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L'exemplaire film* fut reproduit grAce d la g6n6rosit6 de rAtablissement prAteur suivant : La bibliothAque des Archives publiques du Canada Les cartes ou les planches trop grandes pour Atre reproduites en un seul ciichA sont fiimAes A partir de Tangle supArieure gauche, de gauche A droite et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Le diagramme suivant illustre la mAthode : 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 6 6 J4l^T0RICAL i^ECORDg i ^ ^ OF THE at s^ EMMyiM iRiaLKRY. ■>7f 'iif- COMPIl.KD KY Copteiin JOHN B. M. BAX^PER. (A member of the N. B. Historical Society) AND rrBIJSHED BY THE OFFICERS OF THE CORPS KOR PRIVATE DISTRipUTION. ST. JOHN, N. B. THE SIN PRINTING COMPANY, LIMITED. 1806. \ / Kntered according to Act of the I'arliametit of Canada, in the year Eighteen Hundred and Ninety-six, by the NKW IlRt-NswiCK EG.MENT, CANADIAN Artim.krv, at the Department of Agriculture. TO LlKlTKNANT-COLONKI, l)K I,A ClIKHOIS T. IkWIX, (lati- li. A.) Assistant Adjutant-(ieneral for Artillery, Tins Von'.MK IS KKSPKCTITM.Y INSCHIHKI) BY THE AVTHOR AS A KKCOCNITION OK MIS EFFORTS I.N PLACING hf:fork thk artillery of CAXAOA THE HIGHEST STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE FOR THEIR IMITATION. PREFACE. In presenting his work for the consideration of the reader the author trusts that it will be considered rather as a compil- ation than as a history and judged accordingly with greater leniency. From imperfect records, during brief intervals of leisure, the material has been gathered, and so far as possible its accuracy has been ensured. 'I'here must, however, be many things in 'the life which all men live yet few men notice 'that have escaped both recollection and chronicle, and it is in the hope that the artilleryman of the next century who takes up the thread of the story may find it less difficult to trace, that the writer lays down his i)en warmly thanking the many friends who have assisted him in the task which he accepted with all its difficulties underestimated. S/. John, /v. B., February, i8g6. John JB. M. Baxter. ■\ % INDEX TO COKTENTS. Cl.aptcr I - Chapter II Chapter III Chapter IV Chapter V Chapter VI Chapter VII Chapter VIIl Chapter IX Chapter X Chapter XI Chapter XII Chapter XIII Chapter XIV Chapter XV Chapter XVI Chapter XVII Chapter XVIII Chapter XIX Chapter XX - 17').? I - i7y4-i.Sii i6 - 1.S12-1M5 24 - 1816-1S37 32 - - • '«3H 45 - - 1S39 - - - •.---. 54 - 1840-1843 63 - 1844-1859 - . 72 1859 82 1S60 < -91 1861 - - - - » w . ' - 100 - - - 1862-1864 •-117 - 1865-1868 , - - I2y - I869-I876 - 141 - 1877-1884 154 - IS85-1893 - - . ■ , . . , . 169 THE SKROEANT-MAJOR AND NON- COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. ' " • - 186 THE HANI). 191 THE FORTIFICATIONS. I97 1893-1896— Conclusion. 207 tO.VTKXTS. -A-PI^EN 3DIOHJS. ^■«-i.tcn.n.',I Hattery K„lI.s-,Sy,, KcKin.ental FieM a„,l siafT (.fficcr.s-.s,s-,,s.^ offiiHrs' SiTvicc Lists .... TlifC(jIvilIf company <-"aptain Nicliolson's Lattery ". I.. Peters' Ranney's .. Mcl.aiichlan's '• Pick's. No. I, Adams', No. 2, : " "urd Peters', No. 3 •• . . Kerr'.s, No. 4, u ■ lyauder'.s, No. 5, " Charlotte County Artillery Westmoreland County Artillery I'redericton, York County Artillery . . Captain Travis' battery Osburn's Woodstock (No. 5) •• >St. George (No. 6) " . Chatham (No. 7) " St. .Stephen (No. S) " St. George (No. 9) Index - 325 - 228 • 234 ; 234 - - 236 - 236 • 237 • 237 • 240 • 242 ■ 24.^ ■ 24.S • 246 ■ 247 ■ 248 • 249 - 249 - 250 ■ 251 - 251 ■ 252 ■ 252 - 253 p si -t a i'E* CO •-5 = w 4- ■ »- t If .• « s ^ -• .& ^H^ I s 3 V 3 - I < a 7 Historical I^ecords OF TIIK New ISrunswick RegiiTient CANADIAN ARI'ILLKRY. 17S3-16S6. £ s5 i X s . 5 II ^1 l; * ,• I * *i *" ^ 3 ^ C •^ •*» III .1 ? * X I CHAPTER 1. 1793- The JjiyalistK — War fith Franco — Formation of the First Company — The Mitster Jtoll — Preparations for Defence — Notes on the First Members. ^"^HE history of the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery, V • if it were written af'.er years of research, would be almost a history of the province whose name it bears. A smgle company formed a hundred years ago, in a city that was then but a village, has become the regiment of today, and the city is now the commercial metropolis of New Brunswick. That company was founded at a time when the province had just been brought into existence by the efforts of a few men whose example of loyalty and devotion has been a watchword and rallying cry throughout the succeeding years. On the eighteenth day of May, 1783, there had landed on the inhospitable shore at the mouth of the river Saint John about three thousand men, women and children, who had left the scenes of their childhood and the homes of their age rather than submit to a form of government in the principles of which they could not \r^ HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE concur. A few months later, in September of that year another band arrived numbering nearly two thousand souls, and thus passed into history a name that shall live through the ages -the Loyalists of 1783. So was founded the city of St. John, as the district of Parrtown was afterwards known, when it received a royal charter on the eighteenth day of May, 1785. In such a commun- ity the ranks of the pioneer artillery company were ten years later filled by men who had been in close touch with those mighty events which caused the political division of this continent, and by others, who, coming from the mother country had cast in their lot with those who upheld in the new province the principles and institutions to which they were devotedly attached. The muster rolls of our artillery for the past century contain the names of men whose patriotism, ability and influence have been at the service of their country in whatever capacity she has required them. It is, therefore, of great moment to the present members of the corps that its record should be perpetuated during the coming years, in the hope that the illustrious example of the past may be followed in the present and the futuie. A history, like all things finite, must have a beginning, but in a work like this, it is somewhat difficult to fix the proper period for commencement. That the origin of the regiment can be traced to the Reign of Terror is a statement which seems at first sight to be more fanciful than exact, yet that series of events which shed such a lurid light upon the last decade of the eighteenth century, is really the cause of which our organ- ization today is the indirect result. While on the 21st January, 1793, the infuriated populace of Paris was exulting over the death of Louis XVI, Colonel Bonaparte, the young Corsican officer, commanded the artillery of the republic at Toulon. Years afterwards a future commander of our regiment of artillery was N. n. C.ARRISOX ARTILLERY. an officer on the island station where the great emperor was imprisoned. The crash of the guillotine and the thunder of the guns at Toulon, roused the nations of Europe. War was * declared by France against Great Britain, Holland, Spain, Austria and Prussia, and counter declarations were made. In con- sequence of this the then Colonial Secretary, Mr. Henry DuNDAS, sent a letter dated at Whitehall, 9th February, 1793, to the lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia informing him that the persons exercising the supreme authority in France had declared war against the king of England on the first of that month— that letters of marque or commissions of privateer would be gra- in the usual manner and giving assurance to all owners c 'rr' d ships and vessels that his majesty would consider then .s having a just claim to the king's share of all French shi[. and property of which they might make prize. A similar despatch was probably sent to the lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick. At the same time a circular letter was sent to the lieutenant-governors of both provinces requiring them to raise provincial corps of six hundred men each, the subsistence and equipment of which was to be a charge upon the royal ex- chequer. On the 4th May, 1793, Governor (Brigadier-General) Thomas Carleton wrote to Major-General Clarke, then in command, stating that he had appointed Edward Winslow, Esq., Muster-master General of the late provincial forces, to muster and inspect the recruits for one of these corps, the King's N. B. Regiment. This regiment .was entirely distinct from the militia which at the same time was being organized as rapidly as possible. The peace which followed th'e American rebellion, had left the provinces in a supine state with respect to military organi- zation and defences. An act providing for the enrolment of 4 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE the militia had been j)assed in 1787 but does not appear to have been acted upon. Another law, repealing the former, was enacted in 1792, and under this the enrolment of the militia began, while the regiment for service with troops of the line was also being mustered. In those times the militia represented not alone the lads and young men of the community but in reality every able bodied man from sixteen to sixty years of age with the exception of a very few exempts. The feeling of dan- ger was immediate and personal and there was a commensurate sense of responsibility. Many of the citizens were men who had fought for their homes and lost everything in their struggle for king and conscience. Such men were the leaders of pub- lic opinion in our province, and under the stimulus of their example it is quite probable that the ranks were quickly and willingly filled. Under such circumstances and from such splen- did material, on the fourth day of May, 1793, there was en- rolled in the Loyal Company of Artillery of the city of Saint John the following patriotic men : — John Colville, captain. Thomas Gilbert, ist lieutenant. John Ward, 2nd lieutenant. ' Oliver Bourdette, John Chubb, sergeants. Privates : — ' Alex. McPherson, Samuel Smiler, . Arthur Dingwall, John Mills, VV^illiam Thompson, Timothy Perry, Lewis DeBlois, Timothy Thomson, Lawrence Robinson, William Olive, John McLeod, Robert Andrews, Josiah Butler, Nathaniel Worrell, James Hoyt, Anthony Reece, James Gaynor, Samuel Stephen, William Barlow, Stephen Potter, Beach Sealy, Daniel Belding, Thomas Robson, Daniel Leavitt, William Chappell, Geo. Symers (Stymest ?) Samuel Whitney, Stephen Bourdette, Archibald McNeill, Asa Cutler, X. H. (lARRISON ARTILLERY. Wm. Margeston, Samuel Miley, Humphrey Peel, Lawrence Hartwick, James (iregor, Robert Alden, John^ Morrill, (leo. Younghusband, Joseph Can by, jrhos. Smith, Ezekiel Barlow, John Waterbury, Henry Anthony, Thomas Clapp, Aaron Moses Beek, Thos. Lawton, Wm. Roden, Andrew Crookshank, Thomas Hanford, George Smith, James Kavanaugh, Robert Reid, Charles Thomas, jr., William Pagan, liradford Ciilbert, Robert Laidley, Daniel DeVoe, Joseph Forrester, Jacob Pearson, Jonathan Leavitt, William Young, Samuel Mason, Thomas Jennings, Captain Watt, John (iarrison, Benjamin Burgess, Simeon Parker, Nicholas Lake, John Shaw, Barth'w Coxetter, William Donald, John Belyea, Thomas (ireen, Robert K. Boyd, John Darragh, Henry Finch, Aquilla Rich, Richard Longmuir, Robert Patullo, Thomas Reed, Benjamin Stanton, Samuel Boyer, Charles Thomas, sr., Joseph Gorham, Thomas Thomas, William Harper, James Hume, Peter Boura, Robert Green. The muster roll was completed not a day too soon. On the 6th May news was received at Saint John that a French priv- ateer of ten guns and forty-five men was cruising in the Bay of Fundy. A night patrol was immediately established and Capt. Robert Reed of the 'Independent Volunteers' took the first tour of duty. Some proposed to fit out an armed vessel to go after the belligerent stranger. Another guard-house was pro- vided for the watch, and a double guard was placed at the Lower Cove battery — probably Dorchester battery. This fort was then armed with i8-pr. guns which it is gravely stated, were ' so excellently situated as to prevent the possibility of an 'enemy's ship coming into the harbor.' The expected vessel never came and the night patrol exerted its vigilance for noth- ing. Later on, in August, there was another scare caused by the report that a large naval force of the enemy had arrived HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE on this continent. Governor Carleton hastened to St. John, which was in a state of alarm, and directed the erection of some fortifications which were thought to render the city per- fectly safe against attack by sea. Again, in October, a report was spread that two thousand four hundred French troops among which were *a banditti of miscreants ' and some desert- ers from (ialbaud's corps, were ready to embark at New York. They were said to have forty horses and sixteen pieces of field artillery but were badly clothed. Governor Carleton did not suppose that New Brunswick would be the objective point of this expedition but as a matter of precaution he ordered forty artillerymen (Royal) and a detachment of about eighty men of the King's New Brunswick Regiment, commanded by Major Murray, to St. John. Capt. Clinch's company of that regi- ment was stationed at Passamaquoddy and the remaining com- panies at Fredericton and the upper posts. The governor reviewed the militia of the city of St. John and five hundred and eleven non-commissioned officers and men responded. He set them to work preparing fascines and throwing up tempor- ary works for the protection of the harbor. This was the first military employment of the militia artillery. At this time the common council of the city had under consideration the ob- taining of some lots in St. James street for the purposes of fortification but the project appears to have been abandoned. Despite the danger, either malice or mischief was not suppressed as the following extract from the minutes of common council of 8th November, 1793, will shew: — " Information having been given to this board that the Centi- "nals posted at the batteries have in several instances been as- " saulted by some evil disposed persons who have thrown stones " at them in the dark ; N. 15. (lARKISOX ARTILLKRY. 7 '* Ordered, that the Clark do prepare an advertisement to "send to the publick papers offering in the name of the cor- "poration 20 dollars reward to any person who shall discover "the offender or offenders to be paid on conviction." No further reports appear to have been received during the winter and there was no further reference to the unfortunate sentinels. The alarm of the French revolution, however, had, among other things, caused the formation of a company of artillery which has unbroken historical continuity with the or- ganization of today. It will be noticed that the term 'company' is used in referring to the artillery of that time. It was then and until about 1862 continued to be the correct designation of artillery. It is a fact, worthy of note, that Captain Col- ville's company was organized only seventy-seven years later than the formation of that splendid regiment which shares in every victory of British arms and proudly writes ' Uhiqite ' on its shield. The Royal artillery having been organized with two companies claim regimental history from 17 16, while their New Brunswick kinsman must be content with the record of a single company until 1833. At first our company formed a part of the Saint John County militia and was accorded the honor due to artil- lery of occupying the right flank at inspections and -eviews. When the annual parade states were made up the staff officers and non-commissioned officers were always included in the state of the artillery. Another and a very special distinction was accorded to this company — that of wearing gold facings instead of those at that time usually worn by colonial corps. The personnel of the first muster-roll is an interesting study to a resident of St. John. Many of the names are still borne by the descendants of the old artillerymen while others have completely died out. John Colville, the first captain, was a l-JJL.. 8 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE man of wealth and position in the little community. By the city charter he had been appointed assistant to the alderman for Kings ward, a position which gave him a seat at the com- mon council, in the minutes of which he is frequently referred to by his military title. In 1794, after several years of absence from the board, he was elected alderman for the same ward, and in 1 795 having been again chosen to that position he ap- peared at the council and declined re-election. He had also held several minor offices under the city. Captain Colville was the founder of the commercial firm of Crookshaxk & Johnston, which flourished for many years. The senior mem- ber of that firm was Andrew Crookshank, whose mother had married Captain Colville. Andrew Crookshank afterwards succeeded to the command of the artillery company. Captain Colville is buried in the Church of England bury- ing ground at St. John. The following is the inscription on his tombstone: — John Colville. Died Nov. 7, 1808, In the 71st year of his age. ♦ Mr. Colville came to this province with the Loyalists in 1783, and was for many years a merchant in this city, during which time his unflinching integrity won for him the sincere esteem of every honest man, to whom he was known. Rachel Norris, widow of John Colville, Died June 6, 1823. e n 1- d :e i, ?■ ;o om Fort Howe the sound of the morning and evening gun ' was heard as notice of the opening and closing of each day 'until the troops moved to barracks at Lower Cove in 1824. *IC t^ "T T* 5p 'P 'War was declared by the United States against England in '181 2, this caused much excitement in the city, the old folks ' had not forgot the hard conflict they had passed through from '1776 to 1783 — business of all kinds was nearly suspended ' but this lasted for but a short time. The bustle of prepar- 'ation and the continual arrival of soldiers, and their passing 'through on their way to Canada, added to this warships, ' large and small, prize vessels sent in, etc., made things lively. * I am doubtful whether our city ever had so much life or ' business (according to population) as she had during those 'three years. Our defences were small, the Tower in Carleton 'commenced building in 181 2 with one or two block-houses and 'the remains of Fort LaTour of historic fame, with a few old ' broken down French batteries was all the defence on the west 'side. On this side the harbor there was not much Sabbath ' for some time as all who were capable of handling an axe or ' an auger were employed in fitting up gun carriages and other ' preparations. Our defences were from the heights on Fort ' Howe hill and out around the lower part of the city from * Battery point to Reed's point. The artillery were stationed 'at the lower cove — the soldiers of the line stationed at Fort * Howe. Our militia had at times to stand their draft.' N. B. f;ARRISON ARTILLERY 31 The war with the United States was ended by the Treaty of Ghent on 24th December, 18 14, but the desperate battle of New Orleans had been fought before the people of Canada heard that peace had been proclaimed. It was not until the 3rd of March of the next year that the news reached Hali- fax. It had been proclaimed at Washington on i8th P'ebruary. The contest had been bloody and exhaustive. The provinces had borne their burden manfully and the long roll of battles re- flects even more credit upon the raw Canadian militia than upon the trained troops with whom they co-opei^ated. It was a strug- gle marked by incompetency on both sides almost from begin- ning to end, but yet, when peace was signed, the Americans had not a foothold upon our soil. Annexation, the fad of a few demagogic politicians in the United States today, was a very dead thing then. Blood and treasure were expended in vain for the accomplishment of that purpose, and with the con- clusion of the war of 18 12 the opportunity passed away forever. For every man that Canada had then she has ten men today ; for adhesion she has cohesion ; for weakness she has strength. Day by day and year by year her attachment to the British Crown has grown and strengthened until today she stands the foremost among the colonies of Britain. ' \ '■ i 32 HISTORICAI, RKCORDS OF THE CHAPTER IV. . 1816-1837. Chamjes of Officers — Accession of Georyc the Fourth — Arrival of Sir Howard Domjlas — BecoUections of John B. dlarshall — Militia Becords — Companies Outside of Saint John — New Companies Formed — Loyalist Jubilee. QFTER the cessation of the war but little in the way of history must be expected from our organization until the time of the regimental formation. There are of course the records of promotions, a few salutes fired in com- memoration of public events and the other trivial incidents which constitute the history even of a regiment of the line in a time of profound peace. The militia laws of this period did not require a great deal of service from the citizen soldiery. Generally one or two days drill by companies and one day's muster by battalions was considered sufficient, but little as it was this much was required until long after the formation of the regiment. To-day there are few incidents in the routine of any corps that are thought to be history. Inspections and reviews, drills and salutes are mostly a matter of course, and the writer of the next century will probably think that we have done as little to deserve perpetuation as some of the present day may think our predecessors have done. Yet they, as well as their successors, did all that there was to be done, and though the record may appear somewhat barren, yet it is one of which any soldier may well be proud, that cf duty per- formed. N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 33 The second captain of the Artillery Company, Andrew Crookshank, died February 13, 181 5, at the age of 49 years. The succession to the captaincy occasioned considerable correspondence between Major John Ward, (formerly second lieutenant in the company) then commanding the ist battalion of the St. John County regiment, and Lieutenant-Colonel Harris William Hailes, who was then administering the government of New Brunswick. Since 18 12 Sir Thomas Saumarez and General Smyth e had alternately presided over the council, no regular governor having been appointed. Major Ward's first letter is dated August 10, 18 16. In it he refers to Lieutenant-Colonel Wetmore having recommended Craven Calverly for the command of the Artillery company, but which that gentleman had refused, as it would interfere very much with his private business. * The company of Artillery,' he says, ' formerly the most respectable in the regiment, is now without an officer, and I am at a loss whom to recommend to your Honor. If it should meet your approbation to remove Captain James Potter from the Sea Fencibles to the Artillery company, the Sea Fencibles would then have Captain James Reed with them. They were allowed two captains on account of their numbers. David Waterbury, who has made application for leave to resign, is out of town. I think him a proper person to hold a commission and would wish an opportunity to speak to him on the subject before he is allowed to resign. If your Honor thinks proper to appoint Mr. Caleb Ward second lieutenant in the Artillery I think the company will be well officered. In compliance with your Honor's recom- mendation to me, I have issued an order for the captains of companies to receive and take care of their respective com- panies' arms during the time of peace, which I trust will be the means of preventing any loss of arms in the future.' The commander-in-chief replied approving of the recommen- dations, and on the same day a militia general order was » }■ mmm 34 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE n issued transferring Capt. James Potter from the Sea Fencibles to the Artillery company vice Calverly, whose appointment was cancelled ; promoting David Waterbury to be first lieu- tenant and appointing Caleb Ward, gentleman, to be second lieutenant. On the 2oth September, 1816, Major Ward issued an order requesting Captains Humbert, McKee and Potter to take charge of their several companies agreeably to the general order partly quoted above. It is, however, doubtful whether Captain Potter assumed command of the company, as on i8th April, 182 1, Major Ward recommended the promotion of David Waterbury to the captaincy ' vice Crookshank deceased.' It is not at all likely that this expression would have been used if Captain Potter had been the officer retiring. At the same time he recom- mended the promotion of Caleb Ward to first lieutenant and the appointment of John C. Waterbury as second lieutenant. George Shore^ then adjutant-general, replied on May ist, making the appointments as desired. The militia general orders of loth August, 182 1, of interest to the artillery, were as follows : ' Major Ward, commanding the St. John militia, having expressed a wish to retire with his rank, the corps is to be divided into two battalions, the first under Charles Drury, Esq., the second under command of Charles Simonds, Esq., which gentlemen the commander-in-chief is pleased to appoint majors commandant of the same. The companies at present enrolled within the limits of the city, including the Artil- lery, Sea Fencibles and African companies are to form the first battalion, the remaining companies are to form the second. The commandants will recommend officers to complete their corps agreeably to the proportion provided in the militia Act, as also their staff, paying every possible attention to the >• p ' N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY, 35 • 'priority of claims for rank amongst the ofificers at present 'belonging to their respective battalions.' George III, having died in 1820, the Prince Regent as- cended the throne as George IV. The "Courier" of 6th May, 1820, thus describes the proclamation of the new monarch : 'Yesterday the ceremony of proclaiming King George the Fourth took place in this town, and we are warranted in saying, that in no part of the provinces has it been conducted with more zeal, order or propriety. At half past ten o'clock the militia artillery company commenced firing minute guns which were continued until half past eleven. The colors were hoisted half mast high both ashore and on vessels in the harbour. The church bells commenced tolling at the same time. The procession moved from the Grammar school at half past eleven, and proceeded to the Court house in slow march with solemn music. It consisted of the sheriff, coroner, clergy, magistrates, inhabitants, garrison and militia artillery. After the proclamation was read at the Court house and signed by the magistrates and other principal persons, James Barber, Esquire, who was appointed herald, read it to the people, the whole of them being uncovered. They were the most num- erous and respectable body we have ever seen collected together in this county. When the proclamation was concluded, three hearty cheers were given, the troops presented arms, and the band struck up " God Save the King," the people still re- maining uncovered. At this time the colours were hoisted to the mast-head and the church bell rang. A royal salute of twenty-one guns was fired and the cheering was repeated. The procession then marched from the court house (the sheriff and herald being on horseback) and proceeded to the church and other parts of the town, when the proclamation was read and the acclamations continued.' : . The sheriff was James White; the mayor of the city, John Robinson, and the coroner, James C. F. Bremner. The court house was then on Market square, and the only church bell was that in old Trinity. ' . 36 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE The coronation of the new sovereign which took place the following year was celebrated at St. John on 24th October, 182 1. A ball was held in the Madras School-room, King square, which was attended by more than two hundred guests. The follow- ing day was the anniversary of the landing of the Loyalists' fall fleet. Tables were set on the King square and three oxen roasted whole to the great delight of the populace. In the evening there was a banquet, at which Colonel Charles Drurv presided, and Governor Smythe was present. A saiate was fired by the artillery. David Waterbury, the third captain, was born in Stamford, Conn., in 1758. He came to St. John with the Loyalists in 1783, and died 28th November, 1833. He lived on Dock street and kept a cooper shop on Nelson street. His tomb- stone in the Old Burying Ground has the simple record of his birth-place and death. He was often elected a vestryman of Trinity church, and for many years was chief of the Volunteer Fire Company. He was also a prominent Free Mason, being the second W. M. of St. John's Lodge, and the first of the Union Lodge of Portland. The engraving of Capt. Water- bury is from an old daguerrotype given to the author by the late J. W. Lawrence, Esq. James Potter, the predecessor of Captain Waterbury died on Monday, 26th June, 1826, after a few hours illness. He was a retired ship-master and resided for many years on the east side of Prince William street. Changes in command were frequent in those days. On September 3, 1822, John C. Waterbury was promoted to the captaincy, and Thomas T. Hanford and George Waterbury were appointed first and second lieutenants respectively. The imperfect records of this period are assisted by an advertise- Cai'TMn Daviu Waterbury. ^;, N. H. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 37 I v. ¥ t, ment of the ist Battalion St. John Militia regimental orders, under the date 19 July, 1823, which appears in the St. John "Courier." These orders refer to the four ofificers of the Artillery company who have just been mentioned, and also show that at that time there was a Grenadier company, of which Benjamin L. Peters, father of the late Judge, was captain ; Alexander Edmond, uncle of the venerable John Wishart, who died in 1893, John R. Partelow, chamber- lain and Mayor of St. John, and James H. Fowler were lieutenants. There were, besides these, six companies of the battalion, a company of light infantry, a rifle company and the African Staff company. The battalion was ordered to parade for drill on Friday the 5th and Saturday, 6th September, pre- paratory to its inspection ordered for the 8th of that month. The commanding officer requested that the men of all com- panies should appear in white trowsers, and the officers were also required to conform to this regulation. The 74th Regiment, Lieutenant-Colonel Mein commanding, was stationed in the city at this time. It left for Halifax in July or August, and an address was presented by the City corporation to the commanding and other officers. The legislature was opened on 21st January, 1824, by the President of Council, the Hon. Ward Chipman, who was administering the government, pending the arrival of Sir Howard Douglas. The President in his speech referred to the returns of the inspecting field officers of the militia which would be laid before the house, and from which additional proof would be derived of the expediency of a continued provision for the service. Shortly afterward His Honor died, his funeral taking place on February i6th. Preceding the hearse were the troops in garrison at Fredericton, and field 38 HISTORICAI. RlCCOkDS OF THF pieces manned by the Royal Artillery and Captain Minchin's company of militia Artillery, the whole being under the com- mand of Major McNair of the 52nd Regiment, and forming the guard of honor and firing party. April 23rd of that year was the anniversary of the tutelar Saint of England and of the birth of king Gkorge IV. In honor of His Majesty royal salutes were fired by the Royal Artillery at Fori Howe, and the militia artillery in Queen square. The firing of the latter was accompanied by a feu de joie from the 52nd Regiment and the Uniform companies of the ist and 3rd battalions of the St. John Militia, under the command of Sir John M. Tilden. It was said they had a very fine effect. On Tuesday, 24th August, Sir Howard Douglas, the new governor, arrived at St. John in H. M. S. Samarang. At one o'clock the next afternoon he landed and proceeded through an avenue formed from the wharf to the Exchange Coffee House by two single ranks of soldiers, composed of a company of the 52nd Regiment, under Major McNair, and the Uniform com- panies of the I St and 3rd battalions of the local militia under Major Drury. When His Excellency left the ship the fact was announced by a salute from the Samarang, responded to from Fort Howe. On his landing the militia artillery ^ salute and the governor was cordially welcomed by F lS Murray Bliss, who had administered the goven since the death of Judge Chipman. His Excellency was attended by the members of the executive council, the mayor, common council and magistrates of the city, and the heads of depart- ments. The next day the corporation gave a dinner to Sir Howard and tendered an address to him. The population of St. John at this time was about eight thousand five hundred people. On i8th September Sir Howard reviewed about \ N. H. (lARRISON ARTII.LKRV. 39 fifteen hundred men of the rst, 2nd and 3rd battalions of militia under Major Drury. In a general order published a few days afterwards His Excellency spoke of the great satisfaction which he had had in the review. He was ' very much pleased with 'the Artillery company under Capt. Watkrhurv, who performed * their firing and movements with celerity and precision and ' proved themselves deserving of all the encouragement which 'could be shown to them.' His Excellency held a levee in the city on 27th, in the Masonic hall, at which militia officers appeared in uniform. By a general order of 29th March, 1825, the 2nd battalion was excepted from an order of the 24th October, 1824, which had constituted all the battalions in St. John city and county one regiment, of which the governor was colonel and Major Drury lieutenant-colonel. The 2nd battalion now became the Regiment of St John County Militia, and- Major Charles SiMONDS was appointed its colonel commandant. The annual inspection took place on 8th October, and was followed by a dinner, but the newspapers of the time do not give any details of the event. Colonel Love was the field officer inspectmg. Captain John C. Waterborv retired on 4th July, 1826, retaining his rank. He was afterwards County Treasurer, and died in the Parish of Portland on the 9th February, 1837, at the age of 47 years. Thomas Barlow, who [had been appointed first lieutenant on September 8th, 1821, succeeded, on 9th January, 1827, to the command of the company, which he retained for upwards of eleven years. The St. John " Courier," printed by Henry Chubb & Co., contains brief paragraphs referring to dinners following the annual musters of 1826 and 1827, but no particulars are given. It is of the time of Captain Barlow that the earliest mmm tmmm 40 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE ■ 'W recollection can now be obtained from the lips of the living. John R. Marshall, who, from 1862 to 1890, was chief of police of the City of St. John, joined Barlow's company in 1830. He drilled with them for many years in an old fire engine house on Dock street. The company had two 3-pr. guns, which were kept in the battery at Lower Cove. Chief Marshall remembers, as sergeants, James G. Melick anr' Lewis Durant, afterwards officers of the company. In 1838 he assisted in firing a salute of 100 guns on the King Square in honor of the Queen's coronation. He ran through the steps of lance corporal, corporal and sergeant, to a second lieutenancy, which he obtained in 1848. His further pro- motions will be seen to have been of great importance to the present battalion in the way of establishing the continuity of its history with that of the old Colville company. From the year 1830 the first militia records, regularly kept as such, are available. In all matters previous to this old newspapers, almanacs and correspondence are the only sources of information. Through the kindness of Lieutenant-Colonel Maunsell, I). A. G., the records of his office from the date mentioned have been placed at the disposal of the writer, and have rendered possible a task which, even with this assistance, has been by no means an easy one. The tabular appendix to this book, showing the officers of the Artillery in all parts of the Provin :e, is as complete and accurate as it is possible to make it, but the sources from which the information has been derived and the impossibility in a great many cases of testing the accuracy of a statement by comparison with official, or indeed any other records, render it impossible to claim that it is more than approximately correct. Considerable informa- tion has been obtained regarding the organization at St. John, N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 41 { t^ but in the other parts of the Province it is absolutely impos- sible to do mors than state the facts collected and the authority for them, leaving the reader to supplement them by con- jectu.e. In Charlotte County, as early as 1822, there appears to have been some artillery in connection with the infantry battalions. Attached to the ist Battalion at St. Andrews there was a Lieutenant William VV^hitlock, whose commission is dated 27 May, 1822. Lieutenants Wm. Gray and John Messinett, date from loth and nth March, 1828, respectively, and on 19th May of the same year Captain James Muir appears. He was succeeded 4th February, 1829, by Willi aivi Whitlock, and at this time Thomas Berry appears as lieutenant. This company became a part of the regiment in 1838. Some of the old almanacs shew a company attached to the 2nd battalion of Charlotte county. By reference to the names in the appendix it will be seen that, with the exception of Capt. John Mowatt, 2nd July, 1829, they and the dates of commissions are the same as those of the ist battalion. It is probable that lieutenants Gray and Messinett were transferred to the company with the 2nd battalion when Capt. Whitlock took command of the one in connection with the ist battalion. This company did not become a part of the regiment until 5th December, 1 840. There was still another company of artillery in Charlotte county with headquarters at St. Stephen. It was connected with the ist battalion but on the 4th battalion being organized in 1835 it was transferred to the latter. The first captain on the list is T. or J Armstrong who was succeeded by William T. Rose. While under Capt. Rose the company came into the regiment. Though there could have been no battery for 42 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE o many years, yet Capt. Rose retired as major on 13th June, 1866, and Lieutenant Clewly was promoted to the captaincy vice Rose. The names of the officers are elsewhere stated. Westmoreland county also appears to have had some men who could handle the rattling gun. When on August 3rd, 1825, Sir Howard Douglas visited Sackville the Artillery company, under command of Capt. Harris, attached to the 2nd battalion, fired a salute of fifteen guns. In this county the artillery were attached to the 2nd and 3rd battalions, a departure from the usual course. The names of Westmoreland artillery officers, so far as known, are given in the appendix. In 1825, on nth July, when Sir Howard Douglas visited Miramichi a salute of seventeen guns was fired, and later in the year troops were called out because of the great fire. It does not appear, however, that they were militia artillery. York county, which prior to 31st March, 1831, included Carleton county, furnished considerable strength to the artillery of those times — but from inaccuracy in detail of available records it is difficult to determine the precise commands held by the officers named in connection with it. In 1824 Major George MiNCHiN appears, his commission bearing date the 25th May of that year. In 1826 Richard Dibblee, then a merchant of « Fredericton, was lieutenant. He subsequently removed to Wood- stock and became a company officer there. On loth Septem- ber, 1827, Sergeant-major James Holbrook was promoted to a lieutenantcy, and by orders of 20th March, 1832, he was appointed to the captaincy of a new company, probably in- fantry. Abraham K. Smedes Wetmore, a prominent lawyer, was on 22nd November, 1828, gazetted as lieutenant. He, too, afterwards removed to Woodstock, and succeeded on 17th September, 1833, to what was called the second captaincy, t ri N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 43 ik which appears really to have been the captaincy of a second company. His predecessor was George P. Bliss, who, on loth September, 1827, had been appointed and now received a majority. There is also a reference in militia records to Capt. Thomas Jones, artillery, 3rd York battalion. He was appointed on 3rd July, 1829, but of him there is no further trace. John Saunders Shore was gazetted lieutenant on 25th August, 1834, and Donald McLeod on 2nd September in the same year. The former succeeded to a captaincy on the death of Major Bliss, i8th June, 1836, and George M. Odell was appointed lieutenant on the same day. These officers came into the regimental formation in 1838. In 1833 another St. John company was formed under Cap- tain Thomas L. Nicholson, with John Pollok, Charters SiMONDS and William Ross as lieutenants. This was the Portland company. Nicholson was an auctioneer and com- mission merchant on the North wharf; Pollok was in Robert Rankin & Co., an old time firm of great repute ; Simonds was in that employ and Ross was a steamboat engineer. Robert Reed, Esq., who died a few years ago, was afterwards an officer in this company, and as a private was largely instru- mental in its organization. He was then a clerk with James Whitney, the pioneer steamboat owner of St. John. Snortly before his death he mentioned James Anderson and John Hopkins, of St. John, as the only survivors of the original company. In the same year Sergeant Robert Robertson and Charles J. Melick were appointed second lieutenants in the Colville company. - St. John has always boasted of a ' Kid Glove ' battery. One was formed in 1834 by the appointment on 26th April of William Parker Ranney as captain, William Hughson as 44 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE lieutenant, and Newton Ward Wallop, Frederick A. Wig- gins and Stephen Kent Foster as second lieutenants. This was a city battery. The city artillery fired a salute from King Square on i8th May, 1833, being the Jubilee of the landing of the Loyalists. The event was celebrated by a corporation dinner given in the Masonic Hall at the head of King street. An incident belonging to this period may here be told as its precise date can not be ascertained. George F. Thompson who, in 1859, was appointed to the Ranney battery, was a son of Michael Thompson, a petty officer in the Royal Navy who afterwards held a position in H. M. Customs. He was born in 1817 and joined the battery about 1835. Shortly be- fore he was enrolled he was one day watching a sham fight in which Barlow's and Nicholson's batteries participated on op- posite sides. Nicholson was entrenched on the northward of Fort Howe holding the hill while Barlow was attacking the position from the southward. The ammunition of the attack- ing party having run short, Capt. Barlow came up to the enemy's lines and asked Nicholson for a supply ' to keep the fun going.' 'March these prisoners to the rear!' was the mili- tary response, and the valiant commander, foaming with rage, was obliged to submit to the carrying out of the order. He was soon released, however, and with the desired ammunition and a grudge to pay, renewed the attack. In the last year with which this chapter deals, the cry * The King is dead, long live the Queen !' was heard throughout the British dominions, and ever since the wish of length of days and happiness to her has echoed throughout the empire. 1: I' I I wmm \ ■ • • r ^ J r ^ Lv ••■,|, .V.<»w«^- *. . Wb^KkSSSS^^M . •^ Jg^:l " /^^ tt ■ *- ! lyiEUT.- Colonel Hayne. N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 45 CHAPTER V. 1838. Formation of the New Brunsimck Begiment of Artillery —Begimental Officers — Companies which formed the Begiment— Sketches of their Officers — Celebration of the Queen's Coronation. TT"! NDER the system prevailing at the time, the companies of jSIL artillery mentioned in the previous chapter were not avail- able for concerted action. There is no doubt but that they must have been very meagrely supplied with outfits, for in those days the burden of clothing himself in some sort of military garb was thrown entirely upon the volunteer. The few guns which could be spared to the outlying districts were, however, probably far less obsolete than are those at present supplied to the militia artillery. But the great deficiency of the time was method. The companies being attached to infantry bat- talions, and there being no system of inspection at all similar to that of the present time, it was well nigh impossible that uniformity of drill could be maintained. Nor was this the worst feature of the administration. If the services of the militia should at any time have been required the artillery could not have been commanded advantageously by the infan- try colonels, nor had they any officers of their own arm who had active experience of the duties of any rank above that of captain. Had they been put in the field there was no officer qualified for the work of looking after the issue of those sup- plies which are specially required for artillery. But happily for this important branch of the service, both the hour and 4<5 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THK the man had arrived for a change which resulted in the uniting of all the scattered companies into one body, and in giving to New Brunswick a regiment which for upwards of fifty years has maintained an existence, sometimes precarious indeed, but always continuous. The step which was then taken was probably accelerated by the events of 1837, which are familiar to all students of Canadian history. While the battle of re- sponsible government was being fought in this province, on the floors of the assembly, hundreds of excited and reckless men were gathering around the standard of rebellion raised in Upper and Lower Canada by McKenzie and Papineau. The militia forces of the Upper Provinces proved quite adequate to avert the danger, but troops of the line were hurried for- ward to the scene of civil war. Those stationed in New Brunswick were ordered to the front, and during their absence the militia were called on to garrison the posts at Fredericton and St. John. In November, 1837, the nth, 43rd and 83rd Regiments of the line were sent forward on sleds, and the militia called out for garrison duty were not relieved until the general order of 27th January, 1838, which mentions the I St Battalion, York Co., and the St. John City militia as having taken part in this service. On 28th February, 1838, the following general order was issued constituting the regiment: " His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor and Commander- " in-chief, considering it important to render the militia artillery "of the Province efficient and available with as little delay as "possible, has been pleased to appoint Captain Richard " Hayne, on the half pay of the Royal Staff Corps and for- " merly of the Royal Artillery, to be Lieutenant Colonel com- "mandant of the said militia artillery. His Excellency has "been further pleased to direct that this arm of the service "be increased to ten companies and formed into a regiment, '■K'' '-■:^ J' - T N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY, 47 r "entitled 'The New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery,' the " distribution of which to be as follows, viz. : 2 Companies. 2 Company. At Fredericton, At St. John, At St. Andrews, At St. Stephen, County of VV^estmoreland, County of Northumberland, County of Kent (Richibucto), County of Carleton, (Woodstock), Total, 10 companies. " Each company to consist of one captain, one first and one "second lieutenant, four non-commissioned ofificers and thirty- " two privates. The officers belonging to the companies already "formed will consider themselves respectively attached to the "same until further orders. The uniform of the corps to be "blue and red facings, and similar to that now worn by the " Royal Artillery, the button to be struck with three guns, " surmounted by a crown and encircled by the words, ' New " Brunswick Regiment of Artillery. ) ») By an order of 8th May, 1838, Major George F. Street (unattached) was appointed major ; Edward Pick, gentleman, to be adjutant, and J. W. Boyd, Esq., to be paymaster. On 25th June of the same year Dr. J. Toldervy, surgeon of the 3rd Battalion of York County was transferred to the regiment as surgeon. There was no quartermaster until 30th March, 1 84 1, when E. B. Peters was appointed to that position. The following were the ofificers of the companies which in 1838 constituted the regiment: At Fredericton Captain^ Lieutenants^ John S. Shore. Donald McLeod, George M. Odell. 48 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE Captain Thomas Barlow of the Colvillk company was permitted to retire with rank by the general order which established the regiment. At St. John : lat (Colville) Company. Lieutenant Comd^g, George Water bury. Second Lieutenants, Robert Robertson, Charles J. Melick. 2nil Company. William Parker Ranney. - William Hughson, Newton Ward Wallop, Stephen Kent Foster, Frederick A. Wiggins. Captain, Lieutenants, At St. Andrews : Captain, Lieutenant, At St. Stephen : 1st Company, r William Whitlock. Thomas Berry. Captain, , Lieutenant, Second Lieutenants, At Woodstock : Captain, Lieutenant, 1st Company. William T. Rose. J. Campbell. J. Maxwell, W. Andrews. A. K. Smedes Wetmore. R. Dibblee. No companies from Westmoreland, Northumberland or Kent were enrolled or became part of the regiment. Soon after the formation of the regiment a second company was raised at PVedericton with the following officers and was accepted by general order of 8th May, 1838 : — Captain, - - George F. Berton, Lieutenant, - - James F. Berton. Second Lieutenant, Edward B. Peters. "J t ■> < N. n. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 4^ and on 25th June of the same year Captain Nicholson's com- pany at St. John was also included : — Captain^ - - Thomas L. Nicholson. Lieutenants^ - - John Pollock, Charters Simgnds, William Ross. During the year John C. Allen was appointed second lieutenant in Captain Shorp:'s company, and lieutenant George Waterbury of the Colville company retired with his rank. On 1 2th November the volunteers were again called out for duty, the regulars having been sent forward on the second out- break of the Papineau rebellion. This service lasted for a week but it is not known what portion of the militia was employed. A brief sketch of some of the first officers of the regiment will be appropriate at this stage. Others will be dealt with on the occasion of their promotion when a fuller record can be given. Of some, nothmg can be said, "or though the names have a familiar sound yet their histories have apparently perished. Captain Hayne, R. A., the first lieutenant-colonel of the regi- ment, was born in Devonshire, England, in 1804, and was educated at the Royal Academy, Woolwich. In 1820, as second lieutenant, R. A., he went with Sir Hudson Lowe to St. Helena, where Napoleon was at that time confined, and remained there until the ex-emperor's death. In 1831 he came to Canada with Colonel By, having been appointed to the Royal Stafif corps, and was there employed on the Rideau canal and other en- gineering works. He went to England in 1836 and came to New Brunswick in the following year as commissioner to the New Brunswick and Nova Scotia Land company. He returned to England in 1870, and died at Dittesham, Devonshire, in 1874. A daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Hayne became the 50 HISTORICAL RFXORDS OF THFC wife of the late Ward Chipman Drury, the late wjll known registrar of deeds for the city and county of St. John His son, Major C. VV. Drury, of the Regiment of Canadian Artil- lery, served for some time in the present corps before receiving his permanent appointment. George F. Street, the first major, was a prominent figure in the politics of New Brunswick at this time. As a member of the * Family Compact ' he was strenuously opposed to Re- sponsible Government, and in 1837, while a member of the Executive Council, was entrusted by his colleagues with a secret mission to the Colonial office, having for its object the frustration of the schemes of the Reform Party. In this, most fortunately for the future good government of the pro- vince, he was unsuccessful. He was a son of Samuel Denny Street, who in 1781 was on service at Fort Howe, and afterwards settled in Sunbury County. Major Street was one of the principals in a celebrated duel fought on October 2nd, 182 1. On leaving court at Fredericton an altercation occurred between him and George Ludlow VVetmore, father of the late Mr. Justice Wetmore. A challenge followed, and the parties, accompanied by Lieutenant R. Davis of the 74th Regiment and John H. Winslow, met at Maryland Hill. The result was fatal to Mr Wetmore, and the surviving prin- cipal with the seconds fled from justice. They afterwards surrendered themselves and were tried on the 22 nd February following before Judge Saunders, when they were acquitted for want of sufficient proof of identity. John Saunders Shore was a son of George Shore, the adjutant-general. He afterwards went into the 24th Regiment, and on 13th January, 1849, was killed at Chillianwalla, a town of British India in the Punjab situated on the left bank of the N. I!. (lAI'-KISON AkriI.I.KRV. 51 river Jheliim, in a conflict between the liritish forces com- manded by Lord GoU(iH and an army of Sikhs under Shere Singh. An obelisk was erected at the place bearing the names of the officers and men who fell in the action. Of the St. John officers Gkorc.e Waterhury was a merchant on Nelson Street ; Robert Robertson was a sailmaker, and Charles J. Melick a tanner. The sword of lieutenant, after- wards Major Melick, was in the possession of the late Robert Reed, Esq. William Parker Ranney was of the firm of Ranney & Sturdee, wholesale wine merchants ; William Hughson was a merchant, and Fred A. Wiggins was a son of the benevolent founder of the Wiggins' Orphan Institution of St. John. The life of Stephen Kent Foster was so largely identified with the corps that it must be dealt with elsewhere. Newton Ward Wallop was a grandson of the veteran Major John Ward and son of Barton Wallop, a naval officer, grandson of the second Earl of Portsmouth. Newton Wallop and his brother Barton had a thrilling experience in their boy- hood to which an allusion was previously made. They acci- dentally caused the death of Daniel DeVoe, one of the signers of the first muster roll of the Artillery company. DeVoe had been in a company which served on the Royalist side in the American Revolution, and was commanded by John Ward, the grandfather of the boys. On the 13th June, 1 8 18, DeVoe, then an old man, was going to his home on King street, and in doing so had to pass the residence of Charles Ward where the lads were playing. They had dis- covered their uncle's horse pistols which he had left upon a table on returning from militia training. Not knowing that they were loaded they pointed them at each other and snapped the ^T mmmm 52 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE flints without effect. Barton, seeing the old man coming up the street, aimed at him and pulled the trigger, when the pistol went off and DeVoe fell dead. The lads were taken into custody and an inquest was held, which exonerated them. Captain Nicholson of the company which was long after- wards known by his name, was, to use the words of Mr. Robert Reed, *a sterUng man.' His daughter is Lady Ritchie, widow of the late Sir William J. Ritchie, who was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. Lieutenant John C. Allen, who afterwards became adjutant of the regi- ment, is now Sir John C. Allen, the honored Chief Justice of New Brunswick. He was born October i, 1817, of Loyalist descent, his grandfather having been Isaac Allen of Trenton, New Jersey, who was a judge of the Supreme Court of New Brunswick from its erection until his death in 1806. Sir John's life has been an active one. He was admitted to the bar of his native province in 1838, and rose rapidly, filling the offices of solicitor and attorney general, and eventually ob- taining a seat on the bench in 1865. Ten years later, on the promotion of Sir William J. Ritchie to the Chief Justice- ship of Canada, he became Chief Justice of New Brunswick, and in 1889 was knighted. At the time of the Papineau rebellion he was a bombardier and did garrison duty with his company. The annual dinner of St. George's Society at St. John in 1838, held on the day of the patron Saint, was an event of unusual importance, as it was the first sirxe the accession of Her Majesty to the throne. On the president rising to pro- pose the Sovereign's health a royal salute was fired by Captain Ranney's company from the King square. It was received with enthusiastic applause by the guests at the banquet which ;1 y Sir John C. Am.kn. (Chief Justice of New Ihunswick.^ ri N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 53 was given in the St. Jolin Hotel, then on the corner of King and Charlotte streets. A contemporary account of the celebration of the Queen's coronation, 28 June, 1838, says that *a volunteer company of artillery under the command of Lieutenants Foster and Wiggins paraded the streets with their field pieces, preceded by a band, and at nine o'clock went through their exercises on King square. At eleven o'clock the nth Regiment, then in garrison at St. John, under command of Colonel Goldie, and the Royal Artillery, under command of Captain Arm- strong, turned out in parade upon the Barrack Square, where, at the cordial invitation of Colonel Goldie, they were joined by the militia companies. At noon a royal salute was fired, and a feu de joie given in fine style ; and then the soldiers went through various evolutions admirably, while the regiment's excellent band played delightfully. There was a corporation dinner at six o'clock in the City Hall and a ball and supper at night in the St. John Hotel, which was well attended. On the Carleton side of the river royal salutes were fired in good style during the day.' 54 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE CHAPTER VI. 1839. The Aroostook War — Militia Galled Out— The Nova Scotia Legislature and the City of St. John vote Assistance — A Peaceful Solution — .Recollections of George F. Thompson — Story of a Sham Fight. TJTE have now arrived at a period in the history of this \J^ province when the maintenance of the rights of its inhabitants endangered the peace of the empire. Since the war of 181 2 a gradual change had taken place in the re- lations between New Brunswick and the neighboring State of Maine. At that time the influence of the New England States had been exerted against a rupture with Great Britain because of the kindly feelings which prevailed between the colonies and those states, but during the quarter of a century which followed that effusive protestation of friendship the aspect of affairs had materially changed. Our warmest neighbors had become our bitterest foes, while in Washington, where the Capitol had been burned by British soldiers, a more moderate and pacific tone prevailed. The cause of the rupture was one of the commonest in country districts— it was the old trouble about a line fence. In this case a was not, of course, the division line between farms, but states. For many years the State of Maine had claimed that their boundary lay further eastward than that admitted by the British government. The treaty of Paris, made in 1783, had divided the territories by a line drawn from the source of the St. Croix river to the " highlands dividing N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 55 the waters falling into the Atlantic from those emptying them- selves into the St. Lawrence." In 1798 a decision had been given favorable to the contention of Great Britain — that the Schoodiac river was the St. Croix of the treaty, but the situa- tion of the highlands remained undetermined. Upon the settlement of this question depended the ownership of a large tract of valuable timber land. For many years the mat- ter was debated in the Maine legislature, and session after session the feeling ran high. In 1831 the King of the Netherlands had, as arbitrator, given a decision, but the United States refused to be bound by the award. When the Papineau insurrection broke out, that rebel had the sympathy and support of many on the American side of the line, and nothing was asked but the most trivial pretext to warrant the people of Maine commencing hostilities. A community does not usually have long to wait for such a chance, and the ' Dis- puted Boundary' question, as it was called, was precipitated into the 'Aroostook war ' by a small event. In January, 1839, about. 150 men from Maine made a raid into the debatable country and seized some timber which had been cut by New Brunswick lumbermen. Instantly both countries were ablaze with a desire for war. McIntvre, the Maine land agent, and two men who were with him were seized and carried to the gaol at Fredericton. Governor Fairfield, of Maine, ordered the State militia to march forward. Major-General Sir John Harvey, governor of New Brunswick, issued a proclamation asserting the rights of Great Britain to occupy and preserve order in the territory until the dispute should be settled by some international arbitration. In moderate but earnest language he requested Governor Fairfield to withdraw his troops. This gentleman who seems to have been anxious to have a war a .■ ■ I ! 56 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE any cost answered Governor Harvey's demand by calling for more troops to the number of ten thousand men. Sir John acted promptly. He despatched ninety men of the 36th regi- ment then at Fredericton, under Colonel Maxwell, to Wood- stock. On 13th February a draft was ordered from the 1st and 2nd battalions of the Carleton county militia. A request for troops was sent to Sir John Colborne, the commander in Upper Canada. The militia of St. John volunteered ; the first to come forward being fifty men of the Highland company under Captain, afterwards the Hon. John Robertson. A draft was made on the militia in that city, one company of seventy- five men bieing taken from the ist battalion and another of equal strength from the rifle battalion. • These men did garrison duty during the absence of the regulars from the city. The regiment of Artillery volunteered its services which were ac- cepted by the following order : — Headquarters, Fredericton, 19th March, 1839. Militia General Order : — His Excellency the Lieutenant Governor and Commander- in chief, having accepted the voluntary offer of service of the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery, has been pleased to order into actual service one officer, two non-commissioned officers and nine gunners per company (together with the ad- jutant) at each of the following stations, viz. : Fredericton, Woodstock, Saint John and Saint Andrews. Lieutenant-Colonel Hayne will be pleased to take immedi- ate steps for carrying this arrangement into effect. By command, • - ■ ' ^ ' (Signed) George Shore, * * - Adjutant. N. B. C.ARKISON ARTILLKKV. 57 Next day this order was rescinded and a much larger num- ber called cut, as follows : Officers. N. C. O's. Men. At Fredericton, i 3 16 At Woodstock, 2 8 24 At St. John, I 6 33 At St. Andrews, i 2 12 The adjutant at headquarters, i 19 85 On the 23rd March a detachment of the Artillery consisting of one officer, five non-commissioned officers and sixteen gun- ners with two light 3-pr. militia guns and sufficient ammunition were ordered to proceed to Woodstock on the following Mon- day. This detachment was placed under the command of Major Stow, R. A. In this time of danger the people of New Brunswick had the hearty suppoit of the legislature of Nova Scotia, which voted ;^ 1 00,000 for assistance if needed. The assembly chamber resounded with cheers when this vote was given, which were re-echoed in the parliament buildings at Frederic- ton when the news of the generous act was received there. New Brunswick placed all her revenues at the disposal of the governor. The City of St. John voted ;^ 1,000 for the main- tenance of the families of the volunteers while the militia were at their posts. Sir John Colbornk responded promptly sending the nth Regiment under Colonel (jOldie. The troops were drawn up on the frontier awaiting the signal for combat. But Sir John Harvey was a diplomat as well as a soldier, and despite the blusterings of the great Daniel Webster, the rep- resentations of the British minister at Washington swayed the policy of the administration toward peace. General W^infield 58 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE Scott, who had fought against Sir John Harvey at Lundy's Lane, was sent to the border to take command of the state troops. The two old opponents met, talked the matter over quietly, and as a result Governor Fairfield was compelled to withdraw his troops. The following order was issued upon the settlement of the dispute and the consequent withdrawal of the American forces : Woodstock, March 27th, 1839. Militia General Order :— The governor of the State of Maine having issued his orders for the immediate withdrawal of the armed militia force from the disputed territory, Major-General Sir John Harvey is happy to permit their return to their homes of the militia and volun- teer force of this province, of whose services he had felt it proper to avail himself during the late border differences; the arrangements for their disbandment will be promulgated in a militia general order. In making this communication the Major-General and Lieu- tenant-Governor desires to express to the whole of the provincial force now on duty the highest degree of satisfaction which he has derived from the reports which have been made to His Excellency of the general exemplary conduct, and particularly of the desire which has been very generally manifested by them to avail themselves of the opportunities which have been af- forded to them of gaining a knowledge of their military duties, under the instruction of officers and non-commissioned officers of Her Majesty's service — whose willing attention and unwearied patience in affording that instruction will, the Lieutenant-Gover- nor is persuaded, be gratefully recognized by the militia of that province. To Her Majesty's regular troops the Major-General tenders his sincere thanks for their general excellent conduct, and for the cheerfulness with which they have met the discom- forts and inconveniences inseparable from military movements in such a climate and in such a season of the year ; and the fact of their having continued in so perfectly healthy a state, the Major-General is justified in imparting wholly to N. 15. GARRISON' ARTILLKRV, 59 their uniform steadiness, sobriety and good conduct, and to their unshaken determination to do their duty to their Queen and country. The zeal, judgment and ability evinced by Lieutenant-Colonel Maxwell claim the Major-Cieneral's warmest thanks which he likewise begs to offer to the officers commanding corps and detachments — to the several officers in command of detached posts — to the staff and departmental officers, and to all who by their zealous exertions and excellent arrangements have con- tributed to the soldiers' comfort and efficiency, and subsecjuently to the promotion of the objects of the service for which the troops have been assembled. The Major-CJeneral cannot allow the force under Colonel GoLDiE to return to Canada without tendering to the Colonel and the officers and soldiers of the nth Regiment and Royal Artillery under his command, his cordial thanks for their zealous co-operation in a service which has subjected them to a long and arduous winter movement. By command, (Signed) Samuel Tryon, A. I). C. Thus by the prompt action and wise judgment of one man a war was averted which would have entailed much distress upon both countries, and whose results would, in all proba- bility, have affected the present generation. Mr. George F. Thompson, of Saint John, who had joined Barlow's company about 1834 or 1835, recalls the time when he was on duty on this occasion. The detachment from this company did three days garrison duty and was held ready for orders for a week afterwards. The three companies, Barlow's, Nicholson's and Ranney's were very strong, numbering at this time about four hundred men, all uniformed at their own expense. Mr. Robert Reed, another old artilleryman, also remembers that the three St. John companies agreed to do a fortnight's duty alternately. His, the Nicholson company, were marching down St. James • I :j ... 6e HISrORlCWL RF.rOKDS OF THE Street, on their way to the barracks, when a messenger bi'ought the word that ' the war was over.' They continued doing duty until the next day when they were discharged. At Fredericton both companies contributed to the service. Cai)tain Hmrtox, with twenty-five or thiity men, was .sent for- ward to Woodstock, where he remained for about two months, while Captair Shore's company did garrison duty in the bar- racks at Fredericton. 'The Woodstock company was, of course, on duty. By an ordf;r of 30th March, 1S39, all the volunteers were relieved from further duty, and this brief and bloodless campaign was closed. In closing the record of this year the following sketch of a sham fight, taken from the "Weekly Observer," a St. John newspaper of that period, may be considered appropriate and interesting. The following is the programme of the sham fight which took place on Tuesday last (12th November): The troops were formed in column of companies in King's square. The enemy was represented by three divisions of the 69th Regiment, three companies of militia and two companies of militia artillerv — the whole under the immediate command of Captain O'Halloran, 69th Regiment. In continuation of the manoeuvres performed on the ist instant, it was supposed that the right of the enemy's rear guard was in position covering their retreat and passage over the river on pontoons at Indiantown. The position taken up with this object was as follows : The right resting upon the heights rising in rear of the road passing by the ship yard to the short ferry, and flanked by the river ; their centre on the continuation of the ridge extending across the high road to Indiantown, occupying the vicinity of the church on the left of it in force ; their left resting on the small fir wood and ravine flanked by the morass which extends from the rear of Fort Howe in that direction. The enemy having an outpost on the heights of Fort Howe, and also a detached picquet in advance of their centre to watch the bridge of Portland and the roads leading ?N. v.. (.AURl-OX AKI'II.I.KRY. 6i thence to the city, and alxj ha\in^ viilettes on the higli ground above Portland to give infomuition of any movement in their front ; a i)ic(|uet was also sent a little in advance of the left to watch that part of the ravine which debouches on the morass. The attacking force, under tlie command of Major I^rookks of the 69th Regiment, advanced in two columns, the right by the road in rear of the Attorney (leneraTs house, to the pass leading to I'ort Howe After j)ossessing itself of this, and leaving a division to attack the heights in front, it proceeded under cover of the broken ground and the wood to the left of the Kennebeccasis road, to gain a passage at the head of the morass. 'I'his having been effected, it continued to skirt the opposite side of the morass till it arrived where the Indiantown mill-stream em])ties itself, when it halted. The left column proceeded by Union street to the head of Port- land Pridge, When the skirmishers of the right colunui commtnt^ed their attack on the enemy's outj)osts on the heights, the left passed the bridge, driving back the enemy's pic([uet, which, after exchanging a few shots with the skirmishers, retired. The column then [proceeded up the main street of Portland until it arrived at the point where it is intersected by the road leading to the river and that leading up to Fort Howe, where it divided, one division of it being detached and posted on the lower road running parallel with the river, near the shipyards, the others remaining in rear of the buildings to the left of the high road to Indiantown. When the skirmishers of the right column had possessed themselves of the heights of Fort Howe, ca])tured the guns planted there, and turned them on the enemy, the left commenced a sharp skirmish with the enemy, and drove them back from the shipyards and buildings in front of their position. Having succeeded in this, it then attempted to force the right and centre of the position, but this attack, from the heavy fire of the Artille- and nmscjuetry and the natural strength of the ground, dia not succeed ; the attacking party falling back followed by the enemy to the ground they occupied previous to the attack, which they maintained. The attack on the right and centre having failed, the right column (which had now arrived on the extreme ^left of the enemy), after crossing the mill-stream commenced a 62 msTOklCAI, KKCOKDS OK TFIK vigorous attack upon it, and iiaving gained [)()ssession of the fir wood and crossed the head of the ravine, turned the position, and continued the attack by echelon movement to their right, gained the high road and cut off the retreat of the enemy from their supposed |)ontoon bridge at Indiantown. In the meantime the le^'t cohmin having made dispositions pre- paratory to a renewed attack upon the centre and right, which it commenced as soon as it was perceived that the enemy's left had been turned, and after a severe contest it gained the heights and captured the enemy's guns, who being thus de- feated and cut off from the main body fell back on the ridge in rear of the grave yard, and their whole force being thrown on the peninsula formed by the bend of the river, and without the means of escape, surrendered. N. 11. C.ARKISON ARTII.I.F.RV. 63 CHAl'TER VII. 1 840- 1 843. Declhw of the Ohl Militi(( Systcni — Ceh^hrtitiun of the Queen's Mar- riiuje — OpentiKj of the Mechank'x' Institute — Jubilee of the Artillery — Addresti to Major Ward — His liephj — Sketch of his Life. y-i_'HIS chapter opens with the year in which began the de- Vy cadence of the old miUtia system of the province — a * system which had few merits and ahnost innumerable defects. Yet it served the necessity of the times fairly well, and for many years after its growing inadefjuacy had been recognized it kept a place in the affairs of the country for want of a better substitute. Like all things which become obsolete its decline was gradual, and the history of the transition from it to the succeeding system must be postponed to a later chapter. Suffice it to say here that the end had begun. The year 1840 witnessed the promotion of Lieutenant John C. Allkn to the adjutancy, and the addition to the regiment of Captain Mowatt's com{)any of Charlotte county artillery. In July of this year an almost triumphal reception was ac- corded to the new governor-general, Right Hon. C. P. Thomp- son. He was received with a salute of nineteen guns from the Royal Artillery, and passed through the assembled trades on Prince William street. A portion of the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery was stationed on the King square, and fired a salute as His Excellency entered the court house. He afterwards reviewed the militia from the St. John Hotel, then 64 HISTOkK Al, KKCORDS OF THE kept by the Messrs. ScAMMi-.i.r,. On !romotion of Lieutenant S. K. Vos- riik. My some oversight no (juartermaster had yet been aj)- jxjinted to the new regiment but I'^. H. l'i:ri;KS was gazetted to the j)Osition on 26th April. Lieutenant-Colonel Havni'. was a!)poinied j)rovincial A. L\ ('. to I lis Ikrto\, deceased, in the cai)taincy of the ctjmpany at I'Yedericton. On Thursday, 12th August, the ist Battalion of city militia under Lieutenant-Colonel Pktkrs, and the three St. John companies of the Regiment of Artillery commenced the annual training. On the following Tuesday the inspection took jjlace, and a set of handsome colois was |)resented to the ist bat- talion. The drill served as good preparation for the pleasing duty which a |)ortion of the artillery had next to perform. His I'^xcellency Sir Wrr.i.iA.M Coleijkooke and suite landed at Indiantown about eight o'clock on the i6th August, and we»^e received by Ca{)tain Foster's Artillery comj)any and the Irisl'i Royals, under Captain Drurv, as a guard of honor. As the governor left the >teamer the Portland militia band struck uj) the National Anthem and the artillery fired the customary N. 15. OARKISON ARTILLERY. 65 salute. On arriving at the St. lohn hotel His Excellency was received by a guard of honor of the 36th Regiment, and another salut was fired by ('aptain Roukktson's Artillery company which was stationed on the King .S([uare. The birth of the Pkinck of Walks was celebrated on the 8th J)ecember by the Royal troops firing a salute, but the newsi)a{)ers do not state whether tliere was any demonstration by tile militia. On the 17th August of the next year a bazaar and exhibition was held in the Mechanics' Institute under the patronage of i,a1y (JoLKi!k()(;Ki;. U[K)n the ojjening an address was read by Vice-President Jack and Sir William read an answer on behalf of Lady Oolkhkooki:. As Her Ladyship entered the hall a royal salute was fired by a detachment of the artillery under Major Nicholson, and the National Anthem was played by the band of the 30th Regiment. It is interesting to note that among the articles exhibited were working models of a steam engine i)rojected by Lfavis W. Dukanj' and manuf^ic- tured by him and Jamks (). Mklk k. The exhibition was on (|uite a large scale for those days. It aspired to the dignity of a picture gallery in which the i)lace of honor was assigned to the portrait of Major War' In September of this year Major Lock's comj)any of Royal Artillery, then at St. John, was relieved by a detachment under ('aptain Tuitk. On the 12th of the month the St. John divisic^n of militia artillery assembled for drill. The next year's militia orders show ('marlks J. Mklick to have succeeded to the command of the old comi)any of 1793, which was about to celebrate its jubilee. The orders also note that in August the New Brunswick Regiment of A.rtillery subscrib'ed the sum of ^9 toward the rebuilding of the ~ ' ■ " IWII B 66 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THK monument to Sir Isaac Brock. This year was destined to be ever memorable in the history of our corps. Though since that time the records of its early history have been almost entirely destroyed by the many terrible fires which have de- vastated the City of St. John, yet the celebration of the i8th of May of that year has put beyond all doubt the fact that the original company had maintained a continuous existence. For some time previous to that loyal anniversary paragraj)hs appeared in the St. John newspapers intimating that the day would be especially commemorated in connexion with the Artillery company and its only surviving officer, Major Ward. The events of the day can better be related by the following extract from the St. John "Courier" of the 20th May, than by any paraphrase made by one who has no other knowledge of the time : Landing of thk Loyalists. THE fiftieth ANNIVERSARY OF THE FORMATION OF THE First Artillery Company. Thursday, the i8th May, being the day appointed by our good and loyal citizens for celebrating the above anniversary — the morn was ushered in by a salute on King square, and by the displaying of the " Union and Cross " on the various build- ings and -shipping in the harbor, the sun shone forth in unclouded splendor — not a cloud intervened to darken the approaching festivities — every heart beat high in anticipation of the events, and all seemed to hail the commemoration of so memorable an occasion with feelings of pleasure, satisfaction and enjoyment. The uniform companies of our gallant militia were on the field at eleven o'clock precisely, under the command of their respective officers, who seemed to vie with each other in the neatness of their military costumes and the regularity and cor- rectness of he movements of their men. At twelve o'clock an address was delivered by Major Nichol- son, of the New Brunswick Artillery, to Major Ward, the Father of the city, and who is now the oldest of thp.t " noble N. 15. GARRISON AkTIM.KRY. 67 band" who, with others, sacrificed all for their principles, their king and country which address was nobly resjjonded to by the gallant major. I"'rom thence the troops proceeded to the (^ueen s([uare where a salute of fifty guns was fired with ad- mirable precision by the artillery companies — after which they proceeded on their march round the city -thence to King S(|uare, where a royal salute was fired and the troops dismissed, after conducting themselves with credit to their commanders and with honor to the day. Immediately after the conclusion of the above ceremonies, by invitation of the venerable gentleman addressed, the officers of the Nev^' Hrunswick Regiment of Artillery partook of a very handsome luncheon at his residence. In the evening a splendid ball took j)lace at the St. John hotel, where all the pride, beauty and loyally of the city were assembled, and where the youth of both sexes amused them- selves till a late hour. We must not omit to mention the brilliant display of *' fireworks " which was exhibited to the admiring spectators on King's s(iuare during the evening, and which reflects great credit on the projectors. The following is a co[)y of the address alluded to above with Major VV^\Rl)'s reply : Sir: - Saint John, May 18th, 1843. Assembled for the purpose of celebrating the Sixtieth Anni- versary of the Landing of the Loyalists in this province, and the fiftieth of the formation of the first (or Loyal) Company of Artillery, now embodied in the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery, we, the officers of that corps in St. John, gladly avail ourselves of the occasion to express the sentiments of high res[)ect entertained towards you by our regiment and in which we feel assured every member of this community par- ticipates. Deservedly beloved and esteemed as you have ever been by all rcmnd you throughout the course of a life already extended beyond the ordinary span all )tted to mortals, we claim you with pride as one of the first officers of the corjjs to which we have now the honor to belong ; and we hail you at the same 68 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE time as one of the few survivors of that j^'allant hand, who — surrendering all save the undying honor of their sacrifice — fol- lowed the standard of their Sovereign to these shores, and whose landing we this day commemorate. That health and pros[)erity may yet long be yours, and h at the evening of your tlays may he as free from a cloud as your past life has been unspotted is the sincere desire of the corps in whose behalf we have the honor to subscribe ourselves. With great respect, Sir, Your obedient servants, T. L. Nicholson, Major N. K R. A. J.\MEs William liovo, Captain and Paymaster. Stephen K. 1'oster, Captain. Ei)\v. B. Peters, Lieut, and Quartermaster. Chas. C. Stewart, I St Lieutenant. William Hikwlson, Captain. Charles J. Melick, Captain. Wm. Wrk;hi\ I St 1 ieutenant. N. W. Wallop, Lieutenant. Lewis W. Dl'rant, Lieutenant, To John Ward, Esquire, J, P., Major, etc. [Reply]. To Major Nicholson and the officers at St. John of the New Brunsivick, Regiment of Artillery: Gentlemen — Your address revives early recollections of a most thrilling nature. Nearly seventy years now have passed since first I joined the standard of my country as a British soldier. 1 most cheer- fully consented to every sacrifice to maintain the rights of my Sovereign, the being of the Constitution and when it pleased that Sovereign to suspend the struggle, I yielded to the event, retaining my allegiance— and sixty years have now ela|)sed since we first erected the standard of loyalty in this place, and the corps that you now represent was soon after embodied, — a corps whose high character for efficiency and discipline is so imI |r- y fed a Majou John Wakd. ko II r- c H A p ri: R VIII. 1844 -1859. ^fllH^('r Dmis — Drilling on the Flats — Major FcKsfcr — Colonel Ilayne hccoiiics AilJHhDit-dcuoral — Dt'hatf on Militia Iaih' — lis Fonucr J'roi'isivH.s — I'niforia Comj)anii}i — llct/inniiifj of lic-oryanization. HIS was an era of profound peace, and for years it seemed unnecessary to many persons that militia training should be kept up. But despite the lack of encouragement from the government, which year by year withdrew its support from the militia system, and despite the growing indifference of the people to its welfare, the regiment kept its ranks fairly well recruited. It is true that the artillery did not drill many days in each year, but it is ecjually true that whenever their services were reciuired for the celebration of an anniver- sary, especially that of their Loyalist forefathers, they were ready and willing to respond. That the corps of which we are so proud has a century of history to which we can point to-day, is the best possible tribute to that officer by whose exertions it was kept alive. To Lieutenant-Colonel Foster is due the credit of having by his personal influence and example, at a time when regiment after regiment of militia was dying out, maintained in some efficiency a portion of the old regiment, sufficiently strong to preserve the organizations of 1793 and 1838 until they were placed upon a firmer basis in i860. The reader must expect but .little from these days, and be surprised rather because there is a record at all, than at the meagreness of the one which is presented. i\. n. GARRISON ARTII-LKRV. 73 On 5th July, 1844, Captain John C. Ai.t.kn was appointed a provincial aid-decamp. In these times the Kiedericton com- pany always fired a salute at the opening and closing of the legislature, and in dealing with this period it is to be particu- larly remembered that during the whole of it, and for years afterwards, a company was available for this purpose. In Septem- ber of the following year Colonel Havnk left Fretlericton en route to ICngland whither he was called on business connected with the Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Land Company. On the same morning (29th Se[;tember) Captain Poui.den's detachment of the Royal Artillery also left Fredericton and Captain Bi:rton's company of the N. B. Regiment turned out and gave them a farewell salute. In 1846 there was quite a number of promotions and appoint- ments. Among them was that of Rohkrt Rked, of St. John, who became second lieutenant in the Nicholson company, then under command of Captain William Hughson. Mr. Reed had been in the corps for many years and up to his death had a vivid recollection of the old days. He recalled the times in the early '40's when the companies used to cross over to the Carleton shore in scows and go down to the Manawagonish road for their training. In 1839, as before stated, he was on garrison duty in St. John during the Aroostook war. At this time the artillery had two light 6-pr. guns. They drilled in the open air, generally abou*^ King square, which was then a common of very uninviting appearance. This drill would continue for three days after which the muster took place on the sands at Courtenay Bay. The selection of the day for the muster was always governed by the tide, it being arranged that the militia should leave King square about the time that the tide began to ebb. When the soldiery reached their parade IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 4 ///// ^^ v^J^ 1.0 1.1 128 u^ 122 12.2 12.0 u L25 mu 11.6 <,%. &%k ">lv-'^ T /^ y 4^ 4^ '9)^ Cs if 4l. E? tl 74 HISTORICAL RKCORIXS OF THE the flats were quite dry and in beautiful condition for march- ing. Training day was in the nature of a fete to the people of the little city. The country people drove in and the city people drove out. Booths were erected and a thriving business done in all kinds of refreshments. Old women with shrivelled faces set up their apple stands, old men whose days of train- ing were long past extolled the attractions of their wares in quavering voices. Boys rushed about pell-mell, and tumbled over everybody in their anxiety to get the best possible view of all that was going on. Wives, sisters, mothers and sweet- hearts, sought the sandy slopes beyond the Marsh, each be- lieving that her representative in the ranks was the finest soldier of them all. They were merry, merry days, and we cannot but feel a touch of sadness when the old men of to- day relate these bright experiences of their boyhood. The sun seems to have shone more brightly, the grass was greener, the waters were more careless, and the world was happier in those days of old than it is in this more progressive but sterner age of terrible reality. There were no World's Fairs then, but when the stock of provisions had been consumed, the bugles had sounded and the boys in blue and scarlet were marching home again, the stimulus of liquid refreshment raised many a volunteer and many a spectator to the summit of human bliss. There were no more worlds to conquer, and when the crowd returned to the city which had been unguarded in their absence, a night of jollification ensued. Such were the Muster Days. The annual inspection of 1846 was held on 20th May. In the next year Captain Thomas B. Wilson was appointed provincial aid-de-camp. On the laying of the corner stone of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum at St. John, in 1847, ^ salute N. B. OARRISON ARTILLERY. 75 >' was fired by a company of artillery under Major Nicholson, In 1848 Colonel Hayne became assistant adjutant-general in the place of Lieutenant-Colonel W. H. Robinson, who had died shortly before. The death of Major Thomas L. Nicholson occurred in this year, and the vacancy thus caused was filled by the promotion of Captain S. K. Foster to the majority. Mr. G. Sidney Smith, of St. John, remembers the funeral of Major Nicholson, at which he says the artillery was present under Captains Foster, Melick, Wright and Stewart. The "Courier" of 19th May, 1849, contains the following account of the celebration of the sixty-sixth anniversary of the landing of the Loyalists, which had been observed on the pre- vious day : — "The anniversary of the landing of the Loyalists in this city in 1783 was celebrated yesterday. Flags were to be seen floating from the dwellings of many of the descendants of the loyalists and from other conspicuous situations, and some of the vessels in the harbor were bedecked with their colors. The St. John companies of the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery fired a royal salute at noon and marched through the streets preceded by one of the amateur bands playing some lively airs. In the evening Queen's square and its environs were crowded by a dense mass of people to witness a display of fireworks. The exhibition exceeded anything of the kind ever seen here, and was grand and beautiful in the extreme, and reflected great credit upon all concerned in getting it up. The committee of management were Major S. K. Foster, of the Artillery ; Captain T. E. G. Tisdale, City Rifles, and Mr. John Sears, all descendants of the first settlers of St. John." The annual muster of this year was held on the 9th Octo- ber. The 1 8th of May of the next year was observed by the firing of a salute and a display of fire works on the Queen's square similar to that of the previous year. There were several promotions in 1849, among them that r^ 76 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE 11 1 ill! of Lieutenant Fred A. Wiggins to be paymaster vice Boyd, resigned. Much dissatisfaction was afterwards caused by the granting of rank to this officer, which, it was claimed, was unjust to those who had done more work than he. The mat- ter was adjusted, but not until the interest of several officers in the regiment was destroyed. In 1 85 1 Colonel Hayne became adjutant-general of the province upon the death of Lieutenant-Colonel the Honorable George Shore, which occurred on i8th May. Though not an officer of our regiment, yet the record of Lieutenant- Colonel Shore is so thoroughly identified with the militia system of New Brunswick thiat a slight digression may be pardoned, in extracting from the '* Courier " of May 24th of that year the notice of his death. It is as follows : "On the afternoon of Sunday last Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. George Shore expired at his residence in this city (Fredericton) after an illness of three days duration. Colonel Shore came to this province in 1804 — was an officer in the 104th Regiment, and marched at the head of the light com- pany of that corps to Canada in 18 13, where he served dur- ing the continuance of the last American war. After returning from Canada, Colonel Shore was appointed A. I). C. and private secretary to the late General Smythe, then governor of the province, and subsequently, at different periods, filled the offices of auditor-general and surveyor-general. In 1825 Colonel Shore was permanently appointed to the office of clerk of the pleas in the Supreme Court, which office he continued to hold up to the time of his death. The de- ceased was also at one time inspecting officer of militia, and was afterwards appointed adjutant-general, which office he held at the time of his decease. Besides filling in turn, with credit to himself and satisfaction to the country, the offices which we have already enumerated, the deceased was more than once an executive adviser of the crown, and for many years had a seat in the legislative council of the province." * * * * m (7 N. H. C.ARRISON ARTILLKRY, 77 The funeral of Colonel Shore was strictly private. The 29th September, 1852, was an eventful day in the his- tory of New Brunswick, being the occasion of the signing of the contract for the building of the line of railway from St. John to Amherst, and also from St. John to the American frontier. The contract was signed at St. John at 12 o'clock, noon, of that day, and the volunteer artillery, under command of Major Foster, fired a salute from Chipman's Hill. There was a somewhat acrimonious debate over the intro- duction of a new militia bill in the House of Assembly on the 24th March, 1853. 'I'hough the bill was offered in compliance with royal instructions, yet it was ridiculed by some of the members, and apparently misunderstood. The House had no sympathy with a militia system. But one branch of that sys- tem had still some life in it, for we find that the 18th of May of that year, being the seventieth anniversary of the landing of the loyalists, was observed in the usual manner by a salute from the 'New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery. On the 14th September there was a great demonstration in the city of Saint John in honor of the turning of the sod of the „ European and North American Railway, for the building of which the contract had been signed in the previous year. The day was ushered in by a salute from the artillery, and at ten o'clock the streets were crowded by a throng of people. Half an hour later one of the great old time trades processions be- gan to move through the city First came a body of citizens on horseback, then a company of the New Brunswick Artillery ; the marshals ; the president and directors of the Mechanics' Institute ; the trades ; Common Council ; fire companies ; jus- tices of the peace ; millmen ; men of the Black Ball Line of Liverpool Packets ; pilots ; Freemasons and many others ; in W .IIH 78 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE all upwards of 5,000 persons. The procession was nearly a mile in length. The artillery fired a salute when the first sod was raised by Lady Hi:ai), wife of the Lieut^nant-Ciovernor, and deposited in an elegant wheelbarrow. At this, the transition period from the old to the new sys- tems of organization of the militia, it may be well to briefly review the provisions of the militia laws of the time. Refer- ence has previously been made to the law in force at the time of the formation of the Colville company, which, how- ever, was changed from time to time. There seemed for many years to be a feeling against having a permanent militia law on the principle which has always been urged against standing armies. Whether or not that was the true reason, it is a fact that the law was frequently enacted, the provisions of the acts varying but very little. At length, in 1825, acts relating to the militia were consolidated. All male residents of the pro- vince from sixteen to sixty years of age were rendered liable to militia service in battalions to be formed in each county. Where the counties were sufficiently populous more than one battalion might be formed. The company was the unit, and each was to consist of not more than sixty rank and file under one captain and two subalterns. The exemptions were mem- bers of the Legislative Council and House of Assembly, established clergymen, licensed ministers of the gospel, all persons exercising civil or military commissions under the crown ; officers on half pay, supernumerary militia officers then in commission ; officers of customs, revenue and naval officers; physicians and surgeons, licensed to practice as such ; one miller to each grist mill, and one ferryman to each established ferry, and Quakers who had been members of that sect for one N. IS. C.AKKISON ARTll.l.KKV. n year. Nearly all of these exempts were lial)le to service in case of actual invasion. Provision was made for drilling regiments or battalions one day in each year, and battalions were to be drilled by companies twice during that period. To assist in the administration adjutants and sergeant-majors of battalions received a small money grant annually. E.\emj)ts, except ferrymen, had to pay a tax of ten shillings per year, and there was also a license upon aliens. When drafts for actual service were made they were confined to persons be- tween eighteen and fifty years of age and volunteers were to be accepted without draft. The commander-in-chief was given power to establish artillery and sea fencible companies, and to direct the mode of drilling them. In cases of emergency which might render the services of the artillery more necessary than others, the oflficer commanding any regiment or battalion in which there might be an artillery company was authorized to call out the whole or part of such company though the number so called out might exceed the proportion of men which the company was liable to furnish. As stated before the Artillery company at St. John was al- ways uniformed. In 1827 an act was passed for the encourage- ment of this and other uniform companies. In after years membership in these companies became quite a privilege as they kept up regular drill and the members were fairly well instructed. All who did not join the companies were called out for one or two days drill each year, and from their ignor- ance of squad drill were termed the ' flat feet.' Those belonging to uniform companies acted as instructors of the others and always had much fun with the amusing blunders of the raw recruits. In 1839 provision was made for the establishment of battal- u HfSTORlCAL RECORDS OF THK ions of Artillery and Sea Fencibles, but in the case of the Artillery a regiment had been formed in the previous year. In 1851 owing to great opposition on the part of the people who were drilled as ' flat feet ' many provisions of the militia law were suspended for that year. When the statutes were re- vised in 1854 the whole militia law was consolidated without alteration, and the sections of the old acts which had been sus- pended vere further suspended until 1856, it being provided that the Commander-in-Chief might by proclamation revive these sections or any portion of them. The suspended portions of the law, however, applied only to that branch of the militia which is now designated as the * Reserve.' Chapter 82 of the Revised Statutes which dealt exclusively with the Artillery and Sea Fencible companies was not suspended, and the keeping of a militia force was always sanctioned. The portions of the acts suspended dealt with the imposition of penalties for non- attendance at drill and similar vindicatory provisions of the law. That this construction of the law is correct is amply proved by the act of the Lieutenant-Governor, Hon. J. H. T. Manners Sutton, who, in 1859, without issuing a proclama- tion accepted the services of several volunteer companies. During the period of suspension some commissions were issued and among them one dated 18th April, 1855, to Sergeant- Major Thomas Paisley as second lieutenant in the Artillery company at Fredericton. As before stated the Fredericton company always fired a salute at the opening and closing of the legislative session. Of course, it is not pretended for one moment that there was a thoroughly organized and well disci- plined body of men continuously existing as the New Bruns- wick Regiment of Artillery, but what can be successfully proved is, that one or more companies had an existence during this N. n CAkRISOX ARTII.LKRY. 8l period of inactivity; that on many piiljlic occasions they assisted in their capacity of an artillery force, and that, when vigorous re- cruitincx f>tgan again in 1859, some of the old officers retained commaiid of their companies while the appointment f)f new officers was, in many cases, recognized in general orders as being in substitution for others who retired. ^ One of the last incidents in which the St. John Artillery took jjart, during the period with which this chapter deals, was the celebration on September ist, 1858, consecjuent on the successful laying of the Atlantic cable. After the Crimean war there was a very enthusiastic volun- teer mov«;men: in luigland which has continued with increasing strength to the present time, resulting in one of the finest forces of modern times. The inception of the system seems to have attracted the attention of Major-(ieneral Sir Fknwick Williams, who, on IcMving England in 1859 to assume command of the forces in the North American provinces, suggested a scheme of defence for the colonies based on similar princi[)les. The Duke of Newcastle, then Colonial Secretary, wrote to the Lieutenant (.iovernor of New Brunswick expressing a desire that he might confer with General Williams whose views had the sanction and concurrence of the home government. In cori- seciuence of this recjuest it was intimated that the services would be accepted of such companies as might volunteer, and in the summer of 1859 the work of instructing the militia was recommended, and has been continued to the present time. :.'..-■ "\''i}, i 82 HISTORICAI, KKCORDS OK TIIK CHAPTER IX. 1859. Ofirs of Scriu'vp Accepted — Many Xeir OlJIcers—Ca/ttdin Mmmt's Work The CoIriUc Comjxiny Continued — \ew Conijtinn'es in Cnrleton and Portland — Other Comj)anie» — A Xew Uniform Adopted — A Hei'iew — The Prince of Walen Expected. TN his despatch to the Duke of Newcasti.k, dated 9th Decern. X her, 1859, Lieutenant-Governor Manneks-Si'tton stated that the revival of the mihtia acts l)y proclamation would have necessitated the calling out of the whole aljle-bodied population of the province, which would be an unnecessary interference with industry. No such objection could be urged against his acceptance of the spontaneous offer of any portion of the several regiments of militia to volunteer in companies for drill and exercise, under command of the officers of their respective regiments. He had applied for and received from Lieutenant-Governor Sir Fenwick Williams, in command at Quebec, three thousand stand of rifles with accoutrements, which were stored at St. John. In that city four companies of the artillery had volunteered ; their services had been ac- cepted, and they would be instructed in rifle practice and drill. Adjutant-General Hayne's report, dated 12th January, i860, a copy of which was also transmitted, showed the state of the artillery to be as follows : Counties. York, Queens, St. John, No. of Companies completely formeil. No. in course of formation. I I 3 \. n. C.ARRISON ARTIMKRV. 83 I'hc companies in St. John and Krcderirton were then being drilled by their own offieers and non commissioned officers. A suhsecjuent report of lolh March showed that the company was still being formed at Fredericton ; that five win J. Wetmork and Okor(;k J. Stackhousk, lieutenants, which was subse(|uently designated as 'No. 2,' and is now the Carle- ton company. They drilled in the u[)j)er rooms of a store on South Rodney wharf and exercised on the wharf with their guns. The superintendent of ferries of St. John, Mr. H. Adam Gi.ascow, was one of the first sergeants of the company. In January, i860, Lieutenant Pick became caj)tain of No. i and I'RANcis Lansdowne succeeded to a lieutenancy, while in Portland Hurd Peters as captain, wifeh Alexander Rankin and James Kirk, raised a new company which is still in existence as *No. 3.' They organized in the fire engine house on Simonds street, and from thence removed to the Madras school building where St. Peter's church now stands. The company afterwards occupied the Portland temperance hall. They had two 3-pr. guns from the barracks and were supplied with Enfield Snider rifles. Another company was also formed in Portland under Captain Richard Simonds and Lieutenant W. RooERS, principally from the men of Protector No. 2 Engine Company. They drilled for some time, but eventually most of the members went into one of the infantry companies then being raised, and Captain Simonds' company ceased to exist. 86 HISTORICAL KICCOKDS OK THK In the same month Lewis Durant of the Colville company became its captain ; second lieutenant James G. Melick was promoted to the first lieutenancy and Thomas Coke Humbert was also gazetted as lieutenant. In February the Woodstock company, known as No. 5, was re-organized with James Eu(;Ak, captain ; William Skillen and Edward D. Watts lieutenants. Another company, afterwards known as No. 7, at Chatham, Northumberland County, was organized in March with James C. E. Carmichael, captain, Elijah Parsons and Thomas F. Gillp:spie, lieutenants ; while at Gagetown J. Warren Travis, captain, Fred. Lundrine Knox and Willia' , Frost, lieu- tenants, added another to the roll. Yet another company was formed in the ney nonth of this year. It was a second company in Carleton, ^t. John, with John McLauchlan, captrin, Richard Newell Knight and Thomas Mitchell McLachlan, lieutenants. The numbers by which these companies are referred to were not given at the time of formation and do not appear in any ofificial list In fact the question of priority was one of considerable doubt and may in some sense be even yet considered an open question. As stated previously, the commissions of all the regimental and many of the company officers remained in force though active work had not been carried on for a few years. In Fredericton a company always fired a salute at the opening and closing of the legislature and in St. John any public celebration was gen- erally accompanied by a salute. Yet the Colville company was not in a position to take up drill without recruiting and it does not appear that Captain Charles J. Melick made any active effort to begin the work. His accession to the majority afforded an opportunity for younger blood to make the neces- sary effort but time was thereby lost, and Captain Pick's com- N. n. HARRISON ARTILLKRV 87 f pany was undoubtedly in an efficient state before any other. But even then the claim was made by Captain Durant and his successor, Captain James G. Melick, that they were the heirs of the CoLviLUi company, and though the authorities at a subsequent time chose to designate Captain Pick's company as No. I and that of Captain Durant as No. 3, their decision does not appear to have been based upon historical claims but rather upon the order in which the rolls were forwarded. It is to be noted that the numbfring is not used in any official reports. The result of a great deal of investigation given to this subject shows that the Durant company was beyond doubt the lineal successor of the Colviele company. The guns of the St. John artillery at this time were 3-prs. and were kept in a barn on King street east about opposite, to the gymnasium. They were under the charge of Major Melick. The use of these guns by the older organizations is recalled by John R. Marshall, still living, who from 1862 to 1890 was chief of the St. John police force. About 1830 he joined Captain Barlow's company when Geor{;e Watekkurv, Rob- ert Robertson and Charles J. Melick were lieutenants, and rose through the' ranks of bombardier, corporal and sergeant to a lieutenantcy ir» 1848. When he joined the company James G. Melick and Lewis Durant were sergeants. Drill was carried on in the old fire engine house then on Dock street, and the two 3-pr. guns were kept in the battery at Lower Cove. On his appointment to a lieutenantcy he was transferred to Wright's company of which, as we have seen, he afterwards became captain. They drilled principally on the King square and afterwards in the Mechanics' Institute, and had sixty stand of rifles which were kept in Captain Marshall's house, in rear of St. John's (Stone) Church. In 1862 the rifles 88 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE were sent away and the company did not re-enrol under the new militia act of that year. Captain Marshall took j)art in the coronation salute of one hundred guns in 1838, which was fired from King square. A meeting of the officers of the regiment was held on the evening of the 26th Aj)ril, i860, at No. 3 Engine house, Lieu- tenant-Colonel Fostkr in the chair, at which the ([uestion of uniform was discussed. That originally agreed upon for officers and men was the shell jacket and trousers similar to the undress of the Royal Artillery, but some of the officers were opposed to this, contending that for the officers, at least, the uniform should be a tunic or frock coat. After a long dis- cussion the first idea prevailed, and the dress chosen was a dark blue jacket trimmed red ; trousers with red stripe down the side ; forage cap with red band for privates and non-com- missioned officers, and a gold band for officers. It was voted that the regiment should fire salutes on the i8th and 24th ot May of that year should they be then in j)Ossession of their guns. The boys must have got their guns in time, for the salutes were duly fired, and a newspaper item states that there was a muster of one of the companies on the 24th, the mem- bers of which looked very well in their new uniforms. The recollections of Mr. Ckorcie F. Thompson, of Mar- shall's company, on the subject of uniforms are (juite in- teresting. He purchased his uniform cap, shell jacket and gold laced trousers for ^25 from McKenzie, the King street tailor, who was afterwards cruelly murdered in the Little River tragedy. His sword and belts cost him ^15 more. The uniform previously worn, said Mr. Thompson, consisted of a jacket with two short tails. Underneath the jacket there was a hook with a curve slightly protruding to hold the belts, ^^„ ! rf^T \. a C.ARKISON ARTILLERY. 89 which were two inches wide. The sea fencibles used artillery guns. Their uniform was a blue cloth round-about jacket with white duck trousers and a glazed cap. The rank of officers in those days was distinguished by epaulets, the lieutenants wearing one and captains two. One or two items gleaned from the newspapers of the day must bring this chapter to a close: "On the evening of May 31st several companies of the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery belonging to the city and Portland were inspected on the Barrack Square by Major- Oeneral Trollope. The companies were drawn up in line by Captain and Adjutant Mount. The lieutenant-colonel com- manding the district placed himself in front, and on the arrival of the general and his suite, received him with the customary honors. The general, after reviewing the companies, addressed the colonel, officers and men in a pleasant and appropriate manner, concluding with the hope that on the arrival of the Prince of Wales the part which the artillery should bear in his reception would not only do credit to themselves and their noble province, but to this city." " On the evening of May 30th two companies of artillery on the West Side, under the command of Captains Adams and McLauchlan, turned out and paraded through the various streets in Carleton, the men made an excellent appearance, and marched with a precision and regularity that would have been creditable to a body of soldiers of the line. Previous to their marching they were inspected by Lieutenant-Colonel Foster. After considerable marching and counter marching they escorted the Lieutenant-Colonel to the ferry boat where they were drawn up in line and addressed by the Colonel, — who complimented them on the appearance they made, and upon the proficiency they had made in their drill. The men then marched back to the armory and soon after dispersed." There was also an inspection at the Barrack square on June I St, by Major-General Trollope, at which the artillery and city volunteer companies were present. 90 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THP: I I. So began the later history of the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery, bright with earnestness and full of endeavor, and though the incidents which follow may be less thrilling than those which precede them, yet credit must be given for the motives which gave rise to this activity. For, strange to say, while a threatened war with France in the early days of our province evoked the military ardor of her inhabitants, to the same cause may be ascribed the great volunteer movement in the mother country which spread to our land with the result which has been related. \. R. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 91 CHAPTER X. . i860. Vixit of the Prince of Wales— licccption at Saint John — The Artillery under Captains Diirant, Pick, Peters, McLanchlan, Adams and Travis take Part — Major Carter in Command — An Inspection. ^"^HREE signal guns rapidly fired from the Fort at Partridge y^ Island about half past nine o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 2nd August, i860, announced the arrival of H. M. S. Styx in the outer harbor, and opened the greatest /efe ever held in St. John. The vessel bore His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, and an eager multitude anticipated with loyal interest the first welcome to the Province of an heir apparent to the British throne. Not since the visit of the Duke of Kent in 1794 had a scion of royalty been seen in the city. Those who recalled that event were few, but nowhere could the Prince have been more welcome than in that city which had been erected in the wilderness by the enthusiastic loyalty of its devoted founders. The ship with her royal passenger moored near Reed's Point and was visited by the Lieutenant-Governor and Colonel Hayne. The militia artillery slept little that night and when the morning broke, in the most beautiful of Queen's weather, the men were at their posts. A salute from all the forts, joined by our regi- ment of artillery rang out at sunrise, and long before the hour of landing the batteries of Captain Pick and Captain Hurd Peters were on duty at the Ballast Wharf. The wharves and Prince William street were thronged by the whole population 92 HISTORICAL RhXORDS OF THE of the city reinforced by thousands of visitors, joy and music adding to the zest of the occasion. Captain Durant's com- pany was stationed at the entrant e to the Chipman House, where the grand-father of the Prince had lodged, and under their guns was the house of Captain Colville, the first com- mander of their company. Captain McLauchi.an's (Carleton) company was also stationed there. Next camt the rifles and infantry companies, the national societies, the cartmen mounted, the Sons of Temperance, firemen and trades, so that the line extended from the Chipman House to the place of landing at Reed's Point. Each company of the artillery and other volun- teers contributed eighteen men to a guard of honor which was under command of Colonel Thurgar. At half past ten o'clock the Prince, accompanied by the Duke of Newcastle, Earl St. Germain and suite was rowed to the landing stage at Reed's point, the yards of the war ves- sel being manned and a salute fired. The National Anthem was played by the band of the 63rd Regiment, and. as the Prince stepped on shore the volunteers presented arms. A large procession of t -ort was formed consisting of provincial and corporation officers, the judges, members of legislative council and house of assembly, and office bearers of the national societies. Triumphal arches had been erected along the route. That at Reed's point was styled a grand Reception Pavilion and was beautifully decorated. The interior of the Pavilion seated sixteen hundred" people. Opposite the old city building which then stood just below the Colville house, near the present warehouse of W. H. Thorne & Co., the civic arch, a magnificent fabric, had been constructed. It was fifty feet in height from the ground to the inside of the upper arch so that persons standing in the Chipman grounds could look N. n. (.ARRISON ARTILI.KRV 93 under it to Reed's point. Its panels were suggestive of the early history of the Province and the date "1783" was con- spicuously displayed. Five thousand Sunday school children gathered in the Chii'MAN grounds greeted H. R. H. with the national anthem, special words having been adapted to the music for the occasion. The procession then retired and re- formed. It was reviewed by the Prince from the porch of the Court House on Sidney street. First came the band of the 63rd Regiment, then Captain Pick's company of the N. B. R. A. followed by the other companies under Captains Durant, Adams, Hurd Peters, and McLauchlan. It is noteworthy that in the Newspaper accounts of this event Captain Pick's is referred to as the ' Prince of Wales' company, a designation which is still retained by No. i. After the artillery came other volunteer companies to the number of about 350 men. The temperance bodies, firemen, cordwainers, millmen, shipbuilders and caulkers, founders, St. George's, St. Patrick's and St. Andrew's societies, mounted draymen and others completed the pageant. The ofificers of volunteers, among others, attended the levee in the Court House at which addresses were pre- sented. The Prince was expected in Carleton in the after- noon but owing to some misunderstanding as to arrangements did not arrive. Captain Adams' company, however, was on hand and fired a salute. On Saturday morning the Prince went to Rothesay by special train and was received by a salute from the artillery under Captain Durant, and a guard of honor from the artillery and rifle companies. Leaving Rothesay by the steamer Forest Queen the royal party arrived at Fredericton by 6 o'clock and was received by a guard of honor from the militia companies including the artillery under Captains' Berton and Travis. On Sunday H. R. H. attended the cathedral and on .i^wiayf: 94 HISTORICAL UKCORDS OF THE Monday there was a levee. A ball was held in the evening at which the Prince remained until three in the morning. On Thursday at two o'clocV he arrived at Indiantown, and was received with presented arms by companies of the Infantry volunteers under Captains Crookshank, MacFarlank and Stockton. There was no artillery salute as Captains Pick's and Peters' companies, which had gone to Fredericton, had not been able to return in time. All the other artillery com- panies were in Carleton. At the Suspension Bridge the troops were drawn up and a royal salute was fired from Carleton heights. At the city line, Carleton, the Prince was received by the firemen of Nos. 7 and 8 Engine companies, who took the horses from the carriage, which was drawn by hand through the streets and under an arch on King street. Here the party was received by school children, the militia artillery and Wel- lington Bay ship builders. The Prince visited the saw mill of Hon. John Robertson and witnessed the manufacture of a log into lumber. Entering a barge from the Styx at Rodney Wharf the Prince took farewell of the city, Durant's, Adams' and McLauchlan's companies firing a salute. At a quarter to five the Styx weighed anchor, the batteries and the artillery companies fired their parting salutes and the visit of England's future King was ended. • Though time and the official programme did not admit of the Prince vi'^iting other points of interest in the province yet the enthusian A'as none the less in Bathurst where, on the day that the Prince arrived in St. John a salute was fired as soon as the news came, nine o'clock at night. In connection with the reception of the Prince militia gen- eral orders had been issued calling out, amongst others. Cap- tain Berton's company at Fredericton, Captains Durant, ■f/ 'J' * i \. M. (;arkison artili.krv. 95 Pick, PiyiERs, McLauc hlan and Adams, at St. John, and Captain Travis, at Gagetown. The whole force, including one troop of cavalry and sixtijen infantry and rifle companies, was placed under the command of Major Cartkr, then in com- mand of H. M. 63rd Regiment. Major Cartkr, who very soon afterwards became Lieutenant-Colonel, on assuming com- mand of the militia promulgated the following order : '■■■' -■' Fredericton, N. B., July 24th, i860. Having in accordance with a militia general order, of this day's date, assumed command of the several companies called out by His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, I undertake the duty with which His Excellency has honored me in the fullest confidence that I shall receive such support as will en- able me to perform the services with which I have been en- tru.sted with every credit to the militia of New Brunswick. (Signed) W. F. Carter, Major 63rd Reg't, Commanding H. M. Troops in New Brunswick. On retiring from the command after its services had been performed he issued the following general order, conveying his appreciation of the service of the force under his command : — Fredericton, N. B., August 11, i860. His Excellency the Commander-in-chief no longer requiring my services with the militia force which was called out for the purpose of doing all honor to H. R. H. 'the Prince of Wales, I cannot resign this command without thanking the whole of the officers, non-commissioned ofificers and men for the able and zealous manner in which they performed their different duties during that period. I have also to return my best acknowledgments to Lieutenant-Colonel Hayne, adjutant-general of militia, and other field officers who gave me their valuable assistance on that occasion. My con- nection with the militia of New Brunswick will ever be re- HISTOKICA.- KKCORDS OK THE membered by nie with feelings of pleasure, and I shall always eontinue to take a deep interest in the welfare and efficiency of this imj)ortant force. (Sgd) W. V. Cartkr, Major 63rd Regt., Commanding H. M. troops in New Brunswick. Major Cartkr was assisted in the performance of his duties by Lieutenant-Colonel Thurcjar, Lieutenant-Colonel Gray, Lieutenant-Colonel Foster, N. B. R. A. ; Lieutenant-Colonel Robertson, Major Melick, N. B. R. A., and Captain Mount, adjutant N. B. R. A., and also by Lieutenant-Colonel Hayne, adjutant-general ; Lieutenant-Colonel Drury, deputy (juarter master general, and Captain Minchin, deputy adjutant-general. The following general order was also issued upon Major Carter transferring his command : — Fredericton, August 13th, i860. Major Carter, 63rd Regiment, commanding Her Majesty's troops in New Brunswick, has submitted to His Excellency the Commander-in-chief a highly satisfactory report of the con- duct of the whole of the militia force, cavalry, artillery and infantry recently under his command, not only while they were under arms, but also during the whole period for which they were called out. His Excellency has had an opportunity of personally observ- ing their appearance and the manner in which they performed their duties during the visit of H. R. H. the Prince of Wales, and he gladly avails himself of this occasion to ex- press his warm approbation of their steady and soldier-like behaviour. His Excellency the Commander-in-chief has received from H. R. H. the Prince of Wales permission to announce that it is the intention of H. R. H. to present a " Challenge Cup " (to be competed for every year) as a prize for the best marks- man among the companies of militia, in uniform, which have volunteered or may volunteer for drill and exercise. His Ex- cellency is sure that this announcement will be received as a most gratifying recognition on the part of H. R. H. N r.. C.AKklSOV ARTIIT-KRY. m of the soldicr-lilvL' and steady coiidiut of the militia force called out hy His I^xcelleiicy's proclamation of the 25th lilt., and of the zeal which induced them to volunteer for drill and ex- ercise ; and he has no doubt that the same spirit which assembled together so largi' a force of militia of all arms (uni- formed at their own expense) during H. R. H. visit, will continue to animate them and extend to every battalion of militia in the Trovince. The officer in command of every company of militia volunteering for drill and exercise may apply to His ICxccUency the Commander-in-Chief for si-rvice ammunition for j)ractice, (at the rate of five rounds per man in uniform) oil shewing that a suitable and safe practice ground has been marked and secured for the comj)any. (Sgd) R. Havnk, Lieutenant-Colonel, Adjutant-deneral Militia. There are yet a few more incidents to be noted in this eventful year, and though they naturally attracted much less attention than those just related, yet some of them are by no means devoid of interest. On 30th May, 1860, Isaac Naish was gazetted first, and Alexander Mitchelf, second, lieuten- ant. There is nothing to show to which company these gentlemen were attached, but as on 25th March, 1861, Mit- chell was promoted to the first lieu'.enantcy v/ce Naish, deceased, and is remembered by Sir John C. Allen as having been in Fredericton, it is j)robable that both were in Captain John Allen's company which was then being formed. In Captain Adams' company Joseph Coram resigned his commission and was succeeded by Lieutenant James Quinton, from St. John County militia ; while in Captain Durant's company Thomas C. Humbert gave way to Alexander Rankine. Another officer was appointed to Captain McLauchlan's company in the person of (iEOK(;e Hunter Clark as a second lieutenant. 98 HtSTORlCAr, RF^CrtRDS OF THK A meeting of the officers of militia of the city of Saint John was held on August iith in the parlor of No. 2 Fire Engine house, at which Lieutenant-CJoionel Fostkr, Captains Mount, Pick, Durant and Adams, Lieutenants Mkmck, SNKr)p:N, Thomas, Quinton, McLachi.an, Taylor and Ran- i:iNK of the artillery were present with (juite a large number of others. Lieutenant-Colonel Fostkr occupied the chair and stated that the object of the meeting was to enable officers to become personally accjuainted and for the cultivation of the unanimity of sentiment essential to the success of the volunteer movement. As an outcome of his suggestions it was resolved that the militia companies of St. John should assemble for a general inspection on 26th September and that Colonel Thur- GAR be invited to act as inspecting officer. A recjuest was also sent to the Lieutenant-Governor for a supply of artillery and rifle ammunition to enable practice to be carried on. The " Morning News " of September 28th says that the general appearance of the men at this inspectit)n was excellent. 'The Carleton artillery excelled in their marching with small 'arms and in their manual exercise, while Captain Peters' '(Portland) r-tillery with field pieces went through their march- ' ing in very good order. The other bodies on the ground 'were the Prince of Wales (Pick's), Captain Durant's and 'Captain Adams' artillery companies. Captain Croorshank's 'rifles — these represented the city; Captain Stockton's Port- * land rifles ; also companies of rifles from Pisarinco, Golden ' Grove and Milkish, (Captain MacFarlane's Scottish company 'were not out) — the whole force being under the command of ' Lieutenant-Colonel Foster. After the review the troops, ac- 'companied by the Courtenay Bay band, marched through * several of the streets, and in the evening Colonel Thurgar 'gave the officers a luncheon at the Waverley House.' N, H C.ARRISON ARTII.I.KRY. 99 The report of the adjutant general, Colonel Hayne, for i860 exj)ressecl a high a|)|)reciation of the work which had been done. He advocated greater encouragement to rifle shooting by increasing the allowance of amnumition, and pointed out that the Canadian government allowed one hundred and forty rounds of ammunition annually to each comj)any of artillery. Without such assistance as this they could not accjuire a prac- tical knowledge of gunnery. During the year drill instructors had been loaned by the colonel of the 63rd regiment and a great deal had been achieved with their assistance, but he emphasized the necessity of officers tjualifying themselves to in- struct their men. The report also shows the existence of the ^Voodstock company still under Captain Wktmore, one at Northumi)erland under Captain Carmichael, and one at St. John under Captain Richard Si.monds. The latter as before stated scarcely had any potential existence as artillery. 1^ k lOO HISTORICAL RIXORDS OF THE CHAPTER XL 1861. Lecture by Cafttain Jlunl Peters — New Officer.^ — Prince Albert's Visit — Disobedience of Orders — Presentation of Colors — An Im- posinn Ceremony — B. Lester Peters' Buttery — The Muster ^'oUs — The ^ Xipiwrs' — The end of the Story. ^"^HE first event of 1861 was the assembly of Captain Mc- V^ Lauchlan's (Carleton) company to the number of thirty- ^ four, on January 21st for the purpose of maknig a presentation to their instructor, Corporal James Anderson of the R. A. The company was then styled ' Havelock Battery No. 6.' They went through the manual and firing exercises and formed in s(juare when the presentation was made. An address was read by Sergeant William J. McCordock, and was signed by himself, Wm. Browne, Fred. R. Linde and Gf:orge F. Harding, The former is now an official of the public works department of Canada and the latter is an officer in the treasury department of the city of St. John. John A. Chesley, now M. P. for St. John, was then one of the bom- bardiers. A lecture was delivered in the Mechanics' Institute on Feb- ruary 1 8th by Captain Hurd Peters upon " Our Volunteers." The subjects of the lecture attended in uniform; there being present the City, Carleton and Portland artillery companies, Pisarinco, Golden Grove and Milkish rifles, besides the city rifle companies of Captains MacFarlane, Crookshank and Travis. Lieutenant-Colonel Foster and other officers occupied aca N. H. GARRISON ARTILLERY, lOI the platform. Captain Peters, among other things, referred to the estahhshment of the 1793 company, and read the names from the original roll, remarking that ' every year since the * thunder of their guns might be heard on some national ' holiday.' Changes were rapid in the Colville company. Captain Lewis Durant retired retaining his rank on 18th March, and on 13th April was succeeded by Lieutenant James G. Melick, who also retired with rank on the same day. This was fol- lowed by the promotion of Lieutenant Alex. Rankin-:, who had joined in the previous year. Wm. Frederick Deacon and Roger Hunter were also posted to the company as lieutenants. This company, says Captain Rankine, originally drilled in the Barrack Scjuare, afterwards on King street (east), near St. John Presbyterian church. The guns were kept by Major Melick. Lieutenant Deacon had been in the British army and had served in the Crimea. . He was very active in an important event, the procuring of the regimental colors, which is elsewhere recorded. The Queen's birthday was celebrated in much the usual manner, there being a review of the volunteers and a salute fired by the artillery. All the St. John companies turned out on this occasion, and for the first time appeared the company commanded by Captain B. Lester Peters, long known as the * Kid Glove batterv.' On the 29th May H. R. H. Prince Alfred arrived at St. John from Halifax and spent a day'* in the city. On his de- parture on the morning of the 31st two companies of artillery fired a salute. The boys in blue apparently thought that some want of respect was evinced toward the Prince by their not being called out to do him honor and endeavored in their ft'Srsitf 102 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE own way to siip{)ly the omission. The reason was, however, the recent death of the Duchess of Kent, mother of Her Majesty. A general order issued shortly afterwards informed the militia of St. John that His Royal Highness was fully aware that the rest of the force only abstained from a demon- stration because of the order of the Commander in-Chief, and while His Excellency attributed to the excitement of the moment the partial disobedience of the order, evinced by the salute just mentioned, he assured the companies by whom the order was obeyed that their absence was attributable only to their .sense of discipline and to their desire to show that in their military capacity they could be trusted to obey orders. The rebuke waj rather caustic, and it may safely be assumed that the artillery never again disobeyed a general order. The punish- ment was moderate, however, compared with that which in later years was meted out to another St. John corps which disobeyed orders calling them out for duty. The annual inspection on 29th August was a very creditable affair. Colonel Thurgar commanded the parade and the volunteers were inspected by Major Rynd of H. M. 62nd Regiment. Captains Pick's and Hurd Peters' companies were put through their field gun drill by Lieutenant Macart- ney of the R. A., and are said to have acquitted themselves to his entire satisfaction. Captain B. Lester Peters' com- pany also performed garrison gun drill on that occasion in a manner reflecting great credit upon themselves. Hon. Arthur Hamilton Gordon, C. M. G., assumed office as Lieutenant-Governor of the province on 26th October, and among the gentlemen appointed as his aides-de-camp was Lieu- tenant-Colonel Havne. In this year, on 2nd September, Martin Hunter Peters, X. n, GARRISON ARTILLERY, 103 M. I)., was gazetted lieutenant of Captain Adams' com{)any, vice Geo. J. Stackhousp:, resigned, and thus began the militia career of an accurate and enthusiastic officer. During the year the efforts of Lieutenant Deacon to obtain for the corps a set of colors had been very successful, and in December the silken trophies arrived from England. Their presentation to the regiment was an interesting and imposing event. The following is an account taken from a newspaper of the time : — The Colors recently procured in England for the New Bruns- wick Regiment of Artillery were presented at the Institute last evening (i8th December). The hall was filled to overflowing shortly after seven o'clock, and hundreds of people retired un- able to procure admittance. Large numbers of those present remained standing during the whole of the evening, it being impossible to obtain seats for all who gained admittance. The volunteers in and about the city attended in large force and made quite an interesting appearance. About eight o'clock Captain Rankine's company, carrying the colors furled, entered the hall and marched upon the platform, the City Band play- ing "British Grenadiers." The colors were then unfurled, the band playing " Rule Brittania." Lieutenant-Colonel Thurgar informed the audience that the colors were now to be presented in the name of the ladies of St. John, and he called upon Rev. Dr. Gray to consecrate them. The address of presentation was delivered, extempore, by •Lieutenant-Colonel Gray. He spoke (an unusual thing for him) so low as to be heard quite indistinctly in the further part of the house. Addressing himself to the officers and men of the artillery he said that he was honored by the command of the ladies of the City and County to represent them on this occasion. What, he asked, is the purpose that has brought us together ? This banner (pointing to the dark blue banner) beautiful as it is, is but the product of the worm ; the work upon it is that of frail, though, perhaps, young and beautiful hands. Yet it lives, it moves, it is the embodiment of the I04 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE triumphs and glories of the arms of England. This unstained banner of your country's honor is about to be committed to your care, are you prej)ared to receive it and maintain the [)urity of its unsullied character ? It has waved triumphantly in Spain and France and Intlia, in every ([uarter of the glol)e, and whether carried forward to glorious victory or borne back in honorable retreat, it has never been stained — on its folds no bar sinister shows it to have been disgraced. You, volun- teers, are not asked to carry this flag beyond the confines of your own province ; you are asked to stand by your own homes, to defend, if need be, those dear ones who look to you for support and protection. In the heart of every truly brave man there will be, I am sure, a warm response to the prayer made this evening, that the dark cloud which now hovers over our country may be averted ; but, if called upon, not one of you would hesitate to discharge your duties as becomes men, in the face of danger, difficulty and death. In you are embodied the three great nations from which our forefathers came. Each of them has its peculiar characters. The Irishman is (]uick, fear- less, joyous and obedient. He fights with a light heart for he loves it ; his joyous temperament sustains him in many a try- ing situation, while his ready obedience to command impels him forward at the call of duty. The Scotchman fights for the love of home, one of the strongest feelings of his breast, and no matter what beautiful country or sunny land he may be in, no kindred appears to him like his own, no clan like his, and his heart ever recurs with warm feeling to the mossy heaths and barren moors of his native land, and for that land he sheds his blood with ready willingness. The Englishman fights because it is a duty he has to do. Gloomy, savage, almost relentless when face to face with the foe, he knows no shrinking and whether victorious or beaten, to him it is the same, he perseveres with ecjual determination. All are ready, as you should be, to maintain the integrity of that flag, under which he who seeks protection is sure to find it or a nation to avenge his wrongs. Mr. Gray then alluded to the date, 1793, on the flags, commending the principles of the loyalists, and ended by asking the volunteers if they were prepared faithfully, manfully and fearlessly to pre- * serve the colors which were to be presented to them. I THK COLORS AXD TROPHIES OK THE CORPS. JoNKs Crr. BoTSFORD CxTP. Shoeburyness Cup. The three smaller Cups were the gift of ('.. J. Pine Esq., of I,onclon, Eng. N. B. GARRISON ART1LLF:RY. 105 In response TJeutenant-Colonel Foster replied as follows : — Colonel Gray, — In the absence of Colonel Hayne, our com- manding officer, who was invited by the committee of arrange- ments to take his part in the ceremonies on this occasion, it becomes my duty, on behalf of the officers, non-commissioned officers and gunners of the New Brunswick Regiment of Artil- lery, to return their warmest thanks for the magnificent gift which they have this night received at the hands of Miss Gray from the ladies of the City and County of St. John. These colors come to our hands unstained. In their virgin purity, fresh from the hands of youth and innocence, we receive them ; most faithfully will we defend them, and whatever diffi- culties may arise, in consequence of the present most unhappy condition of political affairs on this continent, we shall endeavor with the blessing of Almighty God to transmit them to our successors untarnished. The nucleus of our regiment dates its organization from the 4th day of May, 1793, ten short years subsequent to the land- ing of the loyalists, and was known as the Loyal Artillery. Its ranks, to the number of ninety-four, were filled by a body of Englishmen, Irishmen, Scotchmen and British Americans, com- prising the principal merchants and ship owners of the city at that period ; men of whose moral worth any community in the world might feel justly proud. Its first captain was John CoLviLLE, founder of the commercial firm of Crookshank & Johnston. Its first sergeant was the venerable and highly esteemed John Ward. Our vocations are those of peace. Our several duties and positions in life preclude that close application to the study of military affairs which is expected and required from those whose lives are devoted to the profession of arms, consequently, we should not be expected -to possess that thorough knowledge of all those little niceties of military etiquette which are by some considered so essentially necessary. We are all willing and desirous to learn, and ready at all times to give a cheer- ful response to the order of our superior officer ; — none, other than weak minds, would smile ac our imperfections ; and none but imbeciles would, under our peculiar circumstances, jeeringly apply to us the term unmilitary. When the honor of our Queen or the interests of our country i 1 06 HISTORICAI, RHCORDS OK THK demand our active services, under the guiding hand 0*" the Most High, those services will be rendered. The sacredness of our homes and the purity of our families must be preserved from the polluting touch of an invading foe. From our progen- itors we inherit those principles of loyalty and patriotism by which they were governed. As the descendants of Englishmen, Irishmen, Scotchmen, and British American Loyalists, we are proud of our nationality, and thank that merciful Providence who has made us the subjects of a Sovereign whose manifold virtues as daughter, wife, mother and cjueen, entit'e her to the fullest confidence of all her subjects, as well as to the respect and admiration of the whole civilized world. Miss Gray then presented the flags to Lieutenant Hunter and Lieutenant M. H. Peters, the juniors of the regiment, simply saying that she made the presentation. The colors were then marched into the ranks, the band playing "God Save the Queen," after which three rousing cheers were given for the Queen, three for the Lieutenant- Governor, and three for the New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery. Lieutenant-Colonel Thurgar thanked the Rev. Dr. Gray for his attendance and assistance. The " Queen's Color " is a Union Jack with the crown worked in floss, and 1793 beneath worked in figures of gold. The " Regimental Color " is a blue ensign — in the centre is a figure with the letters " New Brunswick " encircled by a wreath and surmounted with the crown, all beautifully wrought in floss, with 1793 in figures of gold beneath. Both colors are made of the heaviest and most costly description of silk, and as there is a total absence of paint of either color, they are calculated to do service for many years. An incidental reference has been made to Captain B. Lester Peters' battery. The history of this fine organization, of the memory of which the artillery and citizens are still proud, begins with an order of 25th March, 1861, transferring Lieu- tenant B. Lester Peters from the St. John City Militia to the N. B. R. A. as captain, for garrison gun duty. Previous to this, and in fact until the Fenian trouble, there was prac- 1^ N. n. (iARRISON ARTILLERY. 107 tically no garrison gun drill done by the regiment. Captain Pkteks' battery generally used the field pieces, but was the j)ioneer in the use of the heavier ordnance. The formation of the battery was accomplished under circumstances which need not be narrated. Suffice it to .say that a number of men from Captain Pick'.s battery withdrew and became members of the new battery, and after approaching several other gentlemen, obtained B. Le>ter Pf:ters as their commanding officer. It was a wise choice, and whatever may have been the feeling engendered at the time by what was termed the 'revolt,' it was productive of good to the N. B. R. A., which for nearly eight years had two splendid batteries whose efficiency was in- creased by rivalry. While Captain Peters' battery existed, it, as well as Captain Pick's, received deserved commendation from all quarters, military as well as civil, and the praise of one is no disparagement of the other. The rivalry, not friendly at first, which existed between the organizations was productive of a higher state of efficiency in both, and probably to-day the old members of the Prince of Wales battery are as proud as the survivors of the ' Kid Glove battery ' of the successes of the latter. With Captain Peters were associated Lieutenants R. R. Sneden, George E. Thomas and F. G. W. Lansdowne, all from Captain Pick's battery. The roll shows during its history the names of scores of young men, many of whom have made a reputation in after life. There was much about the person- ality of the captain to attract men. Tall, of commanding presence, with a regal air which seems to belong almost ex- clusively to a generation that has passed away, he appearea to men of the present day the embodiment of dignity and reserve. And yet his old comrades after pointing out the strictness of the discipline which he enforced, relate with fondness incidents "-T" 1 08 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE ■! I of the social meetings at which the ' Captain ' unbent, and the zest with which hi entered into the sport and merriment of the hour. After serving for upwards of a quarter of a century as Common Clerk of the city of St. John, an office for which he made traditions, he was elevated to the post of County Court Judge, which office he held until his death in 1894. Through great good fortune the rolls of his battery and the minute books of their meetings have been preserved. All oear the emphasis of his character. Exactness characterizes every entry and the records form a history. Among the secretaries of the battery is found I. Allen Jack, Esq., who, until a year ago, filled the important office of Recorder of St. John and left upon the history of that office an abicMng influence and power that will, like his captain's record, remain long after the memory of his day has faded. The meetings of which such a record was kept are from 1862 to 1864 when the new militia law removed the self gov- erning feature of the organization. The minutes of that period, however, breathe in their brief chronicle of events a reverence which amounts to affection for the 'captain.' It was well that Captain B. Lester Peters never had a successor, for those qualities which marked his leadership are rare among men. There are humorous incidents, too, which are told by old members who are now no longer * the boys.' One in particular is well worth relating. The captain's thoroughness in discipline had caused him to lecture the battery on the unsoldierliness of turning out of the way to avoid a bad spot on the street. The boys treasured the lecture and waited an opportunity to show their appreciation of it. It soon came. Ordered down to the Barracks for drill one day the leading files noticed a trench cut more than half way across the road, and directly I ■ ^m "^--v_ Hon. B. Lester Peters, (I^ate Judge St. John County Court.) \. 11. (lAkKISON AKTIM.KRY. 109 in the line of march. A man was in it plying the pit-k and shovel vigorously, and had piled up large mounds of stiff brick clay on either side of the excavation. 'I'he battery was in charge of Lieutenant Snkdkn, and the captain was at a distance walking with some friends, and for once not paying any attention to his battery. One of the leadin, men was the late paymaster of our corj)s, CiKOkcr: F. Smith. He and his comrades kept their direction perfectly and leaped over the trench causing the loose clay to fall in on the poor laborer, who got out as (juickly as possible. File after file leaped over tumbling the clay 'n until the trench was nearly full. Not a man was so unsoldierly as to turn out of the way. The cap- tain's lecture was duly heeded, and probably no one better enjoyed the joke than he. The following is a transcript of the roll book. It appears from the minutes that there must have been an earlier roll in 1 86 1, but it can not be found. A footnote gives the additions so far as they can be gathered. 19th May, 1862 : Captain — B. Lester Peters, barrister-at-law. First Lieutenants — Robert R. Sneden, merchant. George E. Thomas, accountant. Second Lieutenant — Frank G. Lansdowne, clerk. Sergeant- Major — W. Albert Lockhart, merchant. Sergeants — P. Robertson Inches, druggist. G. Lawrence F'oster, merchant. James F. Robertson, merchant's clerk. Corporals — F. Gallagher, clerk. F. A. W. Davidson, attorney's clerk. Resigned 13th April, 1863. S. K. Foster, jr., merchant. Bombardier~\N . Street Berton, accountant. Resigned 13th April, 1863. '■ no HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE 6^//////^n' Robert 1). Davis, clerk. Resigned 1863. C. G. Berryman, merchant. John C. Miles, manufacturer. R. V. Bonnell, clerk. Resigned 12th Oct., 1863. Matthew Stead, jr., architect. Joseph Allison, clerk. William H. Crozier, clerk. Andrew W. Davis, clerk. G. DuVernett Lee, clerk. Died Feb'y i6th, 1863. Bof/iOardier ]v\o. H. Morehouse, clerk. Struck off roll 12th October, 1863. Gunners — Charles R. Reed, clerk. G. F. Ring, clerk. W. Colebrooke Perley, student-at-law. John Cameron, clerk. Charles H. Whittaker, clerk. Edward Jones, student-at-law. Resigned — promoted to commission Portland battery. Dawson Hayward, printer. T. R. VVheelock, clerk. Left province. John C. McKean, civil engineer. Resigned. Com- missioned in Engineer corps. W. H. Carman, merchant. A. Chamberlain, accountant. Resigned 8th Feb- ruary, 1864. Left province. Bomkirdier—Gitorge F. Smith, clerk. Gunners — A. W. Peters, clerk. Resigned. Charles Campbell, accountant. Resigned. Com- missioned in Volunteer Battalion. F. Whelpley, clerk. Left province. ' H. E. Stickney, agent. Charles U. Hanford, agent J. Fred. Seely, gentleman. • . G. Clowes Carman, accountant. S. J. King, clerk. Charles H. Chandler, student-at-law. Struck off roll 1 2th October, 1863. John H. Parks, civil engineer. Resigned. Pro- moted to commission Engineer Corps. A. M. Saunders, photographer. Left Province. g^^ N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY I n Gunners — J. Fred Lawton, mechanic. W. P. Ritchie, student-at-law. H. Machattie, clerk. Left Province. W. E. Vroom, clerk. Robert S. Besnard, clerk. Left Province. R. Poyntz, merchant's clerk. Left Province. ■ J. R. Smith, clerk. A. Cowie, clerk. Died 4th April, 1864. James W. Milledge, clerk, • 9th June, 1862 : Gunner ~^. Brooks Peters, student-at-law. I ith August : Gunners- V^. Fred Langan, mechanic. L Allen Jack, gentleman. A. Winniett Peters, clerk. J. L. Bunting, cK "-k. ' i6th October, 1862 : Gunners— \W. H. Merritt, clerk. W. W. Jones, merchant's clerk. F. W. Wisdom, clerk. George Johnston, clerk. Struck off roll* r2th Oc- tober, 1863. H. VV. Baldwin, agent. . Stanley Boyd, student-at-law. . Robertson, 8th December, 1862: Gunner- KohQxt Matthew. ; 9th February, 1863: "" Gunners — John Simonds, gentleman. • Vernon Nicholson, customs house clerk. 8th June, : Gunners — Wm. Lee, Hamilton Hazlewood. 1 2th October, : Gunner — Henry Stewart, merchant's clerk. nth January, 1864 : Gunner— DaVid I). Robertson, merchant's clerk. y. 112 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE 8th February : Gunners— ]o\\n J. Daley, law student. Joseph B. Stubbs, clerk. James Sullivan, musician. Albert S. Hay, silversmith. January, 1866: Gunners — ^John T. C. McKean, architect. Samuel K. Wilson, surveyor. R. H. Arnold, clerk. 26th March Gunners— 3TSt March : Gunners — 2nd April : Gunners - •Thomas Lister, clerk. . M. Chamberlain, clerk. W. M. Burns, clerk. James J. Grahame, clerk. Barclay Boyd, clerk. Alfred B. Sheraton, clerk. Arthur B. Perley, student. Chas. McLauchlan, jr., clerk. P. Reid Disbrow, clerk. J. Russell Armstrong. H. D. Troop, clerk. Daniel Jordan, jr., law student. J. M. Kinnear, gentleman. J. M. Robinson, jr., clerk. Joseph S. Fairweather, clerk. F. V. McLaughlin, clerk. Peter P. Clarke, clerk. Lewis D. Millidge, clerk. Thomas Millidge, student-at-law. James Beveridge, student-at-law. John McLauchlan, clerk. Fred H. Barteaux, druggist's clerk. Geo. N. Robinson, jr., druggist's clerk. -John H. Thomson, clerk. Fred M. Robinson, student. A. R. Ferguson, clerk. W. S. Livingstone. N. H. GARRISON ARTILLERY. "3 9th April : Gunners — Andrew I). Robertson, clerk. Arthur VV. L.ovett. 13th April : Gunner — Gideon K. Wetmore, clerk. 1 6th April : Gunners — G. L. Robinson. F. O. Allison, clerk. 1 8th April : Gunner - Geo. K. Berton. 19th April : Gunners — Edwin Berton. Richard Tremaine, merchant. Resigned and dis- charged. Left the Province 1866. ist May : Gunner — -Warwick Street, clerk. 19th May : Gunner — Robert P. Wetmore, clerk. 29th June : , , Gunner — B. O. Kinnear, clerk. 8th May, 1867 : Gunner — J. B. Gregory^ clerk. 9th July: . Gunner ]. M. Dick, clerk. 24th July: Gunner — Geo. F. Anderson. 26th July : Gunner — R. R. Cunningham, dentist. 9th September : Gunner George B. Hegan, clerk. 6th April, 1868: . , Gunner -Thos. A. Chipman, clerk. . 26th June : , . Gunner- ]a.s. S. Kaye. . ' From the minutes the following appear to have been mem- bers anterior to the making up of the 1862 roll: Gunners, E. G. ScoviL, Hammond, W. L. Magee, Z. R. Everett, C. A. Holstead ; Corporal, J. P. Perkins ; Gunners, J. R. ^1 114 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE Calhoun, G. F. Munroe, G. E. Thorne, Geo. N. Rorinson, G. Fred Sancton, H. D. Troop (Mr. Troop joined later on), H. Hanselpecker, Henry Rainnie, C. I). Thompson, Simeon Phillips, Geo. Mason, jr., and Geo. McDonald. The names of John Taylor, E. N. Stewart, Georcje Flewellinc;, Sidney Patterson, James Manchester, S. W. Lee, Wm. Fleming, Henry F. Perley, Ingersoll Brown, F. S. Haniord, Jer. Drake and Henry Kendall were ac- cepted. They are not on the roll and do PiOt appear to have been struck off any previous roll. The inference is that they were accepted as members but never joined the battery. The meeting for organization was held January 4, 1861, in the parlor of No 5 Engine house, Germain street. Richard D. Davis was secretary and W. A. Lockhart, treasurer. In March they changed to Union Hall, Horsfield street and elected W. A. Lockhart, ist, Peter R. Inches, 2nd, and Geo. L. Foster, 3rd sergeant. S. K. Foster, jr., was also chosen third bombardier. On the i8th May they fired a salute of nineteen guns with the Royal Artillery ordnance at the bar- racks. At the 24th May parade of that year they fell in on the right of the rifle companies, forty-two strong; 'having,' says the record, 'no rifles to carry or cannon to use.' Captain Peters gave a dinner at the VVaverley hotel in the evening. The men got their rifles on ist July. In the next March Bombardier Gallagher became corporal and W. S. Berton bombardier. On the 9th of that month the battery was visited at its drill room, then in the Wiggins building, Johnston's wharf, by Lieutenant-Colonel Foster and Major Melick. Gunner Edward Jones was called to the front and presented with the Prince of Wales medal by Lieutenant-Colonel Foster. On 14th July, 1862, Sergeant Lockhart became sergeant- N n. c.ARRisoN artillf:ry. 115 major ; Corporal Kodinson, sergeant ; Bombardiers Davidson and S, K. Foster, corporals ; (iEOROE F. Smith and John Morehouse became bombardiers. The battery, at a meeting on September 9th, passed resolu- tions of regvet upon the death of an honorary member who had befriended them, Mr. Moses H. Per ley, H. M. Commis- sioner of British North American Fisheries, who had died on 1 7th August at Forteau, Labrador. On May nth, 1863, the thanks of the battery were returned to the captain for the presentation of a bugle and trum[)et to them, and on the succeeding i8th royal salutes were fired at King Square at 6 a. m. and at Reed's point at noon. A little later in the month, at request of Judge Wh.mot, two detachments drilled for his inspection. In this year J. Fred Sei>ly and W. C. Perley became bom- bardiers: Bombardier Champ.erlain, corporal, was succeeded on his leaving the city by Bombardier Seely, and we read on 14th March, 1864, that the "Captain had much pleasure in accept- ing the picture of the ' Nippers ' presented to him by No. i detachment." The 'Nippers' were a gun detachment famous for their celerity and precision, and their efficiency has never been excelled by any detachment of the regiment or brigade. On i8th April Sergeant Inxhes became sergeant-major ; Cor- poral Foster, a sergeant ; Bombardier Perley, corporal, Gun- ners Reed and Cameron, bombardiers. Then on 13th June, we read that, proposed by Gunner Langan, Joseph B. Stubhs was accepted as a member, and the pleasant record told by secretaries R. D. Davis, A. Chamberlain, I. Allen Jack and R. Brooks Peters comes to a close. Years afterwards, on the 2nd July, 1869, the 'members and friends of No. 2 Battery St. John Volunteer Artillery,' to the num- ber of forty, sat down to dine at Stubb's Hotel. Captain, then I (1 •^WBP ii6 HISTORICAI, RECORDS OF THE Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel B. Lester Peters was presented with a handsome silver cup, engraved with his arms and motto, ' Sa/is Dicu Ricn^' and bearing this inscription : " Presented to Captain Benjamin Lester Peters by the officers, non-com- missioned officers and gunners of late No. 2 Battery New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery of St. John, New Brunswick, 1869." George Y. Smith presided and L Allen Jack filled the vice chair. An address was read by the latter to which the captain responded, and after which, in the early morning, the old battery fell into marching order and escorted the cap- tain home. And thus the record ends. u. ed fto, to •m- ew A. ClIAMIlKKI.AIN. (i. I. F(isr;;i;, J. KKKK Sr.KI.V, S. K. KosTF.K, .Ir. .liillN t'AMKHiiN, .1. I,. lUNTlS r. W. \VlsIM>^[. Wii.i.iAM c. Lr.i:. .1. h'lIK.li I.AWTuN. THE l^IFJPJEi:Ra. fe •T J N. B. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 117 , . M CHAPTER XII. 1862-1864. The Trent Ad'air — Arrival of TronjhH at Saint John — Service of the Artillery — The New Militia Act — Changes in Qtfirern — Vri.ice of Wales' Cup Won by Gunner Jones — Itoll of Portland Battery. \ N the latter days of 1861 there was a change of governors in New Brunswick, Hon. Mr. Manners-Sutton being replaced by Hon. Arthur Gordon. The departing gover- nor received a salute from the guns of Rankine's company on the 22nd October, and his successor was received by a full militia display in which the Rothesay, Renfrew, Queen's Own Rifles and City Guards took part on behalf of the infantry, while HuRi) Peters, Rankine and B. Lester Peters' bat- teries fired a salute. At the Court House the troops were drawn up in a square and Lieutenant-Colonel Thurgar read an address from the volunteers to His Excellency. The gover- nor was in the uniform of a Scotch volunteer company, having been quite prominent in that movement in Scotland. A despatch from Boston on the 12th December threw the province into a state of great excitement. It announced the now historic news of the stopping of the British mail steamer Trent by the U. S. S. San Jacinto under Captain Wilkes, and the taking from her of Mason and Seidell, the com- missioner^ of the Southern confederacy. The Trent was on her way from Havana to St. Thomas and was stopped by force on 8th November, searched, and the commissioners seized. British indignation was at the fever point. The provincial 1 ^ ii8 HISTORICAL RFXORDS OF THE sympathy had largely been with the Southerneis, and this made the feeling more intense. By the middle of December a royal messenger, bearing a demand for the return of the commissioners, reached Washington. T oops were despatched to Canada as rapidly as they could be got on board the ships, and by New Year'.s, 1862, were landing at Halifax and St. John. At that season of the year the St. Lawrence was frozen and the regiments had to be sent to Upper Canada through New Brunswick. The new governor issued a proclamation on 28th December, re(]uesting members of tne volunteer companies to offer their services as a fatigue party available for duty on the arrival of H. M. troops. From fifty to eighty men were re- quired. His Excellency assured the volunteers of the impor- tance which would be attached to this service and thanked those who had that day been on duty at the Barracks. These were from the artillery under Captains Peters and Rankine. The same newspaper which contained the proclamation had also a despatch stating that the United States had agreed to surrender Mason and Seidell, and this, of course, was an assurance that peace would be preserved. In the meantime the north wing of the Custom House, the Temperance Hall on Sidney street. Railway Car Shed, Madras School, Varley School, Lower Cove Market House, new Police Office and Watch House, Cudlip's Building, on Princess street, and Trinicy Church Sunday-school, were being fitted up as sleeping shelters for the troops which were daily expected by the steamers Cleopatra^ Adriatic, Parana and Australasian. The volunteers readily assumed the work of fatigue duty. The whole force was addressed on January 3rd, in the Mechanics' Institute, by Governor Gordon, who pointed out the necessity and advantage of a well organized militia and made a most N. I!. l.AKRISON AK I I I.I.KKY I 19 fervent and patriotic appeal to the people. By the 10th Fel) ruary the troops were all I'/i route from St. John, havinj^ been dined and lionized most heartily by an enthusiastic j)eople. All danger was over and the ordinary duties of life were re- sumed by our artillerymen who had learned much of i)ractical value by their intercourse with the troops and their fatigue duty. All who assisted in the debarkation and reception of the troops were thanked by a general order. On February loth despite very cold weather Captain Pick's company met at the rifle range, Gunner Hknkv Boulton win- ning a medal offered by the captain. In this year Lieutenant-Colonel Havnk became (juartermaster- general, his term of office as adjutant-general having expired, and the following general order was issued under date of ist January: — -' '/"His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief cannot permit Lieu- '♦tenanl-(Jolonel Havnk to retire from the office of adjutant- " general, which he has so long filled, without expressing his "thanks for the zeal and assiduity with which he has discharged " the onerous duties of that office. His unremitting attention "to the welfare and discipline of the militia calls for His Ex- " cellency's warmest approbation, and the sincere gratitude of "all those who desire the efficiency of that force. " His Excellency feels certain that Lieutenant-Colonel Hayne "will carry to the discharge of the duties of the responsible "office he now holds, the same zealous devotedness and single- " ness of purpose which he has always shown as adjutanl- " general." A new militia act was passed this year which provided for the organization of a force on principles which are embodied in the present Militia and Defence Act of Canada. By it the male population between eighteen and sixty years of age liable to bear arms was divided into two classes, the active and the p 120 FnsTOKIC:AI RFXORDS OF THE sedentary militia. The latter was not reciuired to drill in time of peace. The active militia was further divided into three classes: class A, consisting of volunteers; class H, unmarried men and widowers without children ; class C, married men and widowers with children. There were to be drilled annually one thousand men for a period of six days, and should that number not be filled by volunteers it was to be made up by a draft from the next class. Volunteers could not quit their companies without two months' notice, and their engagement recjuired two years' ser- vice, though, as at present, under ordinary circumstances a discharge could always be obtained. Previous to the passing of the act, as has been shown the associations for drill were purely voluntary, and though they had the sanction of the law, yet were without its compulsion. A system of company internal government had grown up, no doubt in part adopted from the English volunteer model and in part an evolution of local requirements. To preserve this spirit of self-government a number of rules were collected and blished with a view to their adoption, so far as might be .Jient by the organizations then to be formed. They pro- ,ided for the classification of company members into enrolled members, sub-divided into effectives and non-effectives, and honorary members who contributed to the funds of a company but were not enrolled for service. The companies voted on the admission of members subject to the veto of the command- ing officer. There was a secretary and treasurer, the captain always acting as president. The secretary was generally re- quired to call a meeting of the company upon the requisition of five members, but the company could not deal with any question of discipline. In recommending the appointment of N. P.. GARRISON ARTILLKRV. I 2 I officers the commantling officer was to reconiniend as far as pos sible such persons as would be agreeable to the company, but the responsibihty rested with him. This was a departure from the old system of electing officers, ll is api)arent that there was much of merit in such an organization, as it recognized distinctly the social life of the volunteer and combined it with his military services. No better reason can be assigned for the remarkable esprit de corps which characterized the provincial forces at this period, and as time runs on the old idea seems again to be gaining ground, so that liefore many years we may again, in city corps at least, have a revival of the volunteer system and the voluntary spirit. Owing to the legal change in the status of the militia, the commander-in-chief directed circulars to be forwarded to all militia bodies, asking whether or not they desired the accept- ance of their services under the new act. The companies commanded by Captains Hurd Petkrs, John McI.auchi.an, B. Lester Peters and George H. Pick were accepted on 23rd June, and Captain Adams' company, then under Lieu- tenant Martin Hunter Peters on 8th July, the latter officer being promoted to a captaincy on nth July. Captain Adams remained unattached until 1863, when he retired retaining rank. Captain and Adjutant Mount was appointed enrolling officer for the eastern district of St. John city. In Captain McLauchlan's company Lieutenant Knight retired, being succeeded by Second Lieutenant McLachlan, and Sergeant McCoRDOCK was promoted to the vacancy. In October Cap- tain Travis was transferred to the Queen's Co. militia infan- try, and promotions were made in hi:: artillery company, the services of which, under Captain F. L. Knox, were accepted in December. At the same time a P'redericton company, 122 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE under Captain E. W. Chestnut, was enrolled. In the prev'ous month the company at St, John under Lieutenant Deacon was accepted, Samuel R. Tjiomson having become captain. I'his gentleman was one of the most celebrated members of the Ne' i3runswick bar, and was induced to command the company for his social prestige and influence. Lieutenant Deacon remained in the service. Owing to the recent death, 1861, of the Prince Consort, Her Majesty directed that there should be no public obser- vation of her birthday, so by proclamation the 20th June was substituted as a public holiday. Six batteries, under Lieutenant-Colonel Foster, were in- spected on 24th October by the Lieutenant-Governor, Colonel Cole, 15th Regiment, and Captain Smyth, R. A. They were those of Captains Pick, Hurd Peters, McLauchlan, B. Les- ter Peters, M. H. Peters, and Thomson (then commanded by Lieutenant Deacon). Those of Captain Pick and B, L. Peters were very highly commended in the report which states that the gun drill of the regiment was good, though company movements were deficient. Some members of almost every battery were not in uniform. By general order the pattern of artillery uniform previously in use was retained. Dress regu- lations, in detail, were issued in the following year. • ' ■ During 1862 Governor Gordon visited many parts of the province and received numerous addresses. Volunteers of the present day may take warning from the experience of the com- panies at Richibucto, who followed the prevailing custom and tendered the governor a parchment scroll of eulogistic charac- ter. He told them that as this was their first offence he would overlook it and accept the address, but warned them and all other militia men not to pursue the custom. The right to N. P. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 123 praise, he said, implied the right to blame, and as discipline forbade the censure of an officer by those under his command, the right to praise was impliedly taken away. It must be re- membered that the Lieutenant-Governor was, in those days, Commander-in-Chief of the militia. It does not seem clear that the Woodstock company en- rolled under the new act, but the commissions of the officers remained in force and promotions at a later date were founded upon them. Captain A. K. S. \Vf:tmore retired with the rank of major after long and useful service. In the rifle competitions of this year Gunner Edward Jones, of Captain B. Lester Peters' company won the Prince of Wales cup. Gunner W. Morgan, of Captain Hurd Peters' and Gunner J. L. Bunting of Captain B. Lester Peters', each won government silver medals. Gunner Jones was a son of the sheriff of Charlotte county. On the return of the winner from Fredericton he was royally received at Indiantown by the battery and with Captain Peters driven in a barouche to his home. ' March loth, 1863, the day of the wedding of the Prince of Wales, was observed by salutes fired by Captain Pick's battery from King Square ; Captain Thomson's, from Queen Square ; Captain B. L. Peters,' Reed's Point; Captain M. H. Peters,' flagstaff, Brooks Ward, Carleton ; Captain McLauchlan's, flag- staff, Guys Ward, Carleton ; Captain Hurd Peters,' Fort Howe. The usual salutes were fired on the Queen's birthday, and on 24th June, Captain M. H. Peters' battery fired a salute at the laying of the corner stone of Carleton City Hall. The Prince of Wales cup did not come to the artillery in this year, but Gunner Jones won the second prize, a gold watch, while in a local cOmpetion Gunner Bunting, of 1 124 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE B. L. Peters', and G. J. Coster, of Captain McLauchlan's battery, each won a silver medal. There was a grand review at Torryburn on 25th September at which the artillery and all other forces acquitted themselves creditably They were ac- companied on this occasion by Captain Morris' battery of Royal Artillery. There was not the same ecla. attending the reviews of that portion of the active militia which was not enrolled in the volunteer co'r»panies. By an absurd provision in the law they were called out for one day's drill in each year. Of course they formed the butt for all who chose to jeer, and the des- criptions in the newspapers of the time are most ludicrous. No training was given or could be attempted and these farces served simply for the enrolment of the men. During the year Captain Hurd Peters retired from the command of the Portland battery, which he had brought into existence and which had been v^ry successful under his charge. He was succeeded in command by Lieutenant Simonds, who had been gazetted 27th April. Lieutenants Kirk and Rankin also retired and Gunner Edward Jones, of B. L. Peters' battery and Richard Parmer obtained commissions in the battery. Captain Knox's battery at Gagetown went out of service. Captain Chestnut's at Fredericton was strengthened by the 'appointment of Geo. C. Peters and John M. Stratton as lieutenants. The latter was drowned in the Saxby gale of 1869. Lieutenant Quinton was also transferred from Captain M. H. Peters' battery to the county militia. The remarks of Lieutenant J ago, R. A., who inspected the artillery at St. John on September lolh, were very complimen- tary. Without underrating the other batteries he particularly N. 1$. GARRISON ARTILLERY. I2i < ' . r.-/'-\ commended B. I.estkr Peters' battery both for their smart and soldier-Uke appearance on parade, and also for their general efificiency in their duties. The first miHtia order of 1864 appointed Captain B, Lester Peters provincial aid-de-camp vice Lieutenant-Colonel Havne, resigned. The following extract from the minutes of that officer's battery at a meeting held nth January is interesting: "On motion of (iunner Jack, seconded by Sergeant Geo. Foster, Corporal Chamberlain was called to the chair, who conveyed to Captain B. Lester Peters the congratulations of the battery on occasion of His Excellency the Commander- in-Chief having been pleased to appoint him to be provincial aid-de-camp v/re L.ieutenant-Colonel R. Havne, resigned. " The Captain then thanked the battery for their congratu- lations, stating among other things 'that his duties as provincial aid-de-camp would not interfere with his position as their captain.' This announcement was received with reiterated cheering," Let the minutes of 18th April tell of another promotion : "Captain announced that Sergeant-Major Lockhart had been appointed quartermaster of the New Brunswick Regi- ment of Artillery. Captain promoted Sergeant Inches to be sergeant-major of the battery. Corporal Foster to be sergeant, and Bv^aibardier Per ley to be corporal. On motion of Sergeant-Major Inches, seconded by Gunner Vroom, — It was resolved that while this battery have heard with pleasure of the promotion of their former sergeant-major, W. Albert Lockhart, to the post of (quartermaster of the regiment, they regret the loss of his immediate connection with the battery. His long association with it, dating from its first formation, the interest which he has always shown in its affairs and the volunteer movement generally, as well as the high qualities as a companion and associate which he has shown have gained him their esteem and respect, and they therefore here- by unanimously elect him an honorary member of this battery." 126 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THK iirii The new sergeant -majoi is now Dr. P. R. 1nchp:s of Saint John, and W. A. Lockhart was from 1889 to 1891 mayor of that city. Dr. Inches' brother, Keir Inches, was in 1838 a member of Captain, now Sir John C. Allen's company at Fredericton, and was drowned on 19th July of that year while on duty, 'j'he regiment erected a tombstone to his memory. In 1864 Captain John McLauchlan was succeeded by Thomas M. McLachlan ; Captain E. W. Chestnut and John Simonds also retired. The Portland battery's officers be- came, captain, Richard Farmer ; lieutenant, \Vm. Cunard, and second lieutenant, George Garhy. Second Lieutenant F. G. W. Lansdowne of Captain B. L. Peters' bittery was given the rank of first lieutenant, practically a brevet rank. Jacob D. Underhill was appointed second lieutenant in Captain Pick's battery, and Lieutenants Shannon and Taylor retired. Christopher Murray came into Captain S. R. Thomson's battery as first lieutenant, and Roger -Hunter was promoted to the same rank. W. W. Street was also appointed second lieutenant. Captain Pick's battery exhibited a great deal of social ac- tivity during the year. In February they had a ' tea soiree ' in Smith's building, which was apparently a very enjoyable affair, and in November held an assembly in Ritchie's building, an event which seems to have given a great deal of pleasure. The Portland battery held a ball in the old Temperance Hall on 25th February. The advertisement shows the com- mittee to have been Edward Jones, Richard Farmer, Thomas Scott, Wm. McKenzie, Geo. Kennedy, P. M. Parkinson, Wm. Barron, Wm. Ewing, Thos. Clark, John Lord, James McConnell, Matthew Mitchell, Geo. Carr, James McIntyre. Wm. Cathcart was secretary. N. R. (lARRISON ARTILLERY. 127 The muster roll of Captain Farmer's battery for 1864 is still extant. The following are the names : Thos. Scott, Wm. McKenzie, (ieo. Kennedy, Jas. Napier, P. M. Parkinson, Wm. Hamilton, Wm. Morgan, Wm. Court, Thos '\ Andrews, James iVicConnell, William Cathcart, John Reed, Caleb Belyea, John B. Riley, Abel Hieben, Frederick McKenzie, Chas. Napier, Walter Starkie, John Y. Lord, Geo. Sturks, Jas. Mclntyre, Wm. Connor, Matthew Mitchell, Tobias .\rmstrong, John Andrews, Vv^illiam Laughery, John Young, Benj. Logan, Henry Buchanan, Robt. McClintock, Richard Ciillespie, John Cunningham, Jas. S. Morgan, \Villiam Barron, William Taylor, George Tabor, Robt. Scott, Andrew Johnston, Robt. J. Patterson, John Stratton, Alex. McDougall, William Farrell, Herman Tapley, Geo. Young, John Y. McDermott, Henry Thos. Godsoe, Jas. Dunlop, Joseph Lee, John Vincent, James P^lliott, James Boyd, Thomas Sullivan, . James McKenzie, William Campbell, Joseph Mclntire, Thos. Morgan, James M. Powers, Samuel Murphy, Henry J. Pratt, Oliver A. Boles, Thos. Nixon, J. Ewing, William Allan, Joseph Saunders, John A. Ruddock, Thos. Godsoe, Uriah Belyea, John F. Case, William Logan. On the visit of the delegates from Upper Canada, who w^re viewing the land previous to confederation, a salute was fired at Fredericton by Captain Berton's battery. In August Lieutenant-Colonel Crowder, adjutant-general, resigned and was succeeded by Colonel Thomas Anderson, of St. John Volunteer Battalion, who was formerly a captain in the 78th Highlanders. The artillery of St. John to the number of one hundred and fifty, under Captains Pick, B. L. Peters, McLachlan and Farm::r, were reviewed on September 22nd, at King square. 128 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THK by the new adjutant-general who presented to Gunner Bunting the medal for rifle shooting which he had won in 1863. In general orders of 12th October His Excellency thanked Captain Saunders, of flampton Troop of Cavalry, Lieutenant Murray, of N. B. R. A., and Captain Beer, Kings County Militia, for the tenders of service of their respective commands for camp duty during the annual rifle competition, which had been accepted. He also congratulated lieutenant-Colonel Foster on having under his command a battery so admirable in drill and discipline as that of Captain Picks, and regretted that circumstances did not permit his acceptance of the offer of Captain Farmer to bring his men to camp for duty at their own expense. .'I V N. B. GARRISON ARTILLKRY. 129 CHAPTER XIII. 1865-1868. Humors of a Fenian fnram'on — .1 linn on the Savings Hank — Meas- tires for Defence — Artillery Under Arms — An .Harm — ' Court Martialed and Shot' — Thanks from the (rovernor — Confederation — End of the Colrille Companij. QFEW changes of subordinate officers occurred in 1865, which are noted in the appendix of battery succession lists, and one battery, that of Captain McLachlan, Carleton, was disbanded for non-attendance at drill. In this year Lieutenant-Colonel Haynk, who had since 1838 had the title of command, though the more active duties were performed by Brevet I.ieutenant-Colonel Foster, was promoted to the rank of colonel commandant, and Stephen Kent Foster at- tained to the subtantive rank of lieutenant-colonel. In this year, too, Captain George J. Maunsell, 15th Regiment, be- came adjutant-general of the province, a gentleman who for nearly a 1 lird of a century has been in close connection with our forces, and whose soldierly qualities combined with affability and kindness have endeared him to all who have sought his counsel or obeyed his commands. Besides an inspection of Captain Pick's battery in January by Major Melick, the holding of some quadrille assemblies by the men, at one of which Gunner ^^'ILLIAM McAfee was presented with a medal won for riile shooting, and the usual 24th of May salute, there is nothing (*f local incident to chronicle in this year. The whole regiment was ordered into camp in July at Fredericton, and •.1--!-' ,> ' r^o HISTOUFCAI, KKCORDS OF THE though the report is satisfiictory no details are given. St. John was visited in May by (leneral Sir !•". W'ii.mams, the hero of Kars, who, on his departure, received a farewell salute from H. ]>i:sTHR PicTKRs' battery. The year 1866 was destined to try the mettle of the volun- teer force throughout Canada. For some months rumors of a Fenian rising had been current, and as this year apf)roached they seemed to take more definite shape. The first two months, however, were (juiet enough. Under the new militia act of 1865 Captain Thomson's battery was once more re-organized, Lieutenant Christophkr Murrav becoming captain, with Ser- geant Stephen Kent Foster, jr., as lieutenant. At Saint Andrews, where the artillery had died out, a new battery was formed in January under Captain, Henry Oshurn, Lieutenant, Thos. T. Odeei,, Second Lieutenant, Walter B. Morris. This battery performed some interesting service a few months later. John R. Smith, of Captain B. L. Peters' battery, ob- tained a commission as second lieutenant in Captain Pick's battery, which he resigned later in the year. Early in March newspaper items that the bonds of 'The Irish Republic' were being offered for sale in New York and other cities of the United States began to excite alarm. Agitators known as * Head Centres ' addressed largely attended meetings across the border, and the feeling grew that the descent of the troops which they were gathering would be upon the coast of New Brunswick. Popular imagination fixed the probable date for invasion as St. Patrick's day, and so great was the excitement that there was a run on the Savings Bank at St. John. Cir- culars, purporting to come from a republican committee in the \. n. (lAKKISON ARTIM.KRV, I3« city, were twice secretly distributed about the streets, calling on the citizens to rise, and assuring them that these 'republi- cans ' had the sympathy of the Fenians and a j)art of the militia. The British and local governments made preparation and the drill rooms were closed to all but volunteers. On the loth March in the Mouse of Assembly Mr. \Vii,mot asked the attorney-general if the government intended sending volunteers to Campobello, intelligence having been received that a Fenian demonstration was expected in that (juarter. No information was vouchsafed except that the government was adopting ener- getic measures for the safety of the country. In a few days despatches from New York stated that the organization was formed under experienced officers and that 15,000 uniforms and 2,000 rifles were stored in Burlington, \'t. The measures for defence began by the appointment of Cap- tain Thomas Andkrson, late H. M. 78th, as colonel in charge of the western military district of New Brunswick, and Lieutenant 1)arkki,i, R. Jago, R. A., was appointed captain and assistant adjutant-general of artillery. On 14th March one captain, one first and one se(^ond lieutenant with eighty-three men of the N. B. R. A. were called out for actual service, together with the St. John Volunteer Battalion. The whole force was placed under command of Brevet Colonel John Amber Cole, H. M. 15th Regiment. The artillery called out were Captain Pick's battery with Lieutenant S. K. F^os- TER, jr., and Lieutenant Geo. Garby, of Portland battery. They were stationed on Partridge Island at the entrance to St. John harbor, and also at Reed's Point. On 4th April Captain M. H. Peters, with Lieutenant E. J. Wetmore and twenty men, were called out and stationed at the Martello Tower, Negrotown Point battery (now Fort Dufferin), and at Sand 132 HISTORICAL KIXORDS Ol- THK Cove, near St. John. Caj)tain Osnukx, with one lieutenant and twenty men, was also placed on duty at St. Andrews. Major CuTHHKKT Wilms was made commandant at the latter place. Ensign Nicholas T. (Irkathkad was transferred from Charlotte County militia to Captain Oshurn's battery and went on duty at St. Andrews. The St. John Volunteer Battalion was despatched to St. Andrews and served on the frontier with Captain Osburn's battery. At Carleton, St. John, the old roof was removed from the Martello Tower and guns were mounted. Earthworks were thrown up on the adjacent hill and guns mounted at Fort Dufferin. On April iith there was a rumor in the city that two hundred armed men had endeavored to take passage on the American boat at Portland for Eastport, but had been re- fused unless they left their arms behind them. Captain Hood, of H. M. S. Pylades^ telegraphed recommending a call of the volunteers. The St. John men had patrols out, that of the Carleton battery extending down the coast to Sand Cove. A system of signals was arranged by Major Jaoo, and Captain Pick directed to have one sentry at the battery on Partridge Island and such others at look-out points as might be needed. An attempt at landing was to be announced by two guns, and very suspicious circumstances at night by three rockets at three minute intervals. Rockets sent up from Sand Cove were to be repeated at the Island, Eower Cove and at Carleton, Two guns at any one of the latter places were to be repeated by the others. Captain M. H. Peters' force was increased to forty men, and afterwards four were taken from Captain Pick's and added to his. On April 15th there was a landing at Indian Island, a small island near Campobello. The house of the collector of customs. N. li. (;.\RKISON AR'm.l.KkV, ^3 Dixon, was visited and the British flag seized. It was fouml a few 'ays afterwards, and there has always been some doubt as to the real character of the persons who committed the (lei)redation. Ikit the [)rovince was in a bla/e. There was another landing later on at the same place when the boat was challenged by an outpost under command of Lieutenant John B. Wii.MoT, of the St. John V^olunteer Battalion. Receiving no reply they fired, and the party left hurriedly. A few nights after, at a late hour, H. M. S. Cordelia in the harbor of St, Andrews beat to cjuarters and despatched rockets, (^aj)tain OsnuRN's battery fired from the guns of Fort Tipperary and the whole force turned out. It was only a 'scare' to test the efficiency of the Trjen but it worked well. Nothing more serious occurred, and the Fenians after a repulse at Niagara disbanded. During the excitement (leneral Meade and staff, of the U. S. A., was stationed at Calais, on the frontier, with sixty-five men of the ist U. S. Heavy Artillery. (Jenerals Meade and Dovi.e exchanged civilities and took precautions for the safety of tl ^ province. S. Kent Foster, jr , then lieutenant of Murray's battery, says that part of Captain Pick's force were from that battery. The only uniform most of them had was a great-coat. The men, except those on the island, went home at night and did about five hours work per day mostly garrison gun drill in which they became very proficient. Of course the other forces kept up sentries by night at their outposts. During the service Captain Pick reported two men, Gunners James Devereaux and Benjamin Logan, for having deserted their posts while on duty, and asked if there should be a court martial. Lieutenant Foster says that the men went into a shed and played a game of cards. The official correspondence does not go so far, simply i'' 134 III.vrORlCAI, RECORDS OF THK stating that tliey were in a shed a short distance, not more than one hundred yards, beyond their beats, and that they stopped in there to light their pipes. Smoking on the beat was of course forbidden, and when the news got about it was currently repoited that the men would be shot I I'he affiiir ended by Major J acq, who heartily wished that his attention had never been called to the occurrence, delivering an impres- sive caution. In a letter on the subject he says, ' My own ' idea of volunteers is that you ought not to look too closely 'into their way of doing the work as long as it is done.' The exercise of such good comnion sense got over a difficulty which might have been very serious if formalities had been observed and affords a practical suggestion on the subject of discipline. The whole force, consisting of Captain Pick with Lieutenant (iARHV and forty-six men. Captain M. H. Peters with Lieutenant Wetmore and forty-four men, and Lieutenant Foster with thirty men, was paid off on the 2nd June and the bloodless campaign was at an end. Three additional batteries had been formed as a result of the scare, that under Captain Oshurn at St. Andrews, already mentioned; one under Captain Edgar at Woodstock, and a third under Captain \\m. T. Rose at St. Stephen, Captain Rose had years before been in command of a battery which was now reorganized for service. He re- tired as major and was succeeded by Captain W. T. Clewlev. Under these circumstances it may be imagined that the cele- bration of the Queen's birthday was more than an ordinary affair. At St. Andrews a dinner was given by Captain Steven- son and the officers of the "Gordon Rifles,' at which St. John officers were guests. On behalf of the St. Andrews battery, in response to that toast, Lieutenant Greathead is reported as returning thanks. The whole force was inspected and the day was a great one for St, Andrews, N. P.. (iARKISON ARTlLLIikV. 135 As B. LicsTKk Pi::ters' battery was largely composed of clerks in banks and other institutions it was impossible for them to go into service which would interfere with the discharge of their duties unless in case of such emergency as the actual commence- ment of hostilities. They, however, volunteered to a man lo put in four hours drill daily at the garrison guns, and did so during the whole time that the force was under arms. This service was spontaneous and gratuitous and received the warm- est thanks of His Excellency. During the winter, too, lectures were delivered by Hon, John Boyd, Rev. G. W. M. Carkv, Geo. E. Fenetv and Hon. \Vm. Wedderhurn, the proceeds being in aid of uniforming Murray's battery. Upon the dis- bandment of the forces a general order was issued dated 20th June, from which the .allowing extracts are made: — ' His Excellency desires in a special manner to acknowledge ' the services rendered by the batteries and detachments of the 'New Brunswick Regiment of Artillery. The officers and men 'of this branch of the militia force have shown a remarkable 'aptitude for ac([uiring a knowledge of their more difficult 'duties, which has called forth the marked commendation of 'ihe Major-General commanding in the Eower Provinces, and ' His Excellency has received the most satisfactory reports as 'to their general good conduct and efficiency.' * ^ * -^^ 'To the forces generally employed on the frontier His Excel- ' lency desires to express the gratification he has experienced ' in finding the officers, non-commissioned officers and men 'composing the force engaged in protecting those points of ' the frontier most threatened by attack, deserving of his entire 'confidence. His Excellency is fully aware that upon them 'devolved duties of a peculiarly difficult nature, the discharge 'of which was occasionally attended with a greater degee of ' hardship than His Excellency had anticipated or desired, but ' which have been accomplished to His Excellency's full satis- ' faction.' * Had it been the fortune of the militia volunteers of this 136 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE 'province, as it was of those in Canada, to meet in conflict * the armed invaders of our soil, His Excellency is certain that 'their conduct would have been such as to merit yet warmer ' commendation ; and they may take a pride in reflecting that ' the attitude assumed by the local force was among the causes ' which frustrated the projected invasion of this province.' During the year Surgeon I.eB. Botsford, M. D., retired with the rank of major, and was succeeded by John Berrv- MAN, M. I)., witii Dr. Joseph L. Bunting assistant surgeon. Captain B. Lester Peters received the brevet rank of lieu- tenant-colonel ; Lieutenant Inches that of captain, and Ser- geant James F. Robertson obtained a lieutenant's commission. Captain Pick became a major by brevet and James Mc- NiCHOL, jr., was appointed a lieutenant in Pick's battery. In 1867 there were many promotions and brevet rank was liberally granted. The raising of a new battery at Chatham, which had been undertaken in the previous year, was com- pleted and the following officers gazetted : Captain, Thomas F. Gillespie, First Lieutenant, Francis J. Letson, Second Lieittenant, John F. Gemmill. Major Berton's battery at Fredericton having become non- effective was struck off" the list. Major Berton had been regimental major since Lieutenant-Colonel Foster's promotion He now retired and was succeeded by Major Mount on 19th June, 1867. Lieutenant S. K. Foster, of Murray's battery, became paymaster on the same day vice Captain Wigoins, who retired with the rank of major. As Major Mount had vacated the adjutancy he was succeeded by Captain Jacob D. Under- hill on 17th July. Captain Edward H. Clarke replaced Captain Clewley in command of the battery at St. Stephen on 15th July of the following year. The minor promotions are all noted in the appendix. T^ N. v.. OARRISON ARTILLKRY. 137 The day appointed for the confederation of the provinces, July I St, 1867, ushering into life the Dominion of Canada, was duly celebrated by our artillery corps. At noon royal salutes were fired from King Square by Captain Murray's battery, and from Fort Howe by Captain Farmer's. Cap- tain B. L. Peters' battery was at the guns at Reed's Point to salute also, but only two guns were fired owing to a mistake in making up the cartridges, which were for 6-pr. in- stead of 3-pr. guns. Under the new regime militia and defence were subjects placed under the exclusive control of the Federal government, and the provincial force was drilled in 1868 under regu- lations from Ottawa prior to another re-organization. Dominion Day was celebrated this year by three salutes fired at 6, 8, and 9 a. m. by Pick's and FaRxMEr's batteries from King Square and Fort Howe. On the swearing in of Hon. L. A. WiLMOT as Lieutenant-Governor of the province, July 23, three salutes of thirteen guns each were fired from Fort Howe by Captain Farmer's battery. On 10th September the regiment assembled for eight days drill, and on the i6th range practice was commenced with 32-pr. S. B. guns at the barracks. The target, a flour barrel, was twice carried away, once by Mr. John Kerr of the ' new battery recently organized,' and the second time by Sergeant Frodsham of Major M. H. Peters' battery. In October of this year notification was received that provis- ion had been made for a class in gunnery at the school at Montreal. Companies were required to enrol in compliance with the new law. The year closed with the ninth anniversary of Portland battery which was celebrated by a ball and supper in the Temperance Hall, on December 23rd. Fieutenant- !i! i ! ^38 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE Colonel Foster presented a gold medal to Sergeant Napier which he had won in the September competition. This year, the last of the provincial organization, unfortu- nately brings to an end the historical continuity of the Col- viLLE company. Though by a very slender thread at times, yet still by one that holds, succession can be traced to (Captain MuRRAv, but on 2oth March, 1868, a militia order states that this battery having completed the term of engagement its ser- vices are dispensed with. It is probably better to withold the reasons which led to this step as they involve the charge of extremely disrespectful conduct by the captain of the bat- tery to Major Jac.o. There was no lack of efficiency on the part of the battery, however, and by July 14th of the same year there was a correspondence between Major Ja(;o and the I). A, (j. as to the appointment of Sergeant- Major John Kerr of Captain Pick's battery as lieutenant of a new company which was composed of a number of Captain Murray's men together with recruits. Even before this Sergeant-Major Kerr had been acting as lieutenant. Drill for this year was author- ized though not by orders in the * Gazette ' as the Dominion government pending the enactment of a militia law dealt only with corps and companies in existence. Acting Lieutenant Kerr's battery was so treated and the question of practical succession to the Colville company becomes an open one for the reader. From 1865 Lieutenant Colonel VVetmore of the 2nd battalion Charlotte County militia had maintained Cap- tain James Bolton's company at St. George as artillery. It was not in the regiment but was attached to the battalion for ad- ministrative purposes. At the close of the provincial administration, then, there were at St. John five batteries under Brevet Major Pick, Brevet Tft N. P.. GARRISON' ARTILLERY. 139 Major M H. Pkters, Brevet Major Farmer, acting Lieuten- ant Kerr, and Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel B. Lester Peters. At Woodstock : At St. Stephen : At St. Andrews : At Chatham : At St. George : Captain Eo'.ar's battery. Captain Clarke's battery. Captain Os burn's battery. Captain Gillespie's battery. Captain Bolton's company. The latter was not in the regiment. And thus we leave the old ' N. B. R. A.' which had been in existence for thirty years and in whose ranks had been found some of the foremost men of the province. While we must all be glad that a new era of activity had opened before the old organization, yet the change must cause deep and last- ing regret to all who care for the preservation of our regiments' story. For by an act of wanton vandalism almost every paper was destroyed which belonged to the records of the New Brunswick militia, and was not required to be transmitted to headquarters at Ottawa in connection with current business. Thus valuable material for accurate compilation is in many cases wanting, and this generation must depend upon the frag- mentary details which in one form and another have been transmitted from the past. In Ontario and Quebec all militia records were transferred and the result is that to-day their forces are regarded as a continuation of those existing anterior to confederation, while ours has been in some quarters erron- eously believed to have been of a much later creation. But it is submitted that these pages show conclusively that the company of John Colville, founded in 1793, lived to become a part of the regiment formed in 1838, the record of which under that designation is now brought to a close. Its future history will be told in the succeeding chapters under other 140 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF titles. As a further evidence of continuity that in 1868 the regimental officers were: Lieutenant-Colonel, S. Kent Foster, Brevet Lieut -Col. (Charles J. Melick, Majors \ Brevet Lieut.-Col, (J. Mount, Adjutant, Jacob D. Underhill, ■^ Captain, Paymaster, S. Kent Foster (captain), Quartermaster, W. A. Lockhart, Surgeon, John Berryman, M. D., ^^^/^/rt«// Stephen Smith, M. D., Surgeons,\]o^^^^ L. Bunting, M. D., IHE it may here be stated 29 March, 6 December, 6 December, 10 January, 19 June, 17 July, 2 January, 19 June, 28 March, 18 April, 7 February, 18 April, 1865. r859- 1859. 1866. 1867. 1867. 1867. 1867. 1864. 1866. i860. 1866. N. H. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 141 CHAPTER XIV. I869-I876. The ' Neio lirnn.'iwick Brigade of Garrison Artillery' — Visits of Lord Lis(far and Prince Arthur — Camp Barrack Square — Visit of Lord Diifferin — A Sad Accident — Formation of Dominion Artillery Association — A Gratifying Inspection. ^N the 7th January there was an assembly in the old drill shed. Merritt's building, Princess St., of Pick's, Far- ■^ mer's and Kerr's batteries, at which a medal for shooting was presented to a gunner of Major Pick's battery whose name is not recorded in the brief chronicles of the time. This was probably the last occasion on which the batteries assembled as component parts of the old regiment. Early in February Lieu- tenant-Colonel Foster sent his service rolls to Lieutenant- Colonei Maunsell to get some difficulties straightened out. In some cases, such as the batteries at Chatham and Portland, every officer and man had re-enrolled and the number of lieu- tenants was greater than the regulations allowed These officers had commissions under the old law and the subject was a difficult one to deal with. Happily, through the assistance and kind endeavors of Major J ago, then assistant adjutant-general of artillery for the province, matters were brought into a state of harmony. It is, indeed, difficult to realize the extent of the obligations of our corps to Lieutenant-Colonels Maunsell and Jago. At the time there was great uncertainty as to the positions these gentlemen would occupy. The latter had not for some years after confederation a regular appointment, but 142 HISTORICAL KIXORDS OF THE was continued in his position as if by sufferance and without that authority which his ability and the importance of his post demanded. It was also currently rumored that there were many applicants for the post of I). A. CI., but fortunately for the service in New Brunswick no changes were made and the new militia organizations throughout the province had the care and assistance which was so greatly needed at the critical period of adaptation to a new order of things. The continuity upon which our corps justly lays so much stress is evidenced by the following general order issued from the new head(|uarters under date of 6th February, 1869 : "The following corps enrolled under 31 Vic, c. 40, as well as those organized prior to ist October, 1868, which have within" three months after the act coming into force, re-enrolled as volunteers, are declared to be existing and continued as such. Province of New Brunswick. No. 8 Military District. artillery. Garrison Battery, - - St. John, do. - - do. do. - - St. George. do. - - do. do. - - Chatham." and by order of 5th March the batteries at Carleton and St. Andrews were declared to have been omitted from the order and were recognized, and a similar acceptance of the battery at St. Stephen was given by general order of 27th March. The order of 6th February also authorized the formation of a battery at St. George with the following officers : Captain^ Charles McGee, First Lieutenant, Robert A. Stewart, ' Second Lieutenant, Joseph Meating. N. H. GARRISON ARTILLERY, •4.? and the order of 5th March also authorized another battery at St. John, with Captain^ John Kerr, Mrst I. ieu tenant, John A. Kane, Second Lieutenant^ John Evans Daley. As before explained, this battery was raised at a time when there was no authority to accept its services, and consequently it does not appear on the official records until this date. The general order constituting the brigade bears date 26th May, 1869, and is as follows: "The formation of a Brigade of Garrison Artillery is hereby authorized, to be designated as the 'New Brunswick Brigade of C/arrison Artillery,' and will be composed of the following batteries, viz. : St. John. Carleton. Portland. St. Andrews. Woodstock. St. George. Chatham. St Stephen. St. George. St. John. V No. I, V ' .. \ No. 2, No. 3, No 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10, To be Lieutenant- Colonel, (( Majors u Paymaster, u Adjutant, (( Quartermaster, t( Surgeof f, S. K. Foster. Lieut.-Col. Charles J. Melick. Major J. Mount. Captain S. Kent Foster, jr. Captain J. D. Underhill. Quartermaster W. A. Lockhart. Surgeon John Berryman, M. D." The headcjuarters of the brigade were not ascertained until 17th December, when a general order fixed them at St. John.^ During the year the common council offered land at the - V,i'' X 1-: i '44 HISTORU.M. RKCORDS OF THK Ballast wharf for the erection of a drill shed but nothing was done towards [)roviding the needed accommodation. In fact the complaint was frequent then, as it is in some respects yet, that the favors of the tiilitia department are reserved for other localities than the ! .e Provinces. The usual salutes .vere fired on the i8th and 24th of May, and on the former day the band of the 60th Rifles played. This was one of the last occasions in which the Imperial troops par- ticipated in a local event in the province. With confederation the garrison was removed from St. John and the defence of the port was left to the local forces. Under the new rc^i^tme a school of instruction was opened of which many officers availed themselves, the new regulations making the possession of a certificate requisite for promotion. During the year the (iovernor-Cieneral, Sir John YouNd (Lord Lis(;ar) visited the Province. At Fredericton, on 31st August, he was received with due honors by the artillery under Lieutenant Stratton, and on his arrival at Indiantown on the 3rd September Major Farmer's battery fired a salute. A large and enthusiastic crowd greeted His Excellency on his debark- ation from the steamer David IP'eston, and when the carriage containing the vice-regal party arrived at the head of Portland another salute was fired by Major M. H. Peters' battery from Carleton Heights. Salutes by Captain Kerr's from Market Square, and Major Pick's from King Square announced the further progress of the party, and a guard of honor from the 78th Highlanders was drawn up at the Waverley Hotel. Next day a levee was held in the Court House, the 78th again fur- nishing the guard of honor. In the evening a firemen's parade enlivened the scene. St. John received a royal visitor on the 7th of the month X. H. GARRISON ARTILLERY, •45 in the person of H. R. H. Princk Arthur, Duke of Con- naught. The usual salutes were fired by the batteries and the 62nd St. John Volunteer Battalion shared in this as in the other celebrations. A ball was held in the evening and on the following day there were more salutes and the usual re- joicing. On September loth, H. R. H. visited Fredericton, where Lieutenant Stratton's company j)aid the usual honors. In the fall rifle competition (iunner Fallen of Major Gil- lespie's battery won both first prizes, the Prince of Wales' cup and medal, and the event was duly celebrated at Chatham by his comrades. There was another Fenian scare this year, which, though it did not immediately culminate, caused unusual preparations to be made. The 62nd Battalion were ordered to be in readiness but there does not seem to have been any call for the services of the artillery. The next year, 1870, was uneventful. Probably the most disagreeable feature of it was a review on 24th May during a snow storm. The artillery had ten guns on parade, three drawn by horses and the rest by hand. A royal salute was fired at noon and the shivering soldiers took but little comfort from the fact that the weather was so exceptional as to become historic. No. 3, the Portland battery which has always displayed a great deal of enterprise in social affairs made arrangements for hold- ing a picnic on the 9th August, at Oak Point, on the St. John river. .J^o doubt it was successful but the newspapers of the day do not record it. Gunner Joseph Ewing, who afterwards obtained command of the battery got his first step this year, being appointed second lieutenant. The next year opened with a ball on St. Valentine's day by 146 in>Tr)Rf(\i KicoKDs (»K rnK Captain Kkur's battt'iy. Tin.- Queen's birthday was oljscrscd by a review under < ircunistanees much more f'avoiable than those of thi- |)rt\ious \ear. SaUile> were filed by all the batteries during the incoming and at noon they jcjined with the Royal Artillery, while the 62nd lirid a /(// Jf Joic. The latter eor|)s presented an address to their retiring I lieutenant-Colonel, Cn.\Kt,r.s k. \\\\. The artillery inspection was held on 3rd October by I.ieu- tenant-Colonel M.\i\>i,i,i and Major JAoo, at which the brigade turned out about two hundred strong. In die evening the otficers gave a dinner to the inspecting officer. Tn the same month Lord Lisc.aw again passed through the city, and the artillery hred the customary salutes. The 62nd liattalion does not ap[)ear to have taken part at this time as it had, most unfortunately, been disbanded some time before for non-compliance with a general (jrder, and was then only in the process of re-organi/ation. Since this time the two corps have gone on side by side, each emulating the other's successes and sharing the trials and disappointments incident to militia ser- vice. Major Mli.kk, the senior regimental major, retired on 7th December, 187 1, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was succeeded by Brevet Major J'ick. The junior, Major Mount, also retired with rank of brevet lieutenant-colonel, and was succeeded by Major Martin Hunter Peters. Captain J. Alered Rixc. then succeeded to the command of No. 2 battery, Carleton, which he held for thirteen years. 1872 is remembered as the year of the first brigade camp at the Barrack Stjuare, St. John, where two hundred and fifty officers and men of the artillery, with a volunteer band, assem- bled on August 23rd. All the city batteries turned out and were joined by those of \\'oodstock and Chatham. A church T l.iiMit. r.i'U, Miijnr Cillrspii', l.iiMit. Fnisfi-, l.iiMit.-Ccil, (»tty. fiipt. Kiiiic. l.i.Mit. K.«in«. l.iiMit.r,,!. KosI.t, Asst. Siir^'mn Aii.lrows, I.ii'iit. Aniistniii- l.i, Mt. Ciuii'ton. I.init Cnl. ,l:i-,,. Ail.it. rn.li'ilii.ll. <'apt. RliiK. li'. Miijor Ciiiiiird, Miijur I'iik, Majdi- IVters. i i I li' If tarn N. I!. (;AKKisr)\ Ak'ni.i.KkV. U7 parade U) St. Paul's ( luirch was h(,'l(l on Sunday, the 25th inst., and the ('hathani hatter}- retuinrd to their houK; on the 29th. The prize for the hest shot ie the hrigade was awarded to IJoinl). ]. !)ko\\\ of Xo. 10, now No. 4 coinijany, and Mrs. JAOo's prize fell to No. i battery. ln,>pt;iE's battery trrned out to salute, and probably through the hurry of enthusiasm there was some oversight in the service of the vent or sponging out the gun. Whatever the cause may have been it is sad to relate that two men, Gunners J. Murkav and R. Stkei,, lost their lives by a pre- mature discharge. An infjuiry was ordered and the cause was reported to have been an unavoidable acc:ident. The event cast a gloom over the battery and greatly lessened its efficiency for some, time. At the competition in September Mrs. Jagg's silver cup was won by Sergeant C. Bkiaka of No. 3 battery, and the officers silver cup by No. 2 battery. Captain Cunard, a valuable officer, afterwards district storekeeper, assumed command of No. 3 this year in succession to Brevet Major Farmer, who became ([uartermaster in place of W. A. Lockhart. Early in the following year, on the appointment of Lieuten- ant-dovernor Tii.i.kv, a levee was held in St. John, and the event was celebrated by a salute from the guns of ("aptain Kane's battery. Captain (i. Fred Ring and Lieutenant- Colonel Saunders were appointed provincial aides-de-camp, and Lieutenant-Colonel |a(;o with Captains F. B. Hazen and Likely attended with a guard of honor. An address was presented to the new governor by the corporation of St. John, he havmg for many years represented that constituency both in the local and federal parliaments. On the 26th February there was a grand gathering in Smith's Hall, when the prizes won at the autumn competition were presented by Lieutenant-Colonel Maunsei,l The great event of the year, however, was 'Camp Dufterin,' held at the Bar- rack S(}uare, which opened on the 23rd July, and consisted of No. I battery under ('aptain Kane, with Lieutenants I)RUk\ f i^O HISTf)ltain ('unakd, Lieu- tenants S(C)ir and I'".ui\(; ; Xo. 7 under C"ai)tain (lii.M'isi'ii-: and Lieutenant 1''ranI':k, and Xo. lo und'jr Captain Armstkonc. and Lieuti-nants Ki.\(; and 'J'li.i,. IJeutc.-nant-Colonel Maun- sKiJ. was conmiandant of the cami) ; Lieute-nant I >, (1. Smith supply officer, and 217 offuH.TS and men were under canvas. '!'he force [)araded to St. Paul's church on the 26th, and next day Lieutenant-Clovcrnor 'J'ir.i.iA' and suite ])ai(l a visit to the cain[). The usual competition was held and resulted in the winning by No. 10 of the first prize; Nos. 2 and 3 tied for the second. No. 10 also won a cup presented by Lieutenant- Colonel Tfu'rciar, and (J^uartermaster Sergeant AkMSTKONd of No. 3 won a silver medal presented by Lieutenant-Colonel Thukcar, jr. During the camp Cunner Samuki, M( Intvrk of No. 3 was taken ill, and his death in August caused sad- ness to his comrades in their recollection of a pleasant camj). He was buried with military honors by his battery. The year closes with a more jjleasant event in the marriage of Captain CuNARi) on 2nd December. The gallant caj)tain entertained the men of No. 3 at supper on the evening preceding the ceremony and received a royal salute from his congratulatory gunners. During the year X'^o. 5 battery, Woodstock, was made a field battery and ceased lo be connected with the brigade. No. 9 battery, St. Ceorge, was transferred lo the infantry of Charlotte county, and X^o. S at St. Stephen had become non-effective. The year i(S75 is practically without record except that No. 3 battery with its usual enterprise held a soiree in the Portland Temperance hall which closed with a dance, about ninety c(ni[)les beiii'f on the floor. I.'^ N, i!. CAR R ISDN AR TII.I.KK V. I^^l In this year Licuteiiant Colonel jA(i() was a|)j)oinlL(l assistant inspector of artiller}' for Xew Ijruns\vi( k and Xova Scotia. A very im[)(jitant siej) was taken by the (officers of ihtj brigade on the 21st )anuai\-, I1S76, when they assembled in LieutenantColonel I'osij.r's (^ffK e to consider the fcjrmation of the Dominion Artillery Association. In 1S73 a Provincial association had been brought into existence, entirely through the efforts of Lieutenant CoUjnel Jac.o, but owing to the small nutn- l)cr of batteries and the limited memi)ership, it had not been able to accomplish very much. It had, h(jwever, laid the foundatioji of gcx.il woik in this direction and emphasized the necessity for such an organization. I.ieutenant-Colonel Maux- SKM., who [)resided at the meeting, was a[)j)ointed a delegate to represent the brigade at the organization meeting in Ottawa. No. 3 battery laid another comrade, (lunner I.ank Dunham, to rest on the 2nd r"ei)ruary, escorting the remains from I'ort Howe to Lancaster Heights. 'I'he firing {)arty was under com- mand of Lieutenant I'Avin(;. The brigade lost a good friend and excellent officer by the resignation of Lieutenant-('olonel jA(ir) of the j)ost of assistant adjutant-general of artillery. He sailed for lOngland in April, previous to w^iich he was jjresented with an address at the Lark Hotel by the officers of the artillery. The address was read by Lieutenant-('olonel Fosiiir, and Nhijors Pa k, Pi:ri.Rs and I*'armer, ('aptains Undkriiii.!., Oxard, Kani:, Rim;, AkMsiRoxc, Lieutenants Dri'rv, Wai.i.ack and Kixc;, and Surgeon Damki., were present. He left St. John on the 20th, the band of the 6211(1 Battalion j)laying a farewell, and the batteries firing a salute. The artillery, together with the engineers and 62n(l battalion, were called out on the 12th of July in aid of the civil {K>vver, } »52 HISTORICAL RP:C0RI)S OF THE a disturbance being ap[)rehended on the occasion of the Orange celebration. But happily it was found that the good citizens of St. John were so peaceably disposed that the services of the militia were not required, and after being a few hours under arms I.ieutenant-Colonel Foster dismissed the force. Only one man was shot that day. He was in the procession and carried a revolver. By some carelessness in handling it was accidentally discharged, causing him a flt,'sh wound in the thigh, and this was the only blood shed! The first competition for prizts offered by the Dominion Artillery Association was held in August and the winners were as follows : No. I Battery. 1st, Corporal Roherts, 2nd, Sergeant McGaw, 3rd, Gunner McIlwaine. No. 2 Battery. ist, Lieutenant Lander, 2nd, Captain Rin(;, 3rd, Gunner J. J. Gordon, No. 3 Battery. I St, Gunner Darrah, 2nd, Gunner Graham, 3rd, Sergeant Brown. No. 10 Battery. I St, Sergeant Dun lop, 2nd, Sergeant C. F. Langan, 3rd, Sergeant Magee. The prizes v^ere presented in the Carleton City Hall on the 5th September. It is worthy of note that with the many apparent disadvan- tages under which the corps was laboring, the inspector of N. 15. CARRISON ARTILLERY. 153 rrtillery, l.icutenant-Colonel Stranoe, should have been able to say in 1871 that with the exception of the New Brunswick Artillery, he believed few batteries in the Dominion had made gunnery their main object. '1 his opinion was strongly sup- ported by Lieutenant-Colonel Ja(;o, who had done his best to bring up the effuMency of the corps, and who felt that it was at that time the best in the Dominion. Again, in 1876, Lieu- tenant-("olonel .Strange in his annual report said : "The gun drill and practice of the brigade was very good. And I am of opinion that with the exception of the men of the two gunnery schools, who practically are regular soldiers, the New Brunswick (Jarrison Artillery is unsurpassed among those I have seen in the Dominion. I have less hesitation in pay- ing this tribute to their efficiency, because I can claim no part of the credit of their instruction, which must be given to my late assistant, Lieutenant-Colonel Darrel Jacjo, late Royal Artillery, and to Lieutenant-Colonel Foster, who has for many years commanded them and labored for their efficiency, no doubt assisted by the commanding officers of batteries, and by hiir adjutant. Major Underhill, who has a first-class cer- tificate from the Kingston Gunnery School. Major Cunard's, No. 3 battery, was not drawn for drill this year, but they per- fTOKir.\I, KIXORDS OF THE tidk The next year tlie brigade sustained a st ere loss !))• the sudden death on March 21st of Major ('iI.()R(;i: li. Sf.ma, who, in a few years liatl risen to the second j)osition in the corps and was resj)ecte(l for liis ability and kindliness of heart. Many a young officer was encouraged by him, and many an older one strengthened by his wise and timely advice. With a hopeful career before him at the l)ar of his jjrovince, his death was not merely a loss to a single organization but to the community. \Vhen but a lad of fifteen, the I^'enian trouble broke out, and young Sekln', then a member of a school cadet corps, enlisted in a company of \'ork coujity militia and went to the front. His record as an officer in tl-e cor])s has bjen already told. Owing to his illness being of a contagious nature the funeral was j)rivate, but the officers of the l)rigade followed tht.' hearse to the railway station from whence the body was taken to Fredericton, where it was interred. The Infantry School cor[)s there preceded the hearse and as the body of Major Ski.i.v was laid to rest by the side of his father three volleys paid sorrow- ful tribute to the departed. His death cast a gloom over the annual meeting which was held on March 31st, and at which the following resolutions were adopted : - IVhen'iis, We are called upon to mourn the loss by death of Major (ii:o. H. Si:i:i.v, of this corps : Resolved, 'I'hat we, the officers of the X. B. B. (}. A., place on rec'ord an expression of our deep sorrow and regret for the loss of a brother officer, who, since his connection with this corps in 1885 has taken the greatest interest in it, and has been both a strength and an ornament thereto. As a battery officer he was not only resj)ected and bjloved by his men, but by his painstaking attention to his military duties, indefatigable zeal and honorable ambition to j)Iace his command at the head of the list, he succeeded in gaining for No. i battery a position for efficiency which was second to but one r ■' 1 w K • .' <-< p H ~' .■ ' ■ • ' <— 1 ■: i^"*" i X M ■ „ -.i^V ^ s • ■*• jr < X ^— ^rjlL; • V -i ,,\ ... ^'^wt . * / ^ . - ^i - -^ - 1^ r^ n' vi^ 7 -* Ak^^"" "^ %-. . tt| 2 ji-^ H H '.!/■' ' - "^ *%.'^S-. ;, ^H ,K ,, - f " ^ \'" %''^^-'. j^^%f^ d ^^ - # " ■'''' ^''""^"iC *■;■ K^ u ^^^_^ ^__j(iS*^.'\ ■^i^ '^'"^'i^lH^H Q >., H^., * ' 1 * ' r". 'V' • ^ ' 'WPIP^^^'* > I 5 m \ ' 1 'M ' ' 1 \\ -lmIm; 1 I 1 H > ?^'? '/ i»^^ ^K^^H^^^^I > i ■ ^^ ■ fi r fS^' 4 " .,- ■ > r mfiW.-' :''-''■ D »' ^ L-^ ^>f' ■ r. pi''*' 4 K "' ^ 'MB i- ■'■ -.'' ^ . "^ . ' - fi > ff ' 'i" " ^ A ^H^^ iiiS'" <'' t 1 /f i %. ■ , Cl ^ f/i ^>A H S- 1% ';r y|li ' 7 'i ■ ^'1 ©^ Q > t^ • ^■''' - CO = •-^-^ ■ $ tt^^^BK^^^^KM 01 ^ «^ii ' a rf ikM l&Mi V-- ^"^ W ^3|fc^^ tn -ic.-*. . ■s3m ^^ >«; 1) W J^W X 't •1 ^ ' ft m^ p ..••■• .> % i I JL V \. i; (lARKlSON ARTILI.KkV. 'H3 «to -r 4^ in the whole artillery of Canada. As a member of the regimental committee his (ool, clear judgment was invaluable, and he was ever ready and willing to give to its deliberations the benefit of his presence and advice. Wv admired him for his manly bearing, his intellectual ability, his firm integrity and his patriotism ; we loved him for his constant courtesy, his fidelity and his kindness of heart. Kcsolved, 'i'hat we send a copy of the foregoing resolutions to his widowed mother, to whom we would also most respect- fully extend our warmest sympathy in her deep affliction. In that year the brigade obtained from the city of St. John two lots of land on W'inslow street, Carleton, for the erection of a drill shed. The corps during the yeai built a shed on Fort Howe for No. 3 battery at a cost of about $1000, of which only $250 was contributed l)y the government. A man- ual of rifle and artillery exercises was published by the corps, the work being compiled by Captain Langan and Lieutenant Baxter. Church parade was again held at St. John's church, and the sermon preached by Rev. John DkSovrf.s, the rector. Inspection was held on August 28th, and on the 29th the officers entertained Lieutenant-Colonel Irwin at dinner at the Dufferin hotel. No. i battery was successful in winning the Botsford cup, and the event was duly celebrated by a supper given by its otKicers to the battery on the evening of Septem- ber 8th. In the fall of this year His Excellency the Governor- General and Ladv Stani.kv of Prkston visited the city. A salute was fired from Fort Howe on the arrival of the train. On the 1 8th December the death occurred of Lieutenant-Colonel J.\(;o to whom fretjuent reference has before been made in these pages. In 189 T the corps provided a drill shed for Car'eton battery which however was not completed in time for occupation for the purposes of that year's drill. The cost was $1200, of which T 1 r84 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE the government gave the small grant of $250. At the annual church parade to St. John's church on August 30th, a number of the officers of H. M. .S. Tourmaline, which was again in port, ac- companied the staff of the brigade. Rev. (1. E. Lloyd, formerly chaplain of the Queen's Own Rifles, preached the sermon. On September 2nd the bluejackets of the Tourmaline joined with the artillery and 62nd in another demonstration which was ([uite as successful as the one previously mentioned. After the par- ade the men of the several corps were entertained at the drill shed by His Worship Mayor Pkters. The inspection by Lieutenant-Colonel Montizamhert re- sulted in No. 1 battery winning third i)rize, $25, in the general efficiency with 247 out of a possible 260 points. The Botsford cup was also won by this very efficient battery. Another brilliant event in the social history of the corps was the ball held in the assembly rooms of the Mechanics' Insti- tute, on April 30th following. The brigade again entertained some hundreds of their friends. Among those invited were the officers of Infantry School Corps, Fredericton ; 8th Cavalry, Halifax Garrison Artillery; Brighton Engineers; 66th P. L. F., Halifax; 62nd, 66th, 71st and 74th Battalions, and the St. John Rifle Company. This year's inspection found both Nos. i and 4 in the third place with 244 points each. They divided the prize. No. 4 was the winner of the Botsford cup. All ol the city corps attended service on the same day, August 21st A brigade was formed which was afterwards separated, the artillery going to St. John's church and the 62nd and Rifle company to the Mission church. The vacant majority was filled on 1 6th December by the promotion of Captain Gordon, of No. 2 battery, who was succeeded in the command of the battery by Lieutenant Baxter. On New Year's day, 1893, the N. P.. O.VkKISON AR'IILl.KKY. i«5 new majcjr received a testimonial of the esteem in which he was held by his old command. At the 'At Home' given by the band, Ca|)tain Haxti R read an address from the battery and j)resented Major (lokDON with a neat gold headed cane suitably inscribed. On the same day a brief historical sketch of the corps, the precursor of this volume, was published in the Canadian Mili- tary (lazette. The Dominion Artillery Association at their annual meeting in the following year chose Lieutenant-Colone' Armstrong as their president. At the regimental meeting on March 27th, 1893, the follow- ing was adoj)ted : - ' Resolved^ That the officers of the New Brunswick Brigade ' of ( larrison Artillery desire to express to Lieutenant-Colonel 'Akuuthnot Bi>aim:, late commanding the 62nd St. John ' Fusiliers, and senior officer at this station, upon his retire- ' ment therefrom, their apj)reciation of his long and successful ' work in the militia service, and their sincere hope that he ' may live for many years to see the continued prosperity of ' the force which has so warm a place in his heart.' It was also resolved to celebrate the centenary of the corps in a suitable manner. How that was done must be told in another chapter. 1 86 HISTORICAI. RFXORDS OF THE CHAP'IER XVII. The Sergeant-Major and Non-Commissioned Officers. 'IGH in importance among the elements of a successful corps are the non-commissioned officers. It is not necessary to repeat the trite language of the drill books as a definition of their duties. No mere words can describe their usefulness, and their duties can only be learned by ex- perience and common sense. Much of the success which has attended our corps in the past and a great measure of its present strength lies in the ability and good judgment of the men who wear the stripes. Under the present excellent sys- tem, which requires each non-commissioned officer to answer a number of questions each year ensuring some theoretical knowledge on their part, and by the judicious selections for appointment which have been made in all the companies, the efficiency of the non-commissioned officers has been maintained. Too much importance cannot be attached to the manner in which a recruit receives his first instruction, and as this is generally given by a sergeant or corporal, their ranks should be held in high regard. An excellent feature of the regiment is that many of its officers have served in the ranks and are, by practice, well acquainted with the adaptation of drill to the needs of the soldier and the service. Among the non-commissioned officers of the regiment the Sergeant-Major is of course chief in rank, but more than that N. I'.. GAKKISON ARTILLKKY. 187 he is first in the affections both of officers and men. His connection with our force dates from 1862 when he came to St. John from Halifax in the gunboat Spitt'fu/. Sergeant- Major Samuki, Hu<;Hf:s was then in "K" battery, 4th brigade, R. A., under Captain Stran(;vvavs, and at St. John was with his bat- tery transferred to Captain Morris' "A" battery, 8th brigade. He arrived in St. John October 31st, 1862, and for thirty-three years has been a resident of the city. For some years he was occasionally detailed to give instruction to the local batteries in field gun drill, and in 1866 on the strong representation of Major Jacio was transferred to the N. B. Regiment of Artillery, being at the same time placed on the Coast Guard, R. A., as brigade sergeant-major. The latter step gave him a permanent rank in the Imperial force, while in the militia artillery he became regimental sergeant-major. Since that time his service has been constant. Many officers of our corps since that time have passed through his hands for instruction, and hundreds of recruits have been by him initiated into the mysteries of drill. With the right siege train at Sebastopol he took part in four bom- bardments, was wounded on 6th June and 7th September, 1855, being present at the fall of the great fortress, and proudly wears the reward of his services in the Crimean medals. Every offi- cer and man of the corps will join in saying that the tokens of honor were never displayed on a braver or more faithful breast. Sergeant-Major Hughes was born at Porthywayne, Shropshire, on the borders of Wales, on 25th July, 1835, and has therefore recently completed his sixtieth year. May he many times again appear on parade with the corps for which he has worked so strenuously and which is so greatly indebted to him. A quarter of a century ago he was held in such esteem by 1 88 HISTORICAI RF.rORDS OF THE the ("()rj)s, tliat, at a |)ara(lo in Mcrritt's building, he was prc- senteil by the l)ngacle, through I Jeutenant-Colonel Fostkr, with a handsome gold watch, hearing the following inscription : '•Presentetl to Sergeant-Major S. HiM.fii.s R. A., by the otifirers, non-t:omniissione(l otiicers and gunners of Batteries i, 2, 3, »o, N. IJ. H. ("lii.rison Artillery, Dominion of Canada, January 27th, 1.S70." The following address accompanied the gift : New Brunswick Brigade of (larrison Artillery, Head(|uarters, St. John, N. H., Dominion of Canada, January 27, 1870. Sergeant-Major Hughes, R. A. : The staff officers of the brigade, and the officers, non-com- missioned officers and gunners of batteries Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 10, under the respective commands of Major Ckorck H. Pick, Major M. H. Petkrs, Major R. Farmer and (Captain John Kerr, have great pleasure in recording their unanimous approval of the faithful and efficient manner in which you have discharged the duty of your position of drill instructor to this portion of the brigade, from the date of your appointment in September, 1863, to the present time. On several occasions during that period the batteries were inspected by Major-General Sir H. IJovle, and other govern- ment officers of Her Majesty's Service, all of whom bestowed the highest encomiums on the practical results of your tuition. As drill instructor to the corps, your ability and happy man- ner of imparting knowledge, have secured our fullest confidence, and as a man, your exemplary conduct has won our highest respect and esteem. As a small token of our friendship we ask you to accept this gold watch and chain ; and our best wishes for your future happiness and prosperity. (Signed) S. K. Foster, Lieutenant-Colonel commanding. .Skrgeant-Major HrOHES. N. n. C.AKRISOX ARTILLLRV. I 89 Sergeant Huches responded as follows: Lieuteuant-Colonel J-oster and Staff Officers of the Brigade of Garrison Artillery of Ne7V Brunsunck : Majors Pick, Peters and Farmer, and Captain Kerr, to- gether with the resjjeetive non-commissioned officers and gunners under their respective commands, having declared through )ou their apjjroval of the manner in which I have discharged my duty as drill instructor, and also referred to the flattering re- marks made on several occasions by (leneral Sir C. Hast- iNcis DovLE in reference to the high state of discipline which you have actjuired, nothing, sir, can possibly be more gratify- ing to the liritish soldier than to know his humble servic:es have met with the approbation of his commanding and other officers, also the non-commissioned officers and gunners of the l)ortion of the service to which he belongs. And with reference to the discipline of these batteries, I have only to state that when I consider the facilities granted by my officers and the untiring zeal and determination of the non-coi.. missioned officers and gunners to approach as near as possible the perfection of Her Majesty's artillery of the regular army, that had we failed to elicit favorable remarks from Sir C. Hastincs Dovm:, I would have decidedly looked upon myself, and myself alone, as the person to blame ; but I have also to add the testimony of a gentleman of long military experience, and who has wit- nessed the mancjevuring of volunteers in different parts of the several provinces in our Dominion, that the artillery to which we have the honor to belong will bear favorable comparison with those he has seen in other places. And with reference to the gold watch and chain - a token of your kindness to me, which I neither expected nor deserved - a present which, notwithstanding its great value, shall 1 e prized by me as a great treasure, chiefly as a memento of the happy years I have spent with the Volunteer Artillery of St. John, New Brunswick, and for which I can only return you all my sincere thanks. The sergeant-major, besides his other decorations, has also received the medal bestowed for long service and good conduct, one of the proudest emblems which a soldier can display. A IQO HISTORICAL RFXORDS OF THE portion of the i)eriod of service for which this medal was granted was spent in the regiment. Though the corps did not directly contribute to the force engaged in the suppression of the rebellion in the North-West, yet, as before mentioned, one officer, Captain Harrison, saw service, though before he was connected with the brigade. The corps had another representative in the field in the person of Corporal Thomas Richardson of No. 4 battery, who, while attending a short course at "A" battery, Quebec, volunteered and went to the front. He served in the engagements at Fish Creek and Batoche. Upon his return he was banquetted at the Clarendon Hotel by his comrades of No. 4, and was presented by Lieutenant-Colonel Armstrong with a handsome meerschaum pipe, on the silver ferrule of which the namcb of the battles were engraved. The pipe was the gift of No. 4 Battery, and was accepted by the recipient with modest thanks. N. B. CARKLSON AR TILLEKV, 191 CHAPTER XVIII The Band. The Miush of the Corps and Its Makers-Formation of the Band What Has Been Done and Who Hare Done It-Present Member- ship. j^ ^HE Artillery band has become such a leading organization ^Y among the musical circles of Saint John, that in a his- tory of the corps it requires to be dealt with by itself. Of course, like the rest of the regiment, much of its work is of a routine character which would be very dry reading, but, nevertheless, it has been the patient performance of just such routine work which has enabled the band to occupy the same relative position among other bands as the corps does among other corps, and that is, be it modestly said, a high one for efficiency. Prior to 1885 the artillery had to depend upon hiring the services of civilian bands or at times to rely on such a fife and drum organization as could be got together, 'i'he lat- ter was at times very good while at other periods probably the less said about it the better. Upon the present lieutenant- colonel assuming command it was decided to bring the musi- cal department mto line with the other work of the corps, and, by great good fortune, the brigade possessed the right m'an to do it. He was soon put in the right place and to Captain S. I). Crawford, for many years president of the band com- mittee, is almost entirely due the great success with which the band has met and the steady increase in its efficiency. Nor has his task been unattended with difficulty for the selection and maintenance of an efficient musical organization is prob- ably one of the most difficult tasks which can be undertaken. 192 HISTORICAI, RECORDS OK THE 'I'he light man must be selected and the tuition must be care- fully watched. I'^ngagemeiits for the services of the band have to be made with a due regard to the interests of the corps and with consideration for the fact that almost every engage- ment takes at least a portion of the men from their daily vocations. All of these things have been well and carefully done and the corps appreciates the fact that the success is due t^ the enthusiasm and untiring energy of the president of the band committee. In 1885 tliere existed what was known as the City Brass Band. They were unpretentious musicians but anxious for improvement, and for a chance to show what they could do under favorable conditions. Negotiations ware carried on for some time which resulted in the appearance of the band in the uniform of the corps, on October ist, 1885. Three days later the band accompanied the brigade to divine service. The leader was Michael Madkian, a veteran of the Crimean war. The men enrolled were : — Alhert Burgess, James Holman, Charles H. Smith, Wm. Duncan, Thos. Duncan, J. A. LiRSETT, Joseph Matthews, John M. Jenkins, W.M. Mitchell, Samuel Patterson, Albert Watters, A. J. Charlton, and soon afterwards John Penfold, Fred. Menelev and Fred. VV. Amland were added to the roll. At the inspection of 1885 the corps had music, not, per- haps, of a very ambitious character, but the men who made it were bound that it should be improved. It was then a difficult matter for the infant band to obtain engagements, and Mr. A. B. Colwell, afterwards an enthusiastic member who contributed an excellent newspaper sketch of its history, is authority for the statement that members of other bands would Captain S. D. Crawford, (President of the Band Committee.) N. P.. GARRISON' ARTILLERY. 193 not give their assistance even for pay. In the next year Mr. CoLWK[,L and James Sullivan joined the band, and contrib- uted much to its efficiency. During the winter of 1886 the band was instructed by M. J. Pen fold, of the Royal Irish Rifles, but his removal to Halifax, after a few months' service, left them again without a tutor. The corps provided a set of new instruments in this year, and near its close Charles H. Williams, who had formerly been band sergeant on H. M. S. Royal Alfred, was engaged as bandmaster. Under his tuition they came on rapidly and were emboldened to enter the lists in a band competition in which the 62nd battalion and the City Cornet bands took part. This was in 1887, and the tyros re- ceived honorable mention from the judge, Bandmaster Coole, of the 2nd battalion York and Lancaster Regiment. In the previous summer the boys had secured an engagement with the St. John firemen who visited Halifax to participate in a tournament. They acquitted themselves so creditably that the obtaining of engagements became no longer difficult. Their progress continued in the right direction under Mr. Williams until, in 1889, it was felt by the band committee that the ex- clusive services of a bandmaster were required for so good an organization, Mr. Williams being instructor for three city bands. Mr. J. M. White then took up the baton which he wielded until the end of the year, when the present bandmaster, Thomas W. Horsman, took charge. The result has been surprising, for today the Artillery band acknowledges no superior in the Maritime Provinces and possibly the field of competition might be more extended. Mr. Horsman, who was born in Leeds, England, in 1857, enrolled as a bandsman in the 2nd battalion Royal West Kent Regi- ment when but 14 years of age. His studies on the baritone 194 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE showed such proficiency that he was sent by the officers of his regiment to Kneller Hall, where the more promising musicians of war receive their education. Here he spent two years under instruction and was made the euphonium soloist of the Hall. He rejoined his regiment, now known as the 97th, at Bermuda, in 1874, and has since followed its fortunes in Halifax, Gib- raltar and South Africa, in which latter place it was stationed during the Boer expedition in 1879-80. The regiment was then sent to Dublin where the subject of this sketch obtained his discharge. He then came to Halifax and played in the band of the Halifax Garrison Artillery and that of the 63rd Rifles until he removed to St John to take charge of the band of this corps. Mr. Horsman volunteered for service in the North-West campaign and went to the front as a sergeant in No. 2 company of the Halifax Garrison Artillery. It may be said of our band that since its formation it has shared in every event in which the corps has taken part. In the hours of gaiety it has furnished music for the ballroom, and in those of mourning its strains of sorrow have expressed the sentiments of the regiment. The whole cost of maintaining the band has been borne by the officers of the corps without calling on the public for any assistance. The present set of instruments is worth about $1500, and additions in number and value are yearly being made. The Christmas season of 1890 found the boys so jubilant over their successes that they serenaded many of the officers of the corps. They also acknowledged the arduous work done on their behalf by Captain Crawford by presenting him with an address and a souvenir of the occasion. A presentation N. P.. GARRISON ARTILLERY. 195 was also made to Bandmaster Horsman, evidencing the good feeling which then and ever since has existed between him and his men. On New Year's day, 1891, the band held an "At Home" in their rehearsal rooms, to which, besides the officers and non-commissioned officers of the corps, many prominent citizens and friends of the band were invited. This event has become a custom, which was unfortunately interrupted in the present year because of the death of a near relative of one of the bandsmen. These social gatherings have always been of an exceedingly pleasant nature and have done much to familiarize both the corps and the public with the personnel and work of the band. On 17th May, 1892, the band, under the auspices of the officers of the corps gave a concert in the Opera House, St. John, which was spoken of in the highest terms. On this occasion the band was assisted by Mrs. John Black, Miss PiDdEON and Mr. A. M. Y. Custance, three well-known vocalists. The band paid a visit to Charlottetown, P. E. I., in July, where they entered into a band competition and were awarded the first prize. Their participation in the celebration of the centennial of the corps appears elsewhere and space forbids an ex- tended notice of the many functions in which they have taken part. In 1895 they added a new feature to their an- nual programme by giving a special "At Home " to their lady friends on February 4th, hich, it is almost needless to say, proved a most enjoyable affair. The present membership and instrumentation of the band is as follows : ^ 196 HISTORICAI. klXORDS OF THP: BANDMASTEK. Thomas W. Hoksman. HKRfiKANTS. Arthur B. Farmer. Fred Menei,ey. C'LAUIONKTS. F. H. Watson, F. W. Amland, H. S. Crawford, I). Stewart, W. Noakes, W. Burton, T. Horsman. KLUTE. OBOE. l'IC('OI,0. R. E. Crawford. A. Cook. W. G. V. Stokes. BASSOON. J. W. Stanley. HORNS. W. Moore, F. McFeters, M. H. Wilson, J. McLeod. CORNETS. T. W. Horsman, W. H. McIntvre, F. N. Jordan, F, Horsman, R. McMurray, H. McClaskey, L. Corey. TROMBONES. W. Mitchell, W. H. Wilson, N. Hutchinson, (Bass). BARITONE. EUPHONIUM. ALTO CLARIONET. F. McNichol. Allan G. Crawford. F. W. Eddlestone. BASSES. Arthur B. Farmer, Fred Meneley (BB b). J. Kane. DRUMS AND CYMBALS. W. R. Browne, (Bass Drum). J. A. Lipsett, (Side Drum.) J. Stewart, (Cymbals). U N. n. C.ARRISON ARTII.LKKV. •97 f CHAPTER XIX. The Fortifications. r has never been said of the gunners of New Hrunswick that 'They lay along the battery's side, Beneath the smoking cannon,- ' and, therefore, but little interest is attached to the few points where guns and embrasures denote the posts of the artillery- man. Yet some of the fortifications have been the scene of battles and others have been beautified by the magic of romance. At St. John, within a radius of little more than a mile, are three points of interest, one of which recalls the days when the lilies of France waved over Acadie ; another, the love story of a British soldier who rose from the ranks to a seat in his country's parliament; while the third stands as a memorial of the days of 1812, an object lesson in stone of the advance of the science of war. The three points are the ' Old Fort,' as it is commonly called, or Fort LaTour ; Fort Howe; and the Martello Tower on Lancaster Heights. Besides these there are Dorchester battery. Red Head battery, the defences on Partridge Island and Fort Duiferin. The story of Fort LaTour is one of tragic interest. Shortly before the Treaty of Saint Germain in 1632, by which Acadie was ceded to the crown of France, preparation had been made by that country for taking possession of the territory. Accord- ingly, about 1631, Charles de LaTour commenced building a fort at the mouth of the Saint John river on the western f^* T '98 HISTOUICAL klXOKDS OF TIIK side of the harbor, on a small neck of land opposite Xavy Island. This fort was not completed until about 1635. It was about 180 feet stpiare and was palisaded. Much of the material for the construction of the bastions seems to have been taken from what is now the channel between the site of the fort and Navy Island, and it is probable that the channel was widened by design as well as by nature. Trior to the completion of the fort LaTour had been aj)pointe(l governor of the eastern district of Acadie, practically comprising Nova Scotia, while d'Aui.nav Chaknisav was given the command over the western district, or New Brunswick as it is now called. This demarcation of boundaries found LaTouk with a large and well fortified position within Charnisav's territory, while at Port Royal Chaknisav held an ecjually important post within the jurisdiction of LaTour. Chaknisav displayed the utmost jealousy of LaTour and assiduously endeavored to undermine his influence at the court of France. After years of scheming he succeeded and was empovered to seize both LaTour and his wife and send them prisoners to France upon charges of treason. He made several attempts to capture the fort at Saint John but was always re- pulsed, La'" on one occasion having obtained assistance from R«' ;, the Huguenot stronghold, and on another from the m its of Boston. But he was not always destined to be so fortunate. During his absence in April, 1645, when the fort was commanded by Madame LaTour and a small garrison, Charnisay again attacked it. The garrison led by the noble woman repulsed the invaders and they drew off having suffered considerable loss. But treachery accomplished that which arms could not achieve. A Swiss sentry revealed to Chaknisav the weakness of the fort and he tried a land attack. Once again N. li. CAKUISON' AKIIIIIKV. ir)() till- g;illant lady roused the defenders and inspired them by an exhibition of her personal courage. Chakmsay finding hinl^elf again in danger of being defeated, proposed honorable terms of surrender for the capitulation of the garrison. Madame I a TocR seeing no ho|)e of the siege bei«ig raised, and trusting the word of a soldier, on l-^aster Sunday, April i6 of that year, opened the gates to the victor, who gave immediate orders that the garrison be hanged, sparing the lives of only two, Madame La Tour and a soldier who consented to become the executioner of the others. Broken hearted with grief the noble lady died soon afterwards and was buried somewhere near the * Okl I'brt ' in a grave that is unknown today. This scene of heroism wa^ captured by the British under Colonel Monckton in 1758, and was afterwards known as ' Fort Frederick.' Mention was made of it in the first chapter when the defences of the city were strengthened in anticipation of a French invasion in 1793. On the opposite bank of the river, near Rankink's whaif, Charnisav also had built a fort, portions of which may yet be distinctly traced. Wl ile excavating for a sewer a few years ago the workmen found a number of cannon balls of small calibre. Fort Howe, situated on a rocky eminence in the old Parish of Portland, now part of the City of Saint John, was garrisoned by a corps under Major CiUII.fori) Studholm in 1777-78, in consequence of a threatened revolt of the Indian tribes, and was for many years the chief military post at Saint John. In 1784 Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Morsb:, R. E., reported to Sir Guy Carleton, general and commander-in-chief, upon this and all other fortifications in the Province of Nova Scotia. The report is published in the Dominion archives for 1884, and is a very interesting document. Lieutenant-Colonel Morse ^^ 200 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE was not greatly impressed with the utiHty of the defences at this post where, he thought, too Httle land had been reserved for defensive purposes. The fort had then accommodation for 12 officers and 100 soldiers. It was armed with 2 i8-pr., 4 6-pr., and 2 4-pr., iron guns besides 2 5^-mch brass mortars. This fort was abandoned as a military position in 1821, the last regiment station there being the 74th under Lieutenant-Col- onel French. The ordnance store and wharf were at York Point, the store houses being on the site now occupied by Messrs. vStarr, and the wharf was afterwards called Hare's wharf. The old store houses still standing on the skirt of the hill on the Rockland road were the married officers, ({uarters. The brick shoe factory on Paradise Row opposite the mission church of St. John the Baptist, is on the site of tne officers' mess. The ' King's store house,' was on the corner of Main and Mill streets, while the ' Red Store ' or commissariat was at the head of Long wharf. The romance of Fort Howe is that of Wiemam Cohbett, who was stationed there about 1783. Cobbett was born in 1762 at Farnham, in Surrey, England, and was a field laborer. He became a soldier, and while at Fort Howe was a sergeant- major of infantry. While walking out with some companions early on a winter's morning he first saw his future wife, who was a daughter of a sergeant of artillery. Four years afterwards, upon obtaining his discharge, Cobbett was married to the girl whom he had seen on that winter's morning scrubbing out a washing tub on the snow at daybreak. After his marriage Cob- bett lived for some time in France studying the language. He removed to Philadelphia, where he compiled a French and English grammar. After remaining in the United States for about eight years he returned to England, where he established I N li. I'.AKRISON AKTII.I.IiKV 20I a considerable reputation as the author of 'Rural Rides,' 'Cot- tage Economy,' the ' Protestant Reformation,' and works on America. At last, after the passing of the first Reform Bill in 1832, he was elected member of Parliament for Gldham. He was entirely self-taught and thus describes the conditions under which he accjuired a knowledge of grammar : " I learned grammar when I was a private soldier on the pay of sixpence a day. The edge of my berth, or that of the guardbed, was my seat to study in ; my knapsack was my bookcase ; a bit of wood, lying on my lap, vas my writing table ; and the task did not demand anything like a year of my life. I had no money to purchase candle or oil ; in winter time it was barely that I could get any evening light but that of the fire, and only my turn even of that. And if I, under such circumstances and without parent or friend to advise or encourage me, accomplished this undertaking, what excuse can there be for any youth, however i)ressed with business, or however circumstanced as to room or other conveniences. To buy a pen or sheet of paper I was compelled to forego some portion of food, though in a state of half-starvation. I had no moment of time that I could call my own, and I had to read and to write aniid;it the talking, laughing, singing, whistling and brawling of at least half a score of the most thoughtless of men. and that, too, in their hours of freedom from all control. 'I'hink not lightly of the farthing that I had to give, now and then, for ink, pen or paper. That farthing was, alas I a great sum to me. I was as tall as I am now ; T had great health and great exercise. The whole of the money, uOt expended for us at market, was twopence a week for each man. I remember — and well I may, that, upon one occasion I, after all absolutely necessary expenses, had on a Friday, made a shift to have a halfpenny in reserve, which I had destined for the [)urchase of a red herring in the morning; but when 1 pulled off my clothes at night, so hungry, then, as to be hardly able to endure life, I found that I had lost my half-penny 1 I buried my head under my miserable sheet and rug, and cried like a child I And again, I say, if I, under circumstances like these could ! I' 202 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE encounter and overcome this task, is there, can there be in the whole world, a youth who can find an excuse for the non-perfor- mance? What youth, who shall read this, will not be ashamed to say, that he is not able to find time and opportunity for this most essential of all the branches of book-learning?" A newspaper item in the year 1800 refers to the arrival of CoBBETT at Halifax on the 6th June on his way from New York to England, and suggests, with bated breath, that he was *said to have dined with the Duke of Kent.' The item also tells that he had landed before in Halifax as a 'simple corporal.' The Martello Tower on Lancaster Heights is of the same character of defensi' work as the towers at Quebec. On a height between two and three hundred feet above the sea level it is an imposing object and looks as though it should have a more thrilling history than that which it possesses. Its build- ing was begun in 1800 and was not finished until 1813. Nearly all the stone used in its construction was carried by soldiers on hand barrows from the sea beach, half a mile away, through a forest and up a steep hill to its site. Hun- dreds of men must have toiled at the ma'.ing of the old tower, which was probably impregnable in those days but which could not long withstand the Palliser shot and the armour piercing projectiles of modern days. It was originally mounted with four 48-pr. and two 24-pr. guns but for many years the arma- ment was reduced to two 33-pr. carronades. During the Fenian scare in 1866 the roof was taken off" and guns were mounted, but they have long since been removed. Opposite the tower on the adjacent hill there used to be a wooden block house the main portion of which was raised some distance from the ground. It had accommodation for forty men, and was called Fort Drummond. It fell into decay and was torn down some years ago. It has often been proposed that the old tower N. H. GARRISON' AR TII.I.KRV. 203 should be razed and a modern fortification substituted for it upon the commanding height. 'I'he suggestions have even gone so far as to include a Royal School of Artillery stationed there, but desirable as that may be to the peo[)le of St. John the removal of the historic sentinel of the i)ast would be dep- recated by all who feel an interest in the davs and things of old. Should the old fabric ever be removed, however, its memory will be perpetuated in the following admirable lines, which, by special permission of their author, Patrick Mc- Carthy, Esq., alderman of the city of St. John, are here re- produced : — THE MARTELLO TOWER. Upon a craggy crest Proudly it stands. Its profile outlined 'gainst the azure arch Of Heaven's dome; right regally it bears The footmarks of Decay's destructive march ; Still solid as the cliff wherefrom it rears , Its rough hewn, stony breast In circling bands Of masonry, that b...ve the gales of Time Which round its tap'ring sides so fiercely bellow ; And veils of fog and shrouds of icy rime Have left few tarnishings on stone or lime, About the old Martello. ■n Massive the noble tower Seems to the sight, Suggesting foemen fierce, and siege and death And kindred horrors of grim, gory, fray ; III! !il 204 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE It sentinels the broad expanse beneath Of city, river, harbor, beach and bay, And in unconscious [)ower Looms on the height, A grand memorial of the years bygone, Which has with age, like olden wine, grown mellow ; It now keeps ward ungarrisoned upon The sunny slopes that garnish West Saint John, Around the old Martello. It recks not of the chill, Weird, winter storm. That plays against its eaves as seasons roll Into the past ; nor spring's delicious breeze Which sighs on bursting buds, and wakes man's soul To joy ; nor summer sun, which glints the trees, And gilds the purling rill With lustrous charm : Nor autumn's breath, which turns the purest green Of nature's costume to the " sere and yellow :" Ah ! well has it withstood climatic spleen ; The weather's shocks as yet almost unseen Upon the old Martello. Stately upon the site it meets the gaze ; Its rubble wall a softened, brownish grey ; A sturdy structure of that by-past age Which now, thank (iod, has pass'd for aye away ; Much better work have we than war to wage. Or deadly foes to smite In these new days. n« ' . i-** .A *'^' ^cstXK. "'d- ' ■»--■• , r J'l. ■...' ;.:. 'i.i,m: ... '^^■ m Martello Tower. N. v.. OARKISON ARTILl.KRY. 205 When strangers meet as once met only friends, And each gives kindly greeting to his fell ; And Peace, with her twin sister, Learning tends For ancient hate of race to make amends. Beneath the old Martello. The Imperial barracks used to be on the ground at Lower Cove now occupied by the drill shed and as a parade ground. They were erected about 1819-20, and were destroyed in the fire of 1877 with the exception of two stone buildings on Sid- ney street which still remain. About 1812-13 a wooden block house was erected on King street, east, at the intersection of Wentworth street. Traverses were also cut in the solid rock for a two gun battery, but when the level of King street was reduced some years ago all trace disappeared of the eminence on which the block house and battery stood. Besides these there were four batteries on the line of the shore of the harbor and Courtenay Bay, called the '(iraveyard bat- tery,' 'Southern battery,' ' Blockhouse battery,' and the 'Eastern battery,' or 'Fort Johnston' on Pitt street, fronting on Courtenay Bay. It is difficult at the present time to get any authentic account of the building of these batteries. General opinion places the time of erection about the commencement of the war of 181 2, with the exception of the battery at the foot of Sidney street, called the 'Southern battery.' In the newspaper account of the arrival of PRmcE Edward, Duke of Kent, in 1794, quoted in the second chapter, it is stated that a royal salute was fired from ' Dorchester battery.' This name has always been applied to the Barrack batteries and it is probable that the 'Southern battery' is the oldest of the fortifications on the 2o6 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE woBm^^ammmsm Barrack grounds. The reminiscences of Jamks Uustix given in the third chapter are interesting in this connection. The fort at Red Head was constructed in 1863 and 1864. It is a spacious work, and if mounted with modern ordnance would be an effective defence to the harbor. The large bat- tery at Negrotown Point, now known as Fort Dufferin was also constructed before Confederation. It received its present arm- ament in 1877, and is the battery used for shell practice when competition is held at local headciuarters. Within a few years the guns and carriages at Partridge Island have been removed to the ordnance yard, and there is at present no armament at this station. One other fortification has been mentioned in the chapter which treats of the Fenian scare. It is called * Fort Tipper- ary,' and is situated at St. Andrews, commanding the harbor of that town. The armament is not extensive, and since the cessation of artillery work at that place but little attention has been given to it. N. 1!. (iAKKISOX AKTlLLKkV. 207 CHAPTER XX. 1893 1896. Th(t Fourth of May— Centennial Salute and Concerts— The Ball- Death of Pai/master Smith— Colors of an old Corps laid at liest — Visit of the Earl of Aberdeen—Death of Judye Peters — Inspec- tions — Chaneje of Desitjnation— Conclusion. S the centennial year would begin very early in the drill season it was not thought to be advisable to have any military demonstration upon the 4th May, but the firing of a salute of one hundred guns, for which authority was sought and obtained. At this, the first day of the second century of the corps, the officers were : Lieutenant-Colonel, John Russell Armstrong. Major, John James Gordon. No. \ - Captain, Stanley Douclas Crawford, Lieutenant, Walter Woodworth ^VH^^E. No. 2 -Captain, John I^ajungton Macaulay Baxter, LJeutenant, Herbert Chipman Tilley, Second Lieutenant, Arthur Drake Wetmore. No. T^-— Captain, If, W* Chari-es Frederick Harrison, LJeutenant, Robert Huntley Cordon, Second Lieutenant, Walter Edward Foster. No. 4 — Captain, Ceorge West Jones, Lieutenant, Thomas Edward Grindon Armstronc;. Secoful. Lieutenant, Frederick Caverhill Jones. No. ^Captain, James Albert Edward Steeves, Lieutenant, Frederick Landon Temple, Second Lieutenant, Robert Pattison Foster. 208 MlsrOKICAI. Kl.COkDS OK THIi Adjiitittit, ('a[)tain (jKoki.i; Ki.rr Mi Lkod. Pnyniastcr, (1i:ok(;k Fkkdkkick Smith. Quartermaster^ Major Ric hard Fakmkk. Surgeon, John Waterhoisi: Daniel, M. I). Assistant Surgeon^ Joseph Andrews, M. I). The names of the men who composed the corps during the year, as taken from the pay Hsts, are given in an a})pendix. IJefore the hundredth anniversary was reached the name of the corf)S was changed, the estabhshment Hsts making it the 'New Brunswick BattaHon of (larrison Artillery.' However technically correct the new designation may have been con- sidered, it did not find favor with the corps, nor was the change from ' batteries ' to ' companies ' thought to be either euphonious or necessary. It was arranged that the salute should be fired from I )or- chester battery. Fort I )ufferin, Martello Tower and Fort Howe. At sunrise the Union Jack was floating above the forts and soon after some of the men were on hand eager to participate in the celebration. Some mischievous persons had spiked the vent of the gun at Martello Tower and an attempt was made to put the guns at Fort Howe out of service, which was partly successful, only one gun being capable of use. Punctually at nine o'clock the salute began. No. 2 firing the first gun from Fort Dufferin. In twenty minutes the salute was over and the smoke as of battle hung in wreaths over the historic heights of the city. The following are the officers, non-commissioned officers and men who took part in the saluting : Lieutenant-Colonel Armstrong, Major Gordon. Captains, ' George \\. Jones, S. D. Crawford, C. F. Harrison, and J. B. M. Baxter. N. 11. (•..NKKISON .\klII,I,i;KV »oy Lieutenants, R. H. Gordon, H. (.'. Tillcy, W. \\. Foster ;iiul I'Ved I-. Tcmpk'. J/r, Samuel Hughes. n. Staff Seri;e(i/its',- ]am(^s lirown, 'I'homas W. Horsnia Sergeants, — Walter Lamb, Joshua 1'. Clayton, Joseph 1*". Smith, Joseph Nealy, John C. Edwards, William (1 LI. Kilpatrick, W. H. Sulis. Corporals,- Fred V. Hatt, W. deBovves, I'' rank .\. Courtenay, John W. Sarah, Robert Mcjunkin, Edwin Ougler, Robert (1. Fulton, I'Ved (llobe. Bombardiers, -Fred H. Slipp, I'Vank L. Perry. Gnnr.ers, — Frank W. Laskey, J. D. Charlton, T. S. Irvine, Robert J. Armstrong, H. Chandler, R. Sprowson, L. Ker- sl.iw, Frank Forrest, J. F. Berton, R. D. Robertson, L. Philii)s, F. Banks, John Stewart, W. P. McColgan, E. E. Thomas, A. W. Mclnnis, R. M. Graham, R. A. McHarg, George Dunlavy, Richard D. Damery, E. Allan, William ('lark, Joseph Laskey, James Huey, George M. Boyd, Arthur \V. ALichum, Nelson Parl'^^e, Wm. McC'auley, William Nfaxwell, Geo. W. Lee, William Prime, Walter McH. Olive, Walter P. Dunham, William W Lanyon, and Richard W. Craft. In the evening despite unfavorable weather the old Mechanics' Institute was filled to the doors for the centennial concert given by the band of the corps, assisted by Mrs. C. W. Har- rison, (Sackville), Mr. Gkrshon S. Mayes, and the (iermain Street Quartette. Mrs. Harrison in her selections ''The Daughter of the Regiment" and "Lo, Here the gentle Lark," won round after round of applause, to which she responded with "Jock o' Hazeldean." Mr. Maves' splendid rendition of ! I I n 2IO HISTORICAL RF.CORDS OF THE the "Death of Nelson" evoked the mihtary ardor of the audience, which rose to enthusiasm over his encore " The Boys of the old Brigade." Bandsmen Stokks, Farmkr, Watson, and McKay, contributed instrumental numbers which were much appreciated. Many of the selections were arranged by Bandmaster Horsman, and, above all, the marked success of the concert was due to the untiring energy of Captain Craw- ford, president of the band committee. Loyalists' Day was celebrated by i8 guns from No. i, Captain Crawford's company, while on the (^)ueen's Birthday, No. 2, Captain Baxter fired the usual salute. The guns of No. i were again heard on 14th June, being the occasion of the wedding of Lieutenant VV. VV. White. A similar service had been rendered by No. 3 a few years before at the marriage of Captain McLf:od. The next in the series of celebrations was a smoking conceit for the men, held in Berryman's Hall, on 21st June. About two hundred members of the battalion with their friends were present and an enjoyable time was spent. Captain Ceo. W. Jones presided and a short programme was carried out. The band contributed several instrumental pieces ; Cunner Tonge of No. 4 gave a comic song; Captain Baxter read a humorous selection; an exhibition of sleight of hand work was given by Mr. J. S. MacLaren ; a song was sung by C. T. Gillespie, and Major Gordon danced a Highland fling in full native costume. Be- sides this Lieutenant-Colonel Armstrong read an historical sketch of the corps; Sergeant Kilpatrick of No. 3 gave a song; the Le\man Bros, two bright little chaps sang their amusing songs and Captain Hartt, late of the Rifle company, contributed a couple of vocal selections. Light refreshments were served during the evening. Officers of the 8th cavalry and 62nd N. It. (lAKklSON ARTII.l.KKY. I I Fusiliers vvltc present in uniform, and the smoking concert was voted a very enjoyable affair. On the 27th July the corps together with the Rifle company had a march out in the evening, and on the following .Sun- day l)oth bodies paraded for divine service and marched to St. John's church, where the sermon was preached by the Rev. John dk Sovres. Major Mark ham of the 8th cavalry was on the staff and the Rifle company was under command of Captain E. A. Smith. Insjiection followed on 3rd August, that of No. 2 company for gun drill being held at the Carle- ton armory on the succeeding evening. The result of the inspection was gratifying. Out of a total strength of 232, there were 215 of all ranks present and the absentees accounted for. No. I, Captain Crawford, took the second prize for general efficiency with 243 points, while No. 4, Captain Jones, was not far behind with 235. Nos. 3 and 4 companies tied for the Botsford cup, which went under the rules to No. 4. The centennial photograph of the officers of the corps was taken on the 4th August. About this time H. M. S. Blake arrived in port and a ball was tendered by the corps to the officers of the ship. Owing to her short stay in port the invitation had to be declined. On the 4th December Lieutenant-Governor Boyd, of New Bruunswick, died. At the state funeral Lieutenant-Colonel Armstron(; was in charge of the procession, assisted by Chief of Police Clark of St. John, and officers of militia formed an escort to the body. On the i8th of the same month Captain Robert Reed, whose name appears in the earlier portion of this history, passed away, thus breaking one of the few re- maining links between the old organization and the present. The last event in the celebration of the centennial, a 212 HISTORICAL RF.CORDS OF THE grand ball given on the 29lh December at the Assembly Rooms of the Mechanics' Institute, was an uncjualified success. The rooms were elaborately decorated for the occasion. As the guests entered they were confronted by a large field gun, be- hind which was a collection of fire arms showing the ad- vances m.ade by modern science. In the ball room the mas- sive pillars were trimmed with spruce and ornamented with bayonets. At the eastern end of the room, on a background enclosed by the colors of the regiment, were the letters " N. B. B. G. A." in blue, and under them "1793-1893" in red. Opposite this was a portrait of the Queex, on either side of which were small flags. There were a'-ound the walls, at regu- lar intervals, stars of bayonets, surmounted by flags and alter- nated with pictures, among which were photographs of present and past officers of the corps. In an alcove stood two 6-pr. guns with their side arms complete. The supper room was handsomely fitted up, the table being decorated with natural flowers. Upon it were displayed the Botsford cup and the general efiiciency prize won by No. 1 company. A large num- ber of guests were entertained, and it is safe to say that the artillery centennial ball will not soon be forgotten. As light is succeeded by darkness, so in human affairs joy gives place to sadness, and the pleasure of the centennial year was soon to be shadowed by the thought that one more of the best loved ofificers of the corps would never again take part in its festivities or join in its councils. Sad, indeed, was the news of the death of Captain and Paymaster George F. Smith, who passed away on the 6th March following. A well-known shipowner, respected for his high sense of honor and absolute integrity as well as beloved for his kindliness and charm of manner, his death was regretted by the citizens at large, to- N. 1!. GARRISON ARTILLERY 213 ward whom he had cUscharged many j)uhlic duties. To the corps it was a deeper blow. Captain Smith had been active in his assistance to the commanding officer in the time when help was needed upon his assuming the command, and during the succeeding nine years his best services were always at the disposal of the corps in which he took the warmest interest. He had been identified with the old Petkrs' battery, and, in- deed, with almost every athletic movement in the city. A vestry man of St. John's church, an ex-president of the Union Club and a prominen': supporter of the Neptune Rowing Clul) and the Athletic Association, he was above all best known as a gentleman in every sense of the word. 'I'he corps signified their feeling of the loss which they had sustained in the follow- ing resolutions : Resolved, that the officers of the New Brunswick Battalion Gar- rison Artillery hereby express their sense of the great loss that they have sustained through the death of their brother officer, Captain and Paymaster, (}. F Smith. For many years he served in the ranks as a gunner, then as a non-commissioned officer, and for the past nine years on the staff. During all this period he showed his unswerving interest in the welfare of the corps, and his example and ravice were at all times prized in the highest degree by all its members. His abilities, his urbanity, his decision of character, his courageousness of opinion, his mature judg- ment, as well as his physique, in every way made him the model of a good office: and soldier : and further Resolved, that the officers attend the funeral in a body as a mark of respect; and further Resolved, that a copy of these resolutions be sent to Mrs. Smith, with the respectful condolence of the corps. At the *""neral the Artillery band assisted, and several of the officers formed an escort, the remainder together with officers of other corps joining in the procession. On the 29th July of this year the artillery were called on If 1;?* I ! 214 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE by ex-Mayor Peters to perform an unusual service for militia corps, that of presenting to a church the colors of a regiment that they might be laid at rest. Mr. Peters was in possession of the colors of the ist Battalion St. John Light Infantry, and desired to have them placed in St. Paul's church. The event cannot be better described than by the following extract from the * Daily Sun ' newspaper of the next day : — "At sharp half-past two yesterday when the battalion assem- bled in the drill shed there was the best of weather — a little hot and dusty, perhaps, but tempered now and again with a cool breeze. The battalion fell in with IJeutenant-Colonel Armstrong in command, and Major Jones appeared for the first time in his new rank. In the absence, through illness, of Captain Crawford, Captain White took charge of No. i company with Lieutenant B. R. Armstrono as subaltern. No. 2 company (Carleton) was under command of Captain Baxter, with Lieutenants Tillev and Scovil ; No. 3, under Captain Gordon, with Lieutenant Foster; and No. 4, under Captain Armstrong, with Lieutenants Jones and Skinner. On the staff were Quartermaster Gordon, Surgeon Andrews and a number of the retired officers of the City Light Infantry whose colors were to be presented, and also retired officers of the artillery. Among them were : A. A. Stockton, M. P. P., Cap- tain Charles Campbell, Lieutenant W. Roxboroucih, Captain J. Alfred Ring, Lieutenant McKinnev and Captain A. VV. LovETT. Major Mark ham, of the 8th Cavalry, and Major A. J. Armstrong, of the district staff, and Majors Sturdee, Hartt and Magee, with Surgeon Walker, Rev. Fr. Daven- port, chaplain, and Lieutenant Macmichael, of the 62nd, also attended on the staff. On the Barrack square the battalion was drawn up in line in two ranks, and at 3 o'clock the color party, from No. 3 company, appeared with the colors guarded by fixed bayonets. They were received with a general salute and the colors taken over by Lieutenants Tillev and Foster, the senior subalterns on parade. The band played Auld Lang Syne and the National Anthem. The battalion then marched in fours from the left of companies. N 15. CARKISON AR JH.LERV, 215 \o. 2 company, with fixed bayonets and arms sloped, being the escort. At King street near Charlotte, Lieutenant-Colonel Irwin, inspector of artillery, was received with a salute as he joined the staff. At the church, line was formed facing the edifice and the colors again saluted, after which column of half companies was formed to the left, and the column retiring formed (juarter column on No. i, which was in rear. They then marched past in column of half companies by the right, and afterwards in (juarter column by the left, with changed ranks. Line was again formed facing the church, and after a general salute the companies entered and took their places in the church, the officers occupying seats in the east side of the south transept. No. 3 company, with bayonets fixed, then entered the church and was stationed in the centre aisle with shouldered arms. The color party passed through the main entrance, and was leceived with presented arms, after which the company formed up, facing the chancel. Thomas W. Pkters then stepped forward and, addressing the rector, said that the ceremony took place at the request of old officers of the battalion, and that he pre- sented the flags for that purpose, they having come into his possession through his father, who, as colonel, had the custody of them. The battalion was the first of the city mihtia corps under the old system, and had been in existence for many years, but the loss of the old files of newsj)apers from 1838 to 1843 rendered it impossible to fix the date of the presentation with precision. Among its officers had been Sir Leonard Tilley, the ex-Governor of the Province, and W. O. Smith, once Mayor of the city. The colors had never seen active service, but he had no doubt that those who bore them then would have stood by them manfully had they been called on to do so, and he was equally sure that those who laid them to rest in the sacred edifice were imbued with the loyal spirit and determination of their forefathers. Mr. Peters then took the colors from Lieutenants Tillev and Foster and handed them to Rev. Mr. Dicker, the rector, who in turn passed them to Canon DeVeher, by whom they were placed in the chancel. Rev. Mr. Dicker then read a formal acceptance of the colors for the purpose of repose, after which a short evening ¥ l^ Mlllllliil 'iili (I i ii! i ! 2l6 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THE service was conducted and Rev. Archdeacon Brigstocke deliv- ered an address. I'he escort again saluted the colors, while the National Anthem was played, after which and the recessional the troops left the church and formed again on the street. They marched back to the drill shed, where after an expression of thanks from Lieutenant-Colonel Armstronc;, to the retired and visiting officers who had so kindly assisted in the ceremony and a few words of encouragement to the officers and men under his command for the way in which their work had been performed, the battalion dispersed. This year's inspection held on the 30th July and succeeding days was a rigid test of the corps and resulted in No. 4 com[)any Captain T. E. G. Armstrong winning the second general effi- ciency prize with 231 points. This company also took the Botsford cup. The illness of Capt. Crawford of No. i, and a severe family affliction which he had sustained, called forth the sympathy of every officer and man in the battalion. Major JoN'Es donated a handsome silver cup for competition among the companies, and desired that it should be awarded upon the general efficiency points exclusive of those for officers questions. It was won for the first time by No. i company. His Excellency the Earl of Aberdeen, Governor-General of Canada, and the Countess of Aberdeen, visited St. John for the first time on 13th August. Owing to the late hour of their arrival there was no demonstration until the next morn- ing, when at the opening of the reception in the Common Council chamber No. 3 company, under Captain Gordon, fired a salute of nineteen guns from King street east, the 62nd Fusiliers furnishing a guard of honor. Upon their departure for Fredericton the next day a salute was fired from Fort Howe by a detachment from No. 4 company. On Thursday evening, 14th August, a levee was held in the Mechanics' N. 1!. GARRISON ARTII.LHRV. 217 Institute at which the officers of the artillery, among others, were present. Gunner Frederick \r. Burc.kss, of No. 3 company, who was accidentally drowned on 13th August was hi-.ried with military honors by his company. 'I'he loss of the yacht 'Primrose' in a sudden st|uall during a race in St. John har- bor on 2 1 St August also deprived No. 4 company of a mem- ber, Corporal T. H. Bartlett. His last military service was the firing of the salute on the departure of the (jovernor- General. The company presented his widow with a resolution of sympathy suitably engrossed and a substantial testimonial. Judge B. Lester Peters, the captain of the old 'Kid Cilove' battery, w'as also on 25th November numbered among those departed. At his funeral which took place on 28th November, the Lieutenant-Colonel and officers of the corps attended. Outside of the i)all-bearers walked thirty members of the old battery. They were (ieorge E. Thomas, James F. Robertson, Josej)h Allison, W. A. Lockhart, W. E. Vroom, John H. Parks, F. W. Wisdom, John C. Miles, S. K. Wilson, J. l<>ed Lawton, C. Fred Langan, Chas Campbell, Arthur W. Lovett, Joseph B. Stubbs, R. H. Arnold, John McLauchlan, I). 1). Robertson, Frank O. Allison, Frank Gallagher, P. R. Inches, M. I)., J. Morris Robinson, G. Ludlow Robinson, George K. Berton, J '^. Kaye, C. U. Hanford, Chades McLauchlan, E. (i. Scovil, George B. Hegan, Albert S. Hay and Frank Lansdovvne. At the regimental meeting on 23rd March of the following year. Major Jones formally presented to the corps the cup which is known by his name, and received a hearty vote of thanks for his handsome gift. Loyalists' Day was again celebrated by a salute from Fort Dufferin by No. 2 company, and later in the year, upon the 11 '^Mi'ih^ '^ 111! 218 HISTORICAL RKCORDS OF THE return of Major Markham of the 8th Princess Louise Hus- sars, the commandant of the Bisley team of 1895, to his home in Saint John, he was serenaded by the Artillery band. On August loth No. 2 company attended divine service at St. CiEORok's church, Carleton, where an excellent sermon was preached by the rector, Rev. VV. H. Sampson. The Artillery, 62nd Fusiliers and Rifle company were bri- gaded, under Lieutenant-Colonel Armstrong, for service at Trinity church on the 29th of the same month, and an appro- priate address was delivered by Rev. Father Davenp'ort, chaplain of the 62nd battalion. Inspection was held on 22nd October and following days by Lieutenant-Colonel Montizambert, and resulted in the winning by No. I company, Captain Crawford, of the second general efficiency prize with 246 points, only two points behind the highest score made. This company also won the Jones and Botsford cups. No. 2 company stood second in the battalion and fifth in the Dominion with 237 points. After the inspection the inspecting officer was entertained at supper at the Union Club and a very enjoyable evening was spent. On the 1 6th December, Langford McF^rederick, a gunner in No. 2 company was accidentally killed while at work. His funeral which took place on the 19th December, was attended by the company in uniform and the usual honors were paid. The death on 17th January, 1896, of Paymaster Sergeant Fred L. Hea, removed an active and useful non-commissioned officer from the staff. The officers of the corps attended the interment. In the preceding November a change occurred in the adju- tancy, Captain White being transferred from No. 5 company to that position. Since the roll of the centennial year there T !l .miii "' I II Meut. F. A. Foster, Lieut. A. C. H. Gray, Ueut. K- R. Jones, lyieut, vS, A. M. Skinner, lyieut. B. R. Armstrong J-TJMriOR OB'B'IOEJIIS. l-8©3-9e. N. li. GARKISON ARTILLERY. 219 have been but two changes it. the staff non-commissioned otirt- cers. Sergeant Thomas H. Johnston of No. 2 became Orderly Room Clerk in October, 1895, and uj)on the death of Staff-sergeant Hka was transferred to the aj)[)ointnient of Pay- master-sergeant. Sergeant John C. Edwards of No. 3 was then appointed Orderly Room Clerk. The only staff sergeant who has not as yet received special mention is (^)iiartermaster Sergeant James Brown, whose attachment to the for(^e has caused him to serve in it for upwards of thirty-seven years. On January 30th, 1896, No. 4 company, by invitation of Captain T. E. G. Armstrong, had a sleigh drive and supper, an event of which the guests will long have a pleasant recol- lection. In the early part of this year Lieutenant Temple succeeded to the command of No. 5 company ; Second Lieutenant B. R. Armstrong was promoted to the first lieutenancy in No. i, and Ernest Ray Jones was appointed second lieutenant in No. 5. At the close of the previous year the designation of the corps was again changed, the new title being '* New Brunswick Regiment, Canadian Artillery." Practically a reversion to the title by which the corps was first known, the change was a welcome one to the regiment. Equal pleasure was not afforded, however, by the numbering of the corps as " 3rd," while the beginning of its regimental history is at least eighteen years earlier than that of the Montreal regiment, which is second, and over thirty years earlier than that of Halifax, which is styled the first. It is hoped that in time due recognition will be given to the continuity of the history of our corps and that the right of the regiment to the first place on the list will be acknowledged. It is submitted that the pages of this history Tl 220 HISTORICAL RECORDS OF THIi contain anipk- and incontrovL-rtihlc cxidcncc in sujjport ot the rlaim. i The story of our corps is nr brought to a close. It can not be said to be replete witl. rjnts of sensational nature, yet neither is it a record of which the citi/ens who are its members need be ashamed. The feeling grows that war as a means of settling international (|uestions must in time give way to a more enlightened and more highly develoj)ed system. Arbitration replaces carnage and the student succeeds the soklier. Yet war has not been without its use nor battle without humanity. 'I'he soldier and the best soldier has thought for his age as deej^ly as the statesman, and by his success has taught that science, not numbers, is truly power. Nor, when war has become a matter of history will its influence for good have passed away. The spirit of fairness and honor which has characterized the soldier in all ages will survive to ennoble more peaceful arts and will have its weight in the settlement of the future problems of the world. To an unthinking portion of the public, no doubt, the maintenance of a militia seems well nigh useless, but to those who appreciate the mora/e of such a force its utility is apparent. The lad who dons a uniform feeling that it is the outward and visible em- blem of identification with his country, becomes a better citizen because of his aspiration. In the ranks he acquires that spirit of comradeship, and devotion to an ideal, which, in its application through all the departments of the life of the nation conduces to a grander fulfilment of the destinies of the race. ' Shoulder to shoulder ' he realizes, is the secret of suc- cess. True discipline, he finds, is after all not an arrogant N. li C.ARHISON ARTIILKKV. 221 exercise of authority hut a wise diicction of his iiuhviduahty so that it may best conibiiie with that of others towards the at- tainment of a desired object. With {jroficieiK y in his work grows the al)ihty to a\)\)\y in the larger sphere of the exercise of his rights and duties as a citi/en, the lessons which he learns as a soldier. The importance of good direction, the sacredness of honor and the glory of devotion to principle become factors in his daily life and he also feels that in the organization of which he has biicome a member, there are no limits to his ambition, but those of ability and fidelity. Such is the teach- ing of a military force, and such, as well as the im[)ortant duty of being thoroughly trained and available for the defence of his country, are reasons why the youth of our land should enrol themselves in its ranks with the encouragement, appro- bation and active assistance of every true citizen and patriot. Nor should the social side be overlooked. In the ranks, there is that feeling of unity — of comradeship - which lives in grate- ful memory through the after life of the volunteer as well as of the soldier. With a sadness that is not all sorrow it causes the old man to say :— "Where are the boys of the Old Brigade, Where are the lads we knew?" who in his youth resonantly sang : " Steadily, shoulder to shoulder. Steadily, side by side, Readv and strong We are ...arching along, Like the boys of the Old Brigade I ' ' APPENDICES, z i i w n> »'{ \ iMtamtummmmmmm CENTENNIAL BATTERY ROLLS- No, r IJai iKkv. Captain, Stanley I). Crawford. Lieutenant, Walter W White, M. I). Second Liei/tenant, (Icjrdon S. McLeod Staff Seri^rant, Paymasters Clerk, l-'red I ,. Ilea. Serij^eants, Waller Lamb, Joshua I'. Clayton. Corporals, (ieorge A. Foster, James W. Clayton, David E. Brown G miners : - Louis Philips, Henry (."handler, James \l. liarton. Lambert Kershaw, William Sprowson, Ceorge iJarnes, William Muirhead, John Ki(kt;tts, Thomas Marshall, lOrnest !■:. Thomas, l-'red'rk Stephenson, I-Vank W. Laskey, James I'illing, Neil A. Seely, Frank Forrest, John I''. L.rton, Albert L. Coates, Robert A. McIIarg. No. 2 iiA'nKKY. Captain, John M. M. Baxter, /j'eutentrnt, I L;rl)ert C. Tilley, Second Lieutenant, Arthur J). Wetmore. S{To^eants, 'l"hos. 11. Johnston, Joseph I''. Smith, Joseph Nealy. Corporals, ICdwin C)ui,d(,'r, I-'n^deriek Clobe, Robe-rt ('.. I'ulton. Jioni!>ardii " ' ' '" James A. Lindsay, I'"rank Anderson, John i'illinp^s Cill'ord llinn|)hri'y, Henry Ricketts, I'rederick Withers, John Stewart, ( ieorge ( jjok, Robert Sprowson, Richard 1). Damery, Thomas i'illing, Arthur W. Mclnnis, Wm. P. McColgan, James L. Lamb, Robert W. (Jraham, David S. IJet/, William C. I5rf)vvn, ['"rank (1. Herton. vv-.$-, I'Vank L. Perry, l'"r(;derick H. Slipp. Gunners : (Jeorge (). Trafton, Jas. M. McLennan, (iilbert |. Mayes, Ceorge W. Lee, Ceorge M. Palmer, Walter P. Dunhi.m, (225) |: i 1 " 1 11 1 1 1 f 1 \ ( ^ 1 APPKNDICKS. George R. Forbes, Richard W. Oaft, James B. Nichols, WilHain T. Lanyon, (Jeorge li. Olive, (ieorge H. Seely, Willard Crawford, Ezekiel McLeod, Ernest Perry, Jiernard G. Ring, Walter McH. Olive, (ieorge Sullivan, John J. .Sinclair, Harry H. Duke, William Prime, John A. Pollock, James F. lielyea, William Maxwell, James Sullivan, I'ederick P)arllett, \V^m. J. (!unningham, Herbert P. Gardiner, F. Fdwin Rolston, John Fawton, George Dunlavy, Joel H. Waters, William Foster, Trumpeter^ Frank A. Hea. No. 3 JiATTKKV. Captain^ Charles F. Harrison, Lieutenant^ Robert FI. Gordon, Second Lieutenant^ Walter E. Foster, Seri^eants, John C. Edwards, Wm. i). H. Kilpatrick, A. Fingley, Corporals^ John W. Sarah, Robert Mcjunkin, John Robinson. James Sears, Herbert Parlee, Fred'rk W. Marshall, William McCauley, Thomas V.. Powers, William Henery, Frederick Burgess, Robert Moore, Edward Newport, Herbert Williams, John Whitmore, Arthur W. Machum, Gunners : — George W. Boyd, James Huey, George S. Bishop, Fred A. lioyd, Alfred Wood, l<>ank E. Wheli)ley, Arthur T. Irvine, Ernest Allan, Smith F'oster, George Richardson, Howard M. Barnes James Mercer, No. 4 Battery. Noble ('lark, Robt. McKen/.ie, Joseph Faskey, Nelson Parlee, Arthur Parlee, I'klward S. Day, James Semple, August Stoerger, David B. Faskey, William (^lark, George F. ('lark, David Speight. Captain, (George W. Jones, Lieutenant, T. FMward (i. Armstrong, Second Lieutenant, Frederick C Jones. -Regt. Sergeant- Major, Samuel Hughes, Sergeants, William H. Sulis, Jas. A. Brown, James B. Thompson, Corporals, Henry Bartlett, Frederick V. Hatt, John T. McGowan, (226) CENTKNNIAI. kOl.LS. James I']. ICarle, Wm. F. Harrison, I'Vedcrick A. l-'ostcr, H(jrl)ert VV. Splanc, Edward I). Outram, Percy C). Hall, Robt. J. Armstrong, Ernest Law, . James A. Nicholson, FVederick Tracy, Joshua C). Charlton, Kred'rk C I'olkins, Gunners : — John H. Tonge, Harry P. Robertson, F'rcd C. (.Aimniings, Harry E. Hall, VV. Arthur lioyd, Bev. R. Armstrong, Charles W. Harlow, Wm. A. Robertson, l"'rank A. ('harlton, Louis H. Rainnie, Arthur C. I<:ilis, Alon/o (1. Sulis, (leorge R unci man, Erederick Rubins, Robt. M. Bartsch, Robt. I). Robertson, Stanley Dixon, Ered'rk W. McLean, Harold Wright, T. Sterrie Irvine, Edward 'J'. Hell, Charles I .awton, I'red'rk 'J\ Cheslcy. No. 5 liA'l IKKV. D. Captain, James i\, \\. Steeves, M. Lieutenant, Frederick L. Temple. Second Lieutenant, E. Walter Jl Scovil. Ser^^eants, Arthur H. Tarmer, Frederick Meneley, Richardson. Corporals, Wallace V. lieatty, Samuel J, Thomas McCJowan. Aaron 1). (.'olwell, [ames Kitchen, William H. Wilson, Edward K. McKay, Ered'rk W. Amland, William C. Stokes, William V. Moore, liurton Oriffm, John H. Daley, Frederick LL Watson, James Knowles, Charles Brigden, Gunners - Albert Harris, I'Mwin Stirling, Wm. C. Thornhill, David Stewart, Wm. H. Mclntyre, James W. Manson, William Mitchell, Matthew S. Adams, Allan S, Crawford, James (). McKay, ICdgar Rowe, James Stewart, U^illiam Warren, Erederick FMdleston, J. Hamblet Wood, I'Vank iiankes, Chades J. Turner, Robert McKav, FLarold S. Crawford, William dc Howes, John A. Lipsett, Thos. E. 'i'hompson. Quartermaster Sergeant, James Brown. L3and Master, 'J'homas \V^ Horsman. Orderly Room Clerk, Th(jmas A. Crockett. (227) 128 AI'i'lADICi: .. U,EGM]ytE3SrT.A.Xi IFIEX^XJ _A.3Sr3D Date. 18:5^ '28 I'VI). Lieut. Colonel. |{i(li!u-il llinnc, {.('a lit. II. .\.) I'niriiiiinl A. I), ('., 'i Mini, 7,/; 7 Oct. ',7/, ;..>i; (hi. V;/, Axst Ailj't llfiii'ral ', April, '/,S ; AdJ'f (li'ii'l ..'II Mil II,'.', I ; <^. M. (1. 1 ./(III. 'i:..', to .'i. Ill II. 'III,. Col. Coiniiiiiiiilaiit ..'.' Miirrli, v;,7. Majors. Adjutant. y .May. i) May. 2.') .Itine. 18i0. 17 March. 1841. ;>() .Marcli. 2(; .\iiril. 184.5. ;i() Oft. 1848. 10 Aiiij 184ii. 20 Sept. 18')!t. •20 Sept. Dec. 1800. 7 Kol). (!i'(;i';;c K. Slr"(t, (Cii/it. /,v/ York Hull' II .'.'.Vol K hvard I'ick, (.■(/ Lt. in Mini, '-H,) .liihii ('. Alli'ii, J'ror'l A.D.C.-, Jiilij, 7,',. Tlioniiis I,, Niclidlsoii . Slcplu'ii Ki'iit Foster, /)'/ l.tCol. I! I )i'i;' :,'.); ■\. .Mount, Chailrs .1. Melick lit. Lt. Col. Ill .Jan, 'i:i: ; Hri- iiMh'. Hi Miiii.'il'J. Iti-Hri'fl irltli nink of Lt Col. 7 l>rr, '71. r \.3SriD I 1 1. 1. 1 > AMI siAi I oiiK i:ks. ST^IFI^ OIFir'icERS, 1838 1896. •29 Paymaster. Quaitermaster. Surgeon. Assistant Surgeon. aiMcs W. |{.,\(|. {('(il'i.) ,'/, 'V: ■\. TdMcivy, M. 1)., {,1'riiiii ■'■I'll I'xilt'ii Viirk.) v.. ii. I'll (is, lut Liriit. .;() Mnr. '1,1. Krcdcrick A. Wiuyfins, (Cd/il.) liitifi'il irith niiik 0/ Major I'.i June, 'i;,\ I.cliaroii Hotsfdid, M. |>, Hclin-fl ivitli niiik nf Siin/riiii-Mdjiir, is A/,'), '1:1; ■a •a Stc))li(ii Siiiitli, M, I).. tidiiKlnii'il til Wiiiiilstock l-irlil lidtt., .", Aii'l.':',. 230 AI'I'KNDICKS. ItEGHaVIElSrX-A-IL IFIELID -A-isrr5 Date. Lieut. Colonel. Majors. Adjutant. !l 1M6J. 28 March. iMfif.. 2!» Mar<-li, Ht,('|)lu'n Ki'iit FoHtcr, UriKiwI"', ~''' Maii.'il'.i. lletlred ivilh niiik li her. 'S.!, '"> April. .lames 1". lU-rtoii, 18 April. 18((7, 1!) June. 17 .Inly. 1871. 7 Dec, 187-2, 12 .Filly. 1874, 4 Sept, J. Mount, l!ri;.'a(lc, .''; Mnii.'CU, Itcfhcd with nnik lit. Lt. Col, 1" I ><•(•, '71, liriirade— Dominion of Canada, 20 May, IHOO. (Icorj^c llaniiltoii Pick, />7, ^^ Cot, 7 A',->r. ','/. Itr- tirt'd irith rank If, Mar., 'S/,. Martin Hunter Peters, 0, h. 1st. lit. Lt. Cat. .III. Jan. '7''i, llt'tirt'd ri'taiiihiif rank :i(i March, 'S.;, .(acolt Day rnderliill, Uri^rade, JH .Mai), C'.i ; Jll. Major, ■'. .fan. '7'i; lit. Lt. Co!, ..' Jan. '77. Urtircd I'llh rank ..'S March, 'S',. I87r). a .Se))t. 1870, 11 Aut,^ 1881, 25 Feb'y, 188:5. 14 Sept, 188.'., i> Jan'y, yobii H 11 Arnistronsr, front 'ara/rif siifciallji and J): .onalli/- ron/irnia- tioH of rank ti Sov, '.s'.7, /■. », a. M. '\ i<5i-isrr3 KIKI.I) AND STAIK OITK KKS. 2.3' Paymaster. Quartermaster. Surgeon. Assistant Surgeon. I, lit. u. iiril iiilh W, All.cil Lock hart, liriuiulc, .'(; Mtiif, V;;/ ,- Hrsijunl I.' ./ii/i/.';,' Stephen Kent Foster, jr. (Ctipf.^ Urif-u'le, ..'UMaif, .lohii lUrrviniiti. .M, I)., I'.ri'jade,",:''^; Jiihi, •i;:i ; Joseph f.orfllvUuntinj.', J{<'si'/iir(l 17 St'j)t, '7.7. ' M |» lliehanl Fanner, lit. Mitjut; ':!7 l-'fl,. 'r,7 ; Uftired irith lion, nnik of Major .'H Jidji, 'Ul,. .Joseph Anilresvs, .M, 1). Win. Arthur Kinir, Hot). Ca/it, ;1.', Frit. 'si. lU'lircil intli milk .'7 I(•., '.'//, 18i»2. ■|i •Jan. l(i Dee. 1S04. 2.^^ .Inly. Ifc'.m. !) N(»v, (Jeorge Kerr McLeod, ('apt, r. ■"-■. II. !xt, llriiinml liiiriii;i /r/t limits, :i Sill',, 'u:,. .l•. '.. I'IKI.l) AM) STAIF OI'IK KKs. 233 Paya aster. (Jeorjfo Frodt'rick Smith, Dial r, Mdvrfi. 'U.',, Quartermaster. •lohii .lames fJonldii, Majiir H! JM'r., ■.'/,•'. Surgeon. Assistant Surgeon. Older was .latcd 2(ith .May, 180i). < ""stitMtin^ the N. U. Uri^^ade of Garrison Artillery. This ^ftt-»'H Kit .j|M»..}ai^a- 234 AI'I'KMDK'KS. 'IHI-: COIA'II.LI-: COMPANY (/// .SV, fohn). I>ate. Captain. Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. i7!t;!. 4 May. .lohii Coh illc. 1808. Andrew Cronksliaiik, .laiiiLM Potter, {.SVv /*. .(',) 181«. 10 Aiifjriist. ThoinaM (Jillicrt. Williiiiii l)i)niil(l. I David W'aterlMir\, .lohii Ward. l>a\id Wuterlmrv t'alel) Ward. 1821. ' May 1, David VViiterl.iiry, (^alel, Ward. {(ilmat) llrtlr'-diritli rii Ilk , 1827. ' . 9 January. Thomas Harlow, lletircd irith rank nf Majnr, 1833. . ^.^ /""/>., -.S8. !•* ■'^P"!- George Waterbniy. V. Hanforfl, deceased. Retired iHth rank ■> A'or.'-fX. (leoi'pje Waterl)iiry. 14 April. 15 April. Robert Robertson (Serf/t). Ciiarles .1. Melick. 1839. 8 March. diaries .1. Melick. I'M » March. 23 April. 1843. 10 April. Rot)ert Rol)ertsoi:, rice Barlow, Retired iritli rank, Ki Apr. '/4/i. Charles .1. Melick, i Major n Dee., 'r,:>, riee G. F. Street, deceased. Lewis Durant, rice Melick, jn'omoted. •■■' " - ' •* -\ Oh'KICJiks' SERVK I. I.lsrs. TO!-: COIAILLK COMPANY ContiHued. '\?S Date. Captain. Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. 12 .\))n Liw w Diirant. 11 .\llj.'il.>(t. 18W). 24 .famiaiy. Lewis Dmnnt. .lames (J. Melitk. Ili-thi'il irlth rank is Mm:, ■ill. Tliomas ('ol.,'U> : Iml Mnjor Itetircil iritli rank on ar- .111 March, '1,1. roinit nf i'/hfa'tli Vi April 9 October, -4;. CharU-rs Sinioiuls, Lftt fhiiits. It Ai rH. •/, ;. 10 Oetolier. Will. RiwM. 18;». M. G. 0.25 June. 1841. so Man-h. WilUain Hnjitison, /iVxr/(«'(/ U All;/., "'»•'>'. 1843 10 April. 11 April. 1844i. 20 January. 184'. 12 Aiigiist. ('. V. Htowarf, Iti'tired with rank 1 July, 'Mi. 13 AiiKiiHt. William Wright, To Itainu'n'n II An;/., '/,S. C. C. Stewart Robert Reed. Da fell /row I" April •il,. 1848. 11 AiiKiist. Will. Wrijrhf. (frnni llii'ihiion's\ lie! i red ititli rank ! July, '.'>'.). 12 Aiigimt, 18.59. 6 December. John K. .Marshall, cicc Wriijht (Jeorjfe F Thompson. Rohert J. Leonard. Joh.i K. Marshall. Frant'is Smith. Did not ro-enrol under Act of 1862. CAPTAIN McLAUCHLANS BATTERN (Carleton). Date. Captain. Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. IsWi. 17 April. .lohn MoLaiif lilan, Richard Novell Knight. Itednd Willi rank U Feb., ''!/,. Iirsi,jiml .1 Oct., ■ii.i, 20 Augiibt. 18()2. 18 Sept. 10 Sept. ]8«4. 11 February. Thoma.s M. McLacblnn. Thomas .M. McLachlaii. William J. .McCordock, (Senjl.) Thos. Mitchell .M<-Lachlai; (Jeorge Hunter ('lurk, lteninned .Jan. I-!, 'ti.'. Services of the battery dispensed witli s March, 18et'., '71. 1S«1. April i:<. NoTB. The lieutenants ap- f!oort{«' Hamilton Piclt. pointments ««• »late»l Nov. ,,,,„,, , 14, '.'lit, while Mount to a«!- Robert K. '^'""j:^". j„ian(v is .late.l Sept. 20, Oeorp' Thomas ^.^^'^^.^ (Jill.ert Want l^ns- frnns/nml !:. Mn,;h, >.I. a„^.„^,'.'^r!,(.) trauM/t rre.l •Ji'i March, 'hi. 1W54. la .Filly William .1. Shannon, (Ser;it.) lii'tiii'd ii'lfh rnukJi'iJulii, John M. Taylor, (Scrfft.) Retired with rank ::ii Juhi, 'til,. Jacob l>av l'n(k'rhill. 14 Dec. 1866. 21 Fehmary, Jacob Dav l^nderhill, Cnpf. hid Jan., V,7. Adjt 17 .full/, 'l!7. .lames .McNichol, jr. : Nov. 18«7. .«) January. James McNichol, John \i. Snjith, Hetired 7 Nor., '6ii. 1871. 6 April. 1.H Sept. John Alexantlcr Kane, Fniiii Stt. U>(pror.) June '7». rharle.s William lirury, Matthew Wallace (pror.) ijiror.'^fi, X, 1st s. c, l-iOet, vice Annntritttfl to No. 10; '71,: I/, n, iHt I.e. -i .hihi,'7.'>, Henigned ^ Oct.. '.'.'». Tram/erred to 'A' liatterij an Lieut., J-i Feb., '77. OKFK KRs' SEKVKi: LISTS. No. , ((WI'TAIN PICK'S) HAi'TERV Continued. 239 Date. Captain. Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. 1«77. 21 Dec. 1879. S Oct(>l)er. 1881. 24 .lune. 1885. 20 .March. 10 April. 1887. 17 .fniie. 10 Sept. 1889. 31 Ma 2!) Nov. 1890. 20 .June. 1893. 23 .June. 18!>I. 28 Julv. 189.5. 12 Oct. 21 Due. Joseph Howe, .'/. X. Ik* H, r., .ill .Voc, T? ; 3iul rlatm, I. r s Xi,i\, '7S. CJeorife Kerr Herton. r. b (/"■'"'•) fnnn Mireil Iht of Captninti, licf Jlom; left liiiiitn. Charles Frederick I.an^ran, Stanley Doiij^laa Cruwfoni l/s ht s. r Jj Jan., '?<;. U»or.) Marrh, ;,',• r.».a. M, J-:i \ot\, >)'.;,• I'nninited to majirntii IS Feb., 'HU. Stanley Donifla.s Crawfonl. Robert Rankin Ritchie. U.K. ~'nd ; trntiK/frri'd to (pror.) r.x.a. Ixt. ^0 April, CajAmnrji So. :{, .1 June, 'W. Robert Rankin Ritchie, r. n. a. Int. liexiijued ^U S'or., 'S'.i. John KilwanI Earle Dickson, {prov.) Iteniiriifd 'Hi June, 'mi. Stanley Don^^las Crawfonl, Capt. .; June, 'S7, /row \o. .1. Walter Woodworth White, /■. x. a. lut, from A'o. i ; tranxferrpd to No r> and 2'romoted 1 June, '9/4. Herbert C'hipman Tilley. (pnii;)/roni A'o. .7; r." x, a and, IS Man, 'iiji ; tranx- ferrril to So. i? and pro- uiofi-d SI Jan., 'U,i. Oordon Sntherland .McLeod' (pror.) r. a Inferred to No, ■I, li Oct,, 'u:,' Gunner Beverley Robinson Aniistrong (prof.) r, /». a, lut, !t Sept., '!).'>. Arthur Cavendish Hamilton (J ray, (prov.) Beverley Robinson .Vrni- stronK, r. n.a. Int. 1 1 240 API'KNDICKS. No. 2 (CAPTAIN ADAMS) JiA'D'HRV Date Captain. Ll«utenant. Second Lieutenant, l)w. 6. 1800. June 27. lei,;l.nMm,,<:s. ' K.lw.n J. Wetmore. tlanie.H ({ninton, viri' Coram reiiifiifd. Til St. John Co. Mili'iu J7 Oft., 'M, August. iss."-.. Ifi Mnv. 4 Sept. 188(1. 4 .June. (Setjit. ).\iiiwH Hersif \ Ksisty, (Seri,t.) Ilernard Trestruni (/"■'"■•) Ring, riVc Kiniiston left liinttx. John .lames (ionlon (pmr.) rit-e Kaxtji ; r. x. a. 1st, V March, 'SH, C. Fre«l Liingan,/Vii»/i adjntanci/. Trannf erred to adjiitanc;/ IS Jane, 'SH, tJeorge Kerr McLeiHl (pror.) vire lihi'/ lejt limits, r. M. a. 1st, I.'i Mail, 'HO, Transjerred to .\o. :< It March, Wr. 18 June. .Tohn JnnieH (iordon, r. s, n Int., To majoritij W Dee,, ''.'!. officers' service lists, 241 No. 2 (CAPTAIN ADAMS') BATTERY. --^Qm/hiued, Date. 1886. 80 July. 1887. 6 Autpist, 1S89. 81 May. 1891. 28 August. ISft*. 16 Dec. 180.S. 20 January, 1804. 10 Nov. Captain* Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. 'AlWrt Arthur Clark (prov,) (Rtitiih.) John Hahintfton Mocaulay Haxter (pror.) rire Clark reieiqmd ; r.».a, ' tut, 10 Sept,, '89, Walter Woof. Joseph Kwing. Retired mth rank It, Aug. ,'85, Lewis 1). Milledge, (i. x. Re»igmd 37 Dec, '7K. William Barber, (prof.) Hetiiqned 10 April, >'.>, {Died II, Dee., 'HI.) Hedlev VickerB Cooper, Retired I, Feb., 'K7. W'm. Murray Botsfonl, r.n.a. 1st. Resigned .i June, 'S7. George Kerr McLeod, r. s. a. 1st, from No, .«, (Gunner) Joseith Ewing, (jrroc ) vice Crocket left liiiiitH ; 3nd class rert\f. 3S March, '71. Lewis D. Milledge, »n. s. George Frederick Cole, {pror.) g. s. 1st s, c. .11 I Oct.. '7U. Horace W. Cole, (j>roi\) rice George F. Cole left limits; Resigned 10 April 's,->. William Murray Botsford, rice Cole, r, s. a, 1st, 31 Xor.. '.W, A^.W. Chas. Frederi(!k Har- rison, (prov.) r. s. a. 1st, 10 Sept., 'Si), No. OFFICFORS' SKRVICE LISTS. 3 (CAPTAIN HURi> PEPERS') BATTERY. Conthwed. 243 i|i Date. 1887. 3 June, 1880. 31 Ma.\. 29 Nov. 1«!K). 20 June. 18l»2. 22 Jan. 22 Julv. 18»4. 22 June. 1895 12 October. Captain. .Stanlf.v Doutfliw Crawford, 11.11, ind,fr<>m Sn. / ,• Trans- ferred u Xo, I .ii May, 'su. (leortre Kci-r McLeixi, r.n.a 1st. To adjiitanfff fn Jan., 'u,'. Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. y. W. Charles Fredtjrick Har- rison, r. *. a. Int. A'. H'. Cha.s. FriMlerick IFarrison, *• «. rt. Ixt : Itetired irit/i rank IH May, '.'//,, Robert Huntley Gordon, r. H. a. Int. Robt. Huntley Oonlon, ,•>•.«. jst Walter Edward Foster, r. x. a. 1st, Robert Huntley t;ordon. (pri>i!.)r.s.a. 1st, ii July, Walter Edward Foster, {pror.) r. s. a. 1st, I, Oct., Gordon Sutherland MeLeo>. March, '7/,; Paymaster in Feb., '81. Robert Inch, (prov.) M. G. O. 6 Feb. '86, to be No. 4 Batt. IWm. Alex. Douglas Steven, (prov,)vice Inch left limits, g, c. gild, U March, 'SO. 1885. 6 Feb. 20 April. W. A. D. Steven, g. c. Snd. 1886. 22 October. George West Jones, r, s, a. 1st. To majority S8 July, '91,. 1887. 7 April. Arthur Shirley Benn, (;>rot>.) George West Jones, (prov.) vice Steven; resigned 17 r. s. a. 1st, ii Nov., 'M. Aitg., '88. 1888. 17 August. 18»1. 28 August. 1804. 28 July. \{Corp.) Thos. Edward Grin- don Annstrong, (prov.) r s. a.lnd, 7.1 June, 'Ul. Arthur Drake Wetmore, ) To No. 2 . 28 Aug., '90. (provl) To No. 2 as ind Lieut.: Thos, E. O. Armstrong, r. s. a. ind. Frederick Caverhill Jones, (prov.)r.s.a. 1st, il Feb., '93. Thomas Edward Grindon Arm- Frederick Caverhill Jones, Sherwood Arthur Manning strong, r, s. a. ind. r. ». a. 1st. Skinner, (prov.) OFKICKRS' SERVICE LISTS. No. 5 (Formerly No. 9) BAT'rEKY. 245 Date. 1878. 31 May, 1881. 10 AiiKiixt. Captain. Llsutenant. Second Lieutenant. 1885. 20 April. 1880. 22 April. May. 1888. 23 Nov. 1889. 29 Nov. 1890. 20 June. 1893. 7 July. 1894. 1 June. 1895. 21 Dec. I *nrf, iU Mar, 'S(i; IMireh with infantry rank I/, Any., '85, William KoxtmrouKh, vice Ellin le/t limitg. Designation altered to No. 6 Battery, 6 Feb., 188r,. Eate. Oaptnln. Lleutanant. Second Lieutenant. At Saint AiulrewH. 1st Rat talion. 27 May. Willitim Wliitlo«k. 1828. I M May, .lanieM Miiir. j 1821*. 4 Feliriiary. William Whitlm-k, Tlioniiw Hfiry. To i/iinrffniianter tut llattalinii Charlotte Co. Militia, h April 1837. I 6 Ow. iHenry Frye. 1842. 4 April. ThoinaM H. WIIhoii, I'ror. A. I), cm Feb., '1,7. Ilenr> Kiyt', Ihtte of ai>jioiiitiiii'iit II II- kiioini, irim Irniin/frri'il to Hea FnirildfH h// iiiiKtiikc, 2nd Battalion. 18X8. 1(» Mar<-»i. 11 March. 1829. 2 July. I William Gray. I John MOHsiiiett. John Mowatt, Lieut, from int Heiijaiuiii Millikeii, I Batt.; Itetired in Awf., 'US j M'i7/( rank ^f major from SI / ilff., 'hH 1843. ! 10 Autruift. J. MesMinett, This company came into N. B R. A. hy M. (J. O. 5 Dec, 184(). * « th Battalion— At St. Steplien. ! 1827. 26 March. T. or J. Armwtrontf. SI March. 1834, 8 April. William T. Rose, lietired mth rank 0/ major hi Jviif., 'H6, 1) April. Jamci! Frink. T. Campbell, dated 9 April. W. Andrews. Peter Brown .1. Maxwell, miHih'ndedhji M. G. O, S April, ':',/,, and re- inntated hii M. (i. 0. 17 March, '.ift. *Tlii8 company came into N. B. R, A. at its formation. See No. S battery wliere Captain Clewly'a appointment ie in succeasioa to Captain Rose. officers' servic k lists. WK.S'rM()RKI,ANI) (T)UNTV ARTILLERY. 247 Date Captain. 2n(l Battalion. 1825. llurriH. 2S Jul.v (UorKf I-. Kiiiiieai 1881. :«i May. ! William nunilmin. 1832. 27 Stpt. 1833. ■i .Inly. l8;Ki. 1!» .Fiuic'. Oeorjrc Hay. Lieutenant. (Icorjfe L. Kinneur. W'illiaiii Itiiriihaiii. Oeorj{e Iluy. Iti'tired with ravk /.'. ./uli/.'.ifi. •21 June. 1841. 1 July. 1842. 12 July. la July. Henry Ojfdfu 3rcl I8;w. •-'2 October. Battalion. Thomas H. Moore. 23 October. 1S40. July. 1849. 14 July. EliHha .Stephens Seoond Lieutenant, Georne Hay. Henry Ojjfden. I ,Charlea Dixon. Thomas 0(fden. Nelson Hulmer. Charles Palmer. Joseph KwItferN. Solomon Stiles, vice liogevH ileceaneil. Robert Rogers. :....*s;^:: 'ir: =,:e;: ::^s:^:::i:xr:-,rtz;- — — 248 APPENDICES. FREDERICTON, YORK COUNTY, ARTILLERY. Date Oaptaln. Lieutenant. Seoond Lieutenant. 1st Battalion. 1834. 25 August. 2 Sept. 1836. 18 June, 1838. 8 May. 1839, 8 March. 1841. 28 July. 1838. 8 May. 9 May. 1841. 23 July. 1855. 18 April. 1864. 14 Oct. 1865. 7 June. Oeorjft! P. Bliss, Bt. Major 17 Sept. '.i^. John S, Shore, To H. M. mh Font. John C, Allen. Proo. A. D. C. 5 July, 'UU. G, F. Berton, i from iKt York Battalion, James F. Berton, To majority fl April, T>5, 1866. 20 August. William W. Street. Kiuharrl Dil)l)lec, Lievt. Jan., 'SH. John Saunders Shore. Donald McLeo- iiiitteil witlioiitiiny pri-tt'iiHioii to ari'urncy. Recollections of these Imtteries afh indistinct anil con- nictiiiK ami the or^nizations seem to have been sonu-vhat irreifiilar. The nauies of aac Naish, Ist lieutenant, and <>lex. Mitchell, 'Jnd lieutenant, appear in M. C. (). :«) May, IMMI. On -iit March, IKiil, Mitchell was pnr moted to 1st lieutenant vice Nnish dev Queent: Cii. Militia, ,'/ /n'(i ^» /"' Battalion Qxi ' ' i C. F. HoV»en. 1862. •24 Nov. Fred L. Knox, Tmnffenrd to Ixt liattabon Qveenn Co. Militia, « />«-. '«.J. 1863. 21 April. I No. 4 BATTERY, ST. ANDREWS, CHARLOTTE COUNTY. Date. Captain. Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. 1866. 14 Feb. 11 April. 12 April. Henrv O.buni, from IM-ut. Ut Thomas T. Odell /ro»« A'h- \A alter B. Morris. liatialion Charlotte Co. Militia. Ki;jn Ixt Battalion Char- Remjtu'd :>H Jan., '70. Mte Co. Mthtia. i ! I Nichola.s T. «reathea. Bedell. Thoinaa E. Perley. Walter D. IJedell, I Retired trith rank 3 't Jan., '60 Charles H. Connell. Jani}s Edgar. Edward I). Watts. William Skillen, Trannferred to Int Batt. Carleton Co. Militia, S7 Oct., '6S. i James Grover Balloch, John Cotlln Winslow. Retired 7 Nov., '66, John Coffin Winslow. (Scrfft.) Wm. P. Donnell. William P. Donnell. \{Sergt.) Samuel T. Baker, .(Serif t.) W. O. Raymond. Transferred to field battery by M. G. 0. 24 April, 1874. OFFICERS SERVICE LISTS. 25 1 No. 6 BATIERY, ST. GEORGE, CHARLOTTE CO. Date. lam. Hi May, Captain. Authiirized, Lieutenant. Second Lieutenant. 1870. • 28 October. M. «. O, explains that the fol lowiiifjf apiiointments were omitted from previousorder: i James Holton. Mark Hall. 1871. 13 Sept. (Sgt. -Major) Joseph McCor- mack, (prov.) No. 7 BATTERY, CHATHAM, NORTHUMBERLAND CO. Date. Captain. i^eutenant. 1860. 6 March. James C. E Garmichael. Elijah Farsoiiii. Second Lieutenant. Thomas F. Gilleapie. 1867. 28 Feb. Thomas F, Gillespie. Francis J. Letson, V. h, Ixt, i! April, '72 ; Bt, Renigned li Jmw, '71,. Majors April, 72; lit. Lieut. Col. -2 April, '77 : Retired re- taining hreoet rank H' Dec, 'SI,. 1868. ;i June. 1870. 25 Nov. 1874. 12 June. John F. Genmiill, Retired 2r> Nov., '70. Daniel Crummin, Removed 12 Dec,, '81,. (Sergt.) James Wm. Eraser, g. V b. 21: Aug., '72. I James Wm. Eraser, g. v. b. Retired with rank 12 Dee, '8U. Battery non-ett'ective and removed from list M. Q. 0. 12 December, 1884. 252 APPENDICES. No. 8 BATTERY, ST. STEPHEN, CHARLOTrE COUNTY. Date. 1866. 2 May. Captain. Lieutenant. William Isaac Clewly. Second Lieutenant. Herl)ert Wrn. Owldanl. 13 June. William Iwaac Clewly, Edward H. Clark. ; appointed vice Hone, nee Char-, I lofte Co. Artillerji, p. '2l,il. Retired h'l July, 'OH. W. H. Stevens, Jiesif/ned i'i> May, v;.';. 1867. Febniarj • 17 July. ! . IS July. 1 1868. 15 July. Edward H. (!larke, iivlired with rank :.'/, Mar, '71. 26 May. 1 I 1871, 24 March. Johji H. Hose, (pron, and upeeiaUy.) Williaui V'aughaii. (Ser'jt.- Major) Uilllaiii H. Stevens. (Serr/t-Mnjor) .]ohi\ H. Ko>e. {Seryt.-Major) Thomas I». Stevenson, (pror,) No. 9 BATTERY, ST. GEORGE, CHARLOTTE COUNTY. Date. Captain. Lieutenant. ism. a February. Charles MeOee, 7./. 0. Robert A. Stewart. Second Lieutenant. (Joseph Meating. By M. G. O. 19 June, 1874, this battery was detached from the N. B. B. G. A. and changed to a company of infantry. INDEX. assistant surgeon. 48, 84. •24«!. R.. braverv at St. Aberdeen, Karl and Countess of, visit St. John, 216. Accidents, fatal, at Chatham, 149; destruction of walls at St. John, 156. Adams, Josiah. captain, company of, S5. Allen. John, assists in making up roll for Fretlericton hatterv. 148. Allen. Sir John C. lieutenant, 4J>, .V2 ; adjut- ant, 63; provincial A. I). C. 73; resigns adjutancy, 84. Ander.son, Corporal, hravery at St. John fire, 157. Anderson, James, private in Nicholson's. 4;{. Ander.son, James, corporal R. A., presenta- tion to, 1(H). Anderson, Thos. H.. captain 78th, appointed Lieutenant-Colonel in cliarge western New Brunswick, lUl. Andrews, Joseph, M. D IC>S ; re-appointed, W.i. Andrews, W. lieutenant Andrew.s, Corporal, J. John fire, 157. Anthony, Henry, private, 5, 11 ; one of three survivors present at the semi-centennial, 69. Armstrong, Andrew J., captain. 147, I":? ; pre- sentation to, 163 ; major, 174; presentation to, 175; di.strict storekeejier, 176. Armstrong. Beverley R.. lieutenant, 214, 219. Armstrong, J., captain, 41. Armstrong, John R., member of Peters' bat- tery, 112; appointed to command of artil- ler>', 169; his training, 170: offers services of brigade in North-west. 172; provincial A. D. C, 173; in command of Shoeburyness team, 173; welcome to on return. 175; A. I). C. to governor-general, iSo; president Dom- inion Artillery Association, 185. Armstrong. T. K- C. lieutenant. 'Ml. Armstrong, T.. captain, 41. Armstrong, quartermaster sergeant, wins prizes, 150. Aroostook war, 54. Arthur, Prince, visits St. John, i4>. Artillery A.ssociation, Dominion, formed, 151; Provincial formed. 151; Dominion extended to garrison artillery. i6s. Artillery, New BruiLswick, fir.st company formed, 4; muster roll, 4; rolls of 1808-9-10, 22 ; jubilee of, 66 ; centennial of, 207 ; cen- tennial rolls, 225. Artillery, New Brunswick Battalion, 208 ; " " " Brigade of, 143; " " " Regiment, 47 ; of Canadian Artillery, 219. Artillery, Royal, 7. Asylum. Provincial I.unatic. laying of con .r stone. 74, 'At Home,' band, 195. Atlantic Cable, laying of, 81. Baker, S. T., lieutenant, 2.W. Balloch, Jas, (i., lieutenant, 2.tO. Balls, 1833,69; 1888, 179; 1892, 184; centennial. 212. Band, tiie, 191 ; fir.st appearance of, 173 ; 'At Home,' 195; concerts, 195, 209; visit.s Char- lottetown, 195 ; membership and instru- mentation of, 196 ; committee, president of. 195. Band stand, bu'lt by No. 2 Company, 179. Barber, Williair, lieutenant, '242. Barlow, Th(«inas, a private, 22 ; becomes cap- tain, 39 ; in sham fight, 44 ; retires, 48. Bartlett, Corporal T. H., death of, 217. Battalion, change of name to. 208. Baxter. J. B. M., lieutenant, 183 ; assists in preparing manual, 183 ; Captain, 1S4. Beckwith, Captain A. D., attempts to rai.se batterv at Kredericton, 148. Bedell, Walter D., lieutenant. 8:{. Belding, Daniel, private in first company 4, 14 ; one of the survivors at semi-centennial Bell, John R, lieutenant, '238. Belyea, Sergeant C, wins cup, 149. Benn, A. S., lieutenant, 173. Berry, I.,ieutenant Thos., 41, 48. Berryman, John, M. D., surgeon, appointed surgeon, 136, 140 ; retires, 153. Berton, (ieo. P., captain, 48 ; death of, 64. Berton, Jas. P., lieutenant, 48; captain, 04, 83; major, 136; battery di.sbanded, 136; retired, 136. Berton, W. S., bombardier Peters' battery, 114. Blaine. I.,ieutenant-Colonel Arbuthnot, 62nd Battalion, re.solutions on retirement of, 185. Blake, H. M. S., vi.sits St. John, 211. Bliss, (ieo. P., captain, 43. Blockhouse batterj', '205. Bolton, James, captain, company of, 138. Bonaparte, at Toulon, 2 ; St. Helena, 3 ; ab- dicates, 2Q. Botsford, Blair, gift of cup, 176. Botsford, I,eB., assistant surgeon, 83 ; retires. 136. Botsford, William M., second lieutenant, 172; captain, 174. Boulton, Henry, wins medal, 119. I 2 54 INDEX. Homclette, Oliver, sergeant in Colville com- pany. 4, ft, li». Hoyd, John, iietjtenant-governor, death of, 211. Boyd, J. W., i)aynia.ster, 47 ; rcsijjned, 7(i. Hrimaefe. change of name to, 142. Hrock, Sir Isaac, rebiiihlinRof monnment, 66. Brown, Jame.s, cinartermasler-sergeant, 219; best Hhot, 147. Brown, Teter, lientcnant, 84. Browne, William, sergeant, KH). Bnlmer, Nelson, lieutenant, 247, Bunting, J. I^., gunner, wins prize.s, 123, 128; assistant surgeon, i:{(l, 140. Burgess, (iunner Fred. M., death of, 217. Burnham, Wm., lieutenant, 247. Busbies, adopted as head dress, 172. Bustiii, James, remini.scences of, 29. Cameron, John, bombardier in Peters' bat- tery, liri. Campbell, I., lieutenant, 48, 84. Campbell, T., lieutenant, 24tt. Camps, Barr.ick .square, 146; ' DufTerin,' 149; Sussex, 14>4. Carleton county, artillei-y in, 42. Carleton, James, lieutenant, IM. Carleton, St. John formation of companies, 85, S6. Carmichael, J. C. K., captain, company at Chatham, 86, iM). Carnivals, winter, 180; summer, 181. Carter, Major, W. F., in command during Prince of Wales' visit, !»5. Centennial battery rolls, 225. Challenge cup, Montreal, 178. Chamberlain, A., Ixjmbardier in Peters' bat- tery, 115; secretary. 115. Charlotte county, artillery in, 41. Charnisay, d'Aulnay, attack on Fort lyH- Tour, 198. Chesley, John A., M. P., bombardier, 100. Chestnut, K. W., captain, 122 ; retires, 12(5. Chipman, Hon. Ward, 37 ; death, -58 ; house of, 17. Chubb, John, sergeant Colville's company, 4,9. Church parades, 166, 174, 175, 177, 179, 181, 183, 184, 211, 214, 218. Centennial year of corps, celebration of, 207 ; officers of^ corps in, 207; salutes fired, 208; concert, 209; smoking concert, 210; ball, 212. Civil power, aid to, anticipated riot, 151 ; St. John fire, 15J ; upon execution, 162/ Clark, A. A., lieutenant, 241. Clark, rieorge Hunter, lieutenant, 97. Clark, K. H., captain, 13«. Clewlcy, Lieutenant Wm., 42 ; captain, 134 ; retires, 13tt. Cobbett, William, history of, 200 ;■ as an author, 201. Cole, John Amber, brevet colonel in com- mand of force in N. B., 131. St. I( Colvill Cole, C.eorge }•'., lieutenant. 242. Cole, Horace W.. lieutenant, 242. Colebrooke, Sir William, 64. Colors, presented to regiment, 103 ; colors ci' lolin light infifUtry laid at rest, 214. lie, John, first captain, 4 ; life )f, 7; death, 8 ; signature of, 235. Concerts, by No. 2 Company, iSo; band, 195; centennial, 209; smoking, 210. Confederation of i)rovinces, 137. Conuell, Chas. H., lieutenant, 83. CiHjper, H. v., lieutenant, 172. Coram, Joseph, lieutenant, 85 ; resigns, 97. Coster, (r. C, wins prize, 124. Cotton, Lieutenant-Colonel W. H., inspects. 1(17. Crawford, S. D., lieutenant, i~?.; captain, 179; services as president of baiul committee, 191: presentation to, 194. CrcKket, T., lieutenant, 242. Cro(}kshank, Andrew, private, 5 : related to Captain Colville, 8 ; residence, 9 ; history, u; second captain, 23; member of citj' council, 27 ; death, 33. Crummin, I)., lieuteiumt, 251. Cunard. William, lieutenant, 126; captain, 14S; battery drills without pay, 1.S3; on duty at fire, 155^ district storekeeper, 159; coni- mended in report, 159- Daley, John K.. lieutenant, 143. Daniel, John W, appointed a.ssi.stajit surgeon, i,S,-} ; surgeon, 154; obtains certificate, 173. Davidson, F. A, W., cori)nral, 115. Davis, Richard D., secretary Peters' batter\-, 114. Deacon, Lieutenant W. F\, 101; obtains colors 103; re-enrols battery, 122. Defence, national, fund for, 20 ; contribution of artillery comp.iny to, 20. DeVoe, Daniel, p: ite, 5; sketch of, 13; death, si- Dibblee, Richard, lieutenant, 42, 48. Dicker. Rev. A. C>. H., accepts colors for St. Paul's church, 21(5. Dick.son, I. K. H., lieutenant, 239. Disputed boundary, 55. Dixon, Charles, lieutenant. 247. Dominion Artillery As.sociation, 131, 152. Donnell, W. P., lieutenant, 2.50. Donnington, Corporal, instructor, 171. Dorchester battery, 5, 17, 205. Dougla.s, Sir Howard, governor, 37, 38, 39. Drill sheds, built at barracks, 159 ; at Port- land, 1.83 ; at Carleton, 184. Drury, C. W., lieutenant, 147, 149 ; adjutant Shoeburyne.ss team, 173; major, 50. Drummond, Major, commandant at Fort Howe, freedom of city granted to, 28. Dufferin, Lord, visit to St. John, 147. Dunham, Lane, gunner, death of, 151. Durant, Lewis, sergeant, 40 ; exhil)its model of steam engine, 65 ; lieutenant, 85 ; cap- tain, 86; retires with rank, 101. INDEX. 255 ' Kasteni ' halterv. 205. Kastj ort, town of, friendly resolutions, 26. Kiisty, J. H., litiitt-nant, 240. Kdfjar, JanK-s, cai)tain. ^•6. Kdwanfs, John C. won nrize for attendance at drill, 17S ; appointed orderly room clerk, 219. Ellis, Fred. II., lieutenant, 160. European it Nt)rth American Railway, salute on turning of .sod. 77. Kwin^, Joseph, lieutenant, 144, 150; on tluty at St. John fire and injured, 153; retires, Kxhibition, Dominion, 1S83, 167. Exhibition, Provincial, 163. Farmer, Richard, lieutenant, 124; captain, 126; muster roll of battery, 127; brevet major, 139; ciuartermaster. 1,49; retired, 231. Fenian excitement, 130, 145. Fire at St. John, 1S77, iri4 ; force called out. 15r> : blowing down of walls, ITKJ ; accident toCrunner I.,amh, \!^i; to I.ieutenant F^vving, 157 ; report of D. A. G. on, 158. ' Flat Feet,' 80. Forts, The, 1»7 ; Dorchester batterj-, 5, 17, 205 ; I'ort Frederick, 27, 1!H). Foster, Fred. A., lieutenant, 241. Foster, George I,., sergeant, 114; lieutenant, 243. Foster. Robcri P., lieutenant, 207. F'oster, Stephen Kent, lieutenant, 44, 48, 51 ; assisted in celebration of yueen's corona- tion, 53 ; captain. (U : maintained efficiency of portion of regiment, 72; major, 75; brevet lieutenant-Colonel. 85 ; assists in reception of Prince of Wales, 90 ; presides at social meeting of officers, i)8, speech in respon.se to presentation of colors, 105 ; lieutenant- colonel, 129 ; commission as evidence of continuity of corps, 140 ; gazetted in bri- gade, 143 ; as senior officer at St. John re- quested to call out force for duty after Are, 155; issues orders for corps to be in readi- ness for emergency, 159 ; thanked for sy.s- tematic preparation, 109 ; provincial A. I). C, 102 ; quartermaster-general, 119 ; colonel-commandant, 129. Hay, George, lieutenant, 247. Hea, Fred. I.,,, paymaster sergeant, death of 218. ^56 INDEX. Hobeii, C. F., lieutetunit, 24)». Holhrook. Inm-.--, lifiittnant, 42. Hopkins, John, privalt in Nicholson's hat tery, 4:{. Howe, Joseph, lietitenant, 2;iit. HuKhes, Samuel, serseant major, instructs, 171 ; life of, 187 ; presentation to, 188. Hughson, William, lieutenant, 4:i, 48; sketch of, f)!. Humbert, Thos. Coke, lieutenant, 8(J; resigns, Hunter, Roger, lieutenant, 101, 12H. Inch, Robert, lieutenant, bravery at St. John fire, l.'i7. Inches, Keir, death of, 12«. Inches, Teter R.. M. I)., sergeant, 114 ; ser- geant-major, ll.'i, 12fi ; lieutenant and cap- tain, i;«l. Inspections, M, 80, »8, 102, 122, 124, 127, 120, 145, 14(1, Wi, 1«W>, 1«'., 1«4. Ittfi, 187, 172, 175, 178, 17», 181, 183, 184, 211, 21«, 218. Irwin, I.ieutenant-Colonel D. T., inspects, 1(U, 1((5, 172, 175, 178, 179, 183, 215. Jack, I. Allen, gunner Peters' battery, 111 ; secretary, 108 ; vice chair at last meeting, 11«. Jago, D. R., lieutenant R. A., 124 ; appointed captain and assistant adjutant-general of artillery, 131 ; arranges a system of signals during Ketiian scare, 132 ; views on disci- pline, 134: assistance at Confederation, 141; inspects, 14)); brevet lieutenant-colonel, 140; appointed assistant inspector of artil- lery, 151; forms Provincial Artillery Associ- ation, 151 ; resignation, 151 ; death, 183. Johnston, Fort, 205. Johnston, Thos. H., orderly room clerk, 219 ; paymaster's sergeant, 210. Jones, Kdward, gunner, wins Prince of Wales' medal, 114; Prince of Wales' cup, 123; gold watch, 123 ; lieutenant, 124. Jones, Ernest Ray, lieutenant, 219. Jones. F. C. lieutenant, 207. Jones, (5eo. W., lieutenant, 173; captain, 174; major, 214 ; presents cup for competition, 210, 217. Jones, Thomas, captain, 43. Jubilee of corps, celebration of, WJ. Jubilee, yueen's, celebration of, 177. Kane, John A., lieutenant, 143 ; captain, 147; retires, 171. Kent, Duchess of, death of, 102. Kent, Duke of, visits vSt. John, 10 ; com- mander-in-chief, 18 ; address from city of St. John, 18. Kerr, John, lieutenant, gunnery of, 137 ; raises a battery, 1.38 ; captain, 143 ; battery becomes non-effective, 147. King, John, captain, death of, 147. King, Wm. A., lieutenant, 150; bravery at St. John fire, 156; payma.ster, 231 ; retires, i71. King's New Brunswick regiment raised, 3. Kingston, William J., lieutenant, 240. Kinntar, ("eo. I,., captain, 247. Kirk, Janu's. lieutenant, 85; retires, 124. Knight, R. N, lieutenant. 80 ; retires. 121. Knox, F. I,., lieutenant, 8',l; captain, 121 ; out of service, 124. I.anib. Walter, gunner, injure J at fire, rescue of, 157. I.aiider, Thos. W., lieutenant. 150 ; captain, rai.ses battery, IW I ; retires, 171 ; presenta- tion to. 172. Langan, (.'. F., lieutenant. 171 ; instructor, 171; captain. 240; adjutant. 232; retired with rank. 2.32, Lansdowne cup. won. 170, 210. 218. Lanstlowne. Frank (V. W.. sergeant. 84 ; lieutenant. 85; in Peters' battery. 107; lieutenant, 120. haw. Militia. 4, 78, 119. Lectures, 135. Letson, y. J., lieutenant, 130. Leonard. Robert J., lieutenant. S^. Ijnde. F. R., sergeant, 1(K). Lisgar, visit of Lord. 144. 14(i. Lock's, Major, battery R. A. at St. John. (J5. Lockhart, W. A., treasurer Peters' battery, 114; sergeant, 114; sergeant-major, 11.5; quartermaster, 125, 140. 143 ; retires, 140 ; mayor of St. John, 120. Lome. Marquis of, vi.sit of, 101. Loyalists, landing of. 1 ; fall fleet. 2; jubilee, 44 ; (With anniversary. (Ml ; OOtli anniversary. 75. 70th atiniver.saiy. 77; centennial. 105; participation of artillery in celebration, 100. Luard, Major-General, inspects, 104. MacLaren, J. S., assists at concert, 210. Madigan. Michael, leader of band. 102. Markham. Major, commandant Bisley team, serenade to, 218. Marshall. John R.. recollections of. 40. 87 ; lieutenant. 83 ; captain. 85 : authority dur- ing fire, 158. Martello Tower, history of, 202 ; poem, '203. Maunsell, Lieutenant-Colonel Geo. J., adjut- ant general of N. B., 120 ; transferred, 163 ; return of, 108. Maxwell, J., lieutenant, 48, 84. Mayes, C.S., assists at concert, 200. Mealing. Joseph, lieutenant, 142. Mechanics' In.stitute, opening of, 05. Meiii, I 'eutenant-Colonel 74th regiment, 37. Melick, Charles J., lieutenant, 43, 48, 87 ; sketc*^ *■, 51 ; captain, 05, 83 ; major, 85, 140. U retires, 140. Melick, James G.. sergeant. 40 ; exhibits model of steam engincj 05 ; lieutenant, 80 ; captain, 101 ; retired with rank, 101. Messinett, Lieutenant John, 41. Middleton, Major-General, inspection by, 168. Militia Bill, debate on, 77. Militia Law, 4 78, 110; enrolment under, 121. Militia Records. 40, 130. Militia System, decadence of old, 63. Milledge", Lewis D., lieutenant, 242. INDEX. 257 MilHkeii, Henjatniii, lieutenant. •J4(i. Mincliiti, Captain (reo. F., :W ; major. 42. Mitclull, Alexander, lieiitenant. i)7. Montizanibert, I,ieuten.'int-t;ol()nel, inspects. 184, •>\H. Montreal challenKe cup. 178. Moore, James, lieutenant. "248. Moor., Thos. H.. captain. 247. Morehouse. Jolin, tiombardier Teters' bat- tery. lli'>. Morgan. \V'., wins prize, Vi.i. Morris, Walter H., lieutenant. ■■M). Morse. I.ieutenant-Colonel. report an forts. Mount, James, work of, 84 ; major, i;«l, 14n, . 14.S; retires, 14(i. Mowatt, Captain John, 41, 03. Muir, Captain James, 41. Murray, t hristopher, lieutenant, 126; cap- tain, lao; l)attery disbanded, );{8. Murray, J., gunner, killed by .iccident, 14!t. Murray, Major, commanding King's N. H. regiment, (i. luster days, 73. Muste McAfee, Wm,, wins medal, 120. McCarthy, Altlerman Patrick, poein by, 203. McColgan, William H., lieutenant, 244'. McCordock, Sergeant Wm, J., KHt; lieuten- ant, 121. McCormack, Joseph, lieutenant, 251. McFrederick, I.angford, gunner, death of, 218. Mc(iee, C'aptain Charles, raises battery at St. Creorge, 142. Mclntyre, .Samuel, gunner, death of, 150 Mcjimkin, R., gunner, bravery of, ir>7. McKinney, James, lieutenant, 244. Mcl,achlan, Thos. M., lieutenant, 8(1; captain, 12(1 ; company disbanded, 12i). McLauchlan, John, captain, raises compsny, 80 ; comiiany's presentation to instructor, 1(H> ; retires, 120. McLeod, Donald, lieutenant, 43, 47. McLeod, C.eorge K,, lieutenant, 172; captain, 180 ; adjutant, 208. McNair, Major .'i2nd regiment, 38. McNichol, Jas., lieutenant, 130. Naish, IsKac, lieutenant, 97. Name of corps, 47, 208, 2 lit. .Napier, Sergeant, wins medal, 1:58. Nicholson, Thos. ly., raises battery, 43,4!); sketch of, 52 ; major, 64 ; death of, 75. Nile, battle of the, news at .St. John. 21. "Nipper.s, The,' picture of, 115. Odell, (ieo. M., lieutenant, 43, 47. Odell, Tho.s. T., lieutenant, 130. Officers, battery, 1838, 47 ; 1885, 172. t)gden, Henry, lieutenant. 247. Ogden, Thomis, lieutenant, 247. Orange celebration, force called out, 151. osburn. Henry, captain, raises Imltery, 1;«) ; called out, Ui. Oswald, I.ieutenntif-Colonel, commands Shoeburyne.ss team, lOt. Paisley, Thos., lieutenatit, 8;{. Pallen, C.unner, wins Trince of Wales' cup and medal, 145. Palmer, ( harles, lieutenant, 247. Paris, treaty of, 54. Par.sons, Kfijah, lieutenant, 8(1. Penfold. M.J., bandmaster, UW. I'erley. Moses 11.. death of. UH. I'erley. Thos. K.. lieutenant, 2.50. I'erley. W. Colebrooke. bombardier in Peters" battery, 115 ; corporal, 115, 125, Peters, H. tester, battery ot, loi, '()(>; muster rolls, 10!>; meetings, 114, 125; disbandment. 1 10 ; death of, 217. Peters, Iv. H., quartermaster, 47, «4, SS ; lieu- tenant, 48. Peters, (ieo. C. lieutenant. 124. Peters. Hurd. captain, conipanv of, 85; lecture by, 1(MI ; retires, 124. Peter.s, Martin Hunter, lieutenant, 103; cap- tain, 121 ; called out, 131; major, 140; in temporary coniniand of corps, l(i7 ; retires, 170 ; death of, 170. Peters, R. Hrooks, secretary, 115. Peters, Thomas W., entertains corps at drill shed, 184 ; presents colors to St. Paul's church, 215. Pick, Kdward, adjutant, 47. Pick. Creo. H., lieutenant, 84 ; captain, 85 ; called out, 131 ; major, 14(J ; retires, 1(J8. Pine, (Veo. J., gift to corps, l(i2. PoUeys, Captain, commended in report, 15it. KiO ; battery aids civil power, 102, Pollok, John, lieutenant, 4.3, 4!). Portland battery, muster roll of, 127. Potter, James, captain, 33, M, 3(5. Poulden, Captain, R. A., at Fredericton, 73, Pratt, Sergeant, A. K., on Shoeburj'ness team, IT.i, Prevost, Sir Ceorge, orders march of 104th regiment, 27. Price-Lewes, Lieutenant-Colonel, inspector of artillery, 102; resigns, l(i4. Prince Alfred, visit of, 101 ; salute to, 101 : reprimand for salute, 102. Prince Arthur, visit of, 145. Prince F'dward, see Duke of Kent. Prince of Wales, birth of, 05 ; visit of, 91 ; companies called out, 94 ; at I'redericton, 93, 94 ; company called by his title, 93 ; general orders upon visit, 95; cup, winners of, 123, 14,5, Princess Louise, vi.sit of, 161. Provincial corps raised, 3, Queen's coronation, .53. (jueen's jubilee, 177. Quinton, James, lieutenant, 97 124. transferred. 258 INDKX. Raid, Fenian, 18(W, 181 ; general order upon, i:!5. Railway, contract signed, salute upon, H. Raiikin, Alexatider, lieutenant, «.> ; retires, IL'4. Raiikine, Alexander, lieutenant, 1(7; captain. 101. RanJiey, Wni. Parker, raises battery, 4:i, in; sketch of. Til ; resigns, (14. Raymond, W. ()., lieutenant, 250. Rei)enion, North West, 171 ; services of corps offered, 171; services of C'ai)tain H.-irrison and Corporal Richartlson, 172: medals pre- sented, I7r). Rebellion, I'apineati's, J(l, 4!>. Red Head, fort at, 2(Ml. Reed, Lhas. R., bombarditrt in Peters' bat- tery, 115. Reetf, Robert, captain Independent Volun- teers, 5. Reed, Robert, private in Nicholson conipanj-, 4;i ; lieutenant, 7;{, 8;{, hospitality to Prin- cess Louise, l«ll ; death of, 211. Regiment, formation of, 4«i ; officers, 40, 47 : change to brigade, 18tH), 140; officers of, 143 ; change to battalion, 208 ; to regiment again, 219 ; officers, 18!>:{, 207. Rejjiment, the 104th, raised, 27, Reign of Terror, 2. Richardson, Corporal Thomas, services in North West, 172, 190, presentation to, 190; medal presented, 175. Right of Search, 24. Ring, O. IVed., A. 1). C, 149. King, J. Alfred, captain, 140 ; commended 5 report, 159; retires, 171. Ring, B. T.. lieutenant, 240. Ritchie, R. R., lieutenant, 172. Robertson, James, F., sergeant, 84, 114 ; lieu- tenant, i:«l, Robertson, Robert, lieutenant, 43, 48 ; sketch of. 51 ; captain, 65. Rodgers, Joseph, lieutenant, 247. Rogers, Robert, lieutenant, 2i7. Rogers, lyieutenant William, 85. Rose, John H lieutenant, 252. Rose, Captain Wm. T., 41, 42, 48, 84 : retires as major, 1.S4. Ross, William, lieutenant; 43, 49. Roxborough, Wm., lieutenant, 245. Saunders, Lieutenant-Colonel, A. D. C, 149. Scammell, R. J., lieutenant, 173; captain, 174. vScott, Thos., lieutenant, l.W. . Scovil, E. W, B., lieutenant, 214. Search, right of, 24. Seely, J. Fred., bombardier in Peters' bat- tery, 115 ; corporal, 115. Seely, Geo. B., captain, 171, 172; major 180; death of, 182. .Senhouse, H. F., asks for sleds to .send sailors overland, 28. Sergeant-Major, the, 186. Sham fights, 44, 00. Shannon. Geo. J., lieutenant, retired, 120. Sherbr(M>ke, Sir John, forwards nir.teriel to St. John, 27. .Shoeburyness, first team sent to, 104 ; second team, I.itutenant-Cnlonel .Vrmstrong aj)- pointed to command of, 173; success in comjjctitions, 174. Shore, John Saundc-.-^, lieutenant, 4:i ; caj)- tain, 43, 47 ; sketch of, 5o. Shore, Colonel (icorge, death of, 70. Shore, Wm. II., lie\itenant. 248. Simond.s, Charles, lieutenant. 43, 4i>. Simonds, John, lieutenant, 122; captain, 124; retires. 120. Simonds. Richard, raises company, 85, 91). Simpson, Hdward, lieutenant, 249. Sketches f)f original members Cf)lville com- pany, 9 to 15. Skillen, Wm., lieutenant, 85. .Skinner, S. A. M., lieutenant, 214. Smith, I). Ci., lieutenant, sujjply officer, l.'iO. Smith, l-'rancis, lieutenant, 85. Smith, George 1\. bombardier in Peters' batterv, llo. 115; appiiinte«l paymaster. 171; death,'2l2. Smith, John R., lieutenant, 130. Smith. Stephen, assistant surgeon, 140,229; transferred to Woodstock field battery, 153. Sneden, Robert R., lieutenant, .^4 ; in Peters' batterj', 107. ' Southern ' battery, 205. Sports, Barrack square, '8S0, 174. Stackhouse, (ieo. J., lieutenant, 8.5. St. Andrews, artillery at, 41. .Stanley of Preston, Lord, governor-general. visit of, 183. Steel. R., gunner, killed by accident. 149, Steeves, J. A. V.,, captain, 207. Stephens, Rlisha. lieuteimnt. 247. Steven, W. A. D., lieutenant, 244. •Stevens, W. H. lieutenant. 2.52. .Stevenson, Thos. I)., lieutenant, 2.52. Stewart, C. C.,. captain, 83. Stewart. Robert A., lieutenant, 142. Stiles, Solomon, lieutenant. 247. Stoop, Francis G., lieutenant, 249. .Strange, Lieutenant-Colonel, report of, 1.53. 160. Stratton, John M., lieutenant, 1'24 ; death of 1'24, Street. Geo. F., major, 47; sketch of, .50; death of, 85. Street, W. W., lieutenant. 120. St. Stephen, artillery at. 41. Studholm. Major. Guilford, at Fort Howe. im. Sullivan, corporal, wins prize for attendance, 181. .Sussex, camp at, 1881, 104. Sweet, Robert, lieutenant. 83. Taylor, John M., lieutenant, retires, 120. Temple, P. L-, lieutenant, 207 ; captain, 219. Thomas. George E,, lieutenant, 84; in Peters' battery, 107. INDEX 259 'h(>iupH()ii, (ii-i). I'., rfcollectiiiiis ot', 44, .Ml, HM ; liciitfiiniit, «;'>. h()iiii)s<)n, Kt. Ht;n. C . r.. Kovcriior, tti\. homsoii. S. K., c.'iplaitj, )"J2: orKniii/.is battery, i:«i. ill, (VcDrKf. lu-ulciiaiit, lC>i>. ilky, M. ('.. liiiitinaiit, K*7. ilk-y, I.ic'Ut.-CroviTiior, Sir S. I,., salute 011 appoiutiiKiit lit, 14!); opL'iis fxliil>itioii. ItW, ipperary, I'urt, -io". ohltrvv. Dr. J., SurKfou, 47, s;{. ounnaliiie, II. M. S., visits of, Isi, \M. ravis, J. Warren, ca])taiii, company of, .sti ; traiistt-rrfd, i"JI. riMich. I.ifiiti-iiaiit-C'olonel coniinaiidiiiK 74th, 2iHt. rent affair, 117; services of artillery, llM. roopin^ the colors. 177, ISi. uiles', ('ai)tain, hatterv K. A., at St. John, (i.'.. urnhnll. K. II., Lieutenant, I7:t. rndcrhill, Jacob, I.)., lieutenant, 12(i; adjut- ant, I.S(), 140; commended in report, l.'iit; offers batteries for service abroad, ItK) ; re- tires, 1()S. VatiKhan, Wm,, lieutenant, 2;Vi. Volunteer system, new. iuce])tionof, 81; coni- jianies accepted, S2. Wallace, Matthew, lieutenant, 1.5(1. Walling. Staff-Sergeant, instructs in shift- ing, Ki". Wallop, Newton Ward, lieutenant, 44, 48, .ll. War, probability of Kuropean, l.W ; report of D. A. C... 1(M). War with P'rance, 17iW, H. War with V. S. A.. 1812, 2.5 ; ended. 1814, :n. Ward, John, second lieutenant, 4 ; brief .sketch of. !> ; alderman, lit; as major, in 41) ; 42; corresiMJUdetice, 'M ; is.siies order. M ; .td- drcHS to, «7 ; reply, tl8 ; life of, 7<) ; death. 71. Ward, Caleb, lieutenant, :W, ;. Willis, Major Cuthbert, commandant at St. Andrews, 1:52. Wilson, Captaiti Thos. n., A. D, C, 74. Winslow, John C, lieutenant, 2.50 Woodstock battery, becomes field, IW). Wright Wm., captain, 8;{. 207 ; captain, 48. 240. 44, 48 ; .sketch York county, artillery in, 42. Young, Sir John (I,ofd I,isgar;, visit 14(i. )f, 144, Erratim.— Page 2(K(, line 8 from top, for 'Frviwh' read ' Tirtir/i,' If