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 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 6 
 
-" 
 
 I 
 
L 
 
 HISTORY 
 
 MICHIGAN 
 
 ■''HUM ITN 
 
 SKTTI.KMKNT i:V THK FKKNCir 
 
 TO THK 
 
 OF TM (!0Eeil-8T0IE 
 
 "K TIIK 
 
 NI':W CAl'ITO,,. OCT .MKR .„, .S;, 
 
 l''> Wimil ,H .M>I>KI) 
 
 A list u.- „.e P.-.ncipal onicePs of .Me Unuoa Slates -he S, . 
 
 Ornoe.. ana St.,e Boa... .. Mie..«a.. an.urMe: '"^ 
 
 '>er.3 or iho Lenielaiures of ,87. and ISTa- nNo 
 
 - l.^t or Newspapers „,ul PeriodicnL 
 
 Pi'bUehed in Uxo. State. 
 
 CO.MlMl.r.l) ]iv 
 1873- 
 
I I 
 
 ^1- H: 
 
 Compiled under a resolution of the Committeo of Arrangemonta ; 
 the original copy, enrolled upon parcliment, was deiiosited in tUo 
 Corner -Stone. 
 
 •y 
 
FBEFAOE 
 
 tm'"'' l"-«l»'™ti«» of .. history, e,nbracin„ the 
 m- '""'' '■"'P'"'*'"'* -^^n'^, ehanges in govern- 
 ^ met, etc., from tlm first settlement of Michi- 
 gau to the present time, is an .mdertaking involving, 
 no small amount of labor and patient research" 
 Among the various histories of the State, published 
 from time to time, few are accurate and reliable- 
 many conflicting statements are fonnd in regard to' 
 ■mportant events. The compiler of this history has 
 ^a.-efnlly examine,! all the best authorities now to 
 he found; and especially i„ fte preparation of sta- 
 tat,cs, has relied only upon official information 
 Much that is valuable l,as been gleaned fron. 
 Bancroft's History of the United States, Shel- 
 ■Ion s Eariy History of Michigan, the Discourses 
 of Lewis Cass and others before the Michigan 
 H.sto„cal Society, Lanman's History „f Mich, 
 gan, McMuUen', History of Canada," Miles' Hi, 
 tory of Canada, and Bouchette's British Dominions 
 
I 
 
 If 
 
 I 
 
 58 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 4 
 
 The account of the noble record of Michigan 
 (luring the rehellion from IHOl to 1865, in condensed 
 from the very able re})ort of Brigadier General 
 John Robertson, Adjutant General of the State. 
 The statements of population are from the official 
 records of the Secretary of State and the United 
 States Census Bureau, and other statistics are 
 obtained from the reports of State officers. The 
 compiler makes no claim to originality in the history 
 here produced ; his only aim has been to condense 
 from the writings of others, a concise statement, 
 showing the early condition and rapid advancement 
 to the glorious position now occupied by the 
 Peninsula State. 
 
ttlSTOfiy Of MICttJGAN. 
 
 flOIIiaAN derives its „„„,<> f„„, „„ i„j,„,, ^^,^^^^ 
 
 ^^ Gn.„t Lake," or ..Lake Oo„„tr,," a „ame pecu- 
 Lariy a,„™,„ia,, f„,„ ,^^ j,„^,,._^__ .^ ^_^^ 
 
 avmg Lake Suporior f„,. it, „„,,he„, t„„„,„,,. Z^,^; 
 
 hno St. (!lair, and Huron on the east, and Lake Michigan 
 
 onthewost. The extent of its domain is =„,,« ,„„„ 
 
 Previons to tl,e jea,. 10«, the territory now embraced 
 w..hn, the ,™,ts of the State, .as inhabited on,y by the red 
 
 .-Mhoash Detroit, as far back as the , ear ,C.O, then an 
 ndian v,l ago, was the resort of the French missionaries. I„ 
 «33, a plan for the establishment of missions in "New 
 ranee was formed, bnt as the French, in co„se„„ence of 
 
 ,t. Of the Mohawks, were „c,nded from Ihenavi. 
 »at,on f le waters of Lakes Ontario and Erie, their onlv 
 e„„e to the West was the Ottawa River, through which in 
 thoyear 1041, the flrst bark canoe laden with Pr!,ch J™ i 
 w. paddied to the Fa„s of S, Mar,, which the, re.: ' 
 ter a „av,gat,on of seventeen da„. Charles Rajmban.t, the 
 m,ss,o„ar, to the tribes of Michigan, returned in the 
 jear 16«, to Quebec, in consequence of declining health. 
 
 ■ 
 
«0 
 
 IILSTORY Ob' MIC'JIIGAN. 
 
 Thus, at this early period, the French advanced their mis- 
 sionary posts beyond the shores of Lake Huron, and to tho 
 outlet of Lake Superior. 
 
 The first gottlemont commenced by Europeans within the 
 boundaries of Michigan, was the mission of St. Mary, which 
 was established in the year 1G(J8, by Allouez, Claude Dablon, 
 and James Marquette. In May, 1G71, a Congress of French 
 soldiers, and chiefs from fourteen of the Indian tribes of the 
 Northwest, was convened at the Falls of St. Mary, called by 
 Nicholas Perrott, an agent of the French government, at 
 which time and place a cross and a cedar post, bearing upon 
 a shield the French lilies, was raised, — the lands formally 
 taken posse,';sioti of by M. de Lusson, and the savages were 
 informed that they were under the protection of the French 
 King. 
 
 The death of Marquette, on the 18th day of May, 1675, is 
 thus recorded by Bancroft: "In sailing from Chicago to 
 Mackinac, he cntei'ed a little river in Michigan; erecting an 
 altar, he said mass, after the rites of tho Catholic church ; 
 then begging the men who conducted his canoe to leave 
 him alone for half an hour, — 
 
 ' In the darkling wood, 
 Amid the cnol and silence, he knelt down 
 And offered to the Mightiest, solemn tlianks 
 And supplications.' 
 
 At the end of half an hour they went to seek him and ho was 
 no more. The good missionary, discoverer of a world, had 
 fallen asleep on the margin of a stream that bears his name. 
 Near the mouth, the voyagers dug his grave in the sand." 
 Michilimackinack (now Avritten Mackinac, or Mackinaw), 
 
msTonv OF MwmaAK 
 
 61 
 
 ».«„„„ of IH„ oldest fortscToCo.,. n,ro„,..,„ti„„„,,.„ 
 f U..ro„, ,„ „„ko „ .eU,o,„o„t „. t,,,^ „,„„, „, „ „, „ J 
 
 "" "7" '"'"'° "' "*»"• •» 'he Fa.„c,. „.u » „,„. aire 
 
 D iro, „.„. regarded alike b, ,„e Fre„eh „„d E„g|ii, „, ,. 
 
 for . s c,,„,s,l,„„. A grand e„„„eil ,,,,3 oalled, whid, oon- 
 
 ve.ed at Mcereal, „„d wa, oon,p„aed of el,ief« of »„„ ,,.,,ou, 
 
 ..-.be. rr„„ ho ,S.. r..re„ce to t„e Mi.i3.ppi, tbc Ooverno : 
 
 S-ral of Canada. a„d the n,„3tpr„,„i„„,e.„,^„,„„°, 
 
 co„„tr,. T„i3 o„„„ei, U described ,y Preneh Ltoria,, 
 a, te n,„3t „,„„o„„3 „„„ i,„p„„„^ „^^^^^, ^^^^ > 
 
 a.o„„d o,,e co„„eiI Are. I„ .he month of Jnne, 170,. Mo.,3 
 XIV left Montreal ■„ company with a h„„dred men and a 
 
 ^^sbmcat of a colon,, „„d reached netroit in the month of 
 
 ''Here, then, commences the history of Detroit, and with it 
 .1. history of the Peninsnla of Michigan. „„w „nn,ero„s 
 ...'U.>er3,„ec, are the incidents co.oprcssed within the pe M 
 
 se ," 0';'""; .'■" '''" '•" "■" ^'""''' *«™ »'-nts snch 
 
 ftce.ng, a, the, ocenrred, its progress and prosperity. Five 
 
 ..os^ts ag has changed, three di.erent sovereigntl ha e 
 
 d«.m«l ,t3 allegnmce, and since it has been held b. the 
 
 tl-ted States, iu government has bee,, thrice transfilu 
 
V 
 
 
 m 
 
 msroRV OF MwniQAN. 
 
 twico it bus bceii besieged by tbo liuliaii!?. once captured in 
 wur, and once bnrned to tbc f>;rouud."* 
 
 On t!)e l.'Uh of September, 17r)l), a buttle occurred between 
 tbo Krenob under (Jen. Mo itcivlm and tbo Britisb army 
 under Oen. Wolfe, on tbo bunks of tbe St. liuwrence, result- 
 ing in the defeat of tbo former, and tbe (;upitubition of 
 Quebec on tbe IHtb, to (fen. Murruy, wbo was successor in 
 command to (ion. Wolfe, wbo fell in tbo engiigement ; and on 
 the 8tb of September, 17<;0, the Froncb surrendered to the 
 crown of England, Detroit, Micbilimaci<inac, and all otber 
 l^laces within tbo government of Canada tben remaining in 
 tbe posijession of France. Tbia action was ratified by tbe 
 •• Treaty of Paris," February lOtb, 17G3. 
 
 Ill tbe year ITia silver was discovered upon tbe shore of 
 Lake Huron by a Russian named Norburg. 
 
 In Wi?> a project Avas commenced for working the copper 
 mines of Lake Superior, and a company was formed for that 
 purpose, under a charter granted in England. 
 
 Tbe struggle for independence under the American Revolu- 
 tion was enacted without the bounds of Michigan. The peo- 
 ple of Canada, within which Michigan was then included, 
 were removed from the immediate causes of the war. The 
 result of tbo Revolution was tbe recognition of our inde- 
 pendence. 
 
 "By the 'treaty of iieace" made at Versailles in 1783, 
 between Great Britain and the United States, it was claimed 
 that Michigan was within American bounds, but minor ques- 
 tions sprung up between the two governments, producing 
 mutual dissatisfaction ; and when President Washington sent 
 
 ♦Cans' d.iscourao. 
 
msTOU) ot' MWmUAN. 
 
 A8 
 
 le captured in 
 
 the shore of 
 
 lev of 11,0 N„rll,wo.lor„ foKa, he was i„f„,.„,„.| , .,,.,. j,,.„,^^ 
 iok ll.lm,„a,,,l (l,„t the. surrondor of ,h„ r„,e, „,„,, „„, ^ 
 
 n? «.. ordinance of the ,o„g,o« .„. ,„o ,-„Hed .s,„™ 
 
 irndod Stale, Iv,,,^ „„rth,vert of ,he Ohio river, H,c„ri, »lil| 
 occupied hv, ho Bri,i,,,™ „,,,,„;,,, „,,^.,^.^_.^^^.^^^ 
 
 rerntorv, of „l,icl, „„,. Arthur «. Clair ,v„, „pp„,.„,„, 
 (iovcrnor. ' ' 
 
 The ordinance of ,;k: provide., that there .hall be 
 appomte,., fro„ ,in,e to thne. by Congro,., a (Jovcrnor, „ 
 becrelary, and three Judge,, who .hould be resident, and free- 
 
 '""'"•' "" "'° '"-"'"O- It further provide, that the 
 
 orrrtory ,l,ould he divided into not le„ thau three, nor more. 
 ll.an Ave State... and that " there .hall bo neither slavery nor 
 voluntary .servitude in the ,aid territory. „tl,erwi,e than in 
 the punisliment of crimes." 
 
 In pursuance of the treaty of .November J.Jth, 1504. Oan. 
 
 la". Porter, in the beginning of ,T„„e, !„„,,,,„, „ j„ J. 
 
 men of American troops, took possession of Detroit, entered 
 
 he tort which the Uritisl, had previously evacuated, and 
 
 m.ng to the breeze the first American fiag that ever tloated 
 
 over the sod of the Peninsula State. 
 
 Bj «n act of Congress, approved .May ;th, mu, the terri- 
 <ory northwest of the Ohio Kiver. was divided into two sepa- 
 .■ato t^tories, and .■„„ that part of the territory of he 
 Un,ted States, northwest of the Ohio Kiver, Which lies to the 
 
 'ShOdon-a Early HUtory of Michigan. 
 
C,4 
 
 ITISrORY OF MICIIIGAX. 
 
 ill 
 
 westward of u line beginning at the Ohio, opposite to the 
 mouth of the Kentucky River, and running thence to For 
 "Recovery, and thence north until it shall intersect the ter- 
 ritorial line between the United States and Canada," was 
 constituted a separate territory, to be caHed the "Indiana 
 Territory," the scat of government of which Mas established 
 at Saint Vinccnnes, Chilicothe being the seat of government 
 of the Northwest Territory. Of this Territory (Indiana), 
 General William Henry Ilarrisou was appointed Governor. 
 
 By an act of Congress, approved January 11, 1805, it was 
 provided, '* that from and after the thirtieth day of June of 
 that year, all that part of Indiana Territory', which lies north 
 of a line drawn cast from the southerly bend, or extreme, of 
 Lake Michigan, until it shall intersect Lake Erie, and east 
 of a line drawn from the said southerly bend, through the 
 middle of said lake to its northern extremity, and thence due 
 uorth to the northern boundary of the United States, shall 
 constitute a separate Territory, and be called Michigan." 
 
 The act further provides that the Territory shall have the 
 same form of government as provided by the ordinance of 
 178T, that the Governor, Secretary, and Judges shall be 
 appointed by the President of the United States, and that 
 Detroit shall be the seat of government. 
 
 On July 1, 1805, General William Hull, the newly a2-)pointed 
 Governor, assumed the duties of his office at Detroit. On 
 the 11th of June previous, Detroit had been destroyed by fire. 
 Like most of the frontier settlements, it had been compressed 
 within a very small compass, — the streets scarcely exceeding 
 the breadth of common alleys. Gen. Hull at once turned 
 his attention to the subject, and laid out the town in its pro 
 
IfTSTOUr OF MIVIIIGAK 
 
 65 
 
 sent shape. H-e an-angon,ent of .hieh is attribntod to Jud^e 
 AVoodvvard, one of the pioneers of the Territorial Court 
 
 On the 18th of June, 1812 wn- «•... i i i , 
 . , ,, ' ' ^^*'^ ^^"-^ declared by Conffrews 
 
 e „ec.,u.a ,o„ of „,,, „enen.l Willi™ H„ll, <J„v„.„o,. „,■ 
 - .c .ga,. le..„tory, w„. „pp„i„„., Co™.,,,,.,,,,,,.^,,,^ „,- 
 all the forces of the Xorthwcst. 
 
 0„ .he 0.L of J„„, ,„;„„„ .,,^^, „, ^^.^,^,_,^ 
 Sec..ei,„.v 01 M. ,■, to p..ocoo.l ,virt, hi. a,™, „„,, ,„ko ,,0,- 
 .«s,o„ of .Malde,,, (which >.. tho koy to that portion of ,„; 
 _«r.u,hp..„vi„co,), if consistent with tho safol, of his postl 
 Ihe sa„.,son ,vas ,voak, and soon.cl an easy con,,„e„. Hav- 
 ing arranyecl for the expedition, «o„. II„„ e,ossecl the Detroit 
 
 .™.„„thetMhda,ofJ„,,„,,ae„ea„,peaat.„„a„,eh. 
 »he the army „.„,a:ne.l in a .tate of inaolivitv for nearly a 
 .» 1.. when, intimidated „y the hostile tnanifestations „r 
 ll.e lnd,ans,and the report that a large lirilish ,-„r™ ,v„„,d 
 - .-nve at .lauien, „,,hont having n,ade an attael. h 
 ■oerosse ther,vertoDetroit,„n.h=Oth„fAngnst,,vherhe 
 ™.a,ned„„,;,thet.,ti,thedayofhising.orio„ss„rrend!r 
 Aprov,s,enal government was established hy tho British, a,' 
 
 lo™.,andasn,anforceplaeedin,l,o,.W,. On tho 1 
 epte,„eM.,. he Victory Of c„,„n.„d„ret.err, 
 
 cnt .jth ot tlio same month Detroit w.. 
 ■-!.. hyadetaehn,ent„ftl,ear„,y„f,,,„.„„„,„„;-^ 
 
 ""Ootoher „th, ,8,3, Ooh Uwi, Cass, who had rendered 
 
 t'ssentiul service to tho T.,.,.;f ^<-naeiea 
 
 .uicnigan. Congress, u ihn vo-n- i«o'j i 
 
 for tl.P n.f ir , ^ ' ^^' "" ''^^ providing 
 
 '<>• the establislimont of a Lerri,i.,fi,.p r-n, •. • 
 
 .'i '^>rtisiati\o ( ouncil, invested the 
 
66 
 
 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 im 
 
 Territory with a more euergetic and compact government. 
 The Council Avas to consist of nine members, to be appointed 
 by the President of the United States, with the consent of the 
 Senate, from eighteen candidates elected by the people of the 
 Territory. They, with the Governor, Avere invested with the 
 same powers which had been granted by the ordinance of 1787 
 to the government of the Northwest Territor}-. By that act 
 the legislative power of the Uovernor and Jndges was taken 
 away, the term of Judicial office Avas limited to four years, 
 and eligibility to office required the same qualifications as the 
 right of suffrage. The first Legislative Council of Michigan 
 convened on the 7th of June, 1824, at Detroit. 
 
 In 1831, Gen. Cass having been appointed Secretary of War, 
 he was succeeded by George B. Porter in the government of 
 the Territory. During his administration, Wisconsin, which 
 had before been annexed to Michigan, was erected into a 
 separate Territory. 
 
 On the 6th of July, 183*, Governor Porter died, and was 
 succeeded by Stevens T. Mason. 
 
 In the spring of 1835, a controversy arose in regard to the 
 boundary line between Michigan and Ohio, and the right to 
 a valuable strip of land, to which both laid claim ; the former 
 under the provisions of the Ordinance of 1787, and the latter 
 under a provision in their State (institution. Each party 
 sent a military force to the frontier, — the one to sustai. , and 
 the other to extend jurisdiction over the territory in dispute. 
 A high state of excited public feeling existed, but the most 
 serious inconvenience suffered by either party was the appre- 
 hension and temporary imprisonment of a few persons. By 
 an act of Congress, passed June 15th, 1836, the Constitution 
 
msTour OF MicmoAN. 
 
 67 
 
 ied, and was 
 
 and State Government of Michigan were accepted, and „„o„ 
 oo„d,t„n of accepting the boundary claimed by Ohio, she wa, 
 admitted into flic Union The™. ".snewas 
 
 ""■ ^"™ '"™s «ere exceedingly 
 ..nsaWaetory to the people of Michigan, .ho wore im" 
 t.e„ ., a„.t,„g recognition as a State government, having 
 elected the„. State oMcers in the month of October of the pre 
 voasjear. A convention held at Ann Arbor on the 14th 
 and I.th of December, 1830, resolved to accept the condi o! 
 -posed ,„ the proposition „, Congress, at the same tin 
 protestmg aga.nst the right of Congress, nnder the oonstitn- 
 t.on. ,„re,„,re this preliminaryassent asa condition of admis- 
 sion into the Union. 
 
 B, act of Congress, approved January iicih, 1837, Michigan 
 
 was eclared.. to be one or the United State, an:, admitt 
 ■nto he un,en on an equal footing with the original States, 
 in all respects whatever." •""Wtes, 
 
 By an act of the Legislatu... approved March ICth. 1847 
 the seat of ffoverrmpnf ,.r„„ , ' '«. 
 
 Lansing. " ""'°™' ''"^ ^'^'"'^ '« 
 
 !■!>» Constitution adopted by Michigan in 183o, and under 
 »h i, her e.,stence as a State commenced, continued in force 
 """' ■""'""> «'■»'- W51, at which time the Constitution 
 reported by .he Convention of 1850, and ratified .7t 
 1*. at the general election in that year, went into * and 
 -r^nnes to the present time, as the Constitution Of ::! 
 
 Apnl ^Ith provKled for the appointment by the Governor of 
 .Ce,nm,ss,o„ to consist of two persons from each Conge 
 -onal D,str,ct ,u the State, in „„, eighteen members, fof the 
 
•68 
 
 HISTORY OF MICUIOAN. 
 
 m 
 
 «■' 
 
 purpose of revising the Constitution, and reporting to the 
 Legislature, at its next session, "such amendments, or such 
 revision to the Constitution, as in their judgment may be 
 necessary for the best interests of the State and the people." 
 The Governor appointed the following named persons to 
 constitute the Commission : 
 1st District — Ashley Pond, . . 
 ■> Elijah W. Meddaugh, 
 
 2d District— Edwik Willits, 
 
 Sullivan M. Cutcheon, 
 3d District — Charles Upsox, 
 
 Isaac M. Crane, 
 4th District— IIezekiah G. Wells, 
 
 Henry H. Kiley, 
 .■)th District— Solomon L. Withey, . 
 
 Lyman G. Mason,* . 
 fith District — Ira D. Crouse, 
 
 Lysander Woodward, 
 i'th District— John Divine, 
 
 Edwin W. Giddings, 
 Sth District— David H. Jerome, 
 
 HeRSOHEL H. IlATf'H, 
 
 0th District — Seth C. Moffatt, 
 
 James E. Devereaux, 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 . Monroe. 
 
 . Ypsilanti. 
 
 Coldwater. 
 
 Eaton Eapids. 
 
 Kalamazoo. 
 
 . Constantiue. 
 
 Grand llapids. 
 
 Muskegon. 
 
 . Ilartland. 
 
 Rochester. 
 
 . Lexington. 
 
 . Eomeo. 
 
 Saginaw. 
 
 Bay City. 
 
 . Xorthport. 
 
 Marquette. 
 
 The Commission convened in the Senate Chamber at the 
 city of Lansing, on Wednesday, August 27th, and organized 
 by the election of Sullivan M. Cutcheon Chairman, and 
 Henry S. Clubb Secretary. At the time of closing this his- 
 tory, it is still in session. 
 
 J] 
 
 * Rosisiied. anrt <iicc'ocdc:l by Wii.t.iam M. Fcniir of Orand Haven. 
 
UlSTOUY OF MICHIGAN'. 
 
 69^ 
 
 MICHIGAN DURING THE REBELLION. 
 
 
 0„ ho I«h „f April, ,86,, the „e>„ „™ .,eei,,<, i„ M.ch- 
 ^,a„ that cm. „„ had ^eou i.a„g„™W. b, ,he .be, 
 
 the fCowmg day a ™eoH„g „,s I,o,d i„ Dot,.it, ae „.„ic 
 ..so ut,„ „,,„ ,,„^„„,^ ^^^,,_^.^^.^^ ^^_^ Beb ni„; 
 pledging this commnnify to "stand br the C. 
 
 las . By tl>o foIlow„,g Monday (April l,,u„, ^,„„ ,„^ 
 su,-re„de.. of the So„th Carolina fortress was know thi g 
 out the land, and the eall of the' President „f ,. T 
 
 -OS for «,„„„ .,„,„, ,, beern:;:!::: 
 
 .Sialo™ ahve to the enrergencies and dnties of the o 
 :'"" '"' "'■™'"« °f '■" m* was n„i™.sa,. P„h,ie e ' 
 ".«3 were held in the principal eities and to.ns; pwrof 
 ass,s.anoetothe nation in its honr of peri, wer Ldf nd 
 >olnnteenng commeneed vigoronsly. 
 
 On April 10th, Governor Iflair arrived nt n , •. 
 snlled With a n„,nbor of eiti.en. Til, IT ""' ™"- 
 "Pon .0 rnrnish in,„ediate,y ;; ' c:: : ""™° ^*^ 
 one Infantry Heginrent, f„„y armed cLtW T""'"'' 
 
 0.n.ingthesa„.edayaproe,:„ati„n;t Itrr" 
 ™«. ea„ing for ten companies of vo.nntoers. o' ^^Zl 
 ti.c Governor issned a l>roclamati„„, oonvenin, (/! 
 ture in extra session on May 7t,, ^ ^'«'"''- 
 
 0- .. ^eivojs::::- 1~-- 
 
70 
 
 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 various companies ordered to assemble tiiere immediately. 
 The "Coldwater Battery" was authorized, and rapidly 
 recruited. On the 2d of May the companies of the First Reg- 
 iment were mustered into service, and three other regiments 
 had been formed. The Legislature convened on the 7th, and 
 within fonr days authorized a war loan of one million dollars, 
 and empowered the Governor to raise ten regiments. 
 
 On May 13th, the First Eegiment left for the seat of war, 
 fully armed and equipped; the organization of regiments, 
 authorized by the J legislature, Avas rapidly pushed forward, and 
 the requisitions for men promptly met. In January, 1862, 
 the Legislature was again convened in extra session, and the 
 following Joint Kesolutiou was adopted: 
 
 "Wherkas, The Government of the United States is 
 engaged in putting down a causeless and wicked rebellion 
 against its authority and sovereignty, inaugurated by ambi- 
 tious men to obtain political power, — a Government, the safety 
 and perpetuity of which must ever rest upon the loyalty of 
 its citizens, and an adherence to the Constitution ; 
 
 "And Whereas, The welfare of mankind, and the useful- 
 ness and power of the nation, are involved in the events and 
 issues of the present conflict; therefore, be it 
 
 " Resolved, That Michigan, loyal to herself and to the Fed- 
 eral Government, re-affirms her undying hostility to traitors, 
 her abiding love for freedom, and her confidence in the 
 wisdom and patriotism of the National Administration. 
 
 "Resolved, That the people of Michigan deem it the impera- 
 tive duty of the Government to speedily put down all insur- 
 rection against its authority and sovereignty, by the use of 
 every Constitutional means, and by the employment of every 
 
inSTOItY OF MIGUIOA^, 
 
 71 
 
 energy it possease.; that Michigan stands tirm in her c^eter 
 mination to sustain, by n,en and treasure, the Constitution 
 and the Union, and claims that the burden of loyal men 
 should be lightened as far as possible, by confiscating, to the 
 largest extent, the property of all insurrectionists; and that 
 as between the institution of slavery and the maintenance of 
 the Federal Government, Michigan does not hesitate to say 
 that m such emergency, slavery should bo swept from the 
 land, and our country maintained."' 
 
 How truly the sentiment of the people of Michigan was set 
 forth by their representatives in the State Legislature, the 
 future success in furnishing men and money for the defense 
 of the nation's honor, will abundantly testify. 
 
 From April, 18G1, to April, 1805, the entire period of the 
 war, the number of men enlisted and drafted, exclusive of 
 men who enlisted in regiments of other States, as shown bv 
 records of the Quartermaster General, was . 93 ^gi 
 
 Deducting from this aggregate the number of men ^ ' 
 commuting . . 
 
 ^ 1,982 
 
 Shows the number actually furnished and credited to 
 tne otate . 
 
 90 747 
 
 When it is remembered that the entire population of Mich- 
 igan in 18G4 was 803,745, and that 90,747 able-bodied men 
 took up arms in defense of the Union, the State may well be 
 proud of the record. Ko other State in the Union has given 
 to the defense of the nation a more patriotic, intelligent, and 
 moral body of men than those who composed the Michigan 
 regiments; not taken from the worthless and idle of lar^e 
 cUies. but mostly from the good and industrious vocations 
 of life. 
 
73 
 
 UI8T0RY OB' MWHIQAN. 
 
 The puyments during the war bj the Quartcrmastor-Uen- 
 eral, for bounties, premiums for recruits, and other war pur- 
 poses, amount to $2,784,408.00 ; the payments by counties, 
 cities, and townships for same purposes, amount to $10,173,- 
 ;j3G.79 ; the payments by counties for relief of soldiers' fami- 
 lies amount to l3,591,24S.l;i; making an tigfjregate of $10,- 
 548,99:.'.91, besides liberal appropriations by the State for the 
 relief of disabled and destitute soldier;;. 
 
 CASUALTIES OF THE WAI{. 
 
 The State of Michigan, gratefully realizing and duly appre- 
 ciating the noble sacrifice of life made by so many of her gal- 
 lant sons upon the altar of their country's liberty, who fell 
 while bravely contending for our national life, and honoring 
 the State; desiring to perpetuate their memory by inscribing 
 their names upon a roll of imperishable honor, to pass into 
 the future ay a bright and lasting record of their patriotism 
 and true devotion to American nationality and freedom, 
 worthy the highest and purest; veneration of their fellow- 
 countrymen for all coming time ; through her Legislature, by 
 a Joint Resolution, approved April 3d, 1869, caused che com- 
 pilation upon parchment, under the direction of Gen. John 
 Robertson. Adjutant General, of a "Roll of Honor" of Mich- 
 igan soldiers who fell in battle, or who died of wounds or of 
 disease. This roll is deposited in the State Library, and con- 
 tains the names of 357 commissioned officers, and 14,460 
 enlisted men,— a total of 14,823 men,— who fell in defense of 
 their nation's honor, from the year 1861 to 1865. 
 
innToRr Of MwimiAs. 
 
 73 
 
 INSTITUTIONS OF THE STATE. 
 
 EDUCATIONAL. 
 
 ""fT™"!"' of the Te,.,.ito..y of ,„„ U„iw states, Lt„. 
 
 ■OS. of h„ „vo.. o,„„.- a3o,„ea t,.t ..,.„•,,„„, „„„,;,,_ „ 
 
 l-uowMjo, l.c,„s „ocess.„.y to joo., gover„„o,U „„d tl, ,a 
 p.»os, of „,a„K.i„u, schools a,„, t,„ „,„,„ „, ,„„„.^.„^ ; 
 lorevcr bo ciiconrosocl.- 
 
 1'ra.y.uiY .SCHOOLS 
 By tl.c t.™,s of ,.„ „,,,i„,„„„ „f ^ 
 
 -egaM oti,o C,pos,„ of ,„,k,s i„ t„o woston tonuto ' 
 •as P-ovdo. ,„„t section „„„,te,.ed si.teen of eve., Z; 
 »inp s,.o,„d bo .sened fo,- tbe ,„„i„,e„a„«. „f ,^ Z. 
 Within such townsliip. -i-noojb 
 
 TheU.gi,slativoCo,„u.il of tbe Terrilo,,. i„ jg,. „„,,,^, 
 
 ---... .«,«.. .3. dec. j'::r:: 
 
 «T1.0 Legislat„..c shall enco,,,:,,., by all suitable n,ea„.. 
 
 ao „■.„„,„„„„ of ,-,„e„eot„aI, scientiiical. a„d ag.io.dt, ,' 
 
 -l.rove„,e„t. The p,.„ceeds of all laads that ha e te " 
 
 "■oaf.e..™ybo granted by the United .States to thi tato 
 
 «r the support of sobools, which shall hereafter be oM ! 
 
 <'..po-'edo,shallbea„dre™ai„aperpet„alf„„d,t :l 
 
74 
 
 niSTOHY OF MWUIOAK. 
 
 of which, together with the rents of all such unsold lands 
 shall he inviolahly appropriated to tho support of schools 
 throughout the State."' 
 
 The Bamo general provisions are retained in the present 
 (-onstitution, adopted in 1850. 
 
 The whole amount of primary school lands derived from 
 the reserve of the sixteenth section, and sold hy the State, to 
 the close of the fiscal year, 1872, as shown hy the records of 
 the State Land Office, is 019,804 5G-100 acres, leaving 401,751 
 22-100 acres unsold, Avith about 50,000 acres yet to he selected 
 and placed at the disposition of the State Land Office, on 
 account of sales Avhich had been made from sections numbered 
 sixteen, previous to the enactment by Congress of the ordi- 
 nance dedicating these lands to the primary school fund. 
 
 During the past ten years the amount c!" primary school 
 interest, apportioned to the several counties in the month of 
 May in each year, has ranged from forty-five to fifty cents for 
 each child between the ages of five and twenty years. In 
 1864 the nnmber of children Avas 272,007, and the amount 
 apportioned at fifty cents for each child $130,362.00. In 1873 
 the number of children was 400,002, and the amount appor- 
 tioned was $190,176.80, being fort^'-nine cents for each child 
 between the ages of five and twenty years. 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY. 
 
 In the year 1817, v/hen tho administration of the territorial 
 government was vested in a Governor and Judges, an act was 
 adopted, providing for the establishment of the University of 
 Michigan. 
 
 The first State Legislation in this direction was an act of 
 the Legislature, approved March 18, 1837, entitled "An act 
 
mSTOJiy ojr A//c'jff(f^y 
 
 75 
 
 1 the present 
 
 10 pmvide far the. orga„i..tio„ „„d g„v>.™„,e„t „,• ,^^ . „„. 
 verity of Michigan..- The objocl,, „, «, ,„lh iu ti,e act to" 
 .» "to p,-ovidc the inhabitant, of the .Stale „,th the means' of 
 acqumng a thoronjh k„„„,„„„ „f „„ ,„;„„, ,^^__^,^^^ 
 hleraturo, sccncc and the art,.- The act provides for the 
 government of the in.titntion, „„„ f„r „, .in,,,,, ,,, „,J 
 (U'partineiits, as follows, viz : 
 
 f'\ The department of literature, scionco, and the arts • 
 'Second, The department of law ; 
 r/iird, The department of medicine. 
 
 By an act approved March ^o, is37. the University was 
 located m the village of Ann Arbor 
 On September .0th. ,842, the collegiate department was 
 rst opened, and a preparatory school was also opened I 
 ho recepfou of such as might wish to qualify t Lmsel 
 to enter the University. '^mseuos 
 
 The Board of llewents in fi^:- . . 
 
 Jit^cnts ill their report in Januarv is^"- 
 
 announced the adoption of measures for the organizaiion of li 
 
 Mediea Department, by constituting three professorship 
 one each ,A„,,,„,^., ,,^^^^.^.^ ^^^^,^^^^ ^^^^^ . 
 
 Me ,ca Llunsprudence. At this time the number c"st,ule„t 
 m the department of literature was 38. 
 
 The number of students in the University at the close of 
 the year 1872, is as follows : ""^ 
 
 Department of Literature, Science, and the Arts 
 IJepartment of Medicine and Surgery, . ' ' 
 Department of Law. ..*'*' 
 
 476 
 337 
 331 
 
 Deduct forstudent counted in two departments 
 Total number of students 
 
 1164 
 1 
 
 1163 
 
lit 
 
 s 
 
 76 
 
 UIHTORY OF MWmOAN. 
 
 Connected with fcho University are a central bnilding, 347 
 feet in lenp;tl), for the dopiirtinent of arts and sciences; build- 
 ings for the dopartnients of hiw and medicine, a chemical 
 laboratory, and an astronomical observatory; besides buildings 
 for residences for the president and professors, the cost of all 
 of which Avas about *r>;j(., 000.00. 
 
 The grounds occupied by the University are Wi, acres in 
 extent. 
 
 The officers of the University, on the first of January, 1873, 
 were as follows : 
 James lirKUiLi, Anoell, LL. 1)., 
 
 nOAUl) or UKGENTS. 
 
 Hon. EuwAUl) C. Walkkk, . . . 
 
 lion. (iKOUOE WlLLARD, . 
 
 lion. Tjiojias I). Oilbeut, . 
 lion. lIiKA.u A. lUitT. . . . 
 lion. Joseph Estabhook, 
 Hon. JoxAS II. M('(}o\VAN, 
 
 Jlon. CLADIfS B. {.iKAXT, 
 
 Hon. CiiAULEs Ry.M). 
 
 . Presidenl. 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Battle Creek. 
 
 (Irand Rapids. 
 
 . Marquette. 
 
 Ypsilanti. 
 
 . Cold water. 
 
 Ann Arbor. 
 
 Adrian. 
 
 Henry D. Bennett, Esq., . . Secretary and Steward. 
 
 Hon. J. M. WiiEELEH, Treasurer. 
 
 Hon. Daniel B. Brigos, M. A., Supt. of Public Instruction. 
 
 THE NORMAL SCiiCor,. 
 
 The State Jsormal School is located at Vpsilanti, Avas 
 established by an act of the Legislature approved March 28th, 
 1849, and erected in 1851-2. 
 
iitsTonY OF MwmuAy. 
 
 77 
 
 suiuents in nttondiuico in the Normal 
 .lopartmont. in the ymv 1872, was «m follows • 
 .Vtalt', ... 
 Female. . 1«" 
 
 nr, 
 
 Total, ... — 
 
 I ho grou„dac.„„occoa witi, the i,„titutio„ m-e Ave acre, 
 M. «.e„t^ Th„ .,„i,ai„g, t«„ i„ ,„„b,, „„,, ^1,,^ 
 sand dollars. -^ 
 
 TI,o Scl,„„n, ,„„lor .1,0 „uu,„.„,„o„t ,.„j ji„,,i„„ „f ,^„ 
 ■Stoto Dcu-d „f Ed„eati„„. fcv. Jo,.,.,, Ksr.u„,„„K, M. A 
 rrincipal. "' 
 
 AORICULTirRAL COfJ.EQE. 
 
 The Vgricultnrul Collie is located about throe miles east 
 
 from to c:t, of Lansing, in the township of Meridian ; was 
 
 es^bhsh.1 by an act of the Legislature, approved February 
 
 Uth, 0. a.nl was opened for the reception of students in 
 
 "bout G.f4 acres, and embracing every variety of soil. Th! 
 
 nnm er of students in attendance on January 1st, .187.3, was 
 
 a« follows: Male, I07; female, 4 ; total, 131. 
 
 The value of the property, as ascertained by an inventory 
 on the 1st of December, 1875, is as follows : 
 Farm, G7(J)r acres, . 
 
 iJuildings, 
 
 Q, 1 „ . 110,500 00 
 
 Stock, farm unplements, furniture, library, etc., . 28,170 4.. 
 
 Total valuation, ...... ~-— 
 
 The college is under the supervision of the State Board of 
 ^finculture, which is composed of the following persons • 
 
78 
 
 jiTSTORY OF MicmaAA: 
 
 Hon. llEZEKiAn (1. Wells, Presidcnh . . Kalamazoo. 
 
 lion. Oramel IIosfori), Olivet. 
 
 Hon. J. Wehstek Guilds, Ypsilanti. 
 
 Hon. (J EORGE W. Phillips, . . . . . Eoineo. 
 
 Franklin Wells, Esq., Constantine. 
 
 A. S. Dyckman, Esq., ..... South Haven. 
 
 Hon. John J. Bag ley, (lovcrnor, ex officio. 
 
 Hon. T. C. Abbot, LL. D., President College, r.r officio. 
 
 William H. ]\rARSTON, Secrctai-v. 
 
 STATE PUBLIC SCHOOL. 
 The Legislature, in the session of 1860, passed a Joint Kes- 
 olution providing for the appointment by the Governor, of a 
 Commission, consisting of three persons, to examine into the 
 discipline and general management of the Penal, Reforma- 
 tory, and Charitable Institutions of the State, and to report 
 plans and recommendations for their improvement. In the 
 CAaminationsby the Commission, it was found that there were 
 contained in the poor-houses, a large number of children 
 of paupers and indigent people, whose condition was most 
 deplorable ; and they recommended that some system of State 
 agency should be adopted to receive these children, and pro- 
 vide for their moral and mental improvement, and thereby 
 enable them to fill, in the future, positions of usefulness and 
 "espectability. By an act of the Legislature, approved April 
 17, 18T1, Commissioners were provided for, to be appointed 
 by the Governor, to locate the "State Public School," and 
 to construct the necessary buildings. The City of Coldwater ■ 
 proposed to the Commissoners, in consideration of the School 
 being located at that cit\-, a donation of a tract containing 
 
msrORT OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 79 
 
 .w™t,-sovx.,, acre, of , and. v„,„oa „t «,000.00, a„d »85,000.00 
 
 *"'" ° ««' - ™.'i" tunCiug, e„„.„i„i„g 3.„„„, ,,„„,, „„„;, 
 roccp .on .-oo™. dicing „o„, ,a„„d,v, iitchen, etc. Wde: 
 "7""' :;" 7™^"- «"P-i.-tcnde„e; a,s„, seven .etage. 
 each capable of accommodating thirty clnMrco I„ .JS 
 to the land donated by the Citv of rj . . 
 
 -^ '""''"y »• toUwater, nine acres have 
 been pn..chased by the State, making in al,, a tract of thirt 
 
 7 -'- II- School wil, be ready for the recentio,, of h^ 
 <Iren, abont the first of January, 1874 
 The valne of the land, and bniidings ,vhe„ completed, will 
 
 l)e a Iiftle over $100,000.00. 
 
 The School is „„der the direction of the following fioard of 
 Commissioners; ""lu oi 
 
 Hon. Joirx J. Baolev, President. ..o^V.-.. 
 
 Hon. C.LKB D. R.^,,,,, s,,,,,,^^ ^^,^^ .^,^^^^^^^,^^ 
 
 lion. Charles E. Mickley. 
 Hon. Julius s. Barber. 
 
 CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 ASVLIM FOU THE INSANE. 
 The ..S3-lum ibr the Insan. is located in the vUh^ge of Kala- 
 -.00, and was established under an act of the LislZ 
 
 "PProved April 3. 1848. The erection oP . -n- °""*"''' 
 
 iiic election of buildings was com- 
 
8f6 
 
 sw 
 
 m\ 
 
 HISTORY OF MIGHIGAN. 
 
 mencecl in the year ISof. and the whole bnilding completed 
 in 18G9. 
 
 The erection of the "Asylum Extension" was authorized by 
 the Legislature by an act approved April 13, 1871 ; the work 
 of building commenced during the same month; the centre 
 and north wing are nearly completed, and the whole building 
 will probably be finished within a few months. 
 
 The Asylum was first opened for the reception and treat- 
 ment of insane patients on August 21), 1859. 
 
 The number of patients under treatment on January 1, 
 1873, was 313, and the whole number since the opening of the 
 Asylum 1,304. 
 The cost of buildings, land, fixtures, stock, 
 
 etc., Avas sJ42fJ,84G 48 
 
 Payments on account of the asylum extension to 
 
 Jan. 1,1873 . . . . . . . 123,614 27 
 
 Total cost to Jan. 1, 1873 . . . $549,460 75 
 The Asylum is under the direction of the following 
 
 HOAIUJ OF TIU'STKKS. 
 
 LuTUER H. TiiASK, Kalamazoo. 
 
 Charles T. Mitchell, Hillsdale. 
 
 William A. Tojilinson, .... Kalamazoo. 
 
 Joseph Gilmax, Paw Paw. 
 
 Joseph A. Buowx, M. D Detroit. 
 
 Edward 8. Lacey, Charlotte. 
 
 RESIDENT OFiaCERS. 
 
 E. H. Van Delsen, M. D., 
 
 CrEORGE C. PaLMER, M. D., 
 
 . Medical Superintendent. 
 Assistant Superintendent. 
 
 I» 
 
 -«WHW WWt ' "r^v."-"f *ir"' 
 
UISTOltY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 81 
 
 Iding completed 
 
 ')tion and trcat- 
 
 iS4-2fJ,84G 48 
 
 J. E. Emerson, M. D., 
 Henry M. Hurd, M. D., 
 Henry Montague 
 Rev. Daniel Putnam, 
 
 F. W. CURTENIUS, 
 
 Assistant Physician. 
 
 Assistant Physician. 
 
 Steward. 
 
 Chaplain. 
 
 • Treasurer. 
 
 THE INSTITUTION FOR THP t^i^al, 
 
 " THE DEAF AND DUMB, AND 
 THE BLIND. 
 
 This Institution is situated in ^i,« i, , 
 PUnf • n r. ""'^'^ '° ^^^ suburbs of the City of 
 
 Hint, m Genesee County. ^ 
 
 The school was opened m the vear iS'^i ; ■ . 
 
 , . „ ■' -^^^j in a private dwell 
 
 mg house in Flint. i' >«ie uweji- 
 
 The building was erected in 1857 
 
 The fa™ and grounds connected witi. u,o I„stit„tiou con- 
 tain n.netj.fonr acres of land TT,„ i •«■ 
 
 oo,Ubo„tW75,000.00. ^'"^ •"""■»«. «-d grounds 
 
 On the ,st of Jannar,, 18,.,. there «, in the Institution 
 
 ^ P„p,.3 and 1.30 deaf „„te,, „aK„g „ tota, of I«: 
 
 The „,anagen,ent of the Institution on the 1st of J„,,, 
 18.3, «s under the following nan,ed Board of Trustees • 
 
 H0n.CHAEI,E3G.j0HNS0.V 
 
 Hon. William L. SMim T ' ' ' ^"'"'''''"'• 
 
 ™' • ''«'"""■<''■ and Building Com'r. 
 
 • . • Secretary. 
 
 Hon. Irving D. Hanscom, 
 
 The resident officers are: 
 Egbert L. Bangs, a. M., 
 Afrs. S. C. M. Case, . 
 Miss if. J. Adams, . 
 
 Daniel S. Clark, M. D.. . 
 
 James B. Gibson, . 
 11 
 
 • Principal. 
 
 • Matron. 
 
 Assistant Matron. 
 
 Physician. 
 
 Steward. 
 
'' II 
 
 8)2 
 
 HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 
 
 ma i;ii||i 
 
 PENAL AND REFORMATORY INSTITU- 
 TIONS. 
 
 THE REFORM SCHOOL. 
 
 Au act of the Legislature, approved February 10th, 1855, 
 provided for the establishment of a '• House of Correction for 
 Juvenile Offenders, at or near Lansing, in the County of 
 Inghftm: Provided, That a suitable piece of land, of not less 
 than twenty acres, shall be donated for that purpose." A tract 
 comprising about thirty acres was donated by the citizens of 
 Lansing, and one hnndred and ninety-five acres adjoining the 
 same were subsequently purchased by the State. 
 
 The building was first opened for the reception of inmates 
 on September 2, 1856. By an act of the Legislature, approved 
 February 12, 1859, the name of the institution was changed 
 to the Reform School. 
 
 The number of boys in the School on January 1, 1873, was 
 two hundred and seven. 
 
 The estimated cost of the buildings is 1150,000.00. 
 
 The L form School is under the direction of a " Board of 
 Control," consisting of the following named persons : 
 
 Hon. Geokoe \V. Lee, Detroit. 
 
 Hon. Eli H. Davis, Lansing. 
 
 Hon. Daniel L. Grossman, .... Williamston. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Rev. Charles Joiinsojs, .... Superintendent. 
 John N. Foster, .... Assistant Superintendent. 
 
HISTOIiY OF MicmoA^: 
 
 83 
 
 pose." A tract 
 
 ry 1, 1873, was 
 
 THE STATE PRISON. 
 The State P.isou was established at Jackson, by an act of 
 tho Legislature, approved March 3 183S Ti / !, 
 prison wall cost the State about o!' . "'''"^^ ^"'^ 
 
 sand dollars. Aa e,u Jo. T, "' "' ^'^^^ "^-- 
 
 The whole number of convicts received since ilu ■ 
 
 of the prison in 1838 is 4 49. .r 1 • °^''""^ 
 
 ' ''^'^^' •^f ^vJ'ich number o <ui 1 
 been discharged by exnimfmn p . ~' ^ ^'"^"'' 
 
 i"gat the Coso of the flseal yen, 18-7 1 '= '°'"- 
 
 The g,„„„aa 0, the „Hso„ are „bo„t thirt, ac™ in e.tcn. 
 the prison is under flio »,,. extent. 
 
 .or., who hoM 0*0 'irrr °' " """* "'■ '"^''^^ 
 
 omce by appointment of the Goverrm,-. n, 
 members of the present board are : ' ^'^^ 
 
 William S. Wilcox, 
 
 Lafayette W. Lovell. . " " ' ^'^""°- 
 
 Albert A. Bliss ' ' " ' ^'I'amazoo. 
 
 Ti.eofflcei.onhop™„»re.. ' ' ' ' ■'°'"'"'°- 
 JoHx Morris, 
 
 Franklik S. Clarke " * ' * ^^^"'• 
 
 ''■••••. Clerk. 
 
i J ! J 
 
 84 
 
 HISTORY OP MICHIGAN. 
 
 THE SAULT STE/MAHIE SHIP CANAL. 
 
 'riic United States, by an act of Congress, approved August 
 2C, 1853, granted to the State of Michigan the right of way, 
 and a donation of seven hundred and fifty thousand acres of 
 the public lands, for the construction of a ship canal around 
 the falls of St. Mary. This proposition of Congress was 
 accepted by the State, and its conditions made obligatory by 
 an act of the Legislature, approved February 5, 1853. 
 
 This act provided for the construction of the canal, under 
 the direction of a board of five commissioners and an engi- 
 neer, to be appointed by the Governor. The work of con- 
 struction was commenced in the month of June, 1853, and 
 completed on the 18th of June 1855, on which day the first 
 vessel passed through. The canal is one mile in length, hav- 
 ing two locks, each three hundred and fifty feet long and 
 seventy feet wide, with a total lift of eighteen and a quarter 
 feet, and cost one million two hundred thousand dollars. 
 
 The tolls received for the passage of vessels through the 
 canal, from its opening in 1855 to the close of navigation in 
 the year 1872, amount to 1430,542.80. 
 
BJSrORT OF MWmOAH, 
 
 8S 
 
 POPULATION. 
 
 The pap,„„.i„,. Of Mi„„^^„_ ^^^^.^^^^ ^ 
 
 ''™''"'™'. ^ «-'=■■''»••■'.««"".■». on, period, 1" 
 r ■"""""."r ^''' ""^ ""^"^ -Wctea .0 H,e e„„,i„e, of I' 
 
 4 76-1 In flip f 11 • . " """^''^i^ Of inhabitants ^vas 
 
 ml a / ;r r t "" '•°'""''"°" '--«<> »» 
 
 follows: ""'""''"' '"'""-'•"'ion, „„ as 
 
 Year. 
 
 1830 . . Population. 
 
 1834 . . ' . ' ■ 31,639 
 
 1840 . . ' 87,378 
 
 1850 , , / ' ' ' ' • ' ^13'367 
 
 1854 . 397,054 
 
 18C0 . . * • • 5^^9'-374 
 
 1864 ..'**"'••• "^^^.lia 
 
 1870 . . \ 803,745 
 
 1,184,883 
 
86 
 
 mSTOUY OF MICIIIOAN. 
 
 VALUATION OF TAXABLE 
 PROPERTY. 
 
 il 
 
 The Constitution of the State (Article XIX., Sec. 13), 
 requires (he Legislature to provide for an equalization by a 
 State Board, in the year 1851, and every fifth year thereafter, 
 of assessments on all taxable property, except that paying 
 specific taxes. 
 
 Previous to the year 1861, State taxation was upon the 
 basis of equalization by the Boards of Supervisors of the 
 several counties. 
 
 The valuation as equalized for various years, is as follows, 
 viz: 
 
 Ykabs. Valuation. 
 
 1838 $43,953,495.01 
 
 1840 37,833,024.13 
 
 1845 28,922,097.59 
 
 1850 29,384,270.66 
 
 1851 30,976,270.18 
 
 1853 120,302,474.35 
 
 1856 . 137,663,009.00 
 
 1861 172,055,808.89 
 
 1866 307,965,842.92 
 
 1871 630,000,000.00. 
 
UISrOHY OP MWmOAK 
 
 87 
 
 CAPITOL BUILDINGS 
 
 , is as follows, 
 
 Prev.„„s to the y™.. nn. when Ccgrc. provMod for tbe 
 'T °""° ^''"''-^ '-y « J^e,i,a«ve Council, n v 
 
 e...n„ve „,.ov,.on ™ n,ade o.- .^nired for bniMin, f II^ 
 uccon,mod«t,„n of lie government. I„ the vear I8S3 . 
 .Irst State-house MS erected „f n . •. , *' 
 
 ;;j-.-~.-::i?.:;;r.:.sc 
 
 supported by pilasters. "*' 
 
 The corner-stone of this building was laid by the Grand 
 
 ZZ^rr °' *°'"=""" '^-"o..- Jand 3^1 
 , '"" P™"l'"g-on September 38, 1833. lu ,870 ,b 
 Koard of edncalion of the eitv of T).t •. 
 
 *»tion3 to the building:!;: elf h'l: ™"'°^ '™^ 
 
 „„u 1 'vjiicn uaa been converted fn 
 
 00 purposes removed the corner-stone and opened t 
 0., the contents of ,vhich were presented to the State dur^a, 
 
 .'";:" '^*"""-" "' '«"■ -" »- -w re-d epos 
 
 .tod .n the corner-stone of the new Capitol 
 
 Leg,slatures, until the removal of the seat of government " 
 
 :::r" """" - ■" -^ '-^ ^^^'"«'"- »pp.-d c ;; 
 
 Tie frame building situated upon Moot number 115, city 
 
88 
 
 HISTORY OF MIC mo AN. 
 
 iiii 
 
 of Lansing, was ordored to be erected by the Legislature of 
 1847, by an act approved March 16tb, and was first occupied 
 by the Lep;i8lature in 1848. The Legislature of 18G5 ordered 
 an enlargement of the building, by the addition of sixteen 
 feet upon the south end. The cost of this building, cxoln- 
 sive of repairs, is as follows : 
 
 Under act of J 847, $10,503.51 
 
 Paid in 1848, 8,0.38.22 
 
 Addition in 18G5, 3,971.30 
 
 Total, $23,513.02 
 
 In 1853, the Legislature, by an act approved February 14, 
 provided for the erection of "a fire-proof building for the 
 State Offices," upon block number 349, known as Capitol 
 Square, and appropriated 110,000.00 for its construction. 
 The building was erected at a cost of $15,562.00, and soon 
 being found too small for the purpose required, the Legisla- 
 ture of 1863, by an act approved March 14, provided for its 
 enlargement. An addition was consequently made upon the 
 west side, at a cost of $6,482.00, making the cost of the build- 
 ing to that time, $22,044.30. 
 
 Governor Henry P. Baldwin, in his message to the Legis- 
 ture on January 4, 1871, called the attention of that body to 
 the necessi^j for the erection of a new Capitol. 
 
 "The present State House was built nearly twenty-five 
 years ago, when the State was comparatively new, with a pop- 
 ulation about one-fourth as large as at the present time, and 
 with about one-twelfth of the present taxable valuation. 
 
 iK:|c * * * * * * * * * 
 
 "The present and growing incapacity of the State buildings, 
 the insecurity from fire of the public records and library, — a 
 
uisrosr of MwmoAir. 
 
 8» 
 
 c»la,„U3r likely .„ ™„It in i„,.nMe l„.,c,,-„„a i,,, 
 
 ...fficont y for „cc„p,.ti„„, ...o, i„ „,y j„<,„„„„, „j ,„,^ 
 rc..„„s „|,j. ,„™e.li„eo actio,, ,ho„W te take, to erect » new 
 Mute Uo„,e, wit,, capacity anfflcient for the proper accommo- 
 ■lal,on of the Legialature and all of the Stale .lepartmenla, an,l 
 oon,™ena„,.„te „ith the proaent and proa,«ctive «„t. of the 
 ntate. 
 
 The reccnmendation of the Governor resulted in the pas,- 
 
 ^e of an act which ,vaa app,.oved March 31, mi, providing 
 
 for the ereefon of anew State Capitol and a hnilding for 
 
 1.0 temporary „ae of the State offlcea." The act provido, for 
 
 l.e appo,„tn,ent hy the Governor of three anitable peraon, to 
 
 : ";"" "' '"" """"'^ »f «""« «"il''i..g Con,n,issi„„e:a,» 
 the Governor to be « a0ao the Chairman of the Board 
 
 It was n,ade the dnty of the Board to procnre the emotion 
 of a b„,Id,„g for the te,„porary nae of the State omcea, aa the 
 lire-proof building, e,-ected in 1833, occupied the ce„t,-e of the 
 ground designed for the new Capitol, and m„at therefore be 
 removed P„r the Tempo,.„ry Offlcea, the aum of thirty thou- 
 aand dollars was appropriated. A contract for the bniWin, 
 was entered into on the fifth day of June, and in the month o'f 
 November following it was completed and accepted. U waa 
 occupied in the following month, and coat, including heat- 
 ing apparatus, $30,693.94 TIip h„;M;. 
 ».tha v,ew to its adaptation to bnaineaa ^nrpoaeHpor 
 comple ,on of the new Capitol, when it will no longer be 
 requned for the nae of the State. 
 
 lu response to an advertisement of the Commiaaionera 
 »I.c,t,ng competitive designs for a new CapitoUwenty acts' 
 
00 
 
 mSTORV OF mcuiuAN. 
 
 of (1riiwin<r8 were received from architects of vur'oiis localities, 
 oil December 28, 1871. After n careful examiimtion of eucli, 
 the Board, on tho twenty-fourth of .January, 187;;', adopted 
 the desigu of ELrjAii E. Myeuh, Ksq., an architect then resid- 
 ing at SpringHeKl, Illinois, and entered into a contract with 
 him to act as architect and general superintendent of tho work 
 until its completion. Mr. Myeuh immediately removed his 
 residence to the city of Detroit, and engaged in the prcpara- 
 ration of specifications and detail drawings. On the fifteenth 
 of July the Board entered into u contract with Messrs. Nehe- 
 MiATi OsBUHN tSi Cc, builders, of Rochester, N. Y., and 
 Detroit, Mich., for tho construction of the entire building. 
 
 At an extra session of the Legislature in March, 1873, the 
 cost of the building, with all expenses incident to its erection, 
 was limited to twelve hundred thousand dollars. The sum 
 agreed upon in the contract, is eleven hundred and forty-four 
 thousand fifty- seven dollars and twenty cents, leaving nearly 
 fifty-six thousand dollars to cover extras, salaries, and other 
 expenses. 
 
 The building will bo of Palladian style of architecture, 
 which Avas adopted by tho architect, as best suited to the 
 appearance of grandeur, required in u building of this class. 
 The outline is sufficiently broken to produce pleasing con- 
 trasts of light and shade; while the architect has studiously 
 observed the suggestions of the Commissioners, in avoiding 
 superfluous ornamentation, preserving solidity and compact- 
 ness, and at the same time giving to each apartment an 
 abundance of light. 
 
 The arrangement of the various offices and departments 
 will be exceedingly convenient ; special attention having been 
 
lllsroiiY OF MICIIKIAN. 
 
 01 
 
 ars. The sum 
 
 f"„;" "f :™"""" " '""n:iu.pnwi,, ,„„,„„„ to 
 
 oH-f.. T,,e,,, ^,*.,,e,,.,.,,, ,,,,,,. ^ ^,, ^ 
 
 ."'";' ""■■■^- ''•'-•-■» gi,o„u„.. „„„„,„, 
 
 i«--...v.,v„ri,.,„„ ,, on*™, ,■,.„,„ ,„o ,„,„„;, 
 
 i e ,„o,l „pp„v.,l ,u-,,,„g,:.„„„„ „„ ,„ , • 
 
 ;"""■•.:; • .^. •™-' Hg„u„g ,, „J ,;,. :2 
 
 '7:"°'""" "'■"-' ™"»-''.'«iN,u,o „„,.,,: 
 
 or 1,0 Q„ar,o,.„„.te,..a„„e,,„, .„ ehc .,„.,,„..,. „,,.., ,, ' 
 
 :"' "".T"'^" "' "™™' '" ""■■"=-. "'".»"gi J: 
 
 e..,g,,,g,.,„„<,.e,Mig„t.a„„avc„tn*„,„.,„,„.U.eJ 
 lent oOices, 8l,„„ld tl.ey be rwimrej .„ ,• 7 
 
 purpose. ' "' ""■' '""■ f"'- 'hit 
 
 'ri,e fat , to,,, ,,,ie,,,,HU,e.„.o,,t,,,ot ,•„,,,,,,,„„, 
 
 r" 7 '""""•'™" """-™"'» ^- '"„ vaHol t,.te 
 fl-c™„„.U„«„. Upon ,l,i. „,.„.. .„,,.,.,„.„ „„„,,.; 
 . ten, „„.„„,, ,„,.„.,.,,,^^_.^,,_^_^^^^. 
 
 rotnnd., „„.|„ tl,e dome, „,„! c^osse,! nt riri, ,„„. 
 ".'.■o.ntl,c„o,t„,„„„,„„u, ,„,,,„„^ T„„;o„,„H 
 
9a 
 
 niSTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 and an inch and a half in tliickness, supported by a frame of 
 iron, into which each piece will be closely fitted. From this 
 rotnnda, which is fort3'-fonr and a half feet in diameter, the 
 interior of the dome, open to the height of one Inindred and 
 seventy-tive feet, may be seen, with galleries extending in it 
 from each of the stories above. Upon the second floor, at the 
 north end of the building, will be the Hall of Representatives, 
 occupying the height of two stories, — forty feet. This hall 
 will be seventy feet in width, by seventy- seven and a half in 
 length, with galleries upon the east, south, and west sides. 
 The south gallery will extend back twenty-two and a half 
 feet, making the upper portion of the room one hundred feet 
 in length. There will be no columns or otlier like obstruc- 
 tions in this hall. The ceiling, which is to be of embossed 
 colored plate glass, Will be supported by the iron roof-trusses ; 
 and the galleries will be supported by iron girders, entirely 
 hidden from view. The hall will bo lighted by nine windows 
 on each side, fonr on the lower lloor, and five on the upper, 
 and by a large sky-light in tlie roof, over the glass ceiling. 
 The gas-1'glit will be reflected down throngli this ceiling. 
 The Senate Chamber, at the south end of the building, will 
 correspond in all respects but size with tlie Representative 
 Hall, it being of the same width, but shorter by twelve feet. 
 
 Between the legislative halls,, at the west front of the cen- 
 tral portion of the bnilding, will be the hall for the State 
 Library. This hall will be one hundred feet in length, forty 
 feet wide, and open to the top of the building, a height of 
 flfty feet, with galleries containing alcoves for the convenient 
 arrang( ment of Ijooks. 
 
 At the east front, upon the same floor, will be a suite of 
 
 
msrORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 m 
 
 rooms for the Governor and his Secretary. Over the Govern- 
 or's rooms, and upon the third floor, will be the Supreme Court 
 room, with rooms in close proxinuty for the accommodation 
 of the judges and attorneys, and offices of the Attorney Gen 
 oral. The remainder of tne second and third stories will be 
 devoted to committee rooms and other apartments required 
 for the Legislature. On either side of the rotunda, a grand 
 stairway rises from the basement to the fourth story • private 
 stairways being provided in other portions of the building as 
 convenience may require. An elevator, to be operated by 
 steam, will be situated in a central portion of the building 
 
 The roof will be made of corrugated galvanized iron, con- 
 structed in such a manner that no trouble will be occasioned 
 by the lodgment of snow or ice, and the necessity for repairs 
 cannot occur with frequency. All the windows will be glazed 
 with polished English or lierlin plate gIass,-one plate to 
 
 The main pediment of the building, looking east, will con- 
 Uun an allegorical representation of the rise and progress of 
 Michigan, carved in has relief. 
 
 The principal dimensions of the building are as follows- 
 I^ength,not including porticoes, 1345 feet 3 inches; deptii 
 191 feet 5 inches; height of lantern, Ub feet. 
 
 The time stipulated for the completion of the building is 
 the l6t day of December, 1877. 
 
 bo a suite of 
 
u 
 
 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 CORNER-STONE COMMITTEE. 
 
 The Legislature of 1873, by a Joint Resolution, approved 
 April 24, provided for a public celebration upon the occasion 
 of laying the corner-stone of the new Capitol, and for the 
 appointment of a committee to provide for the appropriate 
 arrangements therefor. The committee, by the terms of the 
 resolution, was to consist of the Governor, who should be its 
 chairman ; the members of the Board of State Building Com- 
 missioners, and ten citizens of the State, to be appointed by 
 the Governor. The committee so appointed consists of the 
 following persons : i 
 
 John J. Bagley, Chairman, Detroit. 
 
 Ebenezer 0. Grosvenor, Vice President, . . Jonesville. 
 
 James Shearer, Bay City. 
 
 Alexander Chapotox Detroit. 
 
 David Anderson, .... Bear Lake Mills. 
 
 John P. Hoyt, Vaasar. 
 
 William H. Withingtox, Jackson. 
 
 Augustus S. Gaylord, Saginaw. 
 
 Ellery L Garfield, Detroit. 
 
 John Hibbard, Poi-t Huron. 
 
 Leonard H. Eandall. .... Grand Rapids. 
 
 Oliver L. Spaulding, St, Johns. 
 
 William H. Stone, Adrian. 
 
 John S. Tooker, Lansing. 
 
 Allen L. Boirs, Secretary, Lansing. 
 
 'III i I' I 
 
mSTOKY OF MWmOAN. 
 
 95 
 
 [ITTEE. 
 
 THE CORNER-STONE. 
 
 itioii, approved 
 )n the occasion 
 ol, and foi- the 
 ;he appropriate 
 16 terms of the 
 should be its 
 Building Com- 
 )e appointed by 
 consists of the 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 . Jonesville. 
 
 . Bay City. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 lear Lake Mills. 
 
 . Vaasar. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Saginaw. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 . Port Huron. 
 
 Grand Kapids. 
 
 St. John.s. 
 
 Adrian. 
 
 Lansing. 
 
 1 Boa,., , ,s.„t, B„„ai,„ ,o„™i.,„„e., ,,, ,i„„,^., 
 
 cause l,c foll„,v.„g i„3o,,pti„„, ,„ ^, „„^.^^ ^,^^, 
 
 ra,se.l letlc. i„ s„„k pa„,„, ,,,, o„ the cast faee "\ D 
 
 18W'(bo,-„, the yea,. i„ .hioh ,>.o,-k .,p„„ the Capit.,' wa^' 
 
 .-h,ch the b„ndi„g ahan he contpleted. From a „„1 
 oWeo,a,e„s of g„„i,e. f.™ vaHo,,, .ocaliti™, submitted for 
 
 heu exa„„oat,o„, the Com^isaione,-, made ehoice of that 
 from c„„co,-d. Ne.- Hampshu-e. as being the „ost hea„tif 
 -a approp^ate for the use .-e^uired. A d.ig„ f„,. the « ton 
 ™ prepared b, K E. MvKa, Es,., the arohiteet of the 0^! 
 
 itoi, and a contract for nremrini, ,v , , 
 
 ioi prepaiing it awarded to Mps^re 
 
 S™uinB,.s A Sons, of Philadelphia. 
 
 ANTIQUITY OP THE CUSTOM 
 The importance attached to the corner-stone i» of very 
 
 rX.^ "-■•-'■■—- '0 '- add,.essed 
 
 Wiltrr:"''"'' '*"" ' ""' '"^ '■"""^'"'°-°f .^.c earth:. 
 
 V » i,ath la,d the measnres thereof, if thon kno.est ? or who 
 liath stretched the lino iinon it " Wl, 
 
 ,■ „ ""oiiponit. Wherenpon aretliefonnd- 
 
 "fons thereof fastened I' „r who l,id H,„ 
 .hereof?--J„„, , 3,. ''"" '"" '^-""-stone 
 
96 
 
 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 The importance of the corner-stone is further acknowledged 
 by the figurative and symbolical use for which it is often 
 employed. 
 
 It is recorded in the Book of Isaiah: 
 
 "Therefore thus saith the Lord God: Behold I lay in Zion 
 for a foundation, a stone, a tried stone, a precious corner- 
 stone, a sure foundation." 
 
 In the 118th Psalm : 
 
 "The stone which the builders refused is become the head 
 stone in the corner." 
 
 The custom of laying the corner-stone with public demon- 
 strations of great pomp and ceremony, is of very early origin. 
 
 The corner-stone of Westminster Abbey was laid on the 
 24th of June, 1503, by a lodge of Master Masons, at which 
 King Henry VII. presided in person as Grand Master, John 
 IsLiP, Abbot of Westminster, and Sir Reginald Bray, 
 Knight of the Garter, acting for the occasion as his Wardens.* 
 
 In the year 1G07, the corner-stone of the Palace of White- 
 hall was laid "by King James I., in presence of Grand 
 Master Jones, and his Wardens, William Herbert, Earl of 
 Pembroke, and Nicholas Stone, Esq., Master Mason of 
 England, who were attended by many brethren, clothed in 
 form, and other eminent persons, who had been invited on 
 the occasion. The ceremony was conducted with great pomp 
 and splendor.'"* 
 
 In 1G73 the corner-stone of St. Paul's Cathedral, London, 
 designed by Deputy Wren, was laid in solemn form by King 
 George I., attended by Grand Master Rivers, his architects 
 and craftsmen, in presence of the nobility and gentry, the 
 lord mayor and aldermen, the bishops and clergy, etc.* 
 
 'Preston's Illustrations of Mnsoniy. 
 
 iilij 
 
 M 
 
IJLsrORY OF MWIIIGAN. 
 
 97 
 
 come the head 
 
 ..oe„ 0,.,,,,,, tl,„,„„ i„ ve,v o,,,,, ti,„« coin. „,eda.s, a„d 
 .«c.all,0 ,„afe..o„,.h,g „pp,„p,,a.o i„.e,.i„ti„„,, „„, p„„,o, 
 
 l.e„,orta,.,„nfe ,l,o corner-stone : a„,I tl,e stone generall, 
 
 r;';;""'""'°'" *""■'"« "■" •"""■■■' :-'-po» forwh,v., 
 
 the building was erected. 
 
 In tl,e oorner-slonc. of tl,e E.ehange JiniMi„„ i„ ,;,,,,,. 
 I.".gl., »l..eh was law September K,t„, .,7o,,, tbree medals 
 were aepositec, in -oavities- in the corner-stone, „,a.,e for tl,e 
 
 P-posel,e stone also „o,.e a Latin inscription on tl,e side 
 upon ivliieh it was laid. 
 
 Tl>e cnslom now extends ,„ tl,„ depositing not only of coin. 
 -. mednis, bnt of l.istorical records and varions memoranda 
 peHannng to ,„„ object for whicl, „,„ b„iMi„„ „ „,,„^j 
 -.1 showing tbe condition of ti,c conntry, the State, and the 
 ,- ,e„Iar locality of .he strnctnre, at the tin.e ofits erection. 
 = .•orner.stone of the original edihce of the .N-ational 
 (..p.. 1 at «asl„ngton, was laid by Gkobo. W..sn,.voi„« 
 
 ^«, en Of the rnited States, on the eighteenth Of Septe,„- 
 '«> 1 »J. Ihe b„,ld,„g was first ocenpied by the (lovern- 
 
 .-e,„,«,d„ring Which year the pnblic archives we. 
 .v„,o«d iron. Philadelphia. The Tapitol, together with the 
 
 it! ; T'-' "■" "'■"' '■■' "'° ""'■*• "-"•■■ "-oral 
 
 7 »» "- iwenty-foarth of Angnst, UU, and entirelr 
 
 ':r\'"""^" «-T Of that day. fo„r years late.; 
 
 M.e er.stonc of the central bnilding of the present Capitoi 
 «s la,d, and the bnilding was completed in the year .8- 
 
98 
 
 (i/sTonv or MrcniCrAN. 
 
 THE STATE SEAL. 
 
 Tlif (JreaL Seal of I lie State of .MichigiUi was presented by 
 the Hon. LEwrs V - *^) ihc (.•-•.ivention which framed the 
 first Constitution y/ State, in session at tho city of 
 
 Detroit, on tlio '.>(! da^ oi" June, 18;?.^, and on tho ;i2d day of 
 the same niontli, the (lonvention adopted tlio following reso- 
 lution, oifertd by the Hon. Koss Wilkin.-' : 
 
 " liesoh-cd, That tlie president of this Convention tender to 
 the Hon. JjKWIs Cass, tho thanks of this Convention, repre- 
 senting the people of Michigan, for the handsome State seal 
 presented by him to the forthcoming State." 
 
 The Latin motto on the seal, *SV qiiwn's 2^enin.siilaiii. amce- 
 nmu circinnspi(e,—-1^ yon wish to see a beautiful peninsuhi, 
 look around yoi;."— was doubtless suggested by the inscription 
 upon II tablet in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, to the memory 
 of Sir CinusToi'ni:n Whkn, its renowned architect, iSi qumrU 
 moiiumentam amwnatn eircumspke, — '-If you wish to see a 
 beautiful monument, look aiuong yon,"— referring to the great 
 master-piece of architecture, by him designed, as the most 
 fittiiiff tribute to his memory. 
 
in STORY OF MlClIWAy. 
 
 09 
 
 THE GOVERNORS OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 lis presented by 
 
 lic'li framed llio 
 
 ;it tho city of 
 
 the JiiJd day of 
 
 Mitiou tender to 
 iivention, repro- 
 Isonie State seal 
 
 niiiHulam amoe- 
 itifnl peninsula, 
 ; the inscription 
 , to the memory 
 litect, Si qumrU 
 I wish to see a 
 ring to the great 
 'il. as the most 
 
 INDEK FRENCH DOMlNIOxN, 
 .SAMUKL ClfAMI'LAlN. 
 M. DK MONTMAOXV, 
 M. I)£ AlLLEIiOlT, . . 
 
 M. i)K Lal-son, . 
 
 -M. DK Lausox (son) 
 
 Ar. ])i; iVlLLKBOLT. 
 M. I)K AUGEXSON, . 
 
 * • • • 
 
 BaROX DE AVAXOOUJt, 
 
 M. DE Mesev, . 
 
 M. DE COURCELLES 
 
 Cub NT DE FrokteNAC, 
 M. DE LA Barre, 
 M. DE NONVILLE, . 
 COUKT DE FrOXTENAC, 
 
 .Vf. DE Oallieres. . 
 
 j^r. DE VaudKEUIL, 
 
 M. DE 13EAUITARN0IS, 
 
 «. OE Ci'ALIS.SONIERE, . 
 
 M. DE LA JONQUIERE, . 
 
 -^f- 1)1' QXESNE, . , ^ 
 
 if- 1)K VaIDREL-IL DE CavAGXAC, 
 
 UNDER HIilTlSII DOMIMOX, 17(i; 
 
 James Murray, 
 
 ,, ' 
 
 <fiv Oarletox, . . ^ 
 
 FREDERrCK HaLDIMAND, 
 
 l'l;,'3-ir(i;!. 
 
 • 1 03 G- 104:. 
 l«48-lGoO. 
 
 • 1651-10,-) (J. 
 KioO-lOoT. 
 
 • ](J57-10o,S. 
 10,-)8-10GO. 
 
 • i'ioi-ioc;j. 
 
 16G,'{-1065. 
 
 1605-lG7x>. 
 
 1(>7;3-1G83. 
 
 168:^-1085. 
 
 1685-1089. 
 
 1689-1098. 
 
 1699-1703. 
 
 1703-1725. 
 
 1726-1747. 
 
 1747-1749. 
 
 1749-1752. 
 
 1752-1755. 
 
 1755-1763. 
 
 {-iT!t(;. 
 
 1763-1767. 
 17G8-1777. 
 1777-1785. 
 
K i§ I'l iJ 
 
 ion 
 
 mSTORY OF MiaiTIGAN. 
 
 IIenuy Hamilton, 
 
 liORI) DCRCII ESTER, 
 
 TEUUITORIAL GOVEKNORS. 
 northwest territory. 
 Arthur St. Clatr, 
 
 IXIHANA territory. 
 
 William Henry' Harrison, . 
 
 MICHIGAN territory. 
 
 William Hull, 
 
 Lewis Cass, 
 
 (Jeorge B. Porter,* .... 
 Stevens T. Mason, ex officio, 
 
 GOVERNORS OP STATE OF MIC 
 
 Stevens T. Mason^ 
 
 William Woodbridge, .... 
 J. Wright Gordon (aotino;), 
 
 John S. Barry, 
 
 Alpheus Felch, . . . 
 William L. Greenly (acting), 
 Epaphroditus Ransom. . . . . 
 John S. Barry, 
 
 Robert McClelland, 
 
 Andrew Parsons (acting), . . 
 Kinsley S. Bingham, .... 
 
 Moses Wisner, 
 
 Austin Blair, 
 
 Henry H. Crapo, 
 
 Henry P. Baldwin, . . . . 
 John J. Bagley, 
 
 1785-1780. 
 1786-1796. 
 
 1796-1801). 
 1800-1805. 
 
 1805-1813. 
 . 1813-1831. 
 
 1831-1834. 
 . 1834-1835. 
 
 IIKiAN. 
 
 . 1835-1840. 
 
 1840-1841. 
 . 1841-184?. 
 
 184.3-1845. 
 . 1846-1847. 
 
 1847-1847. 
 . 1848-1849. 
 
 1850-1851. 
 
 1852-1853. 
 
 1853-1854. 
 . 1855-1858. 
 
 1859-1860. 
 . 1861-1864. 
 
 1805-1868. 
 . 1869-1872. 
 1873 
 
 * Diod July 0, 1S84. 
 
 -^ykil,;! 
 
 #ii 
 
msTonr of miviiwan. 
 
 101 
 
 UNITED STATES GOVERNME 
 
 NT. 
 
 1800-1805. 
 
 MARCH 4Tir, 187;). 
 Ulysses S. Grant, of Illinois, 
 ilEXKV Wilson, of Massachusetts, 
 
 President. 
 Vice President. 
 
 '''HE CABINET. 
 Hamilton Fish, A'cw- York 
 
 WlLUAM W. BeLKKA,., low... V ^''^• 
 
 nOLUMBfS D.,,AHO, Ohio " . f'"''^ "' "'= '""T- 
 
 fo*'"' • . Attorney General. 
 THE SirpREME COURT. 
 
 Nathan C'LiFfojaj, 
 Noah II. Swayne, 
 Samuel V. Millek, 
 David Davis, 
 Stephen J. Pjeli), 
 William Strong, 
 Joseph P. Bradley, 
 Ward Hunt, 
 
 ASSOOIATK .JUSTICES. 
 
 ^hiof Justice. 
 
 Maine. 
 Ohio. 
 loMa. 
 • Illinois. 
 • Californiii. 
 Pennsylvania. 
 Kew Jersey. 
 • New York. 
 
 • ""^ successor not yet 
 

 
 h 
 H 
 
 ■Ii 
 
 ji 
 
 l! 
 
 m 
 II 
 
 1 
 
 102 
 
 IIISTOUY OF MiaiiKhxy. 
 
 SlXril CIUL'UIT C'OUllT OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 Judge. 
 . Olcrk?. 
 
 IlAhMEU \l. Emmons, Detroit, 
 Addison Masdell, Detroit, j 
 
 Isaac If. Pakiusif, (Jnind Uiipuls, ) 
 
 i;nitI':i) states distuiot couhts fou .mkihioan. 
 
 . KASTKux orsTuirr. 
 
 John W. Lonoyeak, Detroit Judge 
 
 D. J. DAVinsov, Detroit 
 
 Clerk. 
 
 WESTKKN J)KSTIUCT. 
 
 Solomon L. Withey, (Jniiul Kapids, . . . Judge. 
 Isaac IT. Paiirisii, Uraiul Kupids. . . . Clerk. 
 
 JUDICIARY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 SUPREME COURT. 
 
 Isaac V. Ciirisxiancy, Chief Justice, . . Monroe. 
 
 Benjamin F. Graves, Battle Creek. 
 
 Thomas IL Cooley, Ann Arbor. 
 
 James V. Camprell, Detroit. 
 
 THE CIRCUIT COURTS. 
 
 I. Daniel J.. Pratt, iiillsdale. 
 
 'i. IIenrv II. Cooledge, Niles. 
 
 3. Jahei) Patchin, . . . . . . Detroit. 
 
IIISTOHY o/.' MIVUK/AW 
 
 loa 
 
 MIC;ilIOAN. 
 
 0. 
 
 V. 
 
 H, 
 
 !). 
 10, 
 11. 
 \t 
 13, 
 14, 
 15. 
 1(5. 
 
 ir. 
 
 18. 
 
 ALKXANOKU J). CltANK, 
 
 Oeoihie Woodiutf, . 
 James S. Dewey, . 
 
 JOSIAH TritNEIt, 
 
 Loins S. I.ovELL, . 
 
 ClIAIlLES It. lillOWK, . 
 
 John Moouk, 
 Daniel aooD-vjx, 
 James O'Guady, . 
 Jonathan G. Ramsdell, 
 Augustine H. (Jiddincis, 
 KiciiMONi) "W. Helen DY, 
 Edward W. Hauuis, . 
 
 BlUNEY IIOYT, . 
 
 Sanford i\r. Green. 
 
 Dexter. 
 .VfaiHliall. 
 I'oiitiiio. 
 • Owosso. 
 fonia. 
 Kalanji'zoo. 
 Saginaw. 
 • Dotroil. 
 • IToughfoii. 
 Traverse City. 
 . Newaygo. 
 Ccntroville. 
 Port Huron, 
 (^rand IJapids. 
 . liay City. 
 
 UNITED STATES CONGRESS. 
 
 MICHIGAN SENATORS. 
 Zacuariaii Chandler. 
 
 * • • 
 
 Thomas W. Ferry, . 
 
 REPRESENTATIVES. 
 
 Moses W. Field, ] St District, . 
 Henry Waldron, 2d District, 
 George Willard. 3d District, . 
 
 Detroit. 
 Grand Haven. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 Hillsdale. 
 
 iiattle Creek. 
 
104 
 
 nisToHY Oh' sfu'iiinw 
 
 II 
 
 ! 
 
 JuLii-H V. Hiuitowrt, Ith DJHliu'l. 
 Wii.KKK I). KoHTicH.* nth DiHtnct, 
 JoHiAir >V. IlKooijc, (ith Disliiol, 
 Omaii I). CoNOKK, nil DiHliict. . 
 Nathan U. Hhadlky, hUi Disliicl. 
 .Iay a. lliiiiiKi.i,, Dili DiHh-icl. . 
 
 ♦ Dcci'ilKciI Hcpt. '.'II. I»t;i, 
 
 Kaliinm^ou. 
 
 (traiid UitpidM. 
 
 Klinl. 
 
 I'ort. Huron. 
 
 Hay City. 
 
 . lloii]L;htoii. 
 
IIISTOltr „,,' MfCmoAN. 
 
 lOA 
 
 MICHIGAN STATE GOVERN- 
 MENT. 
 
 •FANUAUV I, lH7;j, 
 .'<'im J. Ma()i,kv. (iovpi'iior. 
 IlKNKY l[. Ifoi-T, LifiitonantCiovcnior. 
 Danikl SritiKKit. Sfcrehiry of Stiito, 
 
 <JlM,K,nM. IfASTV, |),.j,„tv. 
 VMToin I'. ('oj,MKu,StutoTreasMrei-, 
 
 1Ii:nuv I). M.MrnioLoMKw, Deputy. 
 William iri'MniuKY, Auditor (ic.neml, . 
 
 irniKKT U. I'KATT, Dopiify 
 
 l..:vRRCTTA.(',.A,M.(.,m.^StatoLa,ulOnio;.. 
 
 OZKO A. noWKX, Dcpiily. 
 
 l>ANn.:LRnu.,a.sSMiH.l'.,blio Instruction, . 
 
 COKTLANI) li. STKiuims, l)q,nty 
 ;|--'>.HAL^ Attorney (ienenU, . . ,,„., «,^,,^ 
 
 MH..JLv„H.Kr A. TKKx..:v,ShUo Librarian. . . r.n.si„<. 
 NAM^KLI^.]^o^v.(^,„.ol•fnsurunc.c, ^ 
 
 Uenuv Nr. I.vwhes, E, F)oi,iiiv 
 ^".•....:.V.S. ,,•„„„, ]i..N,.„,.„c,„n„,i3,i„,H.,., ■, K„l,„„.»„. 
 ^>M.,.:, ..«„„„„•.„, «alt l„.,,oc.,„,, . Kast S.,Ki„aw. 
 
 M. H. Au,A«UT, f;o„u„lss,„,K.r of r,„migratio„. 
 '■.vJf.C,v„,,™N,S,„,eri„te„.lo„l of St. M..rj'. r-a,l, ,s|,i|, 
 Canal, Sault Sto. Marie. 
 U 
 
 ■ Dt'lroi). 
 
 Mnskegon. 
 
 Hustings. 
 
 Hat tie Creek. 
 
 . Adrian. 
 
 Centreville. 
 
 • Itonieo. 
 
I()« 
 
 mSTORY OF MWUIGAK 
 
 STATE BOARDS. 
 
 STATE HOAUD OF EDUCATION. 
 
 Daniel E. BitowN/'= 
 
 Witter J. Baxter, 
 
 Kdwarp Dorsch, 
 
 Saranac, 
 
 Jonesville. 
 
 Monroe. 
 
 STATE BOARD OF lIE.vLTH. 
 
 HoMEJt 0. Hitchcock, M. D., 
 
 Zexas E. Bliss, M. D., . . . . 
 
 Robert 0. Kedzik, 5[. D., . 
 
 Rev. Charles II. BrigHxVM, 
 
 Hexry F. Lyster, M. D., . 
 
 llev. Jonx S. TJoodmax, .... 
 
 Henry ]i. Baker, M. D., Secretary, . 
 
 Kalamazoo. 
 
 ({rand Rapids. 
 
 Lansing. 
 
 . Ann Arbor. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 East Saginaw. 
 
 Lansing. 
 
 STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 
 
 IIezekiah (j. Wells, 
 
 Oram EL Uosford, 
 
 J. Webster Childs, 
 
 (tEorge W. Phillips, 
 
 Eraxklin Wells, 
 
 A. S. Dyckman, 
 
 Kalamazoo. 
 
 Olivet, 
 
 Ypsilanti. 
 
 Romeo. 
 
 Uonstautino. 
 
 Sonth Haven. 
 
 John J. I^agley, Governor, ) 
 
 > Ex. ofticiu. 
 T. {'. Abbot, Pres't of College, ) '" 
 
 BOARD OF CONTROL FOR RAILROADS. 
 
 J). Bethune Duffieli), Detroit. 
 
 John K. Boies, Hudson. 
 
 * Deceased in IbTS. 
 
msTonr of migiiiga^'. 
 
 107 
 
 NtK ['11 D.N S. COBIJ, 
 
 Byrox M. OLTcirEojf, . ' " ■ ■ ^^'''^'""^"o. 
 
 Darius Moxuoe, . ' ' " ' -^^•'i»'stec. 
 
 P. Dkax Waunk,;, ' . ' . ■ ' ' \ "'''"'«"• 
 
 i^i»i'niinf>-toii. 
 
 150ARI) OP COMMISSIONERS FOR Tiit^ ...,x 
 SIGN OF CHARITABLE PFVU P L™"^''^ «^'^^'«^'J- 
 ATORY IXSTITUTION^" ' ^'^^^^^^> ^^^^ REFORM- 
 
 OiiAKLES I. Walker, 
 WiLLiAK B. Williams, 
 riENRY W. Lord, . 
 ZebulojtK, Brockvvay, 
 
 CH,>„,.KsM.C„„,„vK..,S„rc<a,y, Adrian' 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 • Allegan. 
 Pontiac. 
 
 • DetroiL 
 
 JogEWr B. If AVILAND, 
 
 David J. Evans, '''•••• Acme. 
 
 Hay City. 
 J^^scunaba. 
 
 Samuel H. Selot^x, 
 
 HOARD OF STATE HKILDIXo COMMISSIONERS 
 (Jov.Jo,ixJ.BAGLEY,Chairma.,, 
 
 KBENE.ER O. GuosvExoR, Vice President ' * t ' 
 
 James Si„,.vHKR, . . '" ' '^^'x^sville. 
 
 Alexander CirAiwox, ' . ' . " ' ' ^^'*3^ ^fity. 
 
 ALLEN L. Bot-Rs, Secretary. Lansin. 
 
 "OARF) OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 Okoroe Clark, 
 
 • • . 
 
 Oeokqe H. Jerome, 
 
 Keorsc, 
 Niles. 
 
^. li 
 
 !* ' 
 
 I I 
 
 m 
 
 mm 
 
 108 
 
 HISTORY OF MIVHWAK. 
 
 BOARD OF STATE AUDITORS. 
 SfiCRETAHY 0J<' StATE, 
 
 State Tueasuree, 
 
 OOMMISSIOKER OF THE StATE LaNI) OfFICE. 
 
 STATE BOARD OF EQUALIZATION. 
 
 Lieutenant (Iovernoh, 
 
 Auditor General, 
 
 Secretary of State. 
 
 State Treasurer. 
 
 Commissioner of the State Land Office. 
 
 BOARD OF STATE CANVASSERS. 
 
 Secretary of State, 
 
 State Treasurer, 
 
 COMMI.SSrONER OF THE StATE LaND OfFICE. 
 
 BOARD FOR EXAMINATION OF CLAIMS C4R0WING OUT 
 OF SALE OF PUBLIC LANDS. 
 
 Commissioner of State Land Office, 
 
 State Treasurer. 
 
 Attorney Ceneral. 
 
 HOARD OF CONTROL ^OR RECLAMATION OF SWAMP 
 
 LANDS. 
 
 coveknou, 
 
 Secretary of State, 
 
 Auditor General, 
 
 State Treasurer, 
 
 Attorney General, 
 
 Commissioner of State Land Office. 
 
 mm 
 
HISTORY OF MIGHTQAN. 
 
 109 
 
 )X OF SWAMP 
 
 HOAHD OF CONTROL OF SAIIfT stp ^ .^ 
 OF THE PORTAGE LAKF 4 L r ' ^""^^^ ^"^^^I" ^ND 
 (.'ANAL. ^^^^ '^^^ r^^^KE SUPERIOR SHIP 
 
 (?0V£RN01{, 
 
 Auditor General, 
 State Treasureh. 
 
 BOARD OF FUND COMMISSIONERS. 
 'State Treasurer, 
 Auditor General, 
 'Secretary of State. 
 
 HOARD OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 
 Governor, 
 Superintendent of Public Instruction 
 
 PUKHIDENT OF THE StaTE «0ARD OF EdUCAtIoK. 
 
 HOARD OF INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT. 
 State Treasurer, 
 Secretary op State 
 Auditor (Jexeral. 
 
 Auditor (General, 
 
 State Treasurer, 
 
 Secretary of State. 
 
 Governor, 
 Inspectors of the State Prison. 
 
J 10 
 
 inSTOHY OF MiaillGAy. 
 
 I50AUD OF COMMISSIONERS TO SELECT SITE AND CON 
 STRUCT AN ADDITIONAL ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE. 
 
 E. ir. VAX Deiskv. 
 Amos Eathblx. 
 (teokok Haknahh, 
 
 . Kalamazoo. 
 (Irand Rapids. 
 South Havon. 
 
 T.OARD TO SELECT SITE AND PROCURE PLANS FOR A 
 STATE HOUSE OF CORRECTION. 
 
 Three pcivsoiis, citizens of tlio State, to ho appointed by tlic 
 (iovenior. 
 
 HOARD OF REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 James B. Anoell, LL, 1)., President ex officio. 
 
 Edwahd C. Walkeu, Detroit. 
 
 Ueorge AViLLARn Battle Creek. 
 
 Thomas D. Gilbert Grand Rapids. 
 
 Hiram A. Burt. Marquette. 
 
 Joseph Estabrook, Ypsilanti. 
 
 Jonas II. McGowan, . . . . , Coldwatci'. 
 
 Claudius B. Grant, Auii Arbor. 
 
 Charles Rynj), Adrian. 
 
 BOARD OF CONTROL OF THE STATE PUBLIC SCHOOL, 
 
 Gov. John J. Baglev, Detroit. 
 
 Caleb D. Randall, (Joldwator. 
 
 Charles E. Micklev, Adrian. 
 
 Julius S. Barber Ooldwator 
 
 BOARD OF CONTROL OF THE STATE REFORM SCHOOl,. 
 
 (lEORGE W. liEE Detroit, 
 
 Daniel L. Grossman, .... Williamstou. 
 Eli H. Davis Lansini?. 
 
inSTORV OP MWniGAN. 
 
 Ill 
 
 nppointcti by tlic 
 
 liUniL-a W. Tk.vsk. 
 
 • • . 
 
 CUAKLES T. MlTCIIKLL, 
 WlLLIAJI A. TOMLIKSOX, 
 
 Joseph Gjlmak. 
 
 * • • 
 
 JOSEPJL A. J3R0WN, M. J)., 
 
 Edwahd S. Lacev, 
 
 • Kalaniiizoo. 
 . HiUsdaJo. 
 
 • Kalamazoo. 
 . Paw Paw. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 • Oliarlotto. 
 
 iK).\I{D OF TRUSTEES OF THE Mfrnm . v ,v . 
 FOR THE EDUrATmAT r.r. ri ^"^"I^A.N I.NSTITUTIOX 
 THE BLIND ™''' ""^ ™ ^^^^^ AND DUMB. AND 
 
 ClIAKLES G. JOIIK-SOX, 
 
 William L. Smith, 
 iRvixo D. Hanscom, 
 
 Alonroo. 
 
 FlinL 
 
 Roiuco. 
 
 BOARD OF INSPECTORS OP THE STATE PRISON. 
 William S. Wilcox 
 
 LAFAYETTE W. LovEL. ' Adrian. 
 
 Albert A. Bliss, ..''■* ^''^'^^^^'Oo. 
 
 'Tackson. 
 
 MILITARY OFFICERS OF THE 
 
 STATE. 
 
 Goveri 
 
 mo. JoiiK J. Baolev, Counuander-iu-Chior. 
 Geu. John- Robertsox 
 
 (Vn w ' • . . Adjutant Geue-al. 
 
 <^en. Wflliam A. Tiiroop /» ^ 
 
 P„ n -^"Kooi. . . Quartermaster General 
 
 '^pn. Rl-ssell a. Akjpk r 
 
 • • • inspector General. 
 
IIMi 
 
 ittUirw 
 
 i 
 
 i I 
 
 m 
 
 mi m i!i 
 
 112 
 
 HISTORY OF MICIHOAK 
 
 Maj. Geohoe II. Hopkins, . Sec'y to ('ommander-ln-Chicf. 
 Maj. John Pclford, fudgo Advocate. 
 
 AIDS TO (.'OMMANDER-IN-CIIIEK. 
 
 Col. Groveh S. Wormeh, . . . . . Detroit. 
 Col. Frank Gorton, .... Sault Ste. Marie. 
 
 Col. Robert Burns, Kalamazoo. 
 
 Col. Charles Y. Osburn, Owosso. 
 
 STATE MILITARY BOARD. 
 
 Jerome Cuoul, 
 Charles E. Gris.son, 
 
 Detroit. 
 St. Johns. 
 
 MICHIGAN STATE LEGISLATURF-187 1-2. 
 
 TlIK SENATE. 
 
 MoR(JAX Bates, President, 
 
 FjORENZo p. Alexandei!, 
 
 Byron D. Ball, .... 
 
 Homer G. Barber, 
 
 .fosiAii W. Becjole, .... 
 
 Theodore G. Bennett, 
 
 EOBERT V. BrIGGS, .... 
 
 .James P. Cawley, 
 
 Isaac M. Cravath,* .... 
 
 Traverse City. 
 
 . Bucliauau. 
 
 (;lrand Rapid^. 
 
 Vernioiitville. 
 
 . Flint. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Wyandotte. 
 
 Moreuci. 
 
 Lansing. 
 
 *nicd May 4, 1BT-2. 
 
HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 113 
 
 mander-ln-Chicf. 
 .rudgo Advocate. 
 
 1". 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 Saulfc Ste. Marie. 
 
 Kalamazoo. 
 
 . Owosso. 
 
 Detroit. 
 St. Johns. 
 
 FRF- J 87-1 -2. 
 
 Tnivei'se City. 
 
 . Buchanan. 
 
 (errand RapicL-^. 
 
 Vermontvilie. 
 
 . Flint. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Wyandotte. 
 
 Moreuei. 
 
 Lansing. 
 
 John C. DrxTisn, . 
 Philip II. Emersox, 
 Mtlo L. Gay, 
 George IlAxxAirs, 
 Gilbert Hath e way,* 
 Bela AV. Jenks, 
 Emmanuel Mann, 
 Setii C. Moffatt, 
 Edward G. Morton, 
 James M. Neasmith, 
 Layman B. Price, 
 Abraham C. Prutzman, 
 Uzziel Putnam, Jr., 
 Caleb D. Eandall, 
 James W. Romeyn, 
 Alanson Sheley, 
 Francis B. Stockbridge. 
 William Stoddard, 
 Wales F. Storrs, 
 ^OHN C. Waterbury, 
 Harrison II. Wheeler, 
 Frank G. White, . 
 William S. Wilcox, . 
 Alfred B. Wood, . 
 
 • Ionia. 
 
 . Battle Creek. 
 
 Jlowell. 
 
 • South Haven. 
 
 New Baltimore. 
 
 . St. Clair. 
 
 Ann Arboi'. 
 
 • North port. 
 
 Monroe. 
 
 • Kalamazoo. 
 . Lakeville. 
 
 Three Rivers. 
 
 • Pokagon. 
 Coldwater. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 
 . Saiigatuck. 
 
 Litchfield. 
 
 Ooopersvillc. 
 
 Lexington. 
 
 AVenona. 
 
 • Calumet. 
 
 Adrian. 
 Saginaw. 
 
 Uenry S. Sleeper, Secretary, Galesbur-h 
 Henry Seymour, Sergeant- at- Ar.ns, Grand Rapid.. 
 
 * Died Oct. oe, ,ST., and ^^^<^..(^^^^7^~r^^^~~'' 
 15 
 
U ' 
 
 I-' il'tti 
 
 I'i I ■ 
 
 
 
 
 PI 
 
 1 
 
 ji|i 
 
 1* 
 
 4 
 
 i|i 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 h 
 
 k^ 
 
 .-4 
 
 114 
 
 nrsTonr of micuigan. 
 
 HOUSE OP 
 -lOKATIIAN J. WOODMAX, 
 
 John J. Adam, . 
 OscAu Adams, 
 Allen C. Adsit, 
 John L. ANDUEwy, 
 Makcus M. Atwood, 
 Horace T. Baunady, . 
 William E. Bates," . 
 William II. Buookway, 
 Geouge I. Brown, . 
 Alexander Cameron, 
 William Chamberlain. 
 JIenry p. Cherry. 
 Aaron Childw, 
 Joshua Clement, 
 Andrew Climie. 
 Lyman Cochrane, 
 James M. Conodon, 
 Alexander B. Copley, 
 John F. Col'lter, . 
 Archer H. Crane, 
 (Ieorge W. Crofoot, 
 Lawrence Dalton, . 
 Philo Doty, . 
 William J. Edwards, 
 Charles B. Fenton, 
 llicHARD Ferris, 
 
 KEPRESENTATIVES 
 
 ;er. 
 
 . Puw Prtw. 
 
 Tccnmseli. 
 
 Flint. 
 
 . Spring Lake. 
 
 . Milford. 
 
 Dansvillc, 
 
 Pompeii. 
 
 Ai: Ores. 
 
 Albion. 
 
 Battle Creek. 
 
 Kalamazoo. 
 
 . Three Oaks. 
 
 Johnstown. 
 
 Ypsilanti. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Leonidas. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 . Chelsea. 
 
 Decatur. 
 
 Niles. 
 
 Blissfielcl. 
 
 Pinckncy. 
 
 Dalton's Corners. 
 
 Jlagle. 
 
 . Nilcs. 
 
 Muckinac. 
 
 Bear Lake Mills. 
 
 " Resigned nnd succeeded by Isaac Makston. 
 
HISTORY OF MICniQAN. 
 
 Hi 
 
 Asa p. FLiinv, 
 Almon B. Frost, 
 Saml-el jr. Garfikld, 
 
 WlLLIASI D. flARIlISOX, 
 
 John Gibsox, 
 
 (JeORGL F. GlLLAJf, . 
 
 CLAL-uitTs B, Grant, . 
 Rojjert J. Grakt, 
 Patrick Go]{man, . 
 Edgar L. Gray, 
 Orson- Green. 
 John G re us el, . 
 Ira R. Grosvenor, 
 Bernard IIaack, 
 William Uarris, 
 Alvin X. Hart, 
 Harvey IIaynes, 
 Joun.IIaynes, . 
 James E. Hayu-ood, 
 Ezra Hazen, . 
 N^icnoLAs 1?. Hill. 
 Saml'el W. Hill, . 
 Charles E. Holland, 
 Henry H. Holt, . 
 Julius Houseman, . 
 William C. Hoyt, 
 Henry Huff, 
 ROSSELL B. HuaiiEs, 
 \VlLLlAM H. HURLBUT, 
 
 Benjamin W. Httston, Jr., 
 
 . IJockfonl. 
 Oakland. 
 
 • Grand Rapid?. 
 
 Vernon. 
 Detroit. 
 Bronsou. 
 Ann Arbor. 
 Hastings. 
 ■ Grafton. 
 Newaygo. 
 Geneva. 
 . Detroit. 
 Monroe. 
 Blumfleld. 
 . Rockland. 
 Lansing. 
 
 • Coldwater. 
 Midland Citj, 
 
 Port Hope. 
 
 Memphis, 
 
 Cedar Springs. 
 
 • Eagle River. 
 
 Hancock. 
 
 Muskegon. 
 
 Grand Rapids. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 
 • Jonesville. 
 • Bellevuc- 
 
 South Haven. 
 Vassar. 
 
II 
 
 
 
 116 
 
 IIISTOltY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 SnivEuicK Kellogq, . 
 
 COUNELIUS KnAPP, 
 
 Jacob C. Lamb, 
 John Landon,* 
 Charles D. Little, 
 James McGoneoal, 
 Eli R. Milleu, 
 Norton L. Miller, 
 RivjKARD C. Miller, 
 Charles R. Millington, 
 Joseph T. S. Mtnne, 
 Preston ^[itciiell, 
 William H. C. Mitchell, 
 Martix V. Montgomery, 
 James li. Mosiiier, . 
 Jason B. Norris, 
 Charles Y. Osburn, 
 John M. Oshorn, 
 Perry 1). Pearl, 
 Orlando R. Pattengill, 
 John L PiiiLLips,f . 
 Benjamin Pierson, . 
 Samuel Post, . 
 Deliverance S. Priest, 
 Almond B. Riford, 
 Hop ACE D. Rood, 
 Albert K. Roof, 
 John Roost, 
 
 . . . Eastoii. 
 
 . Rome Centre. 
 
 . A-.yden 
 
 Parma. 
 
 Saginaw. 
 
 , . Detroit. 
 
 Richland. 
 
 Mount Clemens. 
 
 Greenville. 
 
 . Constantine. 
 
 St. Clair. 
 
 . Marehall. 
 
 East Traverse Bay. 
 
 . Eaton Rapids. 
 
 . Linden. 
 
 , Cambria Mills. 
 
 . Owosso. 
 
 Hudson. 
 
 Belleville. 
 
 . Plymontli- 
 
 Pine Run. 
 
 Farmington. 
 
 Ypsllanti. 
 
 Romeo. 
 
 Benton Harbor. 
 
 Lapeer. 
 
 Lyons. 
 
 Holla ml. 
 
 * Died March liUli, l-^Tl, nnd Bucccodcd by Hiram C. IImdoe. 
 + Diod .Tann iry St!i, 1S7.', and succeeded by Fredebick Walker. 
 
 f!l' ! 
 
mSTORY OF MICmOAN. 
 
 117 
 
 G1LE8 Ross, 
 
 ' • • 
 
 IIlRAM D. KUNYAK, . 
 
 Flu jjK L. Smith, . 
 John J. Slmnku, 
 
 AlubhT p. SwrXEFOKD, . 
 SlJIEOX M. TUAYEK, . 
 BUACKY TOBEY, 
 
 ' • • 
 
 UowLANO S. Vav Scoy, 
 JoHx Walkku, 
 
 ' • • 
 
 Jacoji Walto ;, . 
 Charles AV. Watkins, 
 Alansou J. Weusteh, 
 Fkeuerick L. Wells, . 
 Dauwix 0. White, . 
 -Tames A. Williams, 
 
 ^'KLsoN 1}. Jones. Cleric, Lansing. 
 "''''"'' U^^''>E«"'00D, Sergeant-at-Arms, Adrian 
 
 lligliliind. 
 • Disoo. 
 tTapk^oii, 
 Lanibcrtvillc. 
 Marfjucttc, 
 Mindon. 
 Stiirgis. 
 Maple Uapida. 
 Cooper. 
 Adrian. 
 • Way] and. 
 I'ontiac. 
 ■Port Huron, 
 Sou til field. 
 Qniney. 
 
 MICHIGAN STATE LEGISLATURE- 
 
 187.'^/i, 
 
 THE SENATE. 
 
 Uknky ir. Holt, President, . 
 
 David Axdersok 
 adam Beattie, 
 Mark S. Brewer, 
 Ika II. Bl-tterfield. 
 
 ' • • . 
 
 Muskegon. 
 i5oar Lake Mills. 
 
 Ovid. 
 
 Pontiac. 
 
 Lapeer. 
 
118 
 
 iiinrony of micjiwas. 
 
 i 
 
 111, 
 
 Ill's < 
 
 ( I" ' 
 
 I " 
 
 1^ 
 
 ,1. WkIISTKU ('JIII.l)S, 
 
 IIenuy H. Clliju, 
 MoKEAU S. Cuosny, 
 Jakes L. ('luuy, 
 
 C'UAMLES V. DeLAND, . 
 
 ((EOKOE M. Dewey, 
 IIam'h Ely, . 
 riiiLip H. Emekhox, 
 James M. Goodell. 
 
 KufJAR L. CUAV, 
 
 IIekry H. Hinds, 
 Edwin B. Isiiam, 
 Nathan (J. Kino, 
 John N. Mellen, 
 (;iiAnu:s E. Mickley, . 
 William H. C. Mitchell, 
 Jonas 11. M(;(Iowan, . 
 James M. Neasmitii, 
 Abraham C. Pkutzmax. 
 David M. 1{iciiaiidson, 
 
 TiEVI Sl'AUKS, . 
 
 William Stoddaud,* . 
 John J. Sumnek, 
 William C. Suttox, . 
 Kreduick L. Wells, 
 William IJ. Wesson, . 
 Harrison H. Wiieeleh, 
 ^[ark D. Wilder, 
 
 Ypsilanti. 
 
 (Iriind Haven. 
 
 (iraiid Kapicb. 
 
 Olio. 
 
 East Suginuw. 
 
 Hustings. 
 
 Almu. 
 
 . liuttlo Creek. 
 
 Cornnnn. 
 
 Newaygo. 
 
 Stanton. 
 
 Ncgaunec. 
 
 . Brooklyn. 
 
 . Ilomco. 
 
 Adrian. 
 
 East 'I'ravorse Bay. 
 
 Coldwatcr. 
 
 . Sclioolcraft. 
 
 . 'I'broo Rivers. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 Jiiiclianaii. 
 
 Litchfield. 
 
 . J^ambertville. 
 
 . Dearborn. 
 
 I'ort Huron. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 . Wenonii. 
 
 Allcjran. 
 
 James H. Stone, )Sccrctary, Kalamazoo. 
 William P. Burdick, Sergeant-at-Arms, Saginaw. 
 
 *Dicd 1S;3. 
 
mSTOUY OF MTcmOAN. 
 
 no 
 
 HOUSE OF KIOPHKSKN 
 CHARLES M. CnoHWKLr. Hpoakcr, 
 
 FllANCIH AOKLEY. 
 SULUVAV AllMSTROXa 
 FitEDERICK G, I{Air,EV 
 
 Ira J I. IJARTiroLOMfiw. 
 NAMi'Kr, If. Blackman, 
 
 KVA\ J. UoNrNK, . 
 
 ' • • . 
 
 Thomas If. IJottomley, 
 Kdward Hrkituno. . 
 Kdwari) L. Uhioos, 
 -John C. Hhuxson, 
 
 -foifN L. liUKLL, . , ^ 
 
 .Fameh lUntxf, . 
 
 Horace II. (Iady. 
 
 • • • 
 
 James Cai'lis, 
 .roiiN Carter, 
 Merritt >f. ClIAFEy, 
 
 William Chamberlain, 
 A.vDREw Climie, 
 Thomas S. Cobb, . . ^ 
 Frederick W. Collixm. 
 I'eter Cook, . . ^ 
 William V. Cl'rtis, 
 Daniel W. Dixti-rff, 
 William Drake, 
 ''OHX R Dreav, 
 Hexry I). Edwards 
 
 EliKNEZER S. EaOLESTON. 
 
 Ij^^ac a. Faxcher. . 
 
 TATIVES. 
 
 • Adrian. 
 St. Cliiirleg. 
 Newaygo. 
 Vernon. 
 Lansing. 
 • Paw Paw. 
 Nilc8. 
 Capao. 
 Negaunec. 
 
 • (I'rand Kupide. 
 
 Victor. 
 Menominee. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 Mt. Clemen!-. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 Milford. 
 
 Manistee. 
 Three Oaks. 
 
 Leonidas. 
 
 Kalaniajjoo. 
 
 Middleville. 
 
 •Saline. 
 
 • Ilaiiley. 
 Fowlcrville. 
 
 • Am boy. 
 Jackson. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 Grand Rapids. 
 
 • Mt. Pleasant. 
 
m 
 
 mm 
 
 *-1:b: 
 
 'r 
 
 ISO 
 
 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 Thomas A. Fkruuson, 
 CoNUAi) Fey, . 
 Samuel II. Gaufield, 
 Jan W. (Jaiivemnk, 
 
 AUTIIUIt I). GlLMOllE, . 
 
 Levi N. (Jooniucir, . 
 Hexky Gordon, . 
 Clauuius B, Grant, 
 Edward II. Green, 
 John Greiisel, 
 RouERT A. Haire, . 
 WiLLiAAi Harris, 
 James E. Haywood, 
 
 GlIRISTIAN IIeRTZLEU, 
 
 Alexander Hewitt, . 
 liiciiARD M. Hoar, . 
 
 OrCOTT V. HOSNER, 
 
 Henry Howard, 
 John P. Hoyt, 
 SmvERioK Kellogg, 
 (Jeoroe Kipp, 
 Alonzo S. Knapp, . 
 Jacob C. Lamr, 
 George Lewis, . 
 James K. Lockwood, . 
 Charles 1). Luce, . 
 Matthew ^Iarkey, 
 Eli R. Miller, 
 Richard C. :Miller, 
 Preston Mitchell, . 
 
 Slicrmaii. 
 
 East Saginaw. 
 
 Grand Riipids. 
 
 Graafschap. 
 
 . Blissfielil. 
 
 Goncord. 
 
 . Flat Hock. 
 
 Ann Arbor. 
 
 Charlevoix. 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Spring Lake. 
 
 Rockland. 
 
 Port Hope. 
 
 Eric. 
 
 . Hillsdale. 
 
 Houghton. 
 
 Frankfort. 
 
 . Port Huron. 
 
 , Caro. 
 
 Ionia. 
 
 . Goodrich. 
 
 . South Lyon. 
 
 Drjden. 
 
 . Ray City. 
 
 Alpena. 
 
 Osseo. 
 
 Springwells. 
 
 Richland. 
 
 Greenville. 
 
 Marshall. 
 
mSTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 in 
 
 Charles II. Moitsi:, 
 Michael J. Xoyes, . 
 Thomas O'Dell, , 
 Fayette Parso>\s, . 
 Aaron Perrv, 
 0NESiii(;8 0. Pierce, 
 Deliverance S. Priest, 
 Lawrence T. Kemer, 
 John T. Pich, 
 Thomas C. Ripley, . 
 Solon, E. Poihnson, 
 Alexander Eoiiertson, 
 Elias 0. Pose, 
 RonoLPHus Sanderson, 
 WiNFiELD Scott, . 
 William Sessions, . 
 
 Henry A. Shaw, . 
 
 Emery II. Simpson, . 
 
 LeGrand J. Smith, 
 
 John J. Speed, . 
 
 OiLBERT Striker, . 
 
 Henry P. Thomas, . 
 
 Charles C. Thompson, 
 
 Georoe W. Van Aken, . 
 
 Rowland S. Van Scoy, 
 
 Arnold Walker, . 
 
 Benjamin Walker,''^ 
 
 Frederick Walker. 
 John AValker, 
 
 f^Evi Walker,='= . 
 
 Js'ew Haven Centre. 
 Chelsea. 
 • WilliamsvilJe. 
 Burr Oak. 
 . Oakland. 
 Pedford. 
 Ponieo. 
 • East China. 
 Elba. 
 Saginaw. 
 . Marshall. 
 Pokagon. 
 Pig Papids. 
 Pat tie Creek. 
 jVorthville. 
 • Ionia. 
 
 • Eaton Papids 
 
 Hartford. 
 
 • Addison. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 • Hastings. 
 
 Allegan. 
 Whitehall. 
 Cold water. 
 • Maple Papids. 
 Leslie. 
 Perry. 
 Mount Morris. 
 Cooper. 
 
 • . Flint. 
 
 10 
 
 ♦ Died 1873. 
 
ii 
 
 122 
 
 HISTORY Oh MICHIGAN. 
 
 Jacob Walton, .... 
 
 Asa K. Warken, .... 
 
 Charles W. Watkins, 
 
 Erwin C. Watkins, 
 
 Henry B. Welch, 
 
 Erastus J. Welker, . . . 
 
 Thomas J. West, . 
 
 Amos R. Wheeler, .... 
 
 William H. Withington, . 
 
 Daniel Wixson, .... 
 
 Elisha Zimmerman, 
 
 Daniel L. Grossman, Clerk, 
 Edward M. Fitch, Sergeant-at- 
 
 Adrian. 
 
 . Oliveh 
 
 . Wayland. 
 
 Rockford. 
 
 Monroe. 
 
 Kinderhook. 
 
 . Milburg. 
 
 Benona. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Lexiugtoii. 
 
 Pontiac. 
 
 Williamston. 
 
 Arras, Allegan. 
 
 ii 
 
mSTORY OF MiauiGAy. 
 
 123 
 
 NEWSPAPERS AND PERIOD 
 
 ICALS 
 
 PUBLISHED IN MICHIGAN I\ 187«. 
 
 ALLEGAN COUNXy. 
 
 Allegan Journal, weekly, 
 
 Allegan County Democrat, weekly, . 
 
 Lake Shore Commercial, weekly, 
 
 Kepr.blic, weekly, . ^ 
 
 •Vews, weeklv, 
 
 " • ' • .. 
 
 ALPENA COUNTY. 
 
 Alpeua County Pioneer, weeklv, 
 Alpena Argus, weekly, 
 
 ANTRIM COUNTY. 
 
 Traverse IJay Progress, weekly, 
 
 J!AURY COUNTY. 
 
 Republican Banner, weeklv 
 
 Home Journal, weekly, 
 
 Barry County Kojmblican, weekly, 
 
 HAY COUNTY. 
 
 Chronicle and Journal, daily and weekly, 
 'tribune, daily and weekly, 
 ^eitung, weekly, . , 
 Wenona Herald, weeklv 
 'lumberman's Gazette, montlilv, 
 
 AUegaii, 
 
 • Allegan. 
 . Saugatuck. 
 
 Plainwell. 
 Wayland. 
 
 Alpena. 
 
 • Alpena. 
 
 Elk Kapids. 
 
 • Hastings. 
 
 Hastings, 
 
 Middleville. 
 
 • Bay City. 
 
 Bay City. 
 
 ■ Bay City. 
 
 AVenona. 
 
 Bay City. 
 

 m n 
 
 ! 
 ! 
 
 124 
 
 niSTORT OP MICHIOAN. 
 
 BENZIE COUNTY. 
 
 Frankfort Weekly Express, 
 Benzie County Journal, weekly, 
 
 CEUUIEN COUNTY. 
 
 Niles Kepublicaii, weekly, . 
 
 Niles Democrat, weekly, . . . . 
 
 Berrien County EecorJ, weekly, 
 
 St. Joseph Traveler, weekly, 
 
 St. Joseph Herald, weekly, . 
 
 Benton Harbor Palladium, weekly, . 
 
 Michigan Teacher, monthly, 
 
 BRANCH COUNTY. 
 
 Coldwater Republican, weekly. 
 Cold water Reporter, weekly, 
 Quincy Times, Aveekly, 
 Union City Register, weekly, . 
 AVesteru Penman, monthly, 
 
 CALHOUN COUNTY'. 
 
 Battle Creek Journal, daily and weekly, 
 
 Michigan Tribuue, weekly, . 
 
 Review and Herald, weekly, . 
 
 Our Age, weekl}-, .... 
 
 Marshall Statesman, weekly, . 
 
 Marshall Expounder, weekly, 
 
 Albion Mirror, weekly, . . . , 
 
 Albion Recorder, Aveekly, 
 
 Index, weekly, 
 
 Register, weekly, 
 
 Health Reformer, monthly, . 
 
 Frankfort. 
 . Benzbuia. 
 
 Niles. 
 
 Nilcs. 
 
 Buchanan. 
 
 St. Joseph. 
 
 St. Joseph. 
 
 Benton Harbor. 
 
 . Niles. 
 
 . Coldwater. 
 
 Coldwater. 
 
 Quincy. 
 
 Union City. 
 
 . Coldwater. 
 
 . Battle Creek. 
 
 Battle Creek. 
 
 . Battle Creek. 
 
 Battle Creek. 
 
 Marshal!, 
 
 Alarshali. 
 
 Albion. 
 
 Albion. 
 
 Homer. 
 
 Tekonsha. 
 
 . Battle Creek. 
 
ITISTORT OF MICUIGAN. 
 
 125 
 
 Youth's Instructor, monthly, 
 Advent Tidings, monthly, 
 
 CASS COUA-TY. 
 
 Cass County Republican, weekly, 
 National Democrat, weekly. 
 The Vigilant, weekly, . 
 
 C'lIAULEVOIX COUNTY. 
 
 Charlevoix Sentinel, weekly, 
 
 CHEBOYGAN COUNTY. 
 
 Cheboygan AYeekly Independent, . 
 
 CLARB COUNTY. 
 
 The Register, weoMv. 
 
 J ' * • • , 
 
 CLINTON ( OUNTY. 
 
 Clinton County Republican, weekly, 
 Clinton Independent, Aveekly, 
 Ovid Register, weekly, . 
 
 DELTA COUNTY. 
 
 Escanabu Tribune, weekly, 
 
 EATON COUNTY, 
 
 Charlotte Republican, weekly, 
 Democratic Leader, weekly, 
 Bellevue Weekly Gazette, 
 Eaton Rapids Journal, weekly, . 
 Grand Ledge Independent, weekly, 
 College Express, monthly, . 
 
 GENESEE COCNTY. 
 
 i^lint Globe, weekly, 
 
 Wolverine Citizen, weekly, * . . 
 
 Battle Creek. 
 • Battle Creek. 
 
 . Dowagiac. 
 Cassopolis. 
 
 • Cassopolis- 
 
 • Charlevoix. 
 Cheboygan. 
 
 Farwell. 
 
 St. Johns. 
 
 St. Johns. 
 
 Ovid. 
 
 Escanaba. 
 
 • Charlotte. 
 Charlotte. 
 
 . Bellevue. 
 
 Eaton Rapids. 
 
 Grand Ledge. 
 
 • Olivet. 
 
 Flint. 
 
 • Flint. 
 
■ 'm ■•!; 
 
 5 m! 
 'm 
 
 12(5 
 
 mSTORY OF MICmOAK 
 
 still 
 
 
 Oenesee Democrat, weekly, . 
 
 Fentou Gazette, weekly, .... 
 
 Fenton Independent, weekly, 
 
 GRAND TRAVERSE COUNTY. 
 
 Traverse Bay Eagle, weekly, 
 OrancI Traverse TIerald, Aveekly, 
 
 GRATIOT COUNTY. 
 
 <Tratiot Uoiinty Journal, weekly, 
 
 St. Louis Herald, weekly, . . . . 
 
 HILLSDALE COUNTY. 
 
 Jones ville Independent, weekly, . 
 Hillsdale Standard, weekly, 
 
 ilillsdale Democrat, weekly 
 
 Hillsdale Business, weekly, 
 
 Bough Notes, weekly. 
 
 UOUGUTON COUNTY. 
 
 Portage Lake Mining Gazette, weekly, 
 Northwestern Mining Journal, weekly, 
 
 HURON COUNTY. 
 
 Huron County News, weekly, . 
 
 INOilAM COUNTV. 
 
 Lansing State Bepublican, weekly, 
 
 Lansing Journal, weekly, 
 
 Ingham County News, weekly, 
 
 Williamstou Enterprise, weekly, 
 
 Leslie Herald, weekly, 
 
 IONIA COUNTY. 
 
 Flint. 
 
 . Fentouville. 
 
 Fentonville. 
 
 Traverse City. 
 Traverse Citv. f 
 
 Ionia Sentinel, weekly, 
 
 Ithaca. 
 St. Louis. 
 
 . Jonesville, 
 
 Hillsdale. 
 
 Hillsdale. 
 
 Hillsdale. 
 
 Reading. 
 
 Houghton. 
 Hancock. 
 
 Port Austin. 
 
 Lansing. 
 
 . Lansing. 
 
 Mason. 
 
 Williamstou. 
 
 . Leslie. 
 
 louiii. 
 
 
 iillW 
 
HISTORY OF MWIIIOAN. 
 
 127 
 
 Traverse City. 
 Traverse Citv. 
 
 Ithaca. 
 St. Louis. 
 
 . Port Austin. 
 
 Ionia Standard, weekly, 
 Advertiser, weekly, . 
 Advertiser, weekly, 
 Grand River Herald, weekly, 
 
 IOSCO COUNTV. 
 
 Iosco Oonnty Gazette, weekly, 
 
 ISABELLA COrNTY. 
 
 Isabella Oonnty Enterprise, weekly, 
 
 ACKSOJT COINTV. 
 
 Jackson Citizen, daily and weekly, 
 Jackson Patriot, daily and weekly, . 
 Concord News, weekly, 
 
 KALAMAZOO COUKTY. 
 
 Kalamazoo Telegraph, daily and weekly, 
 Kalamazoo Gazette, weekly, 
 Schoolcraft Despatch, weekly, 
 
 Torchlight and Herald, fortnightly, 
 Michigan Freemason, monthly, 
 
 KEXT COUNTY. 
 
 'irand Rapids Kngle, daily and weekly, 
 '«rand Rapids Times, daily and weekly, . 
 <'i'a"d Rapids Dcmocral, daily and weekl v, . 
 f^owellJonrnal, weekly, 
 
 W'olverinc Clipper, weekly, . 
 
 Hogistcr. wcokly, 
 
 LAKE COUNTY, 
 
 i^ake County 8tai-, weekly, 
 
 • Ionia. 
 
 Portland. 
 
 Ifnbhardston. 
 
 Muir. 
 
 Tawas City, 
 ^It Pleasant. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 • Jackson. 
 
 Concord. 
 
 • Kalamazoo. 
 Kalamazoo. 
 
 . Schoolcraft, 
 Kalamazoo, 
 
 • Kalamazoo. 
 
 Crand Rapida. 
 Grand Rapids, 
 Grand Rapids. 
 Lowell. 
 Cedar Springs. 
 Rockford. 
 
 Chase. 
 
I 
 
 I: i; 
 
 f'nr^: 
 
 
 1 
 
 ' I i 
 
 ViS 
 
 mSTOHY OF MICmOAN. 
 
 I.APEEU COUXTY. 
 
 Weekly Clarion, . . . . . . . Lapeer. 
 
 Democrat, weekl}', . Lapeer. 
 
 LEELANAW COUNTT. 
 
 TiOelanaw Tribune, weekly, "Nortliport. 
 
 LENAWEE COUNTY. 
 
 Adrian Times and Expositor, daily and weekly, . Adrian. 
 Adrian IVess, daily and weekly, .... Adrian. 
 
 Adrian Journal, weekly, Adrian. 
 
 Auzeiger (Gei'man), weekly, Adrian. 
 
 Hudson Post, weekly, Hudson. 
 
 Hudson Gazette, weekly, Hudson. 
 
 Kew Era, weekly, Morenci. 
 
 Raisin Valley Eecortl, weekly, .... Tecumseli. 
 Tecnraseli Herald, weekly, Tecumseli. 
 
 LIVIXGSTON COUXTY. 
 
 Livingston County Republican, weekly. . . Howell. 
 
 Livingston Democrat, weekly, Howell. 
 
 Brigbton Citizen, weekly, Brighton. 
 
 MACOMB COUXTY. 
 
 Mt. Clemens Monitor, weekly, . . . Mt. Clemens. 
 Mt. Clemens Press, Aveekly, . . . . Mt. Clemens. 
 Mt. Clemens Reporter, weekly, . . . Mt. Clemons. 
 
 MAXISTJ:E COUXTY. 
 
 Manistee Times, weekly, . . . . . Manistee. 
 Manistee Standard,* weekly, .... Manistee. 
 
 * Two weekly nowspapers of Uils name arc published at ManUtcf,— one by Fowitn, 
 the other by XIoffman. 
 
msToar of Michigan, 
 
 129 
 
 • • 
 
 ly, 
 
 Lapeer. 
 . Lapeer. 
 
 . North port. 
 
 Adrian. 
 
 . Adrian. 
 
 Adrian. 
 
 . Adrian. 
 
 Hudson. 
 
 . Hudson. 
 
 Morenci. 
 
 Tccumseli. 
 
 . Tccumseli. 
 
 Ilowell. 
 
 . Howell. 
 
 Brighton. 
 
 Mt. Cleuiens. 
 Mt. Clemens. 
 Mt. Clemens. 
 
 Manistee. 
 Manistee. 
 
 niftcc,— one by Fowxeb, 
 
 MABQUETTE COUNiy, 
 
 Mining Jo u run], weekly, 
 
 MASOxV C'OirxTV. 
 
 Musou County Kecord, weekly, 
 Lndington Weekly Appeal, . 
 
 MECOSTA COLNTV. 
 
 Mecosta County Pioneer, Avcekly, 
 The Magnet, weekly, 
 
 M£NOMl}fEE roiTNTY. 
 
 Menominee Herald, weekly, 
 Lumberman and Miner, weekly. 
 
 MlDLANIi COUXTY. 
 
 Midland Independent, weekly, 
 Midland Times, wceklv, 
 
 MOKKOE COL-NTY. 
 
 Monroe Commercial, weekly, 
 Monroe Monitor, weekly, 
 Dundee Enterprise, weekly, 
 
 MOXTCALM COUNTY. 
 
 Montcalm Herald, weekly, 
 Greenville Independent, weekly. 
 Cireenville Democrat, weekly, 
 Howard Record, weekly, . , , 
 
 MUSKEGOX COUNTT. 
 
 Muskegon Chronicle, weekly, 
 Muskegon Kews and Reporter, weeklj-, 
 Mnskegon Gazette and Bulletin, weekly, ' 
 
 . Marquette. 
 
 Ludington. 
 ■ Ludington. 
 
 • Big Rapids. 
 Big Rapids. 
 
 Menominee. 
 • Menominee. 
 
 Midland Citr. 
 Midland City. 
 
 • Monroe. 
 Monroe- 
 Dundee. 
 
 Stanton. 
 
 Greenville. 
 
 Greenville. 
 
 Howard City. 
 
 Muskegon, 
 Muskegon. 
 Muskegon. 
 
130 
 
 HISTORY i)F mvniQAis, 
 
 mm 
 
 III 
 
 Whitehall Forum, weekly, 
 Michigan Lumbermnn, monthly, . 
 
 XEWAYCiO COUNTY. 
 
 Xowuygu Kei)ubli('iin, weekly, 
 
 OAKLAND COUNTY. 
 
 Pontiac Gazette, weekly, . , 
 
 Pojitiac Bill Poster, weekly. 
 
 Holly Kegist'i, weekly, . . . . 
 
 Milford Times, Aveekly, 
 
 Uochester Era, weekly, . . . , 
 
 OCEANA COUNTY'. 
 
 Peiitwater Xews, weekly, . . . . 
 Oceana Times, weekly, .... 
 Oceann, County .ronrnal, Aveekly, 
 
 ONTONAGON COUNTY. 
 
 Lake Superior Miner, weekly, 
 
 OSCEOLA COUNTV. 
 
 . Osceola Outline, weekly, 
 Evart Review, weekly, . . . . 
 Reed City Clarion, weekly, . 
 
 OTTAAVA COUNTY. 
 
 Grand Haven Herald, weekly. 
 
 Grand Haven News, weekly. 
 
 Independent, weekly, .... 
 
 De Hope (Dutch), weekly, 
 
 De Grondwet (Duhh), weekly, 
 
 ])e Hollander (Dutch), weekly, 
 
 De Watcher (Dutch), semi-monthly, 
 
 Whitehall. 
 Muskegon. 
 
 NewavL'd, 
 
 Pouime, 
 Pontiai'. 
 
 . Holly. 
 Milford, 
 
 Rochester. 
 
 Pent water, 
 
 Pentwater, 
 
 Hart. 
 
 Ontonagon, 
 
 Hersey. 
 
 . Evart. 
 
 . Reed City. 
 
 Grand Haven. 
 
 Grand Haven. 
 
 Spring Lake. 
 
 Holland. 
 
 Hollana, 
 
 I loiiand. 
 
 . Holluud. 
 
///sronv OF MwiiwAx. 
 
 181 
 
 SAGIKAAV COUNTY. 
 
 Saginaw EMfcerprisc, daily and weekly, 
 Saginaw Courier, daily and weekly, 
 Snginaw Zeitiing (German), weekly, 
 Sag iiaw Kepublican, weekly, 
 Saginawian, weekly, .... 
 
 Chesaning Times, weekly, . 
 
 SANILAC COINTY. 
 
 Sanilnc.lt ffersonian, weekly, , 
 
 SHIAWASSEE COUNT'S-. 
 
 Shiawassee American, weekly, 
 Owosso Weekly Press, 
 Owosso Crusader, weekly, . 
 
 ST. CLAIIl COUNTY. 
 
 Poi I Huron Times, daily and weekly, . 
 
 Port Huron Commercial, weekly, 
 
 St. Clair Kepublican, Aveekly, 
 
 Terra Firma, monthly, ... 
 
 ST. .rOSEPir COUNTY. 
 
 Weekly Mercury, .... 
 
 Sturgls Journal, Aveokly, 
 
 Three Birers Reporter, weekly, . 
 
 St. Joseph County Democrat, weekly, . 
 
 St. Joseph County Republican, weekly. . 
 
 •Vrendonian. ' .'kly, .... 
 
 TUSCOLA < or. STY. 
 
 Tuscola Advertiser, weekly. 
 Tuscola County Pioneer, weekly, . 
 
 East Saginaw. 
 
 East Saginaw. 
 
 Kast Saginaw. 
 
 Saginaw. 
 
 . Saginaw. 
 
 . Chesaning. 
 
 liPxingt 
 
 on. 
 
 Corunim. 
 
 . Owosso. 
 
 Owosso. 
 
 Port Huron. 
 
 . Port Huron. 
 
 • St. Clair. 
 
 Port Huron. 
 
 Constantine. 
 
 Sturgis. 
 
 i liree Rivers. 
 
 'I'liree Rivers. 
 
 Centreville. 
 
 Men don. 
 
 Caro. 
 Vassar. 
 
 [1 
 
132 
 
 HISTORY OF memo AX 
 
 I 
 
 It ' 
 
 VAX DLHEN COrNTT. 
 
 Pttw Paw Courier, weekly, 
 
 True Northerner, weekly, . . . , 
 
 Lawtoti Tribune, weekly, 
 
 Vnn Buren Republican, weekly, 
 
 Hartford Day Spring, weekly, 
 
 Weekly Journal, 
 
 J3reoclsville Messenger, weekly, 
 South Haven Sentinel, weekly. 
 
 . Paw Paw, 
 
 Paw Paw. 
 
 Law ton, 
 
 Decatur, 
 
 . Hartford. 
 
 . Bangor. 
 
 Breedsville. 
 
 . South Haven. 
 
 WASHTENAW COUNTY. 
 
 Ann Arbor Register, weekly, .... Ann Arbor. 
 
 Michigan Argus, Aveekly, Ann Arbor. 
 
 Peninsula Courier and Family Visitant, weekly, Ann Arbor. 
 
 Chelsea Herald, weekly, Chelsea. 
 
 Dexter Leader, weekly, Dexter. 
 
 Manchester Enterprise, weekly, .... Manchester. 
 
 Saline Review, weekly, Saline. 
 
 Ypsilanti Commercial, weekly, .... Ypsilanti. 
 Ypsilanti Sentinal, weekly, .... Ypsilanti. 
 
 The Chronicle (T^niversity), semi-monthl}-, . . Ann Arbor. 
 
 WAYNE COUNTY. 
 
 Detroit Post, daily, tri-weekly, and weekl}', . . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit Tribune, daily, tri-weekly, and weekly, . . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit Free Press, daily, tri-weekly, and weekly, . Detroit. 
 
 Daily Union, daily and Aveekly, Detroit. 
 
 Daily Evening News, daily and weekly, . . Detroit. 
 
 Michigan Journal (German), daily and weekly, . Detroit. 
 
 Michigan Volksblatt (German), daily and weekly, . Detroit. 
 
 Daily Abend Post (German), daily and weekly, . Detroit. 
 
 M 
 
msToitr OF MicmoAx. 
 
 1.38 
 
 . I'tiw Puw. 
 
 Paw Paw. 
 
 Law ton, 
 
 Docatur. 
 
 . Ilnrtford. 
 
 . Bangor. 
 
 JJrccdsvilli'. 
 
 South Haven. 
 
 Ann Arbor. 
 
 . Ann Arbor. 
 
 kly, Ann Arbor. 
 
 Chelsea. 
 
 Dexter. 
 
 . Manchester. 
 
 Saline. 
 
 Ypsilanti. 
 
 Ypsilanti. 
 
 . Ann Arbor. 
 
 rommercial Advertiser and Michigan Homo 
 weekly, .... 
 
 Journal of Commerce, weekly, 
 
 Mechanic and Inventor, weekly, 
 
 Western Home Journal, weekly, 
 
 Michigan Farmer, weekly. 
 
 Mystic Star, monthly, . 
 
 Vankee Land, monthly. . 
 
 Keview of Medicine, montlily, . 
 
 Peninsular Journal of Medicine, monthly, 
 
 American Observer, monthly, . 
 
 'Song Journal, monthly, . 
 
 N'orthvillo Record, weekly, 
 
 Wyandotte Enterprise, weekly. 
 
 WEXFORD rOfXTY. 
 
 WcKford County Pioneer, weekly, 
 C'iarn Lake ^qws, weeklv, 
 
 ■Journal, 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 Detroit. 
 
 • Detroit. 
 Detroit. 
 
 . Detroit. 
 
 • ^''orthville. 
 
 • Wyandotte. 
 
 Sherman. 
 Clam Lake. 
 
 1}% 
 
 ly, 
 
 Detroit. 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit. 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit. 
 . Detroit. 
 
 Detroit. 
 . Detroit. 
 
i , ■ ■■'!! 
 
 SI 
 
 134 
 
 HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. 
 
 COPIES OF DOCUMENTS 
 
 DEPOSITED IN THE CORNER-STONE OF THE TERRITO- 
 RIAL CAPITOL, ERECTED AT DETROIT IN 1823. 
 
 ' !'!' 
 
 HISTORICAL MEMORANDA. 
 
 Canada was first taken possession of by the French in 
 1608. 
 
 Detroit became an important military post, garrisoned by 
 the French, in 1683, being one of an extended chain of 
 military posts established by the French in North America. 
 
 With other possessions of the French in this part of North 
 America, Detroit was surrendered by that power to the Kin<r 
 of Great Britain, by the Treaty of Paris, 1763. 
 
 By the Treaty of Peace, September 3d, 1783, it was recog- 
 nized by the British Government as an integral part of the 
 Ignited States of America. 
 
 And in pursuance of the Treaty of the 19th of November. 
 1794, it was taken possession of by General Anthony Wayxe. 
 in the name of the Ignited States of America, July, 1796. 
 
 '■^.^iwi'p 
 
 I H M M I H .1 .^w 
 
mSTORy OF MIVHIOAN 
 
 135 
 
 THE TERRITO- 
 
 [T IN 1833. 
 
 the French in 
 
 it-, garrisoned by 
 ;encled chain of 
 orth America, 
 is part of North 
 wer to the King 
 
 83, it was recog" 
 ^ral part of the 
 
 th of Kovemher. 
 [THONY Wavxe. 
 , July, 179(i. 
 
 NAMES OF THE OFFICERS WHO PRi,s,BED WHE^ r.v 
 ING THE CORNER-STONE OF TEE coLTl 
 TH. CITY OF BETROIT, SEPT ^I L ""'' '^ 
 
 R. \\'. Bio. WjiiTjfEy, 
 
 RiSDON, 
 
 Smyth, 
 
 •SCHWARZ, 
 
 H. I. Hl\nt, . 
 J. Abbatt, . 
 C'. S. Payne, 
 t'. Jacksox, . 
 J. Moors, . 
 Rowland, 
 woodwoktu, 
 Fletciieb, . 
 •Sherwood, 
 
 'W^o following coins wore contained ,n the box : 
 
 Silver $1.00, 
 
 Silver 50c. . ' " ' 
 
 * ■ • . , 
 
 Silver 25e. 
 
 Silver 10c. 
 
 Copper If. . _ " ■ ■ 
 
 Copper ie, . . " * " 
 
 • Grand Afaster, 
 Deputy Grand Master, 
 Past Master, 
 Senior Grand Warden. 
 Junior Grand Warden. 
 Grand Treasurer, 
 • Grand Secretarv. 
 Senior Grand Deacon. 
 Junior (:Jrand Deacon. 
 . Grand Marshal. 
 Grand Marshal. 
 Grand Chaplain. 
 Grand Tiler. 
 
 J)ATi:. 
 
 1798. 
 . 1818. 
 
 1805. 
 . 1807. 
 
 1818. 
 . 1805. 
 
 Al» a <:„„, „f I,, ... ji„3„„i„ ,un-o. ,„„, symbolic Chart - 
 
 THE END.