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D o w iie»J aiqr dtlmtem tjwtam^in C^iigja? 
 
 THE VALOUR 
 of IGNORANCE 
 
 A Plea for Canadian Defence 
 
 Bvprlnt hr 
 
 Canadian Defence League 
 
 Room ua, 8t. Jamttf Ohuubora 
 
 TORONTO, CANADA. 
 
 OBJKGIS OF THE LEAOUB. 
 
 1— To awaken thapnblio mind to (ha aerlona Importanca of 
 n%tlonal df-fence, and to aid In bringing about the adoption oC 
 the most effective and economical system to that end. 
 
 3. — To carry on a non-political, educational campaign looking 
 tu the adoption of the principle of patriotic, unpaid, or universal 
 naval or military training, in the belief that such training rondnces 
 to the Indnstrial, physical and moral elevation of the whole 
 people, and Is essential tn national safety. 
 
 <■— To co-operate with the various Provincial educational 
 anthorltles, the Department of Mtlttla and Defence, and the Tms- 
 teea of the Strathoona Fund, in Introducing physical and military 
 training into the schools of Canada. 
 
 4.— To aid in securing the systematic physical and military 
 training of all youths between the ages of fourteen and elghtaen. 
 
 OBOANIZINO COMMITTEE. 
 
 Lt-Col. 'fm. Hamilton Marritt rChalrman); Walter James 
 Brown (Eion. Secretary) ; Rev. T. Crawford Brown, M. A.; J. T. 
 Fothertngham, M.O.; Jas. L. Hughes; E. n. Keating, 0. E.; Prof. 
 W. Laah Miller; Mrs. S. Nordheimer. 
 
^A^■7 
 
The Valour of Ignorance 
 
 A Plea For Canadian Defence. 
 
 By Wte. HuDUtm KuTltt. Ohalrmaa Ormiililiii 
 
 Oommltta*. Oanwilft n vmuomVtmmvM. 
 
 ■xtrute from an >dar«ia dallTnad on Mb Muvh, 
 
 Ull, b*fw« tb« OanwUui Olub of HunllUm. 
 
 As a general introduction, I {eel 
 bound to say that I take for Kranted that 
 vou value patriotism above commercial- 
 ism, and Imperialism above contincntal- 
 isiii. That your flaj; and nationality are 
 in fact and in tijth the most sacred 
 thing in life to you, and for which each 
 and every one of you would be ready to 
 light if it should be necessary to do so. 
 Unless this is the spirit of our people, 
 then Canada is indeed in a hazardous 
 position, for unless such a feeling as tnis 
 is really in the hearts of all of us, we 
 shall not listen with sympathy to a 
 demand for that self-sacrifice, which 
 alone can keep alive in the world the 
 nationality of any people. 
 
 I was much struck by an address by 
 Baron Kikuchi of the Imperial Univer- 
 sity of Kyoto, given last year at the 
 University of Toronto. The add.ess was 
 on the "Japanese Spirit," which throuRh 
 all the changes in that old and wonderful 
 people they have preserved unimpair- 
 ed. Their "Spirit" is virtually pers iial 
 self-sacrifice for the benefit of the State, 
 or, as defined hy Baron Kikuchi, "rever- 
 ence for the Imperial house or dynastv, 
 and reveren>.e for their ancestors ;" the 
 practical carrying out of which includes 
 "inuring the body to hardships and pri- 
 vations, and cultivating discipline, cool- 
 ness and self-control." 
 
 . What this national "Spirit" is cap- 
 able of, was well exhibited in the late 
 Russo-Japanese War. Can we say that 
 this -is the "spirit" of our people ? Is it 
 not — sad to relate — the opposite, and 
 much more as described in a sermon by 
 
Rev. Mr. SoaKS, prolnuor of religious 
 e<tacation in the University o{ I hicafo .' 
 He said "we teach our youth in America 
 to be self-reliant and make their own way. 
 They become sell-sufficient and their atti- 
 tude is to take orders Irom no nan. But 
 religion demands obedience. St. Paul 
 has taui;ht us that we arc not our own, 
 bill buiiKht with a price. He, himself, 
 tools pride in the title of 'Slave of God.' " 
 
 VALOUR OF IGNORANCE. 
 
 My intention is to endeavor to say a 
 few words to you on the subject of Cana- 
 dian Defence, but under the title of "Th; 
 Valour of Ignorance." 
 
 Some of you may havp thought that 
 my address is to be on the remarkable 
 book of that name, by Homer Lea, pub- 
 lished by Harper Brothers. While that 
 is not quite the case, yet I intenil to 
 ar A\ myself freely of Mr. Lea's logical 
 deductions, for most of them apply with 
 equal force to Canada as to the United 
 States ; practically the only difference be- 
 ing that the United State& is building up 
 a great navy to guard her shores, wh'l? 
 Canada has been content up to the pre- 
 sent, to rely on the navy of Great 
 Britain. 
 
 We are enjoying the wonderful advant- 
 age — under the protecting aegis of the Old 
 Motherland, who is .staggering under the 
 titanic financial load she is bearing alone 
 — of now being able to perfect our plans 
 for self-defence, which, under any other 
 circwnstances, would fall still-born into 
 the lap of some land-hungry power. 
 
 From Homer Lea's work and other 
 authorities, I shall try and prove to you, 
 (I), that nn people can remain as they 
 are wheie there is indiflerencc to the mat- 
 ter of defence, and convergence of inter- 
 ests with other nations ; (2), that -onlv 
 physical and military excellence in a 
 people can enlist the respect of other 
 nations and keep them from absorbing 
 
d^ 
 
 mere commercial proptcii with inadeqtiutr 
 protection ; (,t), thut »ome ilav thrrr 
 must lie an inevitalilc clash of intvrcKta 
 and armament! between ournoWeii and 
 our gleat nci|;hbor; and(4Kthat tbK future 
 hope nt the Britiah 'tiiinire demand;; that 
 her boys and men have that physical iind 
 military training which hrinirs health, 
 diacipline, reipcct, g""*^ manners, and 
 safety to flag and country in iti train. 
 
 Incredible a* it may seem, yet I 
 feel that the most difTicnlt task we have 
 .5 to convince our fellow-cnuntrymen thnt 
 there is any need for n real serious de- 
 fence system, one in tact, not in name 
 only. When we have done this, the battle 
 for national safety wiU be more thnn 
 half won. 
 
 ro STAND STII.l, IMPOSSIBLE. 
 
 U) That uo people can remain as 
 they are where there is indiRerence to the 
 matter of definie <<:id convergence of in- 
 terests with other nations. 
 
 In connection with this, Homer I^ea 
 sa;'S 'National existence is not a hap- 
 hazard pnssace of a people from an un- 
 knfwn be)i'innini; to an unforeseen end." 
 
 "Yet nations prefer to evade 
 
 and perish rather than to master the 
 sinj;Ie lesson taueht by the wa.shinK- 
 away of those that have gone before 
 them. In their indiflerence and in the 
 valour of their ignorance they depart, to- 
 gether with their moiium nts and consti- 
 tutions, their vanities and grds." 
 
 Conan Doyle wrote recently in "The 
 Last Gulley" — a story on the fall of 
 Carthage to Home — "And they under- 
 stood too late liat it is the law of Hea- 
 ven that the world is given to the hardy 
 and ^.o t'.ie self-denying, wnilst he who 
 would escape the duties of manhood will 
 soon he stripped of the pride, the wealth 
 and the power which a' > the pi 'zes man- 
 hood brings." 
 
 And you will perhaps remember — go- 
 
init a Mcp (iirlher-tlmt Hiuh a ereat 
 writer and thinker «. H,„ki„ ».»'", 
 warm an advocate (•{ the itn-nuous in 
 nation-l)uildinK, that he wrote, "WetiU 
 nl 1^«« "f I li-arning, and of 'pewe and 
 plenty, and .,( piaie and civilisation, hut 
 vM.1. .1." H>"«. were not the word* 
 which the muse of Historv loupled to- 
 Kether; that on her lip, the 
 wr.rd» were peace and lensuulitv 
 
 death. I found, in brief, that all 
 (Creat nationji learned their truth <,f word 
 and strength of thought in war ; tha 
 they were nourished in war, and waste.1 
 by peace ; trained in war, and betrayed 
 by peacc-in a word, that thev wire horn 
 in war, and expired in peace." 
 
 INTERNATIONAI, RKSPKCT. 
 
 .., 1?^' ^,''** ""'y P''>"<^-»1 and military 
 excellence in a people can enlist the re- 
 
 T K "u?" "*^'°"'' "'<' ''«'=? them 
 from absorbing mere commercial peoples 
 with madequate protection. 
 
 Homer Lea points out the national 
 .suicide involved in excessive commercial- 
 ism at the expense of defence precautions 
 fml * strenuous national life, he siu.s 
 Whenever a nation becomes excessivel'v 
 opulant and arrogant, at the same time 
 being without military power to defend 
 Its opulance or support its arrogance, it 
 wJuh ^*",«f °"« position. Whenever the 
 wealth and luxury of a nation stands in 
 inverse ratio to its militarv streniftl., the 
 hour of its desolation, if not at hknd 
 approaches. When the opulance and nn- 
 martial qualities of one nation stand 
 in inverse ratio to the poverty and the 
 military prowess of another, "while their 
 expansion is convergent, there results 
 those inevitable wars wherein the com- 
 mercial nation collapses and departs 
 irom the activities of mankind forever " 
 
 fhU VT°*" "l*?"" ''^ '"^°"8"'t home from 
 this that It might pay Canada better to 
 do with a little less wealth, if i* should 
 
I 
 
 be necMwry, while we K>ve wore atten- 
 tion to our iimrti.I ,|,mlitl« and .IW 
 
 our neighbor . monopoly . the opS i„" 
 
 and arrogant "Velopmcni. 
 
 THE INEVITABLE CLASH. 
 (3) That koii.e day there mun lo <••• 
 ^.vitable clashing of iitcrc^. "nd an." 
 
 Migibor *•" """'''"' ""• °"' «'«' 
 
 tory of th.^ expansion of ,„„ grrat neigh- 
 bor. The original territory.' unde? the 
 Peace of PariH in .8«.,, covere<l the tcrri- 
 fTo^hm"' "1 t''«,W'"i»»il'Pi "nd north oJ 
 Florida. Then t! Province of Louistiuna 
 the great centra: west, wa. purcha,ed 
 froM, France in ,«,,,, and Florf.ra from 
 Spoin in 1819. Texas, us a republic w«^ 
 admitted in .8^5, Great Britu n ' w!s 
 euchred out of Oregon and Washington in 
 1846 and the remainder o thj west 
 wrested from Mexico by v i„ iS^S 
 
 w 185.1. Then Alaska was bought fro-n 
 
 ahT/h il„}^!' "»*»*' waslbsoved 
 and the rhilippines and Porto Rico were 
 taken from Spain in 1898, and Tutnila 
 (a«moan Is.) acquired in i8og. This dm.. 
 
 ttaV"alL'=,"^H'' •""'' '* -"^titutes m^r: 
 tnan a ten-fold mcrease to the 136 178 
 square miles of the original A State, 
 Another thirteen-year perfod coilil. in'for 
 iew a'c",uUit?o1,': °' '' ''"" •»*'-» '-" 
 
 n.i Jk* ""H*"""". f to Whether our great 
 neighbor has finished this tremendous ex- 
 pan.,.on .s ever an interesting one to I' 
 «v ^^l'^""* y'"- ^^^^Ua has "o 
 o7thf,^*^'^""'"" '■ "^^^ continuation 
 
 of the Kll'nni?'^' "^^ *''^ ?"<""" "t^sion 
 ?L, ^«P'i|'''c, the maintenance of its 
 
 wide se"„ J*" Vr"""""""' '" « "°^ d! 
 f^.r.% *•• °? *''* aspirations of its 
 
 o?Um"?o"wh V"''' *''l°"ly P"re patri- 
 otism to which an American can kv 
 claim, or m defence of, lay down his We ^ 
 
"Kxpansion of a nation's boundaries 
 is indicative, not only of its external 
 growth, bnt of the virility of its internal 
 constitutit n ; the shrinkage of its bound- 
 aries, the external exemplification of its 
 intcmil decay." 
 
 .... "The territorial dominions of 
 the United States are not only those pos- 
 ses.sioiis (jovemed by its laws, but that 
 vast region of Mexico, the West Indies, 
 Central and South America, wiiich, as 
 far as being causative of war, are as 
 much under the political sovereignty of 
 the United States as are the States of 
 the Union. The preservation of the con- 
 stitution is not more vital than the in- 
 V 'lability of the Monroe Doctrine." 
 
 . . . . "Of the world's territory 
 that comes under the political jurisdic- 
 tion of the Republic, two-thirds is covered 
 by Mexico, Central and South America, 
 capable of supporting three times as 
 many empires a.', now divide Europe." 
 
 "The political responsibilities that 
 this republic has so inconcemedly assum- 
 ed in establishing its suzerainty over the 
 Western Hemisphere and a tentative do- 
 minion over the Pacific are as vast," etc. 
 . . . . "The peace of the future must 
 be, as in the past, an armed peace." 
 
 Continuing to quote from Homer Lea 
 we find that he says : "In 1906 there were 
 in England to each million of the popu- 
 lation, eight murders committed, in Ger- 
 many, four, and in the United States 
 118.'' 
 
 ' 'This Republic exceeds all other civil- 
 ized nations in crime." . . "Through 
 the exces.sive criminality of any nation 
 there will always exist concomitant vio- 
 lation of the rights and privileges of other 
 countries as guaranteed to them by the 
 usage of international law, and which 
 must, in due time, culminate ii war." 
 
 . . . . "The unlettered savage . . 
 
 . . . . evolved the very spirit of 
 
 ) 
 
 I 
 
1 
 
 human obligation that this great Republic 
 is coming to know not of. Its disregard 
 for such pacts is not only increasing, but 
 its violations are, in many instances, un- 
 worthy of the nation's potential great- 
 ness."' 
 
 SHOEING HORSES FOR CANADA. 
 
 I should like to ^ive one extract from 
 another source. It is from an article on 
 the "Lessons of a Decade," by 2nd Lieut, 
 and Brevet Captain Frederick Whittaker, 
 who served in the Federal Cavalry during 
 the Civil War. The article appeared first 
 iu the Army and Navy Joumil in 1871, 
 was reprinted in hook form and again re- 
 produced last year in the U. S. Cavalry 
 Association .Toumal. 
 
 Under the head of shoeing of horses, 
 the author says : "In the winter, both 
 toe and heel corks on all the shoes should 
 be used in slippery ice countrie.s, as Can- 
 ada. In mud countries they are not nec- 
 essary. But, as our next war of nny 
 magnitude will probably be in the north, 
 our horses will have to be roughed with 
 toe and heel-corks for winter campaign- 
 ing." 
 
 AN ENGLISH VIEW. 
 
 We might now briefly consider th- 
 views of an English thinker (.n Imperial 
 lines. He is Mr. L. S. Amery, who w s 
 an editor of the London Times, and one 
 of the leading military critics in the 
 Empire. Mr. Amery said before the Na- 
 tional Defence Association of England : 
 "But the Indian frontier is by no means 
 the most serious frontier problem we 
 have to face. In Canada we have a fron- 
 tier of nearly 4000 miles separating us 
 from our greatest potential rival. There 
 are many, I know, who, while admitting 
 the reality of the danger from Germany, 
 will refuse absolutely to face the even 
 greater danger that mav eventually arise 
 from .the expansion of the United States. 
 
I know that the average politician who 
 hates all unpleasant facts will siy: "The 
 Americans are our cousins and iriends ; 
 war with them is unthinkable ! Un- 
 thinkable ! There is no such word in 
 international politics. We have been at 
 war with the United States in the past. 
 We have more than once since then been 
 on the verge of war with her— the last 
 time, less than fourteen years ago, over 
 Venezeula. In any case, no statesman 
 has the right, whatever the circum- 
 stances, to stake the existence of his 
 country on the hope that the friendship 
 of a foreign country will continue in- 
 definitely." 
 
 The same authority has stated re- 
 cently : "As long as nations are separate 
 nations, with frontiers that touch, with 
 economic interests that may clajih, they 
 have always got to consider the possibil- 
 ity of war. We can be responsible for 
 our own policy but we cannot be respon- 
 sible for the policy of any other country. 
 We cannot say who may be controlling the 
 destinies of the United States lo or 20 
 years hence, or what their attitude may 
 then be towards Canada or towards the 
 British Empire. More than that, inter- 
 national friendship is most securely based 
 when it is based on respect as well as 
 onmeregood-will. I don't think Canadians 
 to-day can do otherwise than regard the 
 problem gravely and seriously, with an 
 earnest desire to maintain for 100 years 
 more, as in the past loo years, the friend- 
 ship of the United States, but with the 
 knowledge that such friendship can be 
 maintained only by mutual respect and 
 by our confidence in our power to defend 
 our rights." 
 
 Let me go even a step further, and 
 say that if we believe the history and the 
 reasoning given by Mr. Homer Lea to be 
 correct, it would appear to be certain 
 that 'he rapidly converging lines and 
 interests between ourselves and our 
 
great neighbor can have bui one issue, 
 and the 'god of battles' alone can say 
 who will come out on top. Howeyer 
 there is one thing, and one alone, which 
 can postpone the evil day, and that is 
 the development on our part of such a 
 strength as to demand forebearance. 
 
 We now come to the important con- 
 sideration as to whether we have that 
 necessary strength to-day, or are now 
 developing it. 
 
 DEFENCE AN OBLIGATION. 
 
 Take the world at large, we find that 
 the same obligation that underlies the 
 imposition of taxes and the education of 
 children in all civilized countries is also 
 applied in the cose of defence of home 
 and country. To qualify for playing his 
 part in defence is held to be the duty of 
 every man, but the manner in which this 
 is carried out differs in each nation. The 
 same general principles, however, are 
 applied throughout, from the more dras- 
 tic rendering of the idea by the French 
 and German to that quite recently adopt- 
 ed in Australia and New Zealand. In 
 the latter cases the defence education 
 begins at as early an age as ten years, 
 and extends to the 25th year of a man's 
 life, the sacrifice of his time, however, 
 amounting to little more than a week in 
 the year. 
 
 This was the principle evolved by the 
 first settlers in Canada, our French-Can- 
 adian brothers, adopted by our first 
 British Governors, crystallized into law 
 in our first Militia Act of 1808, and it 
 was that more than anything else which 
 saved our country in 1812-14. 
 
 There are, however, a few, a very 
 few, of the peoples of the world, who 
 have not this universal service principle. 
 They are those whose marches are the 
 ocean or other people whose offensive 
 powers are a negligible quantity. In 
 
this case large expenditures on a navy are 
 resorted to, as in the case of Great 
 Britain and the United States, and the 
 power of the almighty dollar is depended 
 on to procure a voluntary land defence 
 force 
 
 This being the condition of things, 
 where does our beloved Canada stand ? 
 Sir Wilfrid Laurier said recently in 
 Montreal that now we are a nation. 
 Where do we stand among he nations of 
 the world, or indeed among the nations 
 that go to make up the British Empire ? 
 Facts and figures go to show that our 
 position is absolutely unique, that no 
 civilized nation occupies the position of 
 disregard to the defence of country that 
 is occupied to-day by Canada. 
 
 Until recently, China was the only 
 country in the world which had a com- 
 parable defence policy to that of our 
 country, but even China has joined the 
 ranks with the progressive nations and 
 expects to have 400,000 well armed and 
 trained men in the field by the year 1913, 
 and 1,185,000 in 1920. At present she 
 has 160,000 effective soldiers with modem 
 arms and training. Canada is the only 
 country that dares to rely on a superiB- 
 telligence, on editorials, on resolutions, 
 and on peace-cimferences, to compel the 
 respect of her rivals. 
 
 AN INEXPENSIVE SYSTEM. 
 
 Now with regard to a few figures in "" 
 support of the foregoing. Under our old 
 discarded system. Nova Scotia alone 
 trained more armed soldiers in 1866 than 
 we did in all Canada last year at one- 
 sixtieth the cost. To train 45,767 in 
 1866, Nova Scotia spent $114,460 ; to 
 train some 40,000, the Dominion of Can- 
 ada paid $6,749,275 in 1909. 
 
 For what we spend on our 4'" ,000 
 volunteers, Switzerland can jnit ■■ j,ooo 
 men in the field ; Bulgaria, 381,000, and 
 
Argentina, 500,000, and Sweden and Ron- 
 mania, for their half a million men an 
 average of less than half as much more 
 expenditure. 
 
 In France there are 18 soldiers to 
 Ruard ce.ch square mile. 
 
 In Canada a soldier has to euard •74 
 square miles. 
 
 h Fi«K» there k om loMMr to 3 of nde popdriiai ol 
 GctaiMiy 3 
 
 Aintria ■• " ^ 
 
 RuHU 12 
 
 England " "15 
 
 Canada •• 40 
 
 The cost per soldier to the country is: 
 
 Switzerland n.S2 
 
 BulRaria i,,'82 
 
 Italy 18..17 
 
 Sweden 21.26 
 
 Japan ji.48 
 
 *;™"<=e 35.70 
 
 Germany 40.78 
 
 Canada 112. so 
 
 lust think of the comparison between . 
 
 militiaman and the trained Japan- 
 soldier, to say nothing of the Ger- 
 man, and yet our militiaman costs prac- 
 tically three times as much as the Ger- 
 man, and (our times as much as thi: Jap 
 In an inverse ratio, I woull much dislike 
 to wager on the issue if one-fourth the 
 number of Japanese with their "spirit " 
 armament, and training, were to be op- 
 posed to our Canadian forces with our 
 present armament, organization, ai:d 
 training. 
 
 FACTS RE OVER-SEA INVASION. 
 Homer Lea says : "Germany, France 
 or Japan can each mobolize in one 
 month more troops, scientifically trained 
 by educated officers, than this Republic 
 could gather tO'jcther in three years." 
 • . . "Oceans no longer prevent the 
 
 our 
 ese 
 
successful invusion o{ distant lands, but 
 on the other hand make such attack pos- 
 sihle." . . . "Within a given time a 
 single vessel of the Mauretania or Deut- 
 chland class could transport more troops 
 from Europe to the American shores 
 th|P could all the fleets of England have 
 done at the time of the Revolution or 
 War of i8ij." 
 
 .... '^Germany can transport 
 to the United States a quarter of a mil- 
 lion soldiers in a fortnight." 
 
 .... "While Japan has over 
 jo,ooo scientifically trained military 
 officers, the United States has less than 
 4,000." 
 
 And Mr. Homer Lea shows that 
 Japan also has fleets of available trans- 
 ports in which she can send at any time 
 300,000 from her armies of more than a 
 million trained men. 
 
 The deductions from thes^ quotations 
 are obvious, that the matter of the de- 
 fence of Canada, as a very important 
 part cf the British Empire, is a real, 
 serious, live problem. 
 
 TRAINING IMPERATIVE.- 
 
 (4) That the future hope of the 
 British Empire demands that her boys 
 and men have that physical and military 
 training which brings health, discipline, 
 respect, good manners, and safety to 
 flag and country in its train. 
 
 While a great many people it. Canada 
 do not, or pretend that they do not, see 
 the necessity for a defence system similar 
 to that of other countries, yet practically 
 all seem to be in accord with the advis- 
 ability of our youth being trained in 
 systems of physical training and discip- 
 hne. Many even think every boy and 
 young man the better for military train- 
 ing. Here then, are generally recognized 
 benefits which come in the train of pre- 
 paration fof national safety. 
 
In Atutralia and New Zealand Junior 
 Cadets are trained from 10—14, senior 
 cadets from 14—18, and all young men 
 from 18—25 are obliged to put in an an- 
 nual training with the defence forcea. 
 
 Anyone who has been in a country 
 where nniversal military training per- 
 tains, will have been much struck with 
 the general smart, cleanly appearance of 
 the people. An old German, with whom 
 I once travelled, and who had lived for 
 30 years in England, said that if there 
 were universal peace, he would advocate 
 the adherence to the German sjrstem of 
 military training, for the sake of health 
 and humanity. 
 
 Homer I^a points out that "The 
 German Empire possesses the greatest 
 armtiment of any nation proportion<ite 
 to its population ; yet the entire army 
 —considered as non-producers— consists 
 of only 1.17 per cent, of the population, 
 the other 98.53 per cent, carrying on 
 their customary vocations." 
 
 The same author evidently does not 
 hold that Boy Scouts, Rifle Clubs, 
 Strathcona funds and the like, excellent 
 and desirable as they are all are, are go- 
 ing to fill the place "of a national defence 
 system, for we find he says in his book • 
 .'.'Rifle, pistol and all other similar 
 civilian associations are not only nega- 
 tively but positively harmful to the 
 nation, inasmuch as they produce an 
 erroneous conception of the knowledge 
 and duties necessary to a modern 
 soldier." And again : . . . . "With 
 war near at hand, public evasion is found 
 in the formation of shooting or rifle 
 clubs, under the delusion that to shoot 
 constitutes the sole dnty of a soldier and 
 is the source of all military success. . . 
 . . To shoot is less important than to 
 march ; to shoot accurately less import- 
 ant than to obey implicitly ; to kill 
 less important than to survive." 
 
If you have been able to (oilow my 
 disjointed discourse, you will have dis- 
 covered that I have ((ood crounds for 
 advocating the urgent necessity of an 
 adequate defence system, and that in it 
 thcri' arc distinct benefits to the individ- 
 ual and to the national morale. 
 
 Training in the use of arms does not 
 mean war, but rather makes for peac>;. 
 The Chinee says : "You may not reed 
 soldiers for a hundred years, but you can- 
 not do without them for a single day." 
 You remember that Lord Milner asked at 
 Vancouver how we were going to protect 
 our population and trade, vi were we 
 going to take a l<.ck seat ? After point- 
 ing out that wars will be rarer, he said : 
 "but every year and every day, not only 
 on the rare occasions that nations actu- 
 ally fight the power of fighting exercises 
 a silent, decisive influence on the history 
 of the wor!-*. It is like the cash res!-rve 
 of some great solvent bank. How often 
 is it necessary to produce millions and 
 actually use them ? It is credit which 
 determines the power and influence of 
 natiors, just as it does the fate of any 
 business." 
 
 And when the time comes again when 
 the invader is at the door, can we thi-n 
 be saved by the "Valour of Ignorance," 
 «an we repel the invader by bringing into 
 force the obsolete leve en masse clause 
 df out Militia Act ? The answer to this 
 is once more given by Homt-r Lea, wh;n 
 he says : "From the beginning of the 
 formation of national cntiti'-s until the 
 present time, the idea of popular upris- 
 ings to repulse foreign invaders has ever 
 been a universal conceit, an indelible 
 vanity, that neither the erosion of ages 
 has erased, not the deluges of blood issu- 
 ing from them have washed away." 
 
•VHoraia or ■. p. priparationi, addcnoum 1900. 
 
 
 
 
 '§ 
 
 .s .s A A c 
 
 B E t E 1 
 
 min. 
 min. 
 
 min 
 
 
 1 
 
 ? 
 
 
 aJ 5 i ^ r i 
 
 i S S 2 2 2 
 5; 8, 8, Si •" », 
 
 i s s 2 
 
 8 i^ !^ 8, 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 6 ~"'5-' 
 
 S "- - - 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 
 S . . Tt 
 
 E 
 
 
 1 
 
 m 
 
 
 u li u u J; 
 jj d. d d d if 
 
 :: d d d 
 
 
 s 
 
 K 
 H 
 
 
 R 
 
 ALLEO 10 P 
 
 Alcohol 70 
 
 Alcohol 60 
 Alcohol 60 
 
 Alcohcl 6a 
 Sol. Amu 
 
 § 1 i * 
 
 V 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 m 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 Vi 
 
 
 «f 
 
 m 
 
 X 
 
 s 
 
 - i i 1 i i 
 
 = i i i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 •3 
 1 
 
 a. 
 
 g 
 
 b 
 
 « 1 1 1 g J 
 
 il 1 1 1 1 
 
 £ 1 S g 
 
 
 
 f 
 
 
 < -ri "r' 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 M 
 
 X 
 H 
 
 S 
 
 1 
 !l 
 
 2 
 
 u 
 
 5 
 
 t 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 INGRBDIKNT IN 
 nd root, 40 pow 
 
 40 powder. 
 
 20 powder, 
 bruised. 
 
 and roots. 40 pov 
 
 !|i 1 
 
 P 
 
 X 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 ii 1 M .11 
 
 2 . 1 
 
 a s 1 1 
 
 S J a! 
 
 i j il 
 
 ^ 
 
 « 
 
 
 M 
 1 
 >• 
 
 1 
 
 a 
 s 
 4 
 
 in 
 
 s 
 
 il 
 •11 
 
 II. Strength, 4 
 ristolochiae 
 
 Tioctore of Aristolochia. 
 TinetDre of Indiao Serpent 
 
 aiadanae 
 
 Tlnetara of Kaladana. 
 Tincture PharbliU NU. 
 
 inosporae 
 
 Tincture of Tinospon. 
 
 rgineae 
 
 Tinciuie <^ Urginet 
 Tinctnre of Indian Squill. 
 
 alerianae Indicae Amrr 
 
 Atnmoniated Tlnetare In 
 Valerian. 
 
 I. Strength, 
 
 cfAdkatoda. 
 
 of Alatonia. 
 of DIta Biirk. 
 
 olPicrothia«. 
 of Kali Kuilci. 
 
 
 55 
 
 
 I 
 
 dhatod 
 
 Tincture 
 
 Stonise 
 
 rincture 
 rincture 
 
 crorhiz 
 
 rincture 
 Tincture 
 
 
 
 
 
 < 2C 1- Z> > 
 
 < «t Q. 
 
•VNOnu OF ■. p. niPAIIATIONa, ADDINDUM Iqoa 
 
 Part ll. 
 Solid Preparations. 
 
 EMPLA8TRA. {Add^nda/ona hjci.) 
 
 NaMBI AMD SVHOMTM 
 
 Strbmoth. 
 
 I. Plasters having Miscellaneous Bakek. 
 
 33 pM, mjrUbrU. 
 
 Powd. myl-ibrli bt-vlle, yallow wat, 
 lard, retlo, toap plutar. 
 
 Bmplmitrum 
 K'yiabridift 
 Mjlabrli Plular, 
 
 III. Plasters having a Resin-Plaster Basis. 
 
 Mylabridil Calefacieni. I Powd. myUbrla bMtle. y«llowwax, t t myUbrla In as < 
 Mylabria Warmtoi Plaaler. ratin, boillnR waiar, aoao and , 4 p.a. mylatnrU. ' 
 
 I realn plaatera. 
 
 PILULE. (Addinda folia Ixxx,) 
 
 NahBI and SYHONTMa. 
 
 iNaaMDIBHTB. 
 
 Stbbrotii 
 
 Dot!. 
 
 H. Containing Other Plant-Orug Bases. 
 
 Pilula : 
 
 Ipecaccum Urginea. 
 
 PlU Ipeoae. with UrRiDea. 
 Pill Ipecac «tth ladiaa 
 Squlil. 
 
 Urgineae Composita 
 
 Compound Uraioda Pill. 
 Comp. Indian Squill Pill. 
 
 Comp. Ipeoae powd,, 
 
 urrinaa, animonlacum 
 ^ Bua ijnap of (lueoaa. 
 
 I 
 
 Indian aqulll, ginger, 
 
 ammoniac 11 m, loap and 
 ayrup of glucou. 
 
 3Dovcr'Bpowd.in6 
 3 p.c. opium. 
 
 [ urxlnea In 4, 
 nearly. 
 
 4 to 8 gn. 
 
 PULVERE8. {Addenda foUa Ixxxiii.) 
 
 Pulvit ; 
 
 Katadanae Compositus 
 
 Comp. Kaladana Powder. 
 
 Kaladana, potaasiam acld- 
 lartrate and ginger. 
 
 I kaladanna in 3. 
 
 20 totegri. 
 
 III. Astringent Powders. 
 
 Buteas Seminum. I Butea«ed9. blanched lAatringenland lio.oaogra. 
 
 Powder of Butea Seeds. dried and powdered. antbelmloiic. 
 
; 
 
 XVI. 
 
 ■TNonii or ■. p. miPARATiom, aodimdvm 190a 
 
 RESINS. {Aidmia foUm lMMMi9.) 
 
 N'AMit AND ivaoMrut. 
 
 Kaladann 
 
 Kilariana RMln. 
 ■■ Pharbltliln." 
 
 Socuit. 
 
 SMdi o( Iptmtm k*4trM$t». 
 
 Pieciia. 
 
 DlfMi., ptre. ud 
 Iplialli 
 
 pradpHMloB, 
 
 < to B in. 
 
 UNQUENTA. {AM,nda folia «.,.) 
 
 Namk« i 
 
 ND SYNONrUI. 
 
 PlOCIII. 
 
 Strrnqth. 
 
 RlHARRt. 
 
 11. Having Behzoated Laeo por thiiii Base 
 
 Vtigutntmm : 
 
 Mylabridis ' Puiion a DiwiUor 
 
 ^Mylabrls OlnUntnt. 
 
 Incorporatlra 
 
 «7<*wiis win 
 
 Myrobaiani 
 
 Mjrroi jl«n Olaimcni. 
 
 Myrobaiani cum Opio 
 
 M^rabalan Otm. with Opium. 
 
 iBeorporatloti. 
 
 I la 10. 
 t Id 3. 
 7-S P-<. opium 
 
 DllTMt 19 hri. « iio*P. 
 
 Lik« Gall OittUMot. 
 
 LIka Call and Opium 
 Olotmaot. 
 
 IV. Having both Hard 4nd Sopt PAr^rwHs for thri.. Rair. 
 
 Gynocardl._ 
 
 G*Docardla Ololment. 
 Cbauunootw-Oil Qlnlmr 
 
 FutloD. 
 
^^sc^— <^^ ^ >S^c<^ 
 
 / - 
 
 /o 
 
 yd 
 
 e^t^ 6' ^i a a 
 
PART I. 
 
 Liquid Preparations of the British 
 Pharmacopoeia. 
 
 ACETA. VINEGARS (med.cathd). 
 
 Solutions of the active constituents of org-anic drugs, obtained by 
 extraction with acetic acid, cither strongs or dilute. 
 
 Preparation. — The pharmaceutical processes involved in the prepar- 
 ation of the official vineg:ars are simple maceration for Acetum Scillae, 
 maceration combined with percolation for Acetum Cantharidis and dilution 
 of the liquid extract for Acetum Ipecacuanhas. 
 
 Menstrua.— All excepting vinegar of cantharadis are made with 
 diluted acetic acid. The one mentioned is made with a menstruum of 
 g:Iacial acetic acid and water, equal volumes of each. Vinegar of ipecac- 
 uanha contains lo p.c. of alcohol, 90 p.c. 
 
 Acetic acid is a goo d solv ent and possesses antiseptic prope rties as 
 well. It readily comETnes aniPforms soIuble_salts wFth alRaloidsT if the 
 drugs acted upon contain these principles. ~"^ 
 
 Storing. —Vinegars should be stored in tall bottles of small diameter, 
 to enable pouring oflF^ of clear liquid from copious sediments deposited by 
 this class of preparations. 
 
 ACETA. 
 
 Three Official Vinegars. 
 
 Names and Stkonyus. 
 
 Acetum : 
 
 Cantharidis 
 
 Vinegar Cantharldes. 
 
 Ipecacuanhae 
 
 vinegar Ipecacuanha. 
 Vtnegar Ipecac. 
 
 Scillae 
 
 Vinegar Squill 
 
 iNOREDtCNTS. 
 
 Cantharides, bruised. 
 Llq. Ext. Ipecacuanha. 
 
 Squill, bruised. 
 
 I llq. est. In 20, 
 oro'i grain al- 
 kaloids in iiu 
 mins., or, o'l 
 Gm.lnioocm* 
 
 I in 8. 
 
 1e^ 
 
 Externally 
 
 1-30 miiju 
 
 I 
 
 iUtZ-/ 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. T. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 ACIDA. ACIDS. 
 
 Compounds of electro-negative radicals, or halogens, with basic 
 hydrogen, which hydrogen may be displaced by a basylous radical, to 
 form a salt. 
 
 The Formula of an acid, is a group of symbols showing its compo- 
 sition or structure. 
 
 A Chemical formula may be, I. Empirical, when it expresses the 
 simplest ratio of atoms which make up the compound, e.g. CH.O is the 
 empirical formula for hydrogen acetate, Fe (HO). '.,r ferric hydroxide. 
 
 11. Molecular, whenit expresses the actual nuinberof atoms of each 
 element in a molecule ; it may be identical with the empirical formula, or 
 a multiple of it, ,.g. C.H.O. is the molecular formula for hydromn 
 acetate and Fe. (HO), for ferric hydroxide. 
 
 Molecul- formulas may be, 
 
 (a) Typical, when the atoms are arranged after a certain types the 
 T,Trr''u'"°?. T' "' '"'"'-■■"• "°"' ^"^ ''>"'™S=" '^'""■•'''e, HCl, ..,. 
 tlU(l,.H.O)is hydrogen acetate arranged on the watertype,H(C H O ) 
 the same on the hydrogen chloride type. * ' 
 
 When written after the water type, the number of hydroxyl (HO) 
 groups mdicates the basicity of the acid, the hydrogen of each group 
 being replaceable by a base or a basylous radical, while if expressed after 
 he hydrogen chloride type, the number of hydrogen atoms indicated in 
 the basic position, ..«. at theleft of the acidulous radical, determines the 
 basicity. 
 
 («) Graphic, when the constitutional composition of the compound is 
 shown by means of connecting bonds ; also termed Structural or Conj««». 
 t'onal. eg. CH. -COOH, is a graphic formula for hydrogen acetate or 
 
 H O 
 when fully written out. H-C-C-O-H. The number of oxytyl 
 
 H 
 (COOH) groups present indic.ite the basicity, the hydrogen of each 
 group being the replaceable hydrogen of the acid. 
 
 ADMINISTRATION.-The acids which are to be taken internally, should 
 be largely diluted with water beforehand, and the mouth and tieth well 
 rinsed with water afterwards. 
 
 CLASSIFICATICN.-Both liquid and solid acids are classified together 
 in the following table, for the sake ot convenience. " Strength " refers to 
 the percentage by weight, of absolute acid, contained in the compound.: 
 
»• .. ... y) • ■ y^ j.~ . . . 
 
 -•^"-i^cV^ {J-/5 
 
 j^^t,t.^*Ji^ f- C^uL/ot 
 
ACIDA— ACII». 
 
 ACIDA. 
 
 Twtnty'nin* Official Acids 
 
 NaNKS AMD SVKOHVyS. 
 
 AcidMm: 
 
 Aceticum 
 
 AcetloAdd. 
 
 Aceticum Dilutum 
 
 DUutrd AcMic Acid. 
 
 Ace^<':unn Glaciale 
 
 GU.^J Acetic Add. 
 
 Arseniosum 
 
 Arsenious Anhydrlds. 
 ArtcniousOxldi-. 
 Arsenious Acid. 
 White Arsenic. 
 Arsenic. 
 
 Benzol cum 
 
 Benzoic Acid. 
 Hydrogen tienioate. 
 
 Boricum 
 
 Boric Acid. 
 Boracic Acid. 
 Hydrogen Borate. 
 
 Carboticum 
 
 Carbolic Add. 
 Phenol 
 Phenylic Alcohol. 
 
 Carbolicum 
 
 Liquefactum 
 
 Llqaefied Carbolic Acid. 
 Liquefied FhenoL 
 
 Chromicum 
 
 rbromic Acid. 
 Chromic Anhydride. 
 Chcumic Oxide. 
 
 Citricum 
 
 citric Acid. 
 Hydrogen Citrate. 
 
 Gallicum 
 
 Gallic Acid. 
 
 Trlhydrozybenzolc Acid. 
 
 Hydrobromicum 
 Dilutum 
 
 Dtlnted Hydrobromic Acid 
 Diluted Bromhydric Acid. 
 
 Strinoth and 
 SpBciric GaAviTr. 
 
 Chbhical 
 
 coh position. 
 
 33 per wsnt. V HC.H ,0, or 
 Spedfic gravity, i<44. /CH.COOH. 
 J Mol. wt. 39-58. 
 
 i'97 per cent. HC,H,0, or 
 
 Specific gravity, I 006. CH.COOH. 
 
 ' I 
 
 09 per cent. ' HC.H.O, or 
 
 bgeclfic gra vity, roja. I CH,COOH. 
 
 100 per cent. a* q 
 
 whi;;«>ud. , Mo*i :;,.393..«. 
 
 lo--' per cent. 
 White crystals. 
 
 100 per cent. 
 
 Colorless crystak. 
 
 909 per cent. 
 Sp.gr. 1-064-1 -063. 
 
 \ TOO per cent. 
 
 I Crimson crystals. 
 
 ICO percent 
 
 10 p' 
 
 ijpei ty, 1077. 
 
 HC,H,0, or 
 C,H,COOH. 
 MoL nt. 131-13. 
 
 H.BO- or 
 (HO),B. 
 Mol. wt. 61*49. 
 
 C,HaOH. 
 Mol. wt. 93*34. 
 
 C.H.OH. 
 
 Mol. wt. 93'34. 
 
 CrOj. 
 
 Mol. wt. 99*38. 
 
 H,C,H.0,H,O 
 or C.H,-OH- 
 ■;COOH)a,H,0 
 Mol, wt. 308*3. 
 
 HC.H.O.-H.O 
 
 orC,H,(OH ,- 
 
 cooh.Th.o. 
 
 Mol wt. 18663. 
 
 I '-Pr. 
 
 I . -il. wt. 80-35. 
 
 Externally. 
 
 Ill to 2 fl. dr. 
 
 Externally. 
 
 i-6othioi-t5thRr. 
 
 5*o'S*n"fiin!i. 
 5toi5^^rain9. 
 
 I to 3 grains. 
 
 I to 3 min. 
 Externally. 
 
 S to 20 grains. 
 5toi5grain.s. 
 
 15 to 60 min. 
 
 
V f 
 
 SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 ¥' 
 
 
 ACIDA— ConfiHH«(/. 
 
 Names and SvHOHirHs. 
 
 A eidum : 
 
 Hydrochloricum 
 
 Hydrochloric Acid. 
 Muiiatlc Acid. 
 ChlorbydricAcid. 
 Spirit of Suit. 
 
 Hydrochloricum 
 Dilutum 
 
 Diluted Hydrochloric Acid 
 
 Hydrocyanicum 
 
 Dilutum 
 
 Dilated Hydrocyanic Acid. 
 Diluted I'russic Acid. 
 Diluted Cyaiihydric Acid. 
 
 Lacticum 
 
 Lactic Acid. 
 Hydrogen Lactate. 
 
 Nitricum 
 
 I] Uric Acid. 
 Azotic Acid, 
 Aqua Fortis. 
 
 Nitricum Dilutum 
 
 Diluted Nitric Acid. 
 
 Nitro-Hydrochlor. Dil. 
 
 Diluted Nitro- Hydrochloric 
 Acid, I 
 
 Diluted Nitro-Murlatic Acid. 
 Aqua Regla. 
 
 Oleic um 
 
 Oleic Acid. 
 Elalc Acid. 
 Hydrogen Oleate. 
 
 Phosphorlcum 
 
 Concentratum 
 
 Cone. Phosphoric Acid. 
 Concentrated Ortho-Phos 
 pnoric Acid. 
 
 Phosphoricum Dilutum 
 
 Diluted Phosphoric Acid 
 
 Saltcyiicum 
 
 Salicylic Acid. 
 Hydrogen Salicylate. 
 
 Sulphuricum 
 
 Sulphuric Acid. 
 OU of Vitriol. 
 
 Strrngth and 
 Specipil Gravity. 
 
 Chkuical 
 
 Composition. 
 
 3179 per cent. 
 Specific gravity, ri6a. 
 
 :o'38 per c 
 ipecihc gi 
 
 . cent. 
 
 bpeclBc gravity, foil. 
 
 Eipecinc gravity, o'^gy. 
 
 73 per cent. 
 
 iipecifir ;ravity, i'2i. 
 
 70 per cent. 
 
 Specific gravity, 14a. 
 
 >744 per cent, 
 bpecihc gravity, I'loi 
 
 Specific gravity, 1-07. 
 
 100 percent. 
 
 bp. gr., o-89(H)'9io. 
 
 i3' 8 per cent, 
 S pecinc gravity, rot t. 
 
 100 per cent. 
 Colorless xials. 
 Soluble in water 500, 
 Alcohol 3. 
 98 per cent, 
 iapccific gravity. I S43 
 
 HCl. 
 
 Mol, wt. 36'ig. 
 
 HCl. 
 
 Mol. wt. 36' I g. 
 
 HCN. 
 
 Mol. wt, 2685. 
 
 HC.H.O, or 
 CH-.CHOH- 
 •COOH. 
 MoL wt. 89.37. 
 UNO, or 
 HONOj. 
 Mol. wt. 62*58. 
 
 HNO, or 
 
 llONO,. 
 
 Mol. wt. 63-58. 
 
 Tontains CI., 
 HCL, HNO 
 and HNO„ 
 
 HC„H„0,or 
 
 CH:CHtdH,),- 
 
 COOH. 
 
 Mot. wt. 280-14. 
 
 H,PO. or 
 (HO)3pO. 
 Mol. wt. 97-32. 
 
 H.PO.or 
 
 Mol. wt. 97'33. 
 HC.HjO, or 
 
 •COOH. 
 Mol. wt. I37"0i. 
 H.SOiOr 
 (HO), SO,. 
 Mol. wL 97-34, 
 
 Externally. 
 
 5 to 20 min. 
 2 to 6 min. 
 (5 to 15 min.) 
 Externally. 
 
 5 to 20 min. 
 5 lo 20 min. 
 
 (i to 4 min.) 
 
 5 to 20 min. 
 5t0 2ograiii.s 
 

 A^,,So^ 
 

 *' 'i*t^ 
 
 '^•^«^W-«^ 
 
 .^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 
 
A^V Jit— V/ATEILU. 
 
 AC\0 A— COHliHutd. 
 
 Nahks and Symonvmi. 
 
 Aeidnm: 
 Sulphuricum 
 Aromaticum 
 
 Aromatic SulpburLc Acl<l. 
 Elixir Vhrjul. 
 
 SufpKurTcum Dilutum 
 
 Diluted Suljjburlc Acid. 
 
 S ulphurousun fi 
 
 Sulphurous Add. 
 
 Tannicum 
 
 Taiinio Acid. 
 GallotanniQ Add. 
 Tunnin. 
 
 Tartaricum 
 
 Tartaric Acid. 
 Hydrogen Tartraie. 
 
 StRKNOTH AMD 
 
 SpKciric Gravitv, 
 
 t ','8 pLT Ci'lit, 
 
 iip. gr. o 93i— o'936. 
 
 n_fijpercj:nt 
 SpUcIuc gravity, 109; 
 
 per cent. S^ 
 4 in r c ent. «^j 
 .apflclfic jiravlty , 
 
 i per cent. M,. 
 
 84 inr ccnt.TijSO,. 
 
 100 per cent. 
 Cryiitallluu powder. 
 
 CHKMirAL 
 
 CoypoaiTioN. 
 
 H.SO. with 
 
 H .SO. or 
 
 (HO I, SO,. 
 Mol. wt.97'54- 
 H.SO, or 
 
 (KOi,SO. 
 
 Mol. wt. Sr^fi. I 
 
 C,.H,oO,aH,0 J to 5 i^ruins. 
 
 Mol. wi. 3334J. — 
 
 5 tLi 20 min. 
 5 tu 20 min. 
 '.. to I n. dr. 
 
 H,C.H,0,or 
 
 CflOH-CuOH 
 
 tin-oHcooH. 
 
 Mul. wt. 14^*92. 
 
 5to20};rains. 
 
 AQU^. WATERS (Medicated). 
 
 Aqueous solutions of volatile substances. 
 
 Medicated waters are, as a class, mainly simple aromatics, commonly 
 used as vehicles for the administration of the more potent or unpleasant 
 medicinal substances, imparting' to them an ag-reeable flavor and warm 
 carminative qualities. C l^errv T-anrol Wa^f»r must be noted as the 
 exception, it being a highly dangerous preparation, owing to the quantity 
 of t irussic aci d which it contains ; it is standardized to one-tenth per 
 cent, of hydrogen cyanide. 
 
 'P reparatio n. — Two o f the waters are prepared by Simple Solution^ viz. 
 Aqutg Camphora,Chloroformi, whWe the others are made by Distillation ; 
 ten by distilling water with which the crude plant-drug has been well 
 mixed, viz., Aqua Anethi, Anisi,Aurantii Floris, Cartti^ Cinnamomi, Faniculi, 
 Laurocerasi, Pimenta, Rosa, Sambiici; while two, Aqua Mentha Piperita, 
 Mentha Viridis, are made by distilling the corresponding essential oil with 
 water. 
 
 Aq. Aurantii Flor. et Aq. Rosa are not prepared by the pliarmacist, 
 but are imported from the manu''acturers of volatile oils, who recover 
 them as a by-product of the extraction of volatile oils : these represent 
 
 A 
 
-.«.«. .o,„.i„„. o?"?,"*- *ATETO-^««,«.. 
 
 r«ctto„. for le.d. . co..„mi„.,i/„ .^^ *• "• J"''' "«"■'<' -how no 
 
 ALIgRNATIVE PllEP*«AT10N»_P„^*H ''A O • 
 
 -nerie.. .h. B.P. »nc.io„. LuL. .:,L'" /"*'/"" ■>"•" '™P-a. 
 P'.c.of thocorrespondinif A<,u, onh^^,"/ ''"''*"""""» *...„ .„ 
 Aou« Olki Ankihi Aki«. r. ""■" "^ 'he Pharmacopoeia. 
 
 ««enii„| oil with twice it. weiJh. "'"'"— T"""-"'" the corre,no„di„,. 
 
 "«". i.s voiumo Of di,.i;rjx i„d fi.'.r.r"'''"''' "•" "« ^^""-^ 
 
 Stokino of Watkrs -Th "'■xture. 
 
 certain of .h.„,edic..ed water, Ihtr^ndeL'tr"™"" "' ""'''^ '" 
 d'spenains. « due to the presence of .n^^^^ "' """-IsMy and unfit for 
 
 «™»"nSh;;^r;:;;3TS«^d of c...dum„h!;'^t °^ '"»»""'->' or calcium 
 preparation of wa.er,-a decided nwS"l? '" "" "'-""Por-neou, 
 «he.r Mlubili.y (though .light), the „,,.! P™"'"' «»• ""ingto 
 
 ...d Will cau« decompo.i.fo'n^'h Zy 'Xt^T" T '-''■"^ «"<-<^-. 
 w.lh which they may be dispensed " '"'' •"'"loid.l salt,, 
 
 N«HRa AND SrNONVMa. 
 
 iNOREDIBMTS AND 
 I'KOCBSS. 
 
 Strbhoth. 
 
 ' in ID. 
 1 in lo. 
 
 Anethi 
 
 J Dm WatK. 
 
 I Anist 
 
 J AnlBfl Water, 
 
 I Aurantii Floris 
 
 Oranw Flower Water. 
 Aqua Napha. 
 
 Camphorm i „ 
 
 Ml^i ga Camphor .. ^ ^ tol-Uon. , "°° 
 
 DoBB. 
 
 Fruit, bruised. 
 DlaiilUuon. 
 
 Fruit, bruised. 
 f DiilUIalioo. 
 I Bitter orange 
 
 flowers, fresh. 
 ' DisUlklloD. 
 
 .'Sat. s, r!Wto,fl.„B,, I 
 I easeniialo.l. ' ' 
 
 (l toift.oa.) I 
 

 
 
 ^S=l^^l>=-« 
 
 ''<t<^ 
 
 <^. 
 
 - 2 cr. 
 
 ^ 
 
 '^ 
 
 ^- - 2. 
 
 t*^ >zv^ 
 
 >^-^^- ~/'7^*^^ 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 ■ ^/u^^- -t^,.^^:;^^ 
 
Xltw^J 
 
 ,-<r 
 
 >fci^ {^fT* 
 
 'y,£iw*^ 
 
 
 _,^^^-w .^ ^A.^-^ 
 
rOLLUDIA— COLLUDIOHH. 
 
 •J 
 
 Nunr 
 
 Carui 
 
 Cuingr Waur. 
 
 Chloroformi 
 CUorolDnii Wwr. 
 
 Cinnamomi 
 
 CUuamoa Water. 
 
 Ontillata 
 
 UialllU Wauc. 
 Fosniculi 
 
 VwiimI Water, 
 
 Laurocara^ i 
 
 Caenjr- Laurel Water. 
 
 Manthn Piperitaa 
 
 Pappermlut Water. 
 
 Menthas Viridli 
 
 Spaarmlat Water, 
 
 Pimenta 
 
 Finwoto Water. 
 AUifilM Water. 
 
 Rosaa 
 
 KsMWauf. 
 
 Sambuci 
 
 EUar Flower Water. 
 
 IttOBtPIIINTa AND 
 
 Fttocaaa. 
 
 Fruit, bruiMMl. 
 DlHlUatloti. 
 
 Chloroform & wnter, 
 btilutltut. 
 
 Bark, bruiHtl, 
 
 UlaUUatlon, 
 
 Water. 
 
 UlaullaUoo. 
 
 Fruit, bniiiied. 
 UlatiUoUoa. 
 
 Lenves, fresh, 
 
 UatllUtion ujid btati- 
 tl4rdl<atl(»n. 
 
 Oil of peppertntnl, 
 UlaiilUtluu. 
 
 Oil of npearmint, 
 UlatllWltui, 
 
 Fruit, bruised, 
 
 l>iBitlUtlun, 
 
 Flowers, fresh. 
 UistlllaUoti. 
 
 Flowers, fresh, 
 Dutlllatiou, 
 
 I in lo. ]{<i tolA. ois.) 
 
 I in 400. Ls toifl, ois,) 
 (vol,) I 
 
 I in to, ^'i toifl, uis.) 
 
 Standardized 
 tO|^|..c.HCN 
 
 t in 1500. 
 
 I in 1500, 
 
 Sat. sol. of 
 essential oil. 
 lfX> p, c. 
 
 {!i to J fl, OIS.) 
 
 K to > ft. dra. 
 Hi loifl. on.) 
 
 (>^ toifl. CIS.) 
 (^^ toifl. OIS.) 
 
 i!i luifl. OIS.) 
 
 Ci to 2 n, OM.) 
 
 COLLODIA. COLLODIONS. 
 
 Solution.., for external use only, of pyroxylin (gun cotton) in iicelic 
 ether, or tn a mixture ol ether and rectified spirits, either with or without 
 medicatton. 
 
 Uses.— When collodions are to be applied lo a dry surface, the ether 
 (and alcohol, tf prc.ient) quickly evaporates, leaving a more or less 
 adliestve film upon the skin, which is not affected by water. 
 
 The unmedicated collodions are often used instead of adhesive or 
 
 islnglasa plaster, for the purpose of covering and protecting abraded 
 
 surfaces or ulcers, or to hold together the edges of minor wound.s, or to 
 
 prevent bedsores. The powerfully contractile power of Co/Wium often 
 
 renders its use painful, hence Collodium Fu/iU is usually preferred, 
 
 . ?■* i! * '^'' ""*'• "" ""-■ ewporat'on of the volatile solvent, a soft, 
 elastic film remains. 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 COLLODIA. COLLODIONS-c.«,»„j. 
 
 tannin, extract Indian hemp croton oM '"""""'' ph oride, salirylic acid, 
 -in fact almost any etheSnwi" ub° tance?"'"' ""''"°™' """""'"s, etc' 
 
 sho„,dTe™ke7ir°^h"^;°rK-d'b:.Ues'i'^ "'''""A '"'"' ""= -"•««°" 
 the inflammable natfre of both ,hf pyroxvLT/ ?'=^' T** >>«""» of 
 
 brnsh, to prevent the latter frorndfyin^SmlrveT' ''"" '?"'"* *"« 
 rence. No cllodion should be perm "ted to remV ^ annoyng: occur- 
 bottle, to avoid "setting" the cofk " °" ""^ ''P of the 
 
 COLLODIA. 
 
 ^ Thr« Officu,Ho„ejim/,U and t^o compound) Collodion! 
 
 Collodium 
 Collodiunn Flexile 
 Collodium Vesicar 
 
 Synonyms. 
 
 Collodion. 
 ConlraclUe Collodion. 
 
 Flexible Collodion. 
 Collodium ElasUcum. 
 
 Blisterlne Collodion. 
 Ca'"5j'i''4C.llodion, 
 n , U » vU ^,^ U liqiid"" 
 
 Ingredients. 
 
 Pyroxylin I In 
 
 48. 
 Ether and Ale. 
 
 Can, Balsam 7. 
 Castor oil I 
 Collodion 48 
 
 Pyroxylin i 
 mistering 
 
 Reiiakks. 
 
 Yields closeW 
 adhering filai. 
 
 Yields an elas- 
 tic film. 
 
 Epispasllcand 
 vesicant. 
 
 DECOCTA. DECOCTIONS 
 
 ^-e::;tix^^rt:r.°^ ^'-'^™- — - 
 
 .en iTerrr ho:;!:': '°"^'i '°"'""""'' '-- ^^"^ -- ^"^ 
 ^;;^ponrin.en.;t:;i;:^:r:::^;rt:::r^;:i-^^^ 
 
 make the required volume strainer to 
 
 enabi^^rz^-:::-^^;:^:^:---^:;:^'^ 
 
 pies, by the gradually hoat^rf .1=.,. 1, soluble princi- 
 
 r , ., s »uuaiiy neated water, subsequent coaeulation of n,. „ik 
 
 n^inous matter takin^place as the heat is^ncrea.sed^ot:r:L poi:'.":; , 
 

 y^ 
 
 
 i''>--^^*X-»,-0--«.-&-*-V' 
 
 (i^V'to-^fc^^i^i^^-^ - 
 
 "/-^ 
 
^/ ^r^^ ^=^0.^- 
 
 b 
 
 '^' ^<£/^ 
 
 :J 
 
 (UM WuyiL OU9, 
 
 
 (/^o^-3*-<^ 
 
 
DECOCTA— DECOCTIONS. 
 
 A 
 
 ^ 
 
 ebull,l,on. If the drug were to be at once placed into boiling water, the 
 albummous contents of the cells would become coagulated, and thus 
 greatly hinder the extraction of other native constituents. 
 
 JNCOMPATIBLES. -Salts of the heavy metals yield unsatisfactory dark- 
 colored preparations (chiefly tannates) owing to the presence of tannin in 
 most drugs represented in the Decoctions. For the same reason, these 
 preparations should never be made in metallic vessels. 
 
 C5UTioN._The dilution of fluid extracts or other concentrated 
 alcohoLc preparations, for the purpose of furnishing Decoctions extempo- 
 raneously, ,s reprehensible on therapeutical grounds, as rarely do the 
 alcoholic preparations contain the same plant constituents that may be 
 extracted with water. 
 
 Concentrated Decoctions.-A number of decoctions have been 
 deleted from the Pharmacopoeia, so that at present, three only are recog- 
 nized under the specific title. A concentrated decoction is, however 
 oflicial under the title Liquor Sana Compo$itm Concentratus, Concentrated 
 Compound Solution of SarsapariUa, evidently intended to be diluted with 
 seven times its volume of water, ■ Id a preparation of the same strength 
 
 as Decoctum Sana Comfositum , obsolete Pharmacopeia of i88= 
 
 differing from it only in that the i> liquor will contain a small quantity 
 
 of ethylic alcohol. 
 
 The Concentrated Liquor contains sarsapariUa, sassafras, guaiacum 
 wood, hquorice root and mezereon bark. The process involves 
 infusion and decoction, and to the evaporated solution, alcohol, 90 per 
 cent., is added, as a preservative. 
 
 DECOCTA. 
 
 r*r« Official Decoctions. 
 
 Naurs and Syhonvms. 
 
 Decoctum : 
 
 Aloes Composltum 
 
 Comp. Decoction Aloes. 
 Uaume de Vic. 
 
 Granati Corticis 
 
 Deooct. Pomegranate Root. 
 
 Haematoxyli 
 
 Decoction Logwood. 
 
 Ext. Aloes, myrrh, saf- 
 fron, p otass r.^| > ext. 
 liquorice, comp. tinct, 
 cardam. and water. 
 
 Bark, 10 powd. 
 
 Heart-wood, cliips and 
 bruised cinnamon 
 bark. 
 
 Strknoth. 
 
 Ext. aloes 
 I in 100 
 
 I logwood 
 in 20 
 
 l^ to 2 fl. 02. 
 
 >i to 2 fl. oz. 
 }i to 2 fl. oz. 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
1 
 
EXTRACTA LIQUIDA— LIOl'ID EXTRACTS. 
 
 s Hi 
 
 3 -8 SI 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P, PREPARATIONS. 
 

 -A-^— /if 70 < r u ^ .- /C ^ 
 
 

 ^ - 
 
 ^a^ *x2 
 
 
 *.i<fc^ 
 
 II 
 
OLmlllNA— OLVCmiN*. 
 
 QLYCERINA. GLYCERINS, (glvcerolm. Glvcmites.) 
 
 Stable solution!! of medicinal Hubilancen in fclycerin. Tney are 
 principally prepared by tritur.itini; llin mcdiciting infrrcdient with glycerin, 
 in tome instiiticei complelin); the solution by healing, with con.st.int 
 (tlrring. Glycerin of Pepsin and Glycerin of Lead Subaccliite are pre- 
 pared by digestion. 
 
 I'KKMANENCV.— Glycerins kerp well, owing to the antiseptic proper, 
 ties i)f the solvL-nt and vehicle, which protects sensitive compounds from 
 oxidation and change, yielding permanent solutions, which are readily 
 miscible with water, even though thcj may contain oily or resinous 
 substances. 
 
 The strengths indicated in the suDJoined table are only approximate. 
 
 
 QLYCERINA. 
 
 
 
 Ning Official Qlyetri 
 
 ii. 
 
 
 
 Nahks and SvNONVya. 
 
 Imgiiko^ents. 
 
 Stkehoth. 
 
 Do« AND 
 
 
 
 
 Rkmarks. 
 
 Olyetrinum : 
 
 
 
 
 Acidi Borici 
 
 Bjric acid and 
 
 5o percent. 
 
 boro-slyccrln 
 
 
 Cryoetin of Boric Acid. 
 
 glycerin. 
 
 
 Glycerin of Boro-Glycerin, 
 
 
 or I boric acid 
 
 
 Glycc.-in of Glyceryl Borate. 
 Solution of Be '^rlt'e. 
 
 
 In 3!^ iwt.). 
 
 
 
 
 
 Acidi Carbolic. 
 
 Carbolic acid and 
 
 J.ln7K(wt.). 
 
 (S to 2omin.) 
 
 Glycerin of Carbolic Acid. 
 
 glycerin. 
 
 TnrJlVBi:?5 
 
 
 Glyoerln of Phenol. 
 
 
 
 
 Acid) Tannici 
 
 Tannic acid and 
 
 1 In 7]i (wi.), 
 
 (ioto4omi[..) 
 
 Glycerin of Tannic Acid 
 
 g-jycerin. 
 
 linsWtvol.). 
 
 
 Glycerin of Tannin. 
 
 
 
 
 Aluminis 
 
 Alum, water and 
 
 I in 9 (wt.). 
 
 Externally. 
 
 Glycerin of Alum 
 
 glycerin. 
 
 I In en (vol.). 
 
 Amyli 
 
 Starch, water and 
 
 I in ro(wt.l. 
 
 Ezciplent, oint- 
 
 Glycerin of Starch. 
 
 glycerin. 
 
 linSJ^tvol.). 
 
 ment base and 
 
 PliUma. 
 
 
 
 poultice. 
 
 Glyeamyl. 
 
 
 
 
 Boracis 
 
 Borax and glycerin. 
 
 I In 7 (wt,). 
 
 (KtoiJifl.dr.) 
 
 Glycerin of Borai 
 
 
 1 tnej^ (vol.). 
 
 
 Pepsini 
 
 Pepsin, HCI., water 
 
 5 m. In each 
 nuiddrachoi. 
 
 r to 2 fl. dr. 
 
 Giycerin of Pepsin. 
 
 and glycerin. 
 
 
 Plumbi Subacetatis 
 
 Pb.Ac, Pb.O., 
 
 I in 4 (wt-). 
 
 Externally. 
 Excipient. 
 
 Glyc. Subacetate of Lead. 
 
 Tragacanthae 
 
 Glycerin Tragacanth. 
 
 wate r and glyceri n . 
 
 I In 3« (vol.). 
 
 I in 5ji fwt.). 
 I in 4% (vol.). 
 
 Tragacantb, powdered, 
 water and glyce :n. 
 
railPAIIATIONa, 
 
1 
 
^ircc 
 
 TT'i'^^- 
 
 ^^-j^ 
 
 
 
 y~</ 
 

 3 
 
 X X 
 
 r ~ 
 
 _X •s; m; X 
 
 I I 
 
 8 8 
 
 ^ £-3 >- .si 
 g i-i * ft 
 
 I II I I'* 
 
 
 Sig 
 
 i I 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 
 ' E § 
 
 O -3 
 
 iS 
 
 HZ = s 
 
 s •■= s 2 = 
 
 D •8 
 
 S < a 
 
 lof 
 
 4 ■£ -a 
 
 < 
 
 = 1 Ell olS|S|o.^S||-s|W| 
 
 m (J 
 
 <J O o O O 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P, PREPARATIONS. 
 
 
 a; 
 
 y y y y X Xl y 
 
 < 
 
 (0 
 
 3 
 
 - ¥* » 
 
 §§1 EL 
 ■SSB * 
 
 = 5 E 2 
 
 <^ ^ 
 
 
 
 SL 
 
 
 !§■ ? 
 
 'Si's 8 
 
 2 E 
 « o 
 
 I 
 
 3 a 
 
 -.eg 
 
 i ^ O" tr (T 10 <rt 10 crt 
 
INJECTIONBS HVPODKRHIC/B— HYPODERMIC INJECTIONS. 
 
 1 
 
 INJECTIONES HYPODERMIC/E. ^"^ ^^ 
 HYPODERMIC INJECTIONS. 
 
 P«rf«rt fi^lnjinn. of medicinal substances, to be conveyed to the sub- 
 cutaneous tissue, by means of a liypodermic syringe. 
 
 Rapid absorption follows this mode of administration, through the 
 lymphatics and capillary vessels, furnishing the advantage of the full 
 action of the amount of drug used, without any possible changes, from 
 intestinal secretions or processes. 
 
 Sterilization — In order to avoid the formation of abscesses or 
 sloughing, toth tlie solution and syringe should be sterile, and the point 
 of the instrument free f. om rust or other foreign matter. It is not desired 
 that solutions for hypodermic use shall be prepared as " stock solutions," 
 but that they be freshly prepared, using distilled water that has been 
 sterilized by recent thorough boiling ; this is especially necessary with 
 solutions of alkaloids, which soon develop fmcillium, which often grows 
 at the expense of the alkaloid. Although not officially enjoined, it is a 
 wise precaution to render the appliances aseptic, and therefore the test- 
 tube (or other vessel) in which the solution is to be made, as well as the 
 bottle in which it is to be dispensed, should be rinsed with boiling distilled 
 water, and dried in an oven at about aoo^^C. 
 
 With a view to still further ensure the protection of these solutions, 
 the B.P. instructs the addition of minute quantities of certain antiseptic 
 agents, as salicylic acid and phenol. ^^^— ^-.— 
 
 INJECTIONES HYPODERMIOE 
 Four Official Hypodtrmic Injections. 
 
 £.^ 
 
 Nahbs and Synomyhs. 
 
 Ifgtetio Hypodermica : 
 
 Apomorphinse 
 
 Hypodennic Injection of 
 Apomorpbino, 
 
 Ergotaa 
 
 Hypodennic Inject. Ergot. 
 Hypodarm Inject. Ei^otln. 
 
 Morphinae 
 
 Hypodormlo Injection of 
 iiorphlne. 
 
 Cocainse 
 
 Hfpodanaio Injection of 
 Cocaine. 
 
 Inoridibnts. 
 
 Iilorlde, dilute hydro- 
 chloric add and water, 
 
 Extract erfcot, phenol 
 and water. 
 
 Morphine tartrate and 
 water. 
 
 Cocaine hjrdrochlorlde, 
 salicylic add and water 
 
 33 grains in no 
 minims 
 
 SUBCUTAHEOUS 
 DOSB. 
 
 5 to lo min. 
 
 3 to lo min. 
 
 2 lo 5 min. 
 
 3 to 5 min. 
 
 
 ^ 
 
SVNOP8IS or B, r. PUPARATIOm. 
 
 
 LINIMENTA. LINIMENTS. 
 
 
 Liquid or semi-tiquid preparations, which are intended for external use 
 
 
 by applying- to the skin with inunction. Oils* soaps, and alcohol represent 
 
 
 the vehicles through which medication is effected. 
 
 
 
 
 chief medicating ingredient, are applied by means of a camel's-bair brush. 
 
 
 Dispensing. — Inasmuch as the accidental internal administration of 
 
 
 many of these preparations is likely to cause unpleasant or grave results, 
 
 
 it is a commendable precaution to label them " Liniment. For External 
 
 
 Use Only I" or ** Poison I" Ijowever, when liniments are dispensed on 
 
 
 the order of a medical practitioner, the latter warning label should be 
 
 
 used only when so ordered. 
 
 
 LINIMENTA. 
 
 
 Fifteen Official Liniments, i 
 
 
 Names amd Synohvus. 
 
 iNOKaDIBNTS. 
 
 Stismoth. PaocBsa 
 
 
 L — Extracts of Roots Containing Camphor in Solution. — Two. 
 
 
 Lfnimfli/iim: 
 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 Aconiti 
 
 Root, 40 powder, cam- 
 phor and alcohol. 
 
 I in 1% 
 
 Maceration and 
 
 
 Liniment Aconite. 
 
 
 Percolatloa 
 
 -r 
 
 Belladonnae 
 
 Liniment Belladonna. 
 
 LIq. exL belladonna, al- 
 eonol, canpRSr" and 
 water. 
 
 1 in 2 
 
 Solution. 
 
 
 IL Containing Camphor as a Basis.— Five. 
 
 X 
 
 Camphorae 
 
 Liniment Camphor. 
 Camphorated Oil. 
 
 Camphor flowers and 
 oUve oU. 
 
 I in 5. 
 
 Solution. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Camphorae 
 
 Camphor, oil lavender, 
 
 Liq. am fort, 
 
 Solution. 
 
 
 Ammoniatum 
 
 alcohol and strong sol. 
 ammonia. 
 
 1 in 4. 
 
 
 
 Ammoniated Lin. Camphor. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Comp. Camphor Liniment. 
 
 
 
 
 V 
 
 Saponis 
 
 Liniment Soap. 
 
 Soft soap, camphor, oil 
 rosemary, alcohol and 
 water. 
 
 I in 10 nearly 
 
 Maceration. 
 
 
 Sinapis 
 
 Volatile oil mustard, 
 
 on mustard 
 
 Solution. 
 
 
 Liniment Mustard. 
 
 ciiBpllui - — castor oil 
 and alcohol 
 
 I In 27. 
 
 
 
 Terebinthinae 
 
 Soft soap, camphor, oil 
 
 lurpencine iuid water. 
 
 Oil turpentine 
 
 Emulsif. 
 
 
 
 iiniji 
 
 
LINIMXNTA— LINIHtNTS. 
 
 AV 
 
 LINIMENTA-c»i>ii>iiu.(. 
 
 III. CONTAININ.J (.AMPllOR I.INIMKNT As A BASIS. 
 L^JIlMfHllfl 
 
 
 . 
 
 Chloroformi 
 
 Linlnwoi Cfaloroform 
 
 Hydrargyri 
 
 LittlmcDt Mercury. 
 
 Terebinth inaeAceticum 
 
 Untment Turpentine and 
 
 Aoeilo Acid. 
 "St. John L.giig'f Uniment.' 
 
 Chloroform and caninhor 
 Uniment. 
 
 OInt, mercury, sironK 
 iolullon Ammonia and 
 Camphor Untment. 
 
 Oil turpentine, camphor 
 Uniment and glaciuj 
 acetic actd, ' " 
 
 I In 3, or 
 BMrcuryiSp.e. 
 
 I in 2 ^2 
 
 Ammoniae 
 
 Iflnlmeat Ammonia. 
 
 Calcis 
 
 Untment Lime. 
 Carroo Oil, 
 
 Crotonis 
 
 Untment Croton Oil. 
 
 Potas. lodtdi c. Saponis 
 
 Lin. Potauium Iodide with 
 boap. 
 
 IV. Containing no Campho::.— Foik. 
 
 Solution ammonia, olWe 
 and aljgmid oilg. 
 
 Soltillon time, olive oit. 
 
 01I« croton and eajuput, 
 and aicohol. 
 
 Curd soap, KI., glycerin, 
 oil iemon, water. 
 
 I in 4 
 I in 3 
 
 I in 8 
 I in 9 
 
 Thrkk. 
 
 Solution. 
 Kmulsif. 
 Eniulsif. 
 
 Emula if. 
 Saponir. 
 
 Solution. 
 
 Digestion and 
 Trttoratloa. 
 
 V. Containing Soap Liniment as a Basis.— Onr. 
 
 F", ^ I Tincture ophim and I I in a Solution. 
 
 Untment Opium. ' — »- n^i I -wiuiiwn. 
 
 Aoodyne UclmBnt. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 L^X/^ 1'^^ ^ A..^,— / - 
 
 liA-^^-i"-*. 
 
 'Si-^ 
 
 L. 
 
•VNOnil or 1. T. PKtPAIIATIOHI. 
 
^i 
 
 I 
 
 
 ' 
 
 I 
 
 ] 
 
 
 1 
 
 
Liguu«lw - aOLUTIOKK. 
 
 -c 1i B .9 
 -n -oS is " ^ o « C 
 
 l||3|xii|f 
 
 
 si* !b 111°-???'^== 2 0. HI 
 
 (Atnt^ ^ t^i 
 
 
 
 < 
 
 •If 
 
■VNOPSIS OF B. r. PRBPARATIOH8. 
 
 >» 
 
 E 
 
 f 
 
 i 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 <2 
 
 % 
 
 ]J 
 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 >. 
 
 tB 
 
 m 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 ■* 
 
 E 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 f« 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 = 
 
 
 1 
 
 c 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 '5 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■3 
 
 
 s 
 
 ^ 
 
l^ 
 
 
 sn: 
 
 V 
 1 
 
 >^ 
 
 ^ 
 
{'■i. 
 
UguORBS — SOLUTIONS. 
 
 J3 a rt" 
 » 3 Mil 
 
 ^■il "1 loll «l 
 
SYNOPSIS or B. r. preparatiohs. 
 
 *l\ 
 
-^ >o 
 
 sJ^J 
 
LiguOSBS— aOLUTIOMl, 
 
 Jjiiilfili I 
 
 ik 
 
 HgO 
 
 S^S 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. r. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 I. Ik 
 
 h 
 Z 
 u 
 O 
 z 
 o 
 o 
 
 (0 
 
 u 
 
 K 
 O 
 
 3 
 O 
 
 I 
 
 d 
 2 
 
 k 
 
 ti. 
 
 V \ 
 
 If 
 
 3' 
 
LlOUOmia CORCIHTIIATI— CONCIHTaATIO •OLUTIONf. 
 
 a 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 at 
 
 S 
 
 
 
 a; 
 
 .0 
 
 3 
 
 I 
 
 ■6 
 
 5 
 
 ^ 
 
 ft 
 
 2 
 
 •i 
 
 6 
 
 .S 
 
 glJ 
 
 r a S 9 9 
 
 "5 i = B S«SSj SB £i"-'0l3 «E3 „ 
 
 g-isg isgg ASS'oSs £§§ §§1 g 
 
 aCSoO Eouu = oo £ ou « uO » oo » 
 
 o >£ o" a CO « CO 
 
 c a 
 
 <3<3 
 
•rHonn o» ». j. raiMiAnom. 
 
 L0TI0NE8. LOTIONS. (Wa«hu). 
 
 AquMu. liquid prepantiona, for ntemal .pplication u wa>li«., or fay 
 !'!'!! "^ """''" """" """" »"•* "PPlyinR to <he «ir«:l«d part. 
 Uiwd not .imply for tlie purpoM of influencing external «urfac», but 
 «ap-lying tiuuea aa welL 
 
 Two Offititl Lolioni. 
 Lotio Hydrifgyri Fl«v«. Yellow Merrurial Lotion. Yellow Waah. 
 Yellow Phaged«nica Water. iNORaDiiHTa.— Mercuric chloride 
 
 ounce. PRODUCT.-Yellow mercuric oxide deporiled in a aoluUan 
 of calcium chloride. -~— »■■■ 
 
 Lotio Hydrargyri H\gt*. Black Mercurial Lotion. Black Waah. 
 Blaik PhaKcdanlca Water. Ihorioients.— Mercuroua chlorkte, 
 Cl^cenn, m ucilaife of trafracan th and solution of lime. Stumoth.— 
 I in 146, or 3 grams in one fluid ounce. PaoDUCT.—Bhwk marcuious 
 oxide luapendrd in a aolution of calcium chloride by meani of rlvcerin 
 and mucilage of tragacanth. 
 
 MELLITA. HONEYS. 
 
 Simple honeya or solutiona of medicinal aubiUncea in honey. 
 Two Offitial Honryt. 
 Mel Depuratum. Clarified Honey. Strained Honey. Mel Deapumatum. 
 Honey melted on a water bath and strained while hot Ihrouirh flannel. 
 Contains about 80 per cent, sugar. 
 
 Mel Boracis. Borax Honey. Contains borax, glycerin and clariOad 
 honey. Strength : Borax i in 9^, 
 
 MISTURyC. MIXTURES. 
 
 Mostly preparations of solid or liquid substances suspended In 
 aqueous liquids by the aid of viscid agents. 
 
 This class represents compounds which cannot bo included in any 
 other distinct and characteristic pharmaceutical group;— Six arc emulsions 
 of oils (Mistura Amygdala, Picini, Spt. Vini Gallic!), or of resins (Mist 
 Ammoniaci, Fern Comp., Guaiaci), in which the oily or resinous substances 
 are emulsified by means of an inherent emulsifacient (Mist. Ammoniaci, 
 Fern Comp., Spt. Vini Gallici), or an added emulsifacienl (Mistune 
 Amygdala, Guaiaci, Ricini). 
 
 One is an aqueous suspension of an insoluble powder, by means of the 
 viscosity resulting from the addition of tragacanth (Mist. Creta:), while 
 Mist. Fern Comp. is both an emulsion of resin (myrrh) and an aqueous 
 suspension of insoluble ferrous carbonate (resulting from a mutual inter- 
 action of ferrous sulphate and polas,i„m carbonate, both i,i solution) in 
 the viscid emulsion, aided by the presence of sugar. 
 

 ■5^ 
 
 J«7 
 
 eC- 
 
 *».-*.<J^ 
 
 
 : I 
 
 t 
 
 
 
UmVRJE — MIXTURES 
 
 35 
 
 u 
 
 Two are simple mixtures of compatible substances, Mistura Creosoti, 
 et Sennae Comp. 
 
 Un official Mixturbs .— The title Mistura also applies to a number 
 of officinal compounds, that are not recognized in the B.P., but which are 
 frequently dispensed; f.^. Mist. Glycyrrhiiae Comp. (Brown Mixture), 
 Rh^ et Sodn, Ferri et Ammonii Acetatis (Bashama Mixture), etc. 
 
 Extemporaneously prepared liquid preparations made according: 
 to the order of the medical practitioner, when intended for internal use, 
 are ^uite commonly termed "Mixtures," especiany*if intended for repeated 
 admmistration. when to be taken at a single dose of one to four fluid 
 ounces, the preparation is often termed "The Draught" (Haustiis)^ or 
 "The Potion" (Potio), while mixtures to be taken in doses of drops, are 
 koown as " The Drops " {Gutta). 
 
 ^ Caution.— Nearly all of the official mixtures, from the very nature of 
 their composi .ion, are not permanent preparations, and hence should not 
 be kept in stock in large quantities, but should be prepared either in small 
 amounts, or only when wanted for use. 
 
 Nina Official MUturts. 
 
 MISTUR>E. 
 
 Nahks and Syhontus. 
 
 MuUtra: 
 
 Ammontaci 
 
 Aaunoniaoum Iflxture. 
 
 Amygdalaa 
 
 Almond UUture. 
 
 Creosoti 
 
 Creoaote Mixture. 
 
 Cretaa 
 
 Chalk Mizton. 
 
 Ferri Composita 
 
 Comp. Mixture of Iron. 
 Griffith's Mixture. 
 
 Guaiaci 
 
 Gaalaaun Mixture. 
 
 Olei Ricini 
 
 CutorOUMUture. 
 
 Sennae Composita 
 
 Comp. Mixture of Senna. 
 B^ pok Dra ught. 
 
 Spiritus Vini Gallici 
 
 Mistura Freneh Btandy. 
 
 Ingrkdirnts and 
 Rkuakks. 
 
 Ammonlacum, Bjrr. mlu 
 and water. Emulsion. 
 
 Comp. almond powflrr 
 and watec. Emulsiun. 
 
 Creosote, spirit juniper, 
 syrup and water. 
 
 Ppd. chalk, powd. traga- 
 
 canth, sugar and cin> 
 
 namon water. 
 Iron tul{ 
 
 Carb., 
 
 spi. nutinegaod sugar. 
 
 Emulsion . 
 Resin gualao, sugar, powd, 
 
 tragacantb, cinnamon 
 
 water. Bmuliioa. 
 
 Castor oil, madlage aea- 
 cia, cinnamon and 
 orange flower waters. 
 Emulsion. 
 
 MgSOf.Uq. ext. liquorice, 
 aromat. spirit a mmoa. . 
 ttjtft ,.gardaair<g. aind 
 lAisIiJU muU. ' 
 
 French brandy, einnam. 
 water .viteUum ovi,sugar 
 
 I in 33. 
 
 I m 9. 
 
 About 1 min. 
 
 in I fl. OS., or 
 
 I In 4S0. 
 I chalk in 33. 
 I3grs.ln I fl. 
 
 oz. 
 3*5 grs. solph. 
 
 Iron, or 
 3 grs.carb.lron 
 
 in each fl. oz. 
 I tn 42. 
 ^igrs.intfl.oz. 
 
 3 fl. drs. In I 
 
 fl. OS. 
 
 I ox. MgSO«, 
 
 3*35 dr. sens 
 in 4 fl. ozs. 
 
 : in 2^. 
 
 Dots. 
 
 >^ to I fl. oz. 
 % to I fl. ox. 
 >^ to I fl. oz. 
 1^ to 1 fl. oz. 
 I3 to 1 fl. oz. 
 
 >^ to I fi. oz. 
 
 I to 3 fl. oz. 
 
 as a draug^ht. 
 
 I to 3 fl. oz. 
 
 asadraug-ht. 
 
 I to 3 fl. ox. 
 
36 
 
 (VMorais or b. p. preparations. 
 
 MUCILAGINES. MUCILAGES. 
 
 Viscid, adh«esive, tenacious solutions, or opaque semi-solid jetliea, 
 obtained by macerating' or dig^esting- gums, or substances containingr auch 
 constituents, with water. 
 
 Used chiefly as vehicles, emulsifacients and excipients, also for the 
 purpose of affixing: labels to bottles or other containers. 
 
 These preparations are comparatively short-lived, and hence fldwold 
 be made only in small quantities ; they gradually acquire an acid 
 reaction, an offensive odor, and become thinner in consistence. 
 
 When not required for medicinal uses, mucilages may be preserved, 
 or the changes just mentioned retarded, by the addition of 
 glycerin, alum, or the oils of clove, sassafras o r thym 
 
 Two Official Uucih^s. **^ ^ .:^^U,irZ^ 
 
 Mucilage Acaciae. Mucilage. Mucilag^e Gum Ancia. Dinolve g^um 
 acacia in water with ai^itation. Best accomplished bjr using coarsely 
 powdered gum and solving by circulatory displacement. 
 Strength ; about l in 2 <^ 
 
 Mucilago Tragacanthae Mucilage Tragacanth. Powdered tragacanth, 
 alcoho l and water. SolutioM by intervention. Strength : i in 80. 
 
 OLEA PINGUIA. FIXED OILS. 
 
 Solid or liquid inflammable substances, which are unctuous to the 
 touch, and leave a permanent greasy stain on bibulous paper, whicli !s 
 unalTected by heat. If liquid at ordinary temperatures, they constitute 
 the jixed oUs proper, and if solid they are termed fats. 
 
 Solvents. — They are all insoluble in water, and sparingly soluble in 
 cold alcohol (excepting Croton and Castor Oils, which are quite soluble in 
 alcohol), but readily dissolved by ether, chloroform, carbon disulphide, 
 benzol, benzine, and volatile oils. 
 
 Composition. — Mixtures of two or more fatty principles, having 
 different fusing and congealing points, and which may be separated from 
 each other by fractional refrigeration. These fatty principles are the esters 
 of the higher members of the fatty pcids, the triatomic alcohol being 
 glycerin, and the basylous radicle glyceryl or propenyl. In most cases 
 they are composed of at least three proximate principles ; Olein, 
 CtH.(C,«H„Oj„ Palmitin, C,H, (C„H,,OJ„ and Stearin,C,H. 
 (C,iH,, Og),, which are respectively, oleate. palmitaU and Uearate of 
 glyceryl. Olein is a liquid, while palmitin and stearin are solids. 
 

OLBA PINGUIA — FIXKD OILS. 
 
 37 
 
 Preparation. — The fats aro ubtainuU irom the sources yielding 
 them ; by expression, either hot (Butter of Cacao) or cold (Olive Oil), or 
 by boiling with water, the oil separating and rising as a superimposed layer, 
 or by fusion (Lard, Suet), or by extraction with a suitable volatile solvent, 
 and the subsequent removal of tlie solvent by evaporation or distillation. 
 
 Saponification.— When treated with hot alkaliii, or heated with 
 metallic oxides in the presence of water, or acted upon by superheated 
 steam, the fats are saponified, the products being metallic salts of the 
 fatty adds. The alkalies furnish soluble soapil, while the alkali-earths and 
 metallic oxides yield insoluble soaps (Lead Plaster, Iron Plaster, etc.). Soda 
 soaps are hard (Castile Soap), while Potash soaps are soft (Green Soap). 
 
 Preservation.— On exposure to air, the fats decompose slowly and 
 acquire an acrid, disagreeable odor and taste, and an acid reaction ; 
 they are then said to be raneul, and are unfit for internal administration or 
 outward application. To avoid, or at least to retard these changes, they 
 should be kept in a cool, dry place, protected from light, and in air.tight 
 receptacles. 
 
 OLEA PINGUIA. 
 
 Sivtntem Official Fixed Oils and Fats (iHcludiHg two Mgdieaitd OUs.) 
 
 Names and Synonyms. 
 
 SouKCEs. Ingredients. 
 
 Process. 
 Spec. Gravity. 
 
 Dobs. 
 Rruarxs. 
 
 True Fixed Oils. Ligum at Ordinary Temperatures. 
 
 Oltim: 
 
 Amygdalae 
 
 Almond Oil. iPruHHs Amytctialus var. 
 
 ammra vtl duleis). 
 
 Bxpressed Oil Almond. 
 
 Crotcnis 
 
 Croton Oil. 
 Oleum TigUi. 
 
 Lini 
 
 Unseed on. 
 Fluieed Oil. 
 
 Morrhuae 
 
 Cod Liver Oil. 
 Oleum Jccorja Aselll. 
 
 Olivae 
 
 OlWe Oil. 
 Sweet Oil. 
 
 Phosphoratum 
 
 Phoipborated Oil. 
 
 Ricini 
 
 Cftstor Oil. 
 
 Bitter or Sweet Almond, I Expres^on. 
 /D ^-...j., gijtoo-gaa 
 
 Croton Seeds (Cretm 
 Ttglium). 
 
 Linseed iLinum laita' 
 tiasimum). 
 
 Fresh Liver of Cod 
 (Gadut morrhua). 
 
 Ripe Olive Fruit (O'm 
 titnp4a). 
 
 Phosphorus dissolved In 
 olive olt I in loo. 
 
 Castor seed (Rieinm 
 eommwtis} 
 
 RxpreMlon. 
 0-940 to 0*960. 
 
 Cold Bxpr«.ss. 
 o 930 to 0-940. 
 
 HotBxtraction 
 Refrigeration 
 and express 
 0930 to 0930. 
 
 Expression 
 0914 to 0-919. 
 
 Digestion . 
 
 Expresd(>n 
 o'gjo to 0*970. 
 
 Ad Ubitum. 
 ^ to I min. 
 
 I to 4 fl. dr. 
 
 Ad libitum. 
 
 t to 5 min. 
 I to 8 H. dr. 
 
■F 
 
 tVNOPSII OP B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 
 OLEA PINGUIA-<.<»'"~«< 
 
 Namkb and Symonvma, 
 
 SOVRCRI. tNORBDItMTt. 
 
 pROCRSa.. 
 
 Spec. GnAViTV. 
 
 Dos*. 
 
 RBMAKKa,* 
 
 Also: 
 
 
 Linimentum 
 
 [ 
 
 
 
 Camphorae 
 
 Camphor dlHolwl to 
 
 SoluUon. 
 
 ExtenuOlj. 
 
 Camphor Liniment. 
 
 Olive OIL I in 3. 
 
 
 
 Campborated Oil. 
 
 
 
 
 Paraffinum Liquidum 
 
 Petroleum. 
 
 Frac. Dlitlll. 
 
 Non-sapon- 
 
 Liquid Paraffin. 
 
 
 o'SHs to 0.890. 
 Boiling point, 
 6Bo»F. isfo-C > 
 
 ifiable. 
 
 Paraffin Oil. 
 
 
 
 Petroleum Oil. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Adeps 
 
 
 Fiutonand 
 
 Ointment 
 
 Lard. 
 
 Axungla Pordna. 
 
 (Sum lero/a). 
 
 Melts: loo^F. 
 
 base. 
 
 Purified laid. 
 
 ' 
 
 (3r8»C.) 
 
 
 Adeps Benzoatus 
 
 Powdered Denioln (13). 
 
 Digestion and 
 
 Ointment Basv. 
 
 Benzoated lard. 
 
 Lard (300). 
 
 CoUtlOD. 
 
 
 Adeps Induratus 
 
 Indurated lard 
 
 PurlfiMi Lard. 
 
 aportlonoftts 
 Olein. 
 
 Tropical 
 Oint. Base. 
 
 Hardened Urd. 
 
 
 
 Adeps Lanae 
 
 
 
 
 Hydrosus 
 
 Wool-Fat (7). Water (3). 
 
 TrltorUlon. 
 
 Ointment 
 
 Hydrous Wool-Cat 
 
 
 
 Base. 
 
 Cetaceum 
 
 Head of Sperm Whale 
 
 FUt.,Presmre, 
 
 Ointments. 
 
 Spermacotl. 
 
 iPkyuter m*cro€tplialiu). 
 
 Melts: xij*-- 
 i2a"F. 
 
 
 Oleum Theobromatis 
 
 
 HotBxpreta. 
 Melts :8So to 
 
 Oint. and 
 
 on of Theobroma. 
 
 Caeao). 
 
 auppositcMy 
 
 Cacao Butter. 
 Paraffinum Durum 
 
 Mix. of bard hydrocar- 
 bons of paramn series. 
 "^w'lwd from Rhala. 
 
 toia-g'C.) .. 
 
 Distil., refrlK.ft 
 
 base. 
 
 Hard Paraffin. 
 
 piirlfication. 
 
 Ointniesits. 
 
 Paraffin Wax. 
 
 0.830 to OlQAO. 
 
 M«lla:i3a^i33*F 
 
 Paraffinum Molle 
 
 Mls.ofsofthydroear- 
 
 Purlfieathin. 
 
 NonsapoBlfiabli.. 
 
 Soft Paraffin. 
 
 boni of paraffin series. 
 Obtained from petroleum. 
 
 Sp. Gr. 840 
 
 Ointments, 
 
 Petrolatum. ' » 
 
 10 o-«7a 
 
 Melu: Qft^ws'F 
 
 Petroleum Jelly. 
 
 
 
 
it 
 
OI.EA VOUTILIA— VOLATILr OILS. 
 
 °^^^.^^^■^"■"^• VOLATILE OILS, (e.,....,, o.u.., 
 
 Volat,le, odorou,, liquid proximate principles, found naturally in por- 
 •ions of plant,, or formed by the action of peculiar ferment, upon certain 
 plant con,t,tuent,. They repre«nt by-product, of the elaboration of the 
 food material of the plant. 
 
 P«oPEIIT>ES.-Slightly Mluble in w.iler, freely soluble In alcohol, ether, 
 chloroform, carbon disulphlde, benzol. fi„..l oils, etc. , when dropped 
 upon,»per they leave a translucent ,. tin, which disappear, on healiL. 
 PMPAHATIOK.-Obtained by simple distillation of oleo-re,in, (Oil 
 Copa.ba, etc.)j distillation of the plant-subslance, with water (Oil Peoper 
 "..nt. etc.), „pre„ion(Oil Lemon, etc.), or by extraction with a .uitlble 
 liquid lolvent or a bland fat, a:: J subsequent separation 
 
 Co.MPOS,TION.-They are mainly Terpenes, .imple hydrocarbon, (Oil 
 Tarpentinc), some are oxygenated (Ol. Cinnamomi) , some are sulphura- 
 ted, containing sulphur (Ol. Sinapis), •ome are nitrogenated, containing 
 nitrogen (Ol. Amygdalte Amar.). * 
 
 The Oxygenated Volatile Oil, contain at leut two proximate principle,, 
 differing m boding and congealing polnU. chemical compo,ition, etc 
 1. Terpenes, (mostly C,„H,. or C,.H,.), Uquid at ordinary temperatures' 
 and have low boUmg points. 2. Stearoptenes, or camphors, .is they are 
 often tenned,are oxide, or hydroxide, of terpenes, thev are crystallinesolids 
 at temperatures slightly below the ordinary, have higher boiling points and 
 arc held m solution in the terpenes at ordinary temperatures , they are 
 esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, alkyl salts, or phenol derivatives 
 
 PRESERVATlON.-Being rear:;iy affected by the action of air, heat'and 
 liRht, in n,.-iny case, becoming resinified, in others developing a 
 L^rebinthinate odor and taste, and a vis.id consistence, they should be 
 kept .n a cool place, in well-stoppered, amber-gla,, bottles. Deterioration 
 may often be prevented, or at least considerably retarded, by the addition 
 of about 5 p.c. of commercial alcohol. 
 
 OLEA VOLATILIA.fl ,^ / j « 
 
 Twmty-four Official VolmUU OiU. 
 
 Names and Synohyhs. 
 
 Source. 
 
 OUum: 
 
 Anethl 
 
 Oil of DIU. 
 
 Aniti 
 OU of AolK. 
 
 { Dill fruit (Pnctilanum 
 gravlolnu). 
 
 Anise fruit {Pimpinttla 
 
 ' .1><>sHM),orsur.uiise 
 frutt {Illicntm Mnm), 
 
 Process. \ 
 Spec. Gravity. 
 
 DlstlUallon. 
 0'9C5 to 0*930. 
 
 Distillation. 
 0'575 to 0-990 
 
 [ >^ to 3 min. 
 yi to 3 min. 
 
■monn or a. r. paBTAKATioin. 
 
 OLIA VOLATIUA-C-«<««<. 
 
 
 Namw AMO SyllOHVMK. 
 
 _ 
 
 SouacK. 
 
 Paoeiaa. 
 Snic. GaaviTV. 
 
 Deaa. 
 
 Olnmi 
 
 
 
 Anthamldis 
 
 
 DIsllUallon. 
 
 K >t> 3 itiin- 
 
 OU of Chamomlb. 
 
 Utafikmii aaMill. 
 
 ogoj 10 0-91]. 
 
 
 Cadinum 
 
 Woodoflaiif^inu 
 
 OMftUnu. 
 
 DMInel.dlaill. 
 
 Exlemally. 
 
 (Ml of C>d>. 
 
 Abotueno. 
 
 
 ]unlp«TuOU. 
 
 
 
 
 Cajuputi 
 
 oil of CaiDpol. 
 
 Cajupol loavaa tMil- 
 mttMca LiueadtHdrm). 
 
 DIalUlulon. 
 o-jiaioojjo. 
 
 >i to 3 mill 
 
 Carui 
 
 Caraway fruit iCunm 
 
 DIslllUllon. 
 
 % to 3 mm. 
 
 oil of Caraway, 
 
 Cani). 
 
 0-910 to 0-910. 
 
 
 Caryophylli 
 
 oil of Cloves. 
 
 Cloves tEuginia cmry 
 
 opkyltata). 
 
 Olsilllatlon. 
 Not below i-ojo. 
 
 t^ to 3 min. 
 
 Cinnamomi 
 
 Cinnamon Bark ICmMa- 
 
 nistlllallon. 
 
 t4 to 3 min. 
 
 on of Clniujnon. 
 
 moMiMMi «y/<|awamt. 
 
 i 015 to I.OJ3. 
 
 
 Copaibas 
 
 OU of Copaiba. 
 
 Oleo-resinCi>pilbii 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 5 to 2Q mill. 
 
 {Lepm/int L»niitor/:i.) 
 
 0-9U0 to o'gio. 
 
 
 Coriandrt 
 
 Coriander (hilt 'CeruM- 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 ;i to 3 min. 
 
 oil of Corlaodar. 
 
 drNmiativamt. 
 
 0-870 to 0-883. 
 
 
 Cubebas 
 
 Cubeb frull {Pipn 
 
 Distillation. 
 0-910 to o'95o. 
 
 5 to 30 min. 
 
 Oil of Cubeb. 
 
 
 Eucalypti 
 
 Oil of EcalyptuK. 
 
 Euealyplits leaves 
 
 Dlslillation. 
 
 ^ to 3 min. 
 
 {Etualyptm Olobutai), 
 and other species. 
 
 o-yio (0 0*930. 
 
 
 Juniperi 
 
 Juniper fi llit iyumperux 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 >i to 3 inin. 
 
 Oil of Juniper. 
 
 eemmititii). 
 
 o'b63 100-890. 
 
 
 Lavandulae 
 
 
 DliUllation. 
 
 J^ to 3 min. 
 
 Oil of Lavender. 
 
 {Lmtitdutu ttra). 
 
 Not below 0-IU3. 
 
 
 Limonis 
 
 Lemon peel iCitrm 
 
 Mechanically. 
 
 ^i to 3 min. 
 
 oil of Lamon. 
 
 midica). 
 
 0-1137 to 0-II60. 
 
 
 Menthae Piperitae 
 
 Oil of Peppennlnt. 
 
 Peppermint herb 
 
 Distillation. 
 0-900 to o'giK, 
 
 t^ to 3 min. 
 
 Menthae Viridis 
 
 Spearmint herb (UiHt!.a 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 ^ to 3 min. 
 
 Oil of bpeanninl. 
 
 Viridit). 
 
 0-930100-940. 
 
 
 Myristicas 
 
 Nutmeg seed (MyMi/Ii a 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 )i to 3 min. 
 
 Oil of Nuunat. 
 
 fragrmK). 
 
 i.-iTO to 0-910. 
 
 
 Pimentae 
 
 Pimento fruit {I^MtKla 
 
 DIstillallon. 
 
 \i to 3 min. 
 
 Oil of Pimento. 
 
 cfcinalit). 
 
 Not below 1-040. 
 
 
 Oil of AlUplce. 
 
 
 
 
 PinI 
 
 Pine leaves (naei 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 .^^,^. 
 
 Oil of Pine. 
 
 l-MmUio). 
 
 0tl6jti> 0-870. 
 
 
<^ 
 
MKXOCOPr >B01UTI0N IBT CHAIIT 
 
 (ANSr ond ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 
 
 Urn 
 
 jd -APPLIED irvMGE In 
 
 SSSM '653 E<]st Wain Slrettt 
 
 S P'.S Rochester. New York UG09 USA 
 
 y-J^ (7(6) 482 - 0300 - Phone 
 
 aB5 ('''&) 288 - 59B9 - Fox 
 

OLEA VOLATILIA— VOLATlLi: 
 
 OLEA VOLATIUA-c 
 
 Namk!i and Svnohvms. 
 
 SOURCK. 
 
 Oleum: 
 
 Rosae 
 
 Oil of R«e. 
 Olto of Row. 
 
 Rosmarinj 
 
 Oil of Rosetniry. 
 Oleum Antlios. 
 
 Santali 
 
 Oil of Sandal Wood 
 Oil of Santal Wood. 
 
 Sinapis Volatile 
 
 Volatile OU MuBiard. 
 
 Terebinth inae 
 
 j PRoci-.sa. I 
 Sl-Kt . (Ikavity I 
 
 l>0:il'. , 
 
 Oil of Turpentint: 
 ^ Spirit of^Tui 
 
 Rcwe flowtrs (j^^j^ 
 tiamascena). 
 
 Rosemary herb (Kos- 
 •Mn'MMsoiRcina/ij). 
 
 i 
 White Sandai Wood '' 
 (Santatutn album). 
 
 Black Mustard Seed ' 
 (tiraastca nigra \ 
 
 Oleo-resln Turpentine 
 iPtnus tylvestris). and I 
 other species. i 
 
 (se-F.) 
 
 Flavor. 
 
 H t'» 3 iiijn. 
 
 5JV3o mill. 
 
 Three Official Slearofleue. (Co«crete Volatile Oils) 
 Camphora 
 
 Camphor. 
 
 Menthol 
 Menthol. 
 
 Thymol 
 
 Thymol. 
 
 Wood of Oinnamtmuni 
 Oamphom. 
 
 Volatile Oils (J/,«4ii 
 «rBeiuu)or(JK«Ma 
 fitpentai, 
 
 VotpliHThymnnl. 
 «""«), lUouarda fmii- 
 '«'«), (Oarum ccpltcui„i. 
 
 Weltlnapoiiu. 
 
 io7.6»K 
 Cbemical 
 
 Means. 
 
 j Externally. 
 
 a to lu luui. 
 3 >o 4 fl. ilr. .„ 
 Anthelmintic 
 
 .^ tt» 2 Kr. 
 
 h to ; 
 
 OLEO-RESIN/E. OLEO-RESINS. (d«,v.. o..o.r.s.«s, 
 
 ttltng: the solvent frotn the pS^e ^,h" '■i''"*"'.'^ '^P^'-^'inSorciis- 
 stttutes the oJeo-re.,in. PereJjrare , the oily residue remaining, con- 
 
 itV..?; £"£1,""°-*"'"- '-*'•'* '*' B. P. i„frofer,y c,a.si/ie, „,M ,,, 
 Dose : 45 to 90 minims. "■ Drug. Vield t8 to 25 |M!ri.ent. 
 
43 
 
 SYNOPSIS OP B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 OXYMELLITA. OXYMELS. (Sour-honeys). 
 
 Medicated honeys, containing^ acetic acid. 
 
 Two Official Oxymel, ituludiug Simple Oxymtl. 
 Oxymel. Mel Acetatum. Clarified honey, acetic acid and water. 
 
 Strength: I acetic acid in lo. Specificgravity: 1-330. Dose : i taifl.dr. 
 Oxymel Scillae. Oxymel Squill. Squill, acinic acid, clarified honey and 
 
 water. Process: digestion. Strength: 1 squill in 15. 
 
 Specific gravity : 1.320. Dose : ^'4 to I fluid drachm. 
 
 SPIRITUS. SPIRITS. 
 
 Alcoholic solutions of volatile substances either solid, liquid or gaseous. 
 
 Methods of Preparation. — Simple solution, simple and fractional 
 distillation, chemical decomposition with distillation, distillation and solu- 
 tion, fermentation and distillation. 
 
 Dosage. — Under preparations hstving a double range of dosage, the 
 minimum range represents the dose for repeated administration, and the 
 maximum, the quantity intended for a single administration. 
 
 SPIRITUS. 
 
 Stvmttin Official Spirits, including the unmedicattd spirits. 
 
 rr 
 
 
 
 
 Spkcific Grav- 
 
 
 
 Names and Synonyus. 
 
 Ikorbdients. 1 
 
 ity AND 
 Strength. 
 
 DOSB. 
 
 
 I. Spirits made by Simple Solution iv Rectified Spirit.— Ten. | 
 
 
 Spifiiui : 
 
 
 
 
 -> 
 
 , /Etheris 
 
 Spirit Ether. 
 
 Ether and alcohol. 
 
 0.806 to 0.811. 
 I in 3. 
 
 2") to 4omin. 
 60 to 90 min. 
 
 
 Camphorae 
 
 Camphor and alcohol. 
 
 Pp. gr. o'Sjo, 
 
 3 to 20 min. 
 
 
 Spirit Camphor. 
 Tincture Camphor. 
 
 
 I m 10. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chloroformi 
 
 Spirit Chloroform, 
 rhlnrir. F-ther. 
 Spirit cEBBc Ether. 
 
 Chlorofonn and alcolic 1. 
 
 Sp. gr. 0-871. 
 I In w). 
 
 5 to 30 min. 
 3u to 40 min. 
 
 
 Cajuputi 
 
 Oil Cajuput and ale. 
 
 I In to. 
 
 3 to 20 mla. 
 
 
 Spirit Cajuput. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cinnamomi 
 
 Oil Cinnamon and ale. 
 
 1 in 10. 
 
 3 to 30 min. 
 
 :i 
 
 Spirit Cinnamon. 
 
 
 
 
 Juniper! 
 
 Oil Juniper, pnw.l uk 
 andalcoii '1. 
 
 I Inio. 
 
 30 10 60 min. 
 
 
 Spirit Juniper. 
 
 
 
 
 Lavandulae 
 
 Oil Uvender and ale. 
 
 I In 10. 
 
 3 to 30 min. 
 
 
 Spirit Lavender. 
 
 
 
 
"^y^ 
 
 7 
 
 i 
 
 h'^'-^f^ ir^ >- 
 
 -*-t^^, 
 
 ^^, 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
8PIR1TVS— SPIRITS. 
 
 SPimrUS-ComtimuJ. 
 
 Na4«fs and Svnohvus. 
 
 Menthae Piperitae 
 
 Spirit Peppermint. 
 
 MyristicaB 
 
 Spirit Nutmef . 
 
 Roamarini 
 Spirit Roieman.^ 
 
 II. Spirits Involving Distillation. The Distilled Spirits—Seven. 
 
 Oil Peppennlat and ale. 
 
 Volatile oil nutmeg po. 
 talo and alcohol. 
 
 OU RoMmary and ale. 
 
 SPBCiric Grav- 
 ity AMD 
 Stkkngtk. 
 
 I in 10. 
 t In 10. 
 
 I in 10. 
 
 5 to somla. 
 3 to to mlo. 
 
 Athens Composit'js 
 
 Compound Spirit Ether. 
 Hoffmann'i Anodyne. 
 
 >€theris Nitrosi 
 
 spirit Nitrous Ether. 
 Spirit Nitric Ether. 
 Sweet Spirit Nitre. 
 
 Ammoniae Aromattcu& 
 
 Aromatic Spirit Ammonia. 
 Comp. Spirit Ammonia. 
 Spirit of Sal Volatile. 
 
 Ammoniae Fetidus 
 
 Fetid Spirit Ammonia. 
 
 Armoraciae Compositus 
 
 Comp. Spirit Honeradlab, 
 
 Rectificatus 
 
 Rectified Spirit. 
 
 Ninety Per Cent. Alcohol. 
 
 Vini Gallic} 
 
 H.SO., alcohol, 
 NaHCC,, ether and 
 water. 
 
 HNO„H, SO,, alcohol, 
 and copper. 
 
 Strung sol. amnion., am- 
 mon. carbonate, olla of 
 lemon and nutmeg, 
 alcohol and water. 
 
 Asafetida, alcohol and 
 strong itol. ammon. 
 
 Horseradlab root, ale, 
 bitter orange peel, 
 nutmeg, water. 
 
 Fermented saccharine 
 fluids. 
 
 I o*8o8 to 0.S13 I 30 to 40 min. 
 He avy oil of 60 to 90 min. 
 
 lin^ 
 
 Sp. Kr, 0-838 t« ao to 40 mln. 
 o'S43- 60 to go mln. 
 
 i75tog'SPiC..by 
 
 30 to 40 mln. 
 63 to 90 mlD. 
 
 French wine. 
 
 fi 
 
 nitrite. 
 Sp. pr. 0*888 to 
 
 1 n. dr. con- 
 tains abt. 1)4 
 grs. carb. and 
 3 min. strong 
 sol. amnion, 
 Sp. gr. 0-847, 
 strong sol. am. 
 t In 10. 
 Sp. gr. o'920, 
 I horseradish 
 in 8. 
 
 Sp. gr. o'834, 
 83 65 p.c. abs. 
 alcoy w.:ight, 
 
 gip.c.abs. ale. 
 y volume. 
 Sp.gr. '920 -940. 
 Not less than 
 36*3 p.c. (wt.), 
 or43'5pc(voI.) 
 abs. alcohol. 
 
 30 to 40 min. 
 60 to 90 mln. 
 
 I to a fl. dr. 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. I l'R«PA«AT10Nli. 
 
 ALCOHOL ETHYLICUM. ETHYL ALCOHOL. 
 
 The various mixtures of Elhyl Hydroxide, C,H,OK, with water, 
 used in pharmaceutical practice as solvents, are customarily designated 
 by the term "spirit," combined with either a qualifying word which 
 directly indicates its strength, or a phrase accepted generally as re ing 
 to an established strength, while in many cases, the proportional p, s of 
 alcohol and water represented in the mixture are stated, t.g., " reci fied 
 spirit," "proof spirit," "pure spirit," "standard spirit," "commercial 
 spirit," " forty-five per cent, spirit," " spirit two, water one," etc. 
 
 It is for this reason that the official dilutions of ethyl hydroxide 
 are referred to here, under the heading Spiritus. The title, Proof Spirit, 
 having been deleted from the B. P. , it is to be regretted that the name Recti- 
 fied Spirit was not also discarded, in order that dilutions of Ethyl Hydroxide 
 might be desi^ated as Alcohol of a specified strength, even as the term is 
 now officially employed in characterizing the dilutions of Rectified Spirit. 
 Ethylic Alcohol is officially recognized of the following strengths : 
 Alcohol Absoh;tum. — Absolute Alcohol. Pure Alcohol. Obtained by 
 the removal of water from less strong Ethylic Alcohol, and subsequent dis- 
 tillation. Specific gravity : 0794 to 0.7969. Strength 1 not less than 
 99 p.c. (weight) or 99'4 p.c. (vol.) of Ethyl Hydroxide. 
 
 Spiritus Rectificatus. — Rectified Spirit. Alcohol, 90 p.c. Obtained 
 by the distillation of fermented saccharine liquids. Specific gravity : o'8340. 
 Strength: 85'6s p.c. (weight) or 90 p.c. (vol.) of Ethyl Hydroxide. 
 About 57-76 O.P. May be prepared from Commercial Alcohol, 65 O. P. , by 
 diluting 19>4 fl. ozs. with sufficient distilled water, to make when cooled, 
 30 f.. ozs. or I53>i fl. ozs. to make one gallon. 
 
 Unofficial. Commercial Alcohol —The Alcohol made use of in the 
 trade, in the Dominion of Canada, known as "6,cj Over Proof," and com- 
 monly—though incorrectly— termed " Ninety-five Per Cent. Spirit." 
 Specific gravity ; o-8jo (actual 0-8199). Contains 91 p.c, by weight, of 
 Ethyl Hydroxide, or 94 p.c. by volume. 
 
 Alcohol Dilutiim.— Under this general title, Diluted Alcohol, the 
 four dilutions of Qo p.c. alcohol mentioned below are official : 
 
 ALCOHOL70 p.c— Specific gravity : 0-890. Strength : 66-33 P-c- (weight) 
 or 70 p.c. (vol.) of Ethyl Hydroxide. 32-77 O.P. Prepared from Com- 
 mercial Alcohol (05 O.P. ), by mixing 14^ fl. ozs. with enough water to 
 make one pint, or 1 19)^ fl. ozs. with water to make ono gallon. 
 
 ALCOHOL60P.C.— Specific gravity: 0-9135. Strength : 53 p.c. (weight) 
 or6op.c. (vol.) of Ethyl Hydroxide. 5 O.P. Prepared from Commerrial 
 Alcohol (65 O.P.), by diluting 12-75 fl. ozs. with water to make one innl 
 Alcohol 45 p.c— Specific gravity: 0-9436. Strength: 37-89 p.c. 
 (weight) or 45 p.c. (vol.) of Ethyl Hvdroxide. 3i U.P. Prepared from 
 Commercial Alcohol (65 O.P.), by diluting 9-5 fl. ozs. with water to make 
 one pint, or 76-5 fl. ozs. with water to make one gallon. 
 
 Alcohol, 20 p.c. — Specific gravity: 0-9760. Strength; 16-5 p.c. 
 (weight) or 20 p.c. (vol.) of Ethyl Hydroxide. 65 U.P. Prepared from 
 Commercial .llcohol (65 O.P.) by diluting 4-25 fl. ozs. with water to make 
 one pint, or 34 fl. ozs. with water to make one gallon. 
 
■naiTV*— •PKiTS. 
 
 45 
 
 Uh. . ... SriRITVS ThvioK. ProofSpint. SneriricirrKvilyi ooi-.. 
 Str.nHh,^ ^.c. (waishl) or 57 p.c. (vol.) of Elhyl H)dro«iUe. Owe. iti 
 name to tha ;acl that it la tha asclaa unit, according to which duly ii ai- 
 «e«««l by the Government. It may te prepared from C nm»rcial Alcohol 
 (65 O.P), by diluting iiXfl. ou. with water to .nake one pinl, or 97 a. 
 OM. with water to make one gallon. 
 
 NOTI.— The roilowing table ahowi the quantity of Commercial /.Icohol, 
 known as 65 O.P., and cunuining; 91 p.c. of Ethyl Hydroaide, by weight, 
 or 94 p.c., by volume, required to prepare Diluted Alcohol of the leveral 
 •trangthi mentioned. The words pint., gallons, cubic centimeters or 
 litara can, if desired, be aubalitutrd tor ■• fluid ounces," in each column. 
 
 ALCOHOL DILUTION TABLE. 
 
 OuaalllT 
 
 of 
 DUulnl 
 Aleokol 
 
 •tntml. 
 
 I. OM. 
 
 5 
 
 »5 
 30 
 35 
 40 
 45 
 50 
 60 
 70 
 75 
 80 
 90 
 100 
 160 
 
 Strbnoth or IIilutkd Alcohol Dekirsd. 
 
 90 p.e. ) 70 pc. 
 
 (vol.) (vol., 
 
 P,8.k 
 
 Alcohol. 
 
 Use of 
 
 tiSi. 
 
 Afcobol, 
 
 fl. DSt. 
 46-8 
 4-8 
 ■v 3-8 
 19 I 8 
 
 18 6-8 
 33 4-8 
 38 a-8 
 43 
 
 47 7-« 
 57 4-8 
 67 
 
 71 7-8 
 76 4.8 
 86 
 
 956-8 
 ■S3 '-8 
 
 36-8 
 7 4-8 
 II 1-8 
 14 7-8 
 185-8 
 .11 3-8 
 iC 
 
 29 6-8 
 33 1-8 
 37^-8 
 44 S-8 
 52 18 
 55 7-8 
 59 5-8 
 67 
 
 744-8 
 119 1-8 
 
 60 p.(', 
 (vol.) 
 
 Alcohol, 
 
 11. ott. 
 
 3 ■-« 
 6 3-8 
 9 4-8 
 12 6-8 
 16 
 
 19 1-8 
 ij 3-8 
 25 4-8 
 28 6-8 
 31 
 
 38 2-8 
 44 3-8 
 47 7-8 
 S' 
 
 57 4-8 
 637-8 
 101 1-8 
 
 AlC'^bol. I Alcohot. 
 
 Proof 
 Spirit. 
 
 Eiclsa 
 Standard. 
 
 I'seof 
 
 Dm of 
 
 Fur* 
 
 W*t«r 
 
 •n'.,ugh 
 
 to 
 make 
 when 
 coolad 
 
 a. OK. 
 
 27-n 
 
 , 6-8 
 
 7 2-8 
 
 9 4-8 
 
 12 
 
 ■4,1-8 
 
 .67-8 
 
 19 1-8 
 
 21 6-8 
 
 »4 
 
 286-8 
 
 33 4-8 
 
 36 28 
 
 38 a-8 
 
 43 
 
 47 7-8 
 
 744-8 
 
 fl. Olt. 
 
 1 1-16 
 
 2 1-8 
 
 3 3-'6 
 
 4 2-8 
 
 5 5-16 
 
 6 3-8 
 77-16 
 8 4-8 
 99-16 
 
 10 s-8 
 12 6-8 
 14 7-8 
 16 
 
 17 
 
 ■9 S 
 21 2-8 
 34 
 
 fl. oil. 
 
 .1 
 
 6 1-16 
 
 9 3-31 
 12 1-8 
 15 1-8 
 18 1-8 
 21 2-8 
 24 2-8 
 27 2-8 
 30 2-8 
 363-8 
 42 4-8 
 45 4-8 
 48 4.8 
 
 54 4-8 
 60 5-8 
 
 97 
 
 . OM. 
 
 5 
 
 20 
 »5 
 
 30 
 35 
 40 
 45 
 50 
 60 
 70 
 75 
 80 
 
 90 
 100 
 160 
 
 Example. — If 40 fl. ois. 
 figuie 40 in the first column ar, 
 
 *■ 70 p.c. Alcohol are required, find the 
 n the same line, in the columr bearing tue 
 
46 
 
 •VNOPIIlll or B. r. PIKPAIIATIONII. 
 
 i 
 
 it 
 
 
 
 8PIRITU8-C0' ""•"'• 
 
 hcudin^;, 7op.c., find 39 6-8, which indicates th«t 29*6-8 A. okh. of t'oni' 
 merciHl Ak-ohol (65 O.F.), are required, to which enough water in added 
 to make tho mixture fneaHy-e, when agitated and cooled. 40 fl, oxs, 
 
 Rl I.R FOR DIU'TINO ALCOHOL OP KNOWN STRENGTH TO FRODUCR A 
 LESS STRONO AlCOHOL OP DEStRRD STRBNGTH.— i/u/^J^/y th* rtquirtti 
 quantity by tht required ptretntage itrength, and dividt by the highjr percentage • 
 tlu qnvtieHt will be the quantity to which the liquid mutt be diluted by the addition 
 of water. As Alcohol is frequently reduced in volume percentaf^e, and as 
 evolution of heat and contraction of volume invariably follow the dilution 
 of alcohol with water, it therefore becomes necennary, after the liquid 
 haa be.:ome cooled to 6o*'F., and contraction has ceased, to add enough 
 water to res* re to the orig-inal volume of the mixture. 
 
 Example. — Make one-half gallon (80 fl. okk. ), of 60 p.c. Alcohol from 
 Alcohol 90 p.c. t 8g X 60 B 4800, and 4800 •+ 90 <> SiH' 
 
 Answif. — 53)^ fl. ozs. uf 90 p.c. Alcohol are to be mixe<l with 
 sufficient v.ater to make, after contraction has ceased, 80 fl. oz». of 60 
 p.c. Alcohol. 
 
 8UCCI. .JUICES. 
 
 The prepared juices of fresh plant-drugs, rendered permanent by the 
 addition of alcohol) or, the simple juices of ripe fruits. 
 
 They are crude, variable and unreliable preparations. 
 
 Preparation. — The prepared juices are obtained after the follnwln;; 
 manner : The fre^h drug is bruised in a suitable mortar (wooden 
 mortar and pestle preferred), the juice forcibly expressed and 
 mixed with one-third its volume of rectified spirit. On standing for a 
 period of seven days, gums, pectin and albuminous matters separate and 
 deposit, and the liquid is to be filtered. 
 
 Strength. — Three volumes juice in each four volumes. 
 
 Five Official Prepared yutces. 
 Succus Beitadonnae. juice of Belladonna (leaves and young branches). 
 
 Dose : 5 to 15 minims, 
 Succus Conii. Juice of Hemlock (leaves and young brgQfhfitf). 
 
 Dose : I to 3 fluid drachms, 
 Succus Hyoscyami. Juice of Henbane (leaves, flowering tops and 
 
 young branches). Dose : ^ to i fl. drachm. ^^t^**.^ a» ^^t^, 
 Succus Scoparii. Juice of broom (tops). Dose : i to 2 fluid drachms. 
 Succus Taraxaci. Juice of Dandelion (root). Dose: i to 2 fluid drachms. 
 
 On» Simple Juice. 
 Succus Limonis, Juice of lemon, freshly expressed from the ripe fruit 
 
 of Citrus medica, Linn,, var. Q- Limonum, Hook. fit. Specific 
 
 gravity : 1 '030 to 1 '040. One fluid ounce contains 30 to 40 grains of 
 
 citric acid. Dose : Ad libitum. 
 
 M 
 
»r 
 
 
 
 
SYRUPI— SYRUPS. 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 si 1-5 I * s.^ 2? 
 
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 B. P. PREPAKATIONS. 
 
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IINCTIRA -TINCTLIitS. 
 
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 jt I .s| s|s >.;>. g 1 
 
 6 11^=1 ■ 
 
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 •z m i 
 
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 ^^ c u 
 
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 S2 ■ 
 
s« 
 
 lYNOPmii or ■. r. pMrAMTioNi. 
 
 
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 •rig.|llli» 
 
 !»*§ = E|l«'-=^ 
 

 : * 
 
 
 a.- y 
 
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 ^^ ^3^,..^.^ Co ■ 
 

 it 
 
 54 
 
 SYNOPSIS OK B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
^-^T^. ^ Jr ^^^^^^^^--^ 
 
 3/1^ /i^i-O'*-*-*-*'**' 
 
'If 
 
TINCTUH*— TIKCTURES. 
 
 SS o B^ ECoo 
 
56 
 
 SYHOrslII OF B. P. PREPAItATIONS. 
 
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 ■ 
 
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 S> % 
 
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 cu 
 
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 cu 
 
 CL, 
 
 EU 
 
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 wdei 
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 opo 
 
 
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 ^^ :- 
 
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 S- 
 
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 lem 
 
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 111 
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 "- U- (/) t/) j/j yj 
 
 iT 
 
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 ^ 
 
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fwonm OF B. r. PRErACATiom. 
 
 I 
 
 
 6 g d 
 
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 8 
 
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 si"" S 1 i Q. S i . 
 
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 P ££££ o 5J2 SS ^ loo 
 
 ■^T^ 
 
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PRE 'ARATIOM*. 
 
 ^1 
 
 
 1-5 il 11 11^ 
 
 |:yS3._|-a|| - §-11 ^ „S f% 
 
 
 
 "/"^^TyT 
 
 
 i 
 
TIHCTUR*— TINCTURES. 
 
 6i 
 
 
 £3 
 
 h 
 
 si 
 
 li 
 II 
 
 fi 
 &"■ 
 
 111 
 
 11 P> 
 
!tt1 
 
 SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 e e 
 
 Ie 
 
 mo 
 - «o 
 o 
 too 
 
 .a 
 a 
 
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 N 
 
 I 
 
 
 So S ""S "o 
 
 s-g T at; .|.as -| 
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 |si 
 
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 i-So|:=5 35:= is E i il - 
 
 z o o <-) 
 
r 
 
VINA — WINES. 
 
ill 
 
 sniopsu or b. p. preparations. 
 
 < 
 
 •2 g 
 
 •2 ii 
 
 oil 
 
 X 
 H 
 I 
 
 e fi, 
 
 s= . 
 
 ■5 u. 
 
 ^ < 
 
 I 
 
 ■3 
 8. 
 
 
 1 a 
 
 
 MJ 
 
 II 
 
 
 llill '1 
 
 9 
 
 ,3 
 
PART II. 
 
 Solid Preparations of the British 
 Pharmacopoeia 
 
 ALKALOIDES. ALKALOIDS. 
 
 Mostly solid, crystallizable, colorless, nitrogenous principles of vege- 
 table origin, representing the active principles of the plants producing 
 them. Animal Alkaloids are termed Ptomaines and I^ucomaines. 
 
 Properties. — Alkaloids have an alkaline reaction, and combine with 
 ackls to form salts, and therefore in these features resemble alkalies, but 
 differ from them, in that they do not saponify fats, and are destroyed 
 by strongly heating. 
 
 Composition. —They all contain the elements, C, H., and N., and 
 with few exceptions, O., as well, hence are Compound Ammonias, those con- 
 taining no O., are liquidsand volatile, and are called i4 miMJ, while those 
 having O., in their composition are Amides. 
 
 Existence — They do not exist naturally in a f> >^' state, but as acid or 
 neutral salts of some common vegetable acid, as Tannic, Citric, Malic, 
 etc., or some acid peculiar to the plant, as Kinic (in Cinchona), Meconic 
 (in Opium), Igasuric (in Nux Vomica), etc. These salts are known as the 
 Native Alkaloidal Combinations or Native Salts. 
 
 Solvents. — Free Alkaloids are, as a rule, insoluble in water, and 
 differ among themselves as to their solubilities in the solvents immiscible 
 with: water, e.g.. Ether, Chloro.brm, Benzin, etc., while the alkaloidal salts 
 arOf with few exceptions, soluble in water or alcohol, but insoluble in 
 solvents immiscible with water. 
 
 Incohpatibles. — Tannins, Picric Acid, Mercuric Chloride, Alkaline 
 Oxides, Hydroxides or Carbonates, Lead Acetate and Subacetate, Iodides, 
 Bromides, etc., all of which are inclined to cause precipitation of the 
 alkaloid from its solution. 
 
0) S 
 
 III s 
 
 a s 
 
 it Li kth^ 
 If ill WiM I J 
 
 52 Jl I" 
 
 -JI1 ^^ ^ I d 
 
 i 
 
 .-^. 
 
 

 .-cu-/- 
 
 I 
 

 ALKALOIDB 
 
 I i 
 
 ILKALOIM^ ^ ^ S 
 
 X 
 
 III 
 
 ¥. 
 
 'J U 1^.1 if! 
 
 in ih ih tu" 
 
 ft.' 
 
 -a 
 
 iiii 
 
 U U 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 
 
68 
 
 PL. I"- 
 
 
 PREPARATIONS. 
 
 Si 
 
 OS 
 
 ii 
 
 ll i 
 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 "J 
 
 i M til ' 
 
 1S.2 
 
 H H 
 
 n 
 
 J-CS do 
 
 s 
 
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 tn a 
 
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 k9 
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 lllll silllilisl Jill 
 
 
 So 
 
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 CA (A O 
 
 
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 Z ' 
 
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 a: " o„" „M'i 
 
 
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 c 3": 
 
 a o" o" i^ 
 
 U9U 
 
 4 
 
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 c g -.eIS 
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 (/) > 
 
CHAKTX — PAPERS 
 
 69 
 
 \ 
 
 CHARTS. PAPERS. (Medicated Papeks, Spaeadraps ). 
 
 Pieces of unsized-, or cartridge-paper, impregnated with a medi- 
 c»ting substance. 
 
 Medicated papers are made by (l) dipping slieets of unsized paper in 
 a solution of the active substance, and then exposing to warm air until 
 dry i or (2) by applying the medicating mixture in a thin 61m, upon one 
 side of cartridge-jHiper, and drying by exposure to air. 
 
 Manner of Using.— Some are ignited, and the fumes given off while 
 burning, inhaled (Charta Potassii Nitratis), or allowed to permeate the 
 atmosphere of the room for the purpose of fumigation (Charta Odoriferi). 
 Some are employed in chemical analysis, as indicators, to show the 
 presence of acids, alkalis, or other chemical substances (Chartae Lacmi, 
 Curcumae, Plumb! Acetatis, Cupri SiHphatis, etc.), and are simply 
 brought into contact with the solution or vapor of the substance to be 
 tested. Others are for external application to the body, for the purpose of 
 producing irritation or counter-irritation, as Chartas Sinapis, Cantharidis 
 yei Epispastica, as well as certain of the so-called " corn-plasters " 
 containing verdigris, formerly known as Sfaradrapa, 
 
 One Ofieial Paptr. 
 
 Charta Sinapis. Mustard Paper. Sinapism. Ingredients. — Black 
 and white mustard seeds, freed from fixed oil by percolation with benzol 
 and dried and powdered, then incorporated with solution of India-rubber, 
 and applied upon one side of cartridge-paper and air-dried. 
 
 CONFECTIONES. CONFECTIONS. (Preserves). 
 
 Soft solids, in which one or more medicinal substances have been 
 incorporated with syrups, sugar or honeys with the object of rendering: 
 them palatable and preserving them from change. 
 
 An ancient class of preparations, fast becoming obsolete, and fre- 
 quently known fay the terms, CoHUrv* and BUttuary* 
 
 f COHSBRVBS are preparations made by incorporating moist drugs with 
 dry sugar, and Electuaries by mixing dry, powdered drugs with moist 
 saccharine substances, as honey, pulps, syrups, etc. 
 
 
 -^ -^l-^.*,.*^^ 
 
70 
 
 •VHOFSIS OP B. P. FKEPARATIONS. 
 
 9M^ 
 
 CONFECTIONES. 
 
 Pour Oflieial Conftctions. 
 
 NaUES ANU SYNOHYHt. 
 
 Conftctio : 
 
 Piperis 
 
 Confection of Pepper. 
 JVard'g Fate. 
 
 FJosae tiallicae 
 
 Confectton of Roiei. 
 Sennao 
 
 Confection of Senna. 
 Le nitive Electuar y. 
 
 Sulphuris 
 
 Con&cUon of Sulphur- 
 
 In orkdients. 
 
 ', caraway 
 led honey. 
 
 Senna, coriander, fi|t, 
 tamarind, caula pulp, 
 prunes, est. liquorice, 
 gugar and water. 
 
 Sulphur, potass. Utart., 
 syrup, tlnct. orange peel, 
 and powd. tragaeanth. 
 
 I in lo. 
 
 I in 4. 
 
 I in ti about. 
 
 I In iK about. 
 
 60 to ISO grs. 
 
 (t dr. I 
 
 60 to lao gra. 
 
 60 to iM grs. 
 
 EMPLASTRA PLASTERS. 
 
 Solid, tenacious preparations ii- external use only; they are harder 
 than ointments, but became flexi'jifc and adhesive at the temperature of 
 the body, and require heat to spread them. Plasters can be made to 
 serve the double purpose of offering both support and medication to the 
 parts to which they are applied. . ..... 
 
 Preparation.— They are jjrepared by incorporatmg medicraal sub- 
 stances with certain bases, viz. : Lead Plaster, Resin Plaster, Gum-Resins, 
 or Resins, and are then spread evenly on sheep-skin, chamois-skin, kid- 
 skin, muslin, or adhesive-plaster. . . . , ... 
 
 The Official Plasters are kept m stock ra the form of rolls or 
 cvlinders of convenient diameter, weighing from four to eight ounces ; they 
 are eotten into this form by rolling on t stone or glass slab, previously 
 moistened with water or expressed oil of almonds, and the resulting rolls 
 are tightly wrapped in wax paper to protect them from the air. OiUess 
 kept from direct contact with air, the plaster-mass becomes hard and brittle 
 and does not melt readily, or, when melted, does not give the homogeneous 
 mass essential to the preparation of a uniformly spread plaster with a 
 smooth surface, whether spread by means of a plaster-iron, or otbetwiM. 
 
 Unofficial.— Most of the plasters in common use are prepared in 
 large manufactories and contain Caoutchouc combined with certain aro- 
 matic resins (Olibanum, Burgundy Pitch, Resin, etc.); they are spr»don 
 suitable cloth by machinery and are ready for use. As these are preferred 
 on account of their adhesiveness and flexibility, the pharmacist is only 
 occasionally caPad upon to spread other than Canthandes Plaster. 
 
 The Indic-rubber base admits of ready incorporation with numerous 
 medicating principles, and possesses many important advantages over the 
 ordinary lead-plaster and resinous bases. 
 
xo.^ ^i/v.r>u^ <^^r>./^^ ^ .a/. ^^-^'=^ h 
 
 f 
 

 >»»>•* 
 
 
EMPLASTRA — PLASTERS. 
 
 Twtlvt Oj^icial PUuttr$. 
 
 EMPLASTRA. 
 
 NaMIS AMD SVKOKVHB. 
 
 Strbhoth. 
 
 I. Plasters having Miscellaneous Bases. — Four, 
 
 20 p.c. mercury. 
 
 EmpUtttrum : 
 
 Ammoniaci cum Hy- 
 drargyro 
 
 Aaunonlacum and Mercury 
 Pluter. 
 
 Picis 
 
 Pitch PUstar. 
 Menthol 
 
 Menthol PUitrr. 
 
 Cantharidis 
 
 Cantharldea Plaster. 
 Blister Plaster. 
 BmplaUnun Lytt«. 
 
 AmmonUcum, tnercury. olive oil 
 and sublimed tulphur. 
 
 Bui^undy pitch, frankincense, 
 resin, wax, olive oil and water. 
 
 Menthol, yellow wax and resin. 
 Use m oderate beat, 
 
 Powd. eantharides, yellow wax, 
 lard, resin and soap plaster. 
 
 X 
 
 Hydrargyri 
 
 Mercurial Plaster. 
 Plumbi 
 Lead Plaster. 
 Diachylon Plast er. 
 Liin arge Piaste r. 
 
 humbi lodidi 
 
 Iodide of Lead Plaster. 
 
 Resinas 
 
 Resin Plaster. 
 Adhesive Plaster . 
 
 Saponis 
 
 Soap Piaster. 
 
 11. Those having a Lead-Plastbr Basis. 
 
 olive oil, sublimed 
 
 Mercury, olive oil, subllmet 
 sulphur and lead plaster. 
 
 Lead oxide, powdered, olive oil 
 and water, < 
 
 Lead Iodide, resin and lead 
 . plaster. 
 
 Resin, curd soap and lead plaster. 
 
 Hard soap, resin and lead plaster. 
 
 50 p.c. Burgf. 
 pitch. 
 
 1 S p.c. mentho l. 
 35 p.c. canthar. 
 
 Five, 
 
 33 »-3P*c. mere. 
 
 About 100 p.c. 
 oleate lead. 
 
 10 p.c. Pbl,. 
 10 p.c. resin. 
 
 I in 7, about. 
 
 HI. Those having a Resin-Plaster Basis.— Three, 
 
 Belladonnse 
 Belladonoa Platter. 
 
 Calefaciens 
 
 Warming Plaster. 
 Wann Plaster. 
 
 Opii 
 
 Opiam Plaster. 
 Anodyne Plaster. 
 
 Liquid extract. 
 rBaltr " I" 
 
 C antharld ei, yellow wax, resin, 
 suap IJbiater, boiling water and 
 resin pUster, 
 
 Powdered opium and resin 
 plaster. 
 
 4 belladonna In 6. or 
 O'S p.c. alkaloid s. 
 
 4 p.c. canthar. 
 
 10 p.c. opium. 
 
(VHOPSIS or B. p. PKEFAKATIOKS. 
 
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tXTKACTA— IXTHACTa. 
 
 
 I 
 
 "I 
 
■VMonn or «. r- prepakatiomi, 
 
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EXTRACTA — EXTRACTS. 
 
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 §1§ Sg "■S3 
 
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SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
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 Si ii 
 
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OLEATA — OLCATE8. 
 
 77 
 
 LAMELL>E. DISCS. 
 
 The official discs are composed of a glycerin-g;elatin basis, witli alka- 
 loidal medicaments. Used almost exclusively in ophthalmic practice for 
 desired effect upon the pupil or conjunctiva. 
 
 Prbparation.— Made by pouringr a warm concentrated solution of 
 medicated gelatin containing^ glycerin, upon a polished and perfectly level 
 surface ; the sheet obtained on cooling, is divided into small squares, each 
 of which should be l-ljth inch in thickness and weigh about i-50lh grain — 
 excepting Cocaine Discs, which should weigh i-3oth grain. 
 
 Four Official Discs. 
 Lamella Atroplnaa. Discs of Atropine. i-toooth grain (0-013 m.gm.) 
 
 Atropine Sulphate in each disc. Mydriatic. <s^tV&-<^ 
 Lamellae Cocalnas. Discs of Cocaine, i-soth grain (i-jmifM.) Cocaine 
 
 Hydrocliloride in each disc. Mydriatic and anaesthetic. 
 Lamellse Homatropinae. Discsof Homatropine. T-iaa t i r gra in (o'esw-yiii.) 
 
 Homatropine Hydrobromide in each disc* Prompt mydriatic. 
 Lamellas Physostigminae. Discs of Physostigmlne: ~iooot h grain 
 
 (0-065 "■ f-) Physostigmlne Sulphate in each disc. MySScT 
 
 OLEATA. OLEATES. 
 
 True oleates are semi-so!id or solid, acid or normal, chemical com- 
 binations of oleic acid with metallic or alkaloidal bases. 
 
 Preparation.— 1. By triturating freshly precipiuted, well-dried 
 metallic oxides, or free alkaloids — not their sails — with an excess of oleic 
 acid, avoiding heat if possible, as metallic oxides are easily reduced to 
 their metals, and then precipitate from solution (owing to the reducing prx>- 
 perties of oleic acid). Oleates prepared by this method are really acid salta 
 of oleic acid, or simply solutions of oleates in a large excess of oleic acid. 
 
 a. By interaction between solutions of an alkali oleate and metallic 
 salta. For this purpose. Sodium Oleate may be preoared by wanning 
 100 parts of oleic acid to 6o''C., and then adding a solution of 16 parU of 
 sodium hydroxide in alcohol, 30 parts, and water, 90 parts, until the nWx- 
 ture is neutral. The resulting soap (sodium oleate) is dissolved in a,ooo 
 parts water when desired for use. 
 
 Hard soap (white castile soap) is used in the official processes instead 
 of pure sodium oleate, and, as hard soap is an oleo-palmitate o{ sodiA, 
 the product obtained by its decomposition with a metallic salt will be an 
 oUa-palmitat*. 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 Uses. — Oleates are used in dermal medication, and are applied either 
 directly or in the form of ointments, their action beings influenced by the 
 readiness with which oleic acid solutions are deeply absorbed when ap- 
 plied to the skin. On account of the fact Chat alkaloidal salts are insolu- 
 ble in the usual ointment bases, oleic acid is used in each of the official 
 alkaloidal ointmentSj the pure alkaloids bein^ converted into acid oleates, 
 which are soluble in, and may be readily incorporated with, the ointment 
 bases. On analogous grounds, a similar practice should be pursued in pre- 
 paring suppositories containing' alkaloids. 
 
 Two Official Oleatti. 
 Hydrargyri Oleas. Mercuric Oleate. Made by the interaction between 
 
 solutions of mercuric chloride and hard soap (sodium oleo-palmitate), 
 
 a little oleic acid being* added to ensure the neutralization of the 
 
 excess of alkali in the soap. Composition: mainly (Cj,U,,COO),Hg., 
 
 representing 28*4 per cent, of mercuric oxJde. 
 Zinci Oleas. Zinc Oleate. Official in the form of ointment only, for 
 
 which purpose it is prepared by the interaction between solutions of 
 
 zinc sulphate and hard soap. Composition: mainly (C,,H,,COO),Zn., 
 
 representing 13*9 per cent, of zinc oxide. 
 Emplastrum Plumbi, is a solid Lead Oleate (lead soap). 
 
 Composition I mainly (C,,H,,COO),Pb. 
 Linimentum Catcis, contains Calcium Oleate (C|,H,,COO),Ca. 
 
 All the alkaloidal ointments contain alkaloidal oleates, made by trit- 
 urating the free alkaloids with oleic acid, and gently warming the mixture, 
 until dissolved. 
 
 PILUL/£. PILLS (Mass^ Pii«ULARUM. Pill Masses). 
 
 Medicated solid plastic masses, intended to be kept in bulk, and as 
 occasion demands, formed into spherical, ovoid or lenticular bodies, to be 
 swallowed without being previously masticated. 
 
 Composition. — The constituents of pill masses comprise two classes 
 of substances, viz. : the medicament, and the substance used to give the 
 mass its proper adhesiveness, called the excipUnt. 
 
 ExciPiENTS. — In the official masses, Soap, Confection of Roses^ Gums 
 Acaciaand Tragacanth, and Syrup ofGlueou are employed in most cases. 
 The most satisfactory excipient, however, for general, all-round use, is 
 P^u, syrupy Glucose, diluted with about 20 per cent, of Glycerin. 
 
 Characteristics. — Model pill masses should combine solubility, plas- 
 ticity, adhesiveness and firmness. 
 
Lotv^ 
 
 
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 ^ 
 
 
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 -.*t-^i^-^ 
 
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 ^^--^^ ^-^(iR-^^iS^^;;, 
 
 ^^-^-€ y: .^^i^ 
 
 » 3 «*£*€ ^ ^^uMc^ r 
 
 -'tii-t»^>. 
 
 ^ 
 
 1^ 
 
 
PILUL^—PtLLS. 
 
 79 
 
 DosBS. — The official masses are in most cases constructed with a view 
 to their subdivision into 4>^ain pills, the dose being indicated as 4 to 8 
 grains, with but few exceptions. The dose of Pilula Phosphori is i to a 
 grains ; of Pilula Saponis Comp., and Pilula Ptumbi cum Opio, 3 to 4 grains) 
 and of Pilula Ferri, 5 to 15 grains. 
 
 Use OP Oils. — Several of the masses contain volatile oils, which are 
 added with a view to correcting the griping tendencies of the purgative, or 
 to relieving flatulence ; at the same time they also impart a characteristic 
 odor, thus enabling one to identify the pill. Hence wo might recognize 
 pill of Barbadocs Aloes by its odor of Caraway ; pill of Socotrine Aloes, 
 by its Bmell of Nutme/^s; compound pill of Rhubarb, by its indication of 
 Pepptfmint ! compound Colocynth pill, by its suggestion of Cloves; com- 
 pound pill of Gamboge, by its intimation of Cinnamon and Cantamom^ etc. 
 
 CONSPERGATIVE. — Pills are usually rolled in, and surrounded by, a pow- 
 der, intended to prevent their adhesion to each other and to the container, 
 but a properly made pill seldom requires such treatment, and con.iperga- 
 tives should therefore be avoided, except when absolutely ntcessary. 
 
 Powders used for this purpose, are : Starch, Althsa, Lycopodium, 
 Wheaten Flour, Liquorice, Talcum, French Chalk, etc. 
 
 Pill-Coating. — The B. P. does not direct that any of the official 
 pills shall be coated, but the appearance, stability and preservation of 
 some may be wonderfully increased, and their unpleasant taste masked, 
 by coating with gelatin, sugar, gold- or silver-leaf, tolu batsam, or maslic. 
 
 When it is desired to localize the action of certain medicinal agents to 
 the intestinal tract, the pill should receive a coating that will resist the 
 ff£tion of the acid gastric juice, and therefore pass through the stomach 
 undissolved, into the duodenum, where the alkaline secretion causes the 
 solution of the coating, followed by the disintegration of the pill. 
 
 Keratin and Salot are the agents employed for this purpose, and pills 
 treated in this manner are known as Enteric PiUs. 
 
 Unofficial. — Compound Cathartic Pills. Each pill contains : Com- 
 pound Extract Colocynth, y^ gr.; Extract Jalap, i gr.; Calomel, 1 gr., and 
 Gambo j^ gr. Dose : i to ^ pills. 
 
 Im^ -d Con\pound Cathartic PiUs. Vegetable Cathartic Pills. 
 Each pi h utains : Compound Extract Colocynth, i gr.; Extract Jala p, 
 }i gr.; Puaophyllin, ^gr.; Extract Gentian, >i gi.{ teptandiin, I4 jn i 
 Extract Hyuscyamus, }^ gr., and Oil Peppermint. t>osc : 1 to \ pills. 
 
 Pilula Aloes et Mastiche. Lady Webster's Dinner PHI. Pil. Ante 
 Cibum. Each pill contains: Socotrine Aloes, 3 gr.j Mastiche \\ %\.\ 
 fiaTorcd with powdered Red Rose. Uose : i to 3 pills. 
 
ivHonw or a. r. rairAKATioMi. 
 
 (\> 
 
 
 PILUL>C. 
 
 
 Tmnfy Ojfitial Pill tttuut. 
 
 
 N*H» AMD SVHOHVIia. 
 
 iMOIKDHNTf. 
 
 STaiHOTR, 
 
 DOM. 
 
 I. 
 
 Containing Alobs.— Nine. 
 
 
 nitUm: 
 
 
 
 
 Aloes Barbadeniii 
 
 Bub. aloM, btrd tnip, oil 
 
 iln«,nMriy. 
 
 4 to S gr. 
 
 PUlBulMdoaAhMt. 
 
 eaxvmmy, and coofectloo 
 of ro«M. 
 
 
 
 Alo«« at Asafetidas 
 
 Roc does, aMlMida. hard 
 
 t aloea and 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 PUIAloMuidAwfHlila. 
 
 
 iaaate.ln4. 
 
 
 Aloei et Ferri 
 
 Dried fcmnu nlph., Parb. 
 
 I FaSo.,drtod, 
 andiauMetng. 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 FmAloaaiidlnia. 
 
 aloea, eomp. po. elnnsm. , 
 and ayrup of glueoat. 
 
 
 Aloei et Myrrhae 
 
 Soe. aloM. mnrb, and 
 •yrup of flucoas. 
 
 t aloea and i 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 PIUAloMUdUTCik. 
 Ruliu' mlL 
 
 myrrh In 4M. 
 
 
 Aloei Soeotrinw 
 
 PiUSocaullMAIan. 
 
 Soe. aloea, haH loap, oil 
 nutmeita, and oonfaction 
 of toaca. 
 
 ilaa^oMrly. 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 Cambogiee Compotita 
 
 Gambofe, Barb, aloea. 
 
 igamKand 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 Comp. PIUGuabofa. 
 
 Colocynthldis Compos. 
 
 Coloeynth pulp. Barb. 
 
 laloealne. 
 • Raa.aoam. 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 Comp. PUlColoemtk. 
 
 potaaa. antefaate, oil of' 
 elovea ana water. 
 
 I coloc and • 
 aloea In & 
 
 
 Colocynthldis et 
 
 
 
 
 Hyoscyami 
 
 Compound pill eolocyntta 
 ana eztiaet henbane. 
 
 Pin Col land 
 
 4to8gr. 
 
 PmColoo.uidH«ibua. 
 
 ExL H. lin 3. 
 
 
 Rhei Composlta 
 
 Rhubarb, Soo. aloea, toap. 
 
 3 rheum and 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 CompOUDQ RllUiMCD PUL 
 
 mjmh, oil peppermint, 
 
 aj^aloaalnit 
 
 
 11. Contains 
 
 \Q Othbr Plant-Druo Bases.— Fr 
 
 VB. 
 
 Galbani Compotita 
 
 Aaafttlda, myrrh, yalbanum 
 and ayrup of glucoaa. 
 
 laaafiM. and 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 Comp. Pill GalKuuuB. 
 
 a galb. in 7. 
 
 
 Comp. PUl AuieUiia. 
 
 
 
 
 Ipecacuanhas c Scilta 
 
 Compound powd. Ipecae., 
 
 3 Dov. powd. 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 PUlpecao.wUhSqiim. 
 
 squill, ammontacum and 
 ayrup of glucose. 
 
 In 6. 5 P-c. 
 opium. 
 
 
 Saponis Composita 
 
 syrup of (lucoae. 
 
 
 3 to 4 gr. 
 
 Compound PUl of Soiqi. 
 
 I opium In 5, 
 
 
 PtUoTopium. 
 
 
 
 
 Scammonii Composita 
 
 RealM of scammony and 
 
 I R. seam, and 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 Comp, Scammgny Pill. 
 
 jalap, curd soap, and 
 tincture ginger. 
 
 iR.jalapin3l. 
 
 
 Sciltas Composita 
 
 Squill, ginger, anmionlae., 
 
 soap and b>;u^ glucose. 
 
 1 aquill in 4, 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 Compoond PUi SqulU. 
 
 nearly. 
 
 
■K\ 
 
riLULA— riLU. 
 
 -r> 
 
 A- 
 
 Pt LU UC-CmiMmmi. 
 
 IfMllt AND SvNOHTHft. 
 
 iHOUOIBIiTt. 
 
 Stsbmoth. 
 
 Oo«, 
 
 I TeCO, In y 
 
 III. CONTAIMINO iNOROANtC SAtM OK ELEMENTS AR BasrS.^-FiVK. 
 F"«ni Drtod BulphMa Iran, drtod 
 
 Iron PUL •orflam cub.. macIa, 
 
 lynip, tracw..|l]r«tria 
 •bd wBiar. 
 Meroury, eonfeeilon roan 
 «nd liquorkit root. 
 
 PUL 
 
 Hydrvgyri 
 
 Hydrargyri Subchloridi 
 Compoiita 
 
 Cam nil Subohlor.MireurT 
 PU. CaloflMUno* Composltik. 
 Owpomd Pill AnUmoor. 
 
 rtuauMr'i Pill. 
 Photphori 
 Pkoapbonu pin. 
 
 Plumbi cum Opio 
 
 Pin L«d ud Opliis. 
 
 I In 3. 
 
 
 Menjuroai eblorldr, aul- 
 pburaudantlmon)'.Kti;tiae 
 r«aln, cutor oil uid alco- 
 bol gj r4. 
 
 Phsfphorua. tMil, kaolin, 
 'lit* 
 
 whit* wai, aeacU and 
 
 Lead a^mToplunTInd 
 •jrrup of gliifluM. 
 
 i-io f r. P. In 
 !«'•■ 
 
 6 PhAc. and 
 I opium in B, 
 naarly. 
 
 IV. CONTAINIHO AM AUULOIOAL SaIT On«, 
 
 QuiniiuB Sulphatit I guin. nlpb., tanuiaidil, I j ' <. 
 PUI Qulnlna Sulphate. I i bxwin and uaia eani 
 
 I HdCI, 
 I Sb.S.and 
 
 3 TMin 
 
 In4i 
 
 i fllU 
 
 Li" 'SK"- 
 
 4 to 8 gr. 
 
 i to 3 yi . 
 
 J to 4 gr. 
 I to 8 frr. 
 
 PULVERE8. POWDERS. 
 
 Unlferm tnixtures of finely comminuted medicinal substances. 
 
 Puparation.— The ordinary means of mixing are not sufliciently 
 effibctive to produce the degree of uniformity desired in this clau of 
 oScial preparations. 
 
 A satisfactory product may be obtained by the use of powders in the 
 Bneit itataof subdivision obtainable,— so-called "du»ted powders"— and 
 effecting^ their combination by trituration in a mortar, followed by sifting 
 and then lightly triturating again, to mix the particles which have arranged 
 tbemselves according to their degrees of fineness during sifting. 
 
 When powders are to be made that contain aromatic drugs represent- 
 ing eaaential oils, or drugs having other volatUe medicinal constituents, 
 such drugs should not be used in the form of Justed p wders, as the 
 extent of desiccation required to enable the production of so fine a pow- 
 der, causes a loss of medicinal principles. 
 
 Dispensing — If a single dose is ordered, the weighed quantity is 
 folded In paper and enclosed in a suitable envelope ; if several doses are 
 
 ■V'^t4f 
 
SVMOFSIS OF B. P. PRIPAKATIOHS. 
 
 A 
 
 to bo diiipensed, the quantity intended for each individual dose is to be 
 weighed out separately, folded in paper, and the several papers enclosed 
 in a suitable slide box, or covered box. When the powder contains a deli- 
 quescent or volatileingredient, it should be first folded in wax-paper, before 
 folding in thn ordinary powder paper. 
 
 If the powder id to be dispensed in bulk, and the doses to be appor- 
 tioned by the nurse or patient, it should be dispensed in & round paper box 
 or wide-mouth bottle, the latter especially, if the ingr^ients contain 
 hygroscopic or volatile constituents, and it will also be found convenient for 
 traveling purposes. 
 
 Administration. — In order to overcome the aversion of the patient 
 for powders containing bitter, nauseous or otherwise unpleasantly tasting 
 medicines, various pharmaceutical devices have been introduced in recent 
 years, for the purpose of enclosing drugs in soluble cases made of gelatin 
 or rice-flour, known as capsules, cachets, *' konseals," granules, etc. 
 
 When so directed by the practitioner, powders and other drugs of the 
 Phaiinacopoeiti may be dispensed in such non-^fiicial forms. 
 
 Unofficial. — Certain combinations, not now official, are frequently 
 dispensed under the following officinal names : 
 
 Pulvis Aloes et Canells. Hiera Picra, Contains Aloes 4, Canella 1. 
 Dose : a to 5 grains. 
 
 Pulvis Morphinae Compos. Tully's Powder. Contains Morphine Sulph., 
 I in 61, made up of Camphor, Liquorice and Precipitated Chalk, ao parts 
 each. Dose: 5 to 15 grains. 
 
 PULVERES. 
 
 SntnUtn Official Powdtrs. 
 
 Names and Syhohtus. 
 
 Ingredisnts. 
 
 I. Powders Containing Opium. — Four. 
 
 Pulvii: 
 
 CreXm Aromat. cum Opio 
 
 Aror.iatie Chalk Powder with 
 Opium. 
 
 Ipecac uanhse Compos. 
 
 Compound Powder Ipecac, 
 Dover's Powder. 
 
 Kino Compositus 
 
 Compound Powder Kino. 
 
 Opii Compositus 
 
 Compound Powder Opium. 
 
 Aromatic chalk powder 
 and powdered opium. 
 
 Ipecac., opium and 
 potasiium sulphate. 
 
 Kino, opium and dmia- 
 mon bark. 
 
 Opium, black pepper, gf n- 
 gcT, caraway, tragaeanth. 
 
 .V&i'"* 
 
 10 to 40 gr. 
 S to '5 Sr- 
 
 5 to 20 gr. 
 2 to 10 gr. 
 
i, 
 

 PULVRRES — POWDBR8. 
 
 PULVERE8-Co»<«wrf. 
 
 Namis AMD Stmomths. 
 
 Ingxkdiimts. 
 
 II. Purgative Powders.— Six. 
 
 Elaterini Compositus 
 
 Comp. Powder EUierin. 
 
 Glycyrrhjzw Compositus 
 
 Cotiq>. Powder Liquorice. 
 
 lydrar^^um cum Creta 
 
 Heieury with Cbalk. 
 
 Jalaj^eljompositus 
 
 Compoand Powder Jalap. 
 Cubartio Powiier. 
 Pulvis Purgaiu. 
 
 Rhei Compositus 
 
 Canponnd Powder Rhubarb. 
 Gregor y'! Powd er. 
 
 Scammonn Compositus 
 
 Comp. Powder Scammonjr. 
 
 Eiaterin end igillt aggf r. 
 
 Senna, liquorice, fenncL 
 iBETtulplnir and sugar. 
 
 Mercury and prepared 
 
 'chalk. 
 
 Jalap, potassium acid 
 tartrate and ginger. 
 
 Rh ubarb , lig ht or heav y 
 Resin BCammony, jalap 
 
 I in 40. 
 I nenna in 6. 
 
 I in 3. 
 
 I in 4>i. 
 
 I R. scam, and 
 2K. jalap in 2. 
 
 60 to i30g^r. 
 I to s grr. 
 20 to 6d gr. 
 
 20 to 60 gr. 
 I c to 30 gr. 
 
 III. Astringent Powders. — Two. 
 
 Catechu Compositus Catechu, kino, rbatany, i i in 3>^ 
 
 Coinp. Powder Catechu. "' ■™^— » * - 
 
 Cinnamomi Compositus 
 
 Comp. Powder Cinnamon. 
 Polvb Aromatlcus. 
 
 'lavoring and Demulcent Powders. — Two. 
 
 Catechu, kino, rbatany, 
 cinnamiSffiuid nutmeg. 
 
 Cinnamon, cardamom 
 and gingur. 
 
 I in 3. 
 
 10 to 40 gr. 
 ID to 40 gr. 
 
 Amygdalae Compositus 
 
 Comp. Powder Almonds. 
 ConiBCtlon of Almonds. 
 
 Tragacanthae Compos. 
 
 Comp. Powder Tragacanth. 
 
 V. Powders Containing Metallic Salt Bases.- 
 ^timonialis 
 Aatlmonial Powder. 
 
 Blanched sweet almonds, 
 sugar and acacia. 
 
 Tragacanth, Bcacia,starch 
 and sugar. 
 
 uomaticus 
 
 ArtHOatic Powder Chalk. 
 CoofHlio Anuuulca. 
 
 Antimonloas oztde and 
 calcium phosphate. 
 
 Cardamom, siifjar. clnna- 
 mon, prepared chalk, 
 nutmeg and doves. 
 
 I in t}-i. 
 
 I in 6. 
 
 I in 3. 
 
 I in4>^ 
 
 VI. Effervescent Powder.— One. 
 
 Sodas Tart- EffervescenS Tartaratedsodaandsodal 120 grs. tar- I 
 
 BSarmeentTartaratadSoda bicarb, in W« paper. tarated soda In 
 
 Powder. Tartaric acid in wKitt each blue paper. 
 
 Seldtits Powder. P^pw- ■ ' 
 
 (i t0 2 drs.) 
 
 20 to 60 gr. 
 
 10 tobogr. 
 
 Ad libitum. 
 
CYNOPSI8 or B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 RESINyE. RESINS. 
 
 Solid nranaratioM, wholly insoluble in water, obtained from plant-dniKs 
 
 by naturaLgilAided exudation, or by distillation of oil from olen-resini, or 
 
 by precipiUtion of concentrated alcoholic aolutiona by the aj^ncy of water. 
 
 They differ from alcoholic extracts, since they represent those prin- 
 cip'es only, which are soluble in alcohol and insoluble in water, while 
 Extracts contain aU the principles which are soluble in alcohoL 
 
 Natural Resins constitute the class obtained by natural exudation, or 
 after incision or the application of heat ; while .-i-iins resultin|r from the 
 precipitation of alcoholic solutions, or obtained as a residue rrmaininK 
 after distilling volatile oils from oleo-resins, constitute the Derived Resins. 
 
 The precipitation method implies the exhaustion of the drug with re;- 
 tified spirit by digestion or percolation or both combined, then distilling 
 to a syrupy consistence and subsequently pouring the liquid into a large 
 volume of cold water urder constant stirring, the resin deposits on stand- 
 ing, is washed repeatedly with cold water, collected, drained and dried, 
 while the extractive remains in solution in the aqueous liquid. 
 
 In preparing Podophyllum Resin, the concentrated percohite is poured 
 into water containing about four percent, of Hydrochloric Acid, for the 
 purpose of hastening the deposition of the resin. 
 
 RESINjE. 
 Six Offidml Raitu, tmv natural, four dtrivcd. 
 
 NflMKS AMD SyNONVMS. ! SkJRCBS. 
 
 1 
 
 PROCKSS. 
 
 DOSB. 
 
 Guaiaci Resina 
 
 GuaUcum Resin. 
 
 Jzh'}SB Resina 
 
 Jalap Resin. 
 PIx Burgundica 
 
 Burgundy Pttch. 
 
 Podophylli Resina 
 
 Podophyllum Resin. 
 
 Resina 
 
 Resin. 
 Colophony. 
 
 Scammoniae Resina 
 
 Baaiti Scanunony, 
 
 Stems of GiMtac«iii 
 o0UiHal4 and taitctum. 
 
 Tubercles otipomea. 
 purga. 
 
 Stems of Picta txetlta. 
 
 Rhizome of Podophyllum 
 ptttatum. 
 
 Crude oleoresin of 
 variourtpeciaai Pixm. 
 
 Root of CoHvolvutut 
 
 Exudation. 
 
 I}|g.,[>erc. and 
 precipitation. 
 
 Exudation. 
 
 Perc.. dill, and 
 prectpiudon. 
 
 Distillation. 
 
 Perc., dlst. and 
 precipitation. 
 
 SJo iSKTs. 
 
 2 to 5 gra. 
 Externally. 
 
 Vjo - gr. 
 Externally. 
 
f 
 
CALKS irmviacmTES — tm«vtacKtn salts. 85 
 
 SALES EFFERVESCENTE8. 
 EFFERVESCENi SALTS. 
 
 Solid substances in granular or powdered form, which dissolve when 
 bnMgbt into contact with water, with brisk effervescence. 
 
 Many bitter and otherwise unpleasant substances may, when prepared 
 ia the form of Effervescent Salts, be administered as palatable, cooling-| 
 flffbrvescing- draughts, on dissolving in water, the pungency of the dissolved 
 and escaping carbonic oxide serving to mask the disagreeable taste of 
 tlio medicating agent. 
 
 CoiiPO<:iTiON.— These salts are all prepared on the same general plan, 
 being composed of : — the Medicinal Agents ; the Effervescent Agents and 
 tha Flavoring Agents. 
 
 The Medicinal Agents. — Those represented in the official com- 
 pounds, are the saline substances indicated tn the specific titles of 
 the several effervescent preparations, viz. : Caffeine Citrate, Lithium 
 Citrate, Magnesium Sulphate, Sodium Sulphate, Sodium Phosphate, 
 Sodium Citro-Tartrate, and Sodium and INMassium Tartrate. Muny 
 other medicinal substances may be exhit»ted in granular effervescent 
 form, «.jf. Pepsin, Citrate Iron and Quinine, Sodium Salicylate, Caffeine 
 Hydrobromide, Cerium and Bismuth Com|M>unds, as well as salines 
 representing the main constituents of the popular mineral springH. 
 If the medicinal substance contains much water of crystallization, it 
 ^(Mikl be rendered partially or wholly anhydrous by desiccation, before 
 admixture with the other ingredients. 
 
 The Effervescent Agents. — These are represented by Sodium 
 Bicarbonate combined with Citric or Tartaric Acid. If a granular sit.\i in 
 to be made, Citric Acid is generally selected, since the resultingg^nuiules 
 are firmer and will keep better i as a rule, a mixture of the two acids is 
 preferred. 
 
 When the effervescent compound is dissolved in water, the acids 
 decompose the alkali-bicarbonate, with copious evolution of carbonic 
 ^ndde. When formulae are to be devised for special combinations, in 
 order to regulate the reaction of the dissolved product, as to whether it 
 shall be acid, neutral or alkaline, it should be borne in mind, that, 20 
 gnuns Sodium Bicarbonate will saturate ly'SgrainsTai-taric Acidor 16*7 
 grains of Citric Acid, and the quantity of acid or alkali to be used may 
 be calculated from this statement. 
 
 The Flavoring Agents. — Powder Refined Sugar is in most 
 
 cases employed for this purpose, or the Sugar may be further flavored, 
 
 when so desired, with Spirits of Orange or Lemon, or Alcoholic Tincture 
 
 Celery Seed, etc. 
 
 Granulation. — The several ingredients in fine powder, should be 
 
 uniformly mixed without much pressure, and may then be granulated by 
 
 either of the following methods. Any fine particles should be removed 
 
 Irom the finished product by shaking in a 20 to 30-mesh sieve. 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 The Alcohol Process. — The powder is dampened with Commercial 
 Alcohol (94 p.c. by volume), to a stiff paste, which it then to be rubbed 
 through a well tinned 6 or 8-mesh sieve with the hand. The reaultingr 
 granules are dried by exposure to dry air, or in a suitable drying-ctoset 
 having a temperature not exceeding 130" F, (54'4'' ^- '• 
 
 The Heat Process.— TA« Ofkial Procfss.—The mixture is placed 
 in a pan or dish which has been previously heatet* o 200" to aao*| F. 
 (93*5" to 104-5° C.). and the heat continued until »,* aii-iusion has M»t 
 commenced, when the pasty mass is to be qukkly stirred to form 
 granules, which are subsequently dried in a close . t 130" F. (54*4 Co- 
 Preservation.— Effervescent Salts should be kept in well stoppered 
 bottles, as they readily attract moisture from the atmosphere, and then 
 rapidly deteriorate. 
 
 There are six official effervescent compounds in the form of gramuhs^ 
 and one in the form of powdtr All contain sodium bicarlwnate, tartaric 
 and citric acids, excepting Pulvi» Sods Tartaratas Effervescens, which 
 contains no citric acid. 
 
 SALES EFFERVESOENTC8. 
 
 Stvtn Official Bffervtscent SalU. 
 
 Names and Svhonyhs. 
 
 Cmsr Ihokkdiiht. 
 Rbmakks. 
 
 Efftrvncmt : 
 
 Caffeinae Citras 
 
 Eflwns. Caffirine Citrate. 
 
 Lithii Citras 
 
 Blsrves. Ltthlum Citrate. 
 
 Magnesii Sulphas 
 
 E^Maf^esium SultriiatP. 
 Efierves. Eps«mSalt. 
 
 Sodii Citro-Tartras 
 
 Eff. Sodium Cltro-Tartrate. 
 
 Sodii Phosphas 
 
 Eff. Sodium Phosphate. 
 
 Sodii Sulphas 
 
 Effervea. Sodium Sulphate 
 Bfferves. Glauber's Salt. 
 
 Pulvis Sodae Tartaratae 
 
 Eff. Tarurated Soda Powd. 
 Eff Rocbelle Salt. 
 Seldlttc Powder. 
 
 CaffeiDe citrate. 
 Contaioatuiar. 
 
 Lithium citrate. 
 Contains no sugar. 
 
 Magnesium suIiAate. 
 Contains togor. 
 
 Sodium bicarb., cltiic 
 and tartaric acids. 
 Contains sugar. 
 
 Sodium phosphate. 
 Contains no sugar. 
 
 Sodium sulphate. 
 Contains no sugar. 
 
 Rochelle salt and sodium 
 bicarb, in blue paper 
 Tart.add in white pa| 
 
 Contains no sugar. 
 
 1 in 25. 
 
 iiogrs.tartara- 
 ted soda In 
 •Mb powder. 
 
 60 to 1 ao gr. 
 
 60 to 1 30 gr. 
 
 / 60 to 340 gr, 
 \ 1-3 to I OS. 
 
 /60 to l30gX* 
 \ 1-4 to 1-3 oz. 
 
 r6oto i30gr. 
 
 \ 1-4 to 1-3 oz. 
 
 (i to 3 of each 
 powder). 
 
■?nj^^- 
 
Sl'PriWITOmA— DUPPOHITOIIIIiii. 
 
 "7 
 
 8UPP0SIT0RIA. SUPPOSITORIES. 
 
 Solid medicinal preparxtioiiM of cylindrical, lonicnl or (tlobtil;,, r,>rm 
 to bt introduced into the rectum, urethra or vajfina, ind of ,uch a con! 
 »i«tence that they will melt at the Irmperaturr of the body, or liquefy in 
 the preKenc-e of moiNture. 
 
 Bases. -The bases employed in making suppositories are oil of theo- 
 broma (cacao butter) or glycerin-gelatin ; the former is the one used in most 
 case», on account ofita low-fusing point— 88 to 93»F. (jri loJJ-g'C.)— 
 and its bland, non-irritant properties. White Beeswax is combined v !, 
 cacao butter in .Suppos. Acidi Carbolici, as a simple cacao-butter ba« 
 would furnish a rather soft mass. In fact, more or less >• 'it, beeswss, 
 according to prevniling temperatures, may be used in place of an equal 
 quantity of cacao butter in India and the colonies, when otherwise the 
 •appositories of the Text of the Pharmacopoeia would be too soft for con- 
 venient use. 
 
 EXCIPIENT.— Cacao butter frequently " mass. , ■ with difficulty, espe- 
 cially if it is to be combined with dry powders or extracts ; in such cases the 
 presence of a small quantity of an adhesive, firm, fatty excipient is indi- 
 cated, for which purpose Adeps Un« Hydrosus, so-called " Lanolin ." is 
 recommended. Glycerin is often employed, but cannot be calicdT'sInis- 
 factory excipient. 
 
 Shapes amd Sizes.— Suppositories (recul suppositories), •hould be 
 about 7-8th. inch in length, and represent the bulk of 15 10 16 grains of 
 cacao-butter, and should be of a rounded conical form, the outline being 
 represented by two convex surfaces; rarely ordered to weigh 30 grains 
 Pessaries (vaginal suppositories), differ from recta] suppositories 
 only in size and weight ; their weight should be about 60 grains, rarely 
 1 JO grains ; they are occasionally globular in form. 
 
 BOIJOIES (urethral sopposilor,.-,), should weigh i j to 30 grains ; length 
 2^ inches or more, diameter about i-j inch; in shape, a cylindrical 
 pipe with one end rounded. 
 
 -^ PREPARATION.-Suppositories are rolled by hand, or cast in moulds 
 previously cooled on ice or in iced-water, the interior of the moulds having 
 been dusted with lycopodinm, or pencilled with glycerin or soap liniment 
 m order to prevent the suppository from adhering to it : also made by cold 
 compression, which is the most satisfactory process for neariy every case 
 furnishing suppositories with facility and despatch, that are attractive in 
 appearance and elegant in finish, and accurate, perfect and uniform in size 
 
 1 
 
Mioocorr msouition tbt chart 
 
 (ANSI oikI ISO TEST CHART No. 2) 
 
 /1PPLIED IM^GE Inc 
 
 15S3 Eost Moin Street 
 
 Rochnter. Now York U609 US« 
 
 (716) *82 - 0300 - Phone 
 
 (716) 28B-5989 -Fa. 
 
SYNOPSIS OF B. P. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 and shape; features that are usually conspicuous by their absence in 
 suppositories made by other methods. Glycerin suppositories may be 
 made of various sizes — 30, 60, or 130 grains in weigrht, as desired. 
 
 SUPPOSITORIA. 
 
 Sevtn Official Suppositories. 
 
 Names and Synokyus. 
 
 Suppositoria : 
 
 Acidi Carbolic! 
 
 Carbolic Acid Suppositories. 
 Phenol Suppositories. 
 
 Acidi Tannici 
 
 Tannic Acid Suppositories. 
 
 Belladonnae 
 
 Belladonaa Suppositories. 
 
 Glycerini 
 
 Glvcerin Suppositories. 
 Gelatin Suppositories. 
 
 Iodoform! 
 
 Iodoform Suppositories. 
 
 Morphinae 
 
 Morphine Suppositories. 
 
 Plumbi Composita 
 
 Comp. Lead Suppositories. 
 
 Cacao butter and white 
 beeswax. 
 
 Cacao butter. 
 Cacao butter. 
 Gelatin. 
 
 Cacao butter. 
 Cacao butter. 
 Cacao butter. 
 
 Each coHMins : 
 I grain. 
 
 3 grains. 
 
 I 1-3 grs. ale. ext. belted., 
 or i-6o gr. alkaloids. 
 
 70 per cent, glrcerin. 
 
 3 grains. 
 
 i-^th laai n morphi ne 
 nyd^chlo rtde- 
 
 3 gr*. lead acetate and 
 I grain opiuin 
 
 TABELL>e. TABLETS. 
 
 Small lozenges of chocolate with some medicament, each weif^hinff 
 five grains (o'32S). 
 
 Out Official Tablet. 
 Tabelles Trinitrlni. Trinitrin Tablets. Glonoin Tablets. Tablets of 
 Nitroglycerin. Each tablet contains l-iooth grain {o'Ooo6s gram) of 
 trinitroglycerin, C,H,(NO,),, of commerce, and weighs five grains. 
 Dose : One or two tablets. 
 

 '7 
 
 
 ! 
 
 <«t^^**- ,,ife« <J^**7 A""^"^^ ^Jsd~_^-»--c<.*/' 
 
 •-w" ^>>^ ^iLJ^ .-T'l'Zt^L, ^«-c^Js /?v— J^X. 
 
 •^"H~«^s> ; 
 
 
 .^l-^A 
 
 S a^L^ / 1^ 
 
 ^^ 
 
 
 iss-^^ 
 
 -^T"/ 
 

 ;l^ 
 
TROCHI8CI— TRIXHES. 
 
 89 
 
 TROCHISCI. TROCHES (Lozenges). 
 Mixtures of medicinal substances with sugar, gum acacia and a 
 suitable flavoring agent, formed by the aid of mucilage of gum acaci.i 
 and mechanical means, into flat pieces of circular, square, octagonal or 
 other forms. Weight, about n.t irrains (1 gram) ea ch. 
 
 Preparation.— The ingredients are beaten into aplastic and adhesive 
 mass, rolled out into thin flat sheets, divided into pieces of the desired 
 shape by means of lozenge-cutters, and finally dried in a hot-air chamber 
 at a moderate temperature. 
 
 Bases.— The constituents of the mass, other than the medicating 
 agent, taken collectively, constitute the Basis, and five diflerent combina- 
 tions are employed in preparing the official lozenges, differing mainly as 
 to the kind of flavoring agent selected. 
 
 The Simple Basis contains refined sugar and gum acacia, both finely 
 powdered, mucilage of gum acacia and distilled water. Other bases 
 contain the same ingredients, but with the addition of a specified flavor. 
 
 Fruit Basis.— Containsblack currant paste, softened with boiling water. 
 
 Rose Basis.— Has rose water, instead of distilled water. 
 
 TOLU B.«ls.— Tincture of balsam of tolu is used, in connection with 
 the usual constituents. 
 
 Orange BASls.-Contains tincture of orange j is used only in pre- 
 paring sulphur lozenges. 
 
 DOSES.— The doses of Lozenges are not mentioned in the B. P but 
 
 may be considered as one to four. 
 
 SevtHtteH O^ .OKengis. 
 
 TROCHISCI. 
 
 Names and Synokyus. 
 
 TrochitCHS : 
 
 Acidi Benzoici 
 
 Benzoic Add Lozenge. 
 
 Acidi Carbolici 
 
 Carbolic Add Lozenge. 
 Phenol Lozenge. 
 
 Acidi Tannici 
 
 Tannic Acid Lozenge. 
 
 Bismuthi Compositus 
 
 Compound Bismuth Lozenge. 
 
 Chief Ihgkedirnts 
 in each lozrnoe. 
 
 Benzoic add, one-half-graln. 
 Pheno l, one grain. 
 
 Tannic acid, one-half grain. 
 
 Bismuth carb., two grains. 
 Magnes. carb., two grains. 
 Ppt d calcium carb,, four grs. 
 
 Fruit. 
 Tolu. 
 
 Fruit. 
 Rose. 
 
SYNOPSIS or B. p. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 
 TBOCHISCX-Continuid. 
 
 NaMRB AMD Sir!«ONVMS. 
 
 Troehiseut : 
 
 Catechu 
 
 Catechu Lozenge. 
 
 Eucalypti Gummi 
 
 Eucalyptui Gum Loxsoge. 
 
 Ferri Redacti 
 
 Reduced Iron Lozenge. 
 
 Guaiaci Resinae 
 
 Guaiacum-Resia Lozenge. 
 
 tpecacuanhse 
 
 Ipecacuanha Lozeoge. 
 
 KramerJse 
 
 Krameria Lozenge. 
 Rhatany Lozenge. 
 
 Kramerise etCocainae 
 
 Krameria and Cocaine Loz« 
 lUiatany and Cocaine Loz. 
 
 Morphlnae 
 
 Morphine Lozeoge. 
 
 Morphinae et Ipecac. 
 
 Morphine and Ipecac, Loz. 
 
 Potassii Chloratis 
 
 Potassium Chlorate Lozenge. 
 
 yi. Santonin! 
 
 Santonlne Lozenge. 
 
 Sodii Bicarbonatis 
 
 Sodium Bicarbonate Lozenge, 
 
 Sulphuris 
 
 Sulphur Loienge. 
 
 Chikf Imorrdients 
 in each lozkngk. 
 
 Catechu, one grain. 
 
 Eucalyptus one grain. 
 
 Reduced iron, one grain . 
 
 Guaiacum resin, three grains. 
 
 Ipecac, rooti one^fourth grain. 
 
 Extract Krameria. one grain. 
 i 
 
 Extract Krameria, one grain. 
 Cocaine hydrochloride, one- 
 twentieth grain. 
 
 Morph. hy drochloride , one- 
 ttiny llxlh grain" " 
 
 Ipecad.>W«, Pife-iv?l!lft h grain, 
 i'otass. chJorala, Ihim liraUlS. 
 
 Santonin, one grain. 
 
 Sodium bicarbonate, three grs. 
 
 Prectp. sulphur, five grains. 
 Potass, bitartrate, one grain. 
 
 Simple. 
 
 Fruit. 
 
 Simple. 
 
 Fruit. 
 
 Fruit, 
 
 Fruit. 
 
 Fruit. 
 
 Tolu. 
 
 Tolu. 
 
 Rose. 
 
 Simple. 
 
 Rose. 
 
 Orang*. 
 
TNGUENTA — OINTMENT!. 
 
 UNQUENTA. OINTMENTS. 
 
 Unctuoui preparations of such a consistence that they may be rubbed 
 on the akin, and g'radually liquefy while in contact, or Hufficiently sod to 
 be spread upon cloth, cotton-wool or gauze at the ordinary temperature, 
 yet firm enough to adhere to the skin without melting. 
 
 This class comprises both the preparations known in other pharma- 
 copoeias as Cerata (Cerates), unctuous preparations which melt above the 
 normal temperature of the human body, and those termed Ungutnta (Oint- 
 ments), which melt at or below 99^F. 
 
 Preparation. — The pharmaceutical processes involved in the prepar- 
 ation of the official ointments are: trituration (incorporation), fusion, and 
 chemical action with fusion. 
 
 It is highly important that a suitable base be employed, and that 
 it be absolutely free from rancidity, as well as that the medicating material 
 be of suitable character. It is therefore necessary in preparing ointments, 
 that due consideration be given to the intelligent selection of the base, 
 having due regard for the object of its use, as to whether the ointment 
 is designed for mere superficial action, or intended to produce a local or 
 general effect through the absorption of its medicinal ingredients. 
 
 Many substances, such as mercury, iodine, the alkaloids, etc., can be 
 made to produce their effects upon the system when applied in the form of 
 ointment, quite as effectually as when taken fcr ora, hence ointments re- 
 quired for such purposes, should -be prepared with bases that readily and 
 deeply penetrate the tissues. 
 
 Bases. — The official bases are: lard, benzoated laid, soft paraffin, 
 hydrous wool-fat, almond and olive oilit. Beeswax, indurated (hardened) 
 lard, hard paraffin and spermaceti are frequently employed in conjunc- 
 tion with the bases just mentioned, in order to raise the melting-point of 
 the product, or when the base is of itself too soft for practical use. 
 
 A classification of important official ointment bases ToIIowk : 
 
 OINTMENT BASES. 
 
 Namks and Synohyhs. 
 
 Source, etc. 
 
 Having Lower Melting Points. 
 
 Adeps 
 
 Purified Lard. 
 Adeps Suillas. 
 Axangta Porclna. 
 
 Adeps Benzoatus 
 
 Benzoated Lard. 
 Benzoin Ointment. 
 
 Purified abdominal fat of 
 tbebog,Siu scrofa. 
 
 Lard and powd. benzoin. 
 
 I Fu^on and 
 Colation. 
 
 Melts iou>'P 
 
 Melts loo^F., 
 (S78*-C.). 
 
•vNomii or ■■ p. miPAiiATioNi. 
 
 OINTMENT BASe»-< ««'»'*'. 
 
 NaMII and SrHOMVHI. 
 
 SOURCI, KTC. 
 
 PaocBaa. 
 
 Rkmankb. 
 
 Adaps Lanee 
 
 Purified Cboletierln-fal of 
 
 Maearatlen 
 
 M*lUia4*to 
 
 Wool Fu. 
 
 abeepa wool. 
 
 with benxln 
 
 .M-F. 
 
 AnhydroiM Lanolin. 
 
 
 or ether. 
 
 (40-10 44VC.) 
 
 Adeps Lanse Hydrofus 
 
 Woil-fatty^andwaterO). 
 
 Fusion and 
 
 MeliD 104* 10 
 
 Hydrout Wool-F«t. 
 LuoUd. 
 
 KU »**1A- 
 
 trituration. 
 
 iifF. 
 (44*to44VC.) 
 
 Ol«um Amygdalae 
 
 Ripe teed of Utter or 
 
 Exprttilon. 
 
 ConcMls-4'F. 
 
 Almond Oil. 
 
 ■weet almond. 
 
 
 (ao*C.). 
 
 
 Sp. srav. o'gij t I'^to. 
 
 
 
 Oleum Olivse 
 
 Ripe '-ult oiOtia tunpaa. 
 
 Expresalon. 
 
 I'lonfMlsss'F. 
 
 Olive on. 
 
 Sp. grav. 0-914 to 0-919. 
 
 
 
 Paraffinum Molle 
 
 Soft Purittn 
 
 Mixed bydrpcarboni, repre- 
 senting lbs teu volatile 
 
 Fraction diL 
 llllatlon and 
 
 Malts 06* to 
 
 loa-^ir; 
 
 
 porllont of petroleum. 
 
 purlflcatlon. 
 
 iM5*to38Vw) 
 
 F'MrulMna.' 
 
 Sp. grav. 0-840 to 0-870. 
 
 
 Havin 
 
 B HiGHKR MbLTINO POINTB. 
 
 Adeps Induratus 
 
 Lard, freed of aome cf Iti 
 
 
 Varies, ac- 
 
 Indurated l^ard. 
 
 oil ^ X preMure. 
 
 
 cording to 
 
 Hardened Urd. 
 
 
 
 quantity of 
 oil removed. 
 
 Cera Alba 
 
 Yellow beeawax, bleached 
 
 Exposure to 
 
 ri^i^ 
 
 Wblta Wax. 
 
 
 moisture, air 
 
 White Becfwas. 
 
 
 and light. 
 
 (e«-jto«j-9.c) 
 
 Cera Flava 
 
 Honeycomb of the Hive 
 
 Fusion and 
 
 M.l<.,i«5. 
 toI4>»F. 
 
 Yellow Wax. 
 
 llee, ApUm*UiJica. 
 
 expresalon. 
 
 YeUow Beeswax. 
 
 Sp. grav. 0-960 to 0*973. 
 
 
 (6J-5lo63-9"C) 
 
 Cetaceum 
 
 Fat from bead ^ ' "perm 
 
 Filtration, ex- 
 
 MdU, tu'S* 
 to la,. F. 
 
 Spetmaeetl. 
 
 whale, Pkyttttr macroct~ 
 
 
 
 phaltu. 
 
 purification. 
 
 (46»t0 30-C.) 
 
 Paraffinum Durum 
 
 ''etroleum or thale. 
 
 Distillation, 
 
 Melts, no" 
 
 Hard Paraffin. 
 
 o-8a to o'94. 
 
 refrigeration 
 
 10 140° f. 
 
 Paraffin Wax. 
 
 
 and purlfica'- 
 
 l«-3"lo«!.C.) 
 Non-sapon. 
 
 Solid Paraffin. 
 
 ; tlon. 
 
 Lard. — Ranks amonfj 
 
 -■ the best ointment bases, being characterized 
 
 by deep absorption ; gr 
 
 eat affinity for liquids, thereby permitting its 
 
 ready incorporation with 
 
 aqueous and other fluid preparations ; general 
 
 firm consistence ; a meltin 
 
 g-point that approximates the body-temperature ; 
 
 the cheapness and readin 
 
 ess with which it can be purified ; and the fact 
 
 that it softens the skin bettt 
 
 »r than other bases. Its inclination to rancidity, 
 
 followed by granulation, i 
 
 s perhapH the sole objection to its ewe! -wve use. 
 

 a-yxf 
 
 
 >-*-«> 
 
I'HO NTA-OINTMKNTM. 
 
 BiNiOATBp Lard. -Thin compound pOHUine* *' of the dr^irkble 
 fBAturcH of purified Urd kh an uintment-baiie, but with Itn tendency to 
 rancidilv iioinewh«t IcMsenod when properly prepared, but thii can hardly 
 be claimed for an ointment prepa.red by the official method. 
 
 HVDKOua Wool-Fat. — PoaMHiiea advant:' t«i of deepobnorptlon i a 
 ikln-«o(tener ; wonderful affinity for liquids; .1 nrm conHJMcnee 1 freedom 
 from rancidity, and a melting-point near the biHly-tempcrature,— hence 
 in quit* aoft at 9B'8**K., (37''C.) It in, however, objectionably adheaive 
 PtrUf but this atickincMN can bedininitihed by combining* it with paraffin oil. 
 
 SorT Paraffin. — Does not lun the akin or penetrate the tisMuea 
 nearly aa readily as lard or wool-fat, and hence it valued mainly aa a 
 bland, neutral, protective drenming. It doe^ not mix with aqueous fluida. 
 Keeps permanently, has a low melting-point, and is not acted jpon by 
 acids or alkalies. 
 
 Olive Oil| Almond Oil, Cocoanut Oil, Oleic A id, etc., fionen the Hkin 
 readily and are deeply abHorbed and hence are • ^factory media for pro- 
 m Ming the administration of medicinal ingrediei .n the form of ointment. 
 All the alkaloidal ointments contain oleic acid, which is combined with the 
 free alkaloid to form an oleate, before incorporating with the base. 
 
 HlLTiNO-PoiNT R/..SBRS.— The bases possessing the hightr 'elting- 
 points are employed when the ointment would otherwise be ut 7 soft 
 or Nemi-fluid In consistence. Their presence yields firmer oin( nts in 
 proportion to the quantity used. In India and other tropical coloniest 
 where prevailing high temperatures render the official base too soft for 
 convenient u^e, a greater quantity of the higher melting-point bases, viz. i 
 indurated lard, prepared suet, yellow or white beeswax, may be employed, 
 but the official proportion of activeingredient must in all cases be maintained. 
 
 Indurated Lard can be employed with advantage in the sub-tropi- 
 cal climates to produce ointments of suitable consistence to withstand the 
 softening tendencies of the heat of summer. It is prepared by subjecting 
 lard to pressure, thereby depriving it of a portion of its oil(o/#in), furnish- 
 ing a product that contains a greater proportion of the more solid fats, 
 palmitin and Mtearin. In the Province of Ontario, a mixture of purified lard, 
 three parts, and indurated lard, one part, furnisheK an excellent ointment 
 base. In India, the base should be indurated lard with no added purified lard. 
 
 Hard Paraffin. — Employed in combination with soft paraffin, as 
 Paraffin Ointment, in preparing many of the oHIicial ointments. When 
 used as a base for ointments containing while substances, the whiU variety 
 of Soft Paraffin is used j f^r yellow substances, th^yillew variety. 
 
SVHOraS OF B. p. PREPARATIONS. 
 
 The ointments are here classified acccrdin^ to their bases ; Lard is 
 used in preparing^ 8 ointments; Benzoated Lard, 13! Soft Paraffin, j j 
 Hard and Soft Paraffins, 3 j Paraffin Ointment, 10 ; Hydrous Wool-Fat, 
 2 i Almond Oil with Spermaceti and Yellow Wax, 2 ; Olive Oil, 2 ; Yellow 
 Wax, alone, i. 
 
 UNGUENTA. 
 
 Forty /our Official Oinlmnh. 
 
 I AND Synonyms. 
 
 PKOCBta. 
 
 Strkngtk. 
 
 Remarks, Constit- 
 ubkts, etc. 
 
 L Having Lard (pcrihSd) for thiir Base.— Eight. 
 
 UHgumtum : 
 
 0( 
 
 \> 
 
 Aconitina 
 
 Aconi^ine Ointment. 
 
 Atropinae 
 
 Atropine Ointment. 
 
 Cocainae 
 
 Cocaine Ointment. 
 
 Hydrargyri 
 
 Mercury Olntn^ent. 
 Blue Ointment. 
 Troopers Ointment. 
 
 'Hydrargyri Nitratis 
 
 Mercuric Nitrate Ointment. 
 Citrine Ointment. 
 
 Unguentum Cltrinum. 
 
 lodi 
 
 Iodine Ointment. 
 
 Resinae 
 
 Resin Ointment. 
 Basilicon Ointment. 
 
 Veratrinae 
 
 Veratrine Ointment. 
 
 A 
 
 Incoiporation. 
 Incorporation. 
 Incorporation. 
 Incorporation . 
 
 Chemical action. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 Fusion. 
 
 Incorporation. i in 
 
 150- 
 
 Alkaloid dluolve J In 
 oleic acid. 
 
 Alkaloid dissolved In 
 oleic add. 
 
 Alkaloid dissolved In 
 ol glcacid . 
 
 Contains prepared suet. 
 
 Contains olive oil. 
 
 Contains pofuj^uii 
 Iodide and glycerin. 
 
 CvitainsyjjUoJK^a 
 and olive oil. ^ 
 
 Alkaloid dlsaidved in 
 
 oleic acid. 
 
 II. Having Benzoated Lard for 
 
 Belladonnas Evaporation and 
 
 Belladonna Ointment. Incorporation. 
 
 THBiR Base.— Thirteen. 
 
 Cantharidis 
 
 Cantharldes Ointment. 
 Spantsh-Fly Ointment. 
 ifngueDtum Lyttte. 
 
 Chrysarobini 
 
 Chrysarobln Ointment. 
 
 Gallae 
 
 Gall ointment. 
 Nut-gall Ointment. 
 
 Ftfslon and Di- 
 gestion. 
 
 Incorporation with 
 Fusion. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 6 Iiq.ext.in lo. 
 
 I in 25. 
 
 Evap. Hq. ezt. to de< 
 finite weight beforK " 
 Incorporating. 
 
 Digest 13 hours, at 
 
 iw)'»F.(48-9"C.) 
 
 Only modm^i^eat 
 should be employed. 
 
 
%» 
 
UNGUKNTA — OINTMENTS. 
 
 95 
 
 -^ 
 
 UNQUENTA-(-o«<M.«(. 
 
 Nambi and Syhohthi. 
 
 PlOCBH. 
 
 Strength. 
 
 Remarks, CoNtTtT- 
 IIENTI, ETC. 
 
 UngHtntum ; 
 
 
 
 
 Gallse cum Opio 
 
 GiOl with Opium Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 ri%ojAnm. 
 
 Conttlnt powdered 
 opium. 
 
 Hydrargyri lodidi Rubri 
 
 Mercuric Iodide Ointment. 
 Oiui. Red Iodide Mercury. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 1 in 25. 
 
 
 Hydrargyri Oleatis 
 
 Mercuric Oleate Ointment. 
 
 Hydrargyri Subchloridi 
 
 Mercurous Chloride Ointment. 
 
 Calomel Ointment 
 
 Olnt. Subchloride Mercury. 
 
 Potassii lodidi 
 
 Potassium Iodide Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 Incorporation. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 I in 4. 
 1 in 10. 
 
 I in 10. 
 
 Precipitated oleate 
 
 Contains ""*«int"'" 
 carbonate and water. 
 
 Staph isagriae 
 
 Stavesacre Ointment. 
 
 Dig^estion and 
 fusion. 
 
 About I 
 in 10. 
 
 Contains yellow bees* 
 wax. 
 
 Sulphuris 
 
 Sulphur Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 1 in 10. 
 
 
 Sulphuris lodidi 
 
 Sulphur Iodide Olotmeot. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 I in 35. 
 
 Sulphur Iodide lavU 
 gated with glycerin. 
 
 Zinci 
 Zino Ointment. 
 Ointment Ziao Oxido. 
 
 Fusion. 
 
 3 in 30. 
 
 Finely sifted zinc oxide 
 required. 
 
 HI. Having Soft Paraffin for their Base.— Three. 
 
 Hydrargyri Nitratis Dil. 
 
 Oil. Mercuric Nitrate Olnt. 
 Diluted Citrine Ointment. 
 
 Hydrargyrt Oxidi Flavi 
 
 Yellow Mercuric Oxide Olnt. 
 
 Zinci Oleatis 
 
 2inc Oleate Olotmeni. 
 
 Incoiporation. i strongs Soft paraffin, yellow, 
 oint. in 5. 
 
 Incorporation. 1 in 50. Soft paraffin, yellow. 
 
 Fusion. I in 2. Soft paraffin, white, 
 
 "- ^««„^ with reeentiv pre- 
 
 pared zinc oleate. 
 
 IV. Having Both Hard and Soft Paraffins for their Base.— Three. 
 
 Creosoti 
 
 Creosote Ointment. 
 
 Eucalypti 
 
 Eucalyptus Ointment. 
 
 Paraffin! 
 
 Paraffin Ointment. 
 
 Fusion. 
 Fusion. 
 Fusion. 
 
 I in 10. 
 
 Paraffins, 
 Hard-3. 
 Soft-y. 
 
 Creosote added after 
 ftistoo. 
 
 Oil of eucalyptus. 
 
 Basis for ten official 
 ointments. 
 
svNonn or B. r. pripaiiatiohs. 
 
 
 UNQUENTA-^o^-w. 
 
 
 
 Namks and Synomtms. 
 
 oc... 
 
 STRBHOTlt. 
 
 RSMABKI, COHSTIT- 
 UINTS, KTC, 
 
 
 V. Having Paraffin Ointment for thbir Base.— Ten. 
 
 
 Vngtuntum : 
 
 Acidi Borici 
 
 Boric Add Ointment. 
 Boradc Acid Ointment. 
 
 Incorporatioti. 
 
 1 in ID. 
 
 Boric acid In nry fine 
 powder. 
 
 « 
 
 Acidi Carbolici 
 
 Carbolic Acid Ointment. 
 Phenol Ointment. 
 
 Incorporatioti. 
 
 I in 2a, 
 
 Glycerin to dlaaolv* 
 paenoi. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Acidi Salicylici 
 
 SallcyUc Add Ointment. 
 
 Incorfioration. 
 
 I in 50. 
 
 Avoid uainvatMl 
 ■patuia. 
 
 J( 
 
 Glycerin] Plumbi 
 Sub-acetatis. 
 
 Lead Sub-acetate Ointment. 
 Olnt. Glj'C. Lead Sub-acetate. 
 
 Hydrargyri Ammoniati 
 
 Ammonlated Mercury Olnt. 
 White Predplute Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 Incorporation. 
 
 I in 6. 
 I in 10. 
 
 Ctyeerin of lead lub- 
 aoetatfl used. 
 
 /> 
 
 Hydrargyri Oxidi Rubri 
 Red Mercuric Oxide Ointment. 
 Red Predpitate Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation, 
 
 I in 10. 
 
 Levigate HgO with , 
 water, jx^ ^J^z: 
 
 >^ 
 
 Iodoform i 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 I in 10. 
 
 Levigate iodoform 
 wlA alcohol. 
 
 
 Plumbi Acetatis 
 
 Lead Acetate Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 1 in as- 
 
 
 
 Plumbi Carbonatis 
 
 Lead Carbonate Ointment. 
 Ung. CeruauB. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 I in 10. 
 
 
 
 Plumbi lodidi 
 
 Lead Iodide Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 I in 10. 
 
 
 
 VI. Having Hvdr( 
 
 )us Wool- Fat 
 
 '?R THEIR 
 
 5ase.— Two. 
 
 
 Conii 
 
 Conium Ointment. 
 Hemlock Ointment. 
 
 IncorporattCii. 
 
 3 juice in i . 
 
 Conium jolce (8), evap. 
 to<t)at i40"F.(6o"C.) 
 
 v- 
 
 ^^Hamameiidis 
 
 Hamamelis Ointment. 
 Witch Hazel Ointment. 
 
 Incorporation. 
 
 1 in 10. 
 
 >t^ ^^^fzu 
 
UNGURNTA— OlNTMBN-n. 
 
 97 
 
 UNQUENTA-CoHAM(«rf. 
 
 NaNKS and SvHONTNt. 
 
 PROCISS. 
 
 Stkbnoth 
 
 Rbmarks, Combtit. 
 
 UINT*, ETC. 
 
 VII. Having Alhomd Op. with Spermaceti and White Wax.— Two. 
 
 Svaued with oil of 
 
 ->i 
 
 Vngntntum : 
 
 Aqu» R088B 
 
 Hoaa-wtter Olntmeot, 
 Cold Cream. 
 Uofnenlum GBlanl. 
 
 Cetacei 
 
 Spenoacell Ointment. 
 
 Fusion and In> 
 corporation. 
 
 Fusion. 
 
 7 in 19. 
 
 I ins- 
 
 Banxoated. 
 
 VIII. Having Olive Oil for their Base.— Two. 
 
 Cap»ici I niyeition. 
 
 Cips*cum Ointment. | 
 
 Hydrargyri Compositumj Fusion. 
 
 Ompound Merenry Ointment 
 
 I In J about. 
 
 Men. Oint. 
 I In aji. 
 
 Contain! aparmaeetl. 
 
 Contain! jrelJow beea- 
 wax and camphor. 
 
 Picis Liquidw 
 TarOlntmmt. 
 
 IX. Having Yellow Wax for a Base.— One. 
 I Fusion. I 5 in 7- I 
 
INDEX. 
 
 
 A 
 
 Concrete volatile oils, 41 
 
 
 Absolute alcohol, 44 
 Acrta, 7 
 
 Con&ctlonei, 69 
 Confections. 69 
 
 
 Acida, 8 
 
 Conserves, 69 
 
 
 Acids, 8 
 
 Croup syrup. 4S 
 
 
 Adeps. 38.91,93 
 
 * r. 
 
 
 BenzoatuB, 38, gi . 93 
 
 D 
 
 
 nduratus, 38, 92,93 
 
 Decocta. 14 
 
 
 Lann Hydroius, j8, 93, 93 
 
 Decoctions, 14 
 
 
 Alcohol, 30 p.c, 44 
 
 Concentrated. ij,33 
 Dinner pill. Lady Webster's, 79 
 
 
 4SP-C..44 
 
 80 p.c, 44 
 
 
 Discs. 77 
 
 
 70 P.c. 44 
 
 Disinfecting solutions, a8 
 
 
 90 PC 44 
 
 
 
 94 p.c.. 44 
 
 Absolutum,44 
 
 E 
 
 
 Commercial, 44 
 Diluted, 44 
 Dlluticn Table. 15 
 Dttu-'. ns. Rule for, 48 
 Dllutum, 44 
 Ethyl. 44 
 Etbyllcum, 44 
 Alkaline Solutloni, 30 
 
 Efferveseent salts, 83 
 
 
 Electuaries, 69 
 Emplasira, m 
 Eswntlal oils. 39 
 Ethyl alcohol, 44 
 
 
 Extracta. 73, H , 
 Extractaliqulda, 16 
 
 Aqueous, 75 
 Fluid 16 
 
 
 Alkaloidftl salts, 66 
 SolntioDs of, 96 
 Alkaloldes. 65 
 
 
 Alkaloids, 6s 
 
 Aloes and Canella, powder of, 83 
 
 Masticb, pills of, 79 
 AmmonlL*n salts, solutions of, 30 
 
 Standardized, 16 
 Green. 73, 74 
 Juice-. 73,74 
 Liquid, 16 
 
 Standardized, 16 
 Solid, 73, 74 
 
 
 Arsenical solutions. 27 
 
 
 B 
 
 StandardUed,73 
 
 
 Basbam's Mixture, 39 
 
 F 
 
 
 Blistering solution, 30 
 Brown Mixture. 33 
 Cathartic pills, compound, 79 
 
 Fixed oils, 36 
 
 Fluid extracta, 16 
 Food. Chemical. 48 
 
 
 Improved, 79 
 
 
 Vegetable, 79 
 Caustic solutions, 29 
 Cbarta, 6q 
 Chemical food. 48 
 
 
 G 
 
 
 Collodia, 13 
 
 
 Collodions, 13 
 
 Glycerlna, tg 
 
 
 Commercial alcohol, 44 
 
 Glycerins, 19 
 
 
 Concentrated decoctions, 13, 3^ 
 
 Glyceroles, ig 
 
 
 Infiisions, 30; 33 
 
 Glyceritea, ig 
 
 
 Solutions, 3Z 
 
 Glycyrrhlzas composlta, mlitura 
 
 33 
 
Hieiii Plor«,l(j 
 HIvetyrup, 4fl 
 Henayt, 34 
 Sour', 43 
 Hypod«nnic lit)' 
 
 I 
 
 laliMloiu,M 
 
 CenoantrtiDd, 10, 33 
 In)eetlonM Hvpodennlea, > i 
 Intplmtsd juuin, 73. 74 
 Iron Hit*, lolutloDt of, ty 
 Irritant Hlutlona, 30 
 
 J 
 
 Jaiee-eitneti, tj. 74 
 uloefi, 46 
 inipbMltd. 73, 74 
 
 I. 
 Lamella. 77 
 Lard, 38,91 93 
 
 Benfoaied, 3S, 91, 93 
 
 Hardeaed, ja* 9], 93 
 
 Indurated, 38,93. 93 
 Lleorice, compound mlttuni 33 
 Linlmenta, 34 
 Lb^lraentt, 34 
 Liquid eitraeti, i0 
 
 SlandardlMd, t6 
 LIquoret, 36 
 
 Coneentratl. 33 
 Liquors, aO 
 Lollocct, 34 
 Lotions, 34 
 Lounges. 89 
 
 M 
 
 MiMmPllularum, 78,80 
 
 Haaaes, piU, 78, 80 
 
 MeUlta,3i 
 
 MIttura glyefrrbluo compoilia, 33 
 
 M iiiura, J4 
 
 Ulxture, Baaham't, 33 
 
 Brown, 33 
 Miaiures, 34 
 
 Morphine, compound powder of, 8a 
 MucUagei, 36 
 Mucllajfinfla, 36 
 
 O 
 Oil, paraffln, 38 
 Olla, suentiali 39 
 
 Fixed, 3« 
 
 VoIaUle, 39 
 Concrete, 41 
 Ointments, 91, 93 
 Olntmrat-baaes, gi 
 Olea Pinguia, y$ 
 Olea VolatUla, 39 
 Oleala,77 
 ~— ^ 77 
 
 Oleo "*ln», 4t 
 Olet .n». 41 
 Oiyinclllla, 41 
 Osfmcla, 43 
 
 Papert, medicated, 69 
 Hariiffin. bard, ^8, gs, 01 
 
 Liquid, j8 '"'^ " 
 
 011.38 
 
 Soft.3«,0>,93 
 ParaSnum durum, 38, 93, 9) 
 
 Llquldum, j8 
 
 Moile, 38,93, 93 
 Phosphalet compound ayrup, ii 
 Pill. Ladr Webater'a Dinner. 7,, 
 
 Motses, 78, 8a 
 Pllf-. 78. 80 
 Pills, sloeaand maatlch, 79 
 
 Compound eaihortle. 79 
 Improved, 79 
 
 Veieiable cathartic, 79 
 Ptiula ante Clbum, 79 
 Pllula,78.8o 
 PUatcrt, 70 
 Powder aloes and eanella, S3 
 
 Hiera plcra, 83 
 Powdera, Tull7's,83 
 Powders, 8 1 
 Preserves, 69 
 Proof spirit, 43 
 Pulveres, 81 
 Puivls morphlna compound, l« 
 
 Rectified spirit. 44 
 Reslna, 84 
 Hesina, 84 
 Oleo-, 41 
 Rule, alcohol dilutions, 46 
 
 Sales Effterveacentas, 83 
 Salts, alkaloldit!, 66 
 
 Eflervescent, 83 
 Solutions, 30 
 
 Alkaline, 39 
 
 Alkalotdal salts. 26 
 
 Ammonium salts, 30 
 
 Arsenical, 37 
 
 Blistering, 30 
 
 Conceutrated, 33 
 
 Solutions, Caustic, 39 
 
 Disinfecting, aS 
 
 Irritant, 30 
 
 Iron salts, 37 
 Sour-honey: 43 
 Sparadraps, 69 
 Spirit, Proof, 43 
 
 Rectified, 44 
 Spirits, 43 
 Spirltos. 4) 
 
 Kectliicatua, ^ 
 
 Tenuior, 43 
 Squill, compound syrup, 48 
 
I h j iM linH w d viirMit, m 
 Uquld •kincit, itf 
 
 TllWIUfM.SJ.54 
 SMtropltBM, 41 
 Snout, 4^ 
 tvppiMtoriM, By 
 SuppMltortM, I7 
 Syrup, croup, 4I 
 
 Hiva, 4I 
 
 PbotphMMCfl rvund, 4I 
 
 Squineompr 4I. 
 Syrupl, 47, 49 
 Svrupt. 47, 49 
 
 Br pcnoUlion, 411 
 
 Cold proeau, 4I 
 
 TaMla.M 
 
 Tkbl«, akohol dilution, 41 
 
 Tabl«tt. U ' *■ 
 
 T«u.«o 
 
 TlDvtum, 91, 33 
 
 _l«udwAMd, 3«, M 
 TrotbM. to " " 
 Tro«klMl7?B 
 
 TuUy'apowdM.li 
 
 II 
 
 UiiffuMiu,9 H 
 
 VliMgan, 7 
 VoUtll«eAi.)t 
 
 WutM,34 
 
 Waian, madtaswd, tt 
 ^AllOTUllvapnMnilon.l. g 
 WlaM.»M(Ue«i2r«) 
 WooI-Cm, bjF^vua, gt, 93