\; IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) 1.0 I.I 1.25 l^m 125 ■50 "^^ IM^B E Hi — £ US 120 iS. U 11 1.6 Photographic Sciences Corporation 33 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY. 14580 (716) 872-4503 m \ iV \\ ft' % o^ signifie "A SUIVRE ", le symbols V signifie "FIN". Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Las cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmis d des taux de rMuction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clichi, il est film^ A partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. irrata to pelure, m d □ 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 m RhOR^ * QT^f JIW^EQSIS p,y J^n^ES R.I^.S.G., U.h.S. • • * » * • ■ • . » ■• \m0nm»mitm*mm0immmiHtK^^ FLORA OTTAWAKNSIS. BY .lAMES FI.KTCHICR, K.ll.S.C, K.L.S. It is HOW (light years since my first list of the plants of this dis- trict WHS i)ro))ared for the nieniliors ot the club. This was merely a liare list of the names of 810 s|)(cies collected hy the writer during the Slimmer of 187!). "This district" was then understood to mean a radius of ahont twelve miles from the City of Ottawa, and was defined as the country lying between the following points : — Meech's Lake, in the Chelsea iMcuntains, on tiie one side, and the Mer Bleue on the other; down the Ottawa Kiver East Templeton and Green's Creek were included, and up the liver Britannia and the islands above Aylmer. Latterly, however, by general cousent of the botanists of the club, this radius has been extended to about thirty miles, so as to include Casselman on the one side and Wakefield on the other, and )ip the river as far as the Chats Rapids and down to Buckingham. Previous to the appearance of the above-mentioned list there had been printed by the Ottawa Natural History Society a " List of plants collected by Mr. B. Billings in the vicinity of the City of Ottawa during the summer of 18GG." This contanied the names of 404 8|)ecies, with the dates oi their inflorescene, which appear in the present list marked (B). The following collections had also been made previous to 1879 ; — By Mr. B. Billings (18GG-7) which is now in the museum of the Ottawa Literary and Scientific Society ; Ijy Mr. A. H. Moore, an energetic collector, and one who added largely to our knowledge of the flora of the vicinity (1870-7 '.) Through the generosity of the last named gentleman this collection now forms jjart of my own herbarium. By Mr. Robert Whyte and Dr. H. B. Small, who began to collect about 1875, and are still active members of the botanical branch of the clul). The present list contains every species up to this time found in the district and identified with certainty. Further additions will be published annually as they are reported. It has been prepared at the request of the Council, more especially as an aid for those beginning to study our flora. The 1879 list gavo merely the names of all species at that time known to have been found at Ottawa, but gave no information upon some of the most impiilalifpoints the local botanist requires to know ,• • •• • « • • » • • « • • • • , • • • # • • • • • ••- •» •• • • • • • • • ■ • • • • • •••*», J, #•< 11 about, siicli as tlie pn-Viilciici; of any s|n.'cit's in llio lucality, wlietUei' it be iiuiigenous or iiitrothiced, pleiititiil or scarce. Certain tjlants common in some localities are raie licrc, ami nee versa; ugain, jtlants indigenous to C'anaila but not to the Ottawa district have been introduced (iilber l>y accitlent or have escaped tVotn cultivation. All of these facts siiould be made known to students or they may fall into error. It was therefore thought well, this time, to add short note.s under each species, giving the general habitat, special localities and approximately the date in the year when collectors may expect to find the ditleicnt s[iecies in flower. With the excej)tion of two or three species, all have been found by the writer in the localities mentioned, and in every ca.se the actual specimens recorded have been carefully erunined by Ijim. A general habitat is given for eacl. species, and in the case of rarities exact localities are miMitioned. When no special locality is given it is intended to show that tlie species is of common occurrence. When no collector's namt; is t;, -en after a lo.ality or the initials (J. F.) appear the writer is responsiljh; lor the record. When a plant of interest is recorded from other localities than those where th<; wiiter has found it the name of the collector is given in parentheses. In instances wlare a uersou's name is followt'd l)y an asterisk (*) it is to show that this was the first record of the plant having been discovered in iht! Ottawa district. In indicating the time of the year when the plant may be looked for in flower the months liavt? l)cen divideil into tuiir (juarters, so that when the name of a uionth is followed \ty iht! numlxTs I, '2, ii or 4 it shows that the plant may lie expected to flower in the 1st, "Jiid, ."bil or 4th (juarterof the month. Synonyms have been, for the most part, omitted, (except in (ases where p hints il)l)ear in the .tl 1st nntler other names tliai th tl lose I'lvcn m Dr. (Jray's " Manual." 'These, as 'veil as introduced plants (whether into this district or into Canada) are printed in italics. \n compiling this new list Prof. .Macuun's ( 'atalogne, issued by the (ieijlogii-al and Natural History Survey ui' (V.nada, 1883, ^/^ sn/.. has been ti'Uowed, and as < 'anadian botanists now arrange their collections l)V that excelli'Ut cataloi^ue 1 have thought it well to givi- liel'ore each species Prof. Macoun's luiniber. 622360 J ' . ! l. > ". ' Jl'J g9 POLYPETALOUS EXOGENS. arxl oilier mo»m- -4. RANUNOULAOE^-Orow-foot Family. CLKMATIS, L. Tnivellei's Joy. Virgin's Bower. 1. C. VKRTiciLLAKis, D.('. (Miiuvo-flowered tJleinatis). AtruQf.ne Americaim. Sims. Ci'iH'piiig over rocks mikI low slirul>s. Kini^^ tains, Chel.sca, P.Q. Not uncommon. May- 2. C. ViuuiNiANA. (Common Viri^iu's-Bowcr.) jiorclcrs of streams. Aug.— I. ANE.MONE, L. Wind Flower. 12. A. CYMNDUICA, Gray (Long-fruiu-d Anemone). Dry pastures. .J u. — 2. 13. ViRGINlANA, L. Kocky. open woods. There aie two forms ot this plant : (i) with greenish Howers like the jireeeding, but always with much .shorter lieads of fruit; and (ii) with white flowers almost as large as those ot No. 15. From this latter, however, it is easily distinguished by the woolly seeds, (i) Common ; (ii) on the rocks round Lake Flora, Hull, P.Q. Ju.— 2. (15.) 15. A. 1)Ic;hotoma, L. (Ivouiid-hcaded Anemone). A. I'eviist/lvcDiica, L. Along river margins and in low meadows. ,Ju. — 2. (B,) 17. A. Hkpatica, L (Liverwort. Blue May-flower). Ilepatica triloba, Chaix. Dry, rocky woods. One of onr earliest flowers ; not quite as common as No. 18 Ap. — 3 (B.) 18. A. At'UTlLOBA, Lawson (" May-tlower "). Dry, shady woods. A p. — 3 (B.) THALICTRUM, Tourn. Meadow-rue. 20. T. uioiCUM, L. (Early Meadow-rue). Kiver banks and low wooils. Ju.— 1. (B.) th eh us ily he as 'Jl. T. I'L'RPURASCKNS (Plll|.lisli .Mcadow-i 11. ). Teinplftoii ami along tlic Ottawa Uclow tlic intv(ll. M. Ami'), Hull (J. F.) This .s])Cfics is distingiiishalih; trom T. (Uivmili liy having tho anthers drooping on capillary fihumiits and llu' flowers greenish purple. On the other hand, 'I', ('i)niuli lias white flowers, short filaments and antheis not ilroo, intr. 22. T. CoRNUTl, I.. (VVhite-flow(;red Meadow-rue). Islands and wet meadows and swamps; a tall, handsome plant . July-1. (B.) RANUNCULUS, L. Crow-foot. liutterciip. 28. Jl. At^L'ATlLl.s, \j. 0. TltrcHolMlYM.t s, Chaix (White Water ('i..>\- foot). Stagnant and slow-flowinjr waters. Ju. — 1. 29. li. .MULTIFIDL'S, Pursli (Vellow Watei -Crow-foot). In shallow water, and cieeping over mud, .Malloeh'.s May, Dow's Swamjiand Kettle Island (J. F.), Hillings liridg.'(l{. 15. Whvte). Ju. — 2. Var. J. KEPENS, Watson. Leaves all rouud-ieniform. palmately, 3 — .*^ cleft ; stems creeping in mud, Cass(dman aiul Catiiieau Point (Prof. Macoiin). Ju. — 2. 31. M. Fi.AMMULA, L. var. kkptans, iMeyer (Smaller Creeping Crow- foot). iMud-flats and river margins July — 1. 32. K. Cymbalaria, Pursh (Salt-water Crow-font). In a low, wet meadow at Thurso, P.Q. Ju. — 2. 37. R. abortivus, L. var. .micranthus, Gray (Small-flowert'd liutli'i- cup). Woods and .Meadows. From " .Macoun's Catalogue," Part III., p. 480, it woulil appear that our Ottawa plant is not the type nl' li. (iburtivus, L. INIay — 2. (B.) 30. R. recurvatus, Poir (Downy Wood-Butteicup). Woods. An attractive species with 'arge leaves and small llowei's. May— 2. (B.) 45. A', acris, L. (.Meadow Buttercup). Introduced from Kurope. Very ai)undant in meadows. June (15). 17. It. rr.NNSYi.VANicts. L. d'.iistly nuttriviii.). UlMT lilts all i s\vaiii|'> wooils. .hil> -(I'')- ■IS. A', rr/x IIS, //. (( 'ri'rpiii^ ('iww I'doi). Intinilii.vl ti'-ii! Kiirnp-. CnvrriKir-tl.'nci'i.l's I'.ay, Nfw Kdiii- Inii-h. 1 hiivc iinl siKTccli'.l ill tiiidiii',' lln' uiitivo fmiii ot this spfciis at OtlawM. CALTIIA, L. Marsh Maiigohl. 51. (;. I'ALi STUIS, L. (Water-Cow.sliii). .Mai-,niiis (if stit'aiiis anil in swaiiips. May — 2. (B.) CDl'TlS, Salisl). (inhl-thivad. or. ('. I'UlKul.lA, Salisli. (Tliivt' h'avfd GuM-thiead). Low woods and on Imiiiniorks in .swani|tH. A h)Vi-ly little plant Willi shining h-av»'S and whit.-, st.rn ilowt-rs. May-l. (15) AQU1I-K. Coiusufi'/d, L. (1>1'H' Fit'ld Lukspur). JnlioiUu'cd troni Kuropc in .s."i,-d .grain and es'iijied from gardens. Flowers soiiH'linifS pink or white. Jnne- J. A(JT^:A, L l]ancl„iry. 7;5. A. AI.BA, I'.igflow ( White-lien icd ("oliodi). Woods and river l.aiiks. The spikes i.t" Howers longer and Idooui- ing a week 1 Uer than those nf No. 71. VU'- oonspionou.s waxy whi!.' hemes on ih.'ir thick led pedirels render this one of our most notahle l,ciry-i>eaiing plants. May L (i>.) 7L A. si'iCATA, L. nir. uini(A, Ait. (lied l.erried <'ohosh). Uidi woods. 'I'he ll.A.ers in a more eompact head 'haii the [)re- ci'ding, on l.'iiger jiediods and of a clearer \vhite. A white- lien i.il varietv ol this sp>eies frequently occurs; laii it may h^i ivadily distingni>licd iroin the [neceiling not only in the shape of ;lie raceme, Inic liv the slender iiedicels. May -'.'>. MENISPERMAOEJE. Moonseed Family. MKNlSPHimr.M, l>. M<.<.nsr(.l. HI. M. ("anadknsi:, I., (t 'niin-la Mooiiswd ) Kivri Imnks ami iilni.g stmiius, -.immmIIv in woo.Ih or UiicketH. Jiily-'J. (li.) BERBERlDAOEiE." Barberry Family. liEllHEillS, 1. IwihcMij. 82. H. ViihjariH, \,. (( ^(iiiiiuoii IJurlt'iiy.) Intio.lucc.l from Eun.iK'. Ocai.Moiially fouiHl in woo.ls, as iit N.'W Edinl.uijili, wluMc tli(! se»'ils wciv inol.al.ly droppud by lanls. (JAlJLorilYI.LUM, Miclix. Hint! I'ohosli. HO. r. TII.M.ICTUOIDKS, Mk'llX. (?ap(K)S.' Hont.) Kiol. woods. All iiitcirstiiif,' plant willi the parts of the flow.-rs in sixes and of tlic same colonf as tlit' purplish tolia^.'. Tliesc arc follow^.! I.y laig.- dry l)crrifs witii a hfaiitiful l.lu.' Mooni up^.n them. May— 1. (H) All onr plants an' of a dnll purpl.-, not v.-ih.wi.sh j^rocn, as tli.'V aro siivtod t(t lie wi-st ot l,ak«' Kiii'. NYMPHjEAOEiE. -Water-lily Family. liliASKNI.N, Sciiicl.ci. Ui, 15. PKi.TATA, Pnrsh, (Water-shi»'Id.) In lakes and rocky iiools. Hidean Hivcr at lilack Itanids an 1 McLaurin's Bay, East T.!ni[.lc- ton (J. v.), Lake Win.'da^o, {l)r //. A'. SmoU). NYMl'll^EA, Touin. '\ at. t lily. 9:;. N. TlBl-.KOSA, rain., /'I il.er-li.'arini,' Wat.M-lily.) luvcisan.l Kak.'s. Tliis is the tvmmon whit.; vvati-r-lily of this locality. Til." flowers are le.ss doiiblo uiid liav.i much less se.M.t than the ne.\t. July. '.'1. N. ODOKATA, Ait. (Sweet-scented Watei lily.) Slow streams and lakes. llideau River. Ueeeh's Lake. Flowers g.-neially smaller than in No. 'J3. Kar.-. July (B.) ,M3*r- „^ NUPHAH, Smith. Yellow Pou.l-lilv. 95. N. ADVKNA. Ait. (Coimiion Yellow Pond-lily.) Htreiini.s and lakcH. .in. — I. (|i.) 1)7. N. ADVKNA + KAL.MIAXA, ('as|)ary. iV. ruOrot/incttm, Moioiifi;. Tliis \H a very iK-aiiLifiil liyl.iid hetween .V. ndueua and A'. Kdmianu. It is inteiniediat(^ in size and apiH-aiaiu;*.' hotweon ndvena and Kalmiana. The floating leaves are |)ur|)le beneath with slender petioles. The snbnxMged nienil.ianaceous l.-aves were freely ])rodnced and like those of X. Kaltalnua. The flowers expand li indie.s, huv(- sepals and iv I. right velvety crimson- 10-15 rayed stiginalic disk. The perfect frn it, which is .seldom pi educed, l)ears a closer resemblance lo hat of N. KalmiiuKi thati to that of A', ndor.wi, being almost globose with a constriction lieneath the stigma. Leaniy's Lake and Oilmonr's Piling-ground.s, July 1. 98. N. Kalmiana. Ait. (Least Yellow Pond-lily.) iV. hitetim, Viiv pnmi/mn. CJray's Manmil, 57. Streamsandlake.s. Leamy's Lake, (Jilmonr's Piling-gronmls (.J.F.). (Jteen's Creek. (//. /ii//inf/s.) July — ]. (B.) A charming little species. Quite distinct, I l)elieve, from the European A', luteiini, var pumilum. SARRAOENIAOE^. -Pitcher-Plants. SARRACENIA, Tourn. 99. S. PUKruKKA, L. (Side-.saddle Flower). Peat bogs. LaKo Flora, Hull, and Mer Bletie, abundant. A f . w l»lants in the Race-course Swamp, Hank Street Road. ( )ne of our most interesting Canadian plants. Ju.— 2. Used in Lower Canada as a remedy for sniall-po.x. var iietkrophylla, Torrey. This, I think, is merely an albino form of ,S'. purpurea. 1 have found three plants at Lake Flora, Hull. The leaves are pah; green without red veins, and the flowers yellowi.sli white. Ju. — 2. 8 PAPAVERAUEJE. Poppy Family PAPAVKW, L. Poppy. 100. p. nonuil/rrum, li. Opitim Puppy. An t!sciip«' fioiu cultivation occasiotiiilly found in wln-at lifKls iiinl upon ruhbisli lieiips. July — 2. 101. P. R/ur((>i, L. Introduced with seed wheat at I3illiiiys Bridge. Ocea.sioiiidly found hy roadsides, hut nowhere permanently introdu(!ed. July. SANUUINARIA, L. Blood root. 10-t. S. CAXADKNSIS, ii. ( lilood-root .) lloay the Indians liutli as a dye- plant and medicinally. April — 4. CHKLIDONIUM, L. Celandine. 105. C. vMJiiH, L. (Celandine.) Introduced. Occasionally found by wav-sides as al Stewarton and New Edinburg. June. FUMARIAOE^. -Fumitory Family. ADI.UMIA, llaf. Climbing Fumitory. lOG. A. ciuiuioSA, Haf. (Cy[)ress Vine.) Rocky woods. Common. A most beautiful creeper with delicate foliage and a profusion of pink pendent blossoms, flowering all the .sumnn'r. Sometimes creeping over bushes 10 or 12 ft.-et high. Ju. —2. DICENTRA, Bork. 107. D, CucULLAitiA, DC. (Dutchman's 1 beeches.) Rich woods. May — 1. (B.) 108. D. Canadensis, DC. (Squirrel Corn, " Wood Hyacinth.") Rich woods. May — 2. (B.) CORYDALIS, Vent. 110. C. olauca, Pursh. (Pale Corydalis.) Hill sides and amongst rocks. .May — 2. Flowering all the summer. B. "'•*«»taB^ i-'i i nijjiiMi. M. i jmM 111. C. AUKKA, Will.l. (UoldtiU (Jorydalis.) Hill sides and rocky woods. May — 2. (B.) ORUOIPER^— Mustard Family. NASTURTIUM, K. Bv. Cress. 114. iV. ojftdiiale, H. Br. ( Water cress ) Springs iind broi;ks. Billings Bridge C'lielsea. New E linljurgh, «fec. Juno. (B.) 115. N. PALUSTRE, DC. (Marslicress.) Low ground. A smooth species with [)od.s more than tsvice as long as broad. Ju. — 2. (B.) var. IIISPIDUM, Fisdi. ik Mey. Low ground. A rougher plant than the ahove with round pods. Ju.— 2. 116. N. AMPHiBiUM, K. Br. Low ground. A coarser and larger plant than the aljove, the stem generally decuml)ent ami rooting at the hase, Biennial or perennial with pods shaped like those of iV. ftxlustre. Ju. — 2. 119. N. LACUSTRi;, Gray. (River-cress.) MiM'gins of rivers. Malloch's Bay, Ottawa, and abundant in tlu! Nation river at Cas.sehnan. An intisresting plant with tlie submerged leaves much laciniated. The flowers and fruit are not vcM'y freely produced ; but when mature tlie leaves fall off, throw out loots and become new plants. Ju.- — 2. 120. N. Armoracia, Fries. (Horse Radish.) An escape from cultivation. Occasionally tound on waste plates in the suburbs of the city. DENTARIA, L. Tooth-wort. 121. D. DiPHYLiJA, Miclix. (Crinkle-root.) Rich woods. Mny -2. (R) 122. 1). LACINIATA, Mulil. (Cut-le;ivS. me. ) CERASTIUM, h. 300. C. viacosum, L. (Mouse-ear Chick weed ) 6'. vulyalum. Gray's Manual, p. 94. Oultivuted ground. Introduced. Annual. Nearly erect. \l 15 307. C. VL'LOATUM, fi. (Larger blouse-oar CJiiokwecil.) C. viscosum. G lay's Manual, p. 9 i. Perennial, riiireadini,', a lai-ger ])lant than tlie preceding. (B.) 308. C. NUTANS, Raf. (Nodding (Jerastiuni.) Danij) pLices amongst rocks. Hull, Little Chaudieve. Ju. — 2. ;)09. C. arvense, L. Field Chick weed. Rocky pastures. New EcHnbuvgh (Mrs. ChamherUn), Janeville (R. B. Whyte). Ju.— 2. SPERGULA, L. Spurrey. 322. S. arvensis, L. Corn Spurrey, Introduced. Grain liehls. Billings Bridge, lieU's Corners. Ju.- PORTULACAOE-ffl.— Purslane Family. Cultivated in France as a PORTULACA, Tourn. Purslane. 326. /-'. oleracen, L. (Pusley.) Introduced. Cultivated ground, vegetable. Ju.— 2. (B.) CLA.YTONIA, L. 331. C. Caroliniana, Mx. (Broad-leaved Spring-beauty.) Rich woods. One of our earli<>st floweis, and sonietiinea called "May-flower." May— 1. (B.) C. Virginica, common in Western Ontario, was collected at Perth 1)V Mr. B. B. Whyte, but has not yet been detected in this locality. HYPERIOACEiE.— St. Johu's-wort Family. HYPERICUM, L. St. John's Wort. 343. H. PYRAMiDATUM, Ait. (Great St. John's-wort.) H. Ascyron, L. Riverside. Casselman. Aug. — 1. 345. H. EixiPTicuM, Hook. Low ground, river banks. A small pretty species. July— 3. (B.) 346. Jl. perjoratum. \i. (Jouimon St. John's-woit. Introduced. Abundant in dry pastures. July — 2. (U.) 347. 11. coHVMBOSiiM, Muld. (Spotted St. Johu's-worl.) H, macnlatuiii, Walt. River banks. Janeville, St. Louis Dam, Aylmer, Hull. July— 4. t u t IG 348. H. MUT.LUM, L. (Small Swann. St. John's wort.) Low ground. Ju. — 4. (15.) 349. H. Canadense, I-. Low gromal. July — '• ELt)DE.S, AchiH. Marsh St. JohnVuort. 3r)3. E. ViROiNiCA, Nutt. H. Virgiiiicum, L. Swami.s and margins of streams. July— 2. (B.) MALVAOEiE.— Mallow Family. MALVA. Common Mallow. ^f,i. M. rotundifolla, L. (Hound-leavod Mallow.) Introduced. Roadsides and waste-i.laces. Ju.— ( iM 555. ^f.S!Jlvest.>■is,h. (Hi-h Mallow.) < . Of u^.utniin's SDrititiH. Bank St. Introduced, (latinean Point. Kistm.ins ^\nui„ Road. July— 2. 356. M. crtspa, L. (Curled Mallow.) A garden escape. Billings Bridge, Hull. 357. iV. mosrhafn, I.. (Musk Mallow). Introduced. Roadsides and pastures. white. July— 2. ABUTITiON. Indian Mallow. 3G2. A. Avicenna:, (;ajrtu. (Velvot-leat). Introduced. Waste-places. Aug.— 2. HIBISCUS, L. Rose Mallow. 364. 11 Trionuw, L. (Bladder Ketmui.) A garden escape. Aug. — 1. Flowers open Let we.m 9 o'clock and noon. TILIAOE-^.- Linden Family- TITJA, L. Bass wood. 3G6. T. Amekicana, L. (Basswood.) Woods and pastures. Ju.— 2. (B.) var. PLUKSCENS, Loud. (Downy-leaved Basswood.) Near St. Louis Dam. Ju.— 2. Auii. — 1. Flowers both pink and MJWM!j-.W'.' :r ^:: ^^:-i^ ' \ ,i ,' ! 17 LINAOEiE -Flax Family. LINUM, L. Flax. 373. Z. usitatisshii'im, I^. (Oomnion Flax, Linseed) Introduced with .seed grain. July — 2. GERANIACEiE -Geranium Family. GERANIUM. J79. G. prafense, L. (IMo.idow Crane's-I.ill.) A garden e.sca|)e at AyluuM-, P.Q. Jii._2. (A'. 8. Whyte.) 380. G. Carolinian iJ.M, L. Rocky woods and .sandy fields. Ju. — 2. (15.) 381. G. RoiiKHTlANCM, \u (lierl) Robert.) Rocky Woods. J.ittle Chaudiere, Hull, and (Jiiel.soa. Ju.—l, ERODIUM, L'Her. Storks bill. 384. E. cicntiirinni, \J\\vi\ Introduced. NVaste-jjlaccs. Rare. July — 1. 385. E. moschdtum, Willd. JNluaky Storks-hill. A garden escape. Stewarton. Not uncommon. IMPATIENS, L. Balsam, Jewel-weed. 387. I. FULVA, Nutt. (Spotted Touch-me-uot). Low ground. July — 2. (B.) A variety with yellow unspotted flowers i.s found alon" the St. J^ouis Dam. OX ALTS, L. Wood Sorrel. 389. G. Ac.'KTOSELi.A, I,. (Wood Sorrel.) Shaily swamps an I dam]) woods. Ju. — 2. 391. O. I'OHNICULATA, L. Var. STKICTA, Suv. 0. utricta, Ij. Common in low s^round and gravelly places. Ju. — 2. (li.) This 1 think is ])robal)ly a distinct species, and not a variety of 0. corniculata, L. RUTAOE^.— Rue Family. XANTHOXYLUM, Golden. Priokl} Ash. 392. X. Amkku'ANU.m, Mill. (Northern Prickly Ash.) River banks. Mn.y -2. July- 1. (Yellow Wood Sorrel.) k: 1 I i 18 OELASTRACEiE.— Staff-tree Family. [LEX, Iv. I roily. 39r). I. VERTiciLLATA, (Jiiiy. (( 'aniidiiiii Holly, Dlm'k Ahln. ) Swamps ami rivur iuai'i( hc! it;t ben'it^H. NKMOPANTUKS, Raf. Mountain Holly. 39G. N. CANADEN8IS, DC. Peat l)og.s. Jn. — 1. A shapely hImuVi of even greater lieauty than the preceding with slender branches whicli bear a profusion of delicate light-green foliage and purplish-red l)erries on slendei- pedicels. CELASTRUS, L. 397. C. SCANDENS, L. (Wax-work, " CIin)bing Bitter-sweet.") Kocky woods. .lu. — 1 (W.) RHAMNACE^.— Buckthorn Family. CEANOTHUS, L. Red-root. 401. C. Americanus, L. (New Jer.scy Tea). RockclifTe. Very rare. July — 1. RHAMNUS, Tourn. Buckthorn. 405. R. ALNIFOLIA, L'Her. Peat bogs. May — 4. VITAOE^.— Vine Family. VITIS, Tourn. Grape Vine. 409. V. RiPARiA, Mx. (Frost Grape). V. cordifolia, Mx. Oiay's Manual, p. 112. River-sides. Ju.— 2. (B.) AMPELOPSIS, ]Mx. 411. A. QUiNQUEFOLiA, Mx. (Virginian Creeper, American Ivy.) Low woods. July — 1. SAPINDAOE^. STAPHYLEA, L. Bladder-nut. 412. S. TRIFOLIA. L, (American Bladder-nut.) River-side at Billings Bridge. Rare. May— -2. (B.) ^^^"^ T^'^^'IfTS iii Brj?^ MW^ 19 .'ESUUIATS, L. Hnrs(; (,'liustnut. 413. -//'. Hip/iocdxlii iinni, fj. liiiiDiliicr.l. < 'iiliiviitcil I'tir ils licimiy ; Uiit, not ho succpssfMlly lifir as ill Wrslrni Oiitaiio. A(JI'Jlv, I'oui II, .M.ijili-. 111. A. I'i:nn.svi,vaM(um, i .. (Siii|,c.| Maiilt;.) Kocky 1111(1 saiiily Wtmils. .Mav- -3. ■tl;'). A. si'iCATtJM, I.aiii. (Moiiiitaiii .Ma|tlc.) Wet Wuodx. J 11.-—,'}. 419. A. SACCHARINLTM, Wall!,'. (Siiijar Maple, Ifanl Maplo.) Kocky and samly woods. May — '2. var. NUiUiM, 'I', k (J. (howiiy Mai.le.) Easily dislinguiblialik' tVoin tiic i\\n\ willi wliich it occuih l.y tin* foliage, which is dull dark gieen. iiiilie.st.-ciit heneatli, turning to yellow in tin* autumn. The ]ea\(,'.s are generally reourvetl at the sides, which gives theia a rounded ap[)euiiince. 420. A. DASYCARPUM, Ehili. (.Silver, or White Maple.) Islands and river baulcs. Aiil. — .'}. One of the drst plants to dower in the sjuing. 421. A. RUBUUM, L. (Hed, or Soft Majile.) River banks and low woods, May — 1. (B) NEGUNDO. Ash-leaved Maple, 422. N. ACEROIDKS, Mionch. (.Manitolia Majih?, Bo.x Elder.) Introduced. Now largi-ly cultivated as a shade tree troin its rapid growth. it is noi, however, well suited for this purpose. May— 2. ANACARDIAO^-Sumach Family. RHUS, L. Sumach. 423. R. TYPHiNA, L. (Stag's-liorn Sumach.) Rocky woods and fields. July — 1. (B) 427. R. ToxicoDKNDRON, \j. (Poison Ivy.) Rocky woods and fields, Ju. — 2. (B) 429. R. AROMATICA, Ait. (Scented Sumach.) In a rocky held near Lake Flor.'i, Hull, I'.Q., is a l:irL;e stra^glinu' patch of this species, it is evidently all one [ilaiit many years old ; but as it only bwirs staniinate Howers there are no seed- lings. {H. M. Ami.) May— 2. 5 i wm 20 LEGUMINOS^ -Pea Family. TRIKOIJU.M. Clovn. 450. T. (irriusc, I.. ( li/il.l.il-f.-ot CliiMi'. I IiitrocIiictMl. Ill ii liiM at liillings liiidi^c. Ilaic. .hi.- -1. •151. T. /»;it,:ns(i, \.. ( I!<'<1 Cluv. r.) Introduced. Ju. — 1. (I'.) 453. T. rfjiium, \,. (W'liiic i.i- Duicli ( Muver.) Introtlucrd. Ju. — I. (IJ) 460. 7'. aijruriuvi, L. (Ifop (^'lover.) Introduct'il. An (M'cl'I, hiiudsoiiH^ plant, soinctimcs 18 iiicln's lii<.,'li, with hIiow'v Hdwhi's. Ka.^tlllau'.s Springs, Avliner. (./. /''.) Beech wood". (A', li. Wln/te.) 461. '/'. p7'(>cu)nl)eiis, \j. (jjuw Hop Clover.) Introduced. Billinirs l')ridi.,'(' (./. F.) Xcar St. licuis [)ain (A*. /J. Whi/ie). l)al> .slifei, (./. T. McLiiiujkHa). Ju. — '1. 462. T. hijbndum, \,. (Alsike Clover.) Introduced. Ju. 2. MELILOrUS, Tourn. Melilot. 405. M. itlbii, Lam. (Sweet Clover.) Introduced. Waysiiles. July — 2. (B) 4GG. M. o(fichia/is, Willd. (Yellow .Melilot.) Introduced. Wavsides and waste j)Iaoes. July — 2. MEDICAGO, L. .Aledick. 467. MJnpulina, L. (Black Medick, Hop Trefoil.) Introduced. Fields and waysides. Ju. — 1. (LJ) ROBINIA, L. Locust Tree. 486. E. Pseudacacia, L. Introduced. Crowing spontaneously from seeds. llockclifTe, Beechwood, Hull. Ju. — 2. ASTRAGALUS, L. Milk Vetch. 491. A. Canadensis, L. River hanks. Hull, Rockcliffe, Billings Bridge. Ju. — .3. 504. A. CooPERi, Cray. Rocky woods. Rockcliffe, Hull. Ju. — 1. (B.) As comparetl with A. Cdnadeiisin, with which it may be con- founded, this is a smaller and smoother plant, with thin one- celled pods, and leaflets from 11-21 in number and opens its uiiai i nMMUL-jtuipiuiiBi V- "^N llowciM in the l»i'!,'imiiui,' olMiiiu!, whilst A. ('nuii,'/>',ii>is has tliick coiiiphdcly two ctiUcd [lod.s in Ikulj rUiM; spikes, IciiHots Jl-'J7 in MiiMilici- ami lluwcrs hitt; iu July. DKS.MODM'.M. \n'. Ti.lc Tn^loil. r»3C.. I). A( I MINATl \I, |)('. Ivich woods. Mccuh's Laiir, I'al I, rsuii'^ ( 'ifrk ami I'.iiliiigs IJri.I;,'!'. July— 1. .M:{. I). <;anaI)i;.\si:, IX'. Dry bunks and in ihickdts. l!illint,'s I'.rid^c, St. I.ouis i)ani (./. /•'.); Kasl 'l\'ni|»luton (/.'. A'. \\'/if//r). July—.'?. (15.) VKJIA. V.tdi, Taiv. r)IU. V. sdlirn, L. ((-oninion 'I'aiT,) Inlrudurcd. A)i|i((arin<,' in ail (.ultivalcd lands. July — I. (It.) 5.')0. r. fi'trdsj/rniiii, l,oiscl. lnli'(Mluu(Hl. J5ank struct luad, l.S?! (J. //. .]/oiirc.) r)f)l. V. h.irsiiln, Koch. Introduced. A pardon wtu-d (/,'. Ji. Wlujle) ; liillin<,'8 Uridgc in a wheat Held (J. K.) Aujl,'. — 2. 552. r. Cmcca, L. Introduced, liailway hanks and in hay lields. Ju.--3. LATHYKLJS. 558. L. ociiHor.KUCus, I Took. Ivocky woods. Hull, Ohelst'a, llockcliliV, Little Cliaiulii're. July~2. (IJ.) 559. L. rAhiJSTius, L. River sides and danij) nu.'adows. Ju. — L'. (15.) vur. MVRTlFOMUs, (.iray. With the above, and iJcrhaps hardly worthy of u varietal name, intermediate forms occurring all the way from the extreme form back to the type. APIOS. Ground Nut. 561. A. TUBEROSA, Mcench. River banks. A most interesting perenniaj, with handsome foliage and den.se racemes of beautiful bi-own-purple, \i<.let- acented flowers, and Ijcaring edible tubers at short distances along underground stems. Aug. — 1. (B.) r.. ^Wi AMI'HIC.MII'.MA, Kll, II..- I'.-a nut. r.C.T. A. MoNoicA, Kll. Rivor liMiill:iiiiN. An-. I. (I'>.) A unnM-fnl cr<'<'|icr, with |in'lty t I'ifiiliuto fcil';ii,'('. sIi'IhI'T twiniii^ stems iuiil di liciiir |i ir|ilisli llnwcis ; licarin^. ;is well a-i |lic lliin scymi'tar sliaprd |K)(ls wliii'li rolliiw llic ii|ipi'r tlnwci's. Iari,'(' lli'sliv n'uit'in'iu suli- IciTiUK'Uii pods wliicli arc ifi'iicraliv (ini'-scc.Icd. ROSACEA. Rose Family. PRUNUS, Toiini. PImii. Clinrv. 50S. P. AMKItirANA. Maisliall. (Wild \U>\ IMuin.) Tliifkcts. May— 3. (15) Till' flint of tliis spcfifs varies \ery iii>ic|i upon different trees, liotli in si/M ami cfiloiir. and also in 'piality. IMany varieties are ciilti\ated. ami foiin a valiialilc fniit for dotiiestie purposes var. Mor.i.is. T. .V erry.) Woods and thickets. May— 3. (B.) rsaasa LiiJiiiiiwiiiL.^jguu?w»!.).««:arTgr 25 FRAG ART A, Touin. Strrtwhen-y. G20. P. VtRGiNiAXA, Duclic'sue. (Rouml-fruited Strawberry.) Woods an or G. The whole |)lant of F. vesnt is vilions downy. Afa. — 1 (B.) POTRNTILLA, L. Five Fingcr.s. Ci'i;} P. AROUTA, Pnrsh. Roeky hunks. A tall coarse plant witii creaui-colonrcd llowers. Rare. Ijritannia (R. />. U/tijff.). Kinf/s Mountain (././-'.) Ju.-2. 625. P. NoHVEnicA, L. P'ields. Ju. -2. (P..) 637. /'. arurvloa, \i, (Silvery Potentilla.) Introduced. Field.s and waysides. Very much connnonci- than a few years ago. Stewarton abundant. New Kidinburgh. 'Theo- dore street. July — 1. Glf). P. I'AHTSTHTs, Scop. (AFarsli Five-linger.) C'oDiaravi paJiislrc, L. Peat-bogs and Marshes. -Inly — 1. G49. P. Anserina, L. (Silver Weed.) Sandy inaTgins of rivers. Jnly — 1. (P>. ) 650. P. Canapensis, L. Pine woods at Ayluu'r. Iuun^ in this district. Some of the spec! mens in open diy sjiots taking the form of the v;ir. s'tiiiplix T. & a. Ju.— 1. AGRTMONTA, Tourn. Agrimony. Gok A. lOui'ATOurA, L. ((Common Agrimony.) Border.s of woods. Jidy--1. (B) T 2(\ ROSA, Tourn. Hose. 660. R. Carolina, L, (Swaniit Rose.) Borders of swamps. Rare. Hull. Ay\mQV {J.F.) Meech's Lake (//. M. Ami). July— 2. 662. R. BLANDA, Ait. (Early Wild Rose.) Rocky islands and fields. Jii. — 1. (B.) 2135. R. Sayii, rtcliwein. (Prickly Wild Rose.) E. bhmda, Ait. vur. seti;/era, Crepin. A pretty species soniewliat like B. bhuvia ; liut with very prickly stems and glaucous [unkisli-tinged round, oval, or almost [)ear shaped fruit. Hull. Kingsuiere. Jn. — 1. 670. A', iiiicranthu, Smith. (Sweet Brier.) Introduced. A few bushes of this rose are to be found growing wild as at Hull and near the St. Louis Dam ; but they do not increase here as they do in Western Ontario. Ju. — 1. PTRIIS, L. Pear. G72. P. malm, L. (Cultivate.! A])ple.) Introduced. Trees which liave giown from .seed of cultivated a;)ples are occasionally found in thickets and by waysiiles. Tlie native crab, P. coruuarin, L. lias never yet been found in this district. 673. P. AumrriFOLiA, L. ((Jhoke-bcrry.) /'. arbiitifdiio. \j. vur. en/throcarjju, 0. Peat-bogs. P(!dicels ami leaves Ijeneath pubescent. Fruit i>urple. Ju.— 1. var. MKLANOCAiii' V, Hook. Peat-bogs. Witli the above, l)ut much more abundant. Leaves and pedicels almost smooth, and the somewhat smaller Ix'irie^ mucli blacker. Ju.— L 674. P. Amkhioana, DC. (American Mountain Ash.) Rocky woods. King's Mountuin and other pliers near Chel.sea. Ju. — 2. The biuis of this species are covered with a resinous gum. var. .MICROCARPA, T. & 0. Rocky woods. Fruit much smaller. Trees of this variety brought froui Iving's Mountain ai'c now growing in the cwo gardens on tlie N.K. and N.W. corners of Metcalfe and Cooper streets. ■-■■ -" • » .\ fr 27 675. P. SAMBUCIFOLIA, Cliani & Schlecht. Peat-bog. A shrub closely resembling P, Americana, Init with downy buds, is growing in the Lake Flora bog, Hull, This species and the preceding appear to run so close together as to suggest that ahey are, as Michaux thought, only varieties of one species. Ju, — 2. . /' Aucuparia, Meyer. (Rowan Tree.) Introduced, Extensively cultivated as an ornamental tree, and naturalized from seed in many of oui- woods. CRAT^GUS, L. Hawthorn. 678. 0. cocciNBA, L. Scarlet-fruited Thorn. Thickets iind fields. May — 4. Leaves thin, pedicels glabrous or nearly .so. var, macra::tiia, Lodd. €. tomentosa, L. of Gray's Manual and other authors. Thickets. May— 4. (B.) Leaves thicker, pedicels calyx, and le.ivis wlien young villous- pubescent. Prof. Macoum tells me that what has up to this time lieen taken as G. tomentosa, from this locality is not tliat spt^oies. but merely a pubescent variety of 0. coccinea, as is also the var. pyrifoUa of his catalogue. The working up of the Thorns of this locality is a simple matter. We have only detected the above mentioned foims, and these seem to vaiy very little. They require moi-e study, however* and careful search should be made for the true C. fomentom. which is described in "Garden and Forest,' 1888, p. 249, as Howering some weeks latei- than the forms of C. coccinea, with pale gray branches al nost destitute of thorns, leaves thicker and more pubescent, without glands, gradually contracted into a stout margined petiole, densely pubescent on the under side as are the calyx and stems of the inflorescence, corymbs broader .ind looser, fruit smoother. We have none of the yellow-fruited varieties of Western Ontario at Ottawa. mm wm m 28 AMELAN('HIP:II, MefUc. Jiiiie-heiry. Sei-vice-berry. : 685. A. Canadensis, T. 6:, G. (Sliail-l)iisli.) A. OaiHdleiinis, T. it. G. var. /iotri/apiuiii, Gray. Tliickots and woods, iNFay — 3. (B.) This is a most variable species,'" iiml it is soinetimes difficult to infer specimens to tIhi oliaiacterised varieties, Tliosi:' referred to tiif type have i)ointed, slnrply sei'rato, ^lalirons Icavt-s (vary- ing, liowevei', to villouspnlirsci'iil when young), flowers large, in pendulous racemes. Hcrf, too, must come a beautiful variety found U])on King's Mountain, n'corded in the 1887 list as var. nhiifolid. The leaves are larije, oblong, coarselv-serrate and glabrous. The flowei-s lai'gci than those of tlu^ fy])e. In fact it resembles A. . Hull. Mav — 4. A small shrul). If a varii'iy of A. f!atnitffnsiii, ;i, very distinct one with elect ra<-enies of small cnjainv white flowers and tlie leaves beneath, i liranchlets thickly covered with yellowish-u bite down. SAXIFRAGAOEJE.— Saxifrage Family. SAXIPRACA, li Saxifrage. 699. S. ViRGiNENSis, .Mv. (S|»rii:g Sa.xifrage.) Rocks. RockcliflPe. Chelsea Hills. \lay— 3. TIARELLA, I;. False' .Mitre uort. 720. T. coiiDiFOMA, L. (" Wood .Mignonette.") Rich woods. A charmiiii; spring flower. May- -2. (B.) MITKLLA. Tourn. Mitre-wort 723. M. DIPHYT.I.A, L. Rich woods. May — 2. (B.) 724. M. NUDA, L. Cold swamjiy woods. May — 2. (B.) This is one of the crcins of our woods. The inconspicuous green flowers aie of extpiisite lieauty when examined, and have a most ]iowerfiil orlour for such small flowers. IM) CHRYSOSPLENIUM, Tf't. Golden Saxifrage. 735. C. AMERtcANUM, Scliwein. In brooks and swampy woods. May — 3. (B.) RIBES, L. Gooseberry. Currant. 747. R. OXYACANTHOIDES, L. (Smootli Gooseberry.) IL hirtellum, Mx. Swamps. May — 3. The fruit, although small, is very pleasant. 749. R. Cynosbati, L. (Prickly Gooseberry.) Rocky banks. May— 3. (B.) 760. R. LACUSTRE, Poir: (Bristly Gooseberry.) Wet woods. May — 4. (B.) Young stems thickly beset with slender prickles. Fruit bristly and growing in a raceme, almost tasteless. 752. R. RUBRUM, L. ^Red Currant.) Cool woods. May — 2. Fruit sparsely produced, astringent. 753. ti. PROSTRATUM, L'Her. (Fetid Cnrrant, Skunk Currant.) Swamj)S and cool woods. May — 3. Stems prostrate. Fruit red, bristly, and very uni>!<>asaiit 757. R. FLORiDUM, L'Her. (Wild Black Currant.) River banks and thickets. May — 3. (B.) A useful shrub bearing a profusion of greeuish yellow fl(nvers fol- lowed by quantities of palatable ovoid fruit of tho same character as the cultivated Black Currant. ORASSULAOE^.— Orpine Family. PENTHORUM, Gronov. Ditch Stone-crop. 762. P. SEDOIDES, L. Ditches. July— 1. (B.) j^ t' 11" \, Tourn. Stone Crop. " .).' ••'. ac7'e, L. (Mountain Mosis. Stone Crop.) *) -oduced. On limestone rocks. Richmond Koad. New Edinburgh. Mount Sherwood. June — 3, no 768. 6'. Tehphium, L. (Jjiva for ever. Orpine.) Introcluced. On the rocks round Parliament Hill. Near St. Louis Dam. July — 1 . DROSERACEiE— Sundew Family. DROSERA, L. Sundew. 771. D. ROTUNDiFOLiA, L. (Round-leaved Sundew.) Peat bogs. June — 4. 773. U. INTEKMEDIA, Drev k Hayne, var. Ameuiciana, DC. J), lonyifolia, Mx. Peat bogs, with the last. Mer IMeue. How's Swamp, kc. Ju. — 4. HAMAMELAOE^-Witch Hazel Family. HAMAMELIS, L. Witch Hazel. 775. K. YlRGlNIANA, L. //. Vinjinica, L. Thickets. Very rare at Ottawa. Tlio only locality being on the Chelsea Road about 2 miles from Hull, where there are a few bushes. An interesting shrub, flowering after the leaves have fallen. Oct. — 3. H.^LORAGEiE— Water Milfoil Family. MYRIOPHYLLUM, Vaill. (Water Milfoil.) 776. M. spicATUM, li In ponds and slow-running streams. July — 1. PROSERPINACA, L. (Mermaid Weed.) 780. P. PALUSTRIS, L. In shallow water. " Banks of the Nation River at the crossing of the Ottawa iL Prescott Railway," {B. B'dUnys.) July — 1. Not since found. To be looked for at Casselmun and at the Mer Bleue. HIPPURIS, L. Mare's Tail. 781. H. VULGARIS, L. In mud on the banks of rivers. Rare. Malloch's Bay. Hull. New Edinburgh. rx-*- ;5i ON AGRAOE^— Evening-Px irnrose Family. lAJDWlufA, L. 781. \j. PALUSTitis, Kll. (WiiLiT Hiirslimo.) Ifna nhii palnslris, J.,. Dilrlii'.s iiud Ijurdcr.s ut' livui.s. .Julv. EPILOBIUM, L. Willow I foil.. 78G. K. spiCATUM, L. (Kill! Wucd. (irfat Willow-licrb.) J'J. aaijntitiJ'oliiDa, L. Low yround in woods, csiiticiidiy after fires have run over tlieni. July—l. (B) 79". K. COI.ORATIJ.M, iMuhl. I.ow <.'ruiin(l. July 1. (B) 7D4. \\. I'ALUSTKK, L var. unkahk, Ij. Swauiji.-. .July 1. (I J) 790. E. .MOLLH, Torruy. Swanii.s. Liilvf Klor.i (,/. A. (,'/,;,/„„,■>/]. rpon a .small i.sland in th,' Ivideau Canal nt ar ('. A. iuiilway .station. lAIcr Bhnie. {J.F.\ Unconmion. Leaves wiler .nid tlie ro.se-coloured flowei'S lartrer tlian tlius(; (iC T'JI. W'iiole plant villKu.spubo.seent. Julv. CENOTIIEIIA, L. Kvenin- Primrose. 800. (H. B1KNM.S, J,. (< 'uiiDiinii Evening Piiuirose.) Fields and wasti; places. July — ]. (1>) An ( xeeedingly vaiiahle species. What 1 have considered as the lypi! has green steins and jtods witiiout tul)ercles or bristles and ],etals almost the leiigtii of the stamens. This almost answers to Gray's var. parvifiora, but the flowers are too large. var. MUUICATA, Lindl. 'J'his is the commonest form at l.ttawa, with stems and pods rough with red bristle-bearing tabercles. Petals rather longer than the stamens. var. ciiANDiFLORA, Lindl. A distinct variety with large showy fl.owers. Stems and pods without bristles. Malloch's Bav. Hull. Stewarton. mmmmmmmmmm mm i m mimmmtmmm 32 Q places. July — 1. SANTCULA, Tourn. Mlack 8nake-root. 83f). 8. Canadensis, Jj. (Canada Sanicle.) Rich woods, l.are. IJillings llridge. Hull. Ju. — 2. 83(i. S. JMakilandua, L. IJich woods. Common. .In. — 1. (B) Easily distinguished from the last by the long style.s, which are much longer tlian the prickles ot the fruit, and are recurved. The leaves are all "> 7 jtarted, whilst those of /S'. Canadensis are o-u-partcd (the upper only 3-). CONIUM. 840. C. viaculalHin, I.. (Poison Hemlock.) Inti'oduced. Uncommon. July — 2. APIUIM, L. Parsley, 814. A. Fetroselimim., L, Parsley. Introduced. Occasionally spontaneous and living over the winter to produce seed ; but of uncertain tenure. CORIANDRUM, L. Coriander Seed. C. sativum, L. Introduced. Ju. — 3. G ARU M, Koch. Carraway. 845. C. Carui, L. Introduced, Waste heaps. Not uncommon. Ju. — 3. 3 J TIIASIMUM, Nutt. Meadow I'ai.sui].. «4i». T. AUIIKIJM, Nutt. Rocky riv(!r liaiik. Oassi'liniui. Aug.- (J//.S.S Isabel Grant), fUClJTA, Kucli. (Water H.Miilock.) 851. (J. MACULATA, h. (Spottwl (Jowbaiie.) lliver sitk'S and ditches. l>illin>;s IJiidgo. Hull, .) ily — I. (H) 853. V. llULfUFKRA, L. Kiver sides and swamjiy giound. Aug. — 1. SIIJM, L. Water Paisnii). 854. S. cicuTii':FoLiUM, Gmelin. S. lineare, Mx. Rivor sides. July— .2 (B) ORYPTOT.^NIA, DC. (Ilonewort.) 855. U. Canauknsis, DC. Rich dam [I woods. Ju. — 2. (B) RUPLEURUiM, L. Thorough Wax. 2151. //, rotunilifoliuni, L. Introduced. Oat-tield at Billings Bridge, 3 or 4 plants. Ju. — 2. OSMORRHIZA, Raf. Sweet Cicely. 858. 0. LONGiSTYLis, UC. (Smoother Sweet Cicely.) Rich woods. Uncommon. Gatineau Point. Hull. Beechwood. Styles conspicuous. May — 4. 859, O. BKEViSTYLis, DC. (Hairy Sweet Cicely.) Rich woods, Common, Smaller than the last, Styles very short, inconspicuous. May — 4, (B) PEUCEDANUM. Hog Fennel. 882- P. sativum, Benth, & Hook, ^^Parsnip.) Pastinaca sativa, L. Low ground and by waysides. Introduced, Ju, — 4, (B) HERACLEUM, L, Cow Parsnip. 883, H, lanatum, Michx. Low ground near Rockcliff'e (/. A. Gidgnard). Casselnian (J. F.) Ju. — 3. A tall handsome plant, Rare in this locality. • * - . *■ ■ . . ...» . « • > • * »6 DAUCUS, Toiirn. Carrot. 887. I). Carota, L. (Jiilt.ivatfid (iarrot, liitroiliicoil. 'I'liorouglily fsfcaWUslioil ami spn'adiii.i,' in soint^ lo calitifs, lionsidtjs. I'>illiii<,'s IJiiilgt', .July— 2, ARALIAOEyB-Ginseng Family. ARALIA, Tourn, 889. A. HA0EM08A, L, (S|»ik(!nard.) Kich low woods and 8waini»H. July — 1. (B) 890. A. lUSPiDA, Vont, (Bristly Sansapanlla. " Dwarf Klder,") Kocky and Handy wooils, dii, — IJ, 891. .\. NUUIUAULIS, L. (Wild Sarsaparilla,) Rich damp woods. May — 4. (ii) 892. A. QUiNQUEKOLiA, Decsue. (Ginseng.) Rich low woods, Rare and local. Beechwood. Powell's Grove, Billings Bridge. A fine species with bright scarlet berries. July— 1. 893. A. TRIFOHA, Decsne, (Dwarf Ginseng, Ground-nut,) Rich woods, May— 2, (B) OORNAOE^— Dogwood Family. CORNUS, Tourn, Cornel, Dogwood, 895. C. Canadensis, L, (Bunoh.berry. "Pigeon-berry.") Sandy woods. A charming plant. Ju. — 1, (B) 900. C. CIRCINATA, L'Her, (Round-leaved Cornel.) Rocky woods, Ju. — 4. (B) A handsome species with large leaves, which are white beneath, and bluish berries. 901. C. SERICEA, L. (Silky Cornel.) River bank. Parliament Hill. Britannia, Rare. Often con- founded with tlie next, and sometimes difficult to separate. The leaves are more pointed and more pubescent. The cymes and flowers are a little lai-ger and the buds are more inflated at the base, :m 902. ('. STOLONIFKRA, Mx. ([iO(l-(».| ho^jw I.) Wet |)litcf'.s. (Joiniiion. firowiut,' in larj,'*' cluin|i.s. Yniiny liranclu-H bi'iglit rill. .III. (I!) 'li.is is llio " Kiniiikinilc" of t!i.' IndiiiuH on tliH yreat plains. 905. C. PANiciJL,M-A, i;Hor. (Panicleil Comol.) Sandy woods and river Wanics, Hare. Hull. Aylnu'i, Casat'l- nnm, Easily di8tin<,'iiislH;d Ity tli^ ta|it'i'|»ointed ovate-lunoeolate leaves and llu; pyraniidal oynics. ,Iu, — t, 906, 0. ALTKUNIKOLIA, L. Rocky woods and thickets. Not nncoinmon ,)n, — 1. {]',) A. sniall tree with a flattish top, iJranohes greenish-grey streaked with white, alternate. Cymes white, large and showy, with red stems. Rather a dirticnit speeies for beginuur.« to identify. GAMOPETALOUS EXOGENS. OAPRIPOLIAOEjE— Honeysuckle Family. HAMBUCUS, L, Elder.- 909. S. HACRMOSA, L, var. pubens, Watson. (Red-berried Klder.) aS'. pubeuH, Mx, Kiver sides and rocky thickets, May — 4. (JJ) 910, S. Canadensis, L, (Black-berried Elder.) Low thickets. July — 1. (B) VIBURNUM, L. Arrow Wood. 911. V. Lentago, L. (Sheep-berry.) River sides and low thickets. May — 3. (B) 912, V, cassinoides, L. F. tiudum, var. cassinoides, T. & G. Swamps and low woods. Ju, — 2. 914. V. PUBESCENS, Pursh. (Downy Arrow-wood.) Rocky woe ds. An ornamental shrub. Ju. — 2. ' "*'* ' .'".-* : -TJ^g'-' 37 915. V. ACERIFOLIUM, L. (Maple-htavecl Arrow-wood.) Thickets find woods. Ju. — 3. 917. V. Opulus, L. (High-bush Ciauljerry. " Guelder Rose.") Low thickets and liver sides. Rather uiiconiinon. Cassehiiati Ayluier. Britannia. Billings Bridge. July — 2. (B) 918. V. LANTANOiDKS, Mx. (Hobblc-busli.) Cool or rocky woods. Stewarton. Chelsea. May — 2. (B) LINN^A. 919. L. BOREALis, Gronov. (Northern Twin-flower.) Cool woods and borders of swamps. Very common. Ju. — 1. (B) Certainly one of our most attiMutive native plants, both for the grace of the delicate pink flowei j with their exquisite scent and the beauty of the foliage. SYMPHORICARPUS, Juss. (Snow-berry.) 920. S. RACEMOSUS, Mx. var. pauciflorus, Robbins. Rocky banks. Along both banks of the Ottawa. July — 2. LONICERA, L. Honeysuckle. 924. L. HiRSUTA, Eaton. (Yellow-flowered Honeysuckle. Rocky woods. Rare. Hull (J.F.) March {A. H. Uuore). July — 2 92G. L. GLAUCA, Hill. (Smooth Honeysuckle.) L. iKirvifiora, Lam. Rocky banks and woods. A straggling shrub with glaucous leaves and small clusters of flowers purple or greenish purple outside and yellow inside. Ju. — 1. (B) 928. L, CILIATA, Muhl. (Fly Honeysuckle.) Damp and rocky woods. May — 3. (B) 930. L. OBLONGiFOiiiA, Hook. (Swamp Honeysuckle.) Peat bog. Mer Bleue. Rare. July — 4. 931. L. Tartarica, L. (Garden Fly Honeysuckle.^ Escaped from cultivation. Not uncommon in woods. Beechwood. Hemlock Lake. Stewarton. June. DIERVILLA. 932. D. TRIFIDA, Moench. Bush Honeysuckle. Rocky banks and woods. Ju. — 2. (B) ii 38 TRIOSTEUM. 933. T. PERFOLiATUM, L (Fevei-wovt. Horse Gentian.) Rich woods and low meadows. Chelsea. Casselinan. Ju. — I. (B) RUBIAOEiE -Madder Family. CEPHALANTHUS, L. Button-bush. 934. C. occiDENTALis, L. (Button-bush.) Alluvial banks of streani.s. July — 2. (B) MITCHELLA, L. Partridge-berry. 937. M KEPENS, L. (" Twin-flower.") Dry woods, pai'ticularly under Coniferce. An interesting little I)lant with dark shining foliage, and bright scarlet berries each of which is formed from the joined ovaries of a puir of flowers. Jul} — 1. GALIUM, L. Cleavers. Ladies' Bed-straw. 9;i8. G. Aparine, L. ('■Joose-grass,) bi'ields and borders of woods. Uncommon. Billings Bridge. Hull. Mer Bleuo The Canadian i)lant is a smaller and slenderer form than the English, with smaller fruit. July — 1. 939. G. ASi'RELLUM, Mx. (Rough Bed-straw.) Low ground. Common. July — L (B) 941. G, TRiFiDiuM, L. Small Bed-straw. Low grounds in swamps and wet woods. A very variable species. 94-J. G. TRiFLORUM, Mx. (Threc-flowerod Galium.) Cool woods. Very common. iVlay — 4. (B) 915. G. ciRC.EZANS, Mx. (Smaller Wild Liquorice.) Dry open wood l)eyond Beecliwood Cemetery. Rare. Jn. -2. 946. G. LANCEOLATUM, Tor. (Wild Liquorice.) Rocky woods. Uncommon. CheLsea. Hull. Hemlock Lake. Ju.— 1 950. 6r. rerum, L. (Yellow Bed-straw.) Introduced. Two miles from Ottawa along the Montreal Road are two large patches of tiiis jjlant, one in the Roman Oatholic Cemetery, the other in a meadow. It is evidently well estab- lished and is increasing. {R. IJ, Whi/te) 1 f 39 SHERARDIA, L. Blue Field M.ul-I.i. 951. .S. avensis, L. Introduced. Roadside. Gatliered two yeai's in succession upon Friel street. {II, M. Ami). COMPOSITE -Daisy Family. EUPATORIUM, L. Tlioiough-woit. 959. E. PUKPURKUM, L. var. maculatum, Dail. (Joe-Pye Weed.) E imrpure.uni, L. in |)art of Gray's Manual. Low woods and meadows. July— 4. (B) 960. E. PERFOLiATUM, L. (Boneset,) Low woods and meadows. July--4. (B) 961. E. AGERATOIDES, \,. ('Vl.i'r Siialse-U)o' . ) t\icli damp woods. A lovely sjiecies well worthy of cultivation. Aug.-l. (B) SOLID AGO, L. Golden Kod. 980. S, SQUAKROSA, Muhl. Rocky woods »fe ravines. An erect handsome species. Aug. — 1, (B) 98 L 8, c^siA, I J. Rich woods. I'illings Rridge. Found only in the above locality {Miss I Siibel Grant) . Aug. — 1. var. AXILLARIS, Gray. Mountain woods, Hull. Ghelsen, ber;/i!, T. »fe G. and of Gray's Man\ial. Kccky wiiods. Kirk's Fci-ry. Aug,- 2. Root-leaves large, thin and smooth. Panicle erect, hut open, 999. S. JUNCEA, Ait. S\ argutcf, T, dc G. and of Giay's Manual. Sandy and rocky woods. Near St. Louis Dam and Kirk's Foi-ry, Rare. Aug, — 2, Root leaves smaller and narrowei'. Stems red. Panicle corymbose, with long drooping racemes, 1001, S. SEROTINA, Ait. ii\ yujautea, T. & G. and of Gray's Manual. Borders of woods. Common but not abunchint. Aug.~l Leaves quite smooth on both sides. Panicle pubescent. (B) var. oroANTRA. Grav. S. serutina, T. k G. and of Gray's Manual. Rocky woods. Commoner than the hst. Aug.— L Leaves hairy on the veins beneath. 1004. S. Canadensls, L. (Common Golden-rod.) W.ods and fields. Aug.— 1. (P.) Our commonest species ex- tending under one foi-m or another from the Atlantic to the Pacific. As I'epreseuted at Ottawa ih" plunts may be divided into three forms, ranging from almo.st smooth to .«ottlv down v. One of the most strikinjj is ■Mi 41 S. Canadensis, L. var. procera, T. &, G. Tliis is a tall, softly ])ubescent, almost canesceiit form, generally found in low ground. Altlioiigh very distinct, it grows with the other forms. 1005. S. NEMORALIS, Ait. Dry sandy fields. Aug. — 1. A dwarf rough species, 1010. S. LANCEOLATA, L. Low wet ground. July — 3. (B) ASTER, L. Star-wort. 1U17. A. CORYMBOSUS, Ait. Shady woods. Rather rare, July — 4. Leaves large and thin stem slender and weak. 1018. A. MACROPKYLLUS, L. (Largti-lftaved Aster.) Rocky open woods. Common. Auir.^1. (B) lit^vcs large, tiiick and rough ; stems stout and rigid. 1033. A. CORDIFOLIUS, L. Woodlands and thickets. Aug. — 1. (B) A shokvy species well worthy of cultivation. This and the next are the only species found here with the lower leaves all cordate. 1034. A. LiNDLEYANUS, T. ife G. Woodlands and thickets. Aug. — 1. Usually taller and slenderer than the last. Tiie stem-leaves with margined petioles and the raid-rib with a fringe of long soft hairs beneath, 1041. A. PANICULATIJS, fiam. Low ground. Aug. — 2. (B) llndei' this species are now grouped al! the forms formerly iuchided in A. simplex, T. & G. and A. teuuijolhis, T. ife G. In it is in- cluded all the forms occurring here with smoothish, vtn-y much branched steins, and with long narrow leaves and whitisli flow- ers. I cannot help thinking that Dr. Gray has brought together too many forms under this name. 1042. A. DiFFUSiJs, Hook. A. miser, T, & G. A, miser, T. & G. var. hirsuticaidis. T. k, G. Low ground. Aug. — 1. (B) This name also now covers a multij^licity of forms of very ditfeient V i- 42 habit and appearance. They are either low, much branched and spreading over tlie ground or erect and simple. The leaves vary from short, and obtuse, to 4 inches in length, with a tapering point as in the var. hirsuticaulis. The size of tho flowers and the degree of pubescence vary no less than the leaves. With regard to these closely allied forms of this genus it is im- perative that they shoiild be grown from the seed under tho same conditions and several specimens studied in a living state. 1044. A. JUNCEUS, Ait. A. cnstivus, Ait. Peat bogs, in shade. July— 2. (B) A slender si)ecies with long narrow leaves. Flowers white tinged with pink, and few in number. Our earliest Aster. 1049. A. PUNICEUS, L. (Tall Michaelmas Daisy.) Low ground. July — 3. (B) A tall handsome species with hairy red stems, auricled clasping leaves and bluish-lilac flowers. var. I.AEVICAULIS, Gray. \SiV. firiyiiis, T. & G. Macoun's Cat. p 2 20. var. vimineus, Gray. Much scarcer than the type, with paler flowers and almost gla- brous stems. 2170. A. viMiXECS, Lam. A. vimineus, Lam. vAV./oliolosns, Gray, of Macoun's Cit. p. 545. In damp soil along the Nation River at (Jas.selman. (Prof, Maooun) Aug— 3. A tall species akin to, but distinct from A. pcviicidatus, with long narrow leaves and whitish flowers. Prof. Maooun t^lls me that his Casselman specimens recorded above belong to the species and not to the variety foUolosus. 1050. A. Nov.E-AxGLi.E, L. (Purple Michaelmas Daisy.) Kocky banks. Aug — 2. Found only at CasselniAn so far, in this locality. (Miss NuUie Macoun). Easily recognizo.l by its bright pur|)io flowers and viscid glandular jjubescence. lOGl. A. ACU.MKNATrs, Mx. (PaleAstei.) Sandy and rocky woods, local but abundant where it oecur.«. Chelsea, Hull, Stewart's bush, Beechwood. A low plant with a rosette of leaves beneath the few-flowered panicle. Stems rough. (l^) (Pearly Everlasting.) 43 ERIGERON, L. Flea-bane. 1087. E. PuiLADELPHicus, L. (Pink Flea-bane.) Low grassy places. Jn — 1. (B.) 1089. E. ANNUUS, Pers. Fields and roadsides. July — 1. (B.) A tall coarse species with stem-leaves coarsely toothed. 1090. E. STRiGOSus, Muhl. Dry fields and open woods. July — 1. (B.) Slenderer than the li.,st with stem-leaves entire. 1094. E. Canauense, L. ('-Fire weed.") Fields, open woods and waste iilaces. July — 2. ANTENNARIA. 1097. A. PLANTAGIN'FOr " 'Took. Fields and open \n„.'>.1 ■•..«" — 3. (B.) ANAPHALIS. 1102. A. MARGARiTACE. . Benth and Hook. Dry fields and woods. J ," — 2. ■t.) GNAPHALIUM, L. Cudweed. 1103. G. DECURRENS, Ives. (Sticky Everlasting.) Dry fiolds. July 1. Easily recognized by the decurrent loaves. 1108. G. ULiGt.vosuM, L. (Low Cudweed.) Waysides and in dried up places where water has stood in the spring. July — 2. (B.) 1109. G. POLYCEPHALUM, Mx. (Scented Cudweed.) Dry pastures. Near St. Louis Dam. Beyond Beechwood. Cemetery. Sep — 1. Smaller than No. 1103. Leaves not decurrent: whole ])]ant strongly scented. INULA, L. Elecami)ane. 1112. /. Ilelenium, L. Introduced. Waysides and pastures. July — 2. AMBROSIA, Tourn. Rag weed. 1119. A. TRIFIDA, L. Not indigenous in this locality. Low ground. Near St. Louis Dam. Major's Hill. Sep— 1. «" 44 1120. A. AKTEMISI.EFOLIA, L. Roadsides and fields. Aug — 1. XANTHIUM, Tourn. Cocklobur. 1125. X. Canadense. Mill. var. eciunatum, Gray. X. strumarium, L. "Waste places and alluvial tlats. July — 1. RUDBECKIA, L. Cone-flower. 1129. R. HiKTA. L. (Yellow Daisy.) Fields and railway banks. Introduced from the West. Occasional in various localities, but in great aljundance in a jiasture at Kingsinere, P. Q. 1130. R. LACtNIATA, L. Riyer sides and wet woods. Casselinan. Rare. Aun; — 2. HELIANTHUS, L. Sun-flower. 1135. 1\. annuus,1j. (Garden Sunflower.) Frequent on waste heaps. July — 1. It is rather remarkable that W6 have so far found none of the native Ilelianthi wild in this locality. BIDENS, L. Bur-Marigold. 1155. B. FRONDOSA, L. Ditches and fields. Aug — 1. (B.) Some of the upper leaves trilobed. 1156. B. coN^fATA, Muhl. Margins of rivers and ponds. Aug — 1. (B.) Leaves connate. None divided. 1157. B. CEKNUA, L. Smaller Bur Marigold. Margins of ponds and streams. A low plant creeping over mud and rooting at the joints. Aug — 1. (B.) 1158. B. CHRYSAN'THEMOIDES, Mx. (Greater Bur ^'arigold.) Alluvial flats. At the foot of Parliament Hill are some tall erect plants five feet high, with flowers and leaves like B. cernua, which I refer here. 1159. B. Beckii, Torr. (Water Bidens.) In shallow water. Not uncommon in the Ottawa and Rideau rivers, but seldom flowering. July — 4. (B.) J if>A*^iuMl^t.tJt^,'-ii.».t ^1 45 HELENIUM, L. Sneeze weed. 11G8. H. AUTUMNALE, L. Islands and river margins. Ciiaiidiero Ihlands. (II. M. Ami.) The Chats. fMrs. Chamherlin.) ACHILLEA. L. Yarrow. 1173. A. Millefolium, Ji. (Milfoil.) Meadows and fields. Ju--4. (B ) A variety with \)'n\V. flowers is sometimes found. MARUTA. Wl'i. M.Cotala,!)^. (May-weed.) Introduced. Waste i)laces. Ju — 2. (B.) CHRYSANTHEMUM, L. 11 SO. C. Leucanthemum, L. Ox-Eye Daisy. Introduced. IMeadows and cultivated ground. A troublesome weed. J 11 — 2. TANACETUM, L. 1189. T. vulyare, L. Common Tansy, Roadsides, an escape from cultivation. Both the type and the var. cr'ispiim, DC. occur here. ARTEMISIA, L. Worm-wood. 1203. A. VULGARIS, L. (Mug-wort.) Rocky banks and sandy fields. Aug — I. 1200. A. BIENNIS, Willd. Not indigenous in this locality. Low ground. July — 2. 1211. A. Absinthium, L. (Wormwood.) Introduced. V/aste jilaces. July — 2. PETA SITES, Tourn. Sweet-Coltsfoot. 1214. P. PALMATA, Gray. Kardosmid paliiuda, Hook. Low wood. Towell's Grove, Very riire. May — 1. ERECHTITES, R.if. Fire weed. 1227. E. iiiERACiFOLiA, Raf. Moist ]»laces, particularly in recently burnt clearings. Ju— 2. SENECK), L. Groundsel. 1228. S. vu/yarin, L. Common Groundsel. Introduced. A rare weed in gardens. July — 2. •f 1 , ! -1 (B.) July (B.) Toin[)lcton. Buck- (B-) 40 1237. S. Aciua-s, I.. Rocky woods and banks. Ju— 2 xVllCTIUM. Buidock. 1251. A. Lappa, J.. Coiumou JJunlock. Lappa otficinalis AH. var. major, Grav'.s Manual. Introduced. Waysides. Julv— 4 (\\\ CNICUS, Vaill. Thistle. ' ^ ^^ 12.")-j-. C. hiHceolatus, Hofl'in. (Scotch Thistle.) ('irsiam hinccohitnm, .Scop. 1 ^t^,;^'^"';^''^''''- lioadsiiles, pastures and woods. 12.)!). (J. MUTicus, Pursh. t'lrs'nuii mnticam, Mx. Swamps. Ange Gardien. (U. M. And ) ingham. (,/./'.) Julv— 4. 12G2. 6'. aroeiisis, P„rsli. >' Canada Thistle.") tirsiam ari'(;uHe, Scop. Naturalized throughout the counti'v. Ju— 3 OXOPOHDON, Vaiiir (Scotch Thistie.) 12()0. 0. acanthium, L. Introduced. Roadsides. .Alontreal Road. (It. B. W/ujte 1 Julv v--n,.> iA uith.A, L. Star Thistle. \'2^). C C!,anus,L. (Bluebottle. Corn-flower) CICHORmu'T ^" ''''«' «^^^^^«',r'^"'".?^ Bridge. July-1. l^lcaiJKlUM, Tourn. Succory, Eadive 1271. C. Intuhas, L. (Chicory.) L \ AIPsTnT^ Abundajxt in ditches and by waysides. Ju-:}. ;i ' ^*^"i"»- Nipple-wort. 127G. L. communis. L. A weed in gardens and by way-si les HIERACIUM, L. Hawkweed. 1288. H. Caxadensk, Mx. River banks and in thickets. Aw-' —1 1289. H. SCABKU.M, Mx. °' Sandy fields and woods. Aucf 1 TARAXACUM, Hall. Dandelio'n. 1308. T. officinale, Weber. Taraxacum Dens-leonis, Desf. T K r'^iT^^^^^l^ naturalized throughout Canada. LACIUCA, L. Lettuce. 1309. L. Canadensis, L. Damp woods. A tall, wand-like plant. Stem thick, hollow and very leafy, smooth. Flowers generally pale yellow in a Ion. narrow naked panicle. Auc..— 1. (B ) '^ ^""o. 1310. L. INTEGRIFOLIA, Bigel. ° Z. Canadensis var. integrifolia, T. »t G ^'Ei'r" A™-l3^'''''' '"'°'"'' undivided, and generally entire. (//. D. Snidl.) May— 2. (B.) i^r '••WC^rBiiiiaiTl 4: It set'iiis to 1110 tliiit iioitlifi- this nor the next iticsont siiirioieut cliaractors to warrant tlicii' Itfins,' soparatinl tVoni />. Canadennii as anytliin<; nioi'c; than \ aiiutios. l;')l I. \j. musuTA, IMiihl. L. L'diuitli'iisis var. sa/wjiniica, T. it (i. lliilvvay l)anks and rocky woo.ls, not unconnnon. liOavcs all nuu'inato-pinnatitid, hirsute on thn mid-ribs beneath. Floweis pur[)liHh-yello\v. Aug — 2. l."U4. Ji. LKLCOl'H.KA, (Jrav. MidijciUnm lencoplucnin, D. C. JjOW, rich woods. A tall plant nnich liUo L. Cdiuulrnsla, but svith brownish pappus. Aug. — i. 1315. L. sdtiva, L. ((harden jjettuce.) (Occasionally found on waste heaps; but never permanently established. PKENANTHES, I.. Pvattle.snake-root. 1310. P. AiJiA. L. (White Lettuce.) X(ili(du>i ((/'jiis, Jfook. Piocky woods. An interesting [)lant with glaucous foliage and purplish red stems, peduncles, and involucres. Flowers white and i>appus deep bi'own. Aug. — 2. (B.) 1318. P. ALTISSIMA, L. X(ib(dns ci/finsiiims, Hook. Woods. A tall, slender plant with yellow ilowers and dusky pappus. Aug. — 2. (B.) SONCHUS, L. (Sow Thistle.) 1321. iS". olenwL'us, li. (Common Sow-thislle.) Cultivated ground and waste i)laces. Annual. Aug. — 1. Leaves clasping by a heait-sliaped base, the auricles acute. 1322. 6'. o.s:^W)-,'Vill. (Prickly Sow-thistle.) With the last, but commoner. Leaves more prickly, the auricles of the base rounded. 1323. aV. ori'e??.«/.'?, L. (Perrennial Sow-thistle.^ At the base of Parliament Hill is a large and rapidly increasing patch of this plant, which is now becoming a troublesome weed in Canada. It has also been noticed at Chelsea and at Billings Bridge at the edges of fields. Aug. — 1. TRAGOPOGON, L. Goat's-beard. i:.26. T. pmtensis, Ij. (Yellow Goat's-beard.) Along the railway near the St. Louis Dam. A few plants have been found at the above locality for the last 12 years. Flowers, large, vellow. 1327. T.pornfolius,L. (Salsify.) An escape from cultivation. In a hay-field at Billings Bridge and occasional on waste heaps. Flowers purple. ^1 48 LOBELIACE^. J.OBELIA, I-. 13."32. li. ('AiU)iXAMS, li. (('iii(Hi)al Flower.) Jiivt'i'-sidt'S and aloni^ streams common. July — I. (1>.) This is iiii(loul>to(lly ono of o\ir finest (-aiiadirtii wild llowei's, and lias lieeu cultivated in Europo for many years. I'.VM. L. IXFI.ATA, L. (Indian Tobacco.) Study lields. July— I. (15.) OAMPANULAOEiE -Bell- wort Family. CAMPANULA. I')ll3. C. rapn)icn/u!'/es, L. Waste ground, introduced. Kor many years tliero was a large ]iatcli of tliis persistent plant on the vacant lot wlieco the rooms of the Ottawa Eiteraiy and Scientitic Society now stand. ioU. C. i;oTL'Xi)ii"oi,iA, L. (Ilare-bell.) Crevices of rocks. Not uncommon. June — "i. (IJ.) [."^IS. C. Ai-AUINOIDES, Pursli. (llougli i5cll-flo\ver.) -Maislies and along streams. Common. A slender plant, tlie weak stems rough with shoi't spines on the angles. Klowei's nearly vviiite. July — 2. (l>.) VACOINI ACE JE. -Blueberry Family. GAYLUSSACIA, HBK. Uuckleberrv. l.SoO. G. IIESINOSA, T. ct G. Sandy fields and swamps. Race-course swam[). Ayhner. East Templeton. June — I. Whole plant covered with resinous globules. Fruit black. YACCINIUM, L. Blue-berry. 13") 2. V. PKXNSYLVAXtC'L'M, Lam. (Early Blueberry.) Borders of swamps and hill-sides. Chelsea Mountains. Ayluier. Kace cour.se on Bank street road. May — 2. A smooth dwarf shrub with oblong, serrate, leaves, which are smooth on both sides. Flowers cylindrical boll-shaped, white tinged with red. Gur earliest blueberry ripe by the middle of July. 1353. V. Can'adense, Kalm. Swamps, sandy fields and hill-sides, with the last, not uncommon. May — 2. A dwarf shrub, the whole plant downy. Flowers small, green tinged with red. 13.55. V. CORYMBOSUM, L. (Swamp Blue-berry.) Swaraps and mossy rocks. May — 2. Under this name are grouped several very different varieties. Var. ATROCOCCUM is a high bush found in swamps with leaves entire and downy underneath, as also are the branchlets. Flowers white ; berries black without bloom. 40 \ iir. I'A 1,1,1 Di'.M, (Jitiy, is 11 low hIicuI) fouiitl growing in pcovicos of rocks along tho Gatinoiiu river unci at Ayltuor. Tlio whoh; pltuit gliuicoiiH, loaves smooth and sorrulatc. 1358. V. c.Ksi'iTosuM M.\. (Dwarf liillberry.) AIoHsy rocks. Kirk's Ferry. June. — 1. A dwarf sliriil) 2 or 3 iiichos in height with thin loavos and hlne loiricH. OXVCOCOU.S, IVis. Cranberry. 13G5. O. vui.cJAUis, Piirsli. (Small Cranberry). Vitcciuinvi 0.n/co<;cuM, \j. Peat-bogs. Common. .Fune '2. Kasily distinguished from tho next by its small revoluto leaves and terminal fascicle of llowers. 1360. O. MACROCAUi'us. Piirsh. (Largo American Cranberry). Vdcchiinxi macrocurpnu, Ait. Peat bogs, common. June— 1. Larger than the last in all its parts. Flowers lateral. i'lnOGENES, Salisb. Creeping Snowberry. i:!(i7. C. iiisii'iDULA, T. & G. (Capillaire). Creeping over decayed logs or hummock.v in cedar swamps. >[ay —2. (II). A beautiful little creeper with large, white, waxv aromatic berries. AIJCTUSTAPHYLOS. 1370. A. UvA-rnsr, Spreng. (Bearbervy. Kinnikinnick). Pocky or sandy soil. May 2. GAULTHERIA, L. Aromatic VVintergreeu. 1374, G., PROcuMUENs. (Tea-berry). 8andy fields and woods, July— -1. A lovely little plant with beau- tiful white pendent flowers, beneath a rosette of shining leaves. The bright cherry-red berries (formed of the calyx), remain on the stems all the winter. CASSANDRA, Don. Leather leaf. 1376.C . CALYCULATA, DoP. Peatbogs. Common. May—]. The beautiful but rather inconspicuous white flowers are produced in great profusion beneath the many slender branches, from buds formed the previous summer. EPIG^A. Mayflower. 1382. E. REPEXS, L. (Trailing Arbutus. Mayflower.) Rocky islands and banks, sandy borders of swamps. Gilmour's Grove, Chelsea. Aylmer. May — 1. A most lovely flower with exquisite scent. This is the true May- flovyer ; altogetlier that name is applied to a great many other spring flowers in different localities. ANDROMEDA, L. 1383. A. POLIFOLIA, L. Peat-bogs.^ Mer RIeue. Hull. Chelsea. May — 3. Leaves thick and white beneath with strongly revolute margins. • mm *• ». 50 KALMIA. 1393. K. ANOUSTIFOMA, L. (Lambkill, Slieep Lnurol.) Tean-bogs. July—l. (B.) A showy .slirub boiiniig ii profusion of lateral corymbs of pinkisli- crluisoii flowers. 1391. K. OLAiJCA, Ait, (Palo Laurel.) Peat-bogs. June— 2. (B.) Leaves almost sessile, branchlets two-edged, few-flowered corymbs terminal. Flowers paler and larger than in the last species. LEDUM. 139G. L. LATIFOMUM, Ait. (Labrador Tea.) Peat-bogs. Common. May — 4. A charming shrub with terminal umbel-liko clusters of white flowers. Leaves witli a rusty woolly pubescence beneath ijlandu- lar and aromatic. PYROLA, L. Wintergreen. 1410. P. SECUNDA, L. (Green-flowered Pyrola.) Swamps and rich wood.s. A pretty plant with the pale green flowers all turned to one side of the stem. July—l. (B) 1411. P. CHLORANTiiA, Schwartz. (Yellow-flowered Pyrola.) Dry open woods. Kather uncommon. Rockelifib. Stewart's Bush. Aylmer. Chelsea. Leaves thick, dull green with pale veins. Flowers large and greenish yellow. July — 1. 1412. P. ELLiPTiCA, Nutt. (Shin-leaf.) Rich woods. A lovely flower with large thin leaves and white flowers like lilies of the valley. June— 2. 1413. P. ROTUNDiFOLiA, L. (Rouml-leaved Wintergreen.) Sandy woods. This is a very variable species. What I take for the type has white flowers like P. elliptica, but thick roundish leaves and a more robust habit. Beechwood {Dr. II. B. Small). Billings Bridge. Hull. Aylmer. Chelsea. Rather uncommon. July—l. (B) var. INCARNATA, D.C. Peat-bogs. Common. Leaves thinner and smaller. Flowers pink. June — 2. wm mmmum 51 var. ASARIFOLIA, Hook. Damp woods. Rare. Aylmer. Leaves round-reniform or oblate. Calyx-lobes almost triangular, flowers white or tinged with pink. July— 1 . MONESES, Salisb. One-flowered Pyrola. 1416. M. UNIFLORA, Gray. Pyrola unijlora, L. Peat boga and low woods. One of our most charming flowers. The leaves are small and close to the ground ; from their centre is thrown up one large white pendent flower of great beauty and delicious scent. Dow's Swamp. Kingsmere. Mer Bleu. Cassel- man. July — 1. (B) CHIMAPHILA, Pursh. Pipsissewa. 1417. C. UMBELLATA, Nutt. (Prince's Pine.) Dry coniferous woods. Uncommon. This is another plant of great beauty. The evergreen leaves are thick and shining and borne in a whorl, or are slightly scattered along the short stems. Flowers borne in a corymb above the leaves. Petals pink, anthers violet, stigma green. PTEROSPORA, Nutt. Pine-drops. 1418. P. Andromedea, Nutt. Pine woods. This is a very local plant. Along the bank of the Gatineau between Ironsides and Chelsea, upon a heavy clay bank, beneath pines, it is very abundant. With the exception of a single plant found at Rockcliffe by Mr. A. J. Forward, this is the only locality so far discovered in this district. It is a curious plant, consisting of a stout, pinkish-white, erect, clammy- pubescent, fleshy stem about two feet in height, bearing at the base lanceolate scales instead of leaves, and above nodding white flowers like those of Andromeda, in a long bracted raceme. Root, a mass of fleshy fibres. It is supposed to be a parasite on the roots of pines. 52 MONOTROPE^.— Pipe-wort Family. MONOTROPA, L. Pine-sap. 1422. M. UNiFLORA, L. (Indian Pipe.) Dry woods. Common. June — 4. A parasite upon roots of trees. The beautiful white single-flowered alabastar-like stems are thrown up in a cluster from a ball of matted fibrous roots. Flowers nodding, becoming erect as the fruit ripens. PRIMULAOE^.— Primrose Family, TRIENTALIS, L. Chickweed Wintergreen. 1441. T. Americana, Pursh. (Star-flower.) Low woods. Common. May — 2. (B). A delicate beautiful plant. STEIRONEMA, Raf. Loosestrife. 1443. S. ciLiATUM, Raf. Lysimachia ciliata, L. River sides and damp thickets. Common. July — 1. (B) LYSIMACHIA, L. Loosestrife. 1447. L. STRiCTA. (Racemed Loosestrife.) Rocky river-sides and damp thickets. Common. July — 1. (B) 1449. L. nummularia, L. (Moneywort.') A garden escape. Parliament hill. A pretty trailing perennial with large golden yellow flowers borne singly in the axils of the leaves. 1450. L. THTRSiFLORA, L. (Tufted Loosestrife.) Naumhurgia thyraijlora, Reich. Cold wet thickets. Common. May — 4. (B) ANAGALLIS, L. Pimpernel. 1452. A. arvensis, L. Shepherd's Weather-glass.) Introduced. Wheat fields. Uncommon. July — 1. A small pro- cumbent plant with bright scarlet flowers, which open in bright weather but quickly close before rain. var. cerulea. Benth. Introduced with canary seed. This form, which is probably intro- duced from Germany, is more frequent than the type. It is a larger and coarser plant with purplish blue flowers. Aug. — 1 . ■■■ 53 SAMOLUS, L. Water Pimpernel. 1454. S. VALERANDi, L. var. Americanus, Gray. River side. Rideau River, at the rifle range. Very rare. July— 3. A smooth branched herb four to eight inches in height, with alternate entire leaves and small white flowers in racemes. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft, with small processes (sterile fila- ments) in the sinuses. True stamens on the tube of the corolla, included. OLE AOE.a].— Olive Family. FRAXINUS, L. Ash. 1455. F. Americana, L. AVhite Ash. Rich woods. A fine and valuable tree. Frequently three or four stems from the same root. There is a common variety of this species with the fruit and young shoots purple. The seeds germinate the first spring after sowing. 1456. F. PUBESCENS, Lam. (Red Ash, Rim Ash, River Ash.) Banks of rivers and lake.s. A fine tree with branchlets and petioles velvety downy; seed germinating the first year. May — 3. (B.) This species is sometimes difficult to distinguish from the last, the distinguishing characters not always being well marked. It is generally a smaller tree, the pubescence on the petioles and on the branchlets, although it often disappears late in the season on some trees, is always present on the younty shoots. The seed is less swollen, and smaller in proportion to the wing of the samara, than in F. Americana. In growing several thousands from the seed I notice that F. Americana takes a few days longer to germinate, and leafs out a few days later in the spring. With seedlings sown in rows side by side F. jmbescens has made in two years twice the growth of F. Americana. 1460. F. SAMBUCiFOLiA, Lam. (Black Ash, Water Ash.) Swamps and low ground. May— 3. (B.) A smaller tree than 1455 and 145G. Easily distinguished by its fruit, which is winged all round the seed. The seed does not germinate until the second spring after it is sown. The tough stringy wood is largely used for making baskets and fruit boxes. .,\ 54 APOOYNAOE^.- Dogbane Family. APOCYNUM, Linn. Dogbane, Indian Hemp, Lesser Milkweed. 1462. A. ANDROS.EMIFOLIUM, Linn. (Spreading Dogbane.) Rocky woods and fields. Common. June— 2. (B.) An interest- ing perennial. The frequently forking branches bear a profusion of small sweetly-scented open bell-shaped flowers (4 lines broad), from each of which is produced a pair of slender pods from three to four inches in length. 14G3. A. CANNABiNUJi, L. (Indian Hemp.) Sandy fields and on islands, in lower ground than the last. June— 2. (B.) A more erect plant, with smaller white flowers borne in close many-flowered cymes. ASOLEPIADACE^.— Milkweed Family. ASCLEPIAS, L. Milkweed, Silkweed. 1465. A, INX'ARNATA, L. (Swamp Milkweed.) Borders of rivers and lakes. Common. July— 1. (B.) A tall handsome plant with rose-purple flowers scented like vanilla, and smooth pods. The fibre in the stem of this plant is very tough and it should make a good fibre plant. 1467. A. CoRNUTi, Decaisne. (Milkweed.) Fields and borders of thickets. Common. July— 2. (B.) A hand- some and sturdy wayside weed. GENTIANAOE^.-Gentian Family. GENTIANA, L. Gentian. 1497. G. Andukwsii, Griseb. (Closed Gentian.) River sides and moist ground. Common. Aug. 2. (B) A very handsome species with deep green glossy foliage, and large bluish-purple flowers, over an inch in length, borne in a terminal cluster and in the axils of the upper leaves. MENYANTHES, L. Buckbean. 1506. M. TKIFOLIATA, L. Bogs. Not uncommon. May— 3. (B) 55 POLEMONIAOE-ffl.— Polemonium Family. PHLOX, L. 1510. P. DiVARiCATA, L. (Blue Phlox.) Damp woods. Casselman. Rare. Ju, — 2. A delicate plant well worthy of cultivation. HYDROPHYLLAOE^.— Waterleaf Family. HYDEOPHYLLUM, L. Water Leaf. 1636. H. ViRGiNicuM, L. Damp woods. Casselman. Ju — 2. A coarse weedy plant. BORRAGINAOE^. Borage Family. OYNOGLOSSUM, L. Houndstongue. 1549. C officinale, L. (Common Houndstongue Burr.) Introduced from Europe. Common. Ju — 1,(B). A troublesome weed. 1550. C. ViRGiNicuM, L. (Blue Comfrey.) "Woods. Rather rare. King's Mountain. Green's Creek (/. F.) Britannia {R. B. Whyte). Ju — 1. A showy plant with deli- cate blue flowers. ECHINOSPERMUM. Swartz. Stickseed. 1555. E. ViRGiNicuM, Lehm. (Beggar's Lice.) Cynogloasum Morisoni. Rich open woods. Common. July — 2. 1556. E.Lappula, Lehm. (Small Sheep Burr.) Introduced from Europe. A troublesome weed. Ju — 2. (B). MYOSOTIS, L. Forget-me-not. 1576. M. laxa, Lehm. River side. Billings Bridge. New Edinburgh. Gatineau Point. July — 1. A slender plant with small flowers. LITHOSPERMUM, L. Gromwell. 1581. L. arvense, L. (Corn Gromwell.) Introduced. Occasional with grain, but not persistent. Ju — 2. A jl I' 66 1582. L. officinale, L. (Common Gromwell.) Introduced and very abundant in rocky pastures. Ju — 2. (B). 1585. L. HIRTUM, Lehm. (Hairy Puccoon.) River side in sand. On the banks of the Ottawa above Aylmer. Rare. (Mrs. Chamberlin) June — 3. Flowers bright orange, woolly inside. SYMPHYTUM, L. Comfrey. 1590. S. officinale, L. (Common Comfrey.) Introduced. Rideau rifle range. Buckingham. Aylmer. July — 2. LYCOPSIS, L. Bugloss. 1591. Z. Arvensis, L. (Small Bugloss.) Introduced. Rare in sandy fields. Theodore street and at Billing* Bridge. June — 2. ECHIUM, L. Viper's Bugloss. 1592. E. vulgare, L. (Blue weed.) Introduced. Gradually becoming a troublesome weed. Ju — 2. OONVOLVULAOEiE. Bindweed Family. IPOM^A, L. Morning Glory. 1594. I. purpurea, L. (Common Morning Glory.) A garden escape, frequently found in waste jilaces. CONVOLVULUS,!.. Bindweed. 1597. C. SPITHAILEUS, L. (Low Bindweed.) Calystegia spithamcea, Pursh. Clay banks, sandy shores, and rocky islands. Rare. Bank of the Ottawa below Rockcliffe. Kettle Island, and formerly on the rocky island opposite the end of Bank street. A very attractive plant with short stems and large pure white flowers. July 1. 1698. G. sepiuni, L. (Bracted Convolvulus. Hedge Bindweed.) Calystegia sepiu7n, R. Br. Introduced. Chelsea Road, one locality. July — 1. This is evi- dently the European form, which has in some way got intro- duced. It climbs up over high bushes fifteen or twenty feet from the ground and has snow-white flowers. 57 var. Americanus, Sims. Eiver sides, trailing over sand or low plants. Distinguished from the type by the short stems, obtuse bracts and pink flowers- July— 1. (B) 1699. C. arvensis. (Small Bindweed.) Introduced. Cummings Bridge. Billings Bridge. Parliament Hill. The original i)lants here are very persistent, but it does not seem to spread much by seed. July — 1. CUSCUTA, L. Dodder. 1603. C. Gronovii, VVilld. Low open woods and river sides. Trailing over low plants, par- ticularly EupMorium ageratoides. Not uncommon. July 2. A curious and interesting parasite, having bright orange stems, and, for the genus, large white flowers borne in close clusters at intervals along the stems. The only species of the genus so far detected in this district. SOLANAOE-ffl, L.— Nightshade Family. SOLANUM, L. 1608. S. nigrum, L. (Common Nightshade.) Introduced. Common in low ground. July 1. (B) 1609. S. Dulcamara, L. (Bittersweet.) Introduced. Hare in low woods. Billings Bridge and near the Eideau rifle range. June — 2. 1610. *S'. rostratum, Dunal. Introduced. This is a curious case of persistence. S. rostratum is a Colorado plant, and interesting as being in all probability the original food plant of the Colorado potato beetle. It can generally be found every year in some part of the city in waste places, but nowhere in abundance. First noticed by Mr. J. A. Guignard in 1876. LYCOPERSICUM, Mill. Tomato. 1612. L. esculentum. Mill. Introduced. The tomato in some of its many cultivated forms is always to be found growing on waste heaps and by waysides. A •^■ ^j i ijii iii . tmn.l ii lii i iMjSSf -f^' ^W-Ni»ir^*'«fMin**^^-" S^W ]'. 58 PHYSALIS, L. Ground Cherry. 1613. P. Peruviana, L. (Cape Gooseberry.) Introduced. Waste heaps. Occasionally found, but not persistent. July— 4. 1614. P. GRANDIFLORA, Hook. Rocky woods. Not common. Generally found after woods have been burnt over. June — 3, A showy plant with large pure white flowers spotted in the centre with greenish yellow. 1615. C. pubescens, Jj. (Downy Physalis.) Introduced. Occasionally found on waste heaps. Not persistent. July— 1. NICANDRA, Adans. Apple-of-Peru. 1618. N. physaloides^ Gsstin. Introduced. Often found on waste heaps and by roadsides in the city. A fine plant with spreading branches and pretty lavender- blue flowers, which are followed by a large dry berry enclosed in the enlarged calyx- lobes. July — 1. DATURA, L. Thorn-apple. 1620. D. Stramonium, L. (Thorn-apple.) Introduced. Waste places. A rank-smelling, poisonous and narcotic weed. Not uncommon. Flowers white, followed by large 4-valved prickly pods. July — 4. (B) 1621. D. Tatula, L. (Jamestown Weed.) Introduced. Less common than 1620. A taller plant with purple stems and much larger pale violet-purple flowers, emitting a most sickening odour when handled or bruised. July — 4. HYOSCYAMUS, L. Henbane. 1622. //. niger, L. (Black Henbane.) Introduced. July — 1. (B.) Not common, but often appearing. A coarse, clammy and strongly scented plant with yellow, purple-veined, flowers. 69 NICOTIANA, L. Tobacco. 1623. N. rustica, L. (Wild Tobacco.) Introduced. A coarse weed with gieen flowers. SOROPHULARIAOE^.— Fig-wort Family. VERBASCUM, L. Mullein. 1625. V. Thapsus, L. (Common Mullein. Flannel- leaf.) Introduced. Very common. July — 1. (B) 1627. r. Blattarta, L. (Moth Mullein.) Introduced. Rare. Near Cummings Bridge {R. B. Whyte), near the St. Louis Dam. Beechwood. There are two forms of this plant— one with yellow flowers, probably identical with the English plant, and a form with larger white flowers tinged with purple. It is probable that this last is an American variety. LIN ARIA, Juss. Toad-flax. 1629. L. vulgaris, Mill. (Butter and Eggs.) Introduced. Common. July— 1. (B) The flowers vary much in depth of colour, from almost white to orange. var. Peloria. This is a rare monstrous state with a regular 5-cleft border to the corolla, 5 spurs and 5 stamens . Plants collected in Metcalfe street produced racemes with every flower of this nature for several years. CHELONE, L. Turtle-head. 1637. C. GLABRA, L. In bogs and wet meadows. Common. July 1. (B) PENTSTEMON, Mitchell. Beard Tongue. 1647. P. PUBESCENS, Solander. Rocky banks. Rare. Hull. Little Chaudiere. Aylmer. July— 1. (B) MIMULUS, L. Monkey-flower. 1654. If. ringens, L. In ditches and low ground. July — 1, (B) \\ 60 GRATIOLA, L. Hedge Hyssop. 1660. G. VIRGINIANA, L. Low ground. July— 2. (B) A low clammy pubescent plant. Flowers small, whitish, with the tubes yellow. 1661. G. AUREA, Muhl. Alluvial flats. Rather rare. Malloch's Bay. Billings Bridge. New Edinburgh. A small slender plant growing amongst grasses, etc., with large golden-yellow flowers. [LYSANTHES, Raf. False Pimpernel. 1662. I. ORATiOLOinES, Benth. (False Pimpernel.) On mud by the sides oi rivers. July— 2. (B) Small smooth annuals, very much branched and growing over the mud. The small purplish flowers produced all the summer. VERONICA, L. Speedwell. 1667. V. Anagallis, L. (Water Speedwell.) In water, in ditches and streams. Leaves sessile. Ju. — 2. 1668. V. agrestis, Schwein. (American Brooklime.) Brooks and ditches. July — 1. Leaves thick, petioled. Pods swollen. 1669. V. scutellata, L. (Marsh Speedwell.) Swamps and marshes. June— 2. (B) Stems slender and weak. Leaves linear. Flowers in very slender zig-zag racemes. Pods flat, broader than long. 1671. V. OFFICINALIS, L. (Common Speedwell.) Sandy woods. Rather rare, Beechwood. Hull. Chelsea. Aylmer. July — 1. A pubescent prostrate plant with erect many-flowered racemes of pale, lavender flowers. Pod obovate-triangular, broadly notched. 1075. V. SERPYLLiFOLiA, L. (Thyme-leaved Speedwell.) Open grassy places. May- -3. (B) A prostrate, almost glabrous plant, the branchlets terminating in loose elongated racemes. Pod swollen broader than long. 61 1676. V. PEREORINA, L. (Neckweed. Pmsliine Speedwell.) Low ground where the water has lain in the spring. Ju. — 1. (B) An erect, branched, almost smootli, weedy looking plant with minute flowers. 1677. V. arvensis, L. (Corn Speedwell.) Rocky woods and fields. Ju. — 2. Very pubescent, generally erect. Lower leaves petioled, crenate. The form found here has quite a different aspect from the English, which is a diffusely spread- ing plant with larger flowers and greener leaves. 1678. V. agrestis, L. (Field Speedwell.) Introduced. Occasionally introduced with English grass-seed, but usually dying out after four or five years. Parliament Hill. Major's Hill Park. A pretty prostrate plant with bright blue and white flowers. GERARDIA, L. 1684. G. PURPUREA, L. var. paupercula, Gray. Marshes and on floating logs. Rideau Canal. Along the Ottawa. July — 2. A slender branched plant with linear leaves and large funnel-shaped purplish-pink flowers. PEDICULARIS, L. Lousewort. 1708. P. Canadensis, L. (Weod Betony.) Dry woodlands and sandy fields. May — 3. (B) A coarse but attractive plant with pinnately-parted leaves and dense spikes of yellow flowers tinged with rich brown. MELAMPYRUM, L. Cow-wheat. 1719. M. Americanum, Mx. Sandy and rocky woods. Lake Windeago {Dr. II. B. Small). Rockcliffe. King's Mountain. July — 1. Slender branching annuals with opposite leaves, the lower entire, the upper larger and fringed at the base. Flowers yellow, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves. "1 " " '' t m -m^ mmmmmmmmmmiillti iwiiiittHi f iiiiiiiliMiwiBIwi OROBANOHAOEiE.- Broom-rape Family. KPIPIIKOUS, Nutt. hc.'cli cliu|.s. 1728. 10. ^'ll!<;l^•IA^•A, Ijiirt. ((/iincei'-ioot.) ITiidi'i' licccli ti'i'cs iiiid parasitic upon tlicir roots. Woods near St. liOiiis Duiu. 13e(>cliwood. Ciiclsca. Oct. — 'J. (B) A curious liranoli('(l, iciifk'ss, ]iurplisl) IkmIi al)Out nine inclics in lioiu;lit. Flowers many, of two kinds, the iippci- conspicuous, with a long tuliular striped corolla, lait sti-rilc ; tlic Iowim- fertile, with a \iivy siiort corolla. LENTIBUL ARI ACE JE.— Bladder-wort Family. I'TIMCULARIA, f. I51adrs large and few, veiT I'arcly jU'oduced. 173G. U. coiiNU'rA, .M.\. Sphagnous swamps. At the g^is-spring in the Mer Blene, East- man's ^[jrings. In a small swamp at Black Lake, Kingsmere. Jidy — '2. A remaikal'le plant, consisting of a slender stem with a few large yellow iloweis at the summit, no leaves, and very few rootlets. VERBENAOE^. Verbena Family. PHPvYMA, L. Lop.seed. 174-1:. p. Lki'tosiaciiva, L. Low open woods. Not uncommon. July- -1. (B). tst^" •)•> VEIIUKNA, L. VciLcim. ITt't. V. i;iM'i( Ki'Di.iA, li. (Wliitrdoworcd Vervain). Itoiulsidcs iiiiil rocky |i;i.stiii<'s, IliMc in this looiilitv llintou- I)iir;j;li. I'ccrliwood. Jidv-l. 17 KJ. y. IIASTATA, L. (I'lll'lllc V't'lVilill). lujitd.siilcs aiiil inoiidowa. July -2. (B). LABIATE. Mint Family. TKUCI.'Il'M, L. (iciiiiandcr. 1750. T. ("anai.i-.nsk. L. Sandy ri\ci' lianks. .Muui; tin- OMawa and llidcaii llivcrs. July' -13. MKXTli.X, L. .Mint. Ki")-"). ."M. rlr!i/i.i, I.. (S|i('ai-niinL). A garden cscain'. Klowt-rs in a slmidcr d'l niinal spike. Aug. — 1. \~^y\. y\. jiipcritd, Fi (I'epjx'i mint). Jutroduwid, ))ut veiy cuinnion in low gi'oiind and along sti'eams. Flowers in an inteii iipted ternunal spike. Aug. — 1. 17r)S. \I. ( "anadknsis, li. (False I'ennyioyal.) In low ground. Tlie wliole plant eanescently hairy with a strong odoui' of Pennyroyal. July '_'. (1?.) var. (Ji.aijhata, lientli. With the last : liufc stouter ai\d in\u'h smoother with dark coloured foliage and a ditltireiil seent. .Inly 1. LYCOPUS, L Water Horehound. 1".")9. L. ViHGiNicus, li. (Uugle weed). Low wet woods. July 2 (B) Calyx-teeth \, ovate. Leaves almost sessile, toothed, entire towards the hase. Angles of the stem rounih'd. J "(11. \,. .SIXL'ATLS, I'd!, A. Enrapii nti^ L. yav. .sln/iiifiis, (iray. Low woods, Jidy— 2. Calyx-teeth .■■», tapering to a very sharp point Angles of the sti'm acute. Leaves very variable, sinuate- toothed to pinnatitid. -n- miiii(|;iiit. 'I'liC! |iin|)l«'-tlo\vci cd ^oain A IMTi'imiiil liril> witli .simi>lf liriiiiolids, linear, t'liliic I.ms (•<. .iml llii' tlowfis wliieli iUf ill rjiistt'i's foiiniiii,' I'lo'.vilcil spikes. .Iuly--1. SATUIIKIA, I.. Savory. 1707. S. /lorti'iisln, L. (Smumer Havury.) rntruduct'il. Kivqueiitly tbiiiul on waste lieaps aii'l i'oa. CALAMTNTKA, iM(lmicIi. Calainint. 1770. C. ('mxoi'oi)Ium, Coiitli. (IJasil.) lloekv woods and lields. Common. .Fiine IlKDEOMA, Peis. (Pennyroyal.) 1772. H. rur.EdioiDKs. Rich wood Billings Bridt,'e. Very iiuc. strongly seemed. July — 1. (li) .\ slendei' ereet lierh. LOPHANTHUS, F.entli. (iiant llys.sop. 1779 L. N'Ei'KTOiuKS, Benth. River hunk at Casselmau. Aug. -2. A tall, smootli perennial, with a shai'itly langled stem bearing petioled coarsely cienate- tootheil leaves and long le)'minal s[>ikes of greenish yellow tloweiH. NKPETA, L. Cat-mint. 1782. X. Cnlurla, L. (Catnip.) Introduced, hut common everywhere. July — J. (ii) 1783. iV. Glechoma, Benth. (Ground Ivy.) A garden escape. Occasionally found hy waysides. Stesvarton. Hintonbmgh. .\ylmer. Aug. — 1. DIIACOCEPHALUM, L. Dragon-head. 1784. D. I'AUVIFLORUM, Nutt. Rocky woods ; particularly after tires liave run through them. June — 1. ....^if^^' "»A _. SOUTELLARIA, L Skull-cai). 1785. S. LATKiUFLOiiA, L. (^racl-doo; Skull-cap.) Low grouiul. .July — I. (B.) Flowers small in axillary anil tcr- Miiual oue-siclocl racemes. 1787. S. PARVur.A, INIx. Dry Ijanks and in sand. Jnr.e — 2. Not so common as o>n' i^tht-r two species. A low, branching, j)iibescent plant, s|)U'aiUng l)y ineans of stolons wliich bear several elongated and connected tuln'r- like swellings. 1789. S. (iALKKlCIJLATA, L. (COM.MOX SkULL-CAP.) On floating logs and banks of streams. Jnly— I. (H.) A tall, graceful |)lant with showy flowers. BRUNELLA, Touni. Selfdieal. 1790. B. vcLt^AUis, L. (('ommon Heal-all.) Prvnclla '•n/t^^drin, L. Introduced (I) Damp woods ami fields. June -L'. (I>) LEONLTRUS, L. 1791:. L. Cdrd'iacu, L. (Common Motherwort.) Pastures and clearings. July — 1. (B) LAMIUM. 1795. L. ainplexicaale, L. (Hen-bit Dead-nettle.) Introduced. Rare and not persistent. Billings Bridge. StewartuTi. Bell's Corners. July — 3. GALEOPSiS, L. Hemi)-nettle. 1798. G. Telmhit, L. (Common Henip-nettle.) Introduced. Common in waste places and cultivated fields. July — 3. (B) ICasily known by the bristly stems which aie .^swolleii beneath the joints. Flowers often yellowish or white. tcf- H'V- .*»» ^/ STACK Vf<, L. Woundwort. 1800. H. l'ALUSTKI.s, L. Wet yroiiud along .streams. 'July — 1. (15.) A \ aiialjlc |ilaiit in which 1801 sliould i)i<)l)al)ly he included as a variety. Phmts which answer to var. corilttta, Cii'ay, and var. (jlnbrabi, tlray, are t'onnd both at Billings lUidge and Kettle Island. ISOl. S. ASPKH.V, iM.\. H. palu^lris, L.,var. (i.^pcra, (\\-Ay. With the last. A .slenderer plant with narrower leaves, the angles of the s'em heset with stifl' reilexed l)ristlts. :ali, PL ANT AGIN AGE JE.— Plantain Family. PI.ANTAGO, !.. riantain. ISlJl. /'. tudjur, ii. (Common Plantain.) Introduced. Jtdy — 1. (B.) The var. hracliHtln, Maeoun. is an accidental form which is sometimes fonnd in low ground, Init wiiich is not permanent tmder cultivation. ISO."). P. i!U(;i;i,r.ii, Decaisne. (Pale Plantain.) l.iiw ground. Common. June— 4. Kasily distingui.shable from /•". iDdjor In' its slenderer s|>iUes, and much more erect pale yel- lowish-green leaves. Petioles ]MU[ilis]i at the l>ase. on. IS 10. I', /(inceu/afd., L. (Rib-wort Plantain.; Iutrod\iceil with .secul of lawn gras.ses. Not very per-sistent. August — ■_'. Ills. aie e. ISU. F. nmilld, !,. (Scented Plantain.) ^Sparingly introduced ; but thoroughly naturalised and very jiersis- teiit on Pavlianietit Hill and Major's Hill. Leaves ovate, canes- cently downy, flat on tlie ground, petioles very shoit. Flowers silvery and showy with pale pur[>le tilaments. Sweetly .scente(l. 126 APETALOUS EXOGENS. AMARANTAOEuE— Amaranth Family. AMARANTU8, L. Anuiianth. 182"). A. retrojlexus, L. (Pig weed. Red )-oot.) Introduced but thoroughly naturalised in all well-manured soils throughout Ontario. July — 2. (B) 182G. A. cdbns, L. Naturalised. July — 2. A low s])reading plant with whitish stems and the gieenish flowers crowded in the axils of the long- potioled obovate leaves. ACNIDA, L. Water-hemp. 1828. A. RUSCOCARPA, Gray. Montelia famariscina, Gray. In low marshy ground along rivers. Brigham's Creek, Hull. Casselniflii. Aug. — 1. A dicecious annual phmt with iinich the appearance of an Amarantus. 1829. A. TUBERCULATA, MoiJ. M. tamarlscina, var. concatenatu, Giay. ^1. cannahina, L. 8andy river hanks and flooded fields. Britannia. Hull. Gatineau Point. Aug. — 2. Flowers of the lower clusters, in the fertile plant, forming thick distant heads in the axils of the leaves. OHENOPODIAOE^. -Goosefoot Family. CH KNOPODIUM. Goosefoot. \^?>\. C. album, L. (Laml/s quarteis. Pigweed.) Introduced. Abundant everywhere. June— 2. (B.) A most variable plant in all its stages. In early spring the young loa\ es of some plants, particularly beneath, are a rich pinkish purple. When growing in poor sandy soil, the whole plant is silvery f "1 ■? J5 te? 4^ > wliitc. Late in tlie soason, most of tlie plants are greener with very little iiiealiness and fewer flowers. The leaves are no less variable in shape than they are in colour. Until all these forms have Vjeen grown se]).^rately tliroiigliout tlie season, they must all be classed under the type ('. album, L. I"^.''-"). C Jiijhv'ulnm, L. (Ma])le-leiived (loosefoot.) TiiUoduced. Cultivated ground. .July— 'J. (15.) Plants tall and widely branching. f.eiives thin and S. ('. BoimsheuricnK, L. (Oood Kiug-Heni'y. Perennial (loose- foot.) Inti'oduced. Hare. Aylmei-, Mer BletU'. July — L 1>>;VJ. C. (aimtatcm, Benth k, Hook. (Strawberry Blite.) JilUaiu capitation, Jj. Damp woods and clearings, particularly after fires. June — 2. (B.) T5r^o\v tiround. Unconmion. Itivei' side lielow Parliament Hill. Gatineau Point. New Kdiidiui'gh. Auir. — 2. I.(>aves thick, the lower ones tiianyular-hallienl-shaped. KOCHTA. A'. scojHtriK, \j. Introduced. '!\vo patches of this annual plant have heen ndiccd for some years ; one liy the loadside near the old Crown Tinil-er Ofhce, the other l)y the roadside at Billings Bridge. It is a curious, elect, l)rancliing plant with somewhat the appeai-au'v of a Sh(i;I(,. l.eaves liince(date, thin and ])ul)cscv-nt. Flowers fearing a tuft of white down at the base. PHYTOL ACCACEiE. - Poke-weed Family. PHYTOBACCA, L. Poke-weed. ISGO. r. >/rf'(,„lr(i, L. (•' Pigeon Berry." Garget.) Intioduceil, here. Waste idac(\s, Stevvarton. Aug.- -2. A tall, handsome perennial with d. ep green foliage and pui'plisli uh] stems. The flow( rs small and white, in slender racemes, followe.l l>v dark purple, ss have lioth native and introduced filrms of this plant. Dr. (J ray mjtices in his Ahmual that the American b)rm has •■stamens, chiefly ;") in the American, 8 in the European plant." 70 1878. P. LAPATHIFOLIUM, L. (Dock leaved Pei'sicavia.) P. nodosum, Pers. Macoun, Cat. Ill, 409. Low eround. Aug. — 1. Sheatlis and bracts not cilia te. Spikes short, erect or nearly so. Peduncles with scattered sessile glands. 1879. var. iN'CARNATUM, Watson. P. incarnatum, Ell. Macoun, Cat. Ill, 409. Low, rich ground. Not uncommon. Aug. — 1. A tail, coarse plant sometimes four feet high, with long leaves and nodding, slender, si)ikes of pale pink flowers. 1880. P. Pexnsylvanioum, L. Low, rich ground. Common. Aug. — 1. (B) A tall handsome species with conspicuous flowers. Easily recognisable by the stalked glands on the peduncles. 1882. P. AMPiiiiJiUM, L. (Water Persicaria.) In shallow water. Common. Aug.— 1. (B) Flower spike erect, terminal, borne above the water from the centre of two or three floating leaves. 1884. P. Hartwiightii, Gr. P. aniphlbium, L. var terrestrc, Auct. In ditches and at the sides of streams and i)onds. Not uncommon. Auc. — 1. This si)ecies has been, until lately, confounded with /'. amphihium and /'. Muhlenhenj'd, Watson. It differs from the former in its habit of growth and the nature of the inflores cence. In this species and P. MuJilnnbenjii the flowers are borne in a slender elongated spike. P. I/urtwrirjhta has foliaceous and ciliate sheaths. These characters are lacking in P. Muhlen- henpi, which, however, is rough, with appressed hairs ail over. 1885. P. Persicaria, L. (Lady's Thumb.) In cultivated and waste ground Common. Jnly — 2. (B) Leaves usually blotched, sheaths fringed, peduncles without glands, spikes short and thick. 188G. P. Hi/Jropiiier, L. (Common Sinartweed.) Low ground. Annual. Aug. — 2. (15) Whole i)lant smooth. Flowers greenish, tijjped with pink, spikes nodding. 1887. P. ACUK, H B K. (Water Sinartweed.) Rare. Billinirs Bridge. Aug. — 1. Perennial. Low ground. 71 Spike slender, erect, terminal. Flowers whitish. Sheaths cov- ered with rusty hairs. The sepals of this and the last species are dotted with conspicuous glands. 1888. P. HYDROPiPEUOiPES, Mx. (Mild Water-Pepper.) In water and wet places along streams. Billings Bridge. Oassel- man. Hull. Aug.— 1, Perennial. Stem smooth, weak, branching. Slieaths ht\iry. Flowers white iu erect .spikes. Sepals not dotted. 1890. P. orientah, L. (Prince's Feather.) A garden escape. A tall, handsome annual with dou.se cylindrical spikes of lai-ge rose-coloured flowers. Billings Bridge!. Aug. —2. 1895. P. AUIFOLIUM, L. (Halberd-leaved Tear-thumb.) Swamps. Luke Flora Mer Bleue. July— 2. (B) Leaves large, long-petioled. Peduncles glandular, bristly. 1896. P. SAGiTTATUM, L. (Arrow-leftved Tear-thumb.) Low ground and along streams. Much commoner than the last. July — 2. (B) Leaves shortpetioled. Peduncles smooth. Both of these last-named plants are annuals, with weak stems, beset on the angles with sharp, reflexed prickles, by means of which they support themselves amongst the low herbage where they grow. 1897. P. Convolvulus, L. (Black Bind-weed. Wild Buckwheat.) An introduced and troublesome weed throughout the Dominion. June — 4. Seeds black, dull. 1898. P. CILINODE, Mx. (Hairy-jointed Bind-weed.) Sandy and clayey banks. Not uncommon. Aug.— 1. (B) A rather attactive plant, with deeply-veined leaves. Stems red, climbing. Flowers white, in panicled racemes. Seeds smooth and shining. 1899. P. DUMETORUM, L. var. scandens, Gray. (Climbing False Buckwheat.) Climbing over bushes. Township of March (A. H. Moore). Chats Rapids. Rare. Aug. — 1. Seed smooth and shining. FAGOPYRUM, Tourn. Buckwheat. 1900. F. Tartaricum, L. (Rough Buckwheat.) An accidental introduction. Billings Bridge. Stewarton. July 72 — 3. This plant differs from F. esculentum in having smaller greenish flowers and a wrinkled seed. 1901. /'. esculentum, Mojnch. ^Common Buckwheat.) Introduced. Common. Aug. — 1. RUMEX, L. Dock. 1904. li. OCCIDENTALIS, VViltSOH. Swamps. St. Louis Dam. Lake Flora. Hull. July— 1. A tall species. Valves of the seed rounded, heart-shaped, witliout exterior grain like tubercles. 190G. 11. BiUTAXMCA, L. (Great Water-Dock.) R. orhiculatus, Ciray, Swamps and beside streams. iNIalloch's Bay. Hull. Mer Bleue- Aug. — 2. Tall and stout, with a contracted panicle. Seed- valves round-ovate, all grain-beariuf. 1907. R. SALiciFOLius, Weinmaun. (White Dock.) Introduced here from the west. Waste lot on Albert street. Several ])lants. July — 2. This dwarf species is easily recog- nised by its pale, almost glaucous, narrow leaves and copious yellowish fruit. Seed-valves deltoid-ovate, with one, two, or sometimes all three, bearing a large grain. 1908. R. VERTiciLLATUS, L. (Swanip Dock.) River sides and ditches, leather uncommon. Billings Bridge. Skead's Mill. Hull. Templeton. June.— 3. (B) The lower whorls of flowers distant. Fruit-bearing pedicels elongated, three to four times longer than tlie calyx, abruptly reflexed. Seed valves each beaiincf a large srain. 1909. R. crispvs, L. (Curled Dock.) Introduced. Common by roadsides and in cultivated ground. June— 3. (B) Easily recognised by the waved margin of the leaves. Seed-valves lound-heart-shaped, mostly grain-bearing. Much used as a j^ot herb. 1910. R. obtusifoUus, L. (Bitter Dock. Dairymaids' Dock.) Introduced. Much larer than the last. Rifle Range. Billings Bridge. Gatineau Point. July — 2. Seed-valves ovate-halberd- shaped, with three to five large lateral teeth towards the base. This is the best dock for removing the pain of nettle stings. 78 1912. R. MARITIMU8, L. (Golden Dock.) ' River bank. Rare. Green's Creek fA. II. Moore). New Edin- burgh f^ 7/. il/. ^l?;ti/ HuU (Fro/. 31 acoun J. Aug. — 2. Alow l)lant, with crowded, leafy, compact spikes of yellow fruit. Seed-valves spear-shaped, with two long teeth on each side and a large grain on the back. 1913. /('. Acetosa, L. (Common Sorrel.) Occasionally introduced witli grass .seed ; but not persistent. Bil- lings Bridge. Hintonburgh. July — 2. Dioecious. Seed- valves grain-bearing, enlarging as the fruit rii)ens. 1915. R. Acktosi:lla, L. (Sheep Sorrel.) Abundant in sandy soil and exhausted fields. July — 1. Dioecious. Seed-valves ovate, scarcely enlarging in fruit, not grain bearing. ARISTOLOOHIAOE^. ASARUiM, L. Asarabacca. 1916. A. CvNADENSE, L. (Wild Ginger.) Rich woods. Common. May — 4. (B) A charming plant, with its rich ])urplish brown, three-cleft flower, borne low on the ground beneath the leaves, in the axil of the two delicate green, pubescent, kidney-sliaped leaves. The fleshy root is aromatic, when broken smell ino; like ginger. PIPERAOE^.— Pepper Family. SAFRL'RUS, L. Lizard's Tail. 1918. S. CERNUUS, L. In shallow water. In great abundance along the Nation River at Cusselman. July — 3. This is the only station so far recorded in this part of Canada. THYMELEAOE^. Mezereon Family. DAPHNE, L. 1921. J). Mezereum, L. (Mezereon.) Rocky woods. Near Hemlock Lake, Beech wo )d. (Mrs. Chamber- lin.) Ap. — 4. Introduced, but well established. The beautiful joink or white fragrant flowers opening before the leaves. Fol- lowed by scarlet berries. 74 DIRCA, L. (Leather wood. Moose-wood,) 1922. D. PALUSTRIS, L. Rich woods. Ap. — 4. (B) The small yellow tubular flowers, 3 or 4 in number, produced early in spring from buds enclosed in dark brown hairy scales. Leaves oval, short-petioled, pale green. Ijark fibrous and very tough, much used in the woods instead of twine. EL-^AGNACEiE. Oleaster Family. SHEPllKliDiA, Nutt. 1924. S. Canadensis, Natt. Rocky woods. May — L (B) A straggling dioecious shrub with yellow flowers oi)ening before the leaves. The leqives and young shoots covered with brown peltate; and white stellate hairs. SANTALAOE^. Sandal-wood Family. COMANDRA, Nutt. Bastard Toad-Flax. 1928. C. UMBELLATA, Nutt. Dry rocky woods. Rockcliffe. Hull. King's Mountain. Mar — 4. (B) A low herb with pale green oblong leaves and a ter- minal corymbose cluster of white flowers. Parasitic on the roots of shrubs. I have traced the connection of the roots with those of Friav/s Virginiana and Viburnum jmbescens to which they were attached by an enlarged cone-shaped disk. EUPHORBIAOE^. Spurge Family. EUPHORBIA, L. 1935. E. MAOULATA, L. Sandy fields. Common. July — 2. (B) Annual. 19J9. £. I/elioscopia, L. (Sun S])urge.) Introduced. Roadsides and gardens. July — 3. (B) The centres of the flower-clusters yellow. Pods smooth. Annual. 1940. £1. Ci/2)arissi((s, L. Perennial. A garden escape. July — 1. Stems densely clustered. Stemdeaves linear crowded. 622360 . _ • '"' •'\_»A .^H. 78 1941. E. Peplns, L. (irometl Ganlen Spurge.) Introfluced. ]3urcler of field, Green's Creek. Purliament Hill. Aug.— 2. Anmml. Horns of the 4-lobed involucrum long. Lobes of tlio pod 2-wing-crested on the back. ACALYPHA, L. Tlireo-seeded Mercury. 1945. A. YiuuiNicA, L. Low ground iu shade. July — I. (B) An inconspicuous weedy plant with green flowers and long-jjetioled leaves. URTIOAOE^. Nettle Family. ULMUS, L. Kim. ' 1946. U. KUi.VA, Mx, (Ited Elm. Slippery Elm.) Rocky woods. Ajk— 4. (B) Flowers almost sessile. Branches wide-spreading, with the leaves towards the tips of the branch- lets. Buds anrings. July — 1. (B) A small, smooth and ))ellucid annual, without stinging hairs. BGEHMEllIA, Jacq. False Nettle. 19G1. B. CYLINDRICA, Willd. Low woods and thickets. July — 1. A taller plant than the last with more of the appearance of a nettle ; but stringless. (B) JUGLANDACEJE. Walnut Family. CARYA, Nutt. Hickory. 1964. C. ALBA, Nutt. (Shell-bark Hickory.) River side. Rare. A few trees at Casselman and at Deschenes Rajnds. June. 1967. C. AMAKA, Nutt. (Bitter-nut Hickory.) Rocky woods. Hull. Billii ^ JUGLANS, L. Walnut. 1968. J. ciNEFiEA, L. Butternut. Rocky woods. Common. June forest trees. (B) Bridge. !une. -1. One of the grandest of our MYRIOAOE^. Sweet-gale Family. MYRICA, L. Wax Myrtle. 1970. M. Gale, L. (Sweet Gale.) ' / 77 In Poat-boj^s, iilonj? the borders of lakes. Cjraraon in its proper habitat. Tlie diujoious flowers precede the loaves. Whole plant strongly uroinatic. May — 2. 1973. M. ASPLKSIFOLIA, Kndl. (Sweet F(n-n.) Comptimt'a nsfihiufoUn, Ait. Gray's M;in. 458. Sandy and clayey woods. Ironsides. Aylinor. Ap. — i. Local. A protty aronuitic .shrub, 1 — 2 feet hii,'li, with ftirn-like linoar- lanceolato leaves six inches in lcni,'tli, wliioh are pinnatitiil with many rounded lobes. OUPULIPER^. The Oak Family. BETUL s L. lii.ch. 1974. 13. LENTA, L. (Cherry Birch. " Black Birch.") B. excelsa of Alton. Pi ich woods. May — 1. (B) A large forest tree with thick bark, which is smooth and dark brown, like tliat of the cherry, when the tree is young. Fruiting catkins oblong-cylindrical, over an inch in length, the scales short with divergent lobes. 1975. B. LUTEA, Michx, f. (Yellow Birch. Gray Birch.) £. excelsa of Pursh. Low rich woods. May — 1. Bark of trunk yellowish or silvery- gray, hanging in thin filmy layers. Fruiting catkins oblong- ovoid, under an inch in length, the .scales thinner than in No. 1974, twice as large with narrower, barely spreading, lobes, 1977. B. PAPYiUFERA, Mx. (Paper I'.irch, Canoe Birch.) £. papi/rncea, Ait. Gray's Man. 459. Woods and river banks. May — 1. (B) Leaves ovate. 1979. B. PUMiiiA, L. (Low Biich. Swamp Birch.) Peatbog. Mor Bleue. Rax*e. May — 1. A small shrub, with erect branches, not glandular ; young branches and roundish leaves soft-downy when young. ALNUS, Gajrtn. Alder. 1985. A. INCANA, Willd. (Common Swamp ^J^r.) Borders of streams and swamps. Ap. — 2. (B) Usually our first plant to flower. This and Acer dani/carpum always preceding all others. The catkins which (of both sorts) were formed the previous summer, flowering long before the leaves expand. )