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FOR TOURISTS.

UJ,

AllAW«®M#f

Hislory and Romance.

Historical sketch of the ruiPxS of the French
CHATEAU, live miles from Quebec, on the road
to Lake St, Charles, dating from 1750, with all
the romantic memories which attach to it.

By the Authw of MAPLE LEAVES.

m'i'

The Author of " A Chance Acquaintance,'^ S^Cy
W. D. HOWELLS,

Cajibridge,

BOSTON.

The History of Chateau-Bigot is respect-
iuUy inscribed in remembrance of the pleasure
experienced by the writer, on perusing Mr.
Howells' delightful account of "APic-Nic"' at
the Chateau. May his gifted pen continue to
enrich American literature with delineations ®f
the history and scenery of " The Walled City of
the North."

Spencer G-ranoe, ;;

Sillery, 1st August, 1874.

J. M. L.

:' vti:^ - 5^*^'-

'idOrtMmae^W...

1^516^

CHATEAU-BIGOT.

:*p

xij t Its History and Romance).

'Ensconced 'mid trees this chateau stood —
'Mid flowers each aisle and porch ;
At eve soft music charmed the ear-
High blazed the festive torch.

But, ah I a sad and mournful tale
Was her's who so enjoye i
The transient bliss of these fair shades —
By youth and love decoyed.

Her lord was true — yet be was Talse,
False — false— as sin and hell —
To former plights and vows he gave
Tq one that loved him well."

The Ilerviitage.

From time immemorial an antique and
massive ruin, standing in solitary loneliness,
in the centre of a clearing at the foot of the
Charlesbourg mountain, some five miles from
Quebec, has been visited by the young and
the curious. The lofty mountain to the
north-west of it is called La Montagne des
Ormes ; for more than a century, the Charles-
bourg peasantry designate the ruin as La
Malson de la Montagne. The English have
christened it The Hermitage, -whilst to the
French portion of the population, it is known
as Chateau-Bigot, or Beaumanoir ; and truly,
were it not on account of the associations
which surround the time worn pile, few would
take the trouble to go and look at the dreary
object.

The land on which it stands was formerly
included in the FieJ de la Triniie, granted
between 1640 and 1650 to Monsieur Denis, a
gentleman from La Kochelle, in France, the
ancestor of the numerous clan of Denis,

Denis de la Rjnde, Denis dj Vitie, &j,» This
seigniory was 8absev|uently sold to Monseign*

♦ I am h^ppy t9 be able to throw some ad-
ditional light on the early tfrnas of this mys-
terious rain, whloh has so much proplexed
Q,uebec ant (juarlans. T'lsprobabl ■ his state-
ly mansion was built by the g'oat latandant
Talon as the Baronial chateau, permitted by
his graat, (806 Scignionil Documents, 1852 —
"page 4 44 and 4 8) accordingto which he was
empowered ti establish ga^ls, a four-post

gibbet a po»t wltli an iron colUr on

which his arm ; should be engraved " Of all
this redoubtai>e feudal pomp, there are
no vestiges now extaat. Of bow tho c?iate:tti
fared from Tf I lu's time to Bigot's, we have
failed to unc li any lufornaatlon.

After tha Ciiquest, \he land came by pur-
chase Into the possession of the Stewart
Jamily, latilj represented by the Hon. John
Stewart — a most intsrestlng but lengthy
letter f cm one of the Stewart's, describing
the winter months he spent at the Hermitage
in 1775-8, whilst Arnold, held for Congress,
the environs of Quebec Is in my possession.
Mr. Wm. Crawford, the actual owner of the
land and ruins, havlfg kindly allowed me
the use of his tittle-deeds. I read that
"Charles Stewart, avocat et notalre demeur-
ant A Quebec, propri6tair6 du flef de Grand
Pr6, autrefois dit De la Mlstanguenne ou Moat
Plaisir, A la Canard fere, par acte de vents du
26 Juln 1780, devant Jean Antolne Panet.
N. P.. conc6da A tltte de cens et rentes sel-

gueurlales il Monsieur Jeaa Lees, le

Jeune, Simon Sraser, le Jeune, et William
Wilson, n^goclanten cette vllle, 10 arpents de
front sltu6s dans le fief Grand Pr6 ou Morjt
Plalslr, a la Canardlere, au lieu noram6 La
Montagne ou I'Hermltage, prenaut d'un bout,
vers le sud aux teries de Joseph B6dard, et
Jean Baptlste Lelvoux dlt Cardinal, et allant
en profondeur vers le nord quatorze arpents
ou environ, jnsqu'd. la vielle cloture du verger,
icelul verger compils en la pr6sente conces-
i<ion et vente. les clix arpents de front joignant
da c6t6 da sud-ouest au fief de la Trinity, ap-
partenant au B6minalre, et du cOtS du nord-
ouest All t^rre de Jean Ohattereau, enssmble
la maison a deaz stages, una y^ange et une
6table en bois, constrults 6ur les dlts dix ar-
pents."

The property Tras resclJ the 12th August,
1805, by John Loes etal, to Charles Stewart,
leq., Comptroller of Cu8t«ms, Quebec.

eur du Laval, a descendant of the Montmor-
ency'8, who founded in 1063 the Seminary of
Queb'^c. and one of the most illuatrious pre-
latsB in New France : the portion towards the
mouDiain was dismembered. When the In-
tendant Talon formed his Baronie Des Is-
lets,! ^6 annexed to it certain lands of the
Fiefde la Trinile, amongft others that part on
which now stand the remains of the old
chateau, of which he seems to have been the
builder, but which he subsequently sold.
Bigot, having acquired it long after, enlfirged
and improved it very much. He was
a luxurious French gentleman who,
more than one hundred years ago, held
the exalted post of Intendant or Admin-
istrator under the French Crown, in
Canada.! In those days the forests which

i
I

t May, 16V5, Lou 8 the XIV and Colbert
granted to Monsieur le Comte Talon, Intead-
ant, the Seisnicry des llets, •'together with
tbose three neighboring villages to us belong-
irg the first called Bourg Royal, the secoLd
Bourg la Relne, the third, Bourg Taloii, sub-
sequently changed into the Barony of Orsain-
\ille."—iFerlani, ii Vol., p. 69 )

X Hawkin's Picture of Quebec will give us
an idea of the splendour In which the Intend-
ant lived In his town residence :

"Immediately ihrougb Palace Gate, turn,
ing towards the left, and in front of the Ordin-
ance building and store-houses, once stood an
edifice of great extent, surrounded by a spa-
clous garden looking towards the River St.
Charles, and as to its interior decorations, far
more splendid than tLe Castle of St, Lewis.
It was the Palace of the Intendant, so called,
because the sittings of the Sovereign Council
were held there, after the establishment of
tho Royal Government in New France. A
small district adjoining is still called Le Palais
by the old inhabitants, aud the name of the
gate, and of the well-proportioned street
which leads to it, are derived from the same
origin.

••The Intend ant's Palace was described by
La Potherle, in 1C98, as consisting of eighty
toites, or four hundred and eighty feet of baild-
ingB, BO that it appeared a little town in itself.
The King's stores were kept there. Its situa-
tion does not at the present time appear ad-
vantageous, but the aspect of tho RiTer St.
Charles was widely different It \,;\ose days.

skirted tho city were abundautly stocked
with game : deer of aeveral varieties, boars,
foxes, perhaps even that noble and lordly
animal, now extinct in Lower Canada, tho
Canadian stag, or Wapit', roamod in herds
over the Laurentiaa chain of raotmtain", and
were shot witliip a few miles of tho Chateau
St. Louis. This may have been one of tho
chief reasons why tho French Lucullus erect-
ed the old castle, which to this day bears his
name — a resting place for himself and friends
after tho chase. The profound seclusion of
tho spot, combined with ita beautiful scenery,
would have rendered it attractive during the
summer months, even without tho sweet re-
pose it had in store for a tired hunter. Tra-
dition ascribes to it other purposes, and
amuRoments loss permissible than those of
the chase. A tragical occurrence enshrines
the old building with a tinge of mystery,

The property In the neighborhood belonged to
tie Goverument, or to tho Jesuits; la-ge
raeadows aud flowery pari erres aiorned tha
banks of tho River, and rtach'd the base of
the rock; and as lato aa the time of Charle-
voix, in 1720, tliat quarter of the city is spoken
of as being tbe most beantifnl. The cntrauce
was into fi court, thr mgh a larg-j gatewav,
the ruins cf which, iaSt. Va'ller Street, f^tiU
reniain.

* "The buikliagi formed neaily a square; in
front of the river wero spacious gardens, and
on the sides the King's store- houses. Beyond
the Palace, towards the west, were the pleas-
ing grounds of the Jesuits, and of the General
Hospital, This bailding, like most of ths
public establishments of Quebec, went
tnrough the ordeal of fire, and wai afterwards
rebuilt with greater attention to comfort and
embeUlshment. lu September, 1712, M.
Begon arrived as Intendant, with a splendid
equipage, rich furniture, plate and appai'el,
befitting his rank. He was accompanied hy
his wife, a young Lidy late'y married, whose
valuable Jewels were the general almiraMon.
A fire, which it Avas found impossible to ex-
tinguish, broke out in the night of the 5th
January, 1713, and burned so rapidly, that
the Intendant and bis lady, with alfticulty
essaped in t'leli robes de chambre. The loss
of tbe Intendant was slp.ted at forty thousand
crowns. The Palace was atterwards rebuilt
in a splendid sstyle by M. Be gon, at the King's

which only awaits the pen of a uovclist to
weave out of it, a thrilliag romance.

Frangois Bigot, thirteenth andlast Intend-
ant cf the Kings of France in Canada, was
born in the province o*' Ouienne, and de-
scended of a family distinguished by profes-
sional eminence at the French b^r. His
Commi38ion bears date «40th June, 1747,"
the luteudant had the charge of four depart-
ments : Justice, Police, Fiaance and Marine.
He had previously tilled the post of Intend-
ant in Louislanna, and also kt Louisbourg.
The disaffection and revolt which his rapa-
city caused in that ( ity, were mainly instru-
mental in producing its downfall and surren-
der to the English commander, Pepperell, in
1745. Living at a time whea tainted morals
and official corruption ruled at court, he
seems to have taken his standard cf morality
from the mother country : his malversations
in office, his extensive frauds on the treasury,
some X'-IOO^OOO ; his colossaj speculations in

expense. The folowl-:? U lu dtscr'.ptio'',
given by Uhiiilivoix, ia 1720, a few years af-
terwards. «rii9 Intendaut'a house is called
the Palace, nocau.-e the Sup-jrior Ccuncil as-
Femble la i . This is a large pavihou, tha
two extremities of which project some feet;
and to which you ascend by a double flight of
fetalrs. The garden front which faces the littla
rivav, which is \ery nearly on a level Avith it,
is much more agreeatjia than that by which
you enter. The King's magazine faces the
court on the right side, and behlni that Is the
prison. The gate by which you enter Is hid
by ihe mountain ou which the Upper Town
s'oaudB, and which on this side aflbrds no pros-
pect, eicoptthat of a f tsep rock.'

•«Th9 Intendant's Palace was negU .ted as a
plaie of ofllo.al residence alter the .i-'nquest
in 1759. Jn 1775, It was occupied by a de-
tachment of the American iuvaiing army,
and destroyed by the Are of the garrison.
The only reniaiijs at present are a private
house, the gateway alluded to above, and se-
veral stores belonging to Government, form-
ed b/ repairing some of the old French bull -
ings. The whole is now known by the name
of the King's woodyard." Since this has been
written, extensive wharves have been con-
structed by the City Corporation of Quebec.
The reader is also reminued wot to confound
the Intendant Begon wit his succfssor, Bi-
got.

pr ovifiioQS and commissariat supplies furnish-
ed by the French government to the colonists
daring a famine , bis dissolute conduct and.
final downfall, are fruitful themes wherefrom
the historian can draw wholesome lessons for
all generations. Whether his Charlesbourg
(then called Bourg Royal) caatle was used as
the receptacle of some of his most valuable
booty, or whether it was merely a kiad of
Lilliputian Pare au Ccrfs, such as his
royr'. master had, tradition does not
say. It would appear, however, that
it was kept up by the plunder wrung
from sorrowing colonists, and that the
large profits he made by pairing from the
scanty pittance the French government al-
lowed the starving residents, were here lav-
ished in gambling, riot aud luxury.

In May, 1757, the population of Quebec
was reduced to subsist on four ounces of
bread per diem, one lb. of beef, horse flesh
or CODFISH ; and in ^pril of the following
year, this miserable allowance was reduced to
one-half. "At this time," remarks our his-
torian, Garneau, " iamishea men were
seen sinking to the earth in the streets from
exhaustion."

Such -were the times duriug which * Loui;*

♦Tliosewere times in which royalty did
not stiine forth in peculiarly attx'active
colors On oii9 side of the Eoglish Channe'
loomed out ihe handsome but eflTemlnate
ligure of tlie French Bultan, Louis XV., revel-
ling nndisturbed in ths scented bowers of h's
harem, the Pure aux Cerfa, La Pompadour^
managing state inatrters; on the other, a Bruus-
wicker, (George II) one who, we are toij, "had
neither digu'ty, lea rcing, moral , nor wit —
who tainted a great society by a bad example ;
who, in yoafh, noanhood, old age, was gross,
low and sensual:" — ilt^iough Mr. Porteus,
(afterwards My Lorl Bishop Porteus) says the
earth was not good enougu to- him, and that
his only place was heaven! — whoa'^ closing
speech to his dyiEg, loving, true-hearted Queexi
is thus related by Thackery : "With the film
of death over her eyes, writhing in intolerable
pain, she yet had a livid smile atd a gentle
word f»r her master. You have real the
wonderful history of that death-bed'? Ho'v
she bade iiim marry agAin, and the reply the
nld King blubbeied oct, *Non, non faurai des
maitresses. There never was such ft ghastly
farce.'' — {The Four Oeorget.)

XV. 'o rainioa v/ould retire to his Sardana-
paliaa retreat, to gorge himself at leisure
on the life-blood of the Canadian people,
whose welfare Ijo had sworn to watch over !
Such, the doings in the colony in the days of
La Pompaiour. The results of this misrule
■wer.3 soon apparent : the British lion quietly
and fir inly placed his paw on the coveted morsel.
The loss of Canada was viewed, if not by the
nation, at least by the French Cou:c, with
indifference ; to use tho terms of one of
Her Britannic Majesty's ministers, when its
fate and possible loss were canvassed one
century later in the British Parliament,
"without apprehension or regret." Voltaire
gave his friends a banquet at Forney, in com-
memoration, of the event ; the cnnvi favorite
congratulated majesty, that sinci: he had got
rid of these "fifteen hundred leagues of frozen
country," he had now a chance of sleeping ia
peace ; the minister Cboiseul urged Louis the
XV. to sign the final treaty of 1763, saying
that Canada would be un emharras to the
English, and that if they were wise they
would have nothing to do with it. In the
meantime the red cross of St. Greorge was
waiving over the battlements on which the
lily-spangled banner of Louis XV.f had
proudly sat with but one interruption for one
hundred and fifty years, the infamous
Bigot was provisionally consigned to a dun-
geon in the Bastille — subsequently tried and
exiled to Bordeaux ; his property wao jonfis-
cated, whilst his confederates and abettors,
such as Varin, Btsard, Maurin, Corpron, Mar-
tel, Estebe and others, were also tried and
punished by flue, imprisonment and con-
fiscation : one Penisseault, a government
clerk (a butcher's sen by birth), who had
married in the eclony, but whose pretty wife
accompanied the Chevalier de Levis on his
return to France, seems to have fared better
than the rest.

But to revert to the chateau walls, as I saw
them on the 4th June, 1863.

After a ramble with au English friend
through the woods, which gave us an oppor-
tunity of providing ourselves with wild

t I'l 1629, when Quebec surrendered ti

Kert^. »

!■

flowers to strew over the tomb of this "Fair
Ro8amond,"t such as the marsh marygold,
clintonia, uvularia, the starflower, veronica,
kalmia, trillium, and Canadian violets, we
unexpectedly struck on the old ruin. One
of the first things which attracted notice was
the singularly corroding effect the easterly
wind has on stone and mortar in Canada : the
east gable being indented and much more
eaten away than that exposed to the western
blast. Of the original structure nothing is
now standing but the two gables and the di-
vision walls ; ihej are all three of immense
thickness ; certainly no modern house is
built in the manner this set ms to have been.
It must have had two stories, with
rooms in the attic and a deep collar : a com-
munication existed h'om one collar t,o the
other through the division wall. There is
also visible a very small door cut through the
cellar wall of the weet gable ; it leads to a
vaulted apartment of some eight feet square :
the small mound of masonry which covered
it might originally have been effectually hid-
den from view by a plantation of trees over it.
What could this have been built for, aoked
my romantic friend ? Was it intended to
secure some of the Intendant's plate or other
portion of his ill-gotten treasure ? Or elee
as the Abbe Ferland suggests:! "Was it to
store the fruity old Port and sparkling Mo-

I The fascinatinp daughter of Lord Cliflbrd, ,
famous in the legendary bi&tory of Ergland,
as the mistress of Heury II, shortly before his
accession to the throne, and the subject of an
old ballad. She is said to have been kept by
her royal loverln a secret bower at Wood-
stock, tlie approaches to which foi'med a
labyrinth so intricate that it could only be
discovered by the clew of a slllien thread,
wliicu the King used for < hat purpose. Here
Queen Eleanor discovered and poisoned her
about 1178 — {JVoted names of Fiction, 1175;
see also Woodstock. — Wavarly Novels.

II I am indebted to my old friend the Abbe
Ferland ior the following remark: « I visited
Chateau-Bigot during the summer of 1884.
It was In the state described by Mr. Papineau.
In the interior, the walls were still part y pa-
pered. It must not be forgotten that about
the beginning of this century, a club of Bon.

mmm

selle of the club of the Barons, who held their
jovial meetings there about the beginning of
this century?" Was it his mistresses' secret
boudoir when the lutendant's lady visited the
chateau, like the Woodstock tower to which

vivantt used to moet frequently in the Cha-
teau."

[Three celebrated clubs flouiJshed here
long before the Stadaoona and St. James'
Ciaoweie thought of. The first was formed
in Quebec, about tbe beginning of th's cen-
tury. It was originally called, says Lambert,
the Beef Steak Club, which name it soon
changed for that of the Barons Club. It con.
sisted of twenty-one members, <>who are
chiefly the principal merchants in the colony,
and are styled barons. As the members drop
oft', iheir places a^e supplied by knights elect,
•vho are not installed as barons until there is
SI sufllclent nu'uber to pay for the entertain-
ment which is given on that occasion." J,
Xiambert, during the winter of 1807, attended
one of the banquets of installation, which was
given In the Uni-an Hotel (now the Jour,
nal de Quebec OfRce, facing the
Place dArmes.) The Eon. Mr. Eueu,
the President of the Province, and
Administrator, di'.ring the absence of Sir
Itobert Milnes, attended as the oldest baron.
The Chief Justice and all the principal ofllcers
of tbe government, civil and military, were
present. This entertainment cost 250 gui<
neas. The Barons club, says W. Henderson,
was a sort of I*it Club, — all, Tories to the back-
bone. It wae ?. very select, affair — and of no
long dura tic n. Among the menabers. If my
memory sjrfes me right, were John Colt
mian, Oeorg a Hamilton, Sir John Caldwell,
Sir Qeorge Pownall, H. W. Ryland, George
Heriott, (Postmaster and author), Mathew
Bell, Gilbert Ain«lle, Angus Shaw (Notes
of TV. Henderson.)

The other club went under I he ap-
propriate name of 'Sober Club"— lucus a
non liicendo perhaps : it flourished about
18 il; we believe one of the By-laws
enacted that the msmbers were expected ta
get elevated at least once a year. It seems to
me more than likely that it was the Club of
Barons, and not the Sober Club, wbo larous .
ed under the romantic walls of the Hermi.
tage. The third Club flourished at Montreal ;
it took the name of %e Braver Clnb, and
was, I be'leve, composed of old NorUnvesters j

i i

Koyal Henry picktd > is way through "Love's
Ladder ?" Quien sal- :' Who can unravel
the mystery? It may have served for the
foundation of the tower which existed when
Mr. Papineau visited and described the pla?e
thirty-two years ap(\ The heavy cedar raft-
ers, more than one hundred years old, are to
this day sound : one has been broken by the
fall, probably, of eome heavy stones. There
are several indentures in the walls for fipe-
places, which are built of cut maronry ; from
the angle of one a song sparrow flew out, ut-
tering its anxious note. We searched and
discovered the bird's nest, with five spotted,
dusky eggs in it. How strange 1 in the midst
of ruin and decay, the sweet tokens of hope,
love and harmony I What cared the child of
soug if her innocent nffspriog were reared
amidst these mouldering relics of the past,
mayhap a guilty past ? Could she not teach
then' to warble sweetly, even from the roof
whic.'i echoed the dying sigh of the Algon-
quin maid ? Red alder trees grew rank and
vigorous amongst the diejointed masonry,
which had crumbled from the walls into the
cellar ; no trace existed of the wooden stair-
case mentioned by Mr. Papineau ; the timber
of the rooi had rotted away or been used for
camp-fires by those who frequent and fish the
elfish stream which winds its way over a
pebbly ledge towards Beauport — well stock-
ed with small trout, which seem to breed in
great numbers in the dam near the Chateau.

♦'btop, stop, cried my poetic companion.
The fete of the fair maid, the song of
birds, the rustling of groves, the murmur of
yonder brook,— does not all this remind you
of the accents of our laurel-crowned poet, m
the song of Claribel ?''

Those who wish to visit the Hermitage,
are strongly advised to take the cart-road
which leads easterly from the Charlesbourg
church, turning up. Pedestrians will prefer
the other route , they can, in this case, leave
their veLiclo at GaspardHuot'sboarding-house,
—a little higher than the church of Charles-
bourg, — and then walk through the fields
skirting, during greater part of the road, the
murmuring brook I have previously mention-
ed ; but by all means let them take a guide with
them.

' rs{-.

,'SV*''y':lii ; ,^.f9i

I shall DOW translate and condense,
from the interesting narrative of a visit paid
to the Hermitage in 1831, by Mr. Amedee
Fapineau and his Uilented father, f.he Hen. L.
J. Fapineau, the legenu which attaches to
it:

CAROLINE, OR THE ALGONQUIN MAID,

(by Amedee Fapineau.')

"We drove, my father and I, with our
vehiclp to the very foot of the mountain, and
there touk a foot-path which led us through
a dense wood. We encountered and crossed a
rivulet, and theu ascended a plateau cleared
of wood, a most enchanting place ; behind
ns and on our right was a thick forest ; on
our left the eye rested on boundless green
fields, diversified * wjth golden harvests and
with the neat v/hite cottages of the peasant-
try. In the distance was visible the broad
and placid St. Lawrence, at the foot of the
citadel of Quebec, and also the shining cupo-
las and tin roofs of the city houses ; in front
cf us, a confused mass of ruins, crenelated
walls embedded in moss and rank grass, to-
gether with a tower half destroyed, beams,
and the mouldering remains of a roof. After
viewing the tout ensemble, we attentively ex-
amined each portion in detail — every frag-
ment was interesting to us ; we with difficulty
made our way over the wall, ascending the
upper stories by a staircase which creaked
and trembled under our weight. With the
assistance of a lighted candle we penetrated
into the damp and cavernbus cellars, careful-
ly exploring every nook and corner, listening
to the sound of our own footsteps, and occasi-
onally startled by the rustling of bats which
we disturbed in their dismal retreat. I was
young, and consequently very imprefsioQ-

* It Is painful to watch the successive in-
roads perpetrated by sportsmen and idiers on
the old Chateau. In .1819, an old (j,uebecer,
Mr. Wyse, visited it ; doars, veranc ah, win.
dows and everything else was complete. He,
too, lost his way In the woods, but found it
again without ibe help of an Indian beauty.
It was then known as the haunted house, sup-
posed to coi\ialn a deal cf French treasurr,
and ca led La Maiion du Bourg Royal,

II; I

able. I had just left college ; thase extraor-
dinary sounds and objects would at times
make me feel very uneasy. I pressed close
to my father, and dared scarcely breath ; the
remembrance of this subterranean explora-
tion will not easily be forgotten. What were

my sensations when I
reader can imagine ?

saw a tombstone, the
•Here we are, at last 1'
exclaimed my father, and echo repeated his
words. Carefully did we view this monu-
ment ; presently we detected the letter 'C,'
nearly obliterated by the action of time ; af-
ter remaining there a few moments, to my
unspeakable delight we made our exit from
this chamber of death, and, stepping over
the ruins, we again alighted on the green
sward. Evidently where we stood had former-
ly been a garden : we could still make out
the avenues, the walks and plots, over which
plum, lilac and apple trees grew wild.

"I had not yet uttered a word, but my
curiosity getting the better of my fear, I de-
manded an explanation of this mysterious
tombstone. My father beckoned me towards
a shady old maple ; we both sat on the turf,
and he then spoke as follows : — You have, no
doubt, my son, heard of a French Inlendant,
ot the name Bigot, who had charge of the
public funds in Canada somewhere about the
year 1757 ; you have also read how he squan-
dered these moneys and how his Christian
Majesty had him sent to the Bastille when
he returned to France, and had his property
confiscated. All this you know. I shall
now tell you what," probably, you do not
know. This Intendant attempted to lead in
Canada the same dissolute life which the old
noblesse led in France before tL Irench Re-
volution had levelled all classes. He it was
who built this country seat, of which you
no w contemplate the ruins. Here he came to
seek relaxation from the cares of office ; here
he prepared entertainments to which the rank
and fashion of Quebec, including its Governor
Getxeral, eagerly flocked : nothing was want-
ing to complete the eclat of this little V ersail-
les. Hunting was a favorite pastime of our
ancestors, and Bigot was a mighty hunter.
As active as a chamois, as daring as a lion was
this indefatigable Nimrod, in the pursuit of
bears and moose.

«0a one occasion, when tracking with
some sporting friends an old bear whom he
had wounded, he was led over mountainous
ridges and ravines, very far from the castle.
Not^iing could restrain him ; on he went in
advance of every one, until the bloody trail
brought him on the wounded animal, which
he soon despatched.

"During the chase the sun had gradually
sunk over the western hills ; the shades of
evening wore fast descending : how was the
lord of the manor to And his way back ? He
was alone in a thick forest : in this emergency
his heart did not fail him, — he hoped by the
light of the moon to be able to find his way
to his Ftray companions. Wearily he walked
on, ascending once or twice a high tree, in
order to see further, but all in vain : soon the
unpleasant conviction dawned on him that
like others in similar cases, ho had been
walking round a circle. Worn out and ex-
hausted with fatigue and hunger, he sat down
to ponder on what course he should adopt.
The Queen of night, at that moment shed-
ding her silvery rays around, only helped to
show the hunter how hopeless was his pre-
sent position. Amidst these mournful re-
flections, his ear was startled by the sound of
footsteps close by : his spirits rose at the pros*
pect of help being at hand ; soon he perceived
the outlines of a moving white object. Was
it a phantom which his disordered imc^'ina-
tiou had conjured up? Terrified, he s;ized
his trusty gun and was in the act of nring,
when the apparation, rapidly advf>ucing to-
wards him, assumed quite a human form : a
little figure stood before him with eyes as
black as night, and raven tresses flowing to
the night wind ; a spotless gar uent enveloped
in its ample folds this airy aii<l graceful spec-
tre. Was it a sylph, the spirit of the wilder-
ness ? Was it Diana, the goddess of the
chase, favoring ono of her most ardent vota-
ries with a glimpse of her form divine ? It
was neither. It was an Algonquin beauty, one
of those ideal types whose white skin betray
their hybryd origin — % mixture of European
blood with that of the aboriginal races. It
was Caroline, a child of love bornt a the
shores of the great Ottawa ..river : a French

officer WHS her sire, and the powerful Algon-
quin tribe of the Beaver claimed hev mother.

"The Canadian Nimrod, struck at the
sight of such extraordinary beauty, asked her
name, and after relating his adventure, he
begged of her to show him the way to the
castle in the neighborhood, as she must be
familiar with every path of the forest. Such
is the story told of the first meeting between
the Indian beauty and the Canadian Minister
of Finance and Fendal Judge in the year
175—

"The Intendant was a * married man : his
lady resided in the Capital of Canada. She
seldom accompanied her husband on his
hunting excursions, but soon It was whisper-
ed that something more than the pursuit of
wild animals attracted him to his country
seat : an intrigue with an Indian beauty was
hinted at. These discreditable rumors came
to the ears of her ladyship : she made several
visits to the castle in hopes of verifying her
worst fears : jealousy is a watchful sentinel.

"The Intondant's dormitory was on the
ground floor of the building : it is supposed
the Indian girl occupied a secret apart-
ment on the flat above ; that her boudoir was
reached through a long and narrow passage,
ending with a hidden staircase opening on the
large room which overlooked the garden.

"The King, therefore, for his defence

Against the furious Queen,
At Woodstock builded such a bower,

As never yet was seen.
Most curiously that bower was built,

Of stone and timber strong."

(Ballad of Fair Rosamond.)

"Let us now sec what took place on this
identical spot on the 2nd July, 17S — . It is
night ; the hall clock has just struck eleven ;
the babling murmur of the neighboring brook,
gently wafted on the night wiad, is scarcely

* Error — he was a baohelox. These unions
were not uacom.]xiou. We find the Baron de
St. Oastln marryiag Madooawando. an In-
dian beauty : he became a famous Indian
Chief, he]i)lng D'lbervlUe, in Acadia, and left
a numerous progeny of olive coloicd princesses
with eyes like a g-raelle't

auditio: the fSong (sparrow hasLearly finish*
ed his evening hymn, while the XStveet Cana-
da bird, from th^top of an old pine, merrily
sounds his shriki clarion. Silence the most
profound pervades the whole castle ; «very
light is extinguished ; the pale rays of the
moon slumber softly on the oak floor, reflect-
ed as they are through the gothic windows ;
every inmate is wrapped in sleep, even fair
Uosamond who has just retired. Suddenly her
door is violently thrust open ; a masked per-
son, with one bound, rushes to her bed-3ide,
and without saying a word, plunges a dagger
to the hilt in her heart. Utt ing a piercing
shriek, the victira falls heaviiy on the floor.
The Intendant, hearing the noise, hurries up
stairs, raises the unhappy givl who has just
time to point to the fatal weapon, still in the
wound, and then falls back in his arms a life-
less corpse. The whole household are soon
on foot ; searfl is made for the murderer, but
no clue is discovered. Some of the inmates
fancied they had ssen the figure of a woman
rush down the secret stair and disappear in
the woods about the time the murder took
place. A variety of stories were circulated,
some pretended to trace the crime to the In-
tendant's wife, whilst others alleged that the
nvenging mother of the creoIe was the assas-
sin ; some again urged that Caroline's father
had attempted to wipe off the stain on the
honor of his tribe, by himself despatching his
erring child. A profound mystery to this
day surrounds the whole transaction. Caro-
line was buried in the cellar of the castle, and
the letter *C' engraved on her tombstone,
which, my son, jou have just seen.^'

I now visit this spot many years after the
period mentioned in this narrative. I search
in vain for several of the leadirg character-
istics on which Mr. Papineau descants so
eloquently : time, the great destroyer, has
obliterated many traces. Nothing meets my
view but mouldering walls, over which green
moss and rank weeds cluster profusely. Un-
mistakable indications of a former garden
tnere certainly are, such as the outlines of
walks over which French cherry, apple and

t MelOBpiza mel^ia.
J Zonotrichla leucophrys.

/ *

goobcborry trees giow ia wild luxuriauce. 1
take homo from the ruins a piece of bone ;
this decayed piece of mortality may have
formed part of Caroline's big toe, for augh( I
can establiHh to the contrary ; Ghateau-Iiigot
brings back to my mind other remembrances
of the past. I recollect reading that pending
the panic consequent on the surrender, of
Quebec in 1759, the non-combatants of the
city crowded within its walls ; this time not
to ruralize, but to seek concealment until
Mars had inscribed another victory on the
British flag. I would not be pmpared to
swear that later, when Arnold ancT Mont-
gomery had possesflon of the environs of Que-
bec, during the greater portion of the winter
of 1775-6, some of those prudent English
merchants (Adam Lymburner at their head),
who awaited at Charlesbourg and Beauport
the issue of the contest, did not take a quiet
drive to Chateau-Bigot, were it only to in-
dulge in a philosophical disquisition on the
mutability of human events ; nor must I for-
get the jolly pic-nics the barons held there
some sixty years ago>||

On quitting these silent halls, from which
the light of other days has departed, and
from whence the voice of revelry seems to
have fled for ever, 1 recrossed the little brook,
already mentiiined, musing on the past. The
solitude which surrounds the dwelling and
the tomb of the dark-haired child of the wil-
derness, involuntarily brought to mind that
beautiful passage of Ossian,§ relating to the
daughter of Keuthamir, the «'white bosomed"
Moina : — " I have seen the walls of Balclutha,
but they were desolate. The fire had re-
sounded in the halls : and the voice of the
people is heard no more. The thistle shook

II The Hod. Mr. Dunn, Administrator of the
Province in 18o7, was the senior baron ; Hons.
Mathew Bell, John Stewart, Messrs. Mulr,
Irvine, Lester, McNaught, Grey Stewart,
Munro, Flnlay, Lymburner, Paynter; these
names were doubtlcsa also to be found
amongst the Canadian barons ; the Hon. Cbas.
Be Lanaudiere, a general in the Hungarian
service, was the only French Canadian mem-
ber.

§ Fook of Carthoa

tboro its loDoly head ; the moss whistled to
tbe wind. The fux looked out from the
windjwH, tho rank grass of the wall waved
round its head. Desolate is tho dwelling of

Moina, silence is in the house Kaif e

the song of mourning, bards ! over the land
of strangers. They have but fallen before us :
for one day we must fall."

L'INTENDANT BIGOT— ROMANCE CA-
NADIENNi:.

. , , »■ »,'-r. '.-, ..■...,■.. ■ •

Par Jos. Marmette.

After perusing the Legend of Caroline, the
Algonquin Maid, the lover of Canadi in story,
can find a more artistically woven plot in
one of Mr. Marmette 's historical novel L'In-
TENDANT Bigot. The following summary is
from a short critique recently published there-
on :

«'It is within the portals of Beaumanoir
(Chateau-Bigot) that several of the most
thrilling scenes in Mr. Marmette's novel are
supposed to have taken place. A worthy ve-
teran of noble birth, M. de Rochebrune, had
died in Quebec, through neglect and hunger,
on the v«ry steps of Bigot's luxurious palace,
then facing the St. Charles, leaving an only
daughter, as virtuous as she was beautiful.
One day whilst returning through the fields
(where St. Rochs has since been built) from
visiting a nun in the General Hospital, she
was unexpectedly seized by a strong
arm and thrown on a swift horse,
whose rider never stopped until he
had deposited his victim at Bigot's coun-
try seat, Charlesbourg. The name of this
cold-blooded villain was Sournois. He was
a minion of the mighty and unscrupulous Bi-
got. Mdlle. de Rochebrune had a lover. A
dashing young French officer was Raoul de
Beaulivc. Maddened with love and rage, he
closely watched Bigot's movements in the
city, and determined to repossess his treasure,
it mattered not at what sacrifice. Bigot's
was a difiicult game to play. He had a liai-
son with one of the most fascinating and
fashionable married ladies of Quebec, and
was thus prevented from hastening to see the

fair pruy awaiting liim at Boaumanoir. lUoul
played a bold game, and calling jealousy
to his help, he went and confided the deed to
Madame Pean, Bigot's fair charmer, entreat*
ed her immediate interference, and after some
hairbreadth escapes arrived at the Chateau
with her just in time to save Mdlle. de RQche>
brune from dishonor.

Madame Pean was returning to the city
with Mdlle. de Rochebrune and Kaoul, when
on driving past the walls of the Intendant's
palace, close to the spot where Defosses street
now begins, her carriage was attacked by a
band of armed men — a reconnoitering party
from Wolfe's fleet, anchored at Montmorency.
A scuifle ensued, shots were fired, and som^
of the assailants killed ; but in the melte
Mdlle. de Kochebrune was seized and hurried
into the English boat commanded by one
Captain Brown. During the remainder of
thc3 summer the Canadian maid, treated with
every species of respect, remained a prisoner
on board the admiral's ship. (It is singular
that Admiral Durell, whose beloved young
son was at the time a prisoner of war at
Three Rivers, did not proposa an exchange.)
Injthe darkness and confusion which attend-
ed the disembarking of Wolfe's army on the
night of the 12th September, 1759, at Sillery,
Mdlle.de Rochebrune slipped down the side of
the vessel, and getting into one of the smaller
boats, drifted ashore with the tide and landed
at Cap Rouge, just as her lover Raoul, who
was a Lieutenant in La Roche-Beaucour's
Cavalry, was patrolling the heights of Sillery,
Overpowered with joy, she rode behind him
back to the city, and left him on nearing her
home ; but, to her horror, she spied dogi^ing
her fqotsteps her arch-enemy the Intenc.ant,
and fell down in a species of fit, which turn-
ed out to be catalepsy. This furnishes, of
course, a very moving tableau. The fair girl

supposed to be dead — was laid out in her

shroud, when Raoul, during the confuiiion
of that terrible day for French Rule, the 13th
September, calling to see her, finds her a
corpse just ready for interment. Fortunate-
ly for the heroine, a bombshell forgotten in
the yard, all at once and in the nick of time
igniting, explodes, shattering the tenement
in fragments. The concussion recalls Mdlle.

de Bochebrune to life ; a happy marriago
80cn after ensuee. The chief character ia
the novel, the Intendent, Hails shortly after
for France, where he was imprisoned, as his-
tory states, in the Bastille, durint fifteen
months, and his ill^otten gains conUscated.
All this, with the exception of Mdlle. do
Rothebrune'fl rharactor, is strictly historical.
Sillery, Aug. 1, 1874.

p i

|il

-^(,Z^^

■^k;.-.;

1874. SUMMER 1874.

ST. LAWRENCE

Steam Navigation Gonipany.

For the far-famed SAGUEVAl.

This Line is composed o' the following first-class Steamers -.

"SAGUENAY," Captain Lecours,

*♦ UNION," '* Hamond.

"St. LAWFENCE," " Chabot.

Until further notice the above named Steamers will run as follows,

^"■" TUE«JDAYS AMD FRII»AYS AT 7 A.M.

The " Saguenay," for Chiooutimi and Ha 1 Ha 1 Bay, calling at
h.ie St. Paul, Eboulemens, Murray Bay, Riviere du Loup and Tadousac.
WKDNE!^UA¥M AN!» THURSJ»AYS AT 7 A.M

For Ha 1 Ha ! Bay, calling at Murray Bay, PiviSro du Lv>up and

Tadousac.

SATURBATS, 7 A.M.

The "Union,* for Ha I Ha! Bay, calling at Baie St. Paul, Eboule-
mens, Murray Bay, Riviere du Lcup and Tadousac.
SATlIRI^ AYS-NOON.
Tbe "St. Lawrence" for Rimouski, calling at .> urray Bay and
Rinere du Loup.

Tickets for sale by Mesers. Stevenson and Leve, No. 53, St. Peter
Btreut, and opposite St. Louis Hotel. Also, at the office of the Company,
St Andrew's wharf.

A. O^IlBOTJRY,

SECRETARY.

ST. LOUIS HOTEL,

ST. LOViS STREET, QDEBEC.

THIS HOLEL, which is unrivalled for SIZE, STYLE and LOCA-
LITY, in Quebec, is open through the year for Pleasure and Busireas
Travel.

It is eligibly situated near to, and surrounded by, the most delightful
and fashionable promenades— the Governor's Go-rden, the Citadel, the
Esplanade, the Place d'Armes, and Durham Terrace— which furnish
the Splendid Views and Magnificent Scenery for which Quebec is so
justly celebrated, and which is unsurpassed in any part of the world

The Proprietors in returning thanks fo:- the very liberal pationago
they have hitherto enjoyed, inform the public that this Hotel has been
THOROUGHLY RENOVATED AND EMBELLISHED.
Arul can now accommodate about 510 Visitors

And assure them that nothing will be wanting on their part that vill
conduce to the comfort and enjoyment of their guests.

■PPPPPIIPHP

■S"