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Un des symboles suivants apparaftra sur la derniire image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols ~^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre fiimts A des taux de reduction diffirents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, 11 est filmA A partir de I'angle supArieur gauch«, de gauche A droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 8 6 «■ I t TttK PRODUCTIONS or THB EVANGELISTS AND APOSTLES? A FAlTRrCL AND not TRANSLATION OF THE SCRIPTURES or TBI NEW TESTAMENT: wm REFERENCES. SUBDIVISIONS. AND AN APPENOIJt. COMTAIMIHO NOTES TO THE PREFACE AND NOTES ON THE TEXT ; to WHica II ADoia THE APOCRYPHA. Cmrmtot WILLIAM L Y0WM ACKKN2 1837. II. L'P "^bxo^o.iBbT-TC .T6 ADVERTISEMENT. U.e I'Z"^"^ ^'""^'" '» -"ea ,he I„«Hpdo.. .„a . p.„ of 26585? I' R E F A C E. An actual examination of the merits nP t\,^ „ Testament, in respect to corr:ZsTorl^:Z^^^^^ °V'^''^^^ numerable instances it mi^hf K» = j / f, ^' ^ ^^^"^ ^" '« un- kind is compa^tivei; Z ut fauU K' f ^'^^"^^^^^^ «^ ^ -^y serious the ancient lan.ua2 would di "" °"' -acquainted with should institut: a^mTar rw^e:-^ ;e:s^^^^^^^^ ' ^^ '] ^'^^ might make a long list of undoubted errors tL f 5' '"^'"'^ '""' tnisapprehended,the connection often ms^en II 7" " ""''" ^ °'^" it would now be conside.d shameTulTd^^^^^^^^ rendering of particles especiallv H,o«« . "'""^^Sard are neglected; m the tki. circumstance, together with hlj- ' P"""™'"" » f«nl'y, and whteh the „^„;„tr„tre l^^n Znitr f^ """ ''"=" "' " •ense „ both interrupted and d.rke„„i ■ ! f™pnentt, ,„d tf,o •ko n.e-.ing, and occ.Lion.1 "w.Uo„ Jc ''°"' ""-P-™-ion of ». ^...ht.^„..thi..ra„:,r;:d":rhif:;:it;sr" • » • • • . . • • VlH « • • • « PREFACE. • • • » • •»»••» • • » • • * « « • « » » • • • • • • * • •••»•• •• • « • ■-• • • • • • • • *»•♦#*• *• # The day o{ authority in the church is passed by ; it is to be hoped, that the day of sound reason and of argument is to follow. It is better to convince men by an appeal to their understandings and their hearts, than it is to terrify them by upholding the rod of authority over them, and to deter them from speaking out their convictions by arguments ad invidiam. Truth is obtaining the victory over error and delusion, and reason, for the progress of which PREFACE. .°lTd!" T" "'°""' '""^ "•"" "■' *-. « cn,.hi„g ,he „„„! sters of despotism in every section of societv Tf.« • \, de a,l of ,„e,t,o„able, „„i„,p„„„„,, „ „„„|„^„ deduction, R."' en.,Me„ed b, .„o „., ,ove,.,i„„, i, k„„i„, _^ ," •^:;:,^ » °"; .he v.o,„,„f e.„hl, invention h„ „,e„p,ed .o di.fi^ J I i^l" para ^ e„, „, „,,,., „„,,. ^^^^^,^ __^ opinion^and ^ e n", .C clad ,„ ,h, „n.„„„,.ng haWiimen,, of new energies, expanding view" and , e„.„„g , eelebra.ed ,.no,i„na, continne, ,„ pev.eve,e in L ^d and glonons plan, of ref„™ , and through the far e«ended «„e Tf a bnlhan, career, dady to exhibit ,he fresh, but peaceful trophies of c„„ quest, over the devotees of error and delusion. ^ .a._.di,apidatLn:i:x^^^^^^^^ crj„re:;ecr:::.rer.hrr" ""'-'"---• in,r S„„ , . *^® development of saci sd learn- 3ofth: ::agrTh"'""n' "v"""' "-'" -'"^'-« ™" ' lun language, ine republic of letter■. -■esHty.a'nd impartial IIZ 'ie t: he"' ■■ ■"'"";»'«""'«•' "y -"»-.".«. -ctarian singulari- e. To the d,v,„e authonty of the original scriptures, unless I am a nderm: °"',°»- '-"' ' '«' "- -nscientioLy disposed toTur! the m M T""' °" ""' ""■J""'' ""'' """.ervedly to bow with .be most humble and unbiassed suhmission. Having had, therefore "1 prtvate speculations to subserve, the preparation of^the wo ktsno been remotely mHuenccd, by any favorite tenets, or preconceived syst m b r:; cotrsMr""'""" "■ "'° """- °'°"'"- ■"- °"^-' ,l„ 7 compass, the commeutaries, my explanatory chart • and tin. prtncple. of the highest authorities, my general guide , indeldent of all party, conscious of great responsibiht;, and ever rese ^^^ ^ " n.in.r|,. the .ul,ri,„. ■ '"• " ' ' 'Cli'lously endeavored, to ...e ib d d rrr;" °T"' "'""• -' '"" -"^ •"- chaste dec„ra,n,n f he r Jr Z ^T" ' ""' '" "°™'°" '" '"" of the latter, to i„du,.„ „ "inumcrous embellishment. .rent ^vision':; 'Cy w ::."' T r';", '"' '""•"' "' ""• readers, with fidelitv a, . '' ''""""" '" """'''"J' 'o "-r .ion of .urfltr,, ,':"'"''' ""' "' "" '""•""»'■"' '•""■"»""«■ "'• ""'' '"•!»«. and practice. I h„v« „„„..„„.. :„ .. . .. i"diir.r.„t Chi™ r ft .r :: ' ""■"""'• '" "'""" "'"K- •"■»" haracter arrest the pubhc consideration , and that ,1„ „.l XVI PREFACE. yii merit of any literary, or other effort, is among the most uncertain pass- ports to general countenance ; yet, if the approbation and patronage of the community will attend honest intention and laborious exertion, to render a public service in the present instance, some confidence is cherished, that such favor may be imparted to its pretensions. Something on this subject, of a comparatively novel and satisfactory description, appears, as far as our language extends, to have been long required by n^any reflecting men, scattered over the face of an immense section of Christendom ; and the reasonable requisition has been as long, and as widely disregarded. It is still presumed, that this engagement will prove, in general, a very thankless office. Circumstances, uncon- nected with its deserts, may render it obnoxious. Remarkable facihty may be displayed, in vague censures, to its detriment. Reproachful epithets and satirical taunts, may occupy the place of more formidable weapons, and produce great effect. ' Where arguments are wanting, it is always easy to calumniate motives.' Prejudice is the ally of igno- rance ; and when the channel of misapprehension is once opened, the current of displeasure freely flows. It may be unpopular even to doubt the entire validity of the general version. A far spread apathy may rest satisfied with present acquisition, regard it as infallible, and quietly con- sent to bar the portals of the mind, against the light of all future exam- ination ; and thus cause the darkness of existing errors, to remain undi- minished. Prepossessions, in favor of antiquarian foundations and su- perstructures, may be misplaced, or pressed to an unjustifiable extreme. The lovers of black-letter, and the admirers of other superannuations, may be startled, and disposed to dispute every encroachment on their favorite premises. The frowns of many tenacious subjects of the old school, from loyalty to their leading principles and settled habits, are very naturally expected. It may be more practicnble to take captious and severe exceptions to any new production, than to furnish, without its oid, a superior substitute. There is little difliculty in raihng at what majt be deemed rash adventure, arrogant pretension, unhallowed bold- ness, or profane interference : and while it may be impossible to dis- credit a modern work of this stamp, by successfully penetrating the panoply of accurate and refined taste, sound and unassailable criticism, with which it might be mainly shielded ; it may yet be a feasible alter- native, for awakening extensive disapprobation of such a performance, indefinitely to inveigh against it, by characterizing as a zeal of danger- ous tendency, and stigmatizing as the hardihood of irreverent novBlty and investigation, the spirit by which it is pervaded. With regard to PREFACE. «rii would not have excluded it from the world • h. 1 f ! d..«., Minute,, ,„ ad„„.. .,„, , ,„ .herefo. t;! X T '7'': evanescent telle of nul "''" *" " conspicuous place, in the ai-ciH lempie ot public sentiment. The diffinnlHo. e .. ■ ■ fro. .he „„„„„ „.i„a ,„„, „, „„,, ba,e^ : p:;:::r :«:: r proved ,o h«ae .„ ,he reception ana no„™,,„en,T« 'e'rat Z oppos.t,on,„ erroneous i,npre,si„„,, „f „|,„.|, rr.^J17 ' '"" - ana ,:e::rr: :: :;'::.!=: :r :: " "r ""- spread of universal knowledge ; any olTerin. ,„ Z . P'°f' "»'« n.l,. ori„«d„„l opinion, L; pro^sfl I, U dX .Z :;'"" ~:arerr=:;:r!;r^^^^^^^^^ re:?nrrx:jr:^°'- Tl.e repu.a,,„, , eveaTf a ° ,""" ' "''"'"'"'^' ■"= """""•• .nd I .h.l, be nbundan,,, «i,« d if rd^ffl !" ?'"! ' """ """""»" - "o otlicr nnr,,„,o ihan to „ . •."^""' "'''«*'" Mhioveinent serve. .".jee.s snrpassi,',, .„ oH,:,: "n ,:::'. ":Vrr°' T""'' °" " ""'"M" -varfare, and ,„ eceupy ,,e dt iLr V °, """■"' ""*' neulralitv ; or even if „„„ . i 7 ''"'"''"' P»»"ion8 of a Christian '*H, tife'se paZ" ,::",: '::;::• i"";'."'"^ -.«:.. «.rae.,ve dress, divine insnirotioM with' „ """". ^'"'''"' ^^' "'timateiy regard XVIII PREFACE. fi It would be a fruitless attempt to interpose, in favor of this effort, any incident foreign to the character of its claims. I am not disposed to weary public attention, with any inconclusive, or trivial test, of the correctness, or utility, of this undertaking; but I may perhaps, be permitted, wit'uout the imputation of enthusiasm, or obtrusion, to allege, as an indication of the feelings with which I have been animated, that sincere prayers for the aid and direction of the Holy Spirit, have habit- ually mingled in its prosecution ; and that conscience, in awful respect to the rapidly approaching day, when all human conduct will be review- ed by that Perfect Being, whose omniscience rives, like an electric flash, the deepest recesses of the soul, at the tribunal of that Blessed Redeemer, whose divine counsels I have earnestly wished, by new and superadded inducements, to recommend to those, who are travelling in the same infinitely momentous pilgrimage ; though, it may greatly re- gret the unworthiness of numerous motives, that involuntarily adhere to all human frailty ; still, complacently surveys the predominant integrity of design, which has incited me to this feeble endeavor, for the extension of the benign effects of his most holy word. Reference to my wife, children, and particular friends ; to my undis- sembled love of the scriptures, and profound solicitude ever to confirm that affection, alas too faintly inspiring my own heart ! had furthev in- ducements failed to operate, would have produced the performance. The instruction and advantage of others, howevtr, have been principally contemplated ; and the volume, while it is reverently committed to the Divine Blessing, is respectfully offered to the ingenuous attention of some of the enlightened, unprejudiced, and devout, of every class of society ; in the indulgence of the delightful anticipation, that not only a cursory perusal, but even a critical exaniinafion, will, in their estima- tion, have justified its appearance ; and that they will be disposed to regard it, at least, as a labor of love, in the cause of our common Christianity. THE TRANSLATOR. REFERENCES, Be.i'""'' ' ' ^""""" ' ^'''"''' ""'='■ requisitions, 45. I«>puri y ; dSl peHur J " T''''''"'' '""^ '"^^ ' ''' «?'"'-' 46. Ostentatious beL Jnce ; hVpo'criir 1'^/''"''^ ' ''"T^' ' '"^^ ^° ^"«""-^' fasUng; celestial and terrestri'al Tasures' 47 InS" ' , ^^"'""^ of injuries inconsiderate judgment; profanation hiHln . f ^ '^'''''^'' '° ''^°"J''' ■^^'^irs ; tiveduty; difficis of L SnC 48 A . '7"' g-at principle of rela- tor; religious profession, alone, ravdLn; the^ " '"' of Christian charac- on the sand ; Christ hea s a leperand Le e-? "" '""'"^ " "" "'=''' ""'^ *'>'^*' reject the gospel, 49. Peter's wT^llltherhl'T ' "'T ' ''°"'^'''°" "^^^ose who one requests to bury his father 7 ? '^ ' "^ '""'^^ '■^'^°'^e3 to be a disciple • restores clemoniacsf and tl e ^ndf rj? ?£;' 7 ' "^^ '='""'"-'^« ^ -»-T he person ; calls Matthew ; and eats wiUim I.^ f ''"'""' ^°- "'^ '"^"^'^ '"^ Paralytic Bees are offended, and he vindi teJt'con LTl? T' T^"^"^' "' '''"'''' '^^ P'^- and inquire about fasting; a ruler renuests hi^ 1 IT^'"' °^ •''''^" '^"'"^ to him, the ruler's house, he iJl a diseased woman "' ^'' ''''"^''*'^^ ' °" '"« way to the young woman to life, 51. He heaTs Z iZT"' "' ''^ '"'"'^ '*°'^«'^' '^^ --t"-'^ n.ac; Pleaches, and performs miraclo„ Imle^^^^^^ '"' ^'^'"^''^ "^ '*"'"'' d^"-- rects to supplication that God wo.:/;rvrrem ta " "'"""" "' *'" ^''^P^'^ ' ^'■ d|sc.plos,a„dgivesthem various instrucUoL 52 T 1 " ' '="'""''-'°- ^is twelve dictions, admonitions, and promises 5., ° , / " "'" ''^''""'Panied with pre- to him; Jesus testifie re Jive o Johf" . "' '^'^'"''' '" '"^'''^'^t; John sends disciples cities, 54. He concurs with the Se'r T"" T ''^' ' -"'^--ation of ce £ declares that by it God is know^; Ses'he Ttt '" ^'f '''"^"'^" revelation, and passes through the grain on the sabbatr h '^"'^'^T'^ *« con»e to him for relief- vindicates tlu-m ; heals the Tna^ ^Uh 'th' T f"'^' «ith his disciples, but he' destruction; heals the people Lacenlr T'"'* '*'""'= '^'^ P'-"«ee« seek iZ demonia,.. ,„„..u__ > ,7 P ! '^"'* accomplishes certain prnphcn;,.; r- „ y'^" "'» the Holy Spirit; good and bad ul^Jtl CZ^'I- '" "^'"'^^ «*' '^•'^-''t-" ^-m conduct; the sign of Jonah- th, Nin •? ^. '""'' ^"'"^ '"«' •'ad men by their Jews, 5(i. The impure " 1*1 c w" ?' ''"""" °'' *'" ^""''' W'" condemn tL the people from a vessel ;T; hie o ^e "sit- 1 a'""'"", ■^•'■"'' """ = "« -"" ^^^ e 01 Mie sower , he ass.gns his reasons for this mode XXIV SUBDIVISIONS. m i it? Of instruction, 57. He explains the comparison ; parable of the wheat and the darnel • of the grain of niustard-secd ; of the leaven; prophecy fulfilled- i,e ill.,!! . *l parable of the wheat and the darnel, 58. ,.ril If Z tn eal^d roll of tt pearl-merchant ; of the drag-net ; his application of the whole ; he tea hes in his ow^ country, and h.s neighbors are offended; his remarks on thi ; he pe. form" no m7a cles among them on account of their incredulity ; Herod, informed res.e tinrcS' supposes lum to be John the Baptist; particular notice of Ihe decapitaS o7fohn 59' F,ve thousand men miraculously fed ; the disciples enter a ves,el,'and Je sus retires to tney reach the land of Gennesaret, and he heals many diseased persor s CO The ttm"IT"","T ''!r'P'" °'^^*'"^ ^'"' unwashed^ hands; our ITd repliel to them , teaches what renders men impure ; heals the daughter of a woman of Saan louslv S V '"';" °" "^ ?"""'''" "*■ «■''•'«•'' «' • ^°- thousanilen nZcu-' eaut nf '. ""^ u" P''"'''' '"^ """"^ ■'* *''« '=°'»«' °f M'^gdala; the phari^ees require of h.m a s.gn ; he severely reproves them ; cautions his dLiples to be wa e o the.r doc r.ne ; different sentiments in reference to Christ, C2. Peter' prof sin with our Lords remarks; he predicts his sufferings, and reproves Peter ; rcucrB Telf denial ; adverts to a subsequent retribution ; and promises soon to disilayThe Irv of aTunr""";" r' - "" *™'««^"-''- ^^ Christ, with his obsorvatl.fs, 1' hI^ a lunatic, and makes some remarks on the subject; predicts his own suffering and . 1 rl. ' ^^ ""■^^''^ ""'' ndmonishes them against pernicious examnles parable of the lost sheep ; of a brotl... who trespasses ; promise to sociTp a'" d^ J of forgiveness to an offending brother ; p.rable of the king, who remits the ^eb 'of 01 e of the public servants whom he called to account, (i5. Of the unmer fu serva"u and the punishment inflicted o„ him ; Jesus leaves G.-ilee and enters t he coufi, L rf Judea; multitudes follow, and he heals their sick; remark, concern „ritr.nd t r„„l hfi., CO. lie salvation of a rich man difficult ; of those who i...ve aband .ned a 1 in the cause of C .n.t ; of the master of a family who hired laborers in.o ^ .i^e yard 07. Jesus pred.ct.s h.s sufferings and death; the mother of Zebedees rliildren sol le.ts prefermentH for her sons, and he replies to her; he enjoins huinih.y "ml^^^^^^ H.gl. totwo b.nd m..„, 08. His entrance into Jerusalem ; l/e expel .^d'es in the tcMuple; heals the blind and lame; confounds the offen.led' eliie pri anS Parable of tlunmn, and his two sons who were directed to labor; parable of the lemed of the marnnge of a king's son, 70. Christ is questioned concerning the p„;.„ Int of taxes, and resfH-cting the future existence, 71. Inquiry relative to the grea con n nS mont and to the inenge of Chris, ; ohnracter of the scribes „,ul pharists d i^ d drections how tar to regard then. ; liumil.ty enjoined ; he reproves the serif es and' others ami their destruction pred.c„..| ; Christ's lamentation over Jerusnle, ,, 7A He predicts the destruction of the frnple ; enumerates the various indications of this de- .truction ; predicts the hostile investment of the city, (he publie ealamities and the entire overt row of the Jewish poli.y ; blended with cautions' against the se, m" n '^f false pr.phe,s, 74. The whole illaslrnU.d by the parable of a Hg-tree ; the -vent eer- tan. the !,.ne. ..certain . the insensibility of the people; neeessi.y of vigilance and fidelity, rxh.b.ted ,n the parabie of ,he two servan.n ; parable of the ten virgins 75 '«r«b e of the talents, 7C. R..,ribu,ion ,0 the righteous „,.d the wi.-ke.. ; Cl.Hst pre: du ts l.,H arrest a„.l crucifixion ; the chief priests and others conspire to destrov hinf: a ^.n.rin aiu„„t. nis nrr.a 7. . J.„i«s engages to betray him ; our Baviour partakes of he passover ; relers to the treachery and death that are soon to befall I ' i„„i,„te, he cucharist ; they commemorate with the psalm, and retire to the .nonnt of (.live. • he again announce, h,s approaching death and rpm.rrection ; Pet,-r asserts his rc«.lu. SUBDIVISIONS. |op"ir: to G:^Wm:„t^f ^5^^^^^^^ -d apostacy , our Lord tudc and surrondors lu,„ ; P^ter rosil c, h r ' "'"'''^^ '^PP^^^^'^hcH with a multi- d.sc.ples desert hi.n, and ho is conducted ^o cl ,'"" p" ^''"' '^' ^--l^^tude ; the pnests and others seek false witnesses alns^T ' , ''''"^ '""°^"^' ' '^^ ^lie chief Clares hin^elf to he the Messiah rteyfc J W.^". ' ""' ''"^^'^ '"'»'-'- de- hnn; Peter's renunciation and re .entice Je.u ?^ ^"''"°"^ language, and abuse repentance of Judas, «(,. Proceedings bfo're pit"- r"" •'"' '''''''""' "^ ^'''^"^ ' uyunous conduct of the soldiers towards Z « A " scourged; in.olent and 82 Subsequent events ; the rcsurrectLi ^f Chrisf^rlrT^ °' """ ""'=*'''^'-' >t , lus appearance, com.nission, and instructionrirhis ItijlLVS""'""^ ''^'^"'^'"^ MARKS HISTORY. -pel. adon.on,SJ. Heals Pete;-s „oH r h 1 i T''''" ' Reaches in Capernaum; «-isto the desert, and is ibllowed ^i ho lbs ""T '''•''"'''' '"~ ^ «-' 0.-tldee,and expels demons; purifies a 1 1' ' ,' ' "'' '" ^"^'""^ P'-^^''^ of perHon healeci, and his sins ft .i • r.' T J r"""; "' '" .^"P-"-" ^ a paralytic calls Levi, associates with tax-gal Jeranln '"^ -'""i^'-od and i„«proved ; he 0"r Saviour heals the n.an wtth t ^ v r ' T.;:; ." , ''^';"^' ""'' ^""-^ «'''"^'^*'> ^.i. «truc .„„, ho ,,,,,, ,t,. ,.^.^,^ commssTonV ' ''',': P'.'"'=^'"-'« conspire his de- buted to evil inlluence, 87. D.LZ7ZV7:oWs''TT-' '" ""^'''=^- ''""- "m ; ,.arable of the sower, 88. U.se „f in traction ^ .'',"■" ' '"" "''"*'^'=« «'"»'•
i«P"'<' -C i.is dis ";-i^i".i ofliees and injurie:";:. '.b ri,::.:; ;:;:r""" "--- •" ^'"^i^f. t .r; union among ChriHlians ; 1... pro.ve.is t b ■ '• ""^'""'"•y "^ «"lf-deni«l, ,uu| „ • »""- to teach ; ,be pbarisee h u ^ 7''7 "' •''"'- •"" "'- •'"r.lan, „ . ',: -.-y ; young ehil.h.,,. are bro^S.* ,::'':;:;:;;; -'^^ ''•"" f .-ipl.-^ renew tli:, ; :'"";"'■'- «•' "t^T"..l life ; those .b-voted t, we I . |, V,''^"''^" '''"' '-•-'^""ff the '"" = '- Pronnse to his followers, !.,. , ,i ' .".'"^ """''" "P»" "'" ''Pintual ^'■^"^^"'•t'-' I .'» s a.ulJob,, r.„ues, .1 , . ■" "' '"" '■"■^■''.f"..u.nt, dea h, „„,, Saviour inoulea,es "Mnnili.y, „:,t:^.;!r Stl u'l''*^''^ '" '"^ ^i"^''- ->' •'•r-..l.-n.i the sterile %.,rce ; J„. purier.t ,"""'' ""'• ^"''^'"t ""ter. bjr-tree; of pr„,,.r and .i.rgiveness M "j "''',"- ^^'"'"''i-.s on the withered P«rableof,hevi„eyardb.aH,.|,.,i, ,' us. '.' """^ .l....slioned, and his reply jp, 1"^. Fnrefi.ren..e ,.. the ^ ^ '^ mir'"7 "^'"''''"''^ ''''' P''^''-'t'r -. m. He inculcate, tho necli ;tf tiJiL^;:";:'? '^''•' ^''^;"'-' --"-tn.;: 4 ^ vnr.lnnte and pmyrr ; tho Jew. con.pir. XXTl SUBDIVISIONS. against him; he in anointed, 105. Judas betrays him; the passover; Jesus predicts his approaching death; institutes the cucharist; predicts the desertion of his disciples and the denial of Peter, 106. His agony in the garden ; the disciples overpowered by Bleep; Judas surrenders him; he is arrested, and the disciples fly; a young man makes his escape ; Jesus is brought before the chief priests, and Peter follows at a distance ; our Lord is examined, 107. He is insulted, and abused, and condemned on false testimony ; Peter's denial and repentance ; Jesus is arraigned before Pilate 108 He is surrendered, and crucified with two robbers, under various indignities ; thL mi- raculous darkness, and our Lord's death ; the rending of the veil of the temple, and the centurion's confession ; several women attend, and witness his death, 109. Joseph of Arimathea solicits tlie body from Pilate, and buries it ; some of the women note the place of his burial ; the three Marys proceed to the sepulchre to embalm the body ; an angel announces to them his resurrection ; Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene, and the two disciples ; also to the eleven, and commissions them to proclaim the gospel to all mankind, 110. Promises to enduo horn with power to perform miracles ; his ascen- sion to heaven; his disciples proceed to preach, and to perform miracles, 111. 11 LUKE'S HISTORY. Preface ; prediction of the birth of John the Baptis<, with the incredulity of Zecha- riah, 112. Annunciation of the birth of Christ ; Mary visits Elizabeth ; Mary's hymn of exultation and praise, 113. Birth of John ; his fath.-r's prophetic anthem ; John is reared in the desert; the decree of Augustus to enrol the Roman empire, 114. Joseph and Mary go to Bethlehem to be registered ; Christ is born ; his i)irth is announced to the shepherds, who repair to Bethlehem; the circumcision of Christ; his parents pre- sent him in the temple ; Simeon receives him ; his ejaculation, 115. Notice of Anna ; the family return to Nazareth ; go to Jerusalem at the pat-sover, and leave him ; they return and find him in the temple, discussing with the teachers of the law ; liis mother reproves him ; his defence ; they all return to Nazareth, IIG. Commencement of the preaching of John the Baptist ; the predictions accomplished in him ; the subjects and success of his preaching ; his testimony concerning Christ ; Herod's reason for im- prisoning John; baptism of Christ, 117. His lineage ; his temptation; he teaches in Galilee, 118. His instruction at Nazareth, and in Capernaum ; expels a demon ; heals Peter's mother-in-law, and other sick persons, 11!). He depnrls to the desert, and preaches in Galilee ; the miraculous draught of fishes ; Christ heals a leper ; his celebrity published; he cures the diseased, and instructs, 120. Heals a paralytic; calls Levi, and attends a feast nt his house; the in-juiry about fasting; parable of the new cloth and old garment; of the new wine and old bottles; the disciples gather and eat the ears of grain on tiie sal.bnth, 121 . Our Lord heals the withered hand ; goes to a moun- tain to prny, and calls twelve disciples; multitudes are iiiHlnicted and healed; he an- nounces blessings and culamiti<-s; imparts various instrueticms, 122. Parable of the blind; of the splinter in a brother's eye; the iroo.l and bad tree ; the good and evil treasure ; parable of the two houses, I2:i. Our Saviour heals the centurion's wrvant ; raises the widow s son ; John the Baptist liears of his fame, and sends to him two of his disciples; Christ's clmrneter of John, 12-1. The obduracy of the .lews ; a pharisee invites him to his house ; a woman anoints his luafl and washes his firt ; the pharisee offended, nnd reproved by a parable ; tile woman vindicatea, and her sins forgivrn, 12.'). JesMS ext.-nsively preaches ; women who lind lieen healed attend upon him ; parable of the sower ; directions to improve by hearing the go8|K'l ; his relatives seek him, lati. Storm on the lake ; he and his disciples arrive among the (iadurenes ; he restores a demoniac, nnd a diseased woman, 127. HeaniniiitiN the daughter of Jnirus ; com- missions hi.i apostles ; Herod is peri.lcxed eonrerning .lesus ; varLius suppositiomi relative to him , the apostles return ; he retires, and the people follow, !2H. Miracu- lously fee'« precede him; calamities pronounced I n.;^^ I^T'" '"^""'^ '^'^'^'P'^^ *» return; to whom the gospe, is revea^d isf T" "J ^T"*^"™ = "- --"ty law inquires relative to eternal life the benefi.enT^f'' pr.v.leges ; a teacher of the Of prayer; he expels a dumb deLn l^f ;? kT *'" ' ^l-*^""^ "nd Mary, 132. state of the Jews f the truly hap^ 133 " ''^""'^'f '° ^-' influence; wretched invites him to dine; ho reproves the nSi ''7''''"f '° '^'' P'^'P'^' "^ Ph^'^ee are greatly offended and sir' ve " onln2\- ""5 "'"" "^ ''" ''^"' ^^^ S°""« against hypocrisy and tin^dUv in " ,'f "«'? '" ^°"^' ' P^^'^*''"'^ »" »>'« disciples ishes them against ren;uncin^him " " ° . " '" °'""'' Providence; adm'on- warns the people againsrc^lis TsT^^PathTe'':? trri:"""" "l T ^"^"" ' lus granaries ; cautions against undue anxietvnf. i """* '"''" demolished Saviour explains the preceding di™ T3/ ' tL ff ^'" r'f """^ '" '"''^"' ' ""^ tions of the times, and the nt^cessi v nf' . f^' "^'^"^ ^"'i'''^ ' ^'"^ '"^i^a- enjoins reformatio;; parlL^^Tr^f. 7^1^; 'n^^^H "r'", ^^^""''''^ ^"^^^^ afflicted; the director of the svna°ng parableof themusurdseo" ofT'leave; 7" 'r' " "P^''^^"' ^^ "^ ^-^^^^ that Herod purposes to kill him • telts hi! '"' """''^ '"'"'^' '='*^- "'^ '« '"''"""ed that city ; Christ heals a ma . I'o'f tlu d ' ', "' "'""*"''""' »"'' Judgn.ents upon a parable : the poor to be ll!; and IJu. Ti^- "it,; oni"' ' ^"r'"'^"'^ ""'""''^ ^^ men mu.st become disciples of Christ ,,arle Tn T ^-T' '"PP"^ "°* «iderale king; use of these illustrrons- 7. r. '^ '7'''""' '''"''^"' ""*' ""^ ^o"" approach to hear our Lord at wl" .'i, V''"'**^ "'^ ''"'^ ^ tax-collectors and pagans reception of them by the lab,, o'l h I'^T'^T f "''"'^ ' "^" vi"'■ portunate widow, M.,. the ,. i "',.„ T "'""" """■'^ ^ Pnrable of the im- tho rulers in.p.i y respeci " ■ e r ' f '"' '"."'""■ ' ""'""'^ ''^°"'f'" '" *•''"«* ; those who fou'ow him ;' h 2.. i L " 'r" .''" '" ." """■"""" ' '*"" ^^"i'"^' '^^ restores a blind „,„„ o .l^M Zi ^yZ''"' '"""',';'"' "-'"-»'""- '^5. He nndhistenservanLs, l.,(l Ch is , r I '""" ' ''"'"'''" "'""'" '"ya' «f.-Hcendant itH destruction ; enters ,he te. le ami ex" 7,"^ V T"'" """ ""' '•">' """ P^-'"*" -ril.es desire to destroy hin"' .; " Xd •;:."""'•"■. ''•"■<"■■■•• Priests and nuthori.y of Christ, „„,| the l,.',..;.,,. of M ,a 1 ;' i." ' """"^^,— -"'^ 'ho bnndmen, nnd its Mpplieaii,,,, ; I,., .hief . l', P" , '' ' "'e vmeyard rented u> Um- t" ensnare hin>. I il The ,„ ,.1 , ' "^ "'''"''"■" "'' "«"-"<'-l. ""d a.len.pt n.rist; he war!, his Jii^ir^::.;i";;.h :''""' ''''" J'^'' ""• """ •"" '""■■•^'- '"••"t he adverts ; the poor .hj , ■'""'?•' "' "'" '"•^''""'' "' «''"""■ P-nish- N!». The sign, of th d sll , „ ";.'" ' '■"'""""" "•• "- "•'"Ple predated, «hiy in the ten.ple, and ..tires a ni.h , " "' ""-'^ "'"' "'«""'"■•'= '- •'■'"•''-" 'J conspired; juL\.,,,;;:;;::.'«^^^^^^^^^^^^ the eueharist , announe'es the treaeherv . f „ , r'.'!''""'' T-"' '"" '**'""'P''"' """'•"f" "h"..I.l be the greatest ; he adnu, i 7 Vtr .;.,';"' ^ '''": '"""■"""" «•''"'• advises his disciple, to provide for tier 1.. ' "'"V. "'»"'"'""" • his denial predieled ; «u.y in.ui.od; ....e.tionod ^^>r. .U.^^;,:;^: ^--;::i;;;^^^ \M XXTIII SUBDIVISIONS. demned 153. History of liis arraignment and examination before Pilate and Herod • h,s condemnation and surrender to the Jeu.s, ,54. Incident, of his cru'fixio,! and tion n'n^r "'"""''< ' ''""'"'^"°" '''' ^"'' '""''"•"'"^' '"'■ "^^-^ of itZrrTc tion, and appearance to various persons, 157. His promise of tho Holy Spirit- his ascension ; return of the disciples to Jerusalem. ^ ^ ' JOHN'S HISTORY. Rkmarks relative to the Word; the mission of John and his testimony; his re- soeinVrT "I'l-'ry respecting his mission and his l.npti^m, 158. His tosliniony on rddrel?T ' "^'^'"''^''^''""t" two of his disciple., who follow Je.us; Christ's ad re o them; An.lrew invites IVter ; Christ's address to I'eter; Jesus calls Philip, w 1 t a,''.l!'" r ,^;f ^--^^Christ's character of Nathaniel; and his conversation with tha disciple 159. Our Lord's miracle at Cana; he visits Capernaum ; purifies the temple; the Jews require a miracle as a proof of his authority ; he refers to his own .l..ath and resurrection; many confide in him, but he would not trust himself to them; his conversation with Nieodemus, .100. The love of God, the source of hu- man salvation ; who are eondemned, and who are approved; Jesus and his diseiph-s baptize in Judea; John baptizes; dispute about purification ; discourse between John and hisdiscipes, (.1. The pharisees are otfended ; Jesus leaves Judea and passes into Galilee ; l„s discourse with the woman of Samaria, Ki'i. And also with his reply of Peter; Christ exposes ct W ^ "^ r "'"";"""^"' ^'■■^'i'""; of his departure to the feast of taberna- c s, lOH He teaches in the temple, and confounds the.Fe«.s; their ho.slility ; many eople be .eve • the phar..sees murmur, and our Lord reasons with them ; his^.LservZ liinv of t r ' "' '''^" '■"""'•' '•"'• "•^'^'"" "' •'""''- -"""-t <-..neen il sons with hem, Jesus declares himself Ihe light of the world; the pharisees cavil • own d.ath 1,0 M„ny b.-l.evo in him ; his advice to then,; the Jews plead the ad- vantages o. , heir birth; our Saviour e..hibits the vanity of their pre en. ,, . was born bl.nd , Chr.s heals I..... ; ,!.,. uuu is .p.eslioned by his neighbors and by tho r sees ; .n,uiry is also made of his parents, 17... The pha.-isees 'gain i..,errL the man, who, v.nd.eat.ng the conduct of Christ, is expelle.l by then. I'ro... the sMia- gngue ; apprized o, their conduct, Jesus subse.p.c.ly funis ,he ma, r v is li ,1 ^ Itoh..,.. and condenins.he perver.seiiessof,be pl.arisee..; pan.lde of the sh " - old, l,.l. cimst announces buuself the door, and the good Hiepherd ; bo,„o revile but others v.nd.ca.e him : his ,e,.,arks in the tc.ple at .he festiva of de ,")!.., 7, Jews atle.npt to stone hi,,, for his preUnisions ; his vindication a, pp, .1 ' pi v »tnve to apprehend him, he e.sca and retires towards the Jorda. , , anv e..a ,o i.nn and believe ; account of the sieki.es. «nd .lealh of 1 a/ani. l' ' f""rf' -'-'-« ' '-" .-..'dead: n.r,hi;u.;:'c!:- :, ^./jZi::::*:;; ... destruction ; prophecy of Caiapl.as, :,„d the co.,se.puM,tVoeeeii , J. ,' ' 176. Jcu. rourc. to tho city of Ephraim ; ihoy conspire to'arrest h.m ul c .a s-' SUBDIVISIONS, \x.ix to destroy Lazaru/ c'Lt oZr ^ ^"7' '^"'' ••«P>-"v- J^d- ; a consultation are alarmed. 77 G Z ZZfo'rT \ "" '""'','^' '"'^'^' '"'"' ""'' ^'^ ?"""-- exaltation, and is aS:cr:d ^a ice'r^o^ 1^^^^^ ^'"--f "^ "'« -^P'-aching explains, and predicts his Hmtl, • n , "°'" '"'''^f " ' t''" P^op'e are astonished; he self the liffht of tlio world nnd «lm,.,„ ♦!.„ i ' "'iiago nim, I7a. Proclaims him- ;j ti. ^ef or his disS::::; ^^: tSt^^iSL": T;r ^^t rt- the treachery of Judas, who leaves the company f Jesus refer"; .is annro ^ , parturo and triumph, and comnmnds his disciples to love o. M T "^ '•'" strong atfachu,ent to him, an.l is informed nf 1 ^" 7' ™'=.'' "t''"! I^^ter professes by the consideration that ,,^1 I .'."". ,, '"' ' ^''"'' "°'"*'"'^'' '»« 'l'«'^''P'''« er-s house; proclaims SZlrl'rZ^U:^^^^^'!/'' """" ^;' ''" '^^"- intimate connexion with the Fn.hnr „,. f ^i , ' "" ''"""■''" *''"" "^ ''is obtained; promises Tm Z\^'^,:'':^::^Xu:'''''V'r''''-^'''' "^ inculcates love; that he is to he r/ve. ,1 ' T , ' "'"" *° '•■''*^" ''«""' ""'' bo fully instructed .^l^ I Is ' il ';"' "f "-^^ ^""^ ' ""'' "'••■* -'^" "« to them against discour^eme 'ii'^S;;!; ^l ^lir^rdSri!:;'"!;' """ '^'^^'«? his followers, represented bv th,. fi,r,„ c • ",".'"= '" '""> •"'• iliH 'inion with mutual love ca L them hi/f J: " 1 °' 'V'!';" ""* "« '^^--'- ' ''" -^'-rts them to the opposition they n^^:^::l:r'"u::^n7'-y T--.i--l"ve; predicts promised, ]8a. Jle ref.Ts alin t .'r °*^ '■'"J':^''"^ '"'"•- «''" Spirit of Truth Monitor ;' speaks figuratively'o 1 S and";' ''"'T "^ f'"'"'' '"' '"-"""-^ '''« parable, 183. Of prayer in 1^1 „;„ LI "';""''^''""' ^^■''''•'' ''- i'l-'rates by a 'Hots their persecution, a, X^^ U.^ t"!!;? '^""T""""" '""' ^ """^"i" Pre- tbo Father with respect' to hilelf , d i s 'Ih ""'I'rT-' ''T'' ^^"^" *" who should believe on hinnifes,ed ; the "ve in a state of great harmo .^ C/, , n II nifr.'":" "" f""'" "' ■•"" ■' ""■' ?.'"' '-"•' ""'" wi Id been'i;une;:i,iit,r ;;;'•'''•''■ r^ "■""'^-' I'et.T allributes the miraeh- to il... • . ' '" "" '"''Ir-'^'^ <-> Hie people .w,.. ,.. ..f.„„..j;;::;;: •;■;■.;;;:;: ;i:,x:,'::r.''z.!:;i":: •. -^ "^■■ XXX SUBDIVISIONS. commanded not to preach in that name, but refuse to obey, and are menaced and dis- missed ; they return to their associates, who all unite in prayer and praise to God, who answers and fills them with tho Holy Spirit ; the happy state of the primitive disci- ples, 197. Joses sells his estate und contributes the money to the common stock ; the case of Ananias and Sapphira ; oany miracles are performed, and the church is in- creased ; the apostles are imprisoned, but being delivered by an angel of God, they go and preach in the temple, 1!)8. They are arraigned ; proceedings before the sanhe- drin ; they are beaten, again commanded not to teach in tlie name of Jesus, and dis- charged ; they depart, rejoicing in their persecutions, and continue to proclaim Jesus Christ ; complaint of the Hellenistic Jews against the Hebrews, 199. The apostles appoint seven subordinate officers; the progress of the word of God; Stephen, one of those officers, is brought before the sanhedrin, 200. His defence, 201. He is stoned, and expires praying for his murderers, 202. General persecution ; Stephen's burial ; Saul's persecution ; Philip preaches in Samaria ; and Peter and John confer the Holy Spirit; Simon the magician, reproved by Peter, implores an interest in his prayers, 203. Peter and John, having preached in Samaria, return to Jerusalem ; of Philip and the Ethiopian ; Philip goes to Azotus and Cesarea ; Saul's persecution of the Christians ; his vision and renovation, 204. He proclaims Christ ; of attempts to de- stroy Saul ; the clmrches relieved from persecution, 205. Peter heals Eneas ; sickness and death of Tabitha, and her restoration to life by the instrumentality of Peter ; Cor- nelius sends for Peter ; in a vision Peter is instructed how he should treat the Gen- tiles, 200. The messengers arrive, and he accompanies them to Cesarea ; his conver- sation with Cornelius, 207. Peter proclaims Jesus as the Saviour and Judge of the world ; the descent of the Holy Spirit ; Peter returns to Jerusalem ; is accused of hav- ing associated with the Gentiles ; his defence, and its reception, 208. Proceedings of those who were dispersed by the persecution in reference to Stephen ; mission of Barnabas ; a predicted famine ; the disciples send relief to the poor brethren ; Herod persecutes the Cliristians ; destroys James, and imprisons Peter, 209. His liberation ; the soldiers condemned to death ; Herod incensed with the people of Tyre ; his death ; the word of God advances ; Barnabas and Saul return from Jerusalem ; of teachers in the church at Antioch, 210. Particular appointment and mission of Paul and Bar- nabas ; they preach at various places in the Jewish synagogue ; of Elymas the magi- cian ; the apostles proclaim the gospel at Antioch, 211. They arc persecuted ; they announce salvation to the Gentiles, 212. The latter rejoice and receive the truth, but the Jews persecute and expel them ; they joyfully proceed to Iconium ; they success- fully preach, but being persecuted, fly to Lystra; they preach, and heal a cripple; Paul is stoned, 213. The apostles having visited many churches return to Antioch ; they arc sent to consult the church at Jerusalem with respect to the circumcision of the Gentiles; that consultation, 214. Its result, their return to Antioch, and recep- tion ; the preaching of Judas and Silas, and of others, 215. Disagreement of Paul and Barnabas ; Paul chose Silas and departed ; the apostles visit various churches ; Paul proceeds to Derbe and Lystra, and meets Timothy ; they deliver the apostolic injunc- tions to the churches ; they extensively travel ; Paul's vision relative to Macedonia ; he reaches Philippi ; of Lydia, a vender of purple ; a young woman, with a spirit of divination, 21(). She is dispossessed by Paul; he and Silas are brougiit before the magistrates, beaten, and imprisoned ; they are miraculously liberated from their chains ; the goaler and his family arc baptized ; the apostles are dismissed ; Paul pleads his privilege as a Roman citizen ; they are solicited to depart from the city, 217. They proceed to Thessalonica, where they preach ; riotous proceedings ; they are sent away to Berea; a jM-rsecution is pxcit 'd ; Paul is conducted to Athens, 218. Ho ex- plnins his doctrine, and gives a general view of theological principles ; he proceeds to Corinth ; his residence with Aquila ; his instruction, and the opposition he encounters, 219, His vision, and continuance there ; ho is brotight before Gallio ; outrages of the Jews ; Paul sailn to Syria, to Ephesus, and to Cesarea ; of ApoUos, and his preaching, '£X\ Paul preaches at Ephesus, sr.d ps-rforms many miracles ; of the vagrant e.xorcist SUBDIVISIONS. „3ji fntrbSL.'^"!?"''"T Pr^''''"^' "' ^P'^^^"^' ^' '^«'«« to Macedonia; passes S t H ' r T^"" ^'°"'' ^- "" ''^"^ V'^'^^''' '^nd '-stores Eut^hus to he 'r^JZT fZ T'"5 *''''"^'' ^"'""^ ^"^'''' -"-« ^t Miletus ; he sLds foj the presbyters of the church, 223. His discourse to them, and departure with a view places come to Cesarea; las persecution at Jerusalem is predicted, and an attempt is 224 He .s kindly received by James and the presbyters; h.s purification in the tern p^, an insurrection excited against him by some of the Asiatic Jews; the tribune Tm T^j" '^ '""1-^"' """"'r' "" ^^'^ •"«"''' ^- P-' addre;sesth peo- ple, 22c. The Jews are indignant, and demand his life ; the tribune orders him to be torZe" h "^"""^'"^.^ w P'^'^'^ '"^ P"^"^'^^ "^ -^ ^-"- "ti-n, and eslpelthe "'Z' V" '""^"''^ ''"'°"'" "'" sanhedrin; proceedings before them; Pau^ re! marks awaken a controversy between the pharisees and sadducecs, 227. A great ds sension arises, and the tribune, apprehensive for the safety of Pau , orders tEle be mght under a strong military escort to Felix in Cesarea, 228. Paul is arraigned bTfore Fehx ; the accusation of Tertullus ; Paul's defence, 229. Felix postpones the final determination of the case ; directs Paul to be treated'with humanity> great y affected ..n listening to his remarks, but retains him in prison ; the apostle s'^lriafbefe " 231 T^, T' , ^.T '' ^'''"' P'"^*'"*^ '" ^^"PP'' -^ ^^te-^nt of Paul's cZ fi . ^ * r f 1 ''^^'''' '" ^^"PP''' ^^^- Tlie confession of Agrippa • pl7s tZ V >\ ?rr' •'^''^^ "P' "'"' ^^ '^ P--"nced innocent; it being Setermlned that Paul should be sent to Rome, he is delivered to Julius, a centurion ; they elZk ^ sol^ounTfotarS^ ^'""^"^ they are transferred to an AlexfndS; ves s^bound to Italy, 233. They encounter storms, and are wrecked on the island of Malta fnif*; I ,r^'^, passengers and crew are saved ; they are received with great hosni-' tah ty by the Maltese ; a viper seizes Paul's hand ; he receives no injury ; Se nhabi ants denominate h,m a God ; kindness and politeness of Publius, the governor oflj sland; Paul miraculously heals the sick father of Publius, and sevefalo hers a£ ZrlTSV^'^^''? "r an Alexandrian ship; particulars of thdr parage atd dcnce %3G ' "' ' '"'^'^P*'"" "' ^°'"^' «"''«*^1"'^"' employment, and resi- PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. the divine mercy in the extent of this nlnn yai '^^'"Pea. ««"• Ihe impartiality of ti]n» 'M9 Ti. '";^"<'n'oyi»8 plan, 241. As alike embracing Jews and Gen- tiles, 242. The preceding remarks relative to the Mosaic law are not to I,p ,.n7 V i «o as to sanction the inference, that Christians are jn-rmit ted io niuW tho^ r ° unrestrained licentiousness, m. Though, exonerlted „ tit aw y ^^ Z ''I furnishes motives of the most powerful kind, to the cultivatio.^ orpie'ty ^ ^ not intended to' impart these n^.fi 24' V irniT"'"^""''^''''"'' '"''"''' '' "" of its motives to believers nnd i?, Chr.stmn.ty, i„ the consecrated character tains nmci? norrilZu s".ed and m •'"^""'"S'"*^ ''"'^ consolatory influence, con- pra.ti^eofviX I! "*^T1. ''"''•''»"='^'='°"«"">ans to animate and fortifv in .h» p. -U.e of virtue , all „x which arc ..lered to the Christian, to aid liis advaacementin -TXXll SUBDIVISIONS. ■■»... !!i2r oar''' tT''' ""T^ th° vanous and distressing ovUh, by which human life is assailed, ^40. The apostle, in tins discussion, vindicates divine Providence in the nrP- jent rejection of the Jewish nat^ion from a covenant state, and in the invitation of The Gentiles; and also illustrates the character of the gospel, as embracing mankind in L"'cSrir .1 V '.r'T'"'' f ''' P'-°""r''^'"' "" ''''''''' "'" g^'^'^^ -^ff-tion which he cherished for the Jewish nation; the extreme sorrow he experi.mced in conse- quence of t u-ir inll^Iicity, arising from disbelief and vain confidence ; his earnest wish to poniote their salvation ; and the certain and undoubted hope, wJiich he entertained of their future accession to the faith of Christ, 248. He clierisi.es the same expecta-' tion in reierence to the Gentiles ; and applies to them the preceding discussions, 249 to' theT.t" > '" "^"Tl '"" '°"'^^'^"'=' ' ■'"'' °^''' ^" '^P"«'^"P'- »f admiration to the divine wisdom and benignity, 25,,. He inculcates general. Christian piety aes Wn i' ?"':f t''«'"J""-°f--''-s; he requires obedience to magil- ramon'ri 7" ? ""?' 'f """'^ "^ '»->"-s, 251. He urges mutual alec makmg external rites and observances subjects of division and contention, 2r>2 As- cription of praise to God ; the apostle inculcates patience and forbearance t;w rds Uie infi mi les of each other ; various exhortations to charity and kindness ; his inSocat on i ^r S""T^r"" """ n'"' '""""•'^" ^' ''"'"'' ^^''"' ^"'' -P---" onus regard Ir ti.em, oX The success of h.s ministry ; his intention to visit them ; his desire for an interes in their prayers, 254. He closes the Letter with various cir umstan es Velat reL.dicZ:L"''' --"-''S--''^-isions, accompanied with salutj^on::/:! a !i' PAUL'S FIRST LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. pefity' o™Co'rh'!tm"''';"''T °?'" "''f' '' ''" ^'^•"'"^^'°" of gratitude for the pros- it r„,i ^7'"f ^.";''";«1' ; '>« reprehends their dissensions ; means of salvation ^Ton „^n *^";"'^^''^'f' the character and result of the apostle's preaching ; reveb .mpeilect state of the cliurch at Connth, 257, The dispensers of the gospel are onl^ a"! / ,r"r"''-' """■"*' ''^ ^"""'^•^''-' Ciiristians tlie temple of 5od e„i2J agam t self-deception; tiie true Christian profits by ill thin.rs oflice and dii v of ministers; human judgment subordinate ; admonition a.^ainst offence 25^ a. Lf proceeds rom God ; trials . .■ the apostles ; Paul sends to th:! Timothy! id ,tro Ze ' to come himself; the spiritual dominion of God; of certain evils at CoriitT the wtn transgressors, 2o ». Ho rej.roves the litigious disposition of tlic Corinthians • miquitous persons excluded from the kingdom of God ; of tilings lawful In. no ex' podient ; Christ s resurrection a pledge of ours ; Christians are inembers of C irtt ami enip les of he Holy Spirit ; powerful dissuasives from sin, 200. Re.narks in r .r^ ' involve, of foo. offered to Idols; false and true worship ; a man should not act in ,ri o .sly, even in things otherwise indifferent, 202. Pauls resolution on .l.rs ui e T of the secular support of those who mi.iister in spiritual things ; the apos.le' dSterUt- edn ss ; h,s accommodation to the prejudices of men,2(i;j.' The way to heaven "ss" hied to a race; the necessity of perseverance ; facts in Jewish hislory ill.rt „ v f Chr.Ht.an ordinances; transgressions of the ancient Jews, and tlieif puni JiU X fl 1 •"^""^'■■r'li""f' wo should strive to act so as to improve each ot er , all things should he done to the praise of (Jod ; the apostle commends the Cor hmbr their r ^.'".""""-"- "'• '"■"' ""^ fe--es them certain' cautions, an.^ , Iml thorn lor tJieir divisions and irregulariUes in conducting public worship. 205. A. d SUBDIVISIONS. present state of the CorttLknt 'f -^'Z °f '''r'""''^^ '"''''P*'^^ the former Vnd administrations, and o^^^atr/th Sr^^oftL'-f "'h'^ ''^^"'"^^ "^ ^^'^• Clirist and the church ™«ento,InnHM m g'"«' -^nd how dispensed, 366. bers of the church, o^pSrarbodvan^t. ""''"'' °' "" ^"'"'^" ''"'^^ ' ^^^^ ™-- desire the best gifi;, beLvolence 'oHovVt^^^^^^^ ^'^""'•^ — tl, things else are unavailing, 207 The delrinr 1 ^^ '■^''^'"" ' ^'"'»"t i' »» ration; notice of the present imoofn.fT.'^r ''"'' '"''"''" "^ ''»''' g''^''«' -^"d its du- is the best; the desireT/ sj S^t . o7s„i^^^^^^ of all the Christian graces love supernatural gifts of languages so that th.^L'^ '"Btruct.on ; the regulation of the in the church ; all shoufd be Im be and ever" Z' ] 'T.T'' "^^ ^^ '^-''-^ the apostle preached to the CorinSns^r A "r' f?''' ^' '^""'^ '" '°^^ ' ''"^ the dead, 870. The manner in wl 1.?!;.!; t'^T"'^ '« P^°ve the resurrection of ing events that will Tcur at t^lt d^^^^^ T' ""f "'" '"^ P"''°"-'l ' ^he astonish- death and the grave ; improvJ;^: f L' Z:^:Z ^'"'""^^^ *''" ""^^'"^^ "^ horts them to contribute to the relief of Lr. '•°«"'-rection, 271. He ex- pay them a visit ; refers to T ml L al loll "" "^ "' ''^'"^'"'-"" ' P^^'^- to family of Stephanas; sends irSaTlfoT"^ ""^""' ^'^"""'='' ' co'nmends the Of those Who were enemies to 0^;!^ r:!:; ^^^T t^ II^^^ -- PAULS SECOND LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS manner; exhorts them to forgive , Jo offend nVbt" I '"'""^ '" ""^ '» «-»» '^ praises God for his own success diSerfnU.r't rT "' P'""" ' ''^'''' »" ^itas . preach the pure doctrine of God f^^^tc f "r "7*"' ^''' "'^ P^'^''--' ^o comparative excellence of the old a n : : ;: ^^ t . ''''?• "'^^'°" ' *"« preaching the gospel; attributes its unprofitr^-leZTnl,; / '' '"' '"'"^"'^ '" he preached, and how he was qualified fto^ 275 ^lirTV'" ""'^1"'' ''°" ties, hopes and connolations ; and his nrosne.t nf . , ., "'""^^lons an.i difficul- dently desire this glorious de tiltio " a 11 .f » f blessedness ; Christians ar- necessity of prepafation ; cCdeJ fo I'S^r^.f "'"^ . ^"^,'"''".-' "^ Christ ; tion ; the reconciliation to God through 1 ,. ' '" '" ^''^'^t '^ '^ "^w crea- of the apostles; Paul Effect on t cit 'r" or the 7"';,'"''' "1""""^^' ^'''^ -"'^"'=t to be connected with unbelievers export .1 f-o"ntlna„s ; he counsels them not companions, and evil pract L^ • .k!^' /J, tZ 7 " 'T'' P''''""^'' ^"^ --" -" affectionate interest in their prosperity L^o" i ,'■"'='"''" ^' exhortation, 277. His teristics; he rejoices over them • excL bo "V . ^'^'^'""'^t'on ; its true charac- 278. God provides for the w^n t's of „ 'n TU;:"en: V" "^ ""''" °' "•'' P°-' ter; additional renmrks and S1 P«,.i' ."' "-"^ ' v " ..oates Ins own ministry; the "-riint -s ---- -"^•-' 9^-" =e:s:.t;::r:i^ ■: zxxiy SUBDIVISIONS. shall find unreformed transgressors among them ; he again communicates his purpose to visit them ; exhorts them to examine themselves ; prays that they may do no evil • wishes their complete restoration, 283. His reason for writing to them -his farewell' accompanied with injunctions, salutations, and a benediction, 284. ' ' PAUL'S LETTER TO THE GALATIANS. Direction of the letter ; Paul asserts his divine call to the apostleship ; and that he had not received his doctrine from man ; he recurs to his different journeys ; his visit to the apostles at Jerusalem, 285. He mentions another journey to that city, and how he conducted himself; he speaks of his treatment there ; his opposition to Peter at Antioch, and the cause of it; of the plan of divine acceptance, 286. He adverts to the renunciation of the gospel by the Galatians; and again discusses the subject of divine forgiveness, 287. The condition of an heir while in a state of minority • the mission of the Son of God ; the great privileges and comforts of the children of God • the apostle fears that his labor in behalf of the Galatians is in vain ; his trials among them, and their kindness to him ; he shows his affection for them, and exhorts them to return to the gospel, 28S. He exhibits its superiority to the law by an allegory ; the Gentiles are children of the promise ; the apostle exhorts the Galatians to stand firmly in the Christian faith ; shows its superior excellence ; reference to their former sta- bihty, with an admonition ; his confidence in their restoration ; punishment of him who perverts them ; love is the consummation of the law, 289. The works of the flesh ; the fruits of the Spirit; he exhorts them to live in the Spirit; tender affection inculcated towards those who sin through surprise, or violent temptation; of relief- of humility ; character rests on the evidence of works ; support of instructers ; of self-deception, and retribution ; perseverance and beneficence ; his love induced him to write this letter ; he exults in the Christian plan of salvation, and wishes peace to those who act on this plan ; the strong assurance, and benediction of the apostle, 290. y PAUL'S LETTER TO THE EPHESIANS. Introduction to the letter ; the apostle praises God for calling the Gentiles to the privileges of the gospel ; forgiveness of sins through Jesus Christ; God, in his abun- dant goodness, designs to gather Jews and Gentiles into one church ; Paul's prayer for the Ephesians, 291. Their previous character, and accession to Christianity ; the mode of salvation ; their former state miserable, their present state happy; reconcilia- tion through Christ to Jews and Gentiles ; privileges of believers ; the annunciation of the gospel to the Gentiles as well as to the Jews, 292. The intention of the apos- tle's ministry; his afflictions; his prayer for the Ephesians; ascription of praise to God ; he exhorts them to adorn their profession, and to live in peace and unity ; of various gifts and offices ; tlie necessity of being well instructed in divine things ; how the church is constituted, 293. Deplorable conduct of certain Gentiles ; the result of Christianity; he inculcates purity, holiness, truth, self-command, honesty, and indus- try ; he also enjoins a chaste and pious conversation, the avoidance of evil tempers, affectionate kindness to each other, and a spirit of forgiveness, in imitation of the di- vine benignity ; Christians should imitate their heavenly Father, and walk in love after the example of Christ; dissuasive from various vices, 294. They are instructed to walk as children of light, and not to participate in works of darkness; they are urg- ed to awake, to conduct prudently, to retrieve the time, and to ascertain the Lord's will ; directions to sobriety, gratitude, and obedience ; injunctions to husbands and wives; man .age, an emblem of the union of believers with Christ; the inference; duties of parents and children, of masters and servants, 295. All should be fortified in the Lord, against their enemies; delineation of the Christian armor: prayer and vigiianne required ; commission of Tychicus ; the benediction, 896. m SUBDIVISIONS. PAUL'S LETTER TO THE PHILIPPIANS. tion of the apostle ; of tho^e who prodai n ,h? f T' '"^'"'"''^ ^^ '^' ^''^'^^^ He isuncertainas tohislLIti^or " "/h^^^^^^^ """""""^''^ '"°""^^' ^97. be restored to them • exp esses ' t-n. I "' "' '"=^^'*^ '^ ''"P^ "'^^^ ^e should life, and consoles the^iXiaW^^^^^^^ - God ; exhorts the,n to a pious ence, and disinterestedness enLees^hrLt^^^^^ ''^fer- miliation and exaltation; theV areTxLted o an f ?"'*' '^"'^^'^ ^^"^ '^■« ^u- labor to be irreproachable and otLrwTf 'u ^''*'°"' ■'"'' ''^ ^'^^ '"'"^t^ °f his his life for the g^l, intend" to r^W^t;^^^^^^^^^ f ^^^'^^-^ '° "^^ character ; yet hopes soon to see them Zse^f Ug VrJ ^' ^;''' " ""^ '^'^'^ their particular tenderness; exhorts thTm to re ni ^"^^"'"•"ends Epaphroditus to teachers ; concerning the JSZ\ V ^ ? '" """ ^°"^' ^"'^ *» beware of false his zealots assidui ^In t JS^^^^ ^'^ .^J^'' f'-ation of Christianity vent in the way of^ife/ J,0 H "xZ" he "r T ''''"? '" '' '''''^^"' ^"'^ ^^'- fectionately exhorts the Phil pplaLtnli '" privileges of Christians; af- to particular persons directTnTe'ltftr' '"T^T"* ' -"""-^eates requests duct in all respects a's beco^T St^r^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^°"- for their attention in his cantivitv • hic * . «^^»-ei ence ot the gospel ; thanks them ticular instances of 5.e SnZ 'm 'T " "'' "*"^*'°"^ ' "^ ^^-^ to pa^ tions, and benediction, m ' "" ^""""'^ '" '^'"^ ' '"« g^^titude ; sakta- PAUL'S LETTER TO THE COLOSSIANS. nient of the Colossians ; of d^litrtce^r Ig tsJsTrisf ht 7"""^^ :''^^"''- the reconciliation which the Colossians had realized 302 ch f "71"''""'''"'' preaching ; his great concern for the church iniuncH ' , ^t""""^" "^ ^he apostle's an to beware of seducers; spiritual irpoH^rb l^^The'f "''"' 7' '''''^' state; warns them against particular tenets wli ch arThe ""'^ ^''''''' doctrines of men, 303. He inculcates celestial affirZ ?""' 'commandments and exhorts them to self-command • recal s tho f ^""'T' ""* P''P''"''''°^ for heaven; quent improvement; gives d"LtToneX '""'"*" "^'^ '"''" ness, and benevolence he en o.nl n "' "»'''"'=««' forbearance, forgive- the doctrine of Chri^.^IelTaXdr^rteror ^^^^^^ 'T '''^ '" '^''^'^ name of the Lord Jesus; the relative d^ies of wtej^il h T7. """^ '''' servants, 304. The retribution of an impTrtiaT God 't. ? 'Z'"''^'""' *'''''''=•"' servants; recommendation of praver 2E'l ' ""^ '^"^^ °^ '"='«*"« to their particular directions; salutationfairbeneltion: 3oT"' ^•^""^' ^-'^ -"^-'^ PAUL'S FIRST LETTER TO THE THESSALONIANS. Inscr^tion by Paul and others to the church of the Ti. , ■ praises God for their prosperous situatinn . . "''""'""'^"^ ^ ^he apostle among them. i„ reference to th ir lif ' f "' f ""' '"W ^^«"^'« ''^ the gospel the gospel tobeprocl:^ned;l^^^em.;y"t:^:::s^ .'^^ persecution cLs'ed or hi. great -ctio^r^r .e^di T=r; ^sir^^!;; ^ ^^ ~^^ xxxvi SUBDIVISIONS. if I ■!| 1 ■ i ' i t joices in the intelligence of their Christian stability ; ho prays that th. ■ x. . in love, and be estalylished in holiness 'M)? II..,. ?u^ ^^ ""'^''^ advance injunctions; he counsels tl J r peel "L^^^^^^^^^^^ P''^^'""' in reference to Christian love, an ^Z::ZZ':^S^::tir'''''^''^'''' ' and to mtegrity; consolation in affliction ; the future advent of p/''", ^"'""''''' 8ideraUons and conduct it should insnire ' "'"'"'^ "''7"' "^ Christ, and the con- tical nature ; the apostle. .atatlorr^i^LeidicLTm'"""^^ °' " ^^°"^ "''' •*- PAUL'S SECOND LETTER TO THE THESSALONIANS. th^ci^r:^:!':^;:' 'zzrr.''rT''^- ^"-'^^ ^» ^-^ «>^ preceding apostacy, and" dr Lrstance^ 2* "" h"' f""^ ^''"^'' '''■ ^he 3n. He4sLtheirpea~::L:Sur^-rs=-~^^^ PAULS FIRST LETTER TO TIMOTHY. Bpeaks of his former Lde ofX Te oH ct of Chlist ' ' "' ''." '"^ ' ^''^ "P°«*'« ners; ascription of praise to God plnP f "^ Chris s mission ,n the salvation of sin- because oid desires the sdfatL of ir,'"^' '" ^^^^^^^ Prayer for all men, adorn themselves ; thy ^n^p.^JT T" ,"'? ''"^ ' '""""'"'=" «"-'«» men; how they may expect t^be sive J r ri' °'" *° "«"'P authority over the tions and duties; of XdVnate oZ ' °^ ^P;"'"''\«»P-'"t'-ndents, their qualifica- wives and childr n/and how Z ifould b! " !''T ^'""" ""^ P-ved ; of their himself in the chu ch 3^ £ tcf ^ fT'"' ; ''°^ ^'"'"^''^ ^''°"1'' ^""^uct faith predicted ; exho at o„s To T^mo . f ^ 7". "' ""'' ' '''"''""'y *""'» ''>« ^rue tivate piety, to labor coZ„nH Z^ '° *""''' "'" ''■"^''' *" '''^'^"d ^bles, to cul- youth,fo i^vote irt'S -t so that none might despise his mise of reward ; ru IsTn rep ovfn. ^ ,H T^ '""" "' ''" '"""^'^^' ^^'»'' ^ P^- dows, 315. Of presbVt!JTo"!lI , , '''^°""="' directions concerning wi- accused, and against notollnff!' '"'^ ^^ P^-'^'-'-d against presbyters when relative to TimoZVheaTr ref ",' '"J-<=tions respecting imposition of hands • sacred office; tl. It^o eVv I'-'Vi; 'f t"7:"°" T''' ^ ''^^'''^ ^P'"""'^'' *° ^ The dangerous state of those tl '/f "^"? who mistake gain for piety, 316. Timothy is exhorted to achTeve T""" ■ '° ''" "'''' ' ""'' °^*'''' '°^<^ "^ "'^ney ; livered [o him totiofcflh ' ^". "'"f"' °^ ''""'' ^"'^ *" ^^^'"P ''-' '^•'"ge de- selves ; and the use tChoul^mlf:?;. ' ^"^ ' '"" '" ^"=" '^'^""'^ conduct'them- to hu trust, and to ^^o^t:;:i::^:i:^!;TZL^!^^^^^^ '- ^"" PAUL'S SECOND LETTER TO TIMOTHY. of Timly .'ruUe'^lrd^h^ '!' ''«'-'"'» ^ ^'^ --^'-mbled faith thegospelf he apost^'s cal^t^ ""IT '^ ''^"' ' "'« d'-losures of be firmly retained thranoacv r"^.". P--c"tio„s ; sound precepts to horts TiLthy to conduct'asaLll rf"f"^S';"'"''"°' Onesiphorus; Pau'l ex- himself to GoJ; to avoid vaLecI J r T^'"'"' ''"• ^""'"'"^ '"'" *» ^rove tions; U.e apos irpTdfctsTant ^ " ^ ^ "'" ''^""'"'"^ numerous injunc the pious win be LrsecTrd Zc< 7'"°u ' "" "'" '"'*'"'"'''' "'" "><^^"' ^^^- That persecuted , directs Timothy to continue in the truths he had rereiv- SUBDIVISIONS. and expresses the confidence ^f bet "e 'h' T"'^ '" ^ dS j' |cul..r requests, directions, and repTsL taZ^ 'T' ''f " , "" — -ates par- t.ons, and the apostolic benedictions 321' '=°»'='"''''« with various saluta- PAUL'S LETTER TO TITUS. The apostle's office ; his address to Tifno . i-n ■ mthechurch;charac;eroft,X „!T^^^^ aged and the young, 328. To Titus rllaZ.Zf^'"^''^"'''''^' '^'^''tions to the the present purposes, and future prospecltf CI "/■'''" '""''""'' """^ *° '''^'^^^-■ C.V.1 authority, and ,,entle deportZt to all men .'.'"''^ ' '''^"' ''"^°'-« obedience o •ng the advent of Christ; the asto,'rshL rev 1 • T"'^'''^ '"'"' "^ "">"- Preced! neeessuy of a Christian life, and TltZlTcoZvZ ^""^ ''' '"''''' Produ;e's ; tt fact,ous ; particular directions to Titus ; JlutrnTlZliltlT "^^"''^ ''^^ PAUL'S LETTER TO PHILEMON ch^L^:;iJr?^r:^r.- 1^- - -- - --, we, and to mduce Philemon to for.rive him ir '"^''"* One«inius ; ur^es motive- -aster; expresses his confided" 'th'tPre;" "''"^'^"^ "^°"^ 1- hadlne I ---i.ne.ontopreparehi.al^;^'S- -- ^P;^^-.^^ sequel- THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS. Various revelations: exalted nf,n, . • • exhortation diligently t;s;eklt^^^^^^^^ tional declaration of Christ's «„n Proffered by the Lord of glorv 3^-, I^-' -nparison of Christ wUh MoTe ";"?„ir:rotT';^ "^J-tions'toThis'Ten.^ved: Christ as a priest with Me c.tdcrsorT'"''"' '^"'^ -^'o^tation cotp^^Tf the Jewish priests? the subje/t of^cL'T ^"1';"°^^"^ '^^ - -^ ^T.^thl -ously proposed and briefly^ dlusse ":«;£'?""" '"' ""^ °«-' "^ Prt^pre '" '■'^^Pect to these, exhibited, m tZ", ' ^"r"''"''"-'*^ '^ "'e Jewfsh pr£; W J^r„d, o„J„„j i„ '„.„ »„;*„ °Xi''« *"?■ "W.I. the Hcb,rSii "„ m X'^vm SUBDIVISIONS. JAMES' GENERAL LETTER. Jamks addresses the dispersed of the twelve tribes; shows that trials produce patience; they are exhorted in faith to implore wisdom from God ; directions to the rich and the poor ; endurance of trials; causes of temptation ; all good proceeds from God; cautions against passionate language, and perverse tenipei ; obedience, and not mere audience to the word, required ; the law of liberty, 339. Character of true religion ; partiality prohibited, and benevolence inculcated ; he who violates one com- mand, impugns the authority of all ; the unmerciful are not to expect mercy the unavailing character of that faith, which is not accompanied by good works 340 ' Ex- hortation not to accumulate teachers; the utility and perversion of language ; the character and results of true and false wisdom; the origin and misery of wars and contentions; why so little heavenly good is obtained; the friendship of the world : humility and submission to God, 341. Calumny; disregard of divine Providence the sin of conscious disobedience ; rich profligates in danger of God's judgments ; the oppressed followers of God should be patient; profanity forbidden ; directions to the afflicted, .{42. Acknowledgment of offences; great efficacy of prayer ; the blessedness ot restoring tlie transgressor from his erroneous course, 343. i ll ; PETER'S FIRST GENERAL LETTER. Pkter's introduction, and the state of those persons addressed; he describes their privileges, and praises God for their fidelity ; happy «.sult of their afflictions ; from fhe salvation announced, they should bo encouraged to a holy obedience 344 Of prayer, purity, and mutual love ; the frailty of man, and the immutability of God • discarding evil dispositions, they are directed to desire advancement through the xvord; their spiritual privileges; l.o enjoins purity, integrity, obedience to civil authority, a prudent use of their Christian liberty, and the fear of God; the duties of servants. 'Mr^. Illustrated by the example of Christ ; their former wandering and their return; the duty of husbands and wives; how to obtain happiness; retribu- tion ol (iod ; endurance of persecution ; the reason of their hope ; preservative of a good conscience, 34(!. Suflering and resurrection of ('hrist ; his preaching to the ancient world ; the preservation of Noah and his family, nn emblem of baptism ; ascension and dominion of Christ ; we should sufler patiently in imitation of him • abandon our former vices ; accountability to God ; proclamation of the gospel ; various Christian duties recommended ; persecutions predicted, and how they were to endure them, 347. Approuching judgments of God, and pr.-paration for them ; directions to the prenbyters, with promises; to the young; humility, contentment, Hobriety, vigil- ance, and resistance to evil, inculcaU-d, and eternal glory profilred ; salutations, and benediction, 34c'. PETER'S SECOND GENERAL LETTER. The opostolir, address, and the state of those persons to whom the letter is sent ; ex- hortation to attain various Christian virtues ; he intimoU's his immediate dissolution, and the previous duties of which it reminds hini ; the 0. xxxii SUBDIVISiONS. S;rS':'uS:t'y:;Jt:^' theco„t,.„er«.whowi., appear i„ the Jpl favor; ascription of pie. 35" ' ^'^"-^ ''g'"-^ "PO^tacy ; advancement in divine JOHNS GENERAL ADDRESS TO CHRISTIANS. wjljt^rSn'uZrillr'Ii'"',^^' -^^'^ '^ li...t,Chltians «hou,««'-« J the believer has the JOHNS LETTER TO AN EMINENT CHRISTIAN WOMAN JOIIN-S LETTER TO A DISTINGUISHED ClIlilSTIAN MAN JUDES GENERAL LETTER. to ancient e,an,^ t^'^Xr-^^l^T'n '" ""r"^" ^•''"""' '" '^"■'•'^"- u. by the apo.tiei. who !,rj.::^'^ij::::;r'^z:r:!:::'t^^ lowwui the deiuUeU ; the BpoiUe 1, McripUon of praiw, 300. xl SUBDIVISIONS. JOHN'S LETTERS, VISIONS, AND PROPHECIES. Phemminary observations ; John's address to the sewn rh„,.„u c » • the advent of Jesus Christ; .'nentioas his o vn e. e o Patn os tt'e .' '"''""'^ what he saw, and the explanation or the seven Irs sSr' n 7 ^'"^"'l/" ^vrite Ephesus; of Smyrna ; of Pergamos W2 Of T, . <• L , *" ^'"^ "''"'■'='' °*' 303. Of Laodioe'a; John :TZ\^^. S'^^zl:^::^:::^^^^^'''^ our seniors and four livin, beings, who all unite in Tdl^rand Zi.Jt J^ Jo4. The book sealed w th seven seals is nnnn,.,? •jnr, rf, .* ^ -^imignty, the hvmjr God ; description of those who were sealed 'ItUi Thn .„ .1 , • ed ; of the seven angels with the seven truTnnet six ;; U.e alt ' T- " '''"^"• pets, 3r.MM.,lur.., no \,;, thui, tl, h„r „ , ,? .... „.,,,.ha;o.. «.i.h wni..h .h„ , , V ,.L, ;.;; ;,;;.:.:;::; i;;!,::*:::— :;:::;" • SSSSSSrwtfs THE PRODUCTfO N S «»P THE EVANGELISTS AND APOSTLES THE HISTORY BY MATTHEW. from Plmrc, n..,,,„„ , ft! wt ° ' A 1 ''r'' """""'• ''^ ■^""""■ from A,„i„„d,„,, N,,.,,' f" " ZLf C ' '"""/'»"•■ Am,„.H.b Jm.o, D„,i,| ,!,„ |.i„^. "■*"■ ""^ «"«' i tron, Obcd, Jomc , a„d from He;;;i'i:: SoitrA:;:: .'i;"tr r;"'"" ' '""■"- '■»- •l.hM i J..|u,«l,„,,|,„, ,,„,! J,,r„mj":,ri?,T ,'*",' ' *'" ''""" -""'""l'- Mm,„..„b_b.dAm„„, A.o„ .,a.U„r ;' .^^t,! ',- i^tj from SalMbicl, Zerabba Wl ■ Z" ' ,"' ,"','' ,""«'"«»" •" Baby RHabb„;fr„„E„„ki,„,^;^ J™ ^ "•*...■, A/i-li from Ab,„d from Achb,,, Eliod , ft„m m^^ZtTr! ^I'r! '""" S""'"" '''■'""' ' "•»'""'"• •>"» ai..l from Jaiob 7,'!hZ T'?' """'"'"" ' ''"•" All tho Konornti(M,g, therefore ft-nn, ",^, ^ " »'•« "amcfrom Davi.I Tw''']^"'".^'"-"''""' »" I>«vid. nre fourteen . departure to the Me««iah. a like m,mT '" °"'^'"" ' "^^ ^^^ »''«» 6 -I'i A I'OSTOLIC lMl()l>lJCTIONa, ■ -f.' I! Moreover, the imtivity of Jesus Clirist thua occurred. While his niother Mary wns pledjrea to Joseph, heforc they united, she was found in gestation, through the Holy Spirit. Then Joseph, her affianced hushand, heing a henevolent nuui, and reluctant to expose her, was inclined to divorce her privately. But as he wns reflecting on the sub- Ject, behold, a messenger of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, and said, Josepii, descendant of David, hesitate not to receive to yourself Mary, your affianced wife ; for this, her inceptive offspring, is from the Htdy Sj)irit. And she nhall have a son ; and you must call his name Jesus, that is, Saviour; for he will save his people from their sins. Now all this was done, agreeably to the subsequent declaration of the Lord by the i)ropl)et ; Behold, the virgin shall gestate, and shall have a son, and his name must be called Immanuel, which, being translated, signifies, God with us. Joseph, therefore, being awakened from sleep, did as the messenger of the Lord had commanded, and received her as his wife ; hut was not conversant, till she had her first-born son ; and lie called his imme Jesus. Besides, the Saviour being born at Bethlehem in Jndea, diiring the reign of Herod the king, behold, eastern magians came to Jerusalem, say- ing, Where is the infimt king of tl>e Jews ? for, at the east, we have seen his star, and have come to render him homage. But Herod the king, being thus apprised, was alarmed, together with all Jerusalem. And when he had assembled all the chief priests and instnieters of the peo- pie, he demanded of them when; the Messiah was to he born ? And they answered him, At Bethlehem in Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet ; And tliou Bethlehem, in the territory of Judah, art by no means the least illustrious among the cities of Judah, for from thee shall proceed a Ruler, who will nourish my peoj)le Israel. Then Herod, having privately called the magians, minutely inquir- ed of them the time when the star appeared. And sending tliem to Bethlehem, he said. Departing, search strictly for the infant, and when you have found him, inform me, that I also may come, and pay him reverence. And after listening to the king, they departed ; and behold, the star, which they had viewed at the east, preceded them, till it came and remained over the place where the infant was. And still perceiving the star, they were transported with very great joy. And arriving at the house, they saw the young child with Mary his mother; and prostrat- ing themselves, they offered him himuige : and opening their treosuries, they imparted to him as presents, gold, and frankincense, and myrrh. And being warned in a dream, not to return to Herod, they retired to tlieir own country, by another way. But, on their departure, behold, a messenger of the Lord appeors to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and take with you the infant and his mother, and fly to Egypt, and continue there, till I shall ccmununicato with you ; for Herod will acarch for the little child to destroy him. And he arosci took witl: lum the infant ond his niother by night, and with- #% 1^ MATTilJiW'S HISTORY, recalled my Son. '^ ^^ *^'" P"-"!''"^^' ''rom Egypt I have children, who LreTn fieU elem :nr""n""' '"^'"''^^'^ ^'' ^^^ '»'^'« tering the second year Town n^.' '" f "' ''""'*^' ^'""^ *'»««« ««- iearnt from the m' ^ Ls il t/T" ' "'"' ''^ ''^^ P^^'-'-'y Hpoken by Jeremiah ^1^ In Ram^r """^'' "'''='* ^^^ ^»'- ing, and weeping, and ZX^d^fl"^ ''"'''' ''''' ^'"'''^•^ "^«»r„. ehjuiren. and L^., tor^;!!;! j^ r u^f:::!::-""^ ^- you the infant and his mothoT a. tf^"^u"^\ '^"''"' ""^ ^"'^^ ^i*'' are dea<,. who .ought rha^oT l/e^y^n "cti^'^Tlf 'T"'' ''' '''' took with him the infant and his mothJrnn l ,^ " ''*' *'""'''' ""'^ of l«rael. Hearing, however 171 ' T '''"''"'^''^ *°^''^'"^« *''« '"^"^ -ccesHor of his fSiher Zod L wl I :"/?"'"' ""'• •^"^•"^' «« «''« m«.u«hed in a drean., he retTred to H '"''"""' ^"^ ''""^ "d- arrived there, ho res d d l' tl >>"^''!-" '''"'"• "^"^ ^"^'"^ comphshed the declaraln oj t "^ I r""'' ' ""'^ *''"« -«*« «- should he regarded as aTazlre„: ""' "' ^'"^"^^'"^ "^^'^^^J' ^'^^ »>« the Lord, make his paZs"! a" 7 T'/"' ""P""-^ ^''^ -'^^ "^ ment of camel's hai ' and rort.ir.t r I" f''" ""^ '^''^'^ '" « --*" and h. , , ,„..,,;, on:e:L^^;;tld l.o„t ^ '''''''"' ^'^ ^^'^^ ' the'::;;i:trt^;^::rrf "'-" *""^"^' "^^"^-' -^ -^an baptized by him in t 7^^^^^^^^^^^^^ '^^'^/f' *" "- ; and were when he perceived nnu.y of 1^;,. "f^ "^'^"T''''^'^""? '^^^^ «•"«• But S>t..n. he sa.d to then^; iwl ;r l^.^ ''r' " '"« ed you to fly fr,..„ the approaching vZ anl I T""'1^ '*'"''"'«''■ •'PI«opnate fn.it of reformation • and T "''''' *''«'-*''"'-oes not yield good fru.t, must h ' , Toln^'^^ '''''' *.^^^'""-' >^"-" •"deed baptise you with water t}L ' '^ '"'* '"'° *^« «'•«• I «»cc..c.d me. is Lore Je^ / ^.7" 7'^T''" ' ''"^ '-' -''" '« to -nvey ; ho will bapt ze you wit 1,1 ' :/'?" "'"^^ ' •"" "ot worthy to fan iH in lus han.l, ami he Z om t» Iv ^ ' ^V"'" "'*'' «^"- "- «''«»t into ,ho „a„„,„ . ,„.; .:"•!' «"y «'♦'«•• h.H flo,>r, an.l collect h,. KUislmble fire. "' ' "" '"" "^'" conmune the chafl' with inextin- 44 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. i oy mm. But John earnestly protested to him, sayinir, It is necessarv that I should be baptized by thee, and dost thou com'e tSme ZjeZ wnatever is right. Then John acquiesced. And Jesus, beine baptized unmediately ascended from the water; and behold, the hea^vens were' opened to his view, and John saw the Spirit of God, descenlglike a dove, and resting on him. And behold, a voice from the heavens trifd bv tt' "' ^«« «««du«ted by the Spirit into the wilderness, to be tried by the enemy. And having fasted forty days and forty nights he bread But h. ji T^ '^V'''' '**'"^^ "^^ ^^««™« Jo^^es of bread. But he alleged in reply, It is written, Man shall not live on bread alone, but on every word proceeding from the mouth of God" Then the enemy conducts him to the holy city, and places him on the turre of the temple ; and says to him. If thou art a Son of G^d, throw thyself down; for it is written. He will charge his angels resnectTn^ thee and they shall sustain thee in their hands,'lest thou fhouldst' S hy foot against a stone. Jesus said to him. On the contrary, it is wrh- ten. Thou Shalt not make trial of the Lord thy God. Againf he enlmy conducts him to a very lofty mountain, and displays to iL Jll the S domHof the land, with their splendor; and declLes to him A^ thefe thmgs I will give thee, if. in humble posture, thou wilt pay m; homagl Then Jesus says to him. Depart from me, adversary ! for it is wrTtL^ Thou Shalt worship the Lord thy God ; and to him aione, thou shd oS rehgious adoration. Then the enemy leaves him; and behold, angels came and ministered to him. ^ Now Jesus hearing that John was imprisoned, withdrew to Galilee. And en irely leaving Nazareth, went and resided at Capernaum, a m^l time place in the hmits of Zebulun and Naphtali ; and then was ver- ified that which was thus announced by the prophet Isaiah ; the district of Zebulun. and the district of Naphtali. by the course of Ihe set a" d by the side of Jordan, in GaUlee of the nations, the people, seated Z darkness, saw a great light ; and to those who inhabited the land of the shadow of death, hght has arisen. From that time Jesus began to proclaim and to say. Reform, for the dominion of heaven approaches. And walking around near the sea of Galilee, he saw two brethren. Simon, called Peter, and Andrew his brother, extending a seine in the water ; for they were fishermen. And he said to them, Follow me. and I will enable you to take men : and immediately abandcming the nets, they followed h.m. And proceeding thence, he saw two other brethren James, the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in a fishing-boat with Zebedee thc.r father, repairing their nets; and he called them. And instantly leaving tiie vessel, and their father, they accomDa.u«.i U^n 01 W "r--"*«*-*««iiP 9 » t,. MATTHEW'S HKLTORY. a.o^;r:n/;r^^^^^^^^ Galilee,i„.n.cti„, i„ ehe. J God. and healing every kfnd of 5 """"'T ««°««'»i«g the reign of And his fa.e p'S '^fs^fa"^^^^^^^^^^ persons, having various disordp;« a ^ conveyed to him all sick and demoniacsfandTunatlranT' '"1 ^"'^^^^7 ««vere complaints; Great crowds, thereforrfnll ^Tu^''"' ' *"^ ^' ^'^^'^ t^em. and ^^rus^lernX^r^^r.:^^:^^^^^ - «' -ing your good works, m^ay :lre7oufF:tt^^^ tt7 ""'V ^'" *'^^' Imagme not, that I have ant Pnr.^ J^o"^ 'ather, who is m heaven. I have not come to subven b^t; ««: ^^^^^^^^ «hall heaven and earth vaTiLh ba 'T " T"' ' '*^^"« ^^^ «°o«e taken from the law. tillTobie " *" T^'" P"'"* "'• P^'-tic-'ar be fore, who shall viola'tl' ";: of ^ aToTtt'^''- ^"^ •'^"^"' *''-- cate the same on others will h« rn , , '"J»"ctions. and incHl- heaven; but he who s aVp rfo Lfnd ? T^' '^"* '" *"« ^'^^ «f great in the same dominion! Zl del? ""' "'" ""' ^«««»^«*» «» integrity shall surpass that of the scribes^ and" T' '^^' ""''^^ ^°" indeed, enter the kingdom of heaven ''"'"''' ^°" '^'^»"«t, nol:rdt:v::t ':z ir rrw-sr ^''^ r- *«• '^'^^ ^^^^^ ^^ I affirm to you, that everyTne lTil,T'"''' ? '''' J"^^«^- ^"^ will be liable to the judged a"'d he^uXT"''^ "^'^ ^'' brother, miscreant, will be subject ti, the san^ ." 'l*^'"*^""^" ^" ^'^^ther as a him as an abandoned ^ll'tTl^y'"' ' "^^^ »»« -ho shall denounce therefore, thou art coilveyinir' ih^^^^T'' 1" '^' ^''"""" "^ «'•«• ^f. veyuig thy g.ft to the altar, and dost there recoJ- 46 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. lect, that thy brother has any complaint against thee, leaving there thy gift before the altar, depart, and first be reconciled to thy brother, and then approach, and offer thy gift. Make an immediate compromise with thy creditor, while thou art on the road with him ; lest the creditor consign thee to the judge, and the judge commit thee to the officer, and thou be thrust into prison. I assure thee, that thou wilt by no means be discharged from that place, till thou hast paid the last farthing. You have learned that it was declared, Thou shalt not commit adul- tery. But I apprise you, that any one, who, in beholding the wife of another, intends to cherish impure desire, has already committed that offence m his heart. If, therefore, even thy right eye ensnare thee, tear it out, and cast it from thee ; since it is better for thee, that one of thy members should perish, than that thy whole body should be thrown into gehenna. And if thy right hand cause thee to sin, cut it off, and cast it from thee, since it is better for thee, that one of thy members should be destroyed, than that thy entire body should be consigned to gehenna. further, it has been asserted, every one who would divorce his wife, let him give her a precept of separation. But I declare to you, that he who shall divorce his wife, except in the case of incontinence, may render her guilty of adultery; and he who shall marry the discarded woman, commits the same transgression. You have also heard that it was affirmed to the ancients, Thou shalt not perjure thyself, but shalt perform to the Lord thy solemn oaths. But I charge you. Swear not at all ; either by the heaven, because it is the throne of God ; or by the earth, for it is his footstool ; or by Jeru- salem, since it is the city of the great King ; nor shalt thou swear by thy head, for thou canst not make one hair wliite or black. But let your language be— yes, yes; no, no; for that which exceeds these, originates from evil. You are informed that it was said. Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth. But I say to you. Resist not the injurious person ; but if any one strike thee on thy right cheek, turn to him even the other; and whoever deter- mmes to sue thee at law, and to take away thy cassock, let him also have thy mantle. And if any one press thee to go with him one mile, accompany him two. Give to him who solicits thee, and him. who would borrow from thee, do not reject. You are reminded that it was announced. Thou shalt love thy friend and hate thine enemy. But I say to you, Love your enemies, bless those who curse you^ do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who insult you, and persecute you ; that you may resemble your Father who 18 in heaven ; for he makes his sun rise on the evil and the good, and disperses ram to the righteous and the unrighteous. For if you love those only, who love you, what reward can you expect ? Do not even the public exactors the same ? And if you show courtesy to your friends only, in what do you excel ? Do not even the pagans the same 1 Be ye therefore oerfect. nvAn »« v»iir kon.,0.,1,, p„*i..._ ; «. . . . r.„,j 1 ati:rr is pcriCCl. -.«P«.*SB^gB, MATTHEWS HISTORY. ^y yoTZTV^^' ^""l ^''^""^ "°* ^*»"' '«"gi««« duties before men that And when thou prayest, thou shalt not imitate the hypocritefl for th. received their recomoenTe rT ,1, 'J " ''°"' ""' ""J' >■•»« thy will be done on earth, even as in heaven G'e^"fh1r/'"" ' necessary subsistence ; and forffive us o.,r trT ^'^ ^^^ «"«• those who trespass against uT and Z/^"''''' ^' """ ^'^^ '""''^''^ preserve us from eviL ' "**°" "' ^°* *^ temptation ; but ne.her will ^our^F^Xour ^^^^^^^^^^ ''-'^^ '' «^^- .eia::;:;?:;--^^;^ hcly appear to fast. I assure vo,. thm .v. '^^^"'^^«' "»«* they may pub- Bu. .Ke„ ,h„„ keep,,, X S^Xt^'riXth *v7 '"r de„r„„ .„d „„e„ ,hieve, e»n„„. inWd. 1" '* """^ »°' ™'' ««» lrea,ur6 ia, there your henr, .ill ,|,„ be. ' •"'"'" J"""' The eye ia the lamp of the bodv. If thor.f„,- .1. Ihj "hole body will be illumin.j . i, "•""''''>"'• """« eye bo clear, «hole bodywiUbldarken d And f V*""," '^^ "' ''""'-"'• % be^-rhne,; ho. grr::;:, ,^^1^..^ """ "■"' •""™-" '"" .he otbl'" TalZt'Te^uZind" "^ "V""" ""^ <■"'• "»'' '»" lean, he »,l| attend ou., and neglect the other. Vo« 1 1 II 1 48 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ti'H cannot serve God and an idol. On this account I .h anxious relative to your life what vn.. Tu ^'^^ y°"' ^^ »«* drink; nor in reference to vonrh/,," ^^*' *"^ ""^^^ ^o" «hall life of more valulthan „ouri^^^^^^^^^ T/'ll' "^"- '« "°* ^'^^ serve the birds of the ^r Ih^Z' 1 ^""^^ '^"'^ '^•°«»t ^ ©b" into stores ; but yot: Z:e^XZ''::^:\Z' "d "^^' "°^ ^^^^«^ excel them? Besides whi.v. / *™' ^° ^o" «<>* greatly single moment? td Ihy ar'e ^u «"''" ^""f^' ^^^^'^"^ '"'^^'^^ ' Contemplate the lilies of the LH T' ""*** "'P"*=* *° '«i™«»t ^ bor nor spin ; yet I affirm tn L "" ***'^ ^'^^^"''^ ' ^^ey neither la- was no. eUHdlfe^T; on^^^^^^^^^ ^iLT:;rd^" f ^^^^-r ctt^'r^ifr^nft ~ -- - ^^^^^^^^^ feeble faith 7 B^o!' therefore "'"'^ ""' ''''^^''^ ^''"' -»>« -« «f what shall we drl^^^r Xf LlT"' 'f?^' "^'"^ ^'^^^ "« -*' «' the pagans pursue), wlr hetej^^^^^^^^^^ ^" *»«-« «^j-ts necessaries. But seek first thl 11 ■ .^ ^"""^^ *^"* y«" ^a"* these quires, and all these L^AhallbeTne^^^^ "' ''' "*^^"*^ '^^ '«■ fore, anxious for to-morrf^ !Le Z ^f.'''^^^ ^'^"- «« ««*, there- tion Sufficient for eachTa; iXot al" rtr ''°""''*"'^" ""- «ion,7o: CiSf r j:^ .7^ - ^« ^f^^^- ^or by your rule of deci- wiU be imparted o y^u i^ retu'r m '7" 7^^' ^^" ^'«P--' '» the splinter which iLn thy brother W^' Lr "'' '"* *'^" °''««^- in thine eye ? Or, how wilt thn„ ? ' J"* P^"^^'^"'* "•** *h« thorn deed »h„ „a^ ;,°f ^ X you „f ;;l''7h"'" "" °'''""'- '"" wm he offer him a .tone I or, in,e ai I,"^,'/ ""'T "I"'" "^d, serpent ? If then, you „ho are ,1^1 b u ' """ '"' P™™' k™ » 3-our children, ho;'™,!^: Ti^'l orpX'" 'T" ""' «'«' "" things to tlio.e who a.k him '" '""""" P™ «»»'' .o'''^*;<^™l,!f?n^s;'fm^nlrh ""Vi' """'■ •-°"'<' o- «° propheta. ^""" '° """" ' '" 'W" " the law and the .he'C-ttdftlliSLr i:T "'"^ " •- ^"«- "^ "P-on. it. But, how narrow i, tT2° ' , *°" "" '"°»>' "'"• P"" through Ufa ! and how ^:Z:Z/Z Zi"T' "^ ""'• """" "°"^-' '" MATTHEWS HISTORY. 49 ^:^Y^^^^^^ --''-. .ho approach ,o! the,r fruits you may discover them d' "" "" ™^^"'^"« ^^'ves. B^ or figs from thistles ? Thus S' . ° "'" ^^'^'' ^'^P^' from thorns^ but a bad tree, produces bad frtu T'^ T' '''' ^^''^^ food fS .' nor an evil tree, good fruit Ev"' tfef whVr T"°* ''^^^ -« ^^ j^ef::rbrszp:r;msr^^^^ -- «- ^he hi„,aom «. Many Will say to me fn that vei^y djy Lo'd" I ^^ "'° " '» hea-^ ed .n thy name ? and in thy naL expeHed d ' '"'' ^« °«* -«*™ct- performed numerous miracles? ^^1 '•?'"!.' ""^ ^" % "ame I never approved of you ; denart fil^l " ^'''^^'^ *" t^em, Surely Every one. therefore. IharTe rf ,17;'"" "'" ''^'^"^^^ ^ "^^ though the rain descended and t L * ^°"^^ on the rock • for and beat against that hout;f fJ^Vj'f^^ «^™«' -^ the winds blet B"t every one. who hears thLse mv^n ' " ^^' ^'^""^^^ on the rod' be compared to a thoughtless mTn T"'*'""'' ""^ ^^'^^y^ the ' ma J for when the rain desS d ^d Th: T*'' ""' ''°"- ^ ^he ^and"^ blew and^dashed against that Cslffe^r^^^^^ came, and the winds' And ,t happened, when Jesus had cU. '/^ 5"'*^ ^*« ^*« '"in- people were exceedingly aston^Ikl^r *'**"''^"^«d this discourse, that th« was teaching them as onrwZ 1' ".""'^ '^^ '^^^--^tio^ for^ scribes. ^bo possessed authority. a„d not as the fon;pr fore him, said, Sir, if Am win .L ' ' P'"«raiiiig himself be- "■e»ded his h„d and .ou^h^U Ic7.°„" "'iT^ ""• ^^^ '^^ him. earn^VadirZiig W^^^^^ ^L^'^^T"'"' * *'^"*""«» «ame to house, seized with paralysis 1^1 T"f* ®"'' ""^ ^^'''^t lies iTmy him, I am coming, Tnd ^TlZS 'nZ''^^^ ^^ ^^^ -^ "o Sir, I am not worthy that thou «h .i, ^ **"' centurion said in renlv --d by word, and my servTn^'^^^^^^ but crm-' -bject to authority, halving LTl" under ^''' «^«» '' ^^o am he goes ; and to another, CumeTid Z ' "^^ '** ^'^^ «««• Go, and Do this, and he does it/ Id jTsI h . " ' ^^ *° ""^ «^« ^^^Jt. claimed to those who folIowlS, 1^ 17"?^' ^^"""'^ ^'"' ""'^ p"- found, even in Israel, such .rl^fllllAl'^'^r *« 2^<>". that I havelt —7 wui come from the east^andwestTd ..T \ '"''"'"' ^«"' »bat 7 '*' ""** ^'''" "-echne with Abraham, 60 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. tl'i and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven ; while the sons of the kingdom will be driven into outward darkness, where M^UbT ween n^ and gnashing of teeth. Then Jesus said to th^ centuri:.^. Depr'nd And when Jesus had entered the house of Peter, he nerceived hi« ^t\Ti::z! sir "" '''-'. ' ^"^ '"^ ^''-^^'^ '- '^^^^^' ^^ inl tK u 'I ^ ^'■"'^ ''"^ entertained him. Now, in the even- mg they brought to him many demoniacs : and he cast out the spLhs with a word, and healed all that were sick ; thus verifyinr^e deXra ouTcTiLaLr '" '^^^'' "^ ''"'''''' ^^' infirmities,'an! fal endured tiof rr'' •'^^"«'J'«^i"g th« great^ssemblage about him, gave direc tion to depart to the other side of tfie lake. Ind a certaii sTribe an go^ ^7;d J s?' "r'^r' ''T'^'' ' ^^" ^«"°- thee^Terever th?u goest. And Jesus rephed to him. The foxes have burrows, and the bird^s^of the air have perches, but the Son of Man has no pTa;e :o rest And another, one of his disciples, said to him. Lord, permit me first L„ir. T "7 '''^''' '^"* •'^^"^ ^"«-«r«d him. Follow r, and leave the dead to bury their own dead. ' A„^"„V^'" i"'"' ^^f ""'""''* '^^ ^"^««'' ^i« «*>««*?!«« followed him. And afterwards, a violent tempest arose on the sea, so that the vessd aTd\Torehr^''"r ' but he was sleeping. The disci^ts came to ther W^ ' '''^"^' ^T'' '""" "' ' ^" "^« P«"«»""g- And he says to them. Why are you so fearful, and of such feeble faith ^ Then he calm. And the men were astonished, announcing, What personage is this, whom even the winds and the sea obey • personage is And when he had passed to the opposite shore, into the region of the Gadarenes, there met him two demoniacs, proceeding from the sepul! chre, ; «o excessively fUrious that no one could safely pa^s that way Now "'sol aS . * ?'" '""' ^'''' prematurely to torture us7 in7 InA^LTT ^™ ^*'«™' ^ »"•««'«"« herd of swine was feed- . ing. And the fiends thus besought him, If thou shouldst cast us out send us away to the b.rd of swine. And he said to them Go Tid having been expelled, they departed to the swine; and in tant y the thetate^s ^Th:' ttT ^J^ '''''. ''""^ ^"" ''^ «-' ^^ ™ " tne waters. Then the herdsmen fled, and reaching the city, pubhshed all this, and what had happened to the demoniacs. And soo^ after thf who e city went out to meet Jesus. And when they saw him, they fn treated that he would depart from their borders. And hav2 eme'ed" the vessel he crossed the lake, and came to his own city. ^ And subsequently, they brought to him a paralytic person, lying on a bed , and Jesus, perceiving their faith, said to tlfe paTalyti . Son. "ke c f I tl ti MATTHEWS HISTORY, courage, your sins are forffiven von A «^ thus secretly affirmed. This ZlZe.uI^ ^""^ l^''' '"™" °^ *^« """bes ing their thoughts, said, WhTlTou trnre"f """^ '""^' ^"--- which is least difficult, to sav Thv ^^"'^^^'^ "» ^our hearts ? For command. Arise and ll?' But Z' ''' ^'^"'" ' °'" f««"««*»'»%] to of Man has authority on tie ear h to T ™'^'" ""^^'' ^'^^^ ^''^ ^on to the paralytic), take up thy bed aL " T Tl ^"^"' ^'^'^ "^^ ^^en and went to his house. A^d thi to J/\ ''^ *'''"'" ^"^ ^« «-«« andpra.edGod,.hohadX:t^SX^^^^^^^^^^ astonished, -^^sSg-r^^rffit^^^^^^^^^^^^ -- o. Mat. arose and followed him. ^ ^'"' '^"""^ ™«- And he co^J^X^ut trrr rf-r *"" ^" ^ ^-- - - -Ives with him and his discipe 1^^ l""' '"'' ^'^''^'^ *^«™- to his disciples. Why does yotr Tether eat' ''r""^' ^'^^''^^"^ ^*' ^^^ ners ? Jesus hearing it. sL to them Th u ^^^'^^t^erers and sin- want a physician ; b^ut 'they who ^'e Tfck" C^' T '" ''"'«'*^' ^« -» what that means, I require humanity rath^ H ' '^°'''' '""* '«"" not to call righteous pelns, buTsilrs '"" ^^"'^''^ ^ ^^ ' -- Ihe disciples of John then accosted hJr„ • • • the Pharisees frequently fast, S tW 7'- T^^' ^^^ "^^ ^« «»d repHes to them. Can the bridlm t. mourr'^ 7 ""'' "°^ ' ^"^ Jesus 's with them 7 But the days wTu arrive V'' u^ "' '^'^ bridegroom taken from them, and then they :!^,rfo 7' "*";" ^he bridegroom wil, be finished cloth on an old garment for thl °°' ^ '' ^ P''"« «^ »"- of its fulness, and a worfe r^ s' mad ' Z T' ''^"^^ '""^ ^^--« nto old leathern bottles; for ifthev do .^ P^"''"' P"* "«^ ^^"6 •« wasted, and the bottl . are d roved b ^T' '""*' ""^ ^''^ ^i"« new bottles, and both are preserved ' "^ P"* "'^ ^'"« '"*« As he was making these remarks to tJ,. came to him, and prostrating h"mser«„SM ^ ^"'^'^ «"ddenly dying; but come Lid lay tlfy ha„d ^ T ' ''. '""^'^^^^ ^^^J"^* now Jesus, with his disciples, arose and In IV^ '^^ ^'" '''^^^- And who had been afflicted ^itrrhe^rT" Z™' ^"' ^^'^^^'^^ ^ woman, h-, and touched the border of htXtt '7^" .^^^ reflection, If I can only touch his gaT^lt p ^n^K ""^ '"^ ^^"«* Jesus turned around, and behold'nf hTr t. t ^' ''''''''^' »"» -; jou-ith h. recovered y^' ^ ^^^^ -;:!:! J^ f^^^^^zr::i!::i::z:^^^ - -r- -« musi. the young woman JJlTj^'^f' !«« .^«"* '" «nd took her hand, and through all that region. "'"" '""" '''*" transaction was published 53 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. •ft is. r hi It ^-^ ft t^ m I'i la 1 > li !U. And ns Jesus departed thence, two blind men followed him, exclaim- ing, and saying, Son of David, have mercy on us ! And when he arrived at the house, tlie blind men came to him : and Jesus says to them, Do you believe that I am able to perform tliis ? They reply to him, Cer- tainly, Rfftster. He then touched their eyes, proclaiming. Let it be done to you, nccording to your faith. And their eyes were opened ; and Jesus thus strictly charged them, See that you inform no one. But having departed, they spread hia fame through all that land. Now, these men having withdrawn, the people immediately presented to him a dumb man, who was a demoniac. And the demon having been ^pelled, the dumb man spoke, and the people were astonished, saying, Never was it thus seen in Israel. But the pharisees said. He casts out demons through the prince of the demons. And Jesus traversed all the cities and villages, teaching in their syn- agogues, and announcing tlie good news respecting the dominion of God, and healing every disease, and every infirmity. Observing, how- ever, the vast crowds, he was deeply impressed with compassion for them, because they were sorrowfully afflicted, and dispersed as sheep having no shepherd. He then says to his disciples, The harvest is in- deed abundant, but the laborers are few. Implore, therefore, the Lord of the harvest, that he would thrust forth laborers to gather iu And after Jesus had suniino.;3d his twelve disciples, he gave them authority to expel impure spirits, and to heal diseases and infirmities of every kind. Moreover, these are the names of the twelve apostles : the first, Simon who is called Peter, and Andrew the brother of Peter ; James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James. Philip and' Bartholomew , Thomas, and Matthew the public exactor ; James the son of Alpheus ; and Lebbeus, whose surname was Thaddcus ; Simon the Canaanite ; and Judas Iscariot, even he who betrayed him. Jesus commissioned these twelve, instructing them, and saying, Go not away to the Gentiles ; and enter not any city of the Samaritans ; but go rather to the lost sheep of the race of Israel. And as you proceed, proclaim like heralds, saying. The empire of heaven is approocliing. Heal tlie sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, expel evil spirits ; Ub- erally you have received, hl)eraliy give. Provide not gold, nor silver, nor brass, in your purnes ; nor receptacles of provisions for your journey ; no spare coats, shoes, nor staves ; for the workman is worthy of his maintenance. And whatever city or village you shall visit, inquire what person of worth resides there ; and remain with him till you depart from the place. And when you come to a house, thus salute it, Peace be to this house. And if the family be worthy, let your peace attend them ; but if they b« unworthy, let your peoce return to you. And wherever they will not receive you, nor hear your words, when you withdraw from that house, or city, shako the dust from your foot. I assure you, that the condition of the land of Sodom and G"ni..rr«l, Will be more toierobJe, on a day of trial, than the condition of that city. f It - ■i MATTHEW S HISTORY. 53 Remember, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves. Be, therefore, sagacious as the serpents, and innocent as the doves. But beware of these men ; for they will deliver you to the sanhedrins, and will scourge you in their assemblies of magistrates; and you will be arraigned before governors and kings, on my account, to bear testimony anxious how, or what you shall speak; because what you should say shall be suggested to you, in that very hour. For it is not you that shall speak ; but the Spirit of your Father who will speak by you. Then the ZTZ^T ""If'^" *^' •"■°**'"'" '"^ ^^^'^' 5 •'"d the father, the child ; and children will arise against their parents, and destroy them. And you will be universally hated, on account of my name. But he, who per- severes to the end, shall be preserved. ^ thn^"ff Th '" '^^^ ''*'"''"*^ ^"" '" °"« "*y' ^y *« «»°ther ; and from that, ,f they persecute you, take refuge in another ; for in truth, I de- Jri ..r"*: "' ^"" ''^^' ""* ^^'^ '""''^^'^ through th. cities of th«t t r'n Z'^'^V^"''^ ^" ™*^*«'-- '* " «"ffi«i«"t for the disciple hlo u7^u ^ " '"" '""''''•' ""'^ '''' ««'•-"* - '- --ter. If they :T::t:'zrr' -' ''- '^'^^ "^^'-^-^ ^ '- -«»• — ^»- However, fear them not ; for there is nothing concealed, which shall not be discovered ; nor any thing secret, that shall not be know. What I commumcate to you in darkness, publish in the lid.t • and what IS whispered in your ear. proclaim from the house-top . Be „" afraid of those who kill the body, but cannot destroy the"^ ,iste„ce gel enna. - Are not two sparrows sold for an assarius 1 and yet. not one of hem falls on the ground, without the permission of you Father ndeed, even the hairs of your head are all numbered. Fear not. tl re" fore; you are of more value than many sparrows. Moreove every one who shall acknowledge me before men', him will iZollZ. fore ml / '".^ \ " '" '""'^"- ^"^ '" ^''" «'-" '«-"'- ">« be- S m7l?i\"""""'*' '•''" k''^'"''' ™y Father who is in heaven, to ;!na . ""'"^ *"* ^""« P*""-" *" t*"" J«nd 5 I came not to send peace but a sword. For m, coming will place a man at vnri nnce with his father, and the daughter with her mother, and the 121 - ter..n-law with her mother-in-law; so that a man's ^nemie wil bl found in his own family. He who loves his father or mo ho" more ban me. is unworthy of me; and he that loves his son or daughtc mo e h« me, 1. undeserving of me ; and ho who ,loes no, take hiJ cross, and fo" low rne IS not worthy of mo. He that preserve, his life, w.l Zo it • ami he .hat loses h., Hfo, i„ ^.y ,„,.,,, ^.„ ^ ';««'» J receive you, rcc.vcs me ; and he who shall receiv., ^- "fJ;! L? " taai -eat me. Ho that entertains a prophet, because "ho .s a propi.r will obtain « prophet's reward ; and he that entertains a r.ghteouVr.; I I 54 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. El. I I, ^'', "i." m the name of a r.ghtcous man, will obtain a righteous man's reward. And whoever shall impart, in the name of a di. ciple, a cup of cold water only to refresh one of these my humble followers. I assure you. that he will by no means lose his reward. And it occurred, when Jesus had concluded his injunctions to his twelve disciples, that he departed thence, to instruct and to preach in the cities of the Jews. ^ Further. John having heard in prison respecting the works of the Messiah, sent two of his disciples to say to him. Art thou he that is to come ; or are we to expect another ? And Jesus answering, said to hem, Go and relate to John what you have heard and seen; that the blind receive their sight, and the lame walk; the lepers are cleansed, and the deal hear ; the dead are raised, and joyful intelligence is pro- offeTe ''* ''""''■ ^""^ ^"^'^^ " ''^' *" ""'""" ' ''"*" "°^ P''""« "» And as they were .leparting, Jesus proceeded to say to the people concerning John, Wh„t went you out into the wilderness to behold? A reed shaken by the wind ? But what went you out to see ? A man rubc-d ,n .soil raiment ? Recollect, that those who wear fine clothing, are in royal palaces. But what wont you out to sec ? A prophet? indeed. I say to you, and one more excellent than a prophet. For this 18 the person, of whom it was written. Behold, I send my messenger be- fore thy face, who will prepare thy way before thee. I assure you, that among tlu, entire human race, there has not arisen a prophet greater than John the Baptist ; yet, the least in the kingdom of heave,,; is su- per,or to h.„,. And from the days of John the Baptist till now, the kingdom of heaven is forcibl;- assaulted, an.l the assailants take it by violence. For all the prophets and the law continued to instruct till John «,,peared. And if you are disposed to receive the .leclaration, he IS Lhjah who was t<. come. Let him hear, who has ears to hear. 1<» what, therefore, shall I compare this race. It is like children sit- ting ,n tlu. place of public resort, and calUng to their companions, and ««y.ng, We have played to you upon the pipe, but you have not danced; we have sung mournful anthems to you, but you have not lamented, lor John rame, abstemious as to f.a.d and drink, aiul they sav, He has a demon. The Son of Man rame partaking of food and drink, and they say, Behohl, a lover <.f bnn.|„etH and wine, a friend of tax-gather- ers and sinners. But wisdom is vindicated by her works. Then he began to reprove the cities in which tnost ..f his miracles had been wrought, because they d.d not reform. Alas fi.r thee, Chorn- /.n ! ,.lns for thee, Bethsaida ! for if the miracles, which have been per- formed m yo„, f,„d been done in Tyro and Sid„n. they woul.l long since have reformed in sackcloth and ashes. Therefore. I say ,o y.Vu. the condition of Tyre and Sidon. on a ,lay of trial, w.ll be more tolerable than yours. And thou. Capernaun.. who hast been ..«,.lt.., .„„ wilt t>o brought down to hades ; for if the miracles, wlurh have I »een MATTHEW'S HISTORY. 55 wrought in thee, had been performed in Sodom, it would certainly At th!t1r; 7 " ' f '"''• "'" '^ "^^^ ^"'^-''^^ *han thine. O Fatler Lord orh" "7"°" *° ^"^' ' ^"^'^^'^^ — -^^h thee, thiLs frorn H T ^"f. '^'*^ ' ^^''•^"««' '•'^^'"^ ^""'^^aled these «e It thUB, U Father, since such is thy pleasure. All things are deliv ered o me by my Father ; and no one. but the Father, knows the Son" nor does any one know the Father, except the Son, ind he to who ' he Son IS Pleased to reveal him. Come to me all who suffi and ar^ heavily burdened; and I will reheve you. Take my yoke upon you ad learn of me for I am condescending and humble fn heart7and7:j r'rde'us h;':.'""^" " ^""^ ^'^"'«- ^- -y y^^^ ^« -^. and ^m; At that period, Jesus went on the sabbath through the grain • and his er^NowTe h"'''' ""' '^^"" " ^"^^^^ ''^ '"« of'grain andt eat. Now the pharisees, seeing this, said to him. Behold, thy disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the sabbath. But he repHed to werT'hunrvrhor,""' "'"; f ^^"' '"^' "'*«" '^ -^ »>- -- ^« were hungry ? how he entered the house of God, and did eat the bread of the presence, which it was not lawful for him to oat nor for tl.n!. who were with him, but solely for the priests ? O. h ! in the law th«t n.« • . .^v /"^^ "»« priests 7 Or, have y(.u not read on 111 Jh , ''"'f '" *'" '""''''" "'«'»*« *»'« '««t t« he observed Z« tt t ' T r '"' ' ''"''"^ ' ''"^' ' ''^y ^« y-. that one greater hau the temple is here. If, therefore, you had known what this mea„« micent . for the Son of Man is Lord of the sabbath. A.H having left that place, he proceeded to their synagogue : and be hold, here was a man who had a withered hand. And Vhey thus nues usThii:";; ; ." "^"f" *" ^"'^' "" *'»' «"'••-»" ' -th a design t^ac; cuse him. But he said to them. What man is there among yZ who sra t'z:" r '"" r " "' - ''- ^"•"-'^" -^" - ' -^- -<'' tberlf!:! , , '"'" "'" " "'"" K'-«"tIy surpass a sheep? h jg therefore lawful, to d., good „„ the sabbath. He hen says to he ma. ;n whom my sou. is delight:"?':.;; t;!! ^i:;! i':^ ;;;:;r"z:! tious, nor clamorous; nor shall any one hear b.. v..i..„ ;„ ,... ..." " he w„i not break a bruised reed. «ud the dimly burning taper hJ wllj 5G APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. 1$' And the nations will not extinguish, till he render his laws victorious, hope in his name. Then a blind and dumb man, a demoniac was hrn..„Kf ♦ t he.M u„, „„. .He H«„, .„, ,„„, „-• ™ ^-;f- ^-, who .11 .he p«,pl. were a^onished, „d said, I. a„, thi; ,he C of iavidi subsist IVour ;<• ♦I. ^ lamuy, wnere such dissensions are, can torn ht I u I"'"^ "^'* °"* '^' adversary, his kingdom is torn by divisions ; how then can it be sustained. Besides, if I ^hro^^h Beelzebul expel demons, through whom do your sons expel theml Therefore they will decide against you. But, if it be by Ihe S^Tt of God that I expel demons, then the dominion of God h.!^f ^nexS tedl, appeared to you Moreover, how can any one enter the sS^S house, and plunder his goods, unless he first bind the strong oLS^nd tholh ^ .'" "°' ^"h me, scatters. Therefore I say to yTu' though every other sin and detraction in men may b^ forive^ -C' their detraction from the Spirit will not be forgiven. EvenTwi; Z veighs against the Son of Man, may obtain pardon ; burwhoeUr "haH how can you that are evil, speak good things 1 since it I frL the 'over- flowings of the heart, that the mouth speaks. A good man from ll produces evil. Be assured, however, that for every injurious cxures Tent rt r"*: """' ^'''^ ''"^" ''' ^•'^'^'^"^'^'^^ on'aiay of>^; ment For by thy conversation thou shalt be acquitted, or by thy con versntion thou shalt be condemned. ^ ^ Some of the scribes ar-i pharisees then interposed, saying. Teacher we wish to witness a sign from thee. But he answer ngfS to them' A depraved and dissolute race of people demand another sig;. b To «.gn shall be given them, except the sign of the prophet Jona" . For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the body of the great fish 1 pie, and cause them to be condemned ; for th.y reformed when tllv ::;: Th?' '^'Tr •^"^^•«'-'^---hingUtcrtha:ta 'i^ rf- MATTHEWS HISTORY. gy »ay,, I .-illCJ' , "t ' ™""« P''"' ' ''"'■ »»• «"»"- wen, out to ,„w ; nid whi " he 1 ' ' "^"''^' °'""''''' "■« •°™ .he road, and th; hird.tte'LTde'Zre'S Zm" "'ITl' '"'d '"" "^ on rocky ground, where tl.Pv 1,„ i . , ,^* "'^ °*^*" dropped vegetaJ^\ecau.t:;^:7n^d r;^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^ ;,»^«^ f -cliaTel, risen, they were scorched- and. „ ' ""^ '"''"" *''« «"« i'^d «o.„e lodged among" .trs.' aTd tie"'^ " ""'' ''"^ ""'^"^^- ^"^ But others feJl on fer e land an . 7'' 7"'' ''"^ overpowered them. -me sixty, and som t "thl Leu"" T^ ""'' "" '""^^«'^' -'^ audience. ^ '" ^^^ '"■" ^''^^ ''«« ears to hear, give mittedto\mdersta„dt err,"^^^^ them, i„ reply. You are per- not thus privileged For hril \ ^"^''"'" "*^ ''"'"'*'" ' '"'* ^^ey arc Httle. For this reason, I sneak to .1 \. '^'^"'^'^ ^^'«" »'' ^^^' lessly overlook what heyTee V^^^ because they care- what they hear ; so thaf Z' ""'"^nt've to, and regardless of which anLunc . You mav Ir/t7 1 '^"'^'' '' ^"'«"-' '" ♦'-". -ay look, but wU „ ,::^ f "VoT.;'' "7"' ""* understand, you i^ stupefied, they hear Ta i rwith t^e arl T'f "'^ "' *'"" """P'^ ey«8 ; 1-t at any time, seei.f/w h I "''Ht'nately shut their ears, an.i comprehe d rw.th h • 7'':""'^ ^'''""« ^''^ '^'" »tcps, and I should S. m Butt" ' '^ "'""'' ^^^'"'^^ *''- nee, and your ears, since Uu^yrear F„ .'"^ """ ^""^ "^''' ""'^'^ *''«^ phets an,l righteo .. meVlZ T , '"" '" ^""' »''«* ""'")' P^o- hold. but never .„" 71" .'"1V^^^"•«'^ *" «- »''« ''"«»» which you be- but have no, honTd tW ' "'" '" "'"' "'" *^'"*'' *'' ^'»'''' ^«" »"<«". 8 58 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Attend, therefore, to the parable of the sower. When one hears the doctrine concermng the kingdom of heaven, and disregardrit the evH one appears, and seizes that which was sown in his heart Thl T p ajns what fell by the side of the road. And that whth drop^/, Z l^iZ ' ''"'''' u " ^'•°' ''^^""S '"^^ ^«'d' receives?at firs" shorttr'V '"'u ""' i?""^ '' '"^^^^ '" ^" ™"^' «t-- it onlya short time ; for when affliction or persecution comes, in consequence ll T ;.' 'T""''^ •■^•^P^^" ^"^ *»•-* -»»«h lodged amongbr" ers, denotes that hearer, in whom worldly anxiety and delusive wfahh jointly stifle the word, and render it unproductive^ But tt twhirfeU on fertj^e land and produced fruit, some a hundred, and somelixtv a^d some thirty fold, denotes him. who not only hears aid regarl, butXs He proposed to them another parable, saying. The kingdom of hea- Zi^Z: t™P"^V° " '^"' '" "^'^'^ *^^ P-P-*- had sown good gram ; but while people were asleep, his enemy came and sowed darnel Tfor h ti: '' ".' '^r^'- ^"'^ "^«" '"^^ "^de germinated and put forth the ear, then the darnel also appeared. And the servants came, and said to their master, Sir, you sowed good seed in your field whence then came the darneH And he answered. An evil man tas' done this. And the servants said to him. Do you ^ish us toT and weed It out 1 But he replied, No ; lest in weeing out the darnel vou also tear up the wheat. Let both grow together tUl the harvest? a J" the time of harvest, I will say to the reapers. First gather the darnel and bind It m bundles for burning ; but carry the whelt into my barn And he proposed another parable to them, saying. The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a grain of mustard-seed^hich a man Took and planted in his field; for though it is one of the least of all seeds yet when It IS grown, it is larger than any herb, and becomes a tree o that the birds of the air come and construct their nests on its bran hes He then addressed to them another comparison. The kingdom of heaven resembles leaven, which a woman taking, mingled in three La sures of meal, till the whole fermented. he t^^wht nem only by parables : and thus was accomplished that which was uvu .ed by the prophet Asaph, saying. I wUl discourse in parrbles and will disclose things that have been concealed from all antii ' Then Jesus, dismissing the people, retired to a house ; and his disci- ples approached him, saying. Explain to us the parable of the darnel in the field. And he answered and said to them. He who sowed the good seed, denotes the Son of Man ; the field denotes the world ; the good r„s 'Tr"V "T "'*'" '^'"^*^'^"" '"•^ '^' darnel represents the 3ons of the evil one; the mischievous man that sowed it. indicates the adversary; the harvest illustrates the conclusion of this state; and the reapers represent the messengers. As therefore, the darnel is collected, and burnt, so will it be at th« nn,.ni..»w». ^<- u.:. _._._ „,. „ I K- >n St a le i- ». 11 d s MATTHEWS HISTORY. 59 ^rsellranH*^' messengers, and they will gather from his kingdom nirnfT ^"? »'"*i'"tous persons; and wUI consign them to the fu^ wm th. ^"^^'/^^'t -'» be lamentation and gnashing of teel Then f1 r' tT : T^'^"'^"* ^' **•« «""' ^« the'kingdom of TheTr Mori .^"l ''''° ^^' '*" ^'^ ^^^'' Siye attention. Further, the kingdom of heaven is like a pearl of great value whTch J,T^ ■"""■''«'-■ Have you understood all tKe,o thing, , Thoy an- -vrerod h.™, y,., i,„j. „^ ,|,^__ ^^^^^ them, Every 1.1^ therefore, instructed in the kingdom of heaven i. Ilk7 . i. ifi ' who produce, from hi. ,re..ury'„ew thTngsTd ^M. '•<'°«"«"*'- he dtlrZree: "■" *" •"'"' "" «°»"""'«' "^ "'-■"'»".. que„'::rLrt''red4'! "°* '■"'^"™ ""^^ ™""'- "-• " — At that iwriod, Herod the tetrnrch hoard of the celobritv of I..,. and .Old to hi. .crvnnts, Thi. i. John tho Bunti.i L , '^ / ?' dead, and therefore miracle, are Xform^dThlm For",? Tk"'." ^ =«'>Y'^-f, sum, uive u,e here, in a basin, tho yet, from n re- h«ad of John the Baptist. And the king was grieved 60 APOSTOLIC PllODUCTIONS. i.. .nd dep„t;: intita ?eZ'" '=°""'"*' """' "^ '^'^ ""<■ '•"'^-' And when evening approached, his disciples came to him savinir «el'^^nH""'"''''r u^' •'''"' ««n«trained his disciples to enter the ves « man, .. ,„„eh.d i,. wer/,eCd. ' "" '"" °' "" """" = •"" '4 le- ad :ht ed e, m Yy ir ?. le ss n e i 8 1 3 MATTHEWS HISTORY. eldZTiJ^Z I ''"P.''^ "^'^'^'" *'^« traditionary precept of the ZuTh y urt^ditl^ Fo^Gotr^'^^"'' the eo.™a„d.e„t of God. f„*i,„ J'""r iraamon f j""'' ' and such poZe ; man vTf T !'"' °"°""'' ™"» f'™ ">e heart, murders, "iii-l^ er?orn,^ ;/rtre;t'rr."r ""!""°- "'"*"'• These ore the thin,), wl,i,r n . ' '«'mome», calumnies. hands, doe:!;:t'rSr",t im^p!r ' """ ' """ '° "" *'"- -"-"■»- «ar '3 h'eCrtr^'r^'strar "■- t'-- " ''^" -- and exclaimed to h m, ZT Have °°°" ''°"' "'"" '"'"""»• i)a.id,m, daughter Ts'tZ:fd ";;;:. r.;,:" ■"Bitf '"d '"" °' ?»';: itpornJi'L-'r r™"''' "■;- --"^ "«-;* rhi: her daughter ;afr.tantf;i;e.;ed. ""' ""■' "" ^°" '■ ^^ """ ' «■■'' And Jngna. urUI><1-«.~: << . and a.ce„di;;g.hr-r:i-j;-;^^^^^^ 63 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. came o him having with them those that were disabled, Wind, dumb mutilated and many others in distress, whom they laid at the feet of Jesus, and he healed them ; so that the muhitude were astonished when IbJ^dtrldV^'t'?"^""^^"^'^'^^ ™"*"^*«^ restoredXS^: Israel. "'^^'^"'' ^"'''''' ^°^ '^^y Pr^««d the God of Then Jesus, having called his disciples, said, I feel a tender commis- eration for this people, because they have now continued whh meTreJ days, and have nothing to eat; and I am unwilling toXmSs hem fasting, lest they should faint by the way. And his discipbs a d " a crowd ? And Jesus says to them. How many loaves have you ? And SeTo ;iarrh "'' r '^" ^'"^" '^''"- ^°^ ^« commandeTthe mul- loaves Id thV fiT" '7°i'' ^'•°""'- -^"^ ^^^"^ t-'^- the seven loaves and the fishes, and offered thanks, he divided the loav^ «J gave them to his disciples, who distributed them among he peol ^n b ^K "? """^ P"*^^"' ""^ "«'« -t-fi«d, they gfthered' seven M hand-baskets of the redundant fragments. Now those, who had eaten were four thousand men, besides women and children M^i ""'k '"^ *^« multitude, he embarked, and sailed to the coast of Magdala; where some of the pharisees and sadducees repaired who to try Jesus desired that he would show them a sign in the sky Bal weZrir'tr';"' *^*'^"' '" '""^ ^^«»'°^' ^- -^' ^* -^" be fa^r tLav ^ol t. J ^ '' 'f ' ^°^ ^"^ ***' «*^^"^"^' '^'^"^ ^i" be a storm o^ay, for the sky is red and lowering. You can correctly determin" the appearance of the sky ; but cannot discern the signs of the time" A VICIOUS and sensual race require another sign, but no sign shJbe hTdVi: '^'''' ''"^ ^^^" '' ^''"^'^ ''' p-p'- ^^' '^^^ttt: «r„ ..^? Je«"« /aid to them, Be very cautiously on your guard against the leaven of the pharisees and sadducees. And they convfrsed among themselves, saying. It is because we have brought no bread But Jesus perceiving it, said. Why do you surmise among yourselves, O ye of feeble trust, that I speak thus, because you have brought no loaves Do you not yet comprehend, or recollect the five loaves of the five thousand and how many baskets you filled ? nor the seven loaves of the tour thousand, and how many hand-baskets you filled ^ Why do you not perceive that I spoke not to you relative to bread, in guarding you against the leaven of the pharisees and sadducees ? Then they understood, that he did not command them to beware of the leaven of bread, but of the doctrine of the pharisees and sadducees. When Jesus was approaching the border of Cesarea Philippi, he thus questioned his disciples, Whom do men declare that the Son of man is? And they replied, some affirm, John the Baptist; but others, Elijah; and others. Jereminh. nr one ^e tu., u^^^ ¥»_ . "'_ . .» _. ... ,.,^. j„„j,„ci=. nv says lo tQeui, liul MATTHEW'S HISTORY. ^3 i^t said t h S"^' '''' ^°" •^^ '''' "^'"^ ^°'^- ^«d Jesus answer! wig, Baid to him, Happy art thou, Simon, son of Jonah ; for no human I Z r T"''' i?^^ '"^ ^°"' ^'^^ ™^ ^^^'^^ -•><> - - heaven. AnS tha ir' IT'?."* '^°" *'* ""™«'* P«*«^' *»»«^ -' Stone, and on that very rock, I will build my church, and the powers of hades shaU not overthrow it. And I will give you the keys o'f the kingdom "f he" ven ; and whatever you sanction on earth, shall be confirmed in heaven • and whatever you absolve on earth, shall be remitted in heaven He' Ine thT^ ^'^T'J'" '""P'^^' *^^^ '""^y ^'^-'d "«t disclose"; an^ one, that he was the Messiah. ' From that period, Jesus began to communicate to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem, and endure much from the elder and chief Th^Tdav rndP^; ^"' '^^'"^"' and that he must be r^d on the H^ltnT ^"^P^*^'-' interrupting him, began thus to protest t. him : Heaven be propitious to thee, Lord ! This shall not befall thee Bu c.: TZVay' t ^«^-' ^«P-/™- -e, opposer ! you are an obft ! cle^n my way , for you do not discern the things of God, but those of ance'Tet* Wmtnt'','" """'P'"' ''""^ °"« "'" *'°"« ""'J- -7 guid- ance, let him entirely renounce himself, and take up his cross and follow me. For whoever would desire to save his lifr ^Llii ?' . whoever will lose his life, for my sak^slaU fi'^dt ' tr what Lt" uZ Cwhl; wot:;'''"'' T^^^ '''' -'^'' --''^ -'^ forfii?! r the S^n If M I """ '''^"'' *^ ^^^ ^' * '•^n««'n for W« Ufe ? For ther nf T ''"^ T' *'''"' **'°'^ P«*«^' «"«J Ja™««. and John the bro- T,i T^ «""' and his vestments were dazzling as the li^hT aZa • ° '■""' '" "" ""o- "" '"« Son of Man slioll have risen ■ 64 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. fron, the dead. And his disciples inquired of him, saying, Why then do the scribes assert, that Elijah must previously appear ? A^d Je us M marked, in reply to them. Elijah, indeed. mLtTome first, and wU Z ElHai ha'r f *'"^^ '" preparation. But I affirm ^youtht Ehjah has already appeared, and they did not acknowledge him, bu them m r T P'r^^r" *'"" "'" '^« «- °^ Man'suff from ioh^-the Bap'^:^ """'' '*" '^ ^^^'^ " ''^- ^^'"^- »^ And when they had reached the multitude, a man approached him tr ii:VT„r'r'"^' 'T' ^«™™--^« ™^ -' aTh:t afflict j mtli lunacy, and suffers greatly; for he frequently falls into the fire and frequently into the water. And I presented hL to trd^scipiel' but they could not restore him. Jesus then said, in answer, otcTedt lou and perverse race ! how long must I remain with you 7 how W must I tolerate you T bring him here to me. And Jesus reprilanded The disciples then came privately to Jesus, and asked. Why were we "nbehef ; for .„ truth, I inform you, that if you had no greater faith than a gram of mustard-seed, you might say to this mouLn. emove Tnl fLing "' ""' '""""' " "°^ dispossessed, except by prayer Now, while they continued in Galilee, Jesus said to them, the Son of l^r andir \u' ""!,"'"•'' *" ^'" •''^"^^ «^--' -d *hey will kd iy grieved! ™'"' "' ''" ^'"^^ ''^^- ^"^ ^^^^^ — «-«-di„g. Moreover, as they arrived at Capernaum, those, who collected the ^xes, came to Peter, and inquired. Does not your Instructer pay the d.drachma? He replied, Yes. And when he had entered the\ouse Jesus thus anticipated him, What think you, Simon 1 From whom do the kings of the earth exact tribute or custom ? from their own sons, or from others? Peter says to liim, From others. Jesu. declared to hm lS^V"\ ""'t ''^''"P*'^' ^"* ^''' ^« «'>«"Jd offend them, gj to the lake, throw a line, draw out the first fish that is hooked ; and having opened its mouth, you will find a stater ; take that, and give it to them, for me and you. ° At that period, the disciples came to Jesus, saying, Who now is the greatest in the reign of heaven 1 And Jesus, having called a little chd^ rlTJe T^" "'^r'\''™' '^"'^ ^^•^' ' «««"->'-' ^»-* -1«- you Lwdomofh ""'wr ''" ''"'^ children, you will never enter die luSf cWld hr"n . ."' ''"''*'"' ^'^^'^ '^^*^™« '-'"We like this little child, he will be the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. Indeed whoever shall receive one such little child fn my name, receives ile.' t X MATTHEW'S HISTORY. ^ But he who shall tempt one of the least of these, that believe in mp fn penZri.: ::r '?r ^^^^ '^'^ *•-* ^" -p^- iltr ;::!: mIs for L ' u"'' *'•'' ^' ^"' P'""^^'^ •" ^'•^ ''^Pth of the sea. Alas for the world, on account of pernicious examples ! for allure- oTnr;;red "t 'their t ^'r t-' '--^ -'^- ^^^ -- «^ offend cut them ff l^^'^^^"'"? ' ^''^^ ^""d or thy foot cause thee to enter ifecrt^.;' ^"^ 'T I*''™ ^'■°™ *''^«' '' '« better for thee to ca t into tir T "; «'"''^' I^'" '^"""^ *^« ^^"^«' - *^« f««t, to be cast nto the perpetual fire. And if thine eye tempt thee to trangress on tnCZt : '^°™ '^'^ \ '* " '^"^^ '^' ^'- *" enter irS rIL 1 . "^^ ^^^' ^° •'^ consigned to the gehenna of fire vnTr; ?k'*-^"" ^"^ ""* ''^^^^ «"« «f ^^- '-«* of thes'e ; fo^I apprise fhe fl ' f T'"''"^ ""^^"^^'-^ •" *^« *>— . ince santly su'rvey recover the lost. What are your views? If a man have a hundred gous assembly, and then, if he disregard that assembly, let him be o thee as a pagan and an extortioner. Indeed, I announce to vou thl^ whatever you determine on earth, shall be confirmed "%««'«" • and whatever you rem.t on earth, shall be absolved in heaven. tion tT' ^T^ ^""l". '^'^' '^ ^^'^ "^^'^^ °" «"th shall concur, in rela- t.on to any thing which they shall request, it will be performed tr hem by my Father who is in heaven. For where two or three are as sembled m my name, I am there in the midst of them. pHlt r ' '^PP'"''^'^^*"? him, inquired, Master, if my brother repeat- edly trespass agamt me, how often must I forgive him i Must I seven times? Jesus replied, I say to you, Not oJy seven times but eZ whnl7 T'i'7 ' -^ '"""''''■' ^'■*"' "'** indulgence, and 1 will pay the whole. And the master of that servant was melted with comp'a ssion^ i J 41 PI (i6 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. and discharged him, and surrendered to him the debt. But that servant withdrew, found one of his fellow-servants, who owed him a hundred denarii; and seizing him by the throat, demanded, Pay me what you owe. And his fellow-servant. falling at his feet, thus entreated him ; Be indulgent with me, and I will pay you. But he refused ; and del parting, committed him to prison, till he should pay the debt. Now his fellow-servants, perceiving what was done, were deeply afflicted, and repmring to their master, disclosed the whole transaction. Then his master, having called him, said to him. Iniquitous servant, I acquitted you from all that debt, because you implored me. Did it not become you, also, to compassionate your fellow-servant, even as I commiserated ^n^K ... "'*''*'''■ '''°' 'n««n««d, and delivered him to the goalers, nil he should pay all that was due to him. And thus will my celestial brother ''""^ ""^ °^^*'"' ""'"* *^"'' ""*' ^'''"' *''^ ''*"*"' ^"'«^^^ '»« And it happened, when Jesus had closed these remarks, that he de- parted from Galilee, and entered the confines of Judea, near the Jordan. Aiid many people followed him, and he healed their sick. Then some of the plmrisees resorted to hiin, and trying him, asked. Is t lawful for a man to divorce his wife for every fault ? And he said to ihem, in reply, Have you not read, that at the beginning, when the tvreator made man, he formed a male and a female, and declared. For this cause, let a man relinquish father and mother, and adhere to his wite ; and they two shall be one person ? In truth, they are no lonirer two, but one person. What God, therefore, has united, let not man disjoin. They said to him. Why then did Moses command to issue a precept of divorce, and dismiss her ? He replied to them, Moses, in- deed, permitted you to divorce your wives, on account of your intract- able disposition ; however, it was not thus from the beginnii.Lr. But I say to you, that whoever shall repudiate lus wife, except for inconti- nence, and shall marry another, is an adulterer; and whoever shall marry her that .» repudiated, is an adulterer. His disciples said to lum. If such be the situation of a husband, in relation to his wife, it is inex' pedient to marry. But ho remarked to them. They alone are capable of hving thus, on whom the power is conferred. For there are persons of subdued desire by natural conntitution ; and there are those who were rendered in.potent by men ; and there .^o others, who have'urac tised self-restraint, in the cause of the kingdom of heaven. Let him perform this part, who is able to do it. They then presented to him y.Ming chihlren. that he might place his hands on them, and pray [for themj ; and the discij.les reproved [those who brought] thoni. But Jesus said, Permit the littln rhildrcn to come to me, and ,u.f j.rohihit them; for of «»cl. is the kingd..m of heaven. And having ]>ut hit hands on them, ho departed thence. And behold, one appr.mcliing, said to him. Excellent Teacher, what !au„ab.e thing shall i peiform, that I may possess eternal life ? An.l r> 4 MATTHEWS HISTORY. ^ exceltn^bulTh^'''^ r T ^//r'""'^ ""^ ^*^^"«"* ' ^here is none life keel' th« 1 ^'^^ '^' '•°^'^^'-' ^^^ "^'^ ^'^P^^^'' *« ««t«r that ans'wer S *''^f'"7f '"«"»«• "« anked him. Which 7 and Jesus thus ?athl ^ V f"""^' "°* '*•"*'' *^"" ^^^^'^ "«t t««»'fy f«l«ely ; honor thy father and mother; and thou shalt love thy neighbor as thUelf The chin? T I"' '° '"•"• ^" ^'"«« '"J"-*'"- I J^-e obeyed from my childhood ; what do I further want ? Jesus replied to him, If you won d l>e perfect, go. sell your property, and distribute to th ^oor^nlyou «^.a11 have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me. And h^you^g man. having heard tins proposal, departed disconsolate ; for he had ex- tensive possessions. Jesus then said to his disciples, I assure you, that it will be difficult yon. that It ,8 easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle But 1 7 J""'' ^'""''^ astonished, saying. Who then can be savld ? b^ t wrr tTr'"' "•' ^" *'^'"' ^"'^ •"- *»- - ''"practicable but with God all things are practicable. anrrlu '"'T.r*'' '".'"'"' '" "■''"•■"• ^"''"''^' "« '»*^« abandoned all, and followed thee ; what reward shall we therefore obtain ? And Jesus emarked to them In truth I declare to you. that as for you who hZ o lowed me, in the renewed existence, when the Son of Man slmll 8.t on his glorious throne, you will also sit on twelte thrones nresidn.^ over the twelve tribes of Israel. And every one who C re'linqiU h J houses or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or chUdre hi. •::::;::. nr" -^ --^ "^'"^' -"• --^- ^ "-^-^ ^-'^^ -•^ ^n- Moreover, many shall be first, that are last ; and last, that are first. ^ or the a; m,„.«tra..on of heaven will resemble the con.luct of the master o a family who went out at the dawn of day, to hire laborers for Lis vineyard. And having contracted with some laborers for a denarius a lay. he sent them into his vineyar.l. A.ul going out ab<,ut the "rd hour, he saw others standing unemployed in the m'arket.p.aco, and ^ them. Go also „.,., the vineyard, and whatever is reasonable. I wil J?.ve you ; and they went. Further, having gone out about the i«h and ninth hour, he did in like ■nmiix.r a„ i . * ,.rf^l. iw.nr I e . . 'irnnner. And g<,ing out about the eHv- erflh hour, be found others unemployed, and inquired of them. Why do Whatever is re.onabi;:;3I "^^ t. ^ J : J^l^f i t proprietor of the vineyar.l said ,o his steward. Tall the labo er and g.vn them thcr recompense, fron. the last, regularly. ,o the fir Ad •.;?.::":^.r" "'"""J"« «•--«»' '-- -..ved. L. one. a denarl: .. _ „„, ^ j,j..,^ expected that they should receive more ; and they also received, individually, a .lenanus. Yet. on receiving U, they H»-' 60 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. |i - ]•'>" . ^i^. «" my own ? Is your eye envious, because I am liberal t Th„rT T lem; and the Son of «.„.. u u 1 ,"®'*"'^' ^' « proceed to Jerusa- Then the mother of Zebedee's children came to him with . and prostrating herself, entreated that he would Zt 1 r r' ""!' And he said to her, What do you wish 1 She reTed to "nm r 1' that in thy kinirdom onfl «f t).»p« . replied to ium, Command, hand, and' the tth ' aT hy 1 'r B^ut 7" "T ^'"" ^' '^^ ^^"^ "^''^ know not what you reaue r„ ?' "'''''''"'^' '" ''^PJ^' You drink 1 Thy answered 1 m w' '''" 'TY^ "' ''" '^"P' "'"^'' ' «'-» paDsion, touched their «vp« . ..« i .1 i "•"*'t^" witii tender com- ihcy followed him ' ' "^ *'"" "^''' "'" '"-'""^'^ '-">'«d. and If MATTHEW'S HISTORY. ^g IndTcoIt w^\r '7' '^"'/'" ""' im-ediately find an ass fastened, and a colt w.th her ; loose them, and lead them to me. And if any one «end them. All this was performed, in accordance with the following declaration of the prophet ; Proclaim to the daughter of Zion, behold your king comes to you, meek, sitting on an ass, (namely, thecl of a abonng beast). And the disciples departed, and did as'^iesusl ected them and brought the ass and the colt, and put their garments on hem and they placed him upon the colt. And a very grea^ muItUude spreTd' thejr vestments in the road; and others cut branches from theTreen and scattered them in the road. And the crowds of people preced^T David'^y H^"r': ^^^'^^'"^•^' ^"^"'^' «--- '« *'e Ton of David ! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord ! Hosanna m he highest heaven! And as he entered Jerusalem, the who" "1 wa in commotion, asking, Who is this 1 And the m.lti.ude answered This IS Jesus, that prophet, who is from Nazareth in Galilee werfJnT' ^T"^ u'" *""P^" "^ ^''"^' '^"•J «^P«»«J «» thoKe who were vending and purchasing in the temple, and overturned the tables of he bankers, and the seats of those who sold doves ; and proclaimed to them. It IS written My house shall be denominated'a hour:™ ye but you have rendered it a den of robbers. And the blind and lame came to him in the t.mple. and he healed them. And the chief .hert! and the teachers of the law, viewing the wonderful things wh he accomphshed, and the children exclaiming i„ the temple and sal. "rrst'htf"""','''^^^ ^'''^ exasperated, arts'^uesToS bun. Dost thou hear what these proclaim? and Jesus replies to them Yes have you never read, tl;at from the mouth of infants Ld nursl nTs! the i vto bT"""'' r'^' ' ^"'^ '^'^^•"'^ *'>-^' '•« ^^P'^rted from the city to Bethany ; and passed the night there. xMoreover in the morning, as he was returning t,» the city, he was hungry; and seeing a fig-tree by the side of the road, he came to it and found noth,ng o„ it except leaves ; and he says to it LetTer^be them I asH..r« v... ;<• . ^"*'"' ""' «'«•'"« annwered and said to nein,, assure yru, .1 you have an unshaken faith, you will not onlv 1-rform Jus miracle of the fig-tree; but also, if yo, should ay toTw^ mountain, Be extirpated, and cast into the sea. it will In, effected ind wlnjtever you shall implore in prayer, duly confiding, y^: tcete H mered the temple, and as he was instructing ,'he cl f H ." oi t:^,:;^; '" 'T t^^ " '""" "••i"-"*^. % what au/.:;^ uosi tnou perform tbrs,, Uungs f and who empowered llien 1 A.»i i from men 1 A.., I .1 i~ '*"i- "Hi xn uonn r wui. it from God, or Iron. .„«„ 1 And they ,h»s surmised among themselves. If wo re,.ly' 70 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. I?' IT gard John as . p^phe^ Td I^L^ttl """/S 'w 'h'" "" know. And he dedarod to them Nei,h„ 1 , ' .''''^' ^'' ''° ""« authority, by whieh I perfo™ ,:;« ttog: ™'""'"°«""» "»'»•■ "■« .or;t';Iet;.:;;:^:^s;iT^;lh^zr*"°'°"^^ But he replying, declared I will not • w T ^' ""^ Vineyard. :x.e.or.„ire:„Ter,;,rn«rdrr.'''"'d"".'' "•" '"^ "-«'" yon did not .fte™„ds repe:.::,d Wi.™ hi.""'' """ ^°" '"" ""»• .e..,ns them, e,ee„ively scourged one, and drove a™ trier "'h ..ne., „„d ntnrdered another. Again, h. ,en. other L an In^ e honorable than the ,r„, and they treated them in a simila way Id he Anally sen, to ,„em In. son, saying. They „,11 reverencemy tm Bnt the occupants, seeing the son, said among themselves, Th.™lZ he,r ; come, let us kill him, and forcibly detain his inher ance aZ takng b,m they cast him from the vineyard and slew ^r wit„ therefore, the proprietor of the vinevard returns what w I ...J . those occupaut. . They reply to him', He wil^dr 'adtn; de rJ; tC "111 render l.;m the fruits in their seasons. "'vators, who Jesu. says to them. Have you never rend in the scrinlore. A , corner ? Th.« wn« ,he (.pernti.m of the Lord, and it in a«to,u«hi„V in our «j^ht 1 Whoever ^hall fail on this «tone, will he hn.C „t^^ hin on wh,u„ u shal fall, it will crush to pieces. For this caus^T Lsm o you. that the k„.gdo„. of God will be taken from you, and ien to the Gentiles, who will produce the fruits thereof. ^ ce.ved tha he alKided to them ; and were desirous to arrest hin but they fearcl the people, for they esteemed him as a prophet Jesus proceeded, and further addressed them in parables, remnrkin,r The kingdom of heaven may be assir.ihucd to a cert,un king, who Z those, who had been invited m tfan mnn-u^^ i .i. „ . ""•gTr-, aim iiicj rcIliSCa to uOilltt. MATTHEW'S HISTORY. 71 .wi"j t .Ti "i'^u' '"'''*"*'' '"^'"^' '"^«™ *'»««« ^h« have been invited, behold. I have prepared my dinner ; my oxen and fattened sheep are slaughtered, and all is ready ; come to the festival. But they, disregarding .t, departed, one to his farm, and another to his mer- ttem R ^l i T V^T '"'^'^ ^" ^«""»*«' ^"«»^*«d, and slew them. But the king himself, hearing of it, was indignant, and sending his military bands, destroyed those murderers, and burned their city He then says to his servants, the entertainment is indeed prepared, but hey who have been invited, were unworthy. Go, therefore, to the in- tersections of the roads, and as many as you find, invite to the mar- riage. And those servants went to the public ways, and assembled all that they met, the evil as well as the good; and the hall was furnished with guests. Now the king, entering to view the guests, discovered there a man not clad in a marriage-garment ; and he says to him, Companion. si^eTit T^ T u' ""V,''^^'"^ ^ marriage-garment 7 But he was feet t„U T- ^"^;i " "^^ '° ^'' •"^""«'" °^««"' Bi"d hi !.ands and leet .take him, and consign him to the outward darl ness, where will be weejung and gnashing of teeth. For there are meny invited, but few At that time, the pharisees withdrawing, consulted how they might ensnare him in discussion. And they sent to him their disciples, S the Horodians, saying, Teacher, we are conscious that thou art t^e and teachest the way of God in fidelity, and dost not partially egTrd any one . f thou lookest not to the appearance of m'en ; ilrTu ' IrTo 7 B :T ' """™'"' V '^ " '""'"' '"^ '^»^- ^"'^"^^ ^« Ces" or not 7 But Jesus, perceiving their iniquity, said. Why would you eii- tangh. me dissemblers 1 Present me the tribute-money. And thev reached him ac.enarius. And he inquires of them. Whos'e rep^es^' tion and inscription is this t They reply to him, Cesar's. He then rejoins to them. Restore, therefore, to Cesar, what belongs to Ce «r" and o God, the things of God. And having heard this, they were con' founded ; and leaving him, they departed. ^ .nil*" ";«i^day ♦!.« sadducees, who deny a future state, came to him and said. Teacher, Moses commaruled, that if any man shouhl Tn without offspring, his brotl.r shall marry his widow aLraie ^^: to he deceased. Now, there were with us seven brothe • ITthe first, marrying died ; and not having children, left his wife ^. is br.it ll f 1 ""'" n" t\"' '" *'" '"^"^« •''•^'' therefore, ^bose wile of the seven will she be T for they all married her A„ 1 1 .^pyin,, „b.e„e„ „, .he™, Y„„ „. ^.^S"!:!^:,,,'',^ X .. ,„r ,l,a mnaculo,,. ,„„„ .,f «„j. f,,, ;„ .^^ J ^ " ^'P ~Z7':; «:."'„"''"""'■ '" "-""«»•'»" "■> ". "... -icS 1 1 "' "■'' """' •'^=i".".;injif rne ruiure existence of thnan »>■<> .ra dead, ..„„„, „„ „.. God of Abraham, .„d iUoUTu'^ h! ! I t ! . M 72 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. M doctrine. ^ ^ ''^^"'^ **''«' ^^''e astonished at his the law, questioned him IT ^ -^ ^"""^ ""^ °^ ^^^""^ * teacher of hi.n,Thou Shalt love the Lord Ty God t^tiTlIt^f '^""'^ *** Th,y ,„.4 w™Th tHf dI^L T ' "i'T '°"^''°'"'' "» •» ' David, by iMDira inn ..» k u , ? "'" *" """"• "»»■ O-™ ■fws allentively reTrdaaTnT. rP ""■ "''"' "'«»««! 'herefore, P-rfora. a,, ,h,i. ^'tC Ilve'd' ^^yZ ""i: ^T' ^"^ T' extend the breadth of their <*rrnuJ 7 ™f " • *««" this purpose, they .argents, and love ^ :!z :::^^ Xi::^7iz^'z f ''-'' c.pa seats in the synagogues, and saLations Tn 1^1^;,!^^^^^ to be denomuiated by men. Teacher, Teacher. But as f r vl ' not the title of teacher, since you ha;e only one TeacJL I ^' "T"" man on the earth your father, for he alone is your p!;. ^ "° MATTHEWS HISTORY. yg mak; oath'lVbf fhX """7'"'°",'!;.'' «■"" ' ^"O "»• »h° 'hall oath by Ae2riJti,«T:,l f "° "J"""^ ' ••"• '"'• "■■» '"■■>" n,.ke ...nding and p^Zti™ "foTJ^I V " °''"*"'°''- ""'^ »' ""-i- ft aim perception ! tor, wluch is more sacred, the saprifi^c «. »i, altar that consecrates the sacrifice. Whoever thereLT V n' by the altar, makes oath by it, and by aU tWnV /' '^fK'"'^^' Alas for you, scribes and pharisees, dissemblers! for you nav thp T./TT J^'^^.-Justice, mercy, and fidelity. You ought in and injustice. Blind pharisee ! first cleanse the^nterTor of trfcup and dish that the external part may likewise become pure. ^ Alas for you, scribes and pharisees, dissemblers! because you are precisely like whitened tombs, which indeed appear, outwardly bea^t? xius 1"'^"' "'/"" °' *'" '""^^ ^' *'- ^-d, and^^^l^tp^ty" Thus also you, in fact, externally appear richteous to m.n .""P.""*^- nally. you are fraught with decepUon and dlfhone'y "'" ' '"* "*^'- Alas for you. scribes and pharisees. dissemblers ! since you build th« sepulchres of the prophets, and adorn the monumen s of the i^i « ^ bus protest. If we had existed in the days of our fathers weV^.d ^ have been their confederates, in the murder of the ;rZ;tr You thl the prophets. And you will accomplish the measure of your father- 'roT^etrf -' '''-'' ' '-'- - ^- '- ^'-^ --p-^« ^^ Behold I send to you prophets, and wise men. and instructers • and 8ome of them you will kill and crucify ; and others you will scou ' -^ your synagogues, and banish from city to city • so tlL „n ti ^ bl..od. whi^h has been shed in the .«.!d m:;^;a t ^n y t' Z:Te Wood of Abel the just, to the blood of Zecl.ariah. tl^son Ba achilh whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar, "n tTut . j allege to you, that nil these things will befall this race of men ' thls";rto'ti:;'lf'T"'"r' ""^ f^^^'^^^ *•" P^^P'-^^- «"d stonest i rZ T .' 7 ^'''^'''^'^y ''"Ye I wished to assemble thychil- dren even as a bird collects her young under her wings, but ye refused- Behold, vonr tflin»l« «,;ii k« i„ a j kinXTrdTeridit'?:"'- '^-r "°"°- """ '^"«''- ■•^■■" in fa,io„; pt aT heJ .rroVv'lrf T' '"'" '""-""'"'"• They will then deliver von UD to ^m' , ""'f"''"" '" "'«"'i«e«. y.u „i,, he de.e«ed h;a7nZ„* TTZCtfl^'y tT TJ "h" And thi, joyfuitte";:!:;: xr;dr:;Godti,Tt''' -'^'r"- ..r^r"" "r"!'""'' y" 'I-"" »« "tationed on sacred ground that d. « " ttnTtro";':h'" """"t ?^ °''"'" '"= .•'»■*"''«:«':; in those day, ' Im„r„ ! f """°"' °"'' '" ""='' '« 'ntpart nouriahment Winter, nor^o'n the^CZh ''r't 1' ZlJ':^;^ ""' '^ '" '"« rinieT:i;rr:tr r rf - -^ •'" -- "° - --: r":r^L':rr'-'"'-»-^^^^^^^^^^^^ not . or hehoM, he „ .„ pnvale apar.menl. ; do not relv noon , P «- .l.e l,gh,„,ng e,„„rge. front „,„ e..,, „„d ;xhihi;:',::u:t;re;e,;-,o rt^' MATTHEW'S HISTORY ^ from heaven, and the ceirstLrn. nZ^'^^'' ^"'^ '^' «*«" ^'" f«" the Son of Man «in ren r earTH " '' '''''"• ^"^ '""^ «'g" ^^ the land will mourn and JC ^^^^^^^^^^ T' *''" ^" '''' ^"''^ "^ of heaven, with po;er an^ Xy ILT:T'V'1 -^'^ ''''''' ger8 with a loud-sounding frumof and tt n '"""^ *"' "'"^««"" from the four winds, fromC^rrL^l of L^ ""™''' '"^ ''"'" Moreover, attend to this mus r^^^ ^ u""^"'"' *° *^« °*her. branch is yet tender, and pLf^rhT" " ***' ^^■*''^^' ^h«" ^'^ is near. And thus, ;hen you sha^ „!'"'' "^"n T """^^ *^"* ^"'"'"^r that he is near, even at the doot TTl * *'*''" '^"'^'^ understand will not pass Iway" tHl all I ; ' 'l^ '"'^' *" ^'^"' ^'^^^ *»>'« ^ace eajthma},,.,,i;;;:;;4trS^^ «— and heav::t^r:eT,:irt\rr^^^^^^^^^^^ n'^-'^ ^^-«"' -- -- *'- in the time of Nolh, so" w^^ul h. '' ^'' '"""' " ^'^PP^"^^ of Man. For as, in the amltv '''''" T "'' Warance of the Son entered the ark, hey tere aS^/rd'^^^ "'" ^" *'" '"^ ^'^^^ ^-J' in marriage, and coLZe^o? ^iHhtT/^^^^ '""'^•"^' "^"^ ^'^^"'"^ all away; thus will it also be a^ 1^^ retur„ J/'T' '1 '^'^' *''^'» men shall then be in the field- nL uu ^""^ °^ ^«»- Two escape. Two women Iha.f t gr „d,„ 'a^^^^^^ ""'^ ^'^^ •^^'^^ -» and the other left. grinding at the mill ; one will be taken, known at what hour of the „ It l^'' f / ''"' •""'*" °^'''« ^^"""Aad watched, and not permitted ifs ho. Tl "°"'' ''""'^ ""' would have always prepared ; ''sinr:V:i:rwle^^^^^^^^^ '''^«^^'"^^' ^« ^« of Man will come. Who indeed / V. ? "''' "^P"'"^' *»•« ^on whom his master has aZo'i Ih ' " ''^'^*"''^"' «"'' P-vident servant, food in due seasonT H Zy tl^L" T'"^'''/° ''^P'^"- * " ^'>- arrives, shall find thus enX ^ In T l^ iT "^ "^•^«^^^' -'-" ^e will establish him over all 1. « L Jl' ^'""^'"'"^ *« ^ou, that he who shall say in ^:::Z:^^Z:Z.^ " ^" "'^ ^*^^""« '— ' to beat his fellow-sorvants nndTr . Y '""^ ' '^'"' «»>«» ^egin ate ; the master o, ,hlt se^a" t w 1 'T"" "'''' ^'^^ •"*-"!-- pect him, and at an l.ou f- ? icT Lr! " "^ '"^ "*"«" ''« ^'-« -^'ex- and assign his allotment w th t .« « . '"'"'''''' ""'^ ^''•" '''^^^'-d him, gnashing of teeth. "'' Perfid.ous; there, will be weeping and five of thi .ere P^^r^dl^^ " r ' " '^•^'^^^^"'"- ^^^ careless, t"-'- •• ■ "^e their lamps, but carried were no oil with them. The prudent 76 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. however, besides their lamps, took oil in their vessels A„H .u br^egroom delayed, they all slumbered, and Zl ^Z Bufa U/ night, there was a great exclamation. Behold the bridP^rf depart to meet him ' Then all thnc. • ™'' ^''^ bridegroom comes, lamps. And the Leless said to the ""T.T"' '"' ^'''''''''^ ^^"^ our lamps are expirinT Z tJ! *^%P™d«"*'.«»^« "« of your oil ; for lagc reasi , and the door was closed. Afterwards th« ^ti,^. • • .0 S:™.s..z™r:sr;i'; '""«"'»- "^^ » ■•■«. ■■■'•° -.ending his effect. A^j.^u'* *"' """ "»""""• M'J Mvered to them .no^t :,,ef"o e ritfr *'\"'""' ''"=' " -""«'- '™- ""■"" diately denur ed Then .^ K ^ .. ' "'f''"" ""Pwit-V. and imn,e. t.£w&:^\^;- Tad ret ." '"""''"^ "^'^ *'^ *"^' "''^^'-^ *-° ™-e. Bu le who tert mo? T'/'T' ""^ '"^ '" '""^ «"*h, and concealed lUsJat ter s money. And after a considerable time, the master of th.l fiTLd' ^"' r^' ^^' '''-■ '^^e- herwlTadfe e-rd Tj five talents, came and presented five talems more, sayine Sir vnn T ta^rts Vd\'" '^^^"^^' ^'^"^'" ' ^-« adde^tTthL fiVrotht talents. And his master said to liim. Well-done ^onH ««^ T servant! you was faithful in a limited ^h re I wfu 1 ve vo« 'a'" * "u w Sn™frfonn^nidT;^:^rx^^^^^ ^^-"'^^ --'■ portant station ; partake in the fe^fV^^tas ir ThLTo t who had received the single talent, advancing, declared ; sL, I klw you, that you were a severe man, reaping where von Hirl V J Z gathering where you had not scuUered : aL L ngTrril T^T; "' and hid your talent in the ground ; recollect, tha^ you hat yTu ow^' vant, did you know that I reap where I did not sow, and gather .vhere I have not scattered 1 Ought you not then, to have deposifeT!; money 'rto outwar f d ' l^" ' '•'''""■ ^"^ """^" '''' unprofitable ser- vant to outward darkness ; where will be weeninir nnH .„ai:„„ .f .„,..,, I -c s ""'6 "i ivciil. he id- es, sir br to if- e- le IS in MATTHEW'S HISTORY. 77 Moreover when the Son of Man shall come in his glory, attended by all the angels, and shall be seated on his glorious throne ; then all the na,ons shall be assembled before him ; and he will separate them from each other, even as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats ; and he will place the sheep at lus right hand, but the goats at his left. ed cWldren Tf "^ 1""°""^ '^ '^""'^ °" ^' right-hand, Come, bless- ed children of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you, from wasth T i'^' ""'' ' '''' ' "'^^ ^""^^^' -•* 3^- g-« -« food™ I was thirsty and you gave me drink ; I was a stranger, and you enter Ted r ' T "" "''''• '"' ^'^^ ^'"^^^^ ™« ' ' -- -^j^' -d "oT::. Tn r.! \ T' '" P"'"""' ^"'^ ^''^ "'^"^'^ ™«- The righteous will then reply to him, inquiring. Lord, when did we see thee hungry, and feed thee 7 or thirsty, and give thee drink 1 and when did we fee thee a stranger, and entertain thee 1 or naked, and clothe thee 1 and when did we see thee sick, or in prison, and repair to thee 1 And The ^t answering, wiU affirm to them. In truth. I remind you. that Ice yot He will then also declare to those on his left-hand. Depart from me ye execrated, to the continual fire, prepared for the adversaryTd ^S messengers : for I was hungry, but you gave me no food ; I "I thLt but you gave me no drink ; I was a stranger, but you did noTentrafn' me ; naked, but you did not clothe me ; sick, and fn prison but "ou 2 not relieve me. Then will they also answer. inqufZ. Lord' "he"* have we beheld thee hungry, or thirsty, or a stronger, or naked tlick or in prison, and did not reUeve thee 7 He wilUh „ sa7.o th ^'f reply I assure you. that since you refused it to one of the least If thJse you have refiised it to me. And these will depart to perpet Jal correc tion ; but the righteous, to perpetual Ufe. ^ remaled toTs"d'' "^l'" "v" '''' '^""^'"^^'^ *'"^ d'^^--' ^^at he beT feas of I ^ ' ^"" "'' '^^P"^*'^' *'»^* ^^^^ ^^^ days will be crucified. '"""'' "^' *'^ ^°" "'^'^^ ^'^ ^^ -"-^ered to About this time the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders of the people, assembled at the palace of the hijrh nri^.t «,., Caiaphas; and consulted by what stlS iTr "''"'/"' Jesus, and destroy him. They obs rv d Kve "LTdt „?^^^^^^^^ tival, lest there should be a tumuh among the people "' ^'^ '"■ Besides, wl n Jesus was at Bethany, in the house of Simon formerly a leper, a wo.aun came to him. having an alabaster box of ve"; valuable balsam, and poured it on In. head, as he was at tahlp iv ^ ^ -0 .ae ,„o, »..K.o„7.„r„r;V;L;r::;T4.'rrr/p:j:; APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS a co„ve„ie„, „pp„„„^,^ ,„ .:;,:r„t; Jest "" '""' ""«" "'' -S"' ".ea ,„ ea, the poscLaT upL; It," r'* """ 7 ">°"W P'ep"e for person i„ ,he 4, and nfor „ him 2 .'"r'"'' ''° "" " '"""™'"' crucifixion i. near • I J."'Z, t f ""'"" '»^"' The time of my n.7 disciple.. An"d\L X * did f 7'T!.' " '"'" '""■»• ™^ ■hey prepared the passovrr '"' '"^ '""""■' '''e" ! '"d you will surrender me Tnd it "J^ '"'"' "■ J'""' "■»' »'« »f i"diWd„all,, ,„ .*rm,L"rd.tf,?Tdf ?"="""• '""^ '»^''»' one, wliose hand is in the dish wif J.™' . "* Miswered, The The Son of Man i, alr^ I „."" fie :" " ""' '™''" °'=- respecting him ; but alas for iha, !° . ', *° Mripturo declare, be surrendered i, wouTd have L ' "'T*''"'" "" «°° "f "an shall been horn. Judas, 1^1^ 1 I; /l' ""' '"°"' " '"' '»'' "»' Teacher, is i. M iesusTe^^ed ."o t 'm Tis'"" "- '"'""' '" "-"• oo.:=c^:r!ritrtr:Xr--;;«-r^^^ Te^n r,.r;a;^;ttt r rr- "^'reTUt blood of the new e^vena^ ' wldeh i, ' "I " ' ''°'' ""' «'"■"''"" "r the removal of sins. Zt Tit , '^ , '"" ^"^ ""■"''• '" "laHon ,„ "ot drink of this p„j„„, „7, ,f4 ° ^-. *"'. from this period, I will uew with you, in the kingdom of mv P„* 'I' ^f " ' ''"" """'' " wiH. the psalm, .hey depaftedrthcTnoul of Olt '""'"' '"°'"'""' re^n'ce' : metr :il'° ^rt'-""""" "^'^'y "' *- ". and the sheep of tl,': S;irh '1;^" '^^^ TT """""'• Will precede you to Galilee But p'^^*''^'^'^- *«*' ""er I am raised, I «houId commit offence whh re.pecUo V" "P^\««^"-^ »" '-»- If all Jesus said to him. I assur^ortt^ "' '" "^^ '^^^^'^ °«'--- trumpet shall sound, you wiH thriop V '""^ "'^'"' ^'^*^'"*' ^ ^'^t^'- Though doomed to d e'^'tlT hee "v „o'""" ""n f '^^^ '^^^^^ ^« ^"-. all the disciples made .nllTJlZT''' "" ' ''^""" ^'•««- ^"«^ «a.;::;^i^;::r. •n:::^;:;,:^ ^— -^ wuh him Peter and the t.o ^o^or^^CZZ^.J^::tl Ul- ler ief ht to >r ir y h i I f t I MATTHEWS HISTORY, yj, flicted, and to be overwhelmed with anguish. Jesus then says to then,, wntch with me And proceeding a little distance, he fell on his face upphcating and saying, O my Father, if it be possible, let this cupTe' retuined to h.s disciples, and finding them asleep, said to Peter Is it thus, then, that ye could not keep awake with me one houf Watch and pray, hat ye be not vanquished by temptation. The spirit indeed Teldtltt' ^"*r '^'^^^'^^''^- I">''^-anner,dC;t;ng^e for me ^f I ''7f- TT^' ^ "^ ^'^*^"' '^ ^'^^^ ^« no exemption for me , if I must drink this cup, thy will be accomplished • And X7e;T1'i'\'"'^''^™^^'"^'^^P'"^' for their eyes were ote r' pe Z ihe . "' '^P"'^' "^""' '^"'^ ^'^y^^ *'- *hird time, re- o them Do T' "^''" "' *'^" ''""'' *° ^'« ^^^P^-' -^ ays to them. Do you continue to sleep and to take rest ? behold the hour stUr a'^"V'^ Son of Man must be delivered into S halds o a^rlihed "' '' " '^'^""'^^ ' '^'^"''' '^^' ^^« -"^^ers me. has Now, while Jesus was speaking, behold, Judas, one of the twelve nrs'e:rb7r:t ^ ^ '^^^^ "f"-'^' ^™^^' ^^^ --^^^ -^ "»t' delive ed LL , ''"''''' 7' ^"'^''^ "^ '''' ?««?'- And he, who whZ I sh«^ T ^'T ''^'"^ " ''^"'^'' ^'^^i"^' He is the person ir J/'^^", ^'««'/PP':«h«"d him. And immediately advancL to Je u '.tdTo r r""'' ^''^'^"' -d repeatedly kissed him. 'b^ Jesus said to him, Compamon, against whom are you come ^ Then TnTtr^M '"^ '"' *'"^ ''^"^^ «" •'--' --^ --ted him! And behold, one of those who were with Jesus, laying his hand on ear. Jesus then says to him, Return your sword to its place • for all day with you, instructing in the temple, and you did no a;rest m AM this, however, was done, in accomplishment of the w"tll of tt" prophets. All the disciples then deserted him, and fled. ' ''' nlifs'Ihrb''. ^''" ^"'^ apprehended Jesus, conducted him to Caia palace of the h gh p^Ls! and h"" ™ "\ " ^"^'^"^^' «^*^" *« *'»« tendants to see tt result.' ' ' "''"'' "'^ ""'"^ ^*^ ^^^ -»- falfeT.;?lt"';""^'^'/"' '"'«^«'-d *»- -hole sanhedrin. sou.h. did no7fiJi?th^l^;" ""'"'' '".'*' *''^ '"'^*'* d««*^":^ '"'"5 but they find ,t, though many perjured witnesses appeared. Ultimately M ! : f ■■ I IH: 80 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. two false witnesses came and testified thnt li« „iiests. ^rkil; he money, remarked. It is unlawful to place it in the na r 1 . t? b cause It IS the price of blood. An'« -^^— oo wliom voice, re.i„,;a"i ';;;;;,, "' •'"""■ ""™"^ '"""" °«'"""«'' -"■ ■• '-^ reM rrect.o„, entered the holy eity, and appeared to n.any. Now Z , L <"'''le«, to serve him; a.non^ them -vere Marv Mn.rdHJ,.n« zl!!:7 ''' '"""^^ "^'"""^^ ""^ ^-' -^ »'-• ".ottTrtJllZr And in the evening, « rich Arimathean named Joseph, who also wa» .nkZ; t^e t . " "••"T"''*"' ♦'•« '-''y »" •»'■ d^-'ivored. And Joncph. tnk.np the hody, wrapped .t in pure, fine linen. ««,! laid it in his own ne.v tomb, which he ha.l excavated in the rock; and having I. , ! gre-U ..one to the ..oor of the sepulchre, he depar'.e, A^ ^.. "'m ' da eno was there, and the other Mary, sitting opposite the toml!.' ' priestriTh! '."•'• ""' "'"'"t''^ ""* "^'^'"' l-l--'-". •>- chief r. Irct Tl l»''»nHoe8 convened before Pilat.., and su.d, Sir, wo re- collect that th.H nnpoHtor declare.l, wh.le living, W.thin three lys I on cv 1 ' '"•■• '•"' ''" ''"'^■'''-^ «'"'"''' «"'»-• clandestinely tor th.. Ia.t unposture would he n.ore perniciou. thai, the f.r„. IM...J MATTHEWS HISTORY plti:^*a ^:T' ""^ "'' "^"^^'^ '*' 'y -'^""^ ^^« --. -d a,. Moreover after U.e end of the week, as it began to dawn towards the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary we^ o v s' t e LTof ;r- T "f ^'■''' '*'"'^ "''^ « «^^"* earthquake';!" a r «enger of the Lord, having descended from heaven came and ralZ back the stone from the entrance, and was sitting on it S u was hke lightning, and his vestm'ents wirirsL^/' An^tl^X the angel said to the women, be not dismayed • for I know fuT seeking Jes„s, who was crucified. He .7n„t'h r IrTe t r^;: Z he predicted. Come, see the place where the Lord lav A A . atelygo and inform ^i. disci^le«, that he is rit from thf de^^^^^^ "^hl:-:^:: -;-------- see .1^^.^ And instantly departing from the tomb, with fear and irreat in. .. ran to .„f„rm his disciples. And behold. Jesus met thefn y fg IZ joice. And approaching, they prostrated themselves before iZ'f^ embraced his feet. Jesus then said to them, Be not alarmed d^'n^^f d.rect my brethren to repair to Galilee, and they wil ttrTsee'me ' ' (And when they had gone, behold, some of the guard eXrm. the c.ty, ...formed the chief priests of all that had happred An H liav.ng assembled with the elders, and held . consUti ' I' Ihe eleve., .l.sc.ples then departed for (i«lilee to th« ,LL. i Jesus had d.rected them. And having Hcer I .m the offi dT" T'" age ; though some had doubted. And Jesus Zrltl ? , . """ .erve all things wh.ch^Cll!:: ^^irr i:^;^;^' " ^'- potually with you. oven to the conclu-ion Jt^il stale ' ' "'" '"'" THE HISTORY BY MARK. •nessenger before thy face, Iho iaH ' ^ '"""f '*' ^'''"'•*' ' ««"d my exclaiming i„ the desert, .rl^L't^" ^'^P*^? *> ^"^ ' « voice of one direct. John was accord r/L^?:'^" 'f *'^«,^-d. ™ak« I- paths •"S the baptism of amendment Sfrt It'" "'"^'"""' -^"^ P"^""*'- country „f Jnjea, and the i Sitn ofT"? "' ""^^ ^"^' "" ^''« were all baptised by him in the rfver jf ^ '' " '"'"''''^ *" ^"»' ""'J -"«. Now John was cloth dicamt^if^' •'^'^""f'-^ "-^--"^ their about bin ,^aist . „^j , j !« , ''^7^' ' '"'"•• ^^ith a leathern girdle t'H- Prochumed One more '^^^^'7"' "''" ''"'"'>^- ^^^ '- whose shoes, I am not wor hy oToo j '"r"''' '"^' *''« «*^'»g "f l>apti.ed you with water ; bjrewiu'baT" '"'^ ""*"• ' '"^^♦'' '"deed. And it occurred, at that perld ha?'"' '"" ""''' '''' ""'^ ^'P'"*" ««lilee, and was baptized by' Jc m '„ the t"^ '""" '^^^ ^"'"r^*'' '" from the water. John saw tL fima „ nt V ""* "^ ^^ "«-"^«d <'ove descending upon him. And tZv ""'"'^' ''"^ ^'''^ ^^"''•'* ''ke a -^^a^. .he w.. beastf ;l;;^^ ^^IT t^-ir^-^ ^ -' ->-J>l-hcd ; and the dom 1. ?f G d La V'"^'' *"^"' ''"' '« "- «d« i" the joyful intolligenr. ' "''"'"'' ' ''«''"'•'»' '""' con- And as ho was walking about by the sea of Tnii u and Andrew the brother of Simon V„! '''""' ''*' ""''^ ^"""n. were fishers. And Jes, s said to h r^ " "'' '"'" *''« ^♦'»' «»r tlu-y yon fiHhers of men. rdird at.T' T" ^''" ""-' ""^ ' ^'^ '•""<'- t-uied b.„K And prol"!:; T ': ,;:'•"•'"-' •'"'^ ♦'"'"• -^«. they at- Zcbedee, „„d Johu'the brother oJa.nswr* ' "'" '""""^ ^'"^ -" «^ ".« their nets. And he .ns an Iv callld h """? '" " ^^-^'•'' i'^H^ar- Zobodeo in the vessel w tb the Led st ? ' T'"^ '''"""'^ ^''""- '"''""• And thoy went to Caper m urn 1 i'' ""^ "««'"»P""i«'J »nm. roctly to ,1.0 «y„„gog..,;i'^^^^^^^^^^ -bhnth, he n,.,.ire.l di- "t his „.ode of tcSin^rt le ta„!ht r '""'"' "'"' '"''' '••^^"'-'"'l and not as the scribes. *" ' *'"""' "' ""« ''"^ing authority, Now there was a man. in their synagogue, with an i. exclaimed, saying, Ah, Jesus of Na.areU Th' ''"■" "'""*' ^''" wuh us 1 hast thou come to .Icsrroy us^ . l "T'""""' ''""^ """' The Consecrated of God l.wH '"'' "'^*' *'"' tl.on art, "I OoU. And Jcaus repa.vintf him. «a.d. B„ -ij^,,/ MARKS HISTORY, ^5 and depart from him. And the impure spirit convulsed him, and crying mth a loud voice, left him. And they were all so astonished, that they hus questioned each other, What does this mean 1 and what new in- st uction IS this? for with authority, he commands even the impure r:,i:;Vftmer '"'• ^-^ ''- '''-' -^'^'^y --^^^^ ^^-«^ «» And immediately withdrawing from the synagogue, they went, with James and John, to the house of Simon and AndrTw"!^ Und't he ll^ in-law of Simon was confined with a fever, and they soon inform Jesus respecting her. And he came, and taking her hand, raised Tr and the fever mstamly left her, and she entertained them. Further, in the evening, when the sun was set, they brought to him all hose who were sick, and such as were possessed by evi spi its And the M nole city was assembled at the door And he ^.ealed Znv ^at were aftectej' by various diseases; and expelled many demons' and suffered not the evil spirits to allege that they knew him. And a leper cume to him, entreating him, and kneeling before him aiul saying to him, If thou wilt, thou canst cleanse me^ A„rje u ' saJto lim T U T'T'"\ ^^^^"^'^ ""' "'« "-^' touched him, Z Haul to him, 1 will ; be thou cleansed. AnrI when he had spoken the leprosy irstantly departed from the man, „„d be was cllrd A^ Jesus, having strictly enjoined him, immediately sent h m awl • t^d observed to him, See that you say nothing to any ..erson IhT 1' Z «ent yourself to the priest, an.l offer for your purificatL' ^LV commanded, for the information of the people. ' T fe 2^ l^weve^T parting, began to proclmm many things, a„d so ex.ensi ly to uW-I he occurrence, that Jcmis couhl no l„„ger appenr m.bbciv i„ .1. r:iT,r;;r """"- - """" '■'-" ■•-' • f^-"' ' «ii : 2 were nssemblcl, that there was no room to rcceVvo t Z " / ^ .1.0 ^oor; and he .a.igbt them the wonal:;!;^^;; ' '"" ''''" me?"A.'';^'b;:r; '" l"."' '"'"''"' " '"'"^'' '•« "«••-"• --'l ^ fn„r »un. Am, iH'iiia urnhle to am, . . )■ l-,...o ^ erow,l. they opeiH.l „ ..,,«„„„ T. '. •=""''«'1"»''"'« "f the . / V "•'**"'^*'' "'" lie was, through the roof III1.J In. down llie couch „'.\ w h-rh the paraivtie Inv iv i . ' * " "• - ' ^"* >""*^ """ «™ lorgiven you. But some u r i 86 APOSTOLIC I'RODUCTIOIVS. ■ ( of the scribes were aittinir thei-n o»j • this «„„ „,e such in^pioVs Xrg';^^ '^-ts. Wh, .loes one God . And Jesus, im„.edfatef; perc^Wn;" r "'"• ""^' ''"* ''^^ thus conferred with themselves said tnl^ X ^' «P'"t, that they things in your hearts 7 WWclTs tasiet ? ""^ '" ^'''^ '«^«'^« ^^ese sins are forgiven thee 1 or to com Landr I'^i '" '^' P^'^^'^t'^^' Thy couch, and waJk 1 But thlt you mav In" T''}' ""'''' *^« "P *% authority on the earth to foJyeZ7(lT-."'u' ^"" ""' ^'^^ »>- ™and thee, Arise, take up thy couch aid rlT '° ^''tP-ralytic.) I com- he instantly arose, and taking his co^cl" d. ? T- '^^ ''''^'''''^ ^"^ that they were universally amazed at^^^ '" ^''''''' «f *"• «o never saw any thing like this ' ^ ^'^'''^ ^«'^' «««««ing. We toi::^.tri::rurdtC zl^""' ''- r^ -^^^-^^e -paired son of Alpheus, sitd.g at the^axtffier'^f "'r^' '^ «^" ^«''' the And he arose and followed ^,;;"*-°*^«' ""^ ««>«i to him. Follow me. ^ou::::r:Z;t^^^^^^^^^^ -fre^hment in this man's with Jesus and his cUsciples I w.^l^'"'^ *''^'"««^-« «t table accompanied him. And whe, thesprih! ' ? t '^ ""™"™"«' ^"d they with the tax-gatherers Zpltj/Z^^^^ he eat and drink with these pu S exa"^, ^f ''^ h.s disciples. Why does having heard it, remarked to them ^^^^'^^^V^^ ««»«" ? And Jesus require a physician ; but t^os^ Irt^/cf ^T eous persons, but sinners "^^^ "ot to call right- and those of the pharisees fast but tlvH' f . '^ '^''^P'«« "^ ^^h". observed to them.' Can the b^- d^nT n Lf :;!; " ^^^^^ " ^"^ ''-- them ? During the time thev hav. T\ \ ^ bridegroom is with cannot fast. But the peri^ll^ Tr, ^',::iXT/'' ^'^"^' ^"«^ removed from them, and in tl.nt H„ w '^''''" '"^ bridegroom shall be P;ece of undressed ci;thl'::'l,tLt'.-»/^^^^^ ^" ^'^ -- « '«hes the size of the old, and a worl r! ' ! ^ ""'"^ !"«*=« ^^i"*"'" "cw wine into old leathe n botUes ^ [Tu *"''" ^"' "" '^"« P"ts ties, and the wine is spilled, and tl J lltT; T ^'"'^ ''^'^'^^ »''« ^^t- be put into new bottles. "''' """^ '^^^ ' ''"t new wine must ^a;^fa;;;r:::;ri.:;rr^^^^^^^ ti. sab. And the Pharisees sLl to E Lo^ 1^' '"^ «f''' '''' ^^'^ "^ gram, unlawful, on the sabbath T And he :b"i'' 7 ''? '""'^ ^**«^ ^'^'«J' •» read what David dul in his nec^ i v . ^'^ '" *''"'"' ""^^^ :^'>» "«ver hu.g.y 1 how he entered tirs^^^^^^^^^ *"^^''7, -h hm. were priest, ami did eat the loaves of 1.7 ' ""*^^' Abmthur the h,gh could lawfully e„. ; „.:; re: sf gr::irrs 't """ *'" ''- ""-'« Kuvc to those who were with him 7 MARK'S HISTORY. 87 And Jesus declared to them, The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath. Therefore, the Son of Man is Lord even of the sabbath. Besides, Jesus again entered the synagogue, where was a man, who had a withered hand. And the pharisees mahciously watched Jesus, whether he would heal the man on the sabbath, that they might accuse him. And he said to the man having the withered hand, Arise in the midst. And he inquired of them. Is it not more lawful to perform a good action on the sabbath, than an evil one ? to preserve life, than to destroy it ? But they were silent. And surveying them with displea- sure, and grieving in consequence of the bhndness of their minds, he said to the man, Extend your hand ; and he extended it ; and his hand was restored. And the pharisees having departed, immediately con- spired with the Herodians against Jesus, that they might destroy him. However, Jesus retired with his disciples to the sea ; and a great multitude followed him from Galilee, and from Judea, and from Jerusa- lem, and from Idumea, and from the banks of the Jordan ; and a mime- rous assembly from the vicinity of Tyre and Sidon, having heard what he had done, came to him. And he directed his disciples that a small vessel should attend him, on account of the concourse of people lest they should press upon him : for he had healed a great number ; there- fore, as many as had diseases rusher: towards him, that they might touch him. And the impure spirits, when they saw him, fell prostrate before him, and thus exclaimed. Thou art the Son of God. And he repeatedly charged them, that they should not make him known. Then Jesus ascended a mountain, and called to him such as he ap- proved ; and they repaired to him. And he constituted twelve, that they should accompany him, and that he might send them to proclaim tlie reign, empowering them to cure diseases, and to cast out evil spi- rits. Now these comprised Simon, to whom he gave the name of Peter- and James the Son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James, whom' he surnamed Boanerges, which signifies Thunderers ; and Andrew, and Fh.hi^ n"d Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Athens, and Tlmddeus, and Simon the Canaanite, and Judas Is- canot also, who betrayed him. And they came to a house. And so great a multitude again assem- bled, that Jesus and his disciples could not even take food. And those who were with him, having been informed ot it, went out to restrain the multitude ; for they affirmed, The people are mad. But the scribe, who came down from Jerusalem, alleged. He is confederate with Beel- ^ebul, and he expels fiends by the prince of the fiends. And havinir summone.! .hem. he remarked to them by comparison ; Huw can tli adversary eject the adversary ? And if n kingdom be torn by faction., hat kingdom cannot endure. And if a family be distracted by divisions that family cannot exist. Thus, if the adversary assail hmuelf. nn.l .J ai -,armnce, he cannot continue, but is near his end. No one can enter ^J 11 ,1 88 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ^^^'^IZ:!^^^^^^^^^^ P^-der .. proper., «„,. ,.e «r. «tate to you, that though a^o"heV'^ '""^^ '^'^ ^'°"««' I co„fide„t,v the Ho,^ Spirit, can never be pTrdtie/L ?• ^'* ^^'°«^«'- «haJl revile t^ansgre«s,on. [He «aid thi«, J be^e X ' " f^''^^' *" P^^Petual "'ith an impure spirit. ■• ^"'^ *^^^ «««««ed, that he was leagued ter^and mother. "^ ^°^' **'« ^'^-e is my brother, and my si' - -Y ^^^^^^^^^^^ -t ". the side or the Me, an. 2;- the lake ; and the whole a^em bl t r' """!.' ^ ''"''' ^^ -t in": A?d^rlr:^f,:7'-^--"^^^^^^^^ '"''' ^"^'^ ^^^^^• arose the sooU,t «! r.h^^^^ «" -onsideSe "o.f"?"; operated, it was^coXV ^^L"" " '?^' "' «^^^ "^"t wle /the su" part fell among bners, a,ul' tSe br IrT ' '" ''^"^' '* -itherer ^ duced nothing. But the r^ainderir "' ""f ^"''^^ '*' ^^ 't pro' frmt, nsmgand flourishing; so that / ^"°'' ^'""""d' ""^ yielded «-ty and some a hundred' And ' !" ' '^ '' '"'""' ''•"^' ^™ tengive attention. ""'^ ^'^ ^'^'d' ^et him who has ears to iTs! When, however, he had retirpH i • quested him to explain the ^S^'V^r""'^' "^^'' *"« twelve, re- parted to you to know the secret^tf thf ", ''^'"^ ^'^ *'-•»' 't is im- who are strangers, every thing VeLd "IT °' ^«'' ' ^ut to thoTe perceive what they look „t , "' parables ; so that thev A «U"f •<> thorn, do you „„, under, 1"!, '"' '"'give,, „,«„. ^ ^^ •he.r mind,, ,„„i„ i, ,,„, „ "■*'.«'" ', ><" "»■ h«vwg it rooted i„ occur, on „eeou„. „f ,,,„ "V""'' ''"■ "''en »fflic,i„„ „r persocutio^ -™. w.t., wer., e.„.«„r;e hXrrar'r ' .^"^ -"- in wiiom the anxious cares of MARK'S HISTORY. gg the good SZLmIT' "■". "''"'• •"■• " ^'""'" -nfruitful. But duoe it, fhii,,.'^ " "'°"° ""■° ■"" "■» »■»'■'. -"-i '«tai„ i,, and pro- be pven , b„. from" ki„ , J ^ ^^ ^J- ^^ h^. ^„e, „„„ „„, Will be taken. wiiich he possesses He accordingly remarked, Such is the kingdom of Gn.i „. v should cast seed into th„ „.„ j , . "'S°°'" "* ^od, as if a man wa.» .. da„ ra r ,td Et ^irit; A'z ,^zr • -' .t:::tfr ■—-• -= ".eiir; jit^^^^^^ - becomes grealnZ '„;' /riy pi*! '1 '! ■°"- f ^'■^' -" ..... the bird. „r .„e air Jay .;,:"2t fhado" '™ '"°""""' ^° out^a paraWe , ,„d he private,, e^p.^llut"; ;„'' ^1' XTe/'''" ia ..rve..e,,.aiM .aii^CiTx ::ar::iiri-f ^^^ that we are neriHli ntri a«j u > ^.b "ui concern thee, great e„l„. e,„„ed. And l,e ai tot e„ wr' ™ """'f '"' " How i, it that you have no tru.tV 4„ w! ' J"" '° "'"'•""'' ' eon.t.raa,ion, a'nd obJr'd t ac.. othe ' mr-'d"? '"'° ""''"' even the wind and the »a obe/b™ > A^i Iv ' ? ,' '.' ' "'" eoa., of the iaice, i„ ,be eountr/ofTbe gJ^.!! °'"'' ""' "'"'"•'•« ob':^ :,;': :ri;:ir„;:: ■^r ^-^^-.r -t h,™ rron. the .epu,. noae c™,id e„^«„rb,„;:;;-;.;;;L:;:T;hrL:.::::rp1;ed:' 1 i «L4)PM4«WJl) Jll|i,l|ij|| '"•*«"«*»«IP»Pi 90 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. m bound with fetters and chains, and had wrenched off the chains, and broken the fetters ; and no one could subdue him. And he was contin- ually, night and day, on the mountains, and in the tombs, exclaiming, and cutting himself with flints. Now, perceiving Jesus at a distance, he ran and prostrating him&elf before liim, cried with a loud voice, and said. What concern hast ihou with me, Jesus, Son of the Most High God ? I adjure thee, in the name of God, not to afflict me. (For Jesus had said to him, Depart from the man, impure spirit) ! And he asked him. What is your name 1 And he thus answered. My name is Legion, for we are many. And he earnestly entreated Jesus, that he would not send them from the country. Moreover, a large herd of swine was feed- ing in the vicinity of the mountain. And the demons besought him, say- ing. Suffer us to go to the swine, that we may possess them. And Jesus instantly permitted them. And the impure spirits departing, possessed the swine ; and the herd, consisting of about two thousand, furiously ran down the steep declivity into the sea, and wer' ^ %° . ^^ i/.x 'i w yfi APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. And Herod the king heard of him, (for he had been extensively pro- claimed) ; and he declared, John the Baptist is raised from the dead, and therefore miracles are performed by him. Others announced, It is Elijah. And others affirmed, It is a prophet, like those of ancient times. But Herod, being reminded of him, alleged. This is John, whom I de- capitated ; he is raised from the dead. Now Herod had sent and seized John, and bound him in prison, on account of Herodias, the wife of his brother Philip, whom he had himself married. For John had said to Herod, it is not lawful for you to have your brother's wife. Herodias was therefore incensed against him, and would have killed him, but could not, because Herod respected John, knowing that he was a just and holy man, and protected him ; and did many things recommended by lum, and cheerfully listened to him. At length a favorable opportunity offered, which was Herod's birthday, when he made an entertainment for his principal, civil and military officers, and other distinguished persons in Galilee. For the daughter of Herodias, having entered and danced before them, so delighted Herod and his guests, that the king declared to the damsel, Ask me whatever you please, and I will give it to you. Indeed, he made oath to her, I will give you whatever you wish, even were it half of my kingdom. And withdrawing, she said to her mother. What shaU I request ? And she replied, The head of John the Baptist. And instantly returning with haste to the king, she presented this request, I desire that you would give me presently, in a basin, the head of John the Baptist. And the king was exceedingly grieved ; however, from a regard to his oaths, and his guests, he would not refuse her. And the king, having inimedinlely sent one of his guards, commanded that his head should be brought. And departing, the guard beheaded John in the prison, and brought I/s head in a basin, and gave it to the damsel, and the latter gave it to her mother. And his disciples, receiving tlie inteUigence, came and removed tiii remains, and placed them in a sepulchre. And the apostles proceeded in "Company to Jesus, and related every thing to him, both what they had done, and what they had taught. And he said to them, Privately retire by yourselves to a solitary place, and repose awhile : for so many were coming and goirg, that they had no leisure even to cat. And they went privately to a desert place, in a vessel. And the people observed their departure, and many recognised him, and hastened there by land from nil the cities, and preceding them, collectively repaired to him. And when Jesus disembarked, he saw a great multitudt , and was moved with compassion for them, since they were as sheep having no shepherd ; and he taught them many things. Further, when the day had nearly passed, his disciples approaching him, remarked. This is an uninhabited place, and the time it far ad- vanced ; dismiss the people, thai they may proceci] to the adjacent country and villages, and purchase for themselves bread ; fur they have MARK S HISTORY. ^3 of two >,.. A ^°y"«y ^«*^«d 'i™. Shall we go and buy bread to the value Howl r 'T' ^"'^ ^'^ '^'"^ P^""«'«°« ' And he Hays to them' How many loaves have you ? Go and see. And having ascertained they rephed Five, and two fishes. And he commandedtLr ^ cause' all the people to sit down by companies on the green grass. And they arranged themselves in squares, by hundreds and by fifties. And tS the five loaves and the two fishes, and looking towards heaven, he praTse! God, and broke the loaves, and gave to his disciples, that the; might Z P nse to the mu ti..de ; and he distributed the two fishes amonf hem all. And they all d,d eat and were satisfied. And they carried awalj welve ful baskets of the fragments of bread, and of th^e fishes IZ they who had eaten of the loaves, were five thousand men. before to the opposite coast, towards Bethsaida, till he should send away pray' An'd wt """ '""'^".' ''''"'' '^'^ '''''^' *« ^ -«-t- *« pray And when evening came, the vessel was in the midst of the sea and he was alone on the land. And he saw them toiling at the oar T; the wmd wa. against them : and about the fourth watfh of the n'Vt^^^ he went to tham walking on the water, and inclined to pass them. B u when they perceived him walking on the sea. they fancied him" be a spectre, and uttered a shriek: (for they all saw him, and were dismayed) And he qmcKly conversed with them, and said to them. Have courage Used wl" '?"l'?'- ""f '^^'"^ «""« •^•'^-•i ^° *'■-. the wfnd for their t 7 "''*''"" ^'•" ""^^ ""'^ astonishment and admiration: lilt "'" " ''"^•''^'' *''"* '""^y "«^«' '«fl-ted upon the Now having passed over, they approached the territory of Gennesaret -diri'tx 1 1 f ^'^"/"^^ '^' '^'^ ''- '^^^^ the^nhabi:::: :: bilan tl r"""*'f^ '""'' °"d running through all the adjacent country, h ard hat ""^ 1 . "f ' "" '^""'"^' '" '^^'^ »''-« -»'"« they heard that he was. And wherever he entered villages, or cities or towns, tey laid the diseased in the streets, and entreafed'll h^^y And the Pharisees, and some of the scribes, who had come fr<,m Jem- c pie eat.ng broad w.th impure, that is, with unwashed hands. (For ho phnnsecs an.l all the Jews refuse to cat, till they have washed hei mads to the wrists, retaining the tradition of the eld'er ^Td e r„'l was 1.1 tro . I "' "'"*" "'" "*""*"'" ' - ^- — l>le. ~ 1 i.ere»ore, the pharisces and the scribes interrogated him Whv do tbv •hHc.ples disregar,! the tradition of the .!..„« Ia -1„ ""', !'^ *'V '''^ waahori iiniui. in. . . ' ' '^-^^jtc itrtia -.ran un- washed hand, 7 ||„ answered and said to them, Dissemblers ! Isaiah 94 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. justly described your character, when he declared, This people reverence me with their lips, but their heart is far estranged from me. They vainly affect, however, to worship me, while they teach as doctrines, the insti- tutes of men. For, relinquishing the command of God, you retain the tradition of men, such as the cleansing of measures and cups, and many similar pracUces. And he remarked to them. You absolutely frustrate the authority of God, that you may establish your tradition. For Moses said. Honor thy father and thy mother ; and whoever reviles father or mother, let him be punished with death. But you teach, that a man may say to father or mother, Let that be a pious gift, through which you might receive aid from me ; and then, you no more permit him to do any thing for his father or his mother ; disannuling the word of God by your tra- dition, which you have instituted. And you thus conduct in many other instances. Moreover, having again called the people, he said to them, let all lis- ten to me, and understand. There is nothing extrinsic to a man, which entering lUm can pollute him ; but the things, which proceed from a man, are those that contaminate him. If any one has ears to hear, let liim hear. And when Jesus had passed from the people into a house, his disci- ples asked him concerning the parable. And he says to them. Have even you, hkewise, no comprehension ? Do you not perceive that what- ever enters a man from without, cannot contaminate him ? For it enters not his heart, but the stomach, and ultimately operates to the purifying disposal of all food. But he alleged, It is what proceeds from a man, that pollutes him. For, from the interior, from the heart of man, em- anate unprincipled reasonings, adulteries, fornications, murders, thefts, avarice, malignity, fraud, sensuality, envy, calumny, pride, and folly. All these evils originate from within, and render a man impure. And arising thence, he withdrew to the country between Tyre and Sidon, and entered a house, intending that no one should know it ; but he could not be concealed. For a woman, whose young daughter had an impure spirit, having heard of him, came and fell at liis feet, (now she was a Grecian woman, a native of Syrophenicia) ; and besought him that he would expel the evil spirit from her daughter. But Jesus said to her. Let the children first be satisfied ; for it is not proper to take the children's bread, and throw it to the dogs. And she said to him in reply, I implore thee, Sir ; since even the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs. And he said to her, For this remark, re- tire ; the demon has departed from your daughter. And returning to her house, she found the polluted spirit expelled, and her daughter re- clining on a couch. And again leoving the borders of Tyre and Sidon, ho came to the lake of Galileo, through the precincts of Dccapolis : And thj-y brought to him one who was deaf and partly dumb, and entreated him thot he would put his hand unon lum. And Jesua^ huy!n'«d W" whether I ditwt r ^"^' ^:^^ """""^ ^ ^y*"*' »»« «"<»' ^ •«« »»««. whom L W-T!f J"'" ''"^^ •'^ '''''" ''**'^°«?- Then Jesus agai^ plac ed his hands on the eye. of the man. and caused him to look up ; and he was restored, and saw erery object clearly. And he sent him away to hw own house, saymg. Do not enter the viUage. nor disclose this to any one m the place. Moreover. Jesus and his disciples went out to the towns of Cesarci Fhihppi ; and in the journey he thus questioned his disciples. Whom do men say that I am 1 And they repUed, John the Baptist ; though some say, Ehjah ; and others, One of the prophets. And he says to them, whom, however do you anno«»ce me to be. And Peter answering, de- Clares to h.m Thou art the Messiah. And he charged them, that they should not inform any one respecting him. And he began to apprise them how exceedingly the Son of Man must suffer, and be rejected by the elders, and chief priests, and scribe., and be slam, and return to Ufe after three days. And he communicated that information, with great plainness. And Peter officiously interposed, and proceeded to remonstrate with him. But turning around, and sur- veying lus disciples, he reprimanded Peter., saying. Impede not my course, adversary! for you do not regard the concerns of God. but those of men. And having called the people with liis disciples, he remarked to them. Whoever inclines to go with me, let him perfectly renounce himself, and take up his cross, and follow me. For whoever desires to save his life, will lose It ; but whoever would sacrifice his life in my cause, and that of the gospel, he will preserve it. For what will it avail a man, if he should gain the whole world, and lose his life T Or what can a maa give to redeem his Ufe ? If, therefore, any one shall be ashamed of me, and of these my words, among this impious and iniquitous race of peo- ple ; the Son of Man will also be ashamed of him, when he comes in the glory of the Father, with the holy angels. And Jesus said to the people and his disciples, I solemnly declare to you, that some, here present, will not die, till they have seen the reign of God introduced with power. Now lifter six days, Jesus takes Peter, and James, and John, and pri- vately leads them, by themselves, to an elevated mountain ; where his aspect was changed to their view ; for his garments became resplendent, exceedingly white, even as snow ; such as no fuller on the earth could bleach. And there appeared to them Elijah, with Moses ; and they were conversing with Jesus. And Peter, in return, says to Jesus, Mas- ter. It IB well for us to remain here; and let us build three booths ; on* for thee, and one for Moses, anJ one for Elijali. He was n«rt, however, cbnsciouB what he Hiiid ; for they were greatly alarmed. And a cloud ??s~?rrpets ti:cin j nnti a voice proce^ilrd from the cloud, announcing, -# MARK'S HISTORY. 97 This is my beloved Son; hear him. And suddenly looking around, they no longer saw any one with them, except Jesus. And as they were descending from the mountain, he commanded them not to relate to any one what they had seen, at least, till the Son of Man were risen from the dead. And they retained this injunction among themselves, zealously inquiring, when he would arise from the dead ? Then, they thus questioned him, Why do the scribes declare, that Elijah must first come ? And he said to them in answer, Elijah, indeed, first comes and consummates all things ; and (as it is recorded of the Son of Man), must likewise suflfer much, and be contemptuously rejected. But, I say to you, that Elijah has even appeared, and they have done to him whatever they were disposed, as it was predicted concerning him. And when he returned to the other disciples, he saw a numerous as- sembly about them, and the scribes disputing with them. And the whole multitude, when they saw him, were greatly surprised, and running to him, saluted him. And he asked the scribes, On what are you contend- ing with them ? And one of the people answering said. Teacher, I have brought to thee my son, having a dumb spirit ; and wherever it seizes him, it rends him ; and he foams, and grinds his teeth, and lan- guishes. And I applied to thy disciples to cast out the evil spirit ; but they were unable. And Jesus said to him in reply, O distrustful race ! how long must I remain with you ? how long shall I endure you 1 bring him to me. And they brought the man to him. And when Jesus saw him, the spirit instantly convulsed him ; and falling on the ground, he rolled, foaming. And Jesus inquired of his father, How long is it since this first befell him ? And he replied. From his infancy : and it has frequently thrown him even into the fire, and into the water, to destroy him. If thou canst therefore eflTect any thing, take pity on us, and re- lieve us. Then Jesus said to him, [I can,] if you can believe;— all things are attainable by the behever. And the father of the child im- mediately exclaiming, said with tears, I do believe ; fortify me against unbelief. But Jesus, perceiving that the people hastened together, re- proved the polluted spirit, saying to it. Dumb and deaf spirit, I com- mand you to depart from him, and to enter him no more. And the spirit departed, having cried aloud, and violently distorted him. And ho was so much like one dead, that many aflirmed, He is dead. But Jesus, taking him by the hand, raised him, and he stood up. And when Jesus had entered a house, his disciples privately asked him. Why could not we expel the demon ? And he said to them. This class cannot be dislodged by any means, except through prayer and fasting. Further, departing thence, they passed through Galilee, and he desir- ed that no one should know it : for lie was instructing his disciples. And he said to them, the Son of Man will soon be delivered into the hands of men. and thev will kill him • anA oAo» i.« ;- -i..;.. i„ -.-mi u-. - — - ' ••■ '- TirTTlSj ISTT Trill DC la if 98 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. rrmion' a^'. T *'; *'"' ''^- """^ '""^y '^'^ "«* comprehend the aeclaration, and feared to interrogate him. .1*.°^ '"J""".'" <'''?<""•"■" • Md being in the house, he asked them what had been their altercation with eaeh other on the ^Z TZtZ^ IZ thn,l:; ""' '■"' ""^ "f ""^ •'"^•^ .bentselve^on tSe rS SDiSn/tt" """' ''T''''* '"^ *•""' **««*«'•' ^« -- «"« «-Pemng evil spirits m thy name and we prohibited him, because he does not follow Jol!"* r "''' """ ""* P^^'^'^'* '''™ ' «-- - «- who shall p^" form a miracle in my name, will rashly reproach me. For he who is not against you, is for you). 'or ne wlio is Whoever indeed, shall present you with a cup of water to drink, in my name, because you belong to Christ, I assure you, that he wm no^ lose his reward. But whoever shall pervert any of 'the' l^Ib e dT cil who bebeve m me. it would be better for him that a millstone were fast ened to his neck and that he were thrown into the sea. MoTeTver, f thy hand cause thee to sin, cut it off; it is better for thee to enter 1 fe maimed than, with two hands, to depart to gehenna, to the inexdn! guishable fire; where their worm dies not. and the fire is not quench S And If thy foot cause thee to stumble, cut it off; it is better' for thet o emer hfe lame than, with two feet, to be cast into gehenna, into the unquenchable fire ; where their worm dies not. and the fire is It extinguished And if thine eye lead thee to transgress, pul i out •t .s better for thee to enter the kingdom of God wlh one'eye than' Math two eyes, to be cast into the gehenna of fire ; where their worm TIT Ti '^: ^" " not extinguished. For everyone will b" salted with fire ; and every sacrifice will be seasoned with suit. Salt Ts good ; but If the salt become tasteless, how will you restore it ^ Pr^! serve salt in yourselves ; and maintain peace with each other And Jesus departed from Galilee, and came to the borders of Judea on the opposite bank of the Jordan ; and multitudes again resorted to hini ; and, as he was accustomed, he continued to teach them. And the Pharisees approaching, tried him with this question. Is it law- t\»nl" ""r t« divorce his wife 1 And he replying, said to them. What injunction has Moses given you ? And they said. Moses has pe mitted us to give a writing of divorce, and to dismiss her. And Jesus answer- ing, remarked to them, He gave you this permission in consequence of your intractable character. But from the beginning, at the creation. God made them a male and a female. For this reason, a man wil MARK'S HISTORY. 09 leave his father and mother, and adhere to his wife ; and they two will be one person. They are, then, no longer two, but one person. What, therefore, God has blended, let not man separate. And in the house, his disciples again questioned him, on the same subject. And he declared to them. Whoever shall discard his wife, and marry another, commits adultery against her. And if a woman shall repudiate her husband, and be married to another, she is an adulteress. Then they brought young children to him, that he might touch them ; but the disciples reprimanded those who brought them ; but Jesus, per- ceiving it, was greatly displeased, and said to them. Permit the little children to come to me, and forbid them not ; for of such, is the king- dom of God. In truth, I declare to you. Whoever shall not, Uke a little child, receive the kingdom of God, he cannot enter it. And taking them in his arms, he put his hands upon them, and blessed them. And as he passed along to the road, a certain person ran, and kneel- ing before him, inquired of him, Excellent Teacher, what good thing shall I do, that I may inherit eternal hfe ? But Jesus said to him, Why do you call me excellent ? God alone is excellent. You know the commandments ; Do not commit adultery ; do not commit murder ; do not steal ; do not give false testimony ; do no injury ; honor your father and mother. And he said to him in reply. Teacher, I have obeyed all these precepts, from my childhood. And Jesus, intensely surveying him, loved him, and observed to him. In one particular, you are defi- cient ; go, dispose of your possessions, and give the price to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven ; and come, take up the cross, and follow me. But he was deeply impressed at that requisition, and went away dejected ; for he had a vast estate. And Jesus looking around, observed to his disciples, With what diffi- culty do they, who have wealth, come into the kingdom of God ? And the disciples were surprised at his suggestion. But Jesus again pro- claimed to them in return. Children, how difficult is it for those who trust in ri hes, to come into the kingdom of God ! It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God. And they were inexpressibly astonished, and said to each other, What rich man then can be saved ? And Jesus, earnest- ly looking on them, affirmed. With men it may be impossible, but not with God, for all tilings are possible with God. Then Peter proceeded to announce to him, Behold, we have left all, and followed thee. And Jesus answering, alleged, I confidently apprise you, that there is no one, who has left mansion, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, on my account, and in the cause of the gospel ; who will not receive now, at this very period, a hundred fold, — houses, and brethren, and sisters, and fathers, and mothers, and children, and lands,— but with persecutions; and in the future state, eternal life. But many will be first, who are last ; and last, who are first. i H1H i " i' »"" ' 100 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Now, they were on the road, ascending to Jerusalem ; and Jesus was preceding them : and they were surprised ; and as they followed, they were m consternation ; for having again taken the twelve aside, he pro- ceeded to inform them what events would befaU him. Behold, says he we advance to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man wiU be surrendered to the chief priests and the scribes ; and they wiU sentence him to death, and will consign him to the Gentiles, who will deride him, and scourge him, and spit upon him, and kiU him ; and on the third day he wm return to life. And James and John, the sons of Zebedee, thus accosted him, Mas- ter, we wish that thou wouldst perform for us whatever we may request. And he said to them. What do you desire me to do for you 1 And they replied to him. Permit us to sit. one at thy right hand, and the other at thy left, m thy glory. But Jesus declared to them, You know not what you request. Can you partake of the cup which I am to drink ' or re- ceive the baptism, which I am to reaUze ? And they answered him, We can. And Jesus affirmed to them. You will, indeed, drink from the cup, of which I must participate ; and endure a baptism hke that which I must endure ; but to sit on my right hand, and on my left, I am not em- powered to grant, except to those, for whom it is prepared. And the ten, having heard it, were exasperated against James and John. Jesus, therefore, having summoned the disciples, reminded them, ITou are aware, that the rulers of the nations domineered over them ; and their princes exercised despotic authority over them. But, it must not be thus with you ; since, whoever would be exalted among you, let hun attend upon you ; and whoever is disposed to be your master, let him be the servant of all. For even the Son of Man came not to be served, but to render service, and to give his Ufe a ransom for many. Moreover, they came to Jericho ; and as he left the place with his disciples and a great multitude, the blind man, Bartholomew, the son of Timeus, sat by the side of the road, begging. And being informed that It was Jesus the Nazarean, he began to cry out, and say, Jesus, son of David, have compassion on me ! And many charged him to keep si- lence ; but he cried the more eagerly. Son of David, have compassion on me ! Ihen Jesus, standing there, commanded him to be called. And Uiey called the blind man, saying, Have confidence, arise ; he calls you. And throwing aside his garment, he arose, and came to Jesus. And Jesus m return says to him. What do you wish me to do for you 1 The blind man replied to lum. Teacher, that thou wouldst restore my siirht Jesus then said to him. Depart ; your faith has preserved you. And he immediately recovered his sight, and followed Jesus in the road Now as Jesus and his disciples approached Jerusalem, in Bethphage and Bethany, at the foot of the mount of Olives, he sent two of his dis- ciples, and thus directed them. Go to the village opposite to you ; and as soon as you enter it. you will find a colt tied, on which no man ever rode ; untie it, and bring it here. And if any one says to you, why do MARK'S HISTORY. 101 you this ? declare, that the Master requires him, and will speedily re- turn liim. So they went, and found a colt fastened at a little distance from the door, at the junction of two roads ; and they unfastened it. Now some persons who were present, said to them. Why do you loose the colt 1 And they answered the men as Jesus had commanded ; and received permission. , And the disciples led the colt to Jesus, and plac- ed their mantles on it ; and he sat thereon. And many spread their garments in the road; and others cut branches from the trees, and strewed them in the way. And those that preceded, and those that fol- lowed, thus exclaimed ; Hosanna ! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord ! Happy be the approaching dominion of our Father David ! Hosanna in the highest heaven ! And Jesus went into Jeru- salem, and entered the temple ; and having examined every thing, when evening was come, he departed to Bethany, with the twelve. And on the next day, as they were proceeding from Bethany, he was hungry. And perceiving a fig-tree, at a distance, having foUage, he went to search for fruit on it. And approaching it, he found nothing but leaves ; though the season for gathering figs, had nearly arrived. And upon this, Jesus said to it ; Let no man, from this period, ever par- take of thy fruit ! And his disciples heard him. And they came to Jerusalem ; and Jesus, having gone into the tem- ple, turned out those who bought and sold in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the bankers, and the seats of those who sold doves ; and would not permit any one to convey a vessel through the temple. And he taught them, saying. Is it not written. My house shall be called a house of prayer for all nations ? but you have made it a den of robbers. And the scribes and the chief priests heard this, and they endeavored to destroy him ; for they dreaded him, because all the people were deeply affected by his instruction. And when it was evening, he retired from the city. And in the morning, as they returned, they saw the fig-tree withered away from the roots. And Peter recollecting, said to liim. Master, be- hold the fig-tree, which thou hast devoted, already withered. And Jesus thereupon observed to them, Have strong faith in God. For in truth, I inform you. Should any one say to this mountain. Be removed, and thrown into the sea ; and should doubt not in liis heart, but believe that what he expresses will be accomplished; he shall have whatever he might direct. For this reason, I announce to you, that as to all tilings, which you shall request in prayer, having confidence that you will receive them, they shall be imparted to you. Besides, when you are praying, forgive, if you have any thing against any person ; that your Father, who is in heaven, may also forgive you, your offences. But if you do not pardon, neither will your Father, who is in heaven, pardon your transgressions. And they arrived again at Jerusalem ; and as he was walking about in tlie tempk, the chief priesis, and the scribes, aiid the eldcru, approach- 102 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. I, I Jesus remarked to them in renlv I will oi i ^ "^'^ *"«"» ' ^nd .he«,hi„g.. W..,hebap.i.„„f John Jrco'd^rlr*:"/ A^d ' "^ '^"* "^^PV' "^''y then did you not beUeve him 7 But ohnll «,„ wt^^deraroJheT 't^ -^ p^"^''' ' ^°' *^^^ ^" -Ll^ttl:: not k"ow aZT ^^ '" ^"'^''•' ''^^^^ *^««''»'-«d to Jesus, We do to yoX^rr r. ^^Xmtr ^ir ' """^ ^^ ' ^^^^'- distant country. And at the season, he sent a servant to the Tint, that he m,ght receive from them the fruit of the vineyard Vr^h «e«ed the servant, beat him. and sent him away de tTuC And 1.^^ he sent to them another servant, and having stoned him. thev proceS summarily, and sent him away disgracefully treated And hr another, and they killed him, aa'd ma'ny more^ S:g some,' ho weir b t killing others. And having yet. one son. his sincLly beloved Te' bT^Z ""' '"" '''V' *'^'"' ^^^"'"^' 'T^^^ -•» revere m/;^: But those occupants observed among themselves, This is the hel^.' come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be o^rs. So they seted' hun, and having thrust him from the vineyard, killed him What here fore will the proprietor of the vineyard do T He will clcld d ZJ those husbandmen, and will give the vineyard to others MoretveT have you not read this passage of scripture 1 A stone which the build-' e s refused, is made the head of the corner 1 The Lord has performed tlus. and we behold it with admiration 1 4nd they were dSrof spoKen the parable respecting them. And leaving him, they withdrew. Then they dispatched to him some of the Pharisees, and of the Herodians. that they might ensnare hiZn conversation ; who approaching, thus addressed himt Teacher! we a c assured that thou art true, and dost not concern thyself about any one for thou disregardest the appearance of men. but teachest the way of God with integrity. Is it lawful to give tribute to Cesar, or not ? Should 7hirV Tl^ ""^ "°* ^""^ ^ ^"* ^^' ^^^'-^ °^ their artifice, said to A „T:.^ V' f ^°" ^'''P'"'' ™" ^ ^""« "»« * denarius, that I may see it. And they brought one. And he says to them. Whose is this representa- tion and inscription ? And they declared to him. Cesar's. And Jesus answered and said to them. Render to Cesar that which is Cesar's ; and to God that which 18 God's. And they viewed him with astonishment. rntlT I «*dducees. who maintain that there is no future existence, came to h,m, and interrogated him, observing. Teacher, Moses instruct- i>. _™ MARK'S HISTORY. 103 ed us, that if a man's brother die, survived by a wife, without children, he shall marry the widow, and raise posterity to his brother. Now there were seven brothers ; and the eldest took a wife, and dying, left no chil- dren. And the second married her, and died without offspring ; and likewise, the third. Thus, all the seven married her, and left no pos- terity. Last of all the woman also died. In the future life, therefore, when they shall revive, to which of the seven will she belong, for she has been the wife of each. And Jesus answering, said to them. In this are you not deceived, neither understanding the f criptures, nor the great power of God ? For when the dead shall return to life, they will neith- er marry, nor be contracted in marriage ; but will be as the angels in heaven. In relation, however, to the dead, that they are raised ; have you not read in the book of Moses, how God thus announced to him in the bush, I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob ? He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You, therefore, greatly misapprehend. And one of the teachers of the law approached, having heard them reasoning together, and perceiving that he had ably answered them, ask- ed him, Which is the first commandment of all ? And Jesus replied to liim. The first of all the commandments is. Attend, Israel, the Lord is our God ; the Lord is one ; and Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with thy whole heart, and with all thy life, and with thy whole mind, and with all thy strength ; this is the first commandment. And the second is similar to it. Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. There is no other commandment superior to these. And the scribe exclaimed to him. Most admirably. Teacher, hast thou disclosed the truth! since there is one God, and aside from him, there is no other ; and to love him with the whole heart, and with the entire intellect, and with all the spirit, and with all the energy, and to love liis neighbor as himself, is preferable to all the entire burnt offerings and the sacrifices. And Jesus, perceiving that he had ingenuously replied, declared to him. You are not far from the kingdom of God. And no one afterwards presum- ed to interrogate him. Jesus, in continuation, questioned them, as he was instructing in the temple, and observed. Why do the scribes assert, that the Messiah must be a son of David. Yet David personally affirmed, through the Holy Spirit, The Lord said to my Lord, sit at my right hand, till I place thine enemies under thy feet. If David himself, therefore, denominates him Lord, how is he then his son. And the great multitude heard him with pleasure. Now he said to them, in his discourse, Beware of the scribes, who afi-ect to walk about in long robes, and lov<5 gratulations in the public places, and pre-eminent seats in the synagogues, and the most distin- guished positions at the feasts ; who devour the abodes of widows, and through ostentation, make protracted prayers. Such shall receive a more exemplary judgment. \ M 104 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. mllv A^^ "easury. And numerous rich persons contributed libe- sel^offered all that she possessed, even all her subsistence. ' And as he was sitting on the mount of Olives, opposite the temnlo Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, private^ 'uesdoned h m t' form us when these things will occur? and what wUl be the sin ^he; lav tTth "" R ^'"" ' -^ — Plis'-l ^ And Jesus answer n^teglit: say to them, Be cautious that no one deceive you : for numbers win come in my name, severally alleging. I am the person and "isedue many But when you shall hear of wars and rumor of wl be "lot J-urther, nacon will be arrayed against nation, and kingdom aeninst kingdc^; and there will be earthquakes in various places, and Tre B ides trieTt '"""'"; '"'r ^'^ '""^ ^'-'^'^'^ of adversities! ZIZ , ' yo'^rselves; for they will s.irrender you to the «a„hed„ns ; and you will be beaten in the tribunals of magistrates and you will stand before governors and kings, on my account, tTbea; te^ timony to them. But, when they conduct you to dehver you « , To not previously solicitous what you shall utter ; nor premi^li tat" for «.nce It w 1 not be you who speak, hut the Holy Spirit. Then the brother w,l! surrender the brother to death, and the fithor. the child" and chiluren will rise against parents, and destroy them. And yf God must first be prociuimert among all nations. But when you shall see the desolating abomination, a«nounce. • 11 >in~ irini«j, tu irif present nme, nor will - ^ll tt ligM not MARK'S HISTORY. 105 ever afterwards occur. And unless the Lord should circumscribe those days, no person could escape ; but in behalf of the chosen, whom he has favorably designated, he will limit that period. And if any one shall then say to you, Behold, here is the Messiah ; or, Behold, he is there ; do not believe it : for false messiahs and false prophets will arise, and will exhibit signs and prodigies, to seduce, if possible, even the chosen. Be, therefore, circumspect ; remember, I have foretold you all things. Moreover, in those days, succeeding that affliction, the sun will be darkened, and the moon will withhold her light, and the stars of heaven will be falhng, and the powers, that are in the heavens, will be shaken. And they will subsequently see the Son of Man coming in the clouds, with great power and glory. And then, he will send his messengci., and gather his chosen from the four winds, from the extremity of the earth, to the utmost bound of heaven. Further, receive this comparison from the fig-tree. When its branch 18 yet tender, and puts forth leaves, you know that summer is near : and thus, when you shall see these occurrences, know that the Son of Man IS approaching, even at the door. I assure you, that even this genera- tion will not pass away, till all these things arc uccomplished. Heaven and earth will sooner vanish, than these words of mine shall fail. However, respecting that day, or that season, no one knows, (not even the angels who are in heaven, nor indeed the Son), but the Father. Beware, watch and pray ; for you are not conscious when the time will arrive. [My coming is] as a man taking a distant journey, who left his fa- mily, and gave authority to his servants, and to each his own work, and commanded the doorkeeper to watch. Be therefore circumspect ; for you know not when the master of the house will return, whether, late in the evening, or at midnight, or at the third watch, or at early dawn • lest, coming unexpectedly, he should find you asleep. Further, what I say to you, I repeat to all. Be vigilant. Now, two days after, was the passover, and the time of unleavened bread ; and the chief priests and the scribes endeavored to arrest Jesus by artifice, that they might destroy him. But they said, Not during the festival, lest there should be a comnn»tion among the people. And while he was at Betha-.y, in the house of SLnon the leper, at a repast, a woman came, having an alabaster box of exceedingly valuable (untment, of unadulterated nrrd ; and she broke the seal, and poured the contents on his head. But there were some, who were indignant within themselves, ami said, Why was this waste of the ointment made? I' or this 01 itnient could have been sold for more than three hundred de- narii, which might have been given to the poor. And they loudly re- • ' •'• -"- -^"^» ^ct i2cr aionc ; why do you luuieitl her 7 she has perforn.ed for me a benev<.lent work : since you will ever have the poor with you, and when disposed, you may do them good ; but me 14 NM»» I 106 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. you will not always have. She has bestowed what she possessed. She has previously undertaken to anoint my body, in reference to its being embalmed. I solemnly aver to you, that wherever this Gospel shall be preached, through the whole world, what she has done will be proclaim- ed to her memory. And Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve, went to the chief priests, that he might betray .Tesus to them. And hearing it, they rejoiced, and en- gaged to give him money. And he sought, how he might conveniently surrender him. Moreover, on the first day of unleavened bread, when they used to sacrifice the passover, his disciples said to him, Where wilt thou that we go and prepare, that thou mayst eat the passover ? And he sends two of his disciples, and says to them, Go to the city, and a man will meet you, carrying a pitcher of water ; follow liim. And whatever house he enters, say to the master of the family. The teacher inquires, Where is the diring-hall, in which I may eat the passover with my dis- ciples 1 And he will show you a spacious room spread and provided : there, make preparation for us. And his disciples departed, and enter- ed the city, and found every thing as he had informed them ; and they prepared the passover. And, in the evening, he arrives with the twelve. And as they reclined at table, and were eating, Jesus observed, In truth, I declare to you, that one of you, who is eating wit!i me, will deliver me up. And they began to be sorrowful, and respectively to say to him, Is it I ? And another repeated, Is it I ? And he replying, said to tliem, It is one of the twelve, — he wlio dips with me in the dish. The Son of Man indeed departs, even as it was written concerning him, but alas for that man, by whom the Son of Man is surrendered ! Happy were it for that man, if he had never existed. And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and having praised God, broke it, and gave it to them, and said, Take, eat ; this is my body. And taking the cup, having rendered thanks, he gave it to them ; and they all drank of it. And he said to them, This is my blood of the new covenant, wliich is poured out for many. I assure you, that I will no more drink of tlie produce of the vine, till that day when I shall drink it new in tiie kingdom of God. And having used the psalm, they withdrew to the mount of Olives. And Jesus remarked to them. You will all forsake me, this very night ; for it is written, I will nmite the sliejinerd, and the sheep will be scatter- ed. But after I am risen, I will precede you to GiUilce. Then Pi-tcr declared to him, Though all should forsake thee, yet I will not. And JesuB says to him, I truly affirm to you, that you, this day, on this very night, before a watch-trumpet shall sound twice, you will thrice renounc » ud m name. MARK'S HISTORY. 107 Then they came to a place called Gethsemane ; and he says to his disciples, Sit here, till I shall have prayed. And he takes with him Peter, and James, and John ; and he began to be in terrible consterna- tion, and the deepest agony. And he says to them, My soul is envelop- ed in aggravated grief, even to death ; remain here, and watch. And advancing a little, he fell on the ground, and prayed, that if it were pos- sible, the hour might pass from him. And he said, O Father, Father, all things are possible with thee ; remove this cup from me ; yet, not what I would, but what thou wilt. And he comes and finds them sleep- ing, and says to Peter, Simon, do you sleep ? Could you not watch one hour ? Be vigilant, and pray, that ye be not overpowered by tempta- tion. The spirit, indeed, may be disposed ; but the body is faint. And again departing, he prayed, repeating the same words. And returning, he found them again asleep ; for their eyes were heavy ; and they knew not how they should answer him. And he approaches the third time, and says to them, Sleep now, and take your rest. It is sufficient ; the period has arrived ; behold, the Son of Man is consigned to the hands of sinners. Arise, let us go ; behold, he who surrenders me is near. And instantly, while he was yet speaking, Judas, one of the twelve, came, and with him a great multitude, with swords and staves, from the chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders. And his betrayer had given them this intimation. He, whom I shall kiss, is the individual ; arrest him, and securely conduct him away. And having approached, he immediately advanced to him, and said. Master, Master, and fre- quently kissed liim. And they laid tlieir hands on him, and arrested him. And one of those standing near, drew a sword, and assailed a servant of the liigh priest, and cut off iiiri ear. And Jesus, in return, suid to them, Have you come forth, as against a robber, witli swords and clubs, to seize me ? I was daily with you, teaching in the temple, and you did not take me : but thus the scriptures are fulfilled. Then all the disciples deserted him, und fled. And there was a certain youth who followed him, having (.nly a hnen cloth wrapped around his body ; and the young men seized him ; but he left the Hheet, and fled from them unclad. Now they conducted Jesus to the high priest, with wlu.ni all the chief priests, and the elders, and the scribes, were assemlded. And Peter followed him nt sonic distance, even to the palace of the high priest ; und sat witli the inferior officers, and warmed hiniMcIf at the fire. Moreover, the chief priests, atul all t!i ; sanhe.hin sought testimony against Jesus, to destr(»y him ; but found n;»no : for th high priest, rining in the midst, thus interrogated Josus, Mukcst thou no answer T what do If ■"if lOd APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. <'» tr tt\T ^'' ' ^"' " ''""^'^^^^ «"«"*' «»d made no reply. MesL th.^^ ^r?J '^S?^'""^'^ him, and says to him. Art thou the Messia^^^, the son of the Blessed God. Then Jesus said, I am ; indeed you wm see the Son of Man sitting on the right hand o^ div"; power and coming m the clouds of heaven. Upon this the high priest, renZg havl h r;:::' '"'• "^'r '"'■^'^^ "^^^^^^^^ '^^^^ - forLnesses T Y^' have heard the impious language : what are your views ? And they all Z rr? '" :■ ^'r "'"^ °^ ^'^'^' ^^'"^ ^^^^ ^egan to spi[ on him and to cover his face, and to beat him, and to say to him. Who smote thee, prophet 1 And the inferior officers struck him with the ope^ And Peter being in the hall below, one of the maid-servants of the high priest came ; and seeing Peter warming himself, she earnestly looked at him, and said. You also was with Jesus of Nazareth. But he denied, saying, I do not know him, nor do I understand what you mean. And he went out into the portico, and a watch-trumpet sounded. And the maid-servant, seeing him again, began to say to those who were present This is one of them. But he again denied it. And a little aller, those standing near, said again to Peter, You are certainly one of them; for you are a Galilean, and your language implies it. But he began to imprecate, and impiously to aver, I know not this man of whom you speak. And the second time a watch-trumpet sounded. And Peter recalled the declaration, which Jesus made to him, that. Before a watch- trumpet shall twice sound, you will thrice deny '-o. And he meditated, and wept. And moreover, in the morning, the chief priests consulted with the elders, and scribes, and all the sanhedrin, and having bound Jesus, car- ried and delivered him to Pilate. And Pilate asked him, Art thou the king of the Jews ? and Jesus alleged to him. in answer, I am. And the chief priests brought many accusations against him ; but he made no reply. And Pilate again in- terrogated him, saying, Makest thou no answer 7 consider, how many charges they prod. ,-o against thee. But Jesus answered no more, so that Pilate was astonished. Further, at the festival, he always released to them some one prisoner whom they solicited. And there was one, named Barablms, imprisoned with certain insurgents, who had committed murder in the insurrection And the populace vociferating, began to importune, that he would grant them the customary favor. Then Pilate thus answered them, Do you wish that I should release to you the King of the Jews ? For he knew that the chief priests hud delivered him up through hatred. But the' chief priCHts incited the people to request rather, that Bnrnbbas might bo released to them. And P.lato again said to them, in reply. What w.ll you then, that I shall do with him. whom you denominate, the King of the Jews. And they again exclnimed.. Cracify hinv P.^t Pil=te =ajd to them, Why, what crime has he committed ? But they, the* more ex- MARKS HISTORY. 109 , cessively vociferated, Crucify him. Then Pilate, wishing to satisfy the people, rehased Barabbas to them ; and having scourged Jesus, dehver- ed him to be crucified. Then the soldiers led him away into the hall, which is called the pre- torium ; and they summoned the whole cohort. And they clothed him with purple, and having woven a crown of acanthus, they placed it upon him, and began thus insolently to salute him, Hail, king of the Jews ! And they struck him on the head with a cane, and spit on him, and kneeling, affected to reverence him. And when they had mocked him, they divested him of the purple, and clothed him with his own garments, and led him out to crucify him. And one Simon, a Cyrenian, the father of Alexander and Rufus, was passing, as he came from the country, and they compelled him to carry his cross. And they conducted him to the place called Golgotha, which is, being interpreted, The place of a scull. And they gave him sour wine to drink, mingled with myrrh ; but he refused it. And having nailed him to the cross, they distributed his vestments, deciding by lot, which of them each should take. And it was the third hour, when they nailed him to the cross. And there was an inscription, referring to the accusation against him, written above. The King of the Jews. And with him, they crucified two robbers ; one on his right hand, and the other on his left. Thus the scripture was accomplished, which says, He was numbered with the transgressors. And those who passed, reviled him, shaking their heads, and saying, Ah ! thou who canst destroy the temple, and rebuild it in three days, save thyself, and come down from the cross ! And in like manner, the chief priests, in derision among themselves, with the scribes, alleged, He save others ! he cannot save himself. Let this Messiah, this King of Israel, now descend from the cross, that we may see, and believe in him. And they, also, who were crucified with Iiim, reproached him. Now when the sixth hour came, there was darkness through the whole land, till the ninth hour. And at the ninth hour, Jesus exclaimed with a loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lamma sabachthani ? which is, being translated, My God, my God, to whom hast thou abandoned me ? And some of those who were present, listening to this, declared. Behold, he calls Elijah. And one ran, and having filled a sponge with vinegar, attached It to a cane, and gave him to drink, saying, Desist ; let us see whether Elijah will come to rescue him. And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and expired. Then the veil of the temple, from the extreme points, was dissevered. And the centurion, who stood opposite to him, (perceiving, that having thus exclaimed, he expired), announced. This man was assuredly a Son of God. And there were also certain women, beholdimr nt a di-tanc« n^-n- wnom were Mary of Magdala, and Mary the mother of James the young! cr, and of Joses and Solome ; (who, also, when ho was in Galileo, fol- mrm 110 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. •It I lowed him, and ministered to him) ; and many other women, who ac- companied him to Jerusalem. And the evening having now arrived, since it was the preparation, that IS, the day preceding the sabbath, Joseph of Arimathea, an hon- orable man of the council, and who himself was awaiting the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly to Pilate, and earnestly requested the body of Jesus. And Pilate was surprised, that he was already dead ; and having summoned the centurion, he inquired of him, if he had yet expired. And being apprised of his decease by the centurion, he grant- ed the body to Joseph. And he purchased fine linen, and took him down, and shrouded him in the linen, and placed him in a sepulchre, which was hewn from a rock, and he rolled a stone to the entrance of the tomb. And Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of Joses, saw where he was deposited. Now, the sabbath being passed, Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James and Salome, purchased aromatics, that they might proceed to embalm the body of Jesus. And very early in the morning of the first day of the week, they came to the sepulchre, at the rising of the sun. And they said among themselves, who will remove the stone for us from the door of the sepulchre ? (for it was very great). And as they looked, they perceived that the stone was removed. And having entered the tomb, they saw a young man sitting on the right, invested with a long white robe ; and they were alarmed. But he says to them, Be not alarmed ; you seek Jesus of Nazareth, who was crucified : he is risen; he is not here: behold the place where they laid him. But depart, remind his disciples, particularly Peter, that he has preceded you to Galilee ; there you will see him, as he disclosed to you. And departing, they fled from the sepulchre ; for trembling and consternation seized them : and they said nothing to any one, because they were dismayed. Moreover, Jesus having arisen early the first day of the week, origi- nally appeared to Mary Magdalene, from whom he had expelled seven demons. And she went and informed those who had attended him, as they were mourning and weeping. But, though they heard that he was alive, and had been seen by her, they did not believe it. After these events, he appeared in another dress to two of them, as they were walking on their way into the country. And they returned and announced it to the other disciples, who would not believe even them. Subsequently, he appeared to the eleven, as they sat together, and reproved their incredulity and obduracy, because they believed not those who had seen him, after he was risen. And he said to them. Go to all the world, and proclaim the good message to the whole creation. He who believes, and is baptized, will be saved ; but he who beUeves not, will be condsmnud. And these miraculoua powerb wiii accuiiipuiiy those who beUeve : in my name they will expel fiends ; tliey will speak MARK'S HISTORY. Ill in new languages ; they will handle serpents with safety ; and if they drink any deadly poison, it will not injure them ; and the sick, on whom they shall place their hands, will recover. When the Lord had thus addressed them, he was received to heaven, and continues to sit at the right hand of God. And they departed, and published the intelligence everywhere, the Lord co-operating, and con- firming the word by the attendant miracles. mm THE HISTORY BY LUKE. Though, many have attempted to prepare a history of those facts, which were estaWished among us by the most ample testimony, even as they, who were personal witnesses and dispensers of the word from the beginning, transmitted them to us ; yet, I have deemed it appropriate, having accurately traced the whole from their origin, to communicate a systematic narrative of them to you, most excellent Theophilus ; that you may attain to absolute certainty, relative to those particulars, in which you have been instructed. In the reign of Herod, the king of Judea, there was a certain priest named Zechariah, of the succession of Abijah ; and his wife was one of the daughters descended from Aaron, and her name was Elizabeth. And these two were righteous in the sight of God, walking irreproach- ably in all the commands and institutions of the Lord. And they had no child, for Elizabeth was sterile, and both were far advanced in years. Now it occurred, while he was performing the priest's office before God, in the order of his class, according to the custom of the priesthood, that it became his lot to burn incense, as he entered the temple of the Lord. And the whole assembly of the people were praying without, at the time of the incense. And a messenger of the Lord appeared to him, standing at the right hand of the altar of incense. And Zechariah be- holding him, was confounded, and fear assailed him. But the angel said to him, Fear not, Zechariah, for your prayer is heard ; and your wife Elizabeth shall present you a son, and you must call his name John. And he will be to you joy and exultation ; and many will rejoice in consequence of his birth. For he will be illustrious in the view of the Lord, and will not partake of wine, nor inebriating drink ; and he will be replete with the Holy Spirit, even from the commencement of his existence. And he will turn many of the children of Israel to the Lord their God. Moreover, he will precede him in the spirit and power of Elijah, to restore the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the faithless to the wisdom of the just ; to qualify a people prepared for the Lord. And Zechariah said to the angel, how can I be assured of this ? for I am an aged man, and my wife is in the decline of years ] And the angel answering, declared to him, I am Gabriel, who attend in the presence of God ; and am sent to commune with you, and to announce to you this joyful message. And behold, you shall be silent, and unable to speak, till the day in which these things are accomplished, because you have disbeUeved my words, which will be fulfilled in their appointed period. And the people were wailing fur Zechariah, and were surprised that he continued so long in the temple. But, when he came out, he cotild LUKE'S HISTORY. 113 not speak to them ; and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple ; for he thus intimated to them by signs, and remained speech- less. And it happened, when the days of his ministration terminated, that he returned to his own house. And afterwards, Elizabeth his wife was in gestation, and lived in retirement five months, and said, The Lord has thus done for me, favorably intending at this time to remove my reproach among men. Now, in the sixth month, the messenger Gabriel was sent from God to a city of Galilee, called Nazareth, to a virgin contracted to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David ; and the virgin's name was Mary. And the angel approaching her, said. Hail, highly favored ! the Lord is with you ; and blessed are you among women ! But she was disconcerted at his annunciation, and revolved in her mind, what kind of salutation this could be. And the angel said to her, Fear not, Mary ; for you have found favor with God. And behold, you shall be in a state of gestation, and shall have a son, and you must call his name Jesus. He will be illustrious, and will be esteemed the Son of the Most High God ; and the Lord God will give him the throne of his ancestor David ; and he will perpetually reign over the house of Jacob ; and his kingdom will never cease. Mary, however, said to the angel, How can this be, since I am hitherto pure ? And the angel replying, said to her, The Holy Spirit will descend to you, and the power of the Most High will invest you ; and therefore, that hallowed, future offspring, must be re- garded as the Son of God. And behold, your cousin Elizabeth is also in gestation with a son, in her old age ; and this is the sixth month with her who is reputed sterile. For nothing is impossible with God. And Mary said. Behold the handmaid of the Lord ; may it be to me in con- formity to thy disclosure ! And the angel departed from her. And Mary arose, at that period, and went to the highlands, with ex- pedition, to a city of Judali ; and entered the house of Zechariah, and saluted Elizabeth. And it happened, that when Elizabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the embryo was joyfully agitated ; and EUzabeth was pervaded by the Holy Spirit ; and she exclaimed with a loud voice, and said. Blessed are you among women ! and blessed is your incipient offspring ! And whence this occurrence to me, that the mother of my Lord should visit me ? For behold, when the voice of your salutation sounded in my ears, the embryo was enlivened with joy. And happy is she who has believed, that those things, communicated to her from the Lord, will be accomplished. And Mary declared, My soul celebrates the praises of the Lord, and my spirit exults in God my Saviour ; because he has kindly viewed the humble situation of his handmaid ; for behold, from this time, all pos- terity will pronounce me happy : since, he who is powerful has wrought for me great miracles ; and boundless beneficence is his attribute. And his eoniinisef atioii from age io ago rests on those who fear hiui. He has achieved the victory by his arm ; he has dispersed the haughty in 15 firiininiiiimiimiBii ^m 114 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. hm: he imagination of their hearts. He has precipitated potentates from their thrones, and has exalted the lowly. He has satisfied the necessi- tous with benefits ; but the affluent he has dismissed destitute. He has sustained Israel his son, in remembrance of his perpetual mercy ; even as he promised to our fathers, — to Abraham, and to his race. And Mary remained with Elizabeth about three months, and returned to her own residence. Moreover, the period of Elizabeth's parturition arrived; and she had a son. And her neighbors and her relatives heard that the Lord had signally displayed his kindness towards her; and they rejoiced with her. And it occurred, on the eighth day, that they proceeded to circum- cise the child ; and they would have him called Zechariah, after the name of his father. But his mother interposed, and said. No ; but he shall be named John. And they replied to her, There is not one of your relatives, who is called by that name. So they asked his father by signs, what he would have him called. And having requested a tablet, he thus wrote. His name is John. And they were all astonished, for his mouth was instantly opened, and his tongue loosed ; and he spoke, praising God. And a dread came on all who resided near them ; and all these incidents were published through - 11 the highlands of Judea. And all who heard them, deposited them in their hearts, inquiring, What description of child will this be ? And the hand of the Lord was with him. And Zechariah, his father, was replenished with the Holy Spirit, and thus prophesied ; Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, for he has visited and redeemed his people ; and has raised a prince of salvation for us, in the family of his servant David ; (even as he anciently announced by the mouth of his holy prophets), for our deliverance from our enemies, and from the hand of all who hate us ; in kindness towards our fathers,' and remembrance of his sacred covenant ; according to the oath which he promulged to our father Abraham, to permit us, being rescued from the hand of our enemies, fearlessly to worship him, by holiness and righteousness in his sight, all our days. And thou, child, wilt be ac- counted a prophet of the Most High God ; for thou wilt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways ; to impart the science of salvation to his people, in the forgiveness of their sins, through the tender com- passions of our God, who has caused the dawn of day from on high, to visit us, to illumine those who sit in darkness and the shadow of death, to direct our feet into the way of peace. Now the child advanced, and became powerful in mind, and was in sohtary regions, till the period of his public appearance to Israel. Further, it o.,'urred in those days, that an edict was issued by Augus- tus Cesar, that a register of the whole empire should be taken. (This enrolment was made before Quirinius was governor of Syria). And all went, each to his own ciry, to be enrolled. And Joseph also went up from the city of Nazareth in Galilee, to the city of David in Judea'^ LUKE'S HISTORY. 115 which is called Bethlehem ; because he was of the family and lineage of David ; to be registered with Mary his affianced wife, being far advanc- ed in gestation. And it happened, that while they were there, the time of her parturition was accomplished ; and she had her first-born son, and swathed him, and laid him in a manger ; because there was no place for them in the house allotted to strangers. And there were shepherds in that country, residing in the fields, and keeping over their flocks the watches of the night. And suddenly, a messenger of the Lord appeared above them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them ; and they were exceedingly dismayed. But the angel said to them, Be not terrified ; for behold, I bring you a good message, which shall be a subject of great joy to all people ; because to you is this day born in the city of David, a Saviour, who is the Lord Messiah. And this shall be an indication to you ; you shall find an in- fant, in swathing bands, lying in a manger. And there was instantly with the angel, a multitude of the celestial army, praising God, and say- ing. Glory to God in the highest heaven, and on earth peace, benevo- lence among men. Now it occurred, that as the angels departed from them to heaven, the shepherds said to each other, let us go directly to Bethlehem, and witness this event that has transpired, which the Lord has revealed to us. And they went in haste, and found Mary and Joseph, with the in- fant who lay in the manger. And when they saw this, they widely pub- hshed the communication made to them concerning this child. And all who heard it were astonished at those things, which were related to them by the shepherds. But Mary treasured all these circumstances, weighing them in her heart. And the shepherds returned, lauding and praising God for all things which they had heard and seen, ever, as it was declared to them. And on the eighth day, when the child was circumcised, his name was called Jesus, which the angel had given him before he was in embryo. And when the time of their purification, according to the law of Moses, had expired, they carried him to Jerusalem, to present him to the Lord ; (Even as it is written in the law of the Lord, Every first- born male child shall be consecrated to the Lord) ; and to offer a sacri- fice, agreeably to what is enjoined in the law of the Lord, — a pair of turtle-doves, or two young pigeons. And behold, there was a man in Jerusalem, whose name was Simeon ; and he was a righteous and pious person, waiting for the consolation of Israel ; and the Holy Spirit was upon liim. And he was divinely in- formed by the Holy Spirit, that he should not die, till he had beheld the Anointed of the Lord. And he came through the Spirit into the temple, when the parents brought in the child Jesus, that they might do for him what the law required, and he took him into his arms, and praised God, and said, Now, Lord, ihou dust in peace dismiss thy servant, according to thy word ; for mine eyes have witnessed thy salvation, which thou 116 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ill hast prepared in the view of all the world; alight for the iUumination of the GentUes, and the glory of Israel thy people. Now Joseph and the mother of Jesus were astonished at what was said respecting him. And Simeon blessed them, and said to Mary his mother, Behold this child is designated for the defection and restor*- tion of many in Israel ; and for a mark of contradiction ; (and indeed, a dart wiU transfix your own soul), that the reasonings of many hearts may be disclosed. And there was one Anna, a prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, of the tribe of Asher. She was at a very protracted age, having lived with a husband seven years from her marriage, and remained a widow about eighty-four years ; who uniformly attended in the temple, by night as well as day, and served God with abstinence and supplications. And approaching at that very time, she offered her acknowledgments to the Jeras'aT" ^^""^^ ''^^" *"* ^" ^^""^ '^''° "^^'^ expecting redemption in And when they had performed aU things, according to the law of the Lord, they returned to GaUlee, to their own city Nazareth. And the child matured, and strengthened in spirit, wholly imbued with wisdom: and the approbation of God attended him. Moreover, his parents went annually to Jerusalem, at the feast of the passover. And when he was twelve years old, they went up to Jerusa- lem, m conformity to the usage of the festival. And when they had re- mained the usual time, and as they were returning, the child Jesus con- tmued in Jerusalem ; and Joseph and his mother were not apprised of It. Supposing, however, that he was in the company, they performed a days journey; and they earnestly sought him among their relatives and acquaintance; but not finding him, they returned to Jerusalem, in dihgent search of him. And it happened, after three days, that they tound him in the temple, seated in the midst of the teachers, giving them audience, and interrogating them. And all who heard him, were in a transport of admiration at his intelligence and replies. And when his parents saw him, they were in consternation; and his mother said to him, Son why have you thus conducted towards us ? Behold, your father and I have anxiously sought you. And he said to them. For what cause did you seek me ? Were you not aware, that I must be engaged m my Father's concerns? But they did not understand the words which he addressed to them. And he went down with them, and came to Nazareth, and Has sub- ject to them. And his mother retained all these things in her memory And Jesus advanced in stature and wisdom, and in favor with God and men. Besides, in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Cesar, when Fontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod wnn etrarch of Gahlee, and his brother Philip nrrroh of Iturea, and ti, .rovince of .J TrnchonitiSi and I -v ""«a^ tetn,t;;^ ,t Ahi;«:ne, wmie Autinias and LUKES H18T0RY. 117 Caip)ia» were high priests, the word of God came to Johu, the son of Zcchariah, in the wilderness. And he went through all the adjacent country of the Jordan, publishing the baptism of reformation, for the remission of sins : as it il* written in the book of discourses of the prophet Isaiah, saying, The voice of one announcing in the desert, pre- pare the way of the Lord, make his paths straight. Every valley will be filled, and every mountain and hill will be excavated ; even the de- vious roads will be rendered direct, and the rugged places will be levelled. And every individual will reaUze the salvation of God. He then observed to the multitude that came forth to be baptized by him. Progeny of vipers, who has induced you to fly from the impending ven- geance 7 Produce, therefore, fruits characteristic of reformation ; and begin not to nlleg^e amcmg yourselves. We have Abraham as our father ; for I aflirm to you, that God is able from these stones to perpetuate children to Abrahafn. And even now, the axe is laid at the root of the trees. Every tree, therefore, wliich does not yield good fruit, is felled, and Uirov«n into the fire. And the people thus questioned him, What, then, shall we do ? And he remarks to them in reply, He who has two coats, let him impart to him who has none ; and he who has food, let him do the same. Then came also tax-collectors to be baptized, and said to him. Teacher, what shall we do ? And he replied to them. Exact no more than you are authorized to require. And the soldiers likewise interrogated him, say- ing. And what shall we do 1 And he said to them, Assault no person, nor accuse any one on a frivolous pretence ; and be contented with your compensation. Now, while the people were in suspense respecting John, every man imagining within himself that he might be the Messiah ; John thus ad- dressed them all, I indeed baptize you with water; but one more power- ful than I succeeds, the string of whose shoes I am not worthy to untie ; he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire ; whose fan is in his hand, and he will completely cleanse his thrashing-floor, and will gather the wheat into his granary ; but he will consume the chaff" with inextinguishable fire. And moreover, in offering many other exhorta- tions, he continued to proclaim this joyful intelligence to the people. Further, Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him, respecting He- rodias his brother's wife, and in relation to all the crimes which Herod had committed, tdded even this to the number, that he confined John in prise t And it occurred, when all the people were baptized, that Jesus being also baptized, and in supplication, the heaven was opened, and the Holy Spirit descended upon liim, in a corporeal form, like a dove, and a voice proceeded from heaven, which announced, Thou art my beloved Sou ; in thee I have delighted. And Jesus liimself was about thirty years of age, when he commsuced Lliis ministry] ; being, as he was reputed, a son "of Joseph, [or of Mary .amaaL. ^a.^^«Y j.-^t^^^ v. .'■■,,.--.<.,«^..»>.^f^. IIH APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. tJie daughter of Heli], who was [the son-in-law] of Heli, the son of Matthat, who descended from Levi, from Melchi, from Jannah, from Joseph, from Mattathiah, from Amos, from Nahum, from EH, from Naggai, from Shimei, from Joseph, from J?dah, from Johanan, from Rhesa, from Zerubbabel, from Salathiel, from Neri, from Melchi, from Addi, from Cosam, from Elmodam, from Er, from Joses, from Eleazer, from Jorim, from Matthat, from Levi, from Simeon, from Judah, from Joseph, from Jonan, from Ehakim, from Mattathiah, from Nathan, from David, who was the son of Jesse ; the son of Obed, of Boaz, of Salmon, of Nashon, of Aminadab, of Aram, of Hezron, of Pharez, of Judah, of Jacob, of Lsaac, of Abraham, of Terah, of Nahor, of Serug, of Ragau, of Peleg, of Eber, of Salah, of Cainan, of Arphaxad, of Shem, of Noah, of Lamech, of Methusalah, of Enoch, of Jonah, of Mahalaleel, of Cainan, of Enon, of Seth, of Adam, [who was the creation] of GOD. Now Jesus, replete with the Holy Spirit, returned from the Jordan, and was carried about by the Spirit into the wilderness, being forty days tempted by the enemy. And in that period he had eaten nothing ; and after it terminated, he was hungry. And the enemy said to him. If thou art a Son of God, command that this stone may become bread. And Jesus thus replied to him. It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God. And the enemy taking him to a very elevated mountain, exhibited to him, in a moment, all the kingdoms of the land. And the enemy declared to him, I will impart to thee all this authority, with its splendor ; since it is delivered to me, and I give it to whom I please. If, therefore, thou wilt render homage to me, it shall all be thine. And Jesus answering, said to him, It is written, thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and pay adoration to him alone. And the enemy brouglit him to Jerusalem, and set him on the turret of the tem- ple, and said to him, If thou art a Son of God, cast thyself down from this place ; for it is written, He will give his nngels direction concerning thee, to protect thee ; and they shall support thee in their hands, lest thou shouldst, at any time, injure thy foot against a stone. And Jesus replying, said to him, It is announced, Thou sbalt not make trial of the Lord thy (Jod. And the enemy, having concluded every temptation, departed from him for a time. And Jesus, in the great power of the Spirit, returned to Galilee ; an-' »"« i-phets. and you LUKES HISTORY. 135 And in consequence of this, the wisdom of God has nffirmed, I will send to them prophets and apostles, and some of them they will banish, and others they will kill ; so that the blood of all the prophets, which has been shed from the formation of the world, may be requited to this race of men ; from the blood of Abel to the blood of Zechariah, who was slain between the altar and the temple; indeed, I assure you, it shall be requited to this race of people. Alas for you, interpreters of the law ! for you have taken away the key of knowledge : you have not entered yourselves, and those who would have entered, you have obstructed. But while he thus addressed them, the scribes and pharisees began to be enraged, and endeavoured to incite him to speak unadvisedly on other subjects ; insidiously watching him, and attempting to elicit some expression, that they might accuse him. In the mean time, as myriads of people were assembled, so that they trampled on each other, Jesus proceeded to say to his disciples. Above all things, guard yourselves against the leaven of the pharisees, which is hypocrisy. For there is nothing secreted, that will not be unveiled ; nor suppressed, that will not be published ; so that, whatever you have com- municated in darkness, that will b. heard in the light ; and what you have whispered in closets, that wul be proclaimed on the house-tops. But I charge you, my friends, fear not those who kill the body, and can ultimately accomplish no more : but I will direct you whom you should fear; fear him, who, after having killed, has power to cast into gehen- na : indeed, I say to you, fear him. Are not five sparrows sold for two assarii ? yet not one of them is forgotten before God. But even the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Fear not, therefore; you are more valuable than many sparrows. I further state to you. If any one shall acknowledge mc before men, the Son of Man will acknow- ledge him before the angels of God : but he, who renounces me in the presence of men, will be renounced in the presence of the angels of God. And every one who shall inveigh against the Son of Man, it may be forgiven him ; but as for him, who traduces the Holy Spirit, it will not be forgiven. Now, when they arraign you before the synagogjios, and the magistrates, and the rulers, do not solicitously contemplate how, or what you must oppose in defence, or what you mtist allege; for the Holy Spirit will instruct you, in that hour, what ought to be said. Then one of the crowd said to him. Teacher, direct my brother to divide the inheritance with mc. But Jesus replied to him, Man, who constituted mo a judge or an arbiter over you ? And he said to th.-m, See that you beware of all inordinate desires ; since a man's life rests not on the superfluities which he possesses. And ho gave them this example: The lands of a certain rich man prmluced luxuriantly. And he thus reasone.l with himself, What must I nn 7 fnr I Imvo »tt\ »«!».>»'. *^ -i i^ ^ ■ ... ... A " k "t ''"'^'' " ' "''i""" '"•}' narveiis. Ah.i iiu midi-d, i will do this; I will demolinh my storehouses, and build greater ; and 1 will 136 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS, there gather au my products and my goods. And my life I will thu« address, Life! thou hast multiplied acquisitions deposited for ma y years; repose thyself, eat, drink, and rejoice! But God announced o thee! who then will possess what thou hast provided ? Thus is he who acc..mulates treasure to himself, and is not' rich with respe to God! And he subjoined to lus disciples, I therefore charge you, be not anx .ou«ly carelul m relation to your life, what you shfu L nor for the r^m T" \r'' '"'" "'^ '^ •"''" ^'^^^ ^-^' -'' ^he body than raiment. Observe the ravens, that they neither sow nor reap; have no Btorehouse nor granary; yet God feeds them. How far are you pe- ferable to the b,rds 1 And which of you, by solicitude, can add a'solit' rl moment to h.s years 7 If then, you cannot effect the least object vl^ a e you anxious for the rest? Contemplate the lilies, how they flourish^ non hi I j ' T '"*' "'' ^^* ' '^^'"'' *° ^-' *'-* '-» Solo: roH " f . "^''Snihcence, was not arrayed like one of these. And if .^ 1.rowt n^o t,' 7^^*'^^'°"',^'-'' '« »-'«y "' the field, and to-morrow .s hrown into the furnace ; how much more will he array you, O ye you shall dnnk ; nor be in unquiet suspense. For the nations of the world eagerly covet all these objects ; whereas, your Father knows thai fl^nrel^'^H^^^'^""'^^^'''^'^"^^^^^ your Fat7'r *" 'T , ^'"'" ""** ""^ "'"'« ^"'^ ' ^^ '* '-« Pl--cl hn^ar^ i . /"" ^°" ''"' '''"^^"•"- "'"'"^^ "'^ ^""^ possessions, and .mpnrt m beneficence ; provide for yourselves purses that do not decay ZZ? rr '" ''' ''"''"'^ ^^"^^« "" '^'^' approaches nor S destroys, tor where your treasure is, there your heart will also be. like mer'wl " f f''^'^'' ""^ ^""' '""'"« ^"^"'"^ ' «"d yourselves ke men, who awa.t the return of their master from the nuptial feast ; that when he comes and knocks, they may immediately open to him Happy are those servants, whom, when their master arrives, he shall a thrlir "" V"".' *'"' '" "'" ^"' '"'"««'^' ""'^ P'-« them at he table, and come forth and serve them. And if he should con.e n the secoiul watch, or arrive in the third watch, and thus find them. pr etor of the house had been apprised, at what hour the thief wiuld come he would have watched, and not permitted his mansion to be in- vaded. Therefore, be ye also prepared ; for at such a period as you little apprehend, the Son of Man will come. ^ Peter then said to him, Master, dost thou apply this parable to us or eyen to aP 1 And the Lord sa.d. Who, indeed is that fa.thful !ll pr" dent steward, whom lus master shall place over the servants of his fom- ily, to impart the appropriate allowance of food, in its season 7 Haony IS that servant, whom his master, at his arrival, shall find thus employed » I aver to you, u, truth, that he will appoint him to superintend hil entire estate. it. nowevpr. that aanrat.* -I I.J -ii>_..- ' • . . "^ -!"«:u aiiirsn m nis man, My master LUKES HISTORY. 137 defers his return ; and should begin to beat the man-servants and the maidens, and to feast, and carouse, and become inebriated ; the master of that servant will come on a day when he does not expect him, and ai an hour of which he is not aware, and having discarded him, will also assign his portion with the unfaithful. And that servant, who knew the will of his master, and was not prepared, nor conducted in conformity to his will, will be severely scourger. But he who did not know it, though he committed offences deserving correction, will be less severely chastised. For much will be required from every one, to whom much is imparted ; and the more a man is entrusted with, the more will be exacted from him. I am come to send fire to this land ; and what do I wish, — that it were already kindled ? I have, indeed, a baptism to be received ; and how am I constrained ; till it be consummated ! Do you imagine, that I have arrived to dispense peace in the land 1 I announce to you, By no means ; but on the contrary, division : for from this era, five in one family will be at variance ; three against two, and two against three. The father will conflict with the son, and the son with the father ; the mother with the daughter, and the daughter with the mother; the mother-in-law with her son's wife, and the daughter-in-law with her husband's mother. And he further announced to the people. When you perceive a cloud rising from the west, you instantly affirm, that a heavy shower approach- es ; and it occurs. And when the south wind blows, you proclaim, that there will be sultry heat ; and it happens. Dissemblers, you can scan the face of the earth and of the firmament ! but how is it, that you do not comprehend this era ? And indeed, why do you not personally dis- cern what is correct 1 Besides, as thou i)roceede8t with thy legal opponent to the magistrate, bo assiduous, in the way, to bo amicably discharged from him ; Iolced tin* Rnd °.rw Ahrn.h?i!Ti Rt r stp Rt distance, and Lazarus in his bosom ; and exclaiming, he said, Father LUKES HISTORY. J43 Abraham, compassionate me, and send Lazarus, that he may dip the end of his finger in water, and allay my tongue ; for I am tortured in this flame ! But Abraham observed, Son, recollect, that during your We, you enjoyed prosperity; but that Lazarus proportionally endured adversity ; yet now, he is in joy, and you are in sorrow. And aside irom all this, a great chasm is situated between us and you ; so that they, who wish to pass hence to you, are unable ; nor can those, who are there, come to us. He however added, Father, I still entreat you, that you would send him to my father's house ; for I have five brothers • that he may admonish them, lest they also come to this place of misery! Abraham replied to him. They have Moses and the prophets ; let them attend to these. And he said. Indeed, father Abraham, yet if one should go to them from the dead, they would reform. But Abraham declared to him. If they will not listen to Moses and the prophets, they would not be convinced, though one should rise from the dead. Jesus then observed to his disciples. It is impossible entirely to ex- cude enticenientstosin; but alas for him, from whom they proceed' It would be better for him to have an upper millstone fastened to his neck, and to be cast into the sea, than to allure any of these little ones into transgression. Be circumspect as to yourselves : if thy brother injure thee, reprove hira; and if he repent, forgive him. And if seven times in a day he srrgrht .'"' '"' " '"'^"^"'^ ^^*""' ^^^"'"^' ' '^p-^ ' ^- And the apostles said to the Lord, Increase our faith. And the Lord remarked. If you had faith, though it were but as a grain of mustard- seed, you might say to this very sycamine-tree. Be extirpated, and plant- ed in the sea, and it would obey you. Moreover, would any of you. who b^s a servant ploughing, or feeding cattle, say to him on his return from t. e field. Come immediately, and «it down at the table 7 Indeed, would he not rather say to him. Prepare my supper, gird yourself, and serve me, while I am eating and drinking, and afterwards, you may eat and drink ? Does he feel obliged to that' servant, because he has done what was commanded him 1 I apprehend he does not Thus even you, when you have performed all tlungs wWch are required ofyou, affirm, We thy servants have conferred nfflvor for we have done only what we were bound to do. ' Now it happened, as he went to Jerusalem, that he passed through he interior of Samaria and Galilee. And as he entered'a certlvi^^ age. ten men that were lepers met him, who stood at a distance; and raising their voice, they exclaimed, Jesus, Master, take pity on us ! A^d when he saw them, he said to them. Go, present yourselves to the priests And It occurred, as they proceeded, that they were cleansed. And one of them, perceiving that he was healed, returned, loudly praising God- T^^^'^'^^^Sjun.'^^eat the feet of Jesus, offered liim' thanks; now this man was a Samaritan. Then Jesus said in return, Were there not 144 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ten purified 1 but where are the nine ? None are found returning to offer praise to God, except this aUen. And he said to him, Arise, depart ; your faith has restored you. And being interrogated by tlie pharisees, when the empire of God would commence, he replied to them and said, The reign of God is not introduced with scrupulous observation ; nor shall people affirm, Behold, it is here, or behold, there ! for, remember, that the dominion of God is among you. Then he said to the disciples, The period will arrive, when you shall wish to see one of those days of the Son of Man, but will not see it. And when they shall declare to you. Behold, he is here ; or behold, there ; proceed not to follow them. For as the lightning, which glares from one part of the firmament, flashes to the other extremity, thus will the appearance of the Son of Man be, in his day. But he must pre- viously suffer much, and be rejected by this generation. And as it was in the days of Noah, so it will also happen in the days of the Son of Man. They did eat, they drank, they married, they were affianced in marriage, till the day that Noah entered the ark, when the deluge came, and destroyed them all. And likewise, as it was in the period of Lot ; they did eat, they drank, they bought, they sold, they planted, they built ; but on the day when Lot departed from Sodom, fire and sulpliur was showered from heaven, and consumed them all ; even thus it will be, in the crisis when the Son of Man is revealed. At that day, if any one shall be on the house-top, having his furniture in the house, let him not descend to remove it ; and in the same manner, let not him who shall be in the country, return. Remember Lot's wife. He, who shall endeavor to save his life, will lose it ; and he, who shall throw it away, will preserve it. I apprise you, that there will be two men that night in the same bed ; one will be arrested, and the other dismissed. Two women will be grinding together ; one will be seized, and the other re- leased. And in return they said to liim, In what place. Master ? And he observed to them, Where the dead carcass is, there, the eagles will be assembled. Jesus also taught his disciples by a comparison, that they ought habitually to pray, and not to be disheartened ; alleging. There was a judge in a particular city, who neither feared God, nor respected man ; and there was a widow in that city ; and she came to him, saying, Vin- dicate me against my adversary. But he would not for some time ; ulti- mately, however, he thus communed with himself. Though I fear not God, nor regard man ; yet, because this widow importunes me, I will dispense justice to her, lest she stun me by her perpetual application. And the Lord said, Hear what the unjust judge determined ; and will not God do justice for his chosen, who fervently supplicate him day and night, and he is compassionate towards them 1 I declare to you, that he Trill instantly vindicate them, But when the Son of Man arrives, will he find fidelity in this land 1 LUKE'S HISTORY. 145 Then he also communicated this example to some, who fancied them- selves to be righteous, and disdained others : Two men went up to the temple to pray ; one a pharisee, and the other a public exactor. The Pharisee, standing by himself, prayed in this manner, O God, I thank thee, that I am not like other men, rapacious, unjust, dissolute, or even like this public exactor. I fast twice in the week ; I pay tithes of all that I acquire. But the public exactor, standing at a distance, and not danng even to raise his eyes to heaven, smote on his breast, saying, O God, be propitious to me a sinner. I assure you, that this man returned to his house pardoned, and not the other : for every one, who exalts himself, will be humbled ; and he, who humbles himself, will be exalted. Now some presented to him infants, that he might touch them ; and the disciples perceiving it, reproved those [who brought them]. But Jesus called them to him, and said, let the little children come to me, and not forbid them ; for of such, is the kingdom of God. In truth, I say to you, that if any one does not receive the kingdom of God like a little child, he shall by no means enter it. And a certain magistrate interrogated him, saying, Excellent Teacher, what shall I do, that I may inherit eternal life ? And Jesus replied to him, Why do you style me excellent ? None is excellent, but the one God. You know the commandments ; Do not commit adultery ; do not kill ; do not steal ; do not falsely testify ; honor your father and your mother. And he replied, I have kept all these from my childhood. Now Jesus, hearing this, said to him. You are yet deficient in one respect : sell all that you possess, and distribute to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven ; then come, and follow me. But when he heard this, he was extremely afflicted ; for he was very affluent. And Jesus, perceiving that he was in great sorrow, remarked, With what difficulty will they who have wealth, enter the kingdom of God ! Since, it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God. And those, who listened, said, who then can be saved ? But he affirmed. Things which are im- possible with men, are in the power of God. Peter then declared. Behold, we have relinquished all, and followed thee. And Jesus observed to them, I assure you, that there is no one, who has left house, or parents, or brothers, or wife, or children, in the cause of God's kingdom, who will not receive vastly more in this world and in the future state, everlasting life. ' Then Jesus, taking the twelve aside, said to them. Behold, we are go- ing up to Jerusalem, and all things, which are written by the prophets relative to the Son of Man, must be accomplished. For he will be de' hvered to the Gentiles, and will be ridiculed, and malignantly assailed, and spitten on : and having scourged him, they will destroy him ; but on the third day he will return to life. But the twelve did not comprehend any of these things; and thi« subject wa. concealed from them; and tliey recognised not what was disclosed. 19 W^' 146 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. And It occurred, as he was approaching Jericho, that a certain blind man sat begging by the highway ; and hearing the people as they pass- ed, he asked, What does this mean ? And they informed him that Jesus the Nazarean was passin-. And he cried, saying, Jesus, son of David, have mercy on me ! And those, who preceded, severely charged him, that he should be silent ; but he exclaimed more vehemently, Son of David, have mercy on me ! And Jesus stopped, and commanded them to conduct the man to him ; and, when he advanced, asked him, saying. What do you desire me to do for you 1 And he replied, Master, to restore my sight. And Jesus said to him. Receive your sight ; your faith has recovered you. And he instantly saw, and accompanied Jesus, praising God : and all the people, who witnessed it, rendered praise to God. ^ And Jesus, having entered, was passing through Jericho. And be- hold, there was a man named Zaccheus, and he was the chief of the tax-gatherers, and he was opulent. And he sought to view the personal appearance of Jesus; but he could not in consequence of the crowd for he was small in stature. And running forward, he ascended a sycamore, that he might see him ; for he was to pass in that direction. Now as Jesus came tp the place, he looked up, and saw him, and said to him, Zaccheus, come down immediately, for to-day I must remain at your house. So he hastened down, and joyfully received Jesus. And seeing It, they all murmured, alleging. He is gone to be entertained by a man who IS a transgressor. But Zaccheus, presenting himself before Jesus, said, Behold, Master, the half of my possessions I give to the poor; and if I have extorted any thing fr^m any man, I will restore to him four- fold. Then Jesus said respecting him, To-day, salvation has assuredly visited this very family ; since he also is a descendant of Abraham. For the Son of Man is come to seek and to /ecover that which was lost. Moreover, after they had heard these things, he continued, and com- municated a parable, because he was near Jerusalem, and they thought that the reign of God would immediately be revealed. He therefore proceeded ; A certain person of illustrious descent, departed to a distant country, to procure for himself royalty, and then return. And having called ten of his servants, he delivered to them ten minas, and said to them, Ne^irotiate till I come. But his countrymen hated him, and dis- patched an embassy after him, declaring, We will not have this man for our king. And it happened, when ho had returned, vested with royal power, that he commanded those servants, with wh«»n he had entrusted the money, to be called to him, that he might ascertain what acquisition each had made. And the first Hj)pro,Hhed, saying. Sir, your mina has gained ten minas. And he said to him. Well-done, g(»od servant ; since you have been faithful in a very little, receive the government of ten cities. Then the second came, saying. Sir, your mina ha« acquired five minas. And ho subjoined to this. Be thou also governor of five cities. Thea another carae, asseiliug, Sir, see your mma, which 1 have retain- LUKE'S HISTORY. 147 ed, deposited in a napkin; for I feared you, because you are a harsh man ; you exact what you did not give, and reap what you did not sow. But the master says to him. From your own mouth, maHgnant servfet, I will condemn you. Did you know that I was a harsh man, exacting -."hat I did not give, and reaping what I did not sow ? Why then, did you not place my money in the bank, that when I returned, I might have received it, with interest. And he said to his attendants. Take the mina from him, and give it to him who has the ten minas. (And they suggested to him, Sir, he has ten minas). For I assure you, that to every one who has gained, more will be imparted ; and from him who has not gained, even that which he has received, will be taken. More- over, bring here those my enemies, who refused that I should reign over them, and destroy them in my presence. And having made these observations, he preceded, ascending to Jeru- salem. And it occurred, as he arrived near Bethphage and Bethany, at the foot of the mount of Olives so denominated, that he sent two of his disciples, saying. Go to the opposite village, in which as you^mer, you will find a colt tied, on which no man ever rode ; loose, and bVng him. And If any one ask you, Why do you unfasten it ? you shaU^ihus say to him, Because the Master warns him. And they who were '^ent, depart- ed, and found even as he had apprised them. Now, as tliky were loos- ing the colt, the owners of it said to them, Why do you untie the colt 7 But they said. The Master wants him. And they brought it to Jesus • and they threw their own clothes over the colt, and placed Jesus thereon! And as he proceeded, the people spread their garments in the road. And as they advanced even near to tlie lower dechvity of the mount of Ohves, the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice, and to praise God in loud acclamations, for all the miracles which they had witnessed, saying, Blessed be the King, who comes in the name of the Lord ; peace in heaven, and glory in the highest heaven. And some of the Pharisees, among the crowd, said to him. Teacher, reprimand thy discples. But he answered and said to them, I declare to you, that if these should be silent, the stones would immediately exclaim. And as ho came near, surveying the city, he wept over it, saying. Oh that thou hmist considered, at least in this thy day, the t! ings which con- cern thy peace ! but now, they are veiled from thine eyes. For the days are approaching thee, wlien thine enemies will throw a rampart around thee, and environ thee, and press thee in on every side, and evel thee with the ground, and crush thy children in the ruins; and they wiH not leave thee one stone upon another; because thou didst not consider tlio time when thou wast visited. And having entered the temple, he proceeded to drive out those who •old therein, and those who bought, affirming to them, It is written, My house I. a sanctuary of prayer, but you have made it a den cf robbers. And he was dpilv instnir.tinir ii. tlm «»»..j.. . ...i.;i_ *u_ _i,-_/. . •nd the •oribos, and the ruler, of the people were constantly seeking litfgiii. I. 148 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. 1 his destruction ; but could not devise how to effect it ; for all the people listened to him with the greatest attention. And it occurred, on one of those days, as Jesus iaught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, that the chief priests, and the scribes, with the elders, assailed, and addressed him, saying, Inform us by what authority thou dost these things ? or who is he, that empowered thee. Then he stated to them in reply, I will also make one inquiry of you ; and answer me ; Was the authority of John to baptize, from heaven, or from men ? And they conferred together, saying. If we should assert, from heaven ; he will reply, Why then tlid you not be- lieve him ? But if we declare. From men ; all the people will stone us; for they are persuaded that John was a prophet. And they answered, that they could not decide whence it was. And Jesus said to them, neither do I disclose to you by what authority I do these things. He then proceeded to communicate to the people this parable. A man planted a vineyard, and leased it to husbandmen, and took a jour- ney, for a long period, into a distant country. And at the season, he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they might give him of the pro- duce of th« vineyard ; but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him back destitute, ^d he proceeded to send another servant ; and they also beat him, and infamously treated him, and forced him away destitute. And he persisted in sending a third ; and they also wounded him, and drove him out. The proprietor of the vineyard then said. What must I do ? I will send my beloved son ; perhaps, when they see him, they will revcr. uce liim. But the husbandmen, beholding him, thus convers- ed among themselves, This is the heir ; come, let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours. And they thrust him out of the vineyard, and kUled him. What, therefore, will the proprietor of the vineyard do to them ? He will come and destroy those husbandmen, and will give the vineyard to others. And when the people heard it, they said, Let it not be. And Jesus looked on them and said. What then means that expression of scripture, The same stone, which the builders rejected, is made the head of the corner ? Every one, who shall fall on that stone, will bo bruised ; but if it shall full on any one, it will crush him to pieces. And the chief priests and the scribes, in that very hour, sought to lay hands on him •, for they perceived that ho had spoken this parable concerning them ; but they feared the people. And insi.Hously watching him, they sent out spies, affecting to per- sonate conscientious men, that they might fasten upon his disourse, to surrender him to the command and auth«)rity of the procurator. And these interrogated him, fuying. Teacher, we know that thou dost cor- rectly speak and instruct, and dost not partially respect persons, but teachest the way of Go.I witli integrity. Is it lawful for us, or not, to pay taxes to Cesar ? But perceiving their subtilty, ho said to them, Why do you try niv ? Show me u .luniiriiiH. Wj."-.. ......j.„ :.... LUKE'S HISTORY. ,45 and inscription does it bear ? And they answering, aUeged, Cesar's. And he saxd to them. Render, therefore, to Cesar, the things ;hich are Cesar's ; and to God. the things which are God's. And they could not lus reply, they were silent. Then came to him some of the sadducees, who deny that there is any foture existence ; and they thus questioned him. Teacher, Moses dS ed us. m writing, that if any man's brother decease, having a wife I^d he die without children, his brother should marry tie wid!w. I„d' per- petuate posterity to his brother. Now there were seven brol^Lrs and the first, taking a wife, died without children. And the second ma'rrled ^e widow, and he departed childless. Then the third married Ter as d^d hkewise the rest ; they died, and left no children. And last of all. he woman also died. In the future state, therefore, whose wife of them will she be ? for the seven married her. And iels sail to them in reply. The people of this world marry, andt^e gtvTin mar B , uur inaeea, can they die any more ; since thev are like tf.A Ihe Lord sai.f to my Lord, sit thou at my riirht hand till I Z^ ? enemies thy footstool. As David tlius calls C„ 1!?'. "»'''^« »'"«« David's son ? "" ^"'^' ''"^ <=«" '>e be familii,„f„id„„. a,!d, Zr ? ""'."'""""0"'» i "I'o d«,„„r .ho im .wo ,, ,0, 'And ll , "' "7," """""''' "'""' »'*'" ™"'"l^->- ca., h, all 1,„, .„„„„„,„„. '"*" "' '"^ • >"" "'»• f'om l.«r f,„ony, "...0 .hn„. „,u.i, ,„„ ,„i„„d,-u„ unia .;r;a,;3':i°:ni,ot J^; •iii 160 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. I.?k not be left one stone on another, that will not be thrown down. Then they asked him, saying, Teacher, when indeed will these things bet and what wiU be the sign of their occurrence 7 And he said. Be cau- tious, lest you should be seduced ; for many will come under my name, affirmmg, I am the person, and the crisis has arrived ; do not, however, follow them. But when you shaU hear of wars and insurrections, be not terrified ; for these things must previously happen ; but the end is not immediate. He then said to them, nation wiU rise against nation, and kingdom agamst kingdom; and there will be violent earthquakes in various places, and famines, and pestilences ; and there will be terrific appear- ances ; and great prodigies in the sky. But antecedently to these events, they will lay their hands on you, and prosecute you, surrendering you to assemblies and prisons, and arraigning you before kings and gov- ernors on account of my name. But it shall avaU to your vindication. Frivately determine, therefore, not to premeditate on your defence ; for I will give you eloquence and wisdom, which none of your adversaries will be able to controvert, or resist. And moreover, you will be betray- ed by parents, and brothers, and relatives, and friends; and some of you they will cause to be slain. And you will be hated by all, for the sake of my name. But not a hair of your head will perish. By your perseverance you will preserve your lives. Now when you shall see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that Its desolation approaches. Then let those, who are in Judea, fly to the mountains ; and let those, who are in the c»ty, make their escape ; and let not those enter therein, who are in the country. For these will be days of vengeance, in which all the declarations of scripture will be fulfilled. But alas for those who are in gestation, and for them that impart nourishment in those days ! for there will be great distress in the land, and severe displeasure against this people. And they will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be driven away captive into all n&. tions ; and Jerusalem will be trodden by the Gentiles, till the periods of the Gentiles shall be accomphshed. And there will be signs in the sun, and moon, and stars ; and on the earth, nations in complicated cala- mities ; tlie sea and flood roaring ; men expiring through fear and fore- taste of the judgments that await the land ; for the powers of the heaveni will be shaken. And they will then sec the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory. And when these things begin to transpire, look upwards, and lift up your heads ; for your del erance approaches. And ho communicated a parable to them ; Survey the fig-tree, and all the trees ; when they now germinate, you know, from personal observa- tion, that summer is even near. Thus also, when you witness the ac- complishment of these things, know, that the dominion of God is near. Indeed, I declare to you, that this generation will not pass away, till all bo fulfilled. The heaven and the eartli majr yauiBh i b«t my words -hall LUKE'S HISTORY. jgj never fail. Therefore, cautiously attend to yourselves, lest at any time car" ::d thatT'"f u' '' ^'""°"^' '^"'^ ^^-P— « and secZ cares , and that day should come unexpectedly upon you. For it will come as a snare on all those who occupy the surface of this whole laTd Constantly watch, therefore, and pray, that you may be regarded worthy Thus, every day he taught in the temple ; but at night he retired and edged a what .s called the mount of Olives. And every mor" ni ^U the people early resorted to him in the temple, to hear him. ^ Now the feast of unleavened bread, which was called the passover ^ZtT; f *'' f ^' P"««*^ ^"^ ^^'''^ — -«t"ving how they Zp 1 T 7 T ' ^"* *^'^ ^''''"^ '''' P««Pl«- The adversary then tw IJ'7'' r" T ''^"'^ '""""^' •'^•"^ ^' '"^^ number'o th: twelve. And departmg, he consuhed with the chief priests and mm mandjng officers, in what manner he might deliver Jesus';;;:^l^f hZ: ceded an^dT^hn"' ''""'' *" '''' '^"^ ^ ^'^'^^ «"- ' -^ he at commotion. '" «PPort«mty to surrender him to them, without Moreover, the day of unleavened bread came, on which the nassovpr was to he sacrificed. And he sent Peter and John, saying. Go S pre pare for us the passover. that we may eat it. But they asked him Where dost thou wish us to prepare it 1 And he answered hel. i™: hold as you are entenng the city, a man will meet you, carryiLra Pitcher of water ; follow him to the house where he enters • TnlZ! t. the master of the fa.nily. The teacher inquires of you. Whe"e 7Z guest^hamber in which I may eat the passover with my del 7 parafo; " A^ Th'"" "" ''''' "^^""' ^''°'" ^"'"'^''^^ ' there'm akTpre! paration. And they went and found every thing as be had infcr^. I them ; and they prepared the passover. ^ ^"'™'^ apttlts"' A„dt''"'w"7'' 'x 1!''^''^' '^■"^^''■''^ '^"^'^ -"h his twelve apostles. And he said to them. I have most earnestly desired to P„f fh passover witl. you. before I suffer death : for I declare tyZt tba I wi H An/r of another, till it be accomplished in the kingd >m of oT/d And havmg received a cup. ho gave thanks, and said. Take this and dispense .t among you : for I assure you. that I will „o agah. dhnk "f he product of the vine, till the reign of God shall comme"ce Ami .av.ng taken a loaf, and offered thanks, he broke it, and ga e Tt T; .htn tion of me. And m a suni.ar manner, he imparted the cup after sunner .aymg. Tlu« cup .s the new covenant, poured out for you whh my C' Recollect, hcwcver. that the hand of him who betray, me "cm the taWe wuh mine. And the Son of Man is indeed departing,' as t wa defined ; but alas for that man by whom he is l>etrayed ! Ami tl eyle ja„ to .nqmre among themselves, which of them it Lui b., thcU^^ '■•':''W5?9'^*''P 15S APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. 1 t ! ) •■| And there was a contention among them, which of them should he considered the greatest. But he observed to them, The kings of the na- tions exercise dominion over them ; and they who oppress them are styled benefactors. But with you it must be otherwise : indeed, let him, who is the senior among you, become as the younger ; and let him who rules, be like him that obeys. For which is greater, he who is attended at table, or he who attends ? Is it not he who is attended ? Yet I am among you as the servant. You are they who have continued with me in my trials. And I assign to you a kingdom, as my Father has assign- ed to me ; that you may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and sit on thrones, as judges of the twelve tribes of Israel. Then the Lord said, Simon, Simon, behold, the adversary has assidu- ously sought you all, that he might sift you like wheat ; but I have prayed for thee, that thy faith may not entirely fail ; and when you are restored, estaWish these your brethren. And Peter declared to him. Master, I am prepared to accompany thee, even to prison, and to death. But Jesus said, I aver to you, Peter, that a watch-trumpet will not sound this day, till you have thrice denied that you know me. Then he said to them. When I sent you without purse, or bag, or shoes, were you deficient in any thing ? And they replied. In nothing. He then said to them. Now, however, he who has a purse, let hirn take it, and likewise his bag ; and let him who has no sword, sell his mantle, and purchase one. For I announce to you, that this scripture. He was ranked among malefactors, must now be accomplished in me : for the things relating to me, are soon to be fulfilled. And they said. Master, behold, here are two swords. And he replied to them, it is sufficient. He then went out, and repaired as he was accustomed, to the mount of Olives ; and his disciples also followed him. Moreover, having arrived at the place, he said to them, pray that you may not yield to temptation. And he retired from them about a stone's throw, and kneehng down he prayed, saying. Father, O that thou wouldst take away this cup from me ; yet, not my will, but thine be done. And there appeared to him a messenger from heaven, fortifying him. And being i. /, he prayed more intensely ; and his sweat resembled great drops of blood fulling on the ground. And rising from prayer, he came to the disciples, and found them sleeping through sor- row, and said to them, Why do you sleep ? Arise and pray, lost the trial overpower you. And while he was yet speaking, behold, a multitude, and he who was called Judas, one of the twelve, preceded them, and approached Jesus to kisH him. And Jesus said to him, Judas, do you betray the Son of Man with a kiss ? And when they who were about him, perceived what would ensue, they said to him. Master, shall we strike with the svvoid. And one of them struck a servant of the high priest, and cut off his right ear. And Jesus said in return, Desist now ! And ho touched his ear, and heolud liim. Jcsuh then nhs^-rvcd to the chief priests, and officera LUKE'S HISTORY. ,5^ of the temple-guard, and elders, who were proceeding to assault hin. Do you advance with swords and clubs, a^s in pS of Trobb ^ lice" b^hT '"" T' ''' ^" *'^ ^^"'P^^' y- «ff-ed me no ^ Th^v tv. " y«"r hour, and the power of darkness. ho,7«« Vif VT'"** **""' ^""^ ^'^ ^"^ ^^^y' and brought him to the th V had U .;^. "r*- ^"dP^^^r followed at a distanL TJXn Peter s«tH " ^'" *u *'' ™^^* "'*^« ^^"' ^"^ -«- seated togeTher s^tt^Il a ^^JV^-^hem. But a certain maid-servant perceivf d him sitting at the fire, and attentively beholding him declared TJ.i« errog„te,you will neither respond to me, nor discharge me Frl" A„^",t'I;'i "'''°''' """''"'''' "'"""" •"""• ""J ><") '•=»"> «way to Pilate And they Iwgnn to itcouse lim, nlleiinir Wr fo..„j .1 , >y inciting ,„i. nation, „„a forWddi'ngfhe™ to nay ZeTc '°"'" 80 154 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. And when Herod beheld Jeeus, he was exceedingly rejoiced ; indeed, he had for a long time been desirous to see him, because he had heard much concerning him ; and he hoped to witness his performance of some miracle. And he examined him in many particulars, but Jesus made him no reply. Now the chief priests and scribes, who were pre- sent, eagerly accused him. Then Herod with his soldiers infamously treated him, and having in derision arrayed him in a resplendent robe, remanded him to Pilate. And on the same day Pilate and Herod be- came mutual friends ; for they had previously been hostile to each other. Then Pilate, having summoned the chief priests, and the magistrates, and the people, said to them. You have brought tliis man before me, as one who excites the people to revolt ; yet, having examined him in your presence, I have not found him guilty of any of those crimes of which you accuse him. Nor indeed has Herod ; for I referred you to him. Be assured, then, that he has done nothing to deserve death. I will therefore chastise, and acquit him. (For it was necessary that he should release to them one prisoner at the festival). Then they all exclaimed, with one accord. Take this man away, and release to us Barabbas : (who, for an insurrection made in the city, and for murder, had been thrown into prison.) Upon this Pilate, disposed to release Jesus, again addressed them. But they thus vociferated. Crucify, crucify him. And he said to them, the tlurd time, Why, what evil has this man done ? I have not found him chargeable with any capital crime. Having there- fore scourged, I will discharge him. But they were urgent with loud voices, requiring that he might be crucified. And their clamors, and those of the chief priests prevailed. And Pilate adjudged, that it should be as they demanded. And he released the one whom they desired, who for sedition and murder had been imprisoned ; but he surrendered Jesus to their will. And as they led him away, they seized one Simon, a Cyrenian, com- ing from the country, and they laid the cross on him, that he might car- ry it after Jesus. Now a great multitude followed him, among whom were many women, who bewailed and lamented him. But Jesus, turn- ing to them, said. Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but ween for yourselves, and for your children. For, behold, the days are com- ing, in which tliey shall declare, Happy are the sterile, even they who never had offspring, and those who never imparted nourishment. They shall then begin to say to the mountains. Fall on us, and to the hills, Cover us. For if these things are done, while the tree is green ; what will be done when it is dry 1 Now two others, who were criminals, were also led with him, to be executed. Moreover, -vhen they came to the place which is called Calvary, they there nailed liim to the cross, and the malefactors also, one at his right hand, and the other at his left. Then Jesus said. Father forgive them ; for they know not what they do. And iliey parted his garments by lot. LUKE'S HISTORY. 166 And while the people were gazing, even their rulers joined them in treat- ing lum with the utmost contempt, affirming, He save others ! let him save himself, if he is the Messiah, the chosen of God. And the soldiers also dended him, coming to him, and offering him vinegar, and saying, If thou art the King of the Jews, save thyself. And further, there was an inscription over his head, in Greek, and Roman, and Hebrew letters, This IS the King of the Jews. Now, one of the malefactors, who suffered with him, reviled him, say- ing. If thou art the Messiah, preserve thyself and us. But the other in reply reproved him, observing, Do you not fear God, when you are in the same condemnation 1 And we, indeed, justly ; for we receive what IS due for the crimes we have committed ; but this man has done nothing amiss. And he said to Jesus, Remember me, Lord, when thou comest into thy kingdom ! And Jesus declared to him, I assure you, that this day you shall be with me in paradise. And it was about the sixth hour, and there was darkness over the whole land, till the ninth hour. And the sun was obscured, and the veil of the temple was rent in the midst. And Jesus, exclaiming with a loud voice, said. Father, to thy hands I commit my soul; and having thus spoken, he expired. Now when the centurion saw what was done, he praised God, asserting. This was, assuredly, a righteous man. And all the people, who were assembled at this spectacle, perceiving what was done, returned, beating their breasts. And all his acquaintance, and the women who had followed him from Galilee, stood at a distance, wit- nessing these things. And fiirther, there was a member of the sanhedrin, named Joseph, from Anmathea, a city of the Jews, a good and just man, who did not concur m the counsel and conduct of the rest, but was even personally awaiting the reign of God. This man went to Pilate, and solicited the body of Jesus. And having taken it down, he wrapped it in fine linen, and placed it in a tomb excavated from a rock, in which no one was ever previously laid. And it was the day of preparation, and the sabbath was lighting up. And moreover, the women who accompanied him from Galilee, followed, and viewed the sepulchre, and in what mode his body was deposited. And tliey returned, and provided spices and balms ; and then rested on the sabbath, according to the commandment. But, on the first day of the week, very early in the morning, they went with some others to the tomb, carrying the aromotics, which they had prepared. Now they perceived, that the stone was removed from the sepulchre. And having entered, they found not the body of the Lord Jesus. And it occurred, as they were in great anxiety respecting this, behold, two men stood near thorn, in splendid vestments. And while the women were in consternation, and inclining their faces to the earth, the men said to them. Why do you seek him who lives among the dead ? He IS not here, but is risen : rcmemhRr how Im f.«ut purification. And they went to John, and said to him. Teacher, he who was with thee near the Jordan, of whom thoi, gavest so great a character, he also baptizes, and the people resort to liim. John rephe.l and said, A man can have no p.mer, but what he .lenves from heaven. You are |,ersonally witnesses for me, that I alleg- ed, I am not the Messiah ; but am sent before hii.i. He who possesses the hrnle is the bridegroom ; but the friend of the bridegroom, who assists him, greatly rejoices to hear the bridegr.«.n.'H voice : this my joy !■ therefore conauminntnil. If.. .......> ;..,. _,. ...lm.. • . • . . .- ' , -- - !T-r!-r-. TTiijir i luminisn. IIP. Who comes from above, superior to all. He who is from the earth 91 IS 162 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. earthly, and speaks as being from the earth. He who proceeds from heaven transcends all. And he testifies to that which he has seen and heard ; yet his testimony is not received. He, who has received liis testimony, has confirmed, as it were, by his seal, that God is true. For he whom God has commissioned, relates the words of God ; for to him God imparts not the Spirit by limitation. The Father loves the Son, and has entrusted all things in his hand. He, who believes on the Son, has eternal life ; whereas, he who disobeys the Son, will not see life ; but the displeasure of God continues towards him. As soon as Jesus knew, that the pharisees were informed, that he had made more disciples, and baptized more disciples than John, (though it was not Jesus himself, who was accustomed to baptize, but his disciples), he left Judca, and departed again to Galilee. And it was necessary for him to pass through Samaria. He therefore came to a Samaritan city called Sychar, near the heritage, which Jacob gave to his son Joseph. Now Jacob's well was there. And Jesus, be- ing wearied with the journey, accordingly sat down by the well, it being about the sixth hour. A woman of Samaria came to draw water. Jesus says to her, Permit me to drink. (For his disciples were gone to the city to buy food). The Samaritan woman then observes to him. How dost thou, being a Jew, request drink of me, who am a Samaritan ? (for the Jews have no friendly intercourse with the Samaritans). Jesus re- marked to her in reply. If you had known the bounty of God, and who it is that says to you. Permit me to drink, you would certainly have re- quested him, and he would have given you living water. The woman says to him. Sir, thou hast no bucket, and the well is deep ; whence hast thou then this living water ? Art thou greater than our father Jacob who gave us this well, and drank of it himself, with his children, and his cattle T Jesus answered and said to her. Whoever drinks of this water, he will thirst again ; but he, who drinks of the water that I shall give him, will never thirst more ; but the water, that I shall give him, will become within him a fountain, flowing out to everlasting life. The woman says to him, Sir, give me this water, that I may never bo thirsty, nor come here to draw. Jesus says to licr, Un, call your hus- band, and return. The woman aflirmed in answer, I have n«> hu»tband. Jesus declares to her, you have correctly asserted, I have no husband. For you liave had five husbands ; and he whom you now claim, is not your husband ; in this you have spoken the truth. The woman observes to him. Sir, I perceive that thou art a prophet. Our fathers worshipped on this mountain ; but do ye say that in Jerusalem is the place where men ought to worship 1 Jesus says to her, Woman, believe nie, the hour is coming, when yo will neither worship the Father on this moun- tain, nor at Jerusalem. Yr are not aware what you worship ; wo know what we worship : for salvation is from the Jews. But the bom- ap- proaches, and is now present, when the real worshippers shall adore the tathcf in ipifit nmi in truth ; for i'na rather i«*vki» KiUih Ui nuort; iiini. : I JOHNS HISTORY. j^g God is a Spirit ; and they who worship him, ought to worship in spirit r« t^ Tu ^ '^'""^" '^^' *° *'™' ^ ''""^ »*>** t^« Messiah, (that s, the Christ), ,s coining : and when he is come, he will teach us all ttungs. Jesus says to her, I who address you am he. And at this time his disciples came, and were surprised that he con- versed with the woman ; yet none said, what dost thou seek ? or, why dost thou converse with her ? The woman then left her pitcher, and having returned to the city, said to the people, Come, see a man who has told me all that ever I did ; is this the Messiah ? They then de- parted from the city, and were coming to him. And in the mean time, his disciples entreated him, saying. Master, eat. But he said to them, I have food to eat, of which >ou are not ap' prised. His disciples, therefore, said to each other. Has any one brought him food to eat. Jesus says to them. My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to finish his work. Do you not say, that there are yet four months to precede harvest. Behold, I say to you, Lift up your eyes, and survey the fields ; for they are sufficiently white for harvest Ihe reaper receives compensation, and gathers fruit to eternal life ; that he who sows, and he who reaps, may unitedly rejoice. For in this is that proverb verified, One is the sower, and another is the reaper I Bent you away, that you might reap t' at on which you bestowed no* la- bor : others toiled, and you have participated in the harvest. Now many of the Samaritans from that city beheved in him, on the testimony of the woman, who declared. Ho told mo all that ever I did. When therefore the Samaritans came to him, they implored him to continue with them ; and he remained there two days. And many more beheved, on account of his own discourse ; and said to the woman. We ,„,w behcvc, not in conHcpierice of your declaration ; for we our- selves have heard him, and know that this is really the Mc8.iah, the Saviour of the world. Moreover, after those two days ho departed thence, and went into Oahleo, [but ,K.t to Nazareth] ; for Jesus himself luul declared, that a prophet IS not regarded in his own country. When therefore he had arrived u. (.nl.Iee, he was well received by the Galileans, who had seen ed llTkM *" ' ''"""« *•'* ^*"'*''"' 5 ^"' "'"y 'i'^««'»« attend. Then Jesus returned to Catia of Galilee, where he had chanued the water into wine. An.l there wns a certain officer ,.f the court, whose son was sick at Capernaum ; who. having hear,! that Jesus had come from Judea to Galilee, went to him, «„.l entreated luni that he would to down ami heal his son ; for he was at the point of d.ath. Jesus then observed to him. Unless ye witness signs and prodigies, ye will not by any moans believe. The officer says to h.m, Sir, come down before my child expires. Jesus says to him, Retire, your son is recovered. And the inun confided in the declaration whirh .I.,»... ».a.i ^„.i- ._ l:_ , Withdrew. Now «s ho was returning, his servants met hini, and thus mm fin IG4 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. informe«l him, Your son is well. He then inquired of them the hour when he was restored. And they said to him, Yesterday, nt the seventh hour, the fever left him. The father therefore knew that this was the very time, when Jesus said to him. Your son is recovered ; and he and all his family believed. This second miracle Jesus performed, after returning from Judea to Galilee. After this, there was a Jewish festival ; and Jesus went up to Jeru- salem. Now there is at Jerusalem, near the sheep-gate, a bath, which is called, in the Hebrew language, Bethesda, having five covered walks. In these were placed a great number of sick persons ; blind, lame, withered ; awaiting the commotion of the water. For at a certain period, a messenger descended into the bath, and agitated the water : the first, therefore, who entered after the agitation of the water, was healed of whatever disease he had. Now a man was there, who had been infirm for thirty-eight years. Jesus seeing him extended, and knowing that he had thus remained for a long time, says to him. Do you desire to be healed ? The disabled man replied to him. Sir, I have no man, when the water is moved, to put me into the bath ; but while I am coming, another descends before me. Jesus says to him. Arise, take up your couch, and walk. And the man' was immediately restored, and took up his couch, and walked. Now that day was the sabbath. The Jews, therefore, said to him who was lieakMl, This is the sabbatli ; it is not lawful for you to carry the couch. He answered them. The person who restored me, even he said to me, Take up your couch, and walk. They then asked him, Wlio is the nian that directed you to take up your couch and walk ? But he that had been healed, did not know wlu) it was ; for Jesus had with- drawn himself, there being a crowd in the place. Jcsiis'afterwards met him mi the temple, and said to him, Behold, yoti are recovered ; sin no more, lest something worse befall you. The man departed, and informed the Jews that it was Jesus, who had restored him to health. And the Jews persecuted Jesus on this account, and en- deavored to destroy him, because he used to do these things on the sabbath. But Jesus remarked to them, as my Father works till now, I also work. For this reasim the Jews sought the more to kill him, because he had not only violated the sabbath, luit also alleged that God was his own Father, making himself equal with (Jod. Jesus then replied and said to them, In trutii, I assure you. The Son can do nothing of himself, except what he sees the Father doing : but those things which ho \iet- forms, even these likewise does the Son perform. For the Father loves the Son, and shows him all titat he himself does : irdee 1, he will exhibit to him greater operations than these, even such as »ill astonish you. For HH the Father raises the u had believed Moses, you would have believed me ; because ho wrote concerning me. Bu • you do not confide in his writings, how will you confide in my words ? I.ber as. And many people followed h.m, because they had seen his miracles which ho norfoniind ^ thu!ii5, wji! were uwcaatu. ..lijd JusUs :**'• m; APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ascended a uiouiitaiu, and there sat down with liia disciples. Now the Jewish festival of the passover was near. Jesus then lifted up his eyes, and perceiving that a great multitude was approaching him, he says to Philip, Where may we purchase bread, to feed these people ? (He said this, however, to try him, for lie knew liimself what he was to do). Phihp replied to him, Bread, to the value of two hundred denarii, is not sufficient for them, even to afford every one a little. One of his disciples, Andrew, the brother of Simon Peter, says to him, there is a lad here, who has five barley loaves, and two small fishes ; but what are these among so many ] Jesus, however, said. Cause the men to be seated. (Now there was much grass in the place). The men accordingly sat down, about five thousand in number. Then Jesus took the loaves, and having offered thanks, he distributed to the disciples, and the disciples to those who had reclined ; and he gave them likewise of the fishes as much as they wished. Now, when they were satisfied, he says to his disciples. Gather the fragments which remain, that nothing be lost. They, therefore, collected them, and with the frag- ments, which the people who were fe J '^ad left, of the five barley loaves, they filled twelve baskets. When those men, therefore, had seen the miracle, which Jesus had wrought, they declared. This is certainly the Prophet, who was to come into the world Then Jesus, knowing that they intended to come and seize him, that tliey might constitute him a king, again withdrew, entirely alone, to a mountain. And when evening arrived, his disciples went down to the sea, and having entered a vessel, they passed along the coast towards Caper- uuiim. And it was now dark, and Jesus had not yet come to them. And the sea arose, in consequence of a tempestuous wind. So when they had driven about twenty-five or thirty furlongs, they perceived Jesus walking on the sea, and iipproaching the boat, and they were afraid. But he says to them. It is I ; be not afraid. They then received him joyfully into the bark ; and the bark was immediately at tiie place, to which they were going. On the siibseijuent day, the people who were by the side of the lake, as they sow that Jiiere was no other vessel there, except that, in wliich his disciples embarked, and that Jesus did not enter the vessel with his disciples, but that his disciples departed alone ; (though indeed, other vessels came from Tiberias to the vicinity of the place where they had eaten bread, after the Lord had given thanks) ; and further, when the people perceived that Jesus was not there, nor his disciples, they enter- ed their boats, ond came to Capernaum, searching for Jesus. And finding him across the lake, they said to him. Teacher, when didst thou arrive here 7 Jesus answered them and soid, Most confident- ly, I declare to you, that you do not seek me, because you witnessed miracles, but because you |)articipatod of the htaves, and were satisfied. Labor not to procure the food which porishoa, Imt that food which en- JOHN'S HISTORY. ,gy dures through eternal life, which the Son of Man will give you : for to hnn. the Father, that in, God, has given his attestation^ They accord" .ngly asked hin. What are the works which God requires us to do Jesus replied and said to them, This is the work, which God requires" hat you behove in him, whom he has commissioned. They theTsS to him. What miracle, therefore, dost thou exhibit, that seeing it we may believe thee 1 what dost thou perform 1 Our fa'thers did eat'mann: eat Z?:ir"' "? " I' "^l"^"' "'^ ^^^« *»'^'» •''-'^ «f heaven to eat. Jesus then said to them. In truth, I assure you, that Moses did not fromC T f °" 'r^" ' •'"* ™^ ^'^^^^ ^-« ^- *he true bread from heaven : for that is the bread of God, which descends from heaven and imparts life to the world. They therefore said to him, Master per^ brTado^fTf! "V \'""'- ^"' ''-''' '''"'^'^^' *" th^m,! TmThc liefe"' wlar'"'^.f you though you have seen me. yet you do not be- heve. Whatever the Father gives me, that will come to me ; and him who comes to me, I will not reject : because I descended from hearn' not to do my own w.U, hut the will of him, who sent me. And this i" the purpose of hnn, who sent me, that I should lose nothing „? wha ho has g.ven me, but should reanimate the whole at the last day. And this Son andTfd "'f" T "'^' *'"^ -ery one, who recognise th: Son and confides in him, should have everlasting life ; and that I should reanimate him at the last day. ''' am?hrhl' ^'''? T'"^ """"' "''"'" '•''"' '""••"""•ed, because he said, I am the bread which descended from heaven. And they observed Is How t Jesus, the son of Joseph, whose father and motLr rknow How then does he allege. I came down from heaven ? Jesus renTed and said to them, Do not murmur among yourselves • no ,„! 1 come to me, unless the Father, who has sent'mrd/aw IL ranTl Z res ore h.m to life „t the last day. It is written in the IpLts T^ v from' '•y-^'-^^^d by God. Every one, who has heard and LTneJ from the Father, comes to me. Not that any one has seen the Father except he who is from God. He, truly, has Ln the fI r Indeld l' «ole„.„,^ a ,„ y„„^ ^,,^^ ^^ J^^^ ^ me?ts eterna hfe any one mav et of^t" '!, 'r'^'''/'-'' ^^^^^-^'^ ^^om heaven, that the I'nXir f ' " " '^"•. '• "'" •^'"'^^"''^•^ *•-•" heaven, an. for the life of the woHd ^ ^ "^ '""''' ''^"'^' ^ ^'^ ""P«« and drinks mv hl^/i •''""■ "^' "'"' ««" my body drinks my blood, possesses eternal life, and I will restore him to lifo 166 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. at the last day : for my body denotes the true food, and my blood de- notes the true drink. He, who eats my body and drinks my blood, abides in me, and I abide in him. As the living Father has sent me, and I live through the Father, so he, who participates of me, even he shall live through me. This is the bread which descended from heaven. It is not like the manna, which your fathers did eat, for they died : he, who eats this bread, shall eternally live. He communicated these things, as he was teaching in the synagogue, at Capernaum. Many, therefore, of his disciples, having listened, declared. This is a difficult doctrine ; who can comprehend it ? Jesus, however, secretly conscious that his disciples murmured at it, said to them, Do you revolt at this ? but what if you should see the Son of Man ascending to his former place ? It is the spirit that gives life ; the body is unavailing : the words, which I have spoken to you, are spirit, and life. But there are some of you who do not beheve. (For Jesus knew from the begin- ning, who they were that did not believe, and who he was that would betray him). And he added, I, therefore, apprised you, that no man can come to me, unless he is permitted by my Father. From this period, many of his disciples withdrew, and accompanied him no longer. Jesus, therefore, said to the twelve, Do you also desire to go away ? Simon Peter then answered him, Master, to whom should we go ? Thou hast the words of eternal life : and we believe, and have ascertained, that thou art The Consecrated of God. Jesus still address- ed them. Have I not constituted you the twelve, and yet one of you is a traitor. Now he referred to Judas Iscariot, son of Simon ; for it was he, though one of the twelve, who was about to betray him. And after this, Jesus travelled about in Galilee ; for he would not travel in Judea, because the Jews sought to kill him. Now the Jewish feast of tabernacles was near. His brothers, there- fore, said to him, remove hence, and ropair to Judea, that thy disciples may also see the works which thou performest. For no one does any thing in obscurity, while he himself wishes to be in celebrity. If thou dost these things, display thyself to the world. (For not even his broth- ers believed in him). Jesus then says to them, My time is not yet ar- rived ; but your time is always at disposal. The world cannot hate you ; but it hates me, because I testify in relation to it, that its works are evil. Go ye up to this festival. I am not at present going to it ; because it is not yet my time. Having made these observations to them, he remained in Galilee. But when his brothers were gone, then he also went up to the feast, not publicly, liut rather, in u private manner. Moreover, the Jews in- quired for him at the festival, and said. Where is lie 1 And there was a great conflict among the people respecting him. Some indeed affirm- ed. Assuredly, he is a good man ; others declared. No ; for he seduces the populace. However, no one spoke with freedom concerning him, through fear of the Jews. JOHN'S HISTORY ,«, 1(19 And now, about the midst of the period of the festival, Jesus went to does t^ ' ''"^'*- ^"•^ *^^ ''^' -«- -*--hed saj^L How myself He, who teaches what proceeds from himself seeks to r^Z mote h,s own glory; but he, who seeks to promJe tt rforv of H who sent him. deserves credit, and is a strangeTl dtceft hI . Moses given you the law 1 but not one of you obeys the llw wLT Ziac"''\"f ' '''' ' '''' P^^'P'^ -- '-^^ -d «^d hTu J It momac : who desares to kill thee T Jesus remarked to them „ reply I hufLT *^'^"'™«'«'«" among you, (not that it is from Moses but from the patriarchs) ; and you circumcise a child on the sabbaTh the law of Moses, are you mcensed against me, because I have entirely restored a man on the sabbath ? Judge not according to appearance but dispense righteous judgment. appearance, wntnce i am J Indeed, I came not of mvself • but h^ «,»,« sent me,. s worthy of belief, whom you know not Tk.'.ow him b^ .mracles than this person has performed ] ^ '^°''" ^'■'"'^•' The Pharisees heard, that the people thus debated rp«„».*- u- »nd .„e p,,„™ee, „„d ,„e ohief,„L,.' di., JcW 0^3. f« I' .he llif ""■"„ r™''.°""""" '°"'^'-"°" • ""»'" »i«."™ Id inen 1 sliall go to him, who sont mo. You will „•], -,„ t... ii «nd mo ; „„J „hore I shall he, .hor,, you co„„o el. The Je „"°* ^d among ,„e„,e..e.. Where wi„ L go, C tTL/J: 1:7^^", -.ive .» .he s,,,.irw,r^h:;::h?;.H;^'::^^^^^^^^^^^ --- '•■-■(^^S*&4i,j.^)ijs|a|v, if 170 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. for the Spirit was not yet imparted, because Jesus was not yet glorified). Many of the people, therefore, when they heard this observation, declar- ed. This is assuredly the Prophet. Others said. This is the Messiah. But some said, Shall the Messiah then proceed from Galilee 1 Has not the Scripture announced, that the Messiah is derived f-ora the posterity of David, and from Bethlehem, the village '. (i.vf I>BTi';! was born? There was thus a dissension among the peijtle conrtkiuiag him. And some of them wished to seize him ; but no on« laid hands on him. The officers then returned to the chief priests and pharisees, who asked them. Why did you not bring him ? The officers replied. No man ever spoke like this man. The pharisees then answered them. Are you also deceived 1 Have any of the rulers or of the phRvi' c^,; believed in him ? But this populace, who do not know the law, are detestable. Nicodemus, one of their number, (he, who came to Jesus by night), said to them. Does our law permit us to condemn any man without previously hearing him, and ascertaining his conduct ? They answered and said to him. Are you also a Galilean ? Investigate, and you will find, that no prophet is to arise from Galilee. Moreover, Jesus again resumed his discourse to them ; I am the light of the world ; he who follows me will not walk in darkness, but will possess the light of life. Upon this the pharisees said to him. Thou tes- tifies! respecting thyself; thy testimony is not to be regarded. Jesus remarked to them in reply. Though I testify respecting myself, yet my testimony ought to be regarded, because I know whence I came, and where I shall go ; but you neither know whence I come, nor where I am going. You judge from human appearance ; I judge no one. And yet, if I judge, my sentence is correct ; for I am not single, but concur with the Father, who sent me. It is even a maxim in your law, that the testimony of two men is valid. I am a witness concerning myself; and the Father, who sent me, testifies concerning me. They then said to him. Where is thy Father ? Jesus replied. You neither know me, nor my Father : if you knew me, you would also know my Father. Jesus uttered these words in the treasury, as he was instructing in the temple ; but no one arrested him ; for his hour had not yet arrived. Then Jesus again said to them, I am going away, and you will seek me, but will die in your sins ; where I go, you cannot come. The Jews then said. Will he destroy himself ? for he declares. Where I go, you cannot come. And he alleged to them. You are from below ; I am from above. You are of tliis world ; I am not of this world. I there- fore affirmed to you, that you will die in your sins ; for, if you believe not that I am from above, you will perish in your transgressions. They then said to him. Who art thou ? And Jesus observed. Precisely what I have already communicated to you. I have numerous particulars to disclose, and to condemn, in relation to you : but he who sent me is worthy of belief; and I announce to the world those things which I have received from him. They did not comprehend, that he revealed to JOHN S HISTORY. jy^ mZ '\^f^'-l''^' then reminded them, When you shall have hfted up the Son of Man, you will then know that I am from above, and that I do nothing of myself ; but represent these things, as my Father has nstrueted me. And he, who sent me, is with me. The Father has not left me alone ; because I always perform what is acceptable to him. As he was making these observations, many beUeved in him. Jesus then remarked to those Jews, who believed him, If you continue in this doctrme of mine, you are assuredly, my disciples ; and you wiU know the truth, and the truth will emancipate you. Some replied to him. We are Abraham's posterity, and have never been enslaved to any man. How dost thou affirm. You shall be eman- cpated ? Jesus answered them, In truth, I assure you, that every one tTlirT? '"\'' "''"'' *""°' ^""^'^^ ''''-^' d««« -t con- fth"lf .V«* '/7"^' ^"' *'"^«" perpetually remains there. If therefore, the Son shall liberate you, you will indeed be free. I know hat you are Abraham's posterity; but you endeavor to destroy me, because this my doctrine exists not in you. I pronounce that which I have witnessed with my Father ; but you perform that which you have learnt from your father. They answered and said to him, Abraham is our father. Jesus says to them, If you were the children of Abralmm aLT u' "'^f ' "' ^''•^'""- ^"* "«- ^«» -« «eeking.1Z; Abraham would not have done, to kill me; a man who has spoken to you the truth, which I have heard from God. You accomplish the objects of your father. They then said to him. We are not of co„! taminated descent. We have one Father, even God. Jesus stated to them If God were your Father, you would love me ; since I proceeded and have come from God ; for indeed, I have not arrived of i^yse , bt he has sent me. Why do you not comprehend my mode of illustration. It IS because you cannot endure my doctrine. You are from your father he calumniator, and the violent passions of your father you will indulge He was a murderer from the beginning ; and continued not in the trufh because tliere is no veracity in him. When he utters a falsehood proceeds from his own disposition ; for he is false, and the father oj falsehood. Now I speak the truth, but you do not believe me. wLch of you can convict me of sin 1 And if I speak the truth, why do you no believe me J He who is from God, regards the wirds'^of G^ld You disregard them, because you are not from God thaT'Tbo^"'''. «n«wered and s« to him. Have we not reason to affirm, that thou art a Samaritan, ai. hast a demon 7 Jesus replied, I have no a demon 5 but I honor my Father, and you dishonor me. I eJk no however, to promote my own glory ; another seeks it. who judges d^ath ThH' '\r'''r'r' '^"^'^ -y word, he will never se tT' ■ AK .' ''""/"'^ '" '"•"' ^•^^ ''' ^'^ «««•*«"» t»»^t thou art a demoniac : Abraham died, and the prophets ; yet thou sayest. If a„y one keep my word, he will never ta«t„ J.,„tJ. a...u„.. /__ A .f"^ our lather Abraham, who is dead r-Th;p;;phe;s'ar:isr;e::a::d1 .'*«»*!iSii&i'ia«t: m APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. whom dost thou think thyself to be ? Jesus replied, If I commend myself, my commendation is nothing : it is my Father who commends me ; of whom you assert. He is our God. Yet you do not know him ; but I know him : and if I should affirm, that I know him not, I should speak falsely like you : but I know him, and keep his word. Your father Abraham earnestly desired to see my day ; and he saw it, and rejoiced. The Jews then said to him. Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham ? Jesus observed to them. In truth, I assure you, that before Abraham was born, I existed. They then took up stones to throw at him ; but Jesus concealed himself, and departed from the temple. And as he was passing along, he saw a man who had been blind from his birth. And his disciples asked him, saying. Master, who sinned, this man, or his parents, that he was born blind ? Jesus answered. It is neither for his own sin, nor that of his parents ; but that the opera- tions of God might be displayed in him. I must perform the work of him who sent me, while it is day ; night approaches, when no one can work. While I am in the world, I am the light of the world. Having made these remarks, he spat on the ground, and made clay with the moisture, and anointed the eyes of the Wind man with the clay, and said to him. Go, wash your eyes at the bath of Siloam, (which signifies, Sent). He accordingly went and washed them, and returned seeing. Now the neighbors, and they wlio had previously seen him, when he was a beggar, said, Is not this he who sat, and solicited alms ? Some affirmed. This is he ; others alleged. He resembles him ; but he declared, I am the man. They then said to him. How were your eyes opened ? He replied and said, A man called Jesus, made clay, and applied it to my eyes, and said to me, Go to the bath of Siloam and wash your eyes. I therefore went, and washed them, and received sight. They then said to him. Where is he ? He answered, I do not know. They brought him, who had formerly been blind, to the pharisees. Now it was on the sabbath, when Jesus made the clay, and opened his eyes. Moreover, the pharisees also renewed the inquiry, how he had received his sight. And he observed to them. He put clay on my eyes, and I washed them, and now see. Some of the pharisees then remark- ed. This man is not from God, because he does not keep the sabbath. Others suggested, How can a man, who is a sinner, achieve such mira- cles ? And there was a dissension among them. They again addressed the man who had been blind, What do you say concerning him, since he has opened your eyes 1 His answer was, He is a prophet. The Jews, however, did not beheve respecting him, that he had been blind and was restored to sight, till they had called the parents of him who had received his sight. And they thus interrogated them, Do you say that this is your son, and that he was born Wind ] How then does he now see ? His parents replied to them, and said, We know that this ig our son, aud that he was born blind ; but by what means he now "M. JOHNS HISTORY. jyg sees we are ignorant, or who has opened his eyes we know not. lie is of , nature age, ask hin. ; he will answer for himself. His parents thus spoke, because thoy were afraid of the Jews ; for the Jews had already determined, that if any one should acknowledge him to be the Messiah, Het n 'r'"'"'' ''"'" *'^ ^^""^^^^- "- P--»« therefore said He IS of mature years, question him. They therefore called a second time for the man who had been blind, and said to h,m, Gxve i^aise to God ; we know that this man is a sin^ ner. He then answered and said. Whether he is a sinner I am not aware : of one thing I am conscious, that I was blind, but now see And they agam said to him. What did he do for you ? How did he oten your eyes 7 He replied to them, I have already informed y„u; Tnd dd you not hear T Why do you wish to hear it repeated T Wil "u also become bs dasciples T They reviled him and alleged, You a e Ws disciple; but we are the disciples of Moses. We knol that God poke to Moses ; but as for this person, we know not whence he .s. The r^an stated to them in return. This is indeed surprising, tla you kZ not whence he .s, though he has given me sight. L^ we know Z God does not hear sinners ; but if any man worships God, and perlrm us will, that man he hears. Never was it heard, from the earLst IT that any man imparted sight to one who was born blind. If th s ^n were not from God, he could do nothing. And they declared to lim in Who is hp Sir tSof T u I- . ■ ^ observed in answer, vvno IS he, fe,r, that I may beheve ,n him ? And Jesus reminded hi.n You have even seen him, and it is he who converses with you And he' said. Master. I believe; and threw himself prostrate before him 1. 1 Jesus declared. For judgment I came into tWs world that thev wh^ not see, might be restored to sight ; and that those 1 Te I'l belt assuredly see ; therefore your sin remains. ^ ' ^'^ do^r'^niz^TirrTLn: rat:?-f ^ t.- The shepherd always enters through he door Th. H T ' "*''^'''- to him ; and the sheep hear his vie aZ he o^U ^^ '^" "^'"^ name, and leads them out. Anc when 'he ni f 7ul\ °"" '^'"^ ^^ before them, and they follow Irlf .u ^ , ^^ ^'' "'•"'P' ^« ^^'^^^ not, howeve'r, folllwa sllg^ 'b!;^ >^l7fl^^^^^^^ ^^^^ -» know not the voice of strange ^ °'" ''""' *'"'*"^^ '^^y comparison, but they 1^ l^^rs rd\v:r:t:dt ttmV^^ Jesus again addressed them. Inde„H T aver to vou f r ^'*'" of the t.ld. All who have enteredin ^n^he^ ^:r:i^r t; 'J0l^'-- 174 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. jm: robbers ; but the sheep did not obey them. I am the door ; every one who enters by me, shall be safe ; and shall go in and out, and find pas- ture. The th«ef comes only to steal, and to kill, and to devour. I am come that they may have hfe, and more than hfe. I am the good sbepherd. The good shepherd surrenders his life for the sheep. But the hireling, who is neither the shepherd, nor the owner of the sheep, perceives the wolf approaching, and he abandons the sheep, and flies ; and the wolf tears some, and disperses the flock. Now the hireluig flies, because he is a hireling, and is regardless of the sheep. I am the good shepherd, and know my own, and am known by them ; (even as the Father knows me, end I know the Father) ; and I resign my life for the sheep. I have also other sheep, which are not of this fold. I must likewise bring them, and they will hear my ' oicc ; and there shall be one flock, one shepherd. For this the Father lives me, because I give up my life, to be afterwards resumed. No one (I'vests me of it ; but I personally resign it. I have authority to surrcn- dtr it, and I have authority to resume it. I have received tliis commis- sion from my Father. Then there was another division among the Jews, in consequence of Uiese observations. And many of them said, He has a demon, and is 1 \sane, why do you listen to him 1 Others alleged. These are not the w >rds of a demoniac. Can a demoi. give sight to the blind. .Vow it was the festival of renovction at Jerusalem, and the weather wat stormy. And Jesus was waikirg about in the temple, in Solomon's port CO. The Jews then surrounded him, and said to him. How long wilt Jiou afllict us with suspense ? If thou art the Messiah, plainly dis- close to us. Jesus answered them, I have informed you, yei you do not believe me; the works which I do in my Fatlier's name, testify con- cerning me. But ) iM do not believe, because you are net of my flock. My sheep, us I told you, hear my voice, and I recognise them, and they follow me. And I impart to them eternal life, and they shall never be destroyed, nor shall any one wrest them from my hand. My Father, who gave them to me, is su])erior t(» all ; and no one is able to wrest thorn from my Father's hand. I and the Father are one. Then the Jews again took up stones to throw at him. Jesus said to them, I have manifested to you many good works from my Father j for which of those works do you stone me ? The Jews replying, declared to him, We do not stone thee for a good work ; but for impious lan- guage ; namely, because that thou, being a nuiii, representest thyself to be God. Jesua replied to them, Is it not written in your law, I said, ye are gods. If he styled gods, those judges to whom the divine adjudica- tion wati committed, and, if the language of scr'pture is unexceptionid)le, do you pronounce respecting him, whom the Father has conciecrated as his apostle to the world, Thou speukest impiously, because 1 alleged that I am his Hon ? If I do not perform the works of my I her, be- iicvs nis not. nwi it I no, tnougn you uo itoi tfu§t in mc, accredit inc JOHN'S HISTORY. 175 works ; that you may know and believe, that the Father is in me, and I am in him. Therefore, they again endeavored to arrest him ; but he escaped trom their hands, and again retired towards the Jordan, to the place where John originally baptized; and there he resided. And many resorted to him, who declared, John indeed performed no miracle ; but all that John said concerning this man, is true. And many there beheved in him. Moreover, a certain man was sick, named Lazarus, of Bethany, the village of Mary and her sister Martha. (It was that Mary, who had anointed the Lord with perfumes, and wiped his feet with her hair whose brother Lazarus was sick). The sisters, therefore, sent to him' announcing. Master, behold he whom thou lovest is sick. And Jesus hearing it, observed. This sickness will prove fatal, only to conduce to the glory of God, that the Son of God may be glorified by it. Now Jesus loved Martha, and her sister, and Lazarus. But after being informed that he was sick, Jesus still continued two days in the place where he was. However, he subsequently said to the disciples, let us again repair to Judea. The disciples said to him. Teacher, the Jews recently sought to stone thee; and dost thou return there? Jesus replied. Arc there not twelve hours in the day? If any man walks in the day, he does not stumble, because he sees the light of this world. B.a if any man walks in the mght, he stumbles, because there is no light. He made these remarks ; and after this, he declared to them, Lazarus, the friend of ours, .8 fallen asleep; but I am going, that I may awaken him. His disciples then affirmed, Master, if he sleep, he will recover. Moreover, Jesus adverted to his death ; but they thought that he alluded to the natural rest in sleep. But Jesus then explicitly stated to them, Lazarus is dead. And I rejoice, in reference to you, that I was not there that you may beheve; but let us go to him. Thomas, who is cnlkd D.dymus, then said to his fellow-d.sciples. let us also go, that we may die with him. * When Jesus came, he found that Lazarus had already lain in the md, four days. (Now Bethany was near Jerusalem, with... aLout fif- teen furlongs); and many of the Jews came to Martha and Mary, to con- «o e them relative t<. their brother. Martha, therefore, when s'.e heard tat Jesus was coming, went to meet him; but Mary remained in the .ouse. Martha then said t<, Jesus. Master, if thou hadst been here, my bro her would not have .lied. But I know, even now. that God\^ H grant to thee, whatever thou simit request of him. Jesus .h-dares to her. Your brother will be restored to life. Martha replied to him Ian assunvl that he will bo restored .0 lift, ... u.e reneweS ex.sten:; '„! Z 1ft Ho J'Tv ""^ «•» •'". • «•» '»- renewe.l existence, and the ft^ He who lH.|iey.)s m me, even though he die, shall live, and no livinp person, who believe, in mn. wiU ui'it"— '- ' - «* u ■ 17C APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. :M-„ ■%■' this ? She says to him, Yos, Master, I beHeve tliat tlion nrt tho Mes- siah, the Son of God, he who comes into tho worhl. And after she had spoken these words, she departed, and privately called her sister Mary, sayinjr. The Teacher is come, and calls for you. As soon as Mary heard this, she instantly arose, and went to him. Now Jesus had not yet reached the villaare, but was in the place where Martha met him. The Jews then, who were with Mary in the house, to comfort her, per- ceiving that she suddenly arose and withdrew, followed her, saying. She is going to the tomb to weep there. But, as soon as Mary came where Jesus was, and saw him, she fell at his feet, declaring to him, Master, if thou hadst been here, my brother would not have died. Jesus, therefore, when he saw her weeping, and the Jews weep- ing who accompanied her, deeply mourned and was afflicted; and said, Where have you laid him ? They answered him, Master, come and see. Jesus wept. The Jews then observed, Behold, how he loved him ! But some of them suggested. Could not he, who opened the eyes <»f the blind, have even prevented this man's deatii ? Jesus, there- fore, again severely lamenting, approached the se|)»Iclire. It was a cave, and a stone was jilaced on it. Jesus said. Remove the stone. Martha, the sister of the deceased, replied to him. Sir, it is already ofionsive ; for this is the fourth hundred denar... and the money given to the po<,r ? He said this o .r ; I et'";""' T "T";' "■'"' ^'^ ••"'•'''" ^''""«"«^- -^-^ '•- you , I)ut mo you will not always have. carnr"' TT """'''"' "^ *'"^ "^ ^«' "^''^^ ♦''«* ''« >-«« »''"« ; «>. '"•/"."'""•'r' »-— <--» «"« tomb, and raised /.X h b ,^";""V'-~» •»•« l-l>l.' met him.becruse l»ehold, the world is irone iia.jr !u... ! "Mvaniiigi. t iim0*s>'v 178 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ■ ■% M And among thoae, who went up to worship at the festival, there were some Greeks. These applied to Philip of Bethsaida in Galilee, and thus addressed him. Sir, we desire to see Jesus. Philip proceeds and informs Andrew ; and then, Andrew and Philip inform Jesus. Further, Jesus thus replied to them. The hour has arrived, when the Son of Man must be glorified. In absolute truth, I announce to you, that when a grain of wheat is thrown into the ground, unless it die, it remains there a solitary grain ; but if it die, it becomes very productive. He who loves his life, will lose it ; but he who hates his life in this world, will preserve it eternally in the next. If any one would serve me, let him follow me ; and where I am, there also let my servant be. And if any one serve me, my Father will reward him. My soul is now afflicted ; but why should I say, Father, preserve me from this hour ? since, I came, with an express purpose, to this very hour. O Father, glorify thy name. A voice then proceeded from heaven, I have even glorified, and will again glorify it. Now, when the people who were there heard it, some affirmed, that it thundered ; others alleged. An angel spoke to him. Jesus replied and said. This voice came not for my sake, but for yours. Now will this world pass sentence. Now will the prince of this world be expelled. And after I have been lifted up from the ground, I will draw all men to myself. He said this, implying by what death he should depart. The people answered liim, We have learnt from the law, that the Messiah will live forever. Why dost thou assert then, that the Son of Man must be lifted up ? Who is this ? The Son of Man ! Jesus then declared to them, But little longer will the light be with you. Walk wiiile you have the light, that darkness may not overtake you : for he, who walks in dark- ness, knows not where he goes. Trust in the light, while you enjoy it, that you may become sons of light. Jesus made these remarks, and, withdrawing, concealed himself from them. But, though he had performed so many miracles in their presence, yet they did not believe in him : thus the word of Isaiab. the prophet was fulfilled, which he uttered. Lord, who has believe'! our report ? and to whom is the arm of the Lord discovered ? And concerning their own reluctaiico to believe, Isaiah in another passage afiiruied. He has left their eyes to be blinded, and their understanding to be blunted ; so that they see not with their eyes, nor comprehend with their under- standing, and retrace, that I might reclaim them. Isaiah »iiid '>i(>ge things, when he saw his glory, and spoke concerning him. Yet, there were many oven of the magistrates, who believed in him ; but, for fear of ihe phurisecs, did not avow it, lest they should be removed from the synagogue : for they preferred tht; applause of men to the approbation of God. Then Jesus exclaimed anil said. He who believes in me, does not tnut in me only, but in him who seat me. And he who sees me, per- JOHN'S HISTORY. jyg ceives him who sent me. I have come as a light into the world, that no one, who confides in me, should remain in darkness. And if any one hstens to these my words, and does not regard them ; is it not I. who judge h,m ; for I came, not to judge the world, but to save the world. He who despises me, and rejects my instructions, has what condemns h,m. The doctrine, which I have taught, will judge him at the last day. For I have said nothing from myself ; but the Father, TnH Tl T^ ,. ' ^u '" "' * commission, what I should command, and what I should teach. And I know that his commission is eternal lite. Whatever I announce, therefore, I communicate as the Father has enjomed me. Moreover, Je.us having known before the festival of the passover. that the hour of his departure from this world to the Father had arrived 8nd, having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the ast. And while supper was preparing, (the enemy having already put .t into he heart of Judas Iscariot, .he son of Simon, to betray hZ ; Jesus, though he was aware, that the Father had committed all things to his hands and that he proceeded from God, and was returning to God; arose from the table, and laid aside his mantle, and taking a towel, girded himself He then poured water into a basin, and began to wash the feet of the disciples, and to wipe them with the towel by which he was girded. ^ When he came to Simon Peter, Simon said to him. Master, wouldst thou wash my feet 7 Jesus observed to him in reply, At present you do not comprehend what I am doing 5 but you will know hereafter. Peter declared to him. Thou must never wash my feet. Jesus answer .1 him. Unless I wash you, you can have nc part with me. Simon Peter said to him. Master not only my feet, but also the hands and the head. Jesus remarked to him, He who has bathed, requires only to wash his feet, and he is entirely clean ; and you are purified, but not all of you : for he knew who would betray him ; he therefore alleged, You are not nil pure. When, however, he had washed their feet, and resumed his vestment, and was again seated, he said to them. Consider what I have done to you 7 You entitle mo the Tea.her and the Master; and you speak cor- tcct ly; for so I am. If I, therefo; . the Master and the Teacher, have washed your feet ; you ought likewise to wash eaci, ..ther's feet. For I have given you an example, that you may also imitate what I have done to you. lu truth, I assure you, that a servant is not superior to his mas- ter; nor an apostle greater than ho who sent him. Happy are you who know these things, provided you nrn* fJ,o them ' I do no, .peak of yo„ «|1. I k„.,, ,j,„„ , ,,^^^ . the scripture is fulhile.l. He who ^nU .. my table, has raised his heel against me. I now apprise you, pirvjous to its occurrence, that when It happens, you may believe that I am the person, lideed, I av«r tn 180 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS till you, that he, who entertains any of my messengers, entertains me ; and he, wlio receives me, receives him, v/ho sent me. When Jesus had thus spoken, he was troubled in spirit, and thus ear- nestly affirmed, In truth, I assure you, that one of you will treacherously surrender me. The disciples then surveyed each other, in suspense of whom he spoke. Now one of his disciples, whom Jesus loved, was re- clining on the bosom of Jesus. Simon Peter, therefore, intimated to .him, that he should inquire, who it might be, to whom he alluded. He then, resting on the breast of Jesus, said to him, Master, who is it 1 Jesus replied, It is he, to whom I shall give this food, when I have dipped it. And having dipped the food, he gave it to Judas Iscariot, son of Simon. And after receiving the food, the adversary entered him. Jesus then observed to him, What you perform, execute immediately. Now no one at the table knew for what purpose he said this to him. But some thought, because Judas kept the purse, that Jesus had said to him, Pur- chase what we require for the festival ; or, that he should impart some- thing to the poor. He, therefore, having received the food, instantly withdrew : and it was night. When he had departed, Jesus declared, The Son of Man has already been glorified, and God is glorified by him. Because God is i^lorified by him, God will also glorify him with himself, and that, without delay. Beloved children, but little longer shall I be with you. You will seek me ; and as I alleged to the Jews, Where I am going, there you cannot come ; thus, I now affirm to you, I communicate to you e new com- mandment, that you love one another ; even us I have loved you, that you also love one another. By this all men shall know that you are my disciples, if you have this love for each other. Simon Peter said to him. Master, where dost thou go ? Jesus replied to him. Thou const not now follow me, where I am going; but thou slialt afterwards follow me. Peter observed to him, Master, why am I unable to follow thee ? I will lay down my life fi)r thee. Jesus answered him. Wilt thou lay down thy life for me 1 I declare to thee, in absolute certainty, that a watch-trumpet will not sound, till thou hast thrice re- nounced me. Let not your heart be iierplexed ; trust in God ; confide olso in me. There are numerous apartments in my Father's temple ; if not, I would have informed you. I am departing to prepare n place for you. And when I shall liave gone and furnished a place for you, I will return, and receive you to myself; that where I am, you nuiy also be. An <^ /a ^.. /a 4V/ r ''W Photographic Sciences Corporation 73 WIST MAIN STRUT WIBSTIR.NV )4SI0 (716) s/a^sos 4^ A^ %^4 4io^ "^K"? &?^ 186 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Then the cohort, with the tribune, and the Jewish officers, seized Jesus, and bound him ; and they originally conducted him to Annas ; for he was father-in-law to Caiaphas, who was the high priest that year. (Annas had sent him bound to Caiaphas the high priest). Now it was Caiaphas, who had counselled the Jews, that it was appropriate, that one man should die for the people. Moreover, Simon Peter and another disciple followed Jesus ; and that disciple, being known to the high priest, entered his court-yard with Jesus. But Peter stood without, at the door. Therefore, the other dis- ciple who was known to the high priest, went out and spoke to the por- tress, and brought in Peter. The maid who kept the door, then says to Peter, Are not you also one of this man's disciples 7 He afhrms, I am not. Now the servants and the officers, having made a fire of coals, stood there, and were warming themselves ; for it was cold. And Peter stood with them, and warmed himself. The high priest then examined Jesus relative to his disciples, and in reference to his doctrine. Jesus answered him, I openly communicated to the world ; I frequently instructed in the synagogue, and in the tem- ple, where all the Jews resort ; and I have uttered nothing in secret. Why do you question me ? Inquire of those who heard me, what I have taught them. They, indeed, know what I announced. And when Jesus had said this, one of the officers who attended, gave him a blow, saying. Dost thou thus reply to the high priest ? Jesus answered him, If I have spoken amiss, show in what respect it is amiss ; but if well, why do you strike me ? And as Simon Peter was standing and warming himself, they said to him. Are not you also one of his disciples? He denied it, and declared, I am not. One of the servants of the high priest, being a. remtive of him, whose ear Peter had cut off, said, Did I not see you in tlie garden with him ? Then Peter again denied it ; and immediately a watch- trumpet sounded. They then led Jesus from the house of Caiaphas to the procurator's palace ; it was now morning ; hut the Jews did not enter the pretorium, lest they should be contaminated, and prevented from eating the pass- over. Pilate, therefore, went out to them and said, What accusation do you bring against this man ? Tltey remarked to liiin in reply. If he were not a criminal, wo would not have delivered him to you. Pilate then observed to them, Take him yourselves, and judge him in conform- ity to your law. But the Jews alleged to him. We are not legally authorized to execute any man : and thus was accomplished the declar- ation, which Jesus had made, intimating by what death he should suffer. Then Pilato returned to the hall of audience, and summoned Jesus ; and said to him. Thou art the king of the Jews 1 Jesus replied to him, Do you personally say this 7 or have others suggested it to you concern- ing mo T Pilate answered, Am I a Jew ? Thine own nation, even the JOHN'S HISTORY. 187 i chief priests have surrendered thee to me. What hast thou done? Jesus rephed, My dominion is not of this «rorld. If my dominion wt.o ot this world, my adherents would have contended, that I might not be dehvered to the Jews; but indeed, my dominion is not here. Pilate accordingly said to him, Thou art then a king ? Jesus answered, I am a king as you intimate. For this purpose I was born ; and I have en- tered the world for this object, that I might give testimony to the truth. Every one who is of the truth, hears my voice. Pilate says to him. What IS truth T And having said this, he again went out to the Jews and declared to them, I find no criminality in him. But, since it is cus^ tomary with you, that I should release some one to you at the pasjover do you wish me to release to you the king of the Jews ? Then they all thus exclaimed, Not this man, but Barabbas. Now Barabbas was a robber. Moreover Pilate then took Jesus, and caused him to be scourged. And the so diers wreathed a crown of acanthus, and placed it on his head; and having invested him with a purple robe, they proclaimed. HaiJ, King of the Jews ! and they struck him with their hands. Pilate therefore, went out again, and remarked to them. Behold, I conduct him to you, that you may know, that I discover no criminality in him. Jesus then came forth, wearing the acanthine crown, and the purple vestment; and Pilate says to them. Survey the man! But when the chief pnests and the officers saw hioi, they thus exclaimed. Crucify, crucify Inm. P.late said to them. Take him, yourselves, and crucify um ; as for me, I perceive nothing criminal in him. The Jews replied to him, We have a law, and by our law, he ought to die, because he assumed the title of Son of God. When Pilate, therefore, heard this expression, he was more intimidat- art"'tho,;\ « T'T ''""■"''^ \" "" '^'*^*°""'"' «•«> ««id t<, Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave Inm no answer. Pilate then says to him, Wilt thou not speak to me ? Art thou not apprised, that I have powT to crucy thee, and have authority t- dincharge thee? Jesus replied You cou .1 not exercise the least control over me. unless it were pennt ted you from above; consequently, he who delivered me to you is the more inuputows. Fron. .hin tim.,, Pi.ate earnestly endeavored to relea e lum ; but the Jews thus exclaimed. If y,... liberate .his man. you a7 "ot a fnend of Cesar. Every one. who represems himself as u king, oppose, Pilate therefore, having heard these remarks, ordered Jesus to bo b ought forth and sat ,l..wn on .b,, tribunal, in a place which is cHod^ Tou 2./ ;T ''r\'^'' preparation of the paschal sabba.l, and «bou he th,r look into the sepulchre, and sa^ two u.g n white, seated, one at the head, and the other at the feet, where .he body of Jesus had been laid. And they said to her, W . al wL ^ you weep 1 She says to them. Because they have taken away my m'^ ter, and I know not where they have laid him. Ilavina said tL Z turned about, and saw Jesus standing; but ...d not Zw u'a ' 'w Jesus Jesus said to her Woman, why do you weep t Whom do ^ou stek T She supposing that it was the gardener, said to him. Sir. if you ha e carried him away, tell me whore you have placed him and ^J •move him. Jesus says to her. Mary ! She turned, an.l sa;H to him „ Ilehrew. llabbon. ! which implies. Teacher. Jesus observes t her Embrace me not ; for I do not yet ascend to my Father ; but g. o my aid ; mVrl 7 ": ''"";' y' ""•^■•^ *- -^ ^ ■"'-• --^ your'F„,her' to ho diBciplos, that she had seen tho Lord, and that hn h-i .».a4- ^^^i-~r ~««i«i«Si«,A«: 190 APOSTOLIC raODUCTlONS. Now in the evening of that day, being the first day of the week, (the doors where the disciples were convened having been closed, through fear of the Jews), Jesus came and stood in the midst, and says to them. Peace attend you. And having said this, he showed them his hands and his side. The disciples, therefore, rejoiced, when they saw that it was their Lord. Jesus then repeated to them. Peace attend you. As my Father has sent me, so also I send you. And after these words, he breathed on them, and says to them. Receive the Holy Spirit. If you remit the sins of any, they are remitted to them ; if you retain them, they are retained. But Thomas, that is, Didymus, one of the twelve, was not with them when Jesus came. The .»ther disciples, therefore, informed liim, We have seen our Master. But he declared to them. Unless I see in his hands the mark of the nails, and put my finger on the mark of the nails, and put my hand on his side, I will not believe. And within eight days, his disciples were again convened, and Thomas with them ; and Jesus came, the doors having been shut, and stood in the midst, and said. Peace be to you. He then says to Thomas, reach here your finger, and examine my hands ; and extend your hand, and place it on my side ; and be not incredulous, but believe. Thomas answered and said to him. My Lord, and my God. Jcaus says to him. Because you see me, you believe ; happy they Avho, though having never seen, yet shall believe. And Jesus also performed numerous other miracles, in the presence of his disciples, which are not related in this book. But these are re- corded, that you may believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God ; and that, through this faith, you may have life in his name. Afterwards, Jesus again presented himself to the disciples, at the lake of Tiberias ; and in this manner he appeared. Simon Peter, and Thomas, tliat is, Didymus, and Nathaniel of Cana in Galilee, and the sons of Zebedee, and two other disciples of Jesui', were in company. Simon Peter says to them, I am going to fish. They say to him, We will indeed accompany you. They departed, and immediately entered a bark ; but on that night they caught nothing. Now in the morning, Jesus 8to(Hl on the shore. The disciples, however, were not aware that it was Jesus. Jesus then says to them, Dear children, have you any food ? They replied to him. No. And he said to them, throw the net on the right side of the vessel, and you will find some. They did so, but were now unable to draw it, in consequence of the multitude of fishes. Then that disciple whom Jesus loved, says to Peter, It is our Master. Peter, therefore, hearing that it was their Muster, girded on his outward garment, (which he had laid aside), and threw himself into the sea. But the other disciples came with the boat, drawing the net of fishes ; for they were not far from the land, only about two hundred cubits. As soon then as they came ashore, they saw a fire of coals pre- i>3red, s»nd fish laid on it ; aiid bread. Jesus says to ihem, Bring some JOHN'S HISTORY. 191 of the fish which you have now taken. Simon Peter went back, and drew the net to land, full of large fishes, a hundred and fifty-three ; and though there were so many, yet the net was not broken. Jesus said to them, Come and eat. In the mean time, none of the disciples presumed to ask him. Who art thou ? conscious that it was the liord. Jesus comes, and takes bread, and gives to them, and likewise hah. This IS the third time that Jesus appeared to his disciples, after he had risen from the dead. When, therefore, they had taken their repast, Jesus said to Simon Feter, Simon, son of Jonas, do you, more than these, affectionately love me ? He answered him. Yes, Lord, thou knowest that I love thee Jesus rejoins to him. Feed my lambs. He then addressed him the second time, Simon, son of Jonas, do you affectionately love me 1 He replies to him, Indeed, Lord, thou knowest that I love thee. Jesus said to him. Tend my sheep. He says to him the tliird time, Simon, son of Jonas, do you love me? Peter was grieved that he said to him the third time. Do you love me ? And he observed to him, Lord, thou knowest all things ; thou knowest that I love thee. Jesus says to him. Feed my sheep. Most assuredly, I remind you. When you was young, you girded yourself, and walked where you desired ; but when you shall become old, you must extend your hands, and another will gird you and convey you where you do not desire. He suggested this, intimating by what death Peter would praise God. And having thus spoken, he says to him. Follow me. <= r > «^ And Peter, having turned about, saw the disciple following, whom Jesus loved ; the same who leaned on his breast at supper, and said. Lord, which .8 he who betrays thee ? Peter perceiving him, says to Jesus, And what, Lord, will become of this man ? Jesus says to him. If I wish lum to remain till I return, what is that to you, follow thou me. The report therefore circulated among the brethren, that this disciple would not die : yet Jesus did not say to him, that he would not die ; but. If I wish him to remain till I return, what is that to you It 18 this disciple who attests these things, and wrote this account : and we know that his testimony deserves credit. And there are also many other things that Jesus performed, which, were they universally record- ed, I fancy, that the world itself could not even contain the volumes that would be written. THE HISTORY BY IJJKE, OK APOSTOLIC AND ECCLESIASTICAL TRANSACTIONS. Now I composed the former history, O Theopliilus, relative to all things which Jesus proceeded hoth to teach and to accompUsh, even to the day in which he was taken up, after having given, by the Holy Spirit, injunctions to tiie apostles, whom he had chosen : to whom he also presented himself alive, after his suffering, by numerous, unques- tionable testimonies ; being seen by them for forty days, and commu- nicating the things, wliich had reference to the kingdom of God. And having convened them, he charged them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for the fulfilment of that promise of the Father, which you heord from me, when I alleged, John, indeed, baptized with water ; but in o short period, you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit. When, therefore, they were assembled, they thus interrogated him, Lord, Wilt thou at this time restore the Kingdom to Israel ] And he remarked to them. You are not permitted to ascertain the years or seasons, which the Father has reserved at liis own disposal. But you will receive power from the Holy Spirit pervading you ; and you will be witnesses to me, both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samario, and even to the most distant part of the earth. And having said these things, us they were beholding, he was lifted up ; ond a cloud received him from their sight. And while they intensely looked towards heaven, as he ascended, behold, two men in white apparel, stood near them, and said. Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking to heaven ? This Jesus who is taken up from you to heaven, will return, in the same manner, as you have seen him advancing to heaven. They then returned to Jerusalem from what is called the mount of Olives, which is near Jerusalem, being a sobbath-day's journey. And when they arrived, they repaired to an upper room, where both Peter and James, mid John and Andrew, Philip and Thomas, Barthol.)mew and Matthew, James the son of Alpheus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James, resided. These ul! un.inimously persevered in APOSTOLrc TRANSACTIONS. 103 KrotlTerl: "^' """'"' ""*^ ^^*'' ^""-^ *^« "^'^'^'^ «f J««»«. *"d with theltl'Jl^'l ^^^"' ^"'"'' ''""'^'"^ '" '^' "^'^'^ °f t''* brethren, (now IbseZ Brl'^T' ''""''''' was about a hundred and twenty), ed whth ri »"; " ^«« "^"^^^^'•y *hat this scripture should be fulfill- ed. which the Holy Sp.nt antecedently announced, by the mouth of IZs' VnlT '° •^"^-' -ho was guide to those who forcibly arrested th?s minWrv m"'''''"'^^ with us, and had attained the office of this ministry (Moreover, this man, indeed, caused a field to be pur- chased with the recompense of his iniquity; and falling prostrate a violent, internal spasm ensued, and all his viscera were cmkted A^d deir fT" 'r" "'" '"^'^ "* •'^'•"«"'«'"' - *'-* the same field "s denominated ,n their own language, Aceldama, that is, The field of encv I't " i "' ""' T^'f '' '• '"^ '^^ ""«*''^'- ^"•^^ his superintend- ency. It is necessary therefore, that from the men who attended us during all the period in which the Lord Jesus was connected whh Z from the time when he was baptized by John, even to the day when he was taken up from us. one of these should be constituted a wiCss with «8 of his resurrection. So they designated two, Joseph, call r BaTf LX Wiirr™? "T 'T' ' r ^'^" '*^"'''^«' ^»^ ^hey prayed, saying, W.U thou. Lord, who searchest the hearts of all, manifes which of these two thou hast selected ; that he may receive the allotment o rndUie fot r.l Z ; .^^''"«^'-«»""- And they gave in their lots ; a^stlel "^''" " ' ' ''^ """' numbered with the eleven And when the day of Pentecost arrived, the apostles were with one accord in the same place. And a sound suddenly came from eaver te:e:erd ' T Td"'?'; "'' ' ''''''''' ''^ ^''"'« '-- -''-"'h "; rJL And divided tongues appeared to them, like fire, and one rested on each of them. And they were all replete with the Hc^ly Spiru! and began to speak in other languages, as the Spirit gave them uUer ance. Now pious men were sojourning at Jerusalem, who were Jew from every nation under heaven. And when this report w.s ci culatld he multitude assembled, and were perplexed, because every one heard them speaking .„ his own language. And they were all confounded vv.th astomshment, saying to each other. Behold; are not all these who speak, Galileans T And how do we every one hear in his own naTi'e lang,iage7 We Parthians. and Modes, and Elamites. and those t^o «ojourn in Mesopotamia, and in Judea and Cappadocia. in Pontus Ind Asia, „. Phrygia and Pamphylia. in Egypt and in the parts of Africa adjacent to Cyrenc, and the strangers from Rome both'jews and prl HeJyt .. Cretans and Arabians; we all hoar them proclaiming, in 'ou" own languages, the wonderful works of God. And they were all a.t«n' 25 >W4*«!« "^ro^e' and departed with them ; and some of he brethren from Joppa accompanied him. And on the following day emhlpTv ?7""' ."^"^ ^"'"'""^ ^"« ^^P««^^"g *hem, having a^- sembled his relatives and intimate friends. Now, as Peter was entering, Cornelius met him, and falling at his feet, worshipped him. But Peter raised him up, saying. Arise, for I myself am but a man. And conversing with him, he went in, and found many who were collected. And he said to them. You know, that It »« unlawfol for a Jew, to unite or approach to one of another nation: God, has, however, directed me that I am to call no man ordinary or impure. Therefore, when I was sent for, I came without debate ; I ask therefore, on what account you have sent for me ? And Cornelius said. Four days ago I was fasting till this hour ; and at the ninth hour, I was praying m my house, and behold, a man stood before me in shininir raiment, and declared, Cornelius, your prayer is heard, and your aim! are remembered before God. Send therefore to Joppa. and /aU hith™ Simon, whose surname is Peter ; he lodges in the house of one Simon a tanner, near the sea ; who. when he is come, will speak to you. So I sent to you immediately ; and it is well that you are come. Now, therefore, we a 1 are present before God. to hear all things which God has commanded you. Then Peter, resuming his discourse, alleged. I perceive in truth, that God .8 no respecter of persons, but in every nation, he who fears him, and works righteousness, is acceptable to him. As to that doctrin" «hich he sent to the sons of Israel, proclaiming the joyful intelCnce of peace, through Jesus Christ, who is Lord of all. yo'u are ap^ld of the message which was circulated through all Judea. having com- menced from Gahlee. after the baptism, which John preached ; relative to Jesus of Nazareth, how GnH n...»nfo^ 1.; uu .1. „ , J . . . . , •!" Trim i:ic tlUiy OmTlt, OtlU With great power ; who wont about doing good, and heaUng all who 208 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. li were tyrannically oppressed by the enemy ; for God was with him. And we are witnesses of all things which he accomplished, both in the region of the Jews, and in Jerusalem ; whom they destroyed, having suspended him to a cross. God raised this very person, on the third day, and openly manifested him, not to all the people, but to witnesses previously chosen by God, even to us, who did eat and drink with him, after he rose from the depd. And he has enjoined us to proclaim to the people, and to testify, that it is he whom God has appointed as the judge of the living and the dead. All the prophets bear testimony to him, that every one who trusts in him, shall receive, through his name, the pardon of sins. While Peter was continuing his remarks, the Holy Spirit fell on all those who were listening to the word. And those of the circumcision who believed, as many as attended Peter, were astonished, that the gift of the Holy Spirit was even poured out upon the Gentiles : since they heard them speaking in different languages, and praising God. Peter then remarked. Can any one prohibit water, that these, who, as well as we, have received the Holy Spirit, should not be baptized T And he commanded them to be baptized in the name of the Lord. And they requested him to remain with them for some time. Now the apostles and the brethren, who were in Judea, heard that the Gentiles had also received the word of God. And when Peter went up to Jerusalem, they who were of the circumcision contended with him, affirming, You associated with men uncircumcised, and did eat with them. But Peter related the transaction from the beginning, and thus regu- larly explained it ; I was praying in the city of Joppa ; and during a trance I saw a vision, a certain receptacle in the form of a great sheet descending from heaven, let down by the four angles, and it nearly ap- proached me : and attentively surveying it, I observed and saw quadru- peds of the earth, and wild beasts, and reptiles, and fowls of the air. And I heard a voice saying to me, Arise, Peter ; kill and eat. But I said, By no means, Lord ; for nothing ordinary or impure has ever en- tered my mouth. And the voice again responded to me from heaven, That, which God has purified, esteem not thou impure. And this was done three times ; and all the things were again transported to heaven. And behold, three men, sent to me from Cesarea, had arrived at the house where I was. And the Spirit commanded me to go with them without any hesitation. Moreover, these six brethren accompanied me, and we entered the man's house ; who informed us, that he had seen an angel in his house, who had said to him. Send to Joppa, and bring Simon, whose surname is Peter ; who shall disclose to you doctrines, by which you and all your family may be saved. And as I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell on them, even as on us at the beginning. Then I recollected the word of the Lord, how he said, John indeed baptized with water ; but you will be baptized wilii Uie Holy Spirit. I < '4 APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS ^09 Since then, God imparted to them the same gift, which he did even to us, who had believed in the Lord Jesus Christ; what was I, that I should be able to obstruct God 1 And when they heard these things, they were satisfied, and praised refomSf' ^""^ *''*' ^*''* imparted to the Gentiles a life-giving Now, therefore, they who were dispersed by the persecution, which onginated relative to Stephen, travelled as far as Phenicia, and Cyprus and Antioch, declaring the word, exclusively, to the Jews. But some of them were Cyprians and Cyreneans, who, having entered Antioch addressed the Greeks, proclaiming the gospel of the Lord Jesus. And the hand of the Lord was with them ; and a great number believed, and turned to the Lord. When the report of these things had come to the knowledge of the church which was at Jerusalem, they sent forth Barnabas to go as far as Antioch ; who, when he arrived there and saw the gracious dispen- sation of God, rejoiced, and exhorted all of them to adhere resolutely to the Lord. For he was a good man, and full of the Holy Spirit, and ot faith. And numerous persons were added to the Lord. Barnabas then departed to Tarsus, to seek Saul ; and having found him, he brought him to Antioch. And it occurred, that during an entire year they assembled in the church, and taught many people ; and that the disciples, by divme direction, were originally denominated Christians at Antioch. Besides, in those days, prophets came from Jerusalem to Antioch And one of them, whose name was Agabus, stood up, and signified by the Spirit, that a great famine would soon pervade the whole empire • which happened in the reign of Claudius. Then every one of the dis- ciples, according to his ability, determined to send relief to their breth- ren who dwelt in Judea : and they did tliis ; transmitting it to the pres- byters, by the hands of Barnabas and Saul. ^ Moreover about that time, Herod the king laid hands on some of the church, to afflu^t them. And he destroyed James, the brother of John, with the sword And perceiving that this was acceptable to the Jews he proceeded also to arrest Peter. Now it was in the days of unleaven^ ed bread. Accordingly, he apprehended Peter, and put him in prison having committed him to the custody of sixteen soldiers ; and beL de- termined, after the passover. to surrender him to the people. In the mean time therefore, Peter was kept in prison : but earnest and cZ tmued prayer was made to God on his account, by the church nil7pZ^'" ^"7^ '"'' r^^ *° ^^'' *'''°"^*'* »'•'» «"t, even'that very mght Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains- and the sentinels before the door, were guarding the prison. And be! hold an angel of the Lord presented himself, aifd a light shone n the buildinsr: and atrikinir Ppto- «., ♦».„ „;j„ .- . ,. '"= »" me ., ... . = ■ ~ """ ='"^» "«-• wwoke him, auyine. Arise .n«ta„tlv A.^ ,.;„„,.„:„_ .^„f^^^^.^j^^^^^_ ^ ng. Arise 27 angel said to ^^SafciiSB 210 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. him, Gird yourself, and tie on your sandals ; and he did so. And he says to him, throw your mantle around you, and follow me. And going out, he followed him : and knew not that what had been done by the angel was a real fact ; but supposed that he beheld a vision. And hav- ing passed the first and second guard ; they came to the iron gate that leads to the city, which voluntarily opened to them : and proceeding, they passed through one street ; and immediately, the angel departed from him. Upon this, Peter became self-possessed, and declared, I am now as- suredly conscious, that the Lord has sent his angel, and has delivered me from the hand of Herod, and from all the ultimate intention of the Jewish people. And on reflection, he repaired to the house of Mary, the mother of John, who was surnamed Mark ; where many were as- sembled, and were praying. And as Peter knocked at the entrance of the outward gate, a maid, whose name was Rose, went to inquire who was there. Now, recognising Peter's voice, and being transported with joy, she did not open the gate ; but running, she informed them that Peter was standing at the gate. And they said to her, you are distract- ed. But she confidently affirmed that it was true. They then alleged, that it was his angel. But Peter continued knocking ; and when they had opened the door, they saw him, arid were astonished. But he waved his hand for them to be silent ; and related to them how the Lord had conducted him from the prison : and he said, communicate these things to James, and to the brethren. And departing, he went to another place. And when it was day, no small commotion existed among the soldiers, relative to what had become of Peter. And Herod having searched for him, and not finding him, examined the keepers, and commanded that they should be led away to execution. And Peter passed from Judea to Cesarea, and there resided. Moreover, Herod was greatly exasperated against the Tyrians and Sidonians : but they unanimously came before him ; and having attached to their interest Blastus the king's chamberlain, they importuned for peace, because their country was nourished by that of tlie king. And on a pubUc day, Herod, arrayed in regal robes, and seated on the throne, made an oration to them. And the people shouted, It is the voice of a God, and not of a man. And immediately an angel of the Lord smote him, because he did not render the praise to God : and being devoured by vermin, he expired. Now the word of God flourished and advanced. And Barnabas and Saul, having accomplished their distribution, returned from Jerusalem, bringing with them John, whose surname was Murk. Moreover, in the assembly of believers, which was at ^ ntioch, there were certain prophets and teachi. •;* , -: irticularly Barnab: and Simeon, who was called The Black; n.d !" /cius, *hj Cyrenean ; and Manaen, who was educated with Herod tlu; ?eiruruh ; and Saul. Now, while P APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. an they were ministering to the Lord, and fasting, the Holy Spirit declared, Consecrate to me Barnabas and Saul, for the work to which I have des- ignated them. And having fasted and prayed, and laid their hands on them, they dismissed them. They therefore, being sent out by the «oly Spirit, departed to Seleucia, and thence they sailed to Cyprus. And having reached Salamis, they dispensed the word of God in the synagogues of the Jews ; and they also had John as their attendant. And having traversed the whole island of Cyprus as far as Paphos they met a certain Jew, a magician and false prophet, denominated the son of Joshua ; who attended the pro-consul, Sergius Paulus, an intelli- gent man : the latter having called for Barnabas and Saul, earnestly requested to hear the word of God. But the magician otherwise called iilymas, (.pposed tliej)., and endeavored to avert the pro-consul from the taith. Tnen SpuI, who is named Paul also, replete with the Holy Spirit, and intently looiting at him, affirmed, O full of all deceit, and of all im- posture ! son of the adversary, enemy of all integrity, will you not cease to pervert the right ways of the Lord ? And behold, the hand of the liord 18 now upon you, and you will be blind, and not see the sun for a time. And immediately, a thick mist and a darkness enveloped him • and walking about, he sought some one to lead him by the hand. Then the pro-consul, perceiving what was done, beheved ; being powerfully impressed with the doctrine of the Lord. Now, sailing from Paphos, Paul and his associates proceeded to Perga in PamphyUa. But John having withdrawn from them, returned to Jerusalem. Proceeding, however, from Perga, they came to Antioch m Fisidia, and entered the synagogue on the sabbath, and sat down. And after the reading of the law and the prophets, the rulers of the synagogue sent to them, saying, Brethren, if you have any subject of admonition for the people, impart it. Then Paul standing up, and waving his hand, observed, Israelites, and you who fear God, attend. The God of this people chose our fathers, and exalted the people during their temporary residence in the land of Egypt, and conducted them from it with a powerful arm. And for a period of about forty years, he nourished them in the wilderness. And having cast out seven nations in the land of Canaan, he distributed their country to them for an inheritance. And after these transactions, which occupied about four hundred and fifty years, he gave them judges to ow. when the people witnessed what Paul bad effected, they elevat- ed heir voices exclaiming, in the Lycaonian language. The gods re- ar l^iri^P It'-' " "^ ' ^"^ ''-y "^'^^ .yied' «:;: . t' Li Ee .'rie Tt ' ""'7' ''^'^"^'^ '" "'"« *''« l'^'"ei|'"I orator, men the pnest of Jupiter, whose statue was before the civ brouirht oxen and garlands to the gntes, and would, with the muSd W 1 f r oHrt: I"^™- "" *"" "'""'«^' "'^-"•- -^ ^-' ''"^^ • ng, and say ng. Citizens, why will you do these tbinirs ? We are nl«n nien similarly constituted with yourselves, and are d'ec ari^g tryou : doing go:d:3 -^I'i^^ou^:: :;: r::„:-:;'-, ^ ' ' t^"-^' eensons; and fillimr nV.r ».„„ » l ; ' ''eaven. and fruitful rcmarka Zy wl^iffi „""::;"'' "" "'"' J"^ I^-' -«'" these them. ^ restrained the people from sacrificing to « .nul..tn.le ; an(;tween us and them, having purified their hearts by faith. Now therefore, why do you try God, by imposing on the neck of the disciples a yoke, which neither our fathers nor wu could sustain ? But wc trust that wo are saved, by the grace of the Lord Jesus, in the samo inHiiner as they. APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 215 Then the whole multitude kept silence, and listened to Barnabas and Faul, while they related what wonderful miracles God had effected among the Gentiles through them. Now after they had concluded, James, in continuation, observed, Brethren, give audience to me : Simon has proclaimed how God first regarded the Gentiles, to take from them a people for his name. And the words of the prophets harmonize with this ; as it is written, After this, I will return, and will again erect the tabernacle of David, which 18 dilapidated ; and I will rebuild its ruins, and will re-establish it : that the residue of men may diligently seek the Lord, and all the Gentiles by whom my name is invoked among them, says the Lord, who does aU these things ; which were known from the beginning. Therefore, it ia my adjudication, that we do not disquiet those, who, from among the Gentiles, turn to God ; but write to them, that they abstain from the polluted offerings to idols, and from incontinence, and from that which 18 strangled, and from blood. For Moses, from ancient generations, Jias, in every city, those who proclaim him ; being read in the syna- gogues on every sabbath. It then appeared appropriate to the apostles and the presbyters and the whole church, to send selected men of their own association, to An- tioch with Paul and Barnabas ; namely, Judas surnamed Barsabas, and Silas, distinguished individuals among the brethren : transmitting through them, this communication : The apostles, and the presbyters' and the brethren, send friendly salutation to the brethren who are of the Gentiles in Antioch, and Syria, and Ciliciu. Whereas, we have heard, that some who i)roceeded from us, have disturbed you with precepts unsettling your minds, commanding you to be circumcised, and keep the law; to whom we gave no such authority; we have thought proper, being unanimously assembled, to send to you chosen men, with our beloved Barnal)as and Paul, men, who have hazarded their lives, for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. We have theref re sent Judas and Silas, who will also verbally communicate to vou the same things. For It was deemed expedient by the Holy Spirit, and by uh, not to impose on you any greater burden than these necessary things ; that you abstain fn.m things immolated to idols, and from blood, and from any thing strangled, and from sensuality : fn.m which, you will do well, entirely to restrain yourselves. Farewell. Now, as s«.<.n as they were dismissed, they proceeded to Antioch • niHl having assembh-d all the brethren, they delivere.l the letter, which.' when the Gentile eonverts ha.l rend, they rejuioed for the comfortable in elligence. Ami Ju.las «„,| Silas, b.mg, pcrnoimlly also, teachers, in a long diHourse, exhorted an.l «tr..ngth..ned the brethren. An.l having remained for some time, »l„.y were sutfere*! to dopurt in peace from the brethren to those who sont them. Ilut Paul and narnabas rontim.ed at AniK.ch, teaching and proclaiming, even with many others, the word of '216 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. m Further, after severnl days, Paul said to Barnabas, Let us return and visit the brethren in every city, where we have preached the word of the Lord, and ascertain their situation. And Barnabas determined to take with them also John, who was surnamed Mark. But Paul deemed it improper to take with them the person, who had deserted them in Pam- phylia, and did not accompany them to the work. And an excitement consequently ensued, so that they separated from each other : and Bar- nabas, taking with him Mark, sailed to Cyprus. But Paul preferred Silas, and departed, being commended by the brethren to the favor of God. And he passed through Syria and Cilicia, establishing the churches. And he came to Derbe and Lystra. And behold, a certain disciple was there, named Timothy, (the son of a woman who was a Jewess, and a Christian convert, but of a Grecian father), who was honorably characterized by the brethren at Lystra and Iconium. Paul wished this man to attend him ; and took and circumcised him, on account of the Jews wlio were in those parts ; for they all knew, that his father was a Greek. And as they passed through the cities, they delivered to their custody the adjudications, which were made by the apostles and presby- ters, wlio were at Jerusalem. The churches, therefore, were established in the faitli, and daily increased in number. Now they went through Phry^jia and the country of Galatia, and being forbidden by the Holy Spirit to dispense the word in Asia ; when they came to Mysia, they attempted to go to Bythinia ; but the spirit of Jesus did not permit them. And passing Mysia, they went down to Troas. And a vision appeared to Paul in the night. A certain Mace- donian stood, entreating him, and saying. Come over to Macedonia, and assist us. And when he ha 1 witnessed the vision, we immediately endeavored to depart for Macedonia, assuredly inferring, that the Lord had summoned us to preach the gospel to them. And sailing from Troas, we proceeded in a direct course to Samothra- cla, and the next day to Neai)oli8 ; and from thence to Philippi, which is the metropolis nf that section of Macedonia, and a colony. And wo remained several days in that city. And on the sabbath, we witlidrew from the city to a river, where ij was said, prayer was usually made; and sitting down, we spoke to the Women who were assembled. And a certain woman, named Lydia, a vender of jnirplc, of the city of Thya- tira, and a Jewinh proselyte, heard us ; and the Lord opened her heart, so that she attended to what was spoken by Paul. And when she was baptized, with her family, she thus entreated us, If you have judged me to be faithful to the Lord, enter my house, and continue there. And she compelled us. And it happened, as we were repairing to the place of prayer, that a certain maid-servant, having a spirit of Python, met us, who brought her ninNtcrs much gain by divination. Having followed Paul and us, she exclaimed, saying. These men are the servants of the Most High APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 917 God, who announce to us the way of salvation. And she did this for several days. But Paul, being afflicted, turned and said to the spirit, I command you in the name of Jesus Christ to depart from her : and it departed at that very time. But when her masters saw that this hope of their gain was gone, they seized Paul and Silas, and dragged them to the magistrates, at the market-place; and having brought them to the commanders of the army, they alleged. These men being Jews, disturb our city, and incul- cate religious requisitions, which it is not legal for us, as we are Ro- mans, to receive, or to obey. And the populace rose together against them; and the officers, tearing off their garments, commanded that they should be beaten with rods. And having severely scourcred the apostles, they cast them into prison, and charged the gaoler safely to keep them : who, having received such an injunction, thrust them into the inner prison, and secured their feet in the stocks. Now, at midnight, Paul and Silas prayed, and sang praises to God : and the prisoners heard them. And there was suddenly a great earth- quake, so that the foundations of the prison were shaken ; and immedi- ately, all the doors were opened, and the chains of all the prisoners fell off. 1 hen the gaoler, awakened from oleep, and perceiving the doors ol the prison opened, drew a sword, and intended to kill himself, sup- posing that the prisoners had escaped. But Paul cried with a loud voice, saying. Do yourself no injury; f„r Me are all here. Then the gm,ler, having called for lights, rushed in, greatly agitated, and fell pros- tr te before Paul ,vnd Silas. And conducting them out, he said. Friends, wha must I do, that I may be saved ? And they said. Believe in the Lord .Tesus Christ, and you will be saved, and your family. And they declared to him the word of the Lor *• • - 1 ""ou ^., -au -e^.. uu, ?>rrt..rcn, tncy cxHoneu IJiein, and departed. 98 218 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. After Paul and Silas had travelled through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they arrived at Thessalonica, where was the synagogue of the Jews. And Paul, as he was accustomed, entered among them, and on three sabbaths, discoursed to them from the scriptures, elucidating them, and proving by references, that the Messiah must necessarily have suffered, and been restored from the dead ; and that this Jesus, whom, said he, I announce to you, is the Messiah. And some of them were convinced, and adhered to Paul and Silas ; and also a considerable number of the devout Greeks, and not a few of the principal women. But the Jews attached to themselves certain iniquitous men of the forensic class, and having assembled the populace, excited a commotion in the city, and assailing the house of one Jason, sought for Paul and Silas, that they might bring them out to the people. But not finding them, they dragged Jason and some of the brethren to the rulers of the city, vociferating, These men who have subverted the world, have even arrived here ; whom Jason has privately entertained : and they all oppose the institutes of Cesar, alleging that there is another king, one Jesus. And the people and the magistrates of the city were greatly disturbed, when they heard these things : and having taken security from Jason and the others, they discharged them. But the brethren immediately sent away Paul and Silas by night to Berea ; who having reached there, entered the synagogue of the Jews. These, however, were more ingenuously disposed than those at Thessa- lonica, for they received the word with all alacrity of mind, daily exam- ining the scriptures, whether these things were true. Many of them therefore believed ; and also of the Grecian women of rank, and of men, not a few. Moreover, as some of the Jews of Thessalonica under- stood, that the word of God was preached by Paul at Berea, they also came there, exciting the people. And then the brethren immediately sent away Paul, to go apparently towards the sea ; but Silas and Timo- thy still reinained there. And those who conducted Paul, brought him to Athens ; and having received an injunction to Silas and Timothy, that they would expeditiously come to him, they departed. Now, while Paul was awaiting their arrival at Athens, his mind was powerfully incited within him, when he surveyed the city full of idols. Moreover, he was constantly reasoning with the Jews, and with the Gentile proselytes in the synagogue, and daily in the market-place with such as presented themselves. But some of the Epicurean and Stoical philosophers encountered him. And some observed, What will this declaimer say? and others, He appears to be a herald of foreign deities ; because he publinhed to them the joyful intelligence of Jesus, and the future life. And they took him, and conducted him to the court of Areopagus, saying. We cannot comprehend this new doctrine, of which you speak. F(»r you bring certain striinge things to our ears : we wish, therefore, to know what these thinirs can mean. (Now all the Atheni- APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. fa9 ans, and the resident foreigners, gave themselves to nothing else, but either to tell or to hear some news). Paul then stood in the centre of the court of Areopagus, and remark- ed ; Men of Athens, I perceive that you are greatly devoted to the wor- ship of invisible powers. For as I passed by, and beheld the objects of your devotion, I found an altar with this inscription. To an unknown God. Him therefore, whom you ignorantly worship, I proclaim to you. The God, who created the world, and all things that are in it, he, being Lord of heaven and earth, dwells not in temples made with hands ; nor is he served by the hands of men, as if he wanted any thing ; since he himself imparts to all, life, and breath, and all things : and he has made from one race, every community of men, to dwell on the entire surface of the earth ; and has designated their appointed periods, and the lim- its of their residence ; that they might seek God, as even, by groping in darkness, they would find him ; since he is not far from every one of us : for through him we live, and move, and exist ; as some of the poets among you have also declared, For we are indeed his offspring. There- fore, being the offspring of God, we should never imagine that the Dei- ty resembles gold, or silver, or stone, the result of human design and operation. God, however, overlooked the periods of such ignorance ; but he now commands all men, in every place, to reform : because he has established a day, in which he will judge the world in righteousness, by a man, whom he has appointed ; giving proof of this to all, in hav- ing raised him from the dead. Now, when they heard of the future existence of the dead, some de- rided ; and others alleged, we will hear you again on this subject. And thus, Paul departed from the midst of them. However, some men ad- hered to him, and believed ; among whom were Dionysius the Areopa- gite, and a woman whose name was Damaris, and others besides them. And Paul, at a subsequent period, departing from Athens, proceeded to Corinth ; and finding there a certain Jew, named Aquila, a native of Pontus, recently arrived from Italy, with PrisciUa his wife ; (because Claudius had commanded all the Jews to depart from Rome), he went to them. And as he was of the same trade, he remained with them, and labored : for by their occupation, they were tent-makers. And he discoursed in the synagogue on every sabbath, and endeavored to per- suade Jews and Greeks. But when Silas and Timothy came from Macedonia, Paul ardently co-operated with them in the word, and tes- tified to the Jews, that Jesus was the Messiah. And as they were ar- rayed in hostility, and were reviling, he shook his raiment, and said to them, Let your blood rest on your own head ; I am innocent : from this time I will go to the Gentiles. And passing thence, he entered the house of a certain man named Justus, a Jewish proselyte, whose house was very near the synagogue. Now Crispus, the ruler of the syn- agogue, believed in the Lord witli nil his family ; and many of the Co- rinthians hearing, believed, and wore baptized.' The Lord then said to sao APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Paul by a vision in the night, Fear not, but speak, and be not silent : for I am with you, and no man shall assail you to your injury ; for I have numerous people in this city. And he remained there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them. But, while Gallio was pro-consul of Achaia, the Jews unitedly assail- ed Paul, and brought him before the tribunal ; alleging. This individual persuades men to worship God contrary to the law. And when Paul was preparing to speak, Gallio said to the Jews, If it were an act of injustice, or destructive mischief, O ye Jews, it would be but reasonable, that I should patiently hear you ; but if it be a question concerning doctrine, and names, and the law which is among you, attend to it your- selves ; for I will not adjudicate on such subjects. And he authorita- tively dismissed them from the tribunal. Then all the Jews seized Sos- thenes, the chief ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the tri- bunal : but GaUio did not interfere in any of these transactions. And Paul still remained there for a considerable time ; and then tak- ing leave of the brethren, he sailed from thence to Syria, in company with Priscilla and Aquila ; having shorn his head at Cenchrea ; for he had made a vow. And he arrived at Ephesus, and there he left them : but he himself entered the synagogue, and discoursed to the Jews. And thougli they requested him to remain witli them for a longer time, he did not comply ; but bid them adieu, saying, It is necessary for me, by all means, to celebrate the approaching festival at Jerusalem ; but I will return to you, by permission of God. And he sailed from Ephesus. And landing at Cesarea, he ascended, and liaving saluted the church, he descended to Antioch. And when he had passed some time there, he departed, and traversed all the country of Galatia and Phrygia, in order ; establishing all the disciples. Besides, a certain Jew, whose name was Apollos, a native of Alexan- dria, a literary man, and powerful in the sfiptures, came to Ephesus. This person was initiated in the doctrine of the Lord ; and being ex- ceedingly zealous, he spoke and tatight accurately, the things of the Lord, though he knew only the baptism of John. And he began to speak with freedom in tlie synagogue : but after Aquila and Priscilla had heard him, they took him to their house, and more perfectly ex- plained to him the doctrine of God. And as he intended to pass into Achaia, the brethren wrote, exhorting the disciples kindly to receive him : and having arrived, he greatly assisted those believers, by his gift : for he most streiuiously confuted the Jews, in public, proving by the scriptures, thatJesus is the Messiah. And it occurred, tiiat, while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul, having passed througli the upper parts of the country, came to Ei)hesus ; and finding certain disciples, he said to them. Have you received the Holy Spirit, since you believed ? And tliey replied to him, No ; we have not even heard whether the Holy Spirit is yet imparted. And he said to them, With what then were you baptized ? And they answered, We APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. ggl received John's baptism. Paul then observed, John administered the baptism of reformation, declaring to the people, that they should believe in him who would succeed him, that is, in Jesus. And having heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And as Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came upon them ; and they spoke in different languages, and taught. And the entire number of the men was twelve. Now Paul entered the synagogue, and spoke freely ; discoursing for a period of three months, and endeavoring to persuade them of the things which relate to the kingdom of God. But when many were hardened, and disbeheved, and spoke contemptuously of that rehgion before the multitude, he departed from them, and withdrew the disci- ples, daily discussing in the school of one Tyrannus. And this was done for two years ; so that all those who inhabited Asia, both Jews and Gentiles, heard the word of the Lord. And God performed extra- ordinary miracles by the hands of Paul: so that sashes or girdles were conveyed from his person, to those who were sick ; and the diseases left them, and the evil spirits departed. Then some of the vagrant Jews, who practised exorcisms, undertook to invocate the name of the Lord Jesus in favor of those who had evil spirits, saying. We adjure you by Jesus, whom Paul preaches. Now the seven sons of Skeva, a chief priest of the Jews, were among those who did this. Then the evil spirit said in reply, I acknowledge Jesus ; and am acquainted with Paul : but who are you ? And the man, in whom t le evil spirit was, rushed on them, and gaining the superiority over them, subdued them, so that they fled from that house, unclad and wounded. Now, this was known to all the Jews and Greeks dwelling at Ephesus ; and fear fell ou them all, and the name of the Lord Jesus was extolled. And many of those who believed, came, confessing and renouncing their practices. And many of those who had practised magical arts, collected the Ephesian characters, and burned them be- fore all : and they computed the value of them, and ascertained it to be fifty thousand pieces of silver. The word of the Lord thus powerfully advanced and prevailed. Moreover, after these things were accomplished, Paul resolved in mind, having passed through Macedonia and Achaia, to go to Jerusa- em, observing, After I have been there, I must also visit Rome. And having sent two of his ministers, Timothy and Erastus, to Macedonia • he hmisclf remained for a time in Asia. Further, at that j.eriod, there was a great excitement relative to this religion. For a certain man, whose name was Demetrius, a silversmith, making silver models of Diana's temple, produced no inconsiderable gain to the artists ; whom he assembled, with the workmen, in similar fabrics, and said. Men, you are apprised, that from this manufacture, we denvc our subsistence. And you see and hear, that this Paul has per- suaded, and turned aside numerous people, not only of Ephesus, but •'ii^MM^ai 222 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. almost of all Asia, declaring, that those are not deities, who are made with hands : and there is danger, not only that this occupation of ours sliould be depreciated; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her grandeur destroyed, whom all Asia, and the whole world reverence. And having heard this, they were full of rage, and thus exclaim- ed, Great is Diana of the Ephesians ! And the whole city was filled with confusion; and they concurrently rushed to the theatre, drag- ging thither Caius and Aristarchus, both of Macedonia, the fellow-trav- ellers of Paul. Then Paul was disposed to enter among the people, but the disciples restrained him. And some of the governors of Asia, who were his friends, sent to him, advising him not to hazard himself at the theatre. Now some of the populace were clamorously uttering one thing, and some another : for the assembly was confused ; and the greater part did not know for what purpose they were convened. And Uie multitude encouraged Alexander, the Jews also urging liim forward. Then Alexander, having waved the hand, would have made a defence to the people. But being apprised that he was a Jew, all with one voice, for about two hours, vociferated. Great is Diana of the Ephesians. JNow, the principal officer of the city, having repressed the people, de- clared, Men of Ephesus, where then is the man, who does not know, that the city of the Ephesians is devoted to the great Diana, and to the image which fell down from Jupiter ? Since therefore, these things cannot be denied, you ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rashly. For you have brought here these men, who are neither plunderers of sacred places, nor revilers of your goddess. If therefore Demetrius, and the artificers who are with him, have a charge against any one, courts are held, and there are pro-consuls ; let them legally contend with each other : but if you institute any inquiry relative to other subjects, it shall be determined in the appropriate assembly. For we are even in danger of being publicly accused for this day's sedition ; as we can assign no reason to justify this tumultuous concourse. And having said this, he dismissed the assemblage. Now, after the disturbance ceased, Paul, having called the di.iciples to him, and embraced them, departed to go to Macedonia. And pass- ing through those parts, and extensively exhorting them, he proceeded to Greece. And having remained three months, an insidious plot being laid for him by the Jews, as he was about to sail to Syria, he determin- ed to return through Macedonia. Now Sopater n Berean, and son of Pyrrhus, accompanied him as far as to Asia ; but Aristarchus and Se- cundus of the Thessalonians ; and Caius of Derbe, and Timothy ; and Tychicus and Trophimus of the Asiatics, preceded, and awaited us at Troas. And we sailed out from Philippi, after the days of unleavened bread, and came to them at Troas in five days ; where we continued seven days. APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 333 And on the first day of the week, when we convened to break bread, fZ:T\ !!-^ *° '^'P'""' °" '^^ "^** ^"y^ discoursed to them, and pro- tracted his discussion to midnight : for there were numerous lamps in the upper room where we were assembled. Now a certain young man, sZ . h'^ p'',"";r^ '" '^^ °P^" ^"»^°^' «""'' i»*° ^ profound w t? ', "l f '*'" continued his discourse, he was so overpowered with rfeep that he fell from the third story, and was taken up dead. Ihen Paul descended, and extending himself by him, embraced him, and said be not disturbed ; for his life is in him. And having ascended, a^d broken bread, and eaten, and familiarly conversed for a long time, even to the dawn of day, he then departed. And they brought awa^ the youth alive, and were in no small degree consoled. But, having preceded to the ship, we sailed to Assos, where we were JnTJ^ rr". *\^"'" ^" ^''^ *•'"' """"^«'*' personally preferring to came o Muylene. And sailing thence, we arrived on the next day opposite to Chios ; and on the next day we touched at Samos ; and hav^ ing remained at Trogyllium, on the succeeding day we reached Miletus. *or lau had determined to sail by Ephesus, that he might not lose torhim, to be at Jerusalem on the day of Pentecost. bvt«r' fT ^i!''"l' ^^"' '""* *° ^P^^^"«' ^""^ ««»«d to him the pres- byters of the church. And when they were with him, he stated to them. You know, from the first day on which I entered Asia, how I have demeaned, in reference to you, during the whole period, serving the Lord with all humility of mind, and with tears and^rial s, wh ch befell me through the treacheries of the Jews : and that I have sit vorinH"f""^ that was advamageous; neglecting not to proclaim To you. and to instruct you pubUcly. and at your houses ; solemnly an- nouncing, both to Jews and to Greeks, reformation towards God! and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ. And now. behold, I feel my!elf iTtlwe bir' ^'^^«^«J«'-"-'«™.-t knowing the things which w 11 there befall me ; except that the Holy Spirit testifies in every citv, e atfo:;V;' t r"' ""^'^^^^"^ ^^^^^ '««• »"* ^ -^^e no con J: eration of any such thing; nor do I regard my Ufe as valuable to my- self; If I may but complete my course with joy, even the ministry which I have received from the Lord Jesus, earnestly to declare the ^^1 noirff 11 '^^'^^ "?'''•. ^"' ^^^'°'^' '"'^''«-^' ' - -- 'h" k^dol TgoT"'., " ' ^'' '''^" '^"°^''^^«'^' proclaiming the kingdom of God, will see my face any more. Therefore, I solemnly assure you this day. that I am clear from the blood of all for iZll not refrained to declare to you the emiro counsel of G;d. Attend therefore to yourselves, and to the whole flock, over which the Holy Spirit has constituted you inspectors, to nourish the church of the Lord. which he Ima ..nrol.no„,l ...;^i. 1- ., . _ _ *^"iu, this fl,„f n'n7, » -V-'^' •' """ "»- o>^n 0100a. Fur I am conscious of this, that after my departure, mischievous wolves wiU enter among you, 224 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. having no mercy on the flock. Indeed, from among yourselves men will arise, uttering perverse things, to decoy disciples after them. Watch therefore, remembering that for three years, by night and by day, I did not cease to admonish every one with tears. And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all those who are purified. I have coveted no man's silver, or gold, or attire. You personally know that these hands have been subservient to my necessities, and to those who were with me. I have shown you in all particulars, that by thus laboring, you ought to assist the weak, and to recollect the words of the Lord Jesus, that he alleged. It is more happy to give than to receive. And having thus spoken, he kneeled, and prayed with them all. And they all wept much ; and fell on Paul's neck, and tenderly kissed him ; principally afflicted at the declaration which he made. That they would behold his face no more. And they attended him to the ship. Now it occurred, after we had departed from them, and had sailed, that we proceeded in a direct course to Coos ; and on the following day to Rhodes, and thence to Patara : and having found a ship passing over to Phenicia, we embarked, and sailed. And arriving in view of Cyprus, and leaving it on the left hand, we sailed to Syria, and landed at Tyre ; for there the vessel was to leave the freight. And we continued there seven days, finding disciples, who told Paul through the Spirit, not to ascend to Jerusalem. And it happened, when we had passed tliose days, that we departed, and prosecuted our journey ; and they all accompanied us beyond the city, with their wives and children : and kneeling on the sea-shore, we prayed. And when we had taken affec- tionate leave of one another, Ave entered the ship, and they returned to their abodes. And we came from Tyre to Ptolemais, having completed our voyage ; and embracing the brethren, we remained with them one day : and on the next day we departed, and arrived at Cesarea ; and we entered the house of Philip the Evangelist, who was one of the seven, and resided with him. Now he had four virgin daughters who instructed. And as we continued there many days, a certain prophet whose name was Agabus, arrived from Judea. And when he came to us, he took Paul's girdle, and having bound his own hands and feet, he declared, Thus says the Holy Spirit, The Jews at Jerusalem will thus bind the man who owns this girdle, and will surrender him to the hands of the Gentiles. And when we heard these things, both we, and those of that place, entreated Paul not to go up to Jerusalem. But Paul replied, What is your object, in weeping, and afflicting my heart ? for I am ready not only to be bound, but also to die, at Jerusalem, for the name of the Lord Jesus. And as he would not be influenced, we desisted, saying, Let the will of the Lord be done. ♦• APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 317 God, who announce to us the way of salvation. And she did this for several days. But Paul, being afflicted, turned and said to the spirit, I command you in the name of Jesus Christ to depart from her : and it departed at that very time. But when her masters saw that this hope of their gain was gone, they seized Paul and Silas, and dragged them to the magistrates, at the market-place; and having brought them to the commanders of the army, they alleged, These men being Jews, disturb our city, and incul- cate religious requisitions, which it is not legal for us. as we are Ro- mans, to receive, or to obey. And the populace rose together against hem; and the officers, tearing off their garments, commanded that they should be beaten with rods. And having severely scourged the apostles, they cast them into prison, and charged the gaoler safely to keep them: who, having received such an injunction, thrust them into the inner prison, and secured their feet in the stocks. Now, at midnight, Paul and Silas prayed, and sang praises to God : and the prisoners heard them. And there was suddenly a great earth- quake, so that the foundations of the prison were shaken ; and immedi- ^'f^'riu *^V^°°" ^^••^ «P«n«d, and the chains of all the prisoners fell oft Then the gaoler, awakened from sleep, and perceiving the doors of the prison opened, drew a sword, and intended to kill himself, sup- posing that the prisoners had escaped. But Paul cried with a loud voice, saymg. Do yourself no injury; for we are all here. Then the gaoler, having called for lights, rushed in, greatly agitated, and fell pros- trate before Paul and Silas. And conducting them out, he said. Friends, what must I do, that I may be saved ? And they said. Believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, and you will be saved, and your family. And they declared to him the word of the Lord, and to all that were in his house. And taking them at that hour of the night, he bathed their stripes ; and he and all his were immediately baptized. And introducing the apos- tles into his house, he placed food before them, and he and all his household were transported with joy, on believing in God. And when it was day, the magistrates sent the officers, saying, Dis- charge those men. The gaoler then informed Paul of this order The magistrates have sent, to discharge you; now therefore depart, and pursue your journey in peace. But Paul observed to them. They have without adjudication, publicly scourged us, who are Roman citizens! and have thrown us into prison ; and do they now privately thrust us Z7\ ""V '^ '«* ^hem rather come personally, and liberate us. And the officers reported these declarations to the magistrates; and lens Sn t ' ^'""/'^^ ^^"'^ ^^'^^ *'" ^P««*^«« ^«^« R«™«n citi- zens. So they came and consoled them, and conducting them out, requested that they would depart from the city. Upon fhis, having withdrawn from the prison, they entered the house of Lydia ; aid whe„ they had seen the brethren. th«.v ..^h^^^A ♦!,„-, „-j -3/ -. ', 28 S18 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ^ m ijt fS It PI After Paul and Silas had travelled through Amphipolis and Apollonia, «„hK !^ , «ccustomed, entered a.uonjr them, and on three «abbaths discoursed to them from the scriptures. Lcidat ng them and proving by references, that the Messiah must necessarily have suffLred and been restored from the dead ; and that this Jesus, whom aid he.' I announce to you, is the Messiah. And some of them were convinced and adhered to Paul and Silas ; and also a considerable numberTf the' devout Greeks, and not a few of the principal women. But the Jews attached to themselves certain iniquitous men of the forensic class, and hav.ng assembled the populace, excited a commotion SHa tblf'tr "^.^T''"^'.^''« '"'"«« "^ »»- J««<>". nought for Paul and them, they dragged Jason and some of the brethren to the rulers of the rrr^;o7; "'"^; "T """ "''" '""'^ ""^^^'•^•^'' »'"« ^-Id, have even arrived here; whom Jason has privately entertained: and they all oppose the instuutes <,f Cesar, alleging that there is another kingf one Jesus And the people and the n.agistrntes of the city were greatly disturbed, when they heard these things: and having taken sLrity from Jason and the others, they discharged them. ^ But the brethren immediately sent away Paid and Silas by night to Berea ; who having reached there, entered the synagogue of the Jews Ihese. however, were more ingenuously disposed than tlu.se at Thessa- lon.ca, for they received (he word with all ahu-rity of mind, daily exam- .nniff the scriptures, whether these things were true. Many of them therefore believed; and ..Iso of the (Grecian women of rank, and Tf inen not a lew. Moreover, as some of the Jews of Thessalonica under- stood, that the word of (Unl was preaeh.Ml by Paul at Berea, they also came there exciting the people. And then the brethren immediately sent away Paul, to go apparently towards the sea ; but Silas and Tinui . y st.ll remained there. And those who conducted Paul, brought him o Athens; and having received an injuncti.m to Silas and Timothy, that they would expeditiously c«.me to him, they de|)arfed Now, while Paul was awaiting their arrival at Athens, his min.l was powerfully incited within him, when he surveyed the city full of idols. Moreover, he was constantly reasoning with the Jews, n;,d with the ^entile proselytes in the sym.gogue, and daily in the n.arket-place with such as presented themselves. But some of the E,,icurean ami Stoi,.»l philosophers eneountere.l him. And some observed. What will this declnimer say? „„d others, Ife appears to be a herald of foreign del ,e»; because he published to them the joyful intdligence of Jcsuh and the future life. And they took him. and conducted him to the court' ol Areopagus, saying, We cannot c.unprehend this new doctrine, of which you speak. For you bring certain strange things to .n.r ears : we wish, therefore, to know what these things can mean. (Now uli the Ath«ni. APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 919 ans, and the resident foreigners, gave themselves to nothing else, but either to tell or to hear some news). Paul then stood in the centre of the court of Areopagus, and remark- ed ; Men of Athens, I perceive that you are greatly devoted to the wor- ship of invisible powers. For as I passed by, and beheld the objects of your devotion, I found an altar with this inscription. To an unknown n^in """ *^«'"«f°'-«' ^hom you ignorantly worship, I proclaim to you. The God who created the world, and all things that are in it, he, being Lord of heaven and earth, dwells not in temples made with hands ; nor IS he served by the hands of men, as if he wanted any thing ; since he himself imparts to all, life, and breath, and all things : and he has made trom one race, every community of men, to dwell on the entire surface ot the earth ; and has designated their appointed periods, and the lim- Its of their residence ; that they might seek God, as even, by groping in darkness they would find him; since he is not far from every one of us : for through him we live, and move, and exist ; as some of the poets among you have also declared, For we arc indeed his offs,,ring. There- fore, being the offspring of God, we should never imagine that the Dei- ty resembles gold, or silver, or stone, the resuh of human design and operation. G.ui, however, overlooked the periods of such ignorance; but he now commands all men, in every place, to reform : because he has established a day, in which he will ju.lge the world in righteousness, by a n.an, whom he has appointed; giving proof of this to all, in hav- ing riused him from the dead. Now, when they heard of the future existence of the dea.l, some de- rided ; and others alleged, we will hear you again o„ ,his subject. And bus, I ani departed fron. the midst of them. However, some men ad- hered to h.m, „„,1 |,dicved ; anu.ng wh.,m were Dionysius the Areopa- gite, and a woman whose name was DanuuiH, and others besides them. An.l J a.d, at a ^Mbse.p.ent perio.l, departing from Athens, proceeded to (,unnth ; and hading there a e.-rtnin Jew, nan.ed Aquila. a native of 1 ontus, recently arrive.l fron. Italy, with Prisedla his wife ; auH-ause Chmdnis had commanded all the Jews to .bpart fron. Kon.e), he went to then,. And ns he was of ,|,e «„,„« trade, he remained with them, nn.l labored: lor by their oeruoation, they were te..t-n,Mkers. And ho discoursed in the synagogue on every sabbath, an.l en,leav<,red to per- sumle Jews an,| Greeks. Hut when Wilas an.l Tin.othy came from Macedon.a, Paul ar.lently eo-operate.l with ,hem in the word, am« teB- tihed to the Jews, that J.-sus was the Messiah. And as they were ar- rayed in hostility, and were rev.ling, he shook his ra.n.ent. and said to hen., Let your bloo,| rest o„ your own head ; I am innocent : from thin line I w.ll go to the (;entiles. And passing thenre, he entered the house of a cer.au. ...an nan.e.l Justus, a J.-wish proselyte, whose house was very near the synagog„o. Now ('rispus. the rnler of t.». .v„. nj^W^K; iK.heve.i in the Lonl with all his fan.ijy ; and many of the C'o- ru.thm„B hearing, believed, an,l wen- bnpii/.ed. The Lord then said fo aao APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. b ii^ Paul by a vision in the nigJit, Fear not, but speak, and be not silent : for I am with you, and no man shall assail you to your injury ; for I have numerous people in this city. And he remained there a year and SIX months, teaching the word of God among them. But, while Gallio was pro-consul of Achaia, the Jews unitedly assail- ed Paul, and brought him before the tribunal ; alleging, This individual persuades men to worship God contrary to the law. And when Paul was preparing to speak, Gallio said to the Jews, If it were an act of injustice, or destructive mischief, O ye Jews, it would be but reasonable, that I should patiently hear you ; but if it be a question concerning doctrine, and names, and the law which is among you, attend to it your- selves ; for I will not adjudicate on such subjects. And he authorita- tively dismissed them from the tribunal. Then all the Jews seized Sos- thenes, the chief ruler of the synagogue, and beat him before the tri- bunal : but Gallio did not interfere in any of these transactions. And Paul still remained there for a considerable time ; and then tak- ing leave of the brethren, he sailed from thence to Syria, in company with Pnscillaand Aquila; having shorn his head at Ccnchrea ; for he had made a vow. And he arrived at Ephesus, and there he left them : but he himself entered the synagogue, and discoursed to the Jews. And though they requested him to remain with them for a longer time, he did not comply ; but bid them adieu, saying. It is necessary for me, by all means, to celebrate the approaching festival at Jerusalem ; but I will return to you, by permission of God. And he sailed from Ephesus. And landing at Cesarea, he ascended, and having saluted the church, he descended to Antioch. And when he had passed some time there, he departed, and traversed all the country of Galatia and Phrygia, in order ; establishing all the disciples. Besides, a certain Jew, whose name was Apollos, a native of Alexan- dria, a Uterary man, and powerful in the scriptures, came to Ephesus. This person waa initiated in the doctrine of the Lord ; and being ex- ceedingly zeaJouB, he spoke and taught accurately, the things of the Lord, though he knew only the baptism of John. And he began to speak with freedom in the synagogue : but after Aquila and Priscilla had heard hira, they took him to their house, and more perfectly ex- plained to him the doctrine of God. And as he intended to puss into Achaia, the brethren wrote, exhorting the disciples kindly to receive him : and having arrived, he greatly assisted those believers, by hia gift : for he most strenuously confuted the Jews, in public, proving by the icriptures, thatJesus is the McHsiah. And it occurred, that, while Apollos waa at Corinth, Paul, having passed through the upper parts of the country, came to Ephesuu ; and finding certain disciples, ho said to them, Have you received the Holy Spirit, since you believed 1 And they replied to him, No ; we have not oven heard whether the Holy Sj.irit is yet imparted. And he .aid to ihein, \Vith what tlieii were you baptized ? And they answered, We APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 221 received John's baptism. Paul then observed, John administered the baptism of reformation, declaring to the people, that they should believe in him who would succeed him, that is, in Jesus. And having heard this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And as Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came upon them ; and they spoke in different languages, and taught. And the entire number of the men was twelve. Now Paul entered the synagogue, and spoke freely ; discoursing for a period of three months, and endeavoring to persuade them of the things wliich relate to the kingdom of God. But when many were hardened, and disbelieved, and spoke contemptuously of that religion before the muhitude, he departed from them, and withdrew the disci- ples, daily discussing in the school of one Tyrannus. And this was done for two years ; so that all those who inhabited Asia, both Jews and Gentiles, heard the word of the Lord. And God performed extra- ordinary miracles by the hands of Paul : so that sashes or girdles were conveyed from his person, to those who were sick ; and the diseases left them, and the evil spirits departed. Then some of the vagrant Jews, who practised exorcisms, undertook to invocate the name of the he d Jesus in favor of those who had evil spirits, saying. We adjure you by Jesus, whom Paul preaches. Now the seven sons of Skeva, a chief priest of the Jews, were among those who did this. Then the evil spirit said in reply, I acknowledge Jesus ; and am acquainted with Paul : but who are you ? And the man, in whom the evil spirit was, rushed on them, and gaining the superiority over them, subdued them, so that they fled from that house, unclad and wounded. Now, this was known to all the Jews and Greeks dwelling at Ephcsus ; and fear fell on them all, and the name of the Lord Jesus was extolled. And many of those who believed, came, confessing and renouncing their practices. And many of those who had practised magical arts, collected the Ej.hesian characters, and burned them be- fore all : and they computed the value of them, and ascertained it to be fifty thousand pieces of silver. The word of the Lord thus powerfully advanced and prevailed. Moreover, after these things were accomplished, Paul resolved in mind, having passed through Macedonia and Achaia, to go to Jerusa- lem, observing. After I have been there, 1 nmst also visit Rome. And having sent two of his nunisters, Timothy and Erastus, to Macedonia ; he himself remained for a time in Asia. Further, at that period, there was a great excitement relative to this religion. For a certain man, whose name was Demetrius, a silversmith, making silver models of Diana's temple, produced no inconsiderable gain to the artists ; whom he assembled, with the workmen, in similar fabrics, and said, Men, you are apprised, that from this manufacture, we derrrr auf guhsisicncr. And you see and hear, iliat this Paul has per- «ui.ded, and turned aside numerous pe(»ple, not only of Ephcsus, but 11 ■if m W-: 232 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. almo3t of all Asia, declaring, that those are not deities, who are made With hands : and there is danger, not only that this occupation of oura sliould be depreciated; but also that the temple of the great goddess Uiana should be despised, and her grandeur destroyed, whom all Asia, and the whole world reverence. And having heard this, they were full of rage, and thus exclaim- ed, t,rent 18 Diana of the Ephesians ! And the whole city was filled with confusion ; and they concurrently rushed to the theatre, drag- ging thither Cams and Aristarchus, both of Macedonia, the fellow-trav- ellers of Paul. Then Paul was disposed to enter among the people, but tlie disciples restrained him. And some of the governors of Asia, who were his friends, sent to him, advising him not to hazard himself at the theatre. Now some of the populace were clamorously utterin- one thing, and some another : for the assembly was confused ; and the greater part did not know for what purpose tliey were convened. And Uie multitude encouraged Alexander, the Jews also urging him forward, llien Alexander, having waved the hand, would have made a defence to the people. But being apprised that he was a Jew, all with one voice, for about two hours, vociferated, Great is Diana of the Ephesians. Now, the principal officer of the city, having repressed the people, de- clared, Men of Ephesus, where then is tlie man, who does not know, that the city of the Ephesinns is devoted to the great Diana, and to the image which fell down from Jupiter? Since therefore, these things cannot he denied, you ought to be quiet, and to do nothing rasldy. For you have brought here these men, who are neither plunderers of sacred places, nor revilers of your goddess. If therefore Demetrius, and the artificers who are with him, have a charge against any one, courts are held, and there are pro-consuls ; let then, legally contend with each other : but it you institute any inquiry relative to other subjects, it shall be determined in the appropriate assembly. For we are even in danger of being publicly accused for this day's sedition; as we can assign no reason to justify this tumultuous concourse. And having said this, he dismissed the nsscmljlage. Now, aftor the disturbance ceased, Paul, having called the discinloi to h.m, and oiubraced them, de,,»rted to go to Macedonia. And pass- ing through tho:.e jwxrts, and extensively exhorting them, he proceeded to Greece. And having remained three months, an insidious plot beinff laid for him by the Jews, as ho was about to sail to Syria, he determiii- ed to return through Macedonia. Now Sopatcr a IJerean, and son of Pyrrhus, aeconq.anied him as far as t<. Asia ; but Aristarchus and Se- ciiiK IIS of the ThesHah.nians ; and Caius of Derbe, and Timothy; and Tychicus and Tr..,,hii,.us of the Asiatics, preceded. an,l awnite.l uh at Iroas. An.l w., hhiIcI out from Philippi, after the l. I t ,11= orrij uittsm. rwri am conaCioUB or this, that aAer my departure, mischievous wolves will enter among you, 224 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. having no mercy on the flock. Indeed, from among yourselves men will arise, uttering perverse things, to decoy disciples after them. Watch therefore, remembering that for three years, by night and by day, I did not cease to admonish every one with tears. And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which 18 able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all those who are purified. I have coveted no man's silver, or gold, or attire. You personally know that these hands have been subservient to my necessities, and to those who were with me. I have shown you in all particulars, that by thus laboring, you ought to assist the weak, and to recollect the words of the Lord Jesus, that he alleged. It is more happy to give than to receive. And having thus spoken, he kneeled, and prayed with them all. And they all wept much ; and fell on Paul's neck, and tenderly kissed him ; principally afilicted at the declaration which he made. That they would behold his face no more. And they attended him to the ship. Now it occurred, after we had departed from them, and had sailed, that we proceeded in a direct course to Coos ; and on the following day to Rhodes, and thence to Patara : and having found a ship passing over to Phenicia, we embarked, and sailed. And arriving in view of Cyprus, and leaving it on the left hand, we sailed to Syria, and landed at Tyre ; for thero the vessel was to leave the freight. And we continued there seven days, finding disciples, who told Paul through the Spirit, not to ascend to Jerusalem. And it happened, when we had passed those days, that we departed, and prosecuted our journey; and they all accompanied us beyond the city, with their wives and children : and kneeling on the sea-shore, we prayed. And when we had taken affec- tionate leave of one another, we entered the ship, and they returned to their abodes. And we came from Tyre to Ptolemais, having completed our voyage r and embracing the brethren, we remained with them one day : and on the next day we departed, and arrived at Cesarea ; and we entered the house of Philip the Evangelist, who was one of the seven, and resided with him. Now he had four virgin daughters who instructed. And as we continued there many days, a certain prophet whose name was Agabus, arrived from Judea. And when he came to us, he took Paul's girdle, and having bound his own hands and feet, he declared. Thus says the Holy Spirit, The Jews at Jerusalem will thus bind the man who owns this girdle, and will surrender him to the hands of the Gentiles. And when we heard these things, both we, and those of that place, entreated Paul not to go up to Jerusalem. But Paul replied. What is your object, in weeping, and afflicting my heart ? for I am ready not only to be bound, but also to die, at Jerusalem, for the name of the Lord Jesus. And as he would not be influenced, we desisted, sayinir, Let the will nf the Lord be done. APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. as5 Further, after tliese days, we, being prepared for the journey, went up to Jerusalem. And some of the disciples from Cesarea also accom- panied us, and introduced us to one Mnason, a Cyprian, an old disciple, with whom we were to lodge. And when we had arrived at Jerusalem, the brethren received us with pleasure. And on the next day Paul repaired with us to James ; and all the presbyters were present. And having saluted them, he minutely related what God had accomplished among the Gentiles through his ministry. Now, when they heard it, they praised God, and remarked to Paul, You perceive, brother, how many myriads of believing Jews there are, all zealous for the law. Moreover, they have been informed respecting you, that you instruct all the Jews, who are among the Gen- tile nations, to apostatize from Moses, alleging, that they ought not to circumcise their children, nor to pursue the customs. What therefore should be done ? A multitude will undoubtedly assemble ; for they will hear that you have come. Do therefore this, which we propose to you. We have four men, who have a vow on them ; take them, and purity yourself with them, at a mutual expense, that they may shave tlieir • heads ; and that all may know there is nothing in what they have been told respecting you ; but that you yourself also demean regularly, keep- ing the law. In reference, however, to the Gentiles who are believers, we have written and determined that they shall observe no such thing ; but that they shall only keep themselves from what is offered to idols, and' from blood, and from that which is strangled, and from incontinence. Then Paul took the men, and on the next day being purified with them, entered the temple, announcing the completion of the days of purification, till an offering should be made for every one of them. Moreover, as the seven days were about to be terminated, the Jews who were from Asia, beholding him in the temple, excited the whole populace, and laid hands on him, exclaiming. Men of Israel, assist ! This is the man who every where teaches all men contrary to the people, and the law, and to this place : and further, has even brought Greeks into the temple ; and has contaminated this sacred place. (For they had previously seen with him in the city Trophimus the Ephesian, whom th.iy imagined that Paul had brought into the temple). And the whole city was disturbed, and there was a sudden assemblage of the people ; and having seized Paul, they dragged him from the temple ; and the gates were instantly closed. And as they were endeavoring to kill him, intelligence reached the tribune of the cohort, that all Jerusalem was in confusion ; who immediately detached soldiers and centurions, and rushed down upon them : and when they saw the tribune and the sol- diers, they desisted from beating Paul. The tribune then approached, and seized him, and ordered him to be bound with two chains ; and ni(|uired who ho was, and what he hud done. But as some amonir the multitude vociferated one thing, and some another : ami as he could not ascertain the truth, in consequence of the tumult, he cunmanded 29 226 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Sir that Paul should be conveyed to the castle. But when he came to the steps, it occurred, that he was borne away by the soldiers, on account of the violence of the crowd. For the multitude of the people pursued, exclaiming. Destroy him ! And while they were conducting him into the castle, he said to the tribune. May I be permitted to address you ? And he replied. Do you understand Greek ? Are you not that Egyp- tian, who, at a former period, excited a sedition, and led four thousand assassins to the wilderness? But Paul said, I am indeed a Jew of Tarsus, in Cilicia ; a freeman of no contemptible city : and, I entreat you, permit me to speak to the people. And having obtained permis- sion, Paul, standing on the steps, waved the hand to the people. And when perfect silence prevailed, he thus spoke to them in the Hebrew language. . . . Brethren, and fathers, hear now my vindication before you. (And when they perceived that he addressed them in the Hebrew language, they were the more silent ; and he remarked, I am assuredly a Jew, born at Tarsus, in Cilicia, but educated in this city ; being instructed at the feet of Gamaliel, according to the exactness of the patriarchal law ; and being zealous for God, as you all are this day. And I persecuted the followers of this religion even to death, binding both men and women, and committing them to prisons ; as, moreover, the high priest is my witness, and the whole body of the elders ; from whom having also received letters to the brethren, I proceeded to Damascus, that I might bring those who were there, also, bound to Jerusalem to be pun- ished. And it occurred, as I pursued my journey, and approached Damascus, about noon, that a great hght from heaven suddenly shone around me. And I fell to 'he ground, and heard a voice saying to me, Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me ? And I replied, Who art thou. Sir ? And he said to me, I am Jesus the Nazarean, whom you perse- cute. Now those who were with me saw indeed the light, and were terrified ; but they understood not the voice of him who spoke to me. And I said. What must I do, Lord ? And the Lord said to me, Arise, and go to Damascus ; and you will there be informed of all things that are appointed for you to do. And as I could not see from the intense splendor of that light, I was led by the hands of my companions to Damascus. Now one Ananias, a devout man according to the law, wJio possessed an honorable reputation among all the Jews who resided there, came to me, and standing near, said to me. Brother Saul, receive your sight. And at that very time, I looked up to him. And he declared, The God of our fathers has previously designated you to know his will, and to see that Righteous Personage, and to hear a voice from his mouth ; for you will be his witness to all men, of what you have seen and heard. And now wiiy do you delay ? Arise, and be baptized, and wash away your sins, invoking iiis name. And it h) nnfitipH. rt ^heP 1 rntiirnpfl tn .Toriianl<%ni nnA Atitc V.'RS praying in the temple, that I was in an ecstasy ; and I beheld Jesus, APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 827 announcing to me, Hapten, instantly depart from Jerusalem ; for they will not receive your te timony respecting me. And I observed, Lord, they are aware, that 1 imprisoned, and scourged in the synagogues, those who confided in thee. And when the blood of Stephen, thy mar- tyr, was shed, I also stood by, and cheerfully consented to his death, keeping the vestments of those who destroyed him. But he said to me, Depart ; for I will send you far distant to the Gentiles. . . . Now they attended to him, till he uttered this expression ; and they then raised their voice, saying, Destroy such a man from the earth ; for it is not proper that he should exist. And as they were exclaiming, and were rending their garments, and throwing dust into the air, the tribune commanded that he should be taken into the castle, and exam- ined by scourging ; that he might ascertain for what reason they thus exclaimed against him. And as they were binding him with cords, Paul said to the centurion who was present, Is it lawful for you to scourge a man who is a Roman citizen, and uncondemned ? Now, when the centurion was thus apprised he went and informed the tribune, saying, What are you about to do ? for this man is a Roman citizen. The tribune then came, and said to him, Inform me, are you a Roman citizen 1 And he said, Yes. Then the tribune answered, I attained this freedom at a great expense. And Paul rejoined, But I was even born free. Upon this, those who were going to examine him, immediately left him : and moreover, the tribune was alarmed, that he had bound Paul, when he ascertained that he was a Roman citizen. And on the next day, desiring certainly to know of what he was ac- cused by the Jews, he loosed him, and enjoined the chief priests and all the council to assemble ; and having brought Paul down, he placed him before them. Then Paul, attentively surveying the sanhedrin, declared. Brethren, I have always Uved with a good conscience, before God. But An- anias the high priest commanded those who stood near him, to smite him on the mouth. Paul then said to him, God will smite you, whitened wall : for do you sit to judge me in conformity to the law, and yet com- mand, that I should be smitten, in violation of the law ? And those who were standing by, said, Do you revile the high priest of God 1 Paul then alleged, I was not aware, brethren, that he is the high priest ; for it is written. Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people. Paul, however, percuiving one part to be sadducees, and the other Pharisees, exclaimed in the council. Brethren, I am a Pharisee, a son of a Pharisee : concerning the hope of the resurrection of the dead, I am arraigned. And as he announced this, a contention ensued between the Pharisees and the sadducees ; and the multitude was divided. For the sadducees actually assert, that there is no resurrection, nor angel, nrtr spjrjt ; but the pharisees admit both. And there was a greal cianior : and the scribes on the part of the pharisees rose up, and violently strove, '■m ArOSTOLlC PRODUCTIONS. Ill affirming, We find nothing amiss in this man ; and if a spirit or an angel have spoken to him, let us not contend against God. And as there was a great dissension, tiie tribune fearing lest Paul would be torn in pieces by them, ordered the soldiers to go down, and forcibly take him from the midst of them, and bring him into the castle. Now, on the following night, the Lord stood by him, and said, Take courage ; for as you have particularly testified concerning me at Jeru- salem, so you must also bear testimony at Rome. And when it was day, some of the Jews lawlessly combined, and bound themselves by an oath, declaring, that they would neither eat nor drink, till they had killed Paul. Indeed, there were more than forty, who had engaged in this conspiracy. And they came to the chief priests and the elders, and said, We have bound ourselves by a solemn anathema, not to taste any thing, till we have slain Paul. Now therefore, do you, with the council, intinmte to the tribune, that he bring him down to you to- morrow, as if you would more accurately determine respecting him ; and we, before he approaches you, will be prepared to destroy him. But the son of Paul's sister, hearing of the treachery, came up, and entering the castle, informed Paul. Then Paul, calling one of the cen- turions to him, said. Conduct this young man to the tribune ; for he has something to tell him. He therefore took and led him to the tribune, and said, Paul the prisoner calling me to him, desired that I would bring this young man to you, who has something to tell you. And the tribune, taking him by the hand, and leading him to a retired place, asked him. What is 't, that you have to tell me 1 And he said, The Jews have re- solved to request you, to bring down Paul to-morrow to the sanhedrin, ns though they woidd institute a more particular inquiry concerning him. But do not confide in them ; for more than forty of them arc in- sidiously watching him, who have subjected themselves to an oath of imprecation, that they will neither eat nor drink till they have destroyed him : and they are now ready, expecting an assurance from you. Moreover, the tribune then dismissed the young man, with the injunc- tion. Inform no one what you have told me. And having summoned to him two select centurions, he directed, Detach two hundred infantry to advance to Cesarea, and seventy horse- men, and two hundred spearmen, at the third hour of the night ; and furnish animals on which to place Paul, that they may convey him safely to Felix the governor. And he wrote a letter comprised in this form ; Claudius Lysias to the most excellent governor Felix, with salutation. As this man was seized by the Jews, and was about to be destroyed by them, I encountered them with an armed force, and rescued him, having understood that he was a Roman citizen. And wishing to know the crime of which they accused him, I brought him down to their sanhedrin. And I found that he was accused only upon some questions of their law; but that nothing was nlleged nirniiist him descrvin" deatli or iinnriaonnient. closed to me, that an ambuscade was projected was ''1.. APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 229 against him by the Jews, I immediately sent to yon, having also com- manded tlie accusers to lay before you the allegations against liim. Farewell. The soldiers, therefore, as they were ordered, took Paul, and convey- ed him by night to Antipatris. And on the next day, they returned to the castle, having left the horsemen to proceed with him ; who, after their arrival at Cesarea, delivered the letter to the governor, and pre- sented Paul before him. Now, when he had read it, he inquired of what province Paul was. And having been informed that he was from Cilicia, he observed, I will fully hear you, when your accusers also have arrived. And he commanded him to be kejit in Herod's pretorium. Now, after five days, Ananias the high priest descended with the el- ders, and a certain orator named TertuUus ; who appeared before the governor ogainst Paul. And when he was summoned, Tertullus began thus to accuse him ; Whereas, we enjoy great peace through your agency, and illustrious benefactions are rendered to this nation by your wise policy, we recognise it ever, and in all places, most excellent Felix, with entire gratitude. That I may not, however, continue to detain you, I implore you, in your igenuousness, briefly to hear us. For we have found this man a perfect pestilence, and an instigator of commo- tions against the Jews through the world, and a chieftain of the sect of the Nazareans ; who has attempted even to profane,the temple ; whom we arrested, and would have judged conformably to our law ; but Lysias the tribime, besetting us with an armed force, wrested him from our hands, having commanded his accusers to repair to you ; by which means you may yourself, on examination, take cognizance relative to all those particulars, of which we accuse him. And the Jews also, jointly opposing him, supported these declarations. Moreover, as the governor made a signal to him to speak, Paul replied ; Apprised, that you have been for several years a ruler to this nation, I offer my defence with the greater alacrity; for you can ascer- tain, that only twelve days have transpired, since I arrived to worship at Jerusalem : and they neither found me disputing with any man in the temple, nor exciting an insurrection among the multitude, either in the synagogues, or against the city ; nor can they substantiate the accu- sations, which they now prefer against me. But this I confess to you that according to the mode which they style a sect, I thus worship the patriarchal God, believing all things which are written in the law and in the prophets ; having hope in reference to God, of what they them- selves even expect, that there will be a future existence, both of the righteous and unrighteous. And in this I exercise myself, ever to have an inoflensive conscience towards God and men. Now, after several years, I came to bring alms to my nation, and ofl-erings. And at that time, some Asiatic Jews found me purified in the temple, but not wit., a rauliiiudc, nor with tumult ; who ought to have presented them- 230 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. I' K Ih' selves before you, and accused me, if they had any thing against me. Or, let these individuals allege, what crime they found in me, while I was arraigned before the sanhedrin, unless it be for this single declaration, which I announced standing among them. In relation to the resurrection of the dead, I am judged by you this day. And Felix, having heard these things, deferred them, remarking, When I shall have attained more accurate information concerning this religion ; and when Lysias the tribune shall come down, I will fully investigate your case. And he commanded the centurion to keep Paul, and to give him hberty, and that he should forbid none of his friends to relieve, or visit him. And after some days, Felix coming with Drusilla his wife, who was a Jewess, sent for Paul, and heard him relative to the faith in Christ. And as he discoursed concerning justice, self-government, and the future retribution, Fehx, being terrified, answered. Depart for the present, and I will embrace an opportunity, and send for you. He also hoped, at the same time, that money would have been given him by Paul, that he might liberate him ; and therefore, he more frequently sent for him, and conversed with him. But, at the expiration of two years, Portius Festus succeeded Felix in his government ; and Felix, wishing to ingratiate himself with the Jews, left Paul a prisoner. Accordingly, Festus arrived in the province, and after three days went up from Cesarea to Jerusalem. Then the high-priest, and the princi- pal men among the Jews, appeared before him against Paul, and were entreating liim to favor them by remanding Paul to Jerusalem ; intend- ing treacherously to destroy him on the road. But Festus replied. That Paul should be retained at Cesarea, and that he would soon personally repair to that place. And he added, Let such of you, therefore, as can give the best information, go down with me, and accuse this man, if there be any thing amiss in him. And having remained among them not more than eight or ten days, he went down to Cesarea ; and the next day, seated on the tribunal, he commanded Paul to be brought. And when he appeared, the Jews who descended from Jerusalem stood around, and brought numerous and heavy charges against Paul, which they were unable to prove ; while he vindicated himself, alleging. Neither against the law of the Jews, nor against the temple, nor against Cesar, have I, in any respect, offended. But Festus, desiring to please the Jews, answered Paul, and said, Do you wish to go up to Jerusalem, and there be tried for these things before me ? Paul then declared, I am standing at the tribunal of Cesar, where I ought to be judged. I have done no wrong to the Jews, as you are also completely aware. For assuredly, if I have offended, and com- mitted any act deserving death, I refuse not to die : but if the accusa- tions, which these make against me, be groundless, no man shall gratu- ii--i APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. 931 itoufily surrender me to them. I appeal to Cesar. Then Festus, having conferred with the council, replied, You have appealed to Cesar; to Cesar you shall go. And after some days, king Agrippa and Bernice came to Cesarea to pay their respects to Festus. And when they had remained there many days, Festus explained Paul's case to the king, remarking. There is a certam man left a prisoner by Felix ; respecting whom, when I was at Jerusalem, the chief priests and the elders of the Jews made a repre- sentation, soliciting sentence of death against him : to whom I answer- ed, that it is not the usage of the Romans thus to doom any man, till he who IS accused have the accusers face to face, and enjoy the privi- lege of defence, relative to the accusation. When, therefore, they arrived here, without making any delay, I occupied the tribunal the day after, and commanded the man to be brought : against whom, when the accusers appeared, they made no allegation of such things as I expected ; but had some mqmsitions against him concerning their own religion, and in relation to one Jesus, who had died, but whom Paul affirmed to be alive. And as I hesitated about the inquisition respecting him, I inquired of him, whether he wished to go to Jerusalem, and there to be judged on these subjects. But when Paul had appealed to be reserved to the adjudication of the emperor, I commanded him to be kept, till I could send him to Cesar. Then Agrippa said to Festus, I myself also de- sire to hear this man. And he replied. To-morrow, you shall hear him. On the next day, therefore, when Agrippa and Bernice arrived, in great splendor, and entered the hall of audience, with the tribunes, and distinguished men of the city; at the command of Festus, Paul was brought. And Festus said, Iting Agrippa, and all men who are here present with us, you perceive this man, respecting whom the whole mul- titude of the Jews have urged me, exclaiming, that he ought not to live any longer. But when I discerned, that he had perpetrated nothing which deserved death, and moreover, he himself having appealed to the emperor, I determined to send him: respecting whom I have nothing definite to communicate to the sovereign. I have therefore brought him before you, and especially before yourself, king Agrippa, that on exam- mation, I may have something to write. For it appears to me unrea- sonable to send a prisoner, and not to state also the offences alleged against him. ^ Agrippa accordingly suggested to Paul, you are permitted to speak for yourself. Paul then extended the hand, and made his defence. I deem niyself fortunate, king Agrippa, that I can this day vindicate my- self before you, relative to all things of which I am accused by the Jews: particularly, as you are conversant with all the usages and inquiries, which prevail among the Jews. I therefore implore you, patiently to hear me. Fforn my youth, indeed, all the Jews know my former life, which was passed, from the commencement, among my own nation at Jerusalem ; ::.iiittMMMmi 232 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. and these were originally acquainted with me, who, if they would, might testify, that in accordance with the most rigid sect of our religion, I lived a pharisee. And now I stand in judgment, for the hope of that promise made by Gud to our fathers ; to which, our twelve tribes, per- petually worshipping night and day, expect to attain ; concerning which expectation, king Agrippa, I am accused by the Jews. What ! is it regarded by you as incredible, that God should raise the dead ? I certainly thought with myself, that I ought to do many things con- trary to the name of Jesus the Nazarean ; which I even did in Jeru- salem ; and having received authority from the chief priests, I shut up many of the saints in prisons, and when they were destroyed, I gave my suffrage against them : and frequently punishing them in all the syna- gogues, I compelled them to speak impiously; and being excessively furious towards them, I persecuted them even to foreign cities. And at that period, as I was proceeding to Damascus, with authority and commission from the chief priests, at mid-day, O king, I saw in the way a light from heaven, surpassing the effulgence of the sun, gleaming around me, and those who travelled with me. And when we were all prostrated to the earth, I heard a voice speaking to me, and saying, in the Hebrew language, Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me ? It is pre- sumptuous in you, to kick against the goijds. And I said. Who art thou, Sir ? and he declared, I am Jesus, whom you persecute. Therefore arise, and stand on your feet ; since I have appeared to you for this pur- pose, to appoint you a minister and a witness botli of the things which you have seen, and of those in which I will appear to you ; delivering you fronj the Jewish people, and from the Gentiles, to whom 1 now himuI you, to open their eyes, to bring them, Ity thu faith that is in me, from darkness to light, and from the powr of the adversary to God ; that tiiey njay receive forgiveness of sins, and an inheritance among those who are purified. Accordingly, king Agrippa, I was not faithless to the celestial vision; but proclaimed first to those in Damascus, and at Jerusalem, and thr!...:_ !is!ssntit;T-ti that those who could swim should first plunge in, and get to shore ; and APOSTOLIC TRANSACTIONS. S36 that the rest should do it, some on planks, and some on appurtenances of the ship : and it thus occurred, that they all safely reached the land. And after they had thus escaped, they ascertained that the island was called Melita. And the Barbarians displayed towards us no ordinary philanthropy ; for having kindled a fire, they conducted us all to it, in consequence of the existing rain, and also, of the cold. And as Paul was collecting a bundle of sticks, and placing them on the fire, a viper proceeded from the heat, and fastened on his hand. Now, when the Barbarians saw the serpent suspended from his hand, they said to each other, this man i-j unquestionably a murderer, whom! though he has escaped the sea, yet vengeance does not permit to live. Then indeed, he shook off the creature into the fire, and suffered no injury. However, they expected that he would swell, or instantly fall down dead ; but having waited a long time, and perceiving that he sustained no injury, they ahered their opinion, and alleged that he was a God. And in the vicinity of that place, was the estate of the governor of the island, whose name was Publius ; who received us, and benevolently entertained us for three days. Now it happened, that the father of Pub- lius was confined with a fever, and a hemorrhage ; into whose house Paul entered, and having prayed, put his hands on him, and healed him. This, therefore, having been done, even the rest in the island, who had diseases, came, and were restored. They indeed, bestowed on us many presents ; and when we departed, they put on board such things as were requisite. Now, after three months, we went to sea in an Alexandrian ship, which had wintered at the island, whose figure-heads were the Sons of Jupiter. So we landed at Syracuse, and remained three days : whence, coasting round, we came to Rhegium ; and, a day after, a south wind sprang up, and on the second day we reached Puteoli ; where we found some brethren, and were soUcited to continue with them seven days : and then wo proceeded towards Rome : Whence the brethren, ap- prised of our circumstances, came out to meet us, some, as far as Appii Forum, and others, to the Three Taverns : at the sight of whom Paul thanked God, and took courage. And when we came to Rome, the centurion dcUvered the prisoners to the commander of the emperor's gimrds ; but Paul was permitted to reside by himself, with a soldier, who guarded him. Further, it occurred, after three days, that Paul called together the principal men among the Jews. And when they were convened, ho said to them, Brethren, though I have done nothing against our people, or our paternnl cuntoms, yet 1 was delivered a prisoner ft-om Jerusalem into the hands of the R.unans ; wlio, having examined me, were dis- posed to liberate me, since it was found, that I had not comnutted any nncnre ihai deserved death. Out when the Jews opposed this, I was compelled to appeal to Cesar ; not as having any thing of which to ac- 2S(i APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. IJ. cuse my own nation. For this reason, therefore, I have desired to see, and converse with you ; since, on account of the hope of Israel, I am bound with this chain. Then they said to him, we have neither receiv- ed letters from Judea respecting you, nor has any one of the brethren that arrived, proclaimed or intimated any thing to your injury. But we wish to learn irom you what you think, for indeed, as to this sect, we know that it is every where reproached. Accordingly, on a day which they had mutually appointed, many came to him at his lodgings ; to whom he elucidated and testified the kingdom of God, endeavoring to persuade them, from the dawn of day till evening, of the things that relate to Jesus, both from the law of Moses, and from the prophets. And some were convinced by his words but others had no confidence. Thus, disagreeing among themselves, they departed, after Paul had made one remark. Justly did the Holy Spirit thus announce to our fathers by the prophet Isaiah, Go to this people, and declare. What you plainly hear, you will not comprehend ; and what you clearly see, you will negligently overlook : for the heart of this people is become gross, and they hear heavily with their ears, and they have closed their eyes ; so as not to see with their eyes, nor hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and retrace their steps, that I may restore them. Be it therefore known to you, that this salvation of God is sent to the Gentiles, and that they will attend to it. And when he had pronounced these words, the Jews departed, having much discussion among themselves. Now Paul continued two whole years in a mansion rented by him- self, and received all who came to him, proclaiming the dominion of God. and teaching those things which relate to the Lord Jesus Christ, with entire freedom of speech, and without interruption. *\ "■till:' THE LETTER OP PAUL TO THE ROMANS. Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, constituted an apostle, signally as- signed to announce the gospel of God, (which he had previously pro- claimed by his prophets in the sacred scriptures), relative to his Son, (who was derived from the posterity of David, with respect to his natu- ral descent ; but incontestably exhibited as the Son of God, with energy, in reference to the Spirit of holiness, by his resurrection from the dead); Jesus Christ our Lord, through whom we have received divine favor and apostolic authority, to promote obedience to the faith among all nations, on account of his name ; among whom are you also, the invited of Jesus Christ ; to all who are at Rome, beloved of God, called and consecrated ; grace be to you, and prosperity from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ. Now, in the first place, I thank my God, as a Christian, in behalf of all of you, because your faith is universally celebrated. For God is my witness, whom I serve with my whole heart, in dispensing the gospel of his Son, how incessantly I speak concerning you ; always supplicating in my prayers, that I may visit you ; if by any means, through the per- mission of God, I may, ultimately, have a favorable interview. For I ardently wish to sec you, that I may impart to you some spiritual gift, for your establishment ; and further, that I may bo consoled among you, by our reciprocal faith. However, brethren, I desire to inform you, that I have frequently intended to visit you, (but have, to this period, been prevented), that I might also have some fruit among you, even as among the other nations. My duty extemls both to the Greeks and the Barbarians, to the enlightened as well as the unenlightened. Therefore, to the extent of my ability, I am also cordially prepared to announce the joyful intelligence even to you who are at Rome. Indeed, I am not ashamed of the gospel ; because it has a power that is divine and saving to every believer ; first to the Jew, and then to the Greek. For therein, God's plan of pardoning by faith those who believe, is re- vealed ; according to which the scripture declares, The pardoned shall live by faith. Moreover, the displeasure of God is disclosed from heaven, against all impiety, and injusti..- of men, who, Jiaving access to tlie truth, live in sin. Besides, the knowledge of God is manift-st among them ; since God has communicated it to them. For, from the creation of the wnrhl, his invisible attributes, attentively considered, even his eternal power and divine agency, are clearly perceived in the things that are made j ■o that they are inexcusable. Further, wlicn tliey knew G..d, they did not pr3i5€ hi,„ r.3 God, nor were gfuieful ; but they became delusive in their reasonings, and their inconsiderate heart was darkened. Pretend- mssm 238 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ing to be wise, they became foolish ; and substituted, for the glory of the imperishable God, an image representing perishable man, and birds, and quadrupeds, and reptiles. And therefore, God surrendered them, through the desires of their own hearts, after impurity, voluntarily to dishonor their persons among each other ; to those, I refer, who had changed the true God for a false one, and had worshipped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is eternally praised. Amen ! In consequence of this, God even left them to the most infamous pas- sions ; for even their women, reversing the appropriate association, de- scended to unnatural profligacy ; and in like manner, the men also, leaving the natural intercourse, became mutually licentious, and familiar in that which is debased ; and they received among themselves the just retribution of their misconduct. As then, they did not search to retain God in their knowledge, God abandoned them, according to their regardless mind, to do things most reprehensible ; even those, who were filled with all injustice, inconti- nence, oppression, avarice, malignity ; who were full of envy, murder, contention, deception, vicious habits ; who Avere secret detractors, open slanderers, contemners of God, violent, proud, arrogant, projectors of mischief, disobedient to parents, reckless, perfidious, without natural affection, implacable, devoid of compassion ; who, apprised of God's rule of judgment, that they who commit such things, are punished with death, not only practise them, but even bestow commendation on those that perpetrate them. You are, therefore, without apology, O man, whoever you are that judge ; for in what you censure another, you condemn yourself ; be- cause you who pass judgment, are chargeable with the same things. We know, however, that the sentence of God is right, against those who commit such things. And do you even imagine, O man, the reprover of those who practise such things, while you are yersonally guilty of the same, that you will escape the divine determination ? or do you mis- apprehend his abundant kindness, and forbearance, and patience ; not reflecting thav '.indness of God invites you to reformation ? In complianr^e then, with your pervcrseness and impenitence of heart, you treasure to yourself punishment, in the day of vengeance, and manifes- tation of the righteous decision of God, who will render to every one according to his works ; (to those indeed, who by perseverance in good conduct, seek for glory, and honor, and immortality, — eternal life ; but to those who are refractory, and disobedient to the truth, while they are obedient to iniquity, — displeasure, and anger, affliction and distress; even upon every individual who does evil, first to the Jew, and then to the Grnck ; but glory, and honor, and peace, to every one who does good, first to the Jew, and then to the Greek : since there is no par- tiality with God. »# _-_.. __ •, « .:___,i ...:*i * i_»; — :ii _i :_u ITiurrtfTCi , ar ittaaj an t^nrrr riiiiit^u mtiimti icTTrzaiivii, Truz nisv- pciists without being judged by revelation ; and as many as have sinned under •* PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 339 revelation, wiU be tried by it ; for it is not they that have the law who will be acquitted by God, but those who obey it will be acquitted. If the GentUes, therefore, who have no revelation, perform, in a state of nature the requisitions of revelation, these persons, though they are tTl7J 'f7'**'r?' h*^« ^ ™1« within themselves. They plainly show that the duty, which revelation demands, is engraven on their hearts ; their conscience bearing concurrent testimony, and their mutual reasoni mgs a ternately appearing in accusation, or in defence : [I say, every one will thus be requited], at the period when, in conformity to the gol thtu^htslrrhH." ^^' ""^ '""''^ ''' ^"^'"^^ ^p-^*^«- «^ -- Cnl rr/°" r '^^l'*^ " *^"^' ^"** ^"P^^^ ^" the law, and exult in God, and know his wdl, and comprehend the discriminations, being i„. structed from the scriptures; and are confident that you are persona Iv a ^ide to the blind, a light to those who are in dark'ness, anfus uc^^ knowl .^ ' ^ *!"'^''" °^ ^^^'' ' ^^^'"g ^ delineation of the true knowledge comprised in the scriptures ;-you, then, who teach another do you not instruct yourself J you who announce, that a man should noj steal do you steal ? you who prohibit adultery, do you commit the of- fence ? you who abhor idols, do you perpetrate sacrilege 1 you who rn 7i V^ A^^"" ^""' *'""°"^*' infringement of the lav, dishonor ; ruin and wretchedness attend their steps ; and they have not known the way of happiness : there is no reverence for God before their eyes ! Now we know, that what revelation announces, it declares to those who are under revelation ; so that every mouth is silenced, and the whole world becomes amenable to God. Therefore, by obedience to the law, no human being will be accepted before him ; for by the law we come to the knowledge that we are sinners. But now, God's mode of acceptance without legal obedience, is re- vealed, being attested by the law and the prophets ; even God's plan of remission by faith in Jesus Christ, published to all, and conferred on all, who believe ; for there is no distinction, since all have sinned, and deprived themselves of that approbation which God bestows. All must then be forgiven freely by his grace, through the redemption ^hich Jesus Christ has wrought, whom God has publicly constituted as the means of conciliation, (by faith in his blood), to exhibit the righteousness he requires, for the forgiveness, through the divine lenity, of sins formerly committed ; and to display the righteousness required by him, at this present time ; so that he might exercise liis clemency, and pardon him, who believes in Jesus. Where then is boasting ? It is excluded. By what law ? That which demands perfect obedience ? No, but by the law which requi' is faith ; for we have come to the conclusion, that man is pardoned through faith, and not by legal obedience. Does God bestow favor on the Jews only, and not likewise on the Gentiles? Assuredly, on the Gentiles also: since it is the same God, who will acqiiit through faith those who are circumcised, and through faith those who are uncircumcised. Do we then annul the scripture by the doctrine of forgiveness through faith T Not at all : but, we establish the law. What advantage then has Abraham our natural ancestor 7 [Great]. Certainly, if Abraham were pardoned by works, he had a ground of exultation. But it is not so in the view of God. For what says the ficri'^turfi 1 Abrahani believed in God. iind it was ascribed to liiin for pardon. Now to him who performs what the law requires, the reward PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 241 is not regarded as a favor, but as an obligation; yet. to him who does not perform it, but confides in him that forgives the sinner, his faith is estimated for his acquittal. In the very same manner David describes the felicity of the man, to whom God attributes forgiveness without the works which the law requires. Happy, says he, are they whose transgressions are forgiven, and whose sins are covered. Happy is the man to whom the Lord does not ascribe iniquity. Is this happiness then, applicable only to the circumcised, or also to the uncircumcised? since we affirm that faith was considered to Abra- ham in reference to his acceptance. How was it thus considered? when he was in circumcision, or in uncrcumcision? Not after, but before circumcision ; for he received the symbol of circumcision, as a proof of the forgiveness through faith, which he obtained in an uncircumcised condition ; so that he micht become the father of all those who believe, though in a state of uncir- cumcision, and that pardon might also be extended to them ; and more- over that he might be the father of those who are circumcised, (I do not speak of mere external circumcision, but of those), who walk in the footsteps of our father Abraham, who believed while in an uncircumcised state. Now the promise was not made, on account of legal obedience, to Abraham and to his offspring, that he should possess the land, but in consequence of acceptance through faith. For if those only who obey the law, are proprietors, faith is rendered useless, and the promise abro- gated ; because the law inflicts punishment ; for where no law exists, there is no transgression. Therefore, the promise was made through faith, gratuitously, that it might be sure to all the posterity; not to those only who obey the law, [not to the Jews only], but also to those who imitate the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all, (answerinir to the scripture, I have truly constituted thee a father of numerous nations) ; in the presence of that God, in whom he believed, who gives life to the dead, and who speaks of those things, which do not exist, as It they actually existed. Abraham apparently devoid of hope, confidently trusted, that he should be the father of many nations, agreeably to the assurance. Thus shall be thy posterity. Further, being strong in the faith, he did not advert to his own body already imbecile, (as he was about a hundred years old) nor to the sterility of Sarah ; nor did he at all discredit the promise of God through distrust, but was fortified by faith, presenting pra.se to God ; indeed, he was folly convinced, that what he had pro- mised, he was able certainly to perform. And his faith was therefore ascribed to him for pardon. This was not however recorded, that with regard exclusivelv to him- sen, lailh was thus ascribed to him ; but in relation to us, to whom it 31 ^' ■sWiBWiSs/* 342 Al'OSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. will also be ascribed, if we confide in him that raised our Lord Jesus from the dead ; who was surrendered on account of our offences, and was raised to life for our forgiveness. Being therefore pardoned by faith, we have peace with God, through our Lord Jesus Christ ; and by trusting in him, have been introduced to the state of favor in which we stand, and exult in the prospect of that happiness which God bestowsi. And not only so, but we also triumph in afflictions ; knowing that affliction, produces patience ; and patience, approval ; and approval, hope; and hope will not disappoint us, because the love of God is diffused in our hearts by the Holy Spirit, which is imparted to us. For when we were yet weak, Christ, at an appropriate period, died for the iniquitous. Now scarcely would any one die for a strictly just man ; though, for an eminently beneficent man, some one, perhaps, might venture to die. But God has displayed his love towards us, in that, while we were in a state of sin, Christ died for us. How much more then, being pardoned by his blood, shall we be saved through him from punishment. For if, when we were in a state of enmity, we were recon- ciled to God by the death of his Son, how much more, after that we are reconciled, shall we be saved by his life ? And not only [do we rejoice in afflictions], but we also glory in God, through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now been reconciled. Moreover, as by one man sin entered the world, and death by sin ; and as death came upon all men, since all have sinned : [so by the obe- dience of one, all may be pardoned]. For till the Mosaic law was given, sin was in the world ; (though sin is not ascribed, where th^e is no law). Indeed, death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those who had not sinned after the manner in wliich Adam transgressed ; who possess a resemblance to him that was to come. Still, this is not such, as that the offence of the one can be compared with the beneficence of the other ; for if through the offence of one, many were subject to death, how much more shall the grace of God, and the gift, through the favor of one man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many. I say, again, that the one who sinned, cannot, in respect to the offence, be compared with him who exercised his beneficence ; for the sentence of condemnation had respect to one offence ; but beneficence procured pardon for many offences. For if, by the transgression of one man, death reigned through one offence, much more will those, who receive abundant grace and gratuitous forgiveness, reign in life through the one, even Jesus Christ. To proceed then ; as by the offence of one, all men incurred condem- nation ; so by the righteousness of one, all men attained to a life-giving remission. For if by the disobedience of one man, many became sin- ners, so by the obedience of one, many will become righteous. Now the Mosaic law interposed, so that offences abounded ; however, where sin abounded, irrace suneraboundcd : so that as sin reiirned bv PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. fU'i death, in like manner, grace, through Jesus Christ our Lord, must reign by pardon, to eternal life. What, therefore, shall we infer ? Shall we continue in sin, that divine favor may abound ? Let it not be; for how shall we, who are dead to sin, hve any longer in it ? Do you not know, that whoever of us have been baptized into Jesus Christ, have been baptized into his death? Therefore, we have been buried with him through baptism into his death ; so that, as Christ was raised from the dead by the power of the Father, in like manner ve also must lead a new life. For if we have been intimately united in the likeness of his death, we ought also to be in that of his restoration to life. We cannot but acknowledge, that our old man is crucified with him, that this sinful body may be deprived of Its power : so that we may no longer be enslaved to sin. For he who is dead [to sin], is emancipated from sin. Now, if we have died with Christ, we beheve that we shall also live with him : For -.ve know that Christ, being risen from the dead, dies no more ; death has no further power over him ; because, so far as respects his death, he died for sin once for all ; but so far as respects his life, he lives to God. Thus also, you should regard yourselves dead indeed to sin, but ahve to God with Jesus Christ our Lord. ' Let not sin reign, then, in your mortal body, so as to obey its inor- dinate desires; nor proffer your members to sin, as instruments of imquity; but present yourselves to God, as alive from the dead, and devote your members to God, as instruments of righteousness. For sin mu^not rule over you, though you are not under the law, but under I ask again ; Shall we then sin, because we are not under the law but under grace ? By no means. Do you not know, that to whom yoii give up yourselves as obedient servants, the servants of him you are whom you obey ; whether you are the servants of sin to your own destruction, or the servants of righteousness to your preservation ? But praise be to God, that though you were once the servants of sin, yet you have heartily conformed to the outline of doctrine in which you have been instructed. Having been freed also from sin, you have become the servants of righteousness. I speak in the common language of men on account of your weakness : and I add, that as you formerly devoted your members to impurity and iniquity, as their servants for committinir imquity; so you must now devote your members to righteousness as its servants, to perform that which is holy. For when you were the ser- vants of sin, you were not obedient to righteousness. What fruit then did you derive from those things of whici. you are now ashamed? Surely the result of those things is death. But now, having been libe- rattd from sin, you have become servants to God, — you have your fruit m respect to holiness, which, in the end, will indeed result in eternal life. I'or. the retriniifinii nf ain ia Aantu . u..4. a.u- '•--- • i\ ,. ^ , . i:ft. »i 1 t '^7 ." """ * ""' '"'^ '^''■'-' S»« or uoa u eternal iife, through Jesus Christ our Lord. 244 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Do you not know, brethren, (for I speak to those who have the know- ledge of the law), that the law controls a man only so long as he lives. For example, the married woman is bound by the law to her husband while he is alive ; but if the husband die, she is released from her con- jugal obligations. It follows then, that if she be married to another man, while her husband is living, she must be regarded as an adulteress : but if her husband be dead, she is liberated from her obligation to him ; so that she will not be an nduheress by marrying another hus- band. In like manner, you, my brethren, having ^come dead to the law through the death of Christ, are united to another, that is, to him who was raised from the dead, in order that we may produce fruits to the praise of God. For, when we were in the animal state, our sinful pas- sions, which were defined b> the law, powerfully operated, in our phy- sical constitutions, to produce fruits terminating in death. But now, since we have died [to sin], we have become free from the law by which we were bound ; so that we must perform our services to God, in a new, spiritual manner, and not in the old, literal one. What then shall we affirm ? that the law produces sin ? By no means. Yet, I should not have been acquainted with sin, except through the law : for I should not have even known violent passion to be sinful, if the law had not announced, Thou shalt not cherish it. Then sin, taking opportunity under thii commandment, effectually wrought in me every irregular desire : because, aside from the law, sin was powerless. For once, when without a knowledge of the law, I was alive ; but, when I was apprised of the commandment, sin became^ow- erful, and I died. Thus, the same commandment, which was given to acquire life, was found by me to end in death. For sin, taking advan- tage on account of the commandment, deceived me, and through it brought me into condemnation. Still, the law is assuredly holy ; and the commandment holy, and just, and good. Was then that which was good rendered fatal to me ? Not at all : but sin, that its true nature might appear, through that which in itself was good, destroyed me ; so that by the commandment, the exceeding malignity of sin became apparent. Moreover, we know that the law is spiritual, but I am sensual, a slave to sin. For I effectually perform that which I do not approve ; and practise not what I prefer. Indeed, even the very things which I hate, I commit. If, however, I do that which I disapprove, I concede that the law is good. Yet now, it is no longer I who practise this, but sin which dwells in me. I know truly that in me, that is, in my animal nature, no good resides. To will that which is excellent is certainly easy for me, but to achieve it I find diffi- cult. For I do not perform the good which I desire ; but I pursue the evil which I disapprove. If now, I do that which I disapprove, it is no longer I who accomplish it, but sin that dwells in me. I discover then this tendency, that when I am inclined to do good, evil is presented to PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 245 me. For, as to the conscience, I entirely concur with the law of God ; but I perceive another propensity in my system, violently contending against my intellectual principle, and reducing me as a captive to the agency of sin, which is in my constitution. Wretched man that I am ! Who shall preserve me from the deadly influence of this body 1 I thank Ood, who preserves me, through Jesus Christ our Lord. It follows then, that my internal man yields subjection to the law of God ; but my external man, to the dominion of sin. But now, there is no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus • since, the law of spiritual life through Jesus Christ, has emancipated us from the authority of sin and of death. For what the law could not accomplish, (since our animal desires rendered it inefficacious), God, sending Ins own Son in the likeness of that flesh whereby we had sinned accomplished; and on account of sin, he destroyed the power of sin in our flesh ; so that the obedience, which the law requires, might be ren- dered by us, who walk not according to the desires of the flesh, but of the Spirit. Now, those who hve in compliance with the flesh, relish the things of the flesh ; but those who Uve in conformity to the Spirit, the things of the Spirit. For the desires of the flesh lead to death ; but the desires of the Spirit to life and happiness : because the desires of the flesh are at enmity with God ; and are not subjected to his law, nor in- deed can they be. Therefore, they who live in a sensual state, cannot pleane God. However, you Jije not in a sensual, but in a spiritual state because the Spirit of ^wells in you. But if any one possess not the Spirit of Chnst, he is none of his. Now, if Christ dwell in you the body IS indeed dead as to sin ; but the Spirit ,s alive as to righte- ousness. But if the Spirit of him, who raised Jesus from the dead, dwell in you, he, who raised Christ from the dead, will also impart life to your bodies, which are dead, [on account of sin], by his Spirit which dwells in you. Therefore, brethren, we are no longer constrained by our sensual part, to live according to the flesh : for if you live according to the flesh, you must die ; but if, through the spiritual part, you put to death youi' sensual inclinations to do evil, you shall live. Now, as many of us, as are conducted by the Spirit of God, are the sons of God. For you have not received a servile spirit, that you should again be in fear ; but you have received the Spirit of a filial relation, by which we address God with the title of Father ! The same Spirit gives concurrent evidence to our minds that we are children of God. But if children, then we are heirs ; indeed, inheritors of God, and joint inheritors with Christ ; pro- vided, we so endure suffering with him, that we may be advanced to glory with him. Moreover, I regard the sufferings of our present state, as unworthy of comparison with the happiness, which is hereafter to be revealed to US. All rnnnbinrl r.»„^„- ;_j__ i . . . . --!--.-.nn „pp.ar, .imcxu, lo oe anxiously anticipating a dis- closure of [the glory] that awaits the children of God. (For men were 346 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. subject, not of their own choice, to a frail, dying state, but by him to whom all things arc subjected ; yet still, with the hope, that they who are thus made subject, may be liberated from the bondage of their pre- sent condition, so as to obtain the happy freedom of the children of God). We know truly, that all men huvc groaned under sorrow till the present time ; and not only so, but even we ourselves, who enjoy the invaluable gifts of the Spirit, we too groan within ourselves, waiting for the fruit of our filial relation, that is, redemption from our bodily state. It is by this hope then, that we are now sustained ; since a hope, which is realized, is no longer hope ; for what a man enjoys, how does he any longer hope for it 1 But if we hope for that which we do not yet possess, we wait for it with piiticnce. In like manner, also, the Spirit supports us against our infirmities; for when we are in doubt as to what we should pray for, this Spirit strongly intercedes "or us with aspirations, that cannot be expressed. But he, who explores the hearts, knows wJuU is the desire of this Spirit, when it thus intercedes with God, in behalf of the saints. We are also conscious, that all things co-operate for the good of those who love God, who are invited according to his benevolent pur])OBe. For those, whom he formerly acknowledged, he also before designed to be conformed to the representation n( his Son, that he might be the first-born among many brethren ; and those, whom he previously in- tended, he has also invited ; and thoi^jvhom he has invited, he has also pardoned ; and those, whom he hl^lpHoned, he has also advanced to glory. What shall we say, then, concerning these things ? Since God is for us, who can be against us ? He who did not spare his ov.n Son, but freely gave him up for all of us, why will he not, with the gift of him, even liberally bestow upon us nil things T Who will allege any thing againsi those whom God has chosen ? It is (iod who pardons ; who will condemn ? It is Christ who died [for us] ; I should rather sny, rose from the dead : it is he who sits at the right hand of God ; it is he who intercedes also for us ? Who will withdraw us from the love of Christ T Will affliction, or difficulty, or oppression, or famine, or nak- edness, or danger, or destructitm ? (The scripture applies ; For thy ■ake we are continually exposed to death ; we are rt- gcrded as sheep for the slaughter). Indeed, over all these things we more than conquer, through him who has loved us. For, I am persuaded, that neither death nor life, neither angels nor principalities, neither things present nor future, nor powers, neither height nor depth, nor any other created object, will be able to separate us from the love of God, which is bc- etoweil on us, through Chn a Jesus our Lord. Christ is my witness, that I speak the truth ; the Holy Spirit is my witness, and also my own conscience, that I do not utter falsehood, when I gay. that 1 liavc ffrnat sorrow and inccflsaiit niiguisb of heart, (lince I also wished myself separated from Christ), for my brethren, PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 347 my relatives according to the flesh ; who are Israelites ; to wliom be- longs the title of sons, and the divine glory, and the covenants, and the rites of service, and the promises, and the giving of the law ; whose are the patriarchs ; and from whom, Christ [proceeded] in reference to the flesh, who is over all, God perpetually praised. Amen. Now it is impossible, that the promise of God [respecting the poster- ity of Abraham] should be rendered void. For not all, who are lineal descendants of Israel, are true Israelites; neither are all the postj-ity of Abraham children of the promise ; for it is written. From Isaac all thy posterity descend ; that is, not the children, by natural descent, are the offspring of God : but the children of the promise are regarded aa the descendants. For this was the tenor of the promise. At such a time 1 will return, and Sarah shall have a son. And not only the case of Sarah, but that of Rebecca also, proves the same thing, who had children by one, and the same j.erson, namely, our father Isaac. For before the children were born, and when they had done neither good nor evil, that the purpose of God might be accom- plished, and this gratuitously, not as a claim, but by his chnce, it was announced to her, that tlie superior shall be subject to li.e inferior ; which accords with another passage, I have preferred Jacob to Esau. What shall we say then ? not, that there is injustice with God ! Far from it. Moreover, he declares to Moses, On whom I please I will bestow mercy; and to whom 1^ am disposed I will sh.w compassion. Conse(|uently, preference dep«Qda not on the will, or eager desires of men, but on the mercy of God. Further, the scripture says to Pharaoh, For tins particular cause I have preserved you, that I may display my power by you, and tliat my name niiy be promulgated through all the earth. It follows then, that he does show mercy on whom he inclines ; and whom he pleases he leaves to be hardened. You will, however, say to me. Why does he still find fault ? For who has resisted his will ? Rather, let me ask. Who are you, O man, that conflict with God ? Shall the thing made, say to the maker, why hast thou thus formed me ? Has not the potter power over the clay, to make, from the same mass, one vessel for an extraordinary use," and another for an ordinary one ? And if God, designing to exhibit his in- dignation against sin, and to make known iiis great power, has yet en- dured with much forbearance the vessels of displeasure tending to de- struction ; and if he makes known his abundant glory which he bestows on the vessels of mercy, who were previously prepared for glory ; [who can reply against him.] '• Such he has chosen us to be, who Iwlong not only to the Jews, but also to the Gentiles. Even as it is said in iloseo, I will call those my people, who were not my people ; and her beloved, who was not be- loved : and it shall occcur, that in the place when- it was .leclnred to M»^m, You are noi my people, there, they ihali bo denominated sons of the livmg God. ■jgiiiiim » 'I 348 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Isniah also exclaims respecting Israel, If the number of the children of Israel were as the sand of the sea, a residue only shall be preserved. For he will speedily accomphsh the object, with integrity ; indeed, the Lord will make a brief work in the land. And, as Isaiah has previously said, Unless the Lord of Hosts had left us a hneage, we should have be- come like Sodom, and been assimilated to Gomorrah. What shall we then infer ? it is this, — That the Gentiles, who sought not after that pardon which is through faith, have obtained that pardon which is through faith : but that Israel, who sought pardon by the law, have not attained to it. Why ? because they sought it not through faith, but by the works of the law : for they have struck against that stone of offence, acdording to the words of scripture ; Behold, I lay in Zion a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence ; and yet, none of those who confide in him, shall be confounded. Assuredly, Brethren, the disinterested desire of my heart, and my supplication before God, are in behalf of them, that they may be saved. For I testify to them, that they have a zeal for religion, though not an enhghtened one : since, they are ignorant of God's plan of forgiveness, and are endeavoring to establish their own ; and thus, have not submitted to the plan of forgiveness instituted by God ; though Christ answered the end of the law, for remission to every believer. Moses thus dehneates the acceptance, which is by the law, That the man who performs these things, shall live by them. But the language of acceptance through fuith is this. Say not in thy heart, who will ascend to heaven ? that is, to bring down Christ ; nor, who will descend to the world beneath ? that is, to bring up Chrifit from the deiul. But what docs it affirm T The duty is near thee, (even in thy mouth, and in thy heart), the very obligation of fuith, which we announce ; namely, that if with thy mouth thou wilt profess Jesus as the Lord, and in thy heart believe that God has raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved : since, with the heart faith exists to acceptance, and with the mouth jiro- fession is made t(» salvation. Thus the scripture asserts. None who trust in him will be disappointed. 1 may add, that there is no distinction between the Jew and the Greek; for all have the same Lord abounding in mercy towards all wh(» call u]iou him. For, whoever invokes the name of the Lord, he will be saved. But, how can they call on him, in whom they have not believed 7 and how can they believe in him, of wluun they have not heard ? and how vnn they hear, unless some one proclaim the pleasant message ] and how can men proclaim it, unle.^s they ore sent T Such are thus drscribrd ; How beautiful are the feet of the heralds of j>eate, who proclaim the joyful intelligence of good ihingK ! But I re- ply. All the hearers of the message have not obeyed ; f«ir Isaiah says, Lord, who has believed our proclamation ? Vou admit then, that report is renuisite to hi'linf? niiij that rp»nrt nnisl Ik) made by a proclamation of the word «»f t«od ? But granting IK PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 249 this, I answer, Has not report been made ? Yes, indeed. Their voice hap gone out to ail the earth, and their words to the bounds of the habit- able world. I say still further, does not Israel know this [abundant mercy of God] ? First, Moses declares, I will incite your jealousy by those who are a despised people ; and by a nation void of understanding I will exaspe- rate you. But Isaiah exhibits great confidence, and affirms, I was found by those, who did not seek me ; I was discovered by those, who did not inquire for me. Whereas, he remarks, respecting Israel, I have all the day extended my hands to a faithless and rebellious people. I ask then, has God rejected his own people ? By no means. For I myself am an Israelite ; of the race of Abraham, of the trib*e of Benja- min. God has not discarded his people, whom he so long acknowledg- ed. Do you not know what the scripture declares, in the history of Elijah ? how he thus pleads with God against Israel, Lord, they have destroyed thy prophets, and demolished thy altars ; and I am left .oli- tary, and they seek my life. But what does the divine answer disclose to hini ? I have reserved to myself seven thousand men, who have not bent a knee to Baal. And likewise, even at the present period, a part IS left, accor,hng to a favorable designation. But if by favour, then not from works ; else, this were no * jnger a favour. What follows then ? That Israel have not obtained that which they earnestly desired. The chosen, however, have obtained it, but the rest are blinded. It is thus written, God has left to them a spirit of deep slumber, -eyes, so that they do not see, and ears, so that they do not hear, even to this very day. And David has said. Their table will be- come a snare and a trap, and an offence, and a recompense to them, Ihe.r eyes w.ll be darkened, so as not to see ; and their backs will be perpetually bowed down. I ask then, have they stumbled to their ruin ? oercainly not. But «aIvnt,on to the Gon.iles has attende.l their defection, to excite them to emuhit.on. Now, ,f ,l.«ir f,.|| !,„« reference to the great advantage of the world, and the.r .lo.-ay, to the great accension of the Gentiles ; how much more, their fullness f Further. I address this to you the Gentiles ; or as I am truly an apostle of the (Jentile,. I respect my office) ; bo that, .1 poHHiole, I may awaken my countrymen to emulation, and may save some of them. ^ If. now. the rejection of then, be the reconciliation of the world, what will the restoration of them be. b„, lift, fron, the dead ? If the fir.t- fruit«, moreover, were consecrated, so will the mass be ; and if the root was consecrated, so will Lc tlic br.uuhes. in also, some of ,be branches were broken ofl'. and you. being a wild ohve were grafted into their place, an.l rendered „ joint partaker of "" "" "'•^•s'' yw« Bhouid Roa-t, yoMdo not austain tho root. as !!250 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. but the root sustains you. Will you then declare, The branches were broken off, that I might be grafted in ? Admitted; — yet, in conse- quence of unbelief, they were broken off; and you stand by faith ; be not elated then, but cautious. For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he, j)erhups, spare you. Behold, then, the kindness and the severity of '^od; in respect to those, indeed, who have fallen, severity ; but with regard to you, kind- ness, if you i)ersevere under his benignity : otherwise, you will also be discarded. And they, moreover, uidess they jiersist in their unbelief, shall be grafted in ; since God is able again to graft them in. For, if you were cut off from the olive, which is naturally wild, and have been grafted into a good olive, contrary to your nature ; how nuich more shall they, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive ? Moreover, I wish you, brethren, to understand this secret (lest you should indulge in self-conceit), namely, that blindness has fallen upon a part of Israel, till the multitude of the Gentiles shall accede. For then, all Israel will be saved ; even as it is written, A deliverer will proceed from Zion, and will avert iiii«iuity from Jacob. And this is my covenant with them, when I shall remove their sins. As to the gospel then, they are alienated in reference to yon ; but as to the divine choice, they are beloved, in consideration of the fathers : because, the free gifts and the invitation of God are not to be revoked. For as you were formerly unbelievers in respect to divine things, yet have now attained mercy during their unbelief; so also they are at pre- sent unbelievers, and in connexion with the mercy manifested to you, even they will obtain mercy. For (lod has collectively included all of them in unbelief, that he might compassioiuite all. profound and abundant wisdom and knowledge of God ! How im- searchable are his proceedings, and iiis ways not to be explored ! For who has known the mind of the Lor«l ? or who has given him counsel ? or, who has first imparted to him, so as to receive oidy an e«|uivalent in return ? For of him, and by him, and for him, are all things ; to him be glory f«)rever. Amen ! 1 entreat you, therefore, brethren, by tlie tender compassions of God, that you offer yourselves a living sacrifice, unblemished, delightful to God, which is your rational service. And be not conformed to this world ; but be transformed by the renovntiim of your minds, that you may studiously follow that which is good, and acceptable, and perfect, according to the will of (Jod. Moreover, by virtue of the office assigned ine, I charge every one among you, not to estimate himself more highly than he ought; but to think humbly, according to the degree of faith, vhieh God has dispens- ed to each. For, as we have many members >n one body, but all the members have not the same agency ; so we, being many, are one body in Christ, and individiinllv. members of the others. PAULS LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 351 Having, then, free gifts, different according to the favors imparted to us, if interpretation, let it be according to the proportion of faith; or spiritual service, let us attend to our ministration ; or him who teaches, to instruction ; or him who exhorts, to admonition. Let him who bestows, do it with disinterestedness ; him who presides, with assiduity; him who performs offices of mercy with alacrity. Let benevolence be sincere. Abhor that which is evil ; adhere to that which is good. With fraternal kindness be tenderly affectionate to each other ; as to honor, prefer one another. Be not negligent in duty ; be fervent in spirit ; serve the Lord ; rejoice in hope ; be patient in affliction ; perse- vere in prayer ; contribute to the necessities of Christians ; be devoted to hospitality. Bless those who persecute you ; bless, and curse not. Re- joice with those who rejoice, and weep with those who weep. Be united among yourselves. Regard not exalted objects, but accommodate your- selves to those that are lowly. Be not wise in your own opinion. Render to no one evil for evil. Diligently pursue what is lai dable in the sight of all men. If it be possible, to tlie extent of youv power, have peace witii all men. Beloved, never avenge yourselves, Out rather give place to displeasure ; since it is written. Retribution bekugs 10 me • I will make it, says the Lord. If therefore, thine enemy hunger, feed him ; if he thirst, give him drink ; for in so doing, you will heap coals of fire on his head. Be not overcome by evil ; but overcome evil with good. Let every individual be si-bject to the superior authorities ; for, there IS no authority except by divine permission ; and those which exist, are instituted under (iod. So he that resists the magistracy, opposes the institution of (Jod; and those who resist, will receive punishment for themselves. For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to evil ones ; ami wilt thou m.t stand in awe of the magistracy ? Do good, and you will liave praise for it ; since [the magistrate] is a servant of «od for your benefit. But if you do evil, fear ; for he bears the sword not in vain ; smce he is a servant of God, inflicting punisliment upon him that does evil. Therefore, we ought to yield subjection, not because of punish- ment, but also from regard to conscience. Moreover, in c<.nse(|(ience of this, you should also pay taxes; for they are servants of God, continunlly attending to this very object. Render therefore, to all their dues; taxes, to whom taxes arc due; tribute tJ whom tribute ; reverence, to whom reverence ; respect, to whc.ni respect Owe nothmg to any person, but mutual love ; for he who loves another ftilfils the law. For, the precepts, Tho.i shalt not commit adultery, thou Hhalt do no murder, thou shalt not steal, thou shah not covet, and every other command, are briefly compreheuded in this injunction, namely. Ihou Shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. L,.ve works no evil to our neighlMir ; love, then, is the accomplishment of the law. Anil iiiirtir>iiliirlir Tl... •! :_ i ii , . , . " r ^ ~ '' '<■'" '""■ '"""•-'•" j. cjintrmplaiiiig ihu tune, that the hour i« already come when wo ahou d awake from sleep ; for our «.iJv«. 353 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. i: '•1 - i tion is at present nearer, than when we first behoved. The night is far advanced, the day approaches ; let us therefore divest ourselves of the works of darkness, and be invested with the armor of light. Let us walk in a becoming manner as by day ; not in revellings and inebriated festivals, not in unchaste and immodest gratifications, not in contention and zealous altercation. But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, in reference to its excessive desires. Receive with kindness him that is weak in faith, not so as to increase his scrupulous surmisings. One, indeed, believes that he may eat every thing ; but he who is weak, eats herbs. Let not him who eats, despise him who eats not ; nor him who eats not, judge him who eats ; for God has accepted him. Who are you, that judge the servant of another ? to his own master he stands or falls. Indeed, ho will be sustained ; for God is able to sustain him. One man considers one day as superior to another : while another esteems every day alike. Let each one be fully convinced in his own mind. Ho who regards the day, regards it in reference to the Lord ; and he who regards not the dc^ , in reference to the Lord he does not regard it. He that eats, eats in reference to the Lord, for he gives thanks to God ; and he that eats not, in reference to the Lord he does not eat, nor give thanks to God. 1; ' no one of us lives to himself; and no one of us dies to himself; since, if we live, we live to the Lord ; and if we die, we die to the Lord : so that whether we live, or die, we are the Lord's. For Christ both died and revived for this very purpose, that he might have dominion over the dead and the living. But, why do you judge your brother ? or why do you despise your brother 1 since Me must all npjjear befiire the tribunal of Christ. For it is written. As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bend to me, and every tongue shall confess to God. Every one of us, therefore, must render an account of himself to God. Let us, then, no longer judge one another ; but rather, thus deter- mine, that no one place an obstacle, or an occasion of offence before a brother. 1 know, and have been convinced Sy the Lord Jesus, that nothing is in itself impure ; but if any man deem any thing to be im- pure, to him it is so. But if, t>n account of food, your brother be dis- quieted, you cease to walk according to love. Do not, by your food, destroy him for whom Christ died. Let not your good be reproached ; for, the influence (»f God does not concern meat and drink, but its fruits are righteousness, and peace, and holy, spiritual joy. Now, he who servos Christ, as to these things, is acceptable to God, ani approved by men. Consequently, let us pursue those things wliich promote peace, and th(»se, which tend to mutual improvement. Do not, for any kind of food, destroy the work of God. All kinds are indeed pure; but it is evil in that man, who eats so as to cause oflence. Be- nevolence demands, that you should n«'v»»r eat food, nor drink wine, nor do any thing else, by wluch your brot*.i.r may stumble, or be allured t.- PAULS LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 353 Bin, or become unhappy. You have conscious rectitude: maintain it with respect to yourself, in the presence of God. Happy is he who does not condemn himself, in that which ne permits. But he who wants integrity of purpose, is condemned if he eats, because he is not confident that it is right ; for whatever proceeds not from such con- fidence, is sinful. Now to him who is able to establish you, according to the good news which I proclaim, and the annunciation of Jesus Christ, agreeably to the revelation of the secret, concealed in ancient times, but now man- ifested, und by means of the prophetic scriptures, in conformity to the commandment of the eternal God, communicated to all the Gentiles for the promotion of obedience to the faith;— to the only wise God,' through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever. Amen ! Moreover, we who are strong, ought to bear the infirmities of the weak, and not to please ourselves. Let each one of us please his neigh- bor, in respect to that which is favorable to improvement. For Christ did not seek his own pleasure ; but according to that which is written. The censures of those who reproached thee have fallen upon me. [So it was with him]. Now whatever things were written in ancient times, were written for our instruction; that, through patience and the ad- monition of the scriptures, we might obtain hope. Now, may the God who gives patience and admonition, give you mutual unity of semiment, according to Christ Jesus ; that with one mind, and with one voice, you may praise God, even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ ! Therefore, deal kindly with each other, even as Christ has dealt kind- ly with us to the praise of God. Further, I affirm, that Jesus Christ became a minister of the circum- cision, on account of the trutli of God, in order to confirm the promises made to the fathers ; also that the Gentiles shall praise God for his mercy ; even as it is written. Therefore will I celebrate thy praise among the Gentiles, and to thy name will I sing. And it is further an- nounced. Rejoice, ye Gentiles, with his people; and again. Praise the Lord, all ye Gentiles ; and repeat his praise, all ye people. And more- over, Isaiah declares, There shall be a root of Jesse, and one shall arise to be a guide of the Gentiles ; upon him shall the Gentiles place their hopes. * Now may the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing • that you may abound in hope through the influence of the Holy Spirit.' Moreover, I myself am well persuaded concerning you, my brethren, that you are full of kindness, abounding in all knowledge, and able to admonish one another. I have also written to you the more boldly, brethren, when reminding you concerning some things, because of the grace which God has imparted to me, that I should be a servant of Jesus Christ tn tlin fiontiU !-p?!i=inf; as a priCst accei tnc gospci of lioU, that the oblation of the Gentiles might be acceptable, being purified by the ^^^i^^**ti^WS^..**£aife,. S54 Al'OSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Holy Spirit. I have, then, a subject of exultation in Christ Jesus, rel- ative, to the things of God ; for I will not presume to misrepresent what Christ has effected by me, to bring the Gentiles to obedience, by word and by deed, through the energy of signs and wonders, by the power of the Holy Spirit. So that from Jerusalem and around it, to Illyri- cum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ ; and so also, that I was strongly desirous to preach the gospel, not where Christ was nam- ed, lest I should build on another man's foundation, but in accordance with what is written. They shall see, to whom no declaration was made respecting him ; and they who have not heard, shall understand. On this account, I have been greatly hindered from coming to you. But now, having nothing more to accomphsh in these regions, and hav- ing had a great desire for many years to visit you ; whenever I may go to Spain, I hope, as I pass on, to see you, and to be sent by you on my way there, having first, in some degree, enjoyed your society. But at present I am going to Jerusalem, to supply the wants of the Christians. For it has pleased those of Macedonia and Achaia, to make some con- tribution for the poor among the Christians who are at Jerusalem. [I say] it has pleased them ; for indeed, iliey are their debtors ; because if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they ought surely to assist them in temporal things. Now when this duty shall have been performed, and this fruit scoured to them, 1 shall pass through the midst of you into Spain. And I know that when I come to you, I shall come with abundant blessings of the gospel of Christ. Further, I beseech you, brethren, by our Lord Jesus Christ, and by the love of the Spirit, that you strive jointly for me in your prayers to God in my behalf, that I may be delivered from the unbelievers in Judea ; and that my service for Jerusalem may be acceptable to the Christians ; also, that I may come to you with joy, (if God permit) and may be refreshed among you. Now may the God of peace be with you all. Amen ! Moreover, I recommend to you Phebe our sister, who is a servant of the church at Cenchrea ; that you may receive her as being in the Lord, in a nmnner worthy of Christians, and give her assistance in any thing where she may need it of you ; for she has been a patroness of many, and particularly of me. Salute Priscilla and Aquila, my co-operators in Christ Jesus ; (who exposed themselves to great danger in my behalf; to whom not only I myself am grateful, but even all the churches of the Gentiles ;) and salute the assembly of believers at their house. Salute Epenetus, my beloved friend, who is the first-fruit of Asia in Christ. Salute Mary, who labored much for us. Salute Andronicus and Junias my relatives, and fellow-priseiners, who are highly esteemed among the apostles, and who acknowledged Christ before me. Salute Amplias, my beloved friend in the Lord. Salute Urbaniis, our fellow-laborer in Christ, and Sta- chys, my beloved friend. Salute Apelles, the api)roved in Christ. Sal- Mte the family of Anstobulus. Salute Herodian, my relative. Salute IS' PAUL'S LETTER TO THE ROMANS. 355 those of the family of Narcissus, who are in the Lord. Salute Tryph- ena and Tryphosa, who labor in the Lord. Salute Percis the beloved, who labored much in the Lord. Salute Rufus, the chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine. Salute Asyncritus, Plilegon, Hermas, Pa- trobas, Hermes, and the brethren with them. Salute Philologus and Juhas, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the Christians with them. Salute each other with a sacred kiss. All the churches of Christ salute you. Moreover, I beseech you, brethren, to beware of those who cause di- visions and pernicious examples, contrary to the doctrine which you have learned ; and avoid them. For such serve not our Lord Jesus Christ, but their own appetite ; and by fair expressions and flattering addresses, beguile the minds of the simple. For your obedience is known to all. I rejoice therefore on your account : but I wish you to be wise with respect to that which is good, and simple in reference to evil. Now the God of peace will soon bruise the adversary under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen ! Timothy, my co-operator, and Lucius, and Jason, and Sosipater, my relatives, salute you. (I Tertius, the amanuensis of this letter, salute you in the Lord). Caius salutes you, who is my host, and that of the whole church. Erastus, the treasurer of the city, salutes you ; and Quartus, a brother, salutes you. The favor of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen ! p ^miMii: THE FIRST LETTER OF PAUL TO THE CORINTBCAN^. Paul, constituted an apostle of Jesus Clirist, by the will of God, and Sosthenes the brother, to the churuh of God, which is at Corinth, to those who have been purified in Christ Jesus, invited to be Christians, with all that in every place invoke the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, even their and our Lord ; grace be to you, and peace, from Ood our Father, and from the Lord Jesus Christ. I give thanks to my God always concerning you, for the favor of God which is imparted to you, through Jesus Christ ; that in every thing you are enriched by him in all doctrine, and all knowledge : even as the tes- timony of Christ was confirmed among you : so that you are subordin- ate in no gift : awaiting the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ, who will also establish you irreproachable to the end, even in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. God is faithful, by whom you were summoned to a participation of his Son Jesus Christ our Lord. Moreover, I solicit you, brethren, through the name of our Lord JNlsus Christ, that you all speak the same thing, and that there be no divisions among you ; but that you be perfectly united in the same mind, and in the same sentiment. For it has been declared to me concerning you, my brethren, by those who are of the family of Chloe, tuat there are contentions among you. And I mention this, — that each one of you affirms, I, indeed, am for Paul ; and I, for Apollos ; and I, for Peter ; and I, for Christ. Is Christ divided ? was Paul crucified for you ? or were you baptized into the name of Paul ? I give thanks to God, that I baptized none of you, except Crispus and Caius ; so that no one can assert, that I have baptized into my own name. However, I also bap- tized the family of Stephanas : besides, I am not aware, that I baptized any other. For Christ sent me not so much to baptize, as to preach the gospel ; not in the wisdom of doctrine, lest the cross of Christ should be rendered ineffectual. For the instruction of the cross is to those wlio perish, foolishness; but to those of us who are saved, it is the power .if God. For it is written, I will destroy the sagacity of the wise, and ill subvert the knowledge of the learned. Where is the wise 7 where is the learned ? where is the subtile disputer of this world J has not God declared their wisdom to be foolishness ? For since, in the wi^jdoni re- specting God, the world by its wisdom knew not God, it pleased God, by the folly of preaching, to save those who believe. For the Jews re- quire signs, and the Greeks search for wisdom : but we proclaim Christ crucified ; to the Jews, indeed, an offence, and to the Gentiles foolish- ness ; but to those who are invited, both Jews and Greeks, Christ, the PAULS FIRST LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. 257 power Of God, and the wisdom of God. Because, the [supposed] folly of God 18 wiser than men; and the [supposed] weakness of God is stronger than men. Behold, therefore, your invitation, brethren, tliat not many wise men according to the flesh, not many powerful, not many illustrious, invite you : but God has selected the foolish of the world, that he may shame the wise ; and God has chosen the feeble of the world, that he may shame the powerful ; and the degraded of the world, and those who are despised, has God designated, and those who are dead, that he may bring to nothing those who are alive; so that no individual can glory before God. And by him are you in Christ Jesus, who is become to us wisdom from (iod, and pardon, and purification, and redemption : so that, as It is written, Let him who exults, exult in the Lord. Now I, brethren, when I arrived among you, came not with loftiness ot speech, or of wisdom, declaring to you the testimony of God. For I determined to proclaim notlung among you, but Jesus Christ, even that crucified person. And I was with you in weakness, and in fear and in much trembling. And my doctrine, and my preaching, were noJ with persuasive words of human wisdom, but in manifestation of the Spirit, and of power : that your faith might not rest in the wisdom of men, but in tlie power of God. However, we announce wisdom among those who are perfect* yeu not the wisdom of this world, nor of the rulers of this world, who a# reduced to nothing : but we proclaim the M-isdom of God in a new doctrine, the concealed wisdom, which God previously designed, prior to the ages, for our glory; which none of the rulers of this world knew for had they known it, they would not have crucified tlie Lord of Glory' For, we announce, as it is written, Things whicl, eye has not seen, nor ear heard, nor the heart of man comprehended, God has prepared for those who love him. But God has revealed them to us by his Spirit- for the Spirit explores all things, even the depths of God. For who' knows the things of a man, except the spirit of a man that is in him ^ 1 bus also, no one knows the things of God, but the Spirit of God. Now Nve have not received the spirit of the world, but the Spirit which is from God; that we may know the things which are freely given to us by God- which we also communicate, not in words taught by human wisdom, but in those dictated by the Holy Spirit ; explaining spiritual things to spiritual persons. Now, .e animal man does not receive the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness to him ; nor can he know them, because they are spiritually examined. But the spiritual man examines, indeed, all things ; yet he is examined by no one. For who has known the mind of the Lord, that he should" teach it? But we have the mmd of Christ. Moreover, brethren, I could not speak to you as to spiritual, but as to ■ ' ' ''""• ^= ^" "»'"^« I" ^MM. I fed you with milk, not with meat : for you were not then able, nor indeed, are you even now able 33 258 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. to receive it ; since you are still sensual : for wherens, envy, strife, and dissensions, exist among you, are you not sensual, and do you not con- duct in a sensual manner ? For when one says, I indeed, am for Paul, and another, I am for ApoUos, are you not sensual 7 Who then is Paul, and who is Apollos 7 Ministers, by whose means you believed, even as the Lord has imparted to each ? I planted, Apol- los watered ; but God produces the growth : so that neither is he who plants any thing, nor he who waters ; but God who causes the product. However, he that plants, and he that waters, are one ; and each will receive his proper reward, according to liis respective labor. There- fore, we are co-operotors with God : you are God's field, God's edifice. According to the grace of God, which was given to me, as a skilful architect, I have laid the foundation, and another builds on it. But let every one take care how he superstructs : for no one can lay any other foundation, except what is laid, which is Jesus Christ. Now, if any one erect on this basis — gold, silver, and valuable stones; or wood, grass, and stubble ; the work of each will be exhibited : for the crisis will proclaim it, because it will be disclosed by fire ; and thus, the fire will prove every one's work, of what description it is. If the super- structure of any one remain, he will receive a reward. If any one's work be burned, he will sustain a loss : yet, he will personally be pre- «rve^t; but even, as through fire. Do you not know, that you are the inple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwells among you ? If any one destroy the temple of God, God will destroy him : for the temple of God is consecrated ; and you are this temple. Let no one deceive himself. If any one among you affect to be wise in this age, let him become simple, that he may be wise. For, the wisdom of this world is folly with God: ns the scripture declares, He detects the wise in their own fallacy. And further. The Lord knows the reasonings of the wise, that they are vain. Let no one therefore boast in men : since, all things are yours ; whether Paul, or Apollos, or Peter, whether the world, or life, or death, or present, or future objects ; all are yours : and you are of Christ ; and Christ is of God. Accordingly, let a man regard us, as servants only of Christ, and dispensers of the secret purposes of God. And moreover, it is required in stewards, that every one be found faith- ful. Therefore, with me it is the most subordinate consideration, that I should be condemned by you, or by human inquisition ; because, I do not even condemn myself; for I am not personally conscious of guilt ; however, I am not by this exculpated ; but he that condemns me is the Lord. Consequently, pass no premature judgment, till the Lord come, who will actually bring to light the hidden things of darkness, and un- veil the intentions of the hearts ; and then, every one will have praise from God. Now, these things, brethren, I hove figuratively appropriated to myself and Apollos, on your account ; that by us you may learn, not to esti- mate any teacher above what is written ; that no person may be inflated PAULS FIRST LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. in behalf of one against another. Besides, who makes thee distinguish- ed ? For what hast tliou, which thou didst not receive ? and further, if thou hast received it, why dost thou boast, as not receiving it ? You are already satiated, you are already enriched, you have reigned with- out us : and I wish, indeed, you had reigned properly, that we might also reign with you. For I think that God has exhibited us, the apos- ties, ultimately, as devoted to death ; that we are made a spectacle to the world, even to angels, and to men. We are simple in behalf of Christ, but you are wise in Christ ; we are feeble, but you are powerful ; you are honorable, but we are disgraced. Even to this present hour,' we both hunger and thirst, and are naked, and are beaten, and have no definite abode ; and labor, working with our own hands. When reviled, we bless ; when persecuted, we endure it ; when calumniated, we expos^ tulate : we are represented as the vilest of the world, as the refuse of all things, to this day. I do not write these things to shame you ; bii' as my beloved chil- dren, I instruct you. For though, you have myriads of conductors in Christ, yet, you have not many fathers ; since, I produced you in Christ Jesus, through the gospel. I therefore exhort you, that you become imitators of me. For this reason, I have sent to you Timothy, who is my dear and faithful son in the Lord, who will remind you of my ways, which are in Christ, even as I universally teach in every church. How- ever, some are inflated, as if I would not come to you. Bul**^ 10I quickly come to you, if the Lord permit ; and I will know, not the speech of those who are inflated, but the power. For the dominion of God is not in word, but in power. What do you wish ? that J should come to you in chastisement ? or in love, and in the cpirit of meekness? Impurity is certainly heard of among you, and such impurity as is not even among the pagans, that one should have his father's wife. And arc you elated ! but should you not rather have lamented ? so that he who has committed this offence, might be removed from the midst of you. Therefore, I indeed, as absent in body, but present in spirit, have already judged, as if present, him who has thus conducted ; that you, being assembled in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of my Spirit, shall, with the power of our Lord Jesus Christ, deliver such an one to the adversary, for the destruction of the flesh, that the Spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus. Your exultation is improper. Do you not know, that a little leaven ferments the whole mass ? Remove entirely the old leaven, that you may become a new mass, when you are unleavened : for even our pass- over, Christ, was slain for us. Let us then keep the festival, not with the old leaven, nor with the leaven of irmlignity and mischief; but with the unleavened qualities of sincerity and truth. I have written to you in this letter, not to associate whh in.-ontinent persons: however, not universally with the incontinent of this world, nr with the avaricious, or rapacious, or idolatrous ; since then, you must sou AI'OSTOLU* I'UODUCTIONS. m-M 11 absolutely tlopart from tho world. Hut now, I write to you, not (o nssociutc witii any onr, wlio is cnlled u brother, if he be an impure, or a covettnis per8o:i, or an idolater, or a revilcr, or a drunkard, or an oppressor ; indeed, not even to eat with sueh an one. Does it belonjif to me to judf^e those that ire without ? By no ineauh. Should not yt know, tliat we judge angels ? why not then, thing.; which relate to this life ? When, therefore, you have, indeed, secular seats of adjudication, do you place those to determine, who are unauthori/cd by tlie church ? I speak to your disgrace. Is it thus, that there is not oiu> enlightened man among you ? not even one, who can decide the cause of his breth- ren 1 but brother litigates with brother, and that, before unbelievers ! Certainly, however, it is an entire defect annmg you, that you go to law with each other. Why do you not rather endure injury ? why would you not rather be defrauded ? Hut you injnrt! and defraud, even your brethriMi. What, do yon not know, that the injurious will not inherit the kujgdom of God ? Be .lot deceived; neither fornicators, nor idola- ters, n(U" ailulterers, nor impure abusers of themselves and of others, nor thieves, nor misers, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, will inherit the kingdom of (Jod. And such were some of you: but you are washed, but you are puritied, but you are ])ardoned, it) the name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our (lod. All things are lawful for n>o, but all are not proper ; all things are lawful for le, but I will not be brought uiuler the dominion of any. Aliments are for the appetite, ami the a|)petite is for aliments; yet God >\ill destroy both it and them. Now tlie body was not made for sensu- ality, but for the Lord ; and the Lord for the body. And as (lod raised up the Lord, so he will raise up us by his own power. Are you not conscious, that your bodies ar«' the nu'ndters of Christ I Shall 1 then take the nu'inbers of Christ, nnvf;ry man have liis excl her ex( •hliffjit usivc wife, and let every lusive husband. Let the husband InHil to the wife tl lANS. woman 'Ml havt .-le eonjugal •on ; and m like manner also, the wile to the hu.sband. The wife has not e.mtrol over her own person, hut the husband ; and even the husband, hkcw.se has not control over his own person, but the wife. Ket.re not fron. each other ; unless perhaps, by mutual consent for a tune, that you may devote y.-urseives to prayer, and n.ay reunite; lest the adversary seduce you throujrh your incontinence. IJut I communi- cate this as a.lvice, and not as an injunction, that I wish all men were even as myself, liow.ver, every one has his appro]»riate ffift fron. (iod • one, indeed, of this desciption, and a..other of that. Now I say to the widow..rs and to the widows. It is ^rood for them if they co.,ti.,..e even »« 1 .h.. Hut .f they cannot forbear, let then, .narry ; for it is better t<. n.a.-ry, than to he discontented. A..d thos.; who have n.arri.d I com- mand, yet not I, but the Lord, th,.t a wife nn.st not scpa.ate fro,., her ...shand : but even if she be separated, let her lemain ....married, or bec<,.ne reconciled to her husba.i.l ; a.,d that a husba..d ...ust ..ot discard hi3 wife. But the rest I con.mand, not the Lord, If a..v bi-other I -v i wife who 18 an unbeliever, and she consent to live with him, let hi... not .hsm.ss he.-. A..d if any wo..,a.. have ,. husband who is a,. ....believer, an.l he choose to dwell with her, let her n..t aband.n. hi.n. For the '«>.bel,ev...^r h.,sb,.nd is c.n.secrated to the I. Jicvi.,jr wife, «,.d the ..nbe- hev.n^r wife is consecrated to the husba.id : oth.rwise, your nc Lord Jesus Christ, by wluim are all things, and wo through him. However, all have n«»t this knowledge : btit some, with a. consciousness of the idol, to this p(!riod eat food as a thing oflV-red to an idol ; an«l their conscience, being weak, is |iolluted. But food (Iocs not recuinuiend ua to (iod : for neither do we abound, if wc eat ; nor are we deficient, if we eat not. But beware, lest by any mcnns this right, which you claim, liecomr a perniciouH example to the weak. For if any one behold you, who have knowledge, placed at tabic in ttii idol's temple, will not tho cuuiciencc of iuiii that is weak, bo cncour- f if PAUL'S FIRST LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. 263 aged to eat tl.ings offered to idols ? And shall the weak brother, for whom Chnst died, perish through your knowledge ? But when you thus transgress against the brethren, and wound their scrupulous con- science, you sin against Christ. Therefore, if food ensnare my brother, 1 will never eat flesh, lest I should cause my brother to sin. Am I not free ? am I not an apostle ? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord ? are you not my work in the Lord 1 If I am not an apostle to others, yet doubtless, I am to you : for you are the seal of my apos- tleship in the Lord. My defence, to those who condemn me, is this • Have we not a right to eat and to drink ? Have we not a right to take about with us a Christian wife, as well as the other apostles, and the brethren of the Lord, and Peter ? Or have I only, and Barnabas, no right to forbear labor ? Who ever serves in war at his own expense ^ who plants a vineyard, and does not cat of it. fruit ? or who feeds a flock, and docs not partake of the inilk of the flock ? Do I assert these things only on human authority ^ or does not the law, also, declare the same For it ,s written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox, while treading out the grain. Does God take .nre for the oxen alone ? Or does he, in its full purpose, declare it on our account? Undoubtedly, it was written on our account; for he who ploughs, and he who thrashes, ought to do so in the hope of sharing the grain. If we have sown in y<,u spiritual things, is it a great aciiuisition, If we reap your secular things ? If others partake of this right over you, ought not we rather 1 However, we have not availed ourselves of this right ; but we endure all things, lest we should occ.sion any im- pediment to the gospe: of Christ. Do you not know, that those who are employed in .acred offices, subsist from the temple ? And that those who attend at the altar, are partal.ers with the altar. Thus also the Lord has appointed to those who preach the gospel, that thev sh..uld live ny the g<,spcl. But 1 have used none of these things ; nor have 1 thus written, that it should be so 4 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. tlu! werklv I hccnme ns weak, tliat I mifjlit fjiiin the weak. I became all tliiiijrs to all men, that I miv our admoni- tion, on whom the ends of the a^es are come. Therefore, let him who trusts that he stands, beware lest be fall. No temptation lins assail- ed you, except surive thanks, is it not a participation of the blood of Christ ? The loaf which we break, is it not a participation s. partakers with the altar ? What then do I allirm ? that un idid is any thin^ f or that what is otVered to idols is any tiling f No; hut that what the pajrans olFer, they olfer to demons, and not to (iod- Now, ' w«Hild not that you should become partakers with d<-monfl. You camiot drink the cup of the iiord, and the cup of demons : you cannot partake of the Lord's table, (^id the table of demons. Do we provoke the Lord to jealousy ? are we more powerful limn he ? PAULS FIRST LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. m All things are lawful, but all are not expedient; all things are law- fal for me but all do not improve. Let no one seek his own good only, but that of another also. Whatever is sold in the shambles, eat. mak' mg no inquiry on account of conscience. For, the earth is the Lord's, and all that is in it. And if any of those who disbelieve, invite you, and you are disposed to go ; eat whatever is placed before you, askinir no question through conscience. But if any one say to you, This is a thing sacrificed to an idol, do not eat, as well from regard to him who informed you, as to conscience. However, I do not intend your own conscience, but that of the other. Yet. why is my liberty determined by the_ conscience of another T Besides, if I partake, with thanksgiv- ing, w .y am I reproached on account of that for which I give thanks ? Therefore, whether you eat, or whether you drink, or whatever you do Jews, or to the Greeks, or to the church of God : even as I also please all men m al things ; not so.king my own interest only, but that of the Tf Christ ^^ ™'^ ""'• ^" ™"''''" °^ '"«' ''-'^ «« I -'- -^ Now I commend you, brethren, because you remember me in all things, and obey the directions, even as I committed them to you. Bu I wish you to know, that the head of every man is Christ ; and that the h«ad of the woman is the man ; and that the head of Christ is God. hrLT\'T"'^ "' -"tructing, having his head covered, dishonors his head And every woman who prays or instructs, with her head un- overed. dishonoi her head: for it is precisely the «„,„« with be i^ shorn. Therefore, it a woman be unveiled, she might . well be shorn • bu since It IS disgraceful, that a woman should be shorn, or shaven, let' her be veiled. Now a man. indeed, ought not to cover lu« head, s nee he the representation and glory of God : but the woman is the glory of the man. Besides, the man does not proceed from the woman Z the woman from the man : and moreover, the man was not Xed Zr the woman ; but the won.an for the man. (0„ this account, the woman z:Zl Vef :;'"' ""' ^''•"'' '- '-'''' ^" -"-nuence'of tirz "engers ) Ye . the man ,s not independent of the woman, nor the wo- man mdependent of the man, i„ the Lord. Further, as the ^oln ^ from God. Judge among yourselves, is it becoming, that a wom„„ hould pray to God. unveiled T Does not even nature trsolf L7Z wonu n *ha"s7 'f '" '""^ ''""' " " « '''^'''^^ «" '-" ' «" - « nsfead of a ve.I. Uo..y.r. .f any one re a. to be contemiou- we have no such custom, nor fuv i^hurches of Ci,. ,, Moreover, I do n..t prP .., y , «rhen I declare this ; that you assemble ■ "«ii.i:, X near tnt«i Uiirc are divisions among you ; 34 '^■-.* SKK3 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. i^ and I partly believe it : since, there must even be factions among you ; that those who are appioved, may be manifested among you. When therefore, you convene in one place, it is not to eat the Lord's supper. For every one who eats, previously takes his own supper, and one, in- deed, is hungry, and another is satisfied. What, have you not houses in which to eat and to drink 1 or do you pervert the church of God, and disparage those who are poor ? What shall I say to you ? shall I praise you for this 1 I do not praise you. For I received from the Lord, what I also communicated to you, that the Lord Jesus, on the night in which he was surrendered, took bread ; and having given thanks, he broke it, and said. Take, eat ; this is my body, which is broken for you ; do this in commemoration of me. In a similar manner, he took the cup also, when he had supped, saying. This cup is the new covenant in my blood ; do this, as often as you drink it, in commemoration of me. Therefore, as frequently as you cat this bread, and drink this cup, you symbolize the Lord's death, till he come. Thus then, whoever shall eat the bread, and drink the cup of the Lord, unworthily, profanes the body and blood of tlie Lord. But let a man scrutinize himself, and then, let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup. For he who eats and drinks, in an unworthy man- ner, eats and drinks correction to himself, not distinguishing the Lord's body. For this cause, many among you are sick and infirm, and a con- siderable number have died. But, if we would search ourselves, we should not be disapproved. However, when we arc tried by the Lord, we are corrected, that we may not be condemned with the world. Therefore, my brethren, when you assemble to eat, cordially receive each other. If any one hunger, let him eat at home ; that you may not assemble to be chastened. Now what remains, I will regulate when I arrive. Moreover, concerning spiritual persons, brethren, I would not have you ignorant. You know that you were pagans, hurried away after dumb idols, even as you happened to be led. I therefore apprise you, that no one, speaking by the Spirit of God, pronounces Jesus execrated; and that no one can uflSrni, that Jesus is the Lord, excej)t by the Holy Spirit. Now, there are diversities of gracious endowments, but tlic same Spirit. And there are diversities of ministrations, but the same Lord. And there are diversities of operations, but the same God who works all things among all. But the manifestation of the Spirit is imparted tc every one for the general benefit. Further, to one, indeed, through the Spirit, is given the doctrine of wisdom ; and to another, the doctrine of knowledge, according to the same Spirit ; and to another, faith by the same Spirit ; and to another, the giftw of healing by the same Spirit ; and to another, miraoulous pi»wers ; and to another, prophecy ; and to jiiintlifr. th<> r' -- -eivedZ;. .a. buried, and- that he i^^ ;:sr;:ii^::r r ^ dL;t r^;:! 270 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. TiS ^Ui I ► s ; I mity to the scriptures ; and that he was seen by Peter, and then by the twelve. Afterwards, he was seen by more than five hundred brethren at once ; of whom the greater part remain to this time, but some have deceased. Subsequently, he was seen by James ; and then, by all the apostles. And ultimately, he was also seen by me, as by one unseason- ably produced. For I am the least of the apostles, who am not worthy to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. But by the favor of God I am what I am ; and his favor which was imparted to me, was not in vain ; for I have labored more abundantly than all of them ; yet not I, but the favor of God which is with me. Therefore, whether I or they preach, we thus preach, and you have thus believed. Since then, the resurrection of Christ from the dead, is thus proclaim- ed, how can some among you assert, that there is no future state of the dead. For, if there is no future existence of the dead, Christ has not been raised : and if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is ab- solutely false, and your faith is also false. Moreover, we are even false witnesses concerning God ; because we have testified in relation to God, that he raised Christ ; whom he raised not, if, in fact, the dead are not raised. And if the dead are not raised, Christ has not been raised. Further, if Christ has not been raised, your belief is useless ; you are still in your sins. Certainly also, those who are fallen asleep for Christ, are lost : and we, if our hope in Christ, must be limited to this life, are of all men the most miserable. But indeed, Christ is raised from the dead, tho first-fruit of those who have fallen asleep. For, since through a man came death, through a man comes also the future life of the dead. Therefore, as by Adam all die, even so by Christ all will be ma^e alive. But every one in his appropriate class ; Christ the first-fruit ; afterwards, those who are Christ's at his coming. (The end Avill then arrive, when Christ will surrender the kingdom to God, even the Father ; after God will have abolished all dominion, and all authority, and power : since Christ will reign, till God has put nil the enemies under his feet. The last enemy, even death, will be destroyed : for God has put all things under his feet. But it is evident, when the scripture declares. All things are subjected, that it is with the exception of God, who has subjected all things to Christ. Now, even the Son himself, when all things shall be subdued to him, will also submit to God, who subjected all things to him, that God may universally rule.) Otherwise, what advantage will they derive, who receive a deadly baptism, if the dead arc not raised at all 1 Why indeed are they thus fatally baptized ? And why are we exposed to danger every hour 1 Shall I deprecate our triumphant confidence, which I share in Christ Jesus our Lord, and through which I daily die 1 If, to speak according to the practice of men, I have fought with wild beasts at Ephesus, what does it avail me 1 If the dead rise not, let us eat and drink ; for to- morrow we die. Be not deceived: vicious intercourse contaminates PAULS FIRST LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. 271 good morals. Awake, as you ought to do, and sin not ; for some of you are ignorant of God ; I allege this to your disgrace. But, some one will say, How can the dead be raised ? and with what kind of body do they come ? Inconsiderate man, that which you sow IS not brought to life, unless it die ! And as to what you sow, the body, which It will assume, is not sown, but a single grain ; perhaps of wheat, or of some of the other kinds. But God gives it a body, as it has pleas- ed him, and to each of the seeds its peculiar body. All riesh is not the same flesh : but the flesh of men, and of beasts, of birds, and of fishes, actually differ from each other. There are also celestial bodies, and terrestrial bodies : but the glory of the celestial, and that of the terres- trial, are indeed diff-erent. There is one splendor of the sun, and ano- ther splendor of the moon, and another splendor of the stars ; moreover star transcends star in eflnlgence. Therefore, even the future existence of the dead ,s probable. The body is buried in decay, it is raised un- decaymg ; it is buried in Immihation, it is raised m glory ; it is buried in weakness, It is raised in power ; it is buried a physical body, it is raised a spiritual body. There is an animal body, and there is a spirit- ual body. And thus it is written. The first man, Adam, became a Uving body; but the last Adam is a reanimating spirit. The spiritual, how- ever, was not first, but the natural; and then the spiritual. The first man from the earth, was terrestrial; the second man, from heaven, is celestial. As is the earthly, such will they also be, that are earthly ; and as IS the heavenly, such will they also be, that are heavenly. And as we have sustained the representation of the earthly body, we shall also sustain the representation of the heavenly one. Besides, this I declare, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit he kingdom of God; nor can decay become, by inheritance, undecay- de but all of us will be changed, in a moment, in the glance of an eye, at the last trumpet ; for it will sound, and then the dead will be raised imperishable, and we shall be changed. For tliis perishable must be rendered imperishable and this mortal be clothed with immortahty. Now when this perishable shall have become imperishable, and tWs mortal shall have been invested with immortahty, then the declaration of scripture will be accomplished. Death is overwhelmed forever- Where 18 thy sting, O death ! where, thy victory, O hades ! For the sting of death ,s sin ; and the '■»» ^ ^ 'V!V /A ^- V .. ''^M Photograpbc Sciences Corporation 13 WIST MAIN STRUT WMSTM.NY. M5M (716)175.4503 hAfl Ir ttf PAUL'S SECOND LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. 275 by all men : since you are plainly declared to be the letter of Christ commumcated by us; not written with ink, but by the Spirit of he hvjng God ; not on tables of stone, but on the fleshly tables of the heart. Moreover, through Christ, we have such confidence towards God. Not that we are qualified by ourselves, to investigate any thing as from ourselves ; but our qualification is from God ; who has^ven're'dlre" us appropriate dispensers of a new covenant ; not of the letter, but of he spirit. Now the letter kills, but the spirit gives life. Be ides "f so that the children of Israel could not steadfastly behold the face of waTto be'ab rt/^'r'" °' ''^ countenance f w.uch dispense ion was to be abolished ; how much more shall the dispensation of the Spuit be Illustrious , And. if the ministry of condemnation be honor h.T.f ..T\^?' '^' "'""^'^ ""^ P«'^°" «"^P«- i" honor. And therefore, that which was glorified, was not highly distinguished in this respect ; by reason of the glory which exceeds it! Further, if tie one IS annulled by glory, how much more must the other remain in glory an^Tr^nlt Tl m"''* ' persuasion, we use great freedom of address ; and are not Idee Moses, who put a veil over his face, that the children K ]Tl ™'l * ""* ^"'"'^^ '"'''' *« '^' «"«* «f that which was to be abohshed Now their minds were b.l.leJ; for to this day the same vc. remains in the reading of the old ..venant; it not being discovered! that It IS removed through Christ. Moreover, when Moses is read the veil IS over their heart, even to this period. Yet. when their heart hall turn o the Lord, the veil will be taken away. Indeed, the Lord s the Spirit ; and where ^.e Spirit of the Lord is, there, is freedom. For we all, with an unveiled face, reflecting, as a mirror, the glory of the Lord are transformed into the same representation, from glory to glory as from the Lord of the Spirit. e J' '" g'ory, as Therefore, having this ministry, even as we have received mercv we do not falter. We have also banished the secret, disgracefiil p rcU;r not walkmg in subtilty, or perverting the word of Go J; but, by the ex hilmion of the truth, recommending ourselves to every man's conscence to those who ruin themselves ; by whom the god of this worid has blind- ed the minds of the unb-Hevers. so that the lustre of the glorious go pel of Chnst, who IS the representation of God, does not enlighte^them Now we proclaim not ourselves, but Christ Jesus as Lord ; and ourselve as your servants, on account of Jesus. For God. who commanded the ght to shine from darkness, has shone into our hearts, to impart to you the radmnce of his glorious knowledge, in the face of Jesus Christ But we possess this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellence of the power might be ascribed to God. and not to us. We arc greathl pressed, but not with iusuperablo difliculty ; confounded, but «,* with entire suspense ; pursued, but not outstripped ; thrown down, but not ewtroyeu ; uiways carr^iog «buut in the body, the dying of Jesus, that mum Hi 376 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. im the life of Jesus may also be manifested in our body. For we, who are alive, are continually exposed to death in the cause of Jesus ; that the life of Jesus may also be displayed in our mortal nature. Thus then, death operates strongly in us, but life in you. Yet, having the same spirit of faith, according to what is written, I believed, and therefore I have spoken ; we also believe, and therefore speak ; knowing that he who raised the Lord Jesus, will raise us also through Jesus, who will present us jointly with you. For all our sufferings are on your ac- count, that the accumulated benefit might overflow, by the thanksgiving of many, to the glory of God. For which reason, we faint not ; but, even though our external man is wasted, yet, the internal man is renewed day by day. Besides, this momentary lightness of our affliction is working for us a vastly exceed- ing, everlasting weight of glory ; while we aim not at the things which are visible, but at those which are invisible ; for the things which are visible are temporal ; but those which are invisible are eternal. Since we know, that when this tent of our earthly residence is destroyed, we have a structure from God, an edifice not made by hands, eternal in the heavens. But yet, in this tent we groan, ardently desiring permanently to occupy our heavenly habitation. And surely, if we occupy it, we shall not be found destitute. As I intimated, we that are in the tent groan, being burdened ; not because we wish to be dispossessed, but to be put into perpetual possession, that what is mortal may be absorbed in life. Now he, who has powerfully incited us to this very wish, is God ; 11'ho has also given us the pledge of the Spirit. Consequently, we are always courageous, because aware, that while we sojourn in the body, we are exiled from the Lord ; (for we walk by fmth, not by sight) ; we aro indeed undaunted, and are complacently disposed rather to be absent from the body, and to be present with the Lord. And therefore, we are exceedingly ambitious, that, whether present or absent, we may be highly acceptable to liim. For we must all appear before the tribunal of Christ ; that every one may receive according to what he has done in the body, whether it be good or evil. Realizing therefore the fear of the Lord, we persuade men ; and we are manifested to God ; and I trust that we are also manifested even to your consciences. However, we do not again recommend ourselves to you, but only give you occasion of triumph concerning us ; that you may have a reply to those who triumph on account of appearance, and not of heart. For even if we are transported beyond ourselves, it regards God ; and if we are of a sound mind, it regards you. Since the love of Christ bears us away with itself; while we thus determine, that if one died for all, all were assuredly dead ; and that he died for all, that those who live should no longer live to themselves, but to him who died ai.d rose for them. Accordingly, from this time, we estimate no man in consequence of his descent ; and even, if we have regarded Christ in reference to that, yet now, we no longer thus regard him. For, if any PAULS SECOND LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. 277 away*''behSS"'V';r' " I "*'«; «'-«*«°« ? th« oW things have passed cl7i^ u ' *^'"^' have become new ! But aU these are from txod, jho has reconciled us to himself through Jesus Christ, and has imparted to us the office of the reconcihation f namely, that God is b^ Christ concdiating the world to himself, not attributing to them their teZVr^ .'" *^T"'"^' *° "« '""^ '^"^^'-^ -' '^ reconcihatio"! il vou h "'^ «™b*««adors for Christ, and as if God were entreat- ng you by us, we beseech you. in the place of Christ, to be reconciled to God. For he has constituted him, who knew no sin, a sin-offerine for us ; that we might become the forgiveness of God, through him. neither '/rr"'^^ ^''° f^"^ ^"'^J' «"t^«**' '"^^^ y«" "ceive not the grace of God ,n vain ; (For he declares, I have heard thee in be\oTnn .T' u^ ' '"'^ """*^' *^«« ^° **^« ^-y of «-^-tion : behold, now ,s the well accepted time ; behold, now is the day of salva- tion). gxvmg no cause of offence to any one. that our ministry may not ternnf r .^ '" T'^ P"'^*'"'*^' '«* "« ^''^^^^'^ ou. selves as minis- ters of God ; in much patience, in oppressions, in necessities, in diffi- culties, in scourges, in imprisonments, in commotions, in wanderings, in l^^tT b^ /"*•""' ' '"• "^"*^' ""' '""^•«^^«' ^^ forbearance by benignity, by a pious spirit, by undissembled love, by the doctrine of St'htC ri'^jf ^'''' ""' *^« •^'•""^ «f righteousness on the t"on and ^f ' •*''""^'^ ^""^'^ '^"^ ^^«S-««' through maledic flL.r^\ ' ''*• ""^ '"' ' "^ chastened, but not destroyed ; as afl meted, yet always rejoicing; as poor, yet enriching many ; as havinir nothing, and still, possessing all tilings. S 7 » as navmg Our mouth is opened to you. O Corinthians, our heart is enlarged. tT^\eTo Z:rlTr'^''''' formine.(Ispeah as to my chil- ticfnllTf""' ^T"'^^'''^^ "''*''^'"*"'* ^"'^ unbelievers : for what par- S ?h T "«''*««"«"««« with iniquity I and what intercourse has light with darkness T and what union has Christ with Belial 1 or wZ teZ7 Tr Y'Tr''' ^" ""^'^^^^^ ^ -d what connexion has the temple of God with that of idols 1 for you are the temple of the i vLg God ; as God has affirmed. I will certainly dwell am'ong them, a^d walk among them ; and I will be their God. and they shaU be to me a s^yTL Wd ?'. ri' f-™ the midst of them, and be separated, and will be to you a Father, and you shall be to me sons and daughters eTusturSr"''''"' "!"'• Having therefore these promises, beloved.' welTave'ir' T ^""^ T'''^ "° *^""' *« ''^^^ contaminated no one. . , ^^„, „,„^ yuuaremoitf hearis, to die together, '^ssiaMmSmr. 278 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. and to live together. Great is Iny freedom of siieech to you ; great is my triumph concerning you : I am filled with consolation ; I abound with inexpressible joy, in all our affliction For indeed, when we came to Macedonia, our flesh had no rest, but we were distressed on every side : without were oppositions, within were fears. Yet, God who consoles the disconsolate, comforted us by the arrival of Titus ; and not only by his arrival, but also by the consolation with which he was comforted by you, having related to us your earnest de- sire, your lamentation, your zeal for me ; so that I greatly rejoiced. Therefore, though I afflicted you in that letter, I do not repent, even if I deprecated it : (for I perceive that the same letter has duly grieved you, though only for a short time). Now I rejoice, not that you were grieved, but that you were grieved to reformation : for you were grieved with regard to God, that you might, in no degree, receive correction from us. For sorrow, which regards God, produces amendment to sal- vation, not to be regretted ; whereas, the sorrow of the world produces death. Consider now, this very fact, that you grieved from respect to God, what assiduity it produced in you ; indeed, what exculpation ; indeed, what displeasure ; indeed, what fear ; indeed, what ardent de- sire ; indeed, what zeal ; indeed, what chastisement ! By every cir- cumstance, you have now proved yourselves to be unexceptionable in this affair. Indeed, though I wrote to you severely, it was not on his account who had done, or his, who had received the injury ; but that our diligent care respecting you might be manifested to you, in the sight of God. For this reason, we are comforted on account of your consolation ; and we rejoiced more exceedingly in consequence of the joy of Titus, because his spirit was refreshed by you all. Therefore, if I have in any respect exulted to him concerning you, I was not ashamed : but as we have spoken all things respecting you in truth, even thus our exultation, which was before Titus, has been justified. And his tender affection is more abundant towards you, while he recollects the obedience of you all, and how you received him vTith fear and trembling. I rejoice, that in every respect I can confide in you. Now, brethren, we apprise you of the highly munificent gift bestowed by the churches of Macedonia, that under a great trial of affliction, the abundance of their joy, notwithstanding their deep poverty, has over- flowed in the riches of their liberality. For I testify, that according to their ability, indeed, beyond their ability, they were personally dis- posed ; urging us with much importunity, that we would accept the gifl, and the office of dispensing it to the Christians : and not as we feared ; but tb«iy first gave themselves to the Lord, and then to us, by the will of God. This moved us to desire Titus, that as he had previously com- menced, he would likewise complete this charitable contribution among you. Now, as you abound in every grace, in faith, and language, and knowledffc, and all diUgence, and in your love to us ; I wish that you PAUL'S SECOND LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. 279 may also abound in this virtue of charity. I do not announce this as an injunction, but on account of the assiduity of others, and as proving the sincerity of your love. For you know the beneficence of our Lord Jesus Christ, that being rich, he became poor in your behalf, that you, through his poverty, might be enriched. And I give my opinion on the subject, that this is profitable for you, who began a year since, not only to act, but even with alacrity. At present, therefore, complete the under- taking ; that according to the promptness to determine, thflre may also be the accomplishment, in proportion to what you possess. For if there be first a voluntary mind, according to what any one has, it is well accepted, not according to what he has not. However, I do not intend that others should be relieved, and you burdened ; but, with a view to equahty, that your affluence at this time may administer to their neces- sity, and that their abundance in future may supply your want ; so as to produce a reciprocity : as it is written. He who bad collected the most, had no surplus; and he who had gathered the least, had no deficiency. Wow thanks be rendered to God, who has put the same diligent care respecting you into the heart of Titus. For indeed, he complied with my exhortation ; but being very earnest, he repaired to you of his own accord. And we have sent with him that brother, whose praise by the gospel pervades all the churches ; (and not only so, but he was also par- ticuiarly appointed by the churches to accompany us with this charita- ble contribution, which is dispensed by us to the glory of the Lord him- self, and as indicating our ready disposition) ; taking this precaution, that no person should blame us in this abundance which is administered by us ; and premeditating what is proper, not only before the Lord, but also before men. And we have sent with them our brother, (whom we have often found diligent in many affairs, but now much more assiduous), on account of the great confidence reposed in you. If any inquire con- cerning Titus, he is my partner and fellow-laborer with respect to you • or concerning our brethren, they are the messengers of the churches! and the glory of Christ. Exhibit therefore to them, before the churches, the testimony of your aficction, and of our exultation respecting you. But, indeed, m reference to your relief of the Christians, it is super- fluous that I should write to you : since I know your readiness, for which I praised you to the Macedonians, asserting, that Achaia was prepared a year ago; and your zeal has excited very many. Yet, I have sent the brethren, lest our triumph concerning you in this particular, that, as I alleged, you were prepared, should be rendered false: lest, perhaps. If the Macedonians come with me, and find you unprepared, we should be ashamed, (not to say you also), of this vain confidence. I have therefore deemed it necessary to desire the brethren, that they would previously repair to you, and first consummate your bounty, which was formerly announced, that it might be ready as an act of liberality, and not of extortion. ' 380 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. V However, as to this, he who sows sparingly, will also reap sparingly ; and he who sows bountifully, will also reap bountifully. Let every one give, even as he intends in his heart ; not with regret, or by compulsion ; for God loves a cheerful giver. And God is able to make all goodness abound towards you, that constantly having all sufficiency in every thing, you may abound to every good work ; (as it is written. He has dispersed, he has imparted to the poor ; his beneficence perpetually endures. Now, may he, who dispenses seed to the sower, and furnishes bread for your food, even multiply your sowing, and increase the pro- ductions of your beneficence) ; being enriched in every thing to all liber- ality, which causes through us thanksgiving to God. For the perform- ance of this public service not only supplies amply the necessities of the saints, but also abounds in the thanksgivings of many to God ; (who, by the experience of this ministration, praise God for that subjection to the gospel of Christ, which you profess, and for your generous contribution to them, and to all) ; and in their prayer for you, ardently loving you, in consequence of the transcendent goodness of God bestowed upon you. Indeed, God be praised, for his inexpressible munificence. Now I the same Paul, who, when present, indeed, am humble among you, but when absent, am bold towards you, entreat you by the mild- ness and clemency of Christ. And I request, that I may not be confi- dent, when present, with that assurance, on which I think to presume against certain persons, who regard us as walking according to the flesh. For, though we walk in the flesh, we do not contend in conformity to the flesh ; since the weapons of our warfare are not secular, but power- ful through God to the demolition of strong holds ; subverting reason- ings, and every haughty object that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, and subjecting as a captive every thought to the obedience of Christ ; and being in preparation to punish all disobedience, when your obedience is complete. Do you survey things according to appearance 1 If any one trust in himself that he is Christ's, let him further, individually consider this, that as he is of Christ, so are we also of Christ. And therefore, if I should triumph, in a greater degree, concerning our authority, which the lord has given us for re-building you, and not for your destruction, I should not be ashamed : but I forbear, that I may not seem as if I would terrify you with letters : since, his letters, it is affirmed, are really important and powerful ; but his personal manner is feeble, and his dis- course, worthless. Let such an one thus reflect, that such as we are in profession by letters, when absent, the same will we also be in practice, when present. For we do not presume to class, or to compare ourselves with some who recommend themselves : however, they estimating them- selves by their own measure, and comparing themselves with each oth- er, are not wise. Further, we will not boast respecting things beyond our limits ; but concerning the extent of the province which God has ' ■* PAULS SECOND LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. as, ussigued to us, that we should attain even to you. For we do not extend even as far as to you, m the gospel of Christ ; not exulting in things beyond our precinctsynth^ ,,,„,„, „^,^^^ . ^^^ L^", wh'„ your fa,th .s xncrease^that we shall be greatly enlarged among Co^ in reference to our boundary ; so that we may proclaim the gospd.n tl^e Chi7"1 '"; ""' "°* ''•"^^ •" '^""^•'^^ "'"'« d«Partme'nt,'co:cer„! ng things already prepared for us. Rather, let him who triumphs trl umph .n the Lord. Since, he who commends himself is not apprVed but he, whom the Lord commends. approved. I wish you would endure me a little in my inconsideration • indeed estness ; because I have affianced you as a chaste •■:r.,n to one husbanS tha I may present you to Christ. But I am afraid, itst by some mean«' seduced from integrity towards Christ. If now, indeed, he who is come proclaims another Jesus, whom we have not preached ; or if you receTve' a different spirit, which you have not received from me • or a differ.It gospel whicliyou have not embraced ; you might teTlC wit hT^ e^ aposX A .V^ '" "° ''''''' ^"'•«"- *° *'- ^^st distingui2 ed amon™ Ha'T ''''''"^'""/^ »»-« ^y all things been manifest- ed among you. Have I committed an offence in humblinir mvself that ,i;..i !^ i Idepnved other churches, taking wages from them mv3fl T deflcency : and in all respect, I have kept, and wiJl ieep ZJ! tJr * ° '"*'""' '" '•''"• ^' "■« «"* of Ckris, is in Z S. of Th ""T"" "'°" ■"" '" ""'"'■>• "'»«™ •» me, in The repons of Achaia. For «-h,t reason! because I do not love von J God k„„„, otkcwise]. B„, „hat I do, that I will do , that iTay "u boastThrZ rf "T "'"''"'" °"»""""^' .h..in whafth." e;.M"5Lri::a::rLr;.hr^jrtrta^^^^^ readUy bear with the uZLe Th" k' '"^. ''"' ^°""«^-««. ^o" h» H-vn„- " • unwise. Thus you bear it, if one enslav*, v™. if b. d.vou. you, u ne^iunder you. if ho raise himself against you.Vf'he ""^P" mmmimmmmmmmmmmmm 282 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. strike you on the face. Shall I reply to the alleged dishonor, as though we had been weak 1 Assuredly, in whatever any one may be confident, (I announce it inconsiderately), I am also confident. Are they He- brews T so am I. Are they Israelites ? so am I. ^re they the oiTspring of Abraham ? so am I. Are they ministers of Christ 1 (I speak as one thoughtless), I am more ; more productive in labors, far exceeding in scourges, more abundant in imprisonments, frequently in deaths. Five times I received from the Jews thirty-nine stripes. I was thrice beaten with rods ; once I was stoned ; thrice I was ship-wrecked ; I have remained a day and a night in the deep. I have often been in journeys ; in hazards from rivers ; in hazards from robbers ; in haz- ards from my own countrymen ; in hazards from the pagans ; in dan- gers of the city ; in dangers of the desert ; in dangers at sea, in dan- gers among false brethren ; in severe labor and toil ; in numerous watchings ; in hunger and thirst ; in frequent fastings ; in cold and nakedness. Aside from such external adversities, there is the pressure which continually assails me, the zealous care of all the churches. Who is feeble, and I am not feeble ? Who decUnes, and I am not ardent ? If I must necessarily triumph, I will triumph in the particulars of my sufferings. The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who is eternally praised, knows that I am not false. In Damascus, the governor, under Aretas the king, guarded the city of the Damascenes, being resolved to arrest me : but through a window, I was let down by the wall, in a basket, and escaped his hands. It is not proper then for me to boast ; yet I will refer to visions and revelations of the Lord. I knew a disciple of Christ, (whether in the body I know not ; or out of the body I am unconscious ; God knows) ; the same, above fourteen years since, was carried up even to the third heaven. Besides, I knew such a man, (whether in the body, or out of the body, I am not aware ; God knows) ; that he was translated to paradise, and heard ineffable words, which it is impossible for man to pronounce. Respecting such a person I will exult ; but on my own account I will not exult, except in my adversities. If, however, I de- sired to boast, I should not be foolish ; since I will assert the truth : but I forbear, lest any one should estimate me above what he perceives me to be, or what he hears from me. For, that I should not be too much elevated by the transcendency of the revelations, a thorn in the flesh was inflicted upon me, an embassador of the adversary to buffet me, that, as I repeat, I might not be excessively exalted. Concerning this, I thrice implored the Lord, that it might depart from me. But he said to me. My grace is sufficient for thee ; besides, my strength is perfected in weakness. Most joyfully, therefore, I will rather glory in my trials, that the power of Christ may overshadow me. Consequently, I feel a complacency in infirmities, in injuries, in necessities, in persecutions, in difficulties, for the sake of Christ ; since when I am feeble, then I am pGwefiuI. ■J mm ■Miiii PAULS SECOND LETTER TO THE CORINTHIANS. 283 Have I become thoughtless in exultation 7 you have impelled me to am Zh- """f ^ *° •'''" recommended by you : because, though I am nothing, I have. ,n no respect, failed to equal the most excellent of the apostles The proofs of an apostle were, indeed, fully produced among you with all patience, by signs, and wonders, and miracles. For myself did not burden you 7 Forgive me this trespass. Behold, a third time I am ready to come to you ; yet, I will not burden vou ; since I thf ri/""' TT'*^' ''"' y°""«'^««- *'°r it is not appropriate, that the children should treasure for the parents, but the parents fo; the children Indeed. I will very cheerfully exhaust a.id be exhausted for your^souls ; even though, the more abundantly I love you, the less I am sub^nA''' '''""'^ '^'^ not burden you; yet.it is alleged, that being subtile I seized you by artifice. Did I overreach you by any of those whom I sent to you 7 I desired Titus to go to you. 'and I sent with ham a brother. Did Titus in any manner overreach you 7 Did we not walk in the same spirit, and in the same steps 7 [By sending Titus] again, do you think that we apologize to yuu ? In the presence of God we speak through Christ, that all these things! beloved, are done for your improvement. Yet I fear, lest perhaps, when I come I may not find you such as I could wish ; and that I may be found by you such as you would not desire : I mean, lest perhaps, con- tentions. rivalries, passions, provocations, slanders, secret detractions, inflations, disturbances, exist among you ; and lest, when I come again my God may humble me among you. and I should mourn over many who have formerly sinned, and have not reformed from the impurity and fornication, and licentiousness, which they have committed. I am coming to you this third time : by the mouth of two witnesses, or three. Every fact shall be established. I have before informed you and now as present in spirit the second time, but absent in body. I thus previously apprise you, and all who have before sinned, and all the others. Assuredly, when I come again. I will not spare you ; since you demand a proof of Christ's speaking in me. who. in reference to you is not weak, but is powerful among you. For though, he was crucified through weakness, yet. he lives by the energy of God: and though, we are also feeble with him, yet, we shall hve with him, by the power of God among you. Examine yourselves, whether you are in the faith ; prove yourselves. Do you not know yourselves, that Jesus Christ is among you, unless perhaps you are unapproved 7 But I trust that you will know that we are not without approval. Still, I supplicate God, that . you may do no evil ; not wishing that we may appear approved, but that you may do what is good, though we should indeed be disapproved ; «nce we cannot do any thing against the truth, but we can for the truth! 1 herefore. we rejoice when we are weak, and you are strong ; and for this Wf> alsn nrnv piro^ -.^ — r -=-* • -^ i.- - " 1— ^.a.j,ti,^n j^^xxT lesioruHon. ror this reason, being absent. SM4 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. I write these things, that when present, I may not act severely, accord- ing to the power which the Lord has imparted to me, for improvement, and not for dest/uction. Finally, brethren, rejoice, be restored, be admonished, be united, cul- tivate peace, and the God of love and peace will be with you. Salute each other with a pious kiss. All the Christians salute you. The favor of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the participation of the Holy Spirit, be with you all ! < jr, accord- vement, bed, cul- Salute he favor ution of THE LETTER OF PAUL TO THE GALATIANS. «ii fK u I ^ ***® Father, who raised him from the dead • ani all the brethren who are with me, to the churches of Galatia I'ce be Ood, and ravaged it; and I advanced in the Jewish reli "' *V''. '"•'' P^"«^"»«^ »>- -ho was born accord! Ze 7 Exoertb' " r "." """• ''^*' "'^^* '^^^^ the scripture de- Clare ? Expel the enslaved woman with her son ; since the son of the enslaved woman shall not inherit with the son of the free. free woman'"' S^'^^Hfi"' ? T "'* '*•'"''" ^^*^« «"«'^^«<^' ^ut of the tree woman. Stand firmly, therefore, in the freedom with which Christ se/vitir"'''^' "^' ^"' '' "^* '^^^^ -•'j-*^** to the Imtion of C^r^sT'^lZlolTV'"''''''''''^^^^ '^'y^^ circumcision, t^nrist will become to you unavailing. And I testify, moreover to ^very circumcised person, that he is bound to perform "^L whole Iw All of you, who strive to bo pardoned by the law, are withdrawn from Christ ; you are deprived of the privilege. But ^e through thlsi^r cTctm^r-'^^'^'l ^-^'^ hy faith.' Since, in Ch^s 1'; .feE nnwrr '"'"''' ^"^ *'""«' "°' uncircumcision ; but faith which separated. * ^''^^ '"''" '"h''*" you, were even I command then ; Walk hv t».n a • * i are muniVest. whicli'n.-« ;"" ■'"%'"^/=*^'^- ^^^vv "'" works of the flesh miest. Which .wo these; fonucation. impurity, sensuality, id„I. 290 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. atry, magic, aversions, contentions, rivalries, resentments, disputations, divisions, factions, envyings, murders, inebrieties, revelings, and things similar to these ; concerning which I premonish you, even as I have also previously asserted, that they who practise such things, will not inherit the kingdom of God. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, forbearance, gentleness, goodness, fidelity, benignity, self-gov- ernment : against such things there is no law. Besides, those who are Christ's, have crucified the flesh, with the passions and desires. Since we live by the Spirit, let us also walk by the Spirit. Let us not be vain-glorious, provoking each other, envying each other. Brethren, if a man be surprised into any fault, ye who are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness ; looking to yourself, lest you also should be tempted. Bear each other's burdens, and thus fulfill the law of Christ. For if any one thinks himself to be something, being nothing, he deceives himself. But let every one try his own work ; and then he will have triumph in himself alone, and not in another. For every one will bear his own burden. Now let him that is taught in the word, contribute of all good things to him that teaches. Be not deceived ; God is not derided ; for what- ever a man sows, that he will also reap. So that he who sows into his own flesh, will from the flesh reap destruction ; but he who sows into his spirit, will from the spirit reap eternal life. Therefore, let us not be weary in good conduct ; since at the proper period we shall reap, if we do not faint. In conclusion, as we have opportunity, let us do good to all, but particularly to those who belong to the family of faith. You perceive how extensive a letter I have written to you with my own hand. As many as desire to make a plausible display in the flesh, such would compel you to be circumcised, only that they may not be persecuted on account of the cross of Christ. For, not even do the circumcised themselves keep the law ; yet, they wish you to be circum- cised, that they may triumph in your flesh. But far be it that I should triumph, except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by which the world is crucified to me, and I to the world. For in Christ Jesus neither does circumcision avail any thing, nor uncircumcision ; but, a new crea- tion. Now as many as shall walk by this rule, peace and mercy be to them, even to the Israel of God. In future, let no one assail me ; for 1 bear in my body the marks of the Lord Jesus. Brethren, may the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit. Amen ! r, THE LETTER OF PAUL TO THE EPHESIANS. saimJ^wh^ Tt' f •'''"' ^^'''''' ^y «PP«i"tme„t of God, to the samts who are at Ephesus. and to the faithful in Christ Jesus ; ^race be Praised be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has of Zl, u L ''^'" "' '^^ ***' '^''«"" "« ^" »'''»' before the formation of the wor d. that we might be holy and blameless in his presence" jlZ'Zr PT"^'^'r^"^^^' "«^« ^'^ •^d^P^^'^ sons' hough Jesus Chr St, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of hjs d.st.ngu.shed beneficence, with which he has gradousffavored h s b2 thl ; •''''''' 'r ? '^ """"^ "« ""^^^ redemption'^rou^h which^e' La« ?T'" °1""'' "''^"'•''"'^ ^° '"« "'^»"'^«"t kindness, which he has made to overflow towards us in all wisdom and under ance with his good design, which he previously formed in himself for a dispensation at the accomplishment of the time, to re-unite unler one in hl'^h " ?"? ' "'' *'"^^ *'"* '''' '" ''--"♦ -d on the ear h ; - defined' ""f "^^T "' ''^° ''"^^ '^*'*"'"''^ «" inheritance, previously defined according to the purpose of him who performs all th ngs agreed ably o the counsel of his own will ; that we who first trusted in ChrTt SnP h^ea^dt TT °^ 'f ^'^^ ' in whom you likewise confid d,' having heard the doctrine of truth, even the gospel of your salvation .n whom also, having believed, you were sealed ^th thai Holy Spirit of promise who is the pledge of our inheritance, for the deli cradle of those whom he has purchased for himself, to the praise of irg ory On this account, I also, having heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus and love to all the saints, cease not to offer thanks for you, particularly n th! I .^r^' """"'^ ^"" ^''^ ^ «P'"* «*■ ^i^'^"'" «nd revelation n he acknowledgment of him ; cause the eyes of your heart to be en- thr-rth f '"" T •;"- -hat is the hope o/his invitation and si « . f """"' abundance of his proffered inheritance amonL the saints ; and what is the transcendent greatness of his power towards ul who beheve, according to the operation of his powerful energy, which he exerted in Christ, when he raised him from tL dead, and sclted hh a his own right hand in the celestial regions , far above all empire aid au hority, and power, and d<.minio„, and ev^ name that is g ven not 7^' "i= jee., and con«ululed h.m head over all things to the church which u his body, the plenitude of him who accompLhes all tWng- : 292 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. and has reanimated you, who were dead in transgressions and sins, in which you formerly walked according to the practice of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now operates powerfully in the sons of disobedience : among whom we all likewise once lived, in the propensities of our flesh, fulfilling the dictates of the flesh and of the passions ; and were by nature children of displea- sure, even as others. But God, being rich in mercy, through his great love with which he afiectionately regarded us, even when we were dead in transgressions, has reanimated us together through Christ, (by grace you are saved), and has raised us together, and has made us sit together in heavenly places, through Christ Jesus ; that in the future ages he might exhibit the abundant blessings of his grace, in his kindness towards us through Christ Jesus. For by this grace you are saved, through faith ; and this proceeds, not from yourselves, it is the gift of God : not from works, lest any one should glory. Since we are his workmanship, cre- ated in Christ Jesus to good works, for which God before prepared us, that we might walk in them. Therefore, recollect, that you were once Gentiles in the flesk^ who were called the uncircumcision, by that which is termed the circumcision in the flesh performed by hands ; that you were at that time without Christ, being aliens from the citizenship of Israel, and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world. But now, in Christ Jesus, you, who were formerly far off, are brought near by the blood of Christ. For he is our peace, who has made both one, and has thrown down the middle wall of separation between us ; having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments concerning ordinances ; that he might form in himself, from the two, one new man, thus producing peace ; and that he might reconcile both to God in one body by the cross, having destroyed by it the enmity ; and he came and proclaimed peace to you that were far ofl", and to those that were near. For through him we both have access by one Spirit to the Father. Now therefore, you are no longer strangers and foreigners, but fellow- citizens of the saints, and of the family of God, built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner- stone ; on which the entire edifice, harmoniously connected, advances to a holy temple in the Lord : on which you are also erected together, for a habitation of God through the Spirit. In consequence of this, I Paul am the prisoner, on account of Jesua Christ, for preaching to you the Gentiles ; (since indeed, you have heard the dispensation of the grace of God imparted to nie in your behalf; that by revelation was made known to me the secret ; as I have briefly written before ; by whicfa^ when you read, you may perceive my knowl- edge in the new doctrine of Christ ; which in other ages was not made known to the sons of men, as it is now revealed by the Spirit to his holy apostles and prophets ; that the Gentiles should be joint-heirs, and a PAULS LETTER TO THE EPHESIANS. 993 mutual body, and reciprocal partakers of his promise in Christ through grace of God, which was communicated to me by the energy of his fnl „; 21** V^°"l^ ^''^'^ *™°"g **>« ««"*"«« the unsearchable bless- ZaUon whilh "f """:^ "" '"'^ ^'^"'^ *° ^«« -*•«* •« *^« «--t <«- GoHwr' . ^ .?"!..*''" ^"•"^^"^^'"^nt of ages was concealed in God, who created all things ; that the multiplied wisdom of God migh" now be made known by the church, to the principalities and powers in heavenly places ; according to a perpetual purpoL which he Lmed n Christ Jesus our Lord ; by whom we have this freedom of speech, anS th s access wUh confidence through faith in him). Therefore^ I entreat do V Fortf ""' "rf" -7 auctions fjr you, which 'are you glory. For this reason, I bend my knees before the Father of our Lord i thafh " mT *'' "'"'« fe-ily in heaven and on earth is named hat he would ginnt you, according to his abundant glory, to be powerfully strengthened by his Spirit in the internal man ; Ihat"^ ChrisI may dweU m your hearts through faith ; so that being rooted a" d grounded in love, you may be completely enabled with all'aLt,amp"y to comprehend what is the breadth, and length, and depth, and ^S InlW T ' "" *" "^'^"'^« '^' '•^^ °^ Christ, which surprsfe knowledge that you may be replenished with all the fullness of God. Now to him who is able to do superabundantly above all that we can solicit or imagine, according to the power which strongly operates in us • to him be glory m the church by Christ Jesus, through all the successions' of an endless duration. Amen! "'e successions I, therefore, the prisoner in the cause of the Lord, beseech you, that vou walk m a manner worthy of the profession by which you ar^ called with all humility of mind and meekness ; with forbearance susta f ^'^ another in love ; intensely laboring to preserve the unity of the Sp^Hn ^e bond of peace. There is one body and one Spirit, even as you a e also invited m one hope of your profession; one Lord, one fahh one anTryLri^"' ^"' ""'''" "^'^"' ^'^ '' ^ *"' -<^ ^-^^^^ Moreover, the gifts of Christ have been kindly bestowed on each one of us m due proportion. (Thus the scripture announces. When he buf th„. r* ; *'"' ^'^P^^--"' He ascended, what does it imply, who 1 /r" ^'^'"^«"^«^ to the lower region of the earth 7 He who descended is the same as he who ascended far above all the heavens, to accomp ish all things). And he gave to some to be apo t. s ; and some to be public teachers, some to be evangelists, and some to be acclrr..r"''V'r'""*' •"°^ "»■" I offer thanks to my God on crery recurrence to you, always in cverv prayer of mtne, for yon all, making supplication ™U oy, for lour paZ xrcTiit, ft i^„rj:,rchrTs't''*"r°* ^" ^■- -'" affected toward, you^all, beZse" yr ietl'ml L^'yo'rr Te.l''"'.;|':f you being partakers of the blessine with me as ^vJZ ment. as in the defence and confirnfaUon o^h^ llp"l Fof gT""" wun how very affectionate!, I love you ZT:^f;en!:r\X:Zi of Jesus Chr. St. And this I pray, that your love may enlarge J^rmnr« and more in .11 knowledge, and in all perception so^haty^ml^ rrtTlhe ZoT cf f \^ ' ^"' r ^^^ -^^ ^« «incere'andl^^fft rZ' u u ^ '"'* ' ^""^ replenished with the fruit of righteous- ness, which ,s through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God Besides. I wish you to understand, brethren, that my circumstances have eventuated rather to the promotion of the gospelTso tha^/r prisonment ,„ the cause of Christ is well known to tL ^hoTe palace ^d" n ttetr;; ''"' ™'^"^ "' '""^ ''^^*'^'^"' ™-« confidenUy tru'sdnl in the Lord from my imprisonment, have been much more emboldened fearlessly to proclaim the word. emooidened Indeed, some preach Christ, even through envy and contention • but some, moreover, through benevolence. The former Z ZT ' . Christ from contention, not ingenuously, intendiTg ^ dd^lfflXt my imprisonment : but the latter, from love, aware that I am appointed for t..e defence of the gospel. What then 1 though, in any moSe whe ther m pretence or in truth. Christ be proclaimed vet in fhU T and assuredly, will rejoice. For I kn'ow thaTthiJwlirc 'ndueeT^^^ salvation through your prayer, and the supply of th spTrft of JeZ Christ ; according to my earnest expectation and hope, that I hall in no degree be disheartened ; but that with all liberty of speech as eve" Z now a,«o, Christ wiH be magnified in my body, w'heZ by Hfrordelt; Since, as it respects me, to live is Christ, and to die is gain But if permitted to continue in the flesh, this is the result of mylTor- vet I thTTw'V^'"' \ ^'""^•^ ''"'•^••' ^"* ' aminanu„ce7a^:tyb;tw en a t y\^t""Lw: "t '"^ '^P^.'*' ^"^ *« ^« -*'• Christf which •: vusuy oeiter : however, to reipni" •»! th" fl«5~!- ;- . , . • - " — ' '''^- neoit 13 more reauisite on vnm. account. And being confident of this. I am conscious that I shall aWde' 38 ^ 298 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. and shall still remnin with you all, for your advancement and joy in the fuith ; that your triumph in Christ Jesus may abound through me, by my presence with you a'' h.1^" i^u ^' ''"'P««*'"» ">« Tychicus will communicate to you who i« « whom T h""' ""' '"*'•'"' •"•""*-' -"d fellow-servant fn t'he Lord whom I have *ent to you for this very purpose, that you may know ci' sisferr/Btn'r '•^"""■P"-"" «<»•"»«« yo". and Mark, son of the cTSl ^""**"^«'. ««ncerni„g whom you received instructions. ( f he cTrcumdir T?'" "'"^' ""' '"^''""' *^'^"«'' •'-^-' who are'i the God wh I T ' "' "^ °"'^ fellow-Iaborers in the kingdom of fe^vlT of cTr r^.'r"'"* *° "" ^P«P^'-' -ho is one of you. a servant of Chnst. salutes you. always fervently striving for vou in hi« ofToT T r T^«^-^P-^-*-"dfullypersu3 111 the wm :is) THE FIRST LETTER OF PAUL TO THE THESSALONIANS. Paul, and Silvanus, and Timothy, to the church of the Thessalonians in God the Father, and in the Lord Jesus Christ ; grace and peace to you, from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ. We ofter continual praise to God for you all, particularizing you in our prayers ; incessantly recollecting your active faith, and laborious love, and patient hope, through our Lord Jesus Christ, in the sight of God, even our Father ; knowing, brethren, beloved of God, your favora- ble designation ; that our gospel came not to you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Spirit, and in the most ample persuasion ; even as you are conscious what description of persons we were among you on your account. And you became imitators of us, and of the Lord, having received the word in much affliction, with joy of the Holy Spirit ; so that you were examples to all the believers in Macedonia, and in Achaia. For from you the word of the Lord resounded not only in Mace- donia and Achaia; but also in every place your faith towards God was proclaimed, so that it became unnecessary for us to relate any thing. For they themselves declare concerning us what a kind of introduction we had to you, and how you turned to Deity from idols, to serve the living and true God ; and to await his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, even Jesus, who rescues us from the impending vengeance. For, you personally know, brethren, that our entrance among you was not in vain. But when we had previously suffered, and had been injuriously treated, as you are aware, at Philippi, we boldly preached to you, through the assistance of our God, the gospel of God, amid so great a contention. For our exhortation was not from error, nor from impurity, nor in deception; but as God regarded us worthy to be entrusted with the gospel, so we speak ; not as pleasing men, but God, who tries our hearts. For neither did we at any time use flattering words, as you know, nor a pretext of covetousness ; (God is witness) ; nor did wc seek glory from men, neither from you, nor from others ; thongli we might have had influence as the apostles of Clirist. But we were gentle among you, as a nursing-niotlier cherislies her own children. Being tlnis tenderly nflectionnte towards you, we delighted to impart to you not only the gospel of God, but also our own lives, because you were endeared to us. For you remember, brethren, our labor and toil ; that working niglit and day, so as not to burden any of you, we preach- ed to you the gospel of God. You are witnesses, and God also, how piously, and justly, and innocently, we conducted ourselves among you Sa YOU KiIOtV ho'v jncouraged and comforted every one PAULS FIRST LETTER TO THE THESSALONIAS. 307 of you, as a father does his children, and charged you to walk worthily of Orod, who has invited you to his kingdom and glory. In consequence of this, we also incessantly praise God, that when you received the word of God which you heard from us, you embraced It not as the word of men, but, (as it is in truth), the word of God, which also efficiently works in you who believe. For you, brethren, became imitators of the churches of God in Judea, which are in Christ Jesus : since you also suffered the same things from your own countrymen, even as they did from the Jews ; who both killed the Lord Jesus and the pro- phets, and have persecuted us ; and they do not please God, and are adverse to all men ; not suffering us to declare salvation to the Gentiles ; thus constantly filling up the measure of their sins : but vengeance has befallen them to the greatest extremity. Now we, brethren, bereaved of you for a short period, in person, not in heart, have more abundantly endeavored with great earnestness to see your face. We would therefore have come to you, (even I Paul) once and a second time ; but the adversary hindered us. For what will be our hope, or joy, or crown of triumph ? Will not even you, in the presence of our Lord Jesus Christ, at his appearance ? You are indeed our glory and joy. Therefore, being no longer able to endure the uncertainty, we acqui- esced in being left alone at Athens ; and sent Timothy our brother, and a co-operator with God in the gospel of Christ, to support you, and to comfort you concerning your faith ; that no one might be shaken by these afflictions ; since you yourselves know that we are exposed to these. For truly, when we were with you, we previously informed you that we should suffer affliction ; even as it occurred, and as you are aware on this account also, when I could no longer bear the anxiety, I sent to ascertain your faith, lest by any means the tempter had seduced you, and our labor proved in vain. But now Timothy having returned to us from you, and brought to us the grateful news of your faith and love, and that you always have a favorable remembrance of us, ardently wishing to see us, as we also do to see you ; for this reason, brethren, we were consoled respecting you m all our affliction and distress, even by your faith : so that now we live, provided you stand firmly in the Lord. For what gratitude can we re- turn to God relative to you, for all the joy with which we rejoice in your behalf before our God ; night and day most abundantly entreating to see your face, and to make up the deficiencies of your faith ? Now may God himself even our Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ, direct our way to you ; and may the Lord cause you to abound and overflow in love to each other, and to all, even as we do towards you ; so that your hearts may be established blameless in hohness before our God and Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, with all his 3(W APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS, Moreover, brethren, we therefore beseech and exhort you by the Lord Jesus Christ, as you have learned from us how you ought to walk, and to please God, that you would abound more and more. For you know what commandments we gave you by commission from the Lord Jesus. Since this is the will of God, even your purification, that you should abstain from incontinence ; that every one of you should know how to retain liis person in purity and honor ; not in the excess of passion, even as the Gentiles who know not God ; that no one should circumvent or defraud his brother in any particular, because the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we have also apprised you before, and testified. For God has not summoned us to impurity, but to holiness. He therefore who despises this precept, rejects not man, but God, who has even im- parted to us his Holy Spirit for our benefit. Now, concerning fraternal love, you do not require that I should write to you, for you yourselves are divinely instructed to love each other : and indeed, you do practise this towards all the brethren, that are in all Macedonia. But we exhort you, brethren, that you increasingly abound ; and that you earnestly endeavor to live quietly, and to perform your own business, and to work with your own hands, as we commanded you ; that thus you may walk becomingly towards those who are without, and that you may want nothing. Further, we wish you to be informed, brethren, concerning those who are deceased ; that you may not lament, even as others, who have no hope. For since we believe that Jesus died and arose, thus also, God will bring with him, through Jesus, those also that are dead. For this we declare to you on the word of the Lord, that those of us who shall be left alive at the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who are dead. For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the trumpet of God ; and the dead in Christ will rise first : subsequently, we who are left alive, will together with them be caught up into the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air ; and thus shall we always be with the Lord. Therefore, com- fort each other with these words. Besides, in relation to the times and the seasons, brethren, you have no occasion that I should write to you, for you are individually assured, that the day of the Lord is coming as a thief in the night. When men shall say. Peace and safety ; then sudden destruction will come upon them, Uke anguisli upon her who is in parturition, and they cannot escape. But brethren, you are not in darkness, that the day should surprise you like a thief. You are all sons of light, and sons of the day ; we are not of the night, nor of darkness. Therefore, let us not sleep even as others ; but let us be vigilant and temperate. For those that sleep, sleep by night ; and those that are inebriated, are inebriated by night. But let us, who are of the day be self-governed, putting on the breast- PAULS FIRST LETTER TO THE THESSALONIANS. 309 plate of faith and love, and for a helmet the hope of salvation. For God has not designated us to severe displeasure, but to the attainment of salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ ; who died for us, that, whether we live or die, we may live together with him. Therefore, console each other, and instruct one another, as indeed you do. Now we entreat you, brethren, to acknowledge those who labor among you, and superintend you in the Lord, and admonish you, and to regard them with pre-eminent love, in consequence of their office : remaining at peace among yourselves. Moreover, we exhort you, brethren, admonish the disorderly, comfort the faint-hearted, sustain the feeble, be forbearing towards all. See that none render evil for evil to any ; but ever follow that which is good both among yourselves, and towards all. Ever rejoice. Pray incessantly. In every condition give thanks : since this is the will of God, in Christ Jesus, respecting you. Extinguish not the Spirit. Despise not instructions. Investigate all things ; firmly retain that which is good. Avoid all appearance of evil. And may the God of peace himself sanctify you entirely ; may your whole constitution, — the spirit, and the life, and the body, — be pre- served blameless to the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ ! He who calls you is faithful ; and he will perform it. Brethren pray for us. Salute all the brethren with a pious kiss. I adjure you by the Lord, that this letter be read to all the holy brethren. The favor of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you ! I THE SECOND LETTER OF PAUL TO THE THESSALONIANS. Paul, and Silvanus, and Timothy, to the church of the Thessalonians in God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ ; grace to you, and peace, from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ. We ought to thank God always with respect to you, brethren, as it is proper, because your faith advances exceedingly, and the love of every one of you towards each other abounds ; so that we ourselves glory in you among the churches of God, for your patience and faith in all your persecutions and afflictions which you endure ; as an evident indication of the righteous judgment of God, that you may be rendered worthy of the kingdom of God, for which you even suffer : since, it is a just thing with God, to recompense affliction to those who afflict you ; but to you who are afflicted, rest with us, when the Lord Jesus shall be manifested from heaven, with his powerful angels, in a flame of fire, inflicting ven- geance on those who do not acknowledge God, and obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ. Those will suffer a sentence of perpetual destruction from the face of the Lord, and from the glory of his pow- er ; in that day when he will come to be glorified in his saints, and to be admired among all those, who have believed ; (since our testimony was accredited among you). For this purpose indeed we always pray for you, that our God would render you worthy of this call, and accom- plish with power every kind intention of beneficence, and work of faith ; that the name of our Lord Jesus Christ may be glorified in you, and you in him, according to the grace of our God, and of our Lord Jesus Christ. Further, we entreat you brethren, respecting the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ, and our assembling to him, that you be not suddenly shaken in mind, nor troubled either by any declaration of the spirit, or by any expression, or by any letter as from us, as if the day of the Lord were instantly approaching. Let no one deceive you by any means ; for [it will not arrive], till there come first an apostacy, and the man of sin, the son of destruction be displayed, who opposes, and exalts himself above every one that is entitled God, or is an object of adoration ; so that he sits in the temple of God, representing him- self to be God. Do you not remember, that, when I was yet with you, I communicated to you these things ? And now, you know what pre- vents him from being displayed in his own time. For the secret of iniquity already operates ; only when that, which to this time restrains, shall be removed ; then indeed, the lawless one will be disclosed, whom PAULS SECOND LETTER TO THE THESSALONIANS. 311 the Lord will consume by the breath of his mouth, and will destroy by the radiance of his advent : even him, whose appearance is according to the active exertion of the adversary, with all imposture of miracles, and of signs, and wonders, and with every iniquitous deception among those who are destroyed ; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be preserved. And for this cause God will leave them to the powerful operation of error, so that they will believe the falsehood ; and thus, they all may be condemned, who believed not the truth, and took pleasure in iniquity. However, we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brethren, beloved of the Lord, that God from the commencement chose you to salvation through purification of the Spirit, and belief of the truth ; for which purpose, he has called you by the gospel which we preach, to the attainment of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ. Thus therefore, brethren, stand firmly, and retain the instructions which you have re- ceived, either by word, or our letter. Now may our Lord Jesus Christ himself, and God, even our Father, who has loved us, and has given us perpetual consolation and good hope through favor, comfort your hearts, and estabUsh you in every good doctrine and duty ! Moreover, brethren, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may rap- idly advance, and be highly distinguished, even as it is among you ; and that we may be dehvered from ungovernable and vicious men ; for all have not fidelity : but the Lord is faithful ; who will establish you, and keep you from the evil one. And we confide in the Lord concerning you, that you both perform, and will perform, the things which we com- mand you. And may the Lord direct your hearts to the love of God, and to the patience of Christ ! Now we charge you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, to withdraw yourselves from every brother who walks irregularly, and not agreeably to the instruction which they received from us. For you personally know how you ought to imitate us ; since we did not conduct disorderly among you ; nor did we eat any man's bread for nothing ; but with labor and toil, we worked night and day, that we might not burden any of you ; not because we have no right ; but to render our- selves an example to you, that you might imitate us. For, even when we were with you, this we commanded you, that if any one will not work, neither let him eat. Yet, we hear that some among you walk disorderly, doing nothing, but are ofliciously employed. Now those who are such we command, and exhort by our Lord Jesus Christ, that they labor with quietness, and eat their own bread. And as for you, breth- ren, faint not in doing good. And if any one obey not our word by this letter, note that person, and do not associate with him, that he may be ashamed. Yet, consider him not as an enemy, but admonish him aa a brother. 313 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Now may the Lord of Peace himself give you peace always, in every respect ! The Lord be -vith you all ! This is the salutation of Paul with my own hand, which is a token in every letter : Thus I write. May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen ! THE FIRST LETTER OF PAUL TO TIMOTHY. Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ, by the institution of God, our Pre- server, and Christ Jesus our hope ; to Timothy, my real son in the taith ; grace, mercy, and peace, from God our Father, and Christ Jesus our Lord. As I entreated you to continue at Ephesus, when I went to Macedo- ma, that you might charge some not to inculcate other doctrine, nor give attention to fables and endless genealogies, which cherish disputa- tions, rather than the dispensation of God which is by faith : — (Now the design of the injunction is love, from a pure heart, and a good conscience, and undissembled faith ; from nil which some having erred, have turned aside to frivolous discussion ; desiring to be teachers of the law, yet not understanding what they say, nor respecting what they confidently affirm. However, we know that the law is excellent, If a man use it legitimately; assured of this, that a law is not enacted in reference to a righteous man, but for the lawless and refractory, for the irrchg.ons and for sinners, for the impious and profane, for violent assaulters of fathers, and violent assaulters of mothers, for assassins, for the incontinent, for men of unnatural passions, for kidnappers, for liars, for perjured persons, and if there be any other thing that is opposed to salutary doctrine; according to the glorious gospel of the blessed God, with which I have been entrusted. And I thank Christ Jesus my Lord, who has endued me, that he regarded me faithful, placing me in the ministry ; who was previously a defamer, a persecutor, and an oppressor. ll.it I obtained mercy, because I acted ignorantly through unbelief. And the grace of our Lord has superabounded, with that faith and love which are in Christ Jesus. This is a true doctrine, and worthy of uni- versal reception, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners; of whom I am the fir... However, for this cause 1 obtained mercy, that m me, as the first, Jesus Christ might exhibit all forbearance, for an cxempl.h.-atK.i, to those who should afterwards believe in him to ever- lastn.g l.le. Now to the King eternal, imperishable, invisible, to God nione, be honor and git.ry for ever and ever. Amen) ! I commit this charge to you, son Tin.oth>, in conformity to preceding instructions relative to you, that by them you n.av achieve a good war- fare ; retaining faith and a good conscienre ; which some having thrust away, have mad.- shipwreck with respect to faith: of wh.«m iir.- Hvme- neus an.l Ahxan.ler. whom I have delivered to the adversary, that "they may be taught not to sj.eak impiously. I exhort, therefore, first of nil. tlmt «i>.,.j:,.„.:„... „. .«_. sions and grateful praises, be offered in behalf of all men ; for kings, and for all who are in high station } that we may pass a quiet and 40 314 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. penccfnl life, in nil piety and integrity. Since, this is good and accep- table in the sim'ht of God our Saviour, who requires tliat all men should be saved, and come to the acknowledgment of the truth. For there is one God, and one Mediator also between God and men, the man Christ Jesus ; who gave himself a ransom for all, a doctrine to be attested at proper periods ; of which I was api)ointed a herald and an apostle, (I speak the trutli, and am not false) ; an instructer of the Gentiles in faith and truth. I command, therefore, that men pray in every place, lifting up holy hands without anger and doubtful perplexity: in like manner, that women also adorn themselves in decorous attire, with modesty and moderation ; not with plaited hair, or gold, or pearls, or extravagant dress ; but (which becomes women professing the worship of God), with good works. Let a wonuin learn in quietness with all submission. For 1 do not permit a woman to teach, or to usurp authority over a man, but she must be quiet : since Adam was formed first, and then Eve. And Adam was not [first] deceived ; but the woman, having been deceived, was in the transgression. Yet, she shall be saved by means of parturi- tion : provided they live in faith, and love, and holiness, with sobriety of mind. This is a correct remark, that, if any man ardently wishes a spiritual superintendency, he earnestly desires an honorable employment. Such a superintendent, then, must be blameless, married to one wife only, vigilant, prudent, decorous, devoted to hospitality, (juulified to instruct, not inordinately attached to wine, no violent assaulter ; but mild, not contentious, not avaricious ; one who properly presides over his own family, having his children in subjection with all seriousness; (for if any one knows not liow to govern his own family, how can he take care of the church of God) ? Not n new convert, lest being inflated with vanity, he incur the censure of the slanderer. Moreover, it is also necessary, that lie should have a good testimony from those who are without, lest he fall into reproach, and the snare of the calumniator. In a similar manner, let the spiritual servants be serious, not deceit- ful, not addicted to much wine, not sordidly attached to gain, retaining the disclosure of the faith Avith a pure conscience. And let even these be first proved, then let them perform their offiriiil duties, being irre- proachable. Let the women likewise bo serious, not calumniators, watchful, faithful in all things. Let the servants of the church be re- spectively married to one wife only, rightly ruling their children and their own families. For those who have properly discharged the office of a dpi ritual servant, ac(piiro to themselvea an honorable grade, and great freedom of Bpeccli in the faith wiiich is in Christ Jesus. Hoping soon to visit you ; hut should I delay, I now write these things to you, that you nioy know ho«v you ouuht to conduct yourself in PAUL'S FIRST LETTER TO TIMOTHY. 315 The new doctrine of piety, which is the pillar and basis of the truth, is incontestably great. God was displayed in humanity, vindicated by the Spirit, viewed by celestial messengers, proclaimed to the Gentiles, accredited in the world, exalted to glory. Further, the Spirit expressly declares, that, in latter periods, some will apostatize from the faith, giving attention to spirits of deceit, and to doctrines of fiends ; through the hypocrisy of those who utter false- hoods ; whose own conscience is cauterized ; who interdict marriage, and command to abstain from certain descriptions of food, which God has created to be participated with grateful praise, by those who believe and know the truth. For every creature of (Jod is good, and nothing is to be rejected, [provided it be] received with thanksgiving ; since it is consecrated through the command of God, and by prayer. If you remind the brethren of these things, you will be a good minister of Jesus Christ, nourished in the words of the faith, and of the good doctrine which you have thoroughly understood. Moreover, reject pro- fane and anile stories ; and exercise yourself to piety. For corporeal exertion is of minor advantage ; but piety is advantageous in all re- spects, 'laving a promise of the present, and of the future life. This is a faithful declaration, and deserving of all accejitance. For on this ac- count we both labor and endure reproach, because we trust in the living God, who is a Preserver of all men, particularly of those who believe. These things enjoin and teach. Let no man despise thy youth ; but be an example to the believers in doctrine, in conduct, in love, in fidelity, in purity. Till I arrive, attend to reading, to exhortation, to instruction. Neglect not the en- dowment that is in you, which was imparted to you through prediction, with the imposition of the hands of the seniority. Revolve these things ; be occupied in them ; that y pro- THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS. 397 edged my ways. So I solemnly announced in my displeasure, They shall not enter my rest. Beware, brethren, lest there be in any one of you an evil and unbeliev- ing heart, in apostatizing from the living God. But admonish each other continually, while it is called to-day, lest any of you should be perverted by sinful delusion. For we shull participate in the blessings of Christ, if we firmly retain even to the end our first confidence. With regard to the declaration. To-day, while you hear his voice, pervert not your hearts, as in the provocation ; who now were those, that when they heard did provoke ? Indeed, did not all who came from Egypt under Moses ? And with whom was he displeased, forty years ? Was it not with those who transgreysed, whose dead bodies fell in the wilderness ? To whom did he sacredly affirm, that they should not enter his rest, except to those who disbelieved T We per- ceive, then, that they could not enter, in consequence of unbelief. Let us beware, therefore, since a promise is still left of entering his rest, lest any of you should fail of attaining it. For to us also bless- ings are announced, as well as to them ; the word, however, which they heard, did not profit them, not being blended with faith in those who heard it. But we who lielicve enter that rest ; as ho says, So I solemnly proclaim, in my di8i)leasure, [unbelievers] shall not enter my rest ; name- ly, rest from the works which had been porfi)rined, after tlie foundation of tlie world was laid. For the scripture speaks, in a certain place, concerning the seventh day, in tliis manner, And God rested, on tlie seventh day, from all his works. And again, in this manner. They shall noi enter my rest. Since then it remains, for some to enter tliat rest, and those, to whom this blessing was formerly proclaimed, did not enter on account of unbelief, [it follows that a rest remains for believers]. Again, he designates a particular day, This day, when speaking by David, so long a time afterwards ; as it is alloged, This day, while you hear his voice, pervert not your hearts. Now, if Josluiu had given them rest, then David would not have subsequently spoken of another time. Consequently, there remains a rest for tlie pecq.je of God. He, moreover, who enters God's rest, will also cease from his own works,* as God did from his. Let us strive, then, to enter that rest, lest any one should perish, in like manner, through unbelief. For tlie threatening of (iod has an active and jiowcrfiil energy; indeed, it is sharper than any twrnedged sword, piercing even to the separation of both life and spirit, and of the joints and marrow he also judges the thoughts and intentions of the heart ; nor is there any thing which ran be cone, aled from his sight, hut all is open and exposed to the view of him, to whom we are nccount- abio. Moreover, since we have a high priest who has passed through the iieavrns, Jesus the Son of God, let us firmly adhere to our profession. For wo have not a high priest who is unable to sympathise with our ju- 328 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. Wi\ '■,15 I t firmities ; but one who was tried in all respects as we are, yet without sin. Let us therefore approach the throne of grace with confidence, that we may obtain mercy, and find favor seasonably to assist. Now every high priest selected among men, is constituted in behalf of men over things which relate to God, that he may present both oblations and sacrifices for sin ; being enabled to show kindness to the ignorant and the wandering, since he himself is also surrounded by infirmity. And for this reason, also, he ought to present sin-offerings as well for himself, as for the people. Moreover, no one can assume this office to himself, but he is appointed by God, even as Aaron was. In like manner, Christ did not exalt himself to the honor of being high priest ; but he, who declared. Thou art my Son, this day I have produced thee, [exalted him.] Thus also he asserts, in another place, Thou art a priest perpetually, according to the likeness of Melchisedek. The same, in the period of his flesh, (having offered prayers and sup- plications, with strong cries and with tears, to him who was able to save him from death, and being rescued from what he feared), though a Son, learned obedience from his sufferings ; and having been perfected, be- came the author of eternal salvation, to all those that obey him ; being regarded by God, a high priest, according to the likeness of Melchi- sedek. Respecting him we have much to say, which it will be difficult to elu- cidate, since you are slow in comprehension. For even when you ought to be able to instruct, after so long a period, it becomes necessary that you should be reiiewedly taught the very rudiments of the oracles of God, and yon require milk rather than solid food. For every one who partakes of milk is unskilled in the doctrines of religion ; lie is yet a child. But solid food is for those of mature age, who possess faculties exercised by practice for the discrimination botii of good and evil. Then-fore, leaving the first principles of Christian doctrine, let us advance to maturity ; not laying again the foundation, concerning refor- mation from works which cause death, and reliance towards God ; re- specting the doctrine of baptisms, and the imposition of hands, and tlie resurrection of the dead, and eternol judgment. And we will do this, if (lod permit. For it is impossible that tlionc, who have been once en- lightened, and have enjoyed the celestial gift, and have been rendered partakers of the Holy Spirit, and have realized the good word of God, and the miraculous powers of the age winch was to come, and have apostatized, should be again renewed to reformation, since they have crucified for themselves tiie Son of God, and have made him a public, ignominious example. Now the earth which imbibes the rain thnt frequently fulls upon it, and produces vegetation useful to those for whose purposes it is cultivat- ed, receives blessings from God. But that which produces thorns and brirfo, is rejected, and is near to a curse, which will end in connngra- tion. THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS. But, beloved, we confidently hope for better things relative to you, even those connected with salvation, though we thus speak. For God IS not unkind, so that he will forget your labor, ard the love which you have shown towards his name, in having performed kind offices to the saints, and in still performing them. Moreover, we earnestly wish that every one of you would manifest the same diligence, for a full assurance of hope, even to the end; so that you may not be remiss, but imitators of those, who, through faith and patient expectation have attained the possession of promised bless- ings. When, for example, God made a promise to Abraham, since he could make oath by no greater, he made oath by himself, saying. As- suredly, I will greatly bless you, and exceedingly multiply you. And thus, having patiently waited, he obtained the promised blessing. Now men make oath by one who is superior, and the oath for confirmation termmates all dispute among tliem. In like manner, God, desirous of showing more abundantly to the heirs of promise the immutability of his purpose, interposed by an oath ; so that by two immutable things, respecting which it is impossible that God should be faithless, we, who have sought a refuge, might be strongly persuaded to hold fast the hope that is set before us, which we adhere to as an anchor of tlie soul sure and firmly fixed, and which enters within the veil, where Jesus our pre- cursor has gone, in our behalf, being constituted high priest forever, ac- cording to the likeness of Melchisedek. Now this Melchisedek was king of Salem, and priest of the most high God. The same met Abraham returning from the slaughter of the kings, and blessed him. To him, Abraham gave even a tenth part of all. By interpretation, his name means, first. King of Righteousness ; and then, he is also King of Salem, which means, King of Peace : re- specting whose father, mother, lineage, birth, and death, there is no record ; but resembling the Son of God, ho remains a high priest per- petually. Consider, now, how great he must be, to whom even Abraham the patriarch gave a tenth part of the spoils ! Moreover, the sons of Levi, who take the office of priests, have indeed authority by the law to tithe the people, that is, their brethren, though descended from Abraham ; but he, whose descent is not traced from them, tithed Abraham, and blessed him to whom the promises were made. And bey<.nd all contro- versy, tlio inferior was blessed by the superior. Here, also, men receive tithes who die ; but there, one of whom it is testified that he lives. Indeed, (if I may thus speak), even Levi him- self, who receives tithes, was tithed in Abraham ; since he was unborn, when Melchisedek met him. Further, if there had been a perfect nccomplishment of what was re- quired, by the Levitical prieBtlu)od, (for the law was given to the people iri cHnncxion with rius,) what necessity was there still, that another priest •hould arise according to thu likeness of Melchisedek, and not be nomod 43 1 1 ' ' If 1 330 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. according to the likeness of Aaron ? But if the priesthood be changed, there nrjust necessarily be also a change of the law. Now he, con- cerning whom these things are affirmed, belonged to a different tribe, none of whom served at the altar ; for it is apparent that our Lord des- cended from Judah, respecting which tribe, Moses said nothing in rela- tion to the priesthood. And it is still more impressively manifest, [that the priesthood is changed], if another priest has arisen resembling Mel- chisedek ; who has not been made so by a law of temporary obliga- tion, but by an authority of endless duration. For the Scripture de- clares. Thou art a priest forever, according to the likeness of Melchis- edek. There is also an abrogation of the preceding law, because it was weak and unavaihng. For the law did not fully occoniplish any thing ; but the subsequent introduction of a better hope does, by which we draw near to God. Moreover, in as much as not without an oath [Jesus was made a priest], (for they are made priests without an oath, but he with an oath ; by him who said to him. The Lord has made oath, and will not alter his purpose, Thou art a priest forever, according to the likeness of Mcl- chisedek), by so much has Jesus become the surety of a better cov- enant. Besides, those priests are numerous, because they are not permitted to continue in consequence of death ; but he, because he continues for- ever, lias a priesthood without any succession ; and on this account he is able always to wive those who come to God by him, since he ever lives to interpose in their behalf. Such a high jiriest, moreover, was requisite for us, who is holy, harm- less, uncontaminated, separated from sinners, and exalted ni)ove the heavens ; who has no daily necessity, like the high priests, to offer sac- rifices, first for their own sins, and then for the sins of the people ; for he did this once for all, when he oflored !ip himself. Now the law con- stitutes men high priests, who have infirmity ; but the word of the oath, whicli succeeded the law, constitutes the Son liigh priest, who is eter- nally exalted to ghtry. The most important thing, however, among those which we are dis- cussing is, that we have sucli a high priest, wlut is seated on the right hand of the throne of Majesty iu the heavens, a minister of the sanc- tuary and of the true tabernacle which the Lord has constructed, and not man. Now every high priest is appointed to j)reBent oblations and sacrifi- ces ; whence, it becomes necessary, timt this one also should have some- thing which ho may present. But if he were on earth, then he could not be a priest, since there ore priests who present oblations according to the low ; (the some who jierform service in [that sanctuary which is but] a mere rcnrPMcntntioii of t!>>>c : {nr Mua'^H. wh.t^t'. •>.!!::!:» to build the tabernacle, was divinely admonished, Attend now, said God, THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS. 331 that you make all things according to the model which was exhibited to you on the mount). But now, Christ has obtained a service which is more excellent ; as much more as the covenant is better of which he is mediator, and which is sanctioned by better promises Further, if that first covenant had been faultless, then no place would have been sought for the second. But finding fault [with the first], he declares to them, Behold, the days are coming, says the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah ; not according to the covenant which I made with their fath- ers, in the day when I took them by the hand, to bring them forth from the land of Egypt ; for they did not continue in my covenant, and I re- jected them, says the Lord. But this is the covenant, which I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord ; I will impress my laws upon their minds, and engrave them on their hearts ; and 1 will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no one shall teach his fellow-citizen, nor any one his brother, saying, Know the Lord ; for all shall know mc from the least to the greatest. For I will be merciful in respect to their iniquities, and their sins, and their transgressions I will remember no more. By saying, A new covenant, he represents the first as old ; now that which has become old, and is advancing in age, is near to dissolution. Moreover, tiie first covenant also had ordinances for service, and a sanctuary of an earthly nature. For an exterior tabernacle was pre- pared, in which was the candlestick, and the table, and the show-bread, which is called. The holy place. And iMjhind the second veil was the tabernacle, which is called. The holy of holies, containing the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant entirely covered with gold, in which was the golden urn that contained the manna, and the rod of Aaron which blossomed, and t5. tables of the covenant. And above it were the splendid Cherubs over-Hliiidowing tJie mercy-seat. Concerning these things, it is not my intention, nt this time, particularly to speak. Now these being tlius prepared, the priests performing the services entered continually the exterior tabernacle : but the interior one, the high priest alone entered, once in each year, not without blood, which he presented for himself and for the sins of the people. By this the Holy Spirit signified, that the way to the most holy place was not yet opened, while the first tabernacle hud an establishnjcnt ; which has been an expressive emblem to the present time, in which both oblations and sacrifices are presented, that cannot fully accomplish what is ro- •piired in regard to the conscience, for him who performs the services ; [and all the] ordinances relating to the flesh ; had reference only to meats and drinks, and various ablutions enjoined till the period of refor- mation. But Christ being conje, a high priest of future blessingn, throiigli tt greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, » ••' ""- '"•it'-jini vrcaiiuii, lie cjitcrca once tor an into iho sanctuary, ofltring not the blood of goats immI of young boovos, but his 332 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. i?' own blood, having found the means of an eternal deliverance. Now if the blood of goats, and beeves, and calves, and the ©shes of a heifer sprinkling the unclean, consecrate in respect to external purification ; how much more shaU the blood of Christ, who, though an eternal Spirit, offered himself uncontaminated to God, purify our conscience from works which cause death, so that we may serve the living God ! For this reason, also, he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that, his death being a ransom for the sins committed under the former cove- nant, those who have been invited might receive the promised blessing of the eternal inheritance. For where there is a testament, it is neces- sary that the death of the testator should occur ; because a testament is valid in relation to those only who are dead, since it has no force, while the testator is living. Hence, not even the first covenant was ratified without blood. For when the entire commandment according to the law, had been recited by Moses to all the people, taking the blood of young beeves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, he sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, declaring. This is the blood of the cove- nant which God has enjoined upon you. The tabernacle, also, and hkewise aU the vessels for service, he sprinkled in the same manner with blood. Indeed, almost every thing is required by the law to be purified by blood ; and without the effusion of blood there is no foreive- ness. ° Since, then, the representations of heavenly things must necessarily be purified in this manner, the heavenly things themselves [must be purified] by better sacrifices than these. For Christ did not enter a sanctuary made with hands, which is only an emblem of the true one, but into heaven itself, thenceforth to appear for us in the presence of God : yet not that he might frequently make an ofi-ering of himself, like the high priest who enters the sanctuary every year with blood not his own, (for then he must necessarily have often suffered, since the foun- dation of the world) ; but now, at the close of this dispensation, he has once for all made his appearance, that he might remove the punishment due to sin, by the sacrifice of himself. For since it is appointed to men to die but once, and after this comes the judgment ; so Christ also, after having once for all made un offering of himself to bear the sins of many, will appear at his second advent, without a sin-offering, for the salvation of those who await him. Moreover, the law, which presented only a delineation of future bless- ings, and not a complete representation of these things, can never, by these annual sacrifices which arc continually offbred, fully accomplish what 18 required for those who approach the altar. For if it roiihl then these offerings would not have ceased, because the worshippers, 'onco for all purified, would no longer have been conscious of sins. On the contrary by these sacrifices yearly remembrance is made of sin. THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS. 333 And truly, it is impossible that the blood of beeves and goats should remove sin. Therefore, Christ, entering the world, declares. Sacrifice and oblation, thou desirest not, but a body hast thou prepared for me ; in whole burnt offerings and offerings for sin, thou hast no delight. Then he said. Behold, I come, O God, to perform thy will ! (in the volume of the book it is written respecting me). When he affirms, in the first place, Sacrifice and oblation, and entire burnt offerings and offerings for sin, thou desirest not, nor hast complacency in them, (which are presented according to the law) ; and then affirms. Behold, I come to do thy will ! he abolishes the first, that he may establish the second. By this will, we have become holy, through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. Now every priest continues to stand, performing daily service, and frequently presenting the same sacrifices which can never take away sin ; but this one, having once offered a perpetual sacrifice for sin, sat down at the right hand of God, thenceforth waiting till his enemies be made his footstool. By one oblation, therefore, he has perpetually con- summated those who are purified. Moreover, the Holy Spirit also testifies this to us ; for after affirming. This is the covenant which I will make with them, after those days, says the Lord, I will write my laws on their hearts, and engrave them upon their minds ; then he declares. Their sins and their iniquities I will remember no more. But where there is remission of these, there is no more oblation for sin. Having then, brethren, free access to the sanctuary, by the blood of Jesus, in a new and living way, which he has consecrated for us through the veil, (that is, his body) ; and having also a high priest over the house of God, let us approach in full confidence, with a true heart, being pu- rified as to our hearts from a consciousness of evil. Being cleansed, also, as to our bodies, with pure water, let us hold fast, without fluctu- ating, the hope which we profess ; for he is faithful who has promised. Let us, further, attentively regard each other, for the purpose of incit- ing to love and good works ; not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, (as the custom of some is), but admonishing each other; and this so much the more, as you perceive the day approaching. Moreover, should we voluntarily sin, after having received the knowl- edge of the truth, there remains no more sacrifice for sin ; but a cer- tain fearful expectation of punishment, indeed, of fiery indignation, which will consume the adversaries. Whoever transgressed the law of Moses, suffered death without mercy, in case of two or three witnesses ; of how much greater punishment think you, will he be deemed deserv- ing, who has trampled under foot the Son of God, and regarded the blood of the covenant, by which he has been consecrated, as impure, and has offered indignity to the Spirit of grace ! Surely, we know him who hnn (lAAlflporl Tn ».« U • ttv wSiongs pumstiiacnt, ana i wiii iniiict it, uays 334 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ¥ the Lord ; and again, The Lord will judge hia people. It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God. Recollect, now, the former days, in which after you were enlightened, you endured a great conflict with sufferings ; because some of you were made a public spectacle both by reproaches mid afflictions, and because others were associated with those who were thus treated. For indeed, you sympathized with those who were prisoners, and cheerfully suffered the plundering of your property ; knowing that you have for yourselves, in heaven, a possession of a superior and more durable nature. Cast not away, therefore, your confidence, which will obtain a great reward. Assuredly, you rcviuire patience, that when you have accomjilished the will of God, you may receive the promised blessing. Nevertheless, yet a very little while, and he who is coming will come, and will not delay. The acquitted also, shall live by faith ; but, if any man draw back, my soul has no pleasure in him. We, however, arc n..t of those who draw back to destruction, but of those who believe to the salvation of the soul. Now faith is confidence in respect to things hoped for, and convinc- ing evidence of things unseen. On this account, moreover, the ancients obtained commendation. By faith we perceive, that the worlds were formed by the word of God, so that the things which are seen, were not made from those which previously existed. By faith Abel offered to God a bettor sacrifice than Cain, in conse- quence of which, he was commended as righteous, God iiimself bestow- ing approbation upon his offerings ; and by the same, though dead, he still cpeuks. By faith Enoch was translated, so as not to see death, and he was no longer found, because God translated him. He is applauded, also, as having pleased God, before his translation. But without faith, it is im- possible to please him ; for he who comes to God, must believe that he exists, and tiiat he will reward those who seek him. By faith Noah, being divinely admonished respecting the future, with reverence prepared an ark for the safet" of his household, by which he condemned the world, and attained the forgiveness, which is by faith. By faith Abraham obeyed, when summoned to depart to the place which he was to receive us a possescion ; indeed, he departed, not con- scious where he was going. By faith he sojourned in the land of prom- ise, while it belonged to strangers, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, who were likewise heirs of the same promise ; for he expected a city which has foundations, whose designer and architect is God. By faith, also, Sarah herself received the power of conception, and this beyond the usual period of life, since she regarded him as faithful who had promised. Therefore, from a single individual, who was moreover, dead as to these things, there proceeded a posterity like THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS. 335 the stars of heaven in multitude, and like the sand on the shore of the sea, which cannot be numbered. All of these died in faith, not having received the promised blessings ; but beholding them far distant, and joyfully anticipating them, they professed themselves to be' strangers and sojourners on the earth. Now those who thus profess, show that they are in search of a country ; for if they had cherished the remembrance of that from which they came, they had opportunity to return. But now, they were desirous of a bet- ter, that is, a heavenly country. Therefore God is not ashamed of them, nor to be called their God ; for he has prepared a city for them. By faith Abraham, when tried, made an offering of Isaac ; indeed, he who had received the promises, made an offering of his only son ; to whom it had been announced. After Isaac thy offspring shall be named ; reflecting that God was able to raise him even from the dead, whence, also, in a comparative sense, he obtained him. By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau, in reference to the future. By faith Jacob, when about to die, blessed each of Joseph's sons, and bowed himself upon the head of his staff. By faith Joseph, at the close of life, mentioned the departure of the children of Israel [from Egypt], and directed respecting his own bones. By faith Moses, after his birth, was concealed for three months, by his parents, because they saw that he was a beautiful child, and they did not fear the king's commandment. By faith Moses, when arrived at mature age, refused to be called the son of Pharoah's daughter, choosing rather to suffer affliction with the people of God, than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season ; considering reproach, such as Christ endured, to be greater riches than all the treasures of Egypt ; because he had respect to a state of reward. By faith he left Egypt, not fear- ing the indignation of the king ; for he persevered, as one who sees him that is invisible. By faith he observed the passover, and the sprinkling of blood, so that he who destroyed the first-born might not touch them. By faith they passed through the Red Sea, as on dry land ; which the Egyptians attempting to do were drowned. By faith the walls of Jeri- cho fell down, after they had been environed seven days. By faith Rahab, the hostess, having entertained the spies in a friendly manner, perished not with the unbelieving. And what shall I further add T since time would fail me to remark^ concerning Gideon, Barak also, and Sampson, and Jepthah, respecting David likewise, and Samuel, and the prophets ; who, through faith, sub- dued kingdoms, executed justice, obtained promised blessings, stopped the mouths of lions, extinguished the violence of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were restored to energy from a state of infirmity, became powerful in war, overthrew the armies of foreigners. Women recover- ed their dead by a restoration to life. Some were tortured, refusing .'jfiratijsr.i thst they riiighi aliuiii to a better, future existence. Oihera were tried by derisions and scourges, and also by bonds and imprison- 336 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. ments. They were stonedy they were sawn asunder, they were tempted, they perished by the murderous sword, they went about in sheep-skins and goat-skins, enduring want, afflicted, injuriously treated, (with whom the world could not compare), wandering around in deserts and moun- tains, in caves also and dens of the earth. Moreover, none of these, who are commended in consequence of their faith, received the promised blessing ; God having provided some better thing for us, so that without us they could not fully attain what was required. Since, therefore, we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, lay- ing aside every incumbrance, and particularly the sin that most impedes us, let us run steadily the course marked out for us ; fixing our eyes on .Tesus, the guide and perfecter of the faith, who, for the joy proposed to him, endured the cross, disregarding ignominy, and is now seated at the right hand of the throne of God. Contemplate, now, him who endured such opposition against himself from sinners, lest being discouraged in your minds, you become wearied. You have not yet resisted to blood, in your struggle against sin. And have you forgotten the exhortation which is addressed to you as chil- dren. My son do not disregard the chastisements of the Lord, nor be disheartened when reproved by him ; for whom the Lord loves he chas- tens, and scourges every son whom he receives ? If you endure correc- tion, God is dealing with you as children ; for what son is there, whom his father does not correct ? But if you are without chastisement, of which all children are partakers, then you are spurious, and not legiti- mate sons. Moreover, we have had fathers of our flesh, who have chastened us, and we have yielded them reverence ; shall we not much rather yield subjection to the Father of our spirits, that we may live ? They, indeed, chastised us for a little time, according to their own pleasure ; but he,' for our welfare, that we might be rendered partakers of his holiness. Now all chastening appears, for the present, not to be an object of joy, but of grief; yet afterwards, it yields the happy fruits of righteousness, to those who are exercised by it. Therefore, Strengthen the weak hands and the feeble knees, and make plain the paths for your feet, that what is lame may not be dislo- ^cated, but rather healed. Assiduously cultivate peace with all men, and holiness, without which no man shall see the Lord. Be attentive, that no one of you fail of the favor of God ; that no root of bitterness spring up and trouble you, and through the same many be polluted. Let there be no incontinent nor profane person, like Esau, who for one meal sold his birthright. For you know that when he was subsequently desirous to obtain the bless- ing, it was refused ; indeed, he found no means to change his [father's] mind, though he sought it with tears. ^»* THE LETTER TO THE HEBREWS. 337 Moreover, you have not come to the mount which could be touched, and to flaming fire, and thick clouds, and darkness, and tempest ; nor to the re-sounding of a trumpet, and the voice of commands, the hearers of which entreated that not another word should be added to them ; (for they could not endure the admonition, ' If even a beast touch the mountain it shall be stoned ; ' and — so terrible was the sight — even Moses declared, I fear and tremble) : but you have come to mount Zion ; and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem ; and to myri- ads—the joyful host of angels ; and to the assembly of the first-born, en- rolled in heaven ; and to the Judge, the God of all ; and to the spirits of the just, who have obtained their final reward ; and to the mediator of the new covenant, — Jesus ; and to the sprinkling of that blood which speaks better things than the blood of Abel. Beware, that you do not reject him who addresses you ; for if they did not escape, who rejected him that admonished the^.i on earth ; much less shall we escape, if we disregard him who admonishes us from heav- en. His voice then shook the earth ; but now it is promised, saying. Yet once more, I will shake not only the earth, but also heaven. Now this, ' Yet once more,' denotes a removal of the things which are shaken, as of created objects, that the things which are not shaken, may remain. Therefore, having obtained a kingdom which cannot be shaken, let us manifest gratitude, (by which we may serve God acceptably), with reverence and devotion. For even our God is a consuming fire. Let fraternal love continue. Forget not hospitality ; for by this, some have unconsciously entertained angels. Remember those who are im- prisoned, as if you yourselves were fellow-prisoners ; those who are suffering evil, as being yourselves yet in the body. Let marriage be honorable among all, and the vow inviolate ; for tlie sensual and adul- terous God will judge. Let your conduct be divested of covetousness, and be contented with what you possess. For he has said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake tliee ; so that we may confidently assert, The Lord is my helper, and I will not be afraid. What can man do to me ! Remember your guides, who have spoken to you the word of God ; and attentively contemplating the result of their course of life, imitate their faith. Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, to-day, and forever. Be not driven away by various and strange doctrines ; for it is gooc^g* that the heart should be confirmed by grace, and not by meats, for those have not been thereby profited, who have attended to them. We have an altar, of which they have no right to eat, who render their service to the tabernacle. Moreover, the bodies of those animals, whose blood was carried into the sanctuary ns a sin-offering, by the high priest, were burned with- out the camp. Therefore, Jesus also, that he might consecrate the -'f-- n " "«! nlijtcicu r,-iiiii;u;i the gaic. i,et US, Ihtiu, go forth to him without the camp, bearing reproaches like his ; for here 43 338 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. we have no permanent city, but are seeking for one yet future. By him, therefore, let us constantly present to God the sacrifice of praise, that IS, the fruit of our lips, ascribing praise to his name. Besides, forget not kindness and liberality ; for with such sacrifices God IS well pleased. Obey your conductors, and be subject to them • far they watch for your souls as those who must give an account. [Thus obey], that they may do it with joy and not with grief; for this would be unprofitable to you. Pray for us ; for we trust that we have a good conscience, being de- sirous m all things to conduct ourselves with integrity. I make this re- quest, also, the more earnestly, that I may speedily be restored to you. Now may the God of peace, that raised from the dead our Lord Jesus, (who by the blood of an everlasting covenant has become the great Shephord of the sheep), prepare you for every good work, that you may perform his will ; producing in you that which is highly acceptable in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen ! Moreover, I entreat you, brethren, to bear with this word of exhorta- tion ; for I have written briefly to you. Know, that our brother Timothy is sent away ; with whom if he re- turn immediately, I will visit you. Salute all your directors, and all the saints. They of Italy salute you. Grace be with you all. Amen I de- re- THE GENERAL LETTER OF JAMES. Jameb, a Bervant of God, and of the Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes in dispersion, prosperity to you. My brethren, deem it all joy when you fall into various trials ; know- ing that the proof of your faith produces patience. And let patience have its complete operation, that you may be perfect and entire, defi- cient in nothing. Now if any of you want wisdom, let him ask it from God, who im- parts liberally to all, and does not reproach ; and it shall be given him. But let him ask in faith, in no respect doubting. For he that doubts, is like a billow of the sea, driven and tossed by the wind. Let not that man, therefore, think, that he will receive any thing from the Lord. A man of a divided mind is wavering in all his conduct. Moreover, let the humble brother exult in his elevation ; but the rich in his humiliation. Since, as the flower of vegetation he will pass away. For the sun rises with a burning heat, and the vegetation is withered, and its flower falls, and the beauty of its appearance perishes ; thus also, the rich man will fade in his course. Happy is the man who endures temptation ; for being approved, he will receive the crown of life, which the Lord has promised to those who love him. Let no one assert, when he is tempted, I am tempted by God ; for God cannot be tempted by evils, nor does he tempt any one. But every man is tempted, when he is allured and ensnared by his own inordinate propensities. For when desire has originated, it produces sin ; and sin, when it is accomplished, produces death. Be not deceived, my beloved brethren. Every good gift, and every perfect benefit, are from above, and descend from the Father of lights, with whom there is no vicissitude, nor the least variation. Through his own will he produced us by the word of truth, that we might be a kind of first-fruits of his creatures. Therefore, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to anger ; for the anger of man does not produce the . integrity, which God requires. Therefore, discard all impurity, and iniquitous excess, and receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls. But be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. For if any one be a hearer of the word and not a doer, he resembles a man viewing his natural face in a mirror ; for he beholds liimself, and departs, and instantly forgets what description of person he was. But whoever looks into the perfect law of freedom, and continues in the same, this man not being a forgetful hearer, but an accomplisher of the 310 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. •vork enjoined, will be happy in his performance. If any one thinks himself to be religious, and does not restrain his tongue, but deludes his own heart, this man's reUgion is vain. In the view of our God, and Father, this is pure and spotless rehgion, to relieve orphans and widows in their adversity, and to keep himself uncontaminated from the world. My brethren, do not profess the religion of our glorious Lord Jesus Christ, with a partial acceptance of persons. For if a man enters your assembly with a gold ring, in splendid dress, and a poor man also enters in abject raiment ; and you regard him who wears the splendid apparel, and say. Sit here in an honorable place, and say to the poor man. Stand there, or Sit here under my footstool ; do you not make a distinction among yourselves, and are you not judges who reason unjustly. Attend, my beloved brethren, has not God chosen the poor of the world to be rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom which he has promised to those who love ''im 1 But you have dishonored the poor man. Do not the rich severely oppress you, and drag you to the tribunals ? Do they not revile that illustrious name by which you are denominated ? If you absolutely observe the distinguished law according to the scriptures. Thou shalt love tiiy neighbor as thyself, you do well ; but if you partial- ly accept persons, you commit sin, and are convicted by the law as transgressors. For whoever shall obey the whole law, and yet violate one precept, he disobeys the authority of all. For, he who said. Thou shalt not commit adultery, has also declared. Thou shalt do no murder. If therefore, thou art not an adulterer, but commitest murder, thou hast become a violator of the law. Thus speak, and thus act, as those who will be judged by the law of freedom. For there will be judgment without mercy to liim who has shown no mercy ; but mercy will triumph over judgment. What does it avail, my brethren, if any one assert that he has faith, but has not works ? can that fuitii save him ? If a brother or sister be ill-clad, and destitute of daily food : and one of you say to them, De- part in peace, be warmed and replenished ; while you give them not those things which are perHonuliy necessary ; what docs it avail ? Thus, faith also, if it has not works, is dead, being by itself. Indeed, some one may declare. Thou hast faith, and I have works ; show me thy faith without thy works, .;nd 1 will show thee my faith by my works. Thou believest that there is one (Jod ; thou dost well ; the demons also believe and tremble. Hut wilt thou k?iow, delusive man, that the faith, which is without works, is dead T Was not «mr father Abraham pardoned by works, when he offered his son Isaac on the altar ? Dost thou see, that faith co-operated with his works* ; and that laitJ. was consummated by works f agreeably to the scripture which affir ns, Abraham confided in God, and it was conceded to him in refer- ence to forgiveness ; and he was called the friend of (Jod. You per- : " • •- -!• -iiriitt- •.! !ry Tr-.rmr, aiixi 3:;;i s:j i;tjlll UlUy. Moreover, was not Rahub, the hoitesi, in like tnunner, pardoned by JAMES GENERAL LETTER. 341 works, when she entertained the messengers, and sent them out another way ? For as the body without the spirit is dead, so the faith, which is without works, is also dead. My brethren, let not many among you be teachers, conscious that we shall receive a greater condemnation. For in many things all of us offend. If any one offend not in word, he is a perfect man, able also to bridle the whole body. Behold, we place bits in the mouths of horses, that they may obey us ; and we turn their whole body. Behold also the ships, though so great, and agitated by olent winds, yet they are turned by a very small helm, wherever the pi )t pleases. Thus also the tongue is a small member, and greatly boasts. Behold, how extensive a forest a little fire kindles ! And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity. The tongue is so situated among our members, that it pol- lutes the whole body, and inflames the course of nature, and is set on fire by gehenna. Moreover, every kind both of wild beasts and of birds, both of reptiles and marine creatures, is subdued, and has been subdued, by mankind. But no man can subdue the tongue ; it is a lawless evil, full of deadly poison. By it we bless God, even the Father, and by it we curse men, who are made accort, .ig to the likeness of God. From the same mouth proceed blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not so to be. Does a fountain from the same place send forth sweet and bitter water ? Can a fig-tree, my brethren, produce olives ? or a vine, figs ? Neither can salt water produce fresh. Who is wise, and endued with knowledge among you ? Let him manifest by a good conduct the eflects of his wisdom with meekness. But if you have bitter zeal and contention in your hearts, do not boast ; and speak not falsely concerning the truth. This is not the wisdom that descends from above ; but is earthly, sensual, fiend-like. For where bitter zeal and contention are, there disturbance is, and every evil work. But the wisdom which is from above, is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, condescending, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality and dissimulation. And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace for those who make peace. Whence proceed wars and conflicts among you ? Proceed they not hence, from your violent desires which militate in your members ? You earnestly desire, but possess not ; you kill, and invidi«»U8ly strive, but cannot obtain : you fipht and wage war ; yet you have not, because you ask not. You ask, and receive not, because you ask amiss, that you may lavish it upon your pahsions. Iniipiitous beuigs ! know you not, that the friendship of the world is enmity against God ? Whoever therefore desires to be n friend of the world is an enemy of God. Do you think that the scripture speaks in vain 7 Does the Spirit that dwells in us excite to envy ? Indeed, he bestows superior favor. Therefore, it is alleged, God resists the proud, but imparts grace to the iiiiiiii.ic. Suhniii yiiurseives thorotore to God. Resist the adversary, and ho will fly from you. Draw near to God, and ho will draw near to 342 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. you. Cleanse your hands, sinners, and purify your hearts, men of divided minds ! Lament, and mourn, and weep ; let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to sorrow. Humble yourselves before the JLord, and he will exalt you. Brethren, speak not evil of each other. He that speaks evil of his brother, and judges his brother, speaks evil of the law, and judges the law : but if thou judgest the law, thou art not u doer of the law, but a judge. There is one lawgiver and judge, who is able to save and to destroy. Who art thou that judgest another ? Come now, you that say. To-day or to-morrow let us go to such a city, and continue there a year, and negotiate, and acquire gain ; you, who know not the events of to-morrow ! For what is your life ^ It is but a vapor, which appears for a little time, and then vanishes. Where- as, you ought to say. If the Lord permit, and we live, we will do this, or that. But now, you exult in your vauntings : all such exultation is evil. He, therefore, who knows what is right, and does not perform it. IS a transgressor. Come now, rich men, weep and lament over the miseries that are coming upon you. Your wealth is decayed, and your garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver are corroded ; and their rust will testify against you, and eat your flesh like fire. You have accumulated treasure in the last days. Behold, the hire of the laborers who have reaped your fields, which is fraudulently withheld by you, loudly pro- tests ; and the cries of the reapers have entered the ears of the Lord of hosts. You ha 76 lived luxuriously on the earth, and have rioted in sen- suality ; you have nourished your hearts, as in a day of sacrifice. You have condemned, you have murdered the righteous, who did not resist you. Be patient, therefore, brethren, till the appearance of the Lord. Be- hold, the husbandman waits for the valuable fruit of the earth, and is patKi.t f<»r It, till it receive the early and latter rain. Be ye also pa- tient; establish your hearts ; for the coming of the Lord draws near. Do not impatiently murmur against each other, brethren, lest you be judged : behold, the Judge stands before the door. My brethren, take the prophets, who have spoken in the name of the Lord, as an example of suffering afiliction, and of patience. Obnerve, we pronounce those happy, who patiently endure. You have heard of the patience of Job, and have seen the ultimate purpose of the Lord ; for the Lord is very compassionate, and of tender mercy. But above all things, my brethren, swear not, cither by the lieaven, or tlie earth, or by any other oath ; but let your yes be yes, and your no, no ; IpHt you full under condennintion. l)o..« any among you suffer affliction ? let him pray. U any cheer- ful I ht him sing praise to Ood. Is any one among you sick T let him call t,. lum the presbyters of the church ; and let them nrnv nv«r KJs„ nuving anointed him with oil in the name of the Lord : "and the prayer JAMES' GENERAL LETTER. 343 of faith will preserve the sick person, and the Lord will raise him up ; and if he has committed sins, they will be forgiven him. Acknowledge your offences to each other, and pray for each other, that you may be healed. The energetic supplication of a righteous man avails much. Elijah was a man similarly constituted with us ; and he prayed fer /ently that it might not rain ; and it rained not on that land for three years and six months. And he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth put forth her fruit. Brethren, if any one of you deviate from the truth, and one restore him ; let him know, that he who restores a sinner from the error of his way, will save a soul from death, and conceal a multitude of sins. Hi If I] it THE FIRST GENERAL LETTER OF PETER. Petea, an apostle of Je- m Christ, to the strangers dispersed through Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bytliinia; chosen, according to the previous approbation of God the Father, through purification of the Spirit, to obedience, and the sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ, divine favor and peace be multiplied to you. Praised be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who, according to his abundant mercy, lias reproduced us to a living hope, by the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to an inheritance im- perishable, and pure, and unfading, reserved in heaven for you, who arc defended by the power of God, through faith to salvation, prepared to be revealed in tlie last time. In which you greatly rejoice, though now for a short time, if it be requisite, you are afflicted by various trials ; that the proof of your faith, which is more excellent than that of gold' which perishes, though tested by fire, may terminate in praise, and honor, and glory, at the manifestation of Jesus Christ; whom, not hav- ing known, you love ; in whom, though now you see him not, yet believ- ing, you rejoice with joy inexpressible, and full of glory ; receiving the result of your faith, even the salvation of your souls. In respect to which salvation, the prophets, who predicted concerning the goodness of God towards you, earnestly inquired and carefully investigated; searching to what, or to what period of time, the Spirit of Christ which was in them referred, when it antecedently testified the suflferings of Christ, and the glorious events which were to succeed : to whom it was revealed, that not to themselves, but to you, they dispensed these things, which Jire now communicated to you, by those who have proclaimed the gospel among you, through the Holy Spirit sent down from heaven ; whicli things the angels desire reverently to contemplate. Therefore, girding up the loins of y<.ur mind, be sober, and hope to tiie end for the grace whicli will be brought to you at the manifestation of Jesus Christ ; as obedient children, not fashioning yourselves accord- ing to your former excessive desires, in the period of your ignorance : but as he who has called you is holy, so be ye holy in all your conduct ; because it is written. Be ye holy; for I am holy. And if you invoke the Father, who without respect of persons judges according to every man's work, pass the time of your pilgrimage in reverence ; knowing that you were not redeemed by perishable things, — silver or gohl, fnini your unprofitai)le course of life, transmitted from your fathers; hut by the inestimable blood o. Christ, as of a spotless and unblemished lamb ; who indeed, was previously designated before the foundation of the "5-.txf, *fxit rT«f7 fxiuxtiivrrtvu xxi mere lasi iwacs Wl jnUi WHO OJ Slim IfUSt PETER'S FIRST GENERAL LETTER. 346 in God that raised him from the dead, and gave him glory ; so that your faith and hope are in God. Having purified your souls by obedience to the truth, through the Spirit, to an unfeigned, fraternal affection, you will intensely love each other with a pure heart ; having been reproduced, not in a perishable, but an imperishable birth, by the word of God, which lives and remains. For, all flesh is as grass, and all the glory of man as the flower of the grass ; the grass withers, and its flower falls ; but the m ord of the Lord endures forever : now this word is the gospel which has been proclaim- ed to you. Therefore, laying aside all malignity, and all deceit, and hypocrisy, and envy, and all slander, as new-born infants, desire the pure, spiritual milk, that you may thereby advance to salvation ; since you have realized that the Lord is good: to whom coming as to a living stone, rejected indeed by men, but chosen and honorable with God, you also, as living stones, are built up a spiritual temp.., a sacred priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. Because it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I place in Zion a chief corner-stone, chosen, honorable ; and hi who confides in it will not be confounded. The honor, therefore, is to you who believe ; but to those who disbelieve, the stone which the builders rejected, is become the head of the corner, and a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, at which they stumble who believe not the word ; and to this they were disposed. But you are a chosen generation, an illustrious priesthood, a consecrated nation, a purchased people ; that you might exhibit the perfections of him who has called you from darkness to his wonderful light; who formerly were not a people, but are now the people of God ; who had not obtained mercy, but have now obtained it. Beloved, I entreat you as strangers and sojourners to abstain from sensual desires which contend against the soul ; having your conduct good among the Gentiles ; that whereas they speak against you as evil- doers, they may by your good works, which they shall behold, praise God in the day of visitation. Submit yours'lves, therefore, to every human authority in reference to the Lord ; whether it be to the emperor, as supreme ; or to gover- nors, as sent by him for the punishment of those who do evil, and for the praise of' those who do well. Since this is the will of God, that by doing good you should silence the ignorance of inconsiderate men : as free, yet not using your freedom as a cloak of iniquity, hut as the ser- vants of God. Respect all men ; love the brotherhood ; reverence God ; honor the emperor. Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear ; not only tr, the good and gentle, but also to the perverse, i-^.r this is laudable, »( any one, through conscience towards God endures oalamity, suffering un- justly. For what is the glory, if when you trn!!»gi.ig«, and ore beaten, you endure it 1 But if, when you do good, and yoi suffer, you Hhatl bear it patiently, this is comiuonduble before God. Foi to this you 44 34G APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS were called ; because even Christ suffered for you, leaving you an ex- ample that you might follow his footsteps ; who committed no sin, nor was deceit found in his mouth ; who, being reviled, did not revile in re- turn ; when he suffered, he did not threaten ; but resigned himself to the righteous judge, and personally endured our sins in his own body on the cross, that we being emancipated from sins, should live to righteous- ness ; by whose scourges you have been healed. For you were as sheep going astray; but have now returned to the Shepherd and Guardian of your souls. In like manner, wives, be subject to your own husbands ; that if any believe not the word, they also, without the word, may be won by the demeanor of their wives ; having seen your chaste deportment blended with respect. Whose decoration, let it not be that external one, of plaiting the hair, and of wearing gold, and of putting on apparel ; but the internal person of the heart, in what is imperishable, a meek and quiet spirit, which is highly valuable in the sight of God. For thus, in ancient times, the holy women, who trusted in God, adorned themselves, submu'i/ig to their own husbands; as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him her master ; and her daughters you are, while you conduct well, and are not alarmed by any terrors. Husbano.s likewise, dwell with them according to knowledge, ren- dering respect to the woman, as to the more delicate person, and as being joint-heirs of the grace of life ; that your prayers may not be im- peded. Finally, be all of the same mind, sympathetic, affectionate to the brethren, tenderly compassionate, humble-minded ; not returning evil for evil, nor reproach for reproach, but on the contrary, benedictions ; knowing that you were called to this, that you might inherit a blessing. For whoever desires to hve, and to see good days, let him refrain his tongue from evil, and his lips that they utter no deceit ; let him avoid evil, and do good ; let him seek peace and pursue it. For the eyes of the Lord are upon the righteous, and his ears are open to their suppli- cation ; but the face of the Lord is against those that do evil. And who is he that will injure you, if you imitate that which is good. But if you even suffer in the cause of righteousness, you are happy : and be not alarmed at their terrors, nor be troubled ; but consecrate the Lord God in your hearts. And be always prepared to make a defence to every one that soUcits from you an account of the hope which is in you, but with gentleness and respect : having a good conscience, that in what they allege against you as evil-doers, they may be ashamed, who calumniate your good con- duct in Christ. Since it is better, if it h< the will of God, that you suf- fer for doing good, than for doing evil. For even Clinst once suffered for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he tviphi introduce us to God; being indeed put to death in the flesh, but n ored to hfc by the Spirit ; by whicr,. having departed, he proachec; U' the spirits in secure Miem I'ETER'S FIRST GENERAL LETTER. 347 custody ; who formerly disbelieved, when the forbearance of God once earnestly waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was preparing, in which a few, that is, eight persons, were carried safely through the wa- ter. The likeness of which, even baptism, (not the putting away the pollution of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience towards God), now saves us, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ ; who, having gone into heaven, is on the right hand of God, angels, and au- thorities, and powers, being subjected to him. Since therefore, Christ has suffered for us in the flesh, arm yourselves also with the same mind ; (for he who has suffered in the flesh, has ceased from sin) ; so as no longer to pass the remaining time in the flesh according to the passions of men, but according to the will of God : since the preceding part of our life may be sufiicient for us to have wrought the will of the Gentiles, when we walked in licentious- ness, inordinate desires, excess of wine, dissolute revels, intemperate banquets, and lawless idolatries. In respect to which they are greatly astonished, that you run not with them to the same excessive profligacy ; and they speak evil of you ; but they must give an account to him, who is prepared to judge the living and the dead. For this indeed was the effect of proclaiming the gospel to the dead, that some will be chasten- ed as sensual men, but others will lead a spiritual life to God. Moreover, the end of all things is near ; be therefore self-governed, and watchful in prayer. And above all things cherish fervent love among yourselves ; for this love will cover a multitude of sins. Be hospitable to each other without complaints. Let those, who have re- ceived gifts, employ them for mutual benefit, as good stewards of the diversified favor of God. If any one speak, let it be according to the divine oracles ; if any one minister, let it be according to the ability which God supplies ; that in all things God may be honored through Jesus Christ, to whom belong glory and power, for ever and ever. Amen ! Beloved, be not surprised that a fiery persecution occurs among you for your trial, as though some strange thing befell you ; but rejoice, even as you participate in the sufferings of Christ ; that when his glory shall be revealed, you may also be transported with joy. If you are reproach- ed for the name of Christ, you are happy ; because the Spirit of glory, and of power, and of God, rests upon you. By them, indeed, he is reproached ; but by you he is honored. However, let none of you suffer as a murderer, or a thief, or a malefactor, or an officious inspector of others. Yet, if any one suffer us a Christian, let him not be asham- ed ; but let him praise God on this account. For the time is coming, when judgment will begin from the household of God ; and if it com- mence from us, wliat will be the end of those who disbelieve the gospel of God ? And if the righteous bo scarcely preserved, where will the impious and the transgressor annear ? Therefore let th.osfl vahn si-T— 'MH APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. according to the will of God, commit the custody of their souls to him in doing good, as to a faithful creator. The presbyters that are among you I exhort, who am an associate presbyter, and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and also a partaker of the glory which will be revealed ; feed the flock of God which is among you, taking the charge of it, not from compulsion, but volun- tarily ; not from sordid interest, but with a ready mind ; and not as domineering over those allotted to you, but as being examples to the flock. And when the chief Shepherd shall appear, you will receive an unfading crown of glory. Younger persons, likewise, submit to tlie more aged. Indeed, let all be subject to each other, and be clothed with humility ; since God op- poses the haughty, but bestows favor on the humble. Humble your- selves, therefore, under the powerful hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time : having cast all your anxious care upon him, for he cores for you. Be sober, be watchful ; your adversary the false accuser, walks about hke a roaring lion, seeking whom he may devour ; whcm resist, being steadfast in the faith ; knowing that the same sufferings are fully endur- ed by your bretijren who are in the world. Now, the God of all grace, who has called us to his eternal glory in Christ Jesus, when you have suffered a short time, will make you per- fect, will confirm, support, and establish you : to him be the glory and the dominion, for ever and ever. Amen ! I have written to you, as I consider, briefly, by Silvanus, the faithful brother, exhorting you, and earnestly testifying, that this is the true grace of God in which you stand. The christian community at Babylon, jointly chosen with you, salutes you ; and so does Mark, my son. Salute each other with a kiss of love. Peace be with you all who are in Christ Jesus ! THE SECOND GENERAL LETTER OF PETER. Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who have obtained equally valuable faith with ms, through the forgiveness of our God and Saviour Jesus Christ ; grace and peace be multiplied to you, through the acknowledgment of God, and of Jesus our Lord ; even as his divine power has endowed us with the gifts that relate to life and piety, through the knowledge of him who has called us by his own illustrious perfections ; through which he has freely given us exceedingly great and invaluable promises; that by these you may become partakers of a divine nature, having escaped the depravity which is in the world through inordinate desire. And moreover, for this ob- ject, applying all assiduity, unite to your faith resolution, and to resolu- tion knowledge, and to knowledge temperance, and to temperance patience, and to patience piety, and to piety fraternal kindness, and to fraternal kindness love. For if these things exist and abound in you, they will permit you to be neither idle nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. But he who is deficient in these things is blind, short-sighted, having forgotten the purification from his former sins. Therefore, brethren, strive the more sedulously to estabhsh your calling and designation ; since if you do these things, you will never fall. For thuH, nn entrance will be richly administered to you, into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. I will not, therefore, neglect to remind you always of these things ; though you know them, and are established in the present truth. In- deed, I think it right, as long as I am in this tabernacle, to incite you to recollection ; knowing that I must soon put off my tabernacle, even as our Lord Jesus Christ declared to me. And moreover, I will endeavor that you may severally be able, after my departure, to have these things always in remembrance. Further, we have not been pursuing artfully devised fables, while we made known to you the power and appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were personal eye-witnesses of his own majesty. For he received from God the Father honor and praise, when such a voice came to him from the magnificent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I delight. And this voice whicli descended from heaven we heard, when we were with him on the holy mountain. And we have the prophetic word addi- tionally confirmed ; to which you do well to give attention, as to a light shining in a dark place, till the day dawn, and the morning-star rise in your hearts : knowing this first, that no prophecy of scripture proceeds from private impulse. For prophecy came not in any former period by the will of man, but holy men of God spoke, moved by the Holy Spirit. 350 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. However, there were also false prophets among the Jewish people, as there will likewise be false teachers among you, who will artfully intro- duce pernicious factions, even renouncing the Lord who purchased them, and bringing upon themselves speedy ruin. And many will fol- low their impurities ; by whose means the way of the truth will be reviled. And throujrh s-.r-aice they will make a gain of you by their deceitful words ; but "heir kng-threatened sentence does not delay, nor does their df iaicijosj e day is with the Lord as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day. The Lord is not remiss respecting his promise, as sonaMA|ard remissness, but is forbearing towards us ; disposed that none should perish, but that all should come to reformation. Moreover, the day of llie Lord will come as a thief; in which the heavens will pass away with a great explosion and the elements being intensely heated will be dissolved, and the earth and its works will be consumed by fire. Therefore, since all these things will be dissolved, of what character ought you to be in all holy conduct and piety ; earnestly awaiting the occurrence of this day of God, in which the heavens will be dissolved by fire, and the elements will melt with fervent heat. Yet, we, according to his promise, anticipate new heavens and a new earth, in which right- eousness will dwell. Therefore, beloved, expecting these things, dihgently endeavor to be found by him in peace, uncontaminated and irreproachable. And re- gard the forbearance of our Lord as salvation ; even as our beloved brother Paul also, according to the wisdom imparted to him has written to you ; as also in all his letters, speaking in them concerning these subjects ; in which letters are some things difficult to be comprehended, w ich the ignorant and unstable pervert, as they do also other scriptures to their own destruction. Since you, therefore, beloved, are previously informed, beware, lest being seduced by the error of the wicked, you should fall from your own stability. But advance in divine favor, and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. To him be glory, both now, and to the day of eternity* Amen ! THE GENERAL ADDRESS OF JOHN TO CHRISTIANS. Respecting the Word of Life, him who was from the commence- ment, whom we have heard, whom we have seen with our eyes, whom we have attentively beheld, and our hands have realized ; (for, the life was manifested, and we have seen, and testify, and proclaim to you that Eternal Life, which was with the Father, and v as manifested to us) ; him, whom we have seen and heard, we declare to you, that you may also have participation with us ; and indeed, our participation is with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ. And we write these things to you, that your joy may be consummated. Moreover, this is the declaration which we have heard from him, and announce to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all. If we assert, that we have communion with him, and walk in darkness, we speak falsely, and do not conform to the truth : but if we walk in the light, as he himself is in the light, we have communion with each other, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son purifies us from all sin. If we affirm, that wmf^ no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we acknowledge our sins, he is faithful and just to for- give us our sins, and to purify us from all iniquity. If we say that we have not sinned, we charge him with falsehood, and his word is not in us. My beloved children, I write these things to you that you may not sin. And if any one has sinned, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous One, and he is a conciliation for our sins, and not only for ours, but also for those of the whole world. And by this we ascertain that we know him, if we keep his commandments. He who says, I know him, and keeps not his commandments, is false, and the truth is not in him. But whoever observes his word, in him, assuredly, the love of God is accomplished : by this we know that we are in him. He who says that he abides in him, ought himself thus to walk, as he walked. Beloved, I write not a new commandment to you, but an old com- mandment which you had from the beginning. The old commandment is the word which you have heard from the beginning. Again, I write a new commandment to you, which is true in him and in you : for the darkness is passing away, and the true light is now shining. He who alleges, that he is in the light, and hates his brother, is hitherto in darkness. He who loves his brother, abides in this light, and does not stumble. But he who hates his brother, is in darkness, and walks in darkness, and knows not where he goes, because darkness has blinded his eves. JOHNS GENERAL ADDRESS TO CHRISTIANS. 353 I write to you, beloved children, because your sins are forgiven you, through his name. I write to you, fathers, because you have known him who is from the commencement. I write to you, young men, because you have over- come the evil one. I write to you, little children, because you have known the Father. I have written to you, fathers, because you have known him who is from the beginning. I have written to you, young men, because you are strong, and the word of God remains in you, and you have subdued the evil one. Love not the world, nor the things which are in the world. If any one loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him ; for all that is in the world, (the desir: oi t ic flesh, and the desire of the eyes, and the pride of life), is not f.c:.. the Father, but is from the world. And the world passes away, and the desire of it ; but he, who performs the will of God, abides forever. Little children, it is the last time : and as you have heard that anti- christ is coming, thus even now, there are many anti-christs ; by which we know that it is the last time. They departed from us, but they were not of us ; since, if they had been of us, they would have remained with us : yet this occurred, that they might be made apparent ; because all are not of us. But you have a consecration from the Holy One, and know all things. I have not written to you because you know not the truth ; but because you know it, and because no falsehood is from the truth. Who speaks falsely, but he who denies that Jesus is the Messiah ? He is anti-christ, who denies the Father and the Son. No one, who denies the Son, has the Father ; but he that acknowledges the Son, has also the Father. Let that therefore abide in you, which you have heard from the com- mencement. If that which you have heard from the beginning shall remain in you, you will also continue in the Son, and in the Father. And this is the promise which he has made to us, even eternal life. I have written these things to you concerning those who would seduce you. But the anointing which you have received from liim abides in you, and you do not require that any one should teach you : but as this anointing teaches you respecting all things, and is true, and is no deception ; and even as it has instructed you, remain in him. And now, beloved children, abide in him ; that when he shall appear, we may have confidence, and not be ashamed before him at his coming. Since you perceive that he is righteous, you know that every one, who practises righteousness, has been produced by him. Behold, what great love the Father has bestowed on us, that we might be regarded cliildren of God. In this respect the world does not know us, because it knew not liim. Beloved, we are now the children of God, and it is not yet 1. .1, ,.,.. ,^„t „^ KiiuTT mat, Vriieii 116 sHaii DC iiiuiiiicsi' cd, wo sliall resemble him ; for we eftall sec him as he is. And every 45 354 APOSTOLIC PRODUCTIONS. one, who has this hope in him, purifies himself, even as he is pure. Every one who practises sin, also violates the law ; for sin is the viola- tion of the law. And you know that he was manifested, that he might take away our sins ; and that in him there is no sin. He, who remains in him, does not sin ; he who sins, does not see liim, nor know him. Beloved children, let no one deceive you : he, who performs righteous- ness, is rigliteous, even as he is righteous. He, who commits sin, is of the enemy ; since tlie enemy has sinned frctm the beginning. The Son of God was manifested for this purpose, that he might destroy the works of the adversary. He, who has been produced of God, does not commit sin ; for his seed remains in him ; and he cannot sin, because he has been produced of God. In this the children of God are mani- fest, and the children of the adversary. He, who does not perform righteousness, is not of God, nor he, that loves not his brother. For this is the message, which you heard from the beginning, that we should love each other : not as Cain, who was from the evil one, and kill'^d his brother. And why did he destroy him ? Because his own works were evil, and his brother's righteous. Wonder not, my brethren, if the world hates you. We are conscious that we have passed from death to life, because we love the brethren. He, who loves not his brother, remains in death. Every one, who hates his brotlier, is a munlerer ; and you know that no murderer has eternal life remaining in him. In this we have known what love is, that lie surrendered his life for is; and we ought to surrender our lives for the brethren. And whoev«T has the sustenance of this world,* and sees his brother in want, and shuts up his ccunpassions from him, bow dwells tho love of God in him ? My beloved children, lot us not love in w(»rd, or in tongue, but in deed aral in truth. And by this we know that we are of the truth, and shall assure our hearts before him. For if our heart condemns us, God is greater than our heart, 'uid knows all things. Be- loved, if our heart condemns us not, we have confidence before God. Anod in him. And b) thi.4 we know that he remains in us, by the Spirit which he has giv(!n us. Beb.ved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God ; because nuiny false pro|)liets have gone out into the world. By this you know the Spirit of (Jod: every spirit which professes Jesus Christ, who hat: come in the flesh, is of .w^-^-m THE GENERAL LETTER OF JUDE. JuDE, a servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to those who are beloved ia God the Father, called and preserved by Jesus Christ ; mercy, and peace, and love, be multiplied to you. Beloved, when I was intensely desirous to address you respecting the common salvation, it became necessary that I should write to you, en- treating you earnestly to contend for the faith which was once com- municated to the saints. For some men have insidiously crept in, who "ere long since publicly condemned, impious men, turning the grace of our God into licentiousness, and denying the only Sovereign, and our Lord Jesus Christ. Now I wish to remind you, though you are fully instructed in this, that th< Lord, having delivered the people from the land of Egypt, afterwards destroyed those who disbelieved. And the angels who kept not their own principality, but left their appropriate residence, he has reserved in perpetual chains, under darkness, to the judgment of the great day. Thus, Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities around them, in like manner with them, abandoning themselves to impurity, and fol- lowing unnatural passions, are exhibited as an example, suffering the vengeance of perpct'ial lire. And these dreamers, likewise, absolutely pollute the ilesh,llbridc gov- ernment, and traduce authorities. Now Michael the archangel, when engaged in a contest with the fal se accuser, concerning the body of Moses, did not presume to bring a reproachful accusation against Iiim, but said, The Lord reprove you. Yet tiiese revile what intieed they do not understand ; and what they know naturally, as irrational animals, in these they are depraved. Alas for them ! because they have gone in the way of Cain, and rushed on in the error of Balaam for reward, and destroyed themselves by controversy like Korah. These are spots in your love-feasts, when tliey Imnipiet with you, ft'cdiiig themsftlves without restraint : clouds without water, driven away by winds ; trees whose blossoms are withered, sterile, doubly dead, rradi( ..ted ; raging waves of the sen, foaming out to their own disgrace ; wandering nietcjifs, l« whom tho blackness of darkness is perpetually reserved. And moreover, Enoch, the seventh from Adam, prophesied against thent, hclnring, DehoM he Lorti comes with his htily myriads, to ex^- cute juu^jji' ,f upon al id to convict all the itiii|iiit