IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 U 1.25 '-lis IIM If 1^ 1.4 1^ M 1.8 1.6 V] ^3 /a O 7 iV CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/iCMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 1980 Technical Notes / Notes techniques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Physical features of this copy which may altc^r any of the images in the reproduction are checked below. L'institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. Certains d^fauts susceptibles de nuire d la quality de la reproduction sont not^s ci-dessous. 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The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol —►(meaning CONTINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. The original copy was borrowed from, and filmed with, the kind consent of the following institution: Library of the Public Archives of Canada Maps or plates too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les images suivaites ont dt6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, :ompte tenu de la condition et de la nettetd de i'exemplaire filmd, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Un des symboles suivants apparaTtra sur la der- nidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ► signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". L'exemplaire i\\m6 fut reproduit grdce d la g6n6rosit6 de I'dtablissement prdteur suivant : La bibliothdque des Archives publiques du Canada Les cartes ou les planches trop grandes pour dtre reproduites en un seul cliche sont fiimdes d partir de Tangle supdrieure gauche, de gauche d droite et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n6cessaire. Le diagramme suivant illustre la m6thode : 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 6 6 i 1 . ; >:. "" ■^V' •''■■! '•. ,A DIRECT TRADE •^y/il^.'-" ■ BETWEEN 77-y£ DOMINION OF CANADA .-•,■(■. •«. I AND THE fc^ijiij 0| %xuA, kv -'I- BT W. DARLEY BENTLEY, ■ V mU/JLMJf CONSUL. B A R N E T : ■■^.C .V ^-/ - •*■ PRINTED BY STEPHEN BALUOCK, ■:'fV\ 1880. t.' ■ v v ^H I DIRECT TRADE BETWEEN THE DOMINION OF CANADA AND THE %mx\t 0| %\m\ kv BY W. DARLEY BENTLEY, BRAZILIAN- COXSUL. B A R N E T : PRINTED BY STEPHEN BALDOCK, 1880. l\0^\o So little was known in Brazil of British North America, or, as it is now called, "The Dominion of Canada," of its products aud manufactures, that I was induced when lately in fhat country, to add to the letters I had already written in the "Journal do Commercio," of Rio de Janeiro, the statistics and information which are contained in the first portion of this pamphlet, in the hope that the proposal for the establishment of direct trade which has been made ijy the Government of Canada, mig-ht find an echo in Brazil ; and I was the more induced to do this from the fact that His Excellency, Senhor b NiMBU, the Prime Minister, had published a dispatch I had previously written to him on the subject, which M-as most favourably receiv..^d both by the Press and the Public. It was my good fortune in February, [S78, to cross the Atlantic with Dr. S. P. May, of Toronto, the Secretary to the Canadian Commisioners at the Paris Exhibitioi-., In conse- quence of the conversation I had with this gentleman, I visited the exhibition, and paid particular attention to the exhibits from the Dominion, having in view a visit to Brazil. When there I continued niy en(,uiries, and again on returning to Eurojic I went to Pc ris. where the Canadian Commissioners kindly opened their books to me in order that I might obtain every information. From what I there learned it was perfectly clear that Brazil was losing a good market for her produce, and that Canada, by taking the productions of Brazil direct, might find in return a profitable markit for hers in that country. I . ii I according-ly proceeded to Canada and placed my views l)efore some of the leading men of tlie Dominion, as well as Ijefore the Board of Trade of Montreal, all of whom expressed themselves very warmly in favour, and having' received the support of the principal manufacturers and producers, I laid the matter before the Government. Sir John A. Macdonald am! his colleagues entered at once into the question, and while expressing- the great respect they entertained for His .Majesty, the Kmperor, and their desire to cultivate more intimate commercial relations with the Empire shewed t'::eir appreciation by at once proposing in the House of Commons, a vote of 50,000 dollars per annum, to aid the e.stahlishment of a direct line of Steamers between the Dominion of Canada and Brazil, dependent, however, on the Government of Brazil agreeing to give a like amount. And while they had in their Budget given evidence of their good will, by arranging their tariff to favour Brazil in Sugar and CofTee (the only Brazilian products which are taxed) they commissioned me to say to the Government at Rio, thai they were wdling to make even further concessions in these commodities if Brazil on her part would reciprocate. I found the Government of Brazil were fully alive to the advantages that must accrue to their country by the develop- ment of direct trade, and in response to the initiative taken by the Government of Canada, have prepared a Bill for a similar subsidy, have passed a law authorising- the Government to make reciprocal reductions in tariff, and have also granted the use of Government Buildings, and other favours for the holding of an Exhibition of Canadian Products and Manufactures during^ the I)resent year. views /ell as pressed ■ed the aid the 2red at respect ■ desire Empire ouse of aid the ominion crnment ley liad rangin<,'- le only ine to :o make on her ve to the levelop- iken by similar to make e use of cf of an ring' the 111 To the statistics which chictly related to the Dominion of Canada, published in Brazil, I have added tables of the trade of the chief ports of that couni.y and also fhe course of trade between the United States of America, (the most of whose products are identical with those of Canada,) the West Indies, and the River Plate Republics. The statistics for all the Ports of Brazil have unfortunately not been published to the latest dates, and in these cases I have taken the fiyures given in the last official reports. It is greatly to be regretted that at |)»"esent there are no means to trace the quantities of Brazilian produce which undoutedly reach Canada through England and the United States, or the amount of the products of the Dominion which find their way into Brazil, through the same medium. It is to be hoped however that the establishment cf direct communication will remedy this in the future. It is only for me to place information and statistics before the public of both countries, for them to see and appreciate the immense advantages of direct communication, and if I am the means of opening up a new market for the products of Brazil and Canada, 1 shall be rewarded by the feeling ihat I have benefited in some degree the country which I have the honor to serve, as well as the foremost colony of my native country \VM. DARLEY Br<:NTLEY. Jlfdiilid/i Consul. London, 20th January, iSSo. I'he Dominion of Canada, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans, contains about 3,406,000 square miles. Its principal cities, are Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, Hamilton, London, Ottawa, (the seat of Government,) St. Johr^ and Halifax. The chief Ports are Montreal, Quebec, Halifax, and St. John's — of these Montreal and Quebec, situated on the river St. Lawrence, are closed in winter, but Halifax and St. John's are open all the year round, and from these cities the Government "Intercolonial" Railway opens communication with the whole country, and also the Unit'jo States. Canada has a representative Government : the Governor General representing the Queen of England, and receiving advice from his Ministry. The House of Commons an d The ^'iiult^»ce^elected by the people. Canada governs herself, has the right to impose taxes, and to adjust her tariiT to suit herself, and in fact is perfectly independent of the Mother Country in everything that does not effect the Imperial Interests of Great Britain. It is a fact, that t^'^ distance from Pernambuco to Halifax is 33 miles shorter than from Pernambuco to New York, the exact miles being to Halifax 3,331, and to New York 3,364. In summer, vessels go up the St. Lawrence, and by a system of the most splendid Canals in the world, through the inland lakes to Chicago on Lake Michigan, a distance of 6 i,26i miles from Montreal, and about 2,200 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. By this route grain and merchandise can be shipped during- the season from Chicago, and the Western States of America and Canada, to any part of the world without tranship- ment, and at a freight considerably less than by Railway to the Sea Board and thence by steamer. Besides this, Canada is well supplied with Railways running to all parts of the Dominion and taking her produce at low freights. Let us now see what the Dominion of Canada produces, aM in the able statistics which the government publish they are classified under the heading of 1st — Produce of the Mine. 2nd — The Fisheries. 3rd — The Forest. 4th — Animals and their Produce. 5th — Agricultural Products. 6th— Manufactures. 1st— PRODUCE OF THE MINE. The value of the exports of the Produce of the Mine for the year 1S7S was 2,869,363 dollars. In this class are included Coal, Mineral Oil, Gold, Ores, Silver, Lead, Copper, &c. The coalfields of Canada are situated in the Provinces of Nova Scotia and Nev/ Brunswick, and belong to the true carboniferous period, The coal produced being as good as some and superior to most English north-country coal. Though comparatively little has been done as yet towards the full development of the mines, the amount of coal raised has been as follows: — 1875- 781,165 tons. 1876. 709,646 tons. 1877. 757,40 tons. Mineral oil is found in the Province of Ontario, but owing to the repeal of the duty on Petroleum the Inland Revenue statistics do not give a full account of the trade. The following may be considered pretty accurate— CIU-DK OIL. MANI:FACT.-I,KD, EXrOKXED. Impl. Gal. i,„,,i. G,.,. j^p,_ ^^^j_ '^75 7.202,991 ^4,009,663 ,,,40 '^7^ 9-4i/,9oi 4.838,215 4-^246 '^~7 1S.9f34.647 7:)i3754 3.923,720 This oil is less explcive and stands a higher test than that of the Pensylvania oil region. It obtained a special prize at the Paris Exhibition, and the Legion of Honor was given to the Exhibitor. The amount of some of the' other products of the mine exported were — Gold Gypsum Copper Silver Phosphate Lime. Salt Stone 1.03 I 509 dollars value, 9'">.'J95 "9-629 '03.6S1 '-''4.612 S3720 52,66s Snd-FISHEEIES. This is one of the most important industries in the Dominion, and it is satisfactory to fln^l that the yield and value are still improving. Compared with iS;6, the produce of the 8 following- year, 1877, was nearly one million dollars more, being valued at 12,029,957 dollars. The following- are the total values of Exports from the Dominion for the last four fiscal years and the countries to which the produce was shipped direct : — 1875 1876 1877 1878 Dollars. Dulhirs. Jlollars. Dollars. Gt. Britain 652,870 687,101 808,330 i,oS8,o88 United States.. 1,644.828 1,475,419 1,317,917 2,391,417 Portugal 32,386 51,836 53,500 50,979 Italy 164,000 139.387 213,580 144,181 BritishW. Indies 1,493,530 1,348,637 1,633,868 1,426,492 Spanish do. 728,299 825,287 958,850 841,193 French do. 240,841 239,724 143,801 223,237 South America 208,921 297,609 338,734 381,414 British Guiana 1,467 190,661 167,965 125,831 Australia 32,385 16,492 25,953 68,878 Other Countries 181,000 228,836 211,862 189,857 Totals 5-3S0.527 5,500,989 5,847,360 6,931,567 3rd-THE FOREST. Canada abounds with forests producing unlimited quanti- ties of the finest timber of all descriptions. The total exports for the year 1877 and 1878 are valued at 23,665,487 dollars and 20,054,829 dollars respectively. The bulk of the lumber exported from Canada goes to the United States, and it is mostly from that country that white pine, &c,, find their way into Brazil. ire, being from the mtries to Of the quantities and value of planks and boards exported from the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec in the following years it will be seen that over 94 per cent, went to the United States. 878 ;jllnr8. )S8,o88 591.417 50,979 1 44, 1 S I 426,492 341,193 223,237 381,414 125,831 68,878 189,857 531.567 ^^'1". Fcrt. Viiluf indiilliirH. IVr cvnlagc exporti'il to United Stiitos '875-76 336,110,000 3.693,519 9^.13 '876-77 330,051,000 3,542,642 94.43 ^^77-7^ 353,827,000 3.700,463 94.12 A fair idea of the extent of the Canadian lumber trade with the United States may be taken from the following table, shewing the quantity of Canadian and American Lumber respectively imported into the Port of Oswego in the United States : Totiil Amount TropDrtion of United Troportion of Year. of feet. States Lumber. Canadian. 1875 156,207,670 5,511,266 150,696,404 '876 124,536,918 3,525,289 121,011,629 1877 123,312,125 3,172,701 120,139,424 ;d quanti- re valued ely. The le United pine, &c,, The total value of exports of lumber from Canada dirhct to South America in 1S7S was I9S,977 dollars, but this went almost entirely to the River Plate. It will be seen, therefore, from the above figures, that the lumber imported into Brazil, though largely Canadian, comes from and through the United States. Why should it not come direct, saving to the people of this country the profit that must be made by the middle men ? 10 4th— ANIMALS AND THEIR PRODUCE. Canada is pre-eminently a butter and cheese country, as will be seen by the large exi)orts of these commodities. In 1877 she exported 15,479,550 pounds of butler and 37,700,921 pounds of chet se, and in 1878 her exports were, butter, '3.504,117 pounds, and cheese, 39,371,139 pounds. Of eggs, she exported 5,025,953 dozens in 1877, against 5.268,170 dozens in 187S. Canada also exports large quantities of live stock dead meat, bacon, hatns, &r. Last year, 187S, her exports of these were as follows: — Cattle Number 30,456 Sheop ,, 242,989 Bacon and Hams 7,686,071 pounds Beef and Mutton 5.651. 5S2 P^rk 2,506,528 Tongues 125,718 rr..-:.frve(! Meat 1,117,431 ,, The total v.ilue of her exp rts unrler this head of Animals and their produce for the year 1S78, was 14,577,086 dollars. 6 th— AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. After the United States and Russia, Canada is the largest producer (;f Agricultural jjroducts in the world. Her total exports fcr the y.>ar 1S77 were valued at r9,279,726 dollars, and for the yc.ir 1S7.S at 27,281,089 dollars. 11 The following table will show the exports in detail : — 1877. Barley 6,587,180 bushels Peas 120 100 Indian Corn 4,083,174 Odts 3,996,156 Pease >, 753 439 Rye 95.065 Wheat 3.559.095 Flour 276,439 barrels Oatmeal 33.727 „ Potatoes 3,124,334 bushels 1878. 7,543,342 bushels 7 '.299 3,987.600 2,430,841 2,420,049 452,420 „ 8,509,242 479,245 barrels '74,5" 1,065,757 bushels 6th— MANUFACTURES. The total value of the exports of Canadian manufactures was in 1877, 4,681,759 dollars, and in 1878 4,715,776 dollars. This is comparatively small, but it must be remembered that the policy of the late Government in Canada was a free trade policy. It is not for me to enter here into the merits of free trade or protection, but the g-eog-raphical position of Canada lying- adjacent to a great country whose policy is strict protec- tion, cannot but interfere with free trade and make it an impossibility. The boundary line between the two countries is to all intents and purposes imaginary, but on the one side of this line is a country with a protective tariff, and on the other side there was practically a free trade tariff: consequently all the surplus stock of the United States manufacturers was sent into Canada and sold at prices at which it was impossible for the II 12 Canadian manufacturers to compete. Hence, therefore, many industries were abandoned, while others languished or were undeveloped. The present Government were elected to alter this state of things, and their policy has been to protect Canadian industries against the United States, to promote and foster manufactures, and to develope direct trade with foreign countries. Still Canada, in agricultural implements, hardware, manufactures of leather, shoes, sewing machines, manufactures of wood, liquors, beer, ales, locomotives and railway carriages, and many other articles can compete successfully both in price and quality with any other country. Labour in Canada is cheap and above all the necessaries of life are cheap. She has an abundant supply of Railways, and her water communication in summer is the finest in ihe world. She has therefore all the elements of future greatness, and as her population multiply, so will her trade and her resources, which even now are numerous, rapidly increase. The following table shews the total value of all the exports whatever from the Dominion of Canada to each country during the fiscal year ending 30 June, 1878:— Great Britain United States British West Indies Spanish West Indies French Wesi Indies Danish West Indies Dollars. 45 .9 1 7.693 22,850,439 1,950,144 1,039,807 246,728 74,465 il i 13 , many • were s state nadian , foster foreign rdware, factures rriages, n price lessaries ailways, t in ihe reatness, and her ise. ■ all the country Dollars. 5.9 1 7.693 2,850,439 1,950. '44 1,039,807 246,728 74,465 Dutch West Indies Hayti British Guiana South America France Australia St. Pierre de Miquelon Germany Portugal Italy Other Countries Total exports for the year 1878 Dollars. 5996 46,997 189,89s 615,519 369,391 370,723 169,219 122,254 104,028 151,861 2,679,853 76,905,012 IMPORTS. The total imports of Canada for the year 1878 were valued at 93,081,787 dollars. It is important only for the present to enquire into the imports of products of Brazil and the sources from which they iind their way into Canada. 14 The following table will be found of interest : CoLiimodity iDesoriptn Coffee .... Rum Suj^ar Melado Cane Juice &c Molasses Bark Berries Drugs, Nuts Vegetables for dyeing Oils,Cocoanut Palm, pine in natural, state Cotton Mahogany, Rosewood India Ruliber Cocoa Beans Diamonds, &c Wool Tobacco Hides, Horns, &c. Total quantity Proportion frra Proportionfrm Proportion frm Importea lUnited States Bugland othr. Countripn lb gal. lb lb lb lb y lb gal. 11) feet i lb ! lb i dollars lb ' lb 1 1,969,016 145.383 110,988,952 16,894 4,025, 592J 4,008,784 53,098,793113,239,889 1,587.520 194,862 99o| .'9,627 45, 19s. 33S|S3, 238,162 16,894! 13.238 343,390 4063,636 3,395,322 614,263 102,776 7.243.413 71.384 7.241,197 5,S76,oooj 5,827,000' 458,755 458,752 73,996| 15,226 16.827; 4,212 6.230,084 5,688,422 31.392 2,216 186,634 124,776 12,555.455 3.570 39,515,514 53,051 1,000 13 5.439 7,003 48,000 8,881,463 8,852,397 53.331 ..^^^ 5,612 235,21^, 306,450 29,066 dollars; 1,207.304 1,051,094 135,985 20,225 lH!l Of all the articles enumerated in the above table and which are produced in Brazil, not one pound or one mil rei't^ luorth is sliipped direct from this Countnj. Surely this is wrong! In Canada there is a market for the producer of these articles and yet they find their way into that country through other countries and by the medium of other exporters, who take a profit that by right belongs to the producer. The refineries of sugar in Canada were compelled to close in l87^ owing to the policy of the then Government, and the system of drawbacks in the United States (covering it is 15 and rt »'.•«• rong- ; tides )ther ike a alleged a bounty of i8 cent per loo pounds,) upon refined sugars exported into Canada. Previous to that year Canada had imported direct from Brazil an aA erage often million pounds of sugar per annum, but since not one pound has been received. The percentage of sugars imported direct from the country of its growth fell off from 43.55 in 1875 to 7.30 in 1878. The present Government have however altered this and the refineries are again at work. They have enacted ''That the advalorem duty on sugar "coming direct from t!;e country of its growth shall be charged " on the fair market value of the sugar at the place of pro- "duction without any addition for the cost of hogsheads or "other packages or other charges or expenses prior to ship, "ment." This is a great boon to Brazil, and as the Canadian Government are willing to grant still further favours to Brazil in this co.;imodity on certain conditions, I anticipate without doubt, that the Government of his Majesty will entertain favour- ably the questions, and that the sugar industry so lon^f languishing will revive under these influences. There is a splendid opportunity for Brazil to get a footing in the markets of Canada. If she can strike in now she can place her sugar in Canada, a country that consumes o^e hun- dred and ten millions of pounds, at a price cheaper than other countries. Again, to encourage direct trade, the Government of Canada seeing that coffee came from the United States instead of from the country of its growth, has placed a duty of 10 per cent on coffee imported from or through that country. I IG The other products of Brazil are admitted into the Dominion kkme, but direct communication will soon demonstrate the benefit of direct trade, and before long these articles will be shipped without the intervention of others, and thus return better prices to the producer. It does not require much penetration to see that the fewer hands through which any commodity goes, the better it is for the producer and consumer. To sum up, here are two countries each requiring what the other produces, and yet they have been receiving these pro- ducts through the medium of others instead of making a direct interchange. It is impossible to calculate the amount of money thus lost to both countries, but let us hope that this is now drawing to a close and that the proposals made by the Government of Canada will be met in a right spirit, as I feel sure they will by the Government of Brazil, and that the good feeling and kindly wishes expressed not only by the Canadian Ministers, but by the Canadian People, may find a response in this country, and that the enlightened policy of the Government of His Majesty may contribute to the development of a trade that as it grows in years will grow in extent, and comribute to the wealth and grandeur of two great and mighty Empires. I 17 The Empire of Brazil, containing an area of about 3.134,000 square miles with a coast line of 3000 miles, a population num- bering over 1 1,500,000, and with a geographical position of the greatest importance, with regard to the Dominion of Canada seems to possess special advantages for the development of direct trade with that country. Fertile as the soil is, coffee sugar, cocoa, tapioca, and mandioca, are chiefly cultivated in Brazil: she is therefore practically dependent on other coun- tries for all the necessa'ies and luxuries of life. What Brazil produces is required in Canada, and the products of the Dominion are such as are absolutely necessary in Brazil. Here then are the elements of a mutual trade to hand ready for development. The chief cities and towns in Brazil are on the coast. Commencing t'rom the north we have Para, Maranhao, Pernambuco, Macieo, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Santos, (port of San Paulo) and Rio Grande do Sul, &c. Rio de Janeiro is the capital and contains about 500,000 inhabitants. Trade with Brazil is carried on principally with England, France, Portugal, Germany, the United States, and the River Plate Republics, The following table compiled from the Brazilian returns of 1876 shows the percentage of exports and imports to and from diflferent countries. 18 Germany and Austria IMPORTS S'2I Beljyfium '•SI Chili and Pacific Ports 0-49 Denn- -k 019 River Plate 9''3 United States 467 France Great Britain and Colonies 1 7 '49 51-47 Spain Holland I '49 0'I5 Italy Portugal 044 5-01 Russia, Sweden, and Norway 0-33 Other Countries 0-42 Exronx». 3-43 063 071 0-88 475 2090 •3 46 45-30 P41 003 08 1 473 2.44 051 Since 1876 there is practically little alteration from these fitjures except thit the United States have increased their exports to the detrement of England. Manufactures of all sorts and luxuries come from European Countries, while the staple commodities are mostly received from North America. Of these Flour is largely imported, the consumption of this com- modity in Rio de Janeiro alone averaging about eleven HUNDRED barrels per day. In like manner lumber so necessary for building and a thousand other purposes comes entirely from abroad ; the wood in Brazil being so hard that it is difficult to work. Butter, cheese, lard, kerosene, and cod-fish enter very largely into the imports. S:^ 19 TL. following are the total imports and exports of the Empire from 1875 to 1878: IMPORTS. 1875-76 • HIL REI8. 171,688,103 1876-77 • £54,932,633 1877.78 EXPORTS. 148,364,654 '875-76 * •• ' • 1 1 178,880,413 ^^7^-77 ••• ••• 1 96, 779,9 '8 1877-78 t 1 « , ^ '53,769,252 EIO de JANEIEO. The Statistics of this port are not yet published for the year 1878, so it is necessary to take those for the preceding year. The total imports were valued 43.69^,221 dollars. The imports of— Cottons Woollens Linens Paper of all sorts '""on Copper Lead Woods Meats Veg-e tables Plants 9,411,736 dollars 3.396,711 1,607.766 962,545 '>399>389 504,186 167.588 749,066 4,568,187 2,522,C27 1,056,372 Note -At the present exchange of 23, the Mil reis mav be taken roundly 08 equivalent n 2 sliillings sterling. ■qnai 20 Juices Chemicals Earthen and Glassware Machinery Sundries 4,010,892 Dollars. 1,164,293 590,998 795 .962 2,675,357 Of the total imports the following countries contributed : 17,279,698 Dlrs. 8,770,680 3,428,382 3,148,310 1,594,462 3,289,480 2,793.952 2,438.741 952,516 England France Portugal Germany Argentine United States Uruguay Belgium Other Countries Total 43,696,221 Dlrs. EXPORTS. The following are the exports from the port of Rio de Janeiro for the yea'- 1877: — Rum ... ... ... 3,462 Dlrs. Cotton Sugar Coffee Hides 28,602 65,904 44,455.691 451,038 fll 21 Diamonds Farinia Tobacco Rosewood Gold Sundries Total And the countries to which sent United States Great Britain France Germany Portug-al Urug-uay Argentine Other Countries Total 330,ii6Dlrs. 937.794 128,812 984,529 3,075-767 50,518,430 Dlrs. 24,266,895 Dlrs. 6,027,726 5,675,458 4,014,304 3,073,946 2,127,449 ',316,075 4,016,577 50,518,430 Dlrs. The exports of Coffee for the year 1877 : EUROPE. 1,317,498 bags UNITED STATES. 1,448,424 TOTAL. 2,765,922 NOTE.-Uufortimately the Statistics of this port arc not kept in the same — a. . Pernan^buoo and Bahia, eon.eauontl, the dota'. Lino::: 22 BAHIA. Imports for 1877-78 Exports for 1877-78 £1,942,336 1,509.518 IMPORTS Great Britain and her Colonies contributed United States ... „ France ... ... » Portugal ... ... „ Germany ... ... „ Other Countries ... „ MIL BKIS 11,727,713 1,296,081 2,329,071 2,016,639 1,960,506 1,160,572 23 00 t>. 00 •o c (d tx 00 I/I u a > •5 u o .— 1/1 I ;§ ° i c .E 0) a X W SI c 'i c 1 o X W to 3 c/D Cn •^ Ln 1^ O CO O) CTi O* ti^ On 00 - >D .^ - "^ — ^ « rv-i vo r=(X) en w o O 1^ ■* Tt- ■* J) ^_^ vo in o\ o a W be o W n j= U- ■4^ tx, s E o o I. o — t^^ t/) (U •*J a *~> Q ;■ Ul It. -/> it '■^ •TD - 1^ OJ ^ ^O h" ID u: (U <- be o n o u If. o 1- ^ ) 1- o 'j- c X w M .E D ro 00 /! t^ £: rj rt 5 ^ O 1^ " OJ ,-3 '^ C8 P5 '■n < — O — '^ -it C *" D M J 0) Xi VO H >-o 0^ t-N. 00 24 PERNAMBUCO. IMPORTS FOR THE YEAR ENDING 30x11 JUNE, 1878. -tei *-'! t^ - CI r^ r,'0 3" '^ - 00 3 LOGO CO ■^vO ■* X) uovD 't - >0 On Q CT\ 1^ M rovO Cl Orol^iO >-0 LT) ■* - ^ tJ- Lo c) ro 01 C\ rj- ro 01 I^ 0) ON ON ON -H (M C^ ON m — 01 LO 00 l•^1 uo «-" -^ -T pf of ■^ ■-« "^ cc i» 0^ i-noo 00 m 0^ — t~^ t^ •* 01 00 - 00 VD iz ro uo »-o 1^* Tj" ro r^,VO 3n:0 n O ■«J- ui too a 3 Lo -^ - 0) 't;a)_ 00 l^X) 03 01 ON On 01 co' v5" 0" u^ un ro >J^ r'l — VO 01 01 01 00 i-O IN M 1^ 10 01 0) -^ ro CN rn ■^ S N VO -r on 1^ Tf d ■w ri^ rn CO — 00 vo 0^'~^oo^^uC^ — Tj- ON ■S 000 .— J^rocOOy)0O — 00 . -3 a 1 •^ r;:; '■n— IT) (M — Tj- -f — f ) , of -^f^2 - V' of i-^ uo — rn ro ^^ •^ Tl- TO) — __ '3 1 00" of ^^ ^8 v5 i-^ la (N l^VC - >-o^ tT) r-n\0 00 — LovO 00 01 01 l^ t^ C\ '■'■■, rn -t C^ — GO co" un c^ — ~ — " M d ~ tF - i< - LO of — _ 'w* uT) ro ro Ol 01 01 l^ ro^O CN vO \0 *S3 - vO o_ 1-0 — t^ eS rn of -' t< of <— • n 1 c/) 00 U1 u 1 ^ lO 1; «5 l/J 1 ^-2S£^ ^• 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 c 1 .1=: i^yi g K/ T3 -0 -r - -o -a -o 1 J'^Q^'^ -a -a c (U O CPU u HJ V) 0) 4-* • ■ • : j= : • , • • 0) • -3 u U Sho teel C t3 2i c _ 2 -a c ■V ■■ •■ --^ ■ aj y 3 S"^ C . T3 Glass Butter ai c '- £1,365,102. Of the year ending June, 1879, the imports and exports have been the smallest on record, the severe drought which this province suffered from, had a serious effect on the sur^ar ••rops, and naturally affected all business. Of FLOUR there xvere received 285,483 barrels and 10,634 bags, coming princi- pally from the United States and Austria. The chief American brands are 1 f axall, Gallego, O. Dance, Mount Vernon, Silver Spring, Illchester, and Miodle Branch. Austrian brands the most used are BuDA Pesth or, Pannonia o/i, Concordia 0,1 P:conojia o/i, and Fontana superfine. In KEROSENE the importation has been 75,870 tins, containing about 2,503,45 i kilos., of which about 2,503,260 kilos, were imported from the United States. 26 PLANKS and LUMBER.— The transactions have l)een small, only 12,031 stjuare metres being- im]iorted ROSIN was entered at 834,821 kilos. HU TTRR.— This articla is in great demand in this P::;rt, the entries being 665,038 kilos, for French, 45,537 kilos, for English, and about 1,107 kilos, from other countries. It is gene- rally put up in boxes of 200II) in lit) or 2II1 tins, and in bands of about 54 to 60 kilos. It may be remarked that in Pornam- buco ihe French butter takes the lead and English has not altogether lost its reputation as in Rio de Janeiro, whtre the brands are Danish and French. POTATOES.- The chief imports are from Lisbon and Havre, 208,966 kilos, coming from the former, 246,459 kilos, from the latter, while 83,498 kilos came from England. LEATHER, prepared for all purposes was entered at 9,775 kilos. CANDLES.— The import of this commodity was 19,728 kilos., chiefly from Hamburg. LAR.D was imported to the extent of 171,000 kilos. CHEESE.— 135,650 kilos., chiefly Dutch. HAM and BACON 212,512 kilos. HARDWARE.— The lowest estimate is 1,095,436 kilos, entered, COD-FISH.— This is one of the largest imports, the amount being 374,104 Drums. Of the Exports for the same period, Sugar shews 85,143 barrels, and 715,400 bags. Hides.— 204,793 Hides, dry and salted have been exported to France and England, while 74,000 of the above were shipped to the United States. 27 00 mm Wme, Oil, Vinegar, Sperm Candles, Flagstones, Furniture, &c., of the value of 43.2 10 mil reis bo 3 ■*-* 5 a, E w Qi a. X w t/5 W Q < 'J /: /?:' H f-H 1 .a 3 ■a > .a >• -<1 00 547 ' inhabitants, commodities eing the only direct Cana- me method of EIGN COUNTRIES DIRECT IN THE YEAR drums— Value— 45,000 mil reis, Newfoundland. 00 5 about 20,oor ry small, all ce a month, b /elopment of ent cumberso 1 > «M 00 s _3 s 00 XOTE.-This port lies ab.jut 120 miles south of Pernambuco and has besides being the capital of the Province of Alagoas. The mREcr trade is ve coming by coast vessels from Pernambuco. The Royal Mail Steamers call on ocean steamers visiting the port regularly. There is great room for the cie. d.an Trade. Products could be landed at a cheaper price than by the pres shipping to Pernambuco and transhipping in coasting vessels. 0' i CI 'O IMPORTS FROM FOR Cod-fish — 3000 11 X 3 CO- LO ( (. ci u (13 u XI I/! >^ r 28 , 1 PARA. The following are the Exports and Imports for the year 1876: IMPORTS. England United States France Portugal Germany value £300,140 93.500 59.930 98.110 9.360 Total £561,030 EXPORTS. TONS. VALUE, India Rubber 6,493 .. £955.000 Cocoa 3241 152,000 Nuts 2,764 41 ,000 Hides 1,24s 40,000 Deer Skins ... 6s 6,800 Isinglass 36 9,100 Balsam Capivi 91 11,800 Quinine Bark 56 12,300 £1,228,000 Note.— The Port is situated at the mouth of the River Amazon, which together with its affluents are navigable by steamers for upwards of 43,250 kilometres=2S,9SO miles as shewn by the following table : 29 Amazon ... ... 3,828 kilom. Basins of its chief affluents 32,822 Lesser affluents and lai Lumber — Boards, Deals, &c M ft. Furniture dollars 12.463 4,246 > 0,9s I 350,250 •75.704 8,874 8,820 58,689 28,314 8,697 65,952 8,806 7.071 24,078 7.421 4,«72 904,129 23«,23I 154.249 21,991 7,754 3.786 31,520 18,628 13,318 577,808 27,320 54,924 21,158 10,081 60 8,718 83,380 45,880 72,752 35,820 20,570 889,958 788,667 15,440 4.743 10,456 32,132 16,400 26,742 k The total exports for the year ending June, 1877, were— Brazil Argentine ... Uruguay 7,499,1 18 dollars !, 129, 168 1,077,434 88 While the total Imports to the United States for the same period were — ^'■^^'' •" ••• ••• 43.498,041 dollars '^'■^'^"^'"^ 3,449.559 ,. ^••"^^"^y 2.197,7., „ The following tables shew the Exports from and Imports to the United States with Brazil, Argentine, Uruguay, and the British, French, Dutch, and Danish West Indies for the yerr ending June, 1878: EXPORTS OF Brazil Manufactures of dollars Cotton ! 523,322 Bread and bread! stuffs '4,694,662 Provisions, butter cheesi; lard pork, bacon, cannd.meats&c 640,673 Petroleum j 671,722 Live Annimals...! Argoiitmo DOLLARS 203,048 8,0 n 34.644 283,810 Uruguay W. Indio "■•;"^'.' D„toh&Dan DOLLARS DOLLARS 67,410 20J,98l 11,023 3,212,055 W. Indies DOLLARS 1,200.003 41,0871,472,245 652,488 95,897! 176,326 69,161 399.6')2 106,138 Totals of Exports Brazil British West Indies ... f''<^"ch „ Danish „ Dutch „ ., Argentine ... Uruguay 8,686,704 dollars 7,606401 1,590,665 746,309 689,377 „ 2,152,109 '.093.432 34 in u nJ O •o ro 00 rr\ ON o 8s 00 I^ vo ^ 00 N uo N •* ■^ ^ v^ ro ■>t q. ih lO 00 Tf l-O Tf IN ro ds ViJ m ^ 1 ■^ O N C/D \D >-o 772 ro ON ■ S "^ tC t^ u \i) •-0 •-0 n VO cs ro 0) jt i/i u u 03 p3 . O ;e O lU o O c/) Q . 1/1 E U 00 O OO" CO 01 o ^3 c o a. E o H 0) d 0) • — I/} o O c o o 4-1 3 Q o 'c CO p 0) c c u < 3 bx) 3 u 35 TRADE BETWEEN THE DOMINION OF CANADA AND THE WEST INDIES. IMPORTS for t..'j year ending- June, 187S : From British West Indies, includinor British Guiana. DIRECT. 1,019,708 TUKO U.S. 42,374 From other West Indies including French and Dutch Guiana. DIRECT. 365.242 THRO U.S. 2 11,397 EXPORTS for year endings June, 1878 : British West Indies Spanish do French do Danish do Dutch do Hayti do ... British G uiana 1,950,144 dollars '.039,807 „ 246,73s ., 74,465 „ 5. 996 „ 46,997 „ '89,895 „ Total Exports to all W. India Island.^ including British Guiana dollars 3,554,042