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Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certained pages blanches ajouties lors d'une resi..' ITS LAWS. The light of nature and the works of creation and provi- dence manifest the being, the wisdom, goodoess and power of Gog, so far as to leave men inexcusable. The will of God in nature, and the will of God in Revelation harmonize. From the economy of nature, apart from the Scriptures, we can never learn the method of salvation. Nature and nature's laws not to be placed in antithesis with revelation. The Bible recognizes a decisive and emphatic revelation from God in his works. Natural Theology is th« knowledge of the be- ing and attributes of God, which is derived from the study of his works, as distinguished from the knowledge of them com- municated in the Scriptures. The field of Natural Theology- is widely extended and exhaustless. The meaning of the word nature and its various applications. The meaning of the term law. What meant by the words law and nature, wh«in combined into one general phrase, the law of nature. The laws of nature divided into four general classes. By contemplating these and their operation, we may arrive at the knowledge of Natural Theology. The liws which are given to inanimate matter. B00K8 oj Reference.— Paley's Natu.al Theology ; DangUaon** Psychology; Lawrence's Lectures; Bentley's Boylean Lectures ; Cod- worth's Intellect. Sysi.; Cumberland's Law of Nature ; Grove's Mor.Phil.; Gill's Body of Div.; Wollaston's Religion of Nature delitwated;Wi8hart s theol.; Grotius DeJure Belli et Facie; Selden, DeJure naiurali. jLECTURE II. THE LAWS OF CAUSATION AND GRAVITATION. The presence and wisdom of God discovered chiefly in the adaptation of the parts and laws of matter to each other. The n 4 COURSE OF STUDY. law of causation or the connection between cause and effect. Examples for illustration taken from Mill's Logic. The dis- covery of the Torriceian Vacu jm. The three separate uni- formities or causes which are present and co-operate to the production of a single phenomenon, or effect in the case of water rising in a pump, or of mercury in a barometer. The law of an effect of combined causes may be resolved into the separate laws of these causes. Generalization, or the ga- thering up of several laws into one more general law, which included them all. Instances by way of illustration. The most splendid example of generalization is to be found in the law of gravitation. This is the law by virtue of which parti- cles and masses of matter attract each other. Essential to all matter. Tljis force inherent in matter by the Divine will. Is the the cause of the falling or drawing of bodies downward towards the earth. Celestial and terrestrial phenomena brought under this one law of gravitation. Order, adapta- tion, or aptitude of appointment everywhere observable among the celestial phenomena. The theistic conclusion is impressively forced upon us by this order. Books of Reference. — Chalmers' Natural Theology, book 2; Dwight's Theology, vol. 1, serm. 1 ; Dick's Theology, vol. 1, lect. 1,2; Knapp's Theology; Brown on Cause and Effect, ii^tapferi Theologia, vol. 1, chap. 3; Tulloch's Theism; Christian Theism, by Thompson ; Mill's Logic, book 3, chap. 4, 5. LECTURE III. ANIMATED OR ORGANIZED MATTER. All created things that exist are comprehended under mat- ter and mind. Matter unorganized and organized. The laws assigned to animated or organized matter. Two classes of organized matter, animal and vegetable. Both exhibit forms and obey laws in some respects similar. All creatures, whether animal or vegetable, endowed with a power of gene- rating or propagating their own kind. Not easy to draw the line between the animal and vegetable kingdoms. A grada- tion in all the parts of the creation. Organic laws are the creative and preserving will of God. The laws which regu- late matter when organized, both w»th respect to animals and vegetables, are variod and numerous. All are the expression of the Divine agency, and the continual going forth of the COURSB OP iTCDf . ** Divine efficiency. Clearly evidence the being and perfec- tions of God. Illustrative examples in special organic ani- mal phenomena. In special organic vegetable phenomena. Descriptions in the Bible, taker, from the book of nature, with evident reference to the laws assigned to matter when ani- mated and organized. BooKi OF RErERENCE.-Cuvier»i Animal Kingdom; Paley's Na- t 'fal Thaology; Charnock'- Sermona, vol. 1. page 1; Foster a Natural Religion; Beattie, vol. 8. page 6; Tunctin, vol.. page 52; Abbadie de la ReligJon Chretienne, Tom. 1, sec. 1; Chalmers' Natural Iheology, volK „ LECTURE IV. INSTINCT. (VI»»? i^ihg of the word Instinct. Common to man with the tdft^ilui' atiiwals. The difference between them. Animal in- ;;tipc:s comprehended under two classes. The instinctive tecuUics ;md the instinctive emotions. The power of volua- t&rv riiotion an ip.stincave (acuity. A species ol spontaneous Miction in pl&ntS. Ail animals endowed with this faculty. The power which causes motion in material substance two- fold. Corpoeral and spiritual. The vital principle. The human soul, the animal'mind, and the vegetable liviiig prin- ciple. All the instinctive faculties and emotions exhibit un- deniable marks of design. Examples illustrative of the laws which regulat- animals guided by instinct. Natural affection. The natural sagacity of animals in preparing their habita- tions. The migration of some animals. The conclusion to which we are led is that of the Divine intelligence working m and through the animal. The immediate operation of the Divine mind. Books of Reference.— Paley's Natural Theology; Lord Brough- am's Dialogues on Instinct, p. 25, 26; Chambers' Papers for the 1 eople. No. 182; Fergus's Testimony, book 2, chap. 5. LECTURE V. THE LAW GIVEN TO RATIONAL AND ACCOUNTABLE CREATURES. The law of nature when applied to moral agents only. The nature and character of man. The constituent parts of ;^4 ^fc-*- ''"f* '^ *< 6 COURSE OF STUDY. human nature. Body and soul. Matter known by its pro- perties. The real nature of matter unknown. Th^ Idealists admit the ideas only of material things, but deny their exist- ence. How they reason on the subject. Berkely. Hume. Something perplexing and intricate with respect to the nature of matter. The divisibility of matter. Difficulties on both sides of the question. The doctrine that matter consists in simple elementary atoms. Matter formed into the various de- finite and diversified organizations which now exist. The account given in Scripture of the creation and formation of matter. The human body matter in a state of organization. Is but organized matter. Organized animated matter or bodies possessed of a reproducing power. Matter not anni- hilated though changed. The dispositions of matter, and the constitution of the human body afford evidence of the exist- ence and perfections of God. Books or RBFiiRENCE.—ChalmerB' Natural Theol.,5^ol. 1, book 2, ehap^ 1, 2,3; Eul'^r's Letters, by Brewster; Talloch'a Theism, sec 2, cbap. &, 6, 7; Works of Kant, Remarns, WereDfals, and Dahleoberg; Derbam. LECTURE VI. THE HUMAN SOUL OR MIND. The nature, importance, and dignity of the human soui. Possessed of a capacity of improvement. The soul and body distinct and separate, yet actually united in man. By virtue of this union the mind affected by the bodily senses. The powers or faculties of the mind. Their operations. Percep- tion. Sensation. Reflection. Thinking. Attention. Con- ception. Memory. Abstration. Judgment. Intuition. Reasoning. The law of the association of ideas. Active and moral as well as intellectual powers. Conscience. Books of Reference. — Locke, on the Human Understanding ; Brown's lecturea on the Philosophy of the Mind; Reid, Stewart, Aber- erombie, and Chalmers; Watts, on the Mind; Jackson, on Matter and Spirit; Hartley, on Man; D vight's Theology, sermon 22, 28. wifiiwimiii mmr tr iW > .rtB li BmL i jL t ^.^ ' -^-- ' ^- ^ wq wwm mm f\?4 '^m^Wit-0^^M^-m -^H-ir-F-^i-^^-A-AJswtw^^^ej COURSE OF STUDY, k LECTURE VII. ON CONSCIENCE, OR THE MORAL SENSE. Mankind so constituted that they necessarily make a dis- tinction among their different affections and actions, approv- inc of some and disapproving of others. This sentiment ot approbation or disapprobation arises instantaneously in he mind. A fundamental intuitive principle. Forms part oHhe very faculties of the human mind. An ultimate pnnciple which cannot be resolved into anything more simple. 1 ne great fact or phenomenon of mind in this case »9 what is com- monly called oonscience, or the moral sense The meaning of the word. Derinition, Dr. Dick. McCosh. Butler. Conscience viewed under the three-fold aspect of a law, a faculty, and that power which gives rise to the emotions ol ioy and anguish. It is just the mind acting according to this three-fold aspect. The supremacy of conscience as illustrat- ed by Dr. Chalmers. The faculty or law of conscience part of the human constitution. Th* universal possession of man- kind. Retrospective in its operations. Its power seen, tell^ and known even in this life. Is eternal. Ts susceptible of perversion. The constitution and phenomena of the human mind afford evidence of the being and character of Grod. Boo» or RKFkRENCC—BuUer's Analogy and Sernnoni;; Stevrart and Mackintoph. on Mor^l PhiloBophy; Abercrombje, on ihp Moral teel- ingg; Chalmers' NaturarTheol. and Bridgewater Trea^e nn the» Moral andlntellecwalConstiwiionof Man;Tulloch'8Thei9r«, bqok2. dwp. 12, 18;«ect. 3, chap. 1. 2, 3. LECTURE VI II-. THE MORAL CONSTITUTION OF THE WORLD. Man a spiritual, rational, immortal and accountable bei;^. Subi«ct of moral government. Conscious of his own sxisti ence. Necessarily led to the first cause of his existence. The two great principles of natural religion. That Ctod is, and that he governs the world. The visible creation bears marks of the invisible Creator. The argument for the exist- ence of a God from a cause being indispensable to the effect. An universally acknowledged and self-evident maxim^ Athe- ism. Its absurdities. The perfections as well as the being of God to be seen from his works. Self-existence. Indpend- ence. EternUy. Immutability. Power. Knowledge. Wis- dom. Omnipotence. Goodness. Justice. The unity of uod. ^^ ^^ 36%- '^'^ *^ ■^ 114.^^ L^ t V 8 COURSB OP STUDY. Books or RErxRKNi e. — Wulloston's Religion of Natore Jelinsat«d; Wishart't Theology ; Oick'a TheoK ; O.vigiu'8 Theol. ; Thompioa'a Christian Tlieiam. LECTURE IX. THE MORAL GOVERNMENT OF GOD. Man a responsible being. This principle assumed in Scrip- ture. Evidence of God's moral government, and man's responsibility in the distribution of happiness and misery. Bishop Butler quoted. Seeming contradictior/s reconciled. Man actually and necessarily under law to God. The char- acter of the Divine government, and man's responsibility as- certained by conscience. The exercise of conscience and the reasoning cf sinners with one another, prove the truth of man's responsibility. Books or Reference. —Charnock on Providence; Gill'i Bo«!y of Divinity; Biahop Hopkins' works; Sccn'a works; Dick's Theology, lect. 41, 42, 43; Dwight's Theology. \ LECTURE X. PROVIDENCE OR THE GOVERNMENT OF GOD. Ths doctrine of the Epicureans on this point. They denied Providence, The Piatonists, Stoics and others maintained that the power and providence of God extend to all things. This the natural deduction of reason from the idea of a Deity. From its very nature the creaiure is necessarily dependent on the Creator. A divine overruling Providence evident from :he order that prevails in the universe. The same thing to be seen in the effects produced, and in the events which happen in the world. That all things are controlled by a power superior to that of nature is the common voice of man- kind, and the basis of all religion. Thia has been the senti- ment of the best and wisest of men. The manner in which God rules and governs all things. The means, principles and laws by which He governs his creatures. God's government of his creatures is by general laws, comprising also particu- lars. Is conducted according to the respective natures of the creatures. Bishop Butler quoted. Man as a moral agent distinguished from the lower animals. Endowed with reason pposspig! counsE oy studt. i^ and conscience. According to man's raliond and moral na- ture God's government of him is conducted. Man a being in a state of moral obligation, and governed '.ccordingly. Books or RErEitENCB— Charnock, Flavel. Hopkina. Sherlock and Faucet or Providence ; Dick's Lectures on Theology ; WoUadion 3 Re- ligion of Ntluro delineated, -.cc. 6; Chalmers' works; wi Hall. works of Robert LECTURE XI. f MORAL OBLIGATION. Whfit. is meant by obligation when the term is applied ;o the material universe. The di^.. lion of a physical and moral nature. The ground of nir.ral obligation. The con- flict of opinion prevailing among philosophers on this subject. The declared will of God as t»'-» moroi governor, the solo rule and standard of all our quali'ies and actions, religious and moral. Ho^ the will of the Supreme Governor is made known. The principle of moral obligation The nature '^ God the great formal reason of obedience to his will. This not inconsistent with the will of God as the rule of duty. The glory of God and the enjoyment of him the chief end of man. Books of Refkbenck— VVardla^v's Ethics; Withcrspoon's Moral Philosophy; works of Robert Hall; Chalmers, oti the Intellectual -ad Moral Conutituiion of Man; VVarburton's Legation, vol 1, page 38, '.5; Mason's Christian Morals; Paley's Moral Philosophy; Doddridge's Lec- tures, lect. 32. 1 LECTURE XII. THE FOUNDATION OF RELK1.ON. VIRTUE AND MORALTIT. What is truth. All things must be resolved into oae and the same great principle. The supreme will of God. The knowledge of the will of God the foundation of religion, virtue rnd morality. These import one and the same thing under different specifications. Religion a term of great com- prehensive import, including all the duties we owe t( God, to our fellow-men and to ourselves. Various definitions and descriptions of true relig-on given in Scripture. Religion is love, and this love is keeping God's commandments. The 10 CQUBSS OF &TUDT. terms virtue and morality, when analyzed, import the same, thing as religion. The virtues classified, Mt)rality is coor* formity to the Divine will. 'JVue religion, virtue and montlityiv cannot be learned from the light of nature and reason, with- out a Divine revelation. The world by wisdom kpcw Eot God. The insufficiency ©(the light of nature acknowledged! by some of the wisest chaiacters of the heathen world. Ac^ knowledged even by the enemies of revelation themselvei, and in spite of themselves. Books of Reference. — Edwards, on Virtue; Paley's Moral Phi- losophy; Cumberland's Law of Nature, chap. 1, sec. 4; Bealtie's Ele- ments of Moral Science; Dwighl's Theology. , LECTURE XIII. THE SCRIPTURES COMMEND TO OUR NOTICE THE D'SCOVERIBSt OF NATUR£. The law of nature distinguished from the light of nature. The Scriptures commend to our notice the discoveries of nature. Unfold the ignorance of men notwithstanding these- discoveries. Tho Scriptures teach us that the works of creation and Providence declare the being and perfections of God, and in various ways manifest his will. Passages to the purpose cited, both from the Old and New Testament Scrip- tares. One important design of Divine revelation, especially io early times, was to awaken men to perceive the discoveries ofGod made in his works. Passages quoted from Scripture to this purpose. The light of nature and the works of crea- tion and Providence not sufficient to supply all the knowledge which a sinner needs. The impiety and immorality of men rendered inexcusable. LECTURE XIV THE INSUFFICIENCY OF THE LIGHT OF NATURE. The views entertained by Deists and Socinians of the sub ject of the light of nature. The Scriptures warrant the con- clusion that the light of nature is utterly insufficient to guide men to happiness. Facts and experience confirm this con- clusion. The knowledge of the true God cannot be attained 00UR8E OF 8TUDT. 11 I from the light of nature in the present sinful condition. The light of nature cannot show men how to worship God in an acceptable manner. The light of nature insufficient to discover in what the true happiness of men consists. The light of nature insufficient to show the real condition and cha- racter of men as sinners, and how they came to be in this condition. The light of nature not sufficient to discover how the evil can be remedied and the disease removed. The light of niittire cannot discover the rulfe of duty, and afford motives to enforce obedience. The light of nature not suffi- cient to discover a future state. DooKs OF Rbfbrbnce.— Halyburton's Inquiry into the principleB of Modern Deist*. Brown's View of Natural and Revealed Religion, book 1 , chap. 2. Leland's View of Deistical writers, and also his Advijiy^geB and Mecesaity of the tiiristian Revelation. Haly bttrton't Natural Rtelig* inreff. Butler's Analogy, part 2, chap. 1. Clarke's NaU and Rev, RehgiOBl,; Drop. 1, 7. Warburton's Div. Leg. Ridgley's Body of Div., vol. I. Appt0t6h's Lectures, lect. 1, 6/ Boylian Lecttfrts, vdl; 1, pag« 165. iJuyle*B works, vol. 3, page 1. l»*«5«t«'' 12 C0UR8I OF STUDY. CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY. N «•. LECTURE I. THEOLOGY. Theology defined. The application of the word by the ancient Heathen writpj-s. By the ancient writers of the Chris- tian Church. Employed sometimes in a restricted and at other times in a more extended sense. Applied to some of the Christian Fathers. Theology variously distinguished. True and false. Natural and supernatural. Christian The- ology arranged under various divisions. Positive and scho- lastic. Exegetical. Historical. Pastoral. The more com- mon divisions of Theology are didactic or systematic The- ology. Polemic Theology. Practical Theology. Theology, a subject of universal interest. Directions for the right study of Theology. Make divine truth itself the object of inquiry, and seek it sincerely. Pursue ihis object with earnest atten- tion and intense application of mind. Make the Holy Scrip- tures the only standa. ' of moral and religious truth. Search them with eager, painfiil, and persevering diligence, making use of all proper means for ascertaining their meaning, iti order to the attainment of Theological knowledge. Seek the illumination of the Holy Spirit by earnest, instant, and per- severing prayer. To attain the knowledge of Theology, it must be sought with a free judgment, and a sanctified mijid, or in the exercise of unfeigned piety, and the teaching of the Holy Spirit. The case of Spinoza and Huss, as adduced by Dr. Woods, in illustration of the subject. Books of Reference.— Dwight's Theology. Dick's Theology. Hey's Lectures, vol. 1, chap. 10. Leighton's Lectures, Introduction. Campbell, on Syst. Theol., Intro. Disc, and Lect. 1, 6. Brown's Intro, to the Bible, chap. 2. Stapferi, torn. 1, chap. 1, 2. Wood's works, vol. 1. Owen's Theology, 1, 13. Ridgeley's B. D., vol. 1,6, 11. Edvards' God's Last End in Creation. Wishart's Theol., page 440, 526. Pici?t'8 Theol., lib. 1, chap. 28. Witherspoon's works, vol. 4, Introd. Lecture. COURSE OF STUDT. m LECTURE II. THE STANDARD OF THEOLOGY. Theology is conversant about God and his works. Is independent of faith and reason as to its nature and founda- tion. Is not contrary to either, but susceptible of both. Various opinions held with respect to the standard by which all matters of faith and practice in i ;ligion are to be tried. Romanists maintain that the Church is an infallible judge. They also place the apocryphal books, and unwritten tradi- tion, upon an equal footing with the Holy Scriptures. Quakers, and other enthusiasts, who pretend to new revela- tions of the Spirit, make these revelations, or the light within them, the standard. Socinians contend that' reason is the standard by which we are to judge of the doctrines of reve- lation. What is ani what is not the provirfce of reason in matters of religion. The Scriptures are the supreme standard of religious truth. The infallible judge by which all doctrines are to be tried, and the rule by which all controversies in re- ligion must be determined. Books of Rkferewcb. — Witsius' Miscel. Locke. Brown*8 Nat, and Rev. Religion. Campbell's Pref. to the Gospels. Ridgeley's B. D.^ vol. 1 ; p. 33, 96. Gill , 41 , 63. Dick's Theol. Lee, 2, 3. LECTURF. III. CREEDS AND CONFESSIONS OF FAITH. The subject of making a profession important. A duty in- cumbent upon all. Ought to be performed in the most direct, decided and unequivocal manner. Creeds and Confessions of Faith have been abused. The right of private judgment in matters of religion, asserted and vindicated at the time of the Reformation. This principle, at first insisted on by Pro- testants, was afterwards denied by them in practice. In England the anti-Christian notion of the king's supremacy in matters of religion was established. The connection of church and state in Scotland. The magistrates' power in matters of religion. Creeds and Confessions substituted in place of the Scriptures. This an abuse, but no argument against their lawfulness. An argument in their favor, and T'^nders them necessary. Tne adoption of Creeds has been found necessary in all ages of the Church. The Westminster 14 CX)URSE OF STUDY. Confession of Faith. Has been generally adopted by Pres- byterians. The Church of Nova Scotia has adopted this Confession of Fajith- T^^^clare adherence to a Confession, not a mere formality, but a very weighty transaction. We flhouid guard against a superstitious veneration for what is ancient on the one hand, and against an innovating find ac- eomomdating spirit on the other. Books of Referenck. — Harmony of the CoafQssions ofFaith of th« Chmtiaa and Reformed Chnrches. Watta' Rational {foundation of a CUMTiatiaa Chnrch. Gfaham, on Establishmentg. Paley ^8 Philosophy i^iiler, uo Creeds. lij LECTURE IV. tHE AUTHENTICITY, PURITY, AND CREDIBUJTT OF, THE SCRIPTURES. The canonical books contained in the writings of the Qld and N«w Testaments, to the exclusion of the Apocryphal books. The Apocryphal books of the Old Testanaent. Were never received into the sacre i canon by the Jewish Church. The testimony of Josephus. W^ere not sanctioned by Christ and his Apostles. Nor by the Christian Fathers. Pronounced canonical by the Council of Trent. Evidence that the Apocryphal books are not canonical. The Apo- cryphal books of the New Testament. The sacred Scriptures as distinguished from the Apocryphal books, are the writings contained in the Old and New Testaments. Called canonical. The meaniflg of the word canon. The verification of the canon a matter of great importance. The integrity of the canon of the Old Testament attested by the whole nation of the Jews. Sanctioned by Christ and his Apostles. The canon rests upon Divine authority, conveyed by ordinary means. A number of questions respecting the canonical books. which require to be answered. The authenticity of the Scriptures oi' the Old and New Testaments. Proved by various arguments. The purity of the Scriptures. A pure, entire, and uncorrupted rule of faith and manners. Evidence in support of this point. The credibility of the sacred Scrip- tures. Arguments in support of their credibility stated. The Bible a remarkable book. OOURaS OK STUDY- IB Books ©rRKri!!R«wc«.-Horae'Blntrodaction. Alexktjdw. «» tte ^■■ci Wilwn'8 Lectures on the Evideooea of Chri8UaijU> . UtcH • ¥h«ol vol I lect 3, 13. UiU's Lectures on Divinity. Leland s viaw nfl)Ai«'tirar writers! Watfon's Apology for the Bible and for Christianity. MaShtrt^ Probability of'the^Go.pel History. Watson's Tracts. !ol 1 3 4 5 GrotiL's de Veritate. StilUagfleet's or.g. Sac W«tber. I^n's iofks. vol. 4 Barrow's works. 171, .8.^ J«rUn oa the Chr«u^ Rflliirion 76-^116. Butler's Analogy. Sh«rlock'8 Serni.» 3^5* 9, 10. W. Soddridge's 10 Ser. Bogue's Essay. Bai«=^'s works. Origin contra Celsum. T. A. Tarretin. vol. 1. LECTURE V. INSPIRATION OF THE SCRIPTURES. The nature of Inspiration. Several kinds of Inspiration enumerated. Different theories with respect to the extent of Inspiration. Definition of Inspiration. Ali the penmen of Scripture were under a Divine impression or impulse when employed in the composition of Holy Writ . This Divine im- pression or impulse was such as made it certam to the persons inspired that it came from God. This Divine impression impulse or influence, was of different kinds or degrees, suited to the nature of the communications made. The Divine im- pulse or influence did not deprive the inspired pe»men of the use of their mental faculties. The sacred writers wene *mder the infallible direction of the Spirit, in their woRds^ and ex- preasions as well as in their sentiments. A wonderful wftKon of Divine and human agency observable m the lnspical*on ot the Scriptures. Wilson and Gaussen qnofced. ,. Books o» RaFEaKNCE.-Dick's Thaol., 'ec.. 11. Oickv on ^Inspi- ration Caiamy's Sermons. 2, 5, and Appendix. Hartley'^ Ghf. ^elig.. pa-'es 18 22 Wilson's Lectures on the Evidences of ChrislianUyA Ridseley.'vol. 1, page 47. Campbell's Gospels, vol. 1, diss. 1, part 2. Lowlh, on inspiration. Michaelis, on New Test., vol. I, chap, 3. Scott s Essays, essay 1. Carson's works, vol. 3. LECTURE VI. INSPIRATION OF THE SCRIPTURES CONTINUED. The revelation of the mind of God to the church was given out gradually, by divers parts, and at sundry seasons. Im- medTately after the fall, and to those who lived before the flood To Noah. To Abraham. And to Moses, by whom il rx le COURSE OF STUDY. it was first commitled to writing. To David To Solomon A^d to the prophets, down until the time of Malachi the wt of theprophets under the Old Testament. The New Testament Scriptures. Those who were dn«|nely inspired and sent to reveal the mind of God to the church, obtained ?heir relehitions in various way,. Though the Scripture is }he word of God, yet every thing that is contained in it is no Ihe word of God or to be ascribed to God as its au hor. Al Scripturetnspired. Those passages in which Paul is thought to dfsclaim Inspiration considered. The great practical im- portance of the'^doctrine ofthe Inspiration of the Scriptures. BOOK. 0, B-----«r 5: t'^tzivl\i'oL zv\-. InepiratioD. Edward, on liev. LECTURE VII. PROOFS OF THE INSPIRATION OF THE SCRIPTURES. Both reasonable and necessary that the Scriptures should bo inspired. The Scriptures lay claim to Inspiration. The testTmSny of the writers themselves that they were inspired Passages in the New Testament which directly assert the fact «f the Inspiration of the Old Testament Scriptures Test,- „o„v of the penmen of the New Testament that they them- selves were inspired when they wrote that part of Scripture. The character ofthe penmen furnishes evidence ofthe divme originarand authority ofthe Scriptures. They were per- S both of capacity' and integrity the two q-'jAc^^ «- reauisito to make test mony credible. The absurdities to Teh Infidels must be reduced in rejecting the testimony of The sacred penmen. The Scriptures could come from none but God himself. Impossible that they can be the contrivance and invention of man. The Scriptures have been recognized as given by Inspiration of God, in every age. «,". 1, .erm. 21. Zacharia'. Bible Theol . vol 1, sect. 19, 4!. Home Introdoction. Knapp's Christian Theology, vol. 1. COURSI «r 8T0DT. n LECTURE VIII. EXTERNAL EVIDENCE OF INSPffiATlON.-MIRACLES. Argu,ne«t fro.n Miracles f 'f^'',^ ^J: fimet of aTmen! A Miracle is a '"P«"?t"f 'J° „,„.e in a manner not con- duced, or an event which takes pace in a . ^^^^^ ^^ formed to the common '»;" "^ "fi^ws nIc but God can accounted for accordmg to these laws i perform Miracles or -power c^^^^^^ The question whether "l'"^""'?" "* .y-ht by apostate spirits. b. consistently Bupposed » b« wrought by ^ p^^^ V Opinions on both sides ^ta'ed- i" jjj.^^leg. M^agicians. *^^*^'^^^^^f*;7 „aj,„er of perform- distinguished by their number. ^^•^'«^*y;"^.X\te Divine in- ance.lnd all the characters -l^^'ZVl.s^^^^^^ --^' •piraiion. The evidence for the Miracles oi ocr ^ b 18 COURSE or STUDT. parefll with that which can bv. offered in favour of any other Miracles Things that must be laid out of the case m this comparison. BooKfl or REr«RCMC«.— Tho«rreferredlooiitheprece4iiigl«ctBfe. with th« HdditioB tf iKe foil.,wing r-Th. «rl,cle M.racU. Eacy. BrU^ Doddridge • Lecturei, lect. 101 •nd 185. Hurr«on. on th0.Spinl.p^. 2W. Naiaral Hlrtory of BnthoiiMin. DottEla«»t CrUonoa. Brown • lEmj o« the ClwrtetornUM, p. 171. Jortin'* Romarki on Eccl, Hwt. i' \ LECTURE X. EXTERNAL EVIDENCE OF INSMRATION.— PKOPHBCT. The religion of the Bible founded on Prophecies as weH as on Miracles. The argument arisinr from Prophecy for the inspiration of the Scriptures stated in 2Peter i. 16—21 , in con- nection with Rev. xix, 10. The word of God contains • sys- tem of Prophecy, commencing with the fail, and extending to the final consummation of all things. The entire voluijie of orophetic writings called a sure word of Prpph^cy. Con- firmed in its accomplishment. To give attention to this sure word of Prophecy is the duty of Christians. The rule for interpreting Prophecy. The meaning of the term Prophecy. Foretelling f'Uure events. Events which no created sagacity could foresee. Which none but God could reveal The system of Prophecy of vast extent. Prophecy has a spirit or •piritual sense. This spirit the testimony concerning Jesus. The design of Prophecy. Affords evidence of the truth of Revelation A growing evidence. Quotation from Biphop Newton. Examples of the fulfillment of Prophecy. The first and grand prediction fulfilled. Other predictions which have been fulfilled, and the evidence of which is found in the Bible itself. Books or RufEK.NCS.-Hard'i Leclurer Paley»t Evid.. pfrt J. DOOM ur * Relig..D. 109-118. Ch!lmer8»Evid.,chap. 6. SiMVia th« Virginia Universitj Uclnr... M.r.h'. Uc .re.. Urt. ^. SI. te; FlLInt of Scrip. P. -.ph. F.lta.'. G-H^'" .•-■■ J^ftn^. ^rtl chiD 1. SiraMon'. Key 10 tlie PtopliM'".- Dr. J. P. Smith, o« ffi^erpreUin ofProphecy. ^K.i.h.oo.he E- ide... .f Prepbeey. «4 m Ui8 Signs of the Times. "•*».fe OOOftll Of STUDY. 19 any other ise in this ting t«otare, Eoej. Brit, kirit, {>. 299. BCT. Ei well ai cy for the l\ , in eon- lina • lys- tending to volume of zy. Con- [> this sure le rule for Prophecy, d sagacity eal The a spirit or ing Jesui. le truth of om Bishop ecy. The ions which >und in the Ivid., pfrt 8, vid. fChap. 0. eture on Pro- i.Leet.20,21. wt Witneii, P. Smith, oa *rophiec7i aad LECTURE XI. BTlbwiCES OF INSPIBATION.-SUCCESS OF THE GOSPEt. ThU trgument fbr the divine authority of the Christian re- ;i:ra%Tn:pT.re"aial!:rb.S^^^ Gospel. ^Tho argu- ment from the iapld and extensire propag«t(on of «)« ^ -pel He Sated from the circutastances "Pf*' J^frld prove 3r the be- B of cre^- y abiding assumed, ted in the texture of the Bible. On ^^e te-timony of God m all matters of faith must rest. \"^^X ATheis s testimony are. according to the Apostle, Atheists. BOOKS or RKr.nc.c..-Pear.on. on th» Cjee^^ ^^^ Zrul Creed. Charaock. vol. 1. 1-46 Harrow vol I and i.J^ Delineated. Burnet, on the 39 Article-. Wolloston . Relg.^^^^^^^^^ LECTURE XIV. THE MODE .N WHICH THE HUMAN M.ND ACQUIRES THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOD. To know God .he sun. of Tue reli|ion. Wh»t .he Scrip- tures .each »«to beheve concer^ng God^ ^ Summary ^^.^^^^^ of .he na.uie and perfec.ions of God g'',^" "" , y Confession of Failh ""d Ca.ech.s s ^"■"P* ^'"^ °', ^foU is the medium by which we »,X twee n ourTn.elfectual and There is an obvious similitude l^"'"" " °" ^"i„„3 from Br. moral nature and the njiture of Go^.^^"",',"^''"" Man's un- Seiler, Beecher, and Neander. Anlhropop^^^^^^ As to the likeness io God. As o '^e -^ode "f «^^'«;^*^ knowledge na.ure and extent of the divine ■'.""b"'-' ii p Te ktwn of'^dTnd Wly comprehending the infinity of h.s attributes. - Th« irticle in the Bibliotheca Sacra, for Books of »^EFERENCE.-The article in v ^j ^^erandMosheim. Juiv. 1850.entitled Man the 1"'«S« °f ^^'J;. ^', '' " is quoted by Dr. J. P. Smith, m his lestimony. LECTURE XV. THE NAMES AND SPIRITUALITY OF GOD. God, one pure and perfect Spirit^ The v-^^^^^^ which the divine perfection. ^^^^ ^^f^^J^; ^Lwn to us in The names ^^^f^J:\'^^^^^^^^^^ by his 'nirGod Atthty": but llso by his name Jehovah. God a II «**#-^^i*^AJ # «:.T|,- ^* V*€|!fj. i * I 22 COURSf OF 8TUDT. perfect being. His pr rfections systematically enumerated in h,. name as proclaimed to Moses. Exod, xxxiv. G 7 How ^r1,L'ncroVs„.Vif '"' ''""""« '^'' S"''^^' ^^ *»»« "*»"r« Thnn w« . r.? ' "^^ ^'^ 'gnorant. yet not more ignorant morphism ■' Thl' ""'Tl?' VT^' ^^"^^"^^- ^nthropo- Zn! ♦ n "P"''^"^'»^y o*^ God imports that he i. a real ire^'g';°""'"*'"'S""^-'"^°''Por<^«'-incorruptib'3 - invisible LECTURE XVI. NECESSARY EXISTNCE, ETERNITY AND IMMUTABILITY ' OF GOD. God necessarily and self-existent. Proof from reason and Scr,pture. God eternal. The eternity of God results from! neiL'n"'''''''''^ '"^P^^"^ ^"' ^'^ ""««"««^' underived, and irlTh? ^^•t''"""' ^'^"^ '^^"^ ^^^^°" «"^ Scripture. God .mmutable .n h.s existence, and in his nature oreasence. In stdaTS" VV^h" "•" ^^' ^"•'P^^^- In his love and specia lavor». With respect to space. And in all his mora! perfecuons. Quotations from Dr. Blair, and from Dr Dick PotpenT^ God lihT "^^''i'-^^^' ^^^ ^"^^^^ ^od s^ici muubillty '''• ^""'^^'^ '" P^"^^^ "° P^^^f ^^G^^d'fl LECTURE XVII. INDEPEOENCE AND OMNIPOTENCE OP GOD. bnl^ fin^'''^ '' absolutely independent and all-sufficient proved both from reason and Scripture. God independent in his e . ^nce. In h.s understanding and knowledge. Indepcnd- ^':. ^ 1 his Will, which IS absolute. Independent in his piwer >/ m COURSl or STUDY. 33 nerated in 7. How he nature ) ignorant A,nthropo- 3 k a real - invisible I Hob. , Tol. Ridgle^'t which none can control. Independent m h.s hol.nes.-.n hr. K00dne..-.nd in M hi. perfection. The "■J"'?"';"";';"/ God proved f,omre...n and Scripturo. Displayed n Ihe work. of creation-providence -and reden-.^aon. Tl e i^"*«' J" God inexhaustible. i"^"-^'fl-"'\rT^rl >S Quotation, from Dr. Wooda, defining the d.ffe.ent senses ol ,.ower, or the want of it, when spoken of God. to 21. Charnock, vol. 1, 417-493. OF GOD. ason and ilts from, ved, and ire. God ence. In love and lis moral )r.Dick. Tod said and re- ef God 'a Saurin'» Div. Perf. " Theol., LECTURE XVIII. THE OMNIl ABSENCE OR IMMENSITY OV GOD. Omnipresence of God declared in Scripture. C«'W)ot be limitec. incomprehensible, A f.ct not to be doubted Boh reason and Scripture giv. ample e-dence .n suppor of .t^ Notions entertained by Heathen philosophers. Passages quote" from their writings. Ancient erro. '^^'^rte doc Infidel philosophy of modern times. Pantheism^ Jl'tained trine of tho divine immensity or omnipresence as n^J'ntamed in opposition to the conceptions '^^^^^V P^' ^^^^^^^^ cient and modc-^n. Difficulties and objections stated to the doctrine of the divine omnipresence. The presence .^ God described ir Scripture from the manner of operation and manifestation. God's presence in the human nature of Christ. His special and peculiar presence ^^^h he church on earth. His glorious presence m heaven.. His Presence with the wicked in this world. Gods vindictive presence m hell. Book- or REr.RENC-Dwight. vol. 1. serm. 6. Cha'nockoroJ- 1 n IAS Ridfllflt vol 1. p. 64. s?aunn'« Serm., vol. 1, wm. »• ril;;" N.t ff/Nhtp 3.' Dick-, Theol., leot. l». T«rre..n. .om. 1, ]oe 2, qu. 9. ; proveJ : in his iepend- power. LECTURE XIX. THE OMNISCIENCE OF GOU The Omniscience of God closely connected with his Omni- presence. Proofs of God's Omniscience from reason. 34 i t ' fli iii! li i hi COURSE OP STUDT. Teslimonies from Heathen writers. Proofs from Scripture real. The manner or mode of the divine knowledBe P^^ fn"r T I'k'^','^ """ r^'" "<=' of ■■'- '"finite un'derstand- detnd?„t Th?L^* of God is eternal. Immutable In- &"The^ftK:di: of G^d" GTs'c:ed """"'" ..cul. and distinct. Perfel and infani^e"" tprt^^:rrf K LECTURE XX. 'iHE WISDOM OF GOD. Ll poss^a sTd of nfin'T^trom ' l! ^"^, ""*''".*'' ""'""«^- ProoFof God's inSl^lt^om\h^";:rrsVfrar • W"n' " ,!^^r.?""' ■^'■'"k^ '""J^^' talten'fromlrsta ry Xl^r ,r. • '1 ""'"'^Phere-the light-the terraqueous globe-the animate part of the creation The beaulifiil 2"<'ty^-'d,fiy<^mty, and no less remarkable relmblance r^;:^nXt"re:t:?fh: :L^rir^^^^^^^ Si:?:?rrnder'fui'tn!"'''^""-- --""»"• -^'5- P ^7rVT«rnn''lf'''''"',^-^.'''«-'^'' ^'»'* 1' ^^r^"' 13- Ridglev, VoJ 1 Saudn's Sera vo'i'^'.^^p' '°'-'' P" ^^^- '^'^'^'^ Theol.r !e t 22.' nmmmmmmmm^i^''^^^'^^'i'^'^'^^^^' Scripture. J persons lowledge. sible and [e. God Jerstand- l)Ie. In- h human idge par- ement of ith the fol- 112-119. Woods' COURSE OP STUDY. ^ LECTURE XXI. THE HOLINESS OF GOD. Consists in perfect freedom from all sin. In perfect love of goodness and rectitude. In moral excellenco. God es- sentially — perfectly — immutably— universally — and perpetu- ally holy. Proofs of God's holiness from the declarations of Scripture. Instances of the display of God's holiness in his works and dispensations. Objections to the holiness of God from the periaission of sin answered. Practical uses. Books or Reference.— Dick's Theol., lect. 27. Chamock, Gill, Ridgley, Polhill, chap. 3 Wisha't, v. 1. Brown's View Nat. and Rev. Relig., book 2, chap. 1, sect. 5. know- lanner. )erties. eation. starry juecus autiful blance ofthe e pre- )mi^he md ap- ;V0J. 1, n. .22. ''isdom LECTURE XXII. THE JUSTICE OF GOD. In what the justice of God consists. Distinguished inta absolute a^d relative. Commutative and distributive. The nature of God's justice The properties of divine justice. Proofs of God's justice, from the declarations of Scripture. From the dispensations of Providence. From the redemp- tion of sinners. Manifestation of justice at the last judgment. The rule of God's justice. Objections to the justice of God, Use ofthe doctrine. Books or Pkferenck.— Witsius' Economy, book 11, chap. 8. sect. 11. Dr. Owen, on the Justice of God. Dwight's Theol., sermon 10. Dick's The«l., lect. 25. Magee, on Aton. Edwards' works, vol. 7, p. 326. Fuller's works. Woods' works, vol. 2. LECTURE XXIIl. THE TRUTH AND FAITHFULNESS OF GOD. Explanation of terms. Truth. Faithfulness. Nature of the divine veracity. Properties. Proofs of God's truth — from the declarations of Scripture. From the predictions of Scripture. Faithfulness of God in his promises. Faithful- ness in his threateninsrs. Obiections. Use of the doctrine. ■4" mm Book ■erm Polh COURSE OP STUDY. .jj 6 «^, vgi. ,, p. 9. ^.dward* works, vol. 7, 412, Gill. LECTURE XXIV. THE GOODNESS OF GOD verse, in the dispensations of providence Tn r«i« ." Objections against God's aoodness FrL ,1 ""^^^^"^P^'on. sin into the world Vr.^^ feOoaness. iirom the entrance of and impr::e;tfof th^rcl'inT^'"" ^''^'^^'^^^ ^^*'- ^- i^r::iv' ^:jz:r^^^^ '«-• 2^. /.igh,. .01. i. Sermons, vol. 1, serm. 18 Tnr i.in . ^ ^i' ^" ^'^- ^"°^- O'^vis'l vol. 1. p. 129-.137 Turret.D, torn. 1 , loc. 3. qo. 20. Stapfer, LECTURE XXV. ' THE UNITY OP GOD. Christ. The unilv of <^„i ■ r > ?' '*"' '" opposition to denpp '^Pkr. woFKs or creation and nrovJ- i; nit^r consistent with a trinity in the Godhead. BooKa or Refekiciici — Wi>hari>a Tl,..i . *■ Dick'. Th.„l.,l?c,. 18 Hor-tv?; TrZ'F'''V^'' ' '»'• '•""»• COURSE OF STUDY. 27 LECTURE XXVI. THE TRINITY. We should approach this subject with devotional reverence aiid profound humility. Explanation of the terms employed in speaking on the subject. Godhead. Person. Trinity — Homausios. The doctrine of the Trinity a glorious incom- prehensible mystery. A doctrine wholly supernatural. Traces of it found among the Heathen. A Aindamental article of the Christian religion, upon the knowledge and belief of which our eternal salvation depends. A doctrine which has been violently opposed in all ages of the church. Cerinthians. Sabellians. Arians. Socinians. Unitarians. The doctrine of the Holy Trinity of great practical use in religion. Books or Referknck. — Owen, Wa.ts, Jones, S.Browne, Fawcett, A. Taylor, J. Scott, and Simpson on the Trinity. Wishart's Theology. Pearson, on the Creed. Waterland's Discourses, LEOTURE XXVII THE TRINITY — CONTINUED. The Trinitarian aoctrine does not involve self contradic- tion as Socinian writers affirm. The boasted argument of Dr. Priestley proceeds on false assumptions. God not one and three in the same respect. One in respect of essence, three in respect of persons. The Scriptures reveal the fact that there is a distinction in the Godhead. We are unable to comprehend the nature and mode of the distinction. Pro- fessor Stewart quoted on the subjecl. The Scriptures fre- quently announce an indefinite plurality. They also teach us that the persons in the Godhead are precisely three in Aumber. The three in the Godhead, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, are persons, and not bare names, attributes or modes of action. The Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, are distinct persons. Distinguished from the Divine essence and frono^ ond another. Booici 6t RittniiMct;. — ^I'hote referred to on the preceding lectvre .__-.! !»!. .!__ #-_ii ? r» ? J ■ I « P^""*""*' property sonal property of thf In , 1°"/""" »" «'ernity. The per- personal p/ope?tv of Zs •.?°"'" "'""'« ^'^'^e^ The and the Son "^ The eternal .^n '° P™T? '""™ ">« father •her. Wha it s noT M .T "'""' ""^ ">« ^on by the Fa- essence trthe In by Th Fa.r,'"""'?r';*'" ^''"■e divine fathers, and of ^od^ern'di'vin^s'^: 'l^e suT>c ""^A^'^d 1 '""^ of the eterna eeneratinn r.r tu "If ^"°JJ<^5; -ine doctrine abundantly taught ^nsiZure Thfsn "'h*''"^. -^1.""'^ "'«' personal property nh» Hi nu ^.""'""P »' Christ. The cession. The „7d, * Lnn^'''^'^^?^'' "•« ">ird person is pro- Godhead. The o «r if '"''''''«"<=«J'f 'he persons in the Holy Ghost, dWne p s„ns°'"Tt°"h ^'j" ^''^''- «»"' '"'^ cribed to each person"" The FathtXi'nT^''" "'^^"^ ^^- Div.. book I , p', 190-205! Irpfo. ,„f rc. Te.'"'- *"'"■' ""^^ »f LECTURE XXIX. THK TRINITY, DIVINIly OF CHRIST COURSE OF STUDY. 29 being. The second person of the Godhead. Called an angel because he took on himself the office and ministry of mediator. The angel of the covenant. The essential and incommunicable perfections of Deity ascribed to Christ. Eternity. Omnipresence. Omniscience. Omnipotences Immutability. Christ has all the fullness of the divine per- fections, really, and in deed, and truth, so that he who hath "teen him hath seen the Father. Books of Reference — Abbadie,on the Divinity of Christ. Wyn- persse, on the Godhead of Christ. Dwight, vol. 2,Berm. 35. Scott'a Essays, 6. Wooda' works, vol. 1. LECTURE XXX. THE TRINITY, DIVINITY OF CHRIST. Works peculiar to Deity ascribed to Christ. The argu- ment for his divinity arising from his works brought clearly into view by our Lord in his discourse with the Jews, John, chap. 5, 17 — 30. Our Saviour claims a community of opera- tion with the Father. In vindicating his claim he sometimes speaks of himself with respect to his mediatory character, and at other times with respect to his original and divine character as the Son of God. To Christ are ascribed the works of universal Creator. Of the preservation of al! things. Universal dominion and government. The work of givingj and restoring life. The work of building the Church- -t»> which he stands in the relfition of proprietor. The act of forgiving sin expressly ascribed to Christ. The all compre- hensive work iif salvation. The work of universal judgment. The history of Christ proves that he did the works of God. Books or Reference. — Dwight, vol- l,8erm. 36, 37. .„.nieion'» Vindicat., vol. 1, book 3, chap. 6,7. Bradbury's My it., vol. 2, 103. Ridgley, vol. 1, p. 170. Wardlaw, Disc. 4; do. reoly, part 2, chap. 7. Stuart's Lett, to Chan., p. 67—76, 93. Smith's Scrip. Tett., vol. 2, p. 93, 392, 249, 608, 668. 30 COURSE OF 6TU0T. THE TRINITr, DIVINITY PF CHBIST. JUIigioua worship to bagiven to God alone. J^inna ci^^eed wk! idolatry la worshiping a being whom they consider to be a creature. Endeavor to vindicate themselvea by m^fcioe a distinction between supreme and inferior religious worship Papists make use of the same distinction. Xaireia and doultta. Sociuus fouodcd Christ's title to worship on the dominion to which he is exalted. Religious wwshipia the ascribing to him who is worshiped all infinite perfections. Not to be given to any who is not God by nature. Jesus Christ entitled to the same honor with the Father, because God by nature. Proofs that Jesus Christ is the object of religious worship. The command of God. Was worshiped before his assumption of human nature under the Old Testa- ment. Worship paid to him and accepted by him during his abode on earth. After his ascension. The Epistles. The Book of Revelation. Internal anJ external worship. Call- ing Mpon the name of Christ. Books of R.fer.nck. -Dick's Thed., lect. 82. Waus, rol. 6. £*?l-. i*™"»2°"' Vind., vol. 1, bo«k ». chap. 4. Scott'a EwaTS. 7 SmUh'sScrip Test. vol. 8, p. 58d. 617, Wood's works. toM: Hprsjey'; ?v*?''l^*J; \?-r ^*/«i^' ''}• 2'^"™- ^^- AhbadW. chap. 6. sec.V Waterland's Def., vol. 2, p. 410— 433. • f • " *• I LECTURE XXXII. THE TRINITY.— THF DIVINITT OF TE^ HOLY QHOST. . '^^® Holy Ghost a divine person. The names and titles by which God is distinguished ascribed to the Spirit. The essential perfections of Deity ascribed to him. Works com- petent to God only performed by the Holy Ghost. Worahip proper to God only required and given to the Spirit. The Father, Son, and HolyGhost, one true and proper God. One in nature and essence. Equal in all essential perfectiong in influence and in glory. Unity of love, of will, and of opera- tions Real and mutual. In being in one another. Th9 die- tinction m the Godhead, though real, does not imply a plurality •ifii ''^m^ couiiai o? sTuor. 31 of Gods. The three persons one and the same God. The omnipotence, omniscience and entire divine perfections of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, one and the same. Cannot determine in what the personality consists. Nothing in nature that resembles it. Some of the errors into which mea have fallen on the doctrine of the Trinity specified. . Book* or R^nVRKifGC.-- Dwight, yoI. 3, iierm. 70. Ri»olc 4, ebap. 18. Gayait on the Holy Ghost, p. 21, 223. Doddr.'Lect., voi. 2, p. t79. WillMripoM, Toi. it htct. 11. Howe's works, Tot. 6. p.-3ft8. TolRttia^ torn. I, loe. S, qo. 30, 31. Batas' workp, ch. S, p. 74. HUl'a Oiviaity. Wood'a works, rol. 1. Smith, oo the Trinity, lect. 8. LECTURE XXXIU. tHl'tREAtMBNT OP THE SCRIPTURES BY SOCWIANS) AND THBIR OBJECTIONS TO THE DOCTRINE Of THE TRmiTT. The Scriptures profess to be divinely inspired, and to be the standard by which all controTersies in religieua m&tters are to be decided. The Scriptures should be regarded with the most profound reverence. Socinians have very little re- spect for the Scriptures. Specimens of their treatment of the Scriptures produced from their writings. Priestly. Slun- bart. Smalcus. Belsham. The Bible claims to be absohite add 0nal authority. This authority rejected by Socinians. They object that the doctrine of the Trinity involves a contradiction. That it is inconsistent with the Divine unity — and that it is a mere speculative point, which can have no practical influence in religion. These objections answered, and the practical influence aad importance of the doctrine pointed out. Pooxs or RcriRiiMCK. — Cal. and Soe. Systems compared by Faller. Priest£ly*a Early Opin., vol. 1, sect. 4, vol. 2, book 2, chap. 2. Yates's Vindieatioo, part 3, chap. 1, 3. Unitarian Traeta, p. 74, 145. 175, dte. Clarke, on the Trinity. Belsbam'a Essays, vol. 1, essay 6, Liadaay'a works. Crelli Op., torn. 5, pars I. Dwight, vol. 2,seria, S9--41, 32 Course or study. LECTURE XXXIV. THE DECREES OF GOD. The agency of a three-one God prior to all created exist- ence. Intrinsic acts in God, having a relation to things without himself. These intrinsic acts commonly denominated the Decrees of God. The phrase, Decrees of God, has been rather umortunately used in Theological writings to express the doctrine intended. What are called the Decrees of God spoken of m Scripture under various designations, such as the will, the counsel, the purpose, the determination, the prescience or foreknowledge of God. The doctrine as taught in our standards. A connection between the knt wledge and decree or purpose of God. In his purpose or decrel, God has fixed the whole plan of his works. The foreknowledge or decree of God extends to all future.things, without except- ion The Decrees of God are marked by certain distin- guishing properties. They are eternal—wise-lrce— unconditional. The Scriptures expressly assert the doctrine ? fu u"® Decrees The truth of the doctrine evident from the character of God, as described in Scripture. The truth of the doctrine evident from the difficulties and absurd consequences that result from the denial of the doctrine The whole series of Scripture prophecy a proof of the doctrine. B00K8 OF REFEREWCE.-Pearson.ontheCreed. Charnock.vol 1 Hopkins vo . 1 , page 106-224. Burnett, 145-170 Kidelev Gill W,.hart'8 Theology, vol. 2. p. 203-211. Edward'Lemarks^chaD 3' foTWlfzl' ITV''!' H?'V",^P" '-• «• pa- rSick's ThLi; S Chan 20 9i T .^«'gh'°n « ^ecturea, 10. Calvin's Inst., book S. chap. 20-24. lurretin, lorn. 1, loc. 4. Lime Street Serm., vtl. 1, LECTURE XXXV. PREDESTINATION. — ELECTION. Predestination not different from the decrees ef God in £" n • ' ^"/ ?u^ '' ^ P^^^ '' ^'^^^^"^ ^^'^ the whole The nieaning of the word. Predestination viewed :ts havina a reference to angels. As embracing the destinies of the whole COUKSE OF STUDV. 33 3d exist- D things minated las been express of God, such as ion, the 3 taught dge and Be, God )wledge except- 1 distin- -Irce — loctrine evident . The absurd e. The rine. i, vol. 1. . Gill, chap. 3. jTheol, It., book , vtl. 1. Sod in The ving a whole human race in general. In this point of view is the decree or purpose of God respecting the last end and final state of all men, with all the means thereof. Is eternal— free — sovereiirn—vvise— independent— immutable— and effectual. The dfjctrine of Predestination stated in the Westminster Confession of Faith, and 17ih Article of the CImrch of Eng- land. Election is tho choice which God, in^tiie exercise of his sovereign grace, has made of certain indTviduals ot man- kind to enjoy salvaticn by Jesus Christ. The diflerent meanings of the word in Scripture . The doctrine of Election, as it is the choice of some person.s, in preference to others, expressly taught in the Word of God. A- eternal act of God's will. An act of Divine sovereignty— free and uncon- ditional—personal and particular— immutable and infallible. The elect chosen in Christ. Election known by the fruits of it in effectual calling. BooKH OF Reference —VViihorspoon, vol. 4. p. 75. Brown's B. D., p. 140. Brown's View of Nat. and Rev. Relig., book 2, chap. 3. Fuller's Gospel Worthy, p. 105. Chalmers Serint n», 11 Burton's Ea- says. ess. 23—25. Wilsiua'a CEcon , vol. 2, chap. 4. Bellamy, vol. 1, p. 124-370. LECTURE XXXVI. REPROBATION. Election confirmed by the Divine call. God's decree of* Reprobation as it respects men. In it something negative, and something positive. The doctrine of Reprobation very awful, but clearly taught in the Word of God. Founded in the sovereign will of God. Sin not the cause of Reprobation, but the cause of damnation. Suprulapsarians and Sublap- sarians. Difficulties in the doctrine of Predestination. May be abused. Is of practical use, and ought to be publicly taught in the church. Objections. It lays man under the necessity of sinning, and makes God the author of sin. It makes God to be partial, and a respecter of persons. An ob- jection from those declarations, of Scripture in which salva- tion is supposed to be suspended on faith, obedience, and perseverence in holiness. It supersedes the use of means, and encourages sloth and wickedness. Inconsistent with the invitati'.ns of the Gospel, and with the character of God, especially his sincerity and love. c 84 COrR«E OP STUDT. N.wton', „o,l,«, ,„l. 1, „!„ iej C,!u. ^;. °s" f^"" /°'"".<'g"'"i.»g that God created the heavens and ^§;tdmiL^ rs^^^^^^^^ gmnmg when Cxod created the heavens and the earth Moses does not profess to give tb. nrecise dale when he says,' '• 356—359. —24. Wit- . page 390. 'intf, dead, "d. page 59. rning the set views th divine ing must '^ God to Oil, until orded in 5t of the ofCrea- at agent of those ree-one '8 Astro. ' Nature, lir's iSer- itsius, on ns and nning. nning, of the to be Jong, le be- earth. says, COURSE OF STUDT. 35 that it was in the beginning that God created all. things. To adcertain how long the world has existed, we must have re- course to other parts of ti.e inspired writings. The chro- nology of the Chinese, Chaldeans, Egyptians, and Hindoos. The different calculations in Scripture chronology. Evidence in confirmation of Scripture chronology with respect to the age of the world, arising from the comparative lateness of invention. The discoveries of modern science, particularly of Geology, supposed to be inconsistent with the Scripture account of the date of the Creation. No inconsistency. BooKi OF Reference.— Article Creation, in Kitto's Cyclop. Bi- blical Liter. Lyell's Elements and Principles of Geology,, Dr. J, Pye Smith's Relations of Scripture to Geology. Dr. Buckland's Bridgewater Treatise. Dr. Hitchcock's Religion of Geology. Fnirhiilrne's (Jeology of Scripture. Dr. Young's Scriptural Geology. Rev. R. Wilson's Strictures on Geology and Astronomy. Scripture Evidences of Creation and Geology. Scripture Cosmogony. Dr. Anderson's Course of Crea- tion. Dr. Harris. Dr. K'ng. Dr. Chalmers, &c. LECTURE XXXIX. CREATION OF ANGELS. Ancrels a part of God's creation. The highest order of intelligent creatures. Possessed of great power — activity — knowledge. Holiness. Aro very numerous. Angels hold the first employments and offices in the universe. Are God's ministers — perform his purposes— study and admire his works — particularly the plan of redemption — watch over believers. Are employed in praising God. Part of them confirmed ir ^ holy and happy state, while others have fallen from that state. Books of Reference. — Dwighi's Theol., serm. 18, 19. Dick's Theol., lecture 38. Scott's works. Gill. Ridgley. Ambrose, oa Angela. Works of Robert Hall, vol. 3. Moses Stuart's ^.ketches of Angel- ology. LECTURE XL. FALLEN ANGELS. Angels, though created holy, were capable of defection, or fallible That there aro Fallen Angels or Evil Spirits, is «, 36 COURSE OF STUDY. evident from the Scriptrre. Two Drincinlpfl «« i i -t light and darkness, d'o exist 'rtL u^^ er^e^'^T^^^^ «nenks m..,.h K«»u ^r *u_ .. ■ . ^ universe. 1 he Bible doom. Heatiien oracles-Demoniacs- Witchcraa. of Uohert Hall. BUhoV PorZ! Ser J vcV 2"" R^ ^°'^'' Devices. ^ oermons, vol. 2. Brooks, on Satan's LECTURE XLI. THE CREATION OF MAN. Man made last. Made immediately by God Cr^nt.A spiritua,Uy_i.„„Hali.,_rectUul-do2o„Il':p;';„^l:f' the Creed, vol. I. Edw.Tds- iT., r„H ,V "i"'''""" °' Wileiu., oo LECTURE XLII. PROVl.OENCR. God has dominion over all iliiiii.a «,.™i. r n as seated upon an ..v.IiVh , ' ^ymhohc^ny represented: T;,at there %".videce .'r""'.'". "" '"'" •=''^'""«»- IS evident from re', c.„ A 1 *^ "' ''""' f-'"™™^ ">« «">f'<) belief oftheTein" rood and oT?7 "'"r"""" '',''""^^" "■« ^ence of God evidorfrom""!, c ''''"':'■ , ^''^ P™"" harmony of all thin" s Tn",h! ,-. ^'' '" ">" <"•''«'• «"<> of kingdoms-deliSices l„d ""r"*"""" """^ '^volutions .niversa.^oL^r:';t'„\^:Sov:n;: ^ Si™; f reial^ i m '•n COURSE OF STUDY. 37 and evir, he Bible ' of Evil do under r names, I Serpent w angeJs 5 present r future cl('8 The- . Works n Satan'a ^Veated of body icludes inesd. Blair'f tsius, on DickV sen ted itures. world en the Provi- Jr and li^.ions t, and ce its The lation clearly testifies that there is a superintending Providence. Providence comprehends all the actions of God which have a respect to his creatures. Includes his purpose, presence, and operation in time. Providence is God's preserving, governing, and disposing of all things. Providence is uni- versal. It extendd to the sinful actions of wicked men. Particular providence. Books of RicrEnENCK — DicU'a Theol , lect. il, 42, 43. Calvin»« lasiitutes, book I, chap. 16— 18. Goodwin, on Allieidrn. Sherlock, on Providence. Flavel, Charnock, Bishop Hopkins, and Rjdgley, in 5^' Providence. LECTURE XLIII. PROVIDENCE — CONTINUED. The providence of God exercised about his creatures ac- cording to their respe Uive natures, and the general laws which he has established for their government. The church or people of God the pe-.aliar objects of providence. All ruling and disposing providence assigned to Christ for the good of the church. Providence distinguished as immediate and mediate— ordinary and extraordinary— cotnrnon and .-jpacial— universal and particular. Under the direction of infinite wisc'om— exercised by a being cT almighty power — founded on equity— often dark and mysterious— manifestive of the divine glory. Objections answered. That it is be- neath God. Detracts from his blessedness. The disorders and confusion which take place in the world. The pros- perity of the wicked and the sufferings oigood men. Books of Re.t iknck.— Blair's Sermons, vol. 5, serm. 18. Wol- loston'fl Religion of Niiture Delineated, sec. 5. Chalmers' works. Works of Robert Hall. Works of H, More. D wight's Theology. Fuller's works. The Natural History of Enthusiasm. Boston's B. D. ScoU s works. LECTURE XLTV. THE PROVIDENCE OF GOD TOWARDS MAN IN PIS PRIMITIVE STATE. T'u- 1.^ «r r^^A ^,.mm'o\innAp.A [n prpntion nnd nrovi— 36 COURSE OP STUDY. natural Zt"'^' i'," t'" ^""''^'"^ »""«> " ">« <=«'"mon *nd CI .T i ^™"'*'' ""■*' "nportant privileges. One re- spects tl^e human species, and proudes for its muUip^fcali *n indlvrT""!;''"-- •**»"-'''g«- The o.l,er t,vo res/e s Se individua . Dominion over the creatures Provision fZ as the federal and law, or covenant htfad of his posteritT A spec.a act of providence-after man was put into thlR^delf Every thmg adapted for the accommodation of our first f,aren?s nfl„ f"".*"- -7^^ "■»* "^ '"■«. "d the tree ofknoSe of good and ev.l. Symbolical, or designed to giveTnstruc: prcbaLn" "4^^" '""'^'"''""'- *^'" P'»ced^in a sta^e :f proDation. The dispensation under which Adam was Dlarprt Boston's B.D and on tilV' ' 'j^?P^"»' Wilkins, on the Cov. nants. O^conomy, vol, 1. book 1. Strong, on the Cove- LECTURE XhV. THE VIOLATION OF THE COVENANT OF WORKS. th^Ltllnrr^)!" 'r T"' ri ^'^ ^^*"^"y ^^"' o- Violate ine covenant. The characterof the tempter. A sernent th* ~r:ars't' '^'^ ;^-P^- ^--'f. who m.de use" L serpent was Satan. The matter of the temptation The arf and sk.ll w.th which the temptation was conducted The character and circumstances of the persons tempted Thl success of the temptation. The conse^ences o7fl e temlta t.on The cause of the fall of our fi?st paren' ThTen^^^ of Satan m tempting man to sin. The aLravations of ^h« s.n of our first parents in eating the for-iddfu ML ' of Fact. Berry S Vee"' Lee ur^f i? i "' ^L^!'^^'^ ^PJ?«"' ''« Matters fold State, par^t 1 Wit "u^b^ik * cSJl '^t^}^^' ^"^'°"'« ^^O"" 14. Calvin's Inst., book chTn i^.^,' \ Wuherspoon. v.)l 4, lect. tr— 1 -L-. e ' """ ^» cnap- 15; also book 2. oh.,n i o. /•__ to«.. 1, ^;„ap. 3. sec, 9. Turretin; torn. 1, loc. 8. quVe-ii! " ""^"''* COURSE OF STUDY. 39 LECTURE XLV I. 0RI«5INAL RIGHTEOUSNESS AND ORIGINAL SIN. Ori^rinal righteousness, or that upright stale in which Go£ made man. Original sin, or human nature now m its apostate and corrupt state. The doctrine of original sm connected with, and has a necessary dependence «"» ^^e ^"^^;;"?,^^; original righteousness. The enemies of the first of these doctrines aUo oppose the last. They endeavor to make in- nocent and corrupt human nature meet, by lowering the one and exalting the other. The confused and inconsistent assertions and reasonings of Arminians. . Nothing m man s nature to render it necessary that he should fall. Man being created a free agent, might refuse good and choose evil. This what our first parents did when they sinned against C^od in eating the forbidden fruit. Books of REFERKNCE.-Taylor. on Original Sin. Edwards on Origi- nal Sin. D.ck'.Theology. D^ight, vol. l.eerm. 22-27. Gill, vol. I. book 3. Whetby.on Original Sin. Chauncy'g Diss.. 1 and 2 Ernmon . Serm vol. I, s/rm. 12. ^Ridgley.vol. l,^qu. 15. !6 ^ "^^f \. J^/' chap 9. Princeton Theol. Essays. Bates' works, chap. I, 2, 3. i-opl&oy, vol.Vp.348. Pearson, on the Creed. Dickinson on the Five Points. AppWsLect., p. 89-112. Strong's Sermon, 6. 7. SmaMey's Serm.. voTC -erm. 9, 10.^ Scott's Essays, U 5. Wilber(orce's Jiew chap 2. Burgess, on Original Sin. Magee, on Atonement. p^9b. *""« a Essays, p. 46. Turrelin, vol. 1. Mordecai's Apology, vol. 2. p. b32. LECTURE XLVII. SIN. The nature of sin. Want of conformity to, or transgression of, the laws of God. The law of God the rule of duty. Sin is a missing the mark. Falling short of the demands of the law. Acting indirect opposition to it. Sin an infinite evil. An offence against the infinite Jehovah. Opposition to this in- finitely great and glorious being . Opposition to his sovereign authority and greatness. Opposition to the character o! ^^od as revealed in respect of the riches of his grace antf good- ness. And in respect of the holiness of his nature, and the tPrrnrs nf his lustice. Sin is the violation of infinite obliga^ tioiis. Sin oft^rs the vilest indignity to all the perteciions ot 40 COURSE OP STUDY. LECTURE XLVIII. ORIGINAL SIN. understood UoS "nrv r''"!.^-;^ '^'"" '^ g^""^""/ puted, and oriB^n„l J °^' ^*"*""g"'-'hed inlo original sin Jm- inherent TW;''i7'\'-^P'-<"""'»'« <=«"se of o-igi„al, in Consists in a wLnf • ,'"'T""'>' *^'"«'' <"%'"/ sin depravity of nature tm'," I "^^'•""'">''^- Corruption "^ well as univer'aT Th» ''".P'-r' X J« unive.sal. 7'otal as ■nankind, isTat^ral 1,.^^'""^ smCuUess or depravity of tracted from col" up! hawls Z^T ^ •'s'"'" ■°'" '"" «»"- a fallen >^reature Man hL " '"^-^'^"^ '" """>'' "»""■« «« - Evide„ces'';ri^re.trararo'? il-e"" '=""'=^'^^'' '» Jh"3T/„°re.'*^S^,",--^^^^^^^^^^ H-ov,.,. B„,„e„, „„ p-v., book 4, chap. 1, lee, I 2 l!,n' °'^'"' """P- "• ""!'' Led. i„ ••ook 2, chap. 3. Dviigh" vol 1 ,erm q^'""';. ' ' '! '"»• ''»'""*» •"»>. ', Mfiii. I, IOC. J. VVoodd* works, vol. 2. LECTURE XLIX. ORIGINAL SIN— CONTINUED. Unive'rsall^^i^^efvet tlhf n 'T P"«"««' i-poH.nce. •he fifth centnrv vh„i^. ' !>i'"^^'! """1 'he beginning of churcl.,, ,nd'ad"mft;';d in't'o "all , I ''"'"'*', ''^ "" "^"'"-^e^ sions ,..' :,.. reformed .1, :.L!'''r.'^''-'^'J^:.. "The eonfes- ■••■•" '"■'ra'i'^e. UMhc Scottish COURSE OF 3T0DV. 41 Reformer.. The Westminster Confess on, The CouncH of Trent. Evidence in support of the doctrine, F™'^ »"?'*; conduct, duo.ations from Dr. Chalmers. From Dr. Beecher^^ From President Edwards. P^^'^'u"^ V^^Tprms s" icripture. Rom. .5, 12; Job 14, 4 chap. 15 * 5 P'^'.-^'q^* ■ 5; John 3. 6; Gen. S, 2b Prov. -^2 15; P'^''",f,S>E V ^"i 6 5; Eccl. 9, 3; Rom. 3, 9-20, chap. 5. 6-l«. Eph- A l -9; Col. 3, 5-7; Tit. 3, 3. Passages which ^P^^J^ "fsa' ration. Passages which speak of IJ^S^^-^r""""- ^^///'^th which speak the language of the '•«^e'=™f<'- /"^^^f/^.^'^f reference to the vicarious death of Christ ^nd the agency oi the Holy Spirit. Historical evidence, and evidence of tacts and experience. Book, of Repk.enc^.- Clvin', I"='-. '""*,^'„t"'„-„'si„^cS: Medulla Theol., lib. 1, cap. 12. LECTURE L. ORIGINAL SIN— CONTINUED. All mankind are in a stute of sin and misery. The cause of this inherent in human nature. Infants m their very hrsl existence, as they come into the world, ^^'""'''ihpor^e^ or upon what grounds are they smners. Vanous theories upon the subject. The theory of a mixture of "J^^^^ S^^J and evil in the character of man. The theory advanced by Dr John Taylor in his book on original sin. 1 he theory oi Coleridge, or the self-determining power of the will origmat. in2 its own acts. The theory of pre-existence. 1 he theory of those who contend that infants are active moral agents ana so actual sinners from their first existence. This theory founded on a wrong principle— namely, that t^ereisnosm but what is actual. The doctrine as stated in our standards. On what grounds infants are regrr.ued and treated as sinners. Dr Dwight, Professor Stuart, Barnes, and New bchool Di- vines. How mankind came to be in a state of sin and misery. Authorities quoted on the Protestant doctrine of imputation. Books of REFKRBNCE-Bo.lon's B. D. Hopkins' B. D. Gill. Watts. Baxter, on Original Sin. Limestreel Sermon. Boston s fourfold SiHtR. state 2. bead first. A|.pleton'8 Lectures, p. 129.^ Dr. b.nUh 8 Sermon on the Permission of Evil. Williams^ Answer lo beisnam. 4<2 COURSE OF STUDY. LECTURE LI. ORIGINAL SIN—CONTINUED. The error of those who hold that all sin consists in volun- lary action. The sense in which the doctrine of original sin IS taught ,n the standards of the Church. The doctrine to be proved is that the guilt of Adam's first sin is imputed to all mankind, descending from him by ordinary generation. Ihe meaning of the words imputation and impute. Quota- tions from the writings of orthodox divines. The doctrine of imputation as taught in our standards and by Calvinists, does not imply that there is a literal transfer of moral characler or FmnT?' ^"'i^"^*^« ^^«"» one to another. The doctrine of the Z^TlT A ''" ^'"^"^'' ^^ P"'« revelation. Adam's pos- terity all condemned on account of his sin. The representa- ^Zr", '" ^T' ^' *^-2^ ^''^ ^^g^rd to death and nnrflM^K r ^' t^/ ^onsequence of Adam's offence. The E h .^^^''" ^i"'" ""^ ^'''•'«*' Quotation from the lirit.sh and Foreign Evangeiical Review for June 1854. A r-i » *^'=»'"'"rc8, vol. ^, p. ^10. Ldvvards, on Sjjj, Dart 2 chnn S 4. Glass's works, vol. 3. page 68. VVooda' wolks. vol. 2 ^' LECTURE LII. THE MISERY OF FALLEN MAN BY REASON OF HIS APOSTACY. falf "'Thev? '"? T''y "'" •" '^' ^«^ Of nankind by the nis wrath and the curse ot the law, They are exaosed tn tLT7:z:s1 ^- 1" """' '^'"''"■" ■""" ^p>^'^^^^^ inejr are exposed to endless misery in a future state Tl,» punishment ofloss, and the punishment of Zse Ma J k ut^rly unable to set himself tree from this mise y He "ai- for the'f^t r^^The^LrtabTv ^f '"J"'"- ""''"' "'"'''"''' h„ ,>.„ j:..:,. , 1, '"'sery . This connection estab shed ^, -. >. d.,.a„ «w. ihe character of God infallably ascer- COURSE OF STUDY. 4i5 tains the execution of this threatening of his la- Sin deserves punishment. The sufferings and death of Christ, &c. Book, o, RK.BK.NCK.-GiU, Ridgley. Boston'. Cov. work.; Do. B. D. Howe's Living Temple, part 2, chap. t). LECTURE LIII. THE COVENANT OF GRACE, OR DIVINE PLAN lOR THE SALVATION OF MAN. The deplorable condition of mankind. Sinners in Uieir natural s?ate, under the broken -venant of works. A^^man- hinA nnt left to perish in a state oi sm and misery, baivauon Sl"i R deeme'r This salvation declared m .»»"»«'». 'author, original «P""f.,™--> ""'::; ""Ae'purposT'of Ind hapynVsr L this c^ena:. i, laid th« fc-^aUon of a ?rue. experimental, and practical religion, ^f"" 1''*^,°^* Sof &race we learn ""-l-lig"''"- rc„tntt of Gr^ e fr:ir:Sfra:Sce?tL3£^^^ ^Tt::fctfraT.fuf;i'^^."r::dtr^:^^^ intj giui;' ui v^ fpapral tmsaction and a The covenant viewed both as a leaerai uc la testamentary deeii. lare. 48. 49, and 60 Slrong, on he Cov'nants^ R Gill'. Body of Divinity. CharuocK. pi!^"»¥ir^'«W4' f, 44 COURSE OF STUDY. Ji LECTURE LIV. THE MEANING AND APPLICATION OF THE TERM COVENANT. usL'ifv r/n7j"¥r?"'' ■'"'''="' """"''"S Of the Hebre-v word and dfvrn" fi ^ Covenant. It is of more extensive meanin» Covenant n.n''''""°""" '","'" Scriptures than the word racreSsenJe iT"" T . V '^ '""^ •'»"' '" « <='vil and f^ f .r orij'i-rCd" t:? Ve::: iJ't^:::^^^- Gen 15 Is tI" T.^ ". P™""'^" confirmed by sacrifice- Grace 'tL I Abraham.c Covenant the Covenant of urace The thing intended by the original Hebrew term te r's'e "tl'de^'r" .'^ '!"" '^ '"" "-" '» e^fressTt.' The Gr"ce n til T ''^ dispensation of the Covenant of Earned fr!™!^ , *'"" '^"'* ">« "<"•'' '« employed to be learned from the subject matter treated of, and no[ from the r.t °rr'''"'=* "'i''" '«™- The Greek word employed Te^tamLl' li1fe'"th:H h^ "''■ '■"^/■'*'' ^"-"-^ "f '™« ^e- vaTied ap oiila ion ^ a""' I- "^ 8"""''' signification and variea appiica ion. Its derivation and sijinification It, „n plication .n the New Testament Scrip^Iures The thini' !e" m, n'",'"' 'TT"^ ^y '""' 'he Hebrew and Greek terms. D.stmgu.shed by various other names and epitheu use. Campbell, on the Goanpl. Rl! 2 i •,,,'' •'S'loons in common Knighr, on Vbe Gospel/andr he FpiX""'';? '''If,'' ?'1"T°'- ''''- s ted m.^ V ' 4s LECTURE LV. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TriE COVENANT OF GRACE IN THE COUNSEL OF PEACE. , concerned ivine persons THK COUNSEL OF PEACE. The Whole trinity. Father, Son, and Holy Ghost ^ i""" "iicui;mpuon. ±Jachot"thedivir COURSE OF STUDY. 45 has D distinct part about man's salvation. The three distinct oa ts a w^y^^^ '^' very same objects. Each Sf the Smarts are diviue acts. Have an order and Hpnendence one upon another. The power and operations of dependence one up divided The contrivance appro- '"' fZ"; CwXTZptllt to .he Son. and the lipU- pmted to the Father, a,ep „f redemption cation t° '.'^«^SP' ' ■„ J^X. " to the exclusion of the others, 'pe^n: ' at ttlsactions in the Counsel of Pence The Covenant entered into with the Son m a p.culmr man- ner-is head of the elect, and as mediator between God and Z:' Christ caUed sancuhed. a^d -t -o « e -H^^ ■" ro^^etre'^ta'Luste^t-IfX.ve:^^!. found in Ihe voluntary concurrence of the Father and the fson. book 3, chap. 2. Cbarnock's works LECTURE LVI. THE PARTIES CONCERNED IN MAKING THE COVENANT. Creatures can have no fruition of God as their blessedness ind reward but by voluntary condescension on God s part, ^xpresled by way^of Covenant. It was by voluntary con- descension on God's part, expressed by way of Covenant fnt^red into with Christ, as the mediator, tha his rigMeous- ness was wrought out in the room of the elect. t;salm xyi., r 1-^3 explained wi.l. reference to this point. God m the leison of the Father, established the Covenant with his own Ion and the elect in him. In this transaction he is to be viewed as a God of infinite wisdom. As a God of .,|fin. e [ove As Sovereign Lord, purposing from all eternity to manifest the exceeding riches of his grace and mercy, m the " demption of » P*--' "f '"^t ^'"""'^ "^ ma<^kmA. He acted as Tn Stelv holv. and just Gud. The other pa.;;- in the Co enant was the Son' of God. the second person in the Godhead Altogetherfree and independent TJondescended ^o become the head and representative of the elect Union between Christ, the representative, and those whom he repre- i 46 C0UB8E OP STUOr. •anted, was formed by the decree, nf .1 .■ nunt thus made with Christ Tn t'h?:,:^!^™": ^'"' '''"'■ .nne of ,„. .„o C„v. Bo,L. Tow„'.^ cZiZ7a:"c,,l'°<-^^:,''<>'- P LECTURE LVII. THE CONDITION OP THE COVENANT. herd'L'TeSn'ta^rvr^rf n'^hnft '" Vk""-'- <"■ '"« con.|.ared as two public heads Lt ^^"'' «"'' A'Jam Covenant made with Christ in, hi" '"''"■fl''^^tives. The oneness of the Covenant with t A "'^"'^ '='"='=•• The Required in the Covenant that th's ^i"ri'\ \"'' ''^"«'«''»- inearnate, and take upon him l^e n°»V^°/ f ""'*' '^^"•""^ represented. That he shouM in 1? "" "^ """"^ ''horn he honor of the divine law b^'l ."j rtTat'h"^' ""'""'^ "^^ required of his spiritual seed -Th'. f '"" "''ed'ence which it mentforthesinsofhrsneoDlell ^^'''''T''' ""''^ «»"«- law. Sin cannot pass vviC ad.n"^'""^'^/ P^^^''^ "^he sufferings a necessary parrof^h.^"!f-^"''^'="<">- Christ's Curist suffered the who'^elmolnt T,t"""' """."'^ C°^«°«n«- the violation of the law 7°"" "^'.^e penalty incurred by article in the Covenant' Th» p^'^^ »» a conditionary active and passive obel'ence '""""" '"''''"' Christ's 'i.i'rk Z l%Xs"i-Z^''' J'T^y;, WiUiuson .,,0 C.v son's Body of Divini,; Boa.^lr i ?"'s'*>'' "'"')' <>f Divinily. Wa, Theology.^ B,own-,'i^iew:ro"ok?ilX""2!"'°"'' °° "" ^-"'iaS LECTUIJE LVIII. THE PROMISES OF THE COVENANT OF GRACr The condition of the Covenant nf n • , ' was given Chri., to do comnreLnH f" "'^ ''<"•'' ''^''=^ sive obedience, and is one ,3, ? .^ ■ ■"' '"="^« ""d Pas- tion. The promissory part ofthert'- 'T^''^^" "^'^P^'^- conditionary part. ^i.'^="cofii';ro^;r7;--rcffi:.t C0Un3E OF STUDY. 47 .1 « T?ptliPr'fl Promises wliich more im- protniesory part "''', '« f ^'^ , f '^u "a, promised that he mediately relate to Cl.rwt '''""*''.. jo do That he should should be fitted for the r'^a^ his wo?k should meet with be supported m h.s ""[f •^,,;„^j»Ve fii^shed That he should acceptance as soon •>' ' !."°?'VorU Promises which more have a g'»"""',T" ''(':;;;';', people. Made primarily to immediately relate to 'h"'' ^ P'°P j ,ty of the elect. Christ himself as t^l^^^ -;;'-;\\"' Upended upo,! his fulfilling The P«>'f»™''"" °L f'fl^enant The great comprehensive the condition of the '-"^«."*"';^„', yfi n was promised c ♦Ko Pnvpnant is eternal inc. ^t ^"° r . ,, promise of the ^»^f""'" seed-thpt they should enjoy a I that Christ should have a seea t ^J^,^j „,. g^j. the olessmgs ot grace '" '""«^ j^^ ^„j sanctifying grace Justification-adoption-regeuerau ^^^ _^^^ ^^^ ^,^^^ _preservation-comf. .t.fcc. Itwa P Covenact tt''a!:7;r:;u::,il.Sous:t;d''Le feely given to us hy God. Boo., o. '^"•-^--7^?&"c.iu:or.;;'e '^^'^^' LECTURE LIX. T,IE ADMINISTRATION OF THE COVENANT OF GRACE. * r.f fV^P nnvenant for putting the The entire n'a>«-g'=."'<'"V!u its blessings devolved upon redeemed in possession of all its ^ «^^ ^= ^ sufficiency in Carist. Christ's supreme d'g« y-st^ltor of the Covenant, his official character, as ^.''»""''\7"' ° thi,,,, adminis- The object of the »dn».'"'^'^^'T ,„,'„"uf;d The'call of the tered indefinitely to sinners of '"»n^""*^ ^ j^e simili- Gospel general and »»''™'''^'';,„, ' f^.e Ivi derness The tude' of Moses lifting "P."'« ^^'^ 'i^ st fsT.y way of record. Gospel exhibition o-' •<^;»g;/, ^^^ TntHnsfc vafue and suf- gift, and promise. /» '""""f , ,". -elation of Redeemer m Iciency "f '"e ^eat , of Chr s , h-^-'^^^f „, „en. , The human nature, and '''<=,'™;^,^,,.„„ .r the Covenant gives a genera! and """'■"''i''.^''"""''''^," every «'""«'' '" "''="''''* ?ight, title, and sufficient ^^"7' ^".^JS conditional pro- S tauf r-the' 'coiidititrt'^e Covenant. Faith 48 COURSE OF STUDY. necessary to an interest in Christ and the blessings of the Covenant. Ail the promises directed in ofTer to sinners of the human race indefinitely. The revehilion ofthe Grace of the Gospel brought near in th(i promise, under the form of a free gift, to guilty and ruined sinners. Books or Reference. — Colquhoun's Covenant of Grace, chap. v. Hopkins, on the two Covenants. Boston's Covenant of Grace. Witsius' Econ , l)Oi>k iii. Brovvn'fl View, book iii. Petto's Great Mystery, chap, xi — xiv. Gib'fl Display, period iii. Dick's Theology, lecture 4. LECTURE LX. THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE COVENANT OF GRACE CONTINUED. Although the Covenant of Grace is administered indefi« nitely to sinners in general, yet the elect only are the objects of the special and important administration of it. The ends for which it is administered. To bring the elect personally within it. To secure to them all the blessings which they need while in this life. To complete their eternal huppiness in Heaven. The administration ofthe Covenant testamentary in its nature and form. All the blessings of the Covenant committed to Christ in trust. Christ disposes or bequeathes them by his last and immutable will, confirmed by his death. All the essentials of a testament to be found in the Covenant as administered by Christ. The Covenant has no stipula- tions or conditions, properly so called. Consists of absolute and unmixed promises, confirmed by the death of Christ. The " Covenant bus no penalty. The elect or spiritual seed of Christ are the legatees ofthe Covenant. Yet in its external revelation and exhihilion, it is administered to mankind sin- ners indefinitely. Christ executes his own testament in effectually conferring upon his elect seed the blessings pro- mised. The different dispensations under which the Cove- nant has been administered. The way of coming into the actual possession and enjoyment of the blessings ofthe Cove- nant. Books of Reference. — The same as on the preceding LectBrey with the a'tdition of Ridgiey, Dwight, Turretin, Giil. ^P i Mp i itiHiJW i ,.»^tNCE—r-^ion'8 Christ Crucified. Hopkins' works. rSXv* am b" lott* Body oi Divinity. Horsley's Tracts. Abbad le. Eldgley, Gill, Bosion 8 « J'jj. . , Theology, lecture xxx., xxxi., xxxii., ^^.^^^^^'rll'-^M v^l 2 serm 42 Bradbur^e Mystery, vol. 1. p- 290, ",il*';'«;« ^?2^*^ Calvin's InsT", book 1. chap^3; book 2, chap. 12-14. Ow^n on he -person oVchrist! Watts' wo';ks, vol. 5. Pearson, on the 8reeS: Turretin, torn. 2, loc. 13. Stapfer, torn. 1, p. 344. LECTURE LXII. THE PERSON OF THE MEDIATOR—CONTINUED. The union ofthe divine and human natures in the Mediator is a subject of eternal admiration. AP, the properties which heron" to or are the result of either nature, are ascribed to the one person of Christ. Identity of person and distinction of natures with what has been called communicafon o pro- nerties the doctrine held by the church in e. ry times. Several passages of Scripture which otherwise would appear Seligible^explained or this principle. The effects ofthe SypostaUcal union with r. gard to the human nature anaio the%erson of Christ. The hypostatical un.On different from other unions. Effected by the peculiar agency of each person in the Godhead. Its distinguishing properties. J^e consti- ^ .. n r>.i- .:-.) ^.j;o*«^;q1 /.hararter necess^fv tor trie ^"fr- 50 COl/P.SE OF STUDY. accomplishment of the work that was given him to do. Re- quired that the Mediator should be mau— that he should be holy— that he should be God— and that he should be both God and man. BooKi or Refirence.— The same as on the preceding Lecture witli the addition ot Oulh Opera. Magee, on the Atonenieot. bates* works. '.Voods' worki, vol 1. Prierilley'u Early Opinions. Sherlock'i Sertn., vol. 4, diic. 1. Tillotson's Serm , vol 1. Waterland's Def Witsiufi. on the Gov., vol. 1, book 2. chap. 4. Mattrichi, book 5. chaa' 10. Christ (iod and man. *^' LECTURE LXIII. THE PERSON' OF THE MEDIATOR—CONTINUED. The true and proper humanity of Christ. Fit to speak of him as man, and to ascribe to him all human properties, re lation.% and actions. His divinity. The unity of his person. The opinion of those who hold that Christ suffered in his divine nature. It was in his human nature that Christ suf- fered and died, yet his sufferings s-'d death attributed to his complex person, God— man. The time of our Saviour's in- carnation. The ...carnation of the Son of God intended to serve many important ends. Books or RErERENC«.— Woods' works, vol. I. Jamieson'a Vind. Witherspoon 8 works. Glass's works, vol. 3. VVardlaw's Lect. Dod- dridge s Lect. Hopkins' Sy;.t. Smith's Script. Test. Gill's Bodv ©f Divinity. ' S: LECTURE LXIV. THE MESSIAH PROMISED. Traditions of a great deliverer of mankind found in all nations. Found among the Persians, Hindoos, Egyptians, Northern tribes of Europe, Greeks and Romans. These traditions have had their origin in primeval revelation. The knowledge of a Savio-ir imparted to our first parents by re- Tclation. Communii.ated by them to their children. Com- mitted to writing in the Cld Testament. The first promise. Tht promise to Abraham. The blessing pronounced by liiiHiiiiiiiviiiiiiiiiii^ «,- C0UR9B -V STUDY. 51 '; e'dSon orBalaan.. ^The prediction, and pron.,se, m th. book of Ps"'"""' The last words ol David. Book, or R«."-o. -Jor«a;> Rem.^^^^ Gl.»'. work, vol.3 ^■'''i"n»„^n:?^:^ron .h. Me»«iabs. Simp- S'k;;^ fh.Ch«i'^ MaXafin, n Prediction. .oU.,ng to th. IVlessiiah. LECTURE LXV. JESUS OF .".;.. ARETH THE MESSIAH PKOMISED. Messiah the great subject of the Scripture. The term ^Z^-" r ir;:r s^eu'orKes..^ i, the oiSTel'ament exactly agree to Jesus of Nazareth Ihe Mes^S Jesus manifest from the d«ct"nes which he St The 'double state of humiliation and exaltation ap- cerning his death and resurrection, are prools ol 'he Mes siahship of Jesus of Nazareth. „Uh .he additio. of Fuller'. Je... the .,u^Me,...h.^U^^^ 52. Owen, oq ihe Heb., vol. I, exerc. s u. v>aw Christ. LECTURE LXVI. THE MESSIAHSHIP OF CHRIST— CONTINUKD. The thing, concerning the person of Christ are «>»'•"»»»• Seem^gclntradictions in Scripture "''^ reference to M^ To reconcile what i. contradictory ^t. aVs ' Chrtt e X- -as 62 COUASE OF STUDY. The expressions. Man and Son of Man, explained. The title Son of God. Daniel 7, 13, explained, where one like the Sob of Man is spoken of as coining to the ancient of days. The condescension of the Son of God. Books of Reference.— To those mentioned on the preceding Lec- tarei may be added Woods' works, vol. 1, lect. 29, 30. Kidd, oa the Eternal Sonship. Pictet's Theol., book6,chap. 5. Brawn's Compen. View of Nat. and Revel. Religion, book 4, chap. 1. I ill's Lectures, vol. 2, book 3, chap. 1—8. Campbell's Gospels, vol. 1, ssser. 5, part 4. LECTURE LXV II. Christ's mediatorial office. The meaning of the word rendered Mediator. A person in the middle between two parties. What Socinians affirm OR the subject. Mediator a general title, comprehending the particular offices of prophet, priest, and king. A Mediator was ner^ssary in the Covenant of Grace. Christ in all re- spects a suitab^ Mediator. Possesses all qualifications requisite for the Jischarge of ihe office of Mediator^ His work as Mediator consists in acting between God and men to unite them in a Covenant of peace and reconciliation! Particularly in ratifying and confirming the Covenant— iii going between the parties, receiving and imparting the dis- coveries of the Covenanr, and in making intercession, ', Books of Refehence.— Hurrion's Christ Crucified, Flavei s Fquntain of Life, serm. 6—8. Barrow, vol. 1, p. 504—522. Mor Ex p. 262—266. Pearson, on the Creed. Mason, vol. 4 Honkins vol 1* p. 369-386. Scott's Life of Christ, chap. 7, sec. 1. ScoU's Essiys LECTURE LXV I II. ,„ CJRIST's MEDIATORIAL OFFICE— CONTINUED. ' ♦». ^^^^^ was consecrated or divinely called and appointed to the office of Mediator Furnished for the performance of its duties. Christ isMediator according to both natures, divine and human His mediatory acts ascribed to his person, t/hnst Mediator onlv for men. THr nnlv M*..i;o*«« k«».. COUIISE OF STUDY. 58 Goda„d™.n. Mediator bo hfo.O,a-a^N^^^^ Saints. Commencement and character or v^m office. TKnAv BOO., o, R.»»-o|^->';t:fook 6, chap. 15. A/itrlnoa t~\V\aarwr Slnnraa O. 9S Onfrnnrl Brown's Puaeyile Episcopacy. Pictet's Theol., COURSE or STUDY. 65 LECTURE LXXII ™ r.TiT»T<4T IN PARTICULAR. TTTE PRIESTHOOD OF CHRIST, i^ ^* THE FKir^a „.,.,! Proved from the Old The reality of Christ's Priesthood. ^ ^j called a Priest. The who e character ^^^^^^ q ^^^^^^^^ to him sustained hy Christ. J^^JJ^^ ^^^^^^ Christ the great n-.ok'fl Theol., lect. 56. Owen, od the Books or R^^^^^g^g^^r Dwighi'^ Theol . vol. 2. Heb. vol. l.exerc. 2o, 33, ^4. uv g LECTURE I.XXIII. ^t. nv THE PRIESTHOOD OF CHRIST THE ORIGIN AND EXCELLENCE OF THE ^^^ ^^ ^^^ The eternal, sovereign wise and grac^ou^B^P^ ^^ ^ in regard to man. In this P^ P^«« f mankind present to God originated, ^he ruined condiu^^^^ ber from all eternity. .^^^J^^^'r^rand bring them to glory. of the race from sm ^^'''''^^l^Z^^^^ This purpose of mercy to be accomp j g^^ ^he iant transactions between ^.^^J.^^^^^^^^^ Son of God undertook to perform the con ^^^^^ IZ In this undertaking e became the^Hi.^ ^^^ Church. He was pre-ordamed and ^^ ^^. ^ ^^ ^^^ in the everlasting Covenant betore an ^^^ ^^y^^^^^ Christ's Priesthood excels and « ^"P^^^^f Melchisedec. Ch -ist's Priesthood according ;:;,';„ al dignity and hoUness. He excels all other Priests i" P^f.^^^^^^ed In its efficacy f^tha value of the sacrifice wh^ch he^o^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^,^,,, and perfection. And in its extent. Priesthood. .v.« HpK vol.2, exerc. io, ^<» BOOK, or R"-"""-^"?*"' C.W n?ust-;bo«i 2, chap. .,6. 8- 29 Dwighl'= Th'"'-''™-/",! Select"" '^ ""e Atonement, p. 290. rr.,rrotin. torn. 2,loc 11 ana i-*. ^ ^ WitiiaaT oa the Cov., vol. 1 . oook i , *• 56 COURSE OF 9TUDT. LECTURE LXXIV. ATONEMENT. The state of fallen man a state of legal and spiritual bond- age. A state of wrath and a state of helplessness. In this deplorable condition of mankind sinners a remedy is provided, and help laid upon one mighty to save. The eternal Son of God was set up from everlasting as surety. Mediator, and constituted the great High Priest of the Ch urch. Manifested in the flesh. By his obedience unto the death, he rendered the deep Atonement. What meant by the Atonement of Christ. The Atonement a subject of pure revelation. The Scriptures teach that Christ, by offering up or giving himself a sacrifice to God, made satisfaction to divine justice, and obtained our eternal redemption. This offering up of him- self unto God a sacrifice of a sweet-smelling savor, was a priestly act. The nature of this act ascribed to Christ as a priest consisted in a bloody expiatory sacrifice making atonement for sin. This proved from the legal sacrifices, and from the same terms which are used v/ith respect to thera being applied to the sacrifice of Christ. Books of Refkrence. — Princeton Theol. Easays. Woods' works, vol. 2, iect. 72, and vol. 4, letter 9. Gilbert, on the Christian Atonement. Magee, on the Atonement. Gill's Body of Div., vol. 2, p. 193. Portal, *)a Sacrif., parti. LECTURE LXXV. THE ATONEMENT, CONTINUED — TERMS EMPLOYED. Reconciliation to God the effect of the sacrifice of Christ. This proves the propitiatory nature of that sacrifice. The use and sense of the words by which the doctrine of recon- ciliation is expressed. Passages of Scripture where the terms occur explained. These passages present Christ as a propitiatory sacrifice. This what is meant by the death of Christ makine Atonement for sin. Books of Reference. — Storr's Bible Theol. Schleusner. Wahl. Robinson. Meikle'a Media. Dispen. page 174 — 186. Owen's works. ujui-.iij^ixjit, u:: Use Awuviitvin^ icui. G. vvuruiavv l/i^s, «. vvySkUQi oa the Atonement, chap. 3 — 6, 7. mmm ivfi ■'V COURSE OF STUDY. 67 LECTURE LXXVI. ,HB ATOKEMEKT, ooKm^^ED-SUBSTmmOKAB. NATUBE THE ATU ^^ cnmSt'Si SACRIFICE. , Pe.fect.on. not b, ^^^^^:^::^1^i substitute of his people. LECTURE LXXVII. .HE ATONEMENT, CO.™.ED^S.BET.SHXP 0. CHKIST The suretyship ore. ^prov.^^^^^ of hi. Sacriace. Christ not a s u e y i ^^ ^ a surety for sinners to God. Christ jai J^^-^^ ^f the ners to God that they should pe^^ nature of Christ's Covenant. The vicarious^or substUuUon y ^^^^^^^ .^ ^^^ Sacrifice appears from the comparison st^^^ ^ ^^ the Sacrifices under the law i ne ^ .^„ ^nd force of Christ's Sacrifice proved from the sigmn the Greek prepositions. Essays, p. 146— 16 i 58 COURSF. OF STUDY. LECTURE LXXVIII. TIXTS BEARING ON THE ATONEMENT BY THE DEATH OF CHRIST. Historical appellatives of the death of Christ. Commercial appellatives. The Atonement a moral, not a commercial transaction. Atonement and reconciliation distinguished. Difference between Atonement and Redemption. Sacrificial appellatives of the death of Christ. The phrases borrowed from the Jewish economy. Terms of objective, occasional, and personal relation descriptive of the death of Christ. Terms of remote relation or final decision. Terms expres- sive of divine action. All prove the reality of the Atonement. Books of Reference. — Aliinga, on ihe Satisfaction of Christ. Camiiiing's Lectures on Daniel, lect. 23. Tarretin De Satisfactione Christi. Woods' works, vol. 2 and 4, lect. 74, 75. Dick's Theol., lect. 57, 57. Magee, on Atonemfint. Ridgley. Wardlaw. Witherspoon, veil. 4, lect. 14. Balguy. on Redenmption. Fuller's Ess., p. 146 — 161. Scott's Essays, ess. 9. Princeton Essnys. Meikles' Mediatorial Difpen- BatioQ . LECTURE LXXIX. THE NECESSITY OF THE ATONEMENT. The nature and reality of the Atonement clearly and fully taught in Scripture. This has been shown in preceding Lectures. The necessity of the Atonement is also taught in the word of God. This not an absolute but a moral neces- iity. Proved from the consideration of the perfections of God and the principles of the divine government. From the fact that a full and perfect Atonement has been made by the Son of God in human nature. From those passages of Scripture which assert or clearly imply that there was a necessity for the sufferings of Christ. From the universal consent of mankind with regard to the connection between sir and punishment, and the impressions which rest on the human mind that satisfaction for sin is necessary. The neces- sity of Atonement or satisfaction for sin proved from the very nature of sin itself, and from the inefficiency of every other secure its pardon. ii HHI< l >l«l l llU I>l » | W It 59 COURSE OF STUDY. , 1 o chap. 1 ^"^ ®' ^r^oSar^tart- Re,narU,. Owan, o» .he Heb-.ex 6. Wiuioa, bMl' 2. '^'"'P- *• TprTURE LXXX. „.^ A or OF THE ATONEMENT. THE SUFFICIENCY AND' EEFKACT OF THE ^^^^^^^ What meant by '»« sufficiency or val„ol^^^.^^_ Its sufficiency arises from •!«?"'».!;' Jerfection of Christ s aU that law -"d J-'ri'^tllich the v iSe of the Atonement "and efficacy of Chr-st's work. The ^ftc ^.y.^^ ^^ i„t„ent . ?.;i:;srefficrout' ::z o-^^^^^Ta':^ Sorm\f moral «»- r/fri^sTom he rluon in which of the Atonement to f"" Vhllfficacy of the Atonement to Christ stands to """"^'"f.- ^rthe elect, arises from the re- lorial Dispensauon. LECTURE LXXXI. .HE EXTENT OE THE .TO^EHE.^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ The meaning and application ot |he^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^-^^^^ Other metaphoricai expression, ^^.r^-j- 60 COURSE OF STUDY. Satisfaction to divine justice. Paying the debt of sinners. The extent of the death of Christ, and the extent of the Atonement not precisely the same thing. The question re- specting the extent of the death of Christ or of the Atone- ment, has been agitated in the Church from a very remote period. The doctrine on the point as taught in the West- minster Confession and Catechisms. The extent of the Atonement constitutes a prominent feature in the controversy between Arminians and Calvinists. Agitated in an early period in the Secession Church. Has of late been agitated in the American and British Churches. The old and the new Schools. Different theories on the subject. The theory of exact equivalent. The theory of indefinite or universal Atonement with gracious sovereignty in its effectual appli- cation. The theory of infinite sufficiency but limited desti- nation. This the theory held in our standards, and by Calvinistic divines in general. Restriction on the designed application of the death of Christ admitted by those who hold that Christ died for all. The universality of the death of Christ in certain respects not denied by those who advocate the doctrine of particular redemption. How far admitted by them. I* Books of Reference.— Griffin, on the Atonement. Scott's History of the Synod of Doct. Owen, on the Satisfaction of Christ. Lime Street Lectures. Walts, on Redemption. Witsius, book 2, chap. 9. Durham, ott Rev., p. 299—325. Gill and Ridgley's Bodies of Divinity. Syming- top, on the Atonement, p. 184—234. Cole, on the Sov. of God, p. 145. Owen's Salus Eleciorum. Woods' works, vol. 2, lect. 79, 80 and 81.. V'H LECTURE LXXXII. THE EXTENT OF THE ATONEMENT — CONTINUED. The advocates of particular Atonement admit that Christ in a certain sense died for all. Dr. Owen, Symington, and Candlish quoted. All men placed under the mediatorial government. The question stated. Whether God designed the salvation of all men by the death of Christ. Redemption by the blood of Christ not universal, but special and particu- lar. Redemption by price the result of paction or covenant stipulations. The doctrine of particulaf redemption provC". from the uniform connection established in the whole plan of C0UK8E OF STUDY. 61 o«lvfttion Proved from the characters under which Christ dfedFrorT he characters of the persons for whom he d.ed Vrom the effects ascribed to his death. From th^ ^xtmf ScTcesf^^^ And from the character of the redeemed V .klir pvercise in the kingdom above. The death of Christ has secired the actual solvation of a definite number f /h! human race This proved from the very nature of Atonemenr The salvation^of God's people being the effect tZTel of Christ, proves the truth of th^ ^^o^t-e f^^^^ the connection between cause and effect, f ^^ f ^^ o^^^^^^ of Christ and the universal terms employed in Scripture, urced as obrections against the definite and limited v.ew of ?hf Atonement These objections considered and answered TLprrrpLsupon^ of Scripture in which universal terms occur are to be explained. « «,^-. nuiioht'HTheoK.vol. 2, serra. 56. WitBius, ?r h^k^ K r MfmyWoArvol. I. pige 390 Ridgl.y, vol. 1, book 2, cnap. ». ^ Z ..^\ " ""(-^jHr^^ all things. The proper "l-J^' "' ^y;^',™,y of similitudes, is the Church. l^^P''.f^"'"l„''^chrt the household of such a, the Church the body "ifbU aid invisible. Th. God a kingdou iJ^^|^<;''^Xd „f administering the affairs '*A'' I Im lie has founded the Church, and appointed of his kingdom. He i.as ";"■'" ^ns of grace, and ordinances, otficers, and all n.ec«»»"y '"^» ^ j executes his . renders these effectual by his Spir. . Chr^' e^^ ,^0 esta- kingly office by giving ^"P!'"*^, instruments of provi- blished laws of nature and t^«°:f;""£E's administration f-:/:itK^^^^^^^^^ rnnhX,::^r,s:;t^ur;itnr^utnjoverM^ book 4, part 2, sect. 94-104. LECTURE LXXXVI. CHRIST'S STATE OF HUMILIATION. The pre-existence of Christ He ^h^^^^^^^^ ?L^«^.S:r • la^^tltsro^n^ a.er his de.lK ins. a.55 " — 61 COTJHfBB OF STUDY, The burial of Christ. Christ's descent into hell. This ex- pression used in the creed commonly called the Apostles' Creed. The meaning of the expression, and of what is stated in Scripture on the subject. Has given rise to much discus- sion. The different views which have been entertained on the point. Explanation of the Scriptural doctrine. B^bK'i OF Rkferbwce-— Pearson, on the Cieed. GiJ^ R|dgl«jf^, King, on the Creed. Boston. Witsius, on Symb. Lighlfoot'i worlds. Flave), serin. 37. Burnett, on ihe Articles. Tilldlson's Sermons. W6rki of Rbbert HaJl, vol. 3, i- I'j 1 LECTURE LXXXVII. Christ's HUMitiATioN — coNTiNUEbv The nature of Christ's humiliation may be learned frofa its properties or qualities. It was voluntary. Obediential. Of the deepest and lowest kind. Acceptable to God. Vicarious. Penal. Meritorious. Victorious. The causes of Christ's humiliation. The necessity and ends of Christ's humiliation. To accomplish rhe purpose* and declarations of God. Th«t Christ might be perfected. To satisfy justice. To bring ih an everlasting righteousness. To glorify the divine perfect tions. To bring forth a seed. To glorify himself. Improve- ineot. Books of Reference.— Dick's Theol., lect. 60. Brown's Natural and Revealed Religion, page 357. Maclaurik.'s Sernnons. Pictet's Theology, book 6, chap. 7 — 11. Green's uectures on the CatechisnQ, lect. 24. LECTURE LXXXVIII. Christ's state of exaltation — resurrection. The hypostatical union is the key which opens to us much of the phraseoloj^-y of Scripture concerning Jesus Christ. By it are to be explained those passages which speak of his humiliation and exaltation. Ch-ist's humiliation and exalta- Ubn were conjoined between his death and resurrection. It U with reference to his human nature that Christ Is said to couRat or stcdt. 65 h« exalted As in hi« humiliation, so in his exaltation, there were seve a, nteps. The fir.t »tep of Chn.fs exaltat on . his rising "Eoin from the dead on the third day. The resur- rr^tion of Christ is a fact of supreme importance in the h istUn .ystcm. A well authenticated fact It was pre- die "d The r„duct of Christ's enemies afTords -""oborat- •^„ nr„„f9 of the truth of his resurrection. The evidence of "hi "^Un^sse of Christ's resurrection. The supernatural wUness of the Holy Spirit. Christ rose from the dead as a oublic person. The history of Christ's resurrection aa re- KeVby the Evangelists' The ends, the imporv. .d th« influence of the resurrection of Christ. rt _ n:»tnn WAHt and Dore, on the Resnrrec* Books of R"«««''S ^^"^"At'rT^^^^^ 2, serm. 61 and 62. SormoM. LECTURE LXTXIX. THE ASCENSION OF r^F* ■^' ':. That he who died for the sins of his people is alive again, and lives for evermore, is matter of strong consola ion o be- Ueve s! The second step of Christ's exaltation ,b ^his aBcension That the promised Messiahs should .send was foretold As foretold/Christ did really ascend to heaven Our Lord Jesus Christ ascended iu human nature Th^ ?Bcen^on of Christ took place on the fortieth day after his resurrection. The place from whence Chris ascended. The nldce to which Christ ascended. Christ's ascension was Glorious magnificent a.d triumphant. The necessity of Ss a^clnsL. The end and design of Christ's asden- sion. The influence of Christ^s ascension. Boor^ or REFKBENCE-Dick'. Theol. lect 62. Greenes Lect^- 00 1^0 Catechism, ler .. 26. ^ Pictet's Theol. book ^^^^Xl^l^^it term. 40. Ridgtey. *iarrow. King, Ambrose. Dr. Owen a worM. 66 COURSE OF STUDY. ! I! ! Ill Is. . . LECTURE XC. CHRIST SITTING AT GOD'S RIGHT HAND. Christ's exaltation to the right hand of God represented typically, and expressly foretold under the Old Testament. Being exalted to ihe right hand of God denotes the highest honor and dignity. Distinction between the honor which be- longs to Christ as God, and that to which he is advanced as mediator. Christ being at the right hand of God implies that he is invested with all power and authority. It denotes also that he is highly favored and respected of God. The media- tor not only at the right hand of God, but sitting on his right hand. God in the relative character of the Father, the ori- ginal source and author of all the dignity, power and fullness which Christ now possesses as mediator. Not Christ's es- sential glory as God, but his mediatorial glcry as God-man (hat is intended by his sitting on God's right hand. The present glory of Christ. Bocks or Referencb. — Trail's Serrnnns. Flavel, 8eim. 41. Gil!. Ridgley. Witsius, on the Creed. Pearson, Doolittle, Ambrose. LECTURE XCI. I ' Rl THJ!. CALL OF THE GOSPEL. All who are chosen of God and redeemed by Christ, must also be changed by the Holy Spirit. This change variously represented in Scripture. Sometimes denominated a vocation or calling. The external and internal call. The external call of the Gospel universal. Some conceive that it is limited to sensible sinners, and should be addressed only to the elect. The subject disputed from an early period in the Church. To confine the Gospel call exclusively to the elect, at variance with the grace of the Gospel. In opposition to Scripture and the practice of Christ and his Apostles. The inability of man in his natural state to comply with the call. Inability no excuse for disobedience. The inability of man denied by Pelagians and Ariiiinians. The indispensable duty of sin- jiers to comply with the call. The call addressed to hel[~:ess '''*Ti|^W*'^^"8SpPp|p|B^PP I COURSI 0» STODT. 67 .inner, not inconsistent with «''« .'''"^"'Y "fd^thtuEh^e rght to rest satisfied »itl.. ho te^mnony of God tho«g|' «« ^;{.no^V.!';U°dr"r ;e;^^r:"in™ee in the dispe„- lions of providence. r>.<>an«a T prtnrea on the Catechism, led. Boor, or R"f««''^=r7 ,h ' 12 3 Dick's Theology, lect. 27. Pictet's TheC gv,.book '. ^^ap , 2 3 U f. ^^ Religion. LECTURE XCII. TBE CWSES OF MEN's REJECTING THE CALL OF THE GOSPEL. Mi men now in • lapsed state. Innately and inherently der v^d MlnWnd fre'e and responsible agents aUog^l^er fne'xcusable in this theirfallen a»/^„'',<'P--tt""no ^r ThU unregeiierate "ate to cnoose ^ divided into two good and ?««I^'«];'« .'° ^;tsser aUrd-fferent from each general and distinct classes <.sser ai y , . ^^^^^, b'^;et;;r:rthrtrmtc:urr;c:iling employed ^d'e "^^»"Ihe":v;n.f„. change which takes l-lace when njen are brought from the one class into the o hei . 1 he ex^rM -f. SsXr:il"re;bentrd ZLI^ "fX^ner. r. wa Xrchoice onhe will 0-9 f^^^^:,^"^ tion of the soul. The will chooses freely, yet necessarily. BOOK. 0. ^'^^-^-^^'■-^-■■'^\:v^: °Tb;r«ib«'™ut:i..°o° the W,ll, pa.t 1, sec. S, 4. D»y, on Ihe W,U. A»«J;'» , j ,„„,. rr-vVooa.r^a'i'i'." t^^^<^ ^x^'^'^i: 'oi.-. co». .. 1-.; - t^nri 3 t i 68 COURSE OF 9TUDT. il ill •Ml LECTURE XCIII. FREEDOM OF THE WILL. Different opinions on the -ubject. Views of the Blathers. Pelagians — Semi iVlaaians — Socinians — and Arminians. Choice in a state of indifference impossible. Self-determm- ine power of the will. Power of originating ^^ state or act. Colerid-e. Edwards. The choice of the wih must be re- gulated V motives in a rational nature- What the immediate Luse of determining the will. The disposition or state of the heart. Adam created in a holy state of mind. Necessarily though freely inclined only to good. How cP.n a holy mind become sinful? Difficult to account for the origin of moral evil The advocates for the self-determining power of the will' endeavor to account for it upon the principle that the will of itself can originate a state. Three kinds of Freedom ofWi'l Freedom only to good. Freedom only to eviL Freedom to both good and evil. This last kind of freedom belonged to the first parents of mankind. A stat«c)f proba- tion only applicable to man in innocence. Dr .W hitby. I he doctrine which regards man as placed in a state of probation since the ^'all does not accord with the grace of the Cospel. Our first parents, left to the freedom of their own will, sinned. Influenced by motives. Natural and supernatural principles. Books of Reference -Calvin's Inst, book 2 chap. 2-5. Hartley «« M,n vol 3 chao. 11. 12. Red's Essays, vol. 2, ess. 4. Butler 8 A„.f . partt ohat^S: Toplady, vol. 6, oh. J. 1-7. W..b-rto„>, D.v. Lega., part 1, p. 46—56. LECTURE ^X CIV. FREEDOM OF THE WILL— OBJECTIONS ANSWERED. Some contend for a necessity subversive of moral obligation. Fatalists and Antinomeans. Hyper-Calvinists. The doc- trines of liberty and necessity not opponents but inseparably connected. The will follows the dictates of the understand- ing. What ia meant by necessity, and what by liberty, as I"? *«.r«o «r. pmnlnv«d on this subject. Moral necessity prrfectiy ^consisten^ with liberty of volition It is objected to C0UU9E OF STl'DJ '09 the doctrine a, it has been etuted, ^h"' '' X^^^e^^ite of amhor of sin. This obj"''"" ''r^'iviniL Pr Hill and Ar^inians equally as upon "-"f^^j;.";!, he expression. President Edwards quoted, ^ ha m a^^by . P^^^^ ^^ author of sin, tr"'! permus aim o purity, agency of the wicked without '^e leas sUin o n J y^ Proved from Scripture «''^'"P'«*- ,/''; 'T'ter of Job. The to God, to Satan, and to men, in the «;«' «;''P'*^'.°Vb God. crucifixion of Christ a wicked action ^^^ "'•"f;^''''^,,^,,, ,« An influence or operiition asciibed » God j"> ^J^ q.^ wicked actions. Blinding .''"'' ;'?™f'"f,, of Pharaoh, operates on the hearts of the wicked. The ';'';^^ »' J ; ' the Canaanites, and others. While ™^». "^f ''S^ hf, the revealed will of God they are ""•"'""/^^'^"f /jn^hile secret will. God disposes of the ^>"f °f ^Jf ' ^olLv ob- he is perfectly pure, and they are respn"fl «■ An t iection is. that commands and exhortations are "^^'"^^ .. or the perfection and obligation of ^^e dmne law. ri P noticed The commission of sin necessary-.iwners are not ?o blame The doctrine tends to licent.ousness. The pro- mises of God a mockery. Books or RH.rKHKNCE.--We«t on Mor. Ag. parijl, se^^^^^^^ wards, on the Will, and on Liberty and Necess'ty UnSanding. Tur- Prieotley. on Liberty and Necessuy. Locke on ^^^Unders.and ng^^^ ^^ retin, torn. 1, loc. 10. Kmg's Origin of Lvil. Uwigm, Barton's Essays, ess. 12, 17—22 LECTURE XCV. THE GRACE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. Christ, the wisdom of God .^postulates with sinners a„d calls upon them to turn at his >-fP';<'°f-,, .|''*ft, t„ turn or those to whom the call is given. The fi^\-f[^ '»;^";"; °l 'p^romise'^d'In'Thr G^^peT ■ The doctrine of the grace of the 70 COURSE OF STUDY. ^i f ii 'i. I r ■ 111 m Holy Spirit in the application of redemption a matte. .. great importance, which enters deep into the Christian system. The opinion of Pelageans. Semi-Pelagians, Soc.n.ans, and Armi- nfans A special minifestation of the omnipotent power of the Spirit of God in every instance of a sinner s conversion God works both to will and to do of his good Pleasure The operation internal. By the word as the means, but distin- guished from the mere influence of outward means. This internal operation indispensable to all believers. A confnued operation.^ An excitement to diligence^ The truth of ho doctrine of the Spirit's operations proved. In gen^^a h« Scriptures, both of the Old and New Testaments, are full of this doctrine. Particularly, the truth of the doctme appears from the representations given in Scripture of t^e ^readfu^ depravity of human nature. From the greatness of the work effected Called a creation, a resurrection, a ^'egeneration. From the whole of man's salvation being ascribed o he grace of God. From divine grace bemg "^^^f^'^.^^ J^® reception of the word. And from the testimony of Christians. Books or R^FKHENCE.-Guyse. on the Holy Spirit 0«^^^^^^ Spirit, Edward. Re.narU. ^l^^^^-^^T^::'^- DoS- SglTnt^gl^^^^^^^^^ Sover.ofGod. Wood.' works, vol. 2, 3, 4, and 5. LECTURE XCVI. THE OFFICE AND AGENCY OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. In the economy of redemption the ^Jree persons mt^^^^ Godhead sustain certain characters and act distinct parts The part of God the Father-of God the Son^-and of G d the Holy Ghost. The name Spirit denotes both the nature and operations of the third person. A extinct d^-ne person^ The office which he sustains and the part ^vh'ch ho performs described when he is called the quickening Spir^t. The soring and foumain of all quickemng both in the old and new : atfon The agency of the divine Spirit m the -or^ll^^^^ new creation extensive and diversified. Viewed particularly with respect to the formation of the human nature of Christ wun respeci lu i^^ i ^ ^^ ^^^^^m tn thfi endowments the head ot tiie unurch, anu «u« ,==r-- '"^1.. between bestowed upon him in this nature. A conformity between Chrisrthe h^ead. and all the members of his mystical body. ...^ .-if '*••■;> ' =^-mk.-M0%m '-'■; •"" COURSE OF STUDY. 71 , .. The Holy spirit both in point of formation and e"f»""'*»;»„d graciou. effects thViramediate efficient cause o al g'«««;;/ «, head of the towards the m«"'b«" »' "^''^tielTthe operations of the SS5u„rr„t:"nrS— -sover^^ tural— and efficacious. Books or RKr.KKNCK.-BooUs as fX^i^fte^S^^t: W^^^^ SD?r Jamieson, on the Spirit. "^Ct Robert Hall, Sn the Work faC 'Lecmrea. Hinton on the "^^y ^P"ji'^', ghost. Dickinson, ou the iTthe Spirit. Hawlcer'B Sermon oa the H^^J 216-280. Five Points, and Letters. Appieion LECTURE XCVII. REGENERATION. ^n who are saved --"X^^^re^t^e; in S"! change. This 'ha ge variously rep ^er times under Sometimes under the idea of a calhng A ^^^^^^^^ the idea of regeneration or a new >»"» .^ „„j. The entertained on the subject. What rege ^.^^ .^^^^^^ nature of regeneration. / "i^'^^^Jl^es under which it « the soul. The """f /»*,/''^^^ Slrs^f"om conversion, just- described express its "»,'"*;„.Yfi"ation. The necessity of fication, adoption, »»^„/X, 'eneration. Not man.butGod. regeneration. Tlie author »"«? ^^jj^,^ Qhost. The new A three-one God, Father, S<'n.»n*"°'y^^,i„ regeneration, y„re of which believers are made pa «k«" .^ ^g^.^^ communicated to '''X.ea"thor and cause of regeneration. Holy Ghost the immediate author a„ ^^^ i„,t„„entB Altogether of free an".^^"^^';?.'!" J„perties, effects and evi- and means ofregeneration The proper ,^ ^.^^^j^y ,„ tt-mLlrSr app^'nt Tn^he wU of regeneration. Improvement. BOOKS or R^--^^,^r„?eronhn"Rete1^^^^^^^^^^ works vol. 1, Doddridge's i^n Sermons ou 6 lectures, sermon 8. roWmity. Owen,on the Spmt. Lime^^^«^^^ Fuller'- FBsay.. Bellamy, vol.1, p. 226^ ^ Mastricht, lib. 6, chap. 3 D.ck » on the Gov., vol. I, book 3, chap. ^. ^^^^^, ^^^^^^ vol. 2. 3. 4, Theol.. leet. 66. Calvm, book 3. cnap. and 5. n COURSE OF STUDY. m LECTURE XCVIII. UNION TO CHRIST. Union with Christ the foundation of communion with him in the benefits of his purchased redemption. The union be- tween Christ and his people is not essential and necessary. Is not personal. Is not merely apparent. Is more than a mere relative, civil, and political union. The peculiar pro- perties of this union discover its nature. Federal and reci- procal. Spiritual and mysterious. Near and intimate. Vital and influential. Indissoluble and endless. The nature of this union may be learned from expressions of Scripture which describe it. And from expressions drawn from those unions that are most familiar to us and most close. The bonds of this union are the Holy Spirit cfn the part of God, and faith on the part of believers. The effects of this union. Union with Christ the first vital grace of which believers are made partakers, and the principle and measure of all other saying benefits. Books of Reference.— Polhili, on Union. Reynold's works. Good- win, Ridgley, Gill, Flavel, Boston. Dickinson's Letters, let. 17. Brown's Compand.. book 5, chap. 1. Owen, on Heb., chap. 3, 12. Charnock s works, vol. 2. LECTURE XCIX. JUSTIFICATION. Justification a doctrine of great importance, and requires our most serious consideration. The proper signification of the words used to express the doctrine. The Hebrew and Greek terms employed in the Old and New Testaments. Used m a forinsic sense. Never means making just by a change of disposition, but dedn aigto be just or righteous accordmg to law. Justification stands opposed to condemnation. The sense which the divines of ihe Church of Rome put on the word is to make a person iu4. Passages of Scripture which are brought forward as p^o s that justification includes the iA^a of nn intprnal rhanore considered. The word justifica- tion of varied application. Sometimes applied to things, and COURSE OF STUDY. 73 ceived by taith. BOO., o, K"-"-.-Owen o^U^mc^- R-V.„,»o » 2»b-.rm. 64. LECTURE C. JUSTIFICMION— CONTINUED. The mature and <^T'^}''\^''''' fS^^'^^l^^^^ Ss?itt^n\X imputation o.>|g^^^ The foundation ofasinner'sjustification must oe a g ^st commensurate to all the de™a^ s o * Ja- Thf;,iS?e tification of sinners in V^\»'8" °I *^ The IhtVousness which hv anv riEhteousness of their own. J. he r'g'"!"'V° , ,,,,etv. iJtKle ground onustification be ore Go 'he --7,, righteousness of the Lord Je us Christy 1_;_^^^^^ becomes available ^othejusimcauu _^ by imputation. Justification before God hrou^^ m j^ 4teousness of the ^^^^/^^ ^^/J,^^^^^^^ by How faith justifies, .^hy we aie jusn ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ faith alone. Properties of justification x ^^ of justification. The views of different sects wiu g justification. BOOKS 0. RK.EK,.KC..-Book» a. on th. P'«»^j:5 •iri't'prgeVM. following in a-ldW"" •-?'i';»"P°°;i 'Eiird! on J Jifica.ion. wo.k.. Dick's f heol., loot. 69.70, ri, and 72. Edwaras, on j Dickinson, on vol 7. Wiwiu»,yol. »• B"'°™»retVlge I Fuller', G..p.l ,he Five Poi^'l.„l'™5e.i:,?l=i»'"or2nfr,n. 28. 29. Woiluy.page i«- ^wj.-- :| m 74 COURSE OF STUDT. LECTURE CI. ADOPTION. Adoption described. A custom generally prevailing in all nations. As practised among men. As an act of God. In what God's adoption and man's agree, and in what they differ. The sons of God, a title given on different grounds. Believers the sons of God, both in respect of regeneration and adoption. These blessings, though distinguished, not to be separated. The previous state and character of those whom God adopts. The family to which they are united when adopted. Pro- perties of adoptic i. Privileges of adoption. Obligations arising from adoption. The con^iection between adoption and regeneration, and the agreement of the former with the latter, and with justification, reconciliation, and sanctification, and in what it differs from them. Evidences of adoption. Books or Reference.— Dwight's Theol., vol. 3. Dick's Theol., lect. 73. Charnock'8 worte, vol. 2. Flavel's works, vol. 2. Brown's System of Nat. and Rev. Religion, page 442. Ridgley and Gill's Body of Divinity. LECTURE CII. SANCTIFICATION. Importance of the doctrine. Meaning and import of the term. Difference between justification and sanctification. Sanctification a divine privilege and a moral duty. It has a peculiar relation to the truth, grace and promise of the Gos- pel. Is distinguished from bare morality and pharisaical righteousness. It is in some respects mysterious, hid from carnal reason, and is foolishness to the natural man. Sanc- tification has in it a spiritural and heavenly beauty, glory and excellence, worthy of admiration, and which shall never end* Books of Reference. — Owen, on the Spirit. Marshall, on Sanc- tifiGation, Witsius' Econ=; book 3. chap. 12, Brown's Nat. and Rev. Religion, book 5, chap. 4. The works 'of Scougal, Fuller, Robert Hall, Henry More, Jay, and Chalmers. Dick's Theol., lect. 74 and 75. ■MM ■iPP COOMt OF STODT. 76 LECTURE cm. 8ANCT1FICATI0N— CONTINUED. Mistakes with respect ^o^\i:X;':::TX^e.T'^ moral virtue; outward ''"^. '"X^'^Jq^i^d habit to the out- profession of religion ; g'^',' "",,?"." sTnctificalion. Habitual Urd duties of piety, d? "»' «»"'f "'^^^^^ „f the whole man and actual «anct.ficatu,n • rh« 7"e ._^^^^ „, ,anctifica- after the image of God the P""5^'V wrought in the soul, tion. This principle . «P'" "»' P,^ ."^^ "f, acts of holy obe- Such a principle or "=""■« 'X^fie/tlon. This principle of dienc. . How it operates m ^^"^''''^X Scripture. Though grace ,r holiness v'*"''"''^ '^ "f "'^^ency. Actual sancti- firnpie in itself, y«' ^""="','^"/, 'L'l'of^stn Ind in the practice fication consists m the morlificato^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^,^„^ ^„d t^^^nrsVrctan^^Itf i:c.s a.. e.ent. Its means. Motives. Necessity, and end. Book, o, R.r.KK.CK.-BooUs a« on tUe^.-^^^^^^^^^ 81. Newton'a workj, v« . 1, P- 171^. on Spiritual Mindedness Fraaer, Grace. Owen on M«'f /^ ^^"' 6- 9 T^rretin, torn. 2. loc. H. ^^' ^. onSanctif.. ,^^^'^'"^^^hto 8 Wood*' works, vol. 4. 2. IVlastricht, lib. 6,chap. 8. vv""" LECTURE CIV. rERSEVERANCE. The cardinal point ''f,^iff«'^"«V; '^.^Tolhe' ^erle— and Calvinists. 'rhey ."''ff^'^^^Jhat lie Saints may fall totally of the Saints. Arminians l'"" »»;^' „^i„tai„ that they shall and finally from grace. CaW.n sts » ^^^.^^ Statement be preserved, and P«"f "* '° * who the persons are whom and explanation "f'^e doctrine^ Who p^ ^^ ^^^ CL^A „l<,orves. and who shall perseve. ^_^ ^^.^ .^^ ^^^^^^ fh^ose who make a profession ol reag.uu, ua. .- - i* 76 COURSE OF STUDY. natural state. The Saints who shall persevere are elected- redeemed — called— adopted— faithful— regenerated — ^justified — Dud pfcictified persons. They are Saints in truth, and not in name only. To these the privilege of perseverance is limited. Not meant that their grace may not languish and decline. Nor that they shall not fall into sins. Nor that, considered in themselves, and with no strength but their own, they shall be able to stand. The doctrine of perseverance includes th Ideas of both duty and privilege. The doctrine abundantly taught in Scripture. In support of the doctrine we do not reason from the nature of grace absolutely con- sidered. Nor from the nature of God apart from his word. The first argument from the attributes of God. Books of Reference —Whilby and Gil), on the Five Points. Cole, •n the Sovereignty of God. Booth's Reign of Grace. Doddridge's Lec- turea, lect. 179. Witaius' Econ. of theCov., book 3, chap. 13 Toplady's works, vol. 5, page 476. Fuller's works. Newton's works. Dick's TheoI.,lect. 79. i I U'. im 3 i LECTURE CV. PERSEVERANCE — CONTINUED. The argument for the perseverance of the Saints derived from the purposes of God. Illustrated by several passages of Scripture. The argument grounded on the promises of God. The argument which is founded on the covenant of grace. Argument derived from the mediation of Christ. The argument founded on the inhabito ion and work of the Holy Spirit in believers. The appointed means of perseverance. Objections to the doctrine of the perseverance of the Saints answered. Bo6ks of Reference. — Besides the books mentioned on the preced- ing Lecture, may be added Dickinson, on the Five Points. Wesley's Serraong, vol. 1. Honkins, voL 2-. Ridsl^v. vol, 2, n. 100, Starifer: torn. 4, page 460. Turretin, pars. 2, locriS, qu. 16. * Woods' works, vol. 3 and 4. Scott's works, vol. 2, page 521. COfJRSl OF STUDf n LECTURE CVl ASSURANClii. The meaning of the original word rendered ^f^^'^"}^^;^ The nature of assurance. The assurance of faith. Ihe rssurance of sense or of hope. The difference between these two The disti..ction sufficiently obvious, yet the two msc- »!;hW connected. The assurance of hope distinguished C'/res^uTptut:!; confidence. Not invamb^^^^^^^^ s^me in nil believers Nor in the same person at all tmes. Not in- tXZ\r\n^i! ^^^r. Productive of the choicest effec s. Assurance is attainable, being the privilege of the bamts^ whirought to be carefully sought after. This proved from The commands of Scripture to examine ourselves, and to give llldTrce to attain to assurance. From express declara- rLs'of S^riptu^e B^om the experience of Saints recorded in Scripture, BvD., Mor. Exar., serm. 12.. LECTURE evil. DEATH. Death commonly distinguished into death spiritual death natural or temporal, and death eternal. What is deatn spiritual Conslts both in the ^«P-y.-^-Vnn^^:e''and at imaffe of God, and consequent corruption of nature, and also rtle extinction of happiness, or the death of enjoym^^^^^ The subiect of this Lecture is natural or temporal death. Death eernal will be considered in a subsequent Lecture In SotsTemporal death consist, ^.^^r^^^^^^^^^^^^ under a variety of figurative e/P^««^!0"«- J^f.^^Jj" '^^^^^^ ence to the past, the instant of time in which it takes place, and the future. The cause of death -^ Us entrance mU,lh^^^^^ world The consequence and penal effect of Adam sdis ^edlence Thesinof Adam, and not personal transgrcssiona. r^^m-^r^^w '^'wmf'ws^^ii^ t ^mmumimmif -'f^i^i'- II « 1 I 78 C0UR8R Of iTUDT. .he cause why de.lh pas.e. on all me- De. h .„ act of Tath The aJstu^tion of iU, and of hi.n .hat had the power of death. ^-S^'wiS-w" M* Co'^. D^^f.;-. tU... .er.n. 167. M.iUl.'. LECTURE CVIII. THE IMMOKTALITY OF THE SOOL. lainea coui.t;nii"g Rv thp sects amone the Jews, sects of ancient philosophers. By ^*^^ff ^' ^^^^^ influence The opinions held in modern times. The practical innuei of the doctrine. Hartley, on Man. Drew'nLssay. Baxter, «&c. LECTURE CIX. THE INTERMEDIATE STATE. The soul not in a state of entire insensitility between death an! the resurrection. The soul exists in a ^t^te of separat on r .1,. KnHy Proved from reason and the ex[ ss ""«" from 'he b"-!/- ^'O^*-' .^^ ^^ere departed souls dwell a "Zl o retr C on. The state of the righteous immediately Sfter dea h At'death the souls o." Ae right, us enter heaven alter QL-i ^ ,^^^ ^ ^^,^^ wicked are cast into hell. roorofthrh;ppi;e;sof"the separate spirits of the righteous. I ■;S^i^i^.iii;*.,i ■nc^'i^J-:-^^ ,iM^Bi^3 COURSE OP STUDY. 79 and of the misery of those of the wicked, immediately after Seath The opinion of those who place the souk of the ri.^^^^^^^ ♦ in heaven but in paradise. The doctr.ne of a pur^nory n aintained by the Church of Rome stated. The option fuoved false. «P* I RBrERKNCS.— CampbelPs DiMertaliont, diss, 6. part 2. Bi Hon ^ w'. Theory of Religion-Appendix. Bennet'. View of ih. In- Bihop. ^■^^"^^''^J' ..» tvorld to Come. Fuller's Letters on the ZZ. Uonrve.y'^^A'rchibald Campbell'. View of the Middle Sute. Flarel, Ridgley, Gil', i: four's EsaayB. LECTURE ex. THE RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD. The word rendered resurrection used in different senses in Scripture. What is implied in the Scripture account of the resTrection. Proof of the resurrection. A resurrection not impossible. Not improbable no/ unreasonable. The r-^sur- rSn a thing absolutely certain. A doctnne of pure reve- lation from which only can be derived the proof of it. Proved from passages of Scripture in the Old Testament. From ZZ declarations in the New Testament, Con««f « ^j^ >; general resurrection with the resurrection of Chris .Resur fection of the body a future event. The properties of the bodies which shall be raised. All who die shall rise again both good and bad. The author of tlie res-irrection The end and design of the resurrection. The doctrine of the re- surrection has been denied both in ancient and modern times. Pocks of REFERicNCK.-Dwight's Theol., vol. 3 serm. 164, Dick'a Serm vol. 2, page 443. Appleton's Lect., page 270--282. W items, oa the Cried Pearson, on the Creed. Lime Street Lectures serm 10. Watts' Ontology. Yoong's Last Day. Bishop Newton's works, vol. 3. Kody, on the Resurrection. LECTURE CXI. THE GENERAL JUDGMENT. The certainty of a future judgment proved from reason and ScFipti..e. The jiidge~God. The Lord Jesus Christ is iMiil 80 COURSE OP STUDY. appointed judge of the universe. Reasons of the appoint- ment. The manner of Christ's coming to judgment. The persons to be judged. For what they are to be judged. The manner of proceeding in judgment. The rule. The evidence. The trial. The sentence. The execution of the sentence. The consequences of judgment. The end and design of the general judgment. The day of judgment. Books or REFERENCE.—Dwight, vol. 5, serm. 166. Calvin, book 3, chap. 25. Barrow's works, vol. 2, page 343. Ridgle>, vol. 2, p. 198. Gill, vol. 2. Turrelin, torn. 3, loc 30, qu. 6. Doddridge's Lee, vol. 2, p. 441. Boston's Fourfold State, p. 332. Bates' works, p. 449. Paley's, Hervey'8, and Fuller's works. Stoddard, on the Last Judgment. Foster's Cssayfl- LECTURE GXII. THE FINAL STATE AND BLESSEDNESS OF THE RIGHTEOUS. Believers shall be openly acknowledged and acquitted in the day of judgment. Made perfectly blessed in the full en- joying of God in heaven. The happiness of the righteous expressed in Scripture by a variety of names and figurative representations, 'includes freedom from all evil and suffer- ings. Perfection of human nature, soul and body, united in man. The nature of the place of blessedness. Heaven a place as well as a state. Communion with God in heaven. The enjoyment of Jesu" Christ. The society of glorified beings. Employments in heaven. Duration of blessedness. Bestowed by God. Absolutely certain. Who shall enjoy it, their character and number. Degrees of glory Li heaven. Reasons which are urged for and against this difference. Some questions respecting heaven, and the sentiments which have been entertained concerning a future state of happiness by different sects of religion. Books of Reference. -GiU's B. D., vol. 2, page 496. Sauria*s Sermons, vol. 3, page 321. Toplady's works, vol. p. 471. Bates' worko. Ridgley's B. D. Fuller's Essays. Works of Robert Hall. Dwight, vol. 5, serm. 169—171. Witherspoon, vol. 2, page 219. Baxter's Saioi'i uect. UVV9 a mJi-aa3x:\kz.iva3 COURSE OP STUDY, 81 appoint- it. The ed. The vidence. entencc. rn of the Ivin, book 2, p. 198. jc, vol. 2, Paley's, Foster's TEOUS. quitted in B full en- righteous figurative id suffer- united in Heaven a n heaven. f glorified 3ssedness. lall enjoy .; heaven. Jifference. jnts which happiness ). Saarin'f (ates' workj. Dwight» vol. ter's Saiol'i LECTURE CXIII. FUTURE PUNISHMENT. The misery of the wicked in a future state described by a variety of names and figurative expressions. The original words rendered hell. Figurative expressions employed to describe the sufferings of the wicked in hell. The nature and » greatness of these sufferings. The punishment of loss. The punishment of sense. The punishment of the wicked does not consist in annihilation. The duration of the misery of the wicked is strictly eternal. The various applications of the terms rendered eternity and everlasting. Though sometimes signifying a limited duration, yet when used to express the misery of the wicked, they denote a misery absolutely eternal, without Intermission and without end. This proved to be the case by several arguments. The cause and the equity of the eternal misery of the wicked. Different degrees of misery among the wicked. The place where the wicked shall be punished. Objections. Various opinions on the subject of future punishment. Books of Reference.— Dwight, vol. 5, aerm. 167, 168. Dick's Theol. Berry Street Lectures, vol. 2, p. 559—562. Dawes, on Hell, serm. 10. Tillolson's Sermons, serm. 25. Letten lo Vidler. Edwards against Chauncf, chap. 7 — 14. Chauncy's Universal Salvation. Edwards' works, vol. 7, page 375. Spirit of the Pilgtims, vol. 2, No, 8. Hartley, on Man. Fuller's Gospel its own Witness, p. 215, Doddr. Lectures, 2, p. 464 — 482. Turretin, torn. 3, loc. 30, qu. 7. Goodwin, on tha Punishment of Sin. Wocds' works, vol. 3, lect. 107, 108. LECTURE CXIV. FAITH. Faith, a matter of such vital importance as to demand a particular and formal treatment. The term is of various ap- plication in the holy Scriptures. Saving or justifying faith. Its object. The general object the whole word of God. The special, particular, and personal object of saving faith is the Lord Jesus Christ as he is offered in the Gc^pel. The nature and acts of faith. On this part of the subject Theo- logians have given different views. Figurative expressions 82 COURSE OF STUDY. employed in Scripture in order to describe faith, from which its nature may be learned. The author of faith, God in Christ, working by his Spirit a saving grace in the human soul. The subjects of saving faith are elect sinners. The Holy Spirit works faith in the hearts of the elect by the ministry of the word. The foundation of faith in Christ. The necessity of faith in order to salvation. The consequences, fruits, or effects of saving faith. Encouragement to believe in Christ. Books or Rv.ference.— Woods' works, vol. 3, lect. 93, 84. Pictet'a '^heol book 7, chap. 4. Dwight, vol. 2, serm. 65, 66, 67. Dick's Theoi ', lect. 68 Colquhoun, on Faith. Hall's Treatise on the Faith and Influence of the Gospel. Fuller's works. Erskine, on Faith. Scott's Nature and Warrant of Faith. Booth's Glad Tidings. Dickenson's Let- ters, page 98—117. Witsius. Boston. LECTURE CXV REPENTANCE. The meaning of the original word rendered repentance. Repentance natural and legal. Evangelical repentance. Its nature. Supposes a spiritual illumination. A change of mind arising from this. The change of mind is followed by godly sorrow, confession, hatred of sins, self-loathing, aad turning from sin unto God Repentance is a moral duty. A divine privilege. The necessity of repentance. The author of repentance. Means by which repentance is produced. True repentance the fruit and consequence of saving faith. Accompanied with hope in the mercy of God through the blood of Jesus Christ. The meanw' of repentance. Moti\ to repentance. Some questions r/lating to repentance. Books of Reference.— Calvin's Inst., b)ok 3, chap. 3, also chap. 6—10. Ridgley, vol. 2, p. 84. Scolt'a works, vol. 4, page 1. Dvvight, vol. 3, serm. 77. Turretin, pars. 3, p. 619. Saurin's Sermons., vol. 3, serm. 9. Dickenson's Letters, p. 129. Fuller's Gospel Worthy, p. 86. Woods' works, vol, 3, lect. 92. Owen, on the 130th Psalm. Campbell, on the Gospels, diss. 6. s,.tt»---5^'_" ,;:..;i,?aj¥iio^^-is-vvw^*iW'S. COURSE OP STUDY. om which I, God in he human jrs. The ict by the rist. The equences, 10 believe 94. Pictet'a 7. Dick's le Faith and h. Scott's nson's Let- LECTURE CXVI. THE MEANS OR ORDINANCES OF RELIGION. God uses means in all his works for the accomplishment of his ends. The means in grace, or •• the work of religion on the soul under the different dispensations. The outward means appointed by God under the New Testament dispensa- tion. The properties of the means. How they produce ef!bcts. For whom the means of religion are designed, and whom they oblige. All to be exhorted diligently to use the means, but in proper order. The principles in human ncture to which means are addressed. Questions, objections, an- swers, and explanations on this subject. Books of Referknce. — Griffin's Park Street Lertures. Dn'ighl*s Theol. Fuller's workg. Dick's Theol., lect. 84. Green, on the Shorter Cat.,lect. 64. Boston's B. D.,vol. 3, page 204—291. Woods' works» vol, 2, lect, 47—58. pentance. ;pentance. change of ijlowed by thing, aad 1 duty. A 'he author produced, ving faith, rough the Moti\ ince. J, also chap. 1. Dvvight, ions., vol. 3, )rthy , p. 86. Campbell, LECTURE CXVII. THE WOBD OF GOD. ^ The Word of God is contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments. This word divinely inspired. Plain in all things relating to salvation. And . rofitable for many important and blessed purposes. The ends which God pro- poses by his word The excellence of tne word of God .o promote these en<.^. How it bee- ; effectual bcth on the part of God and tic part oi man. The exercises by which it becomes effectual are reading and hearing. The Word of God should be read both in public and private. In '•what manner it should bo read. It must also be preached in order to be heard. How this is to be performed and how improved. Books of Reference. — Stennet's Parable of the Sower. Maasellon's Serm., vol. 2. 'Gill's B. D., vol. 3, o. 340, oct. ed. Works of Robert Hall, vol. 1, p. 249. Dv|ight's Theol. Dick's Theol,, lect. 84, 85. Bennet's CHr. Oral., p. 16—95. !■! I il 4' 84 COURSE OP STUDT. LECTURE CXVIII. THE SACRAMENTS. The name Sacrament not used in Scripture. The meaning of the word as appHed among the Romans and in the Western Churches. The nature of the Sacraments. The parts, form and design of a Sacrament. The properties of Sacraments. Their necessity. The author or institutor of Sacraments. The Sacraments under the diffeirent dispensations. The minister of the Sacraments, or person by whom dispensed. How the Sacraments become effectual means of salvation. Books of Reference. — WitsiuR' Econ, Gov., book 1 and 4, chop. 6. Boston's B. D. Ridgley. Dick's Theol. Dwight's Theol. Green, on the Shorter Cat., lect. 66, 67. Shaw's Expos, of Confession, p. 304 308. Pictet's Christian Theol,, book 11, chap. 1, 2, 3. LECTURE CXIX. BAPTISM. Baptism the initiatory sacrament of the New Testament dis- pensation. Is a divine institution and of perpetual obligation % the Church of Christ. Baptism is to be administered with water, pure and unmixed, in the simple manner prescribed by Christ. Baptism must be administered expressly in, or into the name of the Father, dud of the Son,' and of the Holy Ghost, as three divine persons, the same in substance and equal in power and glory. Baptism ought to be administered by a minister of the word, lawfully ordained to that office, and by no other. Baptism ought to be administered publicly. Baptism ought to be administered with much gravity and serious solemnity. The things signified by baptism. A sign and seal of the covenant of grace. Denotes dedication to the Lord. Designed to exhibit the blessings of the covenant. And obliga*' a to the manner of life required. Books of Reference.— Works of Peter Edwarda, Pond and Jndson, Jerrom, Clarke, Wall, Gale, West, Strong, Dick and Dwight,Henery, on Baptism, p. 1—65. Boston's B. D. Witsius Ind Ridgley. »!w i n i . i i i ' i''B^R^Rsi' # COURSE OF STUDY 85 LECTURE CXX. SUBJECTS OF BAPTISM. All adult persons who profess their faith in Christ and obe- dience to hiir , and who have not been baptized in infancy, are the proper subjects of baptism. The infants ot such as are members of the visible Church, or of one or both believ- ing parents are to be baptized. Arguments by which this is confirmed, in opposition to those who assume the name of Baptists and confidently assert that baptism ought to be con- fined to adults. Infants of believing parents are to be con- sidered as within the covenant, being included in the Abra- hamic covenant. Infants were the subjects of circumcision under the Old Testament dispensation, and have a right to baptism under the New. Infants in the Church till the term of Christ's coming. Infants not excluded by the new cove- nant. The apostolic commission to baptize all nations^ includes infants. The apostolic practice with respect to in- fant baptibm. The uniform practice of the Primitive Churches. Answers to the objections ef Baptists. Books of Reference. — Dwight, vol. 5, serm. 185. Dick'aTheoK, lect. 88. Ridgley, vol. 2,qu. 166. Erskine'a Serm., vol. 2. Calvin's J .St., book 4, chap. 16. Turrelin, torn. 3, loc. 19, qu. 20. Cavis' Prim. Chris., part 1, chap. 5. Bingham's Antiq., vol. 4. Gerhard, torn. 9, qu. 57_318. Janeway's Letters, 1—9. HoplHns, vol. 2, Witsius, book 4, chap. 16. Doddr. Lect., vol. 2. Woods' works, vol. 3. Wilson, on Infant Baptism, part 2. Pirie's workn, vol. 5. LECTURE CXXI. MODE OF BAPTISM. This a .subject which has caused much controversy among Christians. Those who have assumed the name of Baptists contend that baptism can only be valid when per- formed by immersion, or by dipping the whole body under water. A variety of modes practised by the Church in the application of fluids to the body for a religious purpose under the Old Testament. These called divers baptisms. Not denied that baptism may be lawfully performed by immersion, ^.i 86 COURSE OF STUDY. but maintained that it is rightly administered by pouring or sprinkling water on the person. This is what is professed with respect to the mode of baptism in the Westminster Con- fession of Faith. The meaning and application of the original terms employed to express the ordinance. From the use of the terms it appears that baptism consists in applying water to the body for a religious purpose, but how, or in what quantity, it does not particularly express. Evidence adduced from various sources. Books of Reference.— Ridgley, vol. 2, p. 416. Clarke's Defence, chap. 6. Dwight, vol 5, serm. 159. Witsius, vol. 3, book 4, chap. 16. Tiilotson's Sermons, vol. 1, p. 512. Woods' works, vol. 3. LECTURE CXXII. THE LORDS SUPPER. *'i The nature of this ordinance may be learned from the names given to it in Scripture. The external and sensible signs appointed to be used in the Lord's Supper. The mys- tical signification of the«e external signs. The author of the sacrament of the supper. The time and place of its institu- tion. The end and design of this divine ordinance. The proper subjects, and what is required to the worthy receiving of this sacrament. The exercise more especially incumbent upon communicants at a sacramental table. The benefits to be received at the Lord's Supper. The obligations that lie on all Christians to observe the ordinance of the supper. The sin and danger of eating an.d drinking unworthily. Contro- versies about the Lord's Supper. The improvement. Books of Refekence. — Dwight, vol. 5, sernn. 160. Dick'sTlieoi., lect. 90, 91, 92. Calvin's Inst., book 3, chap. 17. Ridgley's B. D., vol. 2, qu. 168—175 Fathers of the F.iig, Ch., vol. 6, page 474. Tiilotson's Sermons, vol. 2, serm. 25. Witsius' Kcon. Cov., book 4, chap. 17. Pictet'8 Theol., book 11, chap 8, 6. Green's Lecture on the Cat., lect. 70,71. Hill's Theol. Turretin, torn. 3. loc. 19, qu. 21, 22. Grove, on the Lord's Supper. Watts, on Com. Hall, on Com. Mason, on Com. Jhi*.,»™., 'r" .u"j i ' | i Bjjiu^' " ■ ■at- !- COURSE OF STUDY 87 LECTURE CXXllI. PRAYER. The nature, design and efficacy of prayer. T^'e «*>J«ct of wraver We are to pray in the name ot Jesus Christ, uur help in prayer is the Holy Ghost. The parts of prayer are invocation, adoration, confession, petition, intercession, and thanksgiving. Kinds of prayer. Proper dispositions in prayer Prayer of faith. Influence of prayer. P;;f "^"^ »« prayer. Forms of prayer. The gift of rayer. The duty of prayer. Book, of REFERENCE.-Dwight, vol. 5, serm. 140-143. Calvin's Inst., book 3, chap. 20. Dick's Theol., lect 93, 94, 95. Greens Lec- tures on ihe Shorter Cat. . hot. 72-77. Watts, on Prayer. Howe, on Prayer. Ridglcy, vol. 2, page 445. Scott's Essays, ess. 23 Edwards, vol. 3. Witherspoon, vol. 2, page 7. Woods' works, vol. 3, 4 Spring s Essays, ess. 11. Owen, on the Persoi. of Christ. LECTURE CXXIV. THE SABBATH. The divine authority of the Sabbath. Is of perpetual obli- gation, and not a part of the ceremonial law. Is of vital consequence to the interests of mankind. From the begin- ning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, the seventh day°of the week was appointed to be the Sabbath, and then it was abolished. Since the resurrection of Christ, the first day of the week is to be observed as the Christian Sabbath, or Lord's Day. Reasons for keeping the Sabbath. The manner in which the Sabbath is to be observed. Opinions of different sects on the subject of the Sabbath. Books of Reference.— Dwight, vol. 4, serin. 105. Ridgley, vol. 2, qu. 115. Dick's Theol., lect. 104. Edwards, vol. 8, serm. 26. Cal- vin's Inst., book 2, chap, 8. Horsley's Sermons, vol. 2. serm. 21—23. Doddr. Lectures, vol. 2, page 356, prop. 151. Turretin, pars. 2, loc. 11, qu. 13, 14. Glass's works, vol. 2, page 3S1. Wilson's Lectures. Hum- phrey, on the Sabbath. Mastricht. page 1240. Durham, on the Com. Owen, on the Lord's Day. Boston's B. D. Green's Lect. on Cat., lect. 42—45. Williams, on the Lord's Dhv. ']■ i 88 COURSE OF STUDY. LECTURE CXXV. THE CHURCH. Christianity has appeared in the world under three charac- teristic forms, distinguished as the ritual, the rationalistic, and the evangelical forms. In connection with each of these a different theory of the Church has obtained. In the present Lecture are considered the two first of these, and the theory of the Church connected with each. In the ritual system, or the religion of the prie^it, the Church or priesthood is every thing in religion, and everything is made to depend on the Church. This system with the theory of the Church which follows from it, not new, but of ancient date. Antichrist. Tractarianism Prophetic intimations of renewed strength and extended dominion of Antichrist. The rationalistic system and the theory of the Church connected with it. The sup- porters of the priestly and rationalistic systems combine and coalese against the true or evangelical Church. Books of Reference — P inceton Theological Essays, first series. Preface to De Aubigne's History of the Reformation. Brown's Puseyite Episcopacy. Boardman's (Christian Ministry not a Priesthood. Various writers on the Sixth Vial. LECTURE CXXVI. THE EVANGELICAL THEORY OF THE CHURCH. The elements which form the sacred order of true religion and of the Church. The doctrine, the life, the form and design, or object of the erection of the Christian Church. The evangelical form prevailed during the apostolic age. The evangelical system of doctrine proceeds upon the as- sumption that all men are guilty, depraved, miserable, and helpless sinners. The method of recovery from this condition, All who believe are saved, and the saved become members of the Church. Books of REFERbNcn. — llooUer's F.ccl. Polity. Dwight, vol. 5. Ridgley , vol. 1. Doddr. Led. , vol. 2. Dick's 'Iheoi. .COURSE or ITUDT. 89 LECTURE CXXVII. THE CHURCH OR KINGDOM OF CHRIST. Christianity in its origin as represented in the New Testa- ment The kingdom of Christ not of this world. Is absolutely unalterable. Cannot be incorporated with the kingdoms of (his world without destroying its distinguishmg characters. Without supplanting the authority of Christ. Without depriving the members of the Church of their rights. And without defeating the design of the erection of the Church. Books or RErERENCE— Works of Robert Hall. Glass's works, ▼ol. 1. Graham, Ballantyne, and Marshall, on Establishments. Secessioa Magazine— new series— vol. 3, pp. 1, 49, 146, 294, LECTURE CXXVIIL THE CONSTITUTION OF THE CHURCH. The Church as it appeared in its first erection at Jerusa- lem. A society called out of and separated from the world. A society called into a state of union and communion. The twofold aspect of the Church. Invisible and visible. Not two Churches. Books or REFERENCE.-Baptist Noel, on the Union of Charch and State. Rheinhard's Dogmat., loc. 11. Watts, on Communion. Dicks Theol. Dwight, vol. 5, serm. 149. LECTURE CXXIX. MODE OF ADMISSION INTO THE CHURCH. Profession required and made in the Church from the be- ginning. Under the Old Testament. Under the New Testament. Predictions. Their accomplishment. Irofes- sion made in primitive times. Creeds. Three things required. Renunciation . Profession of faith. And vow of obedience. Those who make this professioi are visible saints^ 90 COURSE OF STUDY^ Books or Reference. — Danlap's Preraoe to Aasemb. Catechitm. Duncan, on Creeds and ConfessionB. Miller's Lect, on Creeds. Panop> list, vol. 2, p. 313—318, and 359—366. King's HLstory of the Apostles* Creed. LECTURE CXXX. TERMS OF CHURCH COMMUNION. Believers in profession and appearance to be received into the Ciiurch. True and false profession. What the profes- sion is which is required in those who are admitted into the Church. The inspired representations made of the Church in Scripture prove that it ought to be composed of professed believers. The Church called the body of Christ. The spouse of Christ. The house of God. The flock or sheep of Christ. Competent measure of knowledge — credible pro- fession of faith — and conversation becoming the Gospel, afTord evidence of visible saintship.' Not necessary to judge the heart in admitting members into the Church. The Apostle speaks of building up persons, not systems of reli- gion in 1 Cor. 3, 12—15. The nature and design of the Sacraments of the New Testament, and the qualification requisite to the right participation of these strikingly illustrate and confirm the truth taught in this Lecture. Books oi Reference.— Works of Hoberi Hall, vol. 2, page 267. Bunyan, Mason, Brooks, and Robinson, on Free Communion; and Andrew Fuller, Booth, J. G. Fuller, and Foster, on Strict Communion. LECTURE CXXXI. THE GOVERNMENT OF THE CHURCH. Differences among professed Christians on the subject of Church government. Popish Ibrm. Episcopacy. Inde- pendency. Presbyterianism. Advantages and disadvantages of each. What to be understood by the Church of Christ. The constitution of the Church with respect to its members. The office-bearers appointed in the Church when completely organized. No lawgiver named in matters of religion but Christ, and no authority recognized but that of the sacred '^^imI; ^■-il«tfi','-<4^-::.'#**M .!??►* ' 3 '.v. iJOT, -W MMil COURSE OF STUDY. 91 oracles. Church power. Mode of inducting pastors and deacons into office. Their respective duties. Church dis- cipline. Books or Referenck.— In addition to the books referred to on the ■receding Lectures on the Christian Church, the following may be consult- Id:-Gill, vol. 3, page 274. Potter's works, Yol. 2, chap. 1. Hopkins, vol. 2, page 407. Aytown's Constitution of the Church, chap. 2, sec. 1. King, on the Primitive Church. Campbell's Lectures on Church History. Calvin's Inst., book 4. Owen's Inquiry, Rutherford's ^'ghj of Presby- teries, chap. 16. Calamy's Dioces. Epiac. Dick, lect. 97, 98, 99, 100. 101 Skinner's Truth and Order. Miller's Letters on the Const, and Order of the Christian Ministry. Edwards, on Episcopacy. Woods works, vol. 3, lect. 121—126. Smith's Lectures on the Sac, Office. Bing- ham's Antiq., vol. 1. Mastricht, lib. 7, chap. 2. he sacred KSS IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) // /. i/. 1.0 I.I £ Hi 2.2 12.0 1.8 1.25 1.4 1.6 -< 6" — ^ ^^# V. ^/. m '^ >>" M Photographic Sciencfis Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14S80 (716) 872-4503 i? <> i ^ > H B 9 1 ff ! 1 i r ■ - ^ PASTORAL THEOLOaY. I ill LECTURE I. THE NATURE AUD IMPORTANCE OF THE PASTORAL OFFICE. A regular standing ministry of divine appointment, and an essential constituent of the Church of God. The nature of the ministry which Christ has appointed may be learned from «ie scriptural illustrations of it, and the names assigned to it. 1 he name pastor or shephe/d appropriated to Christian min- isters in their official character. The language metaphorical. Ihe grounds and reasons of it pointed out. Illustrated Par- ticularly from the pastoral office as exercised by our Lord Jesus Christ. The Christian ministry extraordinary and ordinary. In both respects pastoral. - H,5a n!f !k° « '^«^=^««NCE.--Bridge'8 Christian Ministry. Smith's Lec- p/«L u S^"«'*pOffi*=«- , Gerard's Pastoral Care. Baxter's Reformed Pastor. Burnet'6 Pastoral Care. Dwight's Theol. Herbert's Country LECTURE II. ' THE CHRISTIAN MINISTRY EXTRAORDINARY AND ORDINARY. The Christian ministry v. pre-eminent gift of Christ the exalted mediator. Extraordinary and ordinary. To the ex- iraordinary class of officers belong apostles, prophets, and evangelists. The apostles were immediately called to the othce by Christ himself in an extraordinary manner. Office power communicated to those who were thus called. Prophets. JB^vangelists. Ordinary and permanent offices and office- bearers are comprehended in two classes, bishops and dea- COURSE OF 8TUDT. 93 cons. The nature of the deacon's office. The ordinary standing Gospel ministry. Only one divinely constituted order of the Christian ministry. Called by various names;. Bishop and presbyter employed as convertible titles for the same office. Books of Refereimje,— Miller, on the Christian Ministry. Pictet'a Theology, book 10, chap. 7. Owen, on Church Government. Vinet's Pastoral Theology. Hill's Lectures in Divinity, vol. 3, book 6, chap. 2. OFFICE. and an ature of ed from ed to it. an min- horical. ;ed p»ir- jr Lord ry and LECTURE III. PASTORAL QUALIFICATIONS. Full information on these qualifications given in the Epis- tles to Timothy and Titus. The first and most essential qualification for the pastoral office is personal religion. This indispensable in order to the welfare of the Church, and the salvation of men. Indispensable to enable a minister to per- form the various duties of his office in a suitable manner. Indispensable to ministerial success. Indispensable Jn order to prepare a minister to encounter the trials and difficulties of his office. Ministerial trials. Supports under them. Sound- ness in the faith a second qualification necessary to the work of the ministry. A good natural capacity is a third qualifi- cation. Education. Prudence, and a studious disposition are also qualifications for the pastoral office. th*s Lec- iLeformed Coaotry Books of Reference. — Qiiesnsl. Baxter's Peformed Pastor. Woods' works, vol. 3 and 5. Whitefield's Sermon on Luke, chap. 1, 18, 19. Bowie's Pastor, lib. 1, chap. 13. Burder's Hints. ist the the ex- ts, and to the Office ophets. office- id dea- LECTURE IV. THE CALL TO TEE PASTORAL OFFICE. This a subject of some difficulty, though of great import- ance. Ministers, and candidates for the ministry, should seek to make their call to the pastoral office evident. Christ the author of the pastoral office. Hath appointed the way and means by which persons are to be admitted to it. Endows them with the gifis and qualifications which are necessary to the discharge of its duties. Gives a disposition and inclina- 94 COURSE OF STUDY. 11 S tion to the work of the ministry. God usually brings forward to the pastoral office by a series of providential dispensations in which his own hand is visible. The choice or election of the Church requisite to constitute the pastoral office. Ordi- nation declarative of the call of God to the pastoral office. Books of Rkfbrbncb. — Vinet's Pastoral Theol., Introdaction, sec. 7, part 1. Fra«er'8 Memoirs, Young's Sermons, vol. 3, serm. 2. Bridge's Cbriatitn Ministry, page 90— 102. Brown's Address to his ^tademtsi, Mason's Student and Pastor. LECTURE V. HISTORY OF PREACHING. Public preaching a great work, and the principal work of Gospel ministers. History of preaching before the flood. Enoch and Noah. After the flood in the patriarchal ages. The heads of families acted as preachers. Abraham — Jacob — Melchizedec — Moses — the Levites — the Schools of the Prophets. After the return from Babylon a more regular plan of public preaching set on foot in the Jewish Church. Ezra — the Synagogues. Preaching under the New Testa- ment. Our Lord and his Aposths. The Apostolic Fathers. Preaching in the second, third and fourth centuries. In the Greek and Latin Chiftches. Chrysostom — Lactantius — Au- gustine. Preaching during the dark ages until the Reforma- tion. The Reformers and Puritans. The strain of preaching in the period subsequent to the Puritans, and in modern times. Books of Refeuenck. — Bingham's Church History. King, on the Constitution of the Primitive Church. Preface to Robinson's Claude. Hornbeek's Misc. Sac, p. 274—286. Shaw's Comparative View. Ed- wards' Preacher. I LECTURE VI. PREPARATION FOR THE PULPIT. The word the instrument of salvation. Becomes the in- strument of salvation by preaching. This evident from the manner in which the preaching of the word is generally spoken of in Scripture. Preaching the first and principal COURflB OF STUDY. 9& ptrt of the duty of a Christian pastor. Necessary to make* due preparation for the pulpit by careful study. Choiceofi textSr-*-rules. A text should never be chosen as a mere ; motto of a sermon. There should be no affectation of pecu» llarity. A text should contain a complete sense in itself. Must include the complete sense of the inspired writer. Should be pertinent to the subject. The choice of subjects — doctrinal —practical — historical — applicatory or probatory. Prepa- ration for the pulpit to be made by close meditation, And by fervent prayer. 6o«Ks OF Reference.— Claud's Cs^ay. Vinet's Homilitiei and Pastoral Theology. Porier'a Lectures on Homilities and Freaohiiis. Mason's Student and Pastor, page 43—46. Miller's Letters on Clerical Manners. LECTURE VII. THE STRUCTITRE AND COMPOSITION OF SERMONS. The importance of engaging in the work of pulpit prepara- lyjti with the heart of a devoted Christian. Prayer and study must go hand in hand. Expository discourses or lectures. Distinguished into critical and practical. Rules to be ob- served in preparing lectures. A sermon as distinguished from a lecture. The arrangement of parts in a regular sermon. Exordium or introduction. Should be simple, natural and easy. Pertinent and suitable. Delicate and judicious as to length. Should be of the same strain with the subject — lead to, and be connected with it. Explication the second thing required in a sermon. Both the terms and the subject must be explained if found necessary. The third thing in the structure of a sermon is the proposition or state- ment of the subject of discourse. Should be brief and clear. Books of RKFi- ence. — The same as on the preceding Lecture, to- gether with iJampbulI's Rhetoric, and Lectures on Pulpit Eloquence. LECTURE VIII. DIVISION. Division proper in a sermon. Division not inconsistent with unity. *Unity different from sameness Unity with and <^l-^dftt 96 COURSE OF STUDY. without variety. Illustration. Quotations from Professor Brown and Dr. Porter. Importance of unity in a sermon. Unity of subject. Unity in design. Unity in adaptation of parts. And unity in illustration. Method or divisions in a sermon are useful. Promote perspicuity — beauty — brevity — energy — vivacity — assist memory. Illustrations. Divisions are of different kinds. Three kinds of method or division. The textual — the topical — the scholastic. Examples of each. Which kind to be adopted depends upon the nature of the subject and other circumstances. Subjects are someihing to be believed. Something to be done — something to be related — or a truth — a duty, a history. Illustrations of each. Rules by which divisions should be conducted. The parts should be distinct — well arranged and in proper order. Should comprehend the whole subject. Should not be very many. Should be of things rather than of words. Should be clearly and concisely expressed. Ought not to attach undue import- ance to artificial rules. Dr. Burder quoted. Examples of method. Books or Rbfkrknce. — Doddridge's Preaching Lectures, 5, 7, 10. Blair's Lectures, pages 369—39^ Blackwell, on Preaching, Delany, on Preaching. Fenelon, Wilkins. LECTURE IX. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION IN SEEHONS. The Gospel m^ hod of salvation as published by the ministers of religion. In preaching, the principal part of a sermon is the amplification or illustration. Peculiarities in the prosecution of the plan according to the different kinds of discourses. Difficult to accommodate the rules which have been laid down by Rhetoricians to all kinds of sermons. The first exertion of the mind necessary in every discourse is in- vention. Knowledge necessary, and supposed to be posses- sed by the preacher. Our Lord's instructive comparison of a preacher to a householder bringing forth out of his treasure things new and old. Berades his own treasure the preacher may avail himself of extrinsical help in the illustration of his subject. Sources of argument. Reason. The Scriptures the grand storehouse of argument. The human mind. Com- mon sense. Proper arrangement of arguments. The con- COURSE OF 8TVDT. ^ elusion of a sermon. Continual or perpetual application. Examples. Difficult mode of application. The method of concluding sermons by recapitulation. By inference — by re- mark — by address. Farnestness. Books of RErERSNCE. — Ency. Brit, at the word Oratory, p. 399 —403. Mastricht, vol. 2, p. 1228—1235. Edwards' Preacher, vol. 1, page 98—145. Blair's Lectures. Le Roque, p. 22 — 222, and 437—440. Vitringa, page 52 '68, and 82 — 111. Delany, on Good Preaching, page 16—21, and 282—336. LECTURE X. THE STYLE AND MANNER OF PREACHING. Various kinds of style. Faults or defects of pulpit style. In words and phrases. Use and abuse of figure and allegory in discourses on moral and religious subjects. Examples of allegorical preaching. Metaphysical preaching. The first quality of preaching is simplicity. Involving in it perspicuity — precision — purity, andpropriety of language. Seriousness or solemnity a second quality of pulpit style. Earnestness a third quality of style in preaching. The Gospel should be preached according to the scriptural rule, which is, if any man speak let him speak as the oracles of God. Preaching should be evangelical — instructive — -and direct, and pointed to the conscience. Books of Reference. — Campbell's Phil, of Rhet., page 176—228. Harris' Hermes, page 172 — 2213. Rollin's Belle Letters, vol. 2, p. 140 —173. Gibbons, on Rhet., page 1 — 98. Fenelon, on Eloq. Constable, on Style, duintilian. Mason's Essay on Eloc. LECTURE XI. PASTORAL DUTIES, PUBLIC AND PR^^^ATE. Prayer an important part of public worship. No forms of prayer used in our Church. But we have a directory for the public worship of God. It is proper to observe its instruc- tions on prayer. Adoration — thanksgiving — confession — petition and intercession, the parts of prayer. Faults in public prayer which should be avoided. The administratioa S 96 COURSE OF STUST. of the sacraments another part of the public duty of minister. The manner in wh^ch baptism is to be administered. Suitable counsels and instructions to be found in tho directory. Na- ture and importance of the ordinance of the Lord's Supper. The manner in which it is to be observed. Books or Refkhknce. — Miller, on Public Prayer. Wilkins, Henery, and Watts, on Prayer. Mason's totadent and Pastor. Smith's System of Prayer. Works of Robert Hall and Andrew Fuller. Bicker- ■tetb, on Prayer. Doddridge's Lectures, 18, 19. Newton, Vitringa, Hornbeok. Misc. Sac, 286— 306. Osterwald. Mather's Student and Preacher. li LECTURE XII. PASTORAL OVERSIGHT, OR CARE OF SOULS. Under pastoral oversight we include everything belonging to the work of the Christian ministry, except public instruc- tion and the celebration of worship, which have come under review in the preceding Lectures. The pastor must occupy himself not only with the whole flock, in the pulpit, but, descending from the pulpit, he musl exercise his ministry to- wards individuals according to their internal state, and external circumstances. In detail in respect of their internp' condition, he has to care for the souls of individuals, and to deal with them, in the exercise of his ministry, as unbelievers —as ignorant and careless — self-righteous — false professors — awakened sinners — under natural and spiritual convictions — as new converts — as backsliders — as confirmed and con- sistent Christians, and in a variety of other respects in which those under his charge may be found. In respect of the ex- ternal situation of individuals, it is the duty of the Christian pastor to visit the sick, and to deal with them according to tho different characters of the afllicted and the different kinds of affliction to which they are subjected, examining into their state, giving exhortations suited to it, and praying with and for them. Another part of the pastoral work with respect to individuals and families is, visiting the flock, and teaching from house to house. Catechizing is an important part of pastoral work, and onght to be performed as far as local circumstances will admit . Particularly towards the young, Christian ministers have an important part of pastoral duty to discharge, folding the lambs of the flock in the green pastures, COURSE OP STUDY. 99 and beside the still waters of the Gospel of peace. And Christian ministers must also, in the discharge of their pastoral duties, use every private means of promoting reli- gion among their flock, by conversation, sabbath schools, prayer meetings, distribution of tracts, and by employing he assistance of others in the congregation as helpers in the Lord Thus the pastor is to be for a tower and a fortress among the people of his charge, that he may know and try their ways, and to be instant in season and out of season, re- proving, rebuking, exhorting, with all long suffermg .— Jer. 6, 27. 2 Jerm. 4, 2. Books or RiFERENCB.-Bridge'a Christian Ministry, part 6. Vinet'8 Pastoral Theology, part 3, sect. 12, chap. 2, and sect. 3, chap. 1. 23! Baxter's Reforofed Pastor. Ostervald's Lectures on the Sacred Office. Seeker's Charges, p. 25. 229, 245. Burnet's Past. Care, chap. 6, 8. C'.fergyman's Instructor. Orton's Letters. LECTURE XIII . Paul's address to the elders of ephisus. Christian ministers must preach the Gospel and discharge the other duties of the pastoral office with humility--sympatliy —fidelity— fortitude— diligence— self-denial, and simple de- pendence upon the power and grace of God for success. Ihe nature, dignity, importance and duty of the pastoral ottice pointed out by the names given to those who are invested with it. Overseers, ambassadors, builders, laborers, stewards, watchmen, shepherds. Call to the ministry. Extraordinary and ordinary. The work to be performed. To take heed to themselves, and to the flock. The object in view--.the glory of God and the salvation of man. The manner of attaining this end. Qualifications, encouragements and motives to the performance of pastoral duties, Books of Reference.— In addition to the books mentioned on the preceding Lectures on Pastoral Theology, the following may be consulted. — Macgill's Address to Young Clergymen. Augustine, on Poaching, ana Chrysostom, on the Priesthood. Masselon's Charges. Dr. Edwards Preacher. Gibbon's Christian Ministry. 100 COURSE OV STUCT. ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. In this department a full course of Lectures cannot be given, owing to the shortness of time, and the multiplicity of work required to be done in the other deparlmcnls. Besides some occasional Lectures on the nature, worth, special im- portance, ends, &c., of Church history, all that can be accomplished must be by the student's reading, writing essays, and being examined on the subject. In Edwards' Posthumous History of Redemption, we have an admirable outline of the history of the Church, which, if he had lived to fill up, would have been unrivalled by any- thing of the kind ad yet to be found in the English language. Of this work and his intention in writing it, he himself gives a most striking sketch in his letter to the Trustees of Princeton College, when they invited him to be the President of that institution, which may be here quoted: •' I have," says he, '• on my mind and heart a great work, which I call a History of Redemption, a body of Divinity, in an entire new method, being thrown into the form of a history, considering the affair of Christian Theology, as the whole of it, in each part, stands in reference to the great work of redemption by Jesus Christ; which I suppose to be, of all others, the grand design of God, and the summumand ultimum of all the divine operations and decrees, particularly considering all parts of the grand scheme in their historical order; the order of their existence, or their being brought forth to view in the course of divine dispensa- tions, or the wonderful series of successive acts and events; beginning from eternity, ai;d descending from thence to the great and successive work of the infinitely wise God, in time; considering the chief events coming to pass in the Church of God, and revolutions in the world of mankind, affecting the state of the Church, and the affair of redemption, which we have an account of in history or prophecy, till at last we come to the general resurrection, last judgment, and consummation of all things, when it shall be"said, ' It is done.' 4 am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end;' concluding my vvork with a consideration of that perfect stale of things which shall be finally settled, to last for eternity. This his- tory will bf» carried on with regard to all three worlds, heaven, earth and nell, considering the connected, successive events and alterations in each, so far as the Scriptures give any COURSE Of STUDY. 101 light; introducing all parts of divinity in that order which is most scriptural and most natural; a method which appears to me the most beautiful and entertaining, wherein every divine doctrine which appear to the greatest advantage, in the brightest light, in the most striking manner, showing the ad- mirable contexture and harmony of tho whole." Now, taking this contemplated work of President Edwards, which has been only partially carried out in his published History of Redemption, as a text-book, we shall give two or three examples of the manner in which the knowledge ot Church History mn.y be acquired by reading, writing essays, and being examined on the subject. The history of the Church under the Old Testament is divided into six periods or parts. First, from the creation to the flood; second, from the flood to the calling of Abraham; third, from the calling of Abraham to Moses; fourth, Irom Moses to David; fifth, from David to the Babylonish captivity; and sixth, from the Babylonish captivity to the coming ot Christ. Now, take one of these periods as an example to be followed in each and all of the others, in writing essays and being examined on the several parts of «he history ot th> Church under the Old Testament dispensation. Take THE SECOND PERIOD FROM THE FLOOD TO ABRAHAM. The length of time. Revelations given to the Church during this period. Doctrines. Precepts. Rights and ordi- nances. Discipline and mode of government. Prophecies. Errors. Schisms. Idolatry. Remarkable persons during this period. Such as promoted the interests of religion by their learning, labors and suff'erings. Such is opposed and injured the Church by errors, wickednes? , persecutions. Events which took place in the Church during this period. Favorable. Unfavorable. Events which happened m the world, considered as affecting the Church. Favorable. Un- favorable. The building of the city and tower of Babel. Con- fusion of languages and dispersing the nations. Dividing the earth among its inhabitants. State of religion m the Church during this period. Preservation of the true religion in the line of which Christ was to come, when the world m general apostatized to idolatry. Increase or decrease of piety. In- crease or decrease of persons professing religion. Particular instances of revival or decay of religion. False religions which sprung up during this period. Systems of philosophy, ^s affecting religion. 1(H2 COURB OF STUDY. Books or R^rxuRNcs. — Edwards, on Reddrnptioiiv pnge 40. Bogoe's Theol. Lectures, page 640. Spanlieim's Ecsl.Hist. Buddie's Eccl. Hist, vol. 1. Calmet's Hist. Shukford's Con. Millar's works, vol. 1. War- burton's Div. Leg., vol. 1,2. Sherlccit, on Proph. Witsius' Econ. Lampi^'s Hist. O. V. Turicix, Vilringu. Frideaux's Con. John Ed- wards' Dispen. Kolliii Judepiius. t '*!■ PERIOD BROM THE INCARNATION TO THE ASCENSION OF CHRIST. State of the world at tiie time of Christ's coming. Gentiles — Jews. The history of Christ's life. Humiliafion — con- ception — birth— time — circumstances and conconritants of Chrii^t's incarnatioi!. The employment of Christ's life before his public ministry and after he entered on his , ministry. The nature cf Christ's doctrine. The manner of his preaching. The success of Christ's teaching. The number of his disci- pies. 1 hen* general character. Their station in life. The manner of their call. Their general temper and conduct. The opposition made to Christ. By whom. Pharisees. Sadducees. The rulers The multitude. The causes of the opposition. The manner in which it was manifested. The sufferings — dtath — resurrection — and ascei^sion of Christ. Books or Reference. — Newton, on EccI, His., page 1—73. iVTos- heirn's EccI. Hist., vol. I. Miller's Hist, of »he Propagation of Christianity, vol. 1. Jones' History of the Christian Church, vol. 1. Vitringa, Lampe, Spanheim. Weisman's Eccl. Hist. Bosuits' Univ. Hist. Smith's Scrip. Teat , vol, :>, book 3, page 333, and vol. 1, pages 290, 315, .S28, 382, and Notes, chap. 4, book 4, page 543. Schaff's Apostolic Church, vol. 1, page 163—219. v The third period of Church history, or of the history of the work of redemption, according to the division adopted by President Edwards, is from Christ's resurrection to (he end of the world. On this period, as far as it has already elapsed, we shall follow the common division of centuries, and give one century as an example to be observed in all the others. C0UR8K OF STUDY. 103 FIRST CENTURY. — HISTORY OF THE APOSTOLIC CHURCH. "State and progress of Christianity during this period. Among the Jews. An-iong the Gentiles. Doctrines of the Christian Church. Articles of faith— r-iles of duty. Inter- nal state of the Ciiristian Church. Gifts— ordinary-^-extra- ordinary. Manners. Imperfections. Govornment of the Christian Church. Officers in the Church. Extraordinary ordinary. The nature and mode of worship. Manner of dispensing ordinances. Times of worship . Places of wor- ship. Discipline. Managing affairs in the Church. Choice of pastors. Admission of mbers. Eminent men in the Church who promoted relig . r. by their writings— -by their pmI- ferings. Heresies which spiang up in the Church during this century. Hymeneus an^ Philelus. The Nicolaitan« -- Gnostics — Ebionites—Ceuntheans— Judaizers. Thcjir tenets and leadtr«. Councils held in this period. At Jeru 'cm, Acts, chap. 15, Opposition made to Christianity dr. /•„ the Apostolic age. By the Jews. Misrepresentation. Open persecution. By the Gentiles. Nero-Domitiam. State of the world during this age, as it affected the Christian religion. Slate of the Jews and the Jewish religion. Their political stp.te. Religious state. State of the Pagan religion. Sys- tems of philosophy as they affected Christianity. By ^iposition, or by being blended with it." Books of Refehence. — Dr. Bogue'p Outlines of Lectares on Charch History, from which the above syllabus has been selected, and where will be found a similar abstract for every century. To the books before men- tioned may be added Eusebuis' Eccl. Hist. Baronii Annales Eccl. Du- Ein'B Ecol, Hist. Parei Universalo's Hist. Escl. Jortin's Renriarks on Iccl. Hist. Gillis's Historical Collections. Dr. Erskino's Sketches. Robinson's Researches. The Church History of Waddington. Dr. Camp- bell, Gregory, Milner, Dr. Hawcip, Neandor, andGiescler. Neale'sHist. of the Puritans. Wharey'o Church Hist. History of the Church of Christ by the Religious Tract Society, in 6 vol. r-. - .-