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 1 2 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 6 
 

 THE PfiOGRESS OP B. C- -A FEW FACTS. 
 
 HOW THE REVENUE EXPANDS. 
 
 Year. 
 
 (6 raonthfl) . 
 -80 
 
 1871 (6 months). 
 
 1872 
 
 1873 
 
 1874 
 
 1875 
 
 1876 
 
 1877 
 
 1878 
 
 1879 
 
 1879- 
 
 1880-i 
 
 1881- 
 
 1882- 
 
 1883-i 
 
 1884- 
 
 1885-1 
 
 1886-i 
 
 1887- 
 
 1888-: 
 
 1889- 
 
 1890-) 
 
 1891- 
 
 1892- 
 
 1893- 
 
 1894- 
 
 1895- 
 
 1896- 
 
 1-81 
 -82 
 -83 
 1-84 
 -85 
 ■86 
 -87 
 -88 
 -89 
 -90 
 1-91 
 -92 
 -93 
 -94 
 -95 
 -96 
 -97 
 
 Revenue. 
 
 $ 191,819 67 
 327,215 54 
 370,150 38 
 372,417 51 
 351,240 92 
 381,119 92 
 408,348 29 
 430,785 99 
 213,057 74 
 390,907 91 
 397,035 06 
 405,583 49 
 425,808 15 
 503,173 71 
 600,398 61 
 514,719 52 
 540,398 18 
 608,678 94 
 706,779 79 
 845,522 66 
 964,943 54 
 1,038,237 95 
 1,019,206 OC 
 821,660 55 
 896,025 58 
 989,765 22 
 1,383,048 24 
 
 Expenditure. 
 
 $ 
 
 97,691 81 
 
 432,082 71 
 
 372,618 64 
 
 583,355 89 
 
 614,658 89 
 
 728,310 01 
 
 685,046 34 
 
 514,878 83 
 
 186,715 20 
 
 446,574 99 
 
 378,778 69 
 
 474,428 23 
 
 594,101 92 
 
 590,629 02 
 
 655,437 86 
 
 772,211 35 
 
 713,151 89 
 
 745,975 76 
 
 816,267 66 
 
 911,408 16 
 
 993,755 96 
 
 1,370,431 69 
 
 1,431,438 51 
 
 1,514,405 10 
 
 1,906,924 99 
 
 1,614,723 62 
 
 1,569,071 63 
 
 LOANS— INCREASING CREDIT. 
 
 Year. 
 
 1874 
 1877 
 1887 
 1891 
 1893 
 1895 
 1897 
 
 Amount of 
 Loan out- 
 standing. 
 
 $ 20,000 
 462,690 
 381,210 
 
 2,139,141 
 599,946 
 
 2,037,000 
 100,000 
 
 $5,739,986 
 
 Rate of 
 
 
 Inter- 
 
 Sold at 
 
 est. 
 
 
 7 X 
 
 Par. 
 
 6 M 
 
 96 
 
 4iM 
 
 981 
 
 3 .. 
 
 86 
 
 3 .. 
 
 91 
 
 3 .. 
 
 95 
 
 3in 
 
 1 
 
 Par. 
 
 Redeemable. 
 
 May 
 July 
 
 1, 1899 
 1, 1907 
 
 1, 1941 
 
 II 
 
 1, 1907 
 
 Present price. 
 
 Offered. 
 
 Asked. 
 
 Not on 
 
 sale. 
 
 117 
 
 122 
 
 110 
 
 113 
 
 103 
 
 105 
 
 103 
 
 105 
 
 103 
 
 105 
 
 Not on 
 
 sale. 
 
 Vlnscribod 
 j Stock. 
 
 Liabilities of Province 1|6,5H6,004 21 
 
 Assets M 2,301,989 43 
 
 Balance of Liabilities over Assets $4,284,014 78 
 
 .-'*i 
 
 ■liitl 
 
 / 
 
2 
 
 Memo, of 3 per cent. Inscribed Stock issued for Cash since 1891, showing 
 
 the Discount and Expenses incident thereto, and the 
 
 Net Proceeds of each Loan. 
 
 Loan 1891— Sold at 8G. 
 Amount issued for cash, £200,000 at 4.85 $ 970,000 
 
 Discount and C/iari/en. 
 
 Discount, 14 % .ifl35,800 
 
 Commission and charges on issue 26,483 
 
 Stamp duty on stock 6,031 
 
 168,314 
 
 Net proceeds, 82'^ % $ 801,686 
 
 Interest ou the net sum received, 3§ %. 
 
 Loan 1893— Sold at 91. 
 
 Amount issued for cash, £123,700 at «4.85 $ 599,945 
 
 Discount and Charges. 
 
 Discount, 9 %.. $53,995 
 
 Commission and cliarges on issue 16,688 
 
 Stamp duty on stock 3,749 
 
 74,432 
 
 Net proceeds, 87)1 % % 525,513 
 
 Interest on net cash, 3^^,^ %. 
 
 Loan 1895 — Sold at 95. 
 
 Amount issued for cash, £420,000 at 4.85 $2,037,000 
 
 Discount and Charges. 
 
 Discount, 5 % ,f 101,850 
 
 Commission and cliarges on is-sue 53,247 
 
 Stamp duty on stock . 12,731 
 
 167,828 
 
 Net proceeds, 91,^% 11,969,172 
 
 Interest just over 3j\j %. 
 
 Cost of Heating loan just over 3/^, including all charges and underwriting. 
 
 The above statement of the various loans issued by the Province since the reconstruction 
 and consolidation of the debt was decided upon, shows in itself the benefits of the system 
 which has been adopted by the Government. It will be observed that in the loan of 1891 of 
 $970,000 the discount wivs $135,800, which, by the way, has been represented as a loss to the 
 Province. This conveys a very mistaken and imperfect knowledge of financial matters, inas- 
 much as it is supposed by some, who should know better, that the Province paid the $135,800 
 in cash. This sum the Province does not pay at all. The Government issued stock for 
 $970,000 in full, payable in 50 years, and received in cash, less charges, $801,686. The 
 .$135,800 is the difference l)etween the price at which the loan was sold and par, or 14 % ; but 
 this amount is provided for in a sinking fund, which pays off in 50 years both interest and 
 principal. The Province payrf interest on $970,000 at 3%, which on the net amount of 
 $801,686 is equivalent to 3§ %. To have issued at pur, in the old way, the Province would 
 at that time liave had to pay, in all probability, 4 % or more on tlie net amount, the trans- 
 action itself showing a saving of at least ^ %. 
 
^ 
 
3 
 
 The principal feature, however, to which attention is called is not in itself the saving of 
 interest effected by the first loan, so much as the fact that n great advantage was obtained to 
 the Province, in the first place, by having its dfbentures issued in inscribed st«x'k, which gives 
 them a place in the m<mey market along with other colonial securities ; but, in the second 
 place, it secured an important advantage in reducing the basis of interest to 3 %, and in 
 following the history of subsequent loans we find that the effect is very appreciable, as com- 
 parison in the rates of discount will show. In 1895, on the net cash received, the interest 
 amounts to only 3^?^% per annum, as against 3}^ ^ in 1891, the discount l)eing lessened from 
 14 % to 5 %, and the cost of floating the loan in the latter case was only a sha<lu over 3\\f % 
 including ail charges and the cost of underwriting. It will be seen, therefore, that a more 
 favourable basis was established f<»r further operations in the money market. Not only that 
 but the credit of the Province has steadily risen. British Columbia inscribed stock is now 
 ijuoted at 103 and 104, as (lompared with 87 in 1891. Instead, therefore, of the Province 
 being a loser by the system which has been adopted, it has been a very great gainer, not only 
 by establishing the interest on a lower basis, but in steadily reducing the cost to the Province, 
 and in raising the credit to a high financial plane. 
 
 Some fault has been fountl with the Government for paying a premium for the conversion 
 of outstanding delwntures into inscril)ed stock, but as has been shown by the Finance 
 Minister in his budget speech, this was a consideration which appealed to the good judgment 
 of financial men used to the operations of the stock market, and was recommended by the 
 highest authorities in London. Readers are referred to the budget speech of the Finance 
 Minister of 1898, to which a letter from the Financial Agents is appended. From a finan- 
 cier's point of view, it simply meant that the premium paid enabled the Province to place a 
 sufficient sum of inscribed stock on the market to be bid for by the investing public in search 
 of securities of a high and improved character. When that was effected, the Government 
 ceased to convert the outstanding debentures, which are allowed to mature at the old rate. 
 Henceforth, all future issues will \m in inscribed stock, and the ultimate saving effected by 
 the conversion will be annually very great, and places the Province in a position to borrow 
 large sums of money necessary for development on a par with the Dominion of Canada or any 
 other Colonies of the Empire. Those who have criticised the methods adopted by the Finance 
 Minister simply demonstrate that their conceptions of finance were moulded in a school of 
 petty parish politics, and their inability to understand the requirements of the money market. 
 
 Budget Speech, Provincial Legislature, 1894. 
 
 Extract. — "There are some, however, who still say that it is better to borrow at a 
 higher rate of interest and get par value. They say you get so much more money at the 
 time ; when at par, instead of receiving $91, you receive .$100. We will briefly consider 
 this matter once more. I have just shown that our 3 % loan cost us really something under 
 3|% interest; that is, we make ourselves liable for $100 at the end of .50 years and we 
 receive oidy $91, 3 % on 1100, including expenses, being under 3J % on $91 ; but in order to 
 borrow at par we should have to pay at least 3^ % interest, and possibly more. Now, suppose 
 a farmer wanted to borrow, say .$r),000, and we will assume that he could do so on the same 
 terms that the Government does. In order to borrow at par, he would have to pay 4 % 
 interest and 1 % sinking fund, which would amount to .$250 a year, whereas if he borrowed 
 at the low rate of 3 % and 1 % sinking fund he would, at tlie rate of 91, in order to get net 
 cash of $5,000, have to make himself liable for $5,495. His interest and sinking fund on this 
 would amount to only .$219.80, thus showing an actual saving by the last method of $30.G0 
 per year, which would amount to ii very handsome sum if compounded at 4 % for 50 years ; 
 that is, he would borrow $5,000 cash and give a note due in 50 years for $5,495, and save 
 $30.60 annually. T feel certain, however, that this matter is very greatly misunderstood, and 
 there are certain gentlemen who, I believe, do understand it who are trying to deceive the 
 public." 
 
4 
 
 Revenue, 1896-97 $1,383,048 
 
 1886-87 540,398 
 
 Increase, 253 per cent $ 842,650 
 
 Expenditure, 1896-97 $1,569,071 
 
 Public Works 519,164 
 
 Expenditure less Public Works 1,049,907 
 
 Revenue .... 1,383,048 
 
 Balance excess of Expenditure $ 333,141 
 
 Allowing $200,000 as ordinary expenditure on Public Works, it would leave a surplus of 
 $133,141 of Revenue over Expenditure for 1896-97. 
 
 EXPENDITURE ON PUBLIC WORKS IN TEN YEARS. 
 
 
 Education. 
 
 Roads, Streets, 
 Brir' .\ 
 W» 
 
 $171,393 
 151,558 
 204,982 
 181,170 
 308,634 
 282,945 
 262,478 
 425,629 
 238,225 
 276,081 
 
 Works and 
 Buildings. 
 
 New Parliament Buildings. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Construction. 
 
 $ 72,845 
 
 55,954 
 
 191,868 
 
 257,903 
 
 168,809 
 
 Furniture. 
 
 1887-88 
 
 $ 95,374 
 103,145 
 122,985 
 136,901 
 160,627 
 190,558 
 169,050 
 189,037 
 204,930 
 220,810 
 
 $ 42,354 
 
 71,187 
 
 151,752 
 
 121,260 
 
 102,985 
 
 146,279 
 
 140,570 
 
 101,296 
 
 82,252 
 
 39,354 
 
 
 1888-89 
 
 
 1889-90 
 
 
 1890-91 
 
 « 
 
 1891-92 
 
 
 1892-93 
 
 1893-94 
 
 
 1894-95 
 
 
 1895-96 
 
 
 1896-97 
 
 $11,587 
 
 
 $1,593,417 
 
 $2,503,095 
 
 $999,289 
 
 $747,379 
 
 $1 1,587 
 
PUBLIC SCHOOLS-SHOWING INCREASE. 
 
 Yfai 
 
 1872-73 
 
 1873-74 
 
 1874-75 
 
 1875-76 
 
 1876-77 
 
 1877-78 
 
 1878-79 (Half-yoar) 
 
 1879-80 
 
 1880-81 
 
 1881-82 
 
 1882-83 
 
 1883-84 
 
 1884-85 
 
 1885-86 
 
 1886-87 
 
 1887-88 
 
 1888-89 
 
 1889-90 
 
 1890-91 
 
 1891-9i 
 
 1892-93 
 
 1893-94 
 
 1894-95 
 
 1895-96 
 
 1896-97 
 
 Number : 
 of Hch<K)l 
 Districts. ' 
 
 Af,'j,M-»^j,'ate 
 Enrolinoiit. 
 
 25 
 
 37 
 
 41 
 
 41 
 
 42 
 
 45 
 
 45 
 
 47 
 
 48 
 
 50 
 
 59 
 
 67 
 
 76 
 
 86 
 
 95 
 104 
 109 
 123 
 141 
 154 1 
 169 
 178 
 183 
 193 
 199 
 
 1,028 
 
 1,245 
 
 1,403 
 
 1.085 
 
 1,998 
 
 2,198 
 
 2,301 
 
 2,462 
 
 2,571 
 
 2,653 
 
 2,693 
 
 3,420 
 
 4,027 
 
 4,471 
 
 5,345 
 
 6,372 
 
 6,796 
 
 8,042 
 
 9,260 
 
 10,773 
 
 11,496 
 
 12,613 
 
 13,482 
 
 14,460 
 
 15,798 
 
 Average 
 
 Daily 
 
 At.tpndance. 
 
 575 
 
 7G7 
 
 863 
 
 984 
 1,260 
 1,395.50 
 1,315.90 
 1,293.93 
 1,366. 
 1,358. 
 1,383 
 1,808 
 2,089 . 74 
 2,481.48 
 2,873.38 
 3,093 . 46 
 3,681.14 
 4,333.90 
 5,134.91 
 6,227.10 
 7,111.40 
 7,785.50 
 8,610.31 
 9,254 . 25 
 9,999.61 
 
 Expenditure 
 for Education. 
 
 .86 
 .68 
 
 60 
 
 59 
 28 
 11 
 63 
 01 
 70 
 10 
 69 
 
 f 36,763 
 
 35,287 
 
 34,8-.>2 
 
 44,506 
 
 47,12!) 
 
 l.{,334 
 
 22,110 
 
 47,006 
 
 46,960 
 
 49,268 63 
 
 50,850 63 
 
 66,655 15 
 
 71,151 52 
 
 79,527 56 
 
 88,521 08 
 
 99,902 04 
 
 108,190 59 
 
 122,984 83 
 
 136,901 73 
 
 160,627 80 
 
 190,558 33 
 
 169,050 18 
 
 189,037 25 
 
 204,930 32 
 
 220,810 38 
 
 IMPORTS. 
 
 To 30th June 
 
 1887 . 
 
 
 1888 . 
 
 
 1889 . 
 
 
 1890 . 
 
 
 1891 . 
 
 
 1892 . 
 
 
 1893 . 
 
 
 1894 . 
 
 
 1895 . 
 
 
 1896 . 
 
 
 1897 . 
 
 Value of 
 
 Total 
 Imports. 
 
 Goods entered, for Home Consumption. 
 
 $ 
 3,547,852 
 3,509,951 
 3,763,127 
 4,379,272 
 5,478,883 
 6,495,589 
 3,934,066 
 5,320,615 
 4,403,976 
 5,563,095 
 7,130,381 
 
 Dutiable 
 Goods. 
 
 I Free Goods. 
 
 3,065,791 
 2,674,941 
 2,002,646 
 3,357,111 
 4,261,207 
 4,423,414 
 3,662,673 
 3,582,333 
 3,131,490 
 3,993,650 
 5,048,755 
 
 $ 
 
 560,348 
 
 729,266 
 
 807,140 
 
 1,030,375 
 
 1,074,983 
 
 1,803,005 
 
 1,255,495 
 
 1,738,282 
 
 1,236,935 
 
 1,532,840 
 
 2,028,663 
 
 Total. Duty Collected. 
 
 ■I 
 
 3,626,1.39 
 3,401,207 
 3,809,786 
 4,287,486 
 5,336,190 
 6,226,419 
 4,918,168 
 5,336,961 
 4,.368,425 
 5,526,490 
 2,077,408 
 
 $ 
 
 883,421 .53 
 861,465 14 
 974,675 69 
 1,075,215 20 
 1,346,059 42 
 1,412,878 00 
 1,367,250 32 
 1,308,631 23 
 1,137,727 49 
 1,406,931 91 
 1,701,512 16 
 
e 
 
 EXPORTS— HOW THEY SWELL. 
 From Province of British Oolumbia. 
 
 Y.'iir. 
 
 1887 
 1888 
 1889 
 1890 
 1891 
 1892 
 1893 
 1894 
 1S95 
 1896 
 1897 
 
 Tho Min«. 
 
 1 
 
 Fisheries. 
 
 Ft>rcst. 
 
 $ 
 
 $ 
 
 $ 
 
 1,832,827 
 
 910,559 
 
 235,913 
 
 1,889,805 
 
 1,164,019 
 
 411.957 
 
 2,377,052 
 
 993,623 
 
 419,026 
 
 2,375,770 
 
 2,374,717 
 
 32."j,8Kl 
 
 2,030,229 
 
 2,274,686 
 
 374,996 
 
 2,979,470 
 
 2,351,083 
 
 425,278 
 
 2,898,947 
 
 1,501,831 
 
 454,994 
 
 3,521,543 
 
 3,541,305 
 
 411,623 
 
 4,615,452 
 
 3,264,501 
 
 500,080 
 
 5,763,253 
 
 3,288,776 
 
 68."),746 
 
 8,909,592 
 
 3,567,815 
 
 742,173 
 
 $ 
 
 9 
 
 .380,126 
 
 10,265 
 
 31H,8.39 
 
 27,631 
 
 397,685 
 
 14,831 
 
 346,159 
 
 9,323 
 
 294,646 
 
 5,017 
 
 390,584 
 
 2.5,018 
 
 310,621 
 
 30,173 
 
 149,269 
 
 23,323 
 
 457,373 
 
 21,774 
 
 438,864 
 
 61,414 
 
 .307,845 
 
 104,744 
 
 jMiscd- 
 liineous. 
 
 1,911 
 
 8.5,826 
 
 102,089 
 
 11.3,271 
 
 20,434 
 
 31,976 
 
 446,231 
 
 196,895 
 
 261.918 
 
 338,471 
 
 552,5.39 
 
 'YoUil 
 
 9 
 3,.37 1,601 
 3,928,077 
 1,334,306 
 5,545,221 
 6,2.57,158 
 6,574,989 
 5,642,797 
 7,843,958 
 9,121,098 
 10,-576,524 
 14,184,708 
 
 TABLES OP POPULATION. 
 
 Number of miners . . . 
 II fishermen 
 
 II farmers . , 
 
 II houses . . . 
 
 Population . 
 
 Revenue 
 
 Value of fisheries . . . . 
 II exports 
 
 1881. 
 
 2,792 
 
 1,8.50 
 
 2,381 
 
 6.P 2 
 
 49,459 
 
 I 397,035 
 
 1,4.54,.321 
 
 2,255,753 
 
 1891. 
 
 imports ! 2,489,246 
 
 4,591 
 
 3.798 
 
 5,874 
 
 16,776 
 
 98,175 
 
 •151,038,238 
 
 3,008,755 
 
 6,199,280 
 
 5,477,411 
 
 1896. 
 
 ••? 1,156,079 
 
 .5,000,000 
 
 10,576,524 
 
 .5,56.3,095 
 
 District. 
 
 N«iw Westminster 
 
 Cariboo 
 
 Yale 
 
 Victoria 
 
 Vancouver 
 
 Whites. 
 
 Chinese. 
 
 Indians. 
 
 Total. 
 
 1881. 
 
 1891. 
 
 1881. 
 
 1891. 
 
 1881. 
 
 1891. 
 
 1881. 
 
 1891. 
 
 4,479 
 1,403 
 2,901 
 6,359 
 4,306 
 
 28,018 
 
 1,5,50 
 
 7,4.59 
 
 17,267 
 
 11,203 
 
 870 
 
 1,344 
 
 1,156 
 
 690 
 
 290 
 
 .3,.591 
 1,151 
 1,353 
 2,470 
 821 
 
 10,068 
 
 4,803 
 
 5,143 
 
 252 
 
 5,395 
 
 10,151 
 3,037 
 4,629 
 2,021 
 3,419 
 
 15,417 
 7,550 
 9,200 
 7,301 
 9,991 
 
 42,226 
 5,519 
 13,661 
 18,5.38 
 18,229 
 
 19,448 
 
 65,527 
 
 4,350 
 
 9,386 
 
 25,661 
 
 23,257 
 
 49,459 
 
 98,173 
 
 1898. 
 
 Estimated 
 population 
 of whites, 
 1.50,000. 
 
 Total whites, 1871— New Westminster, 1,356; Cariboo, 1,955; Yale, 1,316; Victoria, 
 4,540; Vancouver, 1,419=10,568. 
 
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8 
 
 GUARANTEE PAYMENTS ON RAILWAYS, 
 
 1806-97. 
 
 Shuswap and Okanagaii $50,140 
 
 Sidney 6,107 
 
 Nakusp and Slocan 26,262 
 
 Total payments $82,509 
 
 RECEIPTS. 
 
 Shuswap and Okanajrau $10,146 
 
 Nakusp and Slocan 18,484 
 
 28,630 
 
 Balance paid out, 1896-97 $53,879 
 
 LIST OF RAILWAYS OONSTRUOTED AND TO BE CONSTRUCTED 
 DURING TEN YEARS PROM 1890 TO 1900. 
 
 MlI.ES. 
 
 Victoria and Sidney 18 
 
 Columbia and Kootenay 27 
 
 Robson and Trail 28 
 
 Nelsc-i and Fort Sheppard 60 
 
 Kaslo and Slocan 31.8 
 
 Nakusp and Slocan 37 
 
 Red Mountain 9.8 
 
 New Westminster to Boundary 23 
 
 Mission to Boundary 10 
 
 Arrowhead to Revelstoke 27 
 
 Columbia Western 1 1 
 
 Columbia and Kootenay, Slocan Extension 31 
 
 Teslin Lake to the Coast 400 
 
 B. C. Southern 200 
 
 Penticton to Boundary 100 
 
 Robson to Boundary 80 
 
 English Bluif to Penticton 230 
 
 Bute Inlet to Quesnelle 230 
 
 Total 1,553.6 
 
 INFLUENCE OF RAILWAYS ON REVENUE IN KOOTENAY. 
 
 1887-88 $ 26,425 08 
 
 1888-89 2?,995 94 
 
 1889-90 48,939 82 
 
 1890-91 43,986 88 
 
 1891-92 67,465 49 
 
 1892-93 91,050 97 
 
 1893-94 . , .' 67,923 64 
 
 1894-95 82,106 58 
 
 1895-96 140,842 28 
 
 1896-97 348,804 03 
 
 Total. $940,540 71 
 
 f*--'^'-