'ge number 
 of handsome and costly private residences in Regina. 
 
 Reginald J. Steel. 
 Secretarjr 
 
 INDUSTRIES. 
 
 Regina offers great inducements for the investment of 
 capital in larger or smaller amounts. As in most new 
 towns, the lack of capital has prevented the industries from 
 developing in proportion to the population and the demand. 
 For instance only a j'^ear since an excellent Roller Mill of 
 large capacity was destroyed by fire, and although the 
 district is in great need of such, it has not yet been 
 replaced. Even greater is the need for elevators, as the 
 demand has for some time been far in excess of the accom- 
 modation, and will this year be much greater than ever in 
 the past. In the area of country for which Regina furnishes 
 
H 
 
 8 
 
 Reoina District, Assiniboia, N.W.T. 
 
 a market. There are several thousand aci'es more under 
 ciop this year tluin during the season of 1890 ; and every 
 thousand acres of this will yield hetween J50,000 and 40,000 
 bushels of wheat. 
 
 A Woollen Factory is much needed. Already the 
 attention of the farmers has lieen drawn to the wonderful 
 facilities offered for sheep raisin*,^ in this district, and within 
 a year a niujiher of capitalists will have thousands of sheep 
 gra/inijf on the green rolling' prairies of Western Assiniboia. 
 Under present circumstances the wool has to be shipped to 
 the east, and brought l)ack in tlie form of manufaetured 
 goods, the entire expense of ship})ing and importing amount- 
 ing t(; a very respectable proiit for a manufacturer. 
 
 Another industrv for whicli there is a great and steadilv 
 inci'easing demand is the growtli and manufacture of Hax, 
 especially for binding twine. That a tV'rtile district such 
 as that surrounding the town of Tlegina should long remain 
 witliout siich a factory would indexed be strange. The soil 
 is particularly well adojited for f.ax growing, and thei'e is, 
 and will be, an almost unlimited demand for binding twine 
 and manufactured Hax in other fojins. 
 
 Other industries foi- which riegina ofh rs an excellent 
 opening are : A Boot and Shoe Factor}^ and Tannery 
 combined, a Furniture Factory, a Foundry for stoves and 
 gmall castings, and a CJheese Factory and Creamery. The 
 advantages of hjcal (\stablishments in these lines are too 
 evident to require to be p(jinted out. The expense of 
 exporting hides, of importing leather, boots and shoes, 
 furniture, stoves, kit., is so great, that the local manufacturer 
 L-< i, as it were, a protection against pll outside competitors. 
 
 I'here is, we assert, a present <lemand for all the above 
 mdu.stries, and a deinand which is rapidly increasing, and 
 v.'!li continue to increase according as the agricultiuvil and 
 otluir resoiu'ces of the district are developed, and new areas 
 are opened up by the railways wliich are being pushed 
 forward in various directions. The inducements might be 
 made tt) appear uuich greater by going into particulars, but 
 we have chosen to give only general facts, and those who 
 are interested can draw conclusions for themselves. 
 
 L. C. Rogers 
 
 ing 
 
 gc 
 
 --IS 
 
 and 
 Regil 
 
 largtj 
 
 the 
 
 terrij 
 
 gra;4 
 
 the 
 
 ravii 
 
 forml 
 
Regina DisruirT. Assixir.oiA, N.W.T. 
 
 9 
 
 re under 
 1(1 every 
 ul 40,000 
 
 eady the 
 vonderi'ul 
 lid within 
 I of sheep 
 issiniboia. 
 lipped to 
 ut'actured 
 >• ainount- 
 r. 
 
 I steadily 
 •e of Hax, 
 trict such 
 iicr remain 
 The soil 
 there is, 
 ling twine 
 
 excellent 
 I Tannery 
 itoves and 
 lery. The 
 g,s are too 
 ■xpense of 
 lid shoes, 
 nufacturer 
 jinpetitors. 
 
 the above 
 asino', and 
 iltiiral and 
 
 new areas 
 ng pushed 
 ■; might he 
 iculars, but 
 
 t]iose who 
 es. 
 
 Rogers 
 
 I 
 
 REGINA DISTRICT AS A FIELD FOR RANCHING 
 
 ENTERPRISE. 
 
 This vast North- West of Canada was but little known 
 ten years ago, and it is within that period tha it has been 
 demonstrated that Alberta was one of the besi ranching 
 districts in the world, and until recently it was -supposed 
 that the foothills of the Rockies comprised the only 
 ranching territory in the Canadian North- West. Through 
 the advent of the Canadian Pacific Railway some eight 
 years ago, and the following of settlers into Assiniboia, it is. 
 
 now demonstrated and fully conceded that Assiniboia is 
 quite equal to Alberta an<l in some respects its superior us a 
 field for the rancher of small means, and without doubt is a 
 better territory for the individual who is desirous (.)f cari-y- 
 ing on a system of mixed farming. 
 
 When we mention the rancher of small means, and the 
 mixed farmer, we do not acknowledge that Assiniboia is not 
 suitable for the man or company wishing to carry on ranch- 
 ing on a large scale. On the contrary, we hold that 
 Assiniboia is as good or better than Alberta, or any territory 
 to the south of us. We have no greater fall of snow, the 
 grasses are better, we have as much moisture, more wooded 
 country, as well watered, and as much rough and robing 
 territory to artbrd shelter as required. The Chinook winds, 
 it is true, have not the same effect, having cooled off, but in 
 that there is a good, as it does not melt the snow and make 
 a hard crust rendering it difficult for the horses and cattle 
 to get at the grass in the winter season, besides Assiniboia is 
 or three hundred miles nearer the Eastern market. 
 
 Assiniboia — between the C.P.R. line and the boundary 
 — -is peculiarly well adapted for the raising of cattle, horses, 
 and sheep from the rolling nature; of its surface. South of 
 Regina for 25 miles, we have one of the best districts for 
 large farming that there is in the Territories ; then across 
 the Moose Jaw, from that to the boundary is a vast 
 territory where already are large bands of horses and cattle 
 grazing. This is a large district which from the nature of 
 the soil and its uneven surface, interspersed with creeks and 
 ravines, in some places heavily wooded, and altogether 
 form a large and very desirable tract of country on which 
 
*M 
 
 10 
 
 Reoina District, Assiniboia, N.W.T. 
 
 t ' 
 
 IH 
 
 we have no fear to predict there will in the near future be 
 seen thousands of cattle and horses pasturing 
 
 This iield has b«.en thoroughly tested and proven to be a 
 capital district for the grazing of cattle and horses, the snow 
 fall is always light and it disappears three or four 
 weeks earlier than it does north of the C.P.R. track, in this 
 territory we clam that some winters cattle can runout the 
 whole winter and come out in the spring fit for beef, while 
 occasionally there is a winter that a per centage of cattle 
 wouM perish for want of feed or shelter. Our ranchers in 
 this <listrict always put up hay so as to be ready for 
 emergencies, while on the other hand our horse ranchers 
 make no provision whatever for feeding their horses, we can 
 here refer to Messrs. Mowat Brothers and others who have 
 been ranching in this district for the last four years and 
 they never make any provision for feeding their horses, old 
 or young, whatever. Their stock frequently looks better in 
 the spring than they did the fall previous. 
 
 While v»'e pointed out Southern Assiniboia as a fine ranch- 
 ing district, we have no desire to slight the advantages of 
 other parts, or say that the balance is not suitable, for in 
 the valleys of the Qu'Appelle we have many practical men 
 raising large herds of cattle and horses ; but in the near 
 future as their herds increase they will l)e crowded out by 
 the farmer. Indeed this is already taking place, and 
 ranchers will have either to go farther north, or south into 
 the territory we have been describing. 
 
 Regina district north of the C.P.R. track and for 20 miles 
 south is the field foi" the grain grower and mixed farmer. 
 The soil is I'ich, the surface is gently rolling and is not so 
 broken. Watei' is easily obtainable and some districts are 
 well timbered. In this article we have endeavored to point 
 out to the intending settler, let him be a farmer or rancher, 
 in a broad sense the portion of Assiniboia where he can 
 direct his footsteps in search of tlie El Doi'ado all immi- 
 grants have in their mind's eye. 
 
 Daniel Mowat. 
 
Regina District, Assiniboia, N.W,T. 
 
 11 
 
 iture Ije 
 
 to be a 
 the snow 
 
 or four 
 :, in this 
 1 out the 
 if. while 
 [)f cattle 
 ichers in 
 jady for 
 ranchers 
 s, we can 
 ho have 
 aars and 
 >rses, old 
 better in 
 
 ae ranch- 
 jtages of 
 e, for in 
 ical men 
 the near 
 out by 
 ice, and 
 uth into 
 
 20 miles 
 i farmer. 
 H not so 
 ricts are 
 to point 
 rancher, 
 3 he can 
 ill immi- 
 
 lOWAT. 
 
 MINERAL STATISTICS. 
 
 An Essay read before the Regina Board of Trade by tJm 
 President, Rendder Paid, July 9th, 1891. 
 
 The district of E-egina is as y&i only known as a fanning 
 and stock raising district. It has been proved to Ix; a tract 
 of excellent agiicultural country, and success in stock rais- 
 ing has placed beyond doubt the fact that that branch of 
 the fanning industry can be made of great pioiit in this 
 large district. 
 
 But the product of the soil and stock raising are by no 
 means the only resources upon which this district can 
 depend. There is within reach of Regina a mineral wealth 
 which when once opened up will prove of immense value, 
 will furnish material to warrant the erection of large manu- 
 factures and for the successful development of the mineral 
 resources will create a large demand for labor. 
 
 About thirty miles south of Regina there is a range of 
 hills known as " The Dii-t Hills." These hills extend from 
 east to west for about fifty miles, The surface 
 consists of sand, gravel and stones to a depth of from two to 
 four feet. Underlying this surface there are large leposits 
 of bituminous coal. This coal is of a light nature and would 
 slacken if exposed. It is, however, a good fuel for home 
 consumption and can be verv easily mined. Farmers in the 
 vicinit}^ of the hills use this coal altogether as fuel, pre- 
 fei-ring it to wood of which there is an abundance in that 
 region. They find it pays them to travel a considerable 
 distance for coal although wood is nearer at liand. 0£ 
 course this is only the coal which is found near the surface 
 No doubt were a shaft sunk the coal would be found more* 
 substantial and of a more marketable quality. Fartlier to 
 the south of the Dirt Hills, about forty miles, runs another 
 range known as the " Wood Mountain " range. This ran^ 
 runs from east to west and is about twelve miles in width. 
 Tbo top soil of this secti<in of country is of a light, black, 
 sandy loan) with strong indications of placer gold. Here 
 are also large pocketn of Hematite ii'on ore lying in the 
 eastern parts of the hills. The ore is of easy access and 
 from its api)earance it would well repay a test Gypsum 
 appears in large quantities in the Wood Mountain district. 
 
]2 RlGINA DiSTlUCT, ASSLNTISOIA, N.W.T. 
 
 It is evident that tliei'i' are (l(^posits of Gypsutii sufficient to 
 supply a lar^e mill and on occasions when tlie surface has 
 been peneti'ated to any extent tlie searcli lias shown that it 
 is not merely a surface deposit. The Wood Mountain Hills 
 are richer in coal than the Dirt Hills. From one end of the 
 i'aiiL;e to the other coal is to 1)e seen juttino- out in large 
 bodies and in the coulees and even on the open prairie .some 
 distniK-e from the Hills the traces of an extensive coal 
 deposit nvr very plain. This neio-hborhood is at present 
 occupied by ranchers who liiid .stock raisinijf in this locality 
 ft paying occupation. Tlu^re is (excellent provision for all 
 kinds of stock and abundant shelter. 
 
 Clays suitable foi- the manufactni'i- of all kinds of delf 
 ware abound in tlie Dii-t Hills region. In these hills there 
 is an iunnense ((U;iutity of da}', chiefly white in color, though 
 it is found in dilierent shades. It is interuiixed with white 
 sand. This clay would prove an excellent material for the 
 irianid'aeture of chinaware and would Ik; profitalile in the 
 niaimfacture of tin' brick, tiles for rough floors, .sidewalks, 
 etc. These could b(> maiud'acttii'ed on the .spot. A plentiful 
 sui)ply of coal and watei* is convenient. All that is wanted 
 is the machinei'y and for a man with the means and a 
 kno\\l;M!Mc of bis business there would be a fortu.ne in it. 
 With such an inexhaustible supply of niaterial a properly 
 e(|ui])ped factory coidd turn out a supply of delf and other 
 pottery \vares which would fill the re(]uirenuaits of the 
 Dominion. 
 
 Along the banks of Long Creek some thirty-five miles 
 south of Regina grey sandstom^ of a good cjuality is abund- 
 ant. F]"om tht! indications of the surface it would seem 
 that thei'e are large ([uantities of stone which will become 
 valuable for laiilding ])urposes and it is not improbable but 
 that such ([uantities will be discovered as will bring it into 
 extensive u.se in the building operations of Regina. 
 
 There are other signs of mint-ral wealth in this district 
 and it will not be surprising if some most valuable finds are 
 made on these prairies. There have Iteen found specimens 
 of luitive silver, white mai-ble and amathyst being found is 
 looked upon as an in<lication of the presence of precious 
 metals. Traces of iron ore are found in the Re'dna <listrict 
 to an extent which proves the existence of large deposits of 
 ore winch have yet to be located. 
 
 A short time will probably reveal the mineral wealth of 
 
 f TCfiAl \vo^i tf-~*« 
 
 V 
 
ficionfc to 
 iaco has 
 \ that it 
 lin Hills 
 ul of the 
 in large 
 irie some 
 iive coal 
 present 
 locality 
 1 for all 
 
 of delf 
 lis there 
 r, tliough 
 th white 
 for the 
 G in the 
 (lewalks, 
 plentiful 
 5 wanted 
 IS and a 
 10 in it, 
 properly 
 nd other 
 
 of the 
 
 ve miles 
 3 abund- 
 Id seem 
 become 
 able but 
 ;■ it into 
 
 district 
 inds are 
 )ecin)en3 
 t'ound is 
 precious 
 
 <listrict 
 josits of 
 
 aalth of 
 
 ; .1 y^''^~-'"^'i 
 
 W^:''^^^di^'^i^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 i>^^^/r,^;->- 
 
 THE INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL, FlECilNA, N.VV.T. 
 
 
 m 
 
 
 iiH|iSill.HliilM 
 
 % 
 
 
 J. W. SMITH'S RESIDENCE, REGINA, N.W.T. 
 
II'! 
 
 fiii 
 
 II 
 
ReGINA DiSTRKT, ASSTNIBOIA, N.W.T. 
 
 la 
 
 wliicli we hav(! now sure indications and among- so many 
 appearances of wealth there will no doubt be several which 
 upon our facilities Vjeing increaseil will prove tliat Regina 
 will yet he a niining and manufacturing district in addition 
 to an agricultural one. When the branch railways which 
 are now being promoted are opened up and means o trans- 
 portation become simpler, the only difficulty in the way of 
 developing the material which exists to the south of us will 
 have been removed and doubtless such a promising country 
 will not long conceal its wealth from the enterprise of our 
 people. 
 
 Our expansive prairies can alibrd homes for thousands 
 and they promise more than a home for the farmer alone. 
 Excellent they are for him, plenty of scope for his labors, 
 abundance of food for his herds and a soil which plentifully 
 rewards good cultivation, but these unmistakeable signs of 
 precious metals in the country give us further confidence in 
 publishing the advantages of the Regina district which 
 besides being a farmer's home will yet support men of all 
 trades and will enable them to earn a con:>fortable liveli- 
 hood, to enjoy the freedom which this country alone 
 possesses and to help in raising this portion of the Dominion 
 so that we may do our share in raising our Canada to a 
 prominence among the nations of the earth as a land of 
 happy, prosperous and contented people. 
 
A Few^ Papticulars. 
 
 -o- 
 
 Useful Information or Intending Settlers. 
 
 Market Prices.~Facts Respecting the 
 
 Soil the Regina District. 
 
 THE TIME TO COME. 
 
 The best time to come to the North-West is about the 
 tenth of April. A small patch of land can lie broken for 
 potatoes and vegetables and probably grain. Arriving in 
 April, settlers will have the whole summei- before them to 
 prepare for a large crop the following year ; at least forty 
 acres can be made ready with one yoke of oxen and a single 
 plow. "What is left of May and all June can be devoted to 
 breaking, and backsetting can be commenced as soon as the 
 sod is sufficiently rotted. Plowing can be continued until 
 about the 10th of November, sometimes later, sometimes 
 earlier. 
 
 WHAT TO BRING. 
 
 If you are a married man, bring your family, bedding 
 and cash enough to buy on arrival the necessary articles to 
 commence operations. It will not pay to liring dry goods, 
 clothing, boots and shoes, fanning implements, furniture, 
 etc., as they can be bought as cheap in Regina as you can 
 purchase in the east, when freight is c{jnsidered. As to 
 what is necessary (addressing ourselves to those of small 
 means) the following are indi.spensible to a beginner : one 
 yoke of oxen, one plow, one set harrows, lumber and other 
 material for house (size according to means) necessary 
 furniture (according to means) such as .stove, chairs, etc., 
 etc. Flour, bacon and groceries sufficient for one year, or 
 until your fann commences to produce. If you are able to 
 
 14 
 
Reotna District, Assiniboia, N.W.T. 
 
 16 
 
 5. 
 
 )ttlers. 
 ^the 
 
 bout the 
 ok en for 
 riving in 
 them to 
 ist forty 
 1 a single 
 jvoted to 
 n as the 
 ed until 
 >metimes 
 
 bedding 
 tides to 
 V goods, 
 irniture, 
 you can 
 As to 
 of small 
 ler: one 
 id other 
 ecessary 
 lirs, etc., 
 year, or 
 i able to 
 
 start with two or thioe cows, so much the better, as butter 
 brings a good price in Regina, and you will have a revenue 
 from the iirst week of your settlement. A few chickens 
 and hogs would also atld to the income. We deem it useless 
 to go into <letails of this kind, as these things are all patent 
 to practical people. 
 
 Some of our most successful farmers came to Regina 
 with no means, as the readier will learn by referring to their 
 letters and interviews in this pamphlet. They lived by 
 drawing wood and native hay to market or ])y w^orking odd 
 times in tt)wn. While it is gratifying to notice the success 
 of these pioneers, it would be folly to argue that no capital 
 is necessary. With a little capital, the time spent in mak- 
 ing a living oft" the fann coidd be most profitably used on 
 the farm. If the farmer has tune during the winter 
 months to draw hay or wood to market, all well and good, 
 but we do not wish to be understood advising people to 
 come to this country to farm without at least enough ready 
 cash to buy the articles necessary for immediate opera- 
 tions. But capital is not the only thing necessary. Good 
 common sense, energy, determination to succeed and a fair 
 knowledge of farming are all necessary. In this country, 
 like every other country, capital will not increase unlessthe 
 operator has some knowledge of what he is doing. The 
 man with no capital but possessing common sense will pass 
 him every time. 
 
 WHERE. TO BUY. 
 
 The articles mentioned in the foregoing pages, necessary 
 for farming operations can all be purchased at Regina at 
 reasonalle pnces. If the leader will consult the price list 
 on another page in this book he will find it to his advantage 
 to wait until lie reaches Regina, as freight rates fin small 
 lots added to eastern prices will bring prices up to,' if not 
 beyond, Regina figures. Farmers in the eastern provinces 
 who are already in possession of good stock should bring 
 them along, as breeding good horses and cattle in this 
 country has been and always will continue to be a most 
 profitable branch of farming. This country is by nature a 
 vast pasture field, sustaining in the past millions of buffalo. 
 They have gone, not because the pasture failed, but in the 
 
c 
 
 k; 
 
 Regina Distuict, AssiNinoiA, N.W.T. 
 
 wisdom of Piovidonco to make J'ooiii for luu'fis at tlic coiii- 
 
 lUillnl of IIIilM. 
 
 Any fanner with lialf a srction of land (.S2() jicrcs) can 
 easily liaiullr a do/tni liorscs and lifty or a lumdri'd cattle, 
 and crop 150 acres in addition, as at present advaiitii<^<^ can 
 be tnl«ui o Mie odd section which as a ruK^ are still unoccu- 
 pied for pastura^^'e. Men with lai'^cr id(wis and the necessary 
 cai)ital can of coursi,' enhu'i^e on this a<l libihuii. Land is 
 cheap, hay plentiful and always a good market for a good 
 li()rs(> nv a fat steer. 
 
 1 
 I 
 
 f 
 
 SOIL OF THE REGINA DISTRICT. 
 
 The soi in this district' is mostly a heavy clay loam, 
 varying in depth from (aie to four feet" We make (piota- 
 tions from olHcial reports of land lixperts, wliich shows more 
 clearly than we can state the nature of our soil. It is 
 impossihle to give rep«n-ts on every section in this district, 
 but the following taken from all points of the compass is 
 the same in the main as the district generally. Plea.se 
 observe the depth of the soil and tin; large area of ai'able 
 land on each section. Tlie official reports are taken from 
 experl s notes to {!?.P.Ji. Co. as follows • 
 
 Sec. 5. Tp. 20. Range 20. W. 2ni). Mer. 
 Surface — ^ Varying from level to broken, the btinks of the 
 
 creek and drain are from. 10 to 75 f ' et high, general 
 
 slope south-west. ' 
 
 Soil — Clay loam from 1 to 2 feet deep, sub.soil clay. 
 
 Rates 1. 
 Timber — There is a quantity oi aspen an<l willow brush 
 
 growing on the banks of the Creek, .some of which can 
 
 be used for fencing and fuel. 
 Water — In the Creek is from fJ inches to 4 feet deep, and 
 
 from 2 to 50 feet wide, of an excellent (piality, ffowiug 
 
 south-west. 
 Grass — There is an ordinary growth of common prairie 
 
 grass on the section. 
 Arable land — There are 505 acres of arable land on this 
 
 section as follows: N.W. I 155 acres, N.K. \ 140, S.E. 
 
 i 120, S.W. i 90- 505 acres. 
 Capabilities — This section is best adapted for farming 
 
 purposes. 
 
KkcJINA DlSTHlCT, ASSINIUOIA, N.W.T. 
 
 17 
 
 Si:c !), Tr. 20 Kan<je 20. W. 2ni). Mer. 
 
 Surfncc — V^vryin<r from luiflnlntinj^f to Urokcn, tlu; Iwinks of 
 
 till' «lniiti are from 10 to 40 feet liiyh, t^enoral slope 
 
 south-east. 
 Soil— (^hiy lojiiii fi'om 1 t(t 2 feet <leep, subsoil day. Rates 1. 
 Water — In drain is in ponds from (> to 12 inches deep of a 
 
 fair (|uality. 
 (j)!ra.ss — There is an ordinary tjrowth of prairie grass on thf 
 
 section. 
 Stone — There are a few ij^ranite and limestone on the East ^ 
 
 of the North Ea.st ] of this section. 
 Arable Land — There are 51)5 acres of arable land on this 
 
 .section as follows: N.W. ] 1(50 acres, N.E. | lUO, S.E. 
 
 I 14.'), S.W. \ KiO— ',!)-) acres. 
 Capabilities- — This section is best adapted for farming 
 
 piu'poses. 
 
 Sec. T). Tp. 10. RAN(iE V). W. 2ni). Meu. 
 
 Surface — TTndnlating, slopes south-west. 
 
 Soil- -Clay loam fiom 2 to .S feet dettp, subsoil clay, with a 
 
 siii.MJl ([uajitity of jn'i-avel intermixed. Rates 1. 
 Grass — There is an ordinary <jfrowth of praii'ie grass on this 
 
 section. 
 Arable Land — There are 640 acres of ara le land on this 
 
 section. 
 (,'a[)abilities — This .section is best adapted for farming 
 
 purposes. 
 
 Sec. :n. Ti'. IG. Range IS. W. 2nd. Mer. 
 
 Surface — Smooth undulating prairie. Average height 
 
 above Creek l')feet. General slope west. 
 St)il — Clay loam from 2 to 8 feet deep, with clay subsoil. 
 
 Rates I. 
 Water — Pile of Bones Creek flowing through this section ivS 
 
 from 10 to 80 feet wide, and 10 inches to 2 feet deep. 
 
 Water good 
 Gras.s — Good growth of prairie grass on all parts of this 
 
 section. 
 C/apabilities — Section is all arable land, and well adapted 
 
 for general farmingpurposes. 
 Sec. o. Tp. 18. Range 20. W. 2nd. Mer. 
 
 Surfac(^ — Almost level, with gradual slope west. 
 
la 
 
 BfttiiM4 District, Assiniuofa, N.W.T. 
 
 I 
 
 Will 
 
 Hoil — Clay loam l^ to '4 tVet deep, with clay suh8oil. 
 
 Kates I. 
 W«Aer— None on section. 
 Grass — Tlie upland has an ordinaiy growth of coinuion 
 
 prairie grass. 
 Stones — There aio a Vtuy few small surface stones on We.st 
 
 i of South- West ]. 
 G^'ueral Note.s — This section is well adapted for farming, it 
 
 having 640 acres of good arable land. 
 
 Sec. 33. Tp. 17. Range 19. W. 2ni). Mer. 
 
 Surface — Gently rolling prairie. (Jeneral .slope S. Average 
 
 height above drain 5 feet. 
 Soil — Heavy clay soil 10 to 24 inches deep, .su])soil clay. 
 
 Rates I. 
 Graas — A good growth ; a small quantity of hay could be 
 
 cut. 
 Arable Land— N.E; ] 155 jueros, N.W. ] 135, S.E. | 150. 
 
 S.W. 1 160. 
 Capabilities — A splendid section for farming purposes. 
 
 Sec. 21. Ti>. 17. Range 20. W. 2nd Mer. 
 
 Surface — Gently rolling prairie. General slope north. 
 
 Height above drain 4 feet. 
 Soil — A stiff clay .soil 8 to 24 inches deep, subsoil clay. 
 
 Rates 1. 
 Grass — A fair growth. 
 
 Capabilities — A splendid section for farming purposes. 
 Arable land on section 6'40 acres. 
 
 Please observe all the Regina land rates No. 1. 
 
 RECINA— RETROSPECTIVE AND PROSPECTIVE. 
 
 (Prom The Leader.) 
 
 If rapid early growth censures future greatness then 
 Regina is bound to rank among the great cities of the 
 world, for it has made more progress than infant Rome or 
 infant London in their early days. A few years ago the 
 visitor to the spot wh(;re we now write could see nothing 
 but prairie grass ; now on the eighth anniversary of Regina's 
 christening we can look out and see a city. Looking back 
 
 -* ^-,, 
 
RkGINA DlSTUUT, ASSINIBOIA, N.W.T. 
 
 19 
 
 eight yours ago what was Regina ? Only a few tents and 
 half finishtMl wooden buildings. Many of those who read 
 these lines can remeniber wlien the old Methodist church 
 was the only building in town and when it was made to 
 serve the purposes of court house, schoo town hall and 
 g»;neral nuHiting plucf. 
 
 But what a change ! The old church long ago discarded 
 for a large new brick edifice; the Presbyterian congrega- 
 tion with a fine artistically designt;d house of worship ; the 
 Anglicans just about to embark on an entei-prize which will 
 give them a metropolitan church before nine months are 
 gone ; and the Roman Cath(dics worshipping in a snug little 
 church which had recently to l)e enlarged. And then what 
 town of our size supports so many excellent hotels. The 
 Bank of Montreal building just nearing completion is a 
 financial palace as can be seen from the illustration on our 
 first page ; Le Jeune, Smith & Go's, bank, also lately finish- 
 ed is also a splendid building. Several other brick blocks 
 and dozens of fine residences have gone up Jind we have 
 streets ' of fine stores in which every line of business is 
 represented, all showing that the citizens of Regina have 
 abundant faith in her future. And where you see this faith 
 so substantially mauifesttid as it is by what we can see on 
 every hand, you may be sure this town is all right. 
 
 We believe we can safely say that this 24th of August is 
 one of the l)vightest — perhaps the brightest day in her 
 history, for never befor(^ has there been such a brilliant 
 prospect of a magnificent harvest. It is now more than a 
 prospect — it is practically an assured fact. The season has 
 been all that the variest giumbler could desire— abundant 
 rain and sunshine, and no severe wind storms. The crops 
 have advanced towards maturity in a manner that has 
 brought joy to thousands of people, and now, as we are 
 conuueiicing to put the sickle to the tottering grain, hea.vy 
 ahuost to falling with its store of wealth, there is notacloud 
 to mar the delightful prospect. The frost — which some 
 feared — ^has not touched us, and (wen the tender cucumber 
 vines are still yielding prolifically and will continue to do 
 so, according to present appearances, for another three 
 Weeks. So that our tremendous harvest will be gathered in 
 safety, and Regina and the whole North- West will take 
 anothiBr Ifeap fbrward tOWfird their assured prosperity. 
 
20 
 
 ReCUNA DlSTlUCV, ASSINFHOIA, N.W.T. 
 
 U' 
 
 REGINA AS A MARKET. 
 
 The position of Kegina is one winch makes it naturally 
 an excellent niai'kct, heinj;', as it is the centn; of a niagniti- 
 ceut aiiriculturai district, every acre within the I'adins of 
 many miles lieing of the finest ai'able land. The line of 
 lajiway aln-ad}' constructed northwards from the town 
 rendering an su'ditional section of the country tril)utaiy . to 
 it for su|)j»lies v.hile Use early extension of the railway from 
 the Souris coal fields tt) the south-east will still fui'ther 
 extend the district dependent upon tliis place. Grain 
 l»uyers make it tlicir hea<l-(iuartei's and farmers hav(! never 
 had any ditiicuity in disposing of their cr()[)s at good prices 
 and for cash. 
 
 Tiiere is jdready an elevator of a ca]iacity of 2'),0()0 
 hushels while sfe])s are heing taken for the innuediate 
 erection of a fl<au' n)ill ca])able of throwing out 100 bhls. 
 per day, a fact which will have a tendency to I'till further 
 enhance the j)riee of wheat. 
 
 Noi" need the farmer I'ely sold}' upon his gi'ain nor live 
 stock Avhich als(» connnands ready sale and at good prices. 
 it is well known to all who have ever had any experience 
 at ffU'uiing that a large perc("ii!;age of the cost of maintc^n- 
 ance and living is easily realized fiom that i)ortion of the 
 woi'k which more ])roperly fa.lls under the su[)ervision of 
 t!ie thrifty housewife. Butter, e,L;gs and fowl command 
 ready sale a,iid at good prices. noh\ithstanding which the 
 su])ply has fn^(|ueutly fallen short of the (lemand, and other 
 settlements had fi'Diii time to time to be Imied or to meet 
 the growing veciuiivnients of the capital of the North- West. 
 The presence of a lai'ge number of ])olice at headtjuarters 
 creates a market for these \(M'_\' artieles of no mean dimen- 
 sions, while the demamls of ihe more ])urely local ti'ade 
 have ever increas(Ml more ra])idly tlian have the means of 
 supply. The i-ailway and mining towus west to and 
 through the Ivocky Monutains must also be supplied with 
 food and where nunc natural to look than to the nearest 
 baseof sui)[)lit's. .\s we have already said the supply luus 
 never yet e(|ualled the call for these articles, and t>ven should 
 no outside market lie so easily availabh* it would be many 
 yeai's before there coidd beany o\-er-pi-oduction. Still with 
 the markt't Just spoken of as well as that of British 
 Colundiia which only developiiig, excessive production need 
 have no fears for even the least sanguine. — Robert Martiw. 
 
 ■y: 
 
t naturally 
 a niagniti- 
 
 radius of 
 'he line of 
 
 the town 
 ibutaiy . to 
 ihvay fi'oiii 
 ill fui'thor 
 e. Grain 
 lave ni'\'t'r 
 fooil prices 
 
 of 2n,000 
 immediate 
 
 100 bl)ls. 
 ill further 
 
 11 nor live 
 f)od prices. 
 exp»jrience 
 ' mainten- 
 on of the 
 ■r vision of 
 
 coiiniiand 
 which the 
 
 and other 
 r to meet 
 jrth-West. 
 idcjuarters 
 in di men- 
 oca 1 tiade 
 
 means of 
 t to and 
 )lied with 
 he nearest 
 apply luus 
 en should 
 
 he many 
 Still with 
 ;>f British 
 ction need 
 T Maetiw. 
 
 JUDGE RICHARDSON'S RESIDENCE, REGINA, N.W.T. 
 
 (i. T. MAIISH'S RESIDENCE. REOINA. N.W.T. 
 
( 
 
 J 
 
 Pri 
 
 settle 
 ( 
 
 ^ 
 1 
 I 
 
 ( 
 
 L 
 
 > 
 F 
 U 
 
 .S 
 T 
 
 Pv 
 
 E 
 
Re(;i\a DisTRfcT, AssiMBOiA, N.W.T. 
 
 21 
 
 REGINA MARKETS. 
 
 August 2()tli, 1891. 
 
 Beef, (dressed) . . .5 to G cts. per !b. 
 
 Pork, (carcase) 5 to 7 cts. per lb. 
 
 Butter, 15 to 20 cts. per lb. 
 
 Kggs 1 5 to 20 cts. per <lozen. 
 
 Chickens, dressed I2h cts. per lb. 
 
 Turkeys LS' cts. " " 
 
 Gee.se,"' lo cts. " " 
 
 Ducks 15 cts. " " 
 
 Potatoes, " 80 cts. per bushel. 
 
 Turnips, 25 cts. per bu.shcl. 
 
 ('arrets ... 50 cts. per Inishel. 
 
 Parsnips 50 cts. per busliel. 
 
 Cabl)age, 4 to 5 cts. each. 
 
 Onions, 3 cts. per lb. 
 
 Wheat, fluctuating, from HO cts. to *1.05 during 
 past month, 
 
 Oats, .30 cts. per buslu'l. 
 
 Barley 45 cts. per bushel. 
 
 Prices of articles at Regina u.sually require(i by incoming 
 settlers ; . •'■•.■,>• 
 
 Oxen i^lOO to i|^ ! 25 a pair. 
 
 Wagon ^S<;5 ■!,' • 
 
 Plows S15 to S20 •• ■ 
 
 Harrows i^lO to .S15 
 
 Cook stoves with f\u-niture ."^IG to s>oO • ■ 
 
 LuiuV»er H?22 to ir'AO ■■■■■ ,.• 
 
 Sliingles S.S.00 to S3.50 per M. 
 
 Nails $4.50 a keg. 
 
 Flour ?fl.50 to .^8.00 a sack. 
 
 Bacon 12i cts. per lb. 
 
 Sugar (J cts per lb. 
 
 Tea 30 to 60 cts. per lb. 
 
 Rice .... 7 cis. p(^r lb. 
 
 Dried apples 10 cts. per lb. 
 
 Evaporated apples 15 cts. pei' lb. 
 
 '*ft 
 
 126087 
 
9-? 
 
 REfJ(NA DlSTlMCT. AsSIMliOlA, X.W.T. 
 
 CLIMATE AND HEALTH OF THE 
 REGINA DISTRICT. 
 
 
 r.V DR. ,\. H. 0. WILLOl'dHUY. 
 
 One of the iiiDsi iiiipnitaiit (lUcstioiis t<» lie considered 
 liy an intending' eiiiioivuit is the natiuf of the climate of 
 the countrv to wliieli lie intends i'enio\injj', and in referiins»' 
 to the cliiuate of tlie lleyina District we fnlly appreciate 
 the aii\antaL;e to lie deri\ed from a strict adherence to tlie 
 truth in all matteis of this Iciiid. We who have resided 
 here for tlic p.-isr fen years, and liavini;' durin^^ that time 
 visited every portion of the Retina District, can say, as a 
 result (;f our e\i)erieiice. that the healthfuhuss of the 
 District is inisurpjissed Iv anx- countrv (jf the ulobe. 
 E{)ideniics uf no diseasr haxr developed outside of the 
 town durinu' the pnst ten vc-t.^. nor aie theie any diseases 
 peculiar to or ;iii/in^ (ui of eiihei- the District or the 
 cliriiate. Typhoid fescr is cnuiparatively uid<nown. In 
 .some of the Iai'i>c toA\ns th.vw haxc heen outhreaks of 
 uiaJarial fever, n\vin^ to tlie nnn-oliserNance of the sim[)lest 
 rules of liyuieiie. The latter is an essential wherever 
 human hein^s are conyiv ^'ated <ind the local sun'omidinj^'s 
 otiered hy thi- lv(^j;ina D'i.^tJ'ict are healthfnl and in\itin>;-, as 
 shown ^y th.e record of th" District for the entire ])ei'io(l of 
 its Mxi-sri-nce. ''hr e'imrdc is \v;irm in suninn'r and cold in 
 winter. The Mimnier mean i- ().) - to (ij ~ . while that of 
 Enu'land is from <)0 ^ to G2 - . In winter the thermomet<'r 
 sometimes sinks to ."'0"^ or 40- helow zero. The atmos- 
 phere is, hov\e\n'r, very hi'ij^ht and dry. and the st-nsation of 
 cold is hy no means su vnipleasant as that nf a cold temper- 
 ature in a moist atmosjihere. The dry atmos[)here is 
 bracing and pleasant. The sun. m;on and stars display 
 themselves in all their -^lorv and in their briirhtest mirb 
 (hiring by tar tiie i>reatej' part of the season. The wliole 
 District is under the aihantagi- of luuing' the w^arm winter 
 called 'Chhiooks,' whosi- extraordinary effect in teujpering 
 the cold of winter is beyond dispute. It is owing to this 
 fact that there is ni^ver any ;j,reat depth of snow, and con- 
 sequently hors(is and cattl(> lind food ami shelter for them- 
 
Regina District, Assimhoia, N.W.T. 
 
 28 
 
 THE 
 
 considered 
 cliuiak' <>1" 
 n iT't'crring 
 • apprecifitL' 
 L'uce to the 
 ave resided 
 ; tliat time 
 u say, as a 
 ■ss of the 
 the <;lobe. 
 side of the 
 iiy «liseases 
 itrict or tlie 
 pu)wn. In 
 iithreaks of 
 'le simplest 
 wherever 
 urroiniding's 
 inviting, as 
 (' ])ei'i(>d of 
 lid cold in 
 e that of 
 n'l'inonietc'r 
 u' atnios- 
 sensation of 
 id teniper- 
 ios[)here is 
 ,ars (Usplay 
 ightest garl> 
 The whoh^ 
 ;arni winter 
 1 tempering 
 inu" to this 
 ^v, and con- 
 r for them- 
 
 selves (hn-ing the three winter months. The high hvtitude 
 and the (by bracing atmosphen; cause the aged to renew 
 their youth, and with the debghtful weather both winter 
 and summer atfoi-d special inducements to invalids. The 
 testimony of the large numbers who have come here suffer- 
 ing fi'om Asthma, Bronchitis, Catarrh, Dyspep.sia, Ilheinua- 
 tism. Consumption ami manj' other chronic comj)laints and 
 iiave Vjeen either cured or greatly benefitte<l. all go to show 
 that from the standpoint of healtli the Regina District is 
 unexcelled I»y any country in the world. Pei-sons pre- 
 disposeil to lung or throat, diseases cannot do better than 
 settle lieie. Tlu'se f;icts, if fully known and appreciated, 
 would be invalualile to thousands whose lives ai'(.' rendered 
 most unliupny not oidv bv the sutfeiing immediati'lv caused 
 
 lit.' «, t/ (^ t 
 
 by the disea.ses themselves, but by fear of them where they 
 may be hereditaiy. Jn conclusion, we will (juote an 
 extract from a letter wriv,ten by Sii- R. W. Cameron, of 
 New York, to th" Hon. J. H. Po})e, lat" Minister of 
 A<iricnlt\n'e. Hesavs: 'The so'l around Regina is the 
 I'ichest 1 have ever st'i'ii, ami as to the climate. I \isited it 
 for the benetit of my b» alth whi;h for some time ju'evious 
 was nmch shattered, ; nd 1 re. eive(l uioiv bcneHt from my 
 month's stay in the Nurth-West than 1 believed possible. 
 I found myself ca])ablc of more physical exertion than I 
 could ])ossibly have stood in this climate at any time with- 
 in tlu' past ten years. A-walk of ten miles, which I made 
 witliout extra exertion in two and a quarter hoiu"s, fatigued 
 me less than a walk of the third of the distance would 
 ha\e done here. The climate is l)racing and exhilarating 
 bex'ond any hitherto experienced by me." 
 
 GREAT REGINA PLAINS. 
 
 The great Regina plain^ which we enter from the e;ist at 
 McLean station, *2 4 miles distant from the capital, and at an 
 elevation of 'l^'l-tO above scja level, extends westward as far 
 as the Dirt Hills — the name given to the northern extension 
 of the urea t j\iiss;)ui'i Cote.iu. It dii)s gradually downwards 
 towards Ri'gina, which stands at an altitude of \,H7''> feet, 
 and still lo\vei- at Mo;,sc Jaw, 44 ndles westward, whoe it 
 reaches a unan \r\r\ of 1,72") feet: after which it rises 
 
24 
 
 Reoina District, Assiniboia, N.W.T. 
 
 iiteadily ah mo- the eastern slope of the ccjteau, whose crest 
 may be regarded as its western boundary. On account 
 of this peculiar formation I venture to apply the 
 epithet "saucer-shaped" to this immense plain, and 
 probably to this formation are due some of its special char- 
 acteristics and physical advantages. The constant washing 
 down of rich soil from the surrounding slopes, though it has 
 not by any means impoverished them, has doubtless increas- 
 ed the amount of soil in the plain; and the consecjuence is 
 that throughout its wide expanse it otters to the farmer one 
 of the richest agricultural districts to be met M'ith in one of 
 the most fertile reirions of the earth. 
 
 OPINIONS OF SOME PIONEERS. 
 
 A BRIEF STATEMENT FROM MR. D. MCFADYEN. 
 
 Donald McFadyeii, a hardy Scotchman of 57 years, makes 
 the following statement: 
 
 " I came to the Regina district on July loth, ISS'?'. I am 
 located on Section ^^4, Township 20, Range IK. I have wife 
 and five ehihlren, built loy,' hcuse l!).\i.') last vear, put in ten 
 acres tins .spruig (m breaking: it is a beautiful d'o}). We 
 nave a good school house and a Scotch ministei' in oui' 
 midst. When I landed in the country faom Scotland T had 
 no money. I like the country well, lia\e good health, and 
 I can in good conseience advise all in my native comitry 
 tvho ai\ not doing well to come to this e<»nntiy. All the 
 Crofters in this section arc doing wdl and like the country 
 very much." 
 
 A GLASGOW MAN'S VIEWS. 
 
 Mr. John Dougens has the following to say ]'es])eeting 
 the ilegina district : 
 
 " I came originally from (ilasgow, Scotland, have since 
 been in South Africa and many otlnr parts of the woi'ld 
 and have settle(l down here 1 think for keeps. 1 like the 
 couutr\- t)i' I would not stay. My farm is about ten miles 
 
RE(ilNA DiSTEUCT, ASSINIIJOIA, N.W.T. 
 
 '^5 
 
 whose crest 
 On account 
 apply the 
 plain, and 
 special char- 
 in t washing 
 lu)U<^h it has 
 ;less increas- 
 isecjuence is 
 i farmer one 
 ith in one of 
 
 EERS. 
 
 ICFADYEN. 
 
 years 
 
 niak 
 
 es 
 
 JcSS'7. 1 am 
 I have wife 
 
 ar, put in ten 
 01 op. We 
 
 listei' in our 
 tlan<l T lia<l 
 health, and 
 
 tivc co\nitrv 
 
 ry. All the 
 the countrv 
 
 t 
 
 y respecting 
 
 (I, ha\-e sincf | 
 f the woi'ld 
 I lilcr thr 
 lit ten miles 
 
 noith-west of Regina. T had a good crop last year, and 
 expect a good yield this 3'ear, }»ut can't say exactly until I 
 thresh, but I am sure of .SO hushels of wheat and 60 of oats 
 to the acre and ntjt a grain frozen. My land is clay loam 
 very deep and rich. 1 cultivate 80 acres and dy allnij'' own 
 woik. I consider the soil the very best for gi-ain and 
 vegetables, and I think mixed farming the proper thing. 
 
 I have l)een in the Reghia district since the LSth of 
 January, '(S3, and like the climate well. Myself and 
 family enjoy good health. (Considering that farming is 
 easy, no drains to make, no wood to chop down, no taxes to 
 pay (except little school taxes) with good climate, good 
 land, a good local market, good health and plenty of water. 
 I think this the country to settle in. If the government 
 adopted the " Cape " system of long easy payments for pre- 
 emptions without interest they would be doing the right 
 thing. But taking everything together I have no fault to 
 find, and can with good conscience advise my best friend to 
 come here to live." 
 
 ENERGY AND ECONOMY. 
 
 BrcK Lake, August 14th, 1891. 
 
 (South of Regina.) 
 
 To the Regina Board of Trade. 
 
 I was born in Middlesex County and lived there until 
 1889 when I decided to emigrate to the North-West and 
 test for m3^self the adaptability of the country for farming 
 and stock raising. I arrived in Regnm on the 21st of 
 April, 1889. I started out to look for a suitable location 
 but did not find one tliat was in all respects desirable until 
 we came to Buck Lake .south of Regina where we decided 
 to make our home. I am engaged in mixed farming. I 
 have got 110 acres broke, 95 of which is in crop, wheat and 
 oats. The crop is very heavy. Wheat five feet nine 
 inches, and t/ie oats five feet eleven inches hio-h. G'"ain can 
 
 1 • • • • • • 
 
 be raised to perfection south of Reguia. Mr. R. Kirby has 
 been in this part since 188.*} and has never had a grain 
 frozen. As a stock country the North-W^est has no equal. 
 Horses live out on the prairie all winter and do well, cattle 
 only requires to be fed and housed for a few weeks. The 
 
•2(i 
 
 Re(jixa District, Assinimdia, N.W.T. 
 
 nutritious grasses of the prairie produce the finest beet' and 
 the milk is capable to make the finest butter and cheese. 
 It is a first-class country for sheep. I have l(i() .sheep, as 
 fine a flock as you can find in any ])art of Ontario that 
 never was f^-d a handful of grain. We can raise better 
 stock of any kind and at far less cost than you can in 
 Ontario. I have found tl'.e climate to be in my opinion 
 superior to that oi Ontario. I do not think there is a 
 country in the world that has more sunshine than the Can- 
 adian North-West. This is the <listrict for rich or poor. 
 Any person with a little energy and economy can do well in 
 this district— the j-arden of the great Canadian North- 
 West. Yours respectfully, 
 
 • Al'STIN F. Carrothehs. 
 
 A LETTER FROM REV. MR. HARRISON. 
 
 llEciiXA, August 4th, KSOJ. 
 .11. •/. Sfcrl, Esq., Seri'etii rij of Ihianl o/' Tr<(<l('. 
 
 SiH,^ — I cheerfully respond to the re(|uest of the mend)ers 
 of the Boai'd of Trade of Kegina to write a short account of 
 my impression of Regina District as a suitable locality for 
 agricultural and stock I'aising purposes. 
 
 The great mistake that has hccii made by many farmers 
 who have sougiit homes on our western plains leis been to 
 folhjw simply the raising of wheat and tliis failing, by 
 reason of frost or drouLdit or which is more likelv, by 
 unwise forming, their whole is gone and the individual 
 becomes nece.s.sarily involved. No coim+ry was evei- better 
 adapted for mixed farming. A settler who can place four 
 cows on his farm will l)e alih; to make an (wcellent livinu* 
 though his eiops may occasionally fail. The urass ii'rowinu' 
 on these prairies is so rich that cattle will feed and keep in 
 good trim ff)r the market as long as the snow does not fall 
 too deeply. Horses not constantly working will easily live 
 out all winter without a handful of hay or the least protec- 
 tion from our .severe cold. This is true not only of our 
 nati\e horses that have been accustomed to this mode of 
 living but it is also true of our horses that have been tend- 
 erly reared in Ontario. Farmers fre(|uently work their 
 
 4 
 
 (lisp 
 
 1,1 
 
RE(ilNA DiSTIMCT, AssiXIHolA, X.VV.T. 
 
 27 
 
 st boot' and 
 luul cheese. 
 J sheep, as 
 )ntnri() tliat 
 raise better 
 you can in 
 my opinion 
 : there is a 
 m the Can- 
 ch or poor, 
 n (Jo w ell in 
 Ian North- 
 
 JlOTflEK.S. 
 
 tISON. 
 
 l-th, 1S91, 
 
 10 members 
 :. account of 
 ocality for 
 
 ny farmers 
 
 IS been to 
 
 failiiin', by 
 
 likely, by 
 
 individual 
 
 ner better 
 
 place four 
 
 ■ent liviny; 
 
 liss uTowinu' 
 
 nd keep in 
 
 es not fall 
 
 I'asily live 
 
 'ast protec- 
 
 nly of our 
 
 is mode of 
 
 lieen tend- 
 
 vvork their 
 
 horses until the ijround freezes in the .\ntumn and then 
 turt\ them out to gather their own living until time for the 
 work in Spi'in;;'. 
 
 Whcic mixeil fjinniiiL;' has ! n follnwi'd iiitelHi^'ently 
 
 succ(!ss has alway.- ei'owned tin- rfibi't,. 
 
 The soil inuiu'diately around the town of lieu'ina is very 
 heavy and the impression has become (piite prevalent that 
 it will not raise the finer plants. Tlie soil is certainly 
 heavy and e;isil\' worked, but wIhmi woi'ked is very 
 productive indeed, f wish to y'iv e my most emphatic denial 
 to this im])ressi()ii. I lifive now iji !)iv unrdeu u very tine 
 dis[)lay of flowers incluilin;^' the followinjj; varieties which 
 are in blossom : Ph!i*x, vei"!)en,is, unL,MifiK'tte, convolvulus and 
 <lahlifis jjjrown from .seed this spring and in l»loom since the 
 24th of July, ic(^ plants, one ot" which is, at this date (Aug. 
 4) :} feet .'} inches acmss, scarlet I'unner, pansies, swei't peas, 
 caleosis, petunins. marigolds, candytuft, stocks, dianthus, 
 portulacca, asters just opening, balsams and many other 
 varietii's. These flowers are growing in .'^oil wliolly 
 innocent of mulching of any kind. My vegetable gurden is 
 very tine also and we have cucuml)ers on vines the seed of 
 Avhich was sown in the o[)en ground and has had no 
 protection, fbnl the soil I'eceived pro|)ei- cultivation I am 
 sure nuich luitter ie.>uKs would lia\e lieeii reached. A false 
 impression is also made on the uumls of tourists an 1 intend- 
 ing .settlers by the fa"t that scarcely a good farm is passed 
 between Elkhoi'u ami Caron on tin.' line or raili'oad. It 
 would ()u_v both the C.P.R. and tie- ( '.., e, unent fo make a 
 vigorous ertbrt tt> liaA'c the huids immediately contiguous to 
 the raili'oad liiK; culti\ate(l ;;o as to remove any doubt as to 
 the fruitful ne.ss of our sod. Afte)- spending fifteen years in 
 Manitoba and in.-;i)ecting almost every lottality I have no 
 he.'-itiition in .saying that a larger extent of excellent wheat 
 growing land, unbroken by timber, marsh, or sand jdains 
 cannot be f(amd than that between the \alley of the (^u- 
 Appi'lle on the noith and the Dirt and Weed Hills on the 
 south. 1 wouM further like to say that whilt^ in conversa- 
 tion with Mr. \^'au.gh, Kditor ^.f the \oi'th-West Farmer, 
 that u'cntleman told me that the soil iuuiiediately around 
 Regina was calculated to raist" the iinest variety of wheat 
 p]a(;ed on the ujarket. 
 
 Timber is not abundant but can be ohtained in s\ifiicient 
 (]uantities to supply fuel. 
 
28 
 
 Heimn.v District, Assiniiioia, N.VV/r. 
 
 The proniiscs for crops jirc, this yt'Ui', vvvy Hattcring 
 iiidi crl and with piesont a)»|)t'araiict's many HcKls will yit.'ld 
 from 'M to 40 luislu'ls p^r jici-c. 
 
 ThiTc arc still a ^ood many t'ai'iiis to I'c ol)taine(l citlier 
 l>y pnrchase or homi'stcad. 
 
 Fciliaps the groatt'st sourcM,' of di'cad is oiw winters. I 
 have now ox[)»rit'nc«'d seventeen and am free to say I W(aild 
 never consent to exchance our splendid, hi'ight, clear, cold, 
 biHcin^' weather \\>v an eastern climate. 
 
 Yours sincerely, 
 
 J. M. Hahhison, 
 Pa.stor of Metliodist C-hurch, Regina. 
 
 P.S. — I did think at first of going in an extensive compar- 
 ison of the ditferent section of Nortli-West and Manitoba 
 giving facts an<l tigure.s as to progi'css of settlement and 
 cultivation, etc., hut, on second thought I felt that porliaps a 
 little personal experience would lie I letter. J.M.H. 
 
 ii. 
 
 LETTER FROM CHAS. MARTIN. 
 
 Wascana, Sec. -22, Tp. IS, R. 21, Aug lo, ISfll. 
 lie.i)ihi('i- l\ial, Esq. Pfcs'idmit licynm Hoard of Trade: 
 
 ].)EAii Sir, — I cheerfully give my testimony in favor of 
 this country. I came to Regina District in the hegiiniing of 
 18S8, same spring had in ten acres of oats, and luive now 
 under cultivation 170 acres, all of which looks immense. 
 The only fault I have with it is that it is too heavy, which 
 ©wing to ;t luavy drifting; rain has liei >me partially lodged. 
 This has ui ver occurred before this year, the straw being 
 rank and w<ak from the i^rcat growth. 1 expect uiy wheafe 
 will yield 8") bushels and oats (iO bushels per acre. An 
 acre under peas will be a great cro[i. The gai'den is every- 
 tliing one could desire, and surprises every one that sees it. 
 I mav say here that we had two or three (by seasons, but I 
 never had a failure, of course the ylel 1 was light, but 
 such as we have had the last three years more than makes 
 up foi' any loss I have had in the past. 
 
 School aiul church two miles distant, and P.O. 'I of a 
 mile. Tin; climate though very cold in winter is pure and 
 healthy. All kinds of .stock do well. One of our u'reatest 
 
 
 prii: '' ^:t. 
 
 Ml 
 
 , hi 
 
 i;rm j;,-~r tj 
 
 1 ii 
 
Miittt'riiiir 
 will vit'M 
 
 iK'il cither 
 
 V inters. I 
 ay 1 would 
 ;lear, cold, 
 
 KIN, 
 
 •li, Reij^ina. 
 , e coiiipar- 
 
 Manitoba 
 inent and 
 
 perlia{),s a 
 
 J.M.H. 
 
 o, ISfll. 
 
 iv.de : 
 
 \ favor of 
 
 Liinninfj' of 
 
 have now 
 
 inunense. 
 vy, which 
 ly lodgetl. 
 raw heiuir 
 my wheat 
 acre. An 
 
 is every- 
 
 !it sees it. 
 
 ioiis, hut I 
 
 light, but 
 
 an makes 
 
 ( ). •' of a 
 pure and 
 r greatest 
 
 
 
 
 k 
 
 
 ail 'Is^^ is^,^^. 
 
 w^m 
 
 l-,.;V5Jti 
 
 .Wt;!>Ti-K^ WjjJMC 
 
 
 T!IK !,\\S|»(>\v.\K MOTKL. RECilNA. N.W.T. 
 
.In 
 in< 
 pel 
 fai 
 poi 
 
 Stt' 
 MO 
 
 tin 
 Al 
 
 T(i 
 
 ro( 
 
 gv 
 
 is 
 
 su 
 
 ai'« 
 
 is 
 
 an 
 
 ti\ 
 
 y»- 
 y 
 
 .So 
 Be 
 
 tv. 
 
 th 
 
 iry 
 
 ca 
 
lllKilXA DiSTHICT, Ahsin'ihoia, N.W.T. 
 
 2!) 
 
 (Ini\vl))u-k.s is tlic sparse HcttlciiK'nt ami ditficulty in procur- 
 liijjj laltor ill Imsy times; harvest Iiaiuls are scarce at ir'l.oO 
 per (lay at present. I do not claim that a man can ^'et rich 
 faiiiiinj; here liy sittin;;' in the shade with his hands in his 
 pock(!ts, hilt do not see any reason why a person with a 
 sti'rn purpose who is willing to lahor and wait should not 
 jjjet alon<,' here. As for pioneerinfj it is pretty well done 
 now, and never was a .scratch to what it was iji 
 tlie early days of Ontario. 
 
 llegiua is a smart town on sure footing, with the husy 
 C.F.F. runninj-' through and a hranch line running to Prince 
 Alhert. 
 
 Vours resj)ectfully, 
 
 CHAS MARTIN. 
 
 STATEMENT FROM MR, HENRY FISHER. 
 
 Baylwatkr Faum, Regina, N.W.L., 
 
 14th Septemher, 1891 
 
 2\) the Preiiyicnt of tlw Riujiua Boanl of Tnuh: 
 
 Sill, — In reply to your circular letter ot the LSth inst., 
 requesting information on farming prospects, etc. I will 
 give you some i)articulai's which may be useful. My farm 
 is ahout three miles from the town limits of Regina, anil is 
 surrounded on all sides by lands of like character — a vast 
 area waiting the plough find modern capital to di'ivi! it. It 
 is enclosed with a strong fence, watered by creek and well 
 and contains ()40 aert>s, of which 400 have been under cul- 
 tivation some four yc^ars ; nearly 800 acres was in crop this 
 year, tlie balance following. The wheat is not all harvested 
 yet ; it is vari(aisly estimated the yield will be from JW to 
 '?.i bushels to the acre ; oats will go 50 bu.','iels and upwards. 
 Both wheat and oats are of first (juality and absolutely free 
 from damage ly frost. Tlu; wheat crop has taken over 
 thrive lbs. of biudiuo' twine to tlie acre and the oats three lbs. 
 
 Tlie land around here is eminently adapted for wheat 
 growing, while at the same time there is plenty of scope for 
 cattle raising and thi' ordinary run of mixed farming. 
 
 Given that we have like .season to this, and it appears to 
 be felt that we have entered on a cycle of favorable years, 
 
30 
 
 Reoina District, Assinihoia, N.W.T. 
 
 ii 
 
 fai-URTs may do well licre on a moth rati; ea))ital, for virgin 
 land may \)v bouj^ht around lunv, near to town and railway, 
 at figures per acre scarcely beyond the ainiual rental of 
 g(»od land in the ol<l country. Tiie iionicsteader, however, 
 lias to go further aHeld as the country settles up. I came 
 here from England in '.S4. 
 
 Climate is (|uito cold in winter Imt juntas healthy. I may 
 add tt at my croi)s are ahsolutf'ly untouclie(l Ly frost and 
 are largely hai-vested. I contemplate ])utting in a large crop 
 iK.'xt year. Yours truly, 
 
 Hexky Fishek. 
 
 '!•: 
 
 mi 
 
 NEIL MARTIN'S OPINION. 
 
 Another pioneer .speaks out for the country'. 
 
 Ml-. Neil Martin, ])ost-master at Wascana, a country 
 p(,st-i)flice twelve miles lun'tli-west of Regina, mnde the ft)l- 
 lowing statement for [)ultlicati()(i : 
 
 " i struck the banks of the " Pile o' Bones' on the 24th 
 day of May, 1SS2, iifter travelling over 400 miles with 
 oxen. 'I'he land h.ere suited me better than anything I saw, 
 and I pitched my tent. T tim from the c-iunty of North- 
 umberland, and ^o all farmers in my old county who are 
 stiiiggling with expeiisi\e farms under mni-tgages, and to 
 all who can hardly make cids iie-et, or to any oiK^ who 
 wants to gft along i|uiekly in tin' world. I >ay to couie tu 
 this new country. 1 had 140 acres of ci(>[» this year. I 
 lui.c not thi'eshed yet, but I put my wheat <lown at 35 
 bush<'!s to the acre and oats Mt (iO. J hr\'e heard of some 
 who's ( idp did not look as well as mine going more than 
 that, but I will be satisfied if I get amount stated) I have 
 always giown splendid vegetables here, and I consider the 
 country No. I for daiij'ing. Potatoes always a sure crop. 
 Trees can be grown successfully. Climate tirst-chiss and 
 healthy, paid les , doctoi- bills here than any other ])lace I 
 ever li\-ed. Schc 1 and church within easy distance. One 
 big ad\antage in this country there is no taxes, except a 
 t''i+1e for school pui'poses 
 
 Ves, J have made money in this country, and considei* 
 myself on fail" way to success. My liel[) this year was one 
 man for seven months. As to the \\ inter it is cold but the 
 
 m 
 
REGINA DlSTHKiT, AsSIMBOlA, N.W.T. 
 
 31 
 
 v virgin 
 
 railway, 
 
 rental of 
 
 liowi'ver, 
 
 1 came 
 
 y. I may 
 rost and 
 wgii crop 
 
 'ISHEK. 
 
 country 
 u the foi- 
 
 tlie 24th 
 lies with 
 ng' I saw, 
 it' North- 
 who are 
 is, and to 
 one who 
 
 CUUH' tu 
 
 year. I 
 vn at 35 
 
 of some 
 K)n,' than 
 T have 
 sider the 
 are crop. 
 3hiss and 
 r ])lace I 
 ce. One 
 excej)t a 
 
 consider 
 
 was one 
 
 d hut the 
 
 air is clear, drv and hracinu'. I don't winter my stock as 
 long here as I did in Ontario. Anyj-oung man with energy 
 anil <letei"mina<ion to succeed (lannot fail in this country, 
 :\ni\ i hn\e no iu'sitation in advisirii'' .-ill Avho are looking for 
 new homes to c(jme and see the Regina district. 1 had 
 almost forgotten to state that 1 haven't an ounce of frozen 
 gi'ain : good water can he found in aliun<lance at easy 
 distances." 
 
 HOW MR. THOMAS BARTON LIKES THE COUNTRY. 
 
 Tiiomas Barton, a progressive Englishman and well-to-do 
 farmer of the Regina disti'ict, under date of the 8rd ^«ov- 
 endter, \SHH, writes as follows: 
 
 " I located four years ago on Sec. 28, 19, 17. My farm is 
 located in the bluffs, one of the most delightful parts of the 
 North- West. It is a hlack loam No. 1 soil and is capable of 
 producing, under good cultivation, immense crops. This 
 year I have over 1()0 acres of wheat and 30 of oats. My 
 wheat will yield, I am sure. 35 bushels to the acre and oats 
 over 00 l)ushels. 
 
 I find Regina a good market for all kinds of farm prcjduce, 
 gi-ain, l)uttei', eggs, i)ork, and fat cattle always find ready 
 sale. As to how I like the country, I say first-class. If a 
 man woiks hai'd and is a good manager he will get rich 
 (|uicker farnnng than in any other country in the world 
 that I know anything about. All branches "f farming can 
 be cari'ied on — dairying, cattle raising, wheat growing. 
 Large areas of land can be [)ut under cultivation in a very 
 short time, and thei'e is plenty of pasture to start as big a 
 herd of cattle as a man likes. Don't think I have anv more 
 to say nidess I nnght add that this a|)pe!irs to me to be the 
 rioht counti'v for uood hardworkin*' men, wh(» aiv living in 
 the old counti-y from hand to mouth. To all such I .say, sell 
 all you have and come out here and start over again. If 
 you are not a practical farmei', you will soon learn, if you 
 are williuLT to leai'ii and wilh'nu' to work. Hoiiing. gentle- 
 men. vou will suc(:ee(l in ijettinu' us more neiHdjors, 
 
 I remain, yours truly, 
 
 Tnos. Barton. 
 
 N.B. — No frost, no cyclones, no giasshoppers here. 
 
 T.B. 
 
:52 
 
 ReGIXA DlSTlUCT, ASSINIUOIA, N.W T. 
 
 ■I 
 
 
 A SCOTCHMAN'S SUCCESS. 
 
 Causs!>aj-e liv Reoina, Dec. 7th, 1888, 
 
 To the Freaidcnt of the Board of Trade. 
 
 Dear Sir, — I Imve inueh pleasure in iorwMi-ding a brief 
 sketch of my experience in the North-Wes^. 
 
 I arrived n'v the Qu'Appelle Valley from Scotland in July, 
 1882, havintr travelled on foot with a herd of cattle from 
 Oak Lake. The Cana<lian Pacific Railway was ^nly com- 
 pleted for a short distance west of Brandon, and travelling 
 had all to be done by trail. 
 
 I had previously travelled through part of southern and 
 western Manitoba on land hunt, but finding the Regina 
 district to be in my opinion equal to the best in Manitoba, 
 as a grain growing country, and the Qu'Appelle Valley being 
 the finest tract I had seen for stock raising, with a fair 
 supply of wood and hay, and water ni abundance, I finally 
 resolved to settle in this district. 1 have now been settled 
 for six years in the Valley, and although during one of 
 these years, namely, '80, the crops were a failure owing tothe 
 excessive drought, I am still tirm in my good opinion of the 
 country. As compaied with the Old Country the soil is 
 much richer, as it can be cropped for many years without 
 the aid of anv manures, which is a thing (j lite impossible in 
 the Old Country. 
 
 In the fall of 188(1 I went over to Scotland, returnintj the 
 following spring accompanied by my father and mother and 
 some frieruis who also settled in this <listrict. My father 
 and mother, agfd respectively 77 and 70, both liked the 
 country well and often expressed their favorable opinion 
 of it. 
 
 I think the country is a good one for emigration in every 
 way, especially as regards the free land grants which should 
 be a welcome change to apeople who have been hampered wi'h 
 lanl laws and tyrannized over by landlords, as so many in 
 the Old Country have been, to my own per.sonal knowledge. 
 This district which was comparatively unknown when I first 
 arrived, is now well siittled up and the Canadian Paciti 
 Railway is extended right through to the Paci^^c .Coast and 
 a railway completed last year to run from Regina to Prince 
 All»ert with a station quite near my far'\i. thus 
 
 i^ 
 
Re(;lva District, Assintkoia, N.W.T. 
 
 33 
 
 1888. ■ 
 
 a brief 
 
 affording' every facility for s(!tt]ers getting into the country. 
 I may say in conclusion that I have never had cause to 
 I'egret the step I took in choosing the North West as a 
 lionie. I remain. 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 W. R. Jamieson. 
 
 in July, 
 le from 
 ly com- 
 'avelling 
 
 lern and 
 Regina 
 [anitoba, 
 ey being 
 h a fair 
 finally 
 settled 
 one of 
 fn(;tothe 
 on of the 
 le soil is 
 without 
 ussible in 
 
 rning the 
 )ther and 
 y father 
 iked the 
 i opinion 
 
 L in every 
 ch should 
 cred wi'h 
 many in 
 lowledge. 
 lien I first 
 ,n Paciti 
 ^^oast and 
 to Prince 
 rm. thus 
 
 Regina, August 18th, '91. 
 To the Regina Board of Trade. 
 
 Gentlemen, — In reply to your letter asking farmers to 
 give their expei'ience I would say as I have given my 
 experience in a previous pamphlet Iwill now give a few facts 
 that may be of use to those who settle on land. In thelirst 
 place I would say to tliosc having a knowledge of farming, 
 paying heavy rent or high interest come to the North-West 
 and get a ]iomest(.'a<l of IGO acres. If you have a little 
 money when you get luu'e all the better, say from loO to 
 ;}00 dollars. If you have not that amount and determine 
 to make a home for yourself and family you can si;cceed on 
 less. As soon as a lionu'stead is secured lose no time, u'et a 
 yoke of oxen, plough and harrows. G(j to work on the land 
 and [)repare for crop the first ycai' about 25 acres, put wheat 
 on '20 acres of that tlie second year the balance in oats and 
 potatoes. The second year you can prepare from 20 to 80 
 acres and take ott' tlie crop. More has been done by one 
 man .ind i\ yoke of oxen. 1 am lieic eight years past, start- 
 e(l i)i debt, bail no one to tell me about the land or climate 
 iieing one of the first settlers, but went to work detei'mined 
 to do my part in making a home lea\ing the rest in the 
 bands of a kind Pi'ovideiice. 1 now have 240 acres under 
 cultixation, 11 ") under wheat that will yield between ^OiUid 
 40 bushels to the acre, about 40 in oats, barley and peas, 
 the balance of 240 summer fallow. I make these last .state- 
 ments to show that the land is \ery rich and what can be 
 done by a little [)ei'severance. 
 
 James \\h\ai. 
 Aug. ISth, 1)1, l'(jxboi<. Farm, Sec. 24, T. 10, R. ID. 
 
;i4 
 
 RECilN'A DlSTllKT, ASSINII'.OIA, X.W.T. 
 
 TO THE INTENDING SETTLER. 
 
 A g)"eat (leal lias hecu said al)Out sliort crops aii<l 
 failures clnriiiii' an occasional <lrv srasoii, whieli we have 
 expei'ienced in our tui'n in the N.W.'I'. like all othei' coun- 
 tries, bnt ho\H general observation and experience <lurino- 
 the last eij^ht yeai's in this country I find that the fault 
 five times out of six lies with tlu^ farmer himself. We an,' 
 only lii'o'inners in a new and strange soil and have many 
 things to employ our time in iitting up ;i " "W farm, and in 
 the spring if we tind that th<' most of < hw<\ is in the 
 same state as when we took the crop off t previous season, 
 we know \ve are not farming i-ight;l)nt f must put in a 
 ero]) anyway, so wo just go at it in the most expeditious 
 manner. If the lain, is not <^oo weedy we (ran ])ut tlie crop 
 in on stvilible with a di'ill an<l harvest a tirsr-class ci'Op. 
 Others — and these are the ones who sometimes meet with 
 less success — sow bn)adcast and cover with conuiion harrow : 
 the seed does not get [)Ut in so deej)ly and is sure ti) sulfer 
 if we have a diy season. Now. what we want to do is to 
 snuHiicr-fallow our land, gixing it tlie iiemlit of the action 
 <!f the sun as widl as the frost, and in the spring we sim])ly 
 have to drill in the seed, and I have noticed that in the 
 flriest seasons those who farm in this way havi' had a 
 splendid crop ranging all the way from 20 to '•]() liush. pev 
 acre of wheat, alxjut twice that of oats nnd barK-y. The 
 last two .sea.sons we iiave had abundance of rain, so that one 
 could siuiply jdotigh u[) the ))i'airie and sow on the sod and 
 get ii magnilicent cr(*p, wliich c;ui be dotie any year wii.h a 
 fair amount of rain, iioots we can grow to perfection. 
 The climate is as healthy as any in the world. We have 
 lots of coal, fail' supply of tinil:er, plenty of hay, and good 
 railway facilities, and ail wt; want is nuni with energy 
 enough to c( me (not to get rich in one season) but men wlu) 
 will take ott" tlii'ir gloV(,'s. lay aside their cane for a v.'liih,-, 
 and expect that to receiN c everything from the land they 
 mu>t do something in return and then success is sure to 
 follow, and he wouM lie wise to lieiii'tit by the exp 'rience of 
 the ])ionei'r settler.s. 
 
 Not wishing to fuithei.' intrude on your valuable time 
 I wish \<>n welcome to (jur young but jirosperou.s country, 
 
 ReynohUon. Aug. 2.'), I Ni* 1 .1. W. Ri<: V N ( )IJ )S, 
 
 Kai'inel. 
 
RE(a\A DiSTHKT, ASSINIHOIA X.W.T. 
 
 36 
 
 THE UNION 
 
 Its Growth, Progress and Present Status. 
 —The Trustees, the Staff, Etc 
 
 The Reiiina .Scliool District No. -t was oruaiiij^ed in 
 FL'l»i'Ufn'v hScS:}, and Mr. Sliatliua' l)ec'aiiu' tlu; tir,st tcacliei*, 
 towards wlio.si- .salary tlu' Nortli-Wcst ({oNcrnuient eoiitri- 
 butt'd S2o per mouth, the i"einaiu(h'r in-inn' .su])pli(Ml from 
 local resources, lu Api'il 1884 Mr. J). S. McCauuel took 
 charge of the sch(;ol. P'or some tiuie the school .suflered 
 repeated chauyes of location, uutil in March, 188(), a portion 
 of the new Town Hall on Scarth Sticer. was leased from the 
 Municipal Council for school purpo.ses. In that year an 
 assistant teacher was engao-ed and in the following yeai' it 
 was found necessary to procui'e a second assistant, the 
 
 average attendance heing aliout 100. In 1888 Mr. McCannel 
 was succeeded as Principal hy Mi'. N. F. McKay, B.A., who 
 conducted the school for two years, when the present 
 Principal took charge. 
 
 In .Septeinlier l88l) a third assistant was engaged, and the 
 High School Dejtartment was opened, the attendance in 
 which has steadily and ra[)i(lly increased. In February 
 18!)0 the present substantial and couimoilious laiilding, a cut 
 of which a[)pears on another page, was I'eady for occupation 
 and was opened with due ceremony by Irlis Honor the 
 Lieutenant-Go\ernor. This elegant .structuie ha.s been 
 inspected by many visitors and univer.s.olly atlmired for the 
 fine finish within an<l without, and especially for the 
 excellent and economical system of heating and ventilation. 
 Great credit is al.so due to the Trustees for the comphjteness 
 of the furnishing (;f the various class rooms, in desks, maps, 
 blackboards, Szc, as well as for the fre(|uency of t! eir visits 
 to tTie school. The Board holds regular meeting; on the 
 second and fourth Thursdays of each month, and is at 
 present constituted as follows : — J. H.Benson. K.s(|., C'hair- 
 man, Messrs. D. Mowat, J. Jackson, John Morri.scni and G. 
 W. Brown. Mr. R. J. Steel is Sec.-Treas. 
 
30 
 
 Rkcina J)isti<I(T, AssiMiioiA, N.W.T. 
 
 ST-5uI^I^- 
 
 W. J. Chisjioi.m, B.A., 
 K. F. Chishoi.m, 
 Miss Martha Keimi, 
 Miss. W. S. Scari.ktt, 
 Miss Jlssie Bhcavn, 
 Miss E. Evans, 
 Mh. Robert Pvrsons, 
 
 Pnnci])al. 
 1st Assistant. 
 2n<l 
 3rd 
 4th 
 oth 
 
 Caretaker. 
 
 THE SCHOOL LAW OF THE TERRITORIES. 
 
 The t'ol lowing- recital of some of the principal features of 
 the school ordinance may he interestinjjj : A school district 
 may comprise an area of not more than 2o square mile>;, not 
 more than o miles in hreadth or len<ifth, and must contain 
 not h'ss than four resi<lent heads of families, and ten child- 
 I'en of '■ school aj^e," whicli means hetween the aj^es of 5 
 and 20. Any three ratepayers, two of whom must he heads 
 of families, resident within an arc^a descrihed as above, may 
 form them.seU'es into an conmiittee to pi'ocure its erection 
 into a .school district, hy petition to the Lientenant-( Gover- 
 nor. Such ])etition must set forth the ])roposed name, 
 limits, location and approximate area, total population, 
 numher of I'atepayei's, immher of a(hilts, children, t'tc. On 
 receivinj^' the approval of tht' Lieutenant-(jlo\-ernoi" to the 
 proposed limits, tlie couuuittee can call a meeting of the 
 ratepayers hy posting up five notices within tlie propo.sed 
 district, at Ica^t two W("d<s pi'ece(hng the date of the meet- 
 ing. So soon as till' majority of ratepayeJ's at this meeting 
 lias (h'cided in favour of th(; ei'ection of the district, the 
 ratepayers present, l)y a majority of votes, may ek'ct from 
 among the resident i-atepayers in the <listric.t three trustees. 
 In town nnnucii)!ilities tlie lunnher of trustees has Iwi-n 
 increased to live. On receiving the report of a first school 
 meeting, if the niajority of votes has he? 'ii in favor of its 
 e)vction, the Lieutenant-OoA'ernoi' pi'oclaims th(^ <]isti*ict a 
 school district, and the trustees liaxe then full p(Aver, as a 
 body c(>rporate to conduct its afi'aii's. 
 
 The minority ratepayers, whether Protestant or Roman 
 Catholic, resident within the limits of an organized public 
 
Qg 
 
 rtl 
 
 ii*f 
 
 
 KNOX IMlKSliVTKRlAN CIHiiCH, KElilXA, N.VV.T. 
 
RKOINA rMSTUICT, AsSIMHOlA, N.VV.T. 
 
 sr 
 
 school flistrict, can cstalilisl) a scj^irate schocl ihercin, with 
 the sanit' riglits and privildj^es as Is |)r(»vi*le»l in tlie case of 
 public .school (liKtricts. bio rcliifioiis instructioTi^ .siicli as 
 BibU^ J\ ii<lin<jf or recitiiiff prayers, except as numtioncd fur- 
 ther on, or asking ((uestions or giving answd-s from any 
 catechism is permitted in any public school in t "Teri'itories, 
 from the opening of such school at nine oclock in the 
 forenoon until thre(^ o'clock in the afternoon, after which 
 time any such instruction, pt-nnitted or desii-ed by the 
 trustees, may be given. Schools may be opened each mors- 
 ing with praytir, with the consent of the trustees, who must 
 approve of the form of prayer to be used Any child 
 attending school, whose })arents or guardians are of th * 
 religious faith different from that expressed in the name of 
 the school district, has t]w privilege of leaving the school 
 room at three o'clock in tlie afternoon, or of n^main'ng 
 without taking part in any religi(us instr-iction that may 
 be given, if the parents or guardians so desire. 
 
 No fee can be cluuged on account of the attt;ndance 
 of any cViildren whoso parents or guardians 
 are ratepayers, but a rate not exce(-ding five cents per day 
 may be charged for any children whose parents are not 
 ratepayers to a school district. The school year is <livi(led 
 into two terms, a first and secoml term, from January 1st to 
 June 80th, and from Juh- 1st to D( ceiulK-r i^lst, re.s}X'ctively. 
 There is an efficient staff of insptctors, and schools are 
 inspected twice a yeaj- towards the close of each term. In 
 schools open during the whole year seven weeks holidays are 
 allow(;d, of which not less than two nor more than six 
 weeks may be given in sunmier, between July 2nd and 
 August 1st, at their discretion. An annual meeting of the 
 ratepayers of every school listrict is lield in the first week 
 of January in each year, av. which the trustees are re(iuircd 
 to submit the accouiits of the district for the past year. 
 
 AID TO SCHOOLS. 
 
 Aid was first given by Oovernment towards tlu*- support 
 of schools in the Territol'ie^i in 18S0, when one half of the 
 teacher's salary was pai<l provided the daily average attencir 
 ance was not less than ten pupils. There was uo system a£ 
 inspection, nor was any course of study or text-Vookii 
 prescribed, nor was any standard of qualification exacted far 
 
96 
 
 Rkoina District, Assinihoia, N.W.T. 
 
 Ihc keiujliers, afc that tiiii*.'. In Juimaiy, ISfS"), 28 Hchools 
 wore receiving aid ill tlji.s Tuantier. Of these nine were in 
 Wic district of Saskatchewan, t'ight in Assini])oia, seven in 
 AH)eTi»» fend tour in th(> outlying Territories ; f u'o of the 
 iHfcter Ixiing the Protestant an<l Roman Cfitholic schools at 
 borfc CLipk-'wyan, and a third tiie ('onvent at Providence, 
 UcKeiude River, in Atha)>asca. ' nder tlu^ piovisions of 
 th»^ Ordinance of I8^i.'), tlie grants were somewhat increased, 
 and fche ehanges liav(i fi-om time to time been made in the 
 i»ftiau»r of giving aid t(y schijols. At pn^sent the Govern- 
 ment grant is distributed as f<"ows : To scliools employing 
 A lieaehei' holding a third-class certificate, 0') per cent, of the 
 salary is paid ; foi- a S(;coiid-class certificate, 70 per cent.; 
 m\*\ for a first-class, 7-^> per (j^jnt. In addition thereto a 
 grant Oi! i?<>0 per annum is given to small schools, in which 
 8ie number of children In attendance does not exceed 25, 
 vrhen tKe daily average is not less than 75 per cent, of the 
 ■oinbet' of pupils on the roll ; and the amount of this grant 
 decrea.ses as the percentage of attendance goes }>elow 75 per 
 cent. Wlien the percentage is l»elow 50 per cent., a school 
 iiiru>t enfcifeled to any shan^ in this grant. Fo)- the quarter 
 etiided September 30th last, 207 schools, employing 285 
 tearfiers, received aid in this way in the whole of the 
 
 TeirTtovies. 
 
 CURRICULUM. 
 
 The basJa upon which the course of studies prescribed for 
 khe s'*hools in the Territories is prepared is thus defined in 
 ♦he Ordinance — 'All schools shall be taught and instiuctions 
 givew. in the following branches, vi/., reading, writing, 
 orthogi'aphy, anthinetic, geography-, grammar, history of 
 Britaui and Canada, and English literature. Instructitms 
 shall ba given during the entire school course in manners 
 and lamnis and the laws of health, and due attention shall 
 he ^Nvn to auch phyaical exercises for the pupils as may be 
 iiondneive to health and vigor of body as well as mind, and 
 to the ^rentilation and temperature of school rooms." In 
 puisttaaee of the foregoing provi.sion the progrannne of 
 studies prescribed by the Boar<l of Education for use in all 
 .scbttol% embraces the following subjects : reading, spelling 
 and dictation, composition, writing:, arithmetic, ethics, calis- 
 thenics, gramipar, geography, history, literature, book- 
 heeqpiHg, object le.ssons, drawing, music, algebra, geometry 
 Aadiip^cultiire. Needle-work; plain and fancy, knitting 
 
 grd 
 
 II 
 
 ;«.n . 'jvT'""'! nf-r 
 
 '-"V 
 
 pi 
 
 '.Ml 
 
lji«i«>-«* i»t iiiP«Miff»r« 
 
 Reuina DrsTitK r, Assinimoia, N.W.T. 
 
 :{}> 
 
 and simihir work, may '"' tuui^'lit iis nil optional subjeot in 
 any school by perinission of tlu' triisttn's. The KiiidtTi^art- 
 en systciii may In- used in any scliool at the discretion of 
 the trust«!e^'. Hcadinu;', spellintf and (.ictation, composition, 
 writing, arithmetic, ethics, drill and calisthenics an; con- 
 sidered essential suhjcsets, and must he taught in every 
 school. } 
 
 HIGHER EDUCATION. 
 In 1(S.S(S, in order to meet a general demand from all th»» 
 important centres of population in tlie Territories for a 
 higher class of education, provisions were made for the 
 estahlishiiieiit of " union schools," in vvhicii tlu; hi«dier 
 branches may he taught. A special grant is given to such 
 schools when the daily av(;rage attendance is not le.ss tlian 
 60 pupils, when not less than three teachers aw employed, 
 and when not less than lo pupils in regular attendance at 
 any one such school have passed the examination prescrib- 
 ed by the Board of Education for entrance t."* the high 
 school branch of such schools : provided the certificates held 
 by thi high school teacher are approved by the Board of 
 Education, and provided the daily average attendance at the 
 high school branch is at least 10 pupils. Union schools have 
 been established, and are now in operation in REGINA, 
 Moosomin, Moose Jaw, Calgary, Lacombe (R.C., .separate 
 school at Calgary), and Prince Albert. The course of studies 
 in the high school branch of these schools, in addition to the 
 subjects prescribed in the programme of studies for all 
 schools, includes the following subjects : — physiolcgy and 
 hygiene, Latin, French, chemistry and botany. A higher 
 standard is now being prepared, and will likely be promul- 
 gated at the next meeting of the Board of Education. The 
 principal or head teacher of a union school must be a 
 graduate in arts of .some university in Her Majesty's domin- 
 ions, and must also be al>li' to trniii teachers according to 
 the most appnned methods of teaching. 
 
 James Hhowx, Secretarv Board of 1:^ lucation. 
 
 Important Notice. —Don't l>e persutided to get oft' the cars in Mani- 
 toba by Manitoba agents. Come right through to Regina. Tf you 
 don't like :'u8 country you may return. It coata nothing extra to cume 
 this far. You can get a good choice of lands for homesteading, as 
 ManitoV)a's best lands are about taken up. Any inforiDation desired by 
 intending settlers will be cheerfully furnished by addressing Secretary 
 Tlegina Board of Trade, Regina, Assa.. Canada. or.T. T Stemshom, 
 Dominion Immigration Agent, Rogina. 
 
HOMESTEAD REGULATIONS. 
 
 All evtiii-iiiiiii1)ui'ud (luctidnH of Doiniiiion LhikIh iit Matiitoba nr tho 
 North Wt'Kt 'IVriitnrios, oxcopt 8 aiul LM}, wliich luivo not buon hr>nio- 
 Htoiidiul, rtHfrvml U> jirovidc wooil lots for Hiittlers, or otlior |mr[>oH08, 
 jimy bo hoinustt'iuleil by ;iiiy iiersoii wlio i.s hoIo heiul of a fiiinily, or 
 malu over oighteuu yours of iiyo, to tho oxtont of ono (juartor section of 
 IfiO acres, more or loss. 
 
 ENTRY. 
 
 Kntry may bo niadi) pcrsonnlly lit thu local limd uttlcc in wliich the land to be 
 taken isHiiuatu. or if thn iioinoslfader dosircH, lu; iniiy, on npplication to the 
 MiiiiMternf tho Interior, Oiiawii.or the ConiniiHsioiier of Dominion LiincU, Win- 
 nipi't^, rfccive .•iiithority for wonio onu to niiiict! entry for )iim A fee of ?10 Ig 
 chiirKcd fi)r)ni ordiniiry honu-.ti'ad entry ; liiit for l,iiicln wliii^h have been occu- 
 pied nii add itionut fee of !5lu in ihiirKeft))le to meet inspection and cancellation 
 expcTiaes, 
 
 HOMESTEAD DUTIES. 
 
 Under the prcaent law lioiiic-leid (l\itie8 ni;iy he performed in three wayH, and 
 on makiiiK apjilieation for entry tho honicHteader must declare wlilch of the fol- 
 lowioK eondiiioiiH ho electa to hold his land : 
 
 1. '1 hree years' ciiiLivailon and residence, d'lrin^f whieh period tho 8(;ttler may 
 not be alisent for more than six nmiiihs) in anyone year without forfciliny the 
 entry. 
 
 2. I'esideneo for three years anyAhere within two miles of the homestead 
 quarter section, and afterwards actual residenei; in a habitahU' home upon tho 
 ncniestead for three iiu)ntlis next prior to ajjplieiiti'in foi' patent. Under this 
 system 10 acres most be broken the first year after entry, l.'^ iidditionai in tho 
 seeond, and l.'i in t lie third year ; in acres to be in crop tfio second your, and '25 tlio 
 third ye.ir. 
 
 li. Tl'e live yeurs'sy .stem under wlii(!h u settler may reside anywhere for the 
 first two y(virs(l)Ul mu: t perf(vt his entry liy oninieneirjKcullivauion witliin sis 
 months after the date! ilioreof ) brealiinj.; live uere.s the liisL year, cropping those 
 five acres and breaking ten ae.re.s.iddllimial the second yvar, and also building a 
 habitable house the end of tlie second year. The settler must coniuienco actual 
 residence on the honie-tead at tlie exiiration of two ye>irs from the date of entry, 
 and thereafter reside upon and cultivate liis homestead for at least six monthsin 
 each of the three next suceeediiiff ycjars. 
 
 APPLICATION IFOR PATENT 
 
 may bo made lief')ro the locp.l axent, any homestoad inspector, or the intelligence 
 oltlcer nt Medicine Hat or Qu'Appelle Station. Wcforj making application for 
 Patent the settler must give six months' notice in writing to the Commissioner of 
 Dominion l^ands of his intention to do so. 
 
 INTELLIGENCE OFFICES 
 
 arc situated at (Ju'Appelle .Station aiul Medicine Hat. Newly arrived immiKrants 
 will receive at a?. y of these olliccs information as to tho lands that are open for 
 entry, and from thtjotflcerin charge, free of expense, advice and asaistimco la 
 securing lands to suit them. 
 
 A SECOND HOMESTEAD 
 
 may be taken by anyone who has received a homestead pat'.-nt or a cortifleate of 
 recommendation countersiKued by the CJomniissioner of Dominion Lands upon 
 application for patent ni ide by liim. or had earned title to his first homsstoad on, 
 or prior to t he second day of J une, 1S87. 
 
 INFORMATION. 
 
 Pull ioformntion respecting the land, timber, coal and mineral laws, and copies 
 of these Hegulations, as well as those respecting Dominion Lands in the Railway 
 HeU. in Uritish Columbia, may be :)l)tamed upon application to the Secretary of 
 the Department of t,he Interior, Ottawa ; the. Commissioner of Dominion Lands, 
 Winnipeg, Manitoba; or to any of tho Dominion Lands Agents in Manitoba or tb« 
 North-West 'i'erritories, 
 
 A. M. BURGESS, 
 Dep. Min. of the Interior. 
 
AN IMPORTANT 
 FOR THE NEW 
 
 QUESTION 
 
 -o- 
 
 I 
 
 It shoTiIfl ho One ol' tlie first cares of tlio new settler 
 thnt lie adinit into his home a ^ood newspaper. He and 
 his t'nniily should have a paper that j^ives them information 
 about the new country, keeps them in touch with the news 
 of the Old Country, Eastern Canada, and the whole world, 
 and reflects in articles from some of the best writers in 
 Canada the public opinions of the day; a paper, in fact 
 which not only pleases, but brings instruction and profit to 
 every member of the household. Such a paper is The 
 Lea UK u. 
 
 TiiK Leader was establislied in pioneer days. It fought 
 the battles and righted the grievances of the early settlers, 
 and continues to guard jealously tlie interests of the great 
 North- West, no matter what government, corporation or 
 individual may menace them. 
 
 Established with a costly and most complete outfit, it 
 has continued to grow from its birth. Its managers will 
 persistently pursue the same onward course, and no pains or 
 expense will ever be stinted in maintaining through the 
 coming years its position as THE leading newspaperf of the 
 Canadian North -West. 
 
 Whether the incoming settler subscribe for it or not, he 
 is heartily invited to write us or call personally at the 
 office. Persons desiring reliable information concerning not 
 only Regina but the whole North- West can take no better 
 course than to subscribe for The Leadei?. 
 
 Published at Regina, Canada, by The Leader Company 
 (Limited), at $LoO a year, (six sliilling.s.) 
 
THIS [IS 
 
 OWAT 
 
 "jThe Grocer." 
 
 Gall on him 
 
 "whan you arrive 
 for information 
 about the coun- 
 try or for supplies 
 ^^' Will be pleased 
 to see you. 
 
 W J. BROTHERTON, 
 
 WATCHMAKER & JEWELLER 
 
 Repairing Promptly Executed. 
 
 Soiith Railway St., Regina. 
 J. W. SHILLINGTON, 
 
 General Blachsmith and Carnage Builder. 
 
 Scarth St. 
 
 Regina. 
 
m^tlt*- ■'■Hi^'^Vtmt^Vt'mttt.mitifutM/ti^lij 
 
 WILLIAMS & WILLOUGHBY 
 
 THE XiEj9L.IDI3Sra- 
 
 LUMBER DEALERS. 
 Lejeune, Smith Zc Co. 
 
 BANKERS 
 
 -AN 
 
 Fii7ai7GiaI Agei7tSj 
 
 Scarth Street, 
 
 eina. 
 
 "THE PALACE" 
 
 Boot, Shoe and Clothing 
 
 STOE.E 
 
 Carries the largest and best assurted stuck between Wiuuipq^; and ths 
 Coast, comprising all the best Canadian and American makes Aod 
 our prices will compare with the eastern cities. My motto u 
 * ' Good Goods and Small Profits. 
 
 L. C. ROGERS. 
 
TORONTO HOUSE. 
 
 Wholesale and Retail DRY GOODS. 
 
 We have always on hand a well assorted stock of tirst- 
 •iass Dry-Goods in eveiy branch. We keep the best. We 
 sell the cheapest. Patronage solicited and satisfaction 
 f^oaraitteed. 
 
 B. J. -aTUlMf 
 
 TORONTO. ONT. REGINA, N.W.T. 
 
 jThoody, 
 
 Livery, Feed and Sale Stable 
 
 DKALER IN 
 
 Grain and Xdve Stock 
 
 SOUTH RAILWAY ST., REGINA. 
 
 THE GLASGOW^HOUSE 
 
 The Leading Dry Goods House in 
 
 the City. 
 
 R. H. WILLIAMS, Prop. 
 
 Veterinary Snrg^eons ! 
 
 Ottoe acd Veterinary Hospital : 
 
 Cornwall Street, RSGINA. 
 
 ^•'i '"1 M. >■-" -" 
 
 */- 
 
.■-rt.,*i v;t'-i.'%1W!i vTS'ntii- !!**.■»*?(* 
 
 in 
 
 'c-'^^-h 
 
 I 
 
 A. MARTIN AND K. I'All/S BHICK lU.OCK. KEfJlNA. N.W.T. 
 
»^ | fr..r...^ ..^■.■-»-.:WLaJtfc,a«tnWK »Wli« 
 
 J. A. KERR, 
 
 PIONEER HARDWARE, 
 
 South Railway Street. 
 
 J A. MacCAUL, 
 
 THE ITONEEE, 
 
 LUMBER & COAL DEALER 
 
 — AND 
 
 Greiieral Insurance A.2:ent. 
 
 Office, Lansdowne Hotel Block. 
 
 South Railway Street, 
 
 Regina, N.W.T. 
 
 ROBERT MARTIN, 
 
 Druggist & Tobacconist 
 
 We carry the largest stock of Drugs, Patent Medicines, 
 Pert'ujuery, Toilet Soaps, Druggists' Sundries, Tobaccos, 
 Pipes, Cigars, Cigarettes, etc., in the Territories. 
 
PALMER HOUSE. 
 
 FIRST CLASS FARMERS' HOTEL. 
 
 Large and Commodious Sitting, Din- 
 ing and Bed Rooms with first 
 Class Bar in connection. 
 
 TTSTlls/La z 
 
 Sl.OO FER IDuA-T. 
 
 Smith Srcthcps. 
 
 THETANSDOWNE'' 
 
 Is now the finest Hotel between Winnipeg and the Mountains. 
 
 SOLID BRICK THROUGHOUT. 
 
 Equipped with every Modern Gonveni<^nce. 
 
 Luxuriantly furnished Parlors, and large, clean, comfortable 
 
 Bedrooms. 
 
 THE BEST BAR IN MANITOBA AND THE NORTH-WEST. 
 
 Excellent Sample Rooms for Travellers, Wash Room, eto. 
 
 F. ARNOLD, 
 
 Proprietor. 
 
 SETTLERS 
 
 Coming to the Regina District will 
 
 consult their own interests by 
 
 stopping at the 
 
 F. NASH, Proprietor. 
 
 
 p^::=: 
 
 Sfi^?.' 
 
 ^:^B^ 
 
 ^ \^. 
 
 riiK 
 
PHK SMITH A FFRcrssoX WIIOLESAl.K HAKDWARK. hE(;iNA. \ W T. 
 
 ►, 
 
THE SMITH & FERGIISSON GO. 
 
 (LIMITED.^ 
 
 stoves, Tinware, Paints, Oils, Glass, Coal, 
 
 Cutlery, Etc. 
 
 MANUFACTURERS AGENTS 
 South Railway Street, • - Regina, N.W.T. 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN 
 
 All Kinds of Produce. 
 
 — ALSO HANDLE — 
 
 S J^XiT &D B-A.OOIsr 
 
 Agricultural Machinery of all Kinds, 
 PUMPS & WINDMILLS. 
 
 All orders promptly attended to. 
 
 SOUTH RAILWAY STREET, - REGINA. 
 
 BERKMAN & BANNETT, 
 
 General Merchants and Dealers in Dry Goods. Notions, Pipes, Jewelry, 
 
 Watches, Cutlery, Clocks, Handkerchiefs, Shears, Woolens, Cottons, 
 
 Linens. Perfumery. Suspenders, Hosiery, Whips, Umbrellas. Laces, 
 
 White Goods, Underwear. Stationery, Purses, Optical Goods, 
 
 Hardware. Tinware, Wii'e Goods, Clothing, Overalls and 
 
 Pants, Silver-Plated Ware, IIouse-FumishinK Goods, 
 
 Walking Canes, B'urniture, Cigars. Tobacco, liltc. 
 
 CHEAPEST STORE IN THE NORTH-WEST. 
 
 CORRIflSPONDENCE:— Eugliah, German, French, Russian, Spanish. lUllan. 
 Sweden. Hungarian and all other civili^^ed languages. 
 
 South Railway St., Repina, 
 
 P.O. Box 126. 
 
THE STANDARD. 
 
 Pnblisliorl every Friday inorniiig Ity tho StamUii-d Publish- 
 ing (.'O'y. The leading Territorial Newspaper. 
 An excellent Advertisinji; Medium reaching 
 all parts of the North- West. Intending 
 emigrants should subscribe and learn 
 all about this country. 
 Sl.t.'t PER ANNUM iN ADVANCE. 
 
 J. K. McINNIS, Editor and Manager. 
 
 manl^BiCTs T 
 
 We have knocked the bottom clean out of high prices in 
 
 Dry (7fOods, (iroceries, Gents' Furnisliings, Hats & 
 
 Caps, etc., and are l)Ound to sell the 
 
 balance of our large stock at 
 
 COST PRK^ES. 
 
 The Colonization Store Co. 
 
 LAUNDRY ! 
 
 Washing and Ironing done at very 
 
 reasonable prices. 
 
 SOUTH RAILWAY STREET. 
 
 PIONEER 
 
 BRICK YARD I 
 
 ANDREW MARTIN, 
 
 Proprietor. 
 
 GENERAL BLACKSMITH. 
 
 
 '« 
 
 Repairing 'mi) Shoeing a Sj)ecialty. All work receives prompt attention. 
 
 s 
 
 B< 
 
 Soi 
 
 ?H 
 
Burton Brothers, 
 
 Merchant Tailors. 
 
 South Railway St., 
 
 Begina. 
 
 P. UMONT, 
 
 Books, Stationery, Fancy Goods, Wall 
 
 Papers. 
 
 Nanos and organs 
 
 At Eastern Prices. 
 South Railway Street, 
 
 Regina. 
 
 SWEET & McDONAiiD, 
 
 Saddle and Harnessmahers 
 
 Trunks, Valises, and all other 
 
 Articles in Connection 
 
 with the Trade. 
 
 FURNITURE 
 
 — AT — 
 
 ?s 
 
 R. B. Fergusson'S. 
 
 WHOLESALE & RETAIL. 
 
i/ 
 
 J. R. MARSHALL 
 
 MaNUFAOTL HKll AND DKALEIl IN 
 
 Waggons, Bnggifis, Carriages, Buckboards 
 
 ETO., ETO. 
 
 :o: 
 
 REPAIRING A SPECIALTY. 
 
 Baker and Oonfectioner. 
 
 Full Stock of Biscuits, Cakes, Candies, etc. 
 
 WEDDING CAKES made to order on shortost notice. 
 
 SOUTH RAILilTfrAY STREIET. 
 
 I.R. REILLY&CO., 
 
 Manufacturers and Dealers 
 
 IN ALL KINDS OF 
 
 BUILDING MATERIAL 
 
 -:o:- 
 
 NORTH RAIIalTVAY STRSEIT 
 
 ■ 
 
 FAl 
 
 FAl 
 
L 
 
 pds 
 
 r. 
 
 etc. 
 
 tice. 
 
 3T. 
 
 M 
 
 :x:t 
 
 IMPROVFO AND UNIMPROVED FARMS 
 
 Von «AI,K IN THK WKLI, KNOWN 
 
 REGINA DISTRICT, 
 
 For Cash or on Tiiiio. Apply to 
 
 W. C. FOWLER, 
 ^ O. P. R. AGENT. 
 
 J. S. DOIifAHUE:, 
 
 PIONEER FLOUR AND FEED STORE, 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, 
 
 South Railway St., RBGINA 
 
 A. U. WAIiDON, 
 
 CH£SmZST AlffD DRUGGIST. 
 
 :o: 
 
 Doalcr in 1 'arc Drugs, Clu'Diicals and Patent MiMlicines ; 
 Importer of SpoTujji-s, Englisli and Fi-encli Porfuin(;s, roilet 
 Articles, Hair, Tootli and Nail Bruslies, and Knglisli (Con- 
 fectioner \-. 
 
 SOUPH RAIL WAY S TREET, REQINA. 
 FARMS FOR^SALE^OR LEASE ! 
 
 FARM No. 1 is Vi inilcB south of Uegrina. Contains l.tiUO acres of very rich black 
 clay loamy land. 'I'herc iy on tliin fiinn 000 iuiivs under good cultivation, 
 one house, one large stable, two grain houses and other buildings. Will 
 lease fnr a term of years or sell. 
 
 FARM No. 2 is 1 mile from the Reginu station. CJontains 320 acres of land the 
 soil same as No. 1, with 40 acres under cultivation, one house, one st^ible, a 
 well and 3iX) small trees ; will lease or sell. This place is a fortune tea 
 young man, as it i^ so near the city. 
 
 KARftI No. 3 is joining the city of Regina, or will bo a city soon. It contains aO 
 acres, 40 acres undL"- cuUivalion, otic house, one stable and one well ; a 
 grand place for a milkinan ; will lease or sell. 
 
 FARM No. 4 is 3 miles south ; contains 320 acres, 15 acres broken. 
 
 Prices for the above mentioned lands vary from ?5 to $15 per acre. For further 
 particulars apply to 
 
 REMBLER PAUL. Regina. 
 
I Mim k k 
 
 I 
 
 Boots, Shoes and Clotliing. 
 Tiamks, Valises, Etc. 
 
 THE PIONEER HOUSE . 
 
 THEWINDSOR, 
 
 The Leading Family and Commercial 
 
 iSIOTIB 
 
 Of the Territories. 
 
 Nb'w a^nd Com/iLodious 
 In Connection. 
 
 MRS. DOIG, - Proprietress, 
 
 (SOUTH RAILWAY STREET 
 
 Jewelpy Store. 
 
 WITCHES, GLOGES, AND JEWELRY BEFAIRil). 
 
 I n 
 
 [ 
 
,,.^.._,,r-^=^.,.,^,,^m^mm-'<'>f^-s^^ 
 
 u 
 
 { 
 
 QUEEN'S HOTEL, 
 
 (Dii-ectly opposite the Station.) 
 
 
 TERMS : 
 
 $1,00 per day. 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL BUTCHER 
 
 — DEALER IN — 
 
 Poultry, Game, Fish, Etc. 
 
 Broad Street, - • - Regina. 
 
 PHOTOGRAPHS 
 
 Of all kinds from Minature to Life 
 
 Size. Out-door views and 
 
 pictures of Animals. 
 
 INSTANTANEOUS PROCESS. 
 W- F^B. JACKSON, ■ - REGINA , 
 
 W. 1. lONCWORTHY, 
 
 Livfry, Peed & Sale Stables. 
 
 (Adjoining the Windsor Hotel.) 
 
 BRO A^XD ST., 
 
 
> 
 
 y 
 
 tftJhat Vou rjl^ant 
 
 — IN - 
 
 BOOKS, STATIONERY, FANCY GOODS ANO WALL PAPERS 
 
 CAN BK Ha1> at - 
 
 BLACK'S BOOKSTORE. 
 
 Stock complete. Prices right. 
 
 <^II4S. H. Bli4€U, Corner South Railway & Rose Streets, 
 
 Retfina. 
 
 D. H. GILLESPIE 
 
 CyVtHY SALi m^ FEIPj OTAiLi§.t> 
 
 Horses and Cattle always on hand for Sale. 
 Cornwall and Eleventh .ivenue, - • Reeina. 
 
 REAL ESTATE. 
 
 Any person wishing; to purchase Town Lots in Regina, by 
 paying a small amount down and balance in month- 
 ly, quartei'ly or yearly payments, at reasonable 
 rate of interest, can have a chance of 
 dointr so bv addressing a letter to 
 C.A.M Lock BoxNo.432, Post Office, Regina. 
 
 ■VST. ]VC. OHIIIjID, 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 
 
 BUTCHER, 
 
 SOUTH RAILWAY ST. 
 
 Dealci in all kinds of Live Stock, Fresh and Cured Meats, 
 Fish, Game, etc., etc. 
 
 I 
 
fY:l| 
 
 L PAPERS 
 
 RE. 
 
 ise titreets, 
 
 i 
 
 or Sale. 
 
 Keeina. 
 
 E. 
 
 n Regina, by | 
 
 J month- I 
 
 Diiable ! 
 
 J of \ 
 
 X) ' 
 
 e, Regina. 
 
 UL 
 
 ;r 
 
 Cured Meats, 
 
I I 
 
 !■■# 
 
 \J^ih^;iSt0Ma-&i*im^iSik-^i'imiBe/-'- *'ir)l.^J^'tiiMi,&^Cti:^ii>^^ii/!S£^^*'i<-^'i-^ ' hCtW^JJ^jI 
 
 fl, 
 
 n 
 
Jja LOW, M.D.. CM.,' 
 
 Physioian, Surgeon & AceouGlieiir. 
 
 Broad Street - ■> - Re^na, N.W.T. 
 
 8G0TT & HAMILTON, 
 Barristers, Advocates, Solicitors, etc. 
 
 D. L. SCOTT, Q.C. 
 
 Scarth Street, 
 
 W. C. HAMILTON, Q.C. 
 
 Regina, N.W.T. 
 
 aT. MARSH, 
 • Land, Loan, Insurance and General Agent. 
 
 Scarth Street, - - - Regina, N.W.T. 
 
 JOHN SECORD, Barrister, Solicitor and Notary Public, 
 for the Noirth-West Territories. Real Estate boiigl^s., 
 and "sold OP. commission. Money to loan. „ *W/ 
 
 South Railway St., - - Regina, i^.l^JT.' 
 
 Y H. C. WILLOUGHBY, M.D., CM., 
 
 • Physician, Surgeon & Aooouclieur. 
 
 Scarth Street. - - - . Regina. N.W.T. 
 
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