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 NEW TORE AND ALBANY DAY LINE POR 1880. 
 Newt Stand Annonncement of the "Albanj" and the " Vibbard." 
 
 n 
 
 OUR NEWS STAND. 
 
 >» 
 
 HUDSON BIV£R MAP AND OUIDE.— The Hudion Biver Tourist will flud 
 tho Now Map of the River of great service. It indicates accurately all tbe promiueut resi- 
 dences and villas, the names and btiigbts of the mountains, towns, cities and villages. It is 
 nine feet long, handsomely bound, and folded iu a neat little book, Price SO Cciit«< 
 
 THE HUDSON BT DATLIO.HT G-tTIDE.— Complete description of tho Hudson 
 and routes to Lake George, Saratoga and the West. '224 pages. Price !I5 Cento. 
 
 TIME TABLE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 GUIDES FOR 1880. 
 
 TIME TABLE 
 
 or^HK 
 
 ALBANY&VIE 
 
 IBARD 
 
 th. 
 
 
 ALBANY & VIE 
 
 tiolnff Hou 
 
 IBARD 
 
 Goins Nor 
 
 ■ 
 
 th. 
 
 
 A. M. 
 
 HUDSON EIVER MAP. 
 
 
 A. M. 
 
 New York t 
 
 
 HUnSON BY DAYLIGHT. 
 
 Albany, 
 
 U.30 
 
 Vestry St., - 
 
 S.S"^ 
 
 HUDSON ILLUSTRATED. 
 
 Ilud^ou, 
 
 10.40 
 
 Mth St., 
 
 9.00 
 
 GUIDE TO WEST POINT. 
 
 Catakill, • 
 
 11.00 
 
 Nyack Ferry, 
 
 lO.'^S 
 
 
 
 F. M. 
 
 Weat Point. 
 
 11.30 
 
 GUIDE TO CATSKILL MOUNTAINS. 
 
 Rhinebuck, 
 
 12.<i3 
 
 
 p. M. 
 
 GUIDE TO SARATOGA SPRINGS. 
 
 Po'keepslo, 
 
 1.30 
 
 NewburKh, - 
 
 ia.«.i 
 
 GUIDE TO THE ADIROKDACKS. 
 
 Newbursh, - 
 
 it.l3 
 
 Fo'keepalc, 
 Bhinebeck. 
 
 1,13 
 !>.10 
 
 GUIDE TO WHITE MOUNTAINS. 
 
 Weat Point. 
 Nyack Ferry, 
 
 2.30 
 4.03 
 
 Oatskill, - 
 
 3.23 
 
 GUIDE TO NEW ENGLAND RESORTS. 
 
 New York 1 
 
 
 Hndaon, 
 
 3.43 
 
 APPLETOW'S NEW YORK ILLUST'D 
 
 Mth St., 
 
 3.30 
 
 .Albany, 
 
 6.10 
 
 GUIDE TO NEW YORK CITY. 
 
 Vestry St., - 
 
 3.30 
 
 -^PLZTON'S NEW TOBK 0IT7 IIXTTSTItATED.-OTer 60 fine views of 
 the prds^inent features of New York Oity. Price ttO Cenla. 
 
 WATSON*S aXJIDE ICAP TO STT3C1CER £ESOBTS ABOUND NEW 
 TOBK. Price, 95 Oenta. 
 
 THE NEW TOBK aUIDE.— Corrected dally. Latest Map of New York City. 
 Price lO Cent*. 
 
 FIELD AND OPERA GLASSES FOR SALE OR TO LET. 
 
 COZOMED GZAaSBS—Blae, Amber, Green and Smoked— for »« and SO Cents, 
 TBE PINK SnoOTINO GIASS-t great success— for gS Cent». Take a look 
 through the Glasses and save your eyes. 
 
 I* Thepatsmge> : qfthia Line willnot Is annoyed bynewsbogn. No books mid except at 
 tht news stand, where patsengert wtll /tnd eotirteout treatment and the newest books and 
 periodicals at publishers' prices. 
 
 ^S 
 
 <v 
 
 n 
 
■1 
 
 ^ 
 
 .... . Ill , i .".i i<i» «.fj|j{i:^._a - 
 
 FOR 1880. 
 
 ibbard." 
 
 r Tourist will flud 
 promluent rcsi- 
 ind vilUgei, It i« 
 SO Cent*. 
 
 itinn of tho Hudion 
 C'eniK. 
 
 IMK TABLI 
 
 OrTHK 
 
 lANY&VIBBARD 
 
 loins Houth. 
 
 ny, 
 
 on, 
 
 ■kill, 
 
 nebuck, 
 [cepslo, 
 'burffh, - 
 ■t Point, 
 ck Ferry, 
 'York I 
 iSt, 
 itrySt., . 
 
 A. M. 
 
 8.30 
 10.40 
 11.00 
 
 p. M. 
 
 12.23 
 1.30 
 2.13 
 2.30 
 4.03 
 
 3.30 
 3.30 
 
 tver 60 fine views of 
 BOtnWD NIBW 
 
 )f Hew York City. 
 
 LET. 
 
 fS and SO Centg, 
 nit. Take a look 
 
 booka sold except at 
 neweat book* and 
 
 ^f-ir'ay^ 
 
 \ 
 
 y 
 
 HUDSON RI 
 
 BY 
 
 Daylight. 
 
 
 NEW YORK TO ALBANY AND TROY, 
 
 CAT8K1LL MOUNTAINS, PITTSFIKLD, SAKATOOA SI'IUNOS, 
 
 LAKE CUAMPLAIN, Al'SABLK CHASM, PI^ATTSBUKOII, AI>IKONUACKi), 
 
 MONTREAL, PUFFALO, NIAOAUA FALLS, THOUSAND ISLANDS, HOWE's CAVE AND 
 
 KICHFIBLI) SPKINUS. PENNSVLVANIA HAILKOAD HOUTB 
 
 KKOM NEW rOBK TO PHILADELPHIA, HAKUISBUUC, 0ETTY8BUBG, 
 
 BAL'i'IMORF, WAaaiNGTON, PITT8BUK0H AND CHICAGO, WITH RUNNING SKETCH 
 
 FHOM CHICAGO TO OMAHA AND SAN FRANCISCO. 
 
 THE FIRST DK8CBIIT1VG ANALYSIS OF THE HUOSOM GVEB PUBLIBHEB. 
 
 Entertd according to Act of Congreu, in the year 1873, by 
 
 WALLACE BRUCE, 
 in the Office of the Librarian of Congrtt* at Waahington. 
 
 . / 
 
 f 
 
 PVBLItHBD BT 
 
 GAYLORD WATSON, 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 /■; 
 
 toTXjoT, soM a oc ■Lsomonpaaa, M vAtisiWAxsa m., m. t. 
 
 Jl, 
 
 A<^ 
 
 

 ^'^^ 
 
 THE " METROPOLITAN OPTICAL WORKS." 
 
 M. MILLER, 
 
 Manufacturing Optician, 
 
 IMPORTER, 
 
 MANUFACTURER ANO JOBBER OF OPTICAL GOODS 
 OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 
 
 We are the luge«t manufacturers of the celebrated 
 
 SELETON EYE-GLASSES AND SPECTACLES, 
 
 THE 
 
 LIGHTEST AND FINEST GOODS IN MARKET. 
 
 SOIjE depot for every yaricty of DBIVINQ and BEACH GLASSES. 
 
 .A.Gr:EaffT& SX7Z*X*XjXESX3. 
 
 QREENPOINT, also FULTON, NASSAU and 
 JOHN STREETS, NEW YORK. 
 
 FACTORIES:) 
 
 OFFICE AND SALESROOM, 
 
 86 NASSAU ST., N. Y. 
 For Sale at the News Stands on these Boats. 
 
 7-^ 
 
 'i 
 
 i I 
 
^KS." 
 
 lan, 
 
 GOODS 
 
 
 U and 
 
 , N. Y. 
 mts. 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■■■■5 
 Hi 
 
 '7 
 
 PARAGRAPH CONTENTS. 
 
 The Hudson Biver Guide Board, iudicatiog the prominent 
 features of the Hudson, occupy the first seventeen pages. 
 
 The Hudson Biver Description yrill be found between pages 
 twenty-three and aeventy-six, including the Tappan-Zee, the 
 Highlands, the Catskills, towns, cities, and everything of interest 
 to the tourist. 
 
 The route from Albany to Pittsfield will be found between 
 pages seventy-seven and seveuty-nine. 
 
 The route to Howe's Cave, Cooperstown, Bichfield Springs 
 and Bifighamton via Albany and Susquehanna Division of Dela- 
 ware and Hudson Canal Company, occupies pages eighty and 
 eighty-five, inclusive. 
 
 The route to the Thousand Islands, iNiagara Falls, via Ilion, 
 Utica, Trenton Falls, Syracuse, Rochester, and Cleveland, occu- 
 pies pages eighty-six and one hundred and one, inclusive. 
 
 The route from Albany and Troy to Saratoga Springs, Schroon 
 Lake and the Adirondack Bailroad, occupies pages one hundred 
 and two and one hundred and fourteen, inclusive. 
 
 The route to Lake George, Lake Champlain, the Ausable 
 Ohasm, Plattsburg, and Montreal, occupies pages one hundred 
 and fifteen and one hundred and thirty-three, inclusive. 
 
 The route from New York to Philadelphia, Harrisburg, Pitts- 
 burgh, Chicago, Omaha, Cheyenne, Denver, Ogden, Salt Lake 
 City, San Francisco, the Yo Semite, and Southern California, 
 will be found between pages one hundred and thirty-four and 
 one hundred and sixty-five, inclusive. 
 
 1\ 
 
 1 
 
 J 
 
^.y i fi n jp ptn i jm y ■ 
 
 j ^l ilWlpB I IW ^ W 
 
 ' -r^- 
 
 CIVIL, MECHANICAL, AND MINING ENaiNEERING 
 
 AT THE 
 
 The Oldest Engineering School in America. 
 
 NEXT TEBU BEOINS SEPTEUSER 16th. 
 
 The Kegister for 1880 containn a list of the graduates for the past 
 flfty-four yearn, with thoir poHitiona ; also, conrso of study, requirements, 
 expenses, etc. Address, 
 
 DAVID M. GREENE, Director. 
 
 BRYANT LITERARY UNION, 
 
 F. H. BRYANT, Manager. 
 
 "The Best Talent for the Least Money." 
 
 ALL LECTURE COMMITTEES, ASSOCMTIOJfS, or 
 IJ^DIVIDUALS, ivho contemplate a Lecture Course the 
 comuig season, will do well to send for a Circular of 
 this new I^eeture Bureau. Address 
 
 BRYANf' LITERARY UNION, 
 
 (Room 35) New Yoak Evening Post Building, New York City, 
 
 ;^ '.>> 
 
 ^ 
 
 i' 
 
 ^. 
 
 Steffi.-. 
 
' ilK ' n p 
 
 mmn .... 
 
 ^ ' :^ 
 
 Landmarks and Residences 
 
 OF THE 
 
 i' 
 
 HUDSON RIVER. 
 
 THE TOURIST GUIDE-BOARD, 
 
 \s the Hudson River Steamboats leave Pior 39, (or nny cf the down-lovm 
 piers below Canal Street), the following prominent Bnildings and Landmarks 
 can be seen by the Tourist ; 
 
 Trinity Church Sp.re, about half-a-milo from the Buttery the mo t graceful 
 Church spire in the City. 
 
 Wcsteni Union Telegraph Co., the next spire to the north. 
 
 St. Pmd's Church, north of the Western Union Telegraph Co., two blocks. 
 
 Post-Office, a large building with heavy dome and flag-staff. 
 
 Tribune Building, high pointed tower just north of the Post-Omce. 
 
 Brooklyn Bridge. The Piers of the New York and Brooklyn Bridge, joined 
 by large Cables, will be seen just north of the Tribune Building. 
 
 Old Laight Street Church, a graceful, poin'ed spire, east of Pier 39. 
 
 Stevetia' Castle will be seen on the west bank of the llivor, and above this the 
 Elysian Fields. 
 
 Twenty-fouHh Street Pier, up-town landing of the New York & Albany Day 
 
 Line. 
 
 Monastery of the Passioniat Fathers, large building of the St. Paul (London), 
 style of architecture, on the west shore above Iloboken. 
 
 Manhattan Market, close to the Pvivor bank on the New York side, at the foot 
 of 34th Street, with tower and clock. 
 
 St. Patrick's Cathedral. After passing Manhattan Market, the traveler will 
 
 3 
 
 Oolored Qlaiies For Bale at the H«#b Btand« of the Vibhard and the Drew. 
 
 i 
 
 
 
THE FRANK LESLIE 
 
 PUBLICATIONS 
 
 MOST POPULAR, 
 
 MOST INSTRUCTIVE. 
 
 MOST ENTERTAINING. 
 
 AIjTj PROFU8BLY ILZUSTBATEn. 
 
 The Frank Leslie Publiciitions may be obtuincd at every News 
 
 Depot, and on all Railway Trains and Steamboat 
 
 Lines in the country. 
 
 Subscriptions by mail should la addressed to 
 
 FRANK LESLIE'S PUBLISHING HOUSE, 
 63, 56 & 67 Park Place, 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 y 
 
 ■ IT'' 
 
 I/.' 
 
 ' I 
 
 ^, 
 
 \, 
 
 (P^isiMk 
 
TS. 
 
 ING. 
 D. 
 
 cry News 
 5at 
 
 > < 
 
 :<i f, 
 
 ISE, 
 
 YORK. 
 
 see, about u mile from the Itiver, the new Cathedral on Fifth Avenue and 
 Fiftieth Street. 
 
 Olil Striker Mansion, one of the old landmnrkn, cIobo to the River, iit the foot 
 of Fifty-second nud Fifty-third StreotH, ii white house half hidden in the trees; 
 the first woods or trees on the Eivnr north of the Batterv. 
 
 Wcvhawken, almost opposite, where the duel took plixco hotweeu Hamilton 
 iind Burr, in 180t. 
 
 ItostvfU IlospHdl, FUiy-ainiii Rtroot, » (pwrlcr of n mile from the River, with 
 n liigh, pointed spire. 
 
 OldJacoh Barker riac.e, ono ot the well-known names of 1812, is located at 
 the foot of Sov ntieth Street, above the larga Ora'u F.lovator of the New York 
 Central nud Hudson Jiivir Railroads, 
 
 JVcio York Orphtin Asylum, at Seventy-fourth Street. Threo-story building;, 
 of light-colored brick. 
 
 Cruttcnlcnj Brewery, largo flve-Ht(.jy white building, on the west bank, oppo- 
 site the Asylum. 
 
 Firtuindo Woods' lieatdence, north-east of the Now York Orphan Asylum, just 
 visible through the trees. 
 
 Shadyside Village, on the west sido. 
 
 House of Mercy, ou the bluff at E.^/uty-sixth Street, red brick building with 
 pointed windows iu the roof. A Hue drawn east from this point will pass 
 through the centre of Central Park. 
 ' The Old Waldo Place, in the trees near Ninetieth Street. 
 
 Striker's Bay, ou thoNew York side, north of Ninety-sixth Street. 
 
 Bloomingdale Jnsane Asylum. Largo building frontiug the Boulevard utltTth 
 Street. 
 
 Manhallanville, a city suburb in th-) neighborhood of 130th Street. 
 
 Lord Courienty Mansion, an old building on Manhattanville bluff (south side) 
 known for many years ns Jones' Shooting Gallery. The Shooting QoUery is re- 
 moved nnd the property la now n part of the Riverside Park. 
 
 Manhattan College. Large brick building at Manhattanville. 
 
 Convent of Sacred Heart. Large building east of Manhattan College. 
 
 Os. Ollendorfer'a Place, between 135th and 137th sts. 
 
 Mr. Oltendorfer's Pavilio'i, ou the bluff, jnat built, iu the moorish style of archi- 
 tecture, one of the notable landmarks on the eastern bank. 
 
 Colored Orphan, Asylum, dark colored brick building in the trees, one-half mile 
 from the River. The homes of Hamilton and Burr were in this vicinity 
 
 4 
 
 Tbo Oolored Qlatses relieve the Eyes from any Glare of Bunligbt. 
 
 r 'iiMiiii 
 
 •M 
 
 •<F<£.'Z ^. - m t i tm>ti i.\ I 
 
 iiiii.*»y«<» 
 
 !Vli|1| >ll> [i i ;f i lr i ltr f i| «ii,m|i> j» . i. i;« i « > 
 
/I 
 
 <•> ^s 
 
 ::iaiS{^v : a s;i feiLli:i^'>u.LUj.ui^t ii ' a-—^ 
 
 "'""^asssra^^g-:.-. 
 
s. 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■^•3 
 
 
 <* ia 
 
 > 1 • 
 
 CarniansvV'; (where Andubon, tiie great ornithologist lived), u city suburb at 
 152d Street, where you see a red building (sugar refine ry). 
 
 Biver House Hotel near the River, ou the New York side, once calledthe 
 Claremont Hotel. 
 
 Tillie Teudelen, on the west side, orposite Carmansville. Hotel, dock, &c. 
 Union Home and School, (for orphans of Soldiers and Sailors), red brick build- 
 ing with cupola, modern style of arcbit-cture, at 150th Street. 
 
 T)-inily Cemetery will be seen sloping back from 152d Street Station. Here are 
 
 buried John Jacob Astor, Robert Livingston, Robert Fulton, and many well 
 
 knovvL. in our early and later history . 
 
 Auduhon Park, north of Trinity Cemetery, named aiter the great naturalist. 
 
 New York InsiUutefor Deaf and Dumb, a lax-ge building of yellow Milwaukie 
 
 brick— v/ill accommodate 450 persons. Incorporat-^d 1817. 
 
 Fori Lee, about a mile above Tillie Teudelem. The site of the old fort is 
 marked by a white fence on the bluff. 
 Fort Lee Landivn. Large and new Pic-nic Houses, near the River. 
 Washington Hc'inhts, on New York side, between ISlst and 185lh Streets. 
 Almost oppof '"^ortLee. 
 
 Chevaux-de-x<>ize, at Fort Washington, 1776. 
 
 West End Hotel, a fine building near Fort Washington Station, a short dis- 
 tance from the River. 
 
 James Gordon Bennett's Residence will be distinguished among the irees, by 
 its gilded dome. Site of Ft. Washington near the residence. 
 
 Stewart Castle, now the property of Mrs. A, T. Stewart, a large stone stmo- 
 ture, (not seen coming up the River antil the steamboat is almost oppo- 
 site). 
 
 aaitendM Floce. Building wit J tower, north of Stewart Castle. 
 Innwood. A little station on the Hudson River Railroad, above the heights. 
 This place was known aa Tubbie Hook. 
 
 Palisade Mouniain Ho 'se, large building on the Palisades. The Palisades 
 extend for fifteen miles, i om Fort Lee almost to Piermont, a sheer wall of trap 
 rock from 300 to 500 feet "ligh. 
 
 Spuyten Dmjvd Creek, oi Harlem River, meets the Hudson at this point, form- 
 ing the northern boundary of New York Island. Origin of name explained in 
 Irving's Knickerbocker. 
 
 Seaman Marble Palace will be seen to the southeast while passing Spuylen 
 
 Dnyvel. 
 
 V -i 
 
 The Colored Glasies give a PUaiant Light, and are a Bnooe«s. 
 
 MkU 
 
 _l,.>UlJSMIJM»>»>A«Altot<-Jt'>'B!t i! l8 n-S; 
 
APPLETON'S GUIDE-BOOKS. 
 
 Appletons' Hand-Booh of Summer Resorts. 
 
 Bevised to the Suiamer of 1880. Illustrated. Large 12mo. Paper cover, 
 CO cents; cloth, 75 ct>nts. 
 
 Appletons' General Guide 
 
 TO THE UNITED STATES AND OANADA. An entirely new work. 
 Compiled on the plan of the famous Baedekeb Hand-Books of Europe. 
 AVilh Mnps find Illustrations. In three separate forms, viz.: 
 
 IN O.VE VOLUME, COMPLETE. 16mo, 801) pages. Koan, pockot form, Price, 82.60. 
 THE NEW ENGLAND AND MIDDLE STATES, AND CANADA. 1 vol., 2M page.'i. 
 
 Cloth, price, SI. 28. 
 TUE WESTERN AND SOUTHERN STATES. 1 vol., 2.'M paRcs. Clotli, price, t\.%^. 
 
 Appletons' Railway Guide. 
 
 Paper cover, 25 cents. Published monihly: revised and corrected to date. 
 
 iN'ew York Illustrated. 
 
 With 102 Illustrations and a Map of the City. The Illustrations and text 
 fully delinca'.ing the Elevated Railway system , Post-Oflace, and other Public 
 Buildings, Churches, Street Scenes, Suburbs, etc., etc. 4to. Puper cover, 
 price. CO cents. 
 
 The Hudson River Illustrated. 
 
 A Guide for Tourists. With CO Illustrations. 4to. Paper cover, 50 cents. 
 An indispensable work to those who desire to view the beauties of the Hud- 
 son. 
 
 Scenery of the TaciHc Railways and Colorado 
 
 With Maps, and 71 Illustrations. Paper cover, 75 cents; cloth, $1.25. 
 
 Appletons' Hand-Booh of American Cities. 
 
 Large 12mo. Illustrated. Paper cover, 50 cents; cloth, 75 cents. 
 
 \* mihtr of the above sent hy mail, post-paid, to any address in the United SUUes, 
 
 on receijyt of the price. 
 
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 ' > 
 
 '^A States, 
 
 I. 
 
 •w York. 
 
 Rlvcrdaie Station. First station on the Hudson Kiver Railroad ^bove Spuyten 
 
 ^TesLnce. of Wm. II. Appleion, Wm. E. Dodge, Jr., Perry It. Pine, and Bob- 
 
 ""'^M'ot Mount St. Vincent, largebrick building. The oastle-Uke structure 
 in front was built by Edwin Forrest, the Tragedian, (aow owned by the Con- 
 
 ^Zteph 8. Winston's Resvdmce, just north of lane running east and west. 
 This lane is the boundary line between New York and Yonkers. 
 
 Yonkers, a flourishing city -f residences, 17 miles from New York. 
 
 Occide^dal Grove, and Excelsior tfrooe-pic-nio grounds, opposite Yonkers, on 
 
 the Jersey bank. . .,. . _.. i_i__ 
 
 Alpine Grove PavUlon, just north of Excelsior ^rove. bmlt at Stapleton. 
 
 Staten Island, by the late Commodore Garner, and presented by him to the New 
 
 York Yacht Club. It was floated up from Stapleton m May, 1878. 
 
 fflen«,ood, just north of Yonkers, and a part of the city. The fine residences 
 
 north near the Kiver. are J. B. Colgate's and J. B. Trevor s. 
 G. JL LUienihaPs Residence, large building with square tower, half-mile from 
 
 *''ji'r! Waring s Stone Man.^ion, owned by J. J. MoComb, the next residence 
 with tower north of Lilionthal's. ^ 
 
 J. K. Miier's large residence, next with tower north of Wanng s. 
 
 Sprlnn Hill Groye, and Dudley' j Grove. Picnic resorts, south of Hastings. 
 Indian Head, opposite, is the highest point of the Paluades. 
 
 Hastirxgs.on4U.nudson. Buius and chimneys of .ugar factory near the 
 
 ^Dr'nuyler's Qock Tower and WindmiU, a short distance aboTe the ruins. 
 
 David Dudley Fidd^s Besidenc*, a stone house above Hayler's, 
 
 DM's Fhry, a fine vUlage named after an old Swedish ferryman. 
 
 Piernwnt, with its long pier, on the west side, almost °PPO«»*«;. JJ" J" 
 once the terminus of the Erie Kailroad. and marks the boundary-lme between 
 New York and New Jersey. 
 
 Cottlna Place, known as " NuOs," on east bank, built of stone ^'''"g^ J'T 
 France. Easily distinguished by light shade through the trees. Cyrus W. 
 Field's residence, not seen from the Bi\or. , „ . * ti,o 
 
 George L. Sr.huyler's Reside,ice, just above. A fine old Mansion, one of the 
 pleasantest sites on the Hudson. 
 
 Opwa QlauM Tor Bale and lo Ltt at Ktwi Stead. 
 
PO T N T 8 
 
 Our large and attractive 
 stock of Fine Clothing for 
 Men and Boys should com- 
 mand the attention of every 
 purchaser of Clothing at re- 
 tail in New York. 
 
 Our facilities for Custom 
 Work are unequaled. 
 
 Devlin & Co., 
 
 Broadway & Warren St. 
 
 UTEW TORK. 
 
■—lii.iiinwaji— imwipi 
 
 
 LCtive 
 gfor 
 com- 
 ivery 
 atre- 
 
 stom 
 
 I 
 
 ••Nevis," Col. James A. Hamilton's Place, seen through the trees, almost east of 
 Mr. Schuyler's. 
 Joseph Stiner's Eesidence is easily distinguished by its largo dome. 
 David Dow's Residence, an elegant mansion of stone, with the finest lawn on 
 the River. 
 
 Irvinglon, the next station above Dobb's Terry, noted for its beautiful resi- 
 dences. 
 
 CmningJiam Castle. High pointed tower on hill northeast of Irvington. 
 Sitnnyside. Washington living's beautiful home on the Hudson, just visible 
 through the trees close to the Biver, about a half-mile north of Irvingtou Sta- 
 tion. 
 
 James II. Banker's Place, northeast of Sunnyside. 
 
 Jay Gmild's Hesidence, known as "Lyndehurst '-the most prominent 
 landmark of the Hudson. Hot-house with cupola to the noith. 
 Joh7i, T. Terry's Fine Residence, north of Jay Gould's. 
 Biersladi's Residence, north of Cunningham Castle. The residence east of it 
 is Halsted's , of the firm of Halsted, Haines & Co. 
 
 Nyack. Opposite Tarrytown. (In the channel the ferryboat connects vrith 
 the Day Line. ) The large building a litUe south of the village is the Eockland 
 Female Seminary. 
 
 Prospect House, formerly Palmer House, large hotel on the hill back from 
 NyacJc, a magnifloent site. 
 
 J. R. Bradley's Cottage. "A Bonnie Brown Cottage that stands on tbe Hill 
 just north of Prospect House. ^ 
 
 Com. TTOiam Voorhis. Large white residence just north of Mr. Bradley s. 
 Rainapo McmtUains. Above Nyack, on the west side • known by naviga.^ors 
 08 ihe Hook, or Point-no-Point. They lie in little headlands, 500 or 600 feet 
 high, and reach most of the way from Nyack to Haverstraw. (The point is, m 
 fact, an Ulusion; was once called Verdrietege's Hook; now sometimes styled 
 Kockland Lake Point.) 
 
 Tarrytoion, one of the historic and poetic towns of the Biver, on east 
 
 shore. . , ^ i. 
 
 Sleepy Hollow, just north of Tarrytown . The burial yard monuments can be 
 
 seen through the trees. ,. -n . * * n 
 
 The Old Dutch Church can be seen as we approach Kingsland s Pomt, follow- 
 ing with the eye close to the Eiver to the southerly point of Sleepy HoUow 
 burial yard. 
 
 7 
 
 Look at the Mew English Bhootlng Qlaai. 
 
 - ■j ; ''giSg tag 'r 
 
 ^j„ii^ 
 
. — • .y- jtrMW^I t, '"— Hf ^^'V' 
 
 HARPER'S PERIODICALS 
 
 HARPER'S MAGAZINE. 
 
 An orchard of choice fruits and a garland of beauteous 
 flowers. — iV. F. Stcn. 
 
 HARPER'S WEEKLY. 
 
 Harper's Weekly is not excelled by any like publication 
 in this or any other country. — Boston Transcript. 
 
 HARPER'S BAZAR. 
 
 Harper's Bazar is a repository of current thought, event, 
 and society, on Avhich labor and capital have both expended 
 their best efforts. — Observer, li. Y. 
 
 HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. 
 
 Harper's Young People has come to be the leading paper 
 for juvenile readers. — Troy Budget. 
 
 HARPER'S PERIODICALS FOR 1880. 
 
 Harper's Magazine, one year $4.00 
 
 Harper's Weekly, one year 4.00 
 
 Harper's Bazar, one year 4.00 
 
 Harper's Young People, one year 1.50 
 
 Address HARPER & BROTHERS, 
 
 Franklin Square, New York. 
 
LS 
 
 eauteous 
 
 Plication 
 
 t, event, 
 xpeuded 
 
 \g paper 
 
 BO. 
 
 . . $4.00 
 ... 4.00 
 ... 4.00 
 , .. 1.50 
 
 IS, 
 
 ; York, 
 
 Kingaland's Point. Besidences of A. 0. Kingsland and gona, beautifnl 
 wooded point, known as Pocantico. 
 
 Fremont Place, now the property of Geo. L. Kingsland, ianot seen from the 
 Biver. 
 
 Mrs. WUr.am If. A.ipinwaU's Residence, an elegant brown mansion with tower 
 and flag-staff, one of the prominent landmarks of the Hudson. 
 
 Johnny Bean's and "his own Mary Ann." Nenr tho Eiver, below Mrs. Aspin> 
 wall's, and a little to the north, is tho place where Juhuuy Dean met "his own 
 Mary Ann." 
 
 Treason Hill. North of Ha/erstraw, where Arnold ar.d Andro met, at tho 
 house of Joshua Hctt Smith. 
 
 Sintj Sing. On east side, six miles above Tarrytown. Tlio white buildings 
 near tho Iliver-bank, south of the yillago, are the State Prison. 
 
 Rockland Lake. Almost opposite on the west bank, between two hills. This 
 is the source of the HackenBack Kiver, and the great ice-quarry for Now York. 
 
 Crolon River, on the east bank, meets the Hudson about one mile above Sing 
 Sing, where you see the drawbridge of the Hudson Kiver Bailroad. 
 
 Oroton Point, Jnst above Croton River, 
 
 Teller's Point. That part of Croton Point which juts into the Hudson. Here 
 is Underbill's grapery, and this point separates Tappan Zee from Haverstraw 
 Bay. 
 
 Haverstraw Bay. Passing Teller's Point we pass into Haverstraw Bay, Here 
 the Biver is almost five miles wide ; the mountain on tho west tide is High 
 Tom. 
 
 Haverstrate, on west side, with two miles of brick-yards, reaching almost to 
 Grassy Point. 
 
 Stony Point, a mile above Grassy Point, on west side. Tho Light-house is 
 built on the site of the old Fort, and in part , of the same material. 
 
 Verplank^s Point on east shore, full of brick-yards. It was here Baron Steu- 
 ben drilled the soldiers of 1776. 
 
 Tompkins Cove. Prominent Besidences indicated on the Map. 
 
 Seylmakera' Reach, one of the old reaches of the Hudson. A person looking 
 north from this point sees no break in tho mountains to mark the course of the 
 Biver. 
 
 PeeksMll, on the east bank, -pleasantly located. 
 
 Kidd's Poittt. Now called Caldwell's Landing, on west side. The steamer 
 turns this point almost at right angles, aud enters the Highlands. 
 
 8 
 
 QlftBseai Blue, Oreeu and Ambwi For Sale at News Stand. 
 
^^ 
 
 ^VOORT Ho^^ 
 
 % 
 
 FIFTH AVENUE, 
 
 KI oa,!" "Wrx-slaixistoix Sc^-u-ar©, 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 A quid Hotel, with a Rc:tattrant of peculiar excellence; its patrons 
 are of the best families of this country and Europe. 
 
 -^ 
 
 > I < 
 
 0. B. Waite, 
 
 Proprietor, 
 
 

 patrons 
 
 K t 
 
 3. 
 
 oprietar. 
 
 Dumlerherg, or Dunderbarrnck, a mountain ou west bank, about 1,000 fee 
 high. Jliiailo Mountain on the east. 
 
 lona Island. Grapery, and fine pic-nio grounds. 
 
 The Race. The river channel is so termed by nr gators, between lona Island 
 and the east bauli. 
 
 Anthony's Nose. Prominent feature of the RlTtr, 1,500 foet high. The rail- 
 road tunnel is near tho Kiver. In front of tunnel a hole in the rock. Here 
 was fastened one end of the chain that was thrown across the channel to ob- 
 struct British ships during the Revolution. 
 
 Mo7it<jomery Greek, on west side, empties into the Hmlson about opposite the 
 point of Anthony's Nose. 
 
 Fort Clinton was on tho south side of this Creek, and I'hH Montijoineiy ou the 
 
 north side. v -j * vr * 
 
 Highland Lake, about one mile in circumference, on the south aide of Mont- 
 gomery Creek. The site is marked by an ice-house. 
 
 Sugar-Loaf. Turning Anthony's Nose we get a good view of Sngar-Loaf 
 Mountain to ihe north. Cone-shaped, like Ailsa Crag, between Belfast and 
 
 Glasgow. 
 
 Beverly Dock, on east bank, where Arnold fled to the ''Vulture." A Uttle boat- 
 house now marks the point. 
 
 Hamilton Fish has a residence ou the blufif under Sugar-Loaf. A brick b ouse, 
 
 with flat roof. 
 
 Residences, John Bigelow, J. Pierpont Morgan , Alfred PcU, Col.Arden, the 
 Phillipse Manor House, H. W. Belcher, &c., can be seen from the steamer. 
 
 ' ' Benny Havens, Oh!" As the steamer approaches Cozzen's Landing we see 
 a small two-story house, with verandah. Here sti'.l lives Benny Havens, the 
 original of the West Point and College songs. 
 
 Parry House, now used as an academy, near the Kiver. Picturesque ruins 
 of au old mill in front. 
 
 Builermilk FaUs. A cascade above the ruin. 
 
 Cozzen's Hotel, On a rock two hundred feet above the River. Highland Falls 
 Village lies behind tho blufif. (Not seen from the River. ) 
 
 Cozzen's landing. A romantic road cut through tho rock leads from the land- 
 ing to tho hotel. 
 
 West Point Landing. A short mile above Cozzen's Landing. Academy, 
 Govcrnmeut Buildings, Parade Grounds, Ac, on the finest elevation on the 
 Hudson. The building with dome is the Library. 
 
 9 
 
 See the Hadaon EigUandB tluongh the Bine oi Amhei Glui. 
 
UNITED STATES HOTEL. 
 
 NEWBURGH, New York. 
 
 Tha only Fird-vlass JTulel in Newhunjh. Avcomviodaiions for 200 
 
 Gui'Hix. Situated near the Steamljoal Lnndivg. In full view of 
 
 the Iludwn River. Only *t.c blocks from Washington's 
 
 Head-Quarters. Fassengers have time to take dinner 
 
 and return by Afternoon Steamer. Dinner served 
 
 on arrival of all Steamers. Firsl-Class in all 
 
 its appointments, and at 2Jopular jjrices. 
 
 ^ i 
 
 The excursionist, iu taking dinner at thin Hotel, will have opportujity to 
 enjoy the Hudson Highland and tho beautiful bay of Newburgh. 
 
 %^ .-#, 
 
 I DiiifiiiMiinai'iWfV I 
 
 ' VaW |q BJlgl ' U ' ^il.UB4llLJB g!a!8teS^' " 
 
^EL. 
 
 s/or 200 
 iieiv of 
 m's 
 
 srtujity to 
 
 Gnrrhnn. Oppomte WcHt Point, on east bnnk. 
 
 The JliijIUanil House. On east side, nbout hnlf a mile from the Riyer, on n 
 nia^'uifli'ont platcftu, inclosed by Ibo North and South liodoubt MouutaiuH, In- 
 dian F.dlu in the vicinity. 
 
 Kosviusco'a itminmcnt. 8ocn on tho west side, above West Point Tjauding. 
 
 F\)7i rnlnam, COO fott high, ovorlookg the River, on the woHt side. A gray 
 and vetoran rniu of '70. 
 
 West Point Lighthunsi; The Hudnon here turns n right anglo. AVest Point 
 Hotel has a Hue look off to the north. West Point Villnge r.rouud the Point. 
 
 Constihilion Island, opposite the Point. Here are also seen luins of '7G, Near 
 the River, homo of Miss Warner, author of "Queechy" and "Tho Wide, Wide 
 World," - a neat white cottage, surrounded by trees , above tho boat-house. A 
 chain was also thrown across from this Island to West I'oint. 
 
 The Two lirolheva. Twin rocks above Constitution Island, covered in high 
 water. 
 
 Old Oro'-Xeat Mountain, On west side, above the Point, 1,41H feet high. 
 Scene of Rodman Drakc'.i "Culprit Fay.'' 
 
 Kldd's Plug Cliff. The precipice fronting the River, toward the northern 
 peak of Cro'-Nest. 
 
 Cold Spring, On east bank, opposite Old Cro'-Nest. 
 
 Vndcrcliff. A short distance north of Cold Spring, once the home of Geo. P. 
 Morris, on an elevated plateau above the River. 
 
 Mount Taurus, or Bull Hill, above Undercliff. 
 
 Little Stony Point, Under Mount Taunis. Named from resemblance to 
 Stony Point, south of the Highlands. 
 
 Break Neck. Above Mount Taurus, on the east side. Hero was once the 
 Turk's Face, now blasted away. It is said a man did it in spite, and was soon 
 after "blown up" himself. 
 
 Storm King, On west bank, above Old Cro'-Nest. It was once known as 
 Butter Hill, and ^onrs ago as Klinkersbcrg. Its present name was given by 
 Willis. This is the highest point of the Highlauds— over 1,600 feet. 
 
 Beacon Hill is now seen on the east bank, after passing Break Neck— about 
 1,471 feet high. 
 
 Fi.i]ikill Mountains trend off to the northeast, across the southern part of 
 Duchess County. 
 
 Cornwall, with its pleasant Summer Homes, on west side above Storm King. 
 
 Philip B, Verplank's Place, just above Plum Point, or the Point above Corn- 
 
 10 
 
 s-l 
 
 Tkkt a Look at and Ihiongh the Colored Olaiiei. 
 
 atatta 
 
 '■IBrV' '^^^ 
 
"iHdlapensaMe In Ihx TAhrary, Cln i/yman, J^uryrr, Phyalclnn, Bflltor, Traehiv, 
 Student, and all of any cnlUng in Ufe teho drairf knowlfiage," 
 
 THE AMERICAN REPRINT 
 
 or THE 
 
 (NINTH EDITION.) 
 
 Edited by THOMAS SPENOER BAYNES, LL.D., eto. 
 
 "CoBYBHiBiii, coipacl in [on, aM acoordani wiili tti6 tastes of American Book Buyers." 
 
 This great work is boyond oompartion Biiperlor In Its elaborate and oxhauitlve character 
 to all similar works. The contributors are the most distliiKiiisliPd and original tblnkers and 
 writers of tbo present and of the past. This issue is the uiulh revision in a space of over on* 
 hundred years since its inception, and this reprint— a copy lu every particular of the lirltlsh 
 edition— is the best and cheapest work ever off en d to the American pnople. The articles are 
 written in a most attractive style, and the quantity of matter In eiicb volume is one-th rd 
 areater per volume than in any other cyclopsBdia sold at the same rates The work contains 
 thousands of engravings on steel and wood, and is printed from entirely new typo made ex- 
 pressly for it. ft will be comprised in twenty.one imperial octavo volumes. 
 
 Sold only by Subscription. For Specimen pages apply to the FubUshers. 
 
 Extra Cloth, per vol., $5.00; Lib, Leather, $6.00 i Half Turkey Morocco, $7.00 i 
 Half Calf, gilt back, extra, $8.00 1 Full Turkey Morocco, gilt, extra, $1 0.00. 
 
 J. M. STODDART & CO., 
 
 727 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 
 
 Mo. 54 WOKTH STREBT, NEW YORK. 
 
 Mo. 18 > K. aDAMH street, CHICAGO, IL.I.. 
 
 - if)/j^iMKii»mniiiJi>.a."' >*'^ 
 
 ' "■ • tm i fajni. „iiuiLum 
 
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 etc, 
 
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 lishers. 
 
 CO, $7.00; 
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 ilphia. 
 
 tf. mik\mm » m [ «tn> 
 
 wall Landing. Hero aro eiirth works (Htill well preBervod) tor iluftinoo of a 
 cLuvoux ddfrizo which extended from rullopelH iMlaudaoroHB toward the earth 
 works. It w.i* composed of iv irib of timl)LT from wliiih extended three Npaua 
 armed with iron poiutn. The (uilm were ttlled with Btnnes and suuW. 
 
 Site of Was)iinijt(m'H /fM(/-y»aW«T.i, 177i> and 1780, just above Miss M.Mil- 
 ler's resldonoe, or the Boeouu above Philip B. Vorpliink h. 
 
 Post mil. The bill west of Miss MillerV hoe been known for many years as 
 
 Tost Hill. , .. . , , 
 
 I'otlopel'ti Island at upper iwrtal of the Highlands, near the east bank. 
 
 tt'orrygut, the river channel between Oro'-Nest and Ureak Neck, just south of 
 PoUopel's Ihltiud. 
 
 Cornwall and West Point Road, aptly styled the Oornicho Road of America, 
 passes over th.i mouutains to West Point, admirably suited (or coaching, horso- 
 baok riding, or pedestrian tours. 
 
 iMke. System (if the HUjhlnnds. now hardly known to the general traveler, is 
 soon to bo the trip of the Hudson tourist, or the seeker after health and pleas- 
 ure. Over forty lakes are clustered within rv radius of ten miles. 
 
 Idlewihl, made famous by the per of N. P. Willis, will be seen one mile above 
 Cornwall Landing, partly hidden in the trees and bordered on the north by a 
 
 ravine. 
 
 Veio Windsor, on west side, about 4 miles north of Cornwall, once the rival 
 of Newburgh ; now a brick-yard. 
 
 Newhurijh Bay. The Eiver here widens into one of the finest bays on the 
 
 Hudson. ... , ^L .1 iL 
 
 Washington's Head- Quarters. As the boat approaches the city, we see the 
 
 Head Quarters of Washington; a flag-stafif marks the point. The old building 
 is also seen with tall chimneys and steep roof almost sloping to the founda- 
 tions. 
 
 Newburgh Cdy. Eising in natural terraces. 
 
 Fislikill Landing. On east (.ida opposite Newburgh. 
 
 Low Point, oi Carthage. On east side above Fishkill. 
 
 Devils Dana Kammer, where Hendriuk Hudson one evening witnessed the 
 first Pow Wow, (now covered with cedars). The fine residences of Mr. Eiver 
 and Mr. Hall are on the east bank, above Low Point. 
 
 New Uambwrgh, above Low Point, on the east side at the mouth of Wap- 
 pinger's Creek. 
 
 Hampton Poird, opposite New Hamburgh. Here are the finest white cedars 
 
 on the Eiver. 
 
 II 
 
 Th» Oolortd QUii ii Qood for River, Konntaln and Seaside Scenery. 
 
 ■ j wa dU-vujj tfw*' 
 
wj-:4 
 
 ^j i f ¥ <!<w* w ^if'i»ifi*ra*y ^!" '? - 
 
 KENMORE 
 
 This HOTEL is located on North Pearl Street, convenient to 
 Post Office, Capitol and Depots. 
 
 0&' With Elevator, and all modem appliances for Elegance 
 and Comfort. 
 
 M&' Hot and Cold "Water, Steam Heaters, and Telephone, 
 connecting vriih office, in each room. 
 
 This Hotel, both as to Building and Furnishing, is entirely 
 aevi, and 'will be conducted as a first-class house in every respect. 
 
 ADAM BLAKE, Pbopbietor, 
 ■ , ■ :? ^ Albany, y, I\ 
 
 — J >Mg>wMi'jait'M''i-'*' ' " 
 
 i^goAlsm 
 
 ^^4.". 
 
1 
 
 invenient to 
 
 or Elegance 
 
 Telephone, 
 
 , is entirely 
 very respect. 
 
 lETOR, 
 
 !>any, y, 1\ 
 
 Irving Grinnell's liesidmce, " Neiherieood," just distinguished through the 
 trees near the River bank — one of the finest residences and grounds on the 
 Hudson. 
 
 "The Cedars." Residence and grounds of Dr. James Lennox J3anks, with 
 high tower, seen for many miles north and south. 
 
 The Van RessenlMT, OT Clinton Plaae, just north. The house was burued 
 several years ago, and never re-built, 
 
 Bamegai, "the finished city." 
 
 "Mkhorn," residence of Prof. Richard H. Bull, on a hill east of Bamegat. 
 Large building with tower. 
 
 Shawangunk Mountains, on the west side, reach away in the distance toward 
 the Catskills. 
 
 Milton. The raspberry and strawberry town, on west side above Marlbor- 
 ough. 
 
 Relic of 76, aa old jjable house south of Milton, close to the River bank, now 
 owned by Mrs. Benjamin Townsend. It is said that the British, on their way 
 to Kingston, paid it the respect of sending a cannon shot through the roof. 
 
 Pine BUI. Residence of the Misses Johnson. The old Pine Tree, now partly 
 broken, a landmark for many years well known by the River pilots. 
 
 Locust (trove. Home of the late S. P. B. Morse, with square central tower, 
 and open outlook on the River. 
 
 SovihiBOod, second residence above Locust Grove, home of William M. Good- 
 rich. The hill to the northwest, styled Enmegobah, an Indian word, signify- 
 ing ''fine presence. " 
 
 Poughkeepsie Cemetery, on east side; old Livingston Place directly above on a 
 wooded point; near by a large rolling mill. 
 
 Poughkeepsie, 74 miles from New York. Queen City of the Hudson. Situated 
 for the most part on a plateau about 200 feet above the River. 
 
 liiverview Military Academy. Large brick building on a fine eminence. 
 
 Buckeye Mower Manufactory, Adrianoe, Piatt & Co., proprietors. Fine build- 
 ing, near the River bank. 
 
 Kaal Bock, near Poughkeepsie Landing. Its name pignifies Barren Rock. 
 
 Vassar Brewery. "Louse white buildings ab*ve the landing. 
 
 New Path Landing, opposite Poughkeepsie. The west banks here are also 
 fine and picturesque. 
 
 Poughkeepsie Bridge, when completed, will be ou^of the most prominent 
 features of the River. 
 
 12 
 
 The Oolored GImi relievei one of the Headaohe ) alio, of 60 or 76 oenti. 
 
■ v-// *»;4ii".'»«3i*, ■ 
 
 CHARLES MILLER, 
 
 (SQCCessor to &. ¥, THOEI!!!,) 
 
 Nenir 
 
 Tork. 
 
 MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN 
 
 CABINET AND STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS OF 
 SCENERY, WORKS OF ART, 
 
 AND 
 
 CELEBRITIES. 
 
 I '.*:. N 
 
 
 A large asfsortment of Sterooscopic and Cabinet Views 
 of HUDSON RIVER, NEW YORK, CENTRAL PARK, 
 GREENWOOD, NIAGARA, CONEY ISLAND, etc., etc. 
 
 ALSO, 
 
 8xlO Views of New York City 
 and Vicinity, 
 
 Mounted or Un- mounted. 
 
 iii w i|> Ml lwlW I J> H^ I ^ ■ 
 
 1 W UL I UJ 
 
/^*««*^fSMit»- 
 
 m, 
 
 ork. 
 
 IF 
 
 it Views 
 PARK, 
 etc. 
 
 Rosehia, Residence ofS. M. Buckingham, with tower, just visible through the 
 trees. This was the old Vassar Homestead. 
 
 The Lawn, also the property of S. M. Buckingham, adjoining Bosehill on the 
 south. 
 
 Dr. Edward L. Beadle's Residence with a fine outlook on the Hudson. 
 
 John T. Hume's Residence, north of Dr. Beadle's, (tower and four windows 
 in French roof.) The one nearer the Biver, with tower, is the property of 
 
 Henry Myers. 
 
 College Ml Residei.ce, in Parthenon style of crchiteoture. formerly a school. 
 
 John F. Wmslow's Residence, one of tha finest on the Kiver. Seen through 
 the trees on the east side. Fine grounds and hnt-house. 
 
 Thomas Nemhold's Place, a prominent house near the River, above Mr. Wins- 
 low's. 
 
 Poughkeepsie Water W<yrks. The water is forced from the Eeservoirs near 
 the Kiver to a large Reservoir on Academy Hill, or as it is sometimes called. 
 
 College HUl. 
 
 Hudson Bluer State Hospital. Large building of red brick, on the Hyde Park 
 Road, north of Mr. Winslow's. The Hyde Park Road, a section of the old 
 post-road between New York and Hyde Park, is noted as the finest drive on the 
 continent. 
 
 WUliam C, Smillie's Besidence. A cozy cottage with a square tower, seen 
 through a glade or opening of the forest trees on the east bank. 
 
 J. Rosevelt's Residence, B.ho\e Mr. Wm. C. Smillie's Place. 
 
 R Butler's Place, above Mr. Rosevelt ; also an important country seat. 
 
 .John B. Garland's Residence, a short distance south of Hyde Park, on a com- 
 manding site. The course of the River seen from verandah many miles to the 
 
 south. 
 
 George T. Hoffman's Residence, north of the estate of the ?ate Daniel S. Miller. 
 
 The Pines. The property of J. A. Stoutenburgh, not seen from the River. 
 
 Hyde Park, on east side, six miles north of Poughkeepsie. Connected with 
 Poughkeepsie by a succession cf villas; the finest driva in the country. 
 
 Walter Langdon's Residence, Mrs. Kirkpatrick's and N. P. Rogers, are north 
 of Hyde Park, on the east side. Mr. Langdon's place is known as "Hyde 
 Park." Mrs. Kirkpatrick's as "Drayton House." Mr. Rogers' as "Placentia." 
 
 Manresa Institute, large building above Crum Elbow on west side. 
 
 Dyke Mate, above Manresa Institute, square house with square tower, yel- 
 lowish shade. 
 
 4. R, Frothingham. Grecian Portico with columns. 
 
 «3 
 
 Oolortd OlMsea good for Biver, Hoimtaiii and 8ea-8ide Boentr 
 
V < 
 
 DRS. STRONG'S REMEDIAL INSTITUTE, 
 
 SA.RA.'TOO^ 8PRI1VG8, IST. Y. 
 
 Popular Summer Resort. Also, Open all the Year. 
 
 TEBflS BEDUCES. 
 
 It is beantifiillT located In close proximity to tlio piincipU Springs, Hotels, and Park, 
 with ample groands, elegant and complete in all appointments. It is the resort of leading 
 men in Chnroh and State, for roet an(f recreation, as well as treatment. Among ita patrons 
 are Dr. T. L. Cuyler; Ex-Qov's Wells and Boardman; Blsliops Simpson, Robinson, 
 Harris, Haven, Foss. Foster, &c. ; College Presideuts Clmdlmrne, Tuttle, Payne, Paris, ha.x 
 Medical Professors Armor, Boss and Knapp, and others eiiunlly well known. Tlie parlor is 
 furnished with an organ and Steinwfly Parloi-Grnnd Tinno for tlio benefit of gncsf s. The 
 house is free from the objeotionablu fenturo of invalidism, and abounds in means of amuse- 
 ment. Tlie I " .ardlng department is of tlie highest order. 
 
 Patients flora tlie South and warmer climates, who have spent the winter here, give 
 decided preference to this climate. There is scarcely any disease but may bo benefitted, 
 more or loss, by some one of the Cathartic, Diuretic, Alterative, Alkaline, or Tonic Spring 
 Waters, which are equally efficient in winter as iu summer. 
 
 The proprietors are graduntcs of tlio Medical Department of N. T. TTniverslty. The 
 Institute is furnished with every comfmt and npplianc3 for the treatment of Nervous, Lnng, 
 Female and Chronic Diseases. Among the agents employed are TUKKISH, RUSSIAN, 
 BOMAN, SULPHUR AND ELECTROTHERMAL BATHS, OXYGEN AND MEDI- 
 CATED INHALATIONS, COMPRESSED AND RARIFIED AIR. GALVANIC AND 
 FaRADIC ELECTRIClTr. CALISTHENICS, &c., iS.c. SEND FOR CIRCULAR. 
 
 ^•< 
 
 \'A 
 
 K 
 
 - ammmitk i mUM MS ^MiM. gj i J««»»tOT i «w-a<'.«tt) i! » . t» i Ma i ii r i.Ti i B»iwi'-» i» )« 
 
I 
 
 I 
 
 UTE, 
 
 lar. 
 
 , and Park, 
 t of leadiiiK 
 : its patrons 
 , RobiUBon, 
 , Park, kc: 
 'lie parlor is 
 ucsfs. The 
 a of amuse- 
 
 : here, give 
 henentted, 
 onic Spring 
 
 rsity. The 
 vous, Lnne, 
 RUSSIAN, 
 ND MEDI- 
 .NIC AND 
 ILAB. 
 
 ^•^ 
 
 John Burroughs brown stone Cottage. 
 
 Alexander Holland's Residence, formerly residence of John Jacob Astor, En- 
 glish style of architecture. The name of the place " Waldorf,'' will be seen iu 
 large letters on the lawn, 
 
 Pdham, R, L. Fell's Residence. Iloman villa style with white columns, will 
 be seen Kouth oT Pell's dock. 
 
 Staatsburgh, above Hyde Park on east side. 
 
 Overlook Mouniain House can be seen from this point to the northwest, on the 
 highest southern peak of the Oatskills, fifteen to twenty miles distant 
 
 Oatskill M<mniain House can also be seen from this point, perhops 30 miles 
 distant, fifteen miles north of the Overlook. 
 
 WiUiam B. Dinsmore's Residetice, the most prominent of the upper Hudson, 
 at Dinsmore's Point above Staatsburgh. The first house south of Mi. Dins- 
 more's on the cMt bank is Matthew Livingston's; the second Mrs. Hoyt's, house 
 with French roof; the next, one-eighth of a mile south, the house of J. Law- 
 rence Lee. 
 
 Winddife, Residence of Edward Renshaw Jones, across the cove from Dins- 
 more's, a large stone villa with central tower. 
 
 Eltersie, Estate of mtUam /< My, above EUersie Dock. 
 
 Rhinecliff, or Rhinebeck Landing, on the east sid^. 
 
 The Village of Rhinebeck, two miles east of Landing. 
 
 Fairview, Residence of Capt. A. L. Anderson, (Steamer Mary Powell), is seen 
 from the Rhinebeck Dock, (Khinecliflf), looking south, about IJ miles south of 
 Port Ewen. 
 
 Oily of Kingston, emb .aces Kingston andRondout, (terminus ef the Delaware 
 and Hudson Canal). 
 
 Old Beekman Place. As the steamer leaves Rhinebeck Landing, the old Beek- 
 man Place can be seen in the trees, a short distance above the Landiag, one of 
 the old Revolutionary houses. 
 
 Femdiff, Residence of William Astor. Fine brown villa with pointed towe» 
 
 Oarreison Place, north of Femcliflf, on east bank. This place long known as 
 Clifton Point, is now the properly of Louis Ehler's. 
 
 ' ' Leacote," Douglas Merritt's Residence, north of Clifton Point. 
 
 Ruins Brought from South America seen on the south point of Cruger's Island. 
 
 The First Steamboat, The " Claremont," was built by Robert Fulton in the 
 Cove, known as North Bay, just north of Cruger's Island. 
 
 ••Anandale," name of John Bard's Place, and east of this is St. Stephen's 
 College, a training school for the minietery. 
 
 H 
 
 Fine Opera Qlasses for Sale or to Let at the Nen« Stands. 
 
i 
 
 I'. 
 
 CATbKiLL Mountains. 
 
 J. LOEFFLER'S 
 
 IN THE CATSKILL MOUNTAINS. 
 
 Every place of interest in these romantic regions is 
 faithfully represented. The lowering mountains, the 
 shady glens, the mnjestio waterfalls, which form the 
 characteristic features of this beautiful mountain range 
 are so truly portrayed, that one only needs to glance 
 through the stereoscope to feel himself once more trans- 
 ported to those scenes which in nature have afforded 
 him such delight. 
 
 For Sale AT THE BOOKSTANDS OF THE 
 
 Albany Day -boats and at the principal Hotels 
 
 in the Oatskills. 
 
 
 y 
 
 a* 
 
 r-BBSfia^B" 
 
 I' -^ W a ' tAtHJ J ' ^ r —jL UBMJ 
 
 'ii|!g^'l!|M«ll»'«i 
 
NS. 
 
 3. 
 
 gions 18 
 ins, the 
 arm the 
 in range 
 > glance 
 •e trans- 
 aflforded 
 
 Hotels 
 
 y 
 
 > . ■ 
 
 Flatbush, known among the boatmen as Whiskey Point, on the west bank. 
 
 F. II. Delano's Residence. Brown house with square tower. 
 
 Rokeby, Besidence of Me Vfilliam B. Astor, above Astor's Point. 
 
 Barrytown, on east side. 
 
 AspinwM :^Mce, v ixth. of Barrytown, formerly John H. Livingston's place. 
 
 Mont)jomci-y Place. Brown house among the trees. 
 
 Crwjcr's Hesidence, on Crnger's Island, —once called Lower Red Hook Island 
 (Red Hook, named after a Mr. Read, who lived directly east of the north end 
 of the Island, place now ov\'nod by Johnston Livingston). 
 
 TivoU, on east side, 100 miles from New York. 
 
 Olasgo. A little south of Tivoli, on west side. 
 
 Chateau of rwoli, Residence of Col. Johnson L. de VeysUr. French roof houKe 
 on Terrace, south of TivoU Station. 
 
 Rote HiU, Residence qf Gen. J. Watts de Peyster, well known uudernom de 
 plume of " Anchor." Residence is seen among the trees north of Tivoli Sta- 
 tion. This house is built on what is known as the Lower Livingston manor, 
 but in reality was the Hoffman Patent. 
 
 SougeWiea, on west side. A long dock, 3,600 feet long, shows the enterprise 
 of this lively village. 
 
 Idele, property of Miss Clarksou, better known as the old Chancellor Place. 
 The steamer now keeps to the west of the Flats : th« jbannel on the oast is 
 known as the Livingston Channel. 
 
 Maiden. Above Saugerties. on west side. Dock covered with blue stone. 
 
 Germont. Above Tivoli, on east side. The original Livingston manor. 
 
 West Gamp. On west side, above Maiden. 
 
 Jbur County Islatid. Near west bank ; the "meeting point" of Duchess, Co- 
 lumbia, Greene, and Ulster. 
 
 Oermuntoicn. On east side. 105 miles from New York. 
 
 Man in the Mountain. From this point we get a fine view of the reclining 
 giant. You can trace it by the following outline:— the peak to thesoathis 
 the knee; the next to the north thebreast; and two or three above this, the cWn, 
 the nose, and the forehead, 
 
 Roelife Jatisen's Kill, empties into the Hudson above what is known by the 
 pilots as Nine Mile Tree. 
 
 Henmn Livingston's Residence, on point above, looking down the River. 
 
 C. C. AheeVs Residence. Square brick 'jouse, with tower, on a commanding 
 site south of Catskill Creek. 
 
 IS 
 
 For a peeo into Fairyland, nse Colored QlaBses. 
 
 -..*«>k«iaa*«»* 
 
mmmmi 
 
 OCEAN HOUSE, 
 
 fivpaiit, §, S* 
 
 M' 
 
 JOHN G. WEAVER & SONS, 
 
 x»zi.ox>xi.xz]*roxi.s. 
 
 Opens June 24, 1880. 
 
 Thirty -Fifth. Season. 
 
 ^ 
 
 A 
 
 Within One Hundred ^^^eet of the 
 New Casino. 
 
 • • . • • 
 
J^' 
 
 NS, 
 
 MB 
 
 OatakUl. On west side, just above Oatskill Creek, 
 
 Posped Park Hotel. One of the finest landmarks of the Hudson, north of 
 Oatskill Landing. The residence of John Breasted, proprietor, is to the north. 
 
 Olh T Bourke's Hesirtence, is seen west of the Prospect Park Hotel, and near 
 by the pleasant cottage of Walton Van Loan, Publisher of the Oatskill Guide. 
 
 Cole's Grove, north of Oatskill, a little back from the River, was the residence 
 of Thomas Cole, Artist. 
 
 Frederick K Church's Residence, ojithe east bank, opposite Calskill. 
 
 Ji. Iloicland's licsidence, about three-fourths of a mile north of Oatskill, on 
 the ".rest side. 
 
 Col. 0. n. AsMey's Residence, on the northern slope of Mount Merino, on east 
 bank. 
 
 W. O. Mm rison's Residence, on west bank, white house on the hill. 
 
 Oaniley's Residence, a square brick house, one mile north, on west side, south 
 of Athens. 
 
 IltuJson, East Side, rromcnade IM, just above the Landing. 
 
 A. Frank B. Chare's Residence, with pointed turret, near Church spire ; one 
 of the finest iu Hudson in point of architecture. 
 
 Athens. Opposite. Hudson Kiver Depot for freight, large building near the 
 River. 
 
 Residences of .<?. T)h Bois and J. Du Boia will \e seen above Hudson, on the 
 oast bank. 
 
 John Clotujh's large white house, above Athens, on the west side. 
 
 James Sanders— square house with Mansard roof. 
 
 Stockport. On east side, four miles north of Hudson, near the mouth of Co- 
 lumbiaville Creek. This creek is formed by the union of the Kinderhook and 
 Olaverack Creeks. 
 
 Fbur-mile- Point. On west side, about 125 feet high; four miles from Hudson 
 and four from Coxsackie. Narrow channel for 2 miles close to the west shore. 
 Average about 350 feet wide. At upper end of narrow channel Grape viije 
 dock and a Grapery of 100 acres. 
 
 Coxsackie. On west side, 8 miles from Hudson, 
 
 Newton Hook; opposite Coxsackie; the wooded point is called Prospect 
 Grove. 
 
 Stuyvesant. On the east side. Once called Kinderhook Lauding. 
 
 Schodack Island. On east side, about two miles above .Stuyvesant The 
 island is about 3 miles long, covered moslly with broom corn. 
 
 i6 
 
 H 
 
 Qlauei to be had at the Ngws Stand on this Boat. 
 
 *mm 
 
NEW SUMMER NOVELS: 
 
 PUBLISHED UY 
 
 J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO., PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 MRS. WISTER'S NEW TRANSLATION 
 
 A.3SfKW RACK. 
 
 A Romnnce, From the German of (jIola Raimund. By Mrs. A. L. Wistbb, 
 tniisUitor of "Tlio OldMnra'scllc'sSceiet," "The Second Wife," " Too Rich,'' 
 
 etc. 12mo, 
 cucy rarely found 
 
 Extrn cloth. »1.26. 
 
 . . IfiliKlltfU . 
 1 BtorieH of Oerniun orliriU' 
 
 ' A cbaruilDK littlo lovo Hlory, i1«liKlitf iilly told, iioBHeBHluv a i>rettlnfliw and a iili|uant dnli- 
 tcr rarely found In BtorieH of Oerniun orliriu. It in uu artlHtlc ))it of work, lia|<i>lly couool\od 
 and delluately executed."— T^usfoii Hatdnlau Kvi riiiu tiazelte. 
 
 NO BEJ-iATIONS (8ANH mAMILLK). 
 
 A Novel. From tlie French of IIectok Mai.ot. By the author of " Tlio Hon. 
 
 MJBg Fcrrard," "Christy Ciirew," etc. (The Monthyon I'l'lze Novel.) 13mo. 
 
 Extra cloth. 11.25. Paper covei'. 75 cents. 
 
 " An excellent novel, bIiowIuk all the vivacity wbicli we are accuetoniod to aHBOciato with 
 French tlctlou, and wholly free from any of ItH cbaracterintic i\eicci»."—iiiieetatur. 
 
 THKODOBA ; 
 
 Or, Staii by Staii. A Novel. 13ino. Extra cloth. tl.50. 
 
 " TblB Ib a iiuite int^reHtinfir romance. The plot ifi well elaborated and artiatlcally unfolded. 
 
 The characterH arc drawn with Kpirit and uHect, and the dcncriptlvu paoaatreH are particularly 
 
 tellcitouH."— J'hiladetj/hia Chronicle-Herald. 
 
 IIEPHZIBA.il Q-X7INNE8S; 
 
 Thkk and You; and A Draft on the B.ink of Spain. By 8. Wsin Mitch- 
 ell. M. D. 13mo. Exti-tt cloth. *l.ii5. 
 " A iresher, more irental, and moi'o cburniinK little volume of flctlou than thcDe talea has not 
 
 proceeded from the presH for u \oufs Wma." —I'Mluilel jihia huiuirer. 
 
 DA-PHNE. 
 
 A Novel. By "Rita," author of " Vlvicnne," "Like DIan's Kiss," etc. Extra 
 
 cloth. $1.25. Paper covei'. (iO cents. 
 
 " A romantic, burulUK, excitiux etory, brcathintr of the South, of Hunehiue, and of flowers." 
 —CharleniMi Sewn and Courier. 
 
 UNDER THE TRICOLOR; 
 
 Or, The American Colony in Pakis. A Novel. By Lucv Hamilton Hooper. 
 12mo. Fine cloth. $1.35. 
 
 " It is altogether an admirably written novel, teemlnsr witli flasbeH of wit and humor, with 
 life-like characters, and i^aoeful IncideutH. The book is sure to interest the reader."— J3(Mito?t 
 Tramller, 
 
 NELLIE'S ME^VIORIES. 
 
 A Novel. By Rosa N. Carey, author of "Wooed and Married," etc. 13mo. 
 
 Cloth. II. 25. Paper cover. 75 cents. 
 
 " It is one of the mont readable and cbarmlnK novels of the season, one that provokes an 
 unusual IntereBt and almost compels a readiUK through at a sitting."— Jfc»»j</ii'« Ajijieal. 
 
 "WRECKED, BUT NOT LOST 
 
 A Novel. By Faith TemplAton. 12mo. Fine cloth. $1..50. 
 
 dents. 
 
 " It is certainly well written, sweet in spirit, spriKhtly in style, and full of Interesting Inci- 
 ■■ '. G. Holland, Editor of Seribner'n Monthly. 
 
 *^* For sale by all Booksellers, or will be sent by mall, postage prepaid, on 
 receipt of the price by the Publishers. 
 
12mo. 
 
 New Baltimore. About opposite the centre of Sohodnok iHland; fifteen mileg 
 from Hudflon and fifteen from Albany. The government dykes begin opposite 
 Xew Baltimore. 
 
 Residence of James M. Smith, Terraced grounds. Lown extending to the 
 lUver. Ornomontive boat house and private dock. 
 
 Ban-en Island. Site of the fomous "Castle of Rensselaerstien, " (vid. Irv- 
 ing'a Knickerbocker). Four counties also meet here,— Columbia, Rensselaer, 
 Greene, and Albany. Island ouc-half milo long, one-half mile wide. 
 
 Coeymans. Right above Barren Island; connected with a dyke. Above 
 Coeymans is what is known as the Coeyman's Cross Over. 
 
 Shod Ulamh The first island to the westward above Coeymans ; ',\ miles long; 
 old Indian fishing ground. 
 
 Nine-mile- Tree. On cast bank. Castleion. One mile above Tree, on east 
 side. Campbell's Island. Oil lower end a Light House. 
 
 Cedar Hill Dork. Opposite this Light House. 
 
 Staats Ishiiul. Above Campbell's Island. This was settled by (he Stoats 
 family before the arrival of the Van Rensselaers', and never belonged to the 
 Patroon. The house is about 200 years old; at least a part of it, and mostly 
 built of stone. 
 
 The Overslaugh redches from Van Wies' Point; (the first point above Cedar 
 Hill), about two miles up the River. 
 
 Albany is now near at hand, and we see to the south the Convent of the 
 Sacred Heart ; to the north the Cathedral, the Capitol, the State HoQ.<<e, the 
 City Hall, &c. 
 
 01•eenb^t8h opposite. Connected with Albany by ferries and two fine, substan- 
 tial bridges. 
 
 Troy, on east bank, six miles from Albany. West Troy, opposite. 
 
 The Trojan Ilors'-. Between Albany o.nd Troy the traveler will see a very 
 fine representation of a horse formed by trees, about two miles southeast of 
 Troy. 
 
 Captain David Hitchcock's Line of Steamers present the pleasantest way of 
 going between these cities, andm ake a pleasant short excursion lor the vis- 
 itor. 
 
 Thus, in brief, we have traced the River, as it were, step by step, from Now 
 York to the head of tide-water ; and we have end vvored to make these pages a 
 practical Guide-Board to the various points of historic and legendary interest 
 which literally fill our River Valley. 
 
 17 
 
 Oolored Qlaases give tone to the Eyeilght, 
 
 ■ Mi i MiiMiiiwii j tejitfel ' 
 
TRAVELERS AND TOURIS.^S 
 
 INSURE 
 
 viiim 
 
 INSURE 
 
 AOAINIIT 
 
 ACCIDENTS 
 
 Life and Accident Insurance Co., 
 
 OF HARTFORD, CONN. 
 
 THE PIONEKR ACCIDENT COMPANY OK AMERICA. 
 
 Cnnh AMCtN, ttecurely liiveMteil ..-..- fa,00»,0«0 
 MiirpIUH to Policy HnlderH, (Conn. Ntfttiilnril,) . . - . l,a*0,000 
 
 ClRlnia Paid In Mft Dcimrtnicnt, 1,480,000 
 
 Clulniii PHI* In Accident lli'iiurtnicnt .... - 8«rft0,000 
 
 > , — ■ 
 
 Gembral Accident Policies, for the year or month, written by Agents at 
 short notic'«. The cost is but a trifle, and the jjrotoctlon invaluablu. Over 
 690,000 Accident Policies have been issued, and 46,000 olainiB p.iid. 
 
 Life and Endowment Inscbance, of all safe and desirable forms, on the 
 Low Elite Stock ri.iu. r bsolnte security, definite contract, economical manage- 
 ment ond liberal deali !!< All Policies nou-forfeiting. Honest losses promptly 
 paid in Cash. 
 JAS. &. BATTERSON, President. RODNEY DENNIS, Secretary. 
 
 I^ Jpphj to any Agent, or write to the Company, at Hartford, Conn. 
 
 New York Office, Tribune Building; Boston Office, cor. State & Kilby St«. 
 
 MoNTBEAi. Office, 1:U St. Francois Xavier St. Agents everywhere. 
 
 ^'aifi rT.lr»i ti 
 
 *jmtJmfe. t ?3*w i 
 
^E 
 
 NTS 
 
 Co., 
 
 tOO.flOO 
 
 100,000 
 
 190,000 
 
 rfto,ooo 
 
 ^gentf) at 
 
 ,e. Over 
 
 A. 
 
 .8, on the 
 
 manage- 
 
 [promptly 
 
 lecretary. 
 >nn. 
 
 [ilby 8t«. 
 .ere. 
 
 THE HUDSOI^. 
 
 The IlmlBon has been called the Shate-mnok, the Mobegan, the Man- 
 hattan, the Noordt Montaigne, the Mauritius, the North River, and the 
 River of the Mountains. It woi called the Hudson River, not by the 
 Dutch as generally stoted, but by tlio English, as Henry Hudson was an 
 Englishman, although he sailed from a Dutch port, with a Dutch crew, 
 and a Dutch vessel. The river wos culled the Mauritius in a letter to 
 
 OlOWE TAN KORTIANDT'8 DBItAM. 
 
 the "High and mighty Lords" of Holland, written November 6, 1626. 
 It was called the North River to distinguish it from the Delaware, called 
 the South River. The Spaniards colled it the River of the Mountains. 
 It was discovered in the year 1609. The town of Communipaw was 
 founded soon after, and according to Knickerbocker,— whose quiet humor 
 is always read and re-read with pleasure, — might justly be considered 
 the mother colony of our glorious city : for lo t the sago Oloffe Van 
 
 18 
 
 i i i 'm p UMIW 
 
 'mmemtrnmamgrn 
 
 fenR0i**«*i»s»» 
 
 0) 
 
 ■ ^ ... .«*i 
 
Kortlandt dreamed a dream, and the good Sk. Nicholas came riding 
 over the tops of the trees, and descended upon the island of Manhattan 
 and sat himself down and smoked, "and the smoke ascended into the 
 sky, and formed a cloud overhead ; and Oloffe bothought him, and he 
 hastened and elimbdd up to the top of one of the tallest trees, and saw 
 that the smoke spread over a great extent of country; and, as he con- 
 sidered it more attentively, he fancied that the great volume assumed 
 a variety of marvelous forms, where, in dim obscurity, he saw shadowed 
 out palaces and domes and lofty spires, all of which lasted but a mo- 
 ment, and then passed away." So New York, like Alba Longa and 
 Eome, and other cities of antiquity, was under the immediate care of 
 its tutelar saint. Its destiny was foreshadowed, for now the palaces 
 and domes and lofty spires axe real and genuine, and something more 
 than dreams are made of. 
 
 New Yobk, by virtue of its admirable position, soon became the 
 headquarters of the fur trade. The merchants of North Holland or- 
 ganized a company, and obtained from the States General, in 1614, a 
 charter to trade in the New Netherlands ; and, soon after, a colony 
 built a few houses and a fort near the Battery. The entire island was 
 purchased from the Indians, 1624, for the sum of sixty guilders, or 
 about twenty-four dollars. A fort was also built at Albany in 1G23, and 
 known as Fort Aurania, or Foi-t Orange. New York was called for 
 years New Amsterdam ; but in the year 1664, when these forts were 
 surrendered to the English, the two settlement? took the names of New 
 York and Albany, in honor of the Duke of York and Albany. In Jime, 
 1636, the first land was bought on Long Island ; and in 1667 the Ferry 
 Town, opposite New York, was known by the name Breuckelen, sig- 
 nifying broken land, but the name was not generally accepted until 
 after the Eevolu tion. Bergen was the oldest settlement in New Jersey. 
 It was founded in 1616 by the Dutch colonists to the New Netlierlands, 
 and received its name from Bergen, in Norway. Paulus Hook, or 
 Jersey City, in 1638 was the farm of William Kieft, Director-Genoral of 
 the Dutcih West India Company. 
 
 So muoU for the early history of New York and the surrounding 
 
 ^% 
 
ame riding 
 ' Manhattan 
 led into the 
 lim, and he 
 3es, and saw 
 I, as he con- 
 ne assumed 
 w shadowed 
 d but a mo- 
 Longa and 
 iiate care of 
 the palaces 
 ^'thing more 
 
 became the 
 Holland or- 
 il, in 1614, a 
 ;er, a colony 
 e island was 
 guildeis, or 
 in 1G23, and 
 IS called for 
 e forts were 
 ames of New 
 f. In June, 
 67 the Ferry 
 uckelen, sig- 
 icepted until 
 New Jersey. 
 Netlierlands, 
 lus Hook, or 
 )r-Genoral of 
 
 surrounding 
 
 ■J>- 
 
 cities, which have sprung up as it were in a dajj for, as late as 1800 the 
 city of Brooklyn had only 2,000 inhabitants, and, in 1820, Jersey City 
 only 300. 
 
 HEm>BiOH Hudson and the Hat.f Moon. — The first voyagers up the 
 Hudson were, as before stated, Hendrich Hudson and his crew of the 
 " Half Moon." He anchored off Sandy Hook September 3d, 1609, and 
 remained off the Hook a little more than a week. He then passed 
 through the Narrows, and anchored ir> r/hat is now called Newark Bay; 
 on the 12th resumed his voyage, and, drifting with the tide, anchored 
 over night on the 13th just above Yonkei-s ; on the 14th passed Tappan 
 and Haverstraw Bays, ente; sd the Highlands, and anchored for the 
 night near "West Point. On lihe morning of the 15th entored Newburgh 
 Bay, and reached Catskill on the IGth, Athens on the 17th, and Castle- 
 ton and Albany on the 18th, and then sent out an exploring boat as far 
 as Waterford. His retuin voyage began on the 23d. He anchored 
 again in Newburgh Bay the 25th, and reached Stony Point October Ist ; 
 reached Sandy Hook the 4th, and then returned to Europe. The 
 "Half Moon" was becalmed off Sandy Hook, and the people of the 
 mountains came to see them. We might also add, in this place, that it 
 is claimed by some that Hendrich Hudson was the first to call the river 
 " The Eiver of the Mountains," a name which the Spaniards and French 
 afterward adopted. The Iroquois called it the Co-hat-a-tea. The 
 Mohegans and Lenapes called it the Mohega.i, or Mah-i-can-i-tuk — "the 
 continually flowing waters, "- -probably from the tide, which rises and 
 falls from New York to Troy. The name Mauritius was given in honor 
 of Prince Maurice, of Nassau, in the year 1611. 
 
 The Old Reaches. — The Hudson was divided i i one time by the old 
 navigators, long before the days of "propelling steam," into fourteen 
 Beaches — one of which names is still used in the poetic name of Claver- 
 aok, ihe Clover-Reach. We will give some of these as a matter of his- 
 toric interest; — 
 
 The Great Ckip-Eock Reach — the Palisades — were known by the 
 old Dutch settlers as the "Great Chip," and so styled in the 
 Bergen Deed of Purchase, viz., the great chip above Weehawken. 
 
 20 
 
 ' ^^U!^fflJl&^a^)^^ ' a'^;jMaj^JJi^^ ' ^jJi^JJ.u^ ' lJ^^^-a^^JJli^:wu■-uaJJJ!-^ 
 
SSffc-SSSB 
 
 The Tappan Beach, on the east side of •which dwelt the Manhattans, 
 on the west side the Saulrickans and the Tappans. The third reach 
 extends upward to a narrow point called Haverstroo ; then comes the 
 iSeylmakei''s reach, and then Crescent reach ; next Hoge's reach, and then 
 Voraen reach, which extends to Klinkersberg, or Storm King, the 
 northern portal of the Highlands. This is succeeded by Fisher's rea-h, 
 where, on the east side, once dwelt a race of savages called Pachami. 
 " This reach," in the language of De Laet, " extends to another narrow 
 pass, where, on the west, is a point of laud which juts out, covered with 
 sand, opposite a Lend in the river, on which another nation of sr , ^es 
 — the Waoranecks — have their abode at a place called Eso hil, , 
 
 another reach, called Claveivtck; then Backerack; next the Flaysier 
 reach, and Vasie reach, as far as Hinnenhock ; then the Hunters' reach, 
 as far as Kinderhook ; and Fisher's Hook, near Shad Island, over which, 
 on the east side, dwell the Mohegans." These old reaches and names 
 have long passed away from the use or memory of even the river pilots, 
 and may, perhaps, possess interest only to the antiquarian. But 
 there are 
 
 FIVE DIVISIONS, OB REACHES, OF THE HUDSON, 
 
 which we imagine \vill have interest for all, as they present in brief an 
 analysis easy to be remembered — divisions marked by something more 
 substantial than sentiment or fancy, expressing five distinct charac- 
 teristics — 
 
 OBANDETTB, BE:I?0SE, STTBUMITT, THE PICTUBBSQUE, BEAtTTY. 
 
 1. The Palisades, an unbroken wall of rock for fifteen miles— 
 Gbandecb. 
 
 2. The Tappan Zee, surrounded by the sloping hills of Nyack, Tarry- 
 town, and Sleepy Hollow — Befose. 
 
 3. The Hiohi<ands, where the Hudson for twenty miles plays "hide 
 and seek " with " hills rock-ribbed and ancient as the sun," — Sub- 
 
 UHITT. 
 
 4. The Hillsides for miles above and below Poughliaepsie— The 
 Piotubesqite. 
 
 5. The Gatseills, on the west, throned in queenly dignity — Beautt. 
 
 4i?K» 
 
 V 
 
 "i** 
 
ianhattans, 
 bird reaoli 
 comes the 
 1, and then 
 King, the 
 ler's rea-'h, 
 [ Pachami. 
 her narrow 
 ivered with 
 of Bi .wes 
 mi:. ': '■ .■ ■., 
 le Playaier 
 .ters' reach, 
 )ver which, 
 and names 
 iver pilots, 
 uian. Bui 
 
 in brief an 
 thing more 
 ict ohorac- 
 
 cm. 
 
 en miles — 
 
 ack, Tarry- 
 
 ilays "hide 
 un,"— StJB- 
 
 epsie — The 
 
 jT — Beatitt. 
 
 '«,. 
 
 V 
 
 THE PALISADES— GRANDEUR. 
 
 "And u 70U nearer draw, caob wooded height 
 Puta off the azure hues by distance given, 
 And slowly break upon the enamored sight 
 Bavine, crag, field, and wood, in colors true and bright." 
 
 We kiiow of no other river in the world which presents so great a 
 variety 01 views as the Hudson. Throughout its whole extent, from 
 the "Wilderness to the Sea," from the Adirondacks to Staten Island, 
 there is a combination of the finest pictures; and each division which 
 we have indicated seems to illustrate some of the best scenery of the 
 old world. With only a slight stretch oi fancy, we imagine the tourist 
 may find Loch Katrine " nestled " among the mountains of our own 
 Highlands; will see in the Catsldlls th j Sunset Mountains of Arran; and 
 in the Palisadtis the Giant's Causeway of Ii'eland. 
 
 In reference to this idea of picture combination, we can appropri- 
 ately cite the words of George William Curtis, who pronounces the 
 Hudson grander than the Rhine. He says, "The Danube has in part 
 glimpses of such grandeur. The Elbe has sometimes such delicately 
 P'^noilled effects. But no European river is so lordly in its bearing, 
 none flows in such state to the sea." Thackeray, also, iu his "Virgin- 
 ians," has given to the Hudson the verdict of beauty; and we imagine 
 this is the improjudiccd opinion of tourists and travelers. 
 
 The Palisades, or Great Chip Rock, as they were known by the old 
 Dutch settlers, present the same bold front to the river that the Giants' 
 Causeway does to the ocean. We should judge these rocks to be of 
 about the same height and the same extent. The 7?alisades are from 
 two hundred :ind fifty to six hundred feet high, and extend about fifteen 
 miles, from Fort Lee to the hills of Rockland County. As the basaltic 
 trap-rock is one of the oldest geological formations, we might still ap- 
 propriately style the Palisades " a chip of the old block." They sepa- 
 rate the valley of the Hudson from the valley of the Hackensack. The 
 Hackensack rises in Rockland Lake, within two or three hundred yards 
 of the Hudson, and the rivers flow thirty miles side by side, but are 
 eflfoctually separated from each other by a wall more substantial than 
 even the 2,000 mile struijture of the "Heathen Chinee." 
 
 WkehawbJen, one of the sad historic spots of the Hudson, was much 
 
 23 
 
 . » 
 
£l_15iS^^i22!21' .^^ ' 
 
 frequented years ago; but the place is hardly ever visited in these latter 
 days. In fact, everything is changed. The narrow ledge of rock where 
 Hamilton fell in a duel with Aai-oii Burr on the morning of July 11 , 1804, 
 has made way for tiioWost Side r-aih*oad; and wo are not sorry that the 
 last vestige connected with a " false code of honor" has been removed. 
 
 
 DTJBIiIjINO GKOTTND, "WEEHAWKEN. 
 
 (From LosBing's '■Hudeoii, from tho WiUlonioos to tbe Sea.") 
 
 Tlie St. Andrew's Society, a short time after tho duel, erected a monu- 
 ment on the spot to the memorj of the great statesman, but that too 
 was gradtially destroyed by visitors, and taken away in pioaes, souvenira 
 of ft sad tragedy. 
 
 F. 
 
\ 
 
 r ' 
 
 j &i W* » ^- .» yi ,igji;^pT^.,;*:^^aMg^M^ 
 
Spuxten Dtjyvel Cbeek. — This is the first point of special legendary 
 interest, and takes its name from a highly ciiiTalric and poetic incident. 
 It seems that the famous Antony Van Corlear was despatched one even- 
 ing with aji important message iip the Hudson. When he arrived at 
 this creek, th'^ wind was high, the elements were in an uproar, and no 
 boatman at hand. " For a short time," it is said, " ho vapored like an 
 impatient ghost upon the brink, and then, bethinking himself of the 
 urgency of his enand, took a hearty embrace of his stone bottle, swore 
 most valorously that he would swim across en spijt en Diiyvel (in spite 
 of the Devil) and daringly, pltmged into the stream. Luckless Antony! 
 Scarce had he buffeted half way over when he was observed to struggle 
 violently, as if battling with the spirit of the waters. Instinctively he 
 put his trumpet to his mouth, and giving a vehement blast — sank for- 
 ever to the bottom. " 
 
 Passing the Co'ivent and Academy of Mount St. Vincent, a fine 
 Bijnictare on the east bank of tiie river, we come to 
 
 YoNEEBS, where Hendrich Hudson anchored one September evening, 
 1609. In the quaint language of those days, he "found a loving people, 
 who attained great r,g>e. " It is also generally believed that this was the 
 place where Hendrich Hudson and his mate, Eobert Juet, made that 
 sage experiment, gravely recorded in the naiTative of the discovery. 
 "Our maater and his mate determined to try some of the chief men of 
 the country, whether they had any treachery in them; so they took 
 them down into the cabin, and gave them so much wine and aqua vitsB 
 that th' f were all verymerrie. lu the end one of them waa dnink, and 
 that was strange to them, for they could not tell how to take it. " One 
 thing is certain, they learned how, as soon as they had opportunity— 
 the only branch of civilization for which they appear to have had a 
 natural taste. It is moreover said that the effect of this imported jug- 
 glery was decidedly strange, and soon after Hendrich's departure it 
 came to be believed by the red men, who had seen the zigzag effect of 
 fire-water on their brethren, that the Hudson must, at some period of 
 the world's history, have become inebriated, to have made such a wind- 
 ing channel to the sea, and they instituted a search for the fire-water 
 
 25 
 
 y- 
 
-'■' — ^, 
 
 fountain. Of course they were unable to find the mysterious fountain; 
 bat the real legend is one of the oldest and therefore most reiiubk of 
 oiu* river tiaditions. This is the mouth of the Neperan, or Sawmill 
 Eiver, and here, in an obscure nook of the Hudson, west of the creek, 
 is a lai-ge rock, which was called Meecl.-keek-assin, or Amackasin, the 
 great stone to which the Indians paid re-^erenco as an evidence of the 
 permanency and immutability of their deity. 
 
 It is generally said that Yonkers derived its name from Tonk-herr— 
 the young heir, or young sir, of the Phillipsio manor. The English 
 and Scotch word, however, as used by Shakespeare and Burns (viz., 
 yonker and younkers) makes a voyage to a foreign language quite un- 
 necessary. 
 
 The old manor house, near the river and above the lauding, waa 
 purchased a short time ago by the village of Yonkers, and converted 
 tor the most part into offices for transacting town affairs. The older 
 portion of the house was built in 1082; the present front in 1745. The 
 woodwork is very interesting, and the ceilings, the large hall, and wide 
 fireplace. In the room pointed out as Washington's room, the fireplace 
 still retains the old tiles, " illustrating familiar passages in Bible his- 
 tory," fifty on each side, looking as clear as if they were made but 
 yesterday. The town is gi'owing very rapidly, and is almost a part of 
 the great metropolis. 
 
 Hastinos, fom- miles north of Yonkers and twenty-one from New 
 York, is almost oijposite the highest point of the Palisades, viz., "Indian 
 Head." Here, it is said. Garibaldi used to spend his Sundays with 
 Italian friends, at the time that he was "keeping a soap and candle 
 faoAory on Staten Island. " 
 
 DoBBs' Ferby is the next village above Hastings, on the east side, 
 named iifter an old Swedish fen-yman. It is the scene of a romantic 
 story, lonj? a<.'0 put in verse, and styled the "Legend of Dobbs' Ferry, 
 or the Marital Fate of Hendrich and Katrina." The river now widens 
 into a beautiful bay, known as the Mediterranean Sea of the New Neth- 
 erlands, and we come to our second division. 
 
 26 
 
 m,-A:i-&>!-*'' - 
 
 I 
 
 - «)«tM*iW l» « w<«a M ii ww i B«rw«rrg* . roffjii ^ ^ 
 
I 
 
 TAPPAjJI ZEE— REPOSE. 
 
 "Oool sbaJeB and dow8 are ruuud luy wajr, 
 And Rllduce of the early day, 
 'Mid the dark rocks that watch UIh bed 
 OUtters the mighty UiidHou spread 
 ' '' Uurlppled, save by drops that fall 
 
 ■ . From shrubs that fringe bis mountain wall; 
 
 Ajid o'er the clear still water swells 
 The music of the Sabbath bolls." 
 
 The Palisa(les now lose their wall-like character, and break away in 
 little headlands to the north and northwest; and now, aa we pass Pieb- 
 MOMT, on tbe west side, we leave behind us the New Jersey wall, which 
 was almost enough to "keep her out of the Union," and are entirely 
 within the jurisdiction of the Empire State — the New Jersey lino is only 
 a short distance below Piermont. The pier of the Erie railroad, which 
 here juts into the river, is about one mile in length, and gives the name 
 to the village. The boulevard from this point to Eockland Lake, pass- 
 ing through Nyack, will soon be one of the finest drives on the Hudson. 
 About two miles from Piermont is the old village of Tappan, where 
 Andre was executed. 
 
 Ibvtngton is about opposite Piermont, twenty-four miles from New 
 York. The river is here about three miles wide, and the sloping hills 
 that look over this tranquil bay are literally covered Avith beautiful 
 villas and charming grounds. About half a mile above the depot, aad 
 near the river bank, almost hid in foliage, is 
 
 Stjnntside, the great classic and poetic spot of our country — the 
 home of Washington Irving, who laid the corner-stone of American 
 literature. Fifty years ago the English critic sneeringly asked, " Who 
 reads an American book ? " Irving quietly answered the question, and 
 carried the war into the enemy's country by writing "Bracebridge 
 Hall," "Westminster Abbey," and "Stratford-on-Avon;" and his name 
 is cherished to-day in England almost as fondly as in our own country. 
 A few years ago it was our good fortune to pass a few days in the very 
 centre of "Merrie England," in that quiet town on the Avon, and we 
 found the name of Irving almost as reverently regarded as that of the 
 
 27 
 
 y- 
 
 ^miwii iitiiwMiirimn - 
 
 f 
 
im^' 
 
 lak away in 
 
 3 pass PlEB- 
 
 woll, tviiioh 
 ire entirely 
 line is only 
 road, which 
 es the name 
 Lake, pass- 
 )he Hudson. 
 )pftn, where 
 
 »s from New 
 loping hills 
 ;h beautiful 
 ) depot, and 
 
 ountry — the 
 if American 
 iked, "Who 
 iiestion, and 
 Bracebridge 
 ad his name 
 wn country. 
 
 in the very 
 ron, and we 
 
 that of the 
 
 immortal Shakespeare. The sitting-room in the "Bed Horse Hotel," 
 where he was distmbed iu his midnight reverie, is still called Irviug'a 
 room, and the walls hung with portraits taken at diflerent periods of 
 his life. Mine host said that visitors from every land were as much in- 
 terested in this room as iu Shakespeare's birthplace. The remark may 
 have been intensified to flatter an American visitor, but there are few 
 name.^ dearer to the Anglo-Saxon race than that on the plain headstone 
 in the burial-yard of Sleepy Hollow. 
 
 In Irviug's essay of " Wolfert's lioost" (the old name of Sunnyside) 
 he describes his home very aptly as "made up of gable-ends, and fidl 
 of angles and corners as an old cocked hat. It is said, in fact, to have 
 been modelled after the cocked hat of Peter the Headstrong, as the 
 Escarial of Spain was modelled after the gridiron of the blessed St. 
 Laurence." The late Napoleon III. was at one time a visitor at Sunny- 
 side; and here, in 1842, Daniel Webster paid Irving a visit, with ap- 
 pointment and credentials as Minister to Spain. 
 
 Tat«rytown is also on the east side, about three miles north of Ir- 
 ving k>n. Its name was derived from the old Dutch word Tarwe-town, 
 or wheat-town, although Knickerbocker's natural philosophy imagined 
 that it arose from the lan-ying of husband at the village tavern. 
 
 On the old post-road, now called Broadway, going north from the 
 village. Major Andre was captured, and a monument erected on the 
 spot by the people of Westchester County, October 7, 1853, with this 
 inscription: — 
 
 ON THIS SPOT, 
 THE 23d day of SEPTEMBEB, 1780, THE SPY, 
 
 MAJOE JOHN ANDEE, 
 
 Adjutant-General of the British Army, was captured by 
 
 John Paulding, David Wrt-iiiAMS, and Isaac Van Wabt, 
 
 AliL NATIVES OP THIS COUNTY. 
 
 History has told the rest. , 
 
 It is said that the tree beneath which Andre was captured was struck 
 by lightning in July, 1801, the very day of Arnold's death in London. 
 
 28 
 
 I 
 
 KiiH^iijiMimmm i t i itiK'r'^tirfrtim'ii'm^ ' ^^ 
 
Tarrytown and vicinity was tho very heart of the debatable ground of 
 the Revolution; and here, according to Irving, aroHe the two great 
 orders of border chivalry— the Skinners and the Cow-Boya. The for- 
 mer fought, or rather marauded, under the American, the latter under 
 tho British banner. "In the zeal of service both were apt to make 
 blunders, and confounded the property of friend and foo. Neither of 
 them, in the heat and hurry of a foray, had time to ascertain the poli- 
 tics of a horse or cow which they were diiving oflf into captivity, nor 
 
 lOHABOD OBAKB ANTJ KATBINA VAN TASSBL. 
 
 when they wrung the neck of a rooster did they trouble their heads 
 whether he crowed for Congi-esM or King George." 
 
 This was indeed an eventfiil neighborhood to the faithful historian, 
 Diedrich Knickerbocker; and here he picked up many of those legends 
 which were given by him to the world, or found nmong his papers. 
 One of these was ihe legend connected with the old Dutch Church of 
 Sleepy Hollow. A drowsy, dreamy influence seems to hang over the 
 land, and to pervade the very atmosphere. "Some suy the place waa 
 
 ay 
 
^ound of 
 wo great 
 The for- 
 tor under 
 ; to make 
 leither of 
 the poH- 
 ivity, nor 
 
 eir heads 
 
 historian, 
 JO legends 
 is papers. 
 Dhiirch of 
 over the 
 place was 
 
 bewitched by a high Oerman doctor during the early days of the settle- 
 ment; others that an old Indian chief, the wizard of his tribe, held 
 his pow-wows there before Hendrich Hudson's discovery of the river. 
 The dominant spirit, however, that haunts this enchanted region, is the 
 apparition of a figure on horseback without a head, said to bo tlus ghost 
 of a Hessian trooper, and was known at all the country firesides as tlio 
 "headless horseman" of Sleepy Hollow. Surnyside. you remember, 
 was onoo tho property of old Baltus Van Tassol; and here lived the fair 
 Katrina, beloved by all the youths, but more especutUy by Ichabod 
 Crane, the country schoolmaster, and a reckless youth, Mr. Van Brunt. 
 A faithful view of the unsuccessful courtship of Ichabod will bo seen in 
 the cut here given, from tho statuette group of Ichabod and Katrina, 
 by Mr. Kogera, of New York, whose skill we again refer to in our article 
 on " Kip Vnn Winkle among the Catskills." 
 
 Thr Old Dutch Church, and the burial yard where Irving is buried, is 
 about one hai: mile north from Tarrytown. A plain stone, with simple 
 inscription, " Wasliington Irving, born April 3d, 1783, died November 
 28th, 1859, " mnrks the resting-place of the sweetest writer in our literature. 
 
 Nyaok on thb Hudson is a pleasant village opposite Tarrytown. The 
 Lu'ge buildin;:,' south of the village is the Bockknd Female Seminax-y. 
 
 Sing-Sing, on the eaafc side, is six miles above Tari7town, and thirty- 
 two from New York. Its name is said to be derived from the Indian 
 words oadn, a stone, and ing, a place, from the rocky and stony charac- 
 ter of the river bank. 
 
 The State Prison, with its white walls, was built of stone quarried on 
 the spot by a band u'-ain-ing mortals imported from Auburn, in 1820. 
 
 EooKLAND Lake lies opposite Sing-Sing, set in a " dimple of the 
 hills," and is not seen from the river. As wo look at the great ice- 
 houses to-dny, which, like imcouth bams, stand here and there along 
 the Hudson, it does not seem possible that only a few years ago ice was 
 decidedly unpopular, and wheeled about New York in a hand-cart. 
 Think of one hand-cart supplying New York with ice I It was consid- 
 ered unhealthy, aoad called forth many lonmed discussions. The point 
 that seems to project into the river was called " Verdietege" Hook be- 
 ing considered a ** very tedious" spot by the old Dutch mariners. 
 
 3o . __ 
 
 '■mtem^m'- 
 
 -^IgSwsi-'-' 
 
Choton lliviiu meets the HudBou about one uiilo above 8iug-8ing, 
 and it is -^ Biugular I'lict that the pitcher and ic3-cooter o£ Now York, or, 
 iu other words, Orotou Diirn aud llockland Lake, should be directly 
 opposite. About thirty ysars ago, the Croton first made its appearance 
 iu New Yolk, brought iu by au aqiuiduct of sohd masonry. The old 
 Indian uanio of the Croton was Kitch-a-wonck. The Dam is an inter- 
 esting place to visit, and wo understand that city milkmen, when jour- 
 neying up the river, never pass the point without reverently lifting 
 their hats. We wov.ld modestly suggest a yearly picnic to this dam. 
 
 LAKE MAIIOPAC, ONE OF THP. FOUNTAINS OF THE CBOTON. 
 
 where these modern Hildobrauds could worship their "Undin-^s/ j.nd 
 eompute th<3 value of 500,000,000 gallons at " ten cents a quart,"— a nice 
 little rannwf) account, largo enough per annum to build the State capital 
 or the East River bridge. 
 
 Lake Mahopao is one of the finest fountoins of the Croton, and the 
 finest lake near the metropolis. It can be reached very easily by the 
 Harlem Railroad from New York. The old Indian name was Ma-cook- 
 pake, signifying a largo inland lake. The same derivation, we imagine, 
 is alflo Been in Copake Lake, Columbia County. The view here given 
 
 \ 
 
1 
 
 } 
 
 V 1 * 
 
 ■howa the inland whore the last mooting of the southern tribes of the 
 Hudson was held. The lako is ono thousand feet oboyo tido-wivtor — a 
 magnificent sheet of water, with ouierold islands; and it is ploosant to 
 know that the bright waters of Mahopao and the clear fountains of 
 Putnam County are carried to New York, even as the poetic waters of 
 Loch Katrine Hupi)ly tho commercial city of Glasgow. Lake Mahopao 
 has fine hotels, and is a pleasant place of Hummer reHort. 
 
 Tellkk's Point wos called by tho Indians, Senasqiia; and tradition 
 says that tho ancient warriors still haunt tho surrounding glens and 
 woods, and tho sachems of Teller's Point are household words ir the 
 neighborhood. It is also said that there was onco a great Indian battle 
 hero, and perhaps the gho-sts of tho old warriors are attracted by the 
 Underhill Grapory and tho 10,000 gallons of Avino bottled ovei'.y year. 
 
 HAvr.KbTriAW Bay. — Passing Teller's Point wo como into Haverstraw 
 Bay. This expanse of water was called bv the Indians, Knmachonack. 
 Tho village is on tho west side. Three miles above Haverstraw, also on 
 tho west side, wo pass Stony Point, wheie, at two o'clock ono morning, 
 
 •^ayne better known as " Mad Anthony " — sf"t the brief despatch to 
 
 Washington : " Dear Goner.il — Tho American flag waves hero. " Passing 
 Verplank's I'oint, juet opposite Stony Point, and wo see 
 
 Pkekskii.t<, forty-threo miles from New York, on tho east bank, 
 where Nathan Palmev, tho spy, was hung; and another brief mcbsago 
 sent by Putnam, to the effect, "Nathan Palmer wna taken as a spy, 
 tried as a spy, and will bo hanged as a spy. — P. S. He is hanged." In 
 1797 Peokskill was the headquarters of old Israel Putnam. This was 
 tho birthphuio of Paulding, one of Andre's captors, and he died here in 
 1818. There is a monument to his memory about two miles north of 
 the village. It is said that the stream and town took their nomes from 
 a worthy Dutch skipper, Jans Peek, who imagined he bad found the 
 head waters of tho Hudson, and run aground, on tho enst side, in the 
 stream which now bears his name. It was called by the Indians the 
 unpoetic name Sackboes. Near Peekskill is the old Van Cortlandt 
 house, tho retsidenee of Washington for a short time during the Revo- 
 lution. East of the village is the farm end summer home of the great 
 pulpit-orator of our country — Henry Ward Beecher. 
 
 3» 
 
 li 
 
 \\ 
 
 Bi'iSffiWaWEi'^i 
 
 ^iaa^^ia^ iifiimJWfc^jaWSJtj^^ " 
 
 P 
 
THE HIGHLANDS — SUBLIMITY. ;^ 
 
 " And eve. ^Yaknf^l Echo here doth dwell, 
 Th9 uymph of tportivo mockery, that st 11 
 Hideii behind every rock, iu every dell, 
 Anc. soltly glides iinueou from hill to hill." 
 
 Tumiug Kidd's Point, or Caldwell's Lauding, almost at right angles, 
 the steamer enters the Highlands. Neai- the Point will be seen some 
 upright planks, or caissons, ncai- the water's edge. They mark the spot 
 where Captain Kidd's ship was sui^posed to have been scuttled. As the 
 famous captain's history seems to be quite intimately associated with 
 the Hudson, we will give in brief 
 
 The Stoby op Captain ICidd. — His name was William, and he was 
 born about t!ie middle of the seventeenth centui-y; and it is thought, 
 near Greenock, in Scotland: resided at one time in New York, near 
 the corner of William and Cedar Streets, and was there married. In 
 April, 1696, liidd sailed from England in command of the "Adventure 
 Galley," with full arn.ament ain". eighty men. He captured a French 
 ship, and, on arrival at New York, put up articles for volunteers: 
 remained in New York three or four months, increasing his crew to 
 one hundred and fifty-flvo men, and sailed thence to Maderas, thence 
 to Bonavista and St. Jago, to Madagascar, then to Caiicut, then to 
 Madagascar again, then sailed and took the "Quedah Merchant." 
 Kidd kept forty shares of the spoils, and divided the rest with his crew. 
 He then burned the "Adventure Galley," wont on board the "Quedah 
 Merchant," and sailed for the West Indies. Hero he left the"Mer- 
 chaatt," with part of the crew, under one Bolton, as commander. Then 
 manned a sloop, and taking part of his spoils, Avent to Bo.ston via Long 
 Island Sound, r nd is said to have set goods on shore at different jilnces. 
 In the mean time, in August, 1698, the East India Company informed 
 the Lords Justices that Kidd had committed several acts of piracy, pox- 
 ticnlarly in seizing a Moor's ship called the "Quedah Merchant." 
 When Kidd landed at Boston he was therefore arrested by the Earl of 
 Bellamont, and sent to England for trial, 1699, where he was found 
 guilty and executed. Now it is supposed that the crew of the " Quedah 
 
 33 
 
 imt^ 
 
 
 i 
 
MMBP 
 
 'M 
 
 i^ 
 
 ('•# 
 
 ght angles, 
 seen some 
 ,rk the spot 
 led. As the 
 iciated with 
 
 and he was 
 is thought, 
 York, near 
 tanied. In 
 ' Adventure 
 id a French 
 volunteers: 
 his crew to 
 3ras, thence 
 ;ut, then to 
 Merchant. " 
 th his crew. 
 e "Quedah 
 
 the "Mor- 
 idor. Then 
 m via Long 
 srent i^lnces. 
 ly informed 
 piracy, por- 
 Merchant." 
 
 the Earl of 
 5 was found 
 16 "Quedah 
 
 Merchant," which Kidd left at Hispaniola, started \ . .. their ship for 
 the Hudson, as the crew was mostly gathered from the Highlands and 
 abo7e It is said that they passed New York in the night, and started 
 with their ship for tlie manor of Livingston; but encountering a gale 
 in the Highlands, and thinking they were iinrsued, run her near the 
 shore, now known as Kidd's Point, and here scuttled her, and the crow 
 fled to the woods with such treasure as they could cany. Whether this 
 circumstance was true or not, it was at least a cun-cnt story in the 
 neighborhood, and an entei-prising individual, about forty years ago, 
 earned an old cannon to be discovered in the river, and perpetrated the 
 first " Cardiff Giant Hoax. " A New York Stock Company was organized 
 to prosecute the work. It was said that the ship could be seen in clear 
 days, with her masts still standing, many fathoms below the surface. 
 One thing is certain — the Company didn't see it or the treasurer either, 
 in whose hands wore deposited nliout $30,000. 
 
 The Dundebbeko rises du-ictly above this poilit— the Olympus of 
 Dutch Mythology. It was the dread of tlio early navigators, and sailors 
 had to drop the peaks of thoir mainsails in salute to the goblin who 
 inhabited it, and presided ovi r those little imps in sugar-loaf hats and 
 short doublets, who were frequently seen tumbhng head over heels in 
 the rack and mist. No wonder that the old burghers of New York never 
 thought of making their week's voyage to Albany without arranging 
 their wills; and it created as much commotion in New Amsterdam as a 
 Stanley expedition in search of Livingstone. Verdrietege Hook, the 
 Dunderberg. and the Overslaugh were names of terror to even the 
 bravest skipper. 
 
 Anthony's Nose.— The high peak on tho east bank, just above the 
 "Nameless Highland," is Anthony's Nose, which, in our Onide-Bool 
 published in 1869, we considered the prominent feature of the Hudson. 
 It is about 1500 feet high, and has two or three christenings. One says 
 it was named after St. Anthony the Great— the first institute? of mo- 
 nastio life, bom A.D. 251, at Come, in Heraclea, a town in Upper 
 Egypt. Irving's humorous account is, however, qiute as probable, to 
 wit: that it was derived from the nose raf Anthony Vac Gorlear, the il- 
 lostrioua trumpeter of Peter StuTYesant. "Now thus it happened that 
 
 34 
 
 ! 
 1 
 
 1% 
 
 i^^^'Wll■f^lriil^^v^^'Trtf^l-T TJWVyji'Ti'iiiiiia-* ';: 
 
 fj ^ami t 
 
bright and early in the morning the good Anthony, having washed his 
 burly visage, was leaning over the quarter-railing of the galley, contem- 
 plating it in the gkssy waves below. Just at this moment the illustrious 
 sun, breaking in nil his splendor from behind a high bluflf of the High- 
 lands, did dart one of his most potent beams full upon the refulgent 
 nose of the sounder of brass, the reflection of which shot straightway 
 down hissing hot into the water, and killed a mighty sturgeon that was 
 sporting beside the vessel. When this astonishing miracle was made 
 known to the Governor, and he tasted of the unknown fish, he marveled 
 exceedingly; and. as a monument thereof, ho gave the name of An- 
 thony's Nose to a stout promontory in the neighborhood, and it has 
 continued to bo called Anthony's Nose ever since." This mountain was 
 called by the Indians Kittatenny, n Delaware term signifying "endless 
 
 hills." 
 
 Opposite Anthony's Nose is the beautiful island of lona; and wo ob- 
 tain a fine viev' of old Sugar-Loaf to the north. We are now in the 
 midst of historic country, and the various points are literally crowded 
 together: Beverley Dock, Beverley HoTise, Fort Putnam, North and 
 South Redoubt Mountains, Kosciusko's Garden, and Fort Constitution. 
 Both sides of the river are full of in^erast, and we will refer to each 
 BurrEKMiLK Falls, named by Washington Irving, is seen on the left 
 soon after passing the Benny Havens Cottage indicated in our Guide 
 Board. It is always beautiful and like sparkling wit never di-y (or hard- 
 ly ever), even in the longest Summer, but the tourist is fortunate who 
 sees it in full dress costume after a heavy shower, when it rushes over 
 the rocks in floods of snow-white foam. It was known among the In- 
 dians as the Princes Falls (owned by a Prince of the hiU country). 
 The rivulet south of these falls was called by the Indians the Ossinipmk, 
 or the stream from the solid ra3kB; and while we are dealing with 
 •' Waterfalls," we might also speak of the Brocken Kill, a stream which 
 emptier below Anthony's Nose, a Dutch word for water broken ia its flow. 
 Highland Fai.ls is the name of a small village a short distance west 
 of the river on the bluff, but not seen from the deck of the steamer. 
 The large building soutli of Buttermilk Falls, was known as the Parry 
 House but it has recently passed into the hands of a West Point gradu- 
 
 3S 
 
 I 
 
 tk> 
 
 V- 
 
 J:. 
 
 -^rv 
 
 iiyi<'l|ij'llii\lillft"'li 
 
ished his 
 , contem- 
 Ilustxious 
 he High- 
 refulgent 
 •aightway 
 L that was 
 yas made 
 marveled 
 ae of An- 
 nd it has 
 ntain was 
 "endless 
 
 nd wo ob- 
 ow in the 
 Y crowded 
 [orth and 
 istitution. 
 er to each 
 m the left 
 our Guide 
 ' (or hard- 
 iinate who 
 ishes over 
 ig the In- 
 country). 
 )8Binipink, 
 aling with 
 earn which 
 Li its flow, 
 itance weat 
 e steamer, 
 the Parry 
 >iut gradu- 
 
 fc% 
 
 »- 
 
 
 ate, who has converted it into a Preparatory School for the "West Point 
 Academy. The building north of the falls is known as Cozzens' Hotel, 
 and has a commanding and pleasant site. It is, however, one mile and 
 ahalf from the Parade Ground— the principal attraction of West Point, 
 and the visitor who has only a few days at his command, will perhaps 
 gather more information by locating at West Point proper, whose well- 
 constructed dock our steamer is now approaching. 
 
 West roiivr.— What Quebec is to Montreal uikI the "resb ol Canody," 
 West Point is to New York and our Country. Tliis may be considered 
 a mathematical formula, a sort of "rule of three " statement, but we 
 are safe in saying that these rocks are as historic if not as gray^ that the 
 view of the Hudson at this point is grander than the St. La rence, that 
 old Fort Putnam is as venerable na the Heiffhts of Abraham, and the 
 new fortifications are as pleasant if not so imposing 83 tljo walls an 1 
 Citadel of Quebec, and the sensation is something the same in botii 
 places; we feel that we are in the midst of law and authority, and at the 
 end of our first Centennial we feel justified in quoting from one oi oui- 
 
 American poets: 
 
 " What tliough no cloister gray or ivied columu ^ 
 
 Along tliis cliff their sombre ruins rear, 
 What though no frowning tower or temple Bolemu 
 Of despotrt tell and superstition here. 
 Yet sights and sounds at which the world have wondered 
 
 Witliin these wild ravines here hnd tlieir birth, 
 Young freedom's cannon from tiiete j,'lens have thuudered. 
 
 And sent their startling echoes o'er the earth. 
 And not a venluut ghide or mountain lioury, 
 But treasures up within the glorious story." 
 
 West Point Hotel. — The first thing to do is to get located at a Ho- 
 tel, and there is no finer one on the Hudson than the one we have indi- 
 cated at the opening of this paragi-aph. In fact it is the only one on 
 tiie Government Grounds, and its location is unrivaled; on one side 
 commanding the entire Parade Ground, and on the other looking out 
 upon the River two hundred feet below, with the finest view of old Cro 
 Nest and Storm King to the north, a wonderful vista of grandeur, poetry 
 and beauty. (Albert H. Craney, Proprietor). Excursion tickets from New 
 
 36 
 
 i 'i . i)fa,^ i ii: i ;:y i ija i gyu i .uii» ii j i'i' ' '' 
 
' 
 
 York to West Point and return are only $1, via the Day Line Steamers, and 
 there is ample time for looking over the grounds and taking dinner at the 
 Hotel. A new road from West Point to Cornwall is completed, and the com- 
 ing tourist of the Hudson will make this ' 'part and parcel " of his trip. It 
 is quite as smooth and enjoyable as the well-known Catskill Mountain road, 
 is " something new," and within easy reach. The panoramic view is very 
 grand, and gives one a pleasant acquaintance with the wooded Highlands. 
 It passes over the plateau of old Cro Nest, and winds down the Cornwall 
 slope of Storm King. The trip reminds one of our fi-iend Mr. Roe's 
 charming book, as in this way we are really brought 
 " Near to Nature's heart." 
 
 And, by the way, the Highlands are the scene of the story. Carriages 
 are obtained at Messrs. Denton's livery, proprietors of Omnibuses con- 
 necting at West Point Landing, and we will say here, by way of paren- 
 thesis, that the traveler who sees Storm King and old Cro Nest from the 
 river, has little idea of their extent, but the Cornw.iU road, completed in 
 the Summer of 1876, opens up all the loveliness and grandeur of this 
 section. There is no finer road in all our country, none better engi- 
 neered, none that conquers -a grade more easily, and few presenting a 
 finer outlook. 
 
 Cbo Nest Plateau is aboitt one thousand feet above the Parade 
 Ground cf West Point, and overlooks it as a rocky balcony. These 
 mountains, with their wonderful lake system, are, in fact, the " Central 
 Park " of the Hudson. Within a radius of ten miles are clustered over 
 forty lakes, and we very much doubt if one person in a thousand ever 
 heard of them. It would pay the New York Herald to discover another 
 Stanley, and find a few " Nyanzas" nearer home. We iinderstand there 
 is no map giving the physical geography of this section to be found, even 
 in the West Point Librniy. We would suggest to the professors of West 
 Point the words of Hamlet : "Reform it altogether. " 
 
 But to rettim — West Point has the most beautiful location on the Hud- 
 son, and Washington suggested this place as the most eligible situation 
 for a Military Academy. It went into operation about 1812, and the land 
 was ceded to the General Government of the United Stutes in the year 
 eighteen hundred twenty-six. The Parade Ground is situated on a fine 
 
 37 
 
 fV .-•, 
 
 y 1 
 
 -'*«3 
 
 mmtmnm tf ir ' 
 
plateau about two liundred feet above tlie river. The parade-grotuid 
 seems almost as level as a " or; aud, as the buildings are at a little dis- 
 tance from tiie river, they are only partially seen. The first building 
 on the right hand to one ascending from the landing is the riding-school 
 used in -winter. To the rear of this the public stablea, accommodating 
 one hundred and fifty horses. Then, as you ascend, the pathway brings 
 you to a now fireproof bxnlding for ofiices, a beautiful feature. To the 
 right hand of this building is the library, with a dome. The next build- 
 ing is the chapel; and next to the chapel is the old riding-hall, now 
 used for recitation-rooms, gyir-^siums, gallery of iiaintings, and mu- 
 seums. On the same street are located the cadet barracks; and to the 
 north, the oflieers' quarters. Prominent in this vicinity is the fine 
 monument to General Sedgwick. Starting again at the old riding-hall, 
 and going south, we come to the cadet hall and the cadet hospital; and 
 stUI further south, another section of officers' quarters. Near the flag- 
 staff will bo found a fine collection of old cannon, old chains, old sheU, 
 and the famous "swamp angel " gun, taken from the rebels. Fort 
 Knox was just above the landing. Near the river bank can also be seen 
 Dade's Monument, Kosciusko's Garden, and Kosciusko's Monument. 
 Old Fort Clinton was located on the plain, near the monument; and 
 far above, like a sentinel left at his post. Fort Putnam looks down upon 
 the changes of a hundred years. But of all places around West Point, 
 Kosciusko's Garden seems the finest and most suggestive, connected as 
 it is with a hero not OLly of his own country, but a man ready to battle 
 for free institutions, taking up the sublime words of the old Boman 
 orator, " Where Liberty is, there is my country." A beautiful spring is 
 near the Gordon, and the indenture of a cannon-ball is still pointed out 
 in the rocks, which must have disturbed the patriot's meditations. 
 
 West Point during the Ilevolution was the Gibraltar of the Hudson; 
 and the saddest lesson of those stern old days is connected with its 
 history. Bonedict Ai-nold was in command of this important point, and 
 the story of his treaohei-y is familiar to eveiy schoolboy. It will be re- 
 membered that Arnold met Andre at the house of Joshua Hett Smith, 
 at a place now known as Treason H^'ll, near the village of Haverstraw. 
 Major Andre was sent aa the representative of the British commander, 
 
 38 
 
 I 
 
 BH »| ijlj ll l > | l i i ( ,JI.TO.. ! HMUI4.tiWW<i^'4^ ; iiaij »i i» ' WWinl'''J" 
 
 ■M 
 
1i 
 
 Siv Heniy Clinton. Andre, with the papers and plans of Ai-nold se- 
 creted in his boots, passes down the Tarrytown road, and was arreHted, 
 as we said in our article on Tan-ytown, and the papers discovered. "With 
 this preface, our history will carry us across the river to 
 
 Gabbison, on the east side. Arnold returned from Havorstravr to 
 the Beverley House, where ho was then living. This house is situated 
 about one mile south of the Garrison Depot, near the magnificent 
 grounds and residence of the Hon. Hamilton Fish. Colonel Jamieson 
 Bent a letter to Arnold informing him of the facts, aud this letter Arnold 
 received on the morning of the 24th of September. Alexander Hamilton 
 and Genp- J Lafayette were at breakfast with him. He read its contents 
 and excused himself from the table, kissed his wife good-bye, told her 
 he was a ruined man and a traitor, kissed his Uttle boy in the cradle, 
 fled to Beverley Dock, and ordered his men to pull off and go down the 
 river. The "Vulture," English man-of-war. was near Teller's Point, 
 and received a traitor, whose living treason had to bo atoned by the 
 blood of Andre, the noble and pure-hearted officer. It is said that 
 Arnold lived long enough to bo hissed in the House of Commons, as he 
 once took his seat in the gallery, and he died friendless, and, in fact, 
 despised, "t is also said that one day when Talleyrand arrived in Havro 
 on foot from Paris, in the darkest hoiu- of the French Revolution, pur- 
 sued by the bloodhounds of the reign of terror, ho was about to secure 
 a passage to the United States, and asked the landlord of the hotel, " So 
 there are Americans staying at your house ? T. am going across the 
 water, and would like a letter to a person of influence in the New 
 World." "There is a gentleman up-slairs from Britain or America," 
 was the response. He pointed the way, and Talleyrand ascended the 
 stairs. In a dimly lighted room sat the man of whom th ^eat minister 
 of Franco was to ask a favor. He advanced, and pourec orth in elegant 
 French and broken English, "lam a wanderer, and an exile. lam 
 forced to fly to tbe New World without a friend or home. You are an 
 American. Give me, then, I beseech you, a letter of yours, so that I 
 may be able to earn my bread." The strange gentleman rose. With a 
 look that Talleyrand never forgot, he retreated toward the door of the 
 next chamber. He spoke as ha retreated, and his voice was full of 
 
 39 
 
mold se- 
 arieHted, 
 3d. AVith 
 
 jrstravr to 
 i situated 
 ignificent 
 Jamieson 
 er Arnold 
 Hamilton 
 3 contents 
 , told ber 
 bo cradle, 
 down tlie 
 r's Point, 
 ed by tlio 
 siiid tliat 
 ons, as he 
 d, in fact, 
 . in Havre 
 tiou, pur- 
 I to secure 
 lotel, "So 
 icross tbo 
 tlio New 
 America," 
 ended the 
 ,t minister 
 in elegant 
 
 ile. 
 
 I am 
 
 fou 
 
 are on 
 
 so 
 
 that I 
 
 , 
 
 With a 
 
 oor 
 
 of the 
 
 03 
 
 full of 
 
 suffering; " I am the only man of the New World who can raise his hand 
 to God and say, ' I havo not a friend, not one, in America! ' " " Who 
 ore yon ?" he cried. ' ' Your name ? " "My name is Benedict Arnold. ' ' 
 Would that our modem traitors had the same vulture at their vitals as 
 in the early days of the Republic, when treason was made odious with- 
 out the oid of politicians. 
 
 li West Point and its fortiticaticms had passed at that time into the 
 hands of the enemy, it would be diificult to say what disaster might 
 have befallou our arms; but, through all those dai'k days, when the 
 
 THE HIGFILAND HOUSE GARRISON, N. Y. 
 G. F. Gabkison, Owner and Proorletor. 
 American army literally tracked their way with blood through the snows 
 of seven winters, it seemed as if the matter wa.s entirely in the hands of 
 Divine Providence; and that the words of Pntrick Henry were evoi-y 
 day verified: "There is a just God, who presides over nation? " 
 
 As we have before stated, tha station Garrison, on the Hudson Elver 
 Railroad, is directly opposite West Point, and about half a mile from 
 the depot is the Highland House, standing on a magnificent plateau. 
 
 4° . 
 
 I. 
 
 i K n aiwjuMUi Jim, jjta«iR^«Ji!;^.^Mfte sigragi^^i^ajs>»iaiB»g'-^' 
 
 .^m' 
 
)■ 
 
 We call attention to the fact that this is not the Highland House near 
 Gozzcn's, neither is it the little house at the ferry crossing, as unplea- 
 sant mistakes have sometimes been made, but " The Highland House," 
 about four hundred feet above the river, approjmately named, lying in 
 the very centre of the Highlands. Its proprietors nro descendants of 
 the family who lived here in the time of the Revolution, from whom 
 the ferry and landing took their name. The house 1ms been receutly 
 enlarged to almost double its former capacity. Its luoation is certainly 
 
 INDIAN FAUiS, NEAB HIGHLAHi) nODSB, OABBIBON, N. T. 
 
 one of the finest along the river. The plateau is inclosed by the North 
 Redoubt and South Redoubt Mountains, reaching from Sugar-Loaf and 
 Anthony's Nose on the south, to Breakneck on the north. 
 
 Wander where you will, the surrounding mountains abound with 
 wild and picturesque glens. Poet, artist, novelist, and historian, all 
 who find books ia running brooks, continually add tJieir testimony to 
 the aootimnlftting evidence. In brief, all who wish to spend a summer 
 
 4» 
 
 < 
 
 i-i„-iu..a.— ^ 
 
 ■.^^^J■alJ<,^J4a)ji^J^^T»^■.l^,^^iijf-^ l ^,j^^^^ ^ ^^ 
 
[ouse near 
 as unplea- 
 i House," 
 1, lying in 
 mdants of 
 :om whom 
 1 recently 
 3 certainly 
 
 the North 
 >Loaf and 
 
 )und with 
 itorian, all 
 itimony to 
 a summer 
 
 > } 
 
 fe^.LLy.isrjJj;t«|»- ^ 
 
 pleasantly and profitably will find the "Highland House"— a out of 
 which is hero given— one of the finest family hotels on the Hudson 
 River. Its location is picturesque and healthy, on higher ground than 
 West Point, and commanding a full view. The scenery and drives of 
 the Highlands ai-e very #ne. 
 
 About a mile and a half to the nox-th, in a picturesque glen, are In- 
 dian Falls, well known to artists, and by them made familial* to those 
 who never had the opportunity of visiting one of the prettiest little 
 points of scenery on the Hudson. It is impossible to condense their 
 beauty into a single sketch, but we present the above cut as an index- 
 hand pointing the tourist to the real beauty of which any representation 
 would be only a shadow. With a book of poems in hand, or a walking 
 romance on one's arm, we imagine a summer's day would glide by, "as 
 golden hours on angel wings." 
 
 fhe Glen Falls are only half a mile distant; and, added to this 
 blended history and beauty, all over this eastern bank there are local 
 legends — unclaimed children of history — waiting for their relationship 
 to be acknowledged. Surely there is no place where the history of our 
 country can be studied with greater interest than among these wild 
 fastnesses, where Freedom found protection. 
 
 CoNST i TUT i bN Point. — A short distance above West Point Landing 
 the steamer turns a right angle. On the east bank, almost opposite, 
 known as Coustitutiou Island, lives Miss Susan Warner, author of 
 "Queechy" and "The Wide, Wide World," of which latter work 
 40,000 copies were sold in the United States. On this point, or island, 
 ruins of the old fort are still seen. It was once called Martalaer's 
 Bock Island. * 
 
 Cold Sfbimq. — ^A little to the north, also on east bank, is the village 
 of Cold Spring, which received its name very naturally from the fact 
 that there was a cold spring in the vicinity. A short distance north of 
 the village we see 
 
 Undebciifp, the home of the poet Morris, now owned by his son. 
 It lies, in fact, under the diffeoBi shadow of Mount Taurus, and has a 
 
 4« 
 
 . . ^,:-L-...p:,„.-w'^-i.-;j.Y- — —r r-i — ^ rrmi l W i trirtri m i>flv-w i aiKarTT-T'^''i i ""^*'''-^'7 i fTiTr ^MWf 
 
 f i wi i w i rt'M ' f ' iii iiit H iiwi Bf W ff MtBi^: ' !^ ^ 
 
 .^jgiklfw- 
 
n 
 
 fine outlook upon the river and surrounding mountains. Standing on 
 tbe piazza, we see directly in front of us Old Cro' Nest; and it was od 
 this piojtza that the poet wrote 
 
 " Wliero lludiioii's wuve o'er silvery giuidg 
 Winds tlii'oiigli tlie liilla iifiir, 
 Old Cru' NfM like a monarch stands, 
 i'ymrnfil wUh a aiiiijte, .itar." 
 
 ^ 
 
 OliD CBO NKST. 
 (From Itossing'8 "Hudsou, from the Wilderness to the Sea/') 
 
 It in said that Mrs. Morris was the original of that beautiful character 
 painted by Washington Ii-ving, in his charming essay, "The Wife." 
 
 Old Cko' Nest is the first mountain above West Point, and 1418 feet 
 high. Its name was given from a circular lake on the summit, suggest- 
 ing by its form and solitary location a nest among the mountains, and 
 
 43 
 
 ^. 
 
 %dfj 
 
 B tU*ai.WU J ll<i yi -U-UM 
 
 ■ ™™»« ' «« i i ! t ' U ! «»iB g8taa« k8iaM«awaa r: 
 
anding on 
 i it was OD 
 
 i: 
 
 1 charactei 
 ■ Wife." 
 a 1418 feet 
 it, suggest- 
 itains, and 
 
 ciC- . 
 
 this fancy soon gave a name to the entire mountain. This mountain is 
 also intimately aasociated with poetry, as the scene of Rodman Drake's 
 " Culprit Fny":— 
 
 " "fin the middle wntch of a summer night, 
 Tlie fiirth JH diiik, hut thii huiiveim lire hrit;ht, 
 The liiouii hiok« down mi Old Cro' NuBt — 
 _ She MieUowB ihu tiliudu on h'm bhiiggy hieuBt, 
 
 And BffiiiH hia huge grey form to llirow 
 In a ailver cone ou the wave helow," 
 
 Stobm King, to the north of Cro' Nost, is the higlicwt peak of the 
 Higlilauds, being 1800 feet above tido water. Its first name was 
 KUnkersborg, alterwiird called Butter Hill, and chrLsteuod by Willis 
 Storm King. This mountain forme the northern portal of the High- 
 lands, on the west side. Breakneck is opposite, on the east side, where 
 St. Anthony's Face was blasted away. In this mountain solitude there 
 was a shade of reason in giving that solemn countenance of stone the 
 name of St. Anthony, as a g(jod rc^ia-esentution of monastic life; and, 
 by a qiiiet sarcasm, the full-length nose below was probably thus sug- 
 gested. 
 
 The Highlands now tr<>nd oflP to the northeast, and we see the New 
 Beacon, or Gniud Siu'hem Mountain, 1685 feet high, and abotit half a 
 mile to the north, the Old B<«con, 1471 feet in height. The.se moun- 
 tains woro used for signal .stations during the Revolution. They 
 were called by the Indiana the Matteawan, and the whole range Oi 
 Highlands were sometimes referred to as tho Wcqiiehachko, or the Hill 
 Country. It was also believed by the Indians that, in ancient days, 
 "before tho Hud.son poured its waters from tho lakes, the Highlands 
 formed one vast prison, within whose rocky bosom the omnipotent 
 Manito confined the rebellious spirits who repined at his control. 
 Here, bound in adamantine chains, or jammed in rifted pines, or 
 crushed by ponderous rocks, they groaned for many an age. At length 
 the conquering Hudson, in ita career toward the ocean, burst open their 
 prison-house, rolling its tide triumphantly through the stupendous 
 ruins." An idea quite in accordance with modem science. ( 
 
 44 
 
 II 
 
 max^mam ms?- 
 
The Bteamor ia now pussiug close to tho biiBo of old Storm King, 
 and wo get u fluo view of tliia mouutaiu rock, with sidcH ull si'tUTod 
 ami toru by storma iiml lightning. Aliuo«t boforo uh, to t]w right, 
 
 wo BOO 
 
 Polui'i;i.'h Island, Hupvoscd by the ludiium to bo ii Hiipernatiu-iil 
 
 X7FFEB ENTBANOE TO THE HIGHLANDS, FBOM COBNWALL liANDING. 
 
 (From LoBHlug's "HucIhou, IVoiu tho Wilderness to tho Sou.") 
 ■pot. The island, however, has a littlo romauco connected with ib, 
 which is decidedly supernatural. Some fair Katiina of the ueigUbor- 
 hood, a great many years ago, was beloved by a farmer's lad. She re- 
 ciprocates, but, by coquettish art, was playing the (sad aavoc) with 
 
 » young minister's affections. One w 'nter evening, minisicr and Ka- 
 
 45 
 
 V- 
 
m King, 
 
 1 Hl'tU'l'Oll 
 
 iiu right, 
 crnutiu'iil 
 
 i 
 
 >(DINO. 
 
 T with it, 
 iioighbor- 
 . Sho re- 
 avoc) with 
 r nnJ Ka- 
 
 
 trina were driving on the ico, near this iBlond. The farnior « sou very 
 naturally was alBO driving in tlio b<ui,c vicinity. Tho ico broke. aaU 
 miniBtcr and young lady were reacuo.l by tho bold youth. Tho minister 
 discovers that Kutrina and young Ilendrich both lovo each other and 
 there, under tho moonlight, on that Hupornatural i«laud, with solemn 
 ceremony, unites them in bonds of holy iaatrim<.ny. It .,ught henceforth 
 and forever to bo called tho ' ' Lover.' Island. " This pleasing story pre- 
 Bonts tt strong contrast to tho sad fato of a wedding-party at tho Dans- 
 kammer Bock, to which we shortly refer. Wo uro now ncanng the 
 pleasant village of 
 
 CoBNWALi-ON-THE-IIuDHOK, tho locality N. P. Willis Selected as tho 
 most healthy and pietiucsquo point of tho Hudson. Tho village lies in 
 a lovely valley which Mr. Beach has styled, in his able doscnption, "as 
 nn off-shoot of tho Bamapo up which tho storm winds of tho ocean drive 
 laden with the purest and freshest air. Sweeping through tho Moodna, 
 they come to us in all their delicious sweetness, driving before them and 
 beyond them all impurities and poisonous exlialations. " From tlie Corn- 
 wali und West Point Moiuitain road, (which wo referred to while speak- 
 ing of West Point), we get tiio best idea of tho topography of this shel- 
 tered valley and the Cornwall of the interior, a running village of pleas- 
 ant residences and villas about two miles in length. Idlewild, with its 
 pleasant glen and sunny slope, has a beautiful location in the very cen- 
 tre of this charming landscnoo and is ono of tho points to bo visited. 
 Cornwall is also tho homo of the Eev. E. P. Boe, a gentleman who has 
 achieved marked success in two departments. ICnown to tho world at 
 large as a successtul author whose works have had a sale of 100,000 cop- 
 ies during the last four years, with a continually increasing demand, ho 
 is also known in the department of fruit culture as the most successful 
 in our State. It will be remembered that he took the first premium for 
 the best and largest collection at the Now York Horticultural Society 8 
 Show of Strawberries and Boses at Gilmore's Garden, and we have seea 
 it announced recently that he sold last sprmg over a million of i> Uinta of 
 
 various kinds. „ ,t -.r i u r lu 
 
 The Glen ErooE House, of Cornwall, N. Y., has been open for the 
 a«JCOimnodation of summer giiests for the past 20 years under tho some 
 
 46 
 
 ' ^nji w ^J^ WH eg ! 
 
 n sAmk^mnMym^m »-ii" w^.^ x.i^4i0 t mmm 'm^mf< ' MW ^l ^^^&^ l ^^^^^' ^^ ■ ■"• 
 
manugement. It Jins recently been greatly enlarged, and has introduced 
 modern improvements in tlio •way of gas, water, spring mattresses, &c. 
 Accommodates 250 guests, and is open from May Ist to November 1st of 
 each year. There are 40 acres of oj)en grounds about the house and 
 cottages, -with glens, shaded walks, &c. Half a mile from the river, fine 
 river and mountain views, and beautiful walks and drives. Fruit, milk, 
 vegetables, &c. , produced on the grounds a specialty ; horses, carriages, 
 stages, &c., belor ging to the house. Terms, from twelve to fifteen dol- 
 lars per week. James G. Eoe, Proprietor, Cornwall, N. Y. 
 
 Newbukou. — As we nijproach the city of Ncwburgh, the toiirist will 
 see a building of rough stone, one stoiy high, ^\ith steep roof — known as 
 Washington's hoad-quartcrs, or the old "Ilasbrouck house," as it was 
 owned by Jonathan Hasbrouck, in 17S2, when Washington made this 
 city his head-quartors, (from the spring of 1782 until Augubt 18th, 1783. ) 
 The house, or at least the older portion, was built in 1 750, and here, in 
 the early part of the Ecvolution, public meetings were held, and through- 
 out the war it -^aa a central point, as Hasbrouck was a man of marked 
 character and Colonel of the militia, and in frequent service in guarding 
 the Highland passer. It will also bo remembered that it was here that 
 Washington was invited to assume Kingship, which proposition he re- 
 jected with scorn, and it is also said that the rank and file of tho Army 
 rose up against it, and around their camp fii'cs chanted the old song 
 which shewed they were men of tho Cromwell stamp — 
 
 " !No King but God." 
 It was here, also, that the army was advised to revolt, as Congress had 
 not voted supplies, and a meeting was advised by an anonymous letter, 
 but the trouble w.is arrested by the touching address and appeal of 
 Washington. His first sentence is remembered by every on'\ He com- 
 menced to rend Lis manuscript -without glasses, but was compelled to 
 stop, and as he adjusted them to his eyes, he said, "You sec, gentlemen, 
 that I have not only grown gray, but blind, in your service. " It is need- 
 less to say that tho "anonymously called" meeting was not held. It 
 ^^a8 here, also, that the army T,as disbanded, and the farewell orders of 
 Washington read. 
 
 But it would bo impossible to condense into the narrow pages of a 
 
 47 
 
 ' 
 
introduced 
 tresses, &c. 
 mber 1st of 
 
 house and 
 3 river, fine 
 i'ruit, milk, 
 , carriages, 
 fifteen dol- 
 
 toiirist will 
 —known as 
 ' as it was 
 
 made this 
 I8th,1783.) 
 nd here, in 
 id through- 
 
 of marked 
 u guarding 
 18 here that 
 tion he re- 
 if the Army 
 le old song 
 
 )ngres3 had 
 Qous letter, 
 
 appeal of 
 
 He com- 
 
 mpcllcd to 
 
 gentlemen, 
 
 It is need- 
 it held. It 
 11 orders of 
 
 pages of a 
 
 1 
 
 THE BALDWIN HOUSE, 
 
 .\ WUVKUIl, OKASeE tO., .\. ■» • 
 
 Guaranteed to be the beot appointed Hotel on the Hudson River between 
 New York and Albany. It contains all modern improvements, commanding a 
 fine view of the Hudson from West Point to New Hamburgh. Ground 203 feet 
 above tide-water. For beauty, extent and variety of scenery, it cannot be sur- 
 passed. House large and commodious ; pleasant, shaded grounds, 325 feet 
 Piazza, Open summer and winter. 
 
 FREE BUS to and from the House. Five minutes drive from steamboat 
 
 landing. 
 
 The ONLY FIRST-CLASS HOTEL, in Newburgh. 
 
 Transient Board, $2.00 per day; $8.00 to $12 per week. Special rates to 
 
 Families. 
 
 Tourists coming to Newburgh to visit Washington's Head-quarters can take 
 Dinner at the House, and then ride from House to Head-quarters, have 30 min- 
 utes there, and return to landing in time for down Roat. Bus charge only lOc. 
 Those not wishing Dinner will find Bus on dock for Head-quarters. Fare 10c. 
 SiMIIXH & ^rAI^XEKIttlBE, Proprietor*. 
 Look out for the Baldwin House Bus. . ' 
 
 !ag;^Ji W' '' fa"*» '"''^ - ' *'' 
 
 *w! ! >»j;'Wg s sw ! S i % '*i a w s i w Mwiiwww- wg a < TO !a-B" ' g< '' 
 
general Guide the many facts of interest which cluster about these old 
 ■walls. We will only present a brief sketch of what the visitor will see 
 to-day w ><< spends an hour or more among the relics of a hundred years 
 ago, u"d ^e will refer the reader for more particular information f/) tlie 
 catalog of manuscripts and relics, to be had of the Superintendent of 
 the hous3, pubUshed by Mr. E. M. Ruttenber, who has done much for 
 the Hudson Valley, and Orange County in particular. 
 
 The Head-quarters are about one-half mile from the Landing, and the 
 tasty park which encloses it, well filled with trees, affords cheerful shade 
 and ' ' cool comfort " to the visitor. It retains a few warlike suggestions, 
 in the shape of cannon and artillery, of modern construction, and the grave 
 of Uzal Knapp, the last of Washington's Life Guards, The grounds 
 consist of five acres, and command a fine view of the Highlands and the 
 River north and south. 
 
 The room that we enter by the front porch, abounds with relics in the 
 shape of old pictures, parchments, manuscripts, many of which are very 
 valuable, Li the room on the right the visitor will register his name, 
 and add one to the 235,000 signatures who have gone this way before 
 him. In the room beyond this to the right, is an old piano, of most har- 
 monious discord, only 119 or 120 yeirs old. In the room opposite this, 
 are swords and muskets of different styles and patterns, each with its 
 own history of the long struggle. The fire-place, open to the sky, is of 
 the antique pattern, and it requires no great stretch of the imagination 
 to surround ft with the old heroes that were here gathered a century ago. 
 Newburgh can indeed be proud of this Thesaurus, or Treasure house of 
 the century. The city rises from the river in a succession of terraces — 
 has a population of about twenty thousand— was settled by the Pala- 
 tines, in 1708, 
 
 FisHKiLL Landing and Matteawan, directly opposite, pleasantly lo- 
 cated under the Fishkill ^lountains. One mile south of FishkiU Land- 
 ing the Columbia and Duchess Railroad connects with the Hudson River, 
 and forms a direct route to Hartford via the Connecticut Western Rail- 
 road from Millerton; but the route via Poughkeepsie and Eastern Rail- 
 road is preferred. The view from Beacon Mountain is worth the ascent, 
 and the tourist ought not to neglect the opportunity. 
 
 48 
 
J. 
 
 HILLSIDES FOR TWENTY MILES— THE PICTUBKSQXJIL 
 
 " By woody bluff we steal, by loaniug lawn, 
 By palace, village, cot,— a sweet surpriee 
 At every turn the vision breaks upon." 
 
 Low Point, or Carthage, is a small village on the east bank, about 
 four miles north of Fishkill. It was called by the early inhabitants 
 Low Point, aa New Hamburgh, two miles to the north, was called High 
 Point. Almost opposite Low Point, on the west bank, is a large flat 
 rock, covered with cedars, known as the 
 
 DtnrvEii's Dans Kammeb. — Here Hendrich Hudson, in his voyage up 
 the river, witnessed an Indian pow-wow — the first recorded fireworks 
 in a country which has since delighted in rockets and pyrotechnic dis- 
 plays. Here, too, in lalor years, tradition relates the sad fate of a 
 wedding-party. It seems that a Mr. Hans Hansen and a Miss Eatrina 
 Van Voorman, with a few friends, were returning from Albany, and 
 disregarding the old Indian prophecy, were all slain: — 
 
 '' For none that visit the Indian's den, 
 Retnrn nj^iiin to tlie liannts of men , 
 The l<nilo ib ♦heir doom! O sad is their lot I \ 
 Beware, bewar-n of the blood-stniiied Bpot!" 
 
 Some years ago this spot was al30 searched for the buried treasures 
 of Captain Kidd, and we know of one river pilot who still dreams semi- 
 yearly of the (? finding countless chests of gold. 
 
 Two miles above, on tlie east side, we pass New Hamburgh, at the 
 mouth of Wappinger's Ci' ok. Ths name Wappinger had its origin 
 from \A'uhiin, east, imd Aeki, land. This tribe held the east bank of 
 the river, from Manhattan to RoeiiflTo Jansen's Creek, which empties 
 into the Hi sou near Livingston, c few miles south of Catskill Station 
 on the Hud u Eiver Railroad. Passing the little villages of Hampton, 
 Marlborough, lud Milton, on the west bank, and we see on the east 
 bank, 
 
 49 
 
 •Mia 
 
 -^ 
 
V 
 
 LoouBT Gbovb, residence of the late Prof. S. F. B. Morse, inrentor of 
 the electric telegraph, who for all time will receive the congratulations 
 of every civilized nation, and the Avliole globe is destined one day to 
 speak his language. Yes, the islands of the sea, and the people that 
 sit afar oflf in darkness, are beginning to feel the pulses of the world 
 through the "still small voice" whispering beneath ocean and river, 
 and across mighty continents, "putting a girdle round the earth in 
 forty minutes," Uke the fuiry of Mvhwnmer-Nighfs Dream. 
 
 We now see Blue Point, ou the west bank; and, in every direction, 
 we have the finest views. The scenery seems to stand, in character, 
 between the sublimity of the Highlands and the tranquil dreamy 
 repose of the Tappan Zee. It is said that under the shadow of these 
 hills was the favorite ancliorago of 
 
 The Stobm Ship, one of our oldest and therefore most reliable 
 legends. The story runs somewhat as follows . Years ago, when New 
 YorV was a village— a mere cluster of houses on the point noAv known 
 as the Battery— when the Bowery was the farm of Peter Stuyvesant, 
 and the Old Dutch Church on Nassau Street (now used as the post-office) 
 was considered the country— when communication with the old world 
 was semi-yearly instead of semi-weekly or daily— say one hundred and 
 fifty years ago- the whole town one evening was put into great com- 
 motion by the fact that a ship was coming up the bay. She approached 
 the Battery within hailing distance, and then, saiUng against both wind 
 and tide, turned aside and passed up the Hudson. Week after week 
 and month after month elapsed, but she never returned; and whenever 
 a storm carae'down on Haverstraw Bay or Tappan Zee, it is said that 
 she could be seen careening over the waste; and, in the midst of the 
 turmoil, you could hear the captain giving orders, in good Low Butch; 
 but when the weather was pleasant, her favorite anchorage was among 
 the shadows of the picturesque hills, ou the eastern bank, a few miles 
 above the Highlands. It was thought by some to be Hendrich Hudson 
 and hia crew of the "Half Moon," who, it was well known, had once 
 run aground in the upper part of the river, seeking a northwest passage 
 to China; and people who live in this vicinity still insist that under the 
 
 5° 
 
 1- 
 
oalm haryefijb moon and the pleasant nights of Septenaber, they see her 
 under the bluff of Blue Point, all in deep shadow, save her topsails 
 glittering in the moonlight. Perhaps it was this quiet anchorage that 
 gave the name to 
 
 PouGHKEBPsiE, Queeu City of the Hudson, — derived from the Indian 
 word Apokeepsing, sigiiif jiug safe harbor. Near the landing is a bold 
 rook jutting into the river, known as Kaal Bock, signifying barren 
 rock; and perhaps this also furnished a safe harbor or landing-place for 
 those days of birch canoes. It is said there are over forty different 
 ways of spelling Pouglikeepsie, and every year the Post-Office Becord 
 gives a new one. The first house was built in 1702 by a Mr. Van Eleek; 
 and we believe the State Legislature held a session here in 1777 or 1778, 
 when New York was held by the British, and Kingston had been burned 
 by Vaughn. Ten years later, the State Convention also met here for 
 ratification of the Federal Constitution. (For further historical par- 
 ticulars see Barber's Historical Collection of New York, or the State 
 Becords.) The city has a beautiful location, and is justly regarded the 
 finest residence city on the river; and it is not only midway between 
 New York and Albany, but it is also bounded by a historic and poetic 
 horizon midway between the Highlands and the Catskills, commanding 
 a view of the mountain portals on the south and the mountain overlook 
 on the north — the Gibraltar of Eevolutionary fame and the dreamland 
 of Bip Van Winkle. The magnificent steamers which ply daily between 
 New York and Albany, thirty trains on the best-appointed railroad in 
 the country, and fine steamers of home enterprise, make the traveling 
 facilities complete. The city has a population of 22,000 inhabitants — 
 the largest between the capital and the metropolis. In addition to its 
 natural beauty, Poughkeepsie is noted throughout our country for refined 
 society, and as a nucleus of the finest schools in our country. 
 
 Just before the river boats land at Poughkeepsie we see upon our 
 right, as we come up the river, a large structure, the " Riverview Mili- 
 tary Academy." It crowns a fine eminence looking off toward the 
 Highlands on the south, and the Catskills to the north and west. It is 
 most thoroughly ventilated, and heated by steam throughout. Water 
 
 5> 
 
 rf'Mil'it - 
 
 W WiiMUOWtWji t r 
 
. «]««S^a9iM».«S»-w<»»«i.-».«»«(~»*«=»-'-«t«P'A'»,giK»^ ■ 
 
 is accessible on every floor, and the room of each pupil i« pleaaant and 
 commodious. The views are delightful in every direction, as will be 
 seen from the cut here given. Mr. Bisbee has met with the mo«t 
 marked success in training boys for business, college, for West Point, 
 and other militaiy and naval institutions. In fact, ho works for an 
 education which rosiilts in force of character— the true aim of all 
 education. 
 
 RiTERViRW Military Academy. 
 
 A wide-awake thorough-going School for Boys wishing to bo trained for Buflneas, for College, oi 
 for West Point or the Nnval Academy. 
 
 OTIS BISBEE, A. M., PRINCIPAL AND PROPRIETOR. 
 
 We would also mention "Vassar College" and "Poughkeepsie 
 female Academy," the latter under the rectorship of the Eev. D. G. 
 Wright, AM. It is located iu the central part of the city, and has long 
 been distinguished for its thoroughness of instruction and carefulness 
 of supervision. The buildings are ample and commodious; the rooms 
 large, well ventilated, and furnished with regard to taste, oonTenienee, 
 
 S2 
 
 ■JJU!!,! ', w>Lu(s5,'.«i^4,,-, 
 
^^^Szj^._ 
 
 •^' 
 
 

 and homo comfort. The laboratory is furnished with an excellent phil- 
 osophical, chemical, and BBtronomical apparatus. Pupils are carried 
 through a collegiate course, or fitted to enter anj class in Vassar College. 
 For many years this Academy has ranked among the first in our State 
 in edixcational spirit and progress ; and there are few if any places, where 
 young ladies acquire a more healthy mental or moral education, a more 
 finished and perfect symmetry in the development of mind and heart. 
 We present a cut of the Academy on tlie opposite page. 
 
 Vassab College is not seen from the river, and the Hudson Biver 
 State Hospital for the Insane, a large brick structure, two miles north of 
 Poughkeepsie, is often mistaken for it by tourists. If the College had 
 been located either north or south of the city, on some commanding site, 
 it would have been one of the finest landmarks of the Hudson. Matthew 
 Vassax, the founder, accumulated a large fortune as a brewer, and left 
 behind him in this stately structure and generous endowment, " a mon- 
 ument more lasting than brass." The white building above the dock, is 
 the Vassar Brewery. The College is two miles east from the Landing, 
 connected with it by horse railroad. 
 
 Eastman Business College is also one of the fixed and solid Institu- 
 tions of Poughkeepsie, located in the vei^ heai't of the city. It 
 has done good work in preparing young men for business, and 
 has probably done more to make Poughkeepsie a familiar word 
 in every household throughout the land, than all her other Institutions 
 combined. It was fortunate for the city that the energetic founder 
 of this College selected the central point of the Hudson as the 
 place of all others most suited for his enterprise, and equally fortunate 
 for the thousand young men who yearly graduate from this Institution, 
 as the city is beautifully located and set like a picture amid picturesque 
 scenery. Every department of the College is thoroughly organized, and 
 the course of training forms a good supplement to eA'ery young man's 
 education. The mere literaiy student is often launched upon the sea 
 of life with very little knowledge of the practical. The idea of " East- 
 man College " is to teach the young man what heneedn to know. The 
 College was never more successful than to-day, and its reputation, like 
 the Pacific Eailroad, reaches from New York to San Francisco. 
 
 S3 
 
 '%. 
 
 *«*!*BSMafeS^s- 
 
 
I 
 
 ^1 
 
 I 
 '■ 
 
 i 
 
 EASTMAN NATIONAL BUSINESS OOLLEOE. 
 Poughkeepsie, N, Y. 
 
 11 
 
We also take pleaiare in our genetal deaoriptioD of Ponghkeepaie, ia 
 referring the traveler to the new Hotel, the " Nelson House, '• opened to 
 the public in May, '76. Any city has a right to oongratulate itself on 
 the possession of a first-olaaa and well managed " Honse," and we speak 
 with safety the yerdict of trarelers that this is by far the finest between 
 New Tork and Albany, and ranks with the Tery best in the Oonntry. 
 
 NELSON HOUSE, rOVGHKKEPSlE, N. Y. (A. 1'. IUjACK, I'KOPIUETOlt. ) 
 
 [Also proprietor of the Stony Brook Hiuipe, PnlensvlUis Greene Co., which baa recently been 
 erected aud fnrulshed at an cxpi use of tweuty-tiv.- tliousund dollars. AccommoUation* 
 for ouo hundred and fifty boardern. Elegant hiH-iMlle track, alw) pi'dcBtriuu track, 
 croqnet Rround, trout pond, |>olil-iish pourt, culfisU and eel jjund, aud u park ouperior to 
 Central I'urk— uU fur the aecommudutlou of the gucBtH.J 
 
 Captain Black is well kuoAvn for his entlmsiasm and courtesy, and for 
 doing wtiU ■whatever he undcrtakoH. His amljition is to make the "Nel- 
 son House" equal to any in the State. The "Nelson " has a ])lea«ant 
 location on Market street, the widest and jileasantest thorough I'ai-e in 
 Poughkeepsie, only a short distance from the post-office, tclograiA 
 office, and horse cars. The CoUingwood Opera House, one of the very 
 
 54 
 
eepaie, ia 
 opened to 
 a itself on 
 we speak 
 t between 
 Ooontry. 
 
 ET01{. ) 
 
 recently been 
 omnioUatiiina 
 >Btriuu track, 
 I Huperiuc to 
 
 ly, and for 
 the "Nel- 
 a ]flea«ant 
 iighl'are in 
 tclograiih 
 F the very 
 
 ! 
 
 finest in the State, is directly opposite. The Libraiy and Y. TM. C A. 
 Reading Itooms are also near at hand, free, and open for the public. 
 
 TiiK PouoHKEEi'SiE AND Eahteiin R.B. foruis a direcft routo ttcioss the 
 country, connecting the pleasant vulleys of the Hiuleni, the Housatonic 
 and the Connecticut witli the Hudson. The drives about Tough keepsie 
 are charming in every direction. On the west is Lake Mohouk and 
 Miuiiewaakio, for which point stages connect on the arrival of the Day- 
 boat at Poughkeopsio ; or parties can secure livery of Mr. La Paugh, 
 near the landing. The Hyde I'ark drive is known the world over ; also 
 the ride over the Pouth Koad to New Hamburg and I'lshkill. 
 
 The Poughkeepsie Bridge, a pier of which will be seen ns the steamer 
 leaves the dock, wdl, when completed, connect the Eastern States with 
 the coal fields of Pennsylvania, and will form a direct route for Western 
 pasaengers. Wo clip the following from the map and jirospectus : 
 
 " The Hudson Biver is one of the great natural boundaries dividing 
 tlie United States into grand divisions or sections. The New England 
 States, east of the Hudson, including New York City, contain one-seventli 
 of the whole population of the United States, and control more than one 
 half the vianufacturimj of the nation. These States iiro the most active 
 and -wealthy, and their Ijusiness interests and capital are nearly ecpial to 
 those of all the rest of the Union. The great crossing places on the 
 Hudson, over which now passes all the mighty streams of trade and 
 travel between this great section of C(juutry and the wider and more rapidly 
 growing West, are but two: one at Albany and Troy, the other at New 
 York." 
 
 A desoription of Poughkeepsie would be incomplete witliout reference 
 to the extensive manufactory of Adriance, Piatt & Co. , which we see near 
 the river bonk as we approach the landing. . This firm commenced the 
 manufacture and sale of the Buckeye Mower, at Poughkeepsie, with 
 salesrooms in New York, in 1857 and 1858. The business has increased 
 and enlarged in their hands materially, and they have attained such ex- 
 cellence in the manufacture of their machines that their reputation is 
 world-wide. These products of American skill have been awarded the 
 highest honors in Germany, Holland, France, Belgium, Sweden, Norway, 
 Italy, Bussia, Switzerland and the United States, and are now Bold in ev- 
 exj paxt of the civilized globe. 5 5 
 
 • 'mK» m a^ . ^«MtSS»&m ' ,JB^^ S »l^ ' ^'' '' 
 
4 
 
 Alfe©»aEl© H®t©l: 
 
 « 
 
 JUNCTH>N OF 
 
 BROADWAY, FIFTH AVE. AND 24th STREET, 
 . ^ew York. 
 
 The Albemarle Hotel. 
 
 On the European Plan. 
 
 Charmingly Situated in the 
 
 most central and most beautiful part 
 
 of New York City. 
 
 XZnoTRrxx for xxxsua-y years 'to Toioris-bs azid 
 
 Travelers as oxie of tlie "best ZZotels 
 
 of -tiie Oo%aii-tr3r- 
 
 ^ \ 
 
 (• 
 
 ~ .. .^ ■ d ' rStMitJl ' VMJtBm. 
 
1 
 
 t) 
 
 :reet, 
 
 Plan. 
 
 part 
 
 ;s SLZid 
 sels 
 
 
 MINNEWASKA MOUNTAIN HOUSE, 
 Lake Minnewaska. 
 
 /-^^^^BP a. K. a a. H. SmII'I:^, Proprietor.. 
 
 On the Bummit of the Shawangunk Mountains, 7 miles from Lake Mohonk. 
 
SSS^ISK:-: 
 
 As the steamer leaves Poughkeepsie, we see New Paltz Landing, al- 
 most opposite, and Hyde Park, on tlie East bank, six miles above Pough- 
 keepsie. Then Staatsbiirgh Station, on the east side ; and then Ehine- 
 beck, ninety miles from New York. Bondout, or City of Kingston, at 
 the mouth of Rondout Creek, is directly opposite Ehinebeck Landing. 
 This is the eastern end of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, and the point 
 of departure for the 
 
 OVEBLOOK Mountain Hoose, which we can distinguish from the deck 
 of the steamer, near the summit of Overlook Mountain. The elevation 
 of this hotel is five hundred feet higher than any other on the Catskills, 
 or in the State, and the view, from the hotel embraces an area of 30,000 
 square miles. To the east the valley reaches away with its towns and 
 villag-s ti the blue hills of Massachusetts and Connecticut, and through 
 this beautiful valley, the Hudson for a hundred milei, is reduced to a 
 mere ribbon of light. The house, completed in the Spring of 1878, is 
 well furnished, heated by steam, lighted with gas, connected with the out- 
 side world by telegraph, and two mails daily. Echo Lake and tlie pic- 
 turesque falls of the Plattekill, are respectively one mile and a-half and 
 three miles distant. The traveler will take the Ulster and Delaware 
 Road from Rondoiit to West Hurley, where the pleasant stages of the 
 " Overlook" are in waiting for evexy train. 
 
 RmNEBECK is two miles from Rhinecliflf Landing, and is one of the 
 finest towns in Duchess County. It was named, as some say, by com- 
 bining two words — Beekman and Rhine. Others say that the word beck 
 means cliif, and the town was so named from the resemblance of the cUffs 
 to those of the Rhine. 
 
 The De Garmo Institute, at Rhinebeck, Prof. De Garmo Principal and 
 Proprietor, is one of the most thorough and complete of Academies, and 
 is always full. Its Classical and Scientific Departments are superior. 
 
 RoNDorrr had it j derivation from the redoubt that was built on the banks 
 of the creek. The creek took the nr.me of Redoubt Kill, afterward Eun- 
 dout, and then Rondout. The old town of Kingston was once called Es- 
 opus, on Esopus Creek, which flows north and empties into the Hudson, 
 at Saugerties. The Indian name for Kingston was At-kar-kai-ton, (the 
 great plot or meadow, on which they raised com or beans). 
 
 57 
 
 -^ 
 
 .-(J 
 
 ■■■ 
 
^ 
 ^ 
 
 § 
 
 
 a. A 
 
 tz<H "-WE 
 
 O 
 
 O 
 
 a 
 
 ". 
 
 '»«Trt»rna i iTw i TrTn a.yM»*M n >< v i ^i'i i r»:* ««>< » , " ■ i ^ ii i.i iw tfj ;!! I iiii< i*t*t •* 
 
THE CATSKILLS— BEAUTY. . 
 
 " And Boon tlie CatekilU print the distant sky, ^ 
 
 And o'er their airy topg the faint clouds driven, 
 Bo softly blending that the cheated eye 
 Now questions which is earth or which is heaven." 
 
 We have now approached the fifth division of our river, guarded by 
 the most classic range of mountains in our country. By a natural 
 ascendancy they have many counties of the Hudson under their juris- 
 diction — Ulster, Greene, and Albany, on the west bank; and Duchess, 
 Columbia, and Eensselaer, on the east. 
 
 The first jjlace above Ehineclifif, oar last landing:, is the village of 
 
 Baeexiown, on the east bank, ninety-eix miles from New York. It is 
 said, when Jackson waa President, and tliis village wanted a post-office, 
 that ho ,vould not allow it under tlif name of Barrytown, from personal 
 dislike to General Barrj, and suggested another name. But the people 
 were loyal to their old friend, and wejii withotU a post-office until a new 
 administration. The rime Barrytown, therefore, stands as a monu- 
 ment to pluck. The place is known among the old settlers as Lower 
 Bed Hook Lauding. 
 
 Saugebties.- -The first landing above Ehinebeck is at Saugei-ties. The 
 Pier is nearly | of a m^Vi in length, almost as long as the one at Piermont. 
 It was completed in the spring of 1877, and " opened up " with an excur- 
 sion, the first trip of tho Day Boat. The village is about a irile from the 
 Landing, a town of about 6,000 inhabitant i, tho largest in Ulster County. 
 
 TivoLi is almost opposite Saugerties, and connected with it by ferry. 
 One of the mansions of the old Livingston family is near the village. 
 
 Gekmantown, 105 miles A-om Kew York, is on the east side. A short 
 distance above, the Eoeliffe Jansens Kill flows into the Hudson. This 
 stream, called bytheLjdians the Sankpenak, was the boundary between 
 the Wappingers on the south and the Mohegang on the north. Near 
 its mouth is the old Claremont estate — the original Livingston manor. 
 Here Fulton's i^roject foiind special favor, and he was materially aided 
 by the sympathy and generosity of Chancellor Livingston. The fi/st 
 steamboat on the Hudson made its first trip the early part of September, 
 
 59 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 %: 
 
 I 
 
 ^■a 
 
1807, and was called the "Claremont" as a testimonial of gratitude. 
 The trip from NeAv York to Albany, in thoae "good old days," took 
 ahmit forty hours {vide Lossing's " Wilderness to the Sea.") 
 
 Catskill Landing is just above the mouth of the Catskill, or Kau- 
 terskill Creek. It is said that the Creek and mountains took their name 
 from the following fact : It is known that each tribe had a totemia 
 emblem, or inide banne" ; the Mohegans had the wolf as their emblem, 
 and some say that the word Mohegan means the enchanted wolf. 
 (The Lenni Lenapes, or Delawares, at the Highlands, hail the turkey 
 as theii- totem.) Catskill was the southern boundary of the Mohegans 
 on the west bank, and here they set up their emblem. It is said, from 
 this lact. the stream took the name of the Kaaters-kill. The large cat 
 and wolf were at least similar in appearance, from the mai'k of King 
 Aepgin in his deed to Van Eensselaer. Perhaps, however, the moun- 
 tains at one" time abounded in these animals, and the emblem may be 
 onlj' a coincidence. 
 
 Peospect Pakk Hotel. — The first thing that attracts our attention 
 as the steamer nears the landing, is a fine hotel, well known to the 
 public throiigh a successful ten years' adminsti-ation — the Prospect 
 Park Hotel : L. F. Bogardus, Proprietor. This plateau, two hundred 
 and fifty feet above the river, is appropriately named ; for, as you .sit on 
 the broad piazza which almost suiTounds the hotel, you can see to the 
 south, the valley of the Hudson for thirty miles— the "Man in the 
 Mountain," and the whole range of the Catskills ; to the north and 
 northeast, the Green Mountains of Vermont, and, whichever way you 
 look, it seems as if the river lay at your feet. The gi'ounds are twenty 
 acres in extent, and are well adapted to the chief design. Guests can 
 find either shade, sunshine or quiet. It was first opened in 1870, and 
 within these ten years the proprietor has been compelled to enlarge 
 it to more than treble its former capacity. The main building is 
 now two hundred and fifty feet front, with wing one hundred and fifty 
 feet by forty. There are three hundred and seventy feet of two-storied 
 piazza, sixteer feet wide, supported by Corinthian pillars twenty-five 
 feet high. We think it is safe to say that it is the most airy and cheer- 
 
 60 
 
 iWftU Bl M WI Wi i llWl 
 
n 
 
 /ul hotel on the river bank between New York and Albany. Like 
 Aladdin's Palace it sprung up all at once, white and beautiful, and gave 
 life, as it were, to the whole landscape. It is one of the few hotels that 
 had the good fortune to become prominent all at once; and this popu 
 larity Avas not accidental, but owing to many causes: its fine location — 
 its enchanting views — its splendid management. Moreover, the fresh 
 bracing air from the Catskills makes Catskill one of the pleasantest 
 places to spend the heat of the &aiumer, or the noontide of the year; 
 
 IRVING HOUSE, H. A. Pekson, Proprietor. 
 
 Free Omnibus nraning from the House to nil Boatr ami TraiD*. 
 
 and, indeed, a snmn.er tour is not complete unless wg pay Catskill 
 
 a visit. 'Prospect Pnrk stages and caniagea meet passengers at the 
 
 landing. 
 
 Catskill VuiiiAGE. — The old Adllage, with its Main Street, lies along 
 tiie valley of the Catskill Creek, not quite a mile from the Caxiseway 
 Landing, and preserves some of the features of the davf^ when Knicker- 
 hocJeei' was accixstomed to pay it an annual visit. Its location seems to 
 
 61 
 
 ^Ite. 
 
"^^ 
 
 bany. Like 
 ul, and gave 
 V hotels that 
 d this popu 
 le location — 
 31, the fresh 
 I pleasantest 
 of the year; 
 
 pay Catskill 
 Qgers at the 
 
 et, lies along 
 he Causeway 
 lien K?itcker- 
 ion seems to 
 
 m^ 
 
 »'<'^" rg t wiw fc!V»»SSqBBSil'!Jff»^ 
 
 / 
 
have been chosen as a place of seciirity-— out of sight to one voyaging 
 up the river. It has, however, grown rapidly during the last. few year*, 
 and the northern slope is covered with fine residences, all of which 
 command extensive views of the Hudson, A now hotel, long needed 
 in the business part of the village, was built on Main Street in 1871. 
 It was appropriately christened the "Irving House," as Catskill owes 
 a large i^art of its present popularity— probably more than it imagines 
 — to the pen of Washington living. It is fitted up with all the conve- 
 veniences of a first-class hotel, and is kept open during the whole year. 
 
 CATSKiLii Mountain Hotjse. — For miles up and down the river, and 
 from almost any point in the six counties wo have mentioned as iinder 
 the jutisdicti u of the Co skUls, wc can see the "Mountain House," 
 three thousand /■ H above the river, like a bit of snow left on the moun- 
 tains. This hotel is only ten or eleven miles from the landing, and the 
 ride from the village is pleasant and romantic. This hotel has been for 
 years the favorite summer resort on the river, and its popularity is con- 
 tinually on the increase. No European traveler ever thinks of leaving it 
 unvisited. The Catskills and Niagara Falls are two points knoim every- 
 where. 
 
 These mountains are, indeed, the glory of the Hudson, and have 
 been poetically termed, "the ever-changing legendary Kaatsbeigs." 
 They were called by the Indians the Onti-o-ras, or Mountains of the 
 Sky, as they sometimes seem like clouds along the horizon. This range 
 of mountains was supposed by the Indians to have been originally a 
 monster who devoure<l all the children of the Eed Men, and that the 
 Great Spirit touched him when he was going down to the salt lake to 
 bathe, and here he remains. "Two little lakes upon the summit were 
 regarded as the eye* of the monster, and these are open all the summer; 
 but in the winter th*y are covered witfc a thick crust or heavy film; but 
 whether sleeping or waking, tears always trickle down his cheeks. 
 Here, according to Indian belief, wan kept the great treasury of 
 storm and sui«^ine, presided or** by asa old squaw spirit who 
 dwefe on th*^ higliost j)eak of the mountains. She kept day and 
 night i^ai. up in her w%wam, l«tting out only one at a time. She 
 
 6^ 
 
 ■cW- 
 
 J^l 
 
iG voyaging 
 t.few year*, 
 U of which 
 )ng needed 
 Bet in 1871. 
 itskill owes 
 it imaginoa 
 . the conve- 
 bole year, 
 e river, and 
 ed as under 
 lin House," 
 1 the moun- 
 ng, and the 
 las been for 
 arity is eon- 
 of leaving it 
 mown every- 
 
 1, and have 
 [aatsbeigs. " 
 )ains of the 
 This range 
 originally a 
 ad that the 
 salt lake to 
 ummit were 
 ;he summer; 
 ivy film; but 
 his cheeks, 
 treasury of 
 spirit who 
 pt day and 
 time. She 
 
 A 
 
 PS-tiS" a 
 
 " 2. is 
 
 "101 tl) 
 r -. ff .•-< o J\ 
 
 ts e> 
 
 2.3- - 
 
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 a >w» < ai«miii»sjfliB«t WKa<M 
 
 ■Mlitai^frnMaiMHP 
 
manufactured new moons every month, cutting up the old ones into itars, 
 and, lilte the old iEolus of mythology, shut the windf: up in the caverns 
 of the hills." A morning view from this clitT will be remembered a life- 
 time ; at least we remember, as if it were yesterday, a July morning three 
 years ago. We rose at 8.80, at least an hour before 
 
 "Niglit miirmured to the morning, — 
 Lie still, oil I lovo, lie still." 
 
 Patiently we waited the sun's tvdvent, and as the rosy dawn announced 
 the morning coming with " looks all vernal and with cheeks all bloom," 
 tho windows of the Mountain House, one after another, began to reveal 
 undreamed visions of loveliness, and it were really difficult to tell which 
 liad the deeper interest, the sun's rising in the east, or the daughters 
 in the west. The rosy clouds of the one, tho tender blushes of the 
 other; tho opening eyelids of the morning, or tho opening eyelids of 
 innocence; the briglit ambrosial looks hanging far nnd wide along 
 the deep blue chiseled mountain side, or tlie uncombed ri[)ples which, 
 like mountain streams receiving additions from other sources, would 
 probably become bouutiful waterfalls. In four minutes more by solar 
 time, and the sun would sprinkle tho golden dust of liglit over the valley 
 of tlie Hudson. The East was all aglow, and, as we ttood musing the fire 
 burned, yes, brighter and brighter, as if the distant hills were an altar, 
 and a sacrifice was being offered up to the God of Day. It truly reminded 
 one of an Oriental dry-goods store, with costly goods in the show-win- 
 dows running opposition to the muslin and dimity-filled window-cases 
 in the west. 
 
 Cities and villages below us sprang into being, and misty ahnpen rose 
 from the valley, as if Day hiid rolled back the stoio from the Sepulcher 
 of Night, and it was rising transfigured to Heaven. Adown R(\il \.\.\\ the 
 river for the distance of sixty miles, sloojis and schooners drifted lazily 
 along, while below us the little 
 
 " I'errv-boats pliec| 
 Like Blow shuttles through tlie sunny warp 
 Of threaded silver from a tho'.'satid brooks." 
 
 Truly the Oatskills were a fitting place for the artist Cole to gather 
 inspiration to complete that beautiful series of paintings, " The Voyage 
 
 6": 
 
 i- 
 
 :;i3Hsai^K.- 
 
 ajSECs 
 
 ^- 
 
<^ 
 
 of Life," for no finer monntains in all the world overlook a finer river. 
 Irving, in writing of bis first voyage up the Hudson, " in the good old times 
 before steamboats and railroads had annihilated time and space, and driven 
 all poetry and romance out of travel," says: "But of all the scenery 
 of the Hudson the Kaatskill Mountains had the most witching effect on 
 my boyish imaginotion. Never shoU I forget the effect upon me of the 
 first view of them, predominating over a wide extent of country, — part 
 wild, woody, and rugged, part softened away into all tlie graces of cul- 
 tivation. As we slowly floated along I lay on the deck ond watched 
 them through a long summer's day ; undergoing a thousand mutations 
 under the magical effects of atmosphere; sometimes seeming to ap- 
 proach; at other times to recede; now almost melting into hazy distance, 
 now burnished by the setting sun, until in the evening they printed 
 themselves against the glowinj; sky in the deep purple of an Italian 
 landscape." On proceeding page wo presented a cat of the Mountain 
 House, fnrnislied by Mr. C. L. Beach, proprietor. This favorite summer 
 resort, so justly celebrated for its grand scenery and healthful atmos- 
 phere, will bo oppn from June Ist to October 1st. Keady access maybe 
 had at all times by Mr. Beacli's stages connecting at the village of Cats- 
 kill with tho Ilndson River steamboats and the trains on the Hudson 
 River Railroad. Tw miles from the hotel are tho Kaaterskill Falls. 
 The waters fall perpendioulurly 1 75 feet, and afterward 85 feet more. 
 A sort of nm|iliithoater behind tho ciiscado is tlie scene of one of Bryant's 
 
 fltiesi |iiii>||lri I 
 
 " from greens mid shades vvliero tho CattersklU leaps 
 From clifTa where the wood flowora dnig;" 
 
 and wo recall the linos which ex|)i-e8S «(/ l/#jSi»iiM)/ ihn »rell /ligh fatal 
 
 dream : — 
 
 " Of that dreaming one 
 By the base of that icy steep 
 When over his stiffening limbs begun 
 
 Tho deadly slumbers of froat to creep. 
 
 * * * * 
 
 There pags the chasers of seal and whala, 
 
 With heu- weapons quaint and grim, 
 Ai'd biind.4 (if warriors in glittering raaii, 
 
 A.nd herdsmen and hunters huge of limb, 
 There are naked arms with bow and spoar 
 
 And furry gauntlets the carbine rear 
 
 66 
 
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 mmttm 
 
 u'kmmmmpiif'"" "^ 
 
 / 
 
Thb Lattbzl HouflB has a charming location near the brow of the falli, 
 and a few steps lead one to the platform and stairs which command a 
 view of both the upper and lower falls. There ate many points of in- 
 terest within an hour's stroll, of a summer afternoon — Haines Falls and 
 Sunset Rock. From the rock at sunset we get a view of the entire ex- 
 tent of the Catskill Clove. A musket-shot in the evening wakes the 
 echoes, and, perhaps, disturbs the repose of old Hendrick Hudson's 
 men, who iire supposed to slumber here occasionally. 
 
 From tiie fine view of the Falls, furnished i)y the courtesy of the pro- 
 prietor ot tlie "Laurel, " the reader will see that the Kaaterskill consists 
 of two falls, one almost above the other. This stream is formed by the 
 stream which flows from the two lakes and Spruce Creek which unites a 
 short distance above the head of the falls. One of the plensantest walks 
 which can be made in this mountain district, we can indicate from per- 
 sonal experience. Below the stairs take the path or trial which follows 
 the course of the stream, and descend to the regular road, which passes 
 through the Clove. There are many fine " outlooks, " and one in par- 
 ticular on the right of the stream, which the pedestrian will not fail of 
 noting which gives the entire view of the fall, and the course of the 
 stream which descends rapidly the entire way to the " Clove." 
 
 For further description of these points, and in fact of all places to be 
 seen in the Catskills, we refer the reader to the new Catskill Mountain 
 Guide and Map, recently published by Mr. Walter Van Loan, of Cats- 
 kill Village. It indicates everything that is worth dct ing, and the easiest 
 way to get there, and is one of the few Guides written of any locality of 
 real service to the visitor. It indicates the "Direct path to South Moun- 
 tain," the "Path to Kaaterskill Falls," "Sunset Rock, on South Moun- 
 tain," "Palenville Outlook or High Rock," "Lovers Retreat— South 
 Mountain," "Sunset Rock and Bears Den, on North Mountain," "Haines' 
 FaUs," "Stony Clove," etc. 
 
 And we will further say that the Laurel House is central to a large 
 part of this scenery, and the Hotel, a fine cut of which is given on the 
 opposite page, is under the eflScient management of Mr. J. L. Schutt, 
 and is one of the most popular in the mountain region ; it will 
 aocommodate 250 guests. Tourists will find an obliging agent at the 
 steamboat landing, and coaches that run direct to the Laurel House. 
 
 67 
 
 ^ 
 
thefalli, I 
 mmand a 
 
 I its of in- 
 Falls and 
 ntire ex- 
 mkes the 
 Hudsou's 
 
 the pro- 
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 ed by the 
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 «st walks 
 from per- 
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 ch passes 
 le in par- 
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 rse of the 
 
 aces to be 
 Mountain 
 , of Gats- 
 he easiest 
 locality of 
 th Moun- 
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 "Haines* 
 
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About half-way up tho mountain is the place said to be the dream- 
 land of Rip Van Winkle— tho greatest ohuraoter of Amoricun Mythology, 
 more real than tho heroes of Homer or the massivo gods ot Olympus. 
 And our ago has reason to congratulate itself on tho iwnaeimion of Joweph 
 Jefferson and John Rogorn, wlio on tho stage and in tho studio hare 
 illustrated to the life this master-piece of Irving, 
 
 The out hero given repesents Eip Van Winkle at home, the favorite 
 
 of the village children. You will remember Irving says, «' tlie children 
 of the Tillage would shout with joy whenever he approached, he aasisted 
 at their sports, made them playthings, taught them to fly kites and 
 shoot marbles, and told them long stories of ghosts, witches and 
 Indians. Whenever he went dodging about tho village he waa sur- 
 rounded by a troop of them hanging on his skirts, clambering on his 
 back and playing a thousand tricks on him with impunity." Two 
 others complete the group, Eip Van Winkle on the mountains, and 
 Bip Van Winkle returned. As mil be seen above, the figure of Eip was 
 
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modelled from Mr. Jefferson, who sat for his likeness. And as we tTim 
 away from the Catskills, with theii' visions of beauty and reality of fic- 
 tion, we can only say, don't fail to hear the great actor when opportu- 
 nity occurs, don't fail to read again the story of Ii'ving, and don't 
 fail to have the flnesu group of statuary in the world, — price twelve 
 dollars each. 
 
 These, with the courtship of Ichabod and Katrina, give an artistic 
 delineation of the comic-tragedy and the tragic-comedy of the Hudson. 
 A fctamp enclosed to John Bogers, 23 Union 8quai'e, will procure a fine 
 illustrated catalogue and price-list. 
 
 Citskil) was for many years the home of Cole, the artist; and the 
 new reside lice of Church will ba seen almost ojiposite, on the east 
 bank. 
 
 Hudson, six miles north of Oatskill, was founded in the year 1784, 
 by thirty persons from Providence, R. I. The city is situated on a 
 doping promontory, bounded by the North and South Bays. Its main 
 streets, Warren, Union and Allen, ran east and west a little more than 
 a mile in length, crossed by Front street. First, Second, Third, etc. 
 Main street reaches &om Promenade Park to Prospect Hill. The Park 
 is on the bluff just above the steamboat landing; we believe this city 
 is the only one on the Hudson ihat has a Promenade ground over- 
 looking the river. It commands a fine view of the Catskill Mountains, 
 Mount Merino, and miles of the river scenery. The city has always 
 enjoyed the reputation of hospitality, and strangers receive a kindly 
 welcome. It ia the western terminus of the Hudson and Boston Bail- 
 road, which passes through Claverack, with its flourishing "Hudson 
 Biver Institute," and Philmont with its fine water power, to Chatham, 
 where connections axe made with Harlem Extension Bailroad Ipt 
 Lebanon Springs, and Boston and Albany Bailroad for Pittsfield. 
 Passengers can reach either place the same evening, or remain over 
 night and take a fresh start in the morning. The " Worth House," 
 about three blocks fr jm the landing or depot, is the best hotel in the 
 city. It has a fine location on Warren street, and has long been known 
 M one of the very pleasantest and best conducted on the Hudson. Its 
 name ia aosooiated with the orave General Worth of the Mexican War, 
 
 7» 
 
 A ^ i 
 
J^ 
 
 THE WOETH HOUSE, 
 
 TKis Hotel is plectscvjxtly situctted. 
 for si2TiiJne.r tvajvel. 
 
 Ftrst-clcLss iix all ics cLppointmertts. 
 
 ^ deliglvlfuZ siirmrhc-r TLome for 
 Families. 
 
 The sixrrouLrhiLlThg country aboJzrhcLs 
 ■vsritK hea-utiful sceizery and spUrtdid 
 drives. 
 
 CatsKill MouTLta.ux ccii preva,ils. 
 
 All letters should be audressed to 
 
 CHAS. B. MILLER, 
 
 Manager. 
 
 /;■•' 
 
.^ 
 
 ■whose fine monument Btands in front of the Fifth Avenue Hotel, in New 
 York. The Worth HouBe is built on the site of the old building where 
 the General -was bom. Charles B. Miller, Proprietor. 
 
 Columbia White StTLPEcn Spbinos.— Only four miles from the city 
 of Hudson, is the well-known Columbia Wliite Sulphur Springs, -with 
 curative reputation second to none in the United States, and Ave call spe- 
 cial attention to the analysis and statement on the opposite page. 
 
 Although but little known prior to the year 1855, at which time the 
 late Chas. B, Nash, father of the present proprietor, purchased them and 
 opened a house for the reception of visitors, the laat twenty years have 
 
 eOI.USIBIA SPRINGS HOUSE.-M. P. NASH. PiiOPniETOB. 
 
 gv.on them a national reputation, and persons now come from every port 
 of the country, recognizing the fact " that the waters of Pharpa nud Ab- 
 nah" are not as good as the waters of Columbia, ^'hei'r medicinal 
 properties are testified to by scores of phyBicians, and hundreds who 
 have been benefited and cured. 
 
 The hotel has a fine location, in the midot of a large woodland many 
 acres in extent, and wekiiow of no finer place for those requiring repose 
 and seeking relief from the excitement of business. It is peculiarly and 
 emphatically a place of rest. The atmosphere is pure and bracing, and 
 
 72 
 
 
 '^t f V-mvMn.juj—i-'^.-i'^-'- 
 
 gts:grr:rk!^ag5si;^^'rgja^?^Sw'. ^^ ^? ,giai£i^;l^' 
 
b1, in New 
 ing where 
 
 tn the city 
 :iiigB, with 
 '6 call spe- 
 
 ill time the 
 L them aud 
 yeaxB have 
 
 every port 
 
 pa aud Ab- 
 
 medicinal 
 
 dreds who 
 
 land many 
 •ing repose 
 nliarly and 
 facing, and 
 
 COLUMBIA SPRINGS HOUSE, 
 
 l/l. T*. ITASHy Fro prietOT. 
 House Enlarged to Accommodate 200 Gnests. 
 
 REFUERISHED, CARPETED AND FRESH niTINGS THRODQHOUT. 
 
 Bpriiij? Bpdn nnd Hair MattressPB In every Room. Three and a-half hours from New York, 
 FlrBt-olu!8 iDUlo while holp cU tiirough on firHt floor. Terms, $.2.00 P<^r day, a deduction 
 being made for season bo>irders four or more weeks. 
 
 Telearrsph, I.lTer]r, Billiards, Boatlns, Mnsic, 4m. 
 
 For Terms, Full pnrtlculnrs, Analysi.", Ac. Address, 
 
 M. p. NASH, P. o. Box 300, Hudson, N. Y. 
 
 THIS WATER is VThite Sulphur, and i.s universally regarded THE BEST COMBINA- 
 TION OF HEALTHY IXGKEDIKNT3 of any in the Comitry, 
 
 or all Cutaneous DiKenses, Kheumatism, Dvspppsin, General Dchility, Loss of Appetite, 
 ^w., it has no equal. For any Disarrangement of tlio Stomach or Bowels it workH hke a cliurni. 
 
 fj^ The House stands on high grounds, surroniided by a beautiful Hickory Grove, aud 
 is one of the most healthy places in the Country lo s])end the Summer. 
 
 The following is the Analysis of One Gallon of Water: 
 
 Chloride of Sodium 84.719 grs. 
 
 do Potassa 1.193 
 
 do Magnesia 31.430 
 
 Carbonate of Lime 21.794 
 
 Sesqui Chloride of Iron 3.418 
 
 Sulphato of Lime G4.941 
 
 Phosphate of Soda 2.140 
 
 Hyposulphate of Soda , 8.149 
 
 Loss 814 
 
 218.598 
 ■"Tydropulphuric Acid 4.491 cubic inches. 
 
 LETTEE FEOM S, H. SMITH, M. D,, 35 UNION 3QUABE, N. Y. 
 ilr. M. P. Nash, Esq., 
 
 Dear Sir: — The fi-rro-calcic Sulpliur Water of Columbia Springs is a powerful nltcrative, 
 indicated in cases of metallic poisoniuji, neuralgia, chronic rheumatism, laryngitis, pharyn- 
 gitis, catarrhal affectinUB, dianhcea, certain cutaneous disorders, and the tendencies to these 
 and other chronic ailments. The j)resenco of iron iu an uuusual form and liberal quantity 
 renders this water especinlly suitabhi In cases requiring tonic as well as alterative treat- 
 ment. I lose no opportunity of praising the place as it de«en'C8. 
 
 liespect fully, 
 Aug. 1st, 1876. S. HANBUBBY SMITH, M. D. 
 
 I 
 
 >i?;^:SA'^':^jii^\-si 
 
m!tritvtai i m.' mmmi : »m < mii»vm!iimitimmnrim' 
 
 the County of Columbia is proverbially healthful. There is, moreover, 
 a quiet companionship about these old trees, for "To him who, in the 
 love of nature, holds communion with their visible forms, they speak a 
 various language," a sort of dialect that never wearies you ; a gentle 
 whispering, punctuated with the song of birds. 
 
 Years ago, when we were students at Claverack, wo used to wander 
 over the hills to the Springs, and it seemed almost like returning home 
 when we recently drove through the pleasant grounds. We cannot speak 
 of it with too much enthusiasm, and we are fully satisfied that our warm- 
 est praise will be endorsed and applauded by every visitor and guest. 
 
 The drives are charming in every direction. The road from Hudson 
 is in sight of the river almost the entire distance, and the drives through 
 Clavernck and Kindcrhook are unrivaled. The Lebanon Springs are of 
 easy access by rail ; also the Catskill Mountains by boat or cars to Cats- 
 kill. Persons on route for Saratoga and the North, by stopping off one 
 train, would find a pleasant drive and a kindly reception at the hands of 
 Mr. M. P. Nash. Some time ago we saw an article clipped from the New 
 York EvunffelM, and we say with them : " Hail Columbia ! " 
 
 Athens is directly opposite Hudson. An old Mohegau village, known 
 as Potick, wns located west of Athens. 
 
 After leaving Hudson we pass Stockport on the east side, andOoxsaokie 
 on the west, (name derived from Kaak-aki, ti place of geeae). 
 
 Stutvesant, ten miles north of Hudson, on the cast bank, onoe known 
 as Kindcrhook Point. The village of Kinderhcok is the finest in Colum- 
 bia County, five miles from the landing. 
 
 The villages of New Baltimore and Coeymans are on the west bank. 
 Schodack Landing and Castleton on the east. 
 
 ScHODACK.— The township of Schodack is one of the oldest and pleas- 
 antest in the county of K«nsselser, and was the head-centre or capital 
 of the Mohegan tribe. It has its origin in the word Schoti, signifying 
 fire ; and ao.k, place ; or the place of the ever-burning council-flrc of the 
 Mohegan tribe. Here King Aepgin, on the 8th of April, 1680, sold to 
 Van Rensselcer " all that tract of country on the west side of the Hud- 
 son, extending from Beeren Island up to Smack's Island, and in breadth 
 
 two day's journey. 
 
 73 
 
 ft^ 
 
I 
 
 The Moheoan Tbibe originally occupied all the east bank of the 
 Hudson north of Boelifife Janseii's Kill, near Germantown, to the head 
 waters of the Hudson; and, on the west bank, from Cohoes to Catskill. 
 The town of Schodack was central, and a signal displayed from the hills 
 near Castleton could be seen for thirty miles in every direction. After 
 the Mohegans left the Hiidsor, they went to Westenhook, or Housa- 
 tonic, to the hills south of Stockbridge; and then, on invitation of the 
 Oneidas, removed to Oneida County, 1785, where they lived \intil 1821, 
 when, with other Indians of New York, they purchased a tract of land 
 near Fox river, Minnesota. 
 
 The Mourder's Kill flows into the rludson just above Castleton. The 
 Noi-man's Kill flows into the Hudson a few miles above, on the west side. 
 It was called by the Indians the Tawasentha, or " place of many dead." 
 
 Albany. — Its site waa called by the Indians Shaunaugh-ta-da, or the 
 Pine Plains, a name which we still see in Schenectatly. From an old 
 book in the State Library, wo condense the following description, pre- 
 senting quite a contrast to the city of to-day; "Albany lay stretched 
 along the banks of the Hudson, on one very wide and long street, par- 
 allel to the Hudson. The space between the street and the river-bank 
 was occupied by gardens. A small but steep hill rose above the centre 
 of the toAvn, on which stood a fort. The wide street leading to the fort 
 (now State street) had a Market-Place, Guard-House, Town Hall, and an 
 English and Dutch Church, in the centre. " 
 
 Tourists and travelers will be amply repaid in visiting the new Capitol 
 Building at the heatl of State street. It is open from nine in the morn- 
 ing until six in the evening. When completed it will be larger than 
 the Capitol at Washington, and will probably cost more than any 
 structure on the American continent. The staii'cases, the gi-and com- 
 dors, the Hall of Eepresentatives, and the Court of Appeal Eoom (now 
 used for the Senate Chamber) attest the wealth and gi'eatness of the 
 Empire State. The traveler up State street will note the beautiful 
 and commanding spire of "St. Paul." The Cathedral is also a grand 
 structure. The population of Albany is now about 80,000, and its 
 growth is due to three causes: First, the capital was removed from New 
 
 74 --.' : ";:-■-,--;/:--■: 
 
 iW.A ' i l ':J !' J<ltB.M«« i J ' . ' l l!' " ""* « »*' * WMJW-. g W 
 
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 STAWIX HALL ALBAM J.Y. 
 
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 UNDER NEW MANAGEMENT. 
 
 The Stakwix is located directly opposite the Now York Central anc Hudsou Blver and 
 Boston and Albany Passenger Station, and is only one block from tlie BcuMelMir ana 
 Saratoga, Bostnu, Hoosac Tunnel and Western, Delaware and Ilndson Canal Oo. s Kauway 
 Hues Station, and less than ten minutes' walk to Peoples Line and Day Line Bteamooats. 
 
 Connecting by Horse Cars every ten minutes and OmnlbuseB on arrival of Boats. 
 
 Its central location, beins? the nearest flrst-cliiss Hotel to Ballroads and Hteanaboats and 
 ths mercantile interests, makes it tlie most convenient and accessiblo Hotel iu the Ulty. 
 
 BOOMS WITH OR WITHOUT BOARD. 
 
 Rates— Jl.no per day and upward, for Rooms. 
 
 Rates for Board and Rooms— 82 50 and fH.OO per day. 
 
 Special rates will be. made for larg;i parties and permanent guests. 
 
 CBBRA aUAOKENBUSH, Manager. 
 
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 York to Albany in 1798. Then followed two great euterpriHcs, ridiculed 
 at the time by every one as the Fulton Folly and Olintun's Ditch— m other 
 words, steam navigation, 1807, and the Erie Canal, 1825. Its name, as 
 we said before, was given in honor of the Duko of Albany, although it 
 is still claimed by some of the oldest inhabitants that, in the golden age 
 of those far-off times, when the good old burghers used to ask for the 
 welfare of their neighbors, the answer was always "All bonnie," and 
 hence the name of the hill-crowned I'ity. 
 
 And now, while waiting to "throw out the plank," which puts a pe- 
 riod to our Hudson Eiver Division, we feel like congratulating ourselTPS 
 that the various goblins which once infested the river have become civ- 
 ilized, that the winds and tides have been conquered, and that the nine- 
 day voyage of Hendrich Hudson and the " Half Moon " has been reduced 
 to the nine-hour system of the " Albany " and the " Vibbard. " 
 
 Those who have traveled over Europe will certainly appreciate the 
 quiet luxury of an American steamer; and this first introduction to 
 American scenery will always charm the tourist from other lauds. 
 Three years ago it was my privilege to visit some of the rivers and lakes 
 of the old world, well known in song and story, but I imagine that no 
 single day's journey in any land or on any stream can present such vari- 
 ety, interest, and beauty, as the trip of one hundred and forty-four miles 
 from New York to Albany. The Hudson ia indeed a goodly volume, 
 with its broad covers of green lyiny open on either sic'o; and it might 
 in truth be called a condenspd history, for there is no place in our 
 country where poetry and romance arc so strangely blended with the 
 heroic and the historic, — no river where the waves of different civiliza- 
 tions have left so many waifs upon the banks. It is classic ground, 
 from the •' wilderness to the sea," and will always bo 
 
 THE POF.TS' COBNER OF OUR COUNTRY; 
 
 the home of Irving, Willis, and Monia,— of Fulton, Morse, and Field, 
 — of Cole, Audubon, and Church, — and scores besides, whose names 
 are Household Words. 
 
 76 - 
 
 <^mma0ismss!9*r^ 
 
FROM ALBANY TO PITTSFIELD. 
 
 One of tlio pleaBantest trips from Albany for tho traveler or tourist, is 
 via Boston ami Albany Railroad through the pleasant towns of Sohodack. 
 Kinderhook, Chatham and Canaan, to 
 
 PiTTSFiKLD, which ocoupieB the centre of the panoroma of hills encir- 
 cling tho county of Berkshire. The county lies upon a grand plateau, 
 having an average height of over 1,000 feet, and around this plateau rise 
 hills cf an average altitude of 1,800 fct above tide-water, or 800 feet 
 above tho park at Pittsfleld. Greylock bounds the northern view, 8,505 
 feet above the level of tho sta tho highctr point in Massachusetts. The 
 various branches of the Housatonio Eivcr here unite, filling the towa 
 with a network of "braided brooks," and there are besides, six beuutiful 
 lakelets, Onota, Pontoosuck, Eichmond, Melvill" Silver and Goodrich. 
 
 The town was first permanently settled in 1752, os the plantation of 
 Pontoosuck, taking its name from that of the district, which means the 
 "haunt of the winter deer," it being tho favorite hunting-ground of tlie 
 Mohegan Indians in winter. It was incorporated in 1761, by the name of 
 Pittsfleld, in honor of the great English Statesman who had been earnest 
 in defending it against the French and Indians. 
 
 We recently came across a very readable book, " Taghconic— The Ro- 
 mance and Beauty of the Hills "— publiwhed last year, and wo felt well 
 paid in reading carefully its 373 pages. The article on the "Villai^e 
 Green," "Pontoosuc Lake," and "PeiTy's Peak," should be read by 
 every visitor to Pittsfleld. The description of the charming landscapes 
 about WiUiamstown, and the views about "Greylock Hall," show that 
 the writer had his heart in his work. On a following page we have ven- 
 tured a description of our own, but we assure the reader that the full 
 knowledge of this beautiful resort of the Berkshires is only to be ob- 
 tained by personal visit. But to return to Pittsfleld. 
 
 The "Maplowood Instituta for Young Ladies" has a classic location, 
 with grounds famous for their wealth of adornment and beauty. We 
 present viewr in them furnished by our friends the principals. The 
 institution has been known for nearly forty years, throughout New En- 
 gland and tho entire country, as one of the most thorough and prosper- 
 oufl of its class. Among the first to provide for and give prominence to 
 
 L -77 
 
 ^J^ 
 
 *^»»^';sBEaatea^^a.^B»iia^*j^fS^Tai^^ 
 
tourist, iu 
 Boliodaok. 
 
 lills cnoir- 
 (1 plateau, 
 latcau rise 
 r 800 feet 
 'icvf, 8,005 
 otts. The 
 ; the towa 
 c beuutifnl 
 Goodrich, 
 untation of 
 meons the 
 und of tlie 
 he uamo of 
 ien earnest 
 
 ;— The Ro- 
 ve felt well 
 le "Villai^e 
 bo reod by 
 landscapes 
 ' show that 
 e have ven- 
 lat the full 
 jr to be ob- 
 
 ic location, 
 eauty. We 
 ipak. The 
 it New En- 
 ,nd prosper- 
 ominence to 
 
 ^^ 
 
 gymnastic training and to allonl ampin caliinots and apparatuH, it haw 
 (lone its work for a generation and is Htill doing it, in inetliuds now much 
 vaunted as novel and unhoaril of. The 8upcrif)rity of its advantagt^f. in 
 music and drawing has long made it a resort for pui)ilM .imbitioiw for spe- 
 cial culture in tlioso branches. It has also rocoutly instituted a cjiirso of 
 study preparatory for admission to the most exacting of our colleges, 
 besides its own regular collegiate course, One of the large buildings fif 
 the Institute has been specially fitted for summer guests, and its rooms 
 
 MAPIiE AVENUE, MAPLEWOOD, PinSFIELD, JIASS. 
 
 have for several seasons been so crowded that last year a largo wing was 
 added and also filled. The place is now widc'y and most favorably 
 known as "Maplewood Hall," and will, no doubt, bo filled the coming 
 season under the management of Mr. A. R. Mathes, known to hosts 
 of former friends as the proprietor of the Madison Bquaro Family 
 Hotel. 
 Pittsfield has now a i)oiJidation of 14,000, and is well known to the bu- 
 
 78 
 
 ^l^^s^^^mt^^gs^ta 
 
 ^ n iit^m ^ mm mi& mm m m mif m& S H m 
 
 ^ 
 
jy, ■TOff-.-i: ■<■■,■,■„ .■ .r-'^i:-:^,-^ 
 
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 f Mm km"' ' ' 
 
 W lifi "I « I 
 
 
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 ■•■4 
 
 
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 BinesB world, as . contains witlun its limits one of the oldest and safest 
 Life Insurance Companies, viz.: the "Berkshire." They have a fine 
 Building in the centre of the town, fire-proof, and the Comp<iny is as 
 solid as the structure. 
 
 Pittsfield is not only the centre of wealth and refinement, and sugges- 
 tive of the names. .Bryant, Holmes and Longf eUow, but also centrally lo- 
 cated to points of interest, to wit: Monument Mountair, Greylock, the 
 Hoosao Tunnel, Lebanon Springs, etc., and many places of interest, all 
 
 MiPLE WOOD GBOUNDS. 
 
 within easy drive. In fact, the pleaaantest drive we have had for many 
 a day, was " In the leafy m. .nth of June," from Pittsfield to Lebanon 
 Springs, at the invitation of Mr. James W. Hull. Tl) e mountain road was 
 a little rough, but like Chaucer's Canterbury Pilgrims, we beguiled the 
 way with poetry of the olden time, until there suddenly burst upon us a 
 visio: . of beauty, equal to anything which Chaucer or Spencer ever dream- 
 ed— the County of Columbia at our feet, reaching away to the Catskills. 
 
 79 
 
\'y 
 
 GREYLOCK HALL, WILLIAMSTOWN, MASS. 
 
 Greylock Hali, at the Sand Springs in Williamstown, Massaohusettfl, 
 located in one of the most picturesqae eyots in the ro)riantic valley of the 
 Hoosac, has within a few years come to rival the most popular of the 
 oi..3r watering places of a similar character. This is due m perhaps 
 equal proportion to the singular combination of beauty and grandeur m 
 the neighboring region, to the curative power of the waters and the wood- 
 land air, and to the excellence of the Hall as a Summer Hotel. North-west 
 of Greylock, and north of the village and colleges of Williamstown, the 
 valley expands into a bay-like opening ',mong the mountains, which, as 
 ib is approached from different points presents varied aspects, aU of them 
 charming- the spectator by their novel effects and bold graces. Far up 
 this expansion upon a gentle slope, half wood, half Jawn— among hills 
 which a little way back grow to be mountains, stands the Hall outlining 
 the dark background by its cheerful «jolors, and in the fashionable season 
 by its brilliant display of animated life. 
 
 Very striking and pleasing is that strong contract of glad human life 
 with the almost primeval solitude in which it is set. 
 
 Unlike the neighboring forests, the near groves are mostly of pine with 
 little or no undergrowth, affording delightful and unobstructed rambles 
 as well as cool and pleasant shades for the dance and other amusements 
 for which ample preparation is made. _ 
 
 A mountain trout-stream winds through the groves and lawns unitmg 
 a short distance below with the Hoosao river, which, a little way further 
 on offers excellent facilities for boatmg on the course just improved by the 
 Williama College students, by the munificence of Cyrus W. Field, By the 
 bye, theooUeges, just far enough off to be good neighbors, offer a pleasant 
 visit to the guests of the hall whenever they may weary of their own round 
 of pleasures; while the drives among scenes of natures loveliness are 
 vaned by excursions to the Hoosao Timnel, the curious manufcotories at 
 Nc.th Adams, and other interesting objects which aboimd in Northern 
 Berkshire. The waters of the Sand Spring; have a uniform temperature 
 of 74° F. by analysis, and have the same general character as those of 
 Lebanon Springs, Columbia Co. , IF. Y., but in their specific effects they 
 resemble and rival the famous Missisquoi Springs of Vermont, being re- 
 markably beneficial in rheumatic and cutaneous cisorders. The neigh- 
 boring people tell of marvellous cures performed by bathing in the wa- 
 ters before they became famous. They were first brought into note by 
 Dr. Charles Bailey, a successful Pittsfield Physician who had tested them 
 on several of his patients with the happiest results. Full provision is 
 made for their use, either bathing or internally. Greylock Hall is a spa- 
 cious buildiug, furnished with all the luxuries of modem hotels.. It has 
 165 feet frontage, is four stories high, and will accommodate 250 guests. 
 The views from its windows and balconies are simply superb. 
 
 79(a) ^^ 
 
 •4 
 
 X 
 
 wm, » mk^ «%-9%ih i !.mJiJ>ie:9 S^ i»MmAi«0^ v miV^^ S^^I^i 
 
44 
 
 «-»-«*•■ 
 

 DELAWAEE AND HUDSON CANAL COMPANT. 
 
 yViiBANY AND SUSQUEHANNA Depabtment.— There are few railroads in 
 our country that possess for so many miles such variety and interest as 
 the Albany and Susquehanna. All the way from Albany to Binghamton 
 the hills and valleys, the streams, rivulets, and rivers form a succession 
 of beautiful landscapes, framed in the moving panorama of a car window. 
 The railroad follows the valleys of three streams— the Schoharie, the 
 Cobleskill, and the Susquehanna. 
 
 Leaving Albany we pass through the little villages and stations of 
 Adamsville, Slingerlands, New Scotland, Guilderland, Knowersville, 
 Duanesbm-gh, Quaker Street, Esperance, and come to Central Bridge, 
 thirty-six miles from Albany, the junction with the branch road for 
 Schoharie Court-House and Middleburgh. Schoharie village, Uie county 
 seat, is situated on Schoharie Flats. First settlement made in 1711. 
 Population about fifteen hundred. The old stone church, erected in 
 1772, is now used as an arsenal. Three miles from Central Bridge, or 
 thirty-nine miles from Albany, is the celebrated 
 
 Howe's Cave, discovered on the 22d May, 1842, by Lester Howe. 
 Li interest and extent it is second only to the great Mammoth Cave of 
 Kentucky, and presents, in truth, a new world of beauty, with arches 
 and walls reaching away for miles, of which perhaps the half is only 
 discovered. Among the prominent points of interest in the cave are 
 the following, as named by Mr. Howe:— 
 
 "Beception, or Lecture Boom," "Washington Hall," "Bridal 
 Chamber," (temperature 48 deg. Fah.), where many have been nup- 
 tually tied, inchiding the two daughters of the discoverer; "The 
 Chapel," some forty feet high; "Harlequin Tunnel," " Cataract Hall," 
 " Ghost Boom, or Haunted Castle," " Music Hall," " Stygian, or Crystal 
 Lake." At the foot of the lake there are several gas-burners, giving 
 the visitor a beautiful view of that portion of the cave and lake, and the 
 side grotto near by. From thence visitors proceed by boats across the 
 
 8o 
 
 A 
 
 £. i K. ' dr.l -': M"!.V 
 

 or 
 
 A 
 
 '] 
 
 '.^m 
 
■Vf'-imifmM'- 
 
 
 lake to "Plymouth Rock," and from thence continue the journey to 
 the " Devil's Gateway," " The Museum," " Geological Rooms," " Uncle 
 Tom's Cabin," "Giants' Study," "Pirates' Cave," "Rocky Mountains," 
 "Valley otJehoshaphat*" "Winding Way,"and "Rotunda." There are 
 the usual formations, known as "Stalagmites " and " Stalactites," many 
 of them singular in form and variety. In Washington Hall are two, 
 named " Lady Washington's Hood "and " Washington's Epaulet;" and 
 beyond these are "The Harp," and numberless others. At the head 
 and foot of the lake there are two largo stalagmites, the former large 
 enough to fill the entire body of the cave, which has made it necessary 
 to excavate an artificial passage around it. Those are among the most 
 wonderful formations in the cave, and of iiartioular interest to the geo- 
 logical and scientific student. 
 
 We are only able to mark out the route in this hasty manner. To 
 speak of all the objects of interest would draw us aside fi-om the pur- 
 pose of a general guide. The " Cave House " is a fine hotel, recently 
 erected at the month of the cave, and the wants of the tourist and ex- 
 plorer will be carefully attended co. Every one should visit Howe's 
 Cave, and see these real Arabian Night beauties, so near the capital of 
 the Empire State. 
 
 The next station is Cobleskill, forty-five miles from Albany. This 
 rich and fertile valley was called by the Indians Ots-ga-ra-ga. The 
 village is thriving and flourishing. Smith's "National Hotel" is one 
 of the best on the route, and decidedly the best in the place. This is 
 also the junction of the Cherry Valley Branch, which passes through 
 Hyndsville, Seward, and Sharon Springs. 
 
 Shabon Spbings, once the rival of Saratoga, is located in a valley on a 
 hill. The streets ore well shaded, and the Sulphur Water is well known 
 for its medicinal qualities. The largest hotel is the Pavilion, and the 
 pleasantest, near the depot, is known as Feather's Hotel, The next station 
 to Sharon is Cherry Valley, a pleasant town in the north-east comer of 
 Otsego Co., and from this point a stage connects witji Richfield Springs. 
 Returning to Cobleskill, we pursue our route westward on the main line 
 
 82 
 
 L. 
 
 -I 
 
 \ 
 

 umey to 
 ' "Uncle 
 intains," 
 rhcre are 
 H,"many 
 are two, 
 let;" and 
 the head 
 aer large 
 lecessary 
 the most 
 the geo- 
 
 ner. To 
 the pur- 
 recently 
 t and ex- 
 i Howe's 
 iapital of 
 
 This 
 The 
 
 y- 
 
 I " is one 
 
 This is 
 
 through 
 
 illey on a 
 ill known 
 ., and the 
 xt station 
 comer of 
 Springs, 
 naiu line 
 
 of the Albany and Susquehanna. Wo pass through Richmondville, lying 
 in a valley on our left, East Worcester, Worcester, Schenevub and Main- 
 land, to the junction of the Cooperstown and Susquehanna Valley Bail- 
 road for 
 
 CooPEBSTOWN, one of the pleasantest villages in New York, and one of 
 the classic points of our country. It is situated on the shore of Otsego, 
 a beautiful lake worthy of being the fountain bond of the bright flowing 
 Susquehanna. The lake is said to bo about 1,200 feet above the sea. 
 Like Lake Mahopac, it is litem Uy siurounded with beauty; and like 
 
 QKNERAL VIEW OF KICIIFIKLD SPUINGS, N. Y. 
 
 Irvington or Tarrytown, Cooperstown is one of the literary Meccaa of 
 our country, and, by all means, the place to read the works of Cooper. 
 The principal hotels are the Cooper House, a suinmer hotel, 80 feet above 
 the lake, with a park of seven acres, and the Hotel Fenimore, open the 
 entire year, with a fine location in the central part of the village, near the 
 lake, and one of the finest in our State. 
 
 EiCHFiEiiB Spbings. — Tlie route to this popular resoi-t, via Coopers- 
 town and Otsego Lake, is one of the most charming, romantic and de- 
 
 83 
 
 A 
 
-jiT 
 
 lightful of any trip designated in our Guide, and the village and surround- 
 ings of Richfield are worthy of the increasing tide of visitors. Of course 
 persons in a hurry will take a Drawing-Room Coach at the New York 
 Central Depot, via Utica, and arrive at Richfield Springs in eight hours ; 
 but a little stoamboating ond coaching — ten miles via the Natty Bumppo 
 steamer, and six or seven miles by stage — give variety to the route. 
 
 Richfield Springs is situated on an elevated plateau two thousand feet 
 above tide water, and has all the requisites of health and beauty, sur- 
 rounded by mountains and lakes on every hand, 
 
 Conadai'ago Lake is about three-fourths of a milo directly south from 
 
 VIEW OF CANADARAGO LAKE. 
 
 tlie Springs, five miles long, and one and a-half miles wide, surrounded 
 by wood-covered mountain ranges, and abounding in excellent fish. The 
 drives aroimd ond to the different lakes that gem tlie mountains, and 
 along the streams that braid the valleys, often detain the casual visitor ; 
 for Mr. Seward expressed something besides poetiy in prose in his ora- 
 tion of July 4th, 1840, when he said: "I have desired to see for myself 
 the valleys of Otsego, through which the Susquehanna extends his ai'ms 
 and entwines his fingers with the tributaries of the Mohawk, as if to di- 
 vert that gentle river from its allegiance to the Hudson." 
 
 84 
 
iirround- 
 'f course 
 ew York 
 t hours; 
 Bumppo 
 te, 
 
 and feet 
 iity, sur- 
 
 itli from 
 
 •rounded 
 Ji. The 
 lins, and 
 . visitor; 
 his ora- 
 )r myself 
 his arms 
 if to di- 
 
 Thb Spbino House, the largest hotel, has a fine location in tho midst 
 of a beautiful park, tastefully laid out with flower beds. Tho hotel has 
 acGommodationa for six hundred guests, and is under the efficient mau- 
 agement of T. B. Proctor, of the Baggs Hotel, U' a N. Y. The famous 
 Sulphur Spring is on the groixnda of the Spring House. 
 
 SPUING HOL'SK I'AKK. 
 
 In our detour from the main line of the Albany mud Susquehanna Rail- 
 road, we have omitted to mention that the Albany and Susquehanna after 
 leaving the Cooperstown and Richfield Branch, passes south-west through 
 Collier's andEmmons', to Oneonta, one of the most stirring villages on the 
 route. The next station is Ote^'o. From this point stages connect with 
 the pleasant village of Franklin, passing through Well's Bridge, Unadil- 
 la, Sidney, (with its branch road to Delhi), Afton, and Harporsville, we 
 come to the Timnel, 127 miles from New York. Then passing through 
 Osbom Hollow and Port Crane, wo come to Binghamton, and complete 
 the equilateral triangle— New York, Albany, and Binghamton. It is a 
 flourishing city of 16,000 inhabitants, and has complete railway connec- 
 tions with the Erie, tho Delaware Lackawamia and Westeni, and Syracuse 
 and Binghamton Railways. The best Hotel is the "Spaulding House. " 
 
 8S 
 
 -JAM»«lW''H » " ' "f j li. 
 
 / 
 
 i i% i jw i mi i .c!f. ii 
 
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 TO THE THOUSAND ISLANDS AND NIAGABA FALLS. 
 
 Lbavinq Albany wo pass through Schenectady, Fonda, Prtlatine Bridge, 
 Little Falls, Horkimer, and Ilion, to Utica. 
 
 LriTLE Fat.i.8 Ib a flourishing villago, seventy-four miles from Albany, 
 and is situated in the wildest and most romantic part of tlio Mohawk 
 
 Valley. 
 
 Ilion is a pleasant village, and will interest the tourist and traveler as 
 the place whore the celebrated Remington fire-arms ore manufactured. 
 Some months ago wo wore kindly shown through these extensive works, 
 and we take pleasure in calling the attention of the reader to their busi- 
 ness announcement on the opposite page. 
 
 KEM INOTOX ABMOBT.-E. REMINGXON & SONS, ILION, N. T. 
 
 Utioa— the first express station— ninety-five miles from Albany. Thia 
 in continental days, was the site of old Fort Schuyler, and now one of 
 the most fit arishing towns in Central New York. It is the landing-place 
 for Trenton Falls and Richfield Springs, The attractions in and about 
 Utica will well repay an extended visit. 
 
 The Utica and Black Rivek Railboad, from Utica to Clayton, has 
 opened up a route to the North Woods, and the Thousand Islands of the 
 St. Lawrence making this one of the pleasantest routes to this attractive 
 
 86 
 
 .V 
 
 ;T^^.'j.. - i4jifa ! j i UiM;i ! K i ii:fca 
 
 i«*W^'' 
 
THE 
 
 ^^ 
 
 I ' nmA U 
 
 t verywhere known and prized for 
 Skill and fidelity in manaifticture, 
 
 I asteftd and excellent improvements, 
 Elegant variety of designs, 
 
 ■ ielding unrivaled tones. 
 
 Axldieas for Illustrated Catalo|pie, 
 
 J_ ESTERS' <Sc OO., 
 
 BRATTIiEBOBO, VT. 
 
 'N 
 
 \ 
 
9nts, 
 
 », VT. 
 
 •»- • 
 
 country. Persons on tho woy to Tronton Falls or Bichfleld Springs will 
 find Baggs' Hotel (a cut of which is hurt) given), by far tho plousiintiest 
 and most convenient. It bus long been known oa tho best in Utictt, or 
 on the lino of tho Central Builroud. Tourists who fuil to conn ctwith 
 trains, or who wish to rest n few hours in comfort, will find thomsolvos 
 in the hands of courteous nnd gentloiuiiuly proprii .ors. Mr. Proctt)r 
 of New York, and Mr. Chamherluin of tho Deluvan Honso. Albany, and 
 the Clarendon Saratoga Springs. It is only a few stops from tiio 
 station, and does away with an Omnibus, that last relic of barbarism. 
 
 BAOGS' HOTETj. 
 
 T.. E. Proctor, Proprietor. 
 Trenton Falls.— Taking tho Utica and Black River Railroad, six- 
 teen miles bring us to Tronton Falls, one of the most charming and 
 romantic summer resorts on the continent. For the last ten years wo 
 have hoard of these beautiful waterfalls, located in what Willis haa 
 styled an " alcove," aside from the main line of travel, " fifteen miles 
 at right angles from tho general procession, a side scone out of ear- 
 shot from tho crowd," but it was not until the middle of .Tune, 1874, 
 that ^od fortune conducted us thither, and led us by the hand from 
 rock to rock, from cascade to waterfall, through all that realm of en- 
 chanting beauty. The hotel, a short distance from this mountain glen, 
 
 87 
 
 ,? 
 
 anajfe ssaBaaaiBi: 
 
is a uiodel of summer resorts, and its proprietor, Mr. M. Moore, is aa 
 educated gentleman. The first rural resort of this place waa built by 
 Mr John Sherman, a graduate of Yale, 1793. Hither some forty year« 
 
 ■HEBMAN FAUi. 
 
 /. 
 
 /■Xv 
 
 ...i^ 
 
 -■'M ^ , ui^n i imS0uS^'l f S3gWilM>S » l!JBi^ ^ 
 
[oore, is aa 
 voB built by 
 forty yean 
 
 J 
 
 ago Mr. Moore, present proprietor, came like Hiawatha of old, and 
 found his Minnehaha, great grand-daughter of Roger Sheman, a line 
 more illustrious even than the tribe of the Dakotahs. It is said that on 
 his return to Manhuttan he wfifl not unmindful of the vision, and always 
 
 heard the Falls of Trenton 
 
 '• Calling to bim tlirongU tlie distance 
 Calling to him from afm- off." 
 So much for his personal history, which we only mention as evidence 
 that fiction is but the shadow of truth. "We arrived at Trenton a little 
 before six, and at once descended the stairs to the natural pavement, 
 which for two miles, level with the water's edge, borders the left side 
 of the stream. This ia the pleaaantest hour of the day for lonely ram- 
 bles like these, and the faUing water at eveatido has all the melody 
 of sadness. Passing a few rods up the stream, over fossil formation 
 which recount fifty million years of history, and under overhanging 
 rock, every leaf of whoso folds has been a recording page for science, 
 we suddenly come in full view of Sherman Fall. Here, it is said, a 
 fairy (perhaps great grand-daughter of "Undine) occasionally dances 
 through the mist " modestly retiring as the visitor changes his posi- 
 tion, and blushing all colors when she finds him gazing at her irised 
 beauties." The Fall has been poetically styled by Mrs. Kemble, 
 " The daughter of heaveu and earth, 
 With dark eyeB, white feet, and amber hail 
 In no place, save the northern Highlands of Scotland, have we seen 
 Buch amber foam, and such dark headlong flow of river. The arrowy 
 Rhone is not swifter, the Falls of Foyers are not so beautiful. High 
 Falls are forty rods beyond, a succession of lovely cascades, one over 
 forty feet in height. Heie we have the whole organ thoir, from tne 
 tenor and treble of the sheet of water on the right, to the deep bass of 
 the heavy fall on the left. Above this, the Mill Dam Fall and the 
 Alhambra with ijs cascade, and still further on the Rocky Heart, a 
 good spot for lovers to propose in by way of contrast. "We can only 
 point out these beauties in a general way. Even the guide book of 
 N. P. Willis, the poet of descriptive language, fails to do Trenton Falls 
 justice, although it is a model handbook of its kind. It is a place to 
 
 89 ^_____ 
 
 4 
 
 i""Hr''""'i' iW ii i illiiiil i i w i i ir iiii i ii I !■■ i iiiiii unmn ii-'i """ " i ' "' '■ [ ■"'f^ | *-«]*arM 
 
 ^ii^^s^ism^&k^^BS^imuMiys^viSu^^' 
 
w 
 
 be viaited. Go! Pursuing our journey up the Black River Bailroad w« 
 pass through Prospect to Booiiville, a flourishing village thirty-five 
 miles from Utica. Hero arc good hotels, and large numbers anr ully 
 
 t 
 
 ■s 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 *\ 1 
 
lilroad w* 
 thirty-fiTa 
 i anr lUly 
 
 t 
 
 S ? 
 
 ' I. 
 J ^ 
 
 - ft! 
 
 « 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 ^\ i 
 
 visit Old Forge and Moose Lakes, the beat Sporting grounds of the 
 Adirondacks. Lyons Fall, forty six miles from Utica, is a wild romantic 
 and much frequented spot. The High Falls (glimpses of which are 
 seen from the tra^n,) are well worth visiting. We now pass 30 miles 
 through the beautiful valley of the Block River to 
 
 LowviLiiE, sixty miles from Utica, one of the most beautiful villages in 
 northern Now York, noted for its fine drives, shady walks, and excellent 
 hotels. From this point it is only 18 miles to Fentous, a good hotel in 
 the famous John Brown's Tract, where sportsmen and tourists can voy- 
 age in boats scores of miles through rivers and beautiful lakes in the 
 very heart of an unbroken wilderness. The Low ville Mineral Springs, 
 are only one mile from the station. 
 
 Oaiithage, with its celebrated water power is seventy-four miles from 
 Utica. Here the traveler can tui-n aside to 
 
 Watebtown, a city of great manufacturing interest, beautifully laid out 
 and containing elegant residences. Sackett's Harbor is only V). miles 
 from Watertown, one of the oldest places in the State. Pursuing the 
 direct route to the Tliousand Islands, the tourist passes through Phila- 
 delphia to Clayton, where Steamers connect for 
 
 Albxakdeia Bat.— For all other points of the route we refer the 
 reader to the fine map of the Utkn and Black Eire)- R. R., printed on the 
 back of the Hudson River map in this Guide— also an advertising page 
 which sets forth briefly the main features of the route. Alexandria Bay 
 is in our opinion the finest point of the Thousand Islands, and we have 
 no brighter remembrance, or experience, than our Yachting aisd Boat 
 experience at the Grossmon House. This Hotel has two fine steam 
 pleasure Yachts, which make two trips daily between the Crossmon and 
 Brockville a model Canadian to^vn 24 miles down the river, a delightful 
 portion of the river scenery. The "Centennial" Hall on the Hotel 
 Pleasure Grounds, is also something new, and will furnish Pleasure 
 Seekers, with luxuries and necessities. The Thousand Islands, 1800 in 
 reality, extend about forty miles, and vary in size from a few feet in 
 diameter to three hundred acres. \\ e present a view of one of the finest 
 on the following page, "Nobby Island. " In the summer of 1878 we lingered 
 for three days in this fairy land, ^ owned by Mr. Henry R. Heath and 
 OhailesS. Goodwin of New York,) and fuU of "poetry," we thougbt 
 
 9' 
 
 i^i^sm^sm^ 
 
 nm»%nmKmm n »mi i K \ Muen ' - '' >'<' ' « «> ■■■--■«-»" 
 
of Miranda, althougli she wasn't along ; of Enoch Ai'den , Alexander 
 Selkirk ; Hel a Douglas, and twenty other island homes. 
 
 There is probably no river or lake in the world more romantic and 
 delightful than this section of the St. La\vrence; and we imagine the~e 
 islands furnish a good foundation for a rural Venice. During the sum- 
 mer of 1872, President Grant and family. General Phil. Sheridan, &c., 
 were domiciled nearest neighbors to Nobby Island. 
 
 NOBBY ISLAKD. 
 
 The Crossmon House is the pleasantest, best kef/t, and most popular 
 hotel at Alexandria Bay, in fact the pleasantest on the St. Ijawrence 
 river from Lake Ontario to Montreal. It has accomodations for over 
 300 guests, is lighted throughout with gas, supi)lied with ]jure river 
 water (as pontic as that of Lake Katrine, whicli supplies the city of 
 Glasgow,) with electric bells, and admirably finished from rocky foun- 
 dation to mansard roof. The excellence of its table has been known 
 for 30 years, when it was only a fishing resort "A cottage by the Bay." 
 Tom Moore's Canadian Boat Song "Row Brothers row," and several 
 minor poets have localized many an island, from "Harts." to the 
 "Devil's Oven." 
 
 92 
 
 
 ■■■ii j »^ip;;i;»^gp^ 
 
 i-'ss?i^*m^m^!^ 
 
.w~ 
 
 "«.i»i»«M i «M»i>t«jiii i .Uil i li i U. > inMW! i .*' ' t '« «'M'«Ji i L ' t i " i 
 
ff^^^ffPHH 
 
 The FaTon Bcnte for Fashionable Fleasnie Travel. 
 
 UTIOA & BLACK EIVER RAILROAD. 
 
 The only all Bail Bouts to the Thousand Islands, 
 
 AHD SHORTEST MD qVlClEST BOVTE FROn EASTERU POIHTS 
 
 TO ALL POINTS IN 
 
 NORTHERN NEW YORK, THE RIVER ST. LAWRENCE & CANADA, 
 
 CONNBOTINQ AT 
 
 CLAYTON, ALEXANDRIA BAY, BROCKVILLE AND PRESCOTT^ 
 With thb J^oyai "Aail J^ine op ^teamef^ for ^VIontreal, ^c, 
 
 PapBsing the Thoosand Islands aud Rapids of the River St. Lawrence 
 BT DATUOHT. 
 
 For Description of 'Rnntp, sw ■pntrBo 97, !>H, flfl, &o., of tliis OuiDK. 
 Fur Map Mill tifumovtiiuiiat see pages on the back of Hudson Rivbr Map. 
 Wsencr filaeplne Car attached to train, leaving Grand Central Depot New Tork, at 
 8:30 ii.ni.i Albany 1:50 a. m.! aniving at Watertown 9:20 a. m.j Clavton 10:00 a. m.; Alexan- 
 dria Day 10:00 a. ni.i Ogdennbm^ 11 a. m. Breakliut) iAwrille, 7:30 a. m. 
 Time by this train, New Tork to Alerandria, 14 J honrs, or over 3 hours 
 quicker than via any other route. 
 
 THBEE THSOUOH EEPBESS TBAINS LEAVE TTTICA DAILY. 
 
 Only ronte connecting with Special ChlcaRO and Second Pacitlc ExpreBS Tr&inn. The 
 fastest aud best trains on N. Y. C. and H. K. R. K. Twenty miles the shortest ; 1}^ to 3>f 
 hours qnlokest route to Clayton and Aloxaudria Bay from New Yorli, Aibauy, Boston, etc. 
 
 NO CHANGE OF CARS BETWEEN UTIGA AND CLAYTON. 
 WAONEB'KiP«l^J«CC: SI.RBPIKO CARS RUN TIIROVOH WITH- 
 OUT ANY CHANOE UK DEI.AV, BBTWKEN 
 
 NE1F TOBK AND CLAYTON (Thotisand Talanda.) 
 
 This Route is noted for its magnificent Scenery, including the Wonderful 
 Y&XNTOII VALIaS AWQ LTORS* VALLS. 
 
 Through Tiokete, via this Line, to all points in 
 
 NORTHERN NEW YORK AND CANADA. 
 
 ALSO, BXCURSION TICKETS TO 
 
 CLAYTON, ALEXANDRIA BAY, OR MONTREAL 
 
 AND RETURN, AT REDUCED RATES. 
 
 Can he obtained at all principal Railway ticket offices, and at the office 
 of the Day Link, or Pbople's Line Steamers, in New York. 
 
 IF YOU CANNOT GET THROUGH TICKETS, BUY TO UTICA ONLY. 
 
 THEO. BUTTEBHELD, ^ J. F. MATNABD, ^ 
 
 Gen'l Passenger Agent, Utica, N. Y. General Superintendrnt. 
 
 V 
 
 .^ f 
 
 I 
 
sL 
 
 )AI). 
 
 UTS 
 
 JAL, ^C, 
 
 'euce 
 
 [AP. 
 
 w Tork, at 
 3.; AluzMl- 
 
 3 hours 
 
 •aitid. The 
 
 IX to3>f 
 
 311, etc. 
 
 WITH-1 
 
 ids.) 
 ronderfnl 
 
 HDA. 
 
 !EAL 
 
 the ofiBce 
 rk. 
 
 A. ONLY. 
 
 ), ^ 
 
 ntendfnt. 
 
 Beturning to Utica from oiir pleasant excursion to Trenton Falls and 
 the Thousaud Islands, we resume our western route, passing through 
 Borne, Oneida. Chittenango and Manlius, to 
 
 Sykactse, 14': milef from Albany, the most flourishing and enterpris- 
 ing city of Central New York. The Vanderbilt House, a cut of which 
 is here given, is the finest hotel in the city. Mr. O. E Allen, its popu- 
 lar proprietor, has made improvements during the last winter which 
 makes the "VanderbUt" as complete as any-hotel on the line of the N. 
 Y. Central— elevator, electric bells, and everytliing complete. It can 
 now be said that Syracuse has a hotel worthy of the city. . 
 
 •T 
 
 VANDEKBILT H0D8E, O. E. ALLEN, PKOPRIETOR. 
 
 Syracuse is the catre of the salt interest of the State. The principal 
 raihroad connections are with Binghamton and Oswego. Here also the 
 New York Central Eailroad diverges, famiHarly known as the old and 
 new'roads; the old road passes through Geneva, connecting with steamer 
 for Watkins' Glen; the new road passes through Clyde, Lyons, and Pal- 
 myra, meeting again at 
 
 BocHESTEB, 229 miles from Albany, the finest city of Western New 
 York, and, in many particulars, the finest in the State. As we come 
 into the city we cross the Genesee river, just above the Genesee Falls, 
 where Sam Patch made the last extempoie effort of his life. The Genes- 
 
 94 
 
 MUMUII I wm 
 
see has a fine water power, and the Falls once furnished successful inspi- 
 ration to one of Daniel Webster's celebrated speeches. The best hotel 
 is the "Osburn House," centrally located, a cut of which is hero given. 
 It has been known for nuuiy years to the public as the very best hotel in 
 the State, as to convenience of arrangement, the care and cuisine of table 
 and general hosiiitality. In the hands of Messrs. Buck & Sanger it has 
 a reputation second to none from New York to Chicago. 
 
 08BDBN HOUSE, ROCnESTEE, N. Y., Buck & Sanoeb, Pbopbietobs. 
 
 Passing through Brockport, Albion, Medina, and Lockport, we come to 
 Suspension Bbidge, 304 miles from Albany, the first great enterprise 
 of the New World; for, without being personal, there was certainly "a 
 great gulf fixed " between the United States and Canada, until one day 
 a little kite-string drew a wire across the chaam, and the wire grew and 
 midtiplied until the spider-like art hung a thousand tons in equipoise. 
 Two miles now bring us to 
 NuGABA Falls, and, making om- way through throngs of porters and 
 
 95 
 
 1 
 
I 
 
 ul inspi- 
 )Bt hotel 
 po given. 
 . hotel in 
 I of table 
 ;r it has 
 
 i 
 
 
 e come to 
 nterprise 
 ;ainly "a 
 I one day 
 grew and 
 qiiipoise. 
 
 rters and 
 
 carriageH, wo soon fliul ourselves safely and quietly located in the pleas- 
 ant rooms of the "International,"— appropriately named, for siienery 
 like Nia(?ara, even if Canada were a part of our country, could never 
 belong t one nation or people. It is Iiiteviuitional. It belongs to the 
 world. We regret that wo have not one of the now cuts of tho "Inter- 
 national " for our Guide Book, but in lieu of a bettor one, we prcssent 
 
 £3J 
 
 ALVA 
 
 CLUCK, 
 
 MANAOER. 
 
 jA. CI.LCK. 
 ■la. 8. WABK. 
 (f B. DELANO. 
 
 THE INTEUNATIONAL| 
 HOTEL COMPANY f 
 
 the one that we have. It is now under the management of the Interna- 
 tional Hotel Company, and has been thoroughly retitted and refurnished. 
 It is built entirely of stone, rendering its rooms, which are unusually 
 large and spacious, and well ventilated, delightfully cool during the sum- 
 mer months. It has three stairways and an elevator leading from every 
 floor, thus affording ample egress in tho event of fire. It is fui-nished 
 
 96 
 
 # 
 
 ■•t»«^.*«Wo»r fl t TO iti rr7 a m«riWi--TOt »8 g'<M8Mr»T! l»»«»»i" 
 
with all modern itniudM imutH, and fvom luiiiiy of the rooms an cxton- 
 bive view of Niagara may bo obtained. 
 
 No more delightful wpot can be imagined than Niagara in summer. 
 The cooling breezes cauMed by the runhing water, the shady groveo, the 
 mighty cataracts, render this favorite resort the most refreshing and de- 
 lightful spot where the debilitating months of summer may be passed. 
 One thing is true — a week at Niagara is none too long. Do not ruBh 
 through it in a day, Htudy it slowly and learn it well. 
 
 We also take pleasure in introducing the Spencer House to our read- 
 ers, well known to Niagara visitors by many years of siiccessful manage- 
 ment. It has received from all parties the highest testimonials for ex- 
 
 a.r.auncAi/ of lUtJi'i^T.vi/ ■ auFfAia- 
 
 SFENOEB HOUSE. 
 A. CLUCK, PROPBIBTOR. 
 
 treme neatness and excellence of table. Charles Dickens said he got the 
 best roast beef here that he had found since leaving Engl.^nd. In fact, 
 tho hotel Las been singularly fortunate in receiving encomiums from 
 distinguished travelers. Wilkie Collins remarked, "it was not a hotel, 
 but a home ; " and Clara Louisa Kellogg testifies to the excellence of 
 the viands by always remaining over a day whenever she is in the vi- 
 cinity of the falls. 
 
 97 
 
n exton- 
 
 Hummer. 
 aveo, the 
 ; and do- 
 I pasHed. 
 aot ruuli 
 
 jur read- 
 mauage- 
 Is for ex- 
 
 e got the 
 In fact, 
 ini8 from 
 t a hotel, 
 silence of 
 n the •?!- 
 
 Every room in the hoiiBe, although now, hiw idroady itH traditions of 
 the many illuBtrious people who have Hojonruod tliorciu. Tho house is 
 open at all iimcH of the year, and in the winter soason large parties noyr 
 como from PhiWlelphia and New York, sure nt' good care, and of taking 
 Niagara at its hest. Tho hotel is largely patronized hy riiiliidelphia and 
 Boston ; of late years many from Now York have taken rooms. 
 
 At this point wo take tho liberty of saying, as adviee to the Tourist: 
 either seeuro your carriages at the hotel, where you "re stopping, ot- 
 make a clear bargain with the driver. If this is duly ol )served, there need 
 he no fear of imposition, at least on the American side. Wo have seen some 
 strange and really funny filings, on the Canadian side. "We havr in mind 
 one individual fleeing from tho co-aing wrath of an exorbitant hiickman, 
 and the driver in hot pursuit. Wo will also say Mark f)ut your line of 
 travel for tho day, and don't be gulled by useless museums; many pooi^o 
 have been detei-red from visiting Niagara, by fear of exorbitant prices. 
 But it is now in good hands, and we think Ave are correct in saying, that in 
 no place does the tourist see as much, or enjoy more for the money spent. 
 During the last two years the surroundings of the Falls have been 
 greatly improved on the American side, and a fine park enclosed, and 
 laid out in walks. It was (piite the thing to do, and the improvement 
 is worth more than the extra quai-ter the owner demands. It is now 
 secure, even for children and absent-minded lovers. The walled battle- 
 ments present safe stand-points which command the finest views. This 
 project at first created quite a sensation among tho rural people near 
 Niagara, but now it is universally conceded to be a great benefit, 
 especially to tourists and travelers who appreciate the comforts of civil- 
 ized life. 
 
 With this introduction we will noAv proceed to take a look at the 
 Bceneiy. The American Fall (900 feet across, 164 feet high) is only a 
 short distance from the village. We have seen pictures of these Falls, 
 from Church's masterpiece to the hastily-engraved cut of a guide-bodk. 
 We all have an idea how the Falls look, but they never speak to ■ s 
 until we have looked over that deep abyss, -ud up the stream which 
 ever rushes on, like an army to battle, and down the crowded chasm. 
 
 y^i»vg= ?'" *wff i aiJH,j* ' tfi 8 fti i .iiMiLej i WHliHi! ' .-- ! 
 
 -■magjmgi^aig^Aai^-MMejj^rv^g^i--^-^^ 
 
>rhere the block watent liavo wurn thoir piissiige, tliri. tgU the silent, un- 
 known ceiiturioa. Uumembor wliiit thtty Hay to you, oh, hearer 1 aud 
 itM you look upon thum tbu hxat time uncover your head a ttingle mo- 
 muut. The UinijiuKja iu adilrcMHt-d tu your houI. Oue-oighth of a mile 
 bulow thtise fulb is the new HuupenHiun Bridge, the longest iu the 
 world — l:iOO foot in length, the towcrsj ItX) feet high, aud cables 1800 
 feet loug. This ciirriivgo and foot-wiiy was long needed, ond now not 
 only preseuta a tine view of the TuUh from every stand-poiut, but 
 affords the most couveuieut route to the views on the Canada side. It 
 was opened to the publiu January 4th, 1869. Goat Island, the natural 
 Central Park of the Falls, is connocted with the American sitlc by a 
 bridge. Tlio area of the island is ubont sixty acres. In our hasty 
 sketch wo will, however, only name the i)laco8 to bo visited, leaving 
 the description to the local guide books. The Cave o£ the Winds, 
 with its mtigniflcent curtain of ch nging beauty, the Rainbow, the 
 "Wiiirlpool Riipids, reached by the Doublo Elevator. Terrapin Bridge 
 and Prospect Tower, overlooking Horse Shoo Falls (about 1900 feet 
 wide and 158 feet high). On the Camida side the principal point* of 
 interest are Table Rock and the broad Causeway, where one can feel 
 all the glory of Niagara, and where Mrs. Sigourney wrote those ex- 
 pressive lines — 
 
 " God lins net 
 His riiiiilmw on thy foielieiul, iiiiil tliii clouds 
 Miinlled .iroiuid thy feet." 
 
 Burning Spring is about a mile above Table Rock, near the river edge. 
 Not far from this tlie battle of Chippewa wivs fought, July 5, 1814. 
 And also, a mile and a half from the falls, is the battle ground of 
 Lundy's Lane. Tho ^i^iTspension Bridge, two miles below, is a triumph 
 in art; the Whirlpool i . about a mile below this bridge. Many writers 
 have attempted to (locriV)e Niagara, but in every description there is 
 something lacking. We can give its dimensions, its iieight and breadth, 
 aod point out the ]ilaces to be seen; but there is a Unity about Niagara 
 which can only be felt. It makes one wish that David coul4 have seen 
 it, and added a new chapter to the Psalms. 
 
 99 
 
 -1i>>^bS«-^ ■ • ' fU^W-t 
 
t 
 
 .*. 
 
 ll 
 
 
 f mt.'JiiiAm . • i^'Miij'sr^uiijAf^t ' vS^ ' ^ ' ^^^ ' ii^^^li^' ^^Sf^ 
 
 "f^T*^ 
 
 ^intll i jffll m i ^iai:mi l l}!^Pf^lfl. I I. ^». mt ' l' 
 
w 
 
 11© ^«©MM@II 
 
 SITCATED ON THE BANK OF THE EIVER, 
 
 t)t) 
 
 t> 
 
 Is Positively the Only First-Class Hotel 
 
 From the Jioor.ts and Balconies of which 
 
 S ^uU View of tl^e i<^^ 
 
 May be Wad. 
 
 Each niglit tlie American Falls will be illumimited by the 
 Electric Light, producing the rare and beautiful phenomenon of 
 the lunar bow. 
 
 Remembeh I from no other Hotel at Niagara can a view of 
 the Falls and Electric Light be had. 
 
 //f ts ojuy seen from the ''CLIFTON" 
 
 Stages and Porters meet all Trains at Niagara Falls, 
 N. Y. 
 
 For information or rooms, address, 
 
 COLBURN & MCQMBER, 
 
 lTia.e:ara Falls, 17. 7. 
 
 *»■ 
 
 ■■ »W] i!i^>i iwii ' .jjiMmtgMUftia w ^<wi W - * *«B^ ' 
 
Hotel 
 
 ted by the 
 omenon of 
 
 I a view of 
 
 ara Falls, 
 
 tr. T. 
 
 
 The best hotel on the Canada side, and it ia par excellence, is the Clif- 
 ton House which, perhaps, enjoys the finest location of any Hotel at 
 Niagara for continuous companionship with the Falls. Here, a person 
 can sit upon the verandah or in his own room, and realize that he is at 
 Niagara. There is no need of going anywhere to look after the Falls. 
 The " Clifton House " is within ten minutes' walk of the American side, 
 just over the new Suspension Bridge. We call the attention of the 
 reader to the principal attractions of tins Hotel, which wo have con 
 densed on the opposite page. A pleasant run of an hour up the 
 American side of Niagara river ')rings us to 
 
 BuPFAiiO, a flourishing city < ." 125,000 inhabitants. It has a fine com- 
 mercial location at the foot of Lake Erie, on the main line of the NeAV 
 York and Central E.R. Its main street and thoroughfares are well laid 
 out, and everything reveals thrift and prosperity. The Tilft House is a 
 pleasant hotel in the heart of the city, but 
 
 Piebce's Palace Hotel, about ten minutes' drive from the depot by 
 carriage, or fifteen minutes by horse-car, is the most beautiful and com- 
 modious hotel and summer resort we have visited for many a day. The 
 architectural features and interior finish are said to be the finest in the 
 world. Its surroundings are beautiful, and the view fi-om window and 
 tuiTet is grand and extensive. 
 
 From Niagara tourists may make the round trip to Montreal, Lake 
 Champlain, Lake George, and Saratoga, or th^^ still longer round trip to 
 Montreal, the Green and White Mountains, and so to New York, via 
 Portland and Boston. Tourists taking either of these trips have ttDO 
 routes to Montreal— one via the Grand Trunk Railroad, the other dm that 
 do'WTi the Lake and St. Lawrence. The i-apids and islands are interest- 
 ing features of the route as indicated in our description of the Thousand 
 Islands. 
 
 ToBONTO is an interesting jJace to visit, known as the Queen 
 City of Western Canada. Its handsome bay, its fine lake port, its com- 
 mercial enterprise and its public Tmildings, are everywhere noted. The 
 best hotel of the city is "The Qiieen's." The population of Toronto 
 is about 70,000. 
 
 loo 
 
 JlK. 
 
 M.^■ ^ ^M,"ia <) altRJ ^ »j^iaBVa^ 
 
CiiEVEiiAND. The pleasantcBt route to the great West is, in our opioion, 
 the Hudson Eiver and the New York Central, and the Michigan and 
 Lake Shore Railroads, and the pleasantest city is Cleveland, Ohio. It 
 was originaUy settled by persons from New Haven, and we see the moth- 
 er's beauty inherited by her fair daughter ; in fact, the public squares 
 and noble avenues are the finest in the land. The tourist should mak. 
 this his resting-place ou tbe way to Chicago, and take a drive on "Eu- 
 
 KENNABD HOTTSE. 
 
 D. McClaskt, Pbopkietob. _ . 
 
 oHd Avenue." This avenue is pronounced by many travelers the finest 
 in the world. For two miles it presents on unbroken vista of all that 
 is pleasant in trees, shrubbery, and architecture. 
 
 The finest hotel is the Kennnrd House, a cut of which is here given, 
 where the traveler will fiad everything for his comfort and convenience. 
 It is a first-class house in every particular. The only Hotel I.i Cleveland 
 witli an elevator, aiid its popular proprietor is known from New York to 
 San FranciBCo. 
 
 lOl 
 
 \^. 
 
ir opioion, 
 higan and 
 Ohio. It 
 ) the moth- 
 lie equares 
 Duld mak ;. 
 eon "Eu- 
 
 8 the finest 
 \, of all that 
 
 here given, 
 )nvenience. 
 1 Cleveland 
 ew York to 
 
 SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, AND PLATTSBURG. 
 
 From Albany we take the Rensselaer and Saratoga Railroad (division 
 of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company) direct to Saratoga, or by 
 
 ■way of 
 
 Tbot, at the head of tide- water, the enterprising city of the Hudson. 
 In fact, it might be considered the live town of the river. 
 
 tbot house. 
 
 B. F. Stiles, rroi)rietor. 
 hotel is the Troy House, 
 
 The best hotel is the Troy House, comer First and River 
 streets, and we take pleasure in presenting and endoi-sing the following 
 brevities; "The Troy House is the leading and only first-class house in 
 the city. Recently refurnished, electric bells, telephone, telegraph 
 office, and eveiy convenience that health and comfort can suggest; a table 
 supplied with all the delicacies of the season; attentive a: id courteous 
 employees, all striving to please; location central, being among the lead- 
 ing mercantile interestb and public buildings of the city, and within two 
 
 102 
 
 :l 
 
 WMWMItM i wlMWtaiMS BW g-W ' MmJ^^ 
 
w 
 
 e^ 
 
 minutes' walk of the landing of the palace steamboats ' Saratoga ' and 
 'City of Troy,' Daily line to New lork, and four blocks from Union 
 R.R. depot, making it the most couveuient and accessible house in the 
 city. Free ' bus* to and from the house. " 
 
 Prom this point we take the Fiensselaer and Saratoga R. R., and pass 
 tlirougli Waterford, Colioes and Mechauicville, to 
 Round Lake, seen on the right, with its pleasant cottages. 
 B.VLLSXON Spa, 25 miles from Troy, is a quiet and plerisant place, and 
 at one time was the rival of Samtoga. Seven miles more bring us to 
 SabaIooa Springs, thirty-two miles from Troy, 182 from New York. 
 The principal features of Saratoga are the springs and the hotels, and 
 these are in profusion on every hand. Our first duty will be to locate at 
 a hotel, and we will commence with a description of the largest, and after 
 wo ai-e duly located, we will then refer to the principal springs, the Lake 
 and our favorite walks in the vicinity. 
 
 The Qvkhso Unwn .^otkl, a view of which ii giren on the opposite 
 page, is the largest hotel on this continent, and pronounced by eyery 
 one the finest in the world. It was purchased four years ago by the 
 late A. T. Stewart, or rather the site on which the preaent structure now 
 stands, for year by year ?♦ has developed new beauty, and stands to-day 
 the model of strength and architectural symmetry. It was, indeed, for- 
 tunate for Saratoga, that Mr. Stewart became interested in the growth 
 and welfare of the place, and we Uke pleasure in repeating a paragraph 
 which recently fell under our notice, •' that Mr. Stewart had maturad 
 plans insuring the enjoyment and conTenience of the guests for the 
 coming seaaon surpassing in liberality all past years, and with the inten- 
 tion of making the Grand Union the most elegant watering place hotel 
 on this continent," and these plans will be fully carried out by those 
 having charge of his estate. 
 
 The hotel has been considerably enlarged since the past season, add- 
 ing about 186 rooms, and parlors, which will make OTer three hundred 
 suites of apartments, with bath-roms and all convenience*. The din- 
 ing-room has also been extended almost one hundred fee*., and is un- 
 doubtedly the finest in tne world. The new ball-room it magoificratly 
 
 103 
 
 \.> 
 
 -•^teii"ga ^l^.a"jii"«w" iei W g' 
 
-4 \ 
 
 I 
 
 g 
 
 H 
 
 H 
 
 r 
 
 s 
 
 4 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 ^^fe|S«^5^^fe«fef«-*.**S-&^S*Mfc'*«W^^ 
 
 feCW^itpgMlfiflOin'WlM 
 
proportioned and elegantly decorated. "The Oenini of Ameiica," 
 Yyon'a grand Centennial picture, painted for Mr. Stewart, will occopy 
 the entire end of the room. The music during the season will be sup- 
 plied by Giliuorp's famous band, and concerts will be given each morn- 
 ing upon the piazza, and hops every evening in the ball-room. It is 
 impossible to condense in the brief space of a general guide, one half of 
 the attractive features of the Union. Its graceful verandas always cool 
 and shaded, its magnificent park filled with trees of twenty years* 
 growth, its Opera Hall directly opposite, its cheerful cottages, its airy 
 and beautiful office, with dome rising eighty feet above the marble 
 pavement, with a terrace overlook from every floor, its splendid dining- 
 room, to which we have already referred, all combine to render this 
 one of the most charming hotels in the worldL The grounds and boild- 
 iags now cover a spac*; seven acres in extent, and the hotel presents a 
 street froutage of fifteen hundred feet The house is newly refurnished 
 throughout in the most elegant manner, and its destiny is secure in the 
 hands of Mr. Olair, its populnr manager. 
 
 United States Hoteii. This hotel, erected on the site of the old 
 ' United States," is a mammoth and stupendous stmoture. It was com- 
 menced in 1873. We see it as we approach the station, with ita long 
 line of cottages on one side, and its long wing on the other, reaching 
 almost to the raih-oad track as if standing with open arms, awaiting 
 the tourist and traveler. In the June number of the College Spectator, 
 published it Saratoga Springs, there is a full description of its stupen- 
 dous proportions, from which we quote the following: "The building 
 occupies a plot of ground of seven acres in extent, in the form of an 
 iiregular pentagon. It has a frontage on Broadway, of two hundred 
 and thirty-two feet, six inches, and a frontage of five hundred and three 
 feet on Division street, also a frontage of one hundred and fifty-three 
 feet on Bailroacl Place. The architectural features of the main boild- 
 ing, present the Norman style of architecture. The grand ball room 
 is located in the second story of the railroad front, fifty feet wide, by 
 one hundred and twelve feet long. The main building is six stories in 
 height, the sixth story being the mansard roof. " Although Sai-atoga 
 
 los 
 
 u 
 
 > ; * 
 
 Al i i 'HJl i| l«l!«iltj»lfca5 i lWgWHj 5B«?i'w 
 
u 
 
 ':l 
 
 i 
 f 
 
 imimimjmi'i'i-'Mm'm^fiMma i M^^^^^ 
 
is natrjrally a sandy place, this hotel, every foot ot it, is " founded on 
 a rock,'' and lias in every sense one of the finest foundations in the 
 world, resting on the solid Silurian formation of its old reputation, and 
 on the successful management of Tompkins, Gage & Go. 
 
 The Hotel enterprise of our country rather surpriaes even a Euro- 
 pean traveler. And, in fact, it is a marvel to find a city of hotels in a 
 country so new as the United States. This building is a fit tyjje of the 
 growth of our country, and speaks well for a Centennial o" prosperity. 
 With such enterprise, wealth, and foresight directing the afiOairs of 
 Saratoga, this watering place has no occasion to fear the future. It is 
 the morning of her history; 
 
 " For we are ancients of the earth, 
 And in the morning ot our times." 
 
 Congress Hall is built on the site of the famous hotel, the "Con- 
 gress " of early Saratoga, and is drawn up, as it were, rank and file, front 
 to front with the Grand Union. It lias a frontage on Broadway, the gay 
 thoroughfare of Saratoga, of 416 feet, and its beautiful promenade 
 piazza, twenty feet wide, is one of the best commanding points to take 
 in the " ebb and flow " of this fashionable city. It ia the most central 
 to the principal springs. Flanked on one side by "Congress Spring" 
 and its beautiful park, on the other by the " Hathorn," and on the rear 
 the well-known "Hamilton Spring," its fine location, its beautiful 
 rooms, its large halls and well-shaded piazzas and graceful architecture, 
 place it among the three great hotels of Saratoga. Congi-ess Hall was 
 purchased in 1878 by Mr. W. H. Clement, of Cincinnati, O. , President 
 of the Cincinnati and Southern Eailroad Co., and Mr. John Cox, of New 
 York, gentlemen of wealth and enterprise, who have jilaced it under 
 the following admirable management: 
 
 Mr. H. S. Clement, late one of the i^roprietors of the well-known Lin- 
 dell Hotel, of St. Louis, and formerly one of the proprietors of the 
 Congress Hall in 1870 and 1871; and Mr. Wilkinson, formerly one of the 
 managers of the Grand Union, Saratoga, have taken the control of 
 Congress Hall, and intend to make it equal in every particular to the 
 best hotels of Saratoga or the Continent. The proprietors know the old 
 
 L 
 
 f-" 
 
unded on 
 as in the 
 tion, and 
 
 1 a Euro- 
 otels in a 
 pe of the 
 rospcrity. 
 affairs of 
 xe. It is 
 
 lio "Con- 
 file, front 
 y, the gay 
 romenade 
 ts to take 
 Ht central 
 I Spring" 
 n the rear 
 beautiful 
 liitecture, 
 Hall was 
 President 
 3x, of New 
 it under 
 
 Qown Lin- 
 ars of the 
 one of the 
 jontrol of 
 ar to the 
 )w the old 
 
 *— "^Triri^^mnrT-^twnjit 
 
prestige of the "CongreHH," ami are detormiucil that it shall not be 
 second to any iu the "city of hotels." 
 
 Congress Hall will accouimodate over 1,000 guests. It is built in the 
 most substantial manner. The rooms arc all large, high, and well ven- 
 tilated. The halls, dining-rooms, parlors, and offices arc of grand pro- 
 portions, and furnished with elegance and taste. Evoiything is done to 
 secure the pleasure of guests. Courtesy, attention, cleanliness, cuisine, 
 everything speaks the care of men wlio are competent for tlieir i)ositions. 
 Persons who secure rooms fronting to the south, will command a full 
 view of the beautiful Congress Park, to which we allude on a following 
 page. 
 
 The Clarendon Hotel stands on a fine elevation, and presents an 
 agreeable contrast to the other large hotels, as it is the- only one "clad 
 in white." It has a bright and cheerful appearance, witli fine sliady 
 grounds, and here of a summer evening, one-lialf of Saratoga come, just 
 before ' ' bedtime, " to get a drink of the celebrated ' ' Washington Hpring, " 
 a tonic water which bubbles and sparkles like champagne. The Claren- 
 don can accommodate five hundred or six hundred guests, and has held 
 for many years the first position, as it is filled every season witli an aris- 
 tocratic and select class of guests. The beautiful grounds lit with elec- 
 tric light, as is promised tliis season, will \>e one of tlie features of the 
 summer. The extended i)iazza which overlooks the " Siiring" and the 
 street, is one of the pleasantest "view points" to study liuman nature. 
 Mr. J. C. Chamberlain, formerly connected with the Clarendon for nine 
 consecutive years, and Mr. J. B. Powell, of New York, are sufiicient 
 guarantee that the high standard which has liitherto characiterized its 
 management will be fully maintained. 
 
 The Adelphi. — This hotel, built in 1877, and capable of accommo- 
 dating 175 guests, is a model of aiTangement and good management. 
 It is centrally located l>etwecn the Grand Union and the United States. 
 It is in the truest sense a favorite home for the tourist or man of busi- 
 ness. Its bright and cheerful i)iazzas, three stories high, present, as it 
 were, a "box orchestra," from which the visitor looks down upon tl j 
 street with its gay equipage, the broad sidewalk and the extended 
 
 lo8 
 
 !► 
 
 I 
 
t- 
 
 fetltetit'ttw**""-^'*'^* " 
 
High Rock Spring, 
 
 OLDEST SPRING IN SARATOGA. 
 
 ANA LYSI S. 
 
 IIY rnOF. C. K. CIIASDLKIl, OK COHMllIA COLLKOK. 
 
 Tlio I'oUowiiiK iiiiuIvbIh of I ho High Rock SiJrinir Watnr whs iiiado by Prof. 
 C. F. Chandler, I'h. j'>.,of Coluiiiltia t'ollego School of Miiuw, who viHitcd 
 tho Spring and itci-soMiiIly collected the water for anulysiH, and fully donion- 
 Htrates tho wouderftil medicinal iiroperties of tho water, and its great value 
 aH u remedial agent. 
 
 AualyHia of one U. S. Gallon ; 
 
 Chlorltlo <,f Sodhun ••■^""•'IS «'"'"" 
 
 Chloildo of rotRKHinm »•;"] 
 
 llinrnliU* of Bomiim "-J^i 
 
 ImlldB o« Smliiim O.Oiid 
 
 Kliioriilo of Calchmi '"'')«'■• „ 
 
 Siilpliiito of I'utBHsa '•'«" 
 
 Hicai'bouato of Baryta t™e' 
 
 llicarbonafo of Rtroiii I* W 
 
 Itlcarbonato of J.liiio •■'•• 
 
 Hicarbonato of AlaKnesla ^■ 
 
 ilicarbonato of SckIb ,' j,a 
 
 nicarbonato of Iron ••* '" 
 
 PhoHphatoot Limo V*?.?' .. 
 
 Alumina 'a*' „ 
 
 Silica ■■ ^■^'' 
 
 Total ■ •i'i'^OS" ' 
 
 Citlmnlc Acid Gas 409.4M cub. In. 
 
 It is thu» shown that tho water is highly charged with valuable mineral and 
 gatjooua properties. 
 
 SOLD B7 ALL FBINGIFAL HOTELS, Q&OCEBS ft DBU99ISTS. 
 
 PRICES. 
 
 BBTAIL, LE8H THAN TWELVK IiOZKS. 
 QaiiitR, ill boxes of -J iloz., » iloz. nml 4 lUii., ■ • • • *;l 00 j.ir <loa. 
 
 I'inlB, In boxt'H of 4 do/.., 5 doz. and 6 doz., • • • • ■ 'J "» 
 
 WIlfiLKBALK, I'Kll i;lt(l»H. 
 Qiinrts, in boxes of 2 doz., 3 doz. anil 4 doz., . . . . ii .W "' 
 
 I'inlH, in boxcH of 4 do/.., .'i doz. mid doz., - • ... . 1 7j ' 
 
 WAIKI! l.N m(,K. 
 "M ciiiits ]ier miUoii if baritl» hi« loiincd by thu Co. 
 MetaMined barrels for salo at cost iiiiei', ami loaned to riHiioUHilplo parlien. 
 
 BOTTLES REFILLED AT USUAL RATES. A LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO THE TRADE. 
 
 Wm. G. Fargo, President. J. McB. Davidson, See. and Treat. 
 
 HENRY SMITH, Superintendent. 
 AddrcsH all orders and couiniuuicationn to the Superintendent, at .Sara- 
 toga Springs, N. Y. 
 
 -^ t ; ^'-....s^TnsnM 
 
 -«-««»sBi^«i,»iu!5e«*jrfs*i«R««aW(4s«aaw^^ ' 
 
I 
 
 view down Phila Htroet, whicli fronts the Ailolplii. The proprietor, Mr. 
 William H. McCaffrey, has ha<l lou^? experience, and the visitor who 
 stops at the pleasant Adelphi, will do so a^ain and again, so long as he 
 visits Haratoga. 
 
 Strono's Remediaij Institute is the finest health resort in our coun- 
 try, and is not only a Christian home for the sick, but also a grand cen- 
 
 ; : -. DRS. STRONG'S INSTITUTE. SAR.\TOGA. 
 
 (for further ir\fortnati(m, tee oppoaHe page Fourteen oftHe Omde.) 
 
 tro for wealthy, literary, or Christian people. It is the sununer resart 
 of the Rev. Dr. Cuyler, Hon. O. G. Reynolds, and Ex-Governor Wells, 
 of Virginia. The most marked features are its liumogoneouH society, 
 its social life, and its musical entertainments. 
 
 The proprietors — Messrs. S. 8. & S. E. Strong-^have become so 
 
 log 
 
 ■ iii ^i ll LlU.fc 
 
 ii Wi ii j»<aiW— iM i uBOHmgijS'JNgt ig t S g^ 
 
w^T'^'llC*^^'=«''»'"*'?T^f='^"i 
 
 .-.«»»rr*?a«»P«<M!mmwi«(N«W*«'''"<''SW««p»« 
 
 celebrated in their various specialties that leading physicians all over 
 the country recognize the fact that many chronic cases can be treated 
 more eflfectually in an institution having special appliances than in or- 
 dinary practice, and aro sending more and more such cases to them for 
 treatment. The senior proprietor li^s been spending sometime 
 abroad in Paris and in London, giving special attention to the latest 
 researches of the French and English physicians. The house is open 
 all the year, and has no appearance of invalidism. 
 
 TEMPLE GBOVE SEMINABY (STBEBT FBONT). 
 
 Teufle Grove Seminabx has a delightful location on what was once 
 called Temple Eill, iu the eastern part of the village. The institution 
 is under the efficient management of Charles F. Dowd, A.M., a graduate 
 of Y.ild College, and well known to the educational world as conducting 
 one of the best Young Ladies' Seminaries in the State. The cuts here 
 given present a fine view of the building. The grounds comprise about 
 one and a half acres, and are covered with a grove of over one hundred 
 native forest trees. 
 
 no 
 
wtS'i'ssspgBtaw e i m i wwTOi. . 
 
 ians all over 
 a be treated 
 i than in or- 
 to them for 
 sometime 
 iO the latest 
 >use is open 
 
 lat was once 
 e institution 
 ., a graduate 
 I conducting 
 he cuts here 
 aprise about 
 )ue hundred 
 
 During the winter Saratoga combines all the advantages of a city 
 ■with the quiet of a country town; for, although the public works and 
 beautiful avenues were constructed mainly for the benefit of summer 
 visitors, they are none the less to the advantage of those who live here 
 in the quiet possession of them from September to June. During the 
 rush of the vacation months, Temple Grove is turned into one of the 
 most delightful summer resorts in Saratoga, and combines the advan- 
 uiges of a commanding position, large and well-shaded grounds, and 
 within five minutes' walk of the Springs. From the Seminary observa- 
 
 TEMFIiE OBOVE BEMINABT (OBOVE SIDS). 
 
 toiy one geia a fine vieyr of tie surrounding country for miles in every 
 direction. From the Saratoga San, edited by our friend Mr. A. S. Pease, 
 we clip the following: — 
 
 "Among the institutions of which Saratoga has just reason to be 
 proud is Temple Grove Seminary. Under the excellent and skillful 
 management of Professor Dowd, this Seminary has attained not only a 
 State but a National eminence. Among the pupils are young ladies 
 from all points of the United States, and the reputation of the Semi- 
 
 111 
 
 ■ ^ '»-^*^^■^^MM.I ' »l fti ! l ^glf^tl l ^^ l aa^ ^ &^ a 
 
nary is steadily increasing. The scholarship of the graduates of Temple 
 Grove has for several years been of marked excellence. No department 
 of mental or general culture seems to be neglected, but everything that 
 contributes to a perfect education is carefully regarded by the Principal, 
 and inwrought, a« it were, into the character of the pupil. Not only is 
 Professor Dowd to be congratulated on his notable success, Irat Saratoga 
 Springs possesses no institution of which she ought to feel more proud 
 or prize more highly than Temple Grove Seminary." 
 
 Db. Eobebt Hamilton's MEDiCAii Institute, on Franklin street, is an 
 institution for the treatment of various chronic and special diseases, and 
 is conducted by one of Saratoga's most eminent physicians, who haa long 
 enjoyed a good reputation as a practitioner, and is a conscientious 
 student of medicine. Many are familiar with his institution that stood 
 on the comer of Broadway and Congi-ess street for many years, but was 
 biu-ned in the disastrous fire that swept away the Park place and Cre- 
 scent Hotels. 
 
 In the spring of 1874, Dr. Hamilton removed to Franklin street, one 
 of the most quiet and beaiitiful streets in town, and has now one of the 
 best institutions for the treatment of variv..;s diseases. He is one of the 
 most reliable consulting physicians in Saratoga county, and having long 
 resided and practised in Saratoga, and obsei-ved the effects of theyaiious 
 spring waters on different constitutions and in different diseases, is qual- 
 ified to give advice to those who wish to drink the mineral waters in a 
 systematic way and to the best advantage. Dr. Haiailton makes a spe- 
 cialty of this practise, and is recognized as a most excellent authority 
 on the subject. 
 
 The institiition is open as a summer .oarding-house during the sea- 
 son, is kept in good style, and in such a manner that no features of a 
 medical institute are observable. The terms are verj- reasonable, and 
 all the medical patrons will be most conscientiously and ably treated, 
 and the pleasure guests cared for with faithful attendance to their wants. 
 "We append a notice that appeared in the Saratoga Sun, April, 1874, 
 which shows how Dr. Hamilton is regai-ded at home by those who know 
 him best: 
 
 " Up to the time of the destruction of 'The Crescent 'by fire, there 
 
 1 12 
 
 X-. 
 
 r. 
 
 »>8i_i. 
 
I 
 
 ■was probably no medical institute in Saratoga better known or so -well 
 known as the one kept by Dr. Robert Hamilton. His common-sense 
 method of treatment, his thorough acquaintance with the medical prop- 
 erties of all the waters of all the spiings, and the general tone of health, 
 vigor, hopefulness, and social comfort which distinguished his practise. 
 
 hamh/ton's medical instttote. 
 made his institute popular with all his inmates, and famous throughout 
 the land. It is conveniently located on Franklin street, in the most 
 quiet, genteel, and accessible part of the village, and those who desiro to 
 avail themselves of the excellent methods of treatment, and the superior 
 advantage of his institution, will do wisely to make eai-ly application." 
 
 113 
 
We also take the folto wing extract from tlie Medical Eclectic, New York, 
 
 March, 1875: ^ ^, ^ ^ ^^ 
 
 "Dr Eobert Hamilton, of Saratoga, late President of the Eclectic 
 Merlical Society of the State of New York, possesses the rarest recuper- 
 ative energy. He lost a fortune last fall, at the burning of the hotel; 
 yet before the ruins had ceased to smolder, he had devised and set in 
 operation on Franklin street, a new medical institute, which is destined 
 to achieve the celebrity and success of its predecessor. He attended the 
 annual meeting of the State Society, presided with ability, and delivered 
 the annual address with the same apparent lightftess of heart and man- 
 ner as thougli there was no consciousness of cmshiug misfortune settled 
 upon him. We have so long known his goodness, that to love and es- 
 teem him means a second nature. . So, too, is he regarded by his neigh- 
 bors, his patients, aud all who are within lus circle of acquaintance. 
 His urbanity and kindness of disposition are only equalled by his skill 
 and success as a practitioner. His tact in diagnosis seldom fails him, 
 and in treating of the sick, caring for them, watching for favorable and 
 unfavorable symptoms, cheering and encouraging, inviting them to re- 
 cover and winning back health, he has wonderfully excelled. The sea- 
 son now about to begin will be his summons to new activity, and we 
 trust to abundant success. " Send for circular of the Institute, and terms 
 for board, to Dr. Bobert Hamilton, Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 
 
 During the past year the capacity of the institution ha.s been consider- 
 ably increased and portions newly furnished. 
 
 The Springs.— The most prominent Springs in and about Saratoga, 
 are the Hathorn, the Congress, the Excelsior, and the High Rock. The 
 Geyser, two miles south of Saratoga, and th«3 Champion Spouting 
 Spring, are curiosities well worth visiting; but to our mind, the greatest 
 interest clusters about the "High Rock"— the old medicine spring of 
 the Indian tribes, which built for itself a solid curb stone, in the ages 
 long passed away, and seemed, therefore, to their untutored minds, a gift 
 from the Great Spirit. It has held its reputation as a curative spring 
 against its later rivals, and while the waters of other springs have under- 
 gone changes since they were discovered, this bubbles up with the same 
 
 114 
 
 ^ 
 
 *i-«_ 
 
 »km;.^i.i:&ssm^^^^^m 
 
 I Bt^'" ' "" 
 
 i..^. 
 
mm 
 
 -I 
 
 I 
 i 
 
 CON&RSSS SPRING PAVIUON. 
 
 BRECTBD, 1876. 
 
 
Adirondack Company's Railroad 
 
 FROM SARATOGA SPRINGS 
 
 TO LUZERNE, HADLEY, THITRMAN, THE GLEN, EIVEE8IDE, NORTH CREEK, 
 
 and BLUE MOUNTAIN LAKE, 
 
 FOHMINO THK 
 
 MOST DIBECT RAILBOAD BOUTE 
 
 TO THK 
 
 VALLEY OF THE UPPER HUDSON 
 
 AND THE WILDERNESS. 
 LINE OF TiTEEE HEW STEAMBOATS ON BLUB MOTIHTAIH, EA- 
 
 OLE & UTOWANA LAKES, Alro, on RAQTJBTTE LAKE. 
 A Route of Picturesque and Delightful Scenery* 
 
 /.t RWeralde StatlODi stages connect, luuning to 8CHR00N LAKE, 
 CHESTER, POTTERSVILLE, aud tho NORTH WOODS. 
 
 The Adirondack Stage Gompauy, carrying Uixited St»* i Mails be- 
 tween North Creek and Blue Mountain Lake, run first-ola four and six- 
 horse Concord Coaches. 
 
 Express trains leave Saratoca Springs on arrival of Morning aud Mid- 
 day trains from the South. 
 
 . C. E. DURKEE, 
 
 Superintendent. 
 
 I 
 
 mmmKmmm. ^i i ^t^ ' a^uimmJ^t i*^%''*y <? ^^ ^ fi^^^^- 
 
Doad 
 
 H CBSEK, 
 
 )SON 
 
 LIN, EA- 
 SE. 
 
 ienery* 
 
 N LAKE, 
 
 Mails be- 
 randsix- 
 
 aud Mid- 
 bendeut. 
 
 propei-ties as years ago, Avlien the Indian tribes bronght their sick to the 
 chtti'med fountain. 
 
 The Hathohn Sprincj was accidentally discovered in 1868, and has 
 already taken a leading place for its curative qualities, and it has l)eeu 
 claimed by good i)hysicians that, as a cathai-tic and alterative, this water 
 stands superior to all, either domestic or foreign, in the treatment of 
 dyspepsia, constipation, toiijid liver, <Src. The quantity of salts con- 
 tained in this water, excepting the chloride of sodium, is comparatively 
 small. Its therapeutic action, however, Avhen taken in the usual quan- 
 tity, is much greater than the small amount of the salts would produce 
 if combined artiticially. In its remote action it is, like other mineral 
 waters, a powerful alterative, when taken in moderate quantities, for a 
 considerable time. 
 
 The Conokess Spring is a highly carbonated saline water — an active 
 and powerful cathartic, promptly relieving constipated conditions of the 
 bowels, and by continued use acting remarkably, also, as an alterative, 
 keeping the blood in a veiy pure and healthful condition, and reno- 
 vating the entire system. Its chemical ingredients are almost precisely 
 those of the human body, and it seems AvonderfuUy adapted by nature 
 to restore and repair our physical systems when depleted by disease or 
 worn and exhaiisted by over-labor. Thus our wasted and wasting tissues 
 and energiesjire renovated and revived, and life itself is iml)ibed with 
 every glass of Congress Water. We call attention to advertisement on 
 page opposite 127. 
 
 Congress Park is a delightful pleasure-ground. In fact, we know of 
 no park of equal size in our country which surpasses it for beauty of 
 natural sceufiy, or elegance of architectural and artistic ornaments. 
 The old picture of the spring, as it appeared in 1816, presents a great 
 contrast to the present position and sun-oundings of the new pai-k. 
 Saratoga with its springs and park and magnificent liotels — Lake 
 George with its qniet, home-like resorts. Lake Champlain with its gi-and 
 scenery, and the Adirondacks, with unrivaled lakes and wooded moun- 
 tains will, in our opinion, hold their own against the summer resorts of 
 the Atlantic coast. 
 
 ilfflSfe'JJikWjBt*'!'' . 
 
 J??*^!^?!*^!'" 
 
 - i rm-'xoCTrjDiataiin:-'.''.t'ii.ii .ii »jij «i:if •!■ 
 
FROM 
 
 Saratoga to the Adirondacks. 
 
 ADIRONDACK RAILROAD TO NORTH CREEK. 
 STAGES TO BLUE MOUNTAIN LAKE. 
 
 " THE R O UND TRIP." 
 
 The Adiroiulack Eailroad furuishes the pleasantest excursion to be 
 mode from Haratoga. The traveler passes through the romantic and pic- 
 turesque valley of the Upper Hudsou— through King's, bouth Corinth, 
 Jessu^j's Lauding t'. Hadley, the radroad station for Luzerne, a charming 
 village at the junction of the Hudson and the Sacandaga. "Rockwell's 
 Hotel " is known to all the H<jjourners of Saratoga as the place to secure 
 a game dinner, a dish of trout, and a "taste" of the Avildemess. 
 
 rur,suiug the railroatl, we pass through Stony Creek to Tlmnnon, 
 thirty -six miles from Saratoga Springs, at the junction of the Schroon 
 river and the Hudson. The next stations are the Glen, 44 miles, and 
 Riverside, 50 miles from Saratoga. At Riverside persons leave the cars 
 for Chester, Pottersville, Schroon Lake, and Johnsburg. 
 
 ScHROON Lake. — A stage ride of seven miles from Riverside brings 
 the tourist to Schroon Lake. Thence we proceed by steamer Effingham, 
 Captain P. S. Russell, to Wells' House Landing ov Schroon Village. 
 The Wells' House is a fine hotel; Thomas Wells, Proprietor. Retitming 
 from our detnvr, we continue our trip up the Adirondack Eailroad to 
 North Creek. 
 
 114 (b) 
 
 
 ! 
 
 J i 
 
eks. 
 
 LEK. 
 
 ion to be 
 3 and pic- 
 Corinth, 
 charming 
 lockwell's 
 to secure 
 
 IS. 
 
 Thunnon, 
 ( Schroon 
 uiles, and 
 e the cars 
 
 cle brings 
 Effingham, 
 n Village. 
 Retitming 
 ailroad to 
 
 7 
 
 At this point we And " Concord coaches " in waiting for Blue Moun- 
 tain Lake-distance about thirty miles, through a beautiful romantic 
 country. The road has been thoroughly repaired, and the traveler will 
 reach Blue Mountain Lake in time for a good supper. We had the good 
 fortune to make this trip last August, and we hope to do so at least once a 
 year for the next decade. Blue Mountain Lake is the threshold of the 
 Adirondacks, and furnishes the eaniest way to get into the Lake District. 
 The stage line changes horses every five miles, and the " drivers" swmg 
 one along like the California drivers of the Yoser.iite. The hotels at 
 Blue Mountain Lake have been doubled. A new proprietor from Rich- 
 field Springs is keeping the American House as a first-class hotel. It 
 will be enlarged this season to accommodate 350 people. There is a 
 telegraph line now in operation between Blue Mountain Lake and Sara- 
 toga Springs, and a new Steamer on the Lake. These improvements, 
 and t^Ae new Restaui-ant at North Creek, make everything complete for 
 
 the traveler. 
 
 Our friend, Mr. William W. Durant, has written us the above, and we 
 take pleasure in presenting it. In fact, every man is a benefactor 
 who induces his neighbor or friend to visit this charming section. 
 
 The steamer route is as follows: In the morning about 9, if we remem- 
 ber con-ectlv, we loft the rustic Boat House in front of the hotel, sr led 
 through Blue Mountain Lake and Utowana Lake to tlm outlet, a dis- 
 tance of seven miles. The " can-y " at this point is two-thirds of a mile 
 lon-r, when we took a fairy-like .^earner on Marion river. The river trip 
 is four miles long to Forked Lake, and we remember that it abounded 
 with " water lilies," which were gathered by the heroic voyagers for the 
 fair ones in their charge. ., ,,, „ 
 
 Raquette Lake is one of the most chai-mmg of the "braided lakes. 
 It has ninety mUes of coast, and we understand that the name signified 
 ' ' star-like. " The name Utowana signifies ' ' Lake of Plenty. " 
 
 Arriving at "Forked Lake Carry," one half mile brings us to Leavitt's, 
 or Forked Lake. T-iis is really the first " hotel in the woods," and here 
 the traveler gets his first real mountain bill of fare. In brief, we wovUd 
 like to have stayed there a month. From this point we took g^ude and 
 
 114(c) 
 
 amft tw i MXMaasM^ii.:tg:.'mTgCT 
 
tm 
 
 ^ 
 
 f' 
 
 rowboat to Kellogg's, on Long Lako, a iliHtant'o of about thirteen miles. 
 Tliis is a line hotel, beautifully located and well kept. 
 
 From this point we wont north througli the yaranaos to Martin's, and 
 
 took stage for Lake Plai'id. The bewt hotel is on the hill, and commands 
 
 a magnificent view of mountain and lake scenery. The name of the 
 
 hotel has escaped us, biit we have not forgotten the dinner, and we i-an 
 
 ' simply ;.ay: Take the liirge hotel on the hill. 
 
 From this jioint we went to Keene Flats, and stopped Avith " Beede." 
 Some six or eight yeara ago we visited Beede on our Aviiy from Platts- 
 burgh to Mount Marcy, and Ave were delighted to see tliat he had out- 
 grown the quiet fann house, and now finds himself proprietor of the best 
 conducted hotel of the Adirondacks, accommodating 100 people. It is 
 a charming and healthful spot, and only five miles from the "Lower 
 Ausable Pond." These ponds, the "Lowei " and "Upper," are unri- 
 valled in beauty and grandeur. They lie at the foot of Mount Marcy, 
 Haystack, the Gothics, and Mount Bartlett. 
 
 From this point Ave took Beede's stage for ElizabethtoAvu and West- 
 port, and so, viu the DelaAvare and Hudson Canal Company to Saratoga, 
 made the round trip in about tAVO Aveeks. 
 
 We would suggest that the tourist from Beede's go over Mount Marcy 
 to the Deserted Village and then up througli Indian Pass to Lake Pla- 
 cid, Avhich Avould make a fine trip for four or fiA-e days. Wo have also 
 made the trip via Schroon Lake to the Deserted Village, and so OA'er 
 Mount Marcy to the Ausablt Ponds and Beede's; but the trip which we 
 have here indicated, viu Blue Mountam Lake, is in every particular the 
 pleasantest Avay to get into the North Woods, and then persons can ex- 
 ercise their oAvn ijreferenee as to keeping quiet and resting in some shady 
 ^retreat, or taking Avider excursions. 
 
 We have not space, in these brief images, to express our love and en- 
 thusiasm for the Adirondacks. One of these va<:ant months Ave hope to 
 put it in forty or fifty pages, for nothing less than this can do it real 
 justice. It is the sensible thing to do. For, ten days among the Pines 
 and GreenAvood, at an altitude of 2,000 to 5,000 feet, is v/orth more to 
 restore health and vigor, than a month in other Besorts. 
 
 u4(d) 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 
 .« 
 
 
SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 
 
 Wm. H. McCaffrey, proprietor. 
 
 Oixe of the plectsctntest, coziest 
 CLTtd hest mctncLged Hotels irh 
 ScLTCttogcL. 
 
 A MODEL OF NEATNESS, AND A 
 FAVORITE WITH ALL 
 
 Cr» 
 
 iiirt l 'iM. ' .J " JJM i J.gJ.j'.tPy'Wia. i .J ' t! 
 
LAKE GEORGE. 
 
 THE LAKE HOUSE IHE PLEASANT HOTEL OF CALDWELL. 
 
 From Saratoga tho traveler will pursue his jourmy to Lnko George, 
 via Fort Edward and Glen's Falls, and then nine miles by stage, a pleas- 
 ant route, or via Fort Ti, and four nnles rnil to tho Lake, nnd so up the 
 Lake to Caldwell. The traveler, however, generally makes tho round 
 trip via Glen's Falls, and so down tho Lake to Fort Ti, and this not only 
 gives variety hut takes one through a beautiful country, and by many 
 points of historical interest. Between Fort Edward and Glen's Falls, is 
 the tree where Misa McEea was killed by the Indians, and after taking 
 the stage, tho tiaveler will see Bloody Pond, the "Williams Monument, 
 and many other points connected with the history of the Revolution and 
 the French and ludiiin wars. 
 
 The Hotels.— TheLuke House, a view of which is given on the oppo- 
 site page, has a dcslightful location, and taken all in idl, presents to our 
 minds the greatest attractions to tho tourist. It seems to have been the 
 object of those interested in certain hotels, to blind the eyes of those 
 traveling so that they might conclude that there was only one hotel at 
 the Lake. During tho last four years we have spent many days at Cald- 
 well, and tested the entertainment of all the hotels, nnd we give without 
 reserve, the verdict to tho Lake House, In days like these, which try 
 men's pockets, the traveler wishes to get the worth of his money, and 
 this he will be sure to d . b the hotei wo have indicated. Therefore, if 
 some enthusiastic porter ii^dists on taking charge of your baggage at the 
 ornamental front of some other house, remember it only occupies thirty 
 seconds to have him "put it back," and only two minutes thereafter to 
 be driven to the Lake House. The trees and grounds of this hotel are 
 very tasty, and tho pleasant cottages are an attractive feature. The Pro- 
 prietor, Mr. F. G. Tucker, has made extensive improvements, and there 
 is no finer table in the United States. The hotel is 300 feet long, with 
 piazzas fronting the Lake and Street, with an open porch on one side, 
 shaded with maples, and lawn sloping toward the Lake. Tfr^a $2 per 
 day for June, $2.50 for July, August and September. All steamboats 
 leave tho Lake House dock, and stages leave the door connecting with 
 trains. As stages start from here, outside seats are readily obtained. 
 
 »«5 
 
 /- 
 
 ;jS' V^'!PV*B"^»?> 
 
 iMi«ti;,ii .,;- ^ftfl3^»*se^iigEs!as^a^i«iaft««i-i*w'•''' 
 
I 
 
 l^ELL. 
 [> George, 
 t, a plcos- 
 Ho up the 
 tlio round 
 not only 
 by many 
 « Falls, is 
 cr taking 
 'onument, 
 utiou and 
 
 the oppo- 
 nts to our 
 3 been the 
 s of thone 
 B hotel at 
 7H nt Cald- 
 ve without 
 which try 
 loney, and 
 erefore, if 
 rage at the 
 pies thirty 
 ereaf ter to 
 I hotel are 
 The Pro- 
 and there 
 long, with 
 L one side. 
 ruia $2 per 
 iteamboats 
 cting with 
 itained. 
 
CROSBYSIDE-LAKE GEORGE. 
 
 C110SBY3IDE HOTEL.-F. G. CROSBY, Pbopbietob. 
 After leaving the Lake House landing the little steamer crosses the 
 Lake to Crosbysiae, Avith its attractive grounds and magnificent location. 
 We regi-et that wa have not a picture to help us express our admiration 
 of this charming place. The view from the veranda commands the Lake 
 for fifteen miles, with Tongue Mountain in full view, and Dome Island, 
 Long Island, and Recluse Island in the distance. It is admitted by ev- 
 ery one that no house on the Lake has such a fine prospect. It seems to 
 be located in just the right place, and every guest says, in just the right 
 hands. Mr. F. G. Crosby has gathered to himself, by his personal qual- 
 ities, the best people who visit Lake George. As Mr. Stoddard has re- 
 marked iu his Guide : " Crosbyside is to Lake George, what the Claren- 
 don is to Saratoga, having an unostentatious but select class of visitors." 
 It has capacity for accommodating about 200 guests, and the same old 
 faces are drawn back again, year by year, not only by the delightful sur- 
 roundings, but as has been well said, by " the bountifully supplied table, 
 made inviting by its crisp purity and dainty niceness." The natural park 
 near at hand; is also a pleasant featm-e, and the broad piazza and cheerful 
 dravving-rooms are suggestive of comfort and repose. It is a quiet, beau- 
 tiful spot, and almost every day some visitor to the Lake says : "if we 
 had only known of Crosbyside before." It is one of the few hotels which 
 exist without advertising, or rather it needs no other advertisement than 
 the good words of friends who come annually, to make themselves and Mr. 
 CiJsbyalika happy. It is natural that the stages should prefer to stop at 
 Caldwell, but they arc willing to take the traveler without extra charge, to 
 Crosbyside, and we are sure the tourist will consider it worth something to 
 be in the hands of a gentleman who is always himself, and in a condi- 
 tion to take care of his guests. Board from $10 to $20 per week, depend- 
 ing upon size and situation of rooms. Go there if you can get past the 
 runuers, and you will find it harder still, to leave such a home. 
 
 For al! pouits down the Lake we refer the traveler to Stoddard's Guide 
 of Lake George, givii'gan accurate description of the Islands, Mountains, 
 and everj'thing, in fact, which the traveler wishes to know. His Hand- 
 Book to Lake George and the Adirondaoks, leave little to be desired in 
 
 117 
 
 X 
 
 ?T'''''5»»r<«w<<oi»eE»ssS(S«»»«<«»««* 
 
 ■ .^«i ' tyAWS)Wtt,'!i'{WJJV f .J.'iwm- ' .i"M. '' <-*u"i!iW ' -'- 
 
a 
 
 the way of information and suggestion ; and wo will only add, that we 
 have yet to see a person who was not charmed with Lake George. The 
 trip through the Lake connects with the Railroad for Fort Ti., and the 
 tourist often comes and goes by that way, avoidmg the stage Ime ; but for 
 ourselves, we like the "round trip," and the carriage ride from Glen's 
 Falls. We might also add, that the touri t can stop at the charming 
 Rockwell House, Glen's Falls, and have a fiae morning ride to the Lake, 
 connecting with the steamer, which is a great convenience if the traveler 
 is worn or tired. This affords the visitor an opportunity of visiting points 
 of interest about Glen's Falls, without losmg any points of interest on 
 
 the Lake. •. , j 
 
 The reader who does not visit Lake George may feel that he is switched 
 oflf on a side-track at ' Fort Edward, and returning to his rescue, we 
 proceed again via the main line through Dunham's Basin, Smith's Basin, 
 Fort Ann and Comstock's Landing, to 
 
 WHrrEHAiii, a village of six or seven thousand inhabitants, with a 
 romaotio location at the head of Lake Champlain. This village is the 
 centre of a large lumber trade, and has a location quite 1 Ike an infant 
 Chicago. The best hotex is Hall's Opera House Hotel, well built and 
 weU managed. The Opera House is one of the finest in Northern New 
 York, having a seating capacity of about 1,500. It was completed and 
 opened by Edward HaU, in the Fall of 1875. 
 
 NEW YORK AND CANADA RAILWAY. 
 
 From Whitehall the traveler has two routes before him for Montreal, 
 one via Port Kent, Plattsburgh, and Rouse's Point ; the oth'^r via Rut- 
 land, Burlington and St. Albans. The new route via the New York and 
 Canada Railroad, completed in the Summer of 1876, opens up a romantic 
 and delightful country for Summer travel. It crosses all the thresholds 
 for tho Adirondacks, and shortens the journey to the mountam districts. 
 It passes through five mountam ranges, the most southerly, the Black 
 Mountain range, terminating in Mt. Defiance, with scattermg spurs com- 
 ing down to the very shore of the Lake. 
 
 The second rani|e is known as the Kayaderosseras, the terminations of 
 
 118 
 
 II 
 
 ' jM>&-. '! ^ i iS 'ri3sxss ^miJ»v t^ 0j'i '9 amr' 
 
II' 
 
 which lie along the shore Jiorth of Ticondcroga, culminating in Bulwagga 
 Mown tail . 
 
 The ;'' rd range passes through the western part of Schroon, the north- 
 em par ' f Moriali and centre of Westport, ending in Split Rock Moun- 
 tain. Tho fourth range, the Bouquet Range, ends in high bluffs on Wills- 
 boro Bay. Here the famous Red Rock Cut is located, and the longest 
 tunnel on the line. 
 
 The fifth range, once known as the Adirondack Range, as it includes 
 the most lofty of the Adirondack Mountains, viz. : Mclntyre, Golden and 
 Tahawas, end in a rocky promontory known as Tremblau Point, at Port 
 Kent. These facts, which we know will be of interest to the traveler, are 
 found in the Plattsburgh Republican — the great Thesaurus of Tahawas 
 matters. The historical sketch of this road, written by Mr. G. F. Bixby, 
 its able editor, was highly complimented, and re-printed by the oflScers of 
 the Road. 
 
 No wonder with these mountain ranges to get through that the subject 
 was agitated year after yeai*, and it was only when the Hudson and Dela- 
 ware Canal Company put their strong shoulder to the wheel that the 
 work begun to go forward. For theso mountains meant tunnels, and rock 
 cuts, and bridges, and cash. Leaving Whitehall, we pass through the 
 tunnel near the old steamboat landing, across the marsh, which must have 
 suggested the beginning of the Pilgrim's Progress, for it seemed almost 
 bottomless, we are wheeled along the narrow end of the Lake, still 
 marked by light-houses, where steamers once struggled and panted 
 "like fish out of water," and fulfilled the Yankee's ambition of nmning 
 on a heavy dew. Winding in and out along tlie shore we proceed to 
 
 TicoNDEROOA, 23 miles from Whitehall. Here terminates the first 
 range of the Adirondacks, to which we have already referred, viz. : Mount 
 Defiance. Steamers com^ect with the train at this point on Lake Cham- 
 plain, also a Railroad for Lake George. Near the station we get a view 
 of old Fort Ticonderoga, where Ethan Allen breakfasted early one morn- 
 ing, and said grace in a brief and emphatic manner. 
 
 The Lake now widens into a flue sheet of water, and crossing the Lake 
 George outlet, enters a deep rock-cut which soon deepens into a tunnel 
 some 300 feet long. 
 
 119 
 
 -*":- 
 
 * 
 
■" I 
 
 Cbown Point is 34 miles north of Whitehall, with its blast furnaces 
 and branch railroad to Hammondville mines, some thirteen milea in 
 length, up the Valley of Put Creek. Passing along the. shore of Bul-wag- 
 ga Bay, vre come to 
 
 PoBT Henby, 40 miles from "Whitehall, where there are more blast fur- 
 naces and another private Eailroad, seven miles long, to Mineville, -we 
 pass through another cut and another tunnel some 300 feet long. A few 
 miles above this the roailroad leaves tho Lake at Mullen Brook, the first 
 departure since we left Wliitehall, and we are greeted with cultivated 
 
 fields and a charming landscape. ■• • t 
 
 Westport, fifty-one miles from Whitehall the Eailroad station for 
 EuzABBTHTOWN, the couuty seat of Essex. It is about eight miles 
 distant from the station, and we know of no pleasanter village nestled 
 among the mountains. A county consisting mostly of mountain scenery 
 could have no happier location for a head-centre. The Mansion House 
 is the finest hotel in the village. The Rev. Henry Ward Beecher was at 
 Elizabethtown in the Summer of 1876, and dedicated a church for a friend. 
 It is related that his principal occupation for several days, wis walking 
 up and down the veranda and saying to himself : "Isn't it /jrand— this 
 circle of mountains ? " 
 
 Passengers, however, who are °-n route for Keene Flats and the moun- 
 trm district, will always remember that the best route is via Port Kent, 
 Reeseville, and the Ausable Chasm, as there is a daily stage from 
 the Lake View House, Ausable Chasm, to Keene Valley. It is, with- 
 out doubt, the best conducted stage line in the United States. 
 
 Keene FijAts is to our mind <Ae point of the eastern slope of the Adi- 
 rondacks — only four miles f u the Ausable Ponds. Smith Beeda has 
 the larg(!H^ and most commodious ho «1 the nearest to the Lakes, and on 
 the highest pround, some l.aOO feet above tide-water. When a person 
 gets to Beed. ; he has a right to say he is in the "country," and on the 
 shore of Lak. Walanche, he might sa/ he was in the "wilderness." A 
 short distance orth of Westport we enter the well cultivated Boquet 
 Valley, and afti . a pleasant run we come to Wellsboro Falls, where we 
 enter seven miles of rock cutting. The road is about 90 feet above the 
 lake, and the cuts in many places are from 90 to 100 feet high. After 
 
 120 
 
 I 
 
 m nim ■ n i auxjjM,.i jii i |ji_||||i|| jg |jj^ i jy^|yia)_|pLj,i,^ ' M'tiii l .U^^ 
 

 leaving Bed Bock Cut, we pass throitgh a tunnel 600 feet long. CrosMng 
 Higby's Gorge and around Tremblau Mountain, we come to 
 
 UOKSKSHOK AND niRMINGHAM FA^ T 
 
 PoBT Kent, to AvLicli Keeseville, an euterijrisiug village, connects it- 
 self by a weU-managed stage line, oAvned and managed by 'Mi. Harper. 
 There is a good deal of progressive life about this pleasant town of 4,000 
 
 izi 
 
Oroauiig 
 
 
 sonuects it- 
 Ir. Harper, 
 wn of 4,000 
 
 ' 
 
 inhabitants. Tho scenery is charming and romantic on every sidf*— we 
 remember only one moontaia, however, by name, to wit : the " Poke O'- 
 
 CATHBDRAI. ROCK. 
 
 Moonshine," and " thereby hangs a tale," as a lady observed ou the stage 
 when we last visited this section. Perhaps Mr. Harper knows tlie story, 
 as we saw him smile — ask him ! 
 
 122 
 
 :| 
 
But the crowning point of interest is the 
 
 AusABLB Chasm, a mile and a-half from the village of Keeseville, or 
 five miles from the station or landing at Port Kent. 
 
 THE SENTINEL AND TABLE ROCK. 
 
 The Lake View House has a revy fine location, nnd iapar excellence 
 the hotel of the place. The honse is f oiir stories high and has a fine ont- 
 
 IZ3 
 
 -. "i^-sif-f'X^^Pi^.l'-:.- 
 
leseville, or 
 
 » 
 
 r excellence 
 s a fine out- 
 
 look over the Lake, commanding an extended view of the Adiron Jaoka 
 and tho Green Mountains oi Vermont. 
 
 
 « ' 
 
 
 ^ ■ ' ■ - ! 
 
 \ ^p 
 
 
 -V^ V'fc ■■ 
 
 
 ^^ '* V, y' 
 
 ■\ m^^^M 
 
 #. 
 
 ^s .- '":^^i4^fcii;, a 
 
 ■ ^' , , ■ t r^%t-^::i 
 
 :. -^ 
 
 ^^^^s 
 
 1 ■ -:;...,. . •..■ 
 
 
 
 1 ^^.--~':\.T -i-^ 
 
 
 ~ h^- - "'T-"^^ 
 
 1 
 
 KNTUANCB TO THK FLUMK. 
 
 It ia now three or four years since we visited the Ausable Chasm, but 
 the pictures are still stamped upon our mind clear and definite — the 
 ledge under Birmingham Falls, the Flume, the Devil's Pulpit, and the 
 
 "4 
 
lit Mill T«fw*-t iijww .L iwwugw r^^^?!??' "Jg^'J'?!'||g*ff.y Sy' g''!'*^l'^y'** 
 
 boat-ride, on the swft current. Indeed, the entire rock-rift, almoBt two 
 luik'B in length, hns loft an impresBion which subsequent views have not 
 
 THE i)A8IK. 
 
 effaced. Since that time it has been my good fortune to visit Watkine 
 Glen, Trenton Falls, and the Flume of the Opalescent, on tlie western 
 side of Mount Marcy, but their wild beauty and grandeur are all blended 
 
 las 
 
noBt two 
 have not 
 
 it Watkins 
 he western 
 ill blended 
 
 in this wonderful chasm. We advise every northern tourist not to pass 
 by this feature of the trip. Save a day orhalf a day somewhere else on 
 
 SOWN FROM HYDE'S CAVB. 
 
 the route, and see the Ohaam of the Ausable. The one thing which we 
 remember more definitely than any other, was the illusion that we were 
 floating up stream, that the river, compressed in these narrow Umits, had 
 
 126 
 
 rmi.i -I 'II 'i' Viiiii i "• 'tiiiiii^'nftMAjiMtiit 
 
 mmm 
 
V 
 
 "got tired" of finding it j way out, and thought tho easieat -way was to 
 run up hill nnd get out at the top. 
 
 The viewK here given wore furnished us by Mr. Joseph Angell, Gen'l 
 PoBsenper Agent of tho Delaware and Hudson Caual Company, of Alba- 
 ny, N. Y., and wo take this opportunity of thanking him for his courtesy. 
 The comenionces for enjoying n visit to tho An Siiblo Chnsm, were never 
 BO complete us this season. Tho now Truss Bridges and iron railings 
 in the rock galleries, render the trip absolutely safe. The Lake View 
 House. H. n. Van Aranam, Proprietor, is olao greatly enlarged, with an 
 extension of 72 feet, four stories high. The dining-room will seat HOO por- 
 Bons, and is without doubt the pleasafltest in Northern N. Y. It is, in fact, 
 a model hotel, and a pleasant point to visit en route to the Adirondacks. 
 
 PLATTfiDunaH, the most flourishing town in Northern New York, is 14 
 miles from Port Kent, and !1i' los from Whitehall. Tho roTite to the 
 Adirondack Mountains, via 1 i.ittsburgh, is easy and pleasant, via train 
 to Ausable Forks, some 20 miles distant. Tho Fouquet Hotel is the 
 best hotel, and in fact is without a rival in Northern Now York. It is 
 conveniently located close by tho station, and travelers on through trains 
 have ample time for meals. We call special attention, also, to the 
 annauncement on the opposite page, as it fully sets fortli the proper 
 thing for the visitor to do, and it will well repay him to linger a day or 
 more and take the excursions here indicated. The northern part of Lake 
 Champlain offers special attractions to camping parties. The shores and 
 islands abound in excellent sites. Lake Champlain is also replete with 
 interest to the historian. The ruins of Fort St. Anne are still soon on 
 the north end of Isle La Mott, built by the French in 1G60. Valcour 
 Strait, where one of the battles of '76 was fought; Valcour's Island, 
 where lovers came from far and near, built uir castles, wandered through 
 these shady groves for a season or two, and then vanished from sight, 
 bankrupt in everything but mutual aflfeotion ; Cumberland Bay, with its 
 victory, September, 181i, when the British were driven back to 
 Canada ; and many other points which can be visited by steamer or 
 yacht. We advise every one to linger a day in this charming section, 
 and heartily commend them to the excellent care of Mr, North, of the 
 "Fouquet." ^ 
 
 MJH i w ) ti ii wj w!w«itti)a i ! W<lt-'-. — — — 
 
Congress Water. 
 
 This famous Water is a well-known specific I'or Constipation, 
 Indigestion, and all disorders of the Stomach, Liver, Kidneys, 
 Bladder, etc. Otiier coarse-crude Mineral Waters, foreign and 
 domestic, not only aggravate such disorders when they exist, 
 but, being irritants, positively induce tliem by their effect on 
 the mucous membrane. ' • 
 
 Congress Water contains none of those deleterious ingredi- ! 
 ents found in so many of the foreign imported waters, which 
 intelligent foreigners carefully avoid, as do the intelligent 
 residents of Saratoga, the coarse, irritating waters found iu 
 some of its numerous springs. 
 
 All Mineral Waters that are dangerous irritants may be 
 known by their acrid-acid like after-taste. 
 
 For sale, in l)ottles only, by all leading Druggists, Grocers 
 
 and Hotels. ■ '> 
 
 CONGRESS & EMPIRE SPRING CO., 
 
 Saratoga Springs, JV. Y. 
 
 WJJLWlUMM.i,. 
 
 '^SriIHS^ia'«B«S8«9fie*3<^-^^Ji&<^.'iiPBS^ 
 
TO MONTBEAL via RUTLAND AND BURLINGTON. 
 
 C!ENT«AL VF.KMONT BAII-UOAD. 
 
 At Wlntchall one l)rftncli of tlio KowsHolaer iind Saratoga Railrootl 
 bends to the eoHt anil paHses through Fairhaven, Hydeville, Costloton 
 and West Poiiltney to Rutland, 244 niih>H fiom Now York. This is the 
 centre of the great marble trade, and ono of the jjroniinent railroad 
 centres of Verniout. The Bardwell House is the finest in Rutland, coni- 
 l)lt(te in all its parts, and handy to the station. Mr. J. W. Crauiton is 
 well known through New York and New England as a popular land- 
 lord and Uiorough husiness man. 
 
 Leaving Rutland for the north, we pass through Hutherhmd Falls, 
 Pittsford, Brandon, Leicester, Salisbury. Middlebury, Brookville, New 
 Haven, Vergennes, Ferrisburgh, Ciharlotto ahd Shelburne to Burlington, 
 which we noticed on the previous page, with its pleowant location on 
 the Lake. The " Van Ness House," D. C. Barber & Co., proprietors, is 
 a fine hotel, central in location, with a nice outlook upon lake and n»oun- 
 tain. It is the largest in Burlington, and will rank as one of the most 
 convenient and thoroughly appointed houses in New England. 
 THE PORTLAND AND OGDFVCtjtjt^o RAILROAD. 
 
 VERJIONT DIVISION. 
 
 From Burlington there is a new and pleasant route, which forms the 
 connecting link between Northern Vermont and the White Mountain 
 region, extending from Lake CHmmplain to the Connecticut river, and 
 from the Connecticut through the Crawford Notch to Portland. 
 
 Passing, as it does, through the most romantic part of the State, in 
 full view of the Adircnidacks and almost the entire Green Mountain 
 range, the scenery all along the route is varied, grand, and imposing. 
 The road passes in full view of Mount Mansfield and Camel's Hump, 
 rising 4000 feet, and overlooking the entire country between Mount 
 Washington in New Hampshire, and Mount Marcy in New York. At 
 Morrisville stages connect with trains for Stowe and Mount Mansfield, 
 ^^Sht miles distant. 
 
 From Morrisville we pass through W^oleott, HardAviek, Walden, and 
 Danville to St. Johnsbnry— the " model town " of New England. Under 
 
 128 
 
FORTLAE AND OSDENSBDRG B. R. LINE. 
 
 Vermont Division. 
 
 NEW AND ATTRACTIVE ROUTE 
 
 BCTWECN 
 
 LAKE CHAMPLAIN 
 
 AND THE 
 
 WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
 
 The Only Line Running Cars Through 
 •without change. 
 
 AmD>j«m«nt of Tntiiu for seaaon of 1880, givea close coaneotloai b jtween tho following 
 polnU : 
 
 New York, Albany, Saratoga, Lake George, Plattsburg, 
 
 Adirondack Mountains, Ogdensburg, Alexandria 
 
 Bay, Montreal, Burlington; 
 
 Mount Mansfield, Newport, White Mountains, North 
 Conway, Portland, Old Orchard Beach, etc. 
 
 For Information, Timo-Tablea, etc., addreaa 
 
 A. B. JEWETT, 
 
 Bup*t. 
 
 C. H. STEVENS, 
 
 GetiH Pass. Agent. 
 
 ST. JOHNSBURY, VT. 
 
 - ^^-^^^-w^,^^i^^Bgffi:t ^■ *i j^ a^■^^gy}T^^e s:^' n j v?T-^wf ■ , 
 
the wise und successful management of the Messrs. Fairbanks, St. ' 
 JohnFbury has developed into the best governed and best educated vil- 
 ln,ge of New England. Here the railroad intersects the Passumpsic 
 Bailroad, connecting for all points north and .south— Montreal, New- 
 port, Springfield, Boston, &c. In our Guide Book " From New York to 
 the Summer Resoi-ts of New England," we make further and more com- 
 plete reference to this pleasant route. But we must not forget that some 
 of our readers are on their way to Montreal, and we therefore pursue 
 our northern journey through Essex, Milton, Georgia, and minor sta- 
 tions to St. Albans. 
 
 St. AtjB.ws.— This village is situated about two miles from and over- 
 looks Lake Champlain. It is a town of about 7000 inhabitants, and 
 was made famous during the rebellion by a Canadian raid. It is a cen- 
 tral point for persons en route for Alburgh and Shelden Spiings, and 
 has a large and magnificent hctelr— the "Welden House," Thomas La- 
 vender, proprietor. 
 
 ■\\e present, on the opposite page, a view of the Hotel and the fine 
 Park on which it fronts, also a picture of the Railroad Depot. Every 
 traveler will find St. .Albans a pleasant place to linger in for a day or a 
 week. It certainly will gi-atify every one who has an eye for the beauti- 
 ful, to obtain a sunset view from the hills which encircle the village. 
 From "Aldis Hill," refen-edto in Norwood, we get a wide view of the 
 Lake, a genuine page of ricturesque America. One beautiful Sabbath 
 evening we visited this commanding eminence; the sky, with broken 
 clouds, seemed like a sea crowded with golden islands, as if the lake 
 itself Avere caught up and transfigured along the entu-e western horizon. 
 The "children of the forest," who lived in sight of the Catskillsand the 
 Adirondacka, caught a tnier revelation than many of our OAvn generation — 
 
 " Of the islands of the bieseed, 
 And the land of the hereafter." 
 
 There are no finer sunsets in the world than at Burlington r.nd St. Al- 
 bans. From tlie top of the Van Ness House at Burlington, we once saw 
 the beautiful bay, with its wide expanse reflecting on earth the glory 
 of heaven. St. Albans is three hundred and forty-two miles from New 
 
 130 
 
 <:rssxiS;Eii-R'^:.-iv<-i~^-i?:?s&-^fi^g^Xsmm^m':(i 
 
 m 
 
! 
 
 ~f^f^}^i^% ^iSS^f^lSH^^ 
 
 J^ 
 
wr 
 
 York by the route we have indicated, via the Hudson River, Saratoga, 
 Eutland, and Burlington; two hundred and sixty-four miles from Bos- 
 ton, and sixty-five miles south of Montreal. St. Albans is a natural 
 centre to the tourist en rouie for Sheldon, Highgate.Alborgh Springs, etc. 
 
 The Central Vermont Eailroad have a pleasant route to Ogdens- 
 bi^jgh, where a person can connect with steamers for Thousand Islands 
 and return via St. Lawrence Bapidi to Montreal. 
 
 The Ramds.— The first rapid below Ogdensburgh is near Chimney 
 Island; the next, the rapids of the Lon^ Sault, nine miles in length. 
 Here the river runs twenty miles an hour. Then the Coteau Eapide, 
 below Grand Island; then the Lachine Rapids, below the town of La- 
 chine, only nine miles from Montreal. 
 
 At.btogh Spbings, is a pleasant -ee^rt for boating, shooting, and 
 fishing, seventeen miles froii St. Albanu >da this line. At Rouses Point 
 connections are made with Lake Champlain steamers on the south, 
 and Montreal on the north, 'joing north, via the direct line to Mon^ 
 treal, we pass through Highgate Springs, with its pleasant FrankUn 
 House, St. Johns, and towns of minor importance to 
 
 MONTBEAL, three hour's mn from St. Albans, four hundred and twenty 
 miles from New York. T'^o city ia built on an Island of the St. Law- 
 rence. The Island being thirty mUes in length and ten in greatest 
 breadth. The Victorio. Tubulai- Bridge is one of the " eight wonders 
 of the world, being two miles in length. TLe spans between the piers 
 are about 250 feet; and the cost of the biidge was almost $7,000,000. 
 The cars cross the bridge in about six minutes. There are many fine 
 builduigs in Montreal ai d mixcli that will mterest the tourist, which we 
 will here indicate in brief. The Chiu'ch of Notre Dame, was opened for 
 public worship in 1829. The ceiling was elaborately gUded in 1876. It 
 is said to have the largest bell on the continent, and is capable of seating 
 10,000 people. The Church of the Jesuits is noted for its beautiful fres- 
 coes, paintings and its musical services. The New Post-Office, the Bank 
 of Montreal, the nev/ City Hall, the Bonsecours Market, and the Custom 
 House, will claim the attention of Wie visitor for the beauty and solidity 
 of their arohitectTure. 
 
 13a 
 
 IS^ 
 
 L^jiMva»,- r jrtgM»^J > ^,-m !y» P ' >rW M *>* 
 
 m 
 
iPRiP 
 
 ^-MB^ jH.aai ra^-.*..-. 
 
 ratoga, 
 m Bos- 
 natural 
 [gs, etc. 
 )gdens- 
 Islands 
 
 himney 
 length. 
 Bapids, 
 1 of La- 
 
 ]g, and 
 38 Point 
 I south, 
 to Men- 
 'rankliu 
 
 L twenty 
 •t. Law- 
 greatest 
 onders" 
 he piers 
 000,000. 
 any fine 
 'hich we 
 ened for 
 876. It 
 I seating 
 iful fres- 
 he Bank 
 Custom 
 i solidity 
 
 There are many Business houses in different branches worthy of m.in- 
 tion, viz.: Savage, Lyman & Co. 's well-known Jewelry cstablishricnt, 
 Gibb & Co., Merchant Tailors (established in 1775), Brown & Clagget's 
 Dry-Goods house, <fec. 
 
 There are many fine drives about the city, especially to the summit of 
 Mount Royal. This mountain, named by Cartier in honor of his king, 
 gave the name to the pleasant city, and during the last few years has 
 been laid out in an artistic and beautifiU park. 
 
 WiNDSOB Hotel. — In the pleasantest part of the cit\-, and fanned by 
 the breezes of Mount Royal, is located the magnificent "Windsor," 
 wh.jse name is alrea<ly favorably known in two continents. In fact, 
 taken all in all, there is no liner hotel in the world. 
 
 WINDSOR HOTEL, MONTBEAIi, E. H. SOUTHGATE, MANAGER. 
 
 This mtvgnificent new hotel, unsurpassed in America for comfort and 
 luxury, and incomparably the finest in Canada, occupies an airy site on 
 Dominion Square, close to the breezy heights of Mount Royal. The 
 appointments of the Windsor Hotel embody every modern invention for 
 the safety and comfort of guests. The cuisine and service are carefully 
 maintained at the highest standard of excellence, and no pains are spared 
 to make the bMy of visitors pleasant and enjoyable. Rooms with baths 
 attached may be had singly or en suite. 
 
 133 
 
 Uim W »ilMtMi i HJ » l»«Butf- ■ 
 
 t«i li uW ' W ' tM '' '*'" » * ' ^ i '' i ^M*W'J't°'J 
 
 T9j^l5Sll(IWW8»DtS-S5a(i«»>«K»»6" 
 
FROM NEW YORK TO SAN FRANCISCO. 
 
 •OVK TRIP-lSlB." 
 
 NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 OuB "Hudaon by Daylight" guide haH expanded slowly year by year, 
 BO that lust sertBou it reacilicd Niagara Falls, Montreal, Harrisburgh and 
 Pittsburgh, for Ave imagined that the traveler on the Hudson might occa- 
 Bionally go somewhere also, and it wsis our purpose to give him the 
 full value of twenty-five cents. This season we feci constrained to give 
 him twenty or thirty pages "Across the Continent," as the result of a 
 three months visit. Our trip was via the Pennsylvania Bailroad, and we 
 hope to divide the journey up in readable sections of easy stages, and 
 the first Bcotiou WG style "New York to Philadelphiii," and as we have 
 not yet refered to Jersey City, which has t^- < r of guarduig the west 
 portal of the Hudson, we will say that it wa. .Aginally known as Paulus 
 Hook, was incorporated as a city in 1820, and is now a city of almost 
 100,000 inhabitants. We took one of the two hundred trains which go 
 daily to and iio over this division of the PennsylvaniaRailroad ; were 
 whii'led through 
 
 Newaek, at the rate of thirty or forty miles an haxir, and would 
 hardly have believe i it was a city of 110,000 people if we had not 
 seen the fact once in a Guide-book, and some years ago hngered an 
 hour in its pleasant streets. It is situated on the rljjht bank of the 
 Passaic Eiver, about four miles from its entrance into Newark Bay ; was 
 settled in 1G66, and the site of the town pm-ohased from the Indians m 
 1CC7. In 18.56 it was incorporated as a city. 
 
 Elizabeth, fifteen miles from New York, is one of tiie pieasantest 
 places of residence, and has grown rapidly during the past ten years. 
 Population about 25,000. 
 
 Passing through Linden and Eahway, a city of about 7,000, settled in 
 1620, and we reach 
 
 New Bkunswice, located on the light bank of the Baritan River ; in- 
 corporated 1791, The town was settled in 1730, by several Holland 
 families from Albany, who imported their bricks, tile, &c,, from the 
 
 »34 
 
 A-: 
 
 I " 
 
 m 
 
 rm 
 
/ 
 
 I ^ 
 
 " Fatherland." Population about 16,000 ; (seat of Eutger's College and 
 the Theological Seminary of the Dutch Reformed Church). The next 
 town of interest is 
 
 Pbinceton, a pleasant place, two miles from Princeton Junction, one 
 of the historic points of our country, where Washington, with a handful 
 of men, out-generaled Cornwallis. The College of New Jersey is located 
 at Princeton, and takes rank with Yale and Harvard, as one of the best 
 and richest institutions of the land. 
 
 Tbenton, the capital of New Jersey, fifty-seven miles from New York, 
 waa settled in 1790, and incorporated in 1792. Population about 25.000. 
 This was also the field of ',ne of Washington's strategio battles. Wliere 
 Washington, that memorable 8th of December, retreated across the Del- 
 aware, and recrossed it again on the 26th, completely surprising and 
 routing the enemy. Passing through Bristol and many smaller stations, 
 wo find ourselves in West Philadelphia, ninety-four miles from New 
 York, " a run of two hours and five minutes." 
 
 Philadelphia is a charming city, and possesses a happy combination 
 of good qualities, perhaps in greater degree than any city in our country. 
 It is full of historic landmarks, well laid out, well governed, has a good 
 record for honesty and integrity, has more home-life and less boarding- 
 houses than any city of its size ; is noted ^oi its hospitality and business 
 enterprise, and is said to have more of Hho social and less of the artificial 
 than other large cities. Perhaps there is something in the mild and gen- 
 tle atmosphere, for it is said that the Indians who inhabited the country 
 bordering on the Delaware were a superior and peaceful race. They 
 were called the Lenni Lenapes, which means "the original people." The 
 city was laid out by WHUam Penn, in 1682. The records of the Dutch 
 settlers in 1623, and the Swedes in 1637, are full of interest to the stu- 
 dent of our early history. Philadelphia was organized as a borough in 
 1684, and on the 25th of October, 1701, it received a city charter. Among 
 the old buildings still standing, v/e would mention Penn's Cottage, in 
 Letitia Court, between Market and Chestnut, built in 1702. The old 
 Swedes Church on Swanson street was built in 1700. Christ Church, on 
 Second street, north of Market, whose chime of bells has perhaps "told 
 more years and events " than any in our country, Independence Hall, 
 
 135 
 
 asoniQjsmnmcst^tx iHw 
 
on Chestnut, between Fifth and Sixth Btreets, built in 1734. The old 
 bell, with its prophetic inscription, 
 
 ■ ' Proclaim Liberty through all the Land to all the luhabitants thereof," 
 is one of the "souvenirs" of '76, and Carpenter's Hall, where Patrick 
 Henry mnde his immortal speech. During tho Involution Philadelphia 
 was regarded the centre of tho United Htatcs, by virtue of its location and 
 population, and Germantown and Brandywiuo, Red Bank and Valley 
 Forge, tell of the struggle, triumphs and disasters of a century ago. The 
 public buildings, the parks and drives, show the enterprise of the last 
 twenty-five years. 
 
 Faibmount Pakk is known nil over the world, and the views on the 
 Schuylkill and Wit iiliickon have been si" otched and painted again and 
 again. The Park encloses about tlirce thousand acres. It will be re- 
 membered that im acres of this park were ect apart for the Centennial 
 Buildings. The University of PcuDsyivania is a beautiful building, and 
 the new Masonic Temple is tho finest edifice of the kind in the worid. 
 The population of Philadelphia is now about 800,000. 
 
 The Pennsylvania Railroad Company has offices at Broad and Chestnut 
 Streets, at Ninth and Chestnut, and 116 Market street, where tickets are 
 sold to almost every point in the United States. The station in West 
 Philadelphia is well appointed, bright and cheerful, and the waiting 
 rooms are a great improvement on the old style of depot architecture. 
 
 FROM PHILADELPHIA TO PITTSBURG. 
 
 We lingered one night at Philadelphia, and took in for the twentieth 
 time. Independence Hall, with its venerable relics, and for the one hun- 
 dred and fiftieth time, more or less, the pleasant show windows of Chest- 
 nut street. Passing through Havreford and Bryn Maur, (a model of 
 taste and beauty,) Rosen -vat, Villanova Radnor, Wayne, Eiigle, Keese- 
 ville, Paoli, Downington, Brandy wine, Cowtesville, *nd other places in- 
 dicated Lu the Oflaciiil Guide, stud we reach 
 
 Lanoabteb, sixty-#»ine miles from Philadelphia., located in the most 
 fertile of %hf wealthiwrt agri*iultural counties in tbf United States. 
 
 Frankhi. and Marshall College is located here, and the most flour- 
 ishing Normal Bchof/l isi the «*«te is vt Millersville, only two miles dis- 
 tant. Population of Liancaster *Dotit 3^,000. 
 
 136 
 
 y 
 
most 
 
 THE ENGLISH PRESS ON AMERICAN MAGAZINE ILLUSTRATION. 
 
 >•• — 
 
 The beauty of the wood engravings in American Magazines is 
 attracting the attention of the art-critics of the world. The fol- 
 lowing recent notices of Scribnek's Monthly and St. Nicholas, 
 taken from papers of high standing in England, may be of interest. 
 
 The London Graphic, 
 
 Considered the best illustrated paper in the world, says in its issue 
 
 of AprillO, 1880: 
 
 "We know of no English magazine -which can in any -way compete -with 
 SoEiBNEB'a MoNTHLT in the matter of illustrations. " 
 
 The ftueen (March 13, 1880.) 
 
 "Soribnek's Monthly is remarkaWe for its illustrations, the peciili* 
 excellence of which is due to the combiB.*;3on of artisiic and mechanical skiU. " 
 
 The London Saturday Review. 
 " The impartial critic who is asked where th* besi. wood-cuts are pro- 
 duced has, we fear, but one answer possible— neither in Englaod, Germany, 
 nor France, but in America." For the proof of the truth of this "reluctant 
 admission," the Remew asks " a comparison of any recent number of Scbib- 
 mxb's MoNTHiiT and the Gornhill. '' 
 
 London Weekly Times (February 8, 1880.) 
 " The midwinter mimber of Bcbibner's Monthly is a really magnificent 
 triumph of American pictorial art and literary genius. There is no English 
 magazine which in any way approaches " Sokibneb for the beauty and 
 vSety of its illustrations, or the freshness and vigor of its text. 
 
 niuBtrated London News (February 7, 1880.) 
 " This magazine in una of the marvels of the day, on account of the num- 
 ber and beauty of the illustrations. " 
 
 The Penny Illustrated Paper. 
 "Tu the production of illustrated moulhly luauit^ines, Nbw York is fMf 
 ahead of London, Bcbibneb'b, wilii Us inimitably flnialind gums of drawing and 
 engraving, being still the wonder and admiration of the art world. 
 
 ,1! 
 
 .ulim.M i i i 'ii i til l iiiijfjm 
 
 II Jn wi'l IHIi|Hll«»|<|WHIIl'IWIWl||l,|»ll)l|M.WII I. ' I' 
 
0m»i 
 
 .jaesemH«!^ 
 
 a jMLMsm mage mnvmax'ss 
 
 LandiBville, 
 
 After leaving LoncaBter we pass throngli DUlerBville, 
 Mount Joy, Elizabethtown and Middletown, to 
 
 Habrisbitboh, the capital of the State, a pleasant city and a great rail- 
 road centre The city is beautifully located ; on the north the Lebanon 
 Valley on the south the Valley of the Cumberland. The first settlement 
 was mlde in 1725, by John Harris, a native of Yorkshire, England. It 
 became the capital of the State in 1810. The capitol buildings occupy a 
 beautiful position on the hill. The Halls of the House and Senate are 
 well arranged and perfect in acoustic qiiality. The Library will well 
 
 I.OCnii:i^ HOUSE, Hur.Ut.nrB, P«.-OEO. W. Hl'NTER, rnupntWOt. 
 
 ropay a visit. Population about 35,000. The best hotel is the },oym 
 non'se, conveniently located in the very heart of the city. U Is within 
 five minutes' walk of the capitol, or the depot. 
 
 The "Lochiel" isundertheexcellentmanagementof Mr. Geo.W. Hun 
 ter. A view of the hotel is here presented, and we cordially commend 
 it to the tourist and traveler. 
 
 From Harrisburg the tourint will find pleasant excursions in many di- 
 rections—one via York and Hanover Court House and Gettysburg. ^ It 
 will be remembered that York was at one time the capital of the nation, 
 
 138 
 
 u 
 
ndiBville, 
 
 freat rail- 
 Lebanon 
 ettlement 
 [land. It 
 occupy a 
 Senate are 
 will "well 
 
 llWOt. 
 
 I Ih within 
 
 lO.W. Hmi 
 Y commend 
 
 in many di- 
 iTsburg. It 
 the nation, 
 
 flf 
 
 FROM NEW YORK TO BALTIMORE AND WASHINGTON. 
 
 VIA HABBISBUBO. 
 
 Althongh tlie general conrse of this article is westward, wo propose to 
 insert a pleasant parenthesis by taking a run from Harrislmrg to Wash- 
 ington. To a person from New York or the New England States, the 
 word " Gettysburg " sounds a long way off; whereas it is only Ave hours' 
 run on the cars from Philadelphia to the most liistoric battlefield of the 
 war, and it does not occur to the tourist en route for Washington, tliiit it 
 scarcely takes an hour longer to go via Harrisburg to the Capitol and 
 have the opportunity of standing upon the field where the "Boys in 
 Blue," with desperate bravon-, made their stand against some of the 
 boldest charges recorded in history. Cemetery Hill, Round Top, Little 
 Round Top and Seminary Ridge, are names not to be forgotten, and we 
 advise every one to make themselves acquainted with these localities. 
 The Soldiers' Monument is noble and artistic— perhaps the best speci- 
 men of monumental art in this country. York, to which wo have al- 
 ready referred, is al)out one hour's run from Harrisburg. Gettysburg is 
 about two hours, and it is certainly worth while, even in a busy life, to 
 pay respect to the metpofy of those who died that our nation might live. 
 Returning from Gettysburg to 
 
 Hanover .TtiNcrioN— some fifteen or twenty miles— wo pass thrinigh 
 alf^lU'KHb) |*')Wlftll(lM, <'lll')(P.yHvll)e, and Hollins, to 
 
 |^\iTTM()liE, known as tlie " >tonuiiicntal City "—population about 
 800,000. The best bud 1 is tlu; rViTrolUon, presidiil over by Mr. F. W.^ 
 Coleman, who is already recognized as uimiliU M/'> lead)/ 'liofelmen" 
 of this country. If the well known kading proprietors of this countiy 
 were to be counted on the "ten fingers," we would find among the ten 
 the manager of the CairolUon. The hotel i'3 admirably constructed— 
 the most convenient and latest built in Baltimore. All lines of city pas- 
 setilicr i^ars pass its doors. A large elevator runs continuously to all 
 
 floors. 
 
 The three principal f-ature.? of interest to the visitor in Baltimore are 
 the "Johns Hopkins University," the "Peabody Institute," and the 
 
 
 •aaMttREtaaisutsiiissUssiKUSI 
 
 asafc^'^.j^sarasif^f^^sfc-' 
 
BARNES' PERIODICALS. 
 
 INTERNATIONAL REVIEW. 
 
 .VtONTHI^V. 0)ie Year, $5'0O 
 
 MAGAZINE OF AMERICAN HISTORY. 
 
 MONa'IIX-.Y, One Year. $5.00 
 
 BARNES' EDUCATIONAL MONTHLY. 
 
 Ovie Yfvir, 
 
 International Review 
 Historical Maga;;ine 
 
 COniBINA'TIOi'V OFFEH. 
 
 International Review ) 
 Educational Monthly I 
 
 On,' lV..r$9,00 
 
 International Review^ 
 
 Historical Magazine O"'^ !""• $9.50 
 
 Educational MonthlyJ 
 
 $l.SO 
 
 One Kenr $5.75 
 
 Historical Magazine > 
 Educational Monthly ) 
 
 Out Vcar $5.75 
 
 BARNES' REVIEW, MAOAZINK, AND KDt'CAT'ONAL MONTHLY — Specimen coplM 
 of tlie three sent to iiuy uildrcuB, with a view to BubRcriblng, on receipt of 45 cents In postage 
 staniiw ; or oitln^r, on receipt of 15 cents. Each takes high rauli in its special sphere. 
 
 ATLAS SERIES OF ESSAYS.-Paper Covers. 
 
 .JUST I^UIJLISIIKD. 
 N«. 11.— 'rMKOI-40CjSI<'AI^ U:>' REST.— Discussions In Science and 
 Religion. rrU-o, 25 c4-iilH. 
 
 A collection of l'-MayH,taltin« opponite BldpH on the so-called Qnestious at iswie lietween 
 Science and Ueltirion, liy Jamks Anthony Kuouuk, Prof. 1'. a. Tait, of the University of Ediu- 
 bnrKh, and Dr. E. A. WASiimniN, of New Yoik. 
 
 No. 
 1. 
 
 Tin' CiiiTt^ncy <*ni!»ti<ni. By Amaba Walkkk. U.. D. ••,■.• •, • 
 
 TtlvM III" Mark. BioK-raphieal and Critical EBS-nys on Bryant. LousriclJoA', I'oe, 
 Charles TeuuyRou, Macaulay, Freomanj Cnrtius, Kiunner, Tlcknor, and Mill. 
 
 iTice. 
 S0.30 
 
 3. Th 
 
 By E. P. Wiiivi'LE, E. A. 1'iikf.ma.v, J. II. Inoham, Noah Porteh, and others. . 
 ic Iiabor (liK'sllnii. Political and Social F.KFaysoiiCo-oiierativH Stores, Wasret' 
 in Enfflaud, Aici By Thomas HuonKs, TH().mah Bkahsey, Judife Cooley and 
 
 others . „ 
 
 The (Jenteiiiiinl Exiiibitinn. A Criticism. By (len. Fbanci.s A. A\ alkeh. . 
 Ell I'onciin Exliibllloiis. By M. Oindiuez, of Paris, mid Prof. J. Morgan Habt. 
 Tliv Giilil K.Miiii, f^toek Excliniiife, nnd t'li'iivliiK Huuse. Three Essays 
 
 liy KINAHAN OOBNWALLTS. . . . . . ' „ • „• •, ,; 
 
 Hii[li<;i' Ediicniioii. Essays by Dr. JamehS'cCcsh,?. O. IlAMERTONaud others. 
 The t'i-l8l» lu Euglaud. Rt. Hon. W. E Gladstone 
 
 .60 
 
 .10 
 
 CIlEi>IATIO:>'. By an Eye-witness and a ChriBtlnii minister. Illustrated. 
 lOmo, paper. 15 cents. 
 
 ISnUCATIONAT. KXTKA. 
 
 THE ISEW DEPARI'URE \1S «;OI..I.E«IATE COIVTROI.. 
 
 By Prof. Mills, of Wabash College, 8vo., paper. 80 cents, 
 ♦," Any of the nhnrc. bonks or iieriodicaU sent post-paid by mail, on receipt qf price. For 
 sale by bmkKclUrti and iiewKdealern. „... _ „ _ . 
 
 A. S. BAJRNES & CO.. PubUshera, 111 and 113 WllUam St., New Tork. 
 
%i 
 
 Price. 
 •0.30 
 
 .60 
 
 ■St 
 
 .10 
 
 
 "Park." TliP .Tolinf* Hopkins Univt'rsity in locnttnl in the heart of the 
 city, Init the ])ro8p( 'ivc nito of the Collo^e in sonio two miles distant. 
 It is the best euilowed iiuivevHity in our country, Imvinj^ .some milli.MiH 
 of (lollavH at itR command. It has a fine corps of prufessors, ami it is 
 "prophetic of tli'' future." 
 
 The Peabody Institute was founded on the 12th vi Febraary, 1857, by 
 George Peabody, of London and endowed with a fund of #300,0ti«). 
 This fund has since been increased to :ifl, '240,000. 
 
 The Institute consiKts 
 
 CABBOLLTON HOTEL, BAIi'l'IMOBE, MD. 
 
 (Bates reduced to $3.00 au'l $2.S0 pi'r Day aci oidiiig to Location of RoomB.) 
 
 F. W. Coleman, Manaoek. 
 
 of five departments: 1. \ Free Reference Library, in which the books do 
 not cir"ulate. 2. A Lecture Department, for which a snial admission fee 
 is charged. 3. A Consei-vatory of Music. 4. A Gallery of Ai-t. 5. A 
 Distribution of Prcnuiums, amounting to 1200 a year, to the graduates of 
 the public High School of the city and of the School of Design of the 
 Maryland Institute. The collection of books was begun in 1861, and 
 the Library now contains 67,000 volumes. The Library Hall is 84x70, 
 
 140 
 
 •n 
 4' 
 
 E.i.i»i-iirta^.'v>ri8'iAas>.«;;*fi..TiMit 
 
I 
 
 and (51 feet high. Tho alcoves rise in six stories, ami is literally mirrored 
 with books. From Biiltiraoro wo oontinno our trip to 
 
 Wasiiinoton, wliieh every one ought to visit once, unless wo except 
 some of our Oongressnien. It would 1)<» foreign to the purpose of this 
 Guide to go into details. Wo have a right, however, to give advice as to 
 the best hotel, which is the result not only of our own exi)erience, but 
 the experience fif those that we have met in our ten years' pilgrimage. 
 For central location, for the best cuisine, for tho i)leaHantest rooms, tho 
 new Ebbitt House — a picture of which is hero presented — stands with- 
 out a rival in this " unrivalled city " of Washington. 
 
 We hardly know whether we are glad or sorry that we have no 
 statistics at hand of tho Capitol, tho Treasury Building, the White 
 House, or the Patent Office. Wo are compelled to draw from memory ; 
 but like every other good ' ' American, " we consider tho Cai)itol the finest 
 building in the world, and we believe Charles Dickens admitted it. We 
 believe that no other building in the world contains aucL growth of i)rac- 
 tical ideas and display of greater ingenuity than the Patent Office. We 
 believe that no ruler in the world has such a simijle and democratic homo 
 08 the President of the Unit(>d States. Wo believe there is no Treasury 
 Building in the world that represents more brain and muscle and pro- 
 ductive enei'gy. We believe that thei'o is no Park more b(>antiful than 
 the one between the Potomac and Pennsylvania avenue; and lastly, we 
 believe in the "Washington Monument," as the crowning work of the 
 Nation's Faith. This, in brief, is our "creed." 
 
 Returning to Harrisburg, Ave have another pic isant exciii'sion via the 
 Northern Central Railroad to Ithaca, Elmira and Watkins' Glen. Going 
 north from Williamspcvt, the tourist will find a plen-sant resort at Min- 
 nequa Springs. There is also much of interest nbout Ithaca. Watkins' 
 Glen is known tho world over. These beautiful "side attractions" 
 make this tho most popular route for Niagara. In fact, there is no 
 finer round trip than this. Take the Day Boats up the Hudson, then 
 to Niagara over tho New York Central, returning via Watkins' Glen, 
 Williamspcrt and Harrisburg to New York. 
 
 Fbom Harbisbueg West. — The first station on tho main line is 
 
 14» 
 
 1 
 
 ..,a,^Mfin4ii<^i»*i:''^^'ii:i*~/f'%*Vf»t' '^■- 
 
V 
 
 1 
 
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mjm 
 
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 '*'<> ^ 
 
 
 
 IMAGE EVALUATION 
 TEST TARGET (MT-S) 
 
 1.0 
 
 1^ !!«|21 
 
 == la 
 
 I.I 
 
 1.25 
 
 «i 
 
 H 
 IM 
 
 6" 
 
 M 
 
 2.0 
 
 11= 
 
 U III 1.6 
 
 i! 
 
 Photographic 
 
 Sciences 
 
 Corporation 
 
 Pi0Mfpfti0fliK)fm mimm 
 
 23 WEST MAIN STREET 
 
 WEBS^^ER, N.Y. 14580 
 
 (716) 872-4503 
 
 !^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■» 
 
 i\ 
 
 i\ 
 
 k 
 
 :\ 
 
 \ 
 
 % 
 
 <^ 
 
 
 r^t 
 
 
 
 O^ 
 
 "■^^"^^^y' 
 
 Eoa 
 
CIHM/ICMH 
 
 Microfiche 
 
 Series. 
 
 CIHM/ICMH 
 Collection de 
 microfiches. 
 
 Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 
 
 , ," t-i^<,-4iJ^i^'Wj'»*4i»^ 
 
 i^tvi; .,>>i.-""» r.. , 
 
ii 
 
 ^■i 
 
C. C. WILLARD, Proprietor. 
 
 Board and Room at $3.00 and $4.00 per Day I 
 
 PAIULOB AND ALCOVE BOOMS AT EQUALLY LOW BATES. 
 
 BUIX'S EYilS, OR TOP FLOOR (Nice Rooms) AT $2.60 PER J)AY. 
 
 Army and Navy Officers at Special Rates. 
 
 FOUR IRON FIRE ESCAPRS. 
 
 Splendid. J».Tew Hydraul'io Elevator— Otis Bros. <Sc Oo's 
 fhvorite aixd. best job. 
 
 SPECIAL ATTENTION PAID TO PERSONS OOINB TO AND RETURNINO FROM FLORIDA. 
 
 ►«>. 
 
 'f%M »j > <i atn iMi V' i.j»iVJ i< i» ».w* jiwail«i> i waiW«Mt 
 
ff. 
 
 PEOPLE'S LINE 
 
 SSCSi-;— av_. 
 
 "DREW," 
 
 Capt B. 7. Boe. 
 Uonda7, Wednesday, Friday. 
 
 " ST. JOHN," 
 
 Capt. T. D. Ohiiitopher. 
 
 Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday. 
 
 From Pier 41, North River, 
 
 South side of Osnal street,] AT ^ t.M. [Near Jeney City Ferry, DesbrosieB St 
 
 Connecting at ALBANY with trains of the New Yorli Central, for the West ; D. b H. O. Co's 
 roads, for all pointo North ; Albany and Suaqnehanna, for BINQHAMTON ; Boston fe Albany 
 and Boston i.oosao Tunnel k Western B. B., for the Eost, 
 
 Leave Albany at 8.30 P. M. 
 
 Or on arrival of trains from the North and West, change from cars to boat and enjoy a re. 
 freshing night's rest on the Palace Steamers. 
 
 Mim Transterrei Free heiween N. Y. c. R. R. and Steamers at Altany. 
 
 Arrive In New York early next Morning, in time to connect with all linos for the South and 
 East; to Newport, Full River, Boston, Coney Island, Manhattan Beach, Brighton Beach, Long 
 Branch, Ocean Qrove, Fire Island, Newark, Trenfon, Burlington, Phihtdelphla, Baltimore, 
 Washington, and all points Sonth 
 
 BUY YOUR TICKETS "VIA" THE 
 
 PEOPLE'S LINE! 
 
 This is the reliable and popular route for Bosiness Men, Tourists and FanKJlies, to 
 
 Altiany, Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Cbamplain, Scroon Lake, 
 
 AND THE ADIRONDACK REGIONS. 
 
 ^P*The direct route for pleasure travel to all the fashionable resorts between 
 the North, South, and West. 
 
 TICKETS FOR sALE at all the Principal Railroad Ticket Offices In the EAST, SOUTH AND NORTH. 
 
 STATEBOOHS can be secured In advance by communicating by letter or telegraph with 
 
 JNO. C. HEWITT, Gcn'l Ticket Agent. I M. B. WATERS, Gen'l Pass. Agent. 
 
 Pier 41, N. B., r«ot of Canal St.. New Yark. 
 
 ^ 
 
 <Aistlfm>^Mtam^ 
 
 w w wMWwg plR— 
 
The Best Route to the 
 
 CAT8KILL MOUNTAINS. 
 
 The Commodious and Elegant Steamers 
 
 CITY OF CATSKILL, 
 
 Capt. James Stead. 
 
 ; ESCORT, 
 
 Capt. Chas. Bu Ton. 
 
 Leave NEW YORK from Pier 34, foot of Harrison Street, dally (Sunday » excepted), at 6 P. M. 
 Leave OATSKILL daily (Saturdays excepted), at 6 P.M. 
 
 Fare to Gatskill, ONE DOI.LAB. Berths Free. 
 
 Through Tickets from. NEW YOBK to any point in the Mountain 
 Berion at very low rates. 
 
 The " Out or Oatsxill " Is a new steamer of the most approved oonstruction, built in 
 1880 specially for this line, and fitted up with all modern imprivements and in the best style 
 known to steamboat building. Her consort is well known as a favorite with the traveling publio. 
 
 Breakfast on board from 6.30 to 7 o'clock. 
 
 Stages leave at 7 A.M. 
 
 No chaige for transferring baggage from boats to stages. 
 
 Special attention p.iid to the transportation of Horses and Carriages. 
 
 Direct telegraphic communication with all parts of the mountain region. 
 
 N. B.— From July Ist to September 16th the Sunday night boat will leave Catskill at 7 P.M. 
 Instead of & 
 
 Staterooms secured in advance, or information obtained by application to 
 
 WM. DONAHUE, 
 
 OatslsiU, IT. 7. 
 
 — '•^ "■" 
 
 i^iui 
 
 ^kMmm' ltkm tm^ | ^ ^tl » 
 
BooKviLLB, where we reach the Blue Bidge, the flmt of the great Al- 
 legheny range. At this point we croBS the Suequehanna River on a 
 bridge almoBt four thousand feet in length. Pasaing through Marysville 
 the first station in Perry County, we come to Duncannon, fourteen miles 
 from Harrisburg. Here are extensive iron works ; the town has a pic- 
 turesque location, population about one thousand. The Juniata flows 
 into the Susquehanna about one nule above the village. The Island ac 
 the mouth of the river is known as Duncan's, and contained at one timo 
 a large Indian town. 
 The Railroad now leaves the Sasquehanna and follows the Juniata, 
 Passing through Bailey's, Newport, Millerstown. Thompsontown, and 
 Perrysville, we come to Mifflin, the county seat of Juniata County. 
 
 Lewistown, the county seat of Mifflin County, ip sixty-one miles from 
 Harrisburg. It was settled :n 1755, six years after the settlement of the 
 village of Mifflin. This section suffered much from the Indians, and 
 the local history of tins county abounds with taler of cruelty and dar- 
 ing. The Lewistown Narrows will be noticed by the tourist just 
 before entering the town. Here the mountains rise abruptly more 
 than a thousand feet. We now pass through McVeyton, a flourishing 
 borough a short distance from the Haibroad, Newton Hamilton, near 
 Avhioh the Juniata Valley Camp Meeting Association Grounds are loca- 
 ted, Moimt Union, at the entrance of Jack's Narrows, a wild and rugged 
 gorge, Mapleton and Mill Creek, to 
 
 Huntingdon, seat of Huntingdon County. The site of this town was 
 surveyed in 1756. Tlie scenery around it is very beautiful, and it is a 
 compliment to the good taste of the Indians that they seemed to 
 regard this place with special veneration. It is said that a stone 
 column witli strange heiroglyphics, fourteen feet high and six inches 
 square, stood on the flat where Stone Creek enters the Juniata, aud it is 
 believed that the stone was carried west by the tribes in 1755. It is also 
 said that the name "Oneida," one of the Six Nations, means Standing 
 Stone. Perhaps if tlie column could be discovered it would be as valua- 
 ble aa the celebrated Rosetta Stone, now in the British Museum, aud we 
 could set it up in some publio square and have a Cleopatra's Needle of 
 our own. Another stone was erected upon the spot by the white settlers 
 
 H3 
 
 4 
 
 M^ 
 
 ri fi l m I L^Bu-'.. *-*- g a* ' *-a '-, ■ 
 
 ww w B jS S 
 
4 
 
 
 I 
 
 an<3 a part of it is now in pobseseion of the Historical Society of Pennsyl- 
 vania. Huntingdon was laid out by the Rev. Dr. William Smith, and he 
 named it in honor of the Countess of Huntingdon, who had contributed 
 liberally to the University of Pennsylvania. Five miles north of the 
 town are the "Warm Springs," with hotel accommodations for one hun- 
 dred guests. About four miles distant are the Pulpit Eocks, isolated 
 columns of sand stone, so called from their peculiar forraation. Popiila- 
 tion of the Borough a kittle over three thousand. Passing through Pe- 
 tersburgh, Barry, Spruce Creek, Union Furnace and Birmingham, we 
 reach the next express station, 
 
 Tybone, 117 miles from Harrisburg. This town owes its existence and 
 growth to the Pennsylvania Bailroad, and is a large shipping point for 
 Clearfield and Centre Counties. The Sinking Cave, near Tyrone, is a 
 natural curiosity, and well worth a visit. A creek known as Sinking 
 Creek, emerges from the Arch Spring, and then loses itself again and 
 /again. It then enters a large cave and disappears, and no outlet for the 
 stream has ever been discovered. Passing through Tipton, Fostoria and 
 Bell's Mills, we come to 
 
 Altoona, 131 miles from Harrisburg, 117 miles from Pittsburg. The 
 location of the principal workshops of the Pennsylvania Bailroad have 
 created this flourishing city at the base of the Alleghenies. Its name is 
 suggestive of altitude, and it is appropriately named, as it is located 
 1168 feet above tide-water. The site of the city woe selected in 1849, and 
 its growth has been the most rapid of any on the route. Thirty years 
 ago, the valley between Tyrone and Altoona, known as the Logan Valley 
 was little more than a wilderness. In 1854 the celebrated "Logan 
 House " was built, one of the finest hotels in our country. It is a pleas- 
 ant place for the weary traveler to rest. The open station, built of iron, 
 and paved with slate flagging, will at once attract the attention of the 
 tourist, and indicates at once the prosperity and liberal management of 
 the Bailroad. The Company occupies 122 acres in the heart of the city. 
 Population of Altoona a little over 10,000. 
 
 Soon after leaving Altoona we commence the ascent of the mountain at 
 a gratle of ninety feet to tlie mile, but the track is laid with such skill 
 that the cars wind up the moimtain and aroimd Eittaning Point without 
 
 144 
 
 mCSSfSSSS^ 
 
a jai' or jolt. Tho track seemB ns solid as the old mountains themselveB. 
 The view from the " Horseshoe Curve " is grand in the extreme, and the 
 view from tho Summit a few miles beyond, takes in a wide range of 
 moimtain scenery. We are now two thousand feet above the tide, and 
 are whirled through a tunnel 3(312 foot in length, which brings us safely 
 to the Westeni slope of the great range of mountains which for so many 
 years interposed a barrier to Avesteru commerce. The old route is still 
 in the memory of many travelers when tho Portage Eoad with its in- 
 clined plane was used to unite the eastern and western divisions— a tedi- 
 ous trip, especially in the long winter nights when tho winds howled 
 through the mountain passes. Passing tli rough Gallitzin we come to 
 Crksson, a popular summer resort. The line hotel, its altitude 2,000 
 feet— Springs of medicinal water, and fine drives, all contribute to 
 make this one of tho most attractive and healthful resorts on tho route. 
 Passing through Lilly's, Sonman, Portage, Wilmoro, Summer Hill, 
 South Fork, Viaduct, and Mineral Point, we reach Conemaugh, at the 
 base of the western slope of the Allegheny Mountains. We next pass 
 through Johnstown, a prosperous borough with a beautiful location, at 
 the junction of Stony Creek and Conemaugh Kiver. The Cambria Iron 
 Works located here, are said to be the largest in America. Population 
 of Johnstown, a little over G.OOO. Passing through Nineveh, New Flor- 
 ence, and Bolivar, we come to Blair's Intersection, where connection is 
 made for Indiana, a pleasant borough of four or five thousand inhabit- 
 ants, county seat of Indiana County. Four miles from the Intersection 
 we pass through Hillside, Avith its well-known "Great Bear Cave," a 
 great " subteranean series of chambers," where persons can travel for 
 miles. In fact, it has only been partially explored. 
 
 Passing through Millwood, Berry, St. Clair, Latrobe, Beatty's, Comeys 
 and George's, we come to 
 
 Gbeensbuko, 217 miles from Harrisbiirg, 31 from Pittsburg. This 
 county seat was named after General Greene, of the Bdvolutionary Ar- 
 my. The town has a beautiful location, and is flourishing in these later 
 years. This is the junction with the South-west Pennsylvania Railroad, 
 which takes the traveler to 
 Uniontown, the county seat of Fayette County, a pleasant and flonx- 
 
 I 
 
 <i 
 
 ^ 
 
 V. 
 
<i 
 
 Jt 
 
 ishing borough. The surrounding country is chiirraing, and speaking 
 from the experience of two visits during the last six months, vre know of 
 no place better suited for a pleasure and health resort. One pleasant 
 morning we drove over the old Braddock Road, known in brief, ns " the 
 Pike," and had a flnoview from tlio mountain siimmit. This is tho Brad- 
 dock country, and the old hero's grave is close to the road, about ten 
 miles from Uniontown. We also had the pleasure of taking a drive to 
 California, some sixteen miles distant, with Professor Cooke, County 
 Superintendent of Fayette, on a visit to the Normal School. 
 The country in south-western Pennsylvania abounds in mineral resour- 
 
 ■ETENTB ATE. HOTEL, PUtsburK.-E. J. UNDER t. CO. , Prop's. 
 
 ces, and poBsesses a charming climate. Eetuming to Greensburg, we 
 pursue our route west through Penn, Irwin, Carpenter, Wall, Brinton, 
 Braddocks, Copeland, Hawkins, Swissvale, Wilkinsburg, Homewood, 
 Liberty, Shadyeide, Millvale and Lawrenceville, to 
 
 PiTTSBCBO, 248 miles from Harrisburg, 345 from Philadelphia, 444 
 from New York. This city was incorporated as a borough in 1804, and a 
 city charter was granted in 1816. Steara navigation in 1811 made her 
 the centre of a large trade, and her growth was sure even before she was 
 known as the Iron city. Allegheny City, on tho west side of the Alle- 
 gheny River, is coimected with Pittsburg by three fine bridges. The 
 
 146 
 
 » 
 
 ij!Ajkwt«»«iBwit i «»»i4^^ ' ' '' W(i i i«ii>ii« 
 
••-itifxmw^'^f^tmimtsBmatBi^^vi^i^f^ ■ 
 
 city rcmimla ono Bometliing of Olusgow, and is still beautiful, though 
 Braoke-stdinetl by the soft coal hcio uBod in the iron works and in private 
 residences. It is said there is no more healthful city in America. The 
 public buildings are numerous and imposing. The educational facilities 
 good, and in every particular deserves to rank second to Philadelphia. 
 The best hotel is the Seventh Avenue Hotel, a cut of which is here giv- 
 en. It is centrally located, only five minutes walk from ♦he depot, and 
 is now flourishing under the care and direction of a well-known and de- 
 servedly popular landlord, formerly of the Keystone Hotel Company. 
 
 FROM PITTSBURG TO CHICAGO. 
 VIA prrrsBiTKO, fobt watne and chicaoo bailboad. 
 From tliis point wesi We are compelled to be more definite, as we find 
 we are limited to fifteen or twenty pages. Passing through Rochester, 26 
 miles west of Pittsburg and New Brighton, along the banks of the Ohio 
 River, we soon find ourselves in the Buckeye State. Then through Alli- 
 ance, MassUon, Orrville and Mansfield to Crestline, the highest point on 
 the Fort Wayne Road, Here is a fine hotel and restaurant, which we 
 can commend td the traveler as one of the best in the country. From 
 Crestline we pass through Forest and Lima to Foi-t Wayne, 320 miles 
 west of Pittsburg. Columbia, Warsaw, Plymouth, Wanatah. Liverpool, 
 and other towns and villages, with names familiar to the traveler, in Ohio, 
 we passed through in the night and arrived at Chicago at 6:20 in the 
 morning. We learned that the land in the eastern part of Ohio was worth 
 from $75 to $100 per acre, and that it was not only a fine farming country 
 but also enriched by coal deposit- In the eastern part freestone crops 
 out along the hillsides, but in the western part cf the State we see what 
 is known as the Ohio limestone. The towns looked prosperous and flour- 
 ishing for the most part, and we found the Pittsbm-g and Fort Wayne 
 Railroad a worthy continuation of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Sonae 
 years ago, on a trip to Chicago, we took one of the northern routes via 
 Albany and Rochester, but we believe that the route via Philadelphia and 
 Pittsburg is pronounced the pleasantest for all seasons of the year, and 
 the courtesy which the traveler receives, is in marked contrast with some 
 
 of the competing lines. 
 
 >47 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^.. 
 
^ 
 
 I 
 
 Chioaoo.— The traveler will find it to his plewnre and comfort to lo- 
 cate here for a few days, aud note the enterprise of this marvelloua city. 
 It Hcema impoBHible that u city of six hundred thousand should have 
 grown up in the last thirty years, a city even more compactly built than 
 London or New York. And in no feature is the enterprise of its people 
 BO marked as in the various hotels that seem to have attained perfection 
 not only in beauty of architecture, but also in excellence of management 
 and perfectitm of cuietne ; and we venture to say, and we Lave tried 
 at least three of them, there is no pleasauter hotel between Iho Winlsor, 
 of New York, and the Palace of San Francisco, than the Grand Paoifio 
 OF Chicago. The tourist who desires to see life and study human na- 
 ture, will find no better point of observation than the grand Office and 
 Exchange of this hotel. Here the tourist from every country, the mer- 
 chant, the man of business, all gather, and the whole life of this great 
 continent seems to ebb and How through the great corridors. It is pro- 
 nounced the most elegantly furnished hotel in America. The building 
 is massive, symmetrical and graceful in appearance, a monument of solid- 
 ity, and one of the greatest ornaments of this beautiful and rapidly in- 
 creasing'city. 
 
 FROM CHICAGO TO OMAHA, 
 
 VIA CHICAGO AND NOBTH -WESTERN RA'^ «OAD. 
 
 We left Chicago Tuesday morning, the 25th of March, and now felt 
 that we were really "off." We had spent eight days thus far, 'm route, 
 stopping here and there by the wayside, but now we were really started 
 for the Mississippi, the Missouri, and the Pacific. Passing through the 
 pleasant suburbs of Chicago, through Cook and Du Page Counties, we 
 come to Geneva, ^ beautiful town of 2,000 inhabitants. St. Charles aud 
 Batavia are flourishing towns near at hand. Ashton, 84 miles from Chi- 
 cago, was the scene of many thrilling incidents during the Black Hawk 
 war. Dixon, 98 miles from Chicago, on Bock Eiver, is a city of seven 
 thousand inhabitants, and tliis part of the State is called the "Western 
 Eden." A little more than an hour's run^from Dixon, or 137 miles west 
 of Chicago, wo reach the Mississippi Eiver, and cross a magniflcf nt iron 
 
 148 
 
 ■ -.:»B i| i«ii|l(i l |iwtliiiiM>»81B)iM>i»)i l »« ''' »''fa 
 
 ii< 8i » »T i ) < ar»ie i » i«i jwfW g 
 
''■^," 
 
 MANSION HOUSE, 
 
 Oor. BROADWAY & HUDSON AVE,, 
 
 W. THOMPSON, - - - Proprietor, 
 
 One Block and a-half from Steanfiboat Landiiig, 
 
 And on thi) direct rout.' to all the Kallroart DcpotR, blch arc only odo and »-Ualf blocks north 
 
 of the House. You do not nitd to take any of the so called ' ' Free Omnibuses ; 
 
 we are bo near the Depots and Doats wo need no Omnibus . 
 
 i^ 
 
 Our Terms are only $2 per day— not $3 or $4— and on settling 
 bills there aro no "extras" for Omnibus 
 Pa'-e or Porters. 
 
 your 
 
 The Proprietor will spare no palus to make the traveling public comfortable, and the 
 House horae-llke. and those who desire . comfortable and pleasant stopplng-place will find It 
 
 " '"hf Proprietor only desires to accommodate those who desire a good, substantial Hotel and 
 pleasant Booms, as the price will lntlm»te-not those who prefer show to comfort 
 
 This House has been newly furnished and refitted throughout, and In connection will be 
 
 found 
 
 Bartier-SiiOD, Billiards, Bath-Rooins, Bar, M StaWiiig. 
 
 WARM SUPPER FOR FIFTY CENTS 
 
 On the arrival of the Boat, and ample time left to reach 
 SARATOGA and NIAOARA TBAINS. 
 
 ^^, 
 
 ^^°^ay^ 
 
BE, 
 
 itor, 
 
 r blocks north 
 )Uiea " ; 
 
 a settling 
 
 table, and the 
 tee will find It 
 
 atial Hotel and 
 
 'ORT. 
 
 lectlon will be 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ml 
 
 i. » 
 
 ENT8 
 
 bridge in length 4.219 feet. On tlie western bank of the river we halt at 
 the flourishing city of Clinton, population 11,000. Continuing our jour- 
 ney we pass through Camanche, De Witt, Meolmniosville and Lisbon, to 
 Mount Vernon, the location i.f the Cornell College of the West. Wo are 
 now in Linn CouBty, celebrated for legends and stories m Indian days, 
 and one of the prophecies now written in verse seems rapidly in coarse of 
 
 fulfillment : . . , , „ 
 
 " In ths fnllncus (il time, with whiK* »'">" come ^^ 
 
 An an({i'l rnco from the rliiInK Hiiu i 
 
 » MyriiidlnniimlHT, like lltjht In their thniiRht, 
 
 . Time hIjbU not end till their deHtlny'H wroiidht, 
 
 And grace and proHpurity with them shall reign." 
 
 Perhaps the descendants of the old Indian prophets failed to recognize 
 the "angel race" in the form of the Western Pioneer, but one thing is 
 certain, they have angel descendants, for we saw them now and then at 
 the stations, and here and there in stray buggies with seats " just wide 
 enough for two." 
 
 Cedab Rapitos, 219 miles west of Chicago, is one of the most impor- 
 tant cities in iowa, located at the lieod of the Eapids on Cedar River, a 
 manufacturing town in thr 'leart of a fertile and well-settled country. 
 Blairstown, 244 miles frov. Onicago, is a town of 1,500 people, in Benton 
 county. The surrounding country is well watered and productive, Ta- 
 ma, 270 miles from Chicago, is built on the north bank of tlie Iowa Riv- 
 er, a town of 2,000 inhabitants. We next pass through Boone County, 
 well watered and well wooded, to Glidden, 389 miles west of Chicago, a 
 section known as the " Sportf non's Paradise," obounding with all sorts 
 of game. The next statioi is Carroll, 396 miles from Chicago, in Carrol 
 county, one of the finest counties in Iowa, whose rich, alluvial soil we 
 saw fresh in furrow that pleasant afternoon. The season here is at least 
 three weeks earlier thm in Pennsylvania, and four or five weeks earlier 
 than in New York State. Six miles west of Carroll we reach what is 
 known na the Big Divide, or the water-shed between the Mississippi and 
 the Missouri. Arcadia is the next station, and twelve miles from this 
 point is "Wall Lake," fourteen miles in circumferance, entirely sur- 
 rounded by a wall, which is said to suggest the work of human hands. 
 Dinsmore, 424 miles west of Chicago, is the county seat of Crawford 
 
 150 
 
 ■I. 
 
 1 
 
 r-BTirrrrtiTft'^-" i- f^r*"''~ 
 
County, iu the beautiful valley of the Boyer Eiver. At Woodline we 
 reach the wide valley of the MisBOuri Eiver, and on an elevated bluff 
 8crcB8 the river we soon see the city of Omaha, crowned with its ma^- 
 ficent High School building. It speaks ^ all for our Western civilization 
 when we find the Public School buildings the prider and ornament of 
 their towns and cities. 
 
 OouNCHi Bluffs, 488 miles from Chicago, is situated, as it were, in 
 the gorges of the bluffs, and has not from the railroad the sitely appear- 
 ance of Omaha ; but when visited, it is found to be a finely built and 
 flourishing city. The site of this city was selected by the great gypsy 
 procession of many wived elders, who style themselves the "Latter Day 
 Saints ;" but fortunately for Iowa, they soon moved bag and baggage to 
 the great valley of Salt Lake. Council Bluffs is the great trpusfer 
 station, and the scene in the baggage room at the hour of weighing and 
 checking the baggage is interesting to a person who wishes to study 
 traits of character in his fellow passengers. But the system is admira- 
 bly arranged, and so carefully supervised, that no mistakes are made. We 
 spend here ona hour. Found an excellent breakfast in the dining room 
 connected with the depr ' The population of Council Bluff is above 
 10,000, and the city is r. dj growing. 
 
 OuAHA, not so much a rival as a, twin brother, is four miles distant, or 
 two miles from Council Bluff station. W e cross the Missouri Eiver on 
 a magnificent bridge, half a mile in length, with approaches of a mile, 
 and find ourselves in the pleasant depot of the live town of Nebraska. 
 The city now claims a population of '24,000, and it seems like a dream 
 when we read that the first "claim cabin was built here in 1854," and 
 that twenty-five years ago the first post-master of Omaha used his hat for 
 a post oflflce. The present Post Office and Court Htjuse building cost 
 $550,000. Here are located the general offices of the TJnion Pacific 
 Eailroad Company — u company that employs about 5,000 men. From 
 this point west we will meaaure our distance from Omaha. 
 
 Eleven o'clock A. M., our train is off. We had reached at Omaha an 
 altitude of 966 feet. From this point our motto is Upward and On- 
 ward. Passing these beautiful prairie lands and little villages, some 
 of them hardly ten years old, but vith evidence of thrift and prosperity, 
 weoometo i^i 
 
 J 
 
"V 
 
 xxUine we 
 rated bluff 
 itsmagni- 
 civilizatioQ 
 rnament of 
 
 it were, in 
 ely appear- 
 j built anrl 
 freat gypsy- 
 Latter Day 
 baggage to 
 at tronsfer 
 iighing and 
 13 to study 
 1 IS admira- 
 made. We 
 lining room 
 iff is above 
 
 I distant, or 
 iri Eiver on 
 1 of a mile, 
 ' Nebraska, 
 ke a dream 
 : 1854," and 
 I his hat for 
 uilding cost 
 lion Pacific 
 aen. From 
 
 b Omaha an 
 rd and On- 
 Uages, some 
 [ prosperity, 
 
 J 
 
 -* ff •«' 
 
 BuAHOBN, 28 miles from Omaha, witl^ an elevation of 1,150 feet Fere 
 we get our first view of the Platie Eiver to the South. Crossing the 
 Elkhom, which some years ago was suddenly stockod with a carload of 
 fish, wliich here emptied itself on its way to California, and passing 
 tliroughthe "Valley," whose surrounding country is well filled with 
 wind-mills, a peculiar feature, by the way, of Iowa, to the timber from 
 the East — and through Riverside we come to 
 
 Fbbmont, 46 miles from Omaha, the county seat of Dodge County, 
 with a population exceeding 3,000, fine location at tlie junction of the 
 Elkhom and Platte Valleys, Columbus, 91 miles, altitude 1,432 feet, at 
 jimotion of Loup Fork and Platte ^''alleys. Thus far, in Nebraska, we 
 have found a fine coTmtry — in fact, farms too prolific to be harvested, 
 great fields of oats ungathered from last seaf? ., com fields husked last 
 fall, but the stalks still standing — farmers plowing by machinery which 
 resemble a Buckeye mower. The telegraph wires, which farther East 
 eeem ''ke the wires of an immense harp, arc now reduced to a couple of 
 striL^ the fields are unfenoed, the prairie on every side seems eloquent 
 of the future, rich with the possibilities of the coming century, the little 
 towns have a family resemblance, and we hardly read thei names in the 
 Guide Book — Clark, Lone Tree, Chapman, Grand Islai^d, Alda, Wood 
 River, Shelton, have all glided East. We are 180 miles west of Omalia. 
 The Platte River, three miles to the south, is just seen in the gathering 
 twilight. We reach Kearney Junction, altitude 2,150 feet, and now we 
 see our first Prairie Fire. The whole horizon on the South seemed at 
 first lik<) the encampment of a great army reaching for miles along the 
 horizon. We camo nearer until it seemed like a great burning city; 
 nearer still and it seemed then what it really was, and which no language 
 can describe, a .ushing, wliirling, unrestrained fire, one hundred miles 
 in extent, sugge.tive of the fury of the elements, compared with which 
 the force of man teemed weak and futile. The dar.'^ smoke reflecting the 
 glare gives a luria glow, and it would require no stretch of the imagina- 
 tion to feel that a person were near the edge of Pandemonium. We lay 
 for hours in our berth looking out upon the glowing plain, and fell 
 asleep to see it still pictured in our dreams. We passed during the 
 night, through Plum Greek, a place distinguished for many oonfiiots with 
 
 M 
 
r 
 
 !, ^?lll'.'?**i pM lWj!l'.'.'L'!!l 
 
 the Indians -while the raUroad was being built. Willow Tsland, where 
 the Grand Duke Alexis enjoyed a lively Buffalo hunt. We passed 
 through McPherson and Gannett, and the Valley of the Platte River 
 where, it is said, cattle and horses "can be grown and kept the year 
 round without hay." We passed through North Platte, with its far 
 famed Chimney Rock, which we have to take on trust, as it was 2 A. M., 
 and we were sound asleep. Passing through minor Stations we reached 
 Sidney, about half-past c )ven, where we found a good breakfast. 
 After taking our seat in the train we were all stirred up to a good pitca 
 of enthusiasm by the statement that the engineer had seen a Buffalo that 
 morning, but our enthusiasm was slightly cooled when we learned after- 
 ward that the Buffalo was cooked. We P-e now 414 miles from Omaha 
 and 4 073 feet above the sea. Our Guide Book thus far abounds with 
 more Antelopes, Coyotes and Prairie Dogs, than one is liable to see from 
 the car windows, but we are assured by the old traveler that they axe 
 all there except the Buffaloes. At Hillsdale we obtain our first view of 
 the Black Hills of Wyoming. We are now nearing 
 
 Cheyenne, known as the " Magic City of the Plains," 516 miles from 
 Omaha, elevation 6,041 feet. • This is the largest town en route 
 between Omaha and Salt Lake. Here some of our Eastern friends 
 turn aside to Denver, which we will refer to on our return trip, 
 as we only stop in our Western trip 30 minutes for dinner. Chey- 
 enne is also the best point of departure for the Black Hills. 
 Passing our way westward we rise rapidly the remaining two thou- 
 sand feet of the Rocky Mountains, pass to Sherman, the highest 
 point on the great railroad tliat spans the Continent, 8,242 feet above the 
 sea. We get out a moment to try the rarity of the air, and we are free 
 to say that we would not care to run more than a mile the first. day of 
 our arrival. Crossing the Date Creek Bridge, two miles west of Sher- 
 man, we see, on our left, the great Laramie Plains. Fourteen mUes 
 west of Sherman we reach Red Buttes, having descended almost one 
 thousand feet. The formations on the right have peculiar shape, and 
 have probably been named again and again by the traveler. One looks 
 like a peacock, and two or three like the witches of Macbeth. 
 Labamie, the next station, is one of the largest en route; population 
 
 »53 
 
 -*(' 
 
 -v. «t- 
 
4 i 
 
 •*»■ M 
 
 -y k 
 
 8,000, and known as the " Gem City of the Mountains." Poetry seems 
 to be indigpnons in this -western '5lime, and we see that we are gradually 
 nearing the Golden Gate. Passing through Wyoming and a number of 
 minor stations, well decorated with wind-mills and Indians, we come to 
 Oreston, and reach the " summit of the divide which separates the wa- 
 ters of the oceans." A few miles further and we come to remarkable 
 formations, conspicuous among which are Castle Sock and the Twin Sis- 
 ters. Grean Eiver, 846 miles from Omaha, we remember for its speci- 
 mens of petrified shells, fossil fish and moss agates, and also a well fur- 
 nished table, whioii the traveler always appreciates. Fifty miles from 
 this point we cross a high ridge of the Wiutah Mountams, and pass 
 through long sections of woU-constructed snow sheds. At Aspen we 
 reach the altitude of 7,835 feet, the second highest elevation on the road. 
 EvANSTON, 957 miles from the Missouri, is a town of 1,500 people, an4 
 we have still in mind a picture of the "Mountain Trout Hotel." The 
 section about Evanston abounds with Mormons and game, and at the 
 hotel we find a score of "Chinamen" waiters, who certainly know how to 
 take care of a table. Thirteen miles from Evanston we enter Echo 
 Canon, and standing on the platform of the car we take in the panoroma 
 of grandeur. Down through Castle Rock station, and Hanging Rock, 
 past the Thousand Mile Tree and the Devil's Slide, our train glides on 
 rapid grade through Weber Valley and along the Weber River, to Ogden. 
 I stood two hours with pencil in hand, brt did not attempt to make a 
 note or observation. On my return trip, by the way, I succeeded in 
 noting some points that may, perhaps, be of interest to the reader, a,nd 
 still in the midst of scenery like this, we remember the old Spanish 
 proverb : " Speech is silver, silence is golden." We stopped at Ogden 
 one hour, long enough to know that it has a fine eating-house, and also 
 to learn that it was more of a Mormon town than Salt Lake City, as here 
 five-sixths of the people are. "Latter day Saints," while in Salt Lake 
 hardly one-half enjoy this proud distinction. The trip from Ogden to 
 Bait Lake was very enjoyable, although the car waa not luxurious, the 
 beautiful evening, the clear atmosphere, which converted ones eyes into 
 telescopes and made mountams twenty mUes distant almost near enough 
 to touch, the Great Salt Lake bathed in the glory of sunset, If ft little 
 
 »S4 
 
room for other thoughts, and -we lived out of doors all the way for 40 
 miles, forgetting that in the very next seat in front of us sat one of the 
 elders of Zion, harrassed perhaps with a difficult question, "what roof 
 ■was to shelter his defenceless head that nifht, a subject on which our 
 own mind was comparatively clear, as there are only two really first- 
 class hotels in Salt Lake, and they are both proprietored by the same 
 man. Our choice, therefore, was Hobson's, and perhaps the Mormon's 
 wasn't. 
 
 Salt Lake City has a beautiful location, altitude about 4,000 feet, and 
 completely surrounded by mountains which, in our mind, liave the most 
 beautiful outlines of either the Rocky, Wahsatch or Sierra Navada 
 Banges. When we saw them they were entirely capped with snow, and 
 we understand that snow is seen on one of the peaks the entire summer 
 throug*!. The streets are wide, in fact almost too wide for so small a 
 town. The population, if we remember correctly, is about 20,000. It 
 seems to be flourishing, but has none of the sense of thrift which belongs 
 to an Eastern city. Individuals seem to lack enterprise. In fact the 
 town is troubled with too much corporation. Its religion seems to have 
 become a matter of business, and the principKl points of the sermons 
 consist of injunctions to pay the tithes. We saw the great organ, and 
 heard its sweet music. We saw tlie New Temple, and Endowment 
 House. We had a Mormon Guide, who was a Scotchman, and had vari- 
 ous views of his own, and talked quite freely of the abuses of the Church. 
 He said the Elders could say what they wished, the "much married wo- 
 men fought like cats." We saw Brigham Young's grave already con- 
 verted into a lot for empty oyster cans, old bottles and other refuse ware. 
 The lot contained a few other mounds, members of hiafatnily, but not 
 a single head stone. We saw two well-dressed Mormon women, one, 
 the last and favorite wife of the great Leader, and another individual, 
 who created the last "sensation. " The prevailing dress of the " Female 
 Samts" seemed to be a dingy black, without a frUl or ruflOie. The great 
 Co-operative Store seems always busy, but other establishments are be- 
 ginning to flourish, and the power of the Gentiles is being felt. But 
 bad as the picture is here in this fair city of Zion, it must be remem- 
 bered that the life of the 200,000 Mormons of rural Utah, is still more 
 
 »S5 
 
 ^ 
 
 "vT^ 
 
^ 
 
 <^. 
 
 deplorable. It i nst be remembered that this in their JeruBnlem— bnt 
 go out through the borders and see the misery of those who arft crowded 
 in " one-room dwellings. " Surely civilized life has no such parody and 
 stain as seen in this distant territory. The drives about the city are very 
 pleasant— particularly to Camp Douglas and the Sulphur Springs. The 
 Walker House is a pleasant hotel, well kept, complete in all its appoint- 
 ments, in fuct tht best betv/een Denver and San Francisco, and Salt 
 Lake is without d«\M the best place to rest, on the entire route. Re- 
 turning to Ogden we pursue our Western journey. 
 
 TheCentbalPacifio Rah-bqad. Taking the "Silver Palace Cars" 
 of the Central Pacific we are soon off for the great American Desert, and 
 soon pass Promontory Point, where the last tie was laid, and the last 
 spike driven. May 10, 1 8G9. How much has been accomplished in ten 
 years ? It hardly seems possible that this well-equipped road, in fact 
 the smoothest and best ordered on the continent, has been completed 
 only one decade. How much our country owes to the sagacity of the 
 men who projected this great enterprise from San Francisco to Ogden, 
 and from Ogden to Omaha. It sometimes seems to us that the most 
 dramatic thing in history is the account of the great railroad wed(ling, 
 and the driving of that last spike, and we call up tlie sentiment of Victor 
 Hugo or Carlyle, written long before it was accomplished— viz : That a 
 grander event than another Waterloo, would be a "hand of granite" 
 from New York pointing West with the word "San Francisco," and 
 another in San Francisco pointing East " New York "—and ve will add 
 by way of parenthesis, that the Pennsylvania Eaiboad, not only has the 
 best route, but the best rock, in which to cut the " granite hand." On 
 through desolate sand wastes and serrated mountains, which form pic- 
 tures never to be forgotten— through Elko, where the traveler will find a 
 good breakfast. The Wahsatch and Humboldt Ranges keep us stead- 
 fast company, and we feel thankful to the person who called the Hum- 
 boldt the "Ruby. Mountains." It seems to plant a little poetry and 
 sentiment in this desert of sage and alkali. It is indeed a vast and deso- 
 late land, a plain that looks like some dried up se^-and now, as we read 
 the lines of Joaquin Miller's " Ship of the Desert," we realize the truth 
 
 of his vivid description — 
 
 I SO 
 

 « 
 
 • > ' The noleran Bllenoo of that plain 
 
 Where unmanned tempests ride and rei|;^, 
 Itawes and it possessesyoa, 
 'Tig, Oh, 8u eloquent. The bine 
 And bended skiea seem built for it, 
 ■. . AVith rounded roof all fashioied fit, 
 
 And frescoed clouds, quaint wronght and true. 
 
 Some silent red men cross yonr track, 
 • Some snn-tanned trappers come and go, - .' 
 
 V. Some rolling seas of Daffalo 
 
 Break, thunder-like, and far awny 
 ;.• Against the foot-hills beating back, 
 
 Like breakers of some troubled bay , 
 
 But not a voice the long, lone oay. 
 
 ... A wide domain of mysteries. 
 
 And signs that men misunderstand ; 
 A laud of space and dreams -, a land 
 Of sea, salt lakes, and dried up seas. 
 
 WiNNBMucoA. We ore now within 463 miles of San Francisco, named 
 after the chief of the Piutes. We met at this place a talkative Indian, a 
 rare sample. He had traveled west, he said, to a "heap water," where 
 there were great boats that went with wheels, and east as far as Salt 
 Lake City. His description of the Saints was unique and brief. He 
 said : " Heap women, heap children." The noble red man is not an im- 
 pressive object at short .ange. He looks bettor in pictures and novels 
 than in his every day clothes. The wigwam is more poetic in Coo^/er than 
 at Winnemucca. We saw one in a " Beaver Hat, " of an antique pattern, 
 and he seemed to consider it the principal port of his accoutrement. 
 Some supplies, we remember, were handed oflf a few stations back, and 
 we saw the "Big Indian " load up his "spouse," first an army blanket 
 on her shoulders, then a horse saddle, then a bag on this, well filled 
 with something, and on top of this a Pappoose, hanging on for dear life, 
 and the noble red man smoked peacefully and the procession moved on. 
 We had some of them for traveling companions most of the way. They 
 are allowed to ride free on the platforms of the cars, and they seem to 
 consider the railroad a very good institution. It is something to see the 
 primeval Indian on his native heaths. The babies tied up like mummies, 
 are visible at the rate of ten cents, and the mothers drive sharp bargains 
 with travelers for a glimpse of the "Pappoose." Passing through Bose 
 Creek, Raspberry and Mill City, we come to 
 
 HvHBOiJJT, the " oasis of the desert." Here we see the first tree since 
 
 »57 
 
 V 
 
leaving Ogden. In front of the hotel a beautiful fountain ia playing, and 
 gold fish enjoying the spray in the basin below. Surely the proprietors 
 of Humboldt House receive the hearty and -warm thanks of every trav- 
 eler on the Plains — and by the way, the table is worthy of the surround- 
 ings. Here we find a garden, and quite a thrifty orchard, but it costs 
 much time, trouble and money, to make a wilderness like this bud and 
 blossom with fruit and flowers. In front of this hotel, if we remember 
 correctly, is a high mountain, known as Sttirk Peak, about 10,000 feet 
 high. The altitude of Humboldt is 4,236 feet above the sea. Passing 
 through Rye Patch ; nd Oreana, wo pass westward between the Antelope 
 Bange and the Humboldt to Lovelocks. The Humboldt Eiver at this 
 point seems to be wandering about like a lost child. Passing through 
 Granite Point, Brown's and Wliite Plains we come to Mirage, where vis- 
 ions of lakes and mountains are sometimes seen, like those recorded in 
 the "Ship of the Desert," from which we have just quoted. Passing 
 through Wadsworth, a live station of 400 inhabitants, and crossing the 
 Truckee Eiver, we come to 
 
 Beno, 293 miles from San Erancisco. We are now rising the eastern 
 slope of the Sierra Nevada. Passing through Verdi and Truckee, of 
 which we will speak on oiu* return trip, we soon reach the summit, 
 emerging from the snow, sheds tlie view is grand in the extreme, for 
 while there are mountains in other parts of the world, we never realized 
 what the word "slope " meant, until we saw the great canons of the 
 Western Sierras, and their walls of living green. At Cape Horn we 
 stopped a moment to take in the extended view, imd picked up a pebble 
 as '• souvenir. " This point is said to be 2,000 feet above the river. The 
 streams used in placer mining will interest the Eastern traveler, his 
 first "presentment" of the land of gold. Passing through Colfax, where 
 we breakfasted, Grass Valley, Nevada, we come to Auburn, and now the 
 eye is busy on every side, for we ai-e in a new country — a land of sum- 
 mer, and only one thousand feet above the Pacific. Passing through 
 Sacramento, with its fine Capitol Building and pleasant streets; and 
 Stockton, which reminds us more of aa Eastern town than any other 
 west of Omaha, we come to 
 Lathbop, which we remember especially, for its good dinner, and 
 
 1S8 
 
large bear in a cage, near the platform. The valley of the Sacramento is 
 literally carpeted -with flowers, or at least it was the first of April last, 
 and it seemed as if we were fairly precipitated from desert sands into a 
 land of beauty. Passing through Oakland, embowered iu trees, and on 
 over the long dock, wo take ferry of seven miles across the beantiftil Bay, 
 and remark quietly to ourselves. Across the Continent. The sun was 
 saying so too, for the many thousandth time, as it lit up the Gtoldeu Gate 
 •with beauty borrowed from the sky, 
 
 "Well, how do you like Sad Francisco?" is the first question that 
 greets the visitor, and the first question for us to answer. Perhaps we 
 have answered it already more than a hundred times, and unless there 
 happened to be a fog or a gusty afternoon, we have met the enthusiastic 
 question with responsive enthusiasm. It is, in fact, gratifying to the av- 
 erage American to know that the people of San Francisco rival Boston 
 in their love for their own city, and in this way, with Chicago for a cen- 
 tre, manage to keep the " teter-board " of the continent moderately level. 
 The city has been accustomed to flattery, and it deserves it. To have 
 accomplished so much in thirty years — to have gathered together 300,000 
 people from every quarter of the globe, to have organized order out of 
 chaos — to build and support the " Palace Hotel " of the world — to con- 
 vert a sand lot into business streets, oad plant mansions on the summits 
 of almost inoccessiblo sand-hills — to have accomplished this and much 
 more beside in these few years, are facts hard to realize, as we stand here 
 to-day and find the work completed, or rather, still going on. Yes, we 
 like San Francisco, and perhaps it is not much worse than other cities of 
 the same size in other States, east of the Mississippi, but there are some 
 things which it might be well to dispense with. And the people who cry 
 out to let the Chinaman go, would do well to close np one alley which 
 leads past barred windows and open doors of which Dante never dreamed 
 and Talmage never preached. 
 
 But we havo no time to elaborate ; we visited the schools, pronounced 
 as good as the eastern public school system ; we visited the commercial 
 houses ; we saw a steamer off for Japan ; we visited the new Court House 
 — a " white elephant" when painted, about half as large as the new Cap- 
 itol, in Albany ; we succeeded after long and patient inquiry, in discov- 
 
 1S9 
 
 4 
 
 >'. 
 
 s.^ 
 
 ^f 
 
4 
 
 ering three of the most prominent cUurohes, but noticed that the people 
 were so absent mindeil tlnit they hired their ])cv. s in the California Thea- 
 tre ; -we picked a sprig of ivy from the grave of Thomas Starr King, un- 
 der the shadow of the charch which h' organized, and here and there we 
 found persons who spoke kindly of hiu., and remembered his soul-stirring 
 eloquence, but the memory of men soon passes away in this kaleidoscopic 
 condition of society. People here soem to feel intensely the supreme 
 power of the present tense, caring little for the past, and like Macbeth, 
 "jumping the life to come." Here monfey is king, and it is perhaps nat- 
 ural that it should be in a land of gold and silver. And it is not at all 
 unusual to find men, and women too, discussing the value of stocks and 
 counting up their profits and losses on fingers well loaded with diamonds. 
 In a state of sudden changes it is quite possible that society should be a 
 little mixed, and perhops jewelry is worn slightly iu excess, but persons 
 need some clothmg, even in a warm climate, and every little helps, even 
 at a fashionable dinner, or an evening party. 
 
 After lingering about two weeks in Sun Francisco, we resumed our 
 travels, by taking steamer to Santa Barbara, a voyage of 3^0 miles down 
 the coast. We averaged ten knots an hour, and arrived at 5 o'clock on the 
 afternoon of the Istof May. We were met at the landing by friends from 
 the Hudson, and still remember with great pleasure that two days' visit 
 —the quiet boarding-house, half covered with roses, or, to verge on the 
 poetical, rose embowered in reality, as well as iu memory, owned by Mr. 
 and Mrs. Dugdale, formerly of Baltimore, a quiet, home-like place, which 
 I here particularly mention us a pleasant house, or semi-hotel, for the 
 visitor to tarry in, either in pursuit of rest, healtli or pleasure. 
 
 Santa Barbara is well styled the Palestine of America— a combination 
 of mountam, sea und valley, with here and there vineyard hills and 
 groves of orange trees, olive and pomegranat*. The Bev. Mi.. Hough, 
 formerly from Jackson, Mich., and a Yale graduate, drove us all day 
 through this charming country, and we wish we had time and space for 
 a special chapter on "Santa Barbara." 
 
 From this place we took private conveyance to Ojai (pronounced the 
 0-hi), one of the most healthful valleys in the State— and here we 
 met by chanpe, a number of Dutchess County people in pursuit of health. 
 
 i6o 
 
 .i>- 
 
h 
 
 The yallej is held iu n half-circle .of the To-Fa Mountains, and com- 
 pletely sheltered from the sea breezei. Mr. MoKie's cottages and hotel 
 have a delightful location, situated iu a beautiful grove of live oaks miles 
 in extent. The valley seems Arcadian in its character, and here ve 
 foiiud tt real Sab' atli, and as California elsewhere seemed to be without 
 a Sunday, hero the days seemed iu their quiet chorooter, a succession of 
 Sundays witliout a week-day. 
 
 From this point we continued our journey to Newhall, passing a fam- 
 ous GastiliauBanche, where we had our first full taste of the beauty of an 
 orange grovj. Moreover, the fruit was picked fresh from the tree by the 
 hands of a sweet Gastilian girl, and we thought that tlie day might not 
 be far distant when she might pick orange blossoms from the same tree, 
 and listen to the old, old story, which six thousand years have not been 
 able to wear thread-bare. At Newhall we found a new hotel, kept by a 
 Mr. Field, of Wallingford, Conn., a pleasant village near New Haven', 
 familiar in College days, and hero we will say that California, although 
 separated from the east by great mountains and deserts, more than any 
 other State, belongs to the Union; for here more than elsewhere we find 
 persons from evei-y town and city from Maine to Florida, all drawn by 
 golden dreams to this fair £1 Dorado. 
 
 From Newhall we took oars to Los Angeles, the quaint city of the 
 State, with old Spanish houses still standing. We lingered here a day, 
 and visited the large Orange Groves ; had our carriage half filled with 
 oranges, for they lay upon the ground like apples in our apple orchards 
 at home. We ore now almost five hundred miles south of San Francisco, 
 or a greater distance than from New York to Richmond. 
 
 The best hotel at Los Angeles, is the Pico House, (Francisco Pico, Pro- 
 prietor ; John Whitney, Manager). At the solicitation of porters on the 
 train we were driven to the other, (the name escapes us), but after we 
 had looked it over, we summoned another hack, and finally reached the 
 Pioo. It is located in the centre of the city, and presents to the visitor 
 who enters, a certain Oriental, or tropical vision, with its fountain, court 
 filled with orange trees, grapes, roses, limes and bananas. From Los 
 Angeles we started at 1:30 P. M., for the Big Trees and the ,Yo Semite. 
 Soon after leaving the station we pass through a long tunnel, ibout 6,000 
 
 i6i 
 
 i.. 
 
 f. 
 
 i 
 
 ">»*_ 
 
1 
 
 feet in length, and soon found oiirselvcB ou the plain of thcMojavio Dch- 
 ert, (pronounced Mohavie), and this wan doHolation made dcHolate. The 
 Great American Desert was nothing to this climax of sandineBH. The 
 •wind howled acroBS this plain to Buch an extent that a gentlonmn from 
 Maine in tlio next seat remarked, that a Bangor winter bhiHt was gentle 
 music in comparison, and that same man, in less than half an hour, at 
 the supper station, in attempting to hang ou to his wife and hat at the 
 same time, misBed his hold of the latter, and conHunied his "twenty 
 minutes for refreshments" in the exhiliarating recreation of dodging that 
 hat around a thousand acre lot of sage bushes. But he finally secured 
 it. (The moral is : Don't jest with the breezes of the Mojavie). 
 
 The New Stage Route for the Yd Semite.— In the morning, 4:30, 
 we arrived at Madera, found a good breakfast at a new hotel near the 
 station, and at 6 A. M. took our places in the finest coach we have ever 
 seen, either in the Old or the New World. They are styled the " Kim- 
 ball Coach," and it bears the same relation to the other Yo Semite 
 coaches, that an elegant Pullman car bears to an emigrant caboose. They 
 are elegant in every particular, and the route to the Yo Semite is now 
 rendered a delightful experience. The new rood, completed June 1, 
 79, is the route, and the shortest stage line for the valley. The traveler, 
 who has only a limited time, can drive through tlie "Mariposa Big 
 Trees," via this route, and thereby save one day, although the Big Trees 
 are certainly worth a day by themselves. We arrived at 
 
 Bio Tube Station, where we found a new hotel, which has a delight- 
 ful location on a branch of the Merced Eiver. We lingered here three 
 days, one day on ourTvay to the valley, and two days on retuin trip, and 
 we would have been delighted to have spent three Aveeka. This is the 
 very heart of the Sierras, only twenty-two miles from the Yo Semite, and 
 the air seemed to possess more health and vigor than any point of the 
 western coast. 7 A. M. we were oflf for the Big Trees, and a picturesque 
 prxty of thirteen took the trail for a visit to the monarchs of the forest. 
 After a pleasant ride of an hour or so -we reached the four trees that 
 guard the threshold, named. New York, New Hampshire, Massachusetts 
 and Vermont, But -we havn't time to indicate by name, in fact it would 
 take a volume by itself to describe the 640 trees -which make up the most 
 
 162 
 
 , ""^liisd^ 
 
 * ifrirB?iJPTr^y*ja^^^i*t^»^'*''^ ' 
 

 wonderful "orobunl" of tlio world. Eivoh tree would bo worthy of u 
 page, ami we would hiivo n volume of (J 10 pages — niid wo are limited to 
 twcuty Hues. We rode through trecH lyiu;^ proBtrate, and t)ut through a 
 knot hole. We walked over trees where a i)er8ou could drive a coach with 
 six horses. Wo stood, all twelve of u«, on horscbaek in the hollow of a 
 U-eo still standing. We rode into one tree, known as " Bruoe's Tele- 
 scope," and looked up 120 feet at the sky and floating clouds. (The tree 
 was named after a gentleman who accomimnied us, brother of one of the 
 hotel proprietors of the Big Tree Station, and the incident, T believe, 
 was this : Two or three years ago Prof. Bark.-r and a jinrty of soientiflo 
 persons were visiting the trees, and told this ^Ir. Bnico where they noted 
 the last eclipse, and he told them that ho would show them his place of 
 observation for matters i>f that kind, and took them to this tree, and it 
 has been known as Bruce's Telescope from that day). We saw the Lody 
 of the Forest dressed in satin bark ; wo saw the old Grizzly, one hun- 
 dred feet at the base, wiioso branch one hundred feet from the ground 
 is larger than any tree wo have seen on the Atlantic coast. Wo saw the 
 Poets, standing together like "Boston Greatness" in a group. We 
 took dinner near the great tree known as Andy Johnson, (as it fell the 
 week of his death), and wo still remember the clear spring and the rustic 
 table; we visited "Inspiration Point," No. 1, with its grand view of 
 mountain and canon, and returned that night with pictures stamped in 
 memory never to be eflfaced. That one day alone is well worth the trip 
 across the Continent. There are one or two other groves in the vicinity 
 of the Yo Semite, but we understand from those who have visited both, 
 that the Mariposa Grove is the grandest in extent, and the one to be seen 
 by the tourist. 
 
 Thk Yo Semite. — One morning about 7 o'clock, we left the Big Tree 
 Station for the Yo Semite. It was rather early in the season, about the 
 11th of June, if we remember, and we encountered quite a snow storm 
 en route. But the combination of snow, forest, rocks, and at last, sun- 
 shine, made a very complete picture. About noon we came in sight of 
 El Capit<in Mountain, and halted at Inspiration Point. The view here 
 is grand, glorious and impressive. Now wo begin the descent, and in an 
 hour of skillful and rapid driving, puss from an altitude of 7,000 feet to 
 
 163 
 
 '•, ; 
 
 
r^ai 
 
 >. 
 
 't.\ 
 
 I 
 
 the lovol (if tlui volley, which Ib 4,000 feet nbovo the nen. On our loft i« 
 the Hhecr wull of El Civpiton, on the riRl'.t the Cathetlral Spires. Farther 
 on t(j the li'ft, wo see tlui Three Brotliois and tlio " Y()8€>mito Fall," and 
 again on the left, the " Bridal V..m1" and Sentinel llock. Under the 
 shadow of Sentinel Rock wo stopped at Black's hotel, which, taken all in 
 all, wo consider the pleasantest place for the Yo Semite visitor. It has 
 the grandest and most pictures<iUO location of any in the Valley. The 
 '* Yo Semite " is directly in front, falling 2,600 feet, (or holf n mile per- 
 pendicular). The Sentinel Rock, rising 3,200 feet in the rear, like on 
 immense stalagmite of a mammoth cavern, and on all sides of the great 
 amphitheatre which opens out in front of the hotel, gi'cat walla of rock 
 rise halfway to the sky. Wo located here, sat up until midnight to see 
 the moon rise, and got up at sun-riso to see '' Mirror Lake," and we are 
 not sure which hour is the lovliest, Yo Semite by moonlight, or in the 
 gray light of morning. On our right we see Union Point and Glazier 
 Toint, and on the left wo pass close to the Royal Arches and Washing- 
 ton's column. Before ns now we see the fereat South Dome, 5,100 feet 
 above the vuUcy, which looks as if it had been cleft into by the atroke of 
 "Thor's Hammer." Farther on up the Valley we see Cloud'* Rest, 
 6,000 feet, and Watkins, and on our left the "North Dome," almost 
 5,000 feet above ns. Wo stop at Mirror Lake just a minute before sun- 
 rise. The reflection in the Lake is very perfect, and there is no drive in 
 the Yo Semite more charming than this ; and one tiling we are sure of, 
 whoever jjatronizcH the lino run by Mr. Marcus Hedges, will get a goodly 
 quantity of Yo Semite information, provided he feels as talkative as he 
 ilid that special morning. 
 
 Glazieb Point. — We started ono morning at 7 A. M. , for Glazier Point, 
 a well kept trail, and perfectly safe. We had for guide, a man well in- 
 formed on many subjects, Mr. L. G. Wharton, who, by the way, is Jus- 
 tice of the Peace in the Valley, and therefore a safe man to have along. 
 Whether he is " up on the law" or not we cannot say, but ho is certainly 
 well up on the mountains, as he knows every trail within sixty miles. 
 Ho gave us enough material on that trip to write a quarto on the Yo 
 Semite, and we have the notes tied up somewhere, so there is no danger 
 of their getting loose. The view from Glazier's Point reverses the Val- 
 
 164 
 
 , .7 
 
 ^^^. 
 
 i«**i!'.S'>3rtrt^'fe«Sf85»^f*Wa^^^!S^^^P!^2SiS'HrvJ^^ 
 
'''"*.fSS^S^?*5!S!iS?'*^?i!E!'«?f jwf SSaisSBaa^^ 
 
 ley view. Erom the valley tho visitor has to look straight up. From 
 the Point he has to look otraight down. The Morced winds through the 
 valley as crooked as the Corneoticut through the meadows of Hadley. 
 It seemed very prosaic to eat dinner in the midst ol so much beauty, but 
 •wj were hungry, and it is said that even artists eat once a week in this 
 section. But the view from this open air dining-room helped out the 
 bill of fare amazingly. The Vernal and Nevada Falls on one side, and 
 the Yo Semite on the other, and all around us mountains from 10,000 to 
 13,000 feet above the sea. We met on our trip persons who had just vis- 
 ited the Alps, Englishmen, too, who said that there was no comparison, 
 that the Yo Semite stood alone in gi-andure and sublimity. But there is 
 only one more page left for us to get home in, and we return at once to 
 San Francisco. We would like to speak of Bflmont, where we passed a 
 pleasant Sabbath. Of beautiful Santa C/lara, where it seemed like home, 
 in the company of one whose name is well imcwn to many in the Hud- 
 son Valley, the Bev. Quincy Collins, who has genuine love for the Pa- 
 cific slope. I would like to speak of Lake Tahoe, where we passed a 
 quiet and happy day, (a lake (3,000 feet above the sea), some 20 or 25 
 mtles in diameter, but we have no further space, if we keep our prom- 
 ise, in reference to Denver, where we stopped on our retvim trip. Wc 
 run down from Cheyenne, and Iiad a pleasant time in this flourishing 
 city. We found a pleasant place to rest at the *' Alvord House," which 
 is, without doubt, the best of the three claimants for patronage. The 
 gr«a.t travel for Leadville has given ne iv impetus to the city, and the streets 
 showed great thrift and prosperity. Denver has long been noted as a 
 health resort, and for those who need dry mountain air, there is no bet- 
 ter placo for the invalid. We returned to New York via St. Louis and 
 the Pan Handle route to Pittsburg, and if the reader is in doubt, after 
 reading these hastily written pages, whether we had a good time or not, 
 on this western trip, we will assure him right here, that w« had. 
 
 Jllustf^ted J^oem, 
 
 "THE YO SEMITE," 
 
 By WALLACE BRUCE, 
 
 WILL BE PUBLISHED NEXT OCTOBER. 
 
 I6S 
 
 I 
 
ip. From 
 trough the 
 )f Hadley. 
 •eauty, but 
 eek in this 
 ed out the 
 i Bide, and 
 a 10,000 to 
 ad just vis- 
 imparison, 
 ut there is 
 I at once to 
 re passed a 
 like home, 
 1 the Hud- 
 :or the Pa- 
 B passed a 
 ae 20 or 25 
 I our prom- 
 trip. Wc 
 flourishing 
 ise," which 
 aage. The 
 I the streets 
 noted as a 
 B is no bet- 
 , Louis and 
 loubt, after 
 ;ime or not, 
 ad. 
 
 '.' 
 
 THE GREAT FALL EIYER LINE 
 
 BETWREN 
 
 ]Sfew Yofk ki^d So^ton, 
 
 T»-I-^ 
 
 Quickest and Most Birect Route to 
 
 TAUNTOX, NKW I5EDF0RD, CAPE COD, MARTHA'S VINEYARD, 
 NANTUCKST, LOWELL, LAWRENCE, NASHUA, MANCHES- 
 TER, CONCORD, PORTLAND, BANGOR, MOUNT 
 DESERT, WHITE MOUNTAINS, Etc., Etc 
 
 MAMMOTH PALACE STEAMERS, 
 
 "BRISTOL" i "PROVIDFJCE" 
 
 Jjarffestf Ftneat and most Costly Steamers of their Class in the World. 
 
 Splendid Bands of Music 
 
 A.ooompan.y eaoh. Steamer rluring the season of ^pleasure 
 
 travel. 
 
 Steamers leave NEW YORK from Pier 28, Norih River, foot of Murray Street. TraioB 
 connecting witli Steamers at Fall River— 49 miles— leave BOSTON from Old Colony E. B. 
 Depot, cor. South and Kueoland Sts. 
 
 BROOKLYN and JERSEY CITY PASaENGERS Iranaferrcd free, via Annex boat, 
 to and from Pier of this Line. 
 
 J. R. KENDRICK, 
 
 Sup't. 
 
 GEO. L. CONNOR, 
 
 G. P. A. 
 
 i ^^^^efa^MiUfiMauMi 
 
 — ll H Jitmilill^ ^V 'iii M '"*'' nr iij W i n i.i H i i i ll \m - t w 
 
 *tmKfK t»M. * tinm A m mi' i Kt i mmiamm MI Hm' ' M!* ' 
 
 .^i^ss&asS^^i.m.M^fS^iaSmJt^f^''*'^- 
 
 .* ■ , . ■■«.■...*• . %^ 
 
m 
 
 ^g^ tf^l&ga BBBpae fe^ t w nw g My - m^^^wstif'-^fiiivieiVi-^n*^'' - ^ 
 
 ■ '■' •-^T*Ty *f*^r — '•'■•' - 
 
 I; 
 
 H 
 
 t" 
 
 Pennsylvania Railroad Co. 
 
 PEINOIPAL TIOZET OFFICES. 
 
 BOSTOF— 203 and 205 Washington utreet. 
 
 NEW YORK.— 526 Broadway; lAstor House, 944 Broadway; 8 Bat- 
 tery Place; Depot, foot of DoRbrosses Street; Depot, foot of Courtlandt Street; 
 Depot, Jersey City; Buscb's Hotel, Iloboken. 
 
 BEOOKLYN.— 4 Conrt Street; Brooklyn Annex Dapot, foot of Ful- 
 ton Street. 
 
 PHII'ADELPHIA— 838 Chestnut Street; S. E. cor. Broad and Chest- 
 nut Jtreets; 116 Market Street; Depot, a2d and JIarket Streets; Depot, foot 
 of Market Street; 4 Chelten A.'enue, German town, 
 
 BALTIUOBE.— N. E. Comer Baltimore and Calvert Streets; Union 
 Depot, Charles Street; Culvert Sfc-.tion, Northern Central liailway. 
 
 WASHJNGTON.-N. E. Cor. 13th Street and Pennsylvania Ave. ; 
 N. E. Cor. 6th Street and Pennsylvania Ave. ; Depot Baltimore and Potomac 
 Builroad, cor. 6th and B Streets. 
 
 RICHMOND.— 826 Main Street; Exchange Hotel; Depot R. F. & F. 
 B. B., cor. Eighth ami Byrd Streets. 
 
 EARRISBTTRG.^ 12 North 3rd Street; Depot. 
 PITTSBURG.— 78 Fifth Avenue; Union Depot 
 
 DISTRICT PASSENGER AGENTS. 
 
 CYRUS S. HALDEMAN, Nev England Agent, 
 
 203 and 205 Washington Street, Boston, Mass. 
 SAM'L. CARPENTER, Oen. Eaticm Passenger Agent, 
 
 ■ C26 Broadway, New York. 
 J. N. ABBEY, Passenger Agent, Philadelphia District, 
 
 101 South Broad Street, Philadelphia. 
 
 ED. S. YOUNG, Ass't Oen. Ticket Agent, 
 
 South-Eastem Dist, Baltimore, J[d. 
 
 J. K. SHOEMAKER, Passenger Jgt., Middle District, 
 
 12 North Third St., Harrisbnrg, Pa. 
 
 THOS. E. WATT, Passenger Agt, Western District, 
 
 78 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburg, Pa. 
 
 t 
 
 I 
 
~4^ 
 
 [' 
 
 J" 
 
 Pennsylvania Railroad 
 
 GREAT TRUNK LINE 
 
 AXD 
 
 United States Mail Route 
 
 is universally acknowledged to be 
 
 THE MODEL RAILEOAD OF AMERICA, 
 
 Bepreaenting in its constntotion and equipment, the courtesy and discipline of 
 
 its employees, and ita entire uianagement, thr- most advanced standard 
 
 and the best adapted to make railway travel 
 
 SAFE, SWIFT, LUXURIOUS, 
 
 And in every way satisfactory. 
 
 FROM ) New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, 
 TO ) Chicago, Cincinnati, Louisville, Indianapolis tf; St. Louis, 
 WITHOUT CHANGE. 
 
 PULLMAN HOTEL CAKS 
 
 Are also now running between 
 
 NEW YORK and CHICAGO, ^ 
 
 NEV/ YORK and. ST. LOUIS. 
 
 Passengers by this popular route will find its management characterized by 
 that close attention to all minor details which make or luar the tiujoymeut of a 
 trip by rail. 
 
 Ask for Tickets 
 ria PEJVJ^SYLrAXIA UAlLROAD. 
 
 FRANK THOMSON. L. P. PARMER, 
 
 General Manager. Oen' I Passenger Agt, 
 
 A 
 
 .. ■iii'tf ii ii iiia a iM Wij iii ni. 
 
 U * i l l j M^ l ^^^•^^lV^ •■'-"''-■''-'■■'■ i'--r'r i lh i m i j"j i #'''^ . iri.f-i,..i^m^ii... 
 
g^f'gt'ft^B>Mt<agopp^ap'i»gtf»W8»iJi3a^St^.^?ji^^ 
 
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 k 
 
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 ^ < 
 
 %. 
 
1 3 -a 
 
 trJ 
 
 J, B^t. 
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 I ill 
 
 nil 
 
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 r 
 
 ■ 5=56 
 
 i pegi. 
 
 i1 
 
 11 
 
 ^ 1 e? 
 
 ^ t 
 
 ^ 4 
 
 COSMOPOLITAN HOTEL, 
 
 K1TROPEAN PliAN, 
 
 Cor. Chambers Street & ^A/'est Broadway, N. Y. 
 
 riBST-OLABB AOOOMMODATIONS FOE 400 QUESTS. 
 
 THIS HOTEL HAS BEEN EECEXTLT FITTED TIP FOR THE COMFORT, SAFE- 
 
 TT AND CONVENIENCE OF ITS GUESTS. 
 
 It 18 centrally locate.!, tho principnl City Rnilways pass the door U Aj™ J?'""**!,' ^^{5* 
 the New Jersey Ceiitrnl, I'eiinsylvaiiiii, Delaware, Lackawam a aud Western, trteKall- 
 llSids 111 HiuUonKivi'r Steamboats ; W thin fifteen minutes' ride of Grand Central Depot 
 and Central Paik bv Elevated Railroad. An Otis Brothers' Elevator carnes g-iests to ev- 
 e?v flc^r rerderiuK a^l ro^ms easy of access. Tho house contains a Barber's Shop with range 
 oFBaSTs rilailrold Ticket Ottico where Tickets may be obtained at the same prices as at 
 ?LdePs!aMl"aTd Cm, and a News Office for the sole of Daily and AVeetly Papers. 
 
 Perio«ifcais, Etc. Rooms, $I.OO per Day, and upwards. 
 
 Hoomc, Atr two, 9" SO per doy and upwards, uccordlng to l,ocatlon of Booms. 
 
 N. & S. J. HUCGIN8, Proprietors. 
 
 First-aUMB RESTAUBANT, at Popular PHces. 
 
 f i ri« i i»<« i l »i jn i Ki ii ia is 'i » i iM 
 
 >WB> r ni l i nihiM i winlW l H l « »i » l * ' "'"W ■ "'*»* '*" * "^-" *** ' ' 
 
BOSTON. v 
 
 " The rocky nook with hill tops three, 
 Looked eastward from tho iHrinst 
 And twice eiicli day the flowing sea 
 Took UoBtou ill its iinus." 
 
 One of tbe pleasantest routes returning from the White Mountains, is 
 via the Boston, Coucorcl and Montreal R. R., to Boston. There is no 
 city on the continent of greater interest or liner associations to the gen- 
 uine American; and it is generally remarked that a foreigner takes nat- 
 urally to new "Athena." The centraland business parts of the city axe 
 
 AMEBXOAN HOUSE, BOSTON, MAS8., 
 Lewis RiOE ft Son, ProprietorB. 
 suggestire of many of the oldest cities of Europe. The Boston Common— 
 Bunker Hill, Charlestown— the old tree at Cambridge, where Washington 
 took command of the American army, and his Headquarters, (now the 
 home of Longfellow,) the grounds of Harvard, the fine Public Buildings, 
 present sufficient attraction for a week's visit. The Old South Church, 
 the State House, and Faneuil Hall, are in the very heart of the city, and 
 near at hand the American House, built on the site of the home of 
 General Joseph Warren, the hero of '76. This house is one of the best 
 managed and most attractive of NeAV England first-class hotels, and the 
 proprietors have won an enviable reputation for their uniform exoellenoe 
 of table and the home-like comfort which pervades their establishment. 
 
 ^ 
 
 f 
 
 P- 
 
 \. 
 
 A 
 
< i^ 
 
 FOR 
 
 West Point, Cornwall, Newburgh, 
 
 Poughkeepsie, Rondout and 
 
 Kingston, Landing at Coz- 
 
 - zens, Milton, New Ham 
 
 burgh and Hyde 
 
 Park. 
 
 %'' A 
 
 THE STE A.Is^B O A.T 
 
 MARY POWELL, 
 
 Will Leave Every Afternoon (Sundays Excepted), 
 FROM FOOT OF FROM FOOT OF 
 
 VESTRY STREET, 
 3:10 o'clock. 
 
 24TH STREET, 
 3:30 o'clock. 
 
 Tiv fhiB linn an omiortuiilty is afforded of viewiiiR CRO' NEST, STORM KING, and other 
 ^ *^tat8 of bea°ura"^ W«t"ri« i"t«'««t- The Tourist «.,eB the HIIDSON HIGHLANDS 
 pomis "',^^^^^'g gloaming," the finest hour for Mountalu and Hiver Scenery. 
 
 Mt^mm^mmtmrn'rf\%'re* To and from Brooklyn by the boats of the Brooklyn Annex. 
 nmTMEC 1 lU JM U. With Elevated Hallways at Canal, Grand and 23d Streets. At 
 PouahkeepSe with EvetinTTraiusfor the North, via. H. R. K. E., aud with Ferry to Highland, 
 ir n^ndoiit itli V k I) K K. At T.'est I'oiiit with Ferry to Cold Spring. At Newburgh 
 will. Ferrv and 8ta"o to Fishkill Landing, Matteawan, Grovevillo, Olenham and Fisbkill Vll- 
 \aa" At New 6araV)iirgli witi'. Ferry to Hamrtou aad Marlborough, and with Stage to Wap. 
 piiigcrs' Falls. At Hydfi Park by Ferry to Wost Park. 
 
 TirketH Sold niid RagsaRe Checked on the boat to Philadelphia, also at the 
 offices of tlK-Pennsvlvana Kailr?a'd and North P«nn. Railroad in Philadelphia, and Baggage 
 checked tlirovigh to' all points on the route of the Mary Powell. 
 
 ' Tick<^U N«ld and Baggage Checked to all Stations on the Ulster & Delaware 
 R. R. tor the Catskill Mountains. 
 
 S^" MISALS SERVED AT ALL HOURS. ,m 
 
 Baggage by Express Received at Vestry Street only. 
 
 -J rl 
 
 «:** «» «>**a *-^ i »'wii ii tfi i iM^ iW j i J i y <^ 
 
 «»B*#iritf3^2^""" 
 
it 
 
 C. J. PITT. 
 
 o 
 
 y PlTT ct 
 
 S. H. WARD, . 
 
 c 
 
 MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 O 
 
 SHOW CASES. 
 
 OFFICE AND WAREROOMS: FACTORY: 
 
 No8. 226 & 228 CANAL ST. Nos. 2 & 4 HOWARD ST. 
 
 (Both near Centre St.) 
 
 NEW^ YORK. 
 
 SHOW CASES OF ALL KINDS MADE TO OEDEB. 
 
 imates given on all kinds of work in our line. Send for Ulu 
 gue with prices. 
 
 ORDKHS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. 
 
 "Please state where yau saw this advertisement." 
 
 'V\} 
 
 V 
 
 if ( 
 
 t. 
 
 < 
 
 I 
 
 aai ^^ if^ggT^^^^'^*™' 
 
1 1 
 
 — UW vu t y . 
 
 y. 
 
 %. 
 
 I TUB OEXjEBRA.TB3D 
 
 \VOOTON DESK, 
 
 Contalnins over lOO CotnpartrrientH, all olosed 
 ■with one key. 
 
 THE MOST COMPLETE DESK EVER INVENTED. 
 
 ^gent. Ill Fulton St., New York. 
 
 T. G. SELLEW, 
 
 MASUFACTCEIR 0» 
 
 OFFICE i LIBRARY FURNITURE. 
 
 1 1 1 Fulton Street, New York, 
 
 FINE CYLINDER AND ROLL DESKS. 
 
 OmOES PITTED UP WITH COTOTESS AMD PAETITIOMS. 
 
 it wriftw tmr i ^.w *wfci* fe 
 
 -•'^ .*•■ ^a* «•* - 
 
/ 
 
 f 
 
 w. 
 
 ADRIANCE, PLATT dc CO., / 
 
 MAXUFAOTVUERS OF 
 
 
 
 ■#5*': 
 
 ;«Iiv*irK#I# 
 
 BUCKEYE iWERIi&REJIPERUThiillDlllllliCEREJIPE!), 
 
 16<5 GREENWICH STREET, 
 
 Manufactory, POUGHKEEPSIE, N. T. (Near Oourtlandt,) NEW YORK. 
 
 Has for 24 Years ^<3l<l i^x po- 
 sition as the Leading M<) W- 
 , ER AND BEAPElt of the 
 
 It is superior to all others in 
 the principles of its construction 
 and while its Average Durabil* 
 ity has been more than double 
 that of other machines, the cost 
 of keeping it in repair has been 
 less than one-half. 
 
 The ADRIANOE is a Light, Strong, Simple and 
 
 EFFICIENT 
 
 Containing MORE OOOO 
 POINTS than any other, and 
 is a worthy companion to the 
 BUCOYE HGWER. 
 
 Prices reduced to the lowest 
 point at which it is possible to 
 maintaia the high standard 
 of excellence in Material and 
 Workmanship. 
 
 
 *'''\^"{4i!k**^ 
 
 DESCRIPTITi: CISC1TI.AKS FOR^^ABDXiD BY MAIJL. 
 
 K'- 
 
 •i^ 
 
f 
 
 -....^r 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 'k^ f 
 
 i 
 
 ( 
 
^T'jtir- 
 
 t i 
 
 THE ALBANY," 
 
 The 
 
 Palace. 
 
 Floating 
 
 Our Gnide was in the presa before the "Albany " made her first trii 
 up tlie Hiidson, but we have reserved the prominent page of our Map 
 to present a brief description, which will be of interest to the tourist 
 The steamer is 800 feet in length, and 78 feet 8 inches in width ovei 
 the guards. (Length on the water-line 285 feet, with width of beam 4C 
 feet.) The hull is of steel, divided into four water-t'ght compartmentb 
 without connections, so that it is n<^xt to impossible for her to sink 
 The engines were built by Fletcher, ilarrison & Co. , of New York, o.' 
 the vortical beam description, with cylinders 73 inches and 12 feet stroke. 
 The Dining lioom is on the main deck, and superb in its appoint- 
 ments. It is safe to say that there is nothing which approaches it in 
 " taste and beauty " in any steamer in the world. The Grand Stoircasi 
 aft is elegantly designed, and at the head of this staircase is Folmer'i 
 exquisite piece of sculptured marble, "June," while fore and aft o— 
 the staircase are paintings by Bierstadt and Gropsy. It is fitting that 
 Palmer's "June" should greet the tourist on the "Albany," for Pal 
 mer's home is in the city which has given name to the new steamer, ana 
 as it is a " Summer Boat," "June" is a fitting embodiment of the sea- 
 son. The saloon is grand and beautiful, and the wide semicircle of win 
 dows to the front will hold hundreds of admirers of the Palisades and 
 the Highlands. The staterooms on the "Promenade Deck " are as beau- 
 tiful as a " Chinese Box," and the "Hurricane Deck" has room toy i 
 thotisand promenaders. 
 
 One page is not enough to do the "Albany" justice. Her flr.t iiip 
 up the river was a perfect ovation. The Landings were crowded, 1 jjIs 
 were rung, cannon fired, and there were "nine hours of whistling " from 
 New York to Albany. It proved the popularity of the Day Line, for 
 nothing like it ever occurred before on the Hudson. 
 
 „ Thubsty McQuiUh 
 
 ■^an^.-* 4^1 
 
 •ep:' 
 
 Ai; :, i 
 
 fiUf)goX ?{ivt;f| By ©Si 
 
 ASH THE HORTH. 
 
 NIAGARA FA 
 
 AND THE WEST. 
 
 ' The X^BVorlte Steamers 
 
 ALBANY and C. VIBB. 
 
 LEAVE DAILY \ From foot of Vestry St,Pier 39, 
 EICEPT SUNDAYS, ) From foot of 24tli St, N. R. at 9 
 
 Connecting at Albany with trains for Plattaburgh, t 
 Montreal and the North. BuflUo, Niagara Falls, Tta 
 and the West; at Nsw York with trains for PhiUu 
 South. 
 
 Connecting at Bhinebeok (by Ferry) with Express tra 
 and Delaware It. B for all resorts in the Oatskill Mounl 
 
 FOB SABATOaA— A Special Express Train Ic 
 6:25 p in. for Oohoes, M^chaniosville, Bonnd Iiak« 
 arriving at Saratoga 7:55 p m. Returning, leaves Sar 
 makes same stops and lands passengers at Day Line Dock, ii 
 New York. 
 
 Excursion tickets to Newburgh (nearly two hours fo 
 Point (3 hours), returning by Down Boat. 
 
 »>>s>«M^a: 
 
IK' ' ' WW y tHf' i '"' '" ■i" ^w "^'i«r.pg--«»y-.-«- 
 
 t!f{ By !)SYi<lG[fi¥, 
 
 D THE HOBTH. 
 
 RA FALLS 
 
 ID THE WEST. 
 
 r»vorite Steamers ^ 
 
 and C. VIBBARD, * 
 
 n foot 0fVestrySt,Pier39,N.R. at 8:35 a.ffl. 
 nfootof24ttiSt,N.R.at9;00a.E 
 
 h trains for Plattaburgh, the Adirondaoka, 
 tuflUo, Niagrara FaUs, Thousand lalanda 
 ork with trains for Philadelphia and the 
 
 (by Ferry) with Expreag train oa the Ulster 
 ssorta in the Oatskill Mountain*. 
 
 Ipeolal Express Train Icavoi Albany at 
 hanissville, Bound Lake aid Ballston, 
 m. Keturning, leaves Saratoga 7:00 a. m., 
 jscngers at Day Line Dock, in time for Boat to 
 
 burgh (nearly two hours for visiting), West 
 Down Boat. 
 
 
^1* 
 
 0»'^ out OF A I'OBHiBliJ! 
 
 One New York plauo-mokm- U«uk not only tmblishcd th" J«^ 
 bnt "L diahonJly adTertised that hn recelveS «" •''^^f "f.^f °^ 
 certify tLat he reached an average of OO} only, ranking but THJ 
 
 "^ ThlawtrtiflcateH can In, «een at STEINWAY A SONS' wa, 
 the U. 8. Centennial Conunltiaion, contaimng the verdict of all the gi 
 
 & 
 
 HAVE ALSO KECKTVKD 
 
 THE ritiohal sold hbdal of 8wede!i and borw, 
 
 FIRST or THE CRAND COLD HEDALSi OF HONOR, Ex 
 TBSTinOIIAL HEDAL, tnm ••The SMicte llfcre deii Bci 
 FIRNT PRIZE HED4L, Worli'n Fair, L«a4on, I8«t. 
 ACADEBICAL HONORS, tnm the <' Royal Academics of 
 
 n ■ -rr-wn a T af\ XfCr* 
 
 Of their immense number of Testimoni 
 beg to submit the following 
 
 GRACEFUL TRIBUTE FROM MADAM! 
 
 THE CKLEBKATED BUSSIAX Vl 
 
 r^- 
 
 Mesars. 8TEI1VW A."* So SOIVS, 
 
 New Yobk. 
 Gentlemen : 
 Intending to sail for Europe next "Wednesday, per 
 thanks for Qie many courtesies extended to me durin 
 United States and Canada for the past six months. 
 
 I also take this opportunity to express to you the 
 have enjoyed from the use— both in pubho and ir 
 
 _:^^^^ nriik mVioh Tarn mni-A in InvA fhn.n Aver. 
 
 Component/ pB,ris oi vouo are ciuany nuw uibuuuwj 
 vated ears, and I frequently detect impure mixtures 
 thetic tone in the pianos of other makers. 
 
 The wonderful beauty and sympathetic tone qu,ality i 
 and so to say, satiating to the sense of hearing, a 
 component parts, hence its richness, itsgem-iike spai 
 with the greatest possible volume, depth, sonority an( 
 quality to a distance, render— to my taste— the S 
 poetry. 
 
 The action is perfection itself, responding with eqi 
 or powerful touch, and under the severest trials its 
 power remains uncharged, enabling the boundless re 
 fully unlocked, according to the inspiration of the ai 
 
 No other European or American pianos known 
 durability under the severest usage, nor combine all 
 as yours, and in them I have found my ideal irifctruB 
 
 I cannot conclude without referring to your tone-i 
 addition, greatly extending the capacity of the pia 
 charming effects, which it has afforded me great plei 
 sitions— -both classical and modem. 
 
 Wishing you every possible success, 
 
 I remain, most sincerely yours, 
 
l^ out Of a I'OHHlBliiS *»«. , ^ ^ 
 
 not only pnblishcd the Jndgw' sigmituroH nttar hod to i\n nitcrrrt n'port, 
 in received »n ayeraRe of 96 out of ft poiwiblB 9fi, the exnmli ng Jndg<>9 
 OO} only, ranking but THIBD on Square pianos, and F jURTH on 
 
 at 8TEINWAY A SONS' warerooma, an also the "Offlclnl Reports" of 
 taming the verdict of all the group Judge*, juiit publkhed in booB form, 
 
 S-W^AY & SONS, • 
 
 HAVE ALSO KKCKIVED 
 it OF 8WEDE!I AND RORWIT, ISM. 
 
 LD HIEDALN OF HONOB, Expoiltton KnlfcrMlIc, Parii, 1867. 
 I "The SMicte llkre de« Bcux Arti." Parii, 1807. 
 M'R Fair. L«a4on, I86f. , ^ . 
 
 I the <' Royal Academics of Arti" at Bcriln and MockholB. 
 
 '7S" 
 
 imber of Testimonials, STEINWAY & SONS 
 ing 
 
 E FROM MADAME ANNETTE ESSIPOFF, 
 
 E CBLBBRATED RUSSIAN VIAiaSTK: 
 
 New York, May 16th, 1877. 
 
 X. 
 
 >pe next "Wednesday, permit me to tender you my Binoereat 
 ea extended to me during my concert tour throughout the 
 r the past six months. .-a l- 
 
 ity to express to you the great pleasure and gratification I 
 —both in public and in private— of your really matchless 
 ■A in InvA than Aver. 
 
 r detect impure mixtures in what is designated as a sympa- 
 
 ather makers. ■• v t ,, , 
 
 sympathetic tone quality of the Stemway piano, so d«»lightful, 
 the sense of hearing, arises from the perfect purity of its 
 ichness, itsgem-iike sparkle and brilliancy, which, together 
 lume, depth, sonority and unequalled singing and carrying 
 er— to my taste— the Steinway tone the very essence of 
 
 self, responding with equal promptitude to .lie most delicate 
 r the seTerest trials its wonderful precision, elasticity and 
 nabling the boundless resources of the Steinway piano to be 
 the inspiration of the artist. j- i* 
 
 American pianos known to me possess such extraordinary \ 
 t usage, nor combine all excellencies to such a high degree 
 e found my ideal iifttrument. 
 
 t referring to your tone-sustaining pedal, a highly valuable 
 the capacity of the piano for the production of new and 
 &8 afforded me great pleasure to introduce in various compo- 
 aodem. 
 
 3ssible success, ,„^^„ 
 
 1, most sincerely yours, ANNETTE ESSIPOFF. 
 
I cannot conclude without referring to your ton 
 addition, greatly xte. . "» the capacity of the j 
 charming effects, .«'u. i ii> Has afforded me great pi 
 sitions— -both olasaical and modem. 
 
 Wishing you every possible snocess, 
 
 I remain, most sincerely yours 
 
 FROM ANTON RU 
 
 Gentlemen: On the eve of returning to Europe, 
 to you my most heartfelt thanks for all the kindc 
 during my stay in the United States; but also, anc 
 fortes, which, once more, have done full justice to 
 excellence and capacity of enduring the severest 
 difficult journeys all over America, in a very incl 
 enabled to use your Pianos exclusivel;ir in my two ! 
 in private, with the most eminent batisfaction and 
 Yourt, vej ,' Uuly, 
 
 IRvy I'^. FRAN 
 
 IMCesara. 8TE1WWAY &, «OISS, 
 
 Gents: The ::uagnificent Steinway Grand Piani 
 presents a hmfnonio totality of admirable qucUitie8,a 
 more SHperflnous, as this instrument fully justifi 
 years you have everywhere enjoyed. 
 
 expression of my undisguised admiration, with wl 
 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
 Prices as low as the exclusive use ol 
 thorough workmanship will permit. Old 
 By Illustrated Catalogues with Price L 
 
 STEINWAY & SONS' 
 
 lOS 
 
 J 
 

 )ut referring to your tone-BUstaining pedal, a highly valuable 
 -» the capacity of the piano for the production of new and 
 Has a£forded me great pleasure to introduce in various cr mpo- 
 l modem. 
 
 possible snccesB, ^„„ 
 
 ain, most sincerely yours, ANNETTE ESSIPOFF. 
 
 ROM ANTON RUBINSTEIN. 
 
 New Yoi k, May 24th, 1873. 
 
 of returning to Europe, I deem it my pleasant duty to express 
 1 thanks for all the kindneus and courtesy you Lave shown me 
 ted States; but also, and above all, for your unrivaled Piano- 
 have done full justice to their world-wide reputation, both for 
 »f enduring the severest trials. For, during all my long and 
 • America, in a very inclement season, I used and have been 
 >B exclusively in my two hundred and fifteen concerts, and also 
 
 eminent batisfaction and e£fect. „„,„ 
 
 0, ver/ Uuly, ANTON RUBINSTEIN. 
 
 FROA' T'^. FRANZ LISZT. 
 
 Weimar, Skptembkr 3, 1873. 
 'A.Y Ac «OIS8, 
 
 t Stein way Grand Piano now stands in my music room, and 
 y of admirable qualUies, a detailed enumeration of which it the 
 I instrument fully justifies the world-wide reputution that for 
 8 enjoyed. , , , , ^, 
 
 .4 _-.-•-- -.._«:i -^f ^*^ aImm aHH «vi-«r rirkmarrA and t.nA 
 
 lised admiration, with which 1 remain, ,, . t.^^ t xar/rr 
 
 ery sincerely yours, FRANZ LISZT. 
 
 m WdLffMiui fir Fi?e Issues. 
 
 the exclusive use of the beat materiala and most 
 ip will permit. Old Piano<? taken in exchange, 
 logues with Price List mailed free on application. 
 
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