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Tous les autres exemplaires origiriaux sont filmds en commengant par la premidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmds d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lursque le document est trop grand pour Stre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est film6 d partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mdthode. 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 ^• T H E SCOT IN NEW FRANCE AN ETHNOLOGICAL STUDY. INAUGURAL ADDRESS, Lecture Season i 880-81. READ BEFORE THE LITERARY ANl» HISIORICAL SOCIETY OF QUEBEC, 29th NOVEMBER, 1880. BY J. M. LeMOINE, President, Literary and IfisToniCAL Sociktv, Qiiobec ; — DHegue Eegional de I'lnstilution Eilinoyrufthnjue de I'lirin, — Memhre lAbre de la Sociele Americaine de France; — Honorary MouibtT of the FIiSTOitiCAL Society, of St. Jolin, N. B.; — Currcsponding Member of the Society J/isto- rique, of Montreal; — of tlni Institiit. Vaiiudien, of Ottawii; — of the MasSAOHI SKTTS HlSTOKICAL SOCIETY ) — Of the NeW England Ilixlork-Uenealoyical Society, Boston ; — of the State Histokical Society, of Wisconsin, &c. MONTREAL: DAWSON BKOTIIEHS, PUBLISUKUS, "■^^^^■•■■■■■■■I^ I' / ■MHM^r THE SCOT IN NEW FKANCE AN ETHNOLOGICAL STUDY. INAUGURAL ADDRESS, Lecture Season iSSc-Si. READ BEFORE THE LITERARY AND HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF QUEBEC, 29th NOVEMBER, iSSo. By J. M. LeMOINE, 01 ot. Jolin N. B. i— Corresponding Member of the Socie'ce IliZ ^'^'\\^^^ "''^°^''=-^^'^ealogical 5oe,Vv, Boston ;_ of the State Histokical ^ucujy, cf Wisconsin, &c. MONTREAL: DAWSON BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS, 188L ^^•WaMHBHM " 149499 Leno/Aje J ^ ,v) Entered according to Act of Parliament of Canada by Dawson Brothers in the Oniec of the Master of AoTim,it„,» :„ *u 100, ^ ^"'"'^ the Master of Agriculture in the year 1881. V •^ ^ 4 •^ ^ •^1 •^ x 17^ THE SCOT IN NEW FRANCE, 1535-1880. weia j ^:r ?.f'7-' -»"»-icati„„ ,o make. Since tlh CiTv \ K ^''''^^^""y' I'°>-d Lome, has honored office'^' '^ '"•"""' "' ^'"'•°»' -l^'-'S his term of Ladies and Genti.emen,-I„ a paper headed " The iimc .since to place on record the results nf ^„v ~.hes in Canadian History, and thus to Xef sol set 'e::rctii:rr"w^vr'"""'^''" -^'"^ «" ii vdJidQian sou. We felt a sincere nlea."i';iwChUii ''■™^'' '^'»"^^' — These ethnoiogical studies, superficial as thcv raw be wcntond to prosecute, with respect to othtfSs i n our na„™al,ty: this erenin,. vvc have selected a br n,h A mark of distinction, as unexpected as it vvas unsoli ■■■■■Ni propriafe he imagines, the selection of an Ethnographical subject, like the one which will engage onr attention this evening ; without further preamble, we will venture to discuss this subject. Under the title "LesEcossais en France," &c., there appeared, some time since, a French work, in two robust quarto volumes — the result of twenty-five years of con- scientious research by a French savant, Monsieur Fran- cisque Michel. It purports to recapitulate, among other things, the career on French soil of Scotchmen, ever since the days of Wallace, ambassador to France, down to modern times. Monsieur Michel, of a certainty, has suc- ceeded in investing with deep interest the enquiry he has originated. With your permission, we will, to-night, attempt to in- vestigate a cognate portion of his subject, from an ethno- logical point of view, using the light he has thrown on the aims and aspirations of Scotchmen in old France to follow the footsteps of their compatriots in New France — we mean, in the present Province of Quebec — hereto- fore, that of Lower Canada. Ladies and Gentlemen, — It shall be our aim to point out to you the traces left by t^cotchmen, in Canadian history, in and round Quebec, from the dawn of Canadian history to modern times. In those sanguinary passages- at-arms, by land and by sea, w^hich have made of our town and its environs classic ground, oft' s^hall we meet with the brawny descendant of Bruce and of Wallace, fearlessly brandishing dirk or claymore in the busiest part of the fray, his motto. " Let us do or die.' Sandy, full fledged, is a many-sided individual. A man of war — we will also find him a successful tiller of the soil — leading in the mart of commerce — in the bank parlor — at the head of powerful trading ventures — in the lism-it n e k e wilds of Hudson's Bay — in the Editor's sanctum — in the groves of " Academe" — in the forum — in the Senate ; more than once " the o])scrved of all observers" — at the top of the social ladder — his sovereign's trusted represen- tative. For all that, we dare not promise you, for the frugal, sell-reliant Scot transplanted to the green banks of the St. Lawrence, such a seductive portraiture — such a glamour of romance — as surrounds the persevering and oft' adversity- taught soldier — successful diplomat — scholar — artist, &c.. to whom Monsieur Michel introduces his readers on the vine-clad hills and sun-lit valleys of the Loire, the Garonne, and the Seine. The arena of the Scot in Canada is more limited ; less attractive, the prizes rewarding success ; less far-resound- ing, the clarion of his fame on Canadian soil. "With every desire to enlarge our canvass to its utmost, we must be content to rest our enquiry, at the arrival on our shores of the first Europeans, in lo35, — that hardy band of explorers sent out by Francis I, and who claimed the soil by right of conquest, from the verilables enfants du sol, — the Hurons, Iroquois or Algonquius, of Stadacone. A crew of one hundred and ten, manned Jacques Car- tier's three vessels : the Grande Hermine, the Petite Her- mine, and the Emerillon ; out of this number, history has l)reserved the names of eighty-one persons.'^ Were Cartier's followers all French ? One can scarcely arrive at that conclusion, judging from the names and surnames of several. You cannot mistake where William of Guernesey " Guillaume de Guernese," hailed from. There is equally, an un-french sound about the name of Pierre Esmery diet Talbot. "Heme Henry," seems to us an easy transmutation of Henry Herue or Hervey. We once knew at Cap Rouge, near Quebec, a worthy Greenock * The remainder having died, chiefly from scurvy, during the winter of 1535-6, on the banks of the Kiver St. Charles. (See Appendix. Letter. A ,) l^iniiH!;.'';irH3:4)ir5iil4i"Uli!::i!W:^^^^ pilot whose name was Tom Evereli ; in the next genera- tion a singular change took place in his patronymic ; it stood transformed thus : Evereli Tom. Evereli Tom, in the course of time, became the respected sire of a numer- ous progeny of sons and daughters : Jean Baptiste Tom, Norbert Tom, llenriette Tom, and a variety of other Tom. An ingenious Quebec Barrister, in a curious paper, read at the annual Concert and Ball of the St. Patrick's Society at Montreal, 16th January, 1872, has pointed out much more startling transformations in some unmistakable Irish names, to be met with in the Church Registers. "Who could giiCHB, asks John O'KiUTell, that * Tec Corneille Aubiy,' inurried ut (Quebec, on the 10th September, 1670, was un Irishman ? Yet the Register leaves no room nor doubt upon the subject ; ho was the son, says the Register, of " Connor O'Bren- nan," and of llonorah Janhour, of 8t. Patrick's (Diasonyoen), Ireland, his real name being "Teague Cornelius O'Brennan." In this connection, 1 may mention that, when I was pursuing my studies in the College at Quebec, our Rector was the Rev. Dr. Aubry, a worthy and pious Divine, and one of three brothers in the Priesthood in Lower Canada, and the uncle of two other young Canadian clergymen. Dr. Aubry, until quite recently, lived in the firm belief that he was of purely French extraction ; in fact, if my memory serves me right, he used i)layfully, at times, to pull my little ears for being, as he used playfully to say, such a wicked little Irlandais. Now the researches of Father Tanguay, in the musty old Church Registers of Lower Canada have revealed the astounding fact that Dr. Aubry is, after all, a countryman of our own, an Irlandais, a lineal descendant of that Teague Cornelius O'Brennan ; another of his descendants is Parish Priest in the town of St. John's, near this city, Montreal. Who, again, I ask, but one able to answer the sphinx, could fancy that Jean Houssyo dit Bellerose was an Irishman. He was so nevertheless; was married here on the 11th October, 1671 ; and as the Register attests, he was born in the Parish of St. Law- rence O'Toole, Dublin, and he was the son of Matthew Hussey and of Elizabeth llogan, his wife, both Dubliners and both under the protoclioii of thsit Irish Htiint, O'Toolo. If T mi.stako not, Mr. liellerose, tho morabor for Luval, can trace back hl.s pedi^Too to our friend Jack Ilu.shey, from Dublin. Thut? also we tincl Jean Baj)tiwte Reil, married at Isle du Pads, on the 2]st Jainiary, 1704; he is surnamed ^^ Sansouci,'' which we may translate either " careless" or " De'il may care" as we please; this " Reil" is doscriljed in the Register as having been a native of St. Peter's Parish, in the City of Limerick, in Ireland; from the closeness of the dates, 1(598 and 1704, from the singular nick-name {sansoiwi) he bore with liis comrades, and from the consonance, "Eiel" and Rielly, I should bo inclined to think that our Isle du Pads friend was Jack Rielly, the do'il-may-care, all the way from Limerick, and that he must have taken and given some hard knocks under Sarsfield. This " Riel" or Rielly, as he should be called, is the direct ancestor of "Louis Riel" of Red River fame; and this fact may serve to account for the close friendship subsisting between Riel and O'Donohoe." — (^O'Farrelt's Address, 1872.) It only remains to our antiquarian confrere to present Senator Bellerose and Louis Riel, with a shamrock on each St. Patrick's Day, so that they may not forget their newly fledged nationality. Another of Cartier's companions rejoices in the name of •' Michel Herue," this mightily sounds in our ears like Michael Harvey, one of the Murray Bay Harveys, of Major Nairn ; amidst these now silent and shadowy discoverers of 1535, several names impress us as not being French. None remained in Canada, except those whom scurvy or accidental death struck down in their ice-bound quarters at Stadacone, — opposite to where our city now stands. Did any, and if so, how many hail from the Highlands or Ijowlands of " auld Scotia "? Would you be surprised to find, in the days of Champlain, a full fledged Scot — an extensive landed proprietor — the father of a large family? Who has not heard of the King's St. Lawerence pilot — Abraham Martin dit I'Ecossais ? ''Abraham Martin alias ^^^§WMW^M\;^v;-'^MM^^^^^^^^Mii^l\t^^MM 8 the Scot." Can there be any room for uncertainty about the nationality of this old salt=^, styled in the Jesuits' Journal, "Maitre Abraham," Master Abraham, and who has bequeathed his name to our world-renowned battle- field—the Plains of Abraham? Mr. O'Farrell, how- ever, patriotically claims Martin as a fellow-country- man. When Admiral Kirke's squadron f in the name of Charles I to^k possession of Quebec on the 9th August 1629, Abraham Martin did not desert the land of his adoption, to return to France. He manfully stuck to the old rock. AVith his wife, Marie Langlois, his children and a few others — twenty-two all told, he seems to have cheerfully accepted the new regime which lasted three years. Master Abraham, the SoOt, for ought we know to the contrary, may have experienced but mild regret at seeing a new Crovernor of Scotch descent, Louis Kirke, the Cal- vinist, hoist his standard on the bastions of Fort St. Louis, evacuated by Grovernor de Champlain, who, on the 24th July, 1G29, had sailed for England ; "more than one hun- dred of his French followers also sailed in a ship of 250 tons," provided by Capt. Louis Kirke, the new master of Quebec. Whether he fraternised in any way with the new Grov- ernor or his protestant Chaplain, he fails to say: the "ancient Mariner" Abraham, a species of practical "Captain Cuttle," having like the rest of the French garrison, lived " on roots for months" previous to the capitulation, no doubt he took his fair share of the good things distributed — the food and raim^mt — liberally given out by Kirke, to that degree, adds Kirke's biographer, " that many of the •LcuLs Kirke, was a hrother to Sir David Kirke, William and Thomas Kirke. Louis a former wine Merchant at Bordeaux, was, by his father's side, of S( (jttish ori^'in ; his niotlur was a native of Dieppe. t The First En(;li.sh Coxque.st of Canada, by Henry Kirke, M. A., B. C.L. OxoH; London, 1871. f»i*»*mii:\~,i. poor French and half castes, chose to stay under h's com- niand at Quebec, rather than undergo the horrors of an annaKofK"'7'''i'''-^^' ^'^- ^'^"*^' ^^^^^'-' -« ^'^^ annals of Kirkes administration, at Quebec, (1629-32). His Reverence, the Chaplain, pays a visit to the Jesuits' residence, opposite Hare Point, on the St. Charles Thev present him with paintings and books; a mutinv breaks out , the Chaplain was suspected of having a fino-er in it • Governor Kirke has him committed to prison. " r ^'\V'M' his services are sought to christen Monsieur Couillard's little daughter-the disciple of Luther per- d s endant of Governor Louis Kirke, quotes from English fctate 1 apers, a curious inventory of the armament of the hTl ^ ^^^"■^) «^^«rn to, on the 9th Nov., 1629, at London, by bamuel de Champlain. before the Kight Worshipful vSi Henry Martin, Knight, Judge of the High Court of Admiralty (Pa^e 75): there were, it seems,^iartins in London as well as at Quebec in those days. We shall re- serve this Inventory for another occasion. The oxhaustless research of our antiquarians has un- earthed curious particulars about this Scotch sea-farin«- man__the number,* sex and age of his children his specu°- lations m real estatef-his fishing ventures in the lower Anne, Marguurite, Helen,', Maiie, Adrien, ^Magdeteine, Barbara. liorn in 1614. 1G21. 1627. I6H5. IG.tS. 1640. 164:! (1 « u K (( Charles Amador, « I648,' the first Canadian ordained as a Priest. 1G46, byAdrien Duchesne, surgeon on board of M ,i . r *• ^,' ham,) had been conceded bv the Cuniivmv of K.^ v l.uchesne, on the 5th April, 1639. '' ' '''''"■' '"^ ^''"^"^ HsW-SiiHtJ^i 10 St. Lawrence ;^ sometimes, we lighten tid-bits of historical lore anent Master Abraham, not very creditable to his morality ; once, he gets " into chancery ;"t as there is no account of his being brought to trial, let us hope the charge was unfounded ; a case of blackmail, originated by some "loose and disorderly" character of that period or by a spiteful policeman ! On the 8th Sept., 1664, the King's Pilot closed his career, at the ripe age of 75. Were Cartier's, were Champlain's Scots, the descend- ants of those adventurous sons of Caledonia, who, at an earlier date, had sought their fortunes in France, and had so materially helped to turn the scale of victory at the battle of Beauge, under Charles VII ? Who can ever tell ? Those familiar with the history of the colony since its foundation, have doubtless noted the studied and uniform policy which once provided Quebec with French laws, French fashions, French officials, French soldiers and set- tlers, making it a species of close borough to other races, the natural result of the colonial policy of the period. They can scarcely expect to find many foreigners among its denizens under Champlain. Few indeed there were. Wolfe's conquering legions inaugurated an entirely new order of things. A Scotch face however might have been met with in our streets, before that era, and a pleasant one too. Five years previous to the battle of the Plains of Abraham, one comes across three genuine Scots, in the streets of Quebec — all however prisoners of war, taken in the border raids — as such under close surveillance. One, * " Ce moys (juin 1648). Mre. Abraham, auec deux de ses gendres, s'en alia pour la lerefois a pesche des iDups-marlns ; il en prit la veille de la St Jean 42, a I'lsle Rouge, pioche de Tadoussac, dont il fit 6 bariques d'huile." — {.Jesuits' Journal, p, 111.) t "Le 19 (Janvier 1649) premiire execution de la main du bourreau sur vne creature de 15 on 16 ans, laronesse. On accusiit en meme temps M. Abraham de I'auoir violee ; il en fut en prison, et son proces diflere a I'ar- rivee des vaisseuux " — {.hsuiU' Journal, p. 120.) »iii«j»niiMi t » n > n i tm iim m iii «ni i nm i m ii n w n »tB in mMm»»m»tii 11 a youthful and handsome officer of Virginia riflemen, aged 27 years, a friend of Governor Dinwiddie, born in Glasgow in 1727 — had been allowed the range of the for- tress, on parole. His good looks, his education, smartness (we use the word advisedly) and misfortunes seem to have created much sympathy for the captive, but canny Scot. A warm welcome awaits him in many houses — the French ladies even plead his cause ; le beau capitaine is asked out; no entertainment at last is considered com- plete, without Captain — later on Major Robert Stobo. The other two are ; Lieutenant Stevenson, of Rogers' Rangers another Virginia corps, and a Leith carpenter of the name of Clarke. Stobo, after more attempts than one, eluded the French sentries, and still more dangerous foes to the peace of mind of a handsome bachelor — the ladies of Quebec. He broke his parole and deserted. He will re-appear on the scene, the advisor of General Wolfe, as to the best landing place round Quebec -.^ doubtless, you wish to hear more about the adventurous Scot. A plan of escape between him, Stevenson and Clarke, was carried out on 1st May, 1759. " Major Stobo met the fugitives under a wind-mill, probably the old wind- mill on the grounds of the General Hospital Convent. Having stolen a birch canoe, the party paddled it all night, and, after incredible fatigue and danger, they passed Isle-aux-Coudres, Kamouraska, and landed below this spot, shooting two Indians in self-defence, whom Clarke buried after having scalped them, saying to the Major ; " Good sir, by your permission, these same two scalps, when I come to New York, will sell for twenty- four good pounds ; with this I'll be right merry, and my wife right beau." They then murdered the Indians' faithful dog, because he howled, and buried him with his ♦ "He pointed out," say the Memoirs, "tlie place to land, where after- wards they did, and were successful." — (Page 70.) .ffi/ii.t h rtli3schambault to seize, as prisoners, the Quebec ladies who had taken refuge there during the bombardlment — " Mesdames Duchesnay and Decharnay Mile Couillard, the Joly, Malhiot and Magnan families.'' *' Next day, in the afternoon, les belfes captives, who had • rttn u vnu jt nttHf^ 13 been treated with every species of respect were put on shore and released at Diamond Harbour. The English admiral, full of gallantry, ordered the bombardment of the city to be suspended, in order to afford the Quebec ladies time to seek places of safety."* The incident is referred to in a letter communicated to the Literary and Historical Society by Capt. Colin McKenzie. (1) Stobo next points out the spot, at Sillery where Wolfe landed, and soon after was sent with despatches, via the St. Lawrence, to Greneral Amherst ; but, during the trip, the vessel was overhauled and taken by a French priva- teer, the despatches having been previously consigned to the deep. Stobo might have swung at the yard-arm in this new predicament, had his French valet divulged his identity with the spy of Fort du Quesne ; but fortune again stepped in to preserve the adventurous Scot. There * See Journal du SU'ge de Quebec, 1759 ; J. G. Panet : p. 1"). (1) Extract from a Letter of a Volunteer in Wolfe's army, presented to the Literary and Histodical Society, by Captain Colin McKenzie, of H. M. 78th Ross-shii'e Buffs — Highlanders. " On board of the Stirling Castle, two miles below Quebec, 1 759. ' •' The ravages of war are truly terrible, but may be rendered still more so, if cruelty grows wanton. Happily this is not the temper of Britons, whose natural hum.inity forbids their sporting with real distress. Some severity became necessary to curb the pride of an insulting enemy, and to convince them we were actually in earnest. Hence proceeded those devastations already mentioned, which drew from the Governor of Quebec a sort of nmotistranie, addressed to our commanding officer, with a menace to this effect. >' That if the English did not desist from burning and destroying the country, he would give up all the English prisoners in his power to the mercy of the Indian savages." To this threat our spirited commander is said to have sent a reply to the following purport : " That his Excellency could not be unapprizedof his having in his pi>ssessi()n a considerable number of fair hostages ; that as to the prisoners he might do as he pleased; but, at the same time, he might be assured, that the very in- stant he attempted to carry his threats into execution, all the French lauuaHuuttHMailj{{jj the 84th^ or Rm/nl Emii>;nint^, with recruits from Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland, cScc, sprung up, under Lt- Colonel Allan McLean, of the late 104th Highland Regi- ment, Captains Malcolm and Hugh Fraser, lateof the 78th. This corps was installed in our *' grim and stern keep, which watches over the city." Such is the conlidenoe placed in the skill and bravery of Colonel McLean that the staunch little garrison, 1,800 strong, is placed under his orders by iSir Cruy Carleton. During the agony of that dreadful winter of siege, famine, small pox, with traitors in and out of the city; with Crown Point, Fort St. John, Chambly, Montreal, Sorel, Three Kivers, in fact every foot of ground round Quebec (except that enclosed by the walls) in the possession of the New England and New York soldiery, the Scotch commander was found to be " the right man in the right place." Aided by the Regulars — by the Canadian Militia, under brave Colonels Dupre and La Maitre, — by the English Militia under Col. Henry Caldwell, — by British seamen, Masters and Mates, led by Capt. McKenzie and Capt. Hamilton, Col. McLean, under the eye of Cruy Carleton, proudly upheld the banner of Merry England on the bastions of Quebec, but there only ill all New France. Once the flag of Britain was firmly implanted in Canada, the Scot turned his mind to new fields of enterprise — to commerce and the tilling of the soil. 'Tis a pleasing spectacle to witness, later on, the sub- stantial acknowledgment of services rendered, made by • Two Battalions — Embodied in 1775 — IIk(;imented in 1778. " \»i battalion was to bo raised from tbe Hitciiland Emigrants in Canada, and tbe discliarged men of the 42nd, of Fiasir's and Moiittromeiy's }Ii,!,'ldander.s who had si ttlod in North America aft r tie p' ace of 1703. Lieut-Colonel Allan McLean (son of Forlish) of the late 104th Highland Regiment was ap- pointed Lieut-Colonel Commandant of the 1st battalion. The men of the 1st battalion settled in Canada; tho.se of the 2nd in Nova Scotia, foiminga settle- ment which tliey named Douglas, Many of the officers, however, relmned home." — (Brown's History of the Hkjhlands, vol, IV., p. 309. 3' ^t|t:s;tttif<»i »t'?f«gSSS«3l|at»»«Siimr,J!^^ 84 the liiitish Government, in pvants ol" land to Scotch Koldiers. Valuable seigniories are conceded to their officers; thus, Major Nairn, of the Roi/al Emigrants, received a patent lor the Fief ol' Murray Bay, on the I^ower St. Lawrence, while his lompanion-at-arms, Lieutenant Malcolm Fraser, had, on 27th April, 1762, obtained the adjoining seigniory, Mount Murray, bounded to the west by the river Murray or Mai IJaie, to the east by the Riviere Noire — running three leagues into the interior. Their lollowers and retainers crowded around them ; soon a whole Scot( h colony nourished round the bay or on the highlands ol' this picturesque spot, which in many particulars reminds one oi' the glens and gorges of Scot- land : to this day many hamlets resound with the names ol' McLean, McNichol, Blackburn, Warren, Harvey, Mi- Niell, old 78th men, albeit the name only now survives. Alliances with the French Canadian peasantry, have ob- literated all trace of a Celtic nationality, though the descendants of the famous l^airds of 1762, Major Nairn and Lieut. Fraser still hold their own in their snug and solid old Manors. Fraser's Highlanders settled all over Lower Canada ; their descendants now number (it is said) more than 8,000. Scarcely a parish in the Lower St. Lawrence without some off'-shoot I'rom the parent tree : at Levis, Beaumont, St. Michel, St. Vallier, St. Fran9ois, St. Thomas, St. Andre, Kiviere-du-Loup, Restigouche, Mata- pedia, &c. There are, however, populous settlements of Scotch — such as that of Metis — which do not hail from the Fraser Highlanders. This colony w^as formed in 1823, by the late J. McNider of Quebec. There are wealthy Scots in the Baie des Chaleurs, who do not trace either to Fraser's Hig-hlanders or to the U. E. Loyalists of 1783 — such as the Laird of Cluny Cottage, Wm. McPherson, Esq., for thirty- ,4:ta;(:i>j;a(i;t:.-ntirfU:sm>i«nMtiH{:VI 85 lour yoars Mayor of Port Daniel, and wlio had settled there in 183S. * kSeveral Scotch United Empiri' Loyalists, in 1783, coming from the adjacent United States Provinces, settled at the 13aie des Chaieurs, as well as at New Carlisle, under the l)rede('essors oi' Lieut.-Governor Major Nicholas Cox ; at Sorel — on the Bay ol' Quinte, — at Douglastown on (Jaspe Bay ; at th»> latter i>lace, the seignior of Crane Island, in 1803, Daniel M. IMieison, Esq., t had settled about 1700 with the Annetts, Collins, Murisons, Kennedys, and other U. E. Loyalists. Many are the ethnological changes, in Lower Canada, ushered in by British rule : and with the experience of the past, varied indeed will be in a hundred years hence the rich concrete, composing our nationality, if the blind Clod of love should continue to shoot his tUris in de- liante of race, language or creed. If Sandy shewed a /lenclinnt for the bright ej 'osettes of New France, French families even those with the bluest blood, were not averse to Scotch or English alliances ; in proof whereof, you will lind at the end of this paper a list of military marriages and some ethnological notes which may startle you. * Born on the lUli October, 1808, in Inverncsshire, Seotliuul, not far from the field of Culloden, and emigrated willi IiIk family to tlie liaie des Cluildtm in 1810. Was elected mayor of Port Daniel in 18l;5 and continued mayor until If 77. — :!4 year^i. t Daniel McPherson, a noted l^. E. Loyalist, liorn at Inverness, Scotland in 1 752, resided at Surel fust, wliere he married a Aliss K>:lly: lie left fiorel some time about 1700 for Douglastown, Gasjie ; engaged in the firheries and in agricultural pursuits with success, opened subsequently a lavgu fishery stand at Point St. Peter, Gaspe ; he died at St. Thomas, Montmagny, in June, 1840, aged 88 years. Tlie lecturer, whose youth was spent under his grand- father's hospitable roof from 1828 to 18:!8, by his motlier Miss M. MePher.son, is the grand-son of this resjjected old U. E. Loyalist, after whom he was named James (MePherson) LeMoine : liis French ancestors hailed from Plstre, near Rouen, in Normandy, and were closely connected with the other cele- brated Noiman family, LeMoine de Longueuil. li^rtiiifti i rm iiw&^Ha SiiJ! 86 The widow of the third Baron de Longueil Charles Jacques LaMoine gave her hand in marriage at Montreal, on the 11th September, 1770, to the Hon, William Grant, Receiver General of the Province, while on the 7th May, 1781, Capt. David Alexander Grant, a nephew of the Hon. AV. Grant, led to ihe altar her daughter, who subsequently assumed the title of Baroness de Longueuil; Charles Colmore Grant, a lineal descendant, now inherits the B.ironial title in Canada by warrant of H. M. Queen Vic- toria, published in the London Gazette, * of 7th Dec. 1880. Later on, we find the haughty Scotch family of Lennoxf connected by marriage with the jroud and warlike family of LaCorne de St. Luc. It furnishes quite a curious study to follow the chain of events, and to see how antipathies of race fade away be- fore the harmonizing influence of Hymen. Scotch as well as English olHrors, of Montreal and Quebec, are united to the best French blood in the colony : thus we have such noted names as D<'Gaspc, Duchesnay, de St. Ours, DeSalaberry, Paiift, LeMoine, de Longueuil, de Monte- nach, Coursol, Si< otte, Duval, Chauveau, changing to Stuart, Fraser, Campbell, Hatt, Herbert, McPhert ^n. * Thin >rrac< fill ncoiiiiitidri of tlio moKt distinguiKhocl Fit nih luiiise in Canada is re|iuliiisli< d iindtr autlKnity of tljo Dominion Uoviirnment in the Cinad'i (liizeltf. ol 2-nd January 1881, as followK : Extract from the London Gazette of tlie 7tli day of De( ember, 1880. Downi.no Sthiet, Dectmlier 4, 1880. '•Tlio Qmen has hv.m j^racioiisly pic iis( d to n cognizt; tlie claim of Chailtt! Coiinorc Grant. lOsii , to the title of Baron de Longiieiiii, in tlie Province of (jiind. General Murray, by his cool bravery, had won the respert of all parlies. If the check his impetuous valor at the })attle of Ste. Foye, subjected him to, ibr a time earned for him the epithet of "rash,"=*it never cast a slur, either on his courage in action, or his wisdom as an able and hu- mane administrator. Murray seems to have made the same mistake as Montcalm had done ; rushing- out with inferior forces to meet the enemy, not trusting- to the fortifications of Quebec. Though he was much out- numbered on the 28th April, 1700, it must not be forgotten that he occupied a good po.sition on the Ste. Foye and St. Louis heights, with an excellent park of artillery, in all twenty-two guns, while the French had but two. Here again, Fraser's Highlanders previously decimated by famine and scurvy, but unsubdued, shed liberally their life-blood. For the French it was a brilliant, but bootless victory, and one which merely allowed them, on leavino- the country, to shake hands as ccjuals with their brave opponents. Murray held his own in the city, despite the pursuit of a valiant foe flushed with victory. Relief came early in May following ; and with Lord Amherst, on the 8th Sep- tember 1760, he completed the subjugation of Canada by the cai^itulation of Montreal. • Soe Ai)i)enclix Letter E. 38 On his return to England, he was rewarded by a higher ■ command. " General Murray, says his biographer, was subsequently distinguished lor his gallant, though unsuc» oessful defence of Minorca, in 1781, against the Due de Crillon, at the head of a large Spanish and French lorce. De Crillon, despairing of success, endeavored to corrupt the trusty and gallant Scot, offering him the sum of one million sterling for the surrender of the fortress. Indig- nant at this attempt. General Murray immediately ad- dressed the following letter to the Duke : "Fort St. rhillip, IGth October, 1781. "When your brave ancestor was desired by his sovereign to assassinate the Duke de Guise, ho returned the answer which you should have thought of, when you attempted to assassinate the character of a man whose birth is as illustrious as your own, or that of the Duke de Guise. I can have no further communication with you but in arms. If you have any humanity, pray send clothing for your unfortunate prisoners in my possession ; leave it at a dis- tance to be taken up for them, because I will admit of no contact for the future, but such as is hostile in the most inveterate degree."' There is a true ring here I One feels better after read- ing such sentiments. You cannot mistake that proud sense of duty, which had actuated the Scot on French soil, three centuries previous, — death preferable to dishonor — a sentiment which had won for him the well known epithet, "Fier comme un Ecossais." The Duke de Crillon's reply was characteristic : ''Your letter, said he, restores each of us to our places ; it confirms me in the high opinion I have always had of you. I accept your last proposal with pleasure." General James Murray, closed his career in 1701 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, llaydn adds that alter his death, on his corpse being opened for the pur- •Ufurt::;:uii!i i<)MMMIMIMilMIIIMIfi pose of being embalmed, many bullets by which he had been wounded last in Germany and Canada, were extracted. " Of the Scots connected with Canada during the period from the conquest to th(j war of 1812, there are some who seem to require special notice. One of these was Sir "William Grant, the third Attorney General of Quebec, born in 1754, at Elchies on the Spray, in the North of Scotland. His distinguished judical career has no con- nection with Canada, and he was only temporarily a res- ident in this country, during a brief period from 177'5. When he returned home. Lord Thurlow said of him : " Be not surprised if that young man should one day occupy this seat," — and it is stated that he might have occupied the wool-sack but refused it. He lilled high judical offices in England, being successively Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas and Master of the Rolls." R.vtthay's Scot in British North. America, P. 313.) Later on, two eminent Scotchmen found a resting place in th<^ vaults of the; English Cathedral at Quebec. Lieut. Governor Peter Hunter, in 1805, the brother of two cele- brated physicians, John and William Plunter ; and our then Governor-in-Chief, the Duke of Richmond, on 4th September 1819. Li that long list of Viceroys charged with the adminis- tration of Canada from our first Scotch Governor Murray, to our present, the Marquis of Lome, more than one ex- hibited the distinctive, the most commendable traits of the Scotch character. In the critical times of the first Empire, in 1807, when Englaiid, in addition to her gigantic struggle with Napoleon I, expected (and was not disap- pointed) a war with the United States, the reins of office, in Canada were confided to a Scotchman, Creneral Sir James Craig; and if there were faults in the tried old soldier, 'twas not want of nerve, want of back-bone, in the hour of danger, f t See Appendi.K Letter F. 40 Later on, when the ashos ol' insurrection wen^ still hot, and the eommo.iwealth required a firm but humane hand to allay civic strife, another Scot — a descendant of the ])ruct» — James, Earl of ]<]luin, was sent out. Tliis^ bril- liant orator and successful statesman lived to see his arduous mission on Canadian soil rewarded by his Sovereign; hig-h diplomatic functions were entrusted to him in China and .Tapan ; his courage and loresiuht, on the breaking out of the Indian mutiny in 1857, by daring i.i the nick of time, to divert from China the Jjritish ex- peditionary forces sent out and ordering them to Calcutta, 'twas thought, saved India to England. * In Scptembfr, 1851, in company with a ninch rcspc( tctl fiicii'l, V. X. Garneau, tiic Canadian liistori m, and a cruwd of pnosts invited to tin; lioston Jubilee, it was uiir pood fortune to attend tlio ^rreat civic entertainment tendered in the Boston Common, by tlie liospitablo city Government of Boston to Lord Eluin liis (,'abinet and twenty tlionsand guests. 'I'boiigli several of tlie master minds of the Great Republic, Hon. Daniel Webster, Hon. Mr. Everett, Mr. Putnam and others, entranced their many bearers by their powerful or graceful oratory, we can yet recall the sentiments of pleasure with which the audicmc, anil of pride, with whidi ourselves in par- ticular, listened to the flowing pericxis of our Vice-lloy. It was not the first, it was not the last triumph his elociuence achieved on United States Territory. His able liiographer fiwnishes the following anecdote: "Some years afterwards, says Walrond, when speaking of these festivities, tlie Mayor of Buffalo said: "Never shall I forget tlie admiration elicited by Lord Elgin's beautiful speech on tliat occasion. Upon the American visitors (who it must be confessed, do not look for the highest order of intellect in tlie appointees of the Crown) the effect was amusing. A sterling Yankee friend, while the Governor was spiaUing, sat by my side, and occasionally gave vent to his f elings as tlie sp ech progressed, each sentence increasing in beauty and eloquence, by sucli approving exclamations as " He's a glorious fellow ! He ought to boon our side of the line! We would make him mayor of our city! " As some new burst of eloquence breaks from the speaker's lips, my W'.rthy friend exclaims " How magnifnently he talks ! Yes, by (ieorge! we'd make him governor, governor of the State!' As the noble Earl, by some brilliant hit, carries the assemblage with a full round of applause, " Ah I ' cries my Yankee friend, with a hearty slap on my shoulder, by Heaven, if he were on our side, wed make him I'resi' geu'ralions ; this felicity has bclallen us to-nig-ht by the discovery of two authentic records, one of 1802, the other of ISoo, unexpectedly placed in our hands. The siq;- natures affixed thereto, ena])le us to reconstruct the little Scotiisli world of Quebec for both these periods ; let us raist' a slig-ht corner of the veil ! Several of the bearers of these names, respected pro- fessional men or leading merchants, in 1802, are ten- derly remembered by thi'ir grandsons to this day ; some have left foot-prints " on the sands of time." The first of these documents is a Memorial to His Majesty George III., sig'ued at Quebec, on the 5th October 1802, by the Rev. Dr. Sparks' congregation and by him- self. You are aware that the lirst Incumbent of St, Andrew's Church — commenced in 1809, and opened for worship on the 30th November 1810 — was the Keverend Doctor Alexander Sparks, who had landed at Quebec in 1780, became tutor in the family of Colonel Henry Cald- well at Belmont, St, Foy road, and who died suddenly, in Quebec, on the 7th March, 1810. Dr. Sparks had suc- ceeded to the Itev. George Henry, a military chaplain at the time of the conquest ; the iirst Presbyterian minister, we are told, who officiated in the Province, and who died on the Oth July, 171>"), aged 86 years. One hundred and forty-eight signatures are affixed to this dry-as-dust document of 1802, which we now hold in our hands. It was recently donated to our Society. Strangely indeed, it reads, in 1880. A carefully prepared petition — it seems — to the King, asking for a site in Quebec whereon to build a church — and suggesting that the lot occupied by the Jesuits' Church, and where until 1878, stood the Upper Town market shambles, be granted to the petitioners, they being m- ■: ::: :;:..:U{S;J|j .Htfw^y, llobort AVood, Alexander Munn, Jame.s McC'allum, Thomas White, Fred. IVtrie, Itobert Ritchie, we recall many leading merchants in St. I'eter, Notre-Dame Street and the old Cul-de-Har. "Jane Sewell," was the wiieofStephen Sewell Solicitor- General ol Lower Canada, brother to C'hiel'Justice Sewell. " Henrietta Sewell." one oi'the signers, survived ten years her husband, the late Jonathan Sewell. =* Chief Justice lor Lower Canada, who died in (^ue])ec, in 1H39. Chief Justice Sewi'll left a numerous progeny : f "Ebenezer Baird," we take to have been the progenitor of a well-remeinbcMed (Quebec Barri. ter, Jam(\s E. liaird, Esq., the jialron of our city member, Jacques Malouin, Esquire. George Pyke, a Halifax Barrister, had settled here. Subsequently he rose to the Bench as Mr. Justice Pyke. Robert Harrower was doubtless the father of Messrs. Robert, JJavid and Charles Harrower, of Trois Saumons, County of L'lslet. Honorable James Irvine, in 1818, a member of the Legislative Council was the grandfather of the Hon. George Irvine, of this city. The Hon. John Jones Ross, the present Speaker of the Legislative Council, Quebec, traces back to the "James Ross" of 1802, and the • Sec Appendix Letter I. t John Sewell, Capt. In 49th (Brock's Regiment) and Lt.-Col. Volunteers in 18;h7. William Smith Sewell, late Sheriff of Quebec, died Lst June, 1866. Edmund Willoughhy Sewell, Clerk in Holy Orders. llobert Shore Milnes Sewell, Advocate, died yth May, 18;U. Maria May Livingstone Sewell widow of Major Henry Temple 15th lUgi- uient. Henrietta Sewell, wifeoi llev. Dr. Frs. J. Lundy, died 17th Nov., 1847. Henry Doyle Sewell, Clerk in Holy Order.s. James Arthur Sewell, M.D., Profes-sor of Laval University. Montague Charles Sewell, died '28th Feliruary, 1859. Charlotte De Quincy Sewell, died 31st December, 1826. Fanny Georgina Sewell, wife of Capt. Trevor Davenport, 1st " Royals." Eliza Janet Sewell, wife of John Ro.ss, Esq., died 8th May, 1875. Algernon Robinson Sewell, Lt.-Col. loth Regiment, died 10th January, 1875. ^jl^litj&lH(M>>S{f^>iMitminHcHi!K:|-'i;m'i 47 Hon. David AU*x. lioss claims lor his siro, that .sturdy Voluutoor of 1759, under WoH'e, "John Koiss," who mad(^ a little fortune ; he resided at the house he purchased in 17(55 near Palaee date within. He held a Commission as a Captain in the British Militia in 1775, under Colonel Le Maitre; w^e can recollect his scarlet uniform which he wore in 1775, also worn in 1875, by his grandson, our worthy friend, Hon. D. A. Ross, at the Ball of the Centenary of the repulse of Brigadier General JJichard Montgomery, 31st December, 1775. He had three sons, David was Solicitor-General at Montreal, John was a lawyer also, and ProthonoUiry at Quebec, (the signer of the memorial of 1802), the third died young; of three daughters, one was married to the Rev. Doctor Sparks, already men- tioned ; a second was married to Mr. James Mitchell, Deputy A.C.G., and the third to an army surgeon. John Ross, Sr., died at an advanced age. Charles Grey Stewart, our Comptroller of Customs, died in 1854 ; he was the lather of Messrs. McLean, Charles, Alexander, Robert and John Stewart, of Mrs. "VViiliam Price, of Mrs. William Phillips, of the Misses Ann and Eleanor Stewart. " Joanna George " the mother of an aged contemporary. Miss Elizabeth George and of =^ Miss Agnes George, the widow of the late Arch. Campbell, Esq., N.P., and grand- mother of the present President of the St. Andrew's Society, W. Darling Campbell, died about 1830. " Maya Darling " was another daughter, and wife of Capt. Darling. " John Burn," also one of the signers of the Memorial, and who afterwards settled in Upper Canada, was a son of " Joanna George " by another marriage ; the eccentric and clever Quebec Merchant, Mr. James George, was another son. He was the first who sug- • Sinco the issue of this Lecture, Mrs. Wimith wife of Chief Justice Sewell, was the Hon. William Smith, Clerk of the Legislative Council and who in 1815 published his History of Canada in two volumes, a standard work : he was a descendant of the Hon. William Smith, a noted U. E. Jjoyalist, who wrote the history of the Static of New York and landed at Quebec, 2'6vd October, 178t). As a reward for his loyalty he was made Chief Justice of Lower Canada, 1st September lT8o; he died at Quebec, 0th December 1793. H. R. IL Prince Edward, followed his remains to the grave. The names of six signers of the Mhmouial to thk Kino, appear on the list of the jury impanelled to try, in 1797 before Chief Justice Osgood, David McLane for high treason, viz : John Blackwood. John Ciawibrd, David Munro, John Mure, James Irvine, James Orkney. George Fyke Avas the Council named ex olficio, together with M. Franklin, to defend the misguided Yankee. The Jury stood thus : John Blackwood. .lames Irvine. John Crawford. James Orkney. John Painter. James Watson (roddard. David Monro. Ilonry Cull. John Mure. Jiol.ert .Morrogh. John Jones. George Syme-. The early records of the St. Andrew's Society, founded here in 1835 and kindly submitted for our inspection by SffifSJisj-miaia 50 Mr. A. Robt>rtson its Secretary, contain the autographs of many well remembered citizens of Quebec. The first, that of the Manager of the Montreal Bank, Alexander Simpson, who describes himself as " Farmer," of Thorn- hill, — Thornhill the country seat of our friend, Archibald Campbell, Esquire, P. S. C, eldest son of Col. Chs. Camp- bell,* of the fi9th Regiment. Mr. Simpson, as Manager of the Bank, had succeeded Mr. Sutherland, for many years Postmaster General of Lower Canada. This roll of Scotch w^orthies reminds us each year of the recurrence of the annual dinner in November and of sundry " beef and greens " and " haggis " entertainments given by jolly curlers, the promoters of the "roaring game." History has even handed down a glowing account of the St, Andrew's dinner, in the stormy days of 1837, given at Schluep's in St. Louis Street the Globe Hotel, since, the St. Louis Hotel. It was presided over by that eminent patriot and jurist, the late Andrew Stuart, the father of the present Mr. Justice Andrew Stuart ; the Hon. Francis Ward Primrose, lor years a leading member of our Bar, was the Viie-President, when the bard and seer of the society, our well remembered old friend, the late Archi- bald Campbell, usually styled " Her Majesty's Notary," in a clear and mellow voice, poured forth the stirring words of the patriotic linos he had himself composed. ORIGINAL soxr;, As sung by Archibih. A rather humorous one. "May James Madison and 'all his faction be soon compelled to resign the reins of Government in America, and seek a peace establish- ment wit' their friend Bonaparte at Elba" Airs— "The Rogue's March" and "Go to the Devil and shake yourself" (Such sentiments have long since passed away.) 29(h. To General Count Platoti' and his bravo Cossacks Air- "The Cossack." 31st. " the gallant Veteran Blucher. 36th. " the memory of General Moreau. ^^^''- " '' /' «f P^-i»^e Kutusoff and all those who have fallen in the defence of the liberties of Europe f!immutmmiHiumimm»tmm«-;> m 52 43rd. 48th. 50th. 51st. Typifies commerce — "Horn, Corn, Fish and Yarn — " Eeel of'Tullochgorum." " Kobert Gibb's contract, " Johnny Grey's Breoks." (Some good liit made here no doubt sixty-six j-ears ago.) " the Beggar's Benison. Air — "The Rogue's March." May Great Britain never resign the right of search while slie has a sailor or a soldier to defend "it." (This toast would cause a smile at the present day.)=^ The Quebec Curling Club — 1838. " The annual match between the married men and bachelors of the (Quebec Curling Club was played on the 1st of March, for " beef and greens," when the following was the result of the game: Married men, 17; Bachelors, 31. The following gentlemen were players: Married men — Messrs. E. H. Gairdncr, William Patton, L. T. McPherson, William Phillips and John Dyde. Bachelors — Messrs, James Gillespie, .loliu P. Andex'son, George Gillespie, James Burns and Thomas Hamilton. The dinner of" beef and greens" with some other good things, took place on Saturday last, at the Globe. Several guests were invited to partake of the hospitality of the Club, and the evening was spent in a veiy pleasant manner." f Tho portly Prosident of the .Society, Andrew Patorson, and his Board oi' Officers are all too well rememl)ered for US to do more than inscribe here their names, in order to show how the Scotch element stood in Quebec tbrly- iive years ago. What could we tell you which you do not already know, about those dear Iriends and relatives of so many present here this evening' ? To our youthful eyes in 1838, none, however, appeared so imposing as Captain IJaysidc when he marched irom the Barracks, the Queen's Stores Champlain Street, his corps of Volunteer Seamen, the Queen's Pets, habited in pea jackets, and trailing formidable cutlasses, whilst the Volunteer Band rejoiced in a swarthy Ethiopian in charge of the big drum. • AntuiiKiridii forOot., 18S0, |i. H". t (,tii,h,r i!onald Frascr, Charles Stuart, James Gibb, Konald McLellaii, James Burns, George Black, John Thompson, J. Douglas. Quebec, 3rd October, 1835. .MEETI-\(J AT THE ALBION JIOTEL. FllIDAY, ;.tm OCTOBER, im. Presen't : Hon. John Stewart, Thomas Elder, Andrew Paterson, R. MacDonald, John Neilson, W. McTavish, P. Moir, A. Laurie, C. Bruce, A. McGill, A. Gilmour, John Young, J. B. Edie, 1). Burnet, J. Thompson, R. -MacLellan, L. Ballingall, T. A. Young, Jas. Burns, R. 11. (iaiidnei-. John Fife, L. J. McXair. 1). Fi-aser, W. K. Jiayside, A. Simpson, J. Bruce, D. Wilkie, James Dean, Andrew Paterson in the Chair. Moved by A. Simpson, seconded by A. Gilmour,— '-That it in expedient to form a Society in thi^ city, to be called the Saint Andrew's Society of Quebec." ELECTION OF OFFICERS FOR YEAR ENDINU SOr.i NOV., 183(i. Andrew Paterson President. John Neilson U[ Vice-President. The Hon. John Stewart 2nd Vice-President. ■««»HfiKfaH«««aaii,,^,3^^,,,,^i l»HI»i«**»''."'il4il»»«lj 54 Managers : Jaincs Dctiii, (reorgc Black, Donald MacLellaii, Allan flilmour, Lewis J. McXair, lion. F. W. Pi-imrojso, Samuel J^eilsoii, Eobert Popo Iloss, Donald Fraser, Thomas Ainslie Young. Chaplains : — Rev. John Clugcston, and Eev. Daniel Wilkie. Physicians : — Joseph Morrin, James Douglas. Alex. Simpson, Treasurer. | John Bruce, Secretary, Jas. Gillespie, Asst.-Secrotary. Committee ov Instalment : William McTavish, | Eobert II. Gairdnci-. OFFICERS OF ST. ANDREW'Si SOCIETY FOR 1880. President — W. D. Campbell. First Vice-President — Wm. Eae. Second Vice-President — D. E. McLeod. Treasurer — Jas. McNider. Secretary — A. Eobertson. Committee of Management — Messrs. Wm. Brodie, D. H. George, P. Johnston, Wm. Sutherland and D. Kerr. Chaplains — Eev. Dr. Cook and Eev. W. B. Clai-k. Physician — Dr. Eowand. Out of the population of the City of Quebec — per census of 1871 59,6^9 The Scotch element stands thus 1,861 The Quebec Press owes its orgiu to two Scotchmen, from Philadelphia, Messrs. BrovA'H&; Gilmore, who priiit- ed=^ oil the 21st .fime, 17(U, in this city, the first number of the Quebec Gazette, the oldest paper in the Province, the Montreal Gazette having' l>een founded fourteen years later by Fleury Mesplet, in 1T7S. When the Gazette was bought up in 1864, and merged into the Quebec Morninsc Chi*rntele, founded in 1847, it had existed 110 years. William Brown was sucfceded in the editorship and proprietorship of this venerable sheet, by his nephew Samuel Neilson, the elder brother of John Neilson, who for years was the trusted Member for the County ol * The baadlu ur lever uf this press I now hold in my hand. fiiHf;{iiasHa)ii»»t»aa«8)P3sn«f^}ii| 53 Quebec ; as widely known as a Journalist, a Legislator and in 1822, our worthy Ambassador to England — as he was respected as a patriot. Samuel Neilson had died in 1793 ; — his young brother and protege, John, born at Dornald in (Scotland, in 1776, being in 1704 a minor, the Gazette was conducted by the late Rev. Dr. Alex. Sparks his guardian until 1796. When John Neilson became of lull age, he assumed the direction of the paper lor more than half a century, either in his name or in that of his son Samuel. Hon, John Neilson. closed his long and spotless career, at his country seat (Dornald) at Cap Kouge, on the 1st February|1848, aged 71 years. Who has not heard of the Nestor of the Canadian Press, honest John Neilson V May his memory ever remain bright and fragrant — a beacon to guide those treading the intricate paths of journalism — a shining light to gener- ations yet unborn ! In a pretty rustic cemetery, the site of which was pre- sented by himself to the Presbyterian Church of Valcartier, near Quebec, were laid, on the 4th February, 1848, the remains of this patriotic man — escorted by citizens of every origin, after an eloquent address had been delivered by the Rev. Dr. John Cook, the present pastor of St. Andrew's Chnrch. We are indebted to his son John Neilson, Esq., of Dor- nald, for this relic, the iron lever of the first Press used at Quebec in 1764 — a precious one to Canadian journalism. There are indeed many Scotch names associated with our press. Space precludes us from enlarging more on this subject. We cannot, however, close this portion of our enquiry, without naming Daniel Wilkie, LL.D., the editor of the Quebec Star, — a literary gazette founded in 1818 — still better remembered as the esteemed instructor of Quebec youth for forty years. Dr. Wilkie was born at Tollcross, in Scotland, in 1777, |)4m(|(tt;mut>nnHnuttm«^>>'.i>M>"'' 56 one year later than John Neilson ; he settled in Quebec in 1803, and died here on the 10th May, 1851. Among those present this evening, I see some ofhis for- mer pupils. Alas ! the frost of years has silvered their locks ! Dr. Wilkie " broke the bread of science" to several youths, who subsequently won honor among their fellow men. Among the illustrious dead, might be recalled (in the days when the able member for Birmingham, England, John Arthur Roebuck was indentured, at Quebec in 1818, as law student, to Thos. Grugy, Esq., Barrister, brother of Col. B. C. A. Clugy, late of Darnoc, Beauport,) a favorite pupil of the Doctor, the late Hon. Judge Hy.. Black, as well as that eminent jurist and scholar, Alex. C. Buchanan, Q.C., late of Montreal ; Hon. Mr. Justice T. C. Aylwin, Judge Chs. Grates Holt. Among those still moving in our midst, one likes to point to Chief Justice Duval, Judges Andrew Stuart, Greorge Okill Stuart, and Hon. J. C^hapais, Hon. David A. Koss, Messrs. Francis and Henry Austni, Daniel McPherson, N.P., R. H. Russel, M.D., and John Russel, of Toronto, M.D. Dr. Wilkie's pupils had the following truthful words in- scribed, on the monument they erected to their patron in Mount Hermon cemetery ; • He was a learned scholar And indefatigable student of philosophy and letters An alile and auccessful instructor of youth, Of f^enuine uprightness and guileless simplicity A devout, heuevolent and public spirited man." Some Scotch names are still remembered in Montreal journalism, such as that of Robert Weir — of David Kin- near — of James Moir Ferres. Not many years back, the editorial pen of our leading Journal, the Morning Chronicle, was held by a Scotch writer of distinction Daniel C. Morrison ; a cultured Scotch- man, Greorge Stewart, Jr., wields it still — the able historian of Lord Dufferin's administration. May that upright wmmmmmmmmmmmmim^^mm^ 57 spirit, that proud regard for duty, infused into our press by such master-minds as John Neilson and Daniel Wilkie, still continue to inspire the "Fourth Estate," whether confided to Scotch or other hands. Ladies and Gentlemen, we have uttered the word "education" in connection with the Scotch element in the Province of Quebec and space commands us to be brief. Rest assured that the love of instruction, which has in the past so powerfully helped to mould the popular mind north of the Tweed, and has found a vent in the Scotch l)arochial school system, had also its votaries on our shores. Who has not heard of the liberal endowments made by Scotchmen, in our commercial metropolis, Montreal ? of fortunes spent in founding seats of learning or building up that proud city ? fortunes accumulated in Montreal or in those great trading companies of the Hudson Bay and the lone land of the North. Scotch capital and enterprise formed colonies and settlements in these Northern lati- tudes, such as Selkirk's. Lord Selkirk was ably seconded by another Scotchman knighted for his services and public spirit. Sir (leorge Simpson, who died in Montreal, in 1860. Monuments most creditable to the cause of education' were erected by them also. Who has not hi'ard of the McTavishos, McGrillivrays, McLeods, McKenzies, McCrills, McLaughlins and their successors, as discoverers, mer- chants, travellers, barons in the bank parlor, patrons of education. That noble seat of learning in Montreal, the University of McCxill College — who imparted to it the breath of life ? a Scotchman, the Hon. James McGrill I =^ Who again was one of its truest friends and most useful Presi- dents? another Scotchman, the Hon Peter McG-ill I who in September last, so munificently endowed its Museum ^ • Born at Glasgow In 1744, a succcssfal merchant, a member of Parliament, subsequently, a member of the Legislative Council ; finally, an Executive Councillor, he served in the war of 1812, when he became a Brigatlicr-General- fv»!r<;m!r»::9 APPENDIX. [Set' page 0] Jacques Cartier's Officers and Crew. Lisle de l^ Equipage de Jacques Cartier, «'oiiservee dans les archives de 8t. Malo, France — revue avec soin sur le facsimile, par C. H. Laverdiere, Ptre., Bibliothecaire de rUniversite Laval, 22 novembre 1859. .la((|U('s (.'firtiiT. capnc. 'J'liumas Fonrmont. Me. do la nef. (Juillf. Le broton Uastille. capne, pilote du Gallon. .Jaccj Maingar, lue. du Qalion. Marc Jalobert, capne. et pilote Couilieu, (Juille. Le Jlarii-, mo du Couilieu. Laurent Boulain. Estienne Nouel. PlERIlE EsMEUy DICT TaLBOT. Michel Hehu e. Estienne Reumevel. Michel Audiepore. Bertran; unswer to (h>' Quebec I'rize Historical Questions, submitte'i in 1870. Jean Gouyon. Charles Gaiiloi. Clamlc lie I'ontLrian.s. Cliailcs di' la Pommerayo. Jfan Potiilet. Philippe liougetuoiit. De Ooyelle. B. [See Pajje 122.] CLUNIE MACPHKHSOX. Capt. .John Macpherson. of Fra.sei-,s Highlanders, wounded 25th ,Julv 1<59. was brother to Duncan Macpherson. the head of the Clan the I lird of Cluny generally known by the name of Chmie Macpherson. The melancholy end of th..s brave chieftain places in a mo.st favorable light, the fidelity ..f his followers toward.s their chiefs mixed up in the rebellion of 1715 and als„ in the rising of 174:.. The battle of CuUodca brou.^lit niiu nn all the dm Clume Macphenson was. however, appointed t., a company in Lor.l Loudons Highlander.s, and had taken the oath to the (Jovernnient. His Clan was in. patient to join the adventurous descendant ..f their ancient sovereign when he came to claim what they sui-posed his right. While he hesitate.l'between duty and inclination, his wife, a daughter of Lord Lovat. and a stauneh iae,, bite earnestly dissuaded him from breaking his oath, assuring him nntimc. could end well that i,egan with perjury. His frien.ls reproache.l her for interf- ering and hurried on the husband t„ his vn\n:-Sk.t,-he. of il. in,kl,n.lr.. Vol. J. r^, ()((. Hi,s life was thus forfeited to the laws, and much diligence was e.Kerted tu bring him to ..ustice. He lived nine years in a cave, at a short distance from h!8 house, which had been burned to the ground by the Kings tmops ■• Thi cave, says General Stewart '' was in the front of a woody precipice, the tree^ nm) .slielving rocks completely concealing the entrance. It was dug out bv his own people, who worked by night, and conveyed the stones and rubbisi, into a lake m the neighborh..od. that no vestige of their labour mi^dit betrav the retreat of _ their master. In this sanctuary he lived secure, occasionally visiting his friemls by night, or when time slackened the visor of the search '=««r^*?KM-^itmi6iM*Of5(jj ift:t»nT;»»i?ttfjMMf(MM»siM««cfi^ 62 ITpwardg of a humired peisoiiB knew wlierc he was concealed and a reward of jCl.OOO wan olVored to any one who Hhould ^ive infurmation agiiinnt him *, ani giments (the 71st and 72nd) the oldest embodied Cla irps, sho a wear trousers or trews, a dress formerly confined to lame, sick (n aged 1 Highlanders, it has bein a sourcb of orbat VEXATION TO THEM, THEIH CLAN AM ' HKUl COUNTRY. ASSUrcdly, Lord McLcod, the eldest son of Mackenzie, Earl of Cromarty, who raise ' the 73rd, now the ^mm^m^mmm^^s^ifi^' 71ht. and Miu keii/if. Earl of Scal'orth, who embodied the ohi 78th. now tlie 72nd. wdidd never have thou;;ht of a.n altkuatios. ho rNNECBSSAiiv and bo rNCOVOB.NIAl, to CkLTIC KKEMSO. WhokVKU IIAH tub IlKill HONOl'R TO COMMAND THB HhITIHH AKMY, SHOULD NOT KOROBT HOW HllONOLY THK HIOH-MINDKD AND HIIAVK eag except on field days and particular occat-ions ! Is it from an idea that it is un- becoming, or that the i)rlvatcH are only obliged to wear thti kilt? It is a strange inconsistency and a very unniilitary custom, for which I presume the respective Colonels or Adjutants are answerable. Having some time since lived four or five ytars where the V8th Ilosshire Buffs were stationed, I must KxoNBRATK THAT CORPS PROM THE ABOVB REFLKCTioNS, ofiicers and men being always dressed in proper regimentals. 1 know, from my own experience, that all the men being Scotih. all the Scotch officers are deeply attached to the kilt, and woul 1 not change it for any other unift)rni, however splendid — A few English officers, on joining Highland regiments, are apt to ridicule the kilt, and thus foster an idea that the five kilted regiments, do not wear the feilabeag by choice, but I have uni- formly observed, that after serving a sliort time amongst the Highlanders the.se would-be critics, become the most enthusiastic admirers of the dress. I have worn the kilt myself as child, boy and man, and maintain that a warmer, a more comfortable dress could not hove been invented for tl»e High- lands of Scotland, the tartan being three ply thick round the l)om«lHHnl??<}:''" iti^^lti: .uttttiim 64 he liad hucn content to rest on Iiis laurels. He was the son of Capt. .James LcKlie, 15th Regiment, who was Assistant-Quarter-JIaster to the army of Cieneral Wolfe at the capture of Quebec, and who claimed descent from a junior brancfi of the family of Rothes, and on his mother's side from John Stuart, of Inchbreck in the Mearns, lineally descended from Murdock, Duke of Albany. Tlie subject of the present notice was born at Kair, Kincardine- on the 4th September, 178G. and was educated at the Aberdeen Grammar School, and afterwards at Marischal College and Ab>'rdeen University. He married, in 1816. a daughter of Patrick Langan, Seigneur of Bourchemin and De Uanisay. formerly an officer in the British army. Mr. Leslie was for many years an extensive merchant in Montreal. He served in the Volunteers in the war of 1812, and retired from the Militia many years afterwards with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He was a member of the Executive Council of Canada anri President of that body from March to September, 1848: and Provincial Secretary and Registrar from 1848 to October, 1851. He sat aa a representative from Montreal, in the Lower Canada Assembly, from 1824 until the Union i>{ that province with Upper Canada in 1840. He represented Vercheres in the Assembly of Canada from 1841 to March. 1848, when he was .summoned t<> the Legislative Council, of which he remained a member imtil the Cdnfederation. in 1867. He had been an unsuccessful candidate for the county (»f .Montreal at the general elections of 1841. He was appointed a Senator by Hoyal Proclamation in 1867, and remained a member of that body until his death, which took place at the advanced a,t;e of eighty-seven in 187:i. Mr. Leslie hiwl always acted with the Conservatives.'' D. [See Page 31.] The following anecdote, taken from the -'Lettfrs of a Voltintei^r." commu- nicated by Capt. Colin Mackenzie, appears worthy of being remembered ; 'On board of the Stbhlino Castle, in the River St. Lawrence, two miles below Quebec, Sept. 2, 1 75i». "Notwithstanding thi; ciiec k we roceeived in the action (at Beauport). of theltlst of .luly, it must be admitted our people behaved with great vivacity. I cannot omit i>eing particular with respect to a singular instance of personal bravery and real courage. Captain Ochterlony and Lieuttiiant I'eyton (both of General Monctous re;.dment) were wounded, and fell before the breast-worK near tlie Falls — The former, mortally, being shot through the body ; the latter wa^ wounded only in the knee. Two savages pushed down upon them with the utmost pre- cipitation, armed with nothing out tlieir diabolical I.nives. The Hrst seizi d on Captain Ochterlony, when Mr. Peyton, who lay reclining on Ids fu.xee, discharged ' the sjivagc dropt immediately on the body of his intended prey. mmmmm^mmi 65 The other savage atlvanced with much eageraess to Mr. Peyton, who had no more than time to disengage his bayonet, and conceal its disposition — with one arm he warded oflF the purposed blow, and with the other stung him to the heart ; nevertheless, the savage, tho' fallen, renewed his attempts, inso- much that Mr. Peyton was obliged to repeat his blow, and stab him through and through the body. A straggling grenadier, who had happily (scaped the slaughter of his com- panions, stumbled upon Captain Ochterlony and readily offered him his ser- vices. The Captain, with the spirit and bravery of a true liriton, replied, " Friend, I thank you, — but with respect to me, the musquet, or sculping knife, will be only a more speedy deliverance from pain — I have but a few minutes to live. Go — make haste — and tender your services where there is a possibility they may be useful.' — At the same time he pointed to Mr. Peyton, who was then endeavouring to c awl away on the sand. The grenadier took Mr. Peyton on his back, and conveyed him to the boat, but not without each receiving a wound — Mr. Peyton in his back and his rescuer, another near his shoulder." ton s ■The only pr,- 'iziil E [See Page 37.] Letter from P>rigaJier-GeneraI the Hon. James Murray, son of Alexatder, fourth Lord Elibank, to his brother, Rear-Admiral the Hon. George Murray. (Communicated to the Literary and Ilistorical Society of Quebec, by Capt. Colin McKenzie, 78i not to show this letter to any body but Klibank ; he and you may make what use of the contents you i)Kase. jirovided you do not let it be known that I have trumpeted my own fame. I think myself accountable to my family in a very particular manner for my actions, especially as the sjjhere I have lately ac ted in has been eminent. It will be your business to dive into the truth of every sentence of this letter, but not to expose me to the reproach of vain glory. I offer my very affection- ate tompiiments to all my relations roimd you. and am. my Dear George. Your most affectionate brother and sincere friend, James Mcrrav. Sandy .Johnstone now lives with me, and acts as my Brigade-Major. Is very fat, but we have nothing to do. Ho lirig-Geueral Murray's " Journal " was published under the auspices of the Literary and Historical Society in 1871. riiUMH|l|f«|t(a|g| 68 REMARKS. These two valedictory letters of General Murray addreHsed to his brother Admiral Murray, appeared, with other corespondence, in the History of the Earls of Cromarty, compiled by Mr William Eraser, F. S. A. Scot, and issued privately last year by the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland. Admiral Murray afterwards succeeded his elder brother Patrick, and became sixth Lord Elibank. He married Lady Isabella Mackenzie, daughter of George third and last Earl of Cromarty; their daughtt r, the Hon. Maria Murray, married Mr. Hay, of Newhall, (brother of the seventh Marquis of Tweedale), and succeeding to the Cromarty-Mackenzie estates on the death of her cousin, Kenneth Mackenzie, took the name of Hay-Mat ken zie, and was the grandmother of the present Duchess of Sutherland, who, in 1861, was created Countess of Cromarty in her own right. This, therefore, explains how General Murray's letters found their way into the Cromaily charter chest. The letters are, I think, of considerable interest. In the first, written only a month after the battle of the Plains of Abraham, Genera! Murray an- nounces to his brother that he has been appointed Governor of Quebec, he also states that he is at the head of 6,000 trained troops, and that he contem- plates a winter expedition against the Chevalier de Levis, and especially has an eye to his magazines. The Chevalier, who was cantoned at Fort Jactjues- Cartier, had formed the design of attacking the City as soon as the river should be ice-bound, and when Murrsiy could expect no assistance from the English fleet. The French General was obliged to retreat on Montreal. In the mean- time, Murray vigorously pushed forward the repairs of the fortifications of Quebec, but the insufficiency and badness of provisions and the rigour of the climate introduced sctirvy and other complaints among the trooi>s, and had reduced his garrison to about one-half, when, on the 26th April, 1700, he heard that the Chevalier de Levis, having collected about 10,000 men, had landed at Pointe-aux-Trembles. We may now turn to the second letter. It was written a year after the first, and six months after the events I am about to summarize. The General commences by stating that it is only the approbation of his Sovereign the Ministers and his brother soldiers that he is desirous of obtaining, and after referring to his share in the battle of the Plains of Abraham, he proceeds to defend the action he took on the day of the 28th of April. As soon as he heard that De Levis had landed, Murray advanced toSillery, and there determined to give him battle. He says in his letter : '• My '< journal in the hands of the Minister points out all at large. " Reviewing Murray's conduct, General Sir E. Cust, in his " Wars of the eighteenth cen- tury," says : " Murray now resolved on a plan which has been much criticised ''and justly condemned. He thus explained his view of the case, in his dis- " patch to the Secretary ol State — that the enemy was greatly his superior in •' numbers, but considering that the British forces were habituated to victory, "and were provided with a fine train of artillery, he thought that an action in " the field was less risk in the single chance of successfully defending a 09 the sneral the after 18 to Uery, My wing cen- cised elis- or in tory, )ii ia g a '< wretched fortification. Nothing appears to he more contrary to sound rules "of war, than that a Commander of garrison should risk a battle to prevent '' his being shut up and besieged. Considering, too, that his troops were sickly, •'and the army of M. de Levis well-conditioned and of triple numbers, it «• certainly was the rashest resolve that an oflScer, charged with the commanc' '• of a most important fortress, could have entertained." After reading the above, I am doubtful if nuvny soldiers, at least at the present day, would answer without hesitation " To be sure," to (leneral Murray's question. The critical moment of attack was probably made use of. as Murray, perceiving the Chevalier advancing in single column, proceeded to attack him before he could proi)orly form. The disaster of the day may also be attributed to the action of the right. The ardor of the troojjs carried them further in pursuit than prudence should have dictiited, and tho' they succeeded in the commencement, they met with a severe check. The force taking possession of the redoubts defended them with great determination, but were eventually outnumbered and forced to retire. The left also gave way, and Murray, driven back on both flank.s, had no alternative but to seek shelter within the walls of his fortress. On the whole he seems to have fought his battle bravely, but the vital mistake lay in fighting at all. The same night, M. de Levis commenced his trenches before Quebec, but Murray, by extraordinary exertions, succeeded in mounting a number of guns, and wlien the French batteries opened on the 11 th of Miiy, they were silenced by tlie fire of the town. On the 15th, the English fleet, which had wintered at Halifax, arrived at Point Levis, and having captured the French vessels lying in the river, M. de Levis, in disgust, raised the siege, and retreated again on Montreal, abandoning his military train and siege artillery. It was now the turn of the English to take the oft'ensive. General Amherst advanced from Oswego with 10,000 men, and reached Montreal on the 6th of September; Murray was already in the vicinity, and the next day Colonel Havilaud ar- rived from Isle-aux-Noix. The Manjuis de Vaudreuil, despairing therefore of his aliility to stand a siege, demanded a capitulation, which was granted, and this ending the war, Canada bei*ame a British Province. Head in connection with the accounts of the campaign, I think that these two letters of General Murray add something to the history of the stir- ring times in which they were written ; and I trust they may prove acceptable to the Literary and Historical Society of Quebec, who. I know, are anxious to record and preserve all the waifs and strays of literature, pertaining to the history of their ancient town. General Murray seems to have been a brave and skilful soldier, and tho" he committed an error of judgment in fighting at Sillery, his services, during the campaign, were not only praiseworthy, but even brilliant. His militiiry talent and fertility in resource eminently qualified liim for the command of a fortress in a sUite of siege ; and his defence ot Fort St. Philip, in Minorca, which he held six months against the French and Spaniards, entitle him to a distinguished place amongst the Generals ot his day. His personal character for honor stands no less high ; for when, in 1781, the Duke de Crillou, lliiiMI 70 endeavourt'd to biibi- him with £100,000, and rank and command in tlie French or Spanish army, ho replied in the words of the Duke'8 ancestoi " L'honneiir me le defend." COLIN MACKENZIK, Capt. 49, Pall Mall— London, England, 12 Nov. 1877. P. S. — I find that Burke's Peerage, gives the sum as £100,000, and in quoting General Murray's letter to the Duke omits the retort I have given above. [See Page 39.] SIR JAMES CRAIG. (1759-1812.) One of our striking historical figures, whose features will doubtless in the future, assume a less repulsive aspect than that lent to it by the fiery spirits oflSlO. A writer, never suspected of "anglitication," Mr. P. A. DeGaspe, inhis MijionjES, page 34(3, courageously bears testimony in favor of Sir James, Gov- ernor, of his day. Sir James Craig was undoubtedly misled in his estimate of the French element at Quebec by his very able but irresponsible adviser-s. The sturdy old soldier, like his great contemporary, Napoleon I, believed in bayonets, grape and canister, as educators and monitors to the oi polloi, on ex- treme occasions. That he was a bad man at heart, Mr. DeOaepe does not believe, and the generous though earnest sentiments which light up his famous Proclamation of the 2l8t March, 1810, favoring this view, are worthy ot being preserved. "Is it formyself that I should oppress you ? Is it from ambition? what can you give me ? Is it for power? alas! my good friends, with a life ebbing out slowly to its period, under the pressure of di.sease acquired in the service of my country, I look only to pass what it may please God to Bufifer to remain of it. In the comfort of retirement among my friends. I remain among you only in obedience to the commands of my King. What power can I wish for ? Is it then for wealth, that I would oppress you ? Fnquire of those who know me v/bether I regard wealth ; I never did when I could enjoy it ; it is now of no use to me ; to the value of your country laid at my feet, I would prefer the consciousness of having, in a single instance, contributed to your happiness and prosperity." (Christie's History of Canada, Vol. 1, P. .-^19.) 71 G [See Pago 40.) LORD ELGIN'S VALEDICTORY ADDRESS. The following affords a fair specimen of the pleasing style of oratory of the Earl of Elgin, on quitting Monkiands, Montreal, at one time the seat of OovL-rnment. Lord Elgin in a very felicitous manner alludes to the painful BcencB of riot, &c., consequent on his courageous attitude, when called on to carry out the views of his constitutional advisers. " For nearly eight years, at the command of our beloved Queen, I have filled this jtosition among you, discharging its duties, often imperfectly, never carelessly, or with indifference. We are all of us aware that the period is rapidly approaching when I may ex- pect to be required by the same gracious authority to resign into other, and I trust worthier, hands the office of Governor General, with the heavy burden of responsibility and care which attaches to it. It is fitting, therefore, that we Ehould now speak to each other frankly and without rest-rve. Let me assure you, then, that the severance of the formal tie which binds us together will not cause my earnest desire for your wellfare and advancement to abate. The extinction of an official relationship cannot quench the conviction that I have so long cherished, and by which I have been supi»orted through many trials, that a brilliant future is in store for British North America ; or diminish the interest with which I shall watch every event which tends to the fulfilment of this expectation. And again, permit me to assure you, that when I leave you, be it sooner or later, I shall carry away no recollections of my sojourn among you, except such as are of a pleasing character. I shall remember and remember with gratitude, the cordial reception I met with at Montreal when I came a stranger among you, bearing with me for my sole recommendation the commission of our sovereign. I shall remember those early months of my residence here, when I learnt in this beautiful neighbour- hood to appreciate the charms of a bright Canadian winter day, and to take delight in the cheerful music of your sleigh bjUs. I shall remember one glorious afternoon — an afternoon in April — when, looking down from the hill at Monkiands, on my return from transacting business in your city, I beheld that the vast plain stretching out before me, which I had always seen clothed in the white garb of winter, had assumed, on a sudden, and as if by enchant- ment, the livery of spring; while your noble Ht. Lawrence, bursting through his icy fetters, had begun to sparkle in the simshine and to murmur his vernal hymn of thanksgiving to the bounteous Giver of light and heat. I shall remember my visits to your Mechanics' Institutes and Mercantile Library Associations, and the kind attention with which the advice which I tendered to your young men and ciiizens was received by them. I shall remember the undaunted courage with which the merchants of this city, while sufifering under the pressure of a commercial crisis of almost unparalleled severity, urged forward that great work which was the first step towards placing Canada in her proper position in this age of railway progress. I shall rememl'er the '•»?-->*f»*W{H««|i |{ff»>!ttH>«Wtir?f«?«W»w"»'M»«»> " « " '' i». ' "" 'f«^"'""'"'»"""'"»' 72 energy and patriotism which gathered together in this city specimens of Canadian induntry, from all parts of the Province for the World's Fair, and which has liecn the means of rendering the magnificent conception of the illustrious Consort of our beloved Queen more serviceable to Canada than it has, perhapR, proved to any other of the countless communities which have been represented there. Ami I shall forget — but no — what I might have had to forget is forgotten already, and therefore 1 cannot tell you what i shall forget." (Letters and Journals of James, Eighth Earl of Elgin, Edited by Theo. Walrond, 1875.) [See Page 41.] To His Most Excellent Miijcwty, George The Third, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith : May it please Your Majesty : The Humble Petition of Your Majesty's Faithful subjects of the Congrega- tion of the Chtirch of Scotland, in the City of Quebec, in the Province of Lower Canada, — Humbly Sheweth : That Your Majesty's Petitioners having been educated in the Principles of the Church of Scotland, and lieing attached to the form of Worship and the Rites and Ceremonies as established in that Church, have supported and paid during tlie last thirty-six years, a Minister regularly ordained of the Church of Scotland to perform public worship for them, though as your Petitioners have not had any appropriate place of Worship, nor any particular fund from whence to draw the necessary expense, they have been reduced to the neces- sity of an annual subscription for that purpose, which, besides being subject to variation, they consider as an improper mode of support for a Church. TliHt your Petitioners have always had in view to build a decent, plain Church fur their public Worship, but as in such an undertaking, they expected they would be obliged to depend principally on their own resources, they have been, from several reasons and circunisUmces, compelled to defer it. Your Potitiimers, judging the period of the restoration of Peace (1802), favorable to their plan, have resolved to make the attempt, and they have hopes that, with a very little assistance, they may now attain the great object of their wishes — a decent place appropriated to Public Worship. Your Peti- tioners desire to be known to Your Majesty, and to be considered by Your Majesty's Government as members of and united to the National Church of Scotland. Your Petitioners therefore kindly hope, from Your known regard and zeal for all the Interests of true Religion, that they may receive some small mark of Your Majesty's attention and favor, to assist them in their purpose of '^UtttittUtU tmtmxmiuiil mi^mmmmmmii 78 providing a place for their Public Worship which may appear respectable to their siHter Church of England, and to thoir fuUow citizens, the Roman Catholics. Your Majesty's Petitioners, after much Inquiry, find that it will be extremely difficult to procure a convenient and reputable situation on which to build their Church, and as there is a groat extent of waste ground within the walls of this City, belonging to Your Majesty, they pray that Your Majesty will be graciously pleased to favor them with a grant of a small spot of it in a convenient iritiiation for that purpose, and Your Petitioners humbly beg leave to point out the site of the oM Josiifs Church, as a proper place, with a small extent around it to form an enclosure to protect the Building from injury or insult, and they havu therefore tnkon the liberty to annex a Plan or Diagram of the whole of tlie Jesuits Garden, should any otlior part of it be deemed more proper or Iuhs useful to Government. Your Petitioners bej; leave to represent to Your Miijcsty that among the troops slationed from time to time by Your Majesty to garrison tlie City, and ])articularly in the Iloyal Uegiment of Artillery, there are many natives of Scotland and Ireland who desire to join with Your Petitioners in Public Worship, according to the manner and form in which they have been educa- ted — and Your Petitioners, with great satisfaction, have always endeavoured to accommodate as many of them as their present place of Public Worship permitted. But Your Petitioners, in the Church they now propose to build, intend to allot a considerable space for the express purpose of accommodating the Troops, as Your Petitioners humbly beg leave to suggest that the exercises of Public Worship are likely to be performed with most benefit, when they arc conducted in the manner, and according to the forms to which the parties Jiave been accustomed from their infancy, and they conceive it to be particu- larly necessary in the present times, when irreligion so much prevails, to strengthen, by every means, all those habits and customs which atbich Men to Religion, and to established forms of Worship. Your Petitioners acknow- ledge the indulgence of Your Majesty's Governors of this Province, who have permitted them, for many years, to perform their Public Worship in the Room a])pointcd for holding the Courts of Justice, and they beg leave to cxi)rei*s their gratitude to Your Majesty for Your Majesty's bounty, which, by the favor of Your Majesty's Lieutenant-Governor, His Excellency, Sir Robert Shore Milnes, Baronet, has been lately extended to their present Minister, of fifty pounds per annum, as a salary to assi.st in supporting the respectjibility of their Clergyman in the Society. Your Petitioners beg leave further humbly to sulmiit to Your Majesty, their hopes that Your Majesty may be graciously pleased to favour them with a grant of a certain part or portion of some of the reserved lots in the Town- ships already granted of the waste lands of the Crown in tliis Frovincc, or from any other part of these waste lands, as to Your Majesty shall appear most proper ; to be vested in the Ministers and Church- Wardens, or the Ministers and Vestry of the Presbyterian Church of Scotland of the City of Quebec, and their successors-in-trust, for the purpose of raising a stipend or Salary for the "^'W» fHaM W«MMHaf|OIM«)«ffit>tW>>'tft>t}W>''iMM«8a»tiiMa 74 Minister or MiniHtcrs of that Church, and for »ucli other purposeR relating to that Church, nH may be consitlered neccHsary to the reHpectability of the Public Worship performed there. As Your Majesty has freely granted to many indi- viduals largo tracts of these waste lands, Your Petitioners presume to hope that Your Majesty may consider a small portion of these waste lands will be properly bestowed, when granted for the maintenance of a Branch of a National Church, acknowledged and protected by Your Majesty. And Your Petitioners, as In duty bound, shall ever pray, Ac, Ac. (Alex. Sparks, Minister, and 147 others.) I. [See Page 4G.] CHIEF JUSTICE SEWELL, (1776-1839.) Chief Justice Jonathan Sewell was born 6th June, 1766, died Nov, 12th^ 1639 ; His wife, Henrietta, was the youngest daughter of Chief Justice Smitli. of Quebec born 6th February, 1776, died, 26th May, 1849. HON W. SMITH. (1769-1847.) William Smith was second son of Chief Justice William Smith, of Quebec, born, on 7th February, 1769, educated at Kensington Grammar School, Lon- don, and came to Canada with his father in 1786. He was appointed soon after Clerk of the Provincial Parliament, and subsequently Master in Chancery of the Province of Lower Canada, and in ISl'i was appointed by Earl Bathurst, a member of the Executive Council. He was the author of the " History of Canada, from its first discovery down to the year 1791." He married Susannan^ (laughter of Admiral Webber, and died at Quebec, 17th December, 1847. CHIEF JUSTICE WILLIAM SMITH. (1728-1793.) Chief Justice William Smith was the eldest son of William Smith, who was a member of His Majesty's Council, and afterwards Judge of the Court of King's Bench for the State of New York. He was born at New York, ISth June, 1728. In his youth he was sent to a grammar school, and afterwards to Yale College, Connecticut, where he greatly distinguished himself by his learning. He was an excellent Qreek and Hebrew scholar, and a thorough mathematician. He was appointed Chief Justice of New York, 24th April, 1 780. At the breaking out of the rebellion in 1775, he was a staunch Loyalist, and left New York in the same vessel with the King's troops and Sir Ouy iut»femfmiB»ttK'«Itf««ttt«uJiiJiaciui«imil L ^^^^^^^B 75 Carlt'ton, and landed at Plymouth, 10th January, 1784. As a rewatd for his loyalty he was made Chief Justice of Lower Canada, Iflt September 1785, and came to Canada in tlie Frigate " Thistle " of 28 guns, with Lord Dorchester, the Oovernor-General of Canada, landing at Quebec 23rd October 1786. Chief Justice Smith was the author of the " History of the Province of New York, from the first settlement down to the year 1732." He married, 3rd November, 1 752, Janet, daughter of James Livingston, Esq., ol New York, and died at Quebec, 6th December, 1 793. His Royal Highness Prince Edward fourtli son ol King George III, with a n\imerous train of friends, followed the corjjse to the grave. E. B. TEMPLE. Quebec, 9th December, 1880. J. [See Page 50.] LIEUT-COLONEL C. CAMPBELL. (1792-1872.) '< Lt. -Colonel Campbell, late of the old 99th Regiment of Foot (Prince of Wales, Begt.), died at hit residence at Bampcell, in the Township of Halifax Megantic, on Monday the 1 1th instant in the 80th year of his age. He was descended from the good old U. E. L., stock, who abandoned everything for their loyalty to their Sovereign, He served with distinction during the last 1 war on the American frontier, and was engaged in several actions on and about Lake Champlain, and at Niagara, where he was taken prisoner by an overwhelming force of Americans under the late General Winfleld Scott. He always spoke in the highest terms of the kindness he experienced from his captors while in their hands. After retiring from the army, he resided for many years at Quebec, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. Spending much of his time at the coves, his wonderful expertness as a swimmer enabled him, at various times, to save many valuable lives, the number whom he thus rescued exceeding fourteen, as we are credibly informed. The latter years of his life were spent in retirement on the borders of Lake William. — Chronicle^ November, 1872. K. [See page 57.] THE EARL OF SELKIRK. '< Thomas Douglas — fifth Earl of Selkirk, Baron Daer and Shortcleugh, Fellow of the Royal Society — was born in June, 1771, and lived an eventful life of forty-nine years. The family seat of St. Mary's Isle, in Kirkcudbright- shire, Scotland, at the mouth of the Dee, knew him but little in bis adventurous i^mi&i *"=^'wmflMijiaHHiH>itff^ 76 career. He was au author, n patriot, a colonizer, and a pbilanthropiHt. Of a perfervid race, ho was diHtingiiiHhed for enthuHiaHtic devotion to his projoctu. The intrepidity of the iJouglascH, the perHcvernnco of the ancient family of Mar, and the venturesomcnusH of the house of Anguu, wore all hiu iahcritauce by blood descent." — (liryee.) It would take a volume to follow the footsteps of this enthusiastic and clever Kcot in his projects of colonization and aggraadiscment in the North< West, which in the end brought much persecution and litigation on him. Uc died at Pau, in the Pyrenees, in 1820. [See page 59.J The following is a list of some of Montreal s Scotch citizens of the Past and present, idl of whom, an far as can bo ascertained from reliable information were born in Scotland, came to this country, have been or are citizens of Montreal, and have taken active parts in the atl'airs of their times : — PRESKNT. A. Sir Hugh Allan, Andrew Allan, Chas. Alexander, U. B. Angus Koljert Anderson. B. James Burns, Alex. Buntin. ■0. Dr. G. W. Campbell, Judge Cross, Professor J. Campbell, Jas. Court, James Croil. D. Wm. Darling, Geo. Denholm, George Drnmmond. JB. Robert Esdaile. P. Hon'ble James Ferrier. Q, David Oreenshields. H. Jonathan Hodgson. J. James Johnston. ■X. Wm. Kinloch. L. D. Law, Rev. Gavin Lang, Archdeacon Leach. M' H. E. Montgomerie, Jo.seph Mackay, J. O. McKenzie, Henry Morgan, Ewen McLennan, Hon. D. A. MacDonald (ex Lt.-Gov. Ontario, now living in Montreal), Robt. Mitchell, John Mitchell, Alex. Mitchell, Principal D. H. MacVicar, Professor J. C. Murray, David Morrice, Edward MacKay, Duncan Mclntyre, Rev. A. B. MacKay. IJ. 0. P. W. J. Patterson. H. Andw. Robertson, R. J. Reekie, Judge T. K. Ramsay, Peter Redpath. ■8. John Sinclair, Geo. Stephen. Hon. D. A. Smith, James Stewart (Herald), John Sterling. fU. Alex. Urquhart. ttliiii^aii^^i^ aitnndmi iiiHiifint. A. B. 0. D. E. F. O. H. I. J. L. M. N. 0. R, S. T. W. Y. 77 PAST. Robt. Armonr, John Armour, George Aiild. John BoBton, WaUer Benny, Rev. Dr. Black. Tho8. Cringan, Andrew Cowan. Geo. DempHter, Wm. Dow, David Davidson. Wm. Edmonstone, Hev. H. Esson. Wm. Frnser, M.D., Adam Ferric, Jameg Moir Ferres. Robt GilleHpie (uncle), Robt. OilleHpfe (nephew), F. Gilmour, Wm Gunn, B. J{. of Montreal. Archd. Hume, A. Hall, M.D. K. David Klnnear, IhralJ. James LchIIo, James Low, Sir Wm. Logan, Jum.-s Io-hu. John McKenzie, James Millar, Neil Macintosh, W. Mack Ilon'blo Peter McGill, Hon. W. Morris, Hon. T. Maokav, ll.-v Dr Mathicson (St. Andrew's Church), Hon. .Jam.;s McGill. ' ' Wm. I'eddie, John Orr. Donald Kohs, Hew Ramsay, Wm. Ritchie, John Redpath, Dr Robert- son, Andrew Robertson, Q.C., Chief Justice Rt-id. Colin R'iPsel Geo. Rhynas, Hon. John Richardson. ' Andrew Shaw, John Smith, Alex. Simpson Robert Simpson Sir George Simpson. John Torrance, David Torrance, Geo. D. Watson, Wm. Watson, Robert Weir. Hon'ble John Young. BRITISH OFFICERS WHO HAVE MARRIED IN CANADA. (List made up until departure of troops, 1871.) Rifle Brigade. Earl of Errol Miss Gore Ith Hussars. ?/*'• ^^•**' ^^'"s DeMontenach ' Major Campbell... .< Duchesnay 1 3th Hussars. Capt. Clarke Miss Rose Capt. Joyce « Austen Lieut. Miles « Esten Dr. Milburn .i Allan Royal Artillery. Col. Shakspear. . . Miss Panet Pipon « Ashworth FifzGerald ... " LeMoine (''•ifford <« LeMesurier Walker Mrs. Ball Haultain Miss Gordon De Winton... « Rawson Burrows " Cronyn Capt. Noble « Campbell " Parmer « DeBlaquiero " Farmer ■< FarrreU " Turner « Widder « ii II II i< " '.''WPPnifHIUUHNUUitiniK; «awanfl>WH«W?«»»«U»aas(i«si.UTmf-«,»,r-..*,*"^nnM.mrwmf„ 78 Dr. Diiflf Miss Scwcll Capt. Miwkcnbury. " Campbell Dr. Mclntowh " Wood Lieut. Irwin " Hamilton ' A. W. White. " Youns? " Appleby... " MacDunald " Sandilaiids . " Stevenson " Brown •' Kirkpatrick Capt. Hutham " Hale " Turner " Ozowski < Sandham . . " Maria Gzowski Col. Mackay " Wood Roi/al Engineers. Col. Gall wey Miss McDougall " Brown " Hunt Col. Ford " Uacey " White " Gibson " Ueatson .... «' Gordon " Murray •• Fishur Capt. Noble " Lunn " DcMontmorency " Motz '• Mann " Geddes " Birniiby .... " Felton " Jervois , '• Napier "' Farrull .,, ... " Jarvis Lieut. Carlisle " Thillips " Savage .... " Joly " Turner .... " SjjraRue '• Hon Bury . '• Aufitiu (iremi'iier Gunr'is. Lord Abinger MisH Macgruder Capt. Herbert " LcMoine Dr. Girdwood " BlackwcU Col'intreiim Gu'trh- Capt. Clayton Miss Wood '< Kirkiand " I'aterson ] nl Dragoon (iaards. Capt. Mills .Miss Hatt \tt Royah. Ciipt. DsKMiport Miss Sewell »' McNiooIl ..... " Wood VMh Jlusmrs. Capt. Clay Miss B'lwUanan Lieut. Moore " Ostell "(h Royal, Fiailkn. Capt. W. Pryce BiownMis.-i Prior Lieut. Winter " Seweil DM Ri'ffimenl. Capt. Straubenzee . . .Miss Cartwright " Terry " Taylor \5th Regiment. Lieut.-Col. Nash Miss Nanton Major Temple " Seweil Eden Caldwell 16 23rd Royal Welch FusHierx. Col. Crutfhley, . . . Capt. WillouKhby " Hopton . . . , Lieul. Battye . . . . , " Ffuson.. " Ra; nes . . . " Holland... " Agassiz . . . " Howell " Benyon . . . , How ley . . . . Grantham. .. . Browne Dr. Ur. Miss Harris . " l)eRochii!a\o , • Vaughan . " Walford " Hill " Bo. Mian '• Givins " Sihrani " Whitehead , < Allan <' Hollis " Blenkavne '• Massingbird 25th Rfigiment. ■Col. Crt'spigny Miss Buchanan 29//< Regiment. Col. Middleton Miss Doucet Capt. Phipp8 « Geddes 30/A Regimont. Col. Atcherlcy ... Miss Heward Capt. Mooison " McCiitcheon Capt. Birch '< Vass Dr. Paxton i. m iirray " Hooper •< Dalkin Capt. Clarkson « Coxwell I " Olascott '• Cayley " Nagle u Beli Lieut. Flemming " Sewell " Charlcwood ..." Postou 22nd Regiment. Dr. M. Ilealcy Miss Smith 39/^ Regiment. Capt. Dixon Miss Antrobus " Hawtayue " Healey ;• 'I'ryon u McLeod Lieut. Os'jorne Smitli. '• Smith " Hoare « Stott 47i Savage '• Berckley u Di.xon Dr. Jamieson u Cartwright 7l«< Regiment. Ens D^rr"* ;: IZ ; Major Denny , Miss Uichardson r,iis. ujxon « McMurray Capt. Scott u stay nor 53rd Regiment. Capt. Brown Miss DeWar Lieut. Hitchcock <• Feigusou C>'\tk Regiment. Capt. Ljike Miss Phillips Thompson. Boxer 5Gtk Regiment. Capt. Austin Miss Goff <>Oth Riftet. Capt. LeBreton Miss George " Hamilton « Wlllan " Travels • Johnson ' ^^*"^y '• Hincks " E. Antrobus.. - Brchaut '• Hanson « Brehaut Lieut, Orde « jaivis "iSr I Regiment. Lieut. Fitzgerald... .Miss Hamilton I "4«Lanandicie — Selby UeLery— Alley n iJeSalalierry— Haft Diichesnay— Wotherspoon Diichesnaj- — Giijjy Duchesnay—Diinn Diithesnav— Hradlmry Ihichosnay— Campbell Dnr hcsnay— I'rtvost Tuehesnay— Sharpies I )i'Cra8pe_ Alison I'eGaspe— Power I (iGaspi.—Stuart l)e(iaspi._Alleyn I leGaspe- uvaser I>e(;aspe_Kraser Drolet— Veilson Kiolet — ]\l<)tz Drolet— Laurie Dc.u.et— Middlcton i'esfdsses— Goadl.y Dabei-.T— Glaciuneyer l»t'sl!iviercs— M,Cord lieLoneuciiij — Grant I •eLont,'uiiiil— Grant l>osbanits_lVmb.rt^)n l>i'.sl,arafs— Pcmberton l'''Kliarats — Stlby Dosbarat.s— Smith i)oI!ellefeuill,._Lindsay Duberger—S levin Dtiberger - Nesbitt » 82 E Evantiircl — Lee Evanturel— Leo V Faribault— Anderson Fremont — Scott Fiaet— Powers Fiuet — Morrison G Gueroult^Lindsay Ganieau — Biuroii;,'h8 Gueroiilt — Lemesurier Guy — Pemhertou Guichard — Dunn H. Harael — Ciimpbcl 1 Hubert — Neilsou J. Juste — Vanfelson L. LaCorne — Lennox Langevin — Armstrong Langevi n — A rmstrong Langevin — Little Langevin — Phillips Langevin — McLean Langevin — Furniss Laterriere — Bulmer Laterri6re — Slevin Languedoc — Prinsckikoff Larue — Church Larue — Burroughs. LcMoino — McPherson LeMoine — Lindsay LeMoine — Melvin LeMoine — Woolsey LeMoine — McPherson Le Moi ne — Warrick LeMoine — Maxham LeMoine — FitzGerald Le Moine — Atk i nson LeMoine — Herbert LeMoine — Stimsoii LeMoine — Brigham LcMoino — Mackay LeVasseur — Smith Lamontagni! — Lee Langlois — McDonald Leblond — JaiUson Lamotte — Bell LeSage — Pemberton Lotbiiiierc — Munro M. Massue — Marret Moutenach — Pritchard Monde let — Carter Mondelet — Smith Mason — McKenzie Panet— Blake Polette— McCord Panet — Harwoud Pare — Slevin Pinsonnault — Hallowell Perrau 1 1 — Li ndsay Perrault — Uyan S. Sicotte — Worseley Savard — Sleviu Savard — Lee Taschereau — Routh Taschereau — Ross Taschereau — Pentland Taschereau — Charlton Taschereau — Harwood Taschereau — Alleyn Tessier — McKenzie Tessier — Kelly Turcotte — McDonald Voyer — Burroughs Verret— Shehyn Some explanations may not be out of place, in order to understand the above short tabular statement, relative to alliances in a few of the best known families. Starting with the illustrous old house of Longueuil we have the widow and the daughter of the third Baron de Longueuil, merging their 83 baronial name in that of Grant • a warliko r nP^.„-. Of «.. .„., ,.„., „, Eic.„j,So .:X4rrhi;r:i''°7i French Canadian politician ths Hnn i^o i. r, . *^ ^' *''"" « successful of Manitoba, carried off to ti Pra ^ ProZce l'T\ ^;«"*--^-«°--or a Lie Premier of Ontario Hon J s»nH«,.M u n .^ . ' T"" """b"""' »' . .... M™.er f»Mon.n.":nV,ru of,1:l ~ 'T""' late Premier Of Quebec Hon Pro ,,. "^ " ^' .*'"*J' "''"'^t **»« duugiiterof a eleven sages of our B^nrh v.v . ir t . °' "'^ '""^ *'»»". Mond.,c*Mc.Co,d iCr' Pole Ue s^l 'r;" "'"'"''• """'• ''■"•""'. "«' .ppc.r,„;reforcnLo .oL 1 ' 2.'"!;"; •'""'""■ •">-■«■" TUB END i:tuk.v:t >UItr> ^=Tlie Tourist's Note Hook, n4mo., l)y Cosmopolite, 2S pa,u;es. 1S70 ^■TIh' S\vor I'cchcrics du Canada, Hvo 18G3 ! *Meuinire de Monlealm, N'cngce, Svo 181)5 =.'=i;Allmni C.iiia.lien, 100 i)ages Svo 1S70 -•'•L Allium dii 'i'oiiriste, '.iX"! pages Svo IST.'J Notrs lli>lorii|iit's sur les Riie< de (2iiel)ec, 41 |)ages Svo. ... lS7t) Talileaii Sy ii'ipi i'lue des Oisi'aii.K dii Canada, a rii>age dt's eeole> 1S77 . , I DAWSON' HlioTIIKUS. MONTREAL. im.iiMicic -^ji^^vsON & CO., gUEHEC. Tlai.xu ju.uktii * ;iiL' out dl juiut and .sciircc. ri i) I \'r. DEUXIEMB JOUR. II t ; !i n « « II PRIERE. Veni, Sancte Spintus, etc. Venez, Esprit Saint, page 17. DEUXifilME LECTURE. 'e e {J 1- 5) ■^ 1 1 |s, i ie ( (I i • : : * « \i I I : / t\ * t * % i,« : t !\ i; * \ I I I • * » i.' : i • « • I • • ! J i.' i t i) 1 1 I « i( ! ; ( « \} n t.:. LE CHAPELET. La premiere fois que Bernadette apergut TApparition, toute saisie de crainle, elle mit instinctivement la main sur son chapelet. Elle voulut faire le signe de la croix et porter la main a son front ; mais son tremblement 6tait tel qu'elle n'eut pas la force de lever le bras. Get etat de stiipeur ne dura pas longtemps. Au dqux sourire de la Vierge, a son regard bien- veillanl, le calme commenga a renaitre dans son ame. Ce qui acheva de rassurer cette en- fant, ce fut de voir I'Apparition commencer a faire sur elle-m6me un majestueux signe de croix, puis a defiler dans ses doigts les grains d'un chapelet.. .A cette vue, saisie de joie, d'es- p6rance, Bernadette fait a son tour le signe de la croix, recite humblement son chapelet : Je crois en Dieu; Je vous salue, Marie, pleinede il t : f: k I t • i) i) : '. I.' t ; ii ) t; I : I.* *»••%••••• — \ I