<^, V ^.v' 1^ IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) /> % 1.0 1.1 Itt US ■K U ■f u 25 2.2 iS 12.0 FhologFaphic _Sciences CorporatiQn ^ •O^ v <^ ^. ^ 23 WIST MAIN STMn r.tlSTIR.N.Y. 14SM (71«)I73-4S03 v\ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHJVI/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Instituta for Historical Microraproductions / Institut Canadian da microraproductions hittoriquaa Tachnical and Bibliographic Notaa/Notas tachniquas at liibliographiquaa t( Tha Instituta ha* attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may ba bibliographicaHy uniqua, which may ahar any of tha imagaa in tha reproduction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chackad ImIow. nColourad covars/ Couvartura da coulaur I I Covars damagad/ D D D D D G D Couvartura andommagAa Covars rastorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura rastaurfta at/ou palliculAa I I Cover titia missing/ La titra da couvartura manqua I I Colourad maps/ Cartas gAographiquas an coulaur Coiourad Ink (i.a. othar than blua or bs ck)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua blaua ou noira) Colourad platas and/or illustrations/ Planchas at/ou illustrations an coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ Rjli* avac d'autras documents Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re llure serrie peut causer de I'ombre ou de [a distortion le long de la marge intArieure 3lank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutAas lore d'une restauration apparaissant dans la taxte, mais. iorsqua cela Atait possible, ces pages n'ont pas it* filmAas. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplAmentaires: L'Institut a microfilm* la mailleur exemplaira qu'il lui a At* possible de sa procurer. Las d*tails da cat eKampiaira qui sont paut-*tra uniques du point da vua bibliographiqua, qui pauvant modifier une image raproduita, ou qui pauvant axiger une modification dans la m*thoda normala de f ilmaga sont indSquAs ci-dessous. I I Coloured pages/ D Pages da couleur Pages damagnd/ Pages endommagAas Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurtas at/ou pailicuiies Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages d6colortes. tachaties ou piquies Pages detached/ Pages ditachAes y| Showthrough/ ' Transparence j I Quality of print varies/ Quality indgala de I'impression Includes supplementary material/ Comprend du material supplAmentaire Only edition available/ Seule Mition disponible T P o fi O b th si ol fii si Ol Tl s^ T! w M di er be rifi rei m( Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc.. have been rafilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiallement obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata. une pelure, etc., ont M filmies A nouveau de fapon ii obtenir la meilleure image possible. 4 ( rhis item is filmed at tha reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filmA au taux de reduction indiqut ci-dessous 10X 14X 18X 22X 26X 30X V 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X Th« copy film«d iMro has b««n r«produc«d thanks to th« o*n«rotitY of: Library of tht» Public Archives of Canada Tha imagas appaaring hara ara tha bast quality poasibia considaring tha condition and lagibiiity of tha original copy and in kaaping with tha filming contract spacifications. Original copias in printad papar covars ara filmad beginning with tha front covar and ending on the last page with a printad or illustrated impres- sion, jr the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmad beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — »> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure ara filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The friliowing diagrams illustrate the method: L'exemplaire film* f ut reproduit grica i la gAnAroait* da: La biblioth*que des Archives publiques du Canada Las images suivantes ont 4t« reproduites avac la plus grand soin, compta tenu de ia condition at da la nattetA de I'exempleire film*, et en conformitA avac las conditions du contrat de filmage. Lea exemplaires originajx dont la couverture en papier est ImprimAe sont filmAs en commenpant par la premier plat et en terminant soit par la darniAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration, soit par la second plat, salon le cas. Tous las autres exemplaires originaux sont filmte en commengant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'iilustration et en terminant par la darniire page qui comporte une telle emprei.ite. Un des symboles suivants apperaltra sur la darnlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le ces: le symbole -^ signifie "A SUIVRE ', le symbols V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planjhes, tableaux, etc.. peuvent Atre filmte A des taux de reduction diffArents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seui ciich*, ii est film* k partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en has, en prenant 3e nombre d'images ntcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 6 6 t MR. GALT'3 RETROGUADE MOVEMENT ;-THE ODJECT OF THE FOLLOWIMG BEING TO SHEW THE ABSOLUTE NECE3SITV OF A HOMELY OR PATRIOTIC, AND PERMANENT POLICY FOR CANADA (^lIKCLI.AK re niK MKMnKK« KK Horn llOlnKS OF TliK I'UOVIMUI. r*lll,lAHK.Nr.) Lkoislativk Assembly, .♦x^.^ f. >'":•■ Quvhcr, Isl May, 1860. SlH,- I take lliu lil)eil) t«t solicit your attentiuii to a vrry important matter. 1 liave oppurt unities, possessed by few ol' you, of knowing tlie extent of tlie actual distress now existing in tlie Province, in consequpnce of the scarcity of iSloney and Employment, and of the paralysis creeping over its ener£?ies, from the feeling that neither the government nor the opposition re(H)gnize tlu People's Employment to be the first question in politics, and that to which all others ought to give way. But if, as f believe, more than three-fourths of botii IJouses of Parliament, and as large a proportion of the present, as well as of the late government, recognize the above great truth, and see Employment for the People to be the great object of politics, why cannot we get it constitutionally declared ? It appears to me that the present proposal of the government, to take u(f the tluty on books of 10 per cent, (put on only last year), which practically is just protectiov to United States PUBLISHERS, calls loudly for this subject being now brought up, as being a complete subversion of the principle we conlend for ; and I take the liberty to bring before you llesolntions which would assert our common views, in ease Mr. Gait unfortunately should persist in refusing to except Books WHICH ACTUALI-Y A HE PRINTED IN THE PROVINCE. RESOLUTIONS. 1. That the fre({nent changes and alterations respecting the amount of duties of Customs have the effect oi preventing capital, foreign or Canadian, being employed in the creating and maintaining of our native industry. 3. That it is contrary to sound policy to discourage the publishing, within the Province, of School Books, and to prevent the only mode of securing uniformity in the lea(rliing of our private as well as our public Schools, and a national Canadian education and sentiment. 3. That there ought tt) be a distinction drawn between Books which we do print and which we do not print, the latter being a lit article to add to the list of articles, such as Tea, Sugar, &c., which we c:^nnot grow or manut'acture, and on which there ought, therefore, to be no duty, except for revenue. 4. That, generally, we (tught not to reduce the duty on articles which we can manufacture, ex- cept the Americans reciprocate with us in the particular article. 5. That the Employment of the Province is invided, and Annexation of Canada to the United States made more the interest of Canadians, by the course of the Imperial parliament and authorities — the Free Trade legislation of the Imjjerial parliament in 184G having left the Canadian farmer in a position to be greatly benefitted by annexation which would give him the American market as '.veil as the English market for his producliojis ; and the late interference of the Imperial authorities regarding the Canadian TavitV, and especially in regard to Books, making it the interest of the manufacturer to go to the United Slates, as by doing so he gets the American as well as the Canadian market /rce /row dutif. G. That the danger to the farmer has been oniy temporarily averted by the Americans having yieldetl tt) Canatlians nriprocitif in wtlurai prodiictiDiis^ and that the danger to both can only be per- manently averted by one of two courses — by Canada joining the United States in a Zolverein, similar to the German Zolverein, thus extending to all articles the ])resenl principle of reciprocity, — or by the creation, by ourselves, of a Home Market for the Canadian farmer, through our encouraging a manu- facturing population in Canada, it being known that, in case of our doing this, a large pro|>ortion of the manufacturing population of the United States (win) are chiefly Firitish snbjecis) would speedily r>'lurn to ilie province. '■fc "i. 'I lull iIk- latlci itlii; crtMliii^ ;i lloiiiM Mailu-t lor llii; Ciiiiadiuii Kaiiiiei/ is iliu uiilv t-oui>«i Canada '-an at |>res<;nt taki' iii(l(;|)ciHl('iitly, aiul tiial by difcidcdly adopting tliis as a |>crmnnent |M)li('y, wo shall gifidnally be piopuiini^ the Province for adoplinj^ the lormei policy, so soon as the Americans in'// a^rcc to it. I will only fvdd that, T feel so stroni^ly the Immediate and vital importance of this subject, that I would support any parly, wlK.'thcr in ihe Government or Opposition, that would adopt and act up<)n the al)ove, which I lielieve to be the only patriotic policy open lo ns in the circumstances of Canada. After even Mr. Brown's newspaper. The G/o/k., has had to haul down the (lag of Frcr. Tr(nU\ and to set up th(! more patriotic prin(;iple of Reciprociti/, or in other words, of an American Zolverein, it tru- ly seems madness ibr Mr. Gait to obey the dictation of England, with regard to the duty on all Books whether we make them in the Province or otherwise ; and I see no course open to me but to move : — "That the Bill be not now lead a second time ; but that it be resolved that while no party in this " House, or in tla; country, desires to see Customs Duties increased, and while there would be no " objection to include such Books as arc not made in Canada^ in the category of Tea, Sugar, and other " articles, which all desirt* to see admitted free of duty, it is contrary to sound policy, and manifestly " unpist to our (»wn peo|)le {as giving a practical protection to the lalmrnrof t!ie United States), to take off " the duty from articles of our own irrowlh or manufacture until flic Americans do the same." I have the honor io be, Sir, Yours faithfully, ISAAC BUCHANAN. P.S. — If the present Kniigralion from the province is not stopped (the only way todo which is by some assurance, siK^h as is embodied in the foregoing) I cannot see how we can conscientiously encourage Immigration, eitluir of capital or of people. For my part, I should not advise Immigration of either, unless a modcralely protective policy is adopted ; but it is already abundantly evident that neither capital nor money will come to the Province under our present absence cf a peinianent policy. Many hundred thousand pounds have this spring been prevented coming to Canada for manufacturing purposes, through Mr. Gall's having gone out of his way to deny in his pamphlet, published in England, that either the G()V(Mnment or Legislature were protectionist, and to show that the customs duties would be reduced the moment the revenue will permit of it. Such a statement seemed to me utter madness — nothing short of suicide on the part of Canada. A slill larger number of capitalists, willing to come to Canada, were prevented by the sketch of Mr. Gall's opinions, showing him to be a Free Trader, which he allo\,'ed to appear in tha Illustrated London News. It is obvious, therefore, that the immigration both of capital and people will all go, and ought a// to go,* to the Linited States, while it can be said that in Canada both Government and Opposition are devoid of all interest in the Canadian people and their ciuploynient ; and there is nothing but Annexation before the Province if this heartless English theory, ol Free Trade without reciprocity, is persisted in. Humanity will soon demand and enforce it ; Ibr we would be found to have all the evils of every country, and none of the benefits of any, and a Revolution would be precipitated from want of Employment — not bom the least objection to, or disloyalty to, the British Crown, but because there is a higher loyalty than that to forms of government — the loyalty to our own families. — I cannot better close than in the words of a writer in the " Montreal Gaz«'tle" : — " The Canadian publisher will tind himself taxed twenty per cent, on a very considerable part of his material, whicli is not yet manufactured in this Province, and will have to compete with the American publisher, who has his materials /Vrt' o/" piiMislinr wlio proposus ri,'mov';i{r his ostal)lis>limoHt and workmen lo llio U. States. Tliis is just wliat (lif Into Ml-. How Riiir\>^nv. ot Moiitn'al, liiO. He could not not his raw uiatori^^l iiitrodiictd into Canada duty tree, and bii- (»nly altornnlivo Ihercfon thii'w otl' the Hooks into Cnnnda. u->Y uiiiii^ii_> . (M moiiirc'ai, iiiu. lie couKi noi j!Oi ins raw uiaioriiii imronuutu inio i^anaua auiy iree. and iiii- >rcforL' v;\s to inanntiulnii' li;,» hooks in ilu' United Stnlos. He ^ his storootypo piatts in New York, and X ' as ho wiintod them. In Ihi.s wny ho iiad tho iiuukot of the United Stulos, and h'k got ins material duty hikk! « fin \»'rrvu\. I'lif iidupiiuit n( >inli a |M>li(v \voiil«l clriiily bv to nHcr ;i laryt! premium lo tlio.He who iirc now s|M-n(lini.' ;i;'iiM'oncy in ctiiployin:,' our own people, to nmoir to thv United States^ in fact ilu'ir removal llien; will be a matter of certainty, for the entire profits on these books does not much exceed the extra duty which tlie Canadian publisher mow pays on his raw material. I think it will Im' admitted that snch a system of levying duties is entirely at variance with all sound principles of poliiical econctrny, and cannot be dclended either on Frcv Trade or Protectionist ^xowrnU. Allagree that manid'actured articles should Ix-arthe burthen of taxation, and that raw material should be ad- mitted free ; but here this principle is to be reversed : the material is taxed twenty per cent., WHILE THE MANUKACTrREO ARTICLE IS I'ROI'OSEn TO HE I'LACEU ON THE FREE LIST." I. B. I i