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INFORMATION FOR ELECTORS - No. 2. 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS: 
 
 1 The Liberal-Conservative Policy. 
 
 THB CONBOLTOATION AND EFTBCTIVB UNION OF ALI# 
 THR PROVINCES AND TBRRITORT OF BRITISH NORTH 
 AMERICA INTO ONB PBOORBSSiVB AND HARMONIOUS 
 DOMINION Pace 2 
 
 THB DETEbOPMBNT OF FACILITIES FOB INTERNAL COM- 
 MUNICATION " 8 
 
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF CANADIAN INDUSTRIAL UFO " S 
 
 CANADIAN INDUSTRIES PER CENSUS RETURNS , " 4 
 
 IMPORTS OF RAW MATERIAL FOR MANUFAOTURINO PUB< 
 
 IMPORTS OF MEAT ENTERED FOR HOME CONSUMPTION. " 5 
 
 THB BSTABLISHMENT OF STEAMSHIP COMMUNICATION 
 
 WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES " 6 
 
 EXPORTS - AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS , " 
 
 I 
 
 THE MAINTENANCE OF BRITISH CONNECTION, AND THE 
 ULTIMATE UNION OF BRITAIN AND HSR COLONIES IN 
 ONB IMPERIAL WHOLE 
 
 2. Canada Under Grit and Liberal-Con- 
 
 servative Administration. 
 
 'AS TO FOREIGN TRADE , ,.... " 10 
 
 AS TO HOME BUSINESS , .^ ,. " 11 
 
 COMPARISON OF PERIODS OF ADMINISTRATION « ., "12 
 
 3. Preferential Trade. 
 
 TBB BBNSFITB OF PREFERENTIAL TRADE "13 
 
 ' THB PRACTIOABIUTY OID PREFBRENTIAIi TRADE «. " 14 
 
 CANADA'S DUTY " 1« 
 
» <-'ur 
 
 JiM 
 
 "■ -^ 
 
 The Liberal-Conservative Policy.. 
 
 Tlie following are tbe broad lines 
 on which ts l»«e<l the Policy of the 
 Liberal ConscrratiTe part#:— 
 
 1. THE CONSOLIDATION AND EF- 
 FECTIVE UNION OF ALL THE 
 PBOVINCB8 AND TERRITORY 
 OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA 
 LNTO ONE PROGRESSIVE AND 
 HARMONIOUS DOMINION. 
 
 From the first th|g has been the con-r 
 sisteat and steady purpose of tbe 
 Liberal-Conservative party, and has 
 been carried out. 
 
 (a) By enlarging the borders of 
 Confederation. 
 
 Sir John A. Mactlonald. Sir George 
 E. Cartler. Sir Charle* Tupper, Sir 
 I^eonanl Tlllcy and tb«ir able, coadju- 
 tors led the way In the Confcdcratiuu 
 of the four Provinces In 1.807. 
 
 This was followed np by the pur- 
 chase of the Great . Nortbrwest from 
 the Hudson Bay Company in IHUU, 
 aud the Incorporation of a vast terri- 
 tory, nnrlvallod la richness of re- 
 sources, and destined to be the very 
 lieart of our country. 
 
 In 1871 the Great Pacific Province 
 was added, and British Columbia be- 
 came a part of the Dominion -a Pro- 
 vince of Inexhaustible mineral wealth, 
 and great resources in fish, himber 
 •lud fuTnilng. 
 
 In 1873 Prince Edwar^ Island was 
 added to the Confederation. These 
 ndditions all took, place under I^ilv 
 eral-Conscrvatlve Government. 
 
 The Llbernls either openly opposed. 
 or crabbedly criticized their acqHis»l- 
 tion: partly from lack of faith lu their 
 resources, partly from dissatisfaction 
 with tbe terms. 
 
 To-day Newfoundland alone re- 
 mains outside tbe Confederation, and 
 the Liberal-Conservatives copsider It 
 a fixed part of their policy to Induce 
 that "Gateway Island of the UnlC" 
 to become a part of Canada. 
 
 (b) By encouraging a bopeful and 
 patriotic spirit. 
 
 Tbe Liberal - Csnservative party 
 have from the first sought to mini- 
 va)x» tbe differences of race, creed 
 
 aud section, and to keep In full view 
 the great advantages of a United 
 Canada. 
 
 The Liberals have followed exactly 
 the opi)<>«lte policy. Tlvey have com- 
 pared Canada to the United States 
 to the disparagement of the former. 
 Tbey have m^gnltied the difOcnltles 
 of our Kcographiral position, and de- 
 clared them an absolute ol)st)iele to 
 union of interest and advantage. 
 
 Thoy have thrown Into baleful 
 proniluence diversity of race and 
 crc«?d, and subordinated the elements 
 that make for a common and patriotic 
 nntionul life. 
 
 To them Is to be credited the only 
 deliberate attempt yet made to break 
 the Confederation Into atoms, when 
 Messrs. Fielding aud Longley led the 
 repeal movement In 1886, the olijert 
 of which- was to take Nova Sootin. 
 New Brunswick and Prince Edward 
 Island out of the Union. I'o this day 
 the Liberal Party bas never repudiat- 
 ed this attempt to d|8*nember Can- 
 ada: to this day It fellowships and 
 lauds tlie repeal leaders. 
 
 Fortunately the lillieral Influence, 
 wh le no doubt retarding Canada' •« 
 projcrpss in , tho«e respects, has not 
 been paramount ; the Liberal-Conser- 
 vative influence has prevailed, and 
 been successful In imparting a strong 
 and hopeful cQOtfdence in our future, 
 in developing a firm faith lo our re- 
 sources, and fostering the belief, fast 
 becoming a creed, that . Canada is 
 destined to become a great and pow- 
 erful country. 
 
 The second, fundamental article of 
 tlie Liberal-Conservative Policy Is:— 
 
 2. THE DEVELOPMENT OF FACI- 
 LITIES FOR INTERNAL COM- 
 MUNICATION. 
 
 What veins and arteries are to the 
 human body, so are railways and 
 water lines to a country, and the 
 larger the country tbe greater the 
 necessity for litem. 
 
 The Liberal-Oonservative I^eadflm 
 early perceived tbe nooesaity for 
 these. With firm faith in the future 
 tbey proceeded to build thorn. At 
 great cost tbey bave coptinued tbem 
 
 
 > J : 
 
 
 
'■'■i'.. .' 
 
 towards their completion. To-iSay Can- 
 ada boaata tbe finest equipment for 
 li'temnl I'onnnorce of any <-onntrv of 
 P'lunl popnlnt!<m In tbe world. One 
 tliouHand two Inmdred mile» of Gov- 
 eruiuent Hnllway— velnlnp Prince Ed- 
 ward Island, oonverjflnK from Chnr- 
 lottotown, Sydney. Halifax, ricton, 
 and Ht. John to MonotOD, and thence 
 niunlnis to CJuobee, tliorj* join 
 on to the Hallway conneetloua of the 
 wl.ole Continent of America. 
 
 Six thousand five hundred miles of 
 ranadinn riulflc Itaiiway connnct St. 
 John with Vnmiouver and Victoria, 
 nnd belt Ontario. Quebec and the 
 wide prairies with lateral lines— 
 preat purvej-ors of the products of 
 the Qiuadian mine nnd forei^ and 
 Held to the markets of the world. 
 
 Three thousand two hundred milea 
 of Grand Trunk Hallway intersect 
 every part of Ontarioi and Quebec, 
 and fumkib an admirable network of 
 mechanism of tranSj. rt. In all there 
 aie 16,000 miles of Railway for our 
 r..on<).000 people. 
 
 Then there Is onr canal and rlrer 
 nnd lake system of transport, now 
 nearly ronrplete<l, givlag a depth of 
 27'^ feet to Montreal, a depth of 14 
 feet over the St. Tinwren(>e Canals, 
 nnd openin/? out Into Lake Huron 
 thrfrtiiuh the new Sault Ste. Marie 
 Cnnnl. which jjlves us independent 
 access to the very heart of the West. 
 
 Prom the flrst the Ivlberal-Conserva- 
 ttves have never wavered in pushinpr 
 those great channel* of communica- 
 tion forward. 
 
 They eommenjced the Intercolonial 
 in their first administration, and 
 completed It in their subsequent term 
 of power, adding thereto all the Im- 
 liort-int branches. 
 
 They staked tlieir political fortunes 
 on the building of the Canadian Pa- 
 cific, and foiight it to a sueoessful 
 finish againsii the ijerslstent and 
 steady oppoaitloni of the IJborais. 
 
 In 1881i tliey adopted the policy of 
 subsidizing railroads, and slnee that 
 time have expended thereon $14,130,- 
 737, and assisted, by this and other 
 aid, in ootmpleting 8,646 miles of rail- 
 way. These have proved of great 
 advantage In local development, and 
 as valuable feeders to the main Hues 
 of comanerce. 
 
 They have energetically pushed for- 
 ward the canal improvements until 
 they are now nearly completed, and 
 have wholly built the Sault Canal, 
 which renders Canada iadopeudcnt 
 of the whims and caprices of our 
 neicbbora to the aoutli. 
 
 • ■V-w. 'A. - **.-MV 
 
 Tbey hare ezpefuded gtmawtaiij on 
 public works, via., ImipirovouHiQt of 
 hurbora and riVera. 
 
 Since Confederation the following 
 auma have been expended on capital 
 account on 
 
 Rall'Wfly». 5120,077.822. 
 
 f>.S*l». $4»l.474,084. 
 
 Public WorkiS. f4t.fi2f>,»13. 
 
 It will be seen that 84 per cent of 
 the expendltum in railways, 71 per 
 cent, of the total expenditure upcA 
 canals, etc., and 85 per cent, of the 
 total spent on public works, have 
 lieen under Ijlberal-Conservative ad- 
 ministration. 
 
 The third Hank in the Liberal- 
 Conaervntive Policy la;— 
 
 3. THE DEVELOPMENT OF CANA- 
 DIAN INDUSTUIAL LIFE. 
 
 No matter what natural reaourcea 
 a country mny bave, i!i can never be- 
 come gri>at and prosperous without 
 a multiplicatiou of industries, which 
 call forth the diverse capabilities of 
 the peoi)le, fuiruish them with variety 
 of empioynicnt, create aggregations 
 of c.ipltal and labor for making up 
 the raw material resources of it* own 
 and foreign countries, and turn out 
 finished products for home nnd 
 foreign consumption. 
 
 TMko her woollen, and cotton, and 
 iron iudiiatries out of (Jreat Britain, 
 nnd wlint would be left? 
 
 Keniore the textile and metal In- 
 dustries fnmi the United States, and 
 even her great mntural resources of 
 land, timber and flsiheriea would not 
 sustain her poipulation or ensure her 
 progreaB. 
 
 So in Canada we must have our 
 workers in iron, In woallens, in cot- 
 tons, in woods, in refining and 
 ni.iniifaetUTlug of all kinds, or we 
 cannot hope 4q grow and l)ecome 
 great. Farming and lumbering and 
 fishing are not la themselvtsa suffi- 
 cient. In Canada we are peculiarly 
 situated alongside of a moat pro- 
 gressive and keenly competitive peo- 
 ple, and must, tc a large extent, be 
 influenced by their industrial policy. 
 
 Sir John A. Macdonald perceived 
 all this, and dm-lng tlie years of the 
 Mackenzie administration evolved 
 tlK! policy of developing our indus- 
 tries by a reasonable and sufficient 
 protection which, while it should 
 not be so higli as to entirely bar out 
 foreign products, should yet give a 
 point of advantage to our owor in- 
 dustxles. against the superior skill, 
 
 > ■;. , 
 
mpltal, aiHl nnlarged oiitpnt of tW 
 •United Btatpfl and other uaimfactar- 
 iDg eountri(>s. 
 
 The whole oonntry at that tiow ^^^ 
 mandpd U. On» hiin()red thooaaa*! 
 faniioFH rx'tidonwl fr»r protection for 
 their i»ro«hictH. »«hjt'eted to rninmmm 
 compotltion from the i:aite<l Htatn^ 
 while t^•> I'TiitiHl Hiates raUed m 
 lilffh taritf wall flKaiuMt onr fa 
 prodiM'lx. iManufac"tur<*r» of all el 
 eti Joitifd in the dtiuand and for fba 
 mme rt^aon. 
 
 The Li horn J« refUM>d to do mwf- 
 thinur, and left (he indiiRtri»>ii of rai»- 
 ada to the merry of Intrenrhed and 
 iwwerfnl foroinfu conip«*lition. Hir 
 Jolia M.Ktlniiald Iniinclu'd hijt polf«^ 
 of national prolecHon: tin* i)«»opU» 
 look it up, nnd in 1H7S defcnted fh^ 
 Matken/Jo (Jovenvnient, ami mmt 
 the I,il>enil-('<>n.Hervntlve Party liack 
 to i>o\ver witli ri inundate for \eni9- 
 Intlou whicli sixmid as far as pn«i- 
 ■IWe maintain "rnniula for the Cmn- 
 ndlana." The National roller tarW 
 was t'nacted. At onee imiiLHtrio* 
 api'UDC up, br.Hinoss pevlve<l, htbor 
 
 .'»!, CANADIAN INrUflTCIBS 
 
 •avlojinnit; the dvinaiM) for 
 
 of farm ptrodocta In- 
 
 and pro«perlt7 waa enjoyed 
 
 U 1887. and In 1891 tha 
 bf oT«rw)ielming majoritlea 
 Ma poller, and r^turoed 
 Uhtnt- C ma m 1 1 attvea to po'wer to 
 it. The polity approved 
 im tb» lotellltrrace of the elect- 
 
 it ham be^n nhe resulta? 
 A sRiat 4«Tela|>ment of Imlueti'ial 
 acrleaitufal actlrity. Thia Is 
 
 «ai 
 
 By a coinp rlsoo irxf the 
 trmmm retoma of 1881, as (xynvpared 
 wftb UVL Tbia does not acconnt for 
 llv laoaaae \rblc4) took rda<v be- 
 rwmm 1079. -wlion the National Pol- 
 MT *W iiiauiruniti?d, azKl 1881, wlieu 
 ihr ftrntu* waa taken (a ipeiiod of 
 ibraa Tcara). nor for the incrcaae 
 andoubtedly taken place 
 th» last census of 1801, a per- 
 af ire years. But for the ten 
 the following official rotum 
 itJy: 
 
 CiaEBL'S BXTURNS. 
 
 
 - 
 
 MM 
 
 Variati«n. 
 
 
 
 
 Iner«Me. 
 
 p. 0. 
 
 Kiim!)AT of offLAhll^IimontJi 
 
 am 
 
 auii.191 
 
 as.246 
 
 189,663.327 
 
 115,363 
 
 41.aCl.948 
 
 7S.im.849 
 
 lfl8.3!7.019 
 
 SS 
 
 Capital Invostod 9 
 
 111 
 41 
 
 Wages paid 9 
 
 Pout, of mw material " 
 
 Valim of T>rofluct8 " 
 
 69 
 
 42 
 fi3 
 
 
 
 <b) "By a com pari Ron of Ini'porta *A 
 this conntry to he worked op t)y 
 Tht; following table la a wonderf^il 
 
 matcrUiIs brought into 
 
 
 '\ 
 
 0t thias- 
 
 IMIX)RTS OF RAW MATRRIAU ftm MAXUFACTC&ING PURPOSES. 
 
 Artiote. 
 
 Wool 
 
 Cotton 
 
 Hides 
 
 Gutta Percha and Rubber . 
 
 Hemp 
 
 Lninbcr, etc 
 
 Raw Sngar 
 
 .Cwt. 
 
 UVJ 
 
 
 L»il.KTS 
 
 l.l».714 
 
 Increase 
 
 189S 
 •rerlSTS. 
 
 1.51»,M6 
 
 38,082,419 
 
 744.519 
 
 1.5Jo.8a4 
 
 127.478 
 
 S72.UtS 
 
 30,78B,1«1 
 
 Per Cent 
 
 of 
 Incroane. 
 
 24 2-5% 
 
 523 7»10 X 
 
 CI 3-5 X 
 
 838% 
 
 377% 
 
 62 3-5% 
 
 2845% 
 
 V-- 
 
p 
 
 
 Farmorly the fltilnhctt articles, 
 made la forolKn couutri<« and by 
 foreign Inlbor and t'npitnl, were 
 hrotifbt in, and Canadian money 
 wont oirt to pay for atl thU. Now 
 ttie rnw material Is bron^ht in and 
 Canndi.iu labor ratkes up the flniflh- 
 ed product, and Is paid here, and the 
 wac«*jj cxp«iidcd here. 
 
 (f) .By stimulating the fanners* 
 production for lK>th home and foreign 
 demand. 
 
 The famior's homo markot l» a 
 moat important aao. He feeds the 
 ;>eoi)le who do not farm, 1. c., the 
 dweller* in viNa);o«i|, towns, «ud 
 «ltim». Every additional family in 
 tltese cnlarKi'S by that muth the do- 
 ntaukl for his products. 
 
 Wen, uinee 1878 the poptilation In 
 Canadian towns, and villages, and 
 eltlo.'* has incrcaseil by 750.000. 
 CoiHitinjr five to a family, this Rives 
 an addition of 150,000 families to be 
 fed by the farmers of Canada. Sup- 
 Ijoae each family conaumcs on an av- 
 erage 1300 worth of farm products— 
 
 CZS9, mentA butter, cheese, milk, 
 Te«,et«Mes, fl*ur, etc., these 150,000 
 additional families create an \Ur 
 circasi'd market for $45,000,000 for 
 the farmers of Canada now as uoni- 
 pared with 1878. 
 
 And every one knows that the 
 dhlef factor in bulldin« up the popu- 
 lation of the towns is the expansion 
 of Industrial establlshmenis, and 
 greater call for labor emri^oyTnent. 
 
 But the National Policy has as- 
 sisted the farmer In another and di- 
 rect way. 
 
 Before 1878 farm praduce came Into 
 Canada free from the United States, 
 and drove our farmers out of our 
 own markets. Since 1878 the farm 
 products of the United States have 
 beeu met by the tariff, and our mar- 
 kets have been kept for our own 
 farmers. In 1889 33,112.701 pounds 
 of meat products, valued at f 1,754,- 
 225, were brought into Canada. In 
 iSOO the protection was increased, 
 and the result has been as indicated 
 io the following table:— 
 
 IMP0RT3 OF MEAT EVTEUED FOIl HOME CONSUMPTION. 
 
 
 
 1883-90. 
 
 1890-01. 
 
 1S03-9S. 
 
 1801-S5. 
 
 
 Dacon, hams and shoulders. 
 Salt licet (in barrels) 
 
 ..Lbs. 
 
 U 
 •« 
 f« 
 
 4..'U3,653 
 
 6,443,105 
 
 246,363 
 
 17,185.7(M 
 
 4,881.780 
 
 2,570,413 
 
 3,715.101 
 
 6.388 
 
 11,116,948 
 
 801,655 
 
 670,165 
 
 2.316.588 
 
 J.1S2 
 
 3,SC-3.5i6 
 
 147.634 
 
 838.883 
 2,011,866 
 
 Mutton 
 
 57,815 
 3,253,022 
 
 rork 
 
 I Art 
 
 236,226 
 
 
 
 Total lbs 
 
 33.112.701 
 
 17,400,504 
 
 6,909,051 
 
 6335,843 
 
 
 
 
 Value 
 
 $1,734,225 
 
 $073,313 
 
 $152,813 
 
 $401,638 
 
 
 Bbls. 
 
 Floor (wheat) 
 
 185,4.^8 
 
 65.881 
 
 31,507 
 
 47,883 
 
 f 
 
 That is, comparin? 1805 with 1800, 
 the farmer's home market in the 
 aljoive articlfs has l»een onlarend in 
 volume by 27,000.000 pounds, and in 
 value by $1,300,000. 
 
 Once give the farmer control over 
 oar own market, and maJie bim rea- 
 
 sonnlily soTc from outside competi- 
 tion, and he f<>oIs couti«l'uoc. and 
 goes on to enlarge his oi)err.tions for 
 home and foreign markets. TItat he 
 has done and is doing this in Canada 
 the following table sbOT7s:— 
 
 iK ■ 
 
•XPOBTfc-AORICTTI.TURAL 
 
 PROOrCTS. 
 
 
 
 UTL 
 
 USD. 
 
 '•■•■"•' ' 1 T 
 
 
 USX 
 
 rhtiMt .... ... 
 
 • 1,997 jn 
 187,319 
 110,CU 
 1I9.» 
 
 8.iu,«:t 
 
 1.171,718 
 
 fi».337 
 
 l.iaU3l 
 
 f 9,373.212 
 
 iX)7.1SS 
 
 23,ffi4 
 
 007,921 
 
 snu.au 
 
 1.0)0.073 
 1.371.317 
 6,919,117 
 
 
 Haom 
 
 fll.3SS.Qn 
 3,616.107 
 
 ApplM Urreea aad diy).. ...... ........ 
 
 £30,001 
 
 'Wheat and floar 
 
 2,071,788 
 
 
 6.2ai.fSl 
 
 Rhmil r- 
 
 1.3l3.(r.-S 
 
 QnHla 
 
 l.«1.4»7 
 
 
 7.120.823 
 
 ToUI 
 
 •UJ65.9M 
 
 •33.07 1, :»! 
 
 |36.1S7,SUI 
 
 
 Tlie fourtb plank in tbe Llberal- 
 Couservatlve I'ollcjr i*:— 
 
 4. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF 
 STEAMSHIP COMMUNICATION 
 • WITH FOBBIGX OODNTRIBS. 
 
 This, in its order, romes to be a 
 most Important port oC the Llberal- 
 CouserTUtlve Polloj. 
 
 First, unite and consolidate tbe 
 country politically; second, open It 
 «p l)y railway*, canala and rirer 
 improvoments; third, develop its In- 
 duistrial and atrricultnral lift- in the 
 multiplication and variety of employ- 
 ment and production. 
 
 Then the next step n«»ceRBarlly fol- 
 lows in providing; tbe mechanism for 
 the export of the sorplns products of 
 our industries, our farms, our fish- 
 eries and our mines. 
 
 'IMie Liberal-ConaerratiTes have un- 
 dertaken this with vigor and succew. 
 
 In 1887 they placed tbre»r regular 
 lines of Rteanishipn on tbe route be- 
 tv^een St. .lohn and Halifax and tbe 
 West Indies and South America. De- 
 spite ull dilttculties these have been 
 operated with growing success, and 
 Imve afforded a nsost valuable outlet 
 for farm and manufactured products 
 iu that direction. 
 
 Our tot.Ti West Indian trade, which 
 iu 1S.S7 auiountcl to M.OnaOOO. rose 
 iu lSJ>:j to $8.7UO.OUU. or an inereaae 
 of 117 per cent, since tbe steam ser- 
 vice was put on. The West Indies 
 now stand third in tbe list of coun- 
 tries with which we trade, coming 
 ne:(t after Great Britain and tbe 
 United States. 
 
 In 1800 a l^ne of fast steamships 
 was. iu conjunction with tbe British 
 Guvommeut. sulisidwd to run be- 
 tween Vancouver and Victsria and 
 China and Ja^uu Tbe XxmOb between 
 
 tii«»sc points has grcntly liurrnsotl. In 
 ISM lo 1.S70 It .iviTagtvl Hilly :^ii:i:i,««((i: 
 frir tile last live years it ha.s averaged 
 ?J,NU<),ooo— an increase of '^m per 
 cent. 
 
 In 1803 a line of steamers was sul>- 
 sidized to run between Hrltlsli Col- 
 umbia ports and the Australian Colo- 
 nies. The volume of trade has prov- 
 ed very satisfactory, aud Is luorea.s- 
 Ing each year. It is proljalile tlji»t 
 fortnightly trips will soou liave to Iw 
 made to accommodate the growing 
 traffic. 
 
 I>uriug tlie winter of 18f)5 and 1S00 
 an experiment was made in sul)sidix- 
 Inj; a line of special freight steamers 
 from St. John. N. R. direct to Liver- 
 pool, with a view of testing tlie fe.isl- 
 bility of Canadian winter nort 
 through 8liipmeut.s. The experiment 
 luis l)een eminently successful. Full 
 cargoes have been carried out and In, 
 and in addition to the stipulated sail 
 lugs of the Beaver Llue, extra bo:its 
 had to be put on to move the freight 
 which offered, and ships of other 
 companies came as well for occ.nslon- 
 al cargoes. The tliimess Line ran dtir- 
 Ing the season with full cargoes jind 
 additional vessels. It is estimated that 
 'M steamers with a cai>aclty of »i;>.17.1 
 tons carried freight valued at $.'}.000,- 
 (KlOoiit of tlie Port of St. John during 
 th«' Ncn.son from Novpuihor to April. 
 
 So satisfactory has this trial been 
 that tlie Government has announced 
 Its policy to withdraw all subsidies 
 for mails or freight to steamers which 
 make a winter port on this side the 
 Atlantic outside of a Canadian 
 port. It has lieen determined also to 
 put a line of freight vessels on bo- 
 tweeu Canada and France, which will 
 likely begin sailings early this sca- 
 bon. 
 
 Fw several years the Govern- 
 ment poUcj; has been annonaced in 
 
 .a*. 
 
faror of placing a fast Itn* of iteam- 
 •hlpfl bctwceu Gnnnda and <}it»at 
 liiitaln, e4]nal in iipo«>(l and eqult>* 
 ni*nt to tht> Ktpniiw>i-n ptylnn to New 
 York. A wnbKldy of |75().«X«) hna lM»<'n 
 voted 1)7 Pnrllanieat, and the Biitlih 
 Govern nicnt baa decided to adtl 
 laAO.OOO to thla. i A teadera liave al- 
 ready been onlled for. Never before 
 Iiaa the BrttlNh Government fione ro 
 far aa to endorHe and co-o|)crat«> with 
 the iiollcy of direct faat ronimnnlca- 
 tlon between Canada and Britain. 
 When thifl lino is in operntton. the 
 comninuli*atioi) will be contlnuoiia 
 und coni(>lvtH frrrm Aimlralasla. nn^l 
 fhe east acnws tlie I'adflc to Vanoou- 
 vcr. orer the t'amulinn railways lo 
 tite Atlantic fwrtH, nnd thence to 
 Liverpool and l/onuhtn. 
 
 The benefit to Canada from inch a 
 central and favored iwsltlon cannot 
 but I>e Bifrnnl and (jratifyine. 
 
 So much, then, for the Llberal-Oon- 
 aervative Policy. It la backed and 
 co-o|ierated with by the Australian 
 Coluuica and Great Britain, it is of 
 Immense inu)ortance ta Canada and 
 the Empire, it is ttiorougbly endorsed 
 by the Boards of Trade and buslncHs 
 men of Canada. The President of tbo 
 Toronto Board of Trade, who Is a 
 Liberal in polities, in his annual ad- 
 dross, .Innuary 28th. 1896, said:— 
 
 "Wl'.li a taM Atlantic service, a 
 swift, throqffb rail route from the 
 Atlantic to the Paclflc, with a fur- 
 ther swift line of stcamera from Van- 
 <-oiiv«>r to Japan, China and Austra- 
 lia, I see notbiiiK to prevent Canada 
 from bocomiDd; the gi«at highway of 
 the world between tlie East and the 
 West; teas, coffees, fruits, silks, and 
 other Eastern products will be car- 
 ried by our railways, and C!anada it- 
 self brought proininontly before the 
 wotid in a manner that in the past 
 the most sanguine never conceived 
 IMtsslbli'. In what better way can 
 our country be advertised? In what 
 lu'ttcr way bring to the n<jtice of toll- 
 ing millions the grand rolling prairies 
 of the North-west, that only want the 
 hands of men to blossom into fruitful- 
 DCPs nnd brrojne the means of wealth 
 .nml Imppincss to mililous of the bu- 
 iv.r.n rJKtV 
 
 But the Liberal party, beaded by 
 Mr. Laurier, and followed by Sir 
 Uichard Cartwright. Mr. David Mills, 
 Mr. Louis Davics and others, has per- 
 sistently denounced and opposed the 
 establishing of ev«ry 0Ue of these 
 lines uf Btcamsbips, and fought the 
 subsidies in nnd out of Parliament! 
 
 Another article in the Liiberalf€0O- 
 aervative crAed Js.:— 
 
 • ■) 
 
 6. THE MAINTBNANCTB OF BRIT- 
 I8H <H)NNLX7rH>Ni AND 'HIB 
 III/TIMATB UNION OK BUIT- 
 AIN AND HEm COLONIES IN 
 G..B IMP£}R1AL WHOLH. 
 
 The Liberal-Conservative Policy, 
 has no place for the annexation 
 doctrines of Mr. liSlls— the luoet pro- 
 mlDent and leadiu({ Liberal in Do- 
 minion i>oiitics in the I*rovince of 
 New Brunawick, and who for years 
 has oiieuiy advocated union with iJie 
 United 8tatce; nor for the o^icn ayim- 
 pathy and advocacy of the Ilitts. rb^. 
 Wtmami. the Shermans, the Dana^, 
 and other leading United States pu- 
 iitlctans. with whom the LihoralM 
 have for years, and do now, frnter- 
 nlze; nor fer repealers and I'tteinies 
 of Canadian Federal unity, HUch as 
 the Fleidings, the I^engleys. an<l the 
 Davles of the Liberal party; nor for. 
 the detractors and defamera nf Can- 
 ada's presenii and future, like Sir 
 HIchard Cartwriglit and his follow- 
 
 The Ltbcral-Conoenratives believe 
 In the future of Canada. Thoy stand 
 for her eomplete Independence, in 
 liscnl and poMtieal mattem, of the 
 United Stales; they are a unit for 
 BtrcngtheD'ing the bonda that new 
 jolu us to the Mother Land, and 
 for gathering into one great Binplrt? 
 tihe Mother Land and all the deitend- 
 ciiclcs. They believe that the one 
 sure way to bring this about is 
 
 (a) Tot perfect the means of com- 
 munication between Great Britain 
 nnd her colonies, and between tb«> 
 colonies themselves. 
 
 (b) To develop a growing comm<un- 
 Ity of businem and trade interests 
 within tho Empire, and facilitate thid 
 by closer cable and steamship con- 
 uectlons. 
 
 (c) To ipreas forward with nil reas- 
 onable 8i)eed, aoHl by carefudly con- 
 sidered ,mothe<ls towards the con- 
 sirmmatlou of a aystem of trade re- 
 laUooa witihin the Empire itself, 
 which shall give advanta^etb and 
 preference to the prodtrets of the E>m- 
 plre over products of all outride 
 countrlea. 
 
 The policy of Great Britnin as 
 outlined by the present Colonial Se- 
 cretary, the Bight Hon. Joseph 
 Chamberlain, looks In this direction, 
 and the times are becomin«r ripe for 
 forward movuraeqt. The idea of In- 
 tfor-In>perlal trade preference is no 
 longer a dream, 1>ut has ent*ered the 
 field ef praetlcal pellt^a. It holds 
 oat for Caiiii4«i tli« prooiler C0I0B7. 
 
wItM ita woDdMrfol naource*. and 
 lU oentrml poaitloo. a proiulae of iu- 
 mexiaa adrantase. 
 
 The Libera I-Caoaenrat4T« Party 
 may b« truatrd to derelop that idea. 
 Ita record nod its tradttiona are 
 fvarantae tlierefor. 
 
 We quote in idila connection the 
 cloalnir paraxraiAia of the Bodxet 
 apeecb. delivered by Hon. Q. IS. Foa- 
 ter. Miniater of Finance, in January. 
 1896: 
 
 CLOSBR TRADB RBLATION8 WITH 
 THB BMPIBM. 
 
 "Bat there la a line which I think 
 it ia poBfrible. and I believe It ia 
 right that the atateamanahlp of thia 
 country aa well aa ef Great Britain 
 and ofbcr cotoiBeB of tbe liiiuiidre 
 abould consider aad ponder careful- 
 ly and well, and that is whether it 
 in not posRtUe for anateamaoHhip in 
 the colonics and Great Britain to 
 briuB about between ttie colonies aa 
 amongst tbema^Tes and l)etwe«u 
 the caioniea and Great Britain cou- 
 forrent acMon which will l>e condu- 
 cive to the commercial Interests of 
 both, and wMch wifll reault in great- 
 er fKnrer and atrenirth. I r?ad an 
 article but a little time ago in the 
 Nineteenth Oenturyi Review, in 
 which the g«ueral question which is 
 agitatiDff many thoitghtfiil minds at 
 tbe prcaent day waa raiMvd and dis- 
 cussed, am ao whether the Empire 
 would t>e able to feed itaelf in the 
 event of a war aKainst Great Britain 
 which would cut oft her sopiies from 
 hostHe nations Feed itself! Why, 
 air. if statiemnanahip ia not able, 
 practlcaly to solve that question, 
 statesmanship must find It impos- 
 sible to 6(^ve any of the great qnes- 
 tions which from time to time pre- 
 sent themselves for con8id<>ration. 
 The Eimpire able to feed itself! Ye«i. 
 This article ahowed that 100,000,000 
 bushels 0f wheat were necessary to 
 England, ether than tliat wlilcb tbe 
 colonies afforded her at tbo present 
 time, in ord^ to feed the pe<^le of 
 the Ehi^ire there. One hundred 
 mlHona buabels of wlieat! Why. 
 fifty thousand Canadian farmers 
 wifta 100 acres each, in wheat, and 
 rajsiag 20 bushels to the acre, would 
 produce tbe 100,000,000 of bushels of 
 wheat needed by Great Britain. And, 
 what la fifty thousand fanners cul- 
 tivating five millions of acres, com- 
 parad with the Bogineb farmers want- 
 ing smployment and the nand>ers nf 
 mlllaos of acres of good wheat land 
 in BLuitoba and fbe North-west 
 TtoMmiitm, whidk baa not yet l>eeu 
 ■cmttMd 3>z Cte f^^noghl ¥eata to 
 
 tbe Talue of one hundred sod forty 
 mllHona of doHars would need to be 
 supplied by the colonies, to make 
 np for Great Britain's dr4\cioafy, sup- 
 plied now from foreign coiiutri«fa^ 
 Well, cattle, ari horses, and pigs in 
 illlntitable ciut.ntlty ceuld be mlsed 
 in this country. And as to bwrter and 
 cheese: fifty thousand faimiers own- 
 ing each fifty cows, amounting to 
 2.500,000 in munAjers, wouM supply 
 butter and cheese going far to meet 
 the dcTuantlM of Great Britain for 
 such supplies. And. w4i!h the vast 
 lands of the Nrvrth-west. that is not 
 an estimato wiiich cannot be reach- 
 ed, if adequate meaus were taken to 
 bring irt aliout. 8o, nir, 1 might go 
 on to ami>lify this. Tbe sugar which 
 la necessary for the consumption of 
 Great Britain vould be 8up|>t)ed by 
 the Weift Indies, and by the East 
 Indies, with the culttvation of tbe 
 cane lands which are now Koing out 
 of use, and which by iti« diminution 
 is Impoverishing tbe planti>rs and 
 the biOorers of tthe West Indies. That 
 ipduatry might again have ita period 
 of flourlshiag and its reward of re- 
 mimerative production were concur- 
 rent action taken in Britain and tbe 
 Islands. So, all the way through. It 
 is a problem wtaich only requires time 
 and good statesmanship to snive.An'l, 
 as I said !l>efore, it Is for Canada, for 
 Anstiralia, for the other colonies of 
 Great Britain and for Great Britain 
 henself to ponder this seriously and 
 carefully; to consider whether or not 
 an arrangement cannot be come to 
 which will make tbe Empire and its 
 dependencies sufficient within them- 
 gelres to feed the Empire, and by 
 doing that add to the volume of busl- 
 nesR. and to a mutually remunerative 
 production. And, sir, the statesman- 
 ship which could formulate some scch 
 policy of mutually beneficial trade 
 would achieve an end infinitely high- 
 er and more wide-reaching. It would 
 evolve from tbe dark foreground of 
 the not distant future a national life 
 of singular strength and beauty, in 
 which Canadian Britain, and Austra- 
 lasian Britain, tue Britain of Asia and 
 Africa and of the Isles of the Sea. 
 would group themselves in grand im- 
 perial unity: the old enriching the 
 new. and the new imparting fresh 
 strength to tbe old— through whose 
 Trnrld-wide realm the blood of a com- 
 mco commerce should mingle with 
 the blood of a common patriotism, 
 whose power would coatjpel peace, and 
 whose millions of happy peeple wemld 
 marcb in the van of the fullest free- 
 Ama mmi tb* liigbest civllizatisn. 
 
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 ■ -- »-.'i.";- 
 
S'f . 
 
 f: '■'. 
 
 Canada Under Grit and Liberal- 
 Conservative Administration. 
 
 •.I' 
 
 Now that the people are approach- 
 ing the time when they are to choose 
 their r^resentatives for another Par- 
 liamentary term, it is of importance 
 that they should carefully compare 
 the ceodition of Canada under the 
 rival parties. 
 
 Nething sbows better the weak or 
 strong points of a policy than tlie 
 actual results of administration on 
 the various commercial and industrial 
 interests of the Country. 
 
 The Liberal party have had but one 
 term «f power since (Confederation, 
 which In ityelf is prima facie evi- 
 dence that their p«licy has not found 
 fATor with the electorate. What 
 was the result of their five years, 
 t874 to 1879 inclusive? 
 
 The Liberal-Conservative Party 
 liave had 24 (twenty-f<nir) years •f 
 administration. What has been ac- 
 complished thereunder generally and 
 l!«w d« the last five years, ISfll to 
 lb95 Inrlusive, compare with the five 
 J ears of the Liberal Administration? 
 
 Taking the broad lines of distinc- 
 tion the difference is obvious and 
 striking. 
 
 The Liberal G«vernmcnt originated 
 nothing. No great measure of publie 
 policy stands credited to their adiain- 
 Istration. They carried ^n what they 
 found when they came into power, 
 and carried it on badly in the main. 
 They finished the Intercolonial and 
 ran "it at a large deficit. They f«Mmd 
 the St Lawrence Canal system out- 
 lined, and contracts givon; they can- 
 celled many of the contracts and 
 save them out at higher rates. They 
 tried tbelT hands at the Pacitic Rail- 
 way, spent milliona in surveys of 
 routes never used, bought steel rails 
 that were not wanted, at ruinous 
 rates, and let them rust out: and after 
 spending nearly half a million dol- 
 lars on Fert F^a^ncis Locks, which 
 have been 8in«e used as a dumping 
 ground for saw-dust, failed even to 
 realise their hybrid ideal »f utilizing 
 the water stretches, and ended ' with 
 nothing further than cannecting Win- 
 nipeg with Chicago, by means of 'the 
 Pembina '6rancb« an4 Aray^iog its 
 
 trade ^tMrtbirariL Tbey attempted a 
 tariff which pleased noibody in the 
 way of trade «?iicoiiras^ment, and 
 failed otterly to prodoce revenue. 
 
 For deficient inanie tbey raised 
 leans; for t»mag tnde they opened 
 no new fields atmnd, and attempted 
 no scheme of- trnprareinent at home; 
 for the mcreasine depression tbey 
 devised no remedy: for the growing 
 exodus and conJiaoed non-employ- 
 ment they essayed no encouragement 
 to home ipdastries. co devtltipment of 
 the comrtrr* irteh reBoorr^s. Their 
 administration helped to develop no 
 new mines, to open no new lands, to 
 start no new indnsliy. to develop no 
 interprovincial trade, and to arouse 
 na feeling of pstrioysn:: it was a dull, 
 hopeless, absolate Qe;:utk>n. 
 
 Take the broad lia?» «f the Liberal- 
 Conservative Administntion and note 
 the difference. 
 
 No aooner was the Goremment or- 
 ganized in 18T9 than activity began. 
 The protective palicT was at once 
 jtut into operadon. trade revived, hi- 
 dostries vrere developedL and labw 
 found ready emptoyoient. The In- 
 dustrial life of Canada bejan to de- 
 velop with wonderfai rapidity; inter- 
 provincial trade grew and thrived, 
 and a spirit of bopifol progress ani- 
 mated the wiiale coontry. 
 
 The proMem of Transport waa 
 taken np; the Canadian Pacific Rail- 
 way built connecting the Atlantic and 
 the Pacific; the canala were deepen- 
 ed and enlarged, and tlie Sault Ste. 
 Marie begvn. and completed; a sys- 
 tem of aiding aabaiittarr railway 
 lines waa inangnnted, and steam- 
 ship services fflaced on the Padflc, 
 Atlantic and West Indian Waters, so 
 that to-day Canada is probably the 
 best equipped coontry in the world 
 in facilities for canrias freight and 
 passengers. A plan was evaived for 
 the encoorafement and improvement 
 of egricuHore by the estabUehment 
 of Ezp<'rin»ental Farms in different 
 parts of Canada: by di8<teminatiug 
 information gadned thereon to the 
 fattQtera; by imparting, throagh bollc- 
 tioa and fectareik QlS&»ti«Ba'<or bet- 
 
10 
 
 ter methods of feeding stock, of 
 making cheese and butter, of ferti- 
 lizing fields ami ralstDfC crofM. By 
 liberal appropriations, the facilities 
 for improved transport of perishable 
 products have been greatly assisted, 
 and cold storage provided iu ware- 
 houses and ofl board steamers, and 
 the export of chilled .meats, poultry, 
 etc.. fa<^ilitatod. 
 
 All these the Liberals have openly 
 fought, or harphly criticized, or per- 
 sistently disparaged. 
 
 The Xorth-west has been practically 
 opened up by the Llbcral-Conscrva- 
 tlres, provided with the means of 
 coinnninlcation, and Is rapidly be- 
 coming the Granary of North Am- 
 erica. Last year over 80,«K)0,000 bush- 
 els of grain of all kinds were raised 
 tlic^e, besides flHlry and farm pro- 
 ducts of great additional value. 
 
 Miuuif; lifts b^en assisted by a wise 
 
 TRADE OF CANADA W 
 
 policy of exempting machinery of cer- 
 tain kinds from duty, and granting a 
 bonus to Iron and lead and sliver pro 
 ductioo; and. whilst steady progress 
 has been made in this direction in 
 the old Provinces, the njnst striking 
 developnienj^ has taken place ia Brit- 
 ish Columbia. 
 
 A new spirit has been bi-eathed in- 
 to our peojde— a hopeful conlldence In 
 Canada's futui-e, and a strengthened 
 feeling of British and Imj>erinl unity. 
 
 If we come down to particulars we 
 note the contrast t>t-tweeB 1874-79 and 
 1890-05, two perimls of five ye.irs 
 with conditions of depression ' .nnd 
 hard time? the wtjidd oy^r present la 
 each:— ..' .,. 
 
 1. AS TO FOREIGN TRADE. 
 
 The following taWe will show at a 
 glance the contract in foreign trade: 
 
 ITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 ISM. 
 
 1875. 
 1878. 
 1877. 
 1878. 
 1870. 
 
 Total 1S75-1879 
 
 A'l'cragc per year 
 
 Decrease 1S79 over 1874 
 
 Average decrease per year.. 
 
 laoo. 
 
 UM. 
 
 IS^., 
 ISM. 
 18M. 
 1S93. 
 
 Exports of 
 
 home 
 
 produce. 
 
 78.737,833 
 
 70.749.M0 
 73.731,474 
 68,764,285 
 68,158,789 
 63,135,«U 
 
 TotallSSldS... 
 
 Avorngo per year. 
 
 locreotto 1811^ over 188D 
 
 Deorefwe iSMovcrlsao. 
 
 Yearly average inoraMo or de: 
 
 
 314,539.819 
 68,907,964 
 15,002.221 
 
 - 3,190,444 
 
 87.607.308 
 
 88,801,060 
 99,338.913 
 105,798.257 
 104,161.770 
 103.085.012 
 
 501.185,018 
 
 100.2Sjn3 
 
 15.387.814 
 
 Imports (or 
 
 home 
 oonsumption. 
 
 127.404,169 
 
 119.618.A57 
 M.733,218 
 96.300,483 
 91.199,577 
 80,311,008 
 
 483,198,51s 
 96.438,708 
 47.062va6) 
 
 - 9,412.312 
 
 m,'mm 
 
 113,345,124 
 116^978.943 
 121,TR6.0aO 
 113,(»3,963 
 105.252,511 
 
 7,a3,07S 
 
 571.S75.aBl 
 U4,27W18 
 
 TotaL 
 
 f 
 206,142.00t 
 
 190.388,317 
 168,464,692 
 165,061,763 
 150,358.360 
 143,477,219 
 
 826,733.362 
 
 165,346,672 
 
 63,661,782 
 
 - 12,332.956 
 
 200,402.952 
 
 202,146,190 
 216,317,856 
 237.903,287 
 217,255,753 
 2081.337,523 
 
 1,071.560.600 
 
 214,333021 
 
 7.874.«n 
 
 Total trade 
 
 of 
 
 Canada. 
 
 8 
 217,565,510 
 
 200,S«7.262 
 174,176,781 
 175.203.355 
 172,40.-.. 4.H 
 153.455,682 
 
 8:6,190,531 
 
 175.230,906 
 
 64.109,836 
 
 - 12.821,965 
 
 eiS,607.390 
 
 21S.384.S34 
 241,369,443 
 247,638,630 
 
 210,999,889 
 224,426,485 
 
 1,17-2,813,371 
 271,562,674 
 
u 
 
 Darincr '^o Orlt period ihome pn- 
 doce exports fell off over IS^^ mil- 
 lions;' Imports for borne coiwttmp- 
 tdoD fell ofC over 47 miUions; total 
 ti-acJe fell of£ over 64 niiUionsk 
 
 Dnrlnff the LlberaI-Ck)Qservatlve 
 period ttoe yearly averajB;e of ex- 
 S>otia waa 100 milionsk of importa 
 114 millions, and total tradt 234Vj 
 millions of dollars: daring the Grit 
 period these avoi-njiti* weixj only <J0 
 niiliious, litiVj uuUions, and 175 iu4l- 
 llous of doUari, resiKctlvely. 
 
 2. AS TO HOJIE BUSINESS. 
 
 But even more important than the 
 foreign comnierre is the dome»tilc 
 trade of tlie country, and a few 
 lijnin^s recTJrdini? mat tors Kcnerally 
 ac-linovvJedjjod to iudicalo the degree 
 of business activity will show the 
 baneful effects of I^i1:H!ral rule, and 
 the jrreat luaprovemeut under Liberai- 
 Conservative Government. 
 
 The business failures, which aver- 
 nccl .?22.<KK>,000 in liabilities under 
 the Mackenzie Administration, aver- 
 ajteJ ii»r the period l.S5)l-U5 only $15,- 
 7l«),0o0. or a decrease of ?6,500,000 in 
 per year. 
 
 The note circulation^ Government 
 aud hrntk, aveiaKwl ;:;o3,S43,(X)2 when 
 Sir Richard Gartwright Avas Finance 
 Minister, as against $50,864,397 un- 
 der the Hon. G. E. Foster. There 
 w.is a falling off of ii;9,140,;J80 under 
 Liberal administration, or a year- 
 ly avoraKe ef .$2,287,347. In the 
 C'oHserva.i4vo pcinod ti>ere was an In- 
 crease of a (luarter of a million, 
 'ilie discounts by the chartered 
 Uiuks from 1874 to 1878 averaged 
 S-128,139,0(!2, against ?195.803,308 
 from 1S91 to 1895. There was a de- 
 crease nnder the Liberals of $11,- 
 907.41.2, or $2,999,363 a year, and an 
 Incre.ise under the Couservativea of 
 ?;32.(J48.12.'!. or $«,1G2,0.*'.,1 a year. 
 
 The deposits in the ciiart>eretl Imuks 
 av.'m-ed !!t73.92(5,285 when Sir Rich- 
 ard ("avtwright managed the finan- 
 ces, and $17a,3;%.G10 in tlie la.st five 
 years. In tliose, too, there wa.s a 
 falling (.tf of $6,257,501, or $1,564,- 
 375 a year in the former period, and 
 an increase of $41,(;!ir>(^2, or $10,- 
 423.75S a year in the latter. 
 
 The deposits in the Savings Banks 
 (Post Ofiicc, Government and special) 
 averaged in the Liberal era $13,804,- 
 (197, and in the Ccutjetvative $54,- 
 071,194. There was an increase 
 from 1874 to 1878 of only $106,915, 
 or $26,729 a year, against $7,196,723, 
 or $1,799,181 per year la the but five 
 vears. 
 
 ( 
 TSie Tolnioo of lusraranoe' U ft tbId- 
 aWe crherioa of prosperity and «ii- 
 tersrise. From 1874 to 1878 the life 
 InmiraDce effected amomited to $14.- 
 755,436 a jeaar, 'as compared wltli 
 $44,399,189 from 1891 to 1895. There 
 was a decrease ot $6,938,466, or $1,- 
 73446I6 a year In the former period, 
 and an increase of (eiO"* 5,287, or $1,- 
 728.824 a year la the later. The In^ 
 sorance in force areiragod $85,0S3,- 
 209 under the L£be<ral% against 
 $292,832,318 under the last five years 
 of Oon»ervative GoveiTitmeut There 
 was again a decrease of $964,388, or 
 $241,097 a year compared with an 
 increase of $58,306,710, or $14,576,- 
 677 a year, fiom 1891 to 1895. 
 
 Fire insurauce premiums averaged 
 $3,591,502 aodcr ihc Mackenzie ad- 
 miuistratlon and $6,404,416 for the 
 last live years. There was a docrcase 
 of $153,873. or $38,468 a year, while 
 tiherc 'iiaa been an increase of $875,- 
 298. or $175,060 a year frofloa 1881 to 
 1895. The amount at risk averaged 
 $381,223,162 in the former peilod, 
 and $795,889,220 in the latter. 
 
 The business ef the Post Office is 
 another good indication of tJtie state 
 of affairs. There was an average of 
 5,030 otUces with a yearly increase 
 of 168 under the Liberals, and an 
 average of 8,409, with a yearly in- 
 crease of 193 during the last live 
 years. The letters and post cards 
 averaged 45,043,900 and the papers, 
 books, and parcels 38,471,200 in the 
 former peilod; the letters and jwst 
 cards 126.690.000, and the paipers, 
 •books and parcels, 93,265,626 in the 
 latter period. 
 
 The Monez Order Office averaged 
 722, with a yeai'ly increase of 27 
 from 1874 to 1878, and 1,164, with 
 a yearly increase of 45 from 1891 to 
 1895; the money orders amounted to 
 $6,864,660 a year under the Liberals, 
 and $12,928,033 In the last Uve 
 years. 
 
 The use of the means ef communi- 
 cation and transport is obviously 
 connected with the degree of busi- 
 utss activity. The shipping entered 
 and cleared at Canadian ports (not 
 including coasting vessels) averaged 
 10,796,929 tons from 1874 to 1878, 
 and 19,097,936 from 1891 to 1895. 
 The miles of railway in operation 
 averaged 5.118 under the I^dberals, 
 and 15,044 during the last five yeara 
 ol Conservative rule; t^e number of 
 passengers was 5,813,097, and the 
 t<MJs of freight 6,686,465 a year in 
 the fc>rmer period, as compared with 
 
 ll-. 
 
\ 
 
 13.764317 passengers and 21,638,416 
 tons <rf frtrtght in the later p«*rlod; 
 the earnlu«8 were $19,522,U89 a 
 year a«ainet $35,206,562. 
 
 In all these important imxticulars 
 tlie contraat between the records of 
 the two administrations is very 
 fitrlking, 'being a most forcible con- 
 demnation of Liberal rule and an 
 equally telling tribute to the wis- 
 dom of the ('onaervHtive policy. Nor 
 CBu the (^iKposiUon. pretend that to 
 the natural growtJi of *^e country la 
 due this great, improrement, for 
 wl?en they were in iwwer the country 
 was artnally going baclcward in such 
 imi)ortant respccte as the exports, 
 
 the imports, ihti aote drcolatlon, the 
 commercial dii^counts, tdbe deposits in 
 the bunlcB, life insurance, and Insur- 
 ance against fire. 
 
 Nor can the LFberals successfully 
 plead that they Nvere In office duriug 
 a tim€ of commercial depi^ssion, for 
 ^he last five years of OonBervative 
 administration have iucHided a per- 
 iod of far more seveire depression of 
 world-wide prevalence. That Oan- 
 B'la escai>ed from its effects to a 
 most eatififaji!tory extent as compared 
 with oliher countries has been gener- 
 ally acknowledged, and is the great- 
 est proof of the beneficial nature of 
 the Conservative PoUcy. 
 
 Will the people of Canada entrust the LiTjerals again witih power In 
 the face of such a record, and .so give an opportunity for Its repetition. 
 
 The folknving table will show at a glance the result of 
 
 (1) The five years <ol Grit admlnlstra tion from 1874-79. 
 
 (2) The comparative condition for the last five years of Liberal-Conserva- 
 
 tive administration, and 
 (3) The result of Liberal-Conservative rule from 1880 to 1895:— "^• 
 
 COMPARISOX OF PERIODS OF ADMINISTRATION. 
 
 •^ 
 
 Imports, home consumption. . . 
 
 Expoits 
 
 Tofaltrade 
 
 Excise and castoms tax 
 
 Average earnings from poet 
 
 offices, railways, etc. 
 
 Per cent, duty on imports, H. C, 
 
 Customs duty, per head 
 
 Net debt 
 
 Aver&cii yearly increaso 
 
 Net interest on debt 
 
 Per cap. interest on debt 
 
 KetDeflciU 
 
 Remission taxation. 
 
 Average failures. , 
 
 Credit index 
 
 Saving 
 
 Grit, 
 
 Lib.-Conservatrive, 
 
 Lib.-Conservativc, 
 
 five years. 
 
 last five years. 
 
 15 years, 
 
 187i-9. 
 
 1890-5. 
 
 1880-95. 
 
 Decrease $i7,000,000 
 
 Decrf^aseC 7,800,000 
 
 Increaso 933.500,000 
 
 18,000.000 
 
 Increase 17,000.000 
 
 26,000.000 
 
 " 65,000,000 
 
 9.500,000 
 
 69.608.600 
 
 1,600,000 
 
 Doorcase 6,000,000 
 
 1,«»,000 
 
 4.000,000 
 
 8.750,000 
 
 SJMJOM 
 
 Increaso 2.71 p.c. 
 
 Decrease u.07 p. c. 
 
 Decrease 2.70 *•& 
 
 Decrease f0.60 
 
 91.49 
 
 lacrease 17 OQBts 
 
 Increase ««),000,00e 
 
 Increase 916,000,000 
 
 " 91W,1WO,000 
 
 8,000.000 
 
 3,200i«)0 
 
 6,000,000' 
 
 1,500,000 
 
 7.»,000 
 
 2,333,333J 
 
 Inc. $1.31 to 91.29. 
 
 Dec. 91.86 to 91.83. 
 
 Inc/«1.M to 91.83* 
 
 95,500,000 
 
 9 1,500,000 
 
 Net Sun*. 913,000.000 
 
 Nil. 
 
 20,000.000 
 
 915,060,000 
 
 923.100,000 
 
 15,700,000 
 
 13,600,000 
 
 1.75 to 1.30 p. 0. 
 
 3.16 p.c. 
 
 4.23 to 3.16 p. c 
 
 
 IneFea«e915,OM.O00 
 
 Increase 9156.500,000 
 
 '■-J' 
 
lit 
 
 ■fi 
 
 Preferential Trade. 
 
 The BrJtteh Empire consiftts of the 
 United Kingdom of Great Britain and 
 Ireland, India; 88 Oolonlee; and, bs 
 Hides, Protectorates and Dependen- 
 cies. In all, acfordinK to Whittaker, 
 the Kmpire has a population of over 
 400,f)00.000 sotils, the Tuited Kingdom 
 having 39,134,160 and the Ootonies 20.- 
 044,851, the whole population of the 
 Empire being more than one-fcurtu 
 of the populatiiou of the world. 
 
 The total external trade of the Em- 
 pire is about |.'>,35r>,.'Ui7.400, of which 
 .fa, 103,000,000 is imports. 
 
 The total area of the Empire is 
 over eleven million square mil«». (For 
 compari5»n it may be stated that the 
 area of the United States is about 
 three million square miles.) 
 
 All these Colonies, Dependencies, 
 Protectorates and India and the 
 United Kingdom have different meth- 
 ods of raising revenue and different 
 tariffs applied to the Imports. 8ome 
 are on a free trade basis, while others 
 fire ppotectlve. 
 
 In recent yea re efforts have been 
 made to bring about a unity o? the 
 Empire. The line of least resistance 
 seems to be a tariff arrangement by 
 which trade shall be promoted be- 
 tween the several portions of this 
 vast EmDire. 
 
 Out of these efforts has therefore 
 dome the agitation for preferential 
 trade. 
 
 This simply means that the several 
 portions of the Empire are to give 
 each other tariff and other advant- 
 ages which they are not to give to 
 nations and peoples outside of the 
 Empire. i 
 
 Preferential trade, however, Is not 
 preferential free trade. Bach por- 
 tion of the Empire retains such a 
 Coetoma tariff as experience shows to 
 be most suitable to its requirements 
 and to the stage of its development. 
 This tariff Is applied to the goods 
 and oom<moditles of all other portions 
 at the Empire. At the same time 
 other and higher rates of duty are to 
 be applied to goods and commodities 
 of •aHi4e or foreign nations. 
 
 The qU^ions which naturally arise 
 a^-^l«t JVjtait wlU be the benat ^f 
 Blini a WisTaqd ^nd. Is it pflEbtlc- 
 
 ••♦!■ 
 
 '^^W''- 
 
 '^f-.-f' 
 
 able 80 as to make itg agitation a 
 living *ssue in the elections soon to 
 come off in Canada? 
 
 THE BENEFITS OF PREFEREN- 
 TIAL TRADE. 
 
 Witb»ut going Into the general 
 question of its utility as applied to 
 the whole Empire, we take Canada 
 alone and ask the question for her. 
 What good will result froBi such a 
 change? 
 
 A few Illustrations will show:— 
 
 Ist. Great iirltaln imports yearly 1,- 
 12«,000,00<) rounds of animal pro- 
 duc-is In the «hape of meats: mtittoiL, 
 pork, baron and hams, beef, etc. Can- 
 ada's share la the supply has been 
 somewhat over 33,000,000 pounds a 
 year, or 2.9 per cent., more than one- 
 half of the whole being sappHed by 
 the United States. With a duty on 
 the fiorelgn article the trade between 
 Canada and Great Britain would be 
 greatly developed. 
 
 2nd. Great Britain's imports of 
 wheat, flour, etc., in 1894, amounted 
 to 10.152.000 tons, say 340,000.000 
 bushels. The British Colonies supplied 
 30.000,000 bushels, or less than one- 
 tentb. 
 
 3rd. Of dairy products Great Bri- 
 tain Imported $106.n.>2,000. The Brlt- 
 'sh Colonics supplied $21,181,596, or 
 about one-fifth. 
 
 i;ii. Of eggs Great Britain Import- 
 < 1 $18,425,316. The Colonies supplied 
 5?483.068. 
 
 If a duty were placed apon these 
 articles when Imported into Great Bri- 
 tain from foreign oountries the result 
 would be to stimulate the trade be- 
 tween Canada and the Motherland. 
 
 Canada Bends to the British West 
 Indies, animals, breadstnffs, coal, 
 tl«h> bay, leabber and manufactures, 
 provisionis, planks atMl other manu- 
 factureis of wood, and she imports 
 baiDsnas, coffee, -oocoanuts. mokisses, 
 sugar, rum, orange* and lamons, etc. 
 the total itrade amounting to I3.100,- 
 000. The United States ejqport about 
 $8,4«0,000 to tke Bi-iti«h West In^ 
 dlM. i^Vb a d^tcr oa •tlMCe export^ 
 i^jRMer tbaia thiit impoHid on Cana- 
 
u, 
 
 dlan exports the trade of Canada 
 would be ifreatly stimulated. 
 
 These iHwrtrntlous snfflce to show 
 that the snbjnot la pf very great Im- 
 oortance to Camda. 
 
 It la equaUy Lniportaut Id all Its 
 boarlDffs. « 
 
 THE PRACnCAniLITY OF rUEF- 
 KRBNTIAL TRADE. 
 
 2nd. The spomid qiiewtljou is:— Is 
 rrcfereotial Ttade prarticnblfV 
 
 On the 2r.th April. 1802. ^he fo41ow- 
 iiiff resoliition wa« disciwppd la the 
 (auadian House of Commons:— 
 
 "Rfl8olved,--'nhB;t. if ami wh«i 
 iho Parilament of Great Britiain and 
 IreJand admits Cauudian products i,0 
 the marlietg of the United Kliis«iom 
 iil>on more favwrable terms than It 
 atxord« ito the pcodticta of foreisu 
 countries, tihe ParllaTOeot of t^aiiada 
 wi'/l be prepared to accord corres- 
 pondit^ advantages by a Rubstantlal 
 iiedactioii In the duties It Jmpoees 
 upon BriMsh roanufa/rtured goods." 
 
 Mr. Davles, leader of tlie L'beral 
 Partv in the Maritime Provinces, 
 moved in amendment tha^t:— 
 
 "Ineamuch as Greait Britailn adniilta 
 the products of Oana'da Into her 
 ports free of duty this House la of 
 opindou thart^^ the present scale of du- 
 ii«8 exacted by Canada ou goods 
 mainly Imported from Great Britain 
 shoaikl be reduced." 
 
 The amendment ,wa« lost on a 
 strict party vote, (yi voting for and 
 98 against. 
 
 The main motion cjiiT'ied, 97 voting 
 for and G3 against. 
 
 ThuB 'tihe Llberal-Cooservative 
 Party placed on record its belief Jn 
 preferential trade wlith Great dirltain, 
 M-hlle the Liberal Party opposed to 
 that, a policy of geneml reduction of 
 duties without refereiice to the unity 
 of the Empire or the special liene- 
 flts songjhrt for Canada through the 
 rosoliitioQ. 
 
 The Idea of preferential trade with 
 Great Bj'ita.in was therefore deemed 
 to t)elong to practical polities by the 
 repi-esentytiveq of the LlberaJ-Oan- 
 servative Party in l*arliameii'i: as- 
 sembled. , 
 
 In the latter part jf June, 1892, 
 the second Cougruss of the Chambers 
 of Counu«rce of the Eiuplre met in 
 Ixnidon (Eng.). 
 
 On June 28th, Sir Oharleg Tupper, 
 Bart." wftflj t^e permi^skvo of t^e 
 representatives of tliQ Montreal 
 
 Cham!ber of Commerce w/oved 'Ihe 
 foMowins resolution:— 
 
 "Whereais, the British Empln-e. cov- 
 ering • oi»e-elghith at the haWtiihle 
 glolw, with a population of 3.W,(X)0,- 
 WX). can ainjply supply the home 
 market witli the piwhwtlions of 
 «'Terv clime at ttie lowest iKMwlble 
 r«M-. and wiUereas, a national sentl- 
 mf»nt of mirtupi lnrteire*it and (bT<oi.aer- 
 h(MKl should promote u.ore extenjleil 
 coinmeiiclnl n^lations (between the 
 Mother fountrj' and Its man|y col- 
 ouic« and possesaions; resolved, that 
 i'n order to extend tflie exchnn«e and 
 ronsmmptlon of the home staple pro- 
 ducta In every iwrt of the British 
 Kmi)lre, a sJlght differential dnty 
 should be adopted by the Imperial 
 niul Colonial Governments In favor 
 of the hofuie ppod-uctiloiis 'against the 
 lmiH»rted foreign articles." 
 
 Tills establishes the fact tbait the 
 business men of the Montreal Cham- 
 ber of f^ommerce considered prefer- 
 ential trade to be practical and its 
 discussion timely. 
 
 The Interoolonlall Conference was 
 hold In Ottawa, o(iK>nlng on 28th 
 June, 1894. It was attended by ro- 
 presenrtatives from Now South 
 Wales, Oape Colony, Soutb Afrit-a. 
 New Zealand, Viclorla, Qucansiland 
 and Canadia, Hhe Imi>erlal Govern- 
 ment «ending tlte Earl of Jersey as 
 Its rei>reaentatlv«. 
 
 The following resolutions were 
 imssed:— 
 
 "Whereas, the stability and pro- 
 gress of the Brltiah Empire can be 
 bi«t assured by drawing continually 
 closer the bands that unite the Col- 
 onies with the Mother Country,, and 
 by tihe continuous growth of a prac- 
 tical sympatlhy and co-oporaitJion In 
 aiU that pertains to the common wel- 
 fare; 
 
 "And, whereas, this co-operaHon and 
 unity can in no way be more effec- 
 tually promoted than by the oul- 
 'tivaliion and extension of the mu- 
 tual and profitable interchange of 
 their produce. 
 
 "A. Therefore, resolved,— That this 
 Conference records Its belief In the 
 advisability of a customs arran«o- 
 meut between Great Britiain and her 
 Colonies by whicih trade witMn the 
 Eui(i»ire nray be placed on a more 
 favorable footing than tihat which 
 is carried on with foreign «>u'ntries; 
 
 "Further resolved,— That until the 
 Mother Oooutry cun see. her way fo 
 enter into CDfitonm . ttrrsc^^g^fats 
 
 '■ 
 
 ' 
 
 ,^*A: 
 
 •*»( ^ 
 
 ^! 
 
 
•ir^ 
 
 .^*^y 
 
 le 
 
 o 
 
 IS 
 
 Ai 
 
 with h«r Ool«Bfes it is deBlmt)Te tuut, 
 yvlMTL empowiired to do ao, ifbe CoAon* 
 lea of Cirt^at Britain, or midb of them 
 flj be disposed to accede to this 
 vtow. take steps to place each, oth- 
 ers' ptxKluets, 111 whole or in part, 
 ou .1 more farored custdmB bi^fl 
 'than la iiocorded to the like pro- 
 ducts of foreign ctnuntirle*." 
 
 It was elearly tihe opiaion of all 
 the CoJoutel dolcfcatea t'hat dt la de- 
 vimble tliat th^e Cnlonlfs represented 
 should ,nako an'a^fjeuieuits with one 
 BiMther, and. if i>o8sihle, with (i-roat 
 Britain, whit^h would g\ve r.Tlt.teh 
 product.9 nn advantape over forelga 
 products, and th«t for this purpose 
 any statutory or treaty pravlslona 
 which stajid in the way should be 
 remorved. It w«» felt by the dele- 
 gatfss that, «o far n«i mipht be poa- 
 Biiblo, Bi-itiah 8ubJoct« sliould take 
 what they "have to import from their 
 own kindred raither than from for- 
 eign states. 
 
 The clear-headed and patriotic men 
 TV lio composed this Conference plainly 
 thought that prcfwentiaL trade was, 
 and is. a living question— a live Issue 
 of the day. 
 
 In the Queen's speech at the proro- 
 gation of Parliament, on August 25th, 
 1804, it was stated:— 
 
 "A Confewnce wa« held at Ottawa 
 In the month of June last, at which 
 reprt^^ntatives of the Imperial Gpy- 
 cvnment, the Dominion of Canada, 
 the Cape and the Australian Colonies 
 met to tionsider questions relating to 
 intercolonial tarlCTs and eommuniea- 
 tions. 
 
 "I have learnt with satlsffictlon that 
 the proceedings . of the Conference 
 were of a character calculated t» 
 strengthen tlie union of the Colonies 
 txincorued, both among themselves 
 and with tlu> Mother Country." 
 
 Lord ^{osebery's Government, which 
 was then In power, raised no dlfflpulty 
 In connection with the matter, but 
 gave It the imprimatur and approval 
 of the Sovereign. 
 
 It will be admitted from these 
 fact.s that the snbjeot of preferential 
 trade within the Empire Is a practi- 
 cal question, and Is deemed practic- 
 able by many and diveree authori- 
 ties. ^ r, 
 
 DIFFICULTIES. 
 
 ' There are always difBcuiltles In the 
 path of every givat (luiNstion. Prefer- 
 ential trade \s no exceptiion. 
 
 Sir Charles Tupper. Bart., at the 
 time Secretary of State, In referring 
 to the ditUculties in the way, said:— 
 
 •■;V: ;■;;"- 
 
 ::■;','-■ i ' ' ' . . . 
 
 , ; ii ; _■ 
 
 'tJAv'',/ . , ■ , ■■ 
 
 ■jfji',..i . ,. ■ " - ':.■ .-■ -i-r,-".- .*'.-•.; • 
 
 "Tbie flnrt: pafm y/ttBi vihUtSi 'wa are 
 met la:— But this would be {HMt^otloo, 
 for you want Grean Britain, which 
 now admits fi<ee the pvodnctii of all 
 countrioH alike, *: draw the line and 
 Kay. "A portion of the world's sor- 
 fac>> is Kxccupled by the EJnfltab- 
 speaking race, and they are entitled 
 to ftk-vuiz that foreign countries hare 
 no claim to whatever." Wo point 
 them to Spain, to France, to Holland, 
 and to all government^ in the wiorid. 
 and we defy them to show one on the 
 face of the globe that does not inaku 
 a difference in commercial mattjws 
 and commercial intercourse In favor 
 of Its own oolonles. 
 
 "Same people have tJie folbr to argue 
 that England's foreign trade t« so 
 much, and that her trade with her 
 own iKMsessions is much smaller. I 
 believe that if the policy to which I 
 have referred was adopted, these 
 ilgures would be relatlTely changed. 
 
 '•There is no reason why4f Bn^iond 
 adopted a policy favoring her own 
 colonies, foreign countrtee should, for 
 a moment, have the slightost ground 
 for complaint. 
 
 "England, free trade coontry^aa «ftie 
 is, now raises twenty millions of 
 pounds sterling per annum, or about 
 that— it was 19,000,000 odd this laat 
 year— in customs duties, and If she 
 says to foreign countries which, l^ord 
 Salisbury said, are building up a 
 brazen wall of protection higher and 
 higher against her Instead of meet- 
 ing her wltli any consideration for the 
 favor that she shows them, if she 
 says:— "We are going tf> adopt, not 
 your policy of a protective tariflf, but 
 we am going to put an iqslgnlficant 
 duty, not a duty of thirty or forty or 
 flfty per cent, against your prodnct, 
 but say a duty of ten per cent., while 
 we allow everything to come in free 
 from onr own dependencies, and thus 
 we propose to raise a small additional 
 portion of our revenue." And it would 
 not be a small additional portion; It 
 would be enough to pay the cost of 
 her army aod navy if she charged 
 ten per, cent: on what comes in free. 
 If England said this, there would be 
 no country in the world that would 
 have the slightest, ground to call It 
 protection. But that question has 
 been dealt with by so high authority 
 as the present Prime Minister of 
 Great Britain. Lord Salisbury was 
 applied to^ If U would b^ protection 
 for England to make an arrange- 
 ment tor her colonies to come in un- 
 der more favorable circumstAaccs 
 
 '^■:u. 
 
- *- 
 
 tJ&m foretflrn coanMen. H«» in«tniet«l 
 hi* private Aecret^ry to write, under 
 date April 6tb, 1837:- l am to reply 
 t^t Lord SeliHbury does n«t Inrafftne 
 that differential dattes in favor of our 
 colMiie«, whatever may be Mid for 
 er as:ato8t tbcm (be ia a very cau- 
 tioua man, as you sec), can properly 
 be deacribed under tbe term protec- 
 tion.' •• 
 
 The German and Belgian Treaties 
 are tbe second dffHculty in the way. 
 
 The Ottawa. Conference iMissed th^ 
 following resolutions >on this sub- 
 ject :- 
 
 "Beaolvflrt. that rwoviBion «fhonldhe 
 made by Imperial legislation enabling^^ 
 tbe dependencies of the Empire to 
 enter Into agreements of commercial 
 reciprocity. Inclndlpg the power of 
 making dlfFerentiar tarilTs with Great 
 Britain or with one anotlicr. 
 
 "That this oonference i«of opdnkwi 
 that any provistous lu existing 
 treaties between Great Britain and 
 any foi-eign power which prevent 
 self-governing dependencies of the 
 Empire from entering into agree- 
 ments of Commercial reciprocity wtth 
 each other or Great Britain, should 
 l)e removied." 
 
 The Ottiawa Comferemc© ihad In 
 view the treaties with Germany and 
 Belgium, which, while they do not 
 prevent drifferential treatmemt by the 
 United Kingdom In favor of her 
 Colonies, nor d^ifferemtial troatment 
 toy the Colonies in favor of eairib 
 other. <lo prevent ddfToroatial treat- 
 ownt by Bnfctish Ck>lon1es in favor 
 of th« Uinltad Kingdom. 
 
 Wtth rsspeot to these two trestles, 
 made, tbe ooe 34 years as;©, ami tl»e 
 otiier 3i y«ars ago. Lord Sallsrtrary 
 c«4d in 1891:— "We shall be gdad in- 
 deed to take evei7 opportunity that 
 a rtaoa for deliverimg ourselves from 
 those uofortuaate emgaigeimenls." 
 
 He fnrttier mifi. with rflq>edt: to 
 Pieferemial Trade:— "I know the 
 orrtimrv view of the dfuty of the 
 fJove'-iMnem \a bo devise for Itself 
 tbe mcttsuree It may brliDg forward, 
 end thGfi >et theca take tbe chaoce, 
 whatever tbat may be. And ao 
 donbt it Is In a great measm'e trtie 
 wMh reapeot 1o >ibe large maw ot 
 leglelatton oa secoodary qu»«tioi)S 
 tbat tiliey have to propose; buv it 
 is not true with respei-t lio an organ- 
 k' qiN'HCioa which tioncerni* and will 
 nfomnfl the v«ry exletcuce of our 
 Bm{l>irR, and tbe very fouudatlon of 
 our trade." 
 
 He continued:— "On this matter 
 pabHc opkrion must be fra>m«i(l or 
 formed before any Govemiment can 
 act. No Ciovurnmenit can Impose kts 
 own oplnioniB en tlie people of thris 
 country in these matteiis. You are 
 invited, asid It is tbe duty of those 
 who feel themfledves to be tbe pdoo- 
 een Off «mob a movement and the 
 apocrttoi of suoh a dootrlne, to go 
 furtb and fight for it, and when they 
 bave comviuieed the people of this 
 coootry tiheir battle Is won." 
 
 CANADA'S DUTY. 
 
 What Cenadtans have to do Is first 
 to aBak« uip their mdmds that ttbey 
 want preferential trade, and, second, 
 to cast theli- votes for tbe party com- 
 mitted to t^t poliicy, and thus ia- 
 foian the Imperial Government and 
 tbe peoiple of tbe Mother Mes In the 
 nKwt emphatic manner 'possible, theit 
 Camda wants preferential trade and 
 tbe unity ef tbe Dnypii'e, wl^loh lies 
 at t!be base of tlie trade jwllcy. Such 
 actiom if emphatic, mucK: have au 
 Immense effect upon the electors of 
 the Mother Isles In bastendng tbe 
 removal of tbe difficulties. . - 
 
 Vote for 
 
 Preferential Trade, 
 The Unity of tlie Empire 
 9A4 the Liberal-Conservative Party. 
 
 
 m^^atamaim