IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) \.:--.' 1.0 1.1 liilM 125 ■^ iiii 122 2.0 us IM liSSI U il.6 Sdences CorporatiQii :^3 WBT MAIN STRHT WIISTIR,N.Y. 14StO (7l6)t72-4S03 \ v ^. \ \ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Instituta for Historical IMicroraproductions / Inttitut Canadian da microraproductions liistoriquas Tachnieal and Bibliographic Notas/Notaa tachniquas at bibliographiquaa Tha Instituta haa anamptad to obtain tha baat original copy avallabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibllographically unlqua. which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction, or which may aignificantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chackad balow. L'Inatitut a microfilm* la maillaur axamplaira qu'il lul a At* poaaibia da aa procurar. 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This itam is fllmad at tha reduction ratio chackad balow/ Ca document ast film* au taux da r*duction indiqu* ci-dassous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 28X 30X y 12X 16X »X MX 2SX D 32X TIm copy fllmad h«ra has bMn reproduced thanks to tha ganarosity of: National Library of Canada L'axamplaira film* fut raproduit grAca k la gAnArosit* da: Biblioth&qua nationala du Canada Tha imagaa appearing hara ara tha baat quality possibia considering the condition and iagibiiity of the original copy and in Iceeping with the filming contract specifications. Les images suivantas ont 4tA raproduites avac la plus grand soin, compta tenu de la condition at da ia nattetA de I'exemplaira fiimA, et en conformity avec les conditions du contrat da filmage. Original copies in printed paper covera ara filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the bacic cover when appropriate. 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Maps, piatea, charts, etc.. may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one expoaura are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre fllmte A des taux de rMuction diff6rants. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre raproduit en un seul cllchA, il est f ilm6 A partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A drolte, et de haut an has, an prenant le nombre d'images nicossalre. Les diagrammas suivants lllustrent la mMhode. 1 2 3 3M 1 2 3 4 5 6 'f V \ \ l^: tf^' ■ySf- THE MACAN COAL MINES IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND NOVA SCOTIA BOSTON 1863 TBB MACAN COAL MINES IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND, NOVA SCOTIA BOSTON PRINTED BY J. B. CUISHOLM, 12 WATER STREET 1863 MACAN COAL COMPANY. PRESIDENT. S. PARKMAN SHAW, E«y. TRKASDRKK. .7. (JAUDNKR WJMTE, Esq. niRKCTons. FHANCrs LOrSADA, Esq., IT. «. M. (•<,„s.,l. S. PAUKMAN SHAW, Esq., A. D. LAMSON, Esq., (J. B. J()XP:s, Esq. FRANCIS HOWE, Esq. L. H. STRAW, Es«^, Cr.KUK. J. W. I'RESTON, Esq. Office of the Company, 19 Doane Street Boston. N Vtf SURVEY OF Mi S/foiri/ff/ f/re rour. JRVEY OF MACAN MINES '^/foiri/ffj f/re rourscs of f/ir yeufs. I J' <mm MACAN COAL MINES. \ At this time when emergencies have caused the price of coal to rise to an unprecedented rate, it is evident that the public interest demands a greater production and more extended mining facilities than have thus far been developed, and to those wishing to ascertain where to mine most profitably, and with the prospect of the largest returns of coal, the advantages of the Macan Mines arc now presented. It is a self-evident fact that so long as coal is consumed for domestic use,- and for making steam in cotton factories, woollen factories, locomotives, and steam vessels, and for the manufacture of gas, and the working of iron, this min- eral must always be in demand, and as the number of these manufactories annually increase, so must the need of more coal be felt ; and the mining of it must be very profitable if the mine is judiciously worked. The coal hitherto mined on the M^can veins has been used for all thesfe purposes with a favorable result. In this country, peculiarly, the con- sumption of this f\iel is increasing with the general increase of population where it is employed, with the wider area over 6 I ! n a whichit is used, with each new purpose to wliich it is applied, and with the growth of every description of manufacture requiring power. In the machine shop and factory, on the railroad and canal, on the rivers and the ocean it is steam that is henceforth to perform the labor, and it is not for human intellect to assign a limit to tlie application of this power in a country like that which we inhabit, and for the pro- duction of this power coal will be required. Taylor, in his Statistics of Coal published 1855, said, " it would be no difficult task to sliow how vastly more profitable is the application of labor in the mining and working and transport- ing of coal, than id that of the precious metals. The value of coal ijroduced aunuall}', in Great Britain, alone, is com- puted at £10,000,000, at the pit's mouth. Coal is now the indispensable aliment of industry. It is a primarj- material ; engendering force ; giving a power superior to that which natural agents such as water, air, &c., procure. It is to industry what oxygen is to the lungs, water to the plant, nourishment to the animal. It is to coal we owe steam and gas ; and for workshops and "the domestic hearths, in our northern latitudes it is destined always to acquire increasing and more general use." The Macav Mines are situated at the mouth of the Macnn river, on Chegnecto Bay, at the head of the Bay of Fundy, in Nova Scotia, and are reached by vessels of the largest draught. The property consists of mining rights on 640 acres of land, with the improvements thereon, extending along tlie courses of several veins, or beds, of bituminous coal. Two of the coal beds have been opened and worked with great profit. The shape of the tract is such that the veins comprised in it are two miles in length. The property also includes Govern- ment licenses to search on the ten adjoining square miles. The Pictou coal, to which this is closely illied, has for some years been favorably known to the public, and has been very profitably worked by the owners. In 1845, ia a geological report to the Provincial Govern- ment of Canada, Sir W. E. Logan, in writing of the car- ])oniferous strata as developed at the Joggins, a continuous cliff eiglity to one hundred feet high, on tlie south shore of Chegnecto Bay, mentioned the fact that "thicker coal beds appear to exist to tlie eastward of the Joggins. On tlie S Macan river, whicli falls into Cumberland Bay, a seam occurs of ten feet in thickness." This vein, with three other good veins, liave since been developed in tlie Macan Mines. Mr. Dawson, in his excellent report of the geological survey made for the British Government, said that the finest and probably most productive part of the coal vein of the great Cumberland district lies in a line drawn from Springhill to Joggins. The Macan Mines lie on this line, and have proved the truth of Mr. DaWson's theory, for they have lieen worked profitably for the past two years, entirely by hantl labor and without capital, producing a good quantity of coal which has sold readily at very remunerative rates, although of course not mined with so great profit as if worked by machinery. The title is directly from the British Government to the present owners, and is therefore undoubtedly secure. The loading ground is but one half of a mile from the mouth of the mine, and vessels of the largest size will be able to approach the Company's wharf. These mines lie more than two hundred miles nearer to Boston than the Pictou or Sydney 8 1^ ■■\ mines and therefore have an advantage of freight. The quality of the coal has been highly commended by those who have used it. These mines were first opened by Mr. William Patrick, the former owner, about two years since. With scanty means, and working therefore on a very contijacted scale, he has been able to send off one cargo from the large vein, and has sold one hundred tons from a smaller vein of two feet width. Mr. Patrick has sunk a slope of 80 feet in length ou the seam of coal at 30 degrees inclination, and has stoped on either side to a considerable distance. He has also run an adit of 400 feet on water level from which he has taken large quantities of coal. He is now running a large, thoroughly built adit which will drain the mines, and save the expense of pumping, and he is pushing the work vigorously. The quantity of coal in these mines is believed to be inexhaustible, at any probable rate of mining, for many yeai's. A short distance to the west of the Macan Mines are situated the Lawrence, and the Victoria mines, the former on the east, and the latter on the west side of thi Hebei't river. The principal veins of both these mines pursue a direction nearly east and west, and it is tlie opinion of Mr. Patrick and others, that they crop out on the Macan property, while the latter possesses veins not found on cither of the others. Some idea of the quality of the coals in the Macan Mines, and of the profit with which they may be worked, can be obtained from the reports of the Lawrence, and the Victoria mines. The report of the Victoria Company says : " Taking 30,000 tons as the quantity shipped in one year, the result of the season's operations will be as follows : Expense of mining and delivering on board vessel 30,000 tons at Si, .... $30,000 Incidental expenses, wear and tear, salaries, &c. 3,000 30,000 tons realize at $2, Profit of season's business, $33,000 60,000 $27,000" The selling price of coal, $2, given above, is too low, $2.50 is the actual price. Mr. Patrick has sold all his product at $3.50 per chaldron. This price is realized on tlie wharf at the mines. The Lawrence Coal Company commenced shipping coal within the last twelve months, and the results thus far justify their expectation to divide this year 10 per cent, upon their capital of $200,000, notwithstanding the very considerable amounts expended on the necessary permanent works at their mines. Analysis of these coals have been made by Dr. A. A. Hayes of this city, and Mr. R. Foulis of St. John, New Brunswick, both distinguished as analyzing chemists and assayers. Dr. Hayes says of the coal from the Victoria mine on Hebert river, "It is strictly a gas-producing coal. Of 100 parts it contained Loose volatile matter . 36.00 Carbon in coke left . 51.84 Grey Ash . . . 12.16 100.00 / 10 ^11 "In the gas a small proportion of sulpluircttod carbon is found, but the general characteristics of the gas correspond to those of Pictou coal gas. 4.17 cubic feet of gas were atl'orded by 1 lb. of the coal, which is, a larger volume than Pictou coal makes. "As a basis coal, therefore, this sample i)romiscs to be highly desir.ible for gas manufacturing, the coke being gi'ey black and quite dense, and affords much heat in burning. " In burning and aft'ording heat it holds a place between Sydney and Pictou kinds, closely resembling the latter." Mr. Foulis says : "The specific gravity of the coal is 1.345, and it would l)e an excellent article for gas making purposes, when mixed with cannel coal, and where good coke is rocjuired. as the latter takes the shape of the vessel in which it is made." It is estimated that an outlay of ?.')(),000 at the Maoan Mines will i)roduce a net profit of ?50,000 per annum, and that an increased outlay will produce a still larger ratio of net profits. ' It is proposed to commence operations at once and pursue the work with energy, the property having been already secured. The Macan Coal Company have secured for their mines a first class Superintendent, Mr. Patrick, tlie former owner of this property. The following letter is a testimonial of the reliability of Mr. Patrick and his opinion as a skilful and reliable mining captain : 11 volume than " Office of Preston Coal and Iron Co. 13 Broadway, New York, Uat May, 1858. *' Mr. William Patrick, "Dear Sir, "For four years past you have been in our employ as Superintendent of our mines in Allegany Co., Maryland. During that time you have erected new machin- ery and otherwise improved our works, all of which has been done to our satisfaction. " We regret that the state of the coal trade at present is such that it is not advisable for us to mine, and that the salary we offer you while standing idle is not worth your remaining with us. " It is with regret we part with you, and we take pleasure in recommending you to any person or company who may want an honest, reliable, skilful man. " With the kindest wishes for your future happiness and prosperity, "I am, Yours respectfully, "DAVID D. VOORHEES, President." The following letter from Mr. Patrick, the Superintendent of the Macan Mines, will serve to show his opinion of the property and of the prospect of working the mines with profit : " Macan Mines, 5th June, 1863. "Dear Sir, " I would have written you sooner but expected to have the large vein of coal opened on the west side of the fault before I wrote. I expect we will bd down to the coal ,< i 12 within two or three days, but it will take at least a week to get to the bottom, as the vein including the fireclay in the middle is about 10 feet thick. Have got the pit down about 12 feet und expect to get the coal in about 4 or 5 feet more, so that the pit to the bottom of tiie coal will be about 25 feet, nearly level with our old mine, then, by driving a mine about 30 feet through the fault to our old mine, it will drain itself without a pump, which will be a great saving in the cost of raising the coal. This vein is allowed to be lietter than the Ilebert or the Lawrence vein, but I think inferior to the vein down the brook where we were working last winter, which I am confident is the best vein in this coal basin. " I have been engaged in the mining business since a boy, practically and experimentally, and I think it is rare to find a better prospecv for a capitalist to invest money profitably in the coal mining business than tlie Macan Mines, as can easily l)e seen l)y visiting them. All it wants is capital and proper management to make money. " Please find enclosed an analysis [in the first part of this report] of the river Hebert coals by A. A. Hayes and ii. Foulis. It may be of service as we have the same veins." In a subsequent letter Mr. Patrick writes, " We have struck the upper vein of coal (10 feet vein) in the mine about 24 feet north of the pit, so we have reason to believe that a short time will ])ring us to the 3 feet vein which lies immediately under the one we are into now, on the east side of the fault. I will endeavor to have the work driven ahead as expeditiously and economically as possible." In another letter he says, " I have found a vein of 20 inches of good coal 100 feet north of the 2 feet vein." These veins are in addition to other veins on the property, which make it appear to be a large coal bed. 13 Mr. Patrick having, from his long experience aa Superinten- dent of the great mines in Maryland, a thorough knowledge of the requirements for working a first class mine most skil- ftilly and profitably, and knowing perfectly this mine and the force o*" men required, and tlie price of labor, and having ascertained at St. John the cost of engine, rails for road, tools, &c., at that place, makes the following estimate of ex- penses, calculating the price of machinery and of labor at maximum rates and the result of coal product per man at minimum estimate. "To make this a first rate and permanent investment I would sink the slope about 250 feet ftirther, which would cost about $2 per foot, Engine 20 horse power, House and fixtures for engine. Force pump and fixtures, ... 30 small wagons anci whirleys, - 850 feet chain, Smith shop and fixtures, ... House for coal in winter, ... 10 double houses for 20 families. 22 tons T rail for railroad, 1400 sleepers for railroad. Grading and laying road, ... 10 two-ton cars from mine to wharf, 3 horses, barn, horse, wagon and harness, Wharf, tools, ..... Right of way and land for railroad. About 10 per cent, for extras. 500. 1600. 400. 300. 300. 50. 100. 200. 2000. 1320. 84. 500. 300. 400. 600. 500. 900. $10,054 14 " It will require about fe - I '! I 60 Minors to raise 100 tons per day, at 81.50 each, 75.00 2 KouilHiiu'i), «1. 2.00 2 Banksnion, «1. 2.00 1 En<rinc'er, 1.00 1 Smith. 1.50 1 Ilelppr, 1.00 3 Drivers, •1. « 3.00 1 Wi'iglicr, 1.00 3 Horses, .50 c." 1.60 100 Props per day for niinu, .03 " 3.00 Oil ami extras, 6.00 896.00 " You see according to my calculation it will cost about 810,000 to complete these works for raising and shipping from 100 to 150 tons of coal u day. The mine and machinery will be ample for 150 tons if wanted, and would require a few more minors, but would make very little ditt'erencc in the expense any other way. " I think I have made all my calculations as high as they can go, so that you have the worst." Multiplying Mr. Patrick's figures in the ratio at which the Company intend to work, it is seen that 1000 tons per diem cost 8960. 1000 " " " at 83. realize 3000. Each day's profit, 82040. pi. It !h, 7.V00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.50 1.00 3.00 1.00 1.50 3.00 5.00 »96.00 1 cost about and shipping nd machinery require a few -Tcnce in the high as they at which the $960. 3000. 62040. BY-LAWS or TUB MAC AN (;()AL COMPANY. ARTICLE I. The Annual Meeting of the Stociiholders of the Macan Coal Company shall be held in the City of Boston on the second Monday of Jidy, in each year, at such time and place as the Directors shall appoint, and such meetings may be adjourned from time to time and place to place, without publishing or giving further notice. ARTICLE II. The officers of the Companj' shall be seven Directors, a President, a Treasurer, and a Clerk. The Directors, Treasurer and Clerk shall be chosen by the Stockholders at their first meeting, and thereafter at the annual meetings of the Company' and shall continue in otHce until the next succeeding annual meeting, or until others are chosen and accept in their stead. 16 The PrcBldont shall be chosen by the Hoard of Dircctois, from one of tlicir niimber, ftt their first meeting nftcr election, or at some adjournment thereof; and, ♦b'Tcafte , at their first meeting next succeeding the annual meeting tf the Company. ARTICLE III. It shall be the duty of the President to preside at all meetings of the Company, and of the Directors ; and in Luo event of his absence, resignation, or inability, a Trci^idont, pro tempore may be appointed. ARTICLE IV. The Treasurer shall have the custody of all monies, valuable papers, liooks, and accounts of the Company, subject at all times to the inspection and control of the Directors ; he shall pay out money, taking suitable vouchers therefor, and give or negotiate such notes or bills of exchange, for such amounts and at s^uch times, as the business of the Company may requirt.", and the Directors may order, but for no other purpose ; and he shall or may endorse notes, checks or bills of exchange received by the Company in the prosecution of their business, making careftil record thereof in the books of the Company. He shall record all transfers of stock and shall cancel, and careftiUy preserve certificates of all stock transferred; and he shall perform all duties pertaining to the office of Treasurer. He shall give a bond, with sureties, satisfactorj' to the Direct<^vs, foi' the falthAil performance of his duties in the penal siuii c'' ♦en tho. aad dollars ($10,000.) •* 17 ARTICLE V. The Clerk shall keep a record of the proceedings and doings of the Company, and of the Directors, at their meetings. In the event of his absence, or iuahiUty, a Clerk, ;^ro tempore, may be chosen. ARTICLE VI. The Corporate Seal shall be a circle, on which shall be borne the name of the Company, and the year of it& organ- ization, 18G3, of which seal the Treasurer shall have the custody. ARTICLE VII. The Directors shall have the general supervision and control of the affairs of the Company. They shall hold their first meeting upon due notice being given l)y the Clerk of said Company, and thereafter shall meet at such times and places as they shall deem needftd and convenient. The Clerk shall notify meetings of the Directors upon the request of any two of their number, by gi\'iig written or printed notice of the time and place thereof to each Director. The Directors may appoint such agents or superintendents as they may deem best, and they may make arrangements for the com- pensation of the Treasurer, Agent, or any other person employed by the Company, in such way and manner'as they shall deem best. The Directors shall, from time to time, order such division of the profits of the Company, as they may think advisable ; and, at any of their meetings, foui" Directors shall constitute a quonim for the transaction of business. 18 ARTICLE VIII. Each holder of Stock shall be entitled to a certificate, or certificates, of his or their shares therein, upon the ftiU payment of the par value of each share, sealed with the Seal of the Company, signed by the Treasurer, and countersigned by the President, in the following form : No. -Shares. MACAN COAL COMPANY. 0IU;AXIZED UNDEU the (IENEKAL statutes of MASSACHUSETTS. This certifies that- -of- -is entitled to Company. -Sliares in the Capital Stock of the Macan Coal this- Capital Stock 8200,000. Witness the Seal of the Company at Boston -day of A. D. 18— Shares 6100 each. » Seal of i -President. ) the Company. ( -Treasurer. On tlie reverse of which certificate shall be the following transfer, namely : For value received liereby sell and transfer to of , Shares in the Macan Coal Company, numbered , dated the day of , A. D. 18—. \ f*"q #-«t-' 19 ARTICLE IX. Special meetings of tlic Company may be oidei'ccl by tlie Directors at such time or times as they shall deem best, and they shall order the same to be called on the written application of persons owning one fifth in value of the shares of said Company, all which meetings sliall be hold at such time and place as tlio Directors shall order, in llic City of Boston, and the Clerk shall give notice of the time and place of every annual and special meeting by depositing a written or printed notice in the Post Office in Boston, (postage prepaid) to the address of each Stockholder, according to the stock record, or by publication in some newspaper printed in the city of Boston, in either mode at least seven daj's previous to the time specified for holding sucli meeting. The Clerk shall recoril the date on which he so deposits or publishes such notice, upon tlie record book of tlie Company and such record sliall be conclusive evidence of the fact. At any annual or special meeting of the Company, persons or corporations holding, or representing, one eighth part in number of the shares of the said Company shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. ARTICLE X. The capital stock of this Company shall be $200,000 divided into two thousand shares at a par value of one hundred dollars for each share. '*-fo; 20 ARTICLE XI. These By-Laws may be altered or amended at any annual meeting of the Company, or at any special meetinjj, in the call for which notice is given that an alteration or amend- ment of the By-Laws will be proposed. rr 4