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 PRINCIPIA LATINA.— Part L 
 
 FIRST LATIN COURSE. 
 
 COMPRElIEN'DINa 
 
 GllAMMAR, DELECTUS, AND EXEIICISE-HOOK, 
 
 WITH VOCABULARIES. 
 
 For the Use of the Lower Forma in Public and Private Sohoolfu 
 
 '<r 
 
 
 ') i 
 
 \\ 
 
 \ I 
 
 By WILLIAM SMITH, D.C.L., LL.U., 
 
 LDITOK OF THE CLASSICAL AND LATIN IlICTIONAllira. 
 
 T/VENTIETH EDITION. THOROUGHLY REVISED, 
 
 WITH THE CASES AURANOED UOTll AS IN THE OniMNAHY GiJASIMARS 
 AND A3 IN THE FLBLIC SCUOOL rUlMEli. 
 
 TORONTO : 
 
 JAMES CAMPBELL & SON. 
 
«K i*> 
 
 Entered accn-diug to the Act of the I'ai-lianient of Canada, in ihe year ont 
 thousand ciyht hun(h-ed and seventy-six, by Jamls Camfiuxi- & bON, 
 in the office of the Minister of Agriculture. 
 
 ft 
 
 A:^'=ii,'iJ\ 
 
TsCTTCE TO THE EIGIITEENTn EDITION. 
 
 one 
 
 SON, 
 
 To moot the roqniremonts of all Schools, the Cases of the Nouns, 
 Afljectivcs, and rronouna, are arranged in this Edition both as in 
 the ordinary Grammars and as in the Puhlic ScIkr"! Latin Primer, 
 tof^ethcr with the corresponding Exercises, The first thirty-six 
 pazes^at the beginning of the book are therefore rep.;ated, the only 
 difference between them being 'ilv arrangement of the Cases. In 
 this way the work can be used with equal advantage by those who 
 prefer either the old or the modern arrangement. 
 
 The 'Smalfer Latin Grammar' retains the ordinary arrangement 
 
 of the Cases. 
 
 W. S. 
 
 r. 
 
 v'.' 
 
•. i0> 
 
 I 
 
P r. E FA C E. 
 
 The followi..- w<.rk is the tivHt of a short scru-s winch 
 I huvo u.ukrtakon with tho viow of faoilituti..^' tlic 
 Htii.ly of the Latin htn^na-o. It is the result ..f many 
 years' practical teachius, at;.l seeks to comhino tho advan- 
 t.»,.es of the older and more modern n.ethods of instruction. 
 WMulo hoys are Hometimes compeUcd to commit to memory 
 all tho grammatical forms and sy'itactical rules without 
 havino- their knowledge tested by any vractical an-ln-atiou 
 in tho construction of sentences, so that they inniuently 
 forget the former part of the (Jraiumar by tho time they 
 have finished the latter, they are in other cases Vmr.lened 
 by a large number <.f explanati(ms and cautions, and by 
 complieate.1 rules for the formation of eases and other 
 inflectional forms. The latter error is almost as grave 
 as the former in the case of young boys, as they are 
 thus taught analytically what ought to be lirst learned 
 
 synthetically. , , , • x 
 
 The main object of this work is to enable a beginner to 
 fix the Declensi.Mis and Conjugations thoroughly m his 
 memory, to learn their usage by constructinr ^nnple 
 sentences as soon as he commences the study^of the lan- 
 guage, and to accumulate gradually a stocK of usefu 
 
 wordb. It is divided into two parts :— 
 
 I The first part contains the Grammatical forms, with 
 
 exercises upon all the inflections, in which the simple 
 
 rules of syntax are introduoed, as they are re^piired for 
 
 the tbi-mation of senteiiceb. 
 
iv 
 
 PILEFACE. 
 
 II. The second part contains an explanation of some of 
 the more important idioms of the language, such as the 
 construction of the Accusative Case and the Infinitive 
 Mood, of tlie Ablative Absolute, of the Gerund and Ger- 
 undive, etc., exemplified by Exercises upon each con- 
 struction. The Vocabularies to both parts are printed 
 at the end of the second, and Alphabetical Indices of 
 the Latin {wid English words in the Vocabularies are 
 appended to them. 
 
 'J'lie work thus contains Grammar, DelcKJtus, and Exer- 
 cise-book, witli Vocabularies, and consequently presents 
 in one book all that the pujul will require for some time 
 in his study of the language. It is confidently believed 
 that a boy who has g.>ne carefully through the work will 
 have acquired a sound knowledge of the chief grammatical 
 forms, and of the most important syntactical rules, and 
 will thus be prepared to enter upon the systematic study 
 of a larger Grammar with advantage and profit. 
 
 Tlio last edition was thoroughly revised, and various 
 improvements were introduced. The rules for the Pro- 
 nunciation of Latin were drawn up by the Rev. Dr. 
 Abbott, Head Master of the City of London School. In 
 the revision I was indebted for much valuable assistance 
 to Mr. T. D. Hall, the joint-author with me of the 
 'Student's Latin Grammar,' and of the 'English-Latin 
 Dictionary.' 
 
 W. S. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 ■»« 
 
 rAUT I. 
 
 GRAiALAIATICAL FORMS. 
 
 NOUNS, ADJECTIVKS, MMKlLM.S, AND PRONOUN'S. 
 
 The Cases as arranged in the ordinary Grammars, with the corre- 
 
 : ponding Exercises l-.'ji; 
 
 The Cases as arranged in the Public School Primer, \v»th tlia 
 
 corresponding ixerciaes 1-31) 
 
 I. The Alvuai.!;t— 1'auts of Srr.iicii 1 
 
 II. PlWNUNCIATION 2 
 
 III. SuiiSTANTIVKS (tU XoUNS 3 
 
 IV. The FiKST ou A Dkci.kxsion 3 
 
 V. The Second ou () Dkclkn^kix 5 
 
 VI. Adjectives of the First and ISkcond Dei minsuins 7 
 
 VII. The Third ou Consonant and 1 Df.clknsion .. 11 
 
 VIII. Adjectives of the Thiud Pkci.ension 18 
 
 IX. 'i'liE Fourth or U Dih i.knsion L'C 
 
 X. The Fifth ou E Df.ci,i;n.->ion -Jl, li2 
 
 XI. Some Iruecjulau Nouns L'2 
 
 XII. Some Iuue(;ular Adjectives L'.'!, L'-i 
 
 XIII. Comparison of Adjectives 24 
 
 XIV. The Numerals L'f',, 27 
 
 XV. The Veuu Sum 29 
 
 XVI. Compounds of Si:m .. , ,. .. yi 
 
 XVII. The Pronouns 32 
 
 vi:iiBs. 
 
 XVIII. The Veuk ;;r 
 
 XIX. First ou A Conjuoatihn — Active Vohk .. .. 38 
 
 XX. Second ou E , 40 
 
 XXI. Third ou Consonant and U 42 
 
 XXII. Fourth or I " .. 44 
 
 Exercises on the Active Voice 46 
 
 XXIH. First ob A Conjugation — Passive Vou e ., .. 54 
 
 XXIV. Second or E 58 
 
 XXV. 'JHiRD on Consonant and U 58 
 
 Ph. L. I. 6 
 
yi 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PACK 
 
 XXVI. Fourth on I GO 
 
 Exercises on the Pahsive Voice 62 
 
 XXVII. Third ConjucxAtion (with I in certain Tenses) 66 
 
 XXVIII. Deponent Verbs 68 
 
 XXIX. Prepositions 72 
 
 XXX. Adverbs 74 
 
 XXXI. Irrecular Veii!;.s : 
 
 1. Possum 76 
 
 2. Voi,o 77 
 
 3. XoLO , ," 
 
 4. :Mai-o 77 
 
 5. Fero 80 
 
 6. Eo 82 
 
 7. Fio 84 
 
 8. Xeuter Passive Verbs 85 
 
 XXX II. Impersonal Verbs 86 
 
 '}, 
 
 Taut II. 
 SOME SYNTACTICAL liULES. 
 
 XXXIII. TjiE Ablative after the Comparative .. ., 88 
 
 XXXIV. Ablative Ap.solute bti 
 
 XXXV. The Accusative expressing Duration or Ex- 
 tent OF Time, Distance, and Dimension .. 00 
 
 XXXVI. Construction of the Names of Towns .. .. 91 
 
 XXXVII. The Accusative Case and the Infinitive .. 92 
 
 XXXVIII, Direct Questions 91 
 
 XXXIX. Indirect Questions 95 
 
 XL. Additionaju Exercises ON the SuiwuNCTiVE j\IooD 97 
 
 XLI. I'^sE OF THE Supines 100 
 
 XLII. Use of the Gerund 100 
 
 XLIII. Use of the Gerundive 101 
 
 A Short Syntax 104 
 
 Appendix — A. Greek Xouns 109 
 
 B. The Genders of Nouns 110 
 
 0. Perfects and Supines 112 
 
 D. Deff:ctive Verbs 123 
 
 Vocabularies 125 
 
 Index I. — Latin Words ,. 144 
 
 Index II. — English Words 156 
 
■'is^iB 
 
 M 
 
 PAliT I. 
 
 70 
 
 GEAMMATICAL FOEMS. 
 
 THE CASES AREANGED AS IN THE ORDINAEY GRAMMAES. 
 
 I. — The Alphabet. Parts of Speech. 
 
 1. Alplwhct. — The Latin AlphaLot consists of 25 lottora, 
 the samo as the English \vitlu)ut W. 
 
 A, B, C, I), E. F, G, II, T, J, K, L, M N, 0, P, 
 
 a, b, c, d, c, f, g, h, i, j, k, 1, m, n, o, p, 
 
 Q, K, S, T, U, V, X, Y, Z. 
 
 q, r, s, t, u, V, X, y, z. 
 
 The letters are divided into Vowels and Consonants. 
 
 The Vowels arc a, e, i, o, u, y. The remaining letterH 
 are Consonants. 
 
 The Diphthongs are ae, oe, au, which are in common use, 
 and eu, ei, ui, which occur in only a few words. 
 The diphthongs ae, oe, aro pronounced as e. 
 
 A Long Syllahhi has the mark (~) over the vowel. A 
 Short Syllable has the niiu-k (^) over the vowel. 
 
 2. Parts of Speech. — Tliere are eight parts of speech in 
 
 the Latin langnage. 
 
 1. Substiiiilivo, or 
 
 Noun. 
 
 2. Adjcttivo. 
 
 8. Pronnun. 
 
 4. Vi'ib. 
 
 5. Adverb, 
 
 6. rrcpositinn. 
 
 7. Conjnnctidn. 
 
 8. Interjtii'tion. 
 
 There is no article in tlio. Jiiitin Inngnago: hence tlio 
 Latin meiloii means nut only taltle, btit also n table and the 
 tdhjp 
 
 Pu. L. I. B 
 
^'h 
 
 \-^i^fH:Ti'---^- 
 
 PRONTINCIATION. 
 
 II, — Pronunciation. 
 
 Tho lottei-H in Tiatin wcro prohahly prfmonnood as- 
 folio WH : — 
 
 itin 
 
 a 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 e 
 
 
 ae 
 
 
 oe 
 
 
 g 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 au 
 
 VOWELS AND riPIlTlfONOS, 
 
 Enii'li.sli a in iai\m9. 
 
 n 
 
 ft 
 
 eu = 
 
 ei = 
 
 'Id' 
 
 »• 
 II 
 i> 
 II 
 II 
 II 
 «* 
 If 
 II 
 
 }» 
 
 first a in awa;y^ ©« a iu villa. 
 ai in pain. 
 ai in pa/n. 
 ai in pa/n. 
 
 t' in men. 
 
 i in niaclu'ne. 
 
 i in pj'ty. 
 
 o in glory. 
 
 o in top. 
 
 M in r?(lo. 
 
 V in fall. 
 o?(» in pa?«er. 
 Latin 6 foilowec! quickly by 
 
 Latin \k ((liilV>rs little from 
 
 prcsewt pronunciation). 
 
 I Latin & followed quickly by 
 Latin i (^^ifiers little from ai 
 in plani). 
 
 Latin 
 
 c, 
 
 ch 
 
 
 
 g 
 
 
 
 
 s 
 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 (rat 
 
 io) 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 
 z, 
 
 ph, 
 
 th 
 
 CONSONANTS 
 
 
 
 = 
 
 En 
 
 giiisb h. 
 
 =: 
 
 
 n 
 
 g in got. 
 
 a= 
 
 
 II 
 
 8 in 8Ul. 
 
 = 
 
 \ 
 
 II 
 
 t in ca<, not ^7/, as 
 in na/ion. 
 
 = 
 
 
 II 
 
 y in //ard. 
 
 5= 
 
 
 l« 
 
 z, ph, ill. 
 
 l,fttin 9 between two vowels = (Ro.p.ciiines^ Eu'j-!is!i s in nwe. ^.//. ' ro«a,' 
 
Bif lilWiWi rfi'ffllWM 
 
 CASES AKRANOEP AS IN OTIDINAUY GRAMMARS. 
 
 1II._SUI?STANT1VES OU NoUNS. 
 
 Noiins are dodincd liy Number aiul Case. 
 Tlicroaiv two Nniulicvs: .S7»;/'Jn/- iiml Phirnl 
 Thcro aro nix (^ases : Nominative, Genitive, Dalive, Areti- 
 ttative, Vocative, Ablative. 
 
 Thoroaro thrcoGoudors : Masculine, Feminine, ami Neuter. 
 Nouns whicli may bo dithor Maaculiuo or Fomiuino iiro called 
 Common. 
 There aro five DocloiiBioiiB, diBtingiuBhcd by the endings 
 of the Genitive Catio. 
 
 I. n. in. IV. V. 
 
 6en. Sing, ae I Ib ^'^ ^^ 
 
 Oen. Plur. L-ryxm (J-rum {j:^^} tJ-um fi-rum 
 
 The Stem is that part of the word which remains after 
 the changeable endings aro taken away. 
 
 The Stems of Nouns can bo ascertained by taking away 
 the terminations urn or rum of the Genitive Plural. Uenco 
 the final letter of the Stem is in— 
 
 I. 
 A 
 
 II. 
 
 
 ni. IV. V. 
 
 consonant or I U E 
 
 by 
 
 IV.— The First or A Declension. 
 
 The Nominative Singular of Nouns of the First De- 
 clension ends in a. 
 
 sing. 
 Nom. 1S.6va-^(Jem.) a tahJe 
 Gen. Mens-ae, of a taUte 
 hat. Mens-ae, 
 Aeo. Mens-am, 
 Voo. Mens-8,, 
 Abl. Mens-&, 
 
 to or for a table 
 a tnlile 
 tdble 
 
 hij,n-ith,()Tfrom 
 a tahle. 
 
 Plur. 
 Mens-ae, tables 
 Mons-Arum, of tables 
 Mens-is, to or for tables 
 
 Mens-as, tablcx 
 Mens-ae, tables 
 Mons-is, by, inth, or from 
 
 tables. 
 
 Note.— rni&, a dawjlder ; dgS,, a gnddesx ; 5qua, a 7unre ; &sln&, 
 a fhe-asr, ; and a Vow othcra, make the Dativo and Abliitivo 
 Plural in abus: fillabils, dCabfts, CquabQH, aslnabn.^i. etc. 
 
 Genpku.— All NouuH of tho First Declension aro Feminine, unlcsfl 
 tiiuy designate mules : iis, nantfl, a milor. 
 
 The Vocabularies begin on p. 126, 
 
 li i 
 
FinsT DECLENSION. 
 
 Rule 1. — Tho Nominative Case donotos the suhjkct. A 
 Verb afifroes with its Nominativo case in immbor and person ; 
 as, piiulla ciirrit, the girl ruun ; puellae ciirruiit, the (jirls run. 
 
 liuLE 2. — Tlio Acenwitivo Case denotes tho oiukct. 
 Transitive verbs j^iovcrn an Accusative case: as, iuinilri 
 alas hiil)rt, tha eagle has winij». JSotk. — In Latin the 
 verb is put last and the Accusative case before it. 
 
 Singular, 3 porn. l'hirul,'3 pors. 
 
 Currit, (he, xln', it) rtms. Currunt, ((hci/) run. 
 
 Fabet, (.'" r 'I" > '/) ^'"■■'- Habent, (//«<■//) have. 
 
 lixKUCIi^E I. 
 
 1. Filia currit. 2. FiUau currunt. 3. Kcgiua coronam habet. 
 4. Puella coronanj habet. 5. Filia pecuniam habet. 6. Femina 
 pecuniam habet. 7. Koma portas habot. 8. Coloniae jxjrtas habent. 
 9. Puoilae rosas habent. 10. Fcniinae rosas habent. 11. Colunibac 
 alaa habent. 12. Insulae oias habent. 
 
 1. The woman runs. 2. The women run. 3. Tho dove has 
 wings. 4. The eagles have wings. 5. The colony has gates. 
 6. The island has coasts. 7. The uirls have money. 8. The women 
 have money. 9. Tho colony has women. 10. The island has colonies. 
 11. The woman has a crown. 12. The islands have roses. 
 
 Rule 3. — When two Noims in Latin are connected by 
 tho verb " To be," they are put in tho same case : as, 
 Britannia est insuLi, Britain is an island. Use the Nomi- 
 native case after the verb " To be." 
 
 Rule 4. — The latter of two Nouns is put in tho Genitive 
 case when the one is dependent upon the other : as, 
 Britannia est insula Europae, Britain is an island of Euroj^e. 
 
 Est, (tie) in. Sunt, (ttiey) are. 
 
 Exercise II. 
 
 1. Siciliaest- insula. 2. Sicilia est insula Europae. 3. Roma est 
 regina Italiae. 4. Incolae Italiae sunt poetae. 5. Incolae insularum 
 sunt nautae. 6. Incolae Britanniae sunt agricolae. 7. Insula est 
 patria nautarum. 8. Graecia est patria poetarum. 9. Amicitia 
 est gloria vitac. 10. Inimicitia iucolarum est causa pugnae. 
 
 1. Britain is tlu; queen of islands. 2. Britain is the native-land 
 of sailors. 3. Italy is the native-land of poets. 4. The inhabitants 
 of I'ritaiu are sailors. 5. The inhabitants of Sicily are sailors. 
 6. The inliabitauts of Gaul are husbamhnen. 7. Britain is the 
 native-land ot glory. 8. Friendship is the crown of life. 9. The 
 V)attle is the cause of glory. 10. 'i'lie enmity of the sailors is the 
 cause of the baUie. 
 
 '•J 
 
?PlM>f *^PW*',*^' ^.-H'P^-JPW'. 1 
 
 '?SHir3 
 
 f 
 
 CASES AUUAN(JEl) AS IN OUDlNAllY UUAMMAUS. 
 
 V. — TuE Fecund ou Diclenwion. 
 
 The Numinutivo Sin_u;iiliir of jMuscuHihj Nouns of tin 
 Sccoiul DL'cluiiisiuu oiuis ill us and er, and of iS'uutuj 
 NuuuH iu um. 
 
 A. Mascnline. 
 
 
 Sing 
 
 ] 
 
 I. 
 
 I'lur, 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Domin-us, 
 
 a lord 
 
 Domin-ij 
 
 lordn 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Domin-i, 
 
 of a lord 
 
 Domin-Orum, 
 
 if lorda 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Domin-o, 
 
 to or for a lord 
 
 D6min-is, 
 
 to or for tordu 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Domin-um, 
 
 a lord 
 
 Domin-oa, 
 
 lordu 
 
 Voc. 
 
 D5mm-6, 
 
 () lord 
 
 Domin-i, 
 
 bmh 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Ddiuin«5, 
 
 }>!/, icilli, or f nun 
 a lord. 
 
 Dirain-is, 
 
 by, irilh, or fru." 
 lords. 
 
 Norn. 
 
 Magist^r, 
 
 Is. 
 a ma»ter Magistr-I, 
 
 Dia.-'ti rK 
 
 0,n. 
 
 Mfigistr-I, 
 
 of a iiKiKter 
 
 Mfigistr-Orum 
 
 , of mat'fers 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Magistr-6, 
 
 toorforaiiiaMer 
 
 Magistr-iQ, 
 
 to or for masters 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Magistr-um 
 
 ,(i i)i(t!<t<r 
 
 Magistr-os, 
 
 ttnisti r.'< 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Magister, 
 
 () iiia:<tcr 
 
 Magistr-i, 
 
 (> IIKIKicrx 
 
 Abl 
 
 Magistr-o, 
 
 liU,wilh,t<rfroiti 
 
 Mugiatr-io, 
 
 by, rrilli., or //«/.■■ 
 
 
 
 a inU'-tcr. 
 
 Puer-I, 
 
 manteri. 
 
 Nom 
 
 Puer, 
 
 a hoy 
 
 boys 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Puer-I, 
 
 of a boy 
 
 Putr-Smm, 
 
 of boys 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Puer-6, 
 
 to or for a boy 
 
 Puer-i3, 
 
 to i^r for boys 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Puer-um, 
 
 a buy 
 
 Puer-6s, 
 
 boys 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Pugr, 
 
 boy 
 
 Puer-i, 
 
 boys 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Puer-6, 
 
 by,iriih,orfroin 
 a boy. 
 
 Puer-i8, 
 
 by, tvith, or from 
 boys. 
 
 Note. — Proper Niiinea in Iila make i in the Vocative, aa, Mer- 
 cilriilH, Mercury, Vor. MiTciiii. Al.so the V'ocativo lingular of 
 filia«, a son, is tlli, and of gCiiIQs, a ynardian deity, is gCui. 
 
 Tlioro ia ouo Noun of the Secoiul Declension ending in ir, 
 namely, vir, o man (aa diijtiuguished from a woman). It is 
 declined like puor : 
 
 Sing. 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 VIr, 
 
 a man, 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Vir-i, 
 
 of a man 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Vir-6, 
 
 to or for a man 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Vir-um, 
 
 a man 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Vir, 
 
 man 
 
 AU. 
 
 Vir-6. 
 
 by,with,orfrom 
 a man. 
 
 Vir 
 
 ■I' 
 
 nun 
 
 
 
 Vir 
 
 •Orum, 
 
 of imn 
 
 
 
 Vir 
 
 •is, 
 
 to or for 
 
 men 
 
 
 Vir 
 
 ■6s, 
 
 men 
 
 
 
 Vir 
 
 ■i, 
 
 men 
 
 
 
 Vir 
 
 -is, 
 
 by, ivith, 
 men. 
 
 or 
 
 from 
 
.-=^- ^* afaa a !j «*. 
 
 HECOND DECLENSION. 
 
 B. Neuter. 
 
 SliiK. 
 
 A'om. Regn-um, a liin(j(hnn Rcgn-a, 
 
 Gen. Regn-i, o/ n kimjdom Rogn-Orum, 
 
 Dat. Rogn-o, ioox far ahiiKjiloiu Rcgn-is, 
 
 Ace. Regn-um, n kiuijdnm Regn-ii, 
 
 Voc. Regn-um, i) hiuijdom \ Rogn-^, 
 
 .4W. Regn-6, hy, in'th, or from Regn-is, 
 
 a hinijtJom. \ 
 
 Plnr. 
 
 iif hiiKjihniin 
 
 fii or for liiiujiloim 
 
 hinijih>iti» 
 
 by, with, (ir from 
 hiurjthmix. 
 
 Note. — The Nomiiiutivc, Acciisativo, and Vociitivo of nil Nctitiir 
 
 NouTiH aro tho wniiic. 
 (Jkndkk. — MoHt N<mnti in ua iir» MuHcnlinc, l)ntniuneH()f' troes uru 
 
 Foniinino; aw, nialris, (m (ipjilc-tm-. 
 Tlirt'o NoiniH of tln' Second Dirlciisinn ciidin^' in iis aro Nouter : 
 
 virilw, poison ; vul;;i'is, ///-• multitiiili' ; ]H'la),'ilH, the l^opcn) neti. 
 
 Thoy avu used only in tho Singnlar. (A'.ii. YulgUH ia soniotimeB 
 
 MuHcnlinu.) 
 
 St, and. 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 EXKKCISE III. 
 
 Mafculine Nouns in us. 
 
 1. Filius cnrrit. 2. Sorvi ciimnit. 8. Doniinus .sirvo.s habct. 
 4. Filius doniini servos liabot. "). Doniinus servos et equos liabet. 
 
 6. Filii dominornni ecpios ot tauros liabent, 7. Avus servos ct 
 equos habet. 8. Filius aniici hortuni liabet. 9. Filii inimicorum 
 gladios haV;ent. 10. Ilhodanus est Ibivius GhiUiac 11. Rliodanua 
 et Rhenus sunt fliivii Galiiue. 12. Hortus rosas liabet. 
 
 1. The slave runs. 2. Tlie sons run. 3. The grandfather has 
 a slave. 4. Tlie son of tlie grandfather lias slaves. 5. Tho sons 
 of tho grandfather have slaves. 0. Tho sons of the lords arc sailors. 
 
 7. The .sons of the slaves are husbandmen. 8. The lord has slaves 
 and horses. -9. Tho Rliono and tho Uhino are rivers of Europe. 
 10. The friends of the grandfather are jmets. 11. The enemies of 
 the lord have swords. 12. The rivers of the island have banks. 
 
 RuLK 5. — The Dative CaKo iiidicutcs tho person who 
 j^ains or recuivoH aiiytliing : as, maoistor coluniham puero 
 dttt, the master (jives a dove to the boy. 
 
 Dat, (he, she, it) gives. Dant, (they) give. 
 
 EXEUClSK IV. 
 Masculine Nouns in et, 
 
 1. Piier librura habet. 2. IMagistcr librum puero dat. 
 Ifcros habet. 4. Doniinus servos et niinistros ha.l»ot. 5. 
 agrura ministro dat. G. Socer agros et ministros habet. 
 agrurn gcnero dat. 8. Slaui.stri libros pueris daut. 
 aervuni puero dat. 10. I'uer lihrum ministro dat. 
 
 I. The boys have books. 2. The lord gives a field to the boys. 
 
 3. Filius 
 
 Doniinus 
 
 7. Socer 
 
 9. Geiicr 
 
• CaHKH AUKAN()1;1> as in oKDINAUY (UJAIMMAnS. 7 
 
 8. Tlio riithers-iu-liiw and i\w s..iirt-in-liuv liiivo licia.s. 1. 'I'lif 
 I'athcT-iu-law gives servants to ilic son-in-law. H. Tlu! fririi«lK 
 havo books. <). Tlic; I'liciuics liavu siTvants and lirlds. 7. Thr 
 niastcns give gardiMis to the boys. 8. Thi' master <;ivcs doves^to 
 the boys. ".>. Vhe tiraiidfatlier :^ives lields to tlie master. 10. Tlie 
 fathcra-iu-luw givo tields and bulls to the suus-iu-law. 
 
 EXKUCISR V. 
 Nvutcr Nonn». 
 
 1. Amici sunt donnm cooli. '2. Amieltia est doin\iu Dei. .'i. l>t'iia 
 avi sunt praemin dili;j;enliae. 4. Aurum et arj^'iitum sunt metalla. 
 5, Ma<:;ister ar.uuitum jmero dat. (!. Diseiimli sunt ;j;a\idi\iin 
 magistroruni. 7. Helium est I'au.si moiboruiu. 8. Ojiiii.lum ninros 
 et portas habet. I). Templa sunt ii;loria iJiaeeiae. 10. llomani 
 gladios et scuta liabent, 
 
 1. Friends are the gift of God. '2. The boys and girls arc the 
 joy of the grandfather. .'?. The grandfather gives gold and silver t(« 
 t lie boys. 4. Greece and Sicily have tenqtles. 5. The temph-s ot 
 Greece have gifts. 0. The fat lier-iu-law gives gold and silver to the 
 temples. 7. The metals are the cause of war. 8. The ipieen lias 
 lands and towns. !l. The (ineeii gives rewards to the inhabitants. 
 10. The lord gives shields and swords to the servants. 
 
 VI._Al)Jkctives of the Fn;sT and Second 
 Declensionh. 
 
 Adjoctives ill us, a, urn, or er, (e)ra, (e)rum, arc dwUm-d 
 in tlic Masculine and Ncntcv liko Nonns of tlu" Strond 
 Dcdcntiion, and in tlie Fcininino like NOnns of the First 
 DoclenHion : as, Itoiu'is, I'Ana, bonum, <)oo<l ; niger, nigra, 
 nigrum, black ; toner, tenera, tencrum, tender. 
 
 Nam. Bon-u8 
 
 ih'n. 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 Voc. 
 Ahl. 
 
 B6n-i 
 
 Bon-6 
 
 B6n-um 
 
 B6n-6 
 
 Bou-o 
 
 Sing. 
 V. 
 
 bon-a 
 
 bon-ae 
 
 bon-ae 
 
 bon-am 
 
 bon-a 
 
 bon-a 
 
 N. 
 
 bon-um 
 
 bon-i 
 
 bon-o 
 
 bon-um 
 
 bon-nm 
 
 bon-5 
 
 1. I'lur. 
 
 B6n-i bon-ae bon-a 
 
 B6n-6rum bon-arum bon-orum 
 
 Bon-is 
 Bon-OS 
 B6n-i 
 B6n-is 
 
 boii-is 
 bon-as 
 bon-ae 
 bon-is 
 
 bon-is 
 b8n-& 
 bon-a 
 bon-is 
 
 8. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Voo. 
 
 Abl 
 
 F. N. 
 
 nigr-a nigr-um 
 
 nigr-ae nigr-i 
 
 nisrr-aB niT-o 
 
 Nigr-um nlgr-am nigr-um 
 
 Nig-er nigr-a nigr-um 
 
 Nigr-o nigr-a nigr-6 
 
 M. 
 
 Nig-er 
 Nigr-I 
 Nigr-Q 
 
 F. N._ 
 
 Nifei-i nigr-ae ^.^gr-a 
 Nigr-orum nigr-arum nigr-oruni 
 
 Nigr-is nigr-is nigr-Is 
 
 Nigr-os nigr-as nigr-& 
 
 Nigr-i nigr-ae nigr-a 
 
 NigT-is nigr-l8 nigr-ia 
 
8 
 
 FIRST AND BECUND DECLENSIONS. 
 
 Gni. 
 
 Ihlt. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 m. 
 
 Sing. 8. I'hir. 
 
 ^- '''• N. I M. K. N. 
 
 TenSr teuBr-a t^n5,--um Tcnor-I t6ii''r-ae t5n5r.& 
 Teatir-i tenur-ao t n. .-i ; Tenrr-orumtencr-animtouer-orum 
 
 Teiier-6 tener-ao t r-6 I Ttincr-is tcner-is tener-is 
 
 Tonor-oa tcner-as ten6r-& 
 
 Tener-i tener-ae tener-i 
 
 Tener-Is teiier-Is tenSr-is 
 
 Tener-um toner-am tener-um 
 T6ner tcner-a tunei-um 
 Tciier-5 tener-a tener-o 
 
 4. 
 
 FlOMININK AlWKUTlVK l»K(;l,!NKI) AI.ONO WrTH FeMININK NoiN, JIOTH 
 
 OF FiKbT I)K(;i,i:nsi()N. 
 SiiiK. 
 a »))iall fithhi 
 of ((. .fiiKill tdlilc 
 to or /or (I xiiKlll tilhh: 
 a siiKiII fiihlu 
 O i<)it<ill table 
 
 htj, a-ith, or from a Hinnll table. 
 I'lur. 
 sninlJ fnlilfH 
 
 of XIIKlll tdllll X 
 
 to or for i<iit<ill tahlee 
 
 XIIXlll tdlilf'H 
 
 O ^)naU iahlcH ' 
 
 by, with or from kvuiU tables. 
 
 6. 
 
 Mom. 
 (hn. 
 iJnt. 
 
 ACG. 
 
 Voc. 
 .Ibl. 
 
 Xom. 
 
 dm. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 AcG. 
 
 Voo. 
 Ahl. 
 
 Parvrv mensa, 
 Parvae incnnao, 
 Parvae inensae, 
 Parvam niciiKam, 
 Parvfi meniia, 
 Parva mensa, 
 
 Parvae mennae, 
 Pai'vai-um monaarum, 
 Parvis raensia, 
 Parvas mensas, 
 Parvae mensae, 
 Parvis mentiis, 
 
 Massouline Adjectives i)i:(.'i,inei) ai-ono wrrir Ma-suulink 
 
 Nouns, liUTH of Suconu Declensiox. 
 
 (A.) 
 
 Sifig. 
 
 a (jond lord 
 
 of a (jond bird 
 
 to or for a ijood lord 
 
 a (jodd lord 
 
 (jood lord 
 
 by, with, or from, a <jood lord. 
 i'liir. 
 
 (jood lord,^ 
 
 of (jood lords 
 
 to or for (jood lords 
 
 good lord» 
 
 O (jood lords 
 
 hy, with, or from good lords. 
 
 (B.) 
 
 sing. 
 
 a (jood hoy 
 
 (f a (Jood hoy 
 
 to or for a (jood boy 
 
 a (jood boy 
 
 good hoy 
 
 by^ with, or from a good boy. 
 
 N^om. Bonus doniinus, 
 
 Oen. Boni domini, 
 
 Ddt. Bono domino, 
 
 Ace. Bonum dominura, 
 
 Voo. Bone domine, 
 
 Abl. Bono domino, 
 
 Norn. Boni domini, 
 
 Gen. Bonorum dominorum, 
 
 Ikit. Bonis dominis. 
 
 Ace. Bonos dominos, 
 
 Vac. Boni domini, 
 
 Abl. Bonis d5mlni8, 
 
 Nom. Bonus puer, 
 
 Gen. Boni pueri, 
 
 Dat. Bono puero. 
 
 Ace. Bonum puerum, 
 
 Voo. B6n8 pu§r, 
 
 Abl. Bono puero, 
 
CASES AlUJANOED AS IN 01U)INAUY OnAMMAllS. 9 
 
 ■& 
 
 ■orum 
 
 ■is 
 
 & 
 
 ■Ik 
 'Is 
 
 IIOTH 
 
 Nom 
 dm. 
 J)nt. 
 Arc. 
 
 Abl. 
 
 B6nl pQPrl, 
 Bonorum pil5r6rum, 
 Bonis pu^ris, 
 B5u5b pueros, 
 Boni pueri, 
 B5nis pueris, 
 
 Nmn. 
 Gen. 
 Dal. 
 Ace. 
 
 Vnc. 
 Ahl. 
 
 riiir. 
 
 of ( fill II I />(>//8 
 
 ti> i>r fur ijixiil liiiys 
 
 ijixiil //oys 
 
 (} <JO<)ii llOtJK 
 
 h]fy with, or from ijuml buys, 
 6. 
 Nevter AiuKUTiVE DiccLiNEP AL()N(» WITH Ni;r'n;u NotN, 
 
 UUTII Ol^ Sl',(X>NI) DlX'l.KNSloN. 
 
 (A.) 
 
 Sltip. 
 
 N(mi. Magnum rrgnum, a (jmtt hinijuitm 
 
 (ifii. Magni logni, of n iji-tut himiJoiii 
 
 Dat. M;igno rtgnd, to or for a (imit liiiKjdom 
 
 Ace. Magnum regnum, a ijnal hhuiiloin 
 
 Vor,. Magnum rognum, <J [inat Uiinjihoa 
 
 Ahl. Magno regno, />//, idth^ or froio, a ijrcat hiiojihm. 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 ijrcat I hiqdonifi 
 of (jrcot kinijdoiiM 
 tit orfiir ijrrat himjiJoiiui 
 ijnat kiitijiloin)* 
 (} (jrral ki)iijdoiiii^ 
 hji, with, or front ijnat hinijilomis. 
 
 0') 
 
 Siifi. "iilv. 
 
 Nom. Magnum pciHgua, //'■■' rrrmt «ca 
 
 Gen. Magni pelagi, if thu uroat t^m 
 
 Dat. Magno pelago, to ovfor the gnat Kca 
 
 Ace. Magnum pelagus, thr {innt fira 
 
 Voc. Magnum pelagus, thr (jnoi sva 
 
 Ahl, Magno pelago, hy, icith, or from the great i< a. 
 
 7. 
 Masctline Ai>ji:;:ti\e ov Siy((\n Dwimcnsion hkcmneu with 
 
 MaSCVLINE NulN OK FlU«T DECl.KNtilON. 
 
 o fnnumn f^allor 
 of afanumn sailor 
 tit or for a fatttouit sailor 
 a fa nutux sailor 
 () fartums saihir 
 
 .by, withy or fruin a famous sailor. 
 riur. 
 
 famous sailors 
 of famous' so ihirs 
 to ox for famous sailors 
 famous sailors 
 Ounmms sailors 
 hy, with, ox from famous sailors. 
 
 Magnum rrgnum, 
 Magni logni, 
 M;igno rtgnd, 
 Magnum regnum. 
 Magnum rognum, 
 Magno regno. 
 
 Magna regn&, 
 Magnorum regnorum, 
 Magnis vet^'ni^, 
 Magna regna. 
 Magna regna, 
 Magnis rcgnis, 
 
 Nom. 
 
 ClaruB nauta, 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Clari nautae. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Clar5 nautae, 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Clarum nautam, 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Clare nauta. 
 
 Ahl. 
 
 Claro nauta, 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Clarl nautae, 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Claronim nautarum, 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Claris nautis. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Clar5s nautas, 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Clari nautae. 
 
 Abl, 
 
 Cla'-rs nautiB, 
 
. -«iA«MUiyWtoi 
 
 10 
 
 F1U8T VNIJ MKCONU DKCl.ENsIONti. 
 
 KuLK 6. — A(lj(3(!tivuH ugiiMi with their Nouiih in goiulol", 
 uiimbor, and caso. 
 
 Noto that the AJjcctivo in Latin i« HoinutiniuH phiccd 
 aftor tho Noun. 
 
 11 
 
 EXEUCIHK VI. 
 
 A.— !• Sorvns est tiniidus. 2. Oolnnibii est tiinidiv. .'?. Oau- 
 (limn est iiiiif;iiiini. 4. Scrvi sunt nuili. 5. Insr.lac sunt mn^uiic. 
 (). Opjiida HUiit jiarva. 7. Muii sunt :ilti. 8. I'ucUac sunt Injuac. 
 [K Ilorti HUnt liiti. 10. Alac sunt nUnm. 
 
 1. Tho sword is long. 2. Thi! islund is long. 3. Tlio shiuldsarc 
 In ig. 4. The slaves aro timid, f). Tlie doves an' timid. (5. The 
 towns arc great. 7. Tlie temi)les are snjall. 8. Tlie sliields arc 
 wide. y. 'J'lio kingdom is great. 10. The friends are good. 
 
 E. — 1. Cohnuba albas alas habet. 2. MnlLao coUimbae albas 
 alas habent. 3. (iraecia mult;i templa habet. 4. Splendida temjila 
 sunt ghiria Giateiae. 5, I'.ellicosa regina nniltas terras habet. 
 G. Ojipidmn magnum nuiltas jiurtas habet. 7. Magister librum bono 
 puero dat. 8. Avus praemium bonae puellae dat. 5). I'ericula 
 nautaruni sunt magna. 10. Dondnus acutos gladios habet. 
 
 1. The (jueen lias many islands. 2. The ([ueen gives swords 
 to the inhal/itaiits. 3. Gaul has many towns. 4. The templea 
 are great and -nlendid. 5. The dauglilers of the women are good. 
 6. The son ol (lie warlike (lueen has a shar]) sw^rd. 7. Tlu; high 
 banks have many roses. 8. The lUmne is a great and broad river. 
 D. The roses ol' the high banks are, wiule. 10. The Rhine is a 
 rapid river. 
 
 C. — i. I'uer est aeger. 2. Tuella est ae^ra. 3. Aurumi templi esi 
 sacrum. 4. JJegina est pulehra. 5. Filiae sunt tenerae. (i. Filii 
 sunt miseri. 7. Murbns niolestns est tenero tilio. 8. Exemplum 
 servi noxium ]!i'.'."') est. 5). I'raemia dilii;entiae sunt grata dis- 
 cipulis. 10. Magi est munerus puerorum. 
 
 1. The pupils of ,, ii iste'- ire .sick. 2, The master gives a 
 book to the sick l>.iy„ ' '!'!:;• black slaves are troublesome to the 
 lord. 4. lireat h i). c i m.])er of bl^.- '■■■ slaves. 5. The splendid 
 gifts of the temple, aro i^uered. 0. («ieat is the diligence of the 
 beautiful girl. 7. Tho diligence of the girl is pleasing to the 
 grandfather. 8. The example of the slaves is injurious to the ptipils. 
 !). The disease is troublesome to the wretclied girl. lO. Tho 
 master gives rewards to the beautiful girl. 
 
 I 
 
I 
 
 CAHEH AUllANOKU AS IN OKniNAUY OUAMMAUS. 11 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 
 VII. -The Tiinm or Consonant and I 
 J)i;('m:nsi()N. 
 
 Tlio Koniiuiitivo Siii,i!,iil)ir of Noinm of Ww Tlunl 
 Oicloiision uiids in various lc4tcrH. Tht'ir wtumM oud in 
 boniy consonant or i. 
 
 A. Moifcidiiic <ind Feminine Nautis. 
 I. Stems endiNvT in a Consonant. 
 1. NounH tlio Btoms oi which end in the hihiul (lip) 
 lottorH j>, b, m. 
 
 SiiiR. 1. 
 
 Sifin. Trab-B (/.), " '"'"'" 
 (Jen. Trib-l8, of a In-am 
 Dal. Tvab-I, 
 Ace. Trab-em, 
 Voo. Trab-B, 
 Ahl Trab-6, 
 
 U) or /or a Ihhuu 
 
 I) Itfinn 
 
 hi/, irilh, or fram 
 a hoam. 
 
 Trab-e9, 
 
 Trab-um, 
 
 Trab-IbiiB, 
 
 Trab-68, 
 
 Trab-es, 
 
 Trab-ibiid, 
 
 I'hir. 
 bcti nui 
 of htnniH 
 tit iir for lirams 
 
 hittniH 
 
 by, ii'ilh, or frum 
 beams. 
 
 2. 
 
 Som. Princop-8 (c), a rhiif 
 (h'H. Princip-is, of a rhiif 
 Dat. Princip-i, to i^t for a i-hiif 
 .Ifc. Prinoip-em, a f7n'(/ 
 Voc. Princep-s, <) i'hiif 
 xihl. Prmoip-5, by, ii'ilh. or frum 
 a chtcf. 
 
 Piindp-C9. rhiif X 
 
 Princip-um, i>f ckiifx 
 
 Piinoip-Ibu8, to or /or chitfa 
 
 Princip-ea, chiifH 
 
 Princip-es, O chiifs 
 
 PrincIp-IbuB, by, in'th, or from 
 chnfif. 
 
 8. 
 
 Norn, HiSm-s (/.), winter 
 Gun. H!ein-l3, of winter 
 Dat. Hiem-i, 
 Aoc. Hiein-em, 
 VoG. Hiem-s, 
 Abl. Hiem-S, 
 
 to or for winter 
 
 'Willtl'T 
 
 O winter 
 by, with, Oi from 
 winter. 
 
 HIem-os, 
 I Hlem-ura, 
 ; Hiera-lbiis, 
 
 Hiem-es, 
 i Hiem-es, 
 j Hiem Ibus, 
 
 winti'rg 
 if iriiiti'V^ 
 tit or fur ii'iiitirs 
 winter)* 
 O winti'r^ 
 by, irith, or from 
 winters. 
 
 2. Nouns the stcniis of 
 (throat) luttcVH r, g. Note.- 
 iivo yinguhir cs, ys arc contracted into x. 
 
 whi(,h end in the guttural 
 -In the lS\)minativo and Voca- 
 
 
 
 Sing. 1 
 
 • 
 
 riiir. 
 
 Som. 
 
 Dux (c), 
 
 a Jcoiler 
 
 Duc-es, 
 
 leadi'TS 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Duo-Is, 
 
 of a letulrr 
 
 Duc-um, 
 
 of li (idem 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Duo-i, 
 
 to or /or a lendi r 
 
 Duc-ibus, 
 
 to or for leaders 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Duc-em, 
 
 a leader 
 
 Duc-es, 
 
 leaders 
 
 VCMi. 
 
 Dux, 
 
 lender 
 
 DuC-Ca, 
 
 h-adi-rs 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Duc-g, 
 
 by, irilh, or from 
 a leader. 
 
 Duc-ibuB, 
 
 by, itrith, or from 
 leaders. 
 

 ■^7* 
 
 1^ 
 
 THIltD I>E(?LENSION. 
 
 
 s 
 
 IIR. 1 
 
 S. 
 
 riur. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Lex (/.), 
 
 a law 
 
 Log-es, 
 
 hiiif 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Leg-ie, 
 
 of (I law 
 
 Lcg-um, 
 
 of Uiim 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Le?-i, 
 
 to or for a law 
 
 L5g-ibus, 
 
 to ov for hiic$ 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Leg-em, 
 
 a hiio 
 
 Leg-es, 
 
 hi ion 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Lex, 
 
 Inw 
 
 Leg-es, 
 
 laws 
 
 All. 
 
 Leg-S, 
 
 by, with, or from, 
 a law. 
 
 Lsg-ibiis, 
 
 by, with, or frc^ 
 laws. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Judex (c), 
 
 ajufhjr JQdio-es, 
 
 judges 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Judiola, 
 
 of a judge 
 
 Judic-um, 
 
 of judges 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Judio-I, 
 
 to or for a judge 
 
 Judic-ibus, 
 
 to or for judges 
 
 Ace, 
 
 Judic-em, 
 
 a judge 
 
 Judic-es, 
 
 judges 
 
 \'oo. 
 
 Judex, 
 
 judge 
 
 Judic-es, 
 
 judges 
 
 All 
 
 Jadio-6, 
 
 by, irifh, or from 
 a judge. ' 
 
 Judic-ibus, 
 
 by, icifh, or from 
 judges. 
 
 
 firat, (7 
 
 e, xhe, it) wdx. 
 
 firant, (they) were. 
 
 EXEUCTSE VII. 
 
 1. Tr<a1ica sunt longae, 2. Koinulus Romanornm rex erat. 3. Pax 
 rcgi jucuiida erat. 4. Jadices erant justi. 5. Duces oruiit bonigni. 
 G. Leges Romanorum severae erant. 7. Rcges arcos firiuas ha- 
 bent. 8. Arx urbi.s est finna. 9. Ilieuis ngricolis molcsta erat. 
 10. Opjiida regis finna erant. 
 
 1. The beams were long. 2. b'ouie is a eity of Italy. 3. The 
 leader of the Pioinans was warlike. 4. Peaee was pleasant to the 
 leaders. 5. The king gives the eity to the leader, (i. The judges 
 were kind and just. 7. The king gives a book to the severe judge. 
 8. The disease is troublesome to the king. 9. The example is 
 injuvious to the judges, 10. The sous of the judges are severe. 
 
 3. Nouna tho stoniH of which end in the dental (teeth) 
 letters t, d. 
 
 1. I'lur. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Aeta-8 (/.), an age 
 
 Geu. 
 
 Aetat-is, 
 
 of an age 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Aotat-i, 
 
 to f)r for an age 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Aetat-i^m, 
 
 an age 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Aet"t-8, 
 
 age 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Aetit-6, 
 
 by, nith, or from 
 an age. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Lapis (m.), 
 
 a stone 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Lapid4iB, 
 
 of a Ktone 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Lapid-i, 
 
 to or f')r a stone 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Lapid-em, 
 
 a stone 
 
 Voo. 
 
 Lapis, 
 
 stone 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Lapid-S, 
 
 by, with, or from 
 
 I Aetat-es, ages 
 
 I Aetat-um, of ages 
 
 I Aetat-ibus, to or for ages 
 
 Aotat-es, ages 
 
 Aetat-es, (> ages 
 
 Aetat-ibiis, by, with, or from 
 ages. 
 
 2. 
 
 mi!' 
 
 Lapid-es, ston s 
 Lapid-um, of stones 
 Lapid-ibiis, to or for stones 
 Lapid-es, 8ton(','< 
 Lapid-es, O stones 
 Lapid-ibua, by, with, or from 
 stones. 
 
 [iiV 
 
CASES ARRANGED AS IN ORDINARY GRAMMARS. 13 
 
 3. 
 
 # 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Mn6-3 (fl.), 
 
 a mhlipr 
 
 Millt-ea, 
 
 soldirrs 
 
 Geh. 
 
 Milit-18, 
 
 of a full Her 
 
 Milit-um, 
 
 of soldiers 
 
 Diit. 
 
 Miht-i, 
 
 to or for It soldiir 
 
 Milit-ibiis, 
 
 to in- fur sohlirrK 
 
 Arc. 
 
 Mint-cm, 
 
 a fiolih'rr 
 
 Miiit-es, 
 
 m}(lii rK 
 
 Vn(^. 
 
 Milc-8, 
 
 () holil/i r 
 
 Milit-es, 
 
 O Koliiivrs 
 
 Ahl 
 
 MlUt-ej 
 
 by, iiutli, or from 
 n Kohlii'r. 
 
 Milit-ibus, 
 
 hij, iritli, or from 
 H(>hlii'r8. 
 
 Rule 7. — The Ablativo case iiuUcatos — (1) The instru- 
 ment or moans by M'hich something is done : as, doniinus 
 hasta servum occidit, the lord kills the slave with a spear. 
 
 (2) The time when something is done or takes place : 
 as, noctes hieme longao sunt, the niyhts are long in winter. 
 Oooldit, (Ae, she, it) kilh. Ocoldunt, (fhey) kill. 
 
 Exercise VIII. 
 
 1. Miles gladio obsidem occidit. 2. Miles lapido comitem occidit 
 
 3. Pedites custodes gladiis occidunt. 4. Tanipestatcs auctumno 
 mat^nac sunt. 5. Equites et pedites timidi erant. 6. Custudos 
 auri erant timidi. 7. I\lors est lex naturae. 8. Civitas Romanorum 
 clara erat. 9. Voluntas judicis justa est. 10. Milites judices hastis 
 occidunt. 
 
 1. Tempests in the winter are great. 2. A tem^iest in the sum- 
 mer is troublesome. 3. A long night in the winter is pleasant. 
 
 4. The iidiabitants kill the soldiers with stones. 5. The hostages 
 kill the foot-soldiers with spears. 6. The wish of the companion is 
 just. 7. The horse-soldiers and foot-soldiers have swords, 8. The 
 guardian of tlie silver was tinud. 9. The boy has many fciones. 
 10. The king has many soldiers and companions. 
 
 4. Nouns the stems of which end in the liquids I, r, 
 and the sibilant 8. 
 
 sing. 
 Nom. Consul (w), a coiiml 
 Gen. Cbnsiil-is, f a ct>nsut 
 Dat. Consul-i, to or for n conml 
 Ace. Consiil-em, a conxul 
 Voo. Coiitiil, amxul 
 Abl. Consul-g, by, nAlh, or from 
 a consul. 
 
 2. 
 
 Nmn. ClamSr (m.), o fhout 
 Gen. Clam6r-Is, of a f^hout 
 Dat. Clamor-i, to f)r for a shout 
 Ace. Clamor-em, a ^7/«?<< 
 Voc. Clamor, shout 
 Abl. Clamor-8, by, with, or from 
 a f.hout. 
 
 Plur. 
 Conaul-es, conmh 
 Consul-um, of conmh 
 Consiil-ibus, to or for conmh 
 Consiil-es, consuls 
 Consul-es, O consuls 
 Consul-ibiis, by, with, or from 
 consuls. 
 
 Clam6r-es, shouts 
 Clamor-um, of shouts 
 Clamor-ibiis, to or for shouts 
 Clamor-es, shouts 
 Ciamoi'-c.., xh(»its 
 Clamor-ibus, hy. ii-ith, or from 
 shouts. 
 
14 
 
 THIRD DECLENSION. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 8. 
 
 rinr. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 AnsSr (m. 
 
 ), o goose 1 Anser-Ss, 
 
 geese 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Anser-Is, 
 
 of a (jiio.ie Ans(5r-um, 
 
 of geese 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Anser-i, 
 
 tu or fur <i ;/o(i«(; Aiisei'-ibus, 
 
 to or for geese 
 
 Aco. 
 
 Anscr-em 
 
 a (jooxr ' Anser-os, 
 
 grciti: 
 
 VOG. 
 
 Aus5r, 
 
 O'gooM' 1 Anser-es, 
 
 () geese 
 
 AM. 
 
 Anser-6, 
 
 by, with, or from Ans6r-ibus 
 
 by, with, or from. 
 
 
 
 a goose. i 
 
 4. 
 
 a father Patr-es, 
 
 geese. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 P&tSr, 
 
 fathers 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Patr-l8, 
 
 of n father 
 
 Patr-um, 
 
 of fathers 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Patr-i, 
 
 to or for a father 
 
 Patr-IbuB, 
 
 to or for fathers 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Patr-em, 
 
 afathir 
 
 Patr-§8, 
 
 fathers 
 
 Voc. 
 
 P&ter, 
 
 fathir 
 
 Patr-es, 
 
 () fathers 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Patr-e, 
 
 by, icith, (ir from 
 
 Patr-Ibtls, 
 
 by, with, or from 
 
 
 
 n father. 
 
 1 
 
 i. 
 
 FI6r-5s, 
 
 fathers. 
 
 Nom 
 
 F153 Cm.), 
 
 1 
 a flower 
 
 floipers 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Flor-is, 
 
 of a flower 
 
 Flor-um, 
 
 of flmtv.rs 
 
 Dat. 
 
 F16r-i, 
 
 to or for a flower 
 
 Flor-ibus, 
 
 to or for flowers 
 
 Aco. 
 
 F16r-em, 
 
 a flower 
 
 Flor-es, 
 
 flowers 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Flos, 
 
 flower 
 
 Fldr-es, 
 
 f) flowers 
 
 Abl 
 
 Flor-e, 
 
 by, with, or from 
 a flower. 
 
 EXERC 
 
 Flor-Ibus, 
 ISE IX. 
 
 by, with, or from 
 flowers. 
 
 1. Puor patrem et matrem liabot. 2. Paellae fratres et sorores 
 habent. 3. Odores fiorum sunt varii. 4. Color floris est jucundus. 
 
 5. Labor aestato molostus est. G. Calor solis molestus est, 7. Tota 
 urbs est praeda victoris. 8. Aggeroa et fossae sunt munimenta 
 castrorum. 9. Clamor militum niultistus est. 
 
 1. The father of the judge is just, 2. The mother of the soldier is 
 sick, 3, The hostage has a brother and a sister. 4. The colours of 
 the flowers are various. 5, The brother gives a flower to (his) sister. 
 
 6. The shout of ^|g|*Bldiers was great. 7. The heat of the sun is 
 groat. 8. The h^CTs troublesome in the sumnu^r. 9. The mounds 
 of the camp are high. 10. The cities are the booty of the soldiers. 
 
 5. Nouns tlic 8toms of which eud in on or on (hi). 
 
 
 
 Sing. 
 
 1 
 
 . 
 
 Plur 
 
 Nom. 
 
 L6o (m.), 
 
 a lion 
 
 
 Leon-es, 
 
 lion* 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Lgon-is, 
 
 of a lion 
 
 
 Leon-um, 
 
 of lions 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Leon-i, 
 
 to or for 
 
 a lion 
 
 Leon-ibus, 
 
 to or for linns 
 
 Ace. 
 
 L§on-em, 
 
 a lion 
 
 
 Leon-es, 
 
 lions 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Leo, 
 
 lion 
 
 
 Le6n-e3, 
 
 lions 
 
 Abl 
 
 Leon-e, 
 
 by, with, 
 a lion. 
 
 or from 
 
 Leon-Ibus, 
 
 by, irifh, or from 
 lions. 
 
CASES ARRANGED AS IN ORDlNARTi GRAMMARS. 15 
 
 IH. 
 
 )?>» 
 
 im 
 
 jundus. 
 J. Tota 
 inieuta 
 
 Idior is 
 ours of 
 ) sister. 
 sun is 
 nounds 
 )ldii;rs. 
 
 A 
 
 J 
 
 ■om 
 
 Sing. 
 JVom. Virgo (/.), « maiden 
 Gen. Virgin-Is, of n vKiidcn 
 Vat. Virgin-i, fom- fnra iiKu'ih u 
 Ace. Virgin-em, a maid in 
 Voe. Virgo, O maidi n 
 Abl. Virgin-6, l>t/, irilh, or /n»u 
 a iiiaidin. 
 
 2. I'lnr. 
 
 ' Virgln-es, maidinn 
 
 Virgin-um, of inaidfus 
 
 Virgin-ibus, tn or fur nKfidina 
 
 Virgin-es, iniiidfns 
 : Virgin-cs, (> tnaidi hh 
 
 Virgin-ibus, '>//, irilh, or from 
 inaidcnu. 
 
 EXKUCIBK X. 
 
 1. Leones sunt validi. 2. Virgo est timida. 3. Calor molcstus 
 est multis hominibus. 4. Consuctudo altera natura est.^ 6. Sornio 
 cratoris est doctus. 6. Pavuues agricolao sunt pulcliri. 7. Mors 
 hominibus certa est. 8. Multitudo morborum est infinita. 9. Juno 
 eiat dea Romanorum. 10. Vita hominibus grata est. 
 
 1. The lion is strong. 2. The maidens are timid. 3. The multi- 
 tude of men is infinite. 4. The soldier kills the lion with a sword. 
 5. The father gives a peacock to the maiden. 6. The heat is 
 troublesome. 7. The heat in autumn is injurious to men. 8. The 
 discourses of the orators were learned, 9. Juno and Minerva were 
 goddesses of the Romans. 10. The peacock was sacred to Juno. 
 
 Norn. Host-Is (c), an enemy 
 
 Gen 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 Voo. 
 Abl. 
 
 Host-is, 
 
 Host-I, 
 
 Host-em, 
 
 Host-Is, 
 
 Host-5, 
 
 II. Stejis ending in I. 
 
 sing. !• 
 
 Host-es, 
 
 Host-Ium, 
 
 Kost-ibus, 
 
 Host-es, 
 
 Host-es, 
 
 Host-ibiis, 
 
 of an enemy 
 toot for an enemy 
 an enemy 
 O enemy 
 
 by, with, or from 
 an enemy. 
 
 Some stems in i liavo tliu Nominativo in e und are thus 
 declined : — 
 
 Plur. 
 enemies 
 of cnemien 
 to m- for enemiea 
 enemieH 
 O enemies 
 by, with, or frmn 
 
 enenu'ex. 
 
 a. 
 
 Nom. Nub-es (/.), « '-"'''"'^ 
 
 Oen. 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 Voe. 
 Abl. 
 
 Nub-is, 
 
 Nub-I, 
 
 Nub-em, 
 
 Nub-es, 
 
 Ndb-e, 
 
 (f a cloud 
 to or for a cloud 
 a cloud 
 cloud 
 
 by, '»•///,, or from 
 a cloud. 
 
 Nub-es, 
 
 Nub-Ium, 
 
 Nub-ibiis, 
 
 Nub-es, 
 
 Nub-03, 
 
 Nub-ibus, 
 
 clouds 
 of clouds 
 to or for clouds 
 cJoUfh 
 O clouds 
 
 by, iciili, or from 
 clouds. 
 
 Exercise XI. 
 
 1. Gives agros et hortos habent. 2. Rex civibus pracmia dat. 
 8. Nubes atnu". sunt causa tempo latum. 4. Itupes sunt durae. 
 5*. Urbs turres altas habet. 6, Clades hostium mai^iia erat. 
 7! Classis Romana duces periios laln't. 8. Valles hostihuH nolao 
 erant. 9. Giaucia valles an,mi:;ta:-i iiabtt. 10. Vir<:;r, j.ulchram 
 vcstem habet. 
 
!^"i^mm3zm.L^ 
 
 lij r 
 
 16 
 
 THIRD DECT.KNSTON. 
 
 1. The citizens wore timid. 2. The valleys are known to the 
 citizens. 3. Tlio mother gives a giinncul to "the maiden. 4. The 
 citizens kill the enemies with swords. 5. The rocks are known 
 to tlu3 citizens. G. The vnlleys of Greece are narrow. 7. 'I'he 
 Roman lleet has a skilful leader. 8, 'i'he maidens liavc l)eautiful 
 garments. (). The slaughter of the soldiers was great. 10. 'J'lie 
 leaders of the enemies were skilful, v 
 
 ;_ B. Neuter Nouns. 
 
 I. Stems ENniNO in a Consonant. 
 Nouns the stems of which end in w, r, s, t. 
 
 Sing. 
 Norn, NomSn, a name 
 Gen. Nomin-Is, of a name 
 Dat. N6min-i, to or for a name 
 Ace. NomSn, o nnmt 
 Voc. Nomen, O name 
 Abl Nomin-S, %, with, or from 
 a name. 
 
 1- Plur. 
 
 N6min-a, names 
 N6min-um, of names 
 Nomin-ibiis, to or for names 
 N6min-&, namcK 
 N6mln-a, names 
 Noiuin-ibiis, hi/, with, or from 
 names. 
 
 ss 
 
 Kom. Ful^iir, b'ghfnwfi 
 Gen. Fulgur-is, of liijhtuing 
 Dat. Fulgur-i, to nr'fir liijhtning 
 Aco. Fulgur, light niiuj ' 
 Voc. Fulgur, O Hqhlniuij 
 Ahl. Fulgiir-g, by, ui'fh, or from 
 lightning. 
 
 Fulgur-a, lightnings 
 Fulgur-um, of lightnings 
 Fulgur-ibus, to or for lightnings 
 Fulgur-a, lightnings' 
 Fulgur-a, lightnings' 
 Fulgur-ibiia, l»j, 'n-ifh, 'or from 
 lightnings. 
 
 Nom. CrQs, 
 Gen. Crur-Is, 
 Dat. Crur-I, 
 Crtis, 
 Crua, 
 Crm'-6, 
 
 Aco. 
 Voc. 
 Abl. 
 
 Nom. Opiis, 
 Gen. 6p6r-is, 
 5p5r-I, 
 fipiis, 
 Opus, 
 Op8r-e, 
 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 Voc. 
 Abl. 
 
 a leg 
 of a leg 
 to or for a hg 
 a h'(i 
 O leg 
 
 by, irith, or fnm 
 a leg. 
 
 t 
 
 a work 
 of a vorh 
 to or for n VforTt 
 a irork 
 O work 
 
 by, with, or front 
 a work. 
 
 CiHr-a, 
 
 Crur-um, 
 
 Crur-ibfis, 
 
 Criir-a, 
 
 Crtir-a. 
 
 Crur-ibfis, 
 
 6per-&, 
 
 Oper-um, 
 
 6per-ibus, 
 
 5por-a, 
 
 5per-a, 
 
 5per-ibiis, 
 
 Nom. Corptls, a body 
 
 Gen. Corpor-is, of a horly 
 
 Dat. Coipor-i, to or fir a body 
 
 Ace. Coipus, a. hoiiij 
 
 Voc, Corpus, body 
 
 Am. Corpor-6, by, ihith, or from 
 a lioili/- 
 
 Corpor-&, 
 Corpor-ura, 
 
 Corp6r-Ibi:3, 
 Corpor-a. 
 Corp6r-a, 
 Corpor-ibr", 
 
 legs 
 of legs 
 
 to or for legs 
 legs 
 O legs 
 
 by, with, or from 
 legs. 
 
 iL'orks 
 of trorhs 
 to or lor irorks 
 ir(n-}i:< 
 works 
 
 by, with, or from 
 works. 
 
 bodies 
 
 of fiodii's 
 
 to or for liodics 
 
 bod!: .-: 
 
 lioiliis 
 
 by, with, or fron> 
 
 hiiili, s 
 
CASES AIJUAN'-JKI) AS IN ORDINARY GRAMMARS. 17 
 
 ) the 
 The 
 
 TllG 
 
 tiful 
 'I'ho 
 
 s* 
 
 ^ 
 
 Nom. Caput, 
 Grn. Capit-is, 
 Vat, Capit-i, 
 Ace. Caput, 
 Vor. Caput, 
 Abl. Capite, 
 
 iSiiit;. 6> 
 
 a Juail 
 
 of <t IlKllI 
 
 til or _/''</• (( /(. till 
 II llidil 
 (} la, I, I 
 
 by, ii-ilh, or from 
 a In (III. 
 
 Capit-a, 
 
 Capit-um, 
 
 Capit-ibus, 
 
 Capit-a, 
 
 Cfipit-a, 
 
 Capit-ibiis, 
 
 II. SlKMS lONDlNd IN I. 
 
 Tlio NomiiKitivo in <", ul, ar. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 (int. 
 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 Voc. 
 Abl. 
 
 Mar-§, 
 
 Mar-is, 
 
 Mar-i, 
 
 Mar-e, 
 
 Mar-e, 
 
 Mar-i, 
 
 sill!,'. 
 th 
 
 1. 
 
 (f fill' xrd 
 
 id nr far I III' ,s'((( 
 (he ma 
 O 6i:a 
 
 by, ividi, or from 
 the *(('((. 
 
 Mar-ia, 
 
 Mar-Ium, 
 
 Mar-ibug, 
 
 Mar-ia, 
 
 Miir-ia, 
 
 Mar-ibus, 
 
 Nom. Animal, nn animal Animal-ia, 
 
 Gen. Amn\a,l-is,if ail iiiiiiiHiI Animai-ium, 
 
 Dat. Animal-i, toorforiinnniiiinl Animal-ibus, 
 Ace. Animal, an aniinal . Auimal-ia, 
 
 Voc. Animal, O animal I Animal-ia, 
 
 Abl. Animal-I, by, irith, or from \ Animal-ibus, 
 an animal. I 
 
 Nom. Calcar, a fimr 
 
 Gen. Calcar-is, of a spur 
 
 Dat. Calcar-i, (o m- for a .'<pur 
 
 Ace. Calcar, a .^jiur 
 
 Voc Calcar, () .sy/nr 
 
 Abl. Calcar-T, by. iriih, or from 
 a .'ipnr. 
 
 3. 
 
 Calcar-ia, 
 
 Caloar-Jum, 
 
 Calcar-ibus, 
 
 Calcar-ia, 
 
 Calcar-ia, 
 
 Calcar-ibus, 
 
 I'lur. 
 hiiuh 
 if hi iiih 
 to or for hiadt 
 I'l ail.'< 
 () III ailn 
 by, with, or fruiii 
 
 Iliads. 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 KIIIK 
 
 of Si as 
 to {)!■ far seas 
 sias 
 (> SI as 
 
 by, tviih, or from 
 seas, 
 
 (Uiiiiinls 
 of animals 
 (o or for animals 
 animals 
 O animals 
 by^ vith, or from 
 animals. 
 
 s])iirs 
 <f sjiitrs 
 to or for spurs 
 spurs 
 () sjiiirs 
 
 by. irilh, or from 
 sjiiirs. 
 
 ExekciseXII. 
 
 A. — 1. Noiui'ii Ciirtliii^iiiis olanun erat. 2. Litora eraiit aiign.sta. 
 3, El('|iliaiiti iiiauiia capita ot parvii crura liabcnt. -1. BalTicnac K 
 parva ora Imbciit. f). FulL!;ur est rajmiuiii. (J, Opus est cUiruiii 
 et inoU'stutii. 7, Ira causa niultoruiii srclcauii est. 8. Juno aii- 
 tiquis tcin]H)ribus cnit clca. t>. Sidcni nautis is^vnUx sunt. 10. Eriguy 
 liicmu est inolestuiii. 
 
 1. I'lii! iiamo of Cicero is reur)wiie(l. 2. Tlie works of (Jiccro 
 are renowned. ;,?, Elephants liave a s1ron;j; body. 4. Tiie le<rs 
 of clepliants are small, f). Tho mouths df whales arc smaTl. 
 6. Elephants liave ;i;i-eat lieads and snmll ey.;s. 7. 'J'he crimes 
 are known to the judi;c. 8. The eold is tronblesome to the maiden. 
 !». The time of the year i.s pleasant. 10. The shore is wide. 
 
 B.— 1. Maria, stmt domicilia pi.seium. 2. Calcaria sunt decus 
 equitis. 3. Litora maris sunt magna. 4. Nautao retia liabent. 
 
 Pr. L. I. r 
 
18 
 
 THIHD DP:CLENSiON. 
 
 hi- f 
 
 \'V:.| 
 
 ■"-'-'VtM 
 
 HB-'^ ' 
 
 5. Vccii<:;alia sniit niagiia. 6. Graiiien aniiualibuH gratum erat. 
 7. Calcaria winitis sunt nova. H. Maria sunt profunda, *.). Gcnrra 
 aninialiuni su»jt varia. 10. Fquitus aurca calcaria liabcnt. 
 
 1. The sea is i\w,\). 2. The shores of the seas are high. 3. The 
 deep sea is tlie abode of fislies. 4. The nets of the sailors are 
 golden. 5. The king gives golden 'jcts to the sailors. 6. The 
 spurs of the horse-soldier are golden. 7. The king gives a golden 
 spur to the horse-soldier. 8. Tiie animal is strong, i). Many 
 animals are strong. 10. The tax is troul)lesoine. 
 
 Nouns ok Thihd Dk.omcnsion, and Ailikotives ok Fiijst and 
 
 SkCOM) DkCMCNSIONS, DKCI.IMID TOCinUKIi. 
 
 1. Magnus Dux, a <jn<d kmlii-. 
 
 Norn. Magnus dux 
 Gen. Magni duels 
 Did. Magno diicl 
 Ace. Magnum ducom 
 Voc. Magne dux 
 Ahl. Magno duc§ 
 
 2. Bona Mater, 
 Nam. Bona mater 
 Gi'u. Bonae matris 
 
 Bonae matrl 
 
 Bonam matrem 
 
 Bona mater 
 
 Bona matr§ 
 
 3. Eapidum FlumSn, 
 Nom ^apiduni flumen | 
 
 Gen. Rapidi fluminis 
 Dat. Rapldo flumini 
 Ace. Rapidum flumen 
 Voe. Rapidum flumen 
 Abl. Rapido flumlue 
 
 Did 
 Ace. 
 
 VOG, 
 
 Ahl. 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 Magni diices 
 Magnorum d. cum 
 Maguis ducibua 
 Magnos duces 
 Magni duces 
 Magnis diicibus. 
 a ijiiix] iiiotlu'T. 
 Bonae matrca 
 Bunarum mat rum 
 Bonis matribus 
 Bonas matres 
 Bonae matres 
 Bonis matribus. 
 a rapid rinr. 
 Hapida flumlna 
 Rapidorum fiumlnum 
 Rapliis fluminibus 
 Rapida flumlna 
 Raplda flumlna 
 Rapidis fluminibus. 
 
 VIII. — Adjectives of the Thiud Declension. 
 
 1. Adjectives ok Tiikek Teuminatioxs end in Sr, ris, re, and 
 aro decliiKul like Nouns of the 'J'hird Declension. Thoy have 
 three terii\inations in ilio '"^ Oniinativo and Vocative Snignlar 
 only : as, ucei', uevis, ilerc, sharit ; ecler, coloi'is, eelore, sicift. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 i- 
 
 M. 
 
 !•'. 
 
 N.^ 
 
 M. ,i;nl K. 
 
 N 
 
 Aoin 
 
 Acer 
 
 acris 
 
 acre 
 
 Acres 
 
 acrii 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Acris 
 
 acris 
 
 acris 
 
 Ac lum 
 
 acrium 
 
 Did. 
 
 Acri 
 
 acri 
 
 acri 
 
 Ac i bus 
 
 acribuB 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Aorem 
 
 aoiem 
 
 acre 
 
 Acroa 
 
 acria 
 
 Vnc. 
 
 Acer 
 
 acviji 
 
 acrfi 
 
 Acres 
 
 acria 
 
 Ahl. 
 
 Acri 
 
 acri 
 
 acri 
 
 Ac/ib'ls 
 
 aoribus 
 
 II. AiuEcris L'.h OF T\/o TERMiN.\TiONs are declined like 
 Isoiins of the Third Declension. Tiiev liave two terniina 
 
 iiM^ic*^- i'mmm^ - 
 
CASES AUUANGKl) AS IS OUDIN.VIIY OUAM.MAIJS IS) 
 
 tions in tlio Noniiuativu, Vocativo, aiul AcciisativL- only. 
 Thoy iucludo — 
 
 1. Adjuctivos ending ii» is: as, tristis (//<«wc. and 
 
 foil.), Iriste {iukL), sitd. 
 
 2. Ci>in[)arativL'H, endiii;:; in ior, ius : as, im'lior 
 
 (masc. and fcin.), mi'liua (neat.), Uctkr. 
 
 SiiiK. 
 
 I'ltir. 
 
 M. and !•'. 
 
 N. 
 
 ,M .iti.l K. 
 
 N. 
 
 .\<>m. Trist-is 
 
 trist-S 
 
 T. v3t-U3 
 
 trist-I\ 
 
 Gm. Trist-Is 
 
 trist-Ia 
 
 Tiist-ium 
 
 trist-Ium 
 
 Dat. Trist-i 
 
 trist-i 
 
 Trist-ibus 
 
 trial-Ibus 
 
 Ace. Trist-em 
 
 trist-6 
 
 Tnst-t'S 
 
 trist-i'i 
 
 Vi>r. Trist-i8 
 
 trist-8 
 
 Tl'lSt-tM 
 
 triat-Ia 
 
 .1///. Tri8t-i 
 
 trist-i 
 
 n 
 
 Triit-ibuy 
 
 trist-Ibus 
 
 .V(>/.'(. Melior 
 
 melius 
 
 M§lIor-Gs 
 
 melior-a 
 
 Gen. Mtiidr-is 
 
 melior-is 
 
 Melior-uiii 
 
 molioi -urn 
 
 Dat. Melior-I 
 
 melior-i 
 
 Molior-ibud 
 
 melior-ibus 
 
 Arc. Melior-eu 
 
 melius 
 
 MclI6r-ea 
 
 mellor-^ 
 
 Voc. Meli6r 
 
 melius 
 
 Melior-08 
 
 mclior-Jl 
 
 Abl. M51i6r-gori 
 
 melior-o m- 1 
 
 Melior-ibus 
 
 mcUor-ibiiB 
 
 III. Adjkctivks of One 
 
 TniiMiNATiON are 
 
 of varinnn 
 
 endings and d(?clinod like Nouns of the Third Dech-nsiun : 
 as, felix, fortunate ; prudens, i)ra(lcHt. 
 
 
 Sing. 
 
 
 
 M. and F. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Felix 
 
 felix 
 
 Ge7i. 
 
 Felio-lB 
 
 felic-is 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Felio-i 
 
 felic-i 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Felio-em 
 
 felix 
 
 Voo. 
 
 Felix 
 
 felix 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Felic-i or p 
 
 ft31xc-i i>r e 
 
 Nom 
 
 Prudvuii 
 
 prudtns 
 
 G,'n. 
 
 Priident-is 
 
 priident-in 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Prlidont-i 
 
 prudent-i 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Prudent-em 
 
 prudens 
 
 1 0(!. 
 
 Prudens 
 
 prudens 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 M. :uk1 K. 
 Felic-ea 
 Felic-ium 
 Felic-ibus 
 Felic-es 
 FC'lic-os 
 Felic-IbuR 
 
 N 
 
 folic-ia 
 
 felic-Ium 
 
 folic-ibuB 
 
 folic-ia 
 
 felin-in 
 
 felin-ibus 
 
 Prudent-ea inad.'.nt-iH 
 
 Pradont-ium icudent-Ium 
 
 Fr-" dcnt-ibus prudeui-ibus 
 
 Prudcnt-oa prudent-ia 
 
 Pr"u<out-08 prfid'jnt-la 
 
 Pradunt-ibus p- udeu'w-ibua 
 
 Tmui) Deckkshidn, dkclined with Nui n? uf Kiust, 
 Second, .\xi> 'i'lmu) DeclksmoSs. 
 1, Ceieris Sagittfi,- i/ -tn'ft arroir. 
 
 .Ihl. Prudsut-i or 6 prudent-i nr § 
 Adjectives oi 
 
 Nom. Ceieris sagitta 
 
 Geii. Ceieris sagittae 
 
 Dat. C61eri sagittas 
 
 Ace. CelSre-Ti sag.ttam 
 
 Vne. Ceieris siipitta 
 
 Ahl Coi6ri s%itu% 
 
 I'lur 
 Celcr?-; aa(j.ttae 
 Ctienim sat'ittarum 
 Ct'ndribus Bat,'ltlls 
 Ceieres sat/ittat. 
 C'jieroa ra;;itta.: 
 CJieribua sagittis 
 
mmsmmmmm 
 
 mmm 
 
 20 
 
 FUUUTII DECLENSION. 
 
 
 2. Trist6 Proolluni,— a sad battle. 
 
 
 Siiitr. 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Trifitg proelium 
 
 Tristia proelia 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Tristis proelii 
 
 Tristium proeliuruui 
 
 Dat 
 
 Tristi proelio 
 
 Tristibus prooliis 
 
 Aco, 
 
 TristS proelium 
 
 Tristia proelia 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Trist6 proelium 
 
 Tristia proelia 
 
 Abl 
 
 Tristi proelio 
 
 Tristibus proeliia 
 
 
 3. Felix Homo, 
 
 — a hujijiy man. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Felix h6mo 
 
 Felices homines 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Feliois hominis 
 
 Felicium hominum 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Felici homini 
 
 Feliclbus hominibiis 
 
 Aco. 
 
 Felicem hominom 
 
 Felices homines 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Felix homo 
 
 Felices homines 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Felici or e hominfi 
 
 Felicibiis hominlbus 
 
 Exercise XIIl. 
 
 A. — 1. Ira furor brevis (?st. 2. Ira militum cmt acriH. 3. Vin 
 est facilis. 4. Omue iiiitinni est dillicile. 5. Lci^os hoiniuibus 
 utiles siuit. (). Vulims riiilitis est love. 7. Carmen est dulce. 
 b. Naves hostiuiu sunt celcres. i>. Tempus huinauac vitac breve 
 est. 10. Kex cives fidelos habct. 
 
 1. The soldiers have sharp arms. 2. The arrow is swift. 3. Labour 
 is easy in the winter. 4. Labour is diOienlt in the summer. 5. Arms 
 arc useful to soldiers. 0. The soldiers have short swords. 7. I'lie 
 bej^iinning of the st)ng is ditVicult. 8. The songs are easy. 9. Tlic 
 wounds of the soldier are lisht. 10. The arrows are sharp and swift. 
 
 B. — 1. Consilium diicis audax est. 2. Consilia ducis Roman! 
 audacia sunt. 3. Tempus praesens felix est. 4. Kegnum Per- 
 sarum erat poteus. 5. Animalia i'a])acia sunt vclocia. G. Vetus 
 vinum est bonum. 7. K((X ingcntem numeriim militum habct. 
 
 8. Leges Romanorum erant praestantes. 9. Traemia equituni in- 
 gentia erant. 10. Agricolae vinum vetus habent. 
 
 1. The plans of the leader were i>rudent, 2. Elephants are 
 pruilent animals. 3. The b(M>ty of the Romans was immens( 
 4. The beginning was fortunate. 5. The Romans have excellem 
 laws. 0. Tlie king gives immense rewards to the soldiers. 7. Lion 
 are rapacious animals. 8. The father gives old wine to the boy. 
 
 9. The ]iresent times nre fortunate. 10. I'he Romans are powerful. 
 
 IX. — The Fourth ok U Declension. 
 
 The Kfiininntivo Rinpjular of ^iMKcnViBo and Fominiiio 
 Nouns of tlie Foui'th JJoclunyioii ends in us, and of Neuter 
 Nonnn in u. 
 

 3. Vir> 
 oiniiiibus 
 st dulcc. 
 tac breve 
 
 7. Tlu' 
 
 OASES ARRANGED AS IN ORDINARY GRAMMARS. 21 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Nam, Or&d-fis (/».), a xtep 
 Gen. Grad-U8, of n xti 
 
 Dat. Orad-ul, 
 Arc. Grad-uin, 
 Vor. Qrad-u8, 
 Ml. Qrad-a, 
 
 1. 
 
 of a xfop 
 to or far n M<'ii 
 (I ntcji 
 Mcp 
 
 hi/, irith, or /»■(!»/ 
 a Ktrp. 
 
 Gr!ld-U8, 
 
 Grad-Cum, 
 
 Grad-Ibus, 
 
 Grad-U8, 
 
 Grad-U8, 
 
 Grild-Ibiis, 
 
 ruir. 
 
 dti'jin 
 
 (if utijiit 
 
 to or fur xtcpi* 
 
 k(i px 
 
 <) Mi'j>» 
 
 hi/, irifh, or from 
 
 2. 
 
 Norn. G6n-u (n.), 
 Oen. G6n-Qs, 
 
 Gen-H, 
 
 GSn-u, 
 
 GSn-u, 
 
 Ggn-O, 
 
 Dat 
 Aco. 
 
 Voc. 
 All 
 
 hllK'H 
 
 of kticco 
 to oi fur Icneea 
 ln»'('8 
 (> Jairf"\ 
 
 hij, in'th, or from 
 knee». 
 
 a hnee G§n-uS, 
 
 of a knee Gen-tJum, 
 
 to or for a hmr Geu-Ibus, 
 
 a loico Gcn-uS, 
 
 liiuc Gcn-ua, 
 
 hij, vnth, or from Gen-IbuB, 
 a knee. I 
 
 Note, — Some nouns of tho Foiirtli Declension niiik«> tho Dativn 
 and Ablative plural in -Qbils: uh, aeilbflH, urcabns, portQbQa, 
 vCrilbilH, with a few others. ALso, tiie Dative ^^ingular fli is 
 Bomotiracs a)ntracted into u : as, gradai, gradii. 
 
 Exercise XIV. 
 
 A. — 1. Quercns sunt altae. 2. Manns hominibns ntilcs sunt. 
 3. Visus et auditus sunt utiles boniinibns. 4. Acus est acuta. 
 5. Portus est tutus. G. dursns uiilitis erat color. 7. Arcus 
 Scytharum levea crant. 8. Arcus coelestis varies coloros liabot. 
 
 9. Fructus ficiis crat dulcis. 10. Caput est sodes omnium sens\uuu. 
 1. The oak is useful to man. 2. Tho city lias beautiful liarbours. 
 
 3. Tho Scythians liave arrows and bows. 4. The noodles are sharp. 
 5. Tho girl has a sharp needle. G. Tho harbours of tho city are 
 safe. 7. The number of tho harbours is ;j;roat. H. Hearing and 
 seeing are useful (pi.) to animals. 0, 'J'ho fruit of fig-trees is sweet. 
 
 10. The soldier kills tho lion with (his) hand. 
 
 B. — 1. Cornua tauri acuta sunt. 2. Magister cornu pucro dai. 
 3. Genua honiinibus utilia sunt. 4. Magistratus sunt logum 
 rainistri. 5. Exercitus arma maguifica habct. G. Duces exercitils 
 audacos erant, 7. Hex equitatum peditatmnque* liabot. 8. Vo- 
 luptas sensibus grata est. fl. Oculi sunt instrumenta visiis. 
 10. Aures sunt instrumenta auditus. 
 
 1. The knees of elo})hants are hard. 2. The horns of the stag 
 are hard. 3. Tlie king gives a lx>autiful horn to the .soldier. 4. Tho 
 magistrates are the guardians of tlio laws. 5. The leader of the 
 cavalry is bold. G. Greece has many harlx)urs. 7. Every (omne) 
 animal has senses. 8. Eyes and oars are the instnunents of tho 
 senses. 9. Sharp needles are u.seful to women. 10. The leaders 
 of the infantry are pow-erful. 
 
 • Qni^, and (jilncrd nftpr the word which It miit(-s to tho pni ^(linp^. 
 
22 
 
 PTPTII DEOLENaiON. IRUEOTTLAR NOUNS, 
 
 W 
 
 X.—TiiE Fifth oil E Declension, 
 
 Tho Noniinativo Sinj^ulur of Nouns oF tho Fifth Doclcn- 
 sion onds in es. 
 
 SillR, 
 
 Noin 
 Orn. 
 Dot. 
 Ace. 
 Viw. 
 MI. 
 
 Di-es, u (hiy 
 Di-el, ft/ (t dnij 
 Li-ci, to nrfnr a day 
 Di-em, a »/(/// 
 Di-e.^, (1(11/ 
 hi 
 
 Plur. 
 Di-es, dntjH 
 DI-Erum, of days 
 Di-obu8, to or for dayit 
 Di-es, days 
 Di-er, O dayx 
 Di-e, liy^irifh^orfromnday. Di-fbus, hy, itnlh, or from days. 
 
 Noi'K. — 111 NoiuiH like ivri, where es Im j)re('(\cle(l by a CoiiHOiiaiit, tlie 
 
 o l)e('oiiie8 wlinrt in (leii. find Diit. Siii^'iilar : aw, rCi, spCI. 
 Gendek. — All NouiiH of the Fifth Declt'iiniou uro Feiiiinino (^xcopt 
 
 dies, whicli is either MaHciiiiiui or Feminine in tho Singuhir. 
 
 and ahvavH Mascnline in tho rinral ; and mgridies, inidday, 
 
 which is always IMiisculino. 
 
 Rule 8. — When tho Ablativii Case indicates tho plaoo 
 where, it is used with tho Prejiosition in, in: as, hostes in 
 phinitie erant, the enemies were in theinhtin. See Kulo 7, p. 18. 
 
 EXEUCISK XV. 
 
 1. Dies sunt screni. 2. Nuinerus dierum serenorum parvus est. 
 3. Dcus ost doniiiius oiiinium rcrnm. 4. Dux iiia^niun victoriac 
 spcm habet. 5. Fides scrvoruui rara erat. f!. Exorcitus in magna 
 planitie erat. 7. In acie multi pedites eraiif. 8. lA^rtuna est do- 
 iiiina rcrum liunianaruiii. 9. Fades filii pulchra erat. 10. Magna 
 est pueri scgnitiws. 
 
 1, The number of dnJ^s is infinite, 2. God is the creator of all 
 things. 3. Many things are hurtful to man. 4. The mother gives 
 many things to the girl. 5. In the line-c)l-hattle were many horse- 
 soldiers, (j. The cavalry was in the plain. 7. The reward was 
 the beginning of hope. 8. The leaders have great hope of victory. 
 9. The fidelity of sons was rare. 10. The slothfulness of the girl 
 is troublesome to the mother. 
 
 XL— Some Irregulah Nouns. 
 Tho foHowing words aro thus declined : — 
 
 -->.. 
 
 SillR. 
 
 Nnm. Deiis 
 
 Di^fts, wi., God. (2 Dec!.) 
 
 Gvn. 
 Dat. 
 Ace. 
 Voc. 
 Abl. 
 
 Dei 
 
 Deo 
 
 Dgum 
 
 Deiis 
 
 Deo 
 
 NB. 
 
 Duiuus,/., d house. (2 and 4 Decl. 
 
 I'hir. Sii'K- 
 
 Dei, Dii, or Di Domiis 
 
 Deoiuni, or Dciim Domiia 
 
 Deis, Diis, oi Dia Domui 
 
 DSos Domum 
 
 Dei, Dii. or Di Domus 
 
 Deis, Diis, or Dis Domo 
 
 Tlie form di^nii is ui^ed dulv in the sense of nl home 
 
 I'lur. 
 DSmus 
 
 Domiium, or dSmorum 
 Domibils 
 
 D6m6s (rnrehj domiis) 
 Domus 
 Domibils 
 
CASES AKUANOKI) AM IN ORDIN\UY (JltAMMAUS. 23 
 
 I. Magna 
 
 Kill 
 
 Bub, 0., an ux or cow. '3 Dccl.) 
 
 Nnin. Bos 
 
 (icn. 
 Dai. 
 Ace. 
 Voo. 
 Ml. 
 
 Bovls 
 
 Bovi 
 
 BovoJi 
 
 Bos 
 
 BovE 
 
 I'Uir. 
 B6vo8 
 
 Bovum, or boum 
 Bobus, or bubus 
 Boves 
 Boves 
 BobiiB, or biibus 
 
 \la, /., fftrenglh. (3 Dccl.) 
 sing. I'lur. 
 
 Nam. Via Vires 
 
 Oen. vautins Virium 
 Dat. wanting Viribiis 
 Ace. Vim Vires 
 Voo. wanting Vires 
 Ahl. VI Virxbus 
 
 Jurtjuninilnin.n., unottfh (properly 
 two woiily, .lus, :{ Did. and ju- 
 randu n, 2 Duel.). 
 
 Siii^. 
 Norn. Jasjiirandum 
 Oen. Jiirisjurandi 
 Jurijurando 
 Jusjurandum 
 Jusjurandum 
 Jurejiirando 
 
 Did. 
 Ace. 
 Voc. 
 Ahl. 
 
 ft 
 
 c 
 
 Mni'X, m., nil i<hl mnu. ( H Di d.) 
 SiiiK. I'liir. 
 
 B6nox 86nes 
 
 86nla Senum 
 
 SenI Sfiuibils 
 
 Senona Sfiuos 
 
 Senex SSnes 
 
 86nd Sgnibils 
 
 JupItCr (-.T'lv-pitt^r, i.e. pati"^r , 
 (3 Docl.) ilie ijoil. 
 
 SlTlR. 
 
 JiipItSr 
 JSvii 
 J5vl 
 Jovem 
 Jupitfir 
 JovS 
 
 Re8i)nl)llca, /., a eoDimoyiwealth. a 
 ri'imliUr. (properly two wordn. 
 lies, 5 Decl., luitl imbliea, I 
 Dccl.). 
 
 SiiiK. 
 
 Respublica _: 
 
 Reipublicae 
 
 Reipublicao 
 
 Rempublicam 
 
 EespublicS, 
 
 Repubiica 
 
 o 
 
 
 Noui. 
 
 Gtii. 
 
 Diit. 
 
 Arr. 
 
 Voc. 
 
 Ahl. 
 
 KXKIICISK XVI. 
 
 A.— 1. l)i sunt immortivle.s. 2. Jui)iter ct Ne]>tunus s:mt dii 
 llunniiH.nnn. 3. (,)u reus Juvi sacnve erant. 4. Doinus urliis sunt 
 pulchraii. 5, Divitiac magnao in dunio patris sunt. G. l>iviliae 
 ingeiites in doiiiibus inoolarum sunt. 7. dunes aninuuin ciistod.is 
 suTit. 8. Iloinfnes in doniilms sunt, bestiae in .^ilvis. i». Dis 
 siicrum est nionumontum. 10. Vis lluininis ingens est. 
 
 1. Men arc mortal, the gods .inintortal. 2. 'I'lio oak is sacred 
 to Jupiter. 3. I'hunderbolts arc the arms of Juintcr. 4. Many 
 trees are sacred to the gods. 5. The number of the gods is im- 
 mense. 6. The number of the liouses is immense. ^ 7. (There) were 
 immense riches in tlie houses of the citizens. 8. The monuments 
 are sacred to the gods. 9. Jupiter lias many temples in Italy. 
 10. Oxen have grca strength (;>/.). - 
 
 B.— 1. Sen-x est debilis et aeger. 2. Fimera seninn et juvemmi 
 sunt niulta. 3. Nomcn Ciceronis senibus notum est. 4. I'.oves 
 magnas vires habent. 5. Magna est vis conscienliae. 0. Civis 
 jusjurandum judici dat.* 7. Jn repubiica Ilomana sunt multi 
 servi. 8. Respublica Komanorum potens crat. 9. Cornua bovis 
 dura sunt. 10. Boves tt equi in agro sunt. 
 
 1. The strength (pi.) of oxen is immense. 2. The king gives 
 
 many oxen to the soldievs. 3. The old-men are teeblo and sick. 
 
 1. Th<' old-man gives gold and silver to the young-man. 5. The 
 
 * .Iii-iiii:>iii\\im (l.it. in Kngli:-h, ti^kva tin- itolh. 
 
24 
 
 COMI'AUIHON OF ADJECTIVES. 
 
 houHd of tho ol(l-in:vn is full of lidics. 0. (Jdl.l and silver arc in 
 till- iiuusi's of the titizous. 7. in the l{om:iii L-oimnonwcaltli wcm 
 many Im-jivu citizens. H. 'I'ln; friends of tin- coninionwealtli were 
 few. 1), 'I'lie Hjrass is pleasing; to tlie oxen. 10. Tlio lields arc 
 sftcred tu Jni)iter. 
 
 XII. — Some Tuhe(ujlar Adjectives. 
 Tho following; words liavo in tho Gonitivo Sing, itls 
 (rarely ius) and in tho Dativo i :— 
 unilH, fl, uni, one, alone. 
 
 solas, h, um, aloiif. 
 
 totils, a, uin, irhnlc. 
 
 iiilfls, ft, niii, anif. 
 
 iiidlas, il, uin, nn', uoup,. 
 
 iltc^r, utril, iitrinn, ivliiHi nf two. 
 noutCr, neutra, nontnnn, iici'tlicr. 
 
 For oxamido - 
 
 SiiiK. 
 _M. !•'. N. 
 
 iin-8, un-um 
 
 altC^r, altCril, alteniiii, one of two ; 
 
 alter .... alter, ihc out' .... 
 
 fill' nllnr. 
 rdrns, mm, illind, n7ir of nmj 
 
 nnitih, r ; nllfis . . . ." {lllils, 
 
 "lie .... (tnolho-; in |)1. mmi', 
 
 oflu-rx. 
 
 Xnm. Un-iis 
 (icn. Un-iiis 
 I)(it. Un-i 
 Arc. Un-um 
 Ahl. Un-6 
 
 un-am 
 un-a 
 
 un-um 
 un-6 
 
 M. 
 
 Un-I 
 
 Un-orum 
 
 Un-is 
 
 Uu-os 
 
 Un-is 
 
 Plur. 
 F. 
 un-ae 
 un-arum 
 
 un-as 
 
 N. 
 fln-& 
 un-6rum 
 
 Qn-a 
 
 0/w. As to th(! nse>of the Plural of //««,■*, see p. 27. 
 
 Tho (ieuitive 8iii,L,'iilar of alter is dllrnn^, and of rdlfls is uIiha. 
 
 I':xi.:U(:|Si.; X\ II. 
 
 1. Virtus sola dat verani voluptatem. 2. Cives (Mccroni uni dant 
 hdnoreni. [\. Utri dat ('/oes he (live) landomV Ncutri. 4. Alii 
 sunt doeti, alii indoeli. o. Alius {(jev.) vires, alius (,ve».) divitiac 
 sunt ma.i^uae. (i. Alter est (rraeeus, alter Hoinanu;^. 7. Tota vita 
 liominis niemorabilis erat. S. Alteri {(hit.) laudeni, alteri (dat.) 
 culpani dant. 0. N(!Utri dat totam landeni. 10. Neutra civitivs 
 habct laudeni ulhun. 
 
 1. He <!;ives tho whole booty to the soldiers. 2. Cicero alone was 
 pleasing to the citizens. 3. lie was troublesome to neither. 4. To 
 which-of-the-two does he give the praise? 5. Neither of the men 
 has any abode. (5. Virtue alone gives true honours. 7. Life is 
 troublosonie to no good man. 8. Uome alone was head of (all) 
 cities. 9. lie was unfriendly to neither. 10. The one was pleasing 
 to the citizens, tho other was tronble.somc. 
 
 XIII. — Comparison of Adjectives. 
 
 AdjootivcH liave throo D(\otocs of Comparison : Positive, 
 f?()in|>ar;itiv!i, jind >Snporhit ivo : as, 
 
 I'KHitivp. i,onipanitl\c. Snporlativp. 
 
 AMs, /*/-//». Altlor, hi,,her. Altiasimus.i '"'■/'"'*'' '"?■"■' ("'P^'' 
 
 t or very IikjIu 
 
CARRS ARRANnEr> AS IN ORniNAHY ORAMMARS. 25 
 
 Tho Coin]>iiriitiv« is formed l)y uildiii^' ?/'*>• atid tlio Super- 
 liitivo hy uildinsj; istihinlx to the I'usitivc, attti' tiiUing awav 
 
 ilH, 
 
 Sup. 
 
 tliu tDi'iaiiKitioii of tho (uiiitivu Sin^iiliir 
 
 I'o8it. ('(imp. 
 
 Noin, < It'll. 
 
 Altfis, Alt-I, Iti'iih, 
 
 Levis, L6v-l3, liijht, 
 
 Felix, Felic-is, fi>iluual<\ 
 
 Priidens, Prudent-Is, priulint, 
 
 Tho Coin])iiriitiv(^ is (h'cliiHMl on ]>. I'J (iiirl-ior). 
 
 Tho 8ui)orhitivo is (hclimd like- liuims, l)ona, bonnm. 
 
 E.xcii'i'ioNs. -I. A(lj((;tivc8 oiuIinj5 in er loriii tlio kSu|»') 
 
 hitivo ill rimus : as, 
 
 Alt-i6r, Alt-issImtlB. 
 
 L6v-I6r, Lev-issImGfl. 
 
 Fellc-I6r, Felic-iai.imfts. 
 
 Frudcnt-I6r, Friidoat*iBSlm\lD 
 
 l't);>it. 
 Ndin. <!i'ii. 
 
 piili'li(5r, piilclir-I, 
 
 (Vmip. 
 
 Slip. 
 
 JiiitiiUfii}', jmlclir-Tor, 
 J'tii\ hliiT-inr, 
 
 Klidi-py ucr-lor, 
 
 xifij't, ci'lT'i-idr, 
 
 Also vf!tiis {Hc.ii. vC'tCr-isu uhl, lias a Siipi rliitivi-, vt^tcr-rliiiilH. 
 
 II. Tho f()lh)\vin}.r; six Adjc'ctivca ending in ilia form 
 their tSuporhitivo in limus : us, 
 
 iihCr, 
 
 lilior-', 
 
 fii't?r, 
 
 uci-Ih, 
 
 oi!li5r, 
 
 ("(•l(';r-I.-<, 
 
 piilchcr-ilnind 
 iilii r-rliiHlH. 
 ru'ci-rlimlH. 
 ('t^lcr-rlnirt.-^. 
 
 I'.isit. 
 
 
 ffu'Ills, 
 
 caitij, 
 
 (lilVlclllH, 
 
 (h'lflmU, 
 
 .MlllllllS, 
 
 lihr. 
 
 (lissliiillls, 
 
 unlike, 
 
 grricllls, 
 
 t It ill, 
 
 liaiuUis, 
 
 III IV, 
 
 Sup. 
 ftloil-llmrtfl, 
 dilVu'il-lInulfi. 
 sliiiil-llmfls. 
 (lissiiiiil-limfis. 
 {j;i;lt'il-llmfls. 
 luiiail-lIninH. 
 
 Ciiinp. 
 
 thcil-Ior, 
 
 dili'icll-Ior, 
 
 ulinil-lor, 
 
 dis.-,iiiul-i('r, 
 
 gificil-Iur, 
 
 huinll-Ior, 
 
 ' III. Adjectives cndiup; in dicus, ficus, and volus, t"'rni 
 their Conipurativo in ciitior, and their Superhitivi* in 
 entissimus : as, 
 
 I'osit. Comp. Sup. 
 
 nialC'dlcQs, slnmlfroiii*, luriT'dlceutlnr, niillMlcentisstmtts. 
 
 bCiii5fIcaa, III III jjn III, iK'iu't'IcciitTnr, lirm'fli'fiitisHlinfls. 
 
 bCnCvuliis, In m nilint, hOiiC'vuli iitinr, li('".ii''vnh'iiti>8lnaQH. 
 
 IV. Adjectives whii^h have a vowed l)(d'on.' tlio tormina 
 tion MS, usually form the Conqiarativo hy prefixing the 
 Adverb niagis, more, and tho Snperlativo b,\ prefixing tho 
 Adverb niaxhne, most: as, noxiiis, liurifal, magis no-xiiis 
 more hurtful, niaxime noxius, most Inirtfnl. 
 
 IllIlKKUI.AH ( '0A!l'Ai;iS0N. 
 
 • 'I'lii)). Slip. 
 
 nielinr, optTimTs. 
 
 prjor, iicsslmrtfl. 
 
 major, maxim fls. 
 
 lailior, mliillnils. 
 
 plus I .s/ (• //(7(i;r), • pliiiimris. 
 nt'iuinr, lu'niiissIinilH. 
 
 Poelt, 
 brtnuB, 
 mJlluH, 
 
 gnnd, 
 bad, 
 
 iini^nuB, 
 
 git (it. 
 
 parvus, 
 
 «;/«(//, 
 
 multus. 
 
 iiiiirli. 
 
 iir><jiiiim (t/'V 
 
 irnitlilrxx 
 
 t(i ilitKid . 
 
 
20 
 
 roMrARisoN or adjectives. 
 
 If' ? 
 
 t i! 
 
 Posit. Com;.. 
 
 dives, rio}i, ditlor, 
 
 hCiiox, "/'/, Hriilor Inutfi iiiriji'.r], 
 
 jQvCiiiH. y<»ii".h junior [iiutii minor], 
 
 HapCruH, niijin; Haiu'rlni', 
 
 inftrurt, loinr, iiiR'Tior, 
 
 oxtCrus, nutdile, oxtOrior, 
 
 intfSrns, hixidf., intf^rlor, 
 
 poBtorutj, Inliiuil, posti^rlor, 
 
 — — jfflor {/(inner), 
 
 — j)rt"^jilor (iKio'ir), 
 
 _> — nltOrlor (fuiiher), 
 
 Sup. 
 (litisHlniflH. 
 [nfitu maxfinrtaj. 
 [luitfi niTninifiH], 
 su])ronu'is, hiiMinifi.-^. 
 int'inins, hiiils. 
 cxticnuls, t'xtlnu'i.s. 
 inllnifts. 
 
 I)ostrr'nul8,po8tilniri • 
 jirunriH(/(/-.vO. [inxt I 
 jiri)XiniQs {nciirml. 
 iiltiniurf {fnrthrsf, 
 Inst). 
 
 Nn)n. 
 
 Gni. 
 
 Dai. 
 
 Are. 
 
 Ml. 
 
 Sinf^iihir. 
 
 Ncut. (inly. 
 Plus 
 Pluris 
 Pluri 
 Plus 
 Plur6 
 
 riunil. 
 
 M.isi . ,111(1 l'"cia. N(>ut. 
 
 Plures Plura 
 
 Plurium Plurium 
 
 Pluiibus Pluribus 
 
 Plures Plura 
 
 Pluribus Pluribus 
 
 nuij-: 9. — Tho Enojlish word than aftor Ihe Comparative 
 is translated hy tho Latin quam (indrclinal>]o). \/ 
 
 EXKUCISK XVllI. 
 
 A.— 1- Aostate dius lon<j;iort's sunt quam noctcs, 2. Tempore 
 hibcrno dies sunt breviores. 3. Lepores timidiore.s .sunt (luain 
 canes. 4. Nottes brevissinuu! sunt ae.state. 5. I'oma clarissima 
 nrbs Italiao erat. (5. Forrum utilissimnm est metallorum. 7. Ra- 
 dices arbonim ]on<:issiinae sunt. 8. Niliil est amubilius qu.ini 
 virtus. 9. Lux est viikicior quam sonitus. 10. Kihil in amieitia 
 perniciosiuH est (^uam adulalio. 
 
 1. Men are stn)n.a;(.'r than women. 2. Ti'on is more useful than 
 gold. 3. Tlie hare is a V(jry timi<l animal. 4. Notliing is more 
 e.xcellent tlian virtue. 5. 'l"he roots of oak-trees are very strong and 
 very lonj:;. 0. Tlie Rhino is a very rapid river. 7. The eyes of tlie 
 eagle are very keen. H. The days are calmer in siunmer than ii: 
 winter. 9. In winter time the light is feebler tlian in summer. 
 10. Nothing is more destructive to friendship than ilattery. 
 
 B_ — 1, In bello miserrimi sunt agricolae. 2. Filiae matri sunt 
 simiilimae. 3. Itinera antiquis tenqMjrilms dillicillima erant. 4. 
 Pulcherrima est imago regis. 5, Faeillimi erant labores militum. 
 (). I'ulcherrima animalia non semper Kuut utilissima. 7. Veterrinia 
 viua non semper sunt dulcissima. 8. Vultures acerrimos habent 
 oculos. 9. Puleherrimi sunt colores llurum. 10. In Helvetia sunt 
 aspcrrinn raontes. 
 
 1. Tho scent of th-wers is very sweet. 2. The work is very 
 diflicult. 3. The journey was very long and very rough. 4. The 
 eyes of the vulture are very Iceeu. 5. Helvetia is a very rugged 
 laud. (). The swiftest animals are not always tho strongest. 
 7. The legs of the stag are very sliMider, 8. The son wa.s very 
 like (his)" father (<l(tt.). 9. War is the cause of many crimesv 
 50. Tn siuumcr the sun is more powerful than m uiuter- 
 
CASE8 AURANOED AS IN ORDINAllY (iUAMMARS. 27 
 
 C — 1. Niliil o«t lUL'lius quaiu isajncutia. 'J. S.l major "st qimm 
 terra. 3. Luna minor ost quam terra, 1. I'lurima et maxima 
 animalia sunt in niaii. 5. OjitiniaiMTant Ic^i's Hdmanao. 0. Tessi- 
 mao sunt consuetndinos diseipuKirum. 7. Milior est ccrta i^ax 
 (inam siicrata Victoria. 8. iSiinnlatio amor's est icj^irtiuam odium. 
 \). Catooptimuserat suae aetatisoiatur. 10. Aipiilae vis maxima est. 
 
 1. Hatred is better tlian tiattery. L'. Very many men <j;ive tlio 
 greatest praise to Cato. 3. The \>r>\ orator is n^it always the best 
 citizen. 4. Tho most wicked men slay the most excellent (men). 
 5. No state was ever more renowned than Home. G. The best men 
 are not always the most powerful. 7. They ^nve the honour to 
 the most excellent citizens. S. Very many islands are lar^'er than 
 Sicily. 9. Sicily is a smaller island than I'.ritain. 10. The Greeks 
 were more learned than the Romans. 
 
 XIV.— The Numerals. 
 
 Cardlunl Ninucrah deuoto imniher siin]tly or alisohitoly : 
 as, unus, one; duo, tiro; tn"s, thrre. Tlioy uro givon on 
 tlio next page. 
 
 Tho docleiision of unfis is givon on p. 24. 
 
 Obs. Uiiuit is used iu the Plural with Plural Noun.^ whieli have a 
 singular meaning: as, unJl eastra, one. caiiifi ; unae aedea, o/w 
 homi.' ; unae littCrae, one htti-r. 
 
 Duo, two, tros, thrac, and niillia, thtm^diuh, arc declined as 
 follows : — 
 
 M. F. N. 
 
 .Vom. Dii-o dii-ae dii-6 
 
 (rni. Du-orum dii-arum du-orum 
 
 Dat Dii-5biis dii-abiis dii-obiis 
 
 .Ice. Dii-6s or) ,- -„ ,- - 
 js, y >du-a3 du-o 
 
 [hi. Du-obiis dii-abus dii-obus 
 
 Ohs. Auibo, hoOi, is declined like duo. 
 
 Mills, a thousand, in tho singular, is an indeclinahlo 
 adjective; bnt niillia, thom^auiin, in iho plural, is a Sub- 
 stantive : as, mille lulnunes, a thanmnd men; but duo 
 niillia honiinuni, two thousand men, literally, two thousands 
 of men. 
 
 Tho Cardinal Numerals from quattuor, fonr, to centum, a 
 hundred, are indeclinable. They are giv(!n on tlio next page. 
 
 DucentI, ao. a, tivo hundred, and tho f(dlowing hundreds, 
 are declined regularly. 
 
 Ordinal Numerals denote numK'rs regarded as forming 
 part.", of a series : as, primus, first ; seeniidns. or alter, 
 second. Tiu^y are doclintMl regularly as adjectives. 
 
 M. iiiKl F. 
 
 Trea 
 Trium 
 
 Trlbiis 
 
 Tres or tris 
 Tribiis 
 
 trtSl 
 
 triuin 
 
 tiibu3 
 
 tria 
 
 tribus 
 
 N. 
 
 ! Millla 
 MiUj.um 
 Millibils 
 
 Millla 
 
 Millibiis 
 
imm 
 
 28 
 
 NFMEh'ALS. 
 
 AllAllIC 
 
 HoMAN 
 
 
 
 SvMiioi.s. 
 
 Symucii.s. 
 
 (jAltl)INAI.S. 
 
 Ordinals. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 unns 
 
 primus. 
 
 2 
 
 II 
 
 (lar. 
 
 8t\'uudu9 nr alti^r. 
 
 3 
 
 m 
 
 tres 
 
 tcrtlus. 
 
 4 
 
 IV 
 
 qnattnr.r ((iTifituur) 
 
 <]uartu8. 
 
 5 
 
 V 
 
 qiiiiKlui:; 
 
 iiuintus. 
 
 6 
 
 VI 
 
 sex 
 
 scxtus. 
 
 7 
 
 VII 
 
 8oj)tem 
 
 8fl)tIUlUfl. 
 
 8 
 
 VIII 
 
 octo 
 
 ock'ivus. 
 
 9 
 
 IX 
 
 no vein 
 
 iioinus. 
 
 10 
 
 X 
 
 (ICcciii 
 
 di'cluuis. 
 
 11 
 
 XI 
 
 uiiilri'im 
 
 uikK'cIuius. 
 
 12 
 
 XII 
 
 duridt'cim 
 
 duodi'^cIniUH. 
 
 13 
 
 xirr 
 
 trtdt'cim 
 
 tt'i'tlUH drcTiuuH. 
 
 14 
 
 XLV 
 
 (iniittunnlCciin 
 
 (juartus (Irclinus. 
 
 15 
 
 XV 
 
 (|uiiiil('('im 
 
 quiutus dC'cIiuus. 
 
 IG 
 
 XVI 
 
 srclrciiii 
 
 S(.'xtU8 di5t'imus. 
 
 17 
 
 XVII 
 
 Sl'ptcllllli^cilll 
 
 scptlinua d(5cliiuis. 
 
 18 
 
 XVIII 
 
 (liu'Mh'vifjiiiiti 
 
 duodC'vicesImuH. 
 
 19 
 
 XIX 
 
 iindcvigiiiti 
 
 uuddvici'islmus. 
 
 20 
 
 XX 
 
 vTj,'iiiti 
 
 vicf'slmus. 
 
 21 
 
 XXI 
 
 uiniH ft viginti nr 
 
 pnuiiiri I't viot'.wTmus, or 
 
 
 
 vigiiiti funis 
 
 vicr'sTuuis pruiiuH. 
 
 22 
 
 XXII 
 
 duo c't vigititi or 
 
 alter ct vic'esTuius, m 
 
 
 
 viginti diio 
 
 vicesinnis alter. 
 
 23 
 
 XXIII 
 
 trow ft viirinti or 
 
 tevttus et vi(v.-<fmus, or 
 
 
 
 viginti tivs 
 
 VH'eHiinuH tertius. 
 
 28 
 
 XXVIII 
 
 dnodc'trigiuta 
 
 diiodetrigCsImus. 
 
 29 
 
 XXIX 
 
 luidC'trlginta 
 
 uudetrigoslmus. 
 
 30 
 
 XXX 
 
 tngintfi 
 
 triLre.sTiiius. 
 
 40 
 
 XL 
 
 (liiadragintfi 
 
 quadrageslmu.^. 
 
 no 
 
 L 
 
 iiuiiiqiniginta 
 
 ((uluquageslmus. 
 
 m 
 
 LX 
 
 Hexugiiita 
 
 Hexagf'.stmuH. 
 
 70 
 
 LXX 
 
 wptafigiuta 
 
 .sej)tftagC'hIiHU8. 
 
 80 
 
 l.XXX 
 
 octogiiita 
 
 nctogesImUH. 
 
 1)0 
 
 xo 
 
 iioiiaginta 
 
 uoiiagertlmud. 
 
 100 
 
 c i 
 
 centum 
 
 C(.'iite8lmU8. 
 
 200 
 
 C(^ 
 
 dilofuti, 110, ft 
 
 duoeiitC'sImus. 
 
 300 
 
 CCC i 
 
 trCccntl, at", ft 
 
 trr'ceiitesTinus. 
 
 400 
 
 (CCU i 
 
 quudn'ngeiiti, i;c, ft 
 
 <luadringeiitr'sTmus. 
 
 500 
 
 D or I.i 
 
 quingt'iiti, at', rt 
 
 (juiugentoHlmuH. 
 
 COO 
 
 DC 
 
 8oxo(>ntl, ae, ft 
 
 HexcentesImuH. 
 
 700 
 
 D('(; 
 
 8(>i)tiiig('!iti, ac, ft 
 
 sej)tingento8liiiua. 
 
 800 
 
 DCC3(.J ' 
 
 octingi'uti, ac. ;1 
 
 octingenteMlmus. 
 
 000 
 
 DCCC'C i 
 
 nougcuti, ac. a 
 
 notigeiitesTmus. 
 
 1,000 ! 
 
 Mo/CI;-) 
 
 nallC 
 
 millC'sIniUH. 
 
 2.000 
 
 MM I 
 
 duo niillin 
 
 liin uulleHluuis, 
 
 100,000 
 
 ^■<'<'ir>oo 
 
 ci iituni iiiilUft 
 
 cciitir',^ iiiill('siiiiuf». 
 
CASEH AIIHANGED AS IN OUDINAUY UllAMMAUS. VA) 
 
 ) 
 
 Exi;iuisE XIX. 
 
 1. ILnno halx't ununi On, dnas aurcs, duus noiilos. 2. Mi\<j;ist('r 
 puero tri's libro8 dat. 3. Sunt ((!/(( /'(Mfrr) .scmIcimih mala, vii^inti I'runa, 
 MiKk'vi^iuti pira, (hui(U'vii;iiiti cciasa. 4. In raj 'it c liDininis srxaj^infa 
 tria sunt ossa. ;">. In oxcivitu Alcxantiri Mauii; ihuxU'cini niillia 
 Maccilonum crant. G, Xerxes habct classoui inillo duccntanun 
 naviuni. 7. In leuionc Roniana cratit colidrtcs dcccni, niani}>uli tii- 
 ginta, ccnturiac s('.\a,!j;iuta. H. Sciitcm crant reives Koniani; iiriniu.s 
 erat Koninlus, sccundus Nunia rnnii)ilius, terlius Tullus lloslilius, 
 quartus Ancus Martins, ([uinlus Tarciuinius Prisrus, sextus Servius 
 Tullius, sci)timus 'J'ar(|uiiiius Sn]irrlins. !). Au<j;nstus (R'tavus est 
 anni mensis. 10. Manipulns oral lri;j;csinia ] ars li';j;i(inis Itonianao. 
 
 1. The wise (men) dt' (iiecec were seven. 2. The first kiny; df 
 Rome was warlike. .'}. 'I'lii'v slay the tenth part d the men. 
 4. In a ]\e)man le;j;i()n (there) were tt'ii eohnrls, thirty maniples, 
 .sixty centuries. 5. Tliey slay ten thousand men {'jcii.) in the war. 
 tj. 'I'ho second kin^; of lumie was just and mild. 7. 'I'he seventh 
 king of Kome was unjust and wieked. H. In the first iiKHith of tlie 
 year (there) are thirty-one days. !t. Rome lias two consuls. 10. A 
 Roman legion has five thousand fnot-suldiers (ijoi.), three hundred 
 horsc-soldi(!rs.* 
 
 • Till! iiuuiUt of suUlicrs in a Kgion varicel considi-rably at dlffurcut {H^riuds. 
 
 XV. — The Veui3 Sum, / am. 
 
 Sum, fui, futurus, essS,— A* he. Stem : §8-, fu-. 
 VERB FINITE. 
 
 INDIOATIVK MOOD. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 ^iiiij. 
 
 Sum, 
 
 £b, 
 
 Est, 
 
 £ram, 
 
 £ra8, 
 
 £rat, 
 
 Ero, 
 
 £ris, 
 
 £rit. 
 
 Sitig. FuI, 
 
 1. PUKSEN'I TkNSK. 
 
 / (I III I'lur. Sunus, He (tre 
 
 than (Iff r,stis, '/'' (ti-fi 
 
 hf IK. Sunt, tlii'y an'., 
 
 2. Ijn'i;i:ri;cr 'I'insk. 
 
 7 //•(/. >.• /'///(■ ]£ranniR, We n-cro 
 
 iliii'i inisi £;atiii, //'' ir'Tf 
 
 III- iritii. Erant, ilu ^ n-i re. 
 
 ;{. FuTi'i;i;-Si.Mii,i. Ti'NsK. 
 
 7 .hull he I'hn- jtrimus, ll'i^ kIkiII he 
 
 Hull irilt 111' JLudihi, ijc will he 
 
 hf irill '■('. Erunt, fhei/ irill he. 
 
 4. I'liJK. T Tknsk. 
 
 / liiire heeu, nr 
 
 / iriiK 
 Fuisti, ilidii hdxt heeu, <>r 
 
 lliiiii irai^t 
 Fuit, he lni.< heeu, or 
 
 //(■ irnH. 
 
 Vhir I'uin.UF, UV haee heen, t.' 
 lee ivere 
 Fuifitis, ;/'' hare heen, oj 
 
 //(' were 
 Fueruntl iheij have heen, or 
 Oc fueic/ iheij Wire. 
 
miiWI 
 
 30 
 
 SiiKj. Fueram,, / had been 
 
 Fugras, thou }i(uJ*t heen 
 Fuerat, ha had heen. 
 
 TlIK VEIlIi SUM. 
 5. Pi,i i-KKFECT Tense. 
 
 riur. Fugramus, JIV had heen 
 Fueratis, i/e had hem 
 FuSrant, ihey hud hee.n. 
 
 Sing. Fuero, I nhill have heen 
 Fueris, thou irilt liaveheen 
 Fuerit, he will have heen. 
 
 (>. FUTUKE-Pi;i!KK(JT TkNSE. 
 
 riur. Fuerimus, We shall have hren 
 Fueritis, //« vill have been 
 Fuerint, theij will have been 
 
 Sin,j: £b, 
 
 SiiHj. Esto, 
 Esto, 
 
 IMI'EUATIVK MOOD, 
 
 1. Pkesknt Texse. 
 Be thou. I I'hn: Este, 
 
 2. Fltihe Tensi:. 
 
 Thou Khalt or must I'lur. Estote, 
 
 1 li- 
 ke shall ur must be. Sunt 6, 
 
 SUIiJ UNCTIV K Mood, 
 
 1. Phesent Tense. 
 
 X 
 
 l)e ye. 
 
 Ye sh(dl or niitnl 
 
 be 
 fh( 1/ shall or mutit 
 
 be. 
 
 Sinr. Sim, I man be J'lur. Simus, We may be 
 
 Sis, Ihou mayst he Sitis, ye nuty be 
 
 Sit, he may be. Siut, they may be. 
 
 Ohs. Tlrj fir.t and third Persons singuliir and plural of the I'reseut 
 Subjunctive are often used as Imperatives: us, sint civos justi, 
 irL the eitizenn be just. 
 
 2. Imi'erfect Tense. 
 
 I'lur. Essemus or) ,,. . , , , 
 
 foremus. / »»^ »"y''^ ^' 
 
 Essetis or) . , , , 
 
 forotLs, / //« W"!/''' ^t* 
 
 Essent or\ ,, .... 
 
 forent. / ''"'^ ""f/^'""'- 
 
 Sinq. Essesi or) , ■ i .. i 
 " _ forem, / ^ »"■'/''"'« 
 ises or\ ,, . , , , , 
 
 fores I '" ^"-Hl'd^t hi 
 
 Esses or 
 
 fores. 
 Es&et or 
 
 H. Pi'i!Ei;cr Tensk. 
 
 Sinij. Fuerim, f unni hare heen 
 
 Fueris, thou iiifn/.<fl,arelii'j n 
 Fuerit, hi- may have been. 
 
 rinr. rueriirus, We may have been 
 Fuerit'i':-', yi- may have been 
 Fuerint. 'thiy may ha ve been. 
 
 4. Plui'Ekeei t Tknse. 
 
 8/;,;/. Fmssem, I should I I I'lur. Fnisserruis, We should], 
 
 Fmsses, thou wnuldst ' Fui3E;otIs, >ie would ""'• 
 
 Fmss^t, hewuuJd I'""- I Fui«;ont, 'they wouhir''"- 
 
 VKRli INTIVITE 
 
 iNFiNiTivr: Phksext, 
 
 and ImiI !!KKiT, 
 InEIMTIV;. I'illil'ECT. 
 
 and Plii"ei;ke(t. 
 
 I Ef,se, 
 
 FlllrtoG, 
 
 to he. 
 
 to have hem. 
 
 I 
 
 Ik' 
 
.1 
 
 CASES AVvl5AN(lED AS IN OUDINAUV (lUAMMAUS. 31 
 
 'I 
 
 X 
 
 Ikfinitivk Fin'i be, 
 
 PaUTICU'I-K FlTLUiK, 
 
 Futurus essS, or for6, 
 Futurus, -a, -um, 
 
 to br (ilH)'it to he, 
 (iJiotit to be. 
 
 Note. — A vowel before imotlier vowel is utiiiully whort, iukI will 
 
 tliiTcfore in luture not iil\viiy> l>e marked. 
 Olix. Futiivus in;iy l)u oonju;^';iti'il with nil the tenseH of Hiini : ns, 
 
 futurus 8UU1, / am about to he ; fiiturQd Cnini, / iras about to In, 
 
 &c. 
 
 EXEUCISK XX. 
 
 T)tG Verb Sum. — Indicative Mood. 
 
 A. — 1. Sum iaetiis. 2. Ks tristis. ;'., Nou (lili;j;eiis fiiisti, Tito. 
 \, Trohi lilii gaudiiun patris erunt. 5. Opera tua iimltis honiinihus 
 erunt ntilia. 0. Dux vest(!r ero : victores erinuis. 7. Si coiitenti 
 eritis, iiaupcros nou eritis. H. ^lulti efuul paupures, (jui (ivlio) 
 ilivitCK I'ueraut. !). Cives url)is lilienie sunnis, 10. Custodos 
 iiiiscrao inieUae fuistis. 
 
 1. We arc joyful. 2. Yo are sad. 3. 1 am a Roman citizc^n. 
 I. The. contented (;</.) are always joyful; tins rieh ( y/.) arc often 
 sad, 5. If yo aro ^^ood, yo arc rich. (3. If thou wilt bo dilisicnt, 
 thou wilt be learned. 7. The wicked man is not Ireo. !-!. '1 iiey 
 liad been unlearned, now thoy are learned. 9. Ye will bo rich and 
 free. 10. The Human state was rcnowncil. 
 
 Impcralirc Mood. 
 
 B.. — 1. Judex custos scverus juris esto. 2. Probi estc, pueri, et 
 fclices critis. 3. Discii)uli sunto attenti. 4. Judiccs justi sunto. 
 5. IJeipublicae salus civibus cara csto. 0. Amici iidelos sunto. 
 7. Kcges patrcs patriae sunto. 8. Attenti osic, discipuli. 9. Con- 
 tenti estotc sortc vostra. 10. rraereptorum memores esto. 
 
 1. Be diligent, scholars. 2. I'raist' shall be the reward (jf dili- 
 gence. 3. 15c faithful, friends ! 1. The juelgo nuist bo just. 5. They 
 arc contented; thoy shall bo rich. (i. There must be no ca\ise of 
 enmity; wc are failhl'ui friends. 7. I'c just, be u[»righ*^ ; thou 
 wilt be successful. H. lie brave, suldler.s ! 9. Let the citizens bo 
 (sint) free, lot them be happy ! 10. The city oliall bo the booty of 
 the soldieis. 
 
 XVI, 
 
 Absum, 
 Adsum, 
 
 OdBum, 
 Insuni, 
 Internum 
 Obsnm, 
 
 I am aim' lit. 
 I am jirisciit, xtanil hij, 
 Hidt. mth. 
 
 T out IVdUtilKJ. 
 
 I It III in. 
 I am iiirioiii]. 
 I um 'n tin- >mif, am 
 hurtful to, injure. 
 
 Compounds of Sum. 
 
 Praesuni, 
 
 Prohuin, 
 
 Subsum, 
 
 Suporsum, / n'lnain 
 lire. 
 
 I am h-'forc, am at th 
 
 } II- ail nf. 
 I am Hi^rrieeatile, ilv 
 
 IJIHI'J to. 
 
 I am II luh'r, or amomii't 
 or, r. ••iur- 
 
32 
 
 rilDNOHNS. 
 
 i \ 
 
 All tlirso comiKmiulis of Sum aro fullowod by tli(3 Dative 
 Caso. They arc conjugated like Sum, but rrOsuni takes 
 d before e ; as, 
 
 Indu'ativk. 
 I'rcKinf. liiijKrfi'ot. 
 
 Sing. Pro-sum I'lnr. Pro-sumus Prod-eram, 
 
 Prod-es Prod-estis «&o. 
 
 Prod-est. Pro-sunt. 
 
 Infimtive — VriKdil. — Prod-esse. 
 
 Fhfurc, 
 Prod-ero, 
 &c. 
 
 ' i 
 
 EXKUCKSK XXI. 
 
 1. Bouiw Imiiiinilnis \vn\ (Iccnuit niiiici. 2. Cicom reipnblicac jm)- 
 t'nit. 3. Lc-ioiiibus Itomanis duces in'acriuruiit lortes. 4. Alcxaiidor 
 Ma'4nus imiltis i)n)cliis iiitcrfuit. f). K<iniiuiii mnltitiido cxcrcitui 
 nostro ])rodent. 0, Milos iortis uiunibus aderit lu'riculis. 7. Variae 
 cupiditatcK aiiimo insiuit. 8. Frii2;ius imdtis i')lantis non prodest. 
 0. iMilitibus (Uvrat animus. 10. Anxiliuiu nicuni roipubliciic non 
 pmfuit. 
 
 1. To pood men friends arc not waiiliii!:;. 2. He was not servicj- 
 ablc to the commomvealtb. ;i. A .i:;i.nd citi/.cii .sidt's-uith Ins native 
 country in the time of danger. -1.' Inddlence is liurtl'ul to all men. 
 5. Alexander the Great ^survived many battles. 0. Tlie general was 
 amongst his soldiers in tlie battle. 7. Light is servicwible to all 
 animals. 8. The general is-at-the-head-of the army. 9. An'>or liAs 
 been hurtful to many. 10. The soul survives the 'body. 
 
 . 
 
 Nam 
 
 Gen 
 
 Dai. 
 
 Arc. 
 
 Abl 
 
 Mel. 
 M;lu, 
 Me, 
 Me, 
 
 A^ 
 
 om 
 
 Dnt. 
 A(xi. 
 Vi)c. 
 Ahh 
 
 TO, 
 
 Tiii, 
 
 Tibi, 
 
 Te, 
 
 Tu, 
 
 Te. 
 
 XVII. — The Pronouns. 
 
 1. Pkiisonal Pronouns. 
 1. PruHuaii of the First rcfison. 
 
 •"^"'K' I'lur. 
 
 ', j Nop, vw 
 
 "'' ""' No'^tri or nostrum, nf m 
 
 li"n-/nrme Nobis, I'mn- for m 
 
 ""■ ' Nos, „,, 
 
 hij, will,, or from ,itr. Nobis, h;/, ir/lli, or front n. 
 
 2. Proiioini. <i/ tiir So'oikJ Pr son. 
 
 I'lnr. 
 VOS, yo 
 
 Vo-tri or vostrum, of ijnu 
 00^8, fo i)v for ijoii 
 
 Von, o ye 
 
 Vobis, hy^uHil 
 
 Smi;. 
 fhoit 
 of thi'i' 
 to or /')/• ilo'e 
 tf,<>' 
 (> ihoii 
 •''//, iriili, or 
 
 , <>Y JrOiil ili.CC 
 
 h. 
 
 •fr 
 
 you. 
 
 \ 
 

 »JW?^yB9^( 
 
 ■5.T!^^Kr^^m''^5yra'\' T'WIiWyW!*!* 'Wi»*fl^^W,*(|f8JS,^ 
 
 ve 
 
 ur 
 ui 
 xe 
 
 ;t. 
 m 
 
 
 \ 
 
 CASES ARRANGED AS IN ORDINARY GRAMMARS. 83 
 
 3. Pronoun of the IViird Person. 
 
 For tUo Projioiui of llie Tliird Person, Iu\ she, it, is, eti, id 
 is usually einployed. (8oe p. 35.J 
 
 II. liKKLKCriVlO TkONOUN of the Tmill) TKllriON. 
 
 The lioflcctivo rronoun rofors to the Sul.jt'ctuf tlio een- 
 tenco, and oaunot tliurcfuru liavo a Noiuiuativo case. 
 
 Sing, and Plur. 
 Gen. Sul, of himself, herself, itself, or themselves. 
 
 Dat. Sibi, to or for himself herself, itself or themselves. 
 
 Ace. 8e or ses§, hiiUKvlf herself itself or themselves. 
 Ahl. Se ur sese, hy or from himseif herself, itself, or themselves. 
 
 Tliero aro no di.stinct reflective f(jrms in the Ist and 2nd 
 persons; the didfci-ont cases of ego and tii being used re- 
 flectively ; as, nici, of myself; tibi, to thyself, etc. 
 
 III. POSSKSSIVK J*l;0N0UX.S. 
 
 These ore formed from the First and Sceond Personal 
 and Iho 'Diird IJeliectivo i'runuuub, and are declined as 
 adjectives ; 
 
 N. 
 
 M. 
 
 Meus, 
 
 Tuus, 
 
 Noster, 
 
 Vester, 
 
 Suus, 
 
 P. 
 mSa, 
 
 tua, 
 nostra, 
 vestra, 
 fiiia, 
 
 meum, 
 
 tuum, 
 
 nostrum, 
 
 vestrum, 
 
 suum, 
 
 EXEBCISK XXII. 
 
 mij or mi7ie. 
 thy or thine, 
 our, ours, 
 your, yours. 
 
 his, hor, its, their, 
 
 .- *• 
 
 1. Ego sum laetns, tu es tristis. 2. l\itcr mihi libruni dat uti- 
 lem. 3. In mo et m (o ct m nobis cmnibu.s est auinni.s immortalis 
 
 4. Fatna mihi canur est quam vita. 5. Omnia tua consilia nobi.s 
 nota sunt. 6. Faroutes v(.l)is carl suuto. 7. Mcmori's .sunms tui 
 
 ?^ a! ■\''-'^ "'''".'"'■ "-'"^ ''*''^'''' •^- ^Tcmoria vcstri nobis grata est" 
 10. Mdu moa vita, tibi tua (vita) cara est. 
 
 1. Thy father is dear to thee; mine to me. 2. Wisdom and 
 counse are wanting to you, citizens! 3. lu theo is all our ho],e 
 and saiety. 4. Jhy luitive-land must be ever most dear to thee 
 
 5. llime mdok-nce is-iu-the-way, Titus! G. A true friend vvili 
 be with tliee m tlie time of danger. 7. The memory of our works 
 survives us. 8. In neitlier battle was tlie geierai amongst his 
 soldiers. 9. lie was serviceable to his friends; he was hurtful 
 
 X u. L. I, ^ 
 
84 
 
 PRONOUNS. 
 
 IV. Dp:monstrative Pronouns. 
 1. Ilic, haec, lioc, this (near me) ; pi. tJunr.. 
 
 
 Sinn. 
 
 
 ivt 
 
 K. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nom. Hio 
 
 haeo 
 
 hoo 
 
 Gen. HQjus 
 
 
 
 Dat. Huio 
 
 
 
 Ace. Huno 
 
 hano 
 
 hoo 
 
 Abl. Hoc 
 
 hao 
 
 hoc 
 
 M. 
 Hi 
 
 Horum 
 His 
 Hos 
 His 
 
 I'lur. 
 F. 
 
 hae 
 harum 
 
 has 
 
 N. 
 
 haeo 
 horum 
 
 haeo 
 
 
 \ { I'l 
 
 2. Ist6, istii, i.stiid, thai (near you), that of yours ; pi. those, 
 
 Nom. IstS ista istiid 
 
 Oen. Istius 
 Dat. Isti 
 
 Ace. 
 AU. 
 
 Istum 
 Isto 
 
 istam 
 ista 
 
 istiid 
 ist5 
 
 Isti 
 
 Istorum 
 
 Istis 
 
 Istos 
 
 IstIs 
 
 istae 
 istarum 
 
 ist^ 
 istorum 
 
 istas 
 
 3. Illu, ilia, ill lid, that, that yonder ; pi. those. 
 
 ilia iliad Illi illae 
 
 illarum 
 
 ilias 
 
 Nom. lUe 
 Oen. Illlus 
 Dat. Illi 
 Ace. Ilium 
 Abl IMS 
 
 illam 
 
 iim 
 
 illud 
 illo 
 
 Illi 
 
 Illorum 
 
 Illis 
 
 lUos 
 
 Illis 
 
 ista 
 
 ill& 
 illorum 
 
 ill& 
 
 )r 
 
 EXEUCISE XXIII. 
 
 1. Haec carmiiia snavissima sunt. 2. Hi montes altissimi sunt. 
 3. Libori agric( laiuiu illorum diligontcs fucrunt. 4. Dat tibi illud 
 carmen pulclMirrinunii. 5. Hie jxier industrius est, illo iners. 6. De- 
 mosthenes et Cicerc clarissimi oratoros fucrunt ; illo erat Graocus, 
 hie autem Ronianus. 7. Iste amicus vir est oiitinuis. 8. Ista 
 auctoritas est maxima. 9. JNIemoria harum rorum nobis jucun- 
 dissima est. 10. Nomen illius poetae clarissimum est. 
 
 1. Those mountains arc very hij>;h and very rugged. 2. That 
 indolence (of y.ours) is hurtful to you (sing.), Titus. 3. The im- 
 mortal soul will survive this mortal body, 4. That one man has 
 always been hurtful to the commonwealth. 5. The memory of 
 that one day was to Cicero most .lolightful. 6. That song (of 
 yours) is to me iiiost ]>leasant. 7. This my son is careful jvnd in- 
 dustrious. 8. This life (of ours) is short; but that-one (ilia) is 
 immortal. 9. Those liands (of yours) are always busy. 10. These 
 citizens are serviceable to the commonwealth \ those are hurtful. 
 
CASES ARTIANOED AS IN ORDINARY GRAMMARS. 35 
 
 V. DETER^ilNATK, RELATIVE, AND InTERROGATIVB 
 
 Pronouns. 
 
 1. Th, ea, id, he, she, it, thai, rofovring to tho former part 
 of a BOiitenco. 
 
 r 
 
 
 M. 
 
 I^ 
 
 N. 
 
 M. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 In 
 
 e& 
 
 Id 
 
 II 
 
 Gen. 
 
 £jU8 
 
 
 
 £5rum 
 
 Dat. 
 
 EI 
 
 
 
 lis or els 
 
 Aco. 
 
 rum 
 
 earn 
 
 Id 
 
 Eos 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Eo 
 
 ea 
 
 e9 
 
 lis or els 
 
 Plur. 
 
 
 F. 
 
 N. 
 
 eae 
 
 e& 
 
 earum 
 
 eorum 
 
 e&8 
 
 e& 
 
 2. Idom, eSdera, idem, the same. 
 Idem 
 
 Nom. Idem e&dem 
 
 Gen. fjusdem 
 
 Dat. Eidem 
 
 Ace. Eundem eandem Idem 
 
 Abl, Eodem eadom e5dem 
 
 Ildem eaedem e&dem 
 
 Eorundem earundem edrundom 
 Hsdem or elsdem 
 Eosdem easdem e&dem 
 lisdem or elsdem 
 
 3. IpsC, ipsa, ipsura, self, himself, herself, itself. 
 
 Nom. IpdS ipsa ipsum 
 
 Gen. IpsIuB 
 
 Dat. Ipsi 
 
 Aco. Ipsum ipsam ipstun 
 
 Abl. Ipsd ips& ipso 
 
 Ipjl 
 
 ipsae 
 
 ipsa 
 
 Ipsorum 
 
 ipsarum 
 
 ipsdrum 
 
 Ipsis 
 
 
 
 Ipsds 
 
 ipsas 
 
 ipB& 
 
 IpsIs 
 
 
 
 4. Kolative — QnT, quae, quod, ivho or which. 
 quae qa5d 
 
 Nom. Qui 
 Gen. CujuB 
 Dat. Cul 
 Ace, Quem 
 Abl. Quo 
 
 qtiam 
 qua 
 
 quod 
 quo 
 
 quae 
 
 qudrum 
 
 Qui quae 
 
 Quorum quarum 
 Quibus or quis 
 Quos quas quae 
 
 Quibus or quIs 
 
 quae 
 quorum 
 
 5. Intorrogativo— Quis or qui, quao, quid or quftd, who ? 
 which f what 1 
 
 Nom. Quia or qui quae quid or quod Qui quae 
 
 Gen. Cujus j Quorum quarum 
 
 Dat. Cui ! Quibus or quis 
 
 Aec. Quem quam qu!dorqu5d -luos quas quae 
 
 Ahl. Qu6 qua quo , Quibus or quis 
 
 Tho forms quis and quid arc uecrl by themselves, without a Noun • 
 as, Quis 68 ? who art thou i Quid cut ? ichat in it i The forma 
 qui and qu6d are used iutorrogativflv with a Noun : aa, >ui 
 bSmo C-s ? xvhat man art thou i Quud mare, what »ea ? 
 
 D2 
 
86 CAMEH ARUANOED AS IN ORDINARY ORAAfMARH. 
 
 i 
 
 Riri-E 10.--Th(» Kclativo rrononn aj^rcoH with tho Ante- 
 cedent in Gender, Number, and TerHon. but not in Case : 
 a.s, Felix est ri;x ([ucni oiunCs elvrs laiidant. Fortunate is the 
 kinrj whom all citiznm prnixo. 
 
 Legit, Up, xhr, it) nods. 
 
 Legunt, (^thry) read. 
 
 Exercise XXIV. 
 
 A. — 1. Ainicum fulnni habct ; ei aadictus est. 2. Sallustius est 
 elegantissimus scriiitor ; ille ejus lil)ros legit. 8. Qui amico in peri- 
 culis adt'st, iH venis amicus est.* 4. li sunt civcs boni, qui rcipublicae 
 proHuiit. 5. Ijtsc labor nobis jucundus est. 6. Fons omuium 
 voluptatum in nobis ipsis est. 7. Melior pars tui ipsius immor- 
 talis est. 8. Non minor pugna erat cum mulieribus Cimbrorum 
 quam cum Cimbris ii)sis. I). Idem dies erit initium vitae aeternae. 
 10. Nou omnibus hominibus cadcm prosunt. 
 
 • lu translating this sentence, begin with is vervi aviicut est. 
 
 1. He has a foithful friend ; ho will never injure him. 2. My 
 brother himself is a most elegant writer. 3. (IIo) who gives honours 
 to the bad is hurtful vo the state.* 4. The wives of the Cimbrians 
 were themselves brave. 5. The .same (thing.s) injure some, do good 
 to others, (i. (lie) who is hurtful to the commonwealth is 
 hurtful to hinuself.* 7. The same (things) arc not jileasing to all 
 Tmen). 8. Demosthenes himself was not always pleasing to his 
 (fellow) citizens. 9. Cicero is a faithful friend ; I am devoted to 
 him. 10. Cicero is a most elegant writer ; they read his books. 
 
 • In sentences 3 and 6 begin with qui, and afterwards uae is • wse J.atin sentences 
 No. 3. 
 
 B.— 1. Quis habet cxercitum? Quis est dux? 2. Cujus est 
 equus ? Cujus sunt arma ? 3. Quae civitas habet optimos leges ? 
 4. Quod animal est maxmium et validissimum ? 5. Quorum ani- 
 malium sunt vires maximae ? G. Qui color pulchcrrimus est? 
 7. Qui orator optimus et dulcissimus est ? 8. Quorum arma sunt 
 optima? 9. Cui dat (does he <jivc) coronam? 10. Quod tempus 
 felicius est quam praesens ? 
 
 1. Which constellation is the most beautiful ? 2. Which poet 
 is the sweetest ? 3. Who is he? what has he? 4. Who gives the 
 book to thee? 5. To whom does he give the greatest praise? 
 6. Whose (yen. siny.) is the victory? Whose ((/en. pi.) is the 
 booty? 7. Which tax is tho greatest? 8. Which king has 
 the greatest taxes? 9. \\'li:it animal is more sagacious (prudens) 
 than the elephant? 
 the lion? 
 
 10. ^Vhat animal is more ra.jacious than 
 
 Tii6 Pupil is to pasS over tae Scst o6 pti^ss, aiid prouocd witi\ 
 the Verb on p. 37. 
 
 H 
 
^i^f^. 
 
 TAUT 1. 
 
 GHAMMATICAJL FOEMS. 
 
 THE CASES ARRANGED AS IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. 
 
 I. — The Al; iiaukt. Parts of Si-ekch. 
 
 1. Alphahet. —Thv Latin Alpliahft cuiisists of 25 IcttorB, 
 tlio sumo as tlio Eiiy;lish without \V. 
 
 A, B, C, D, E, F, G, II, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, 
 
 a, b, c, d, o, f, g, b, i, j, k, 1, lu, u, o, p, 
 
 Q, K, S, T, U, V, X, V, Z. 
 
 q, r, s, t, n, 
 
 X. y 
 
 z. 
 
 Tliu letters are divided into Vowels and (^lnsonanls. 
 
 The Vowels are a, e, i, o, u, y. The remaining letters 
 are Consonants. 
 
 The Diphthongs are ae, or, au, which are in common use, 
 and en, ci, ui, whieh occur in only a tew words. 
 Tliu (liplithoiigs ac, oe, iiro pruuoniicod as e. 
 
 A Long SyllaLle has the mark (") over the vowel. A 
 Sliort SyllaLle has the mark (") over the vowel. 
 
 2. Parts of Speech. — There are eight parts of speech in 
 the Latin language. 
 
 1. Suhstantivo, or Noun. 5. Adverb. 
 
 2. Adjective. 0. Preposition. 
 
 3. Ptonoun. 7. Conjunction. 
 
 4. Verb. 8. Interjection. 
 
 There is no article in the Latin language : hence the 
 Latin mensa means not only table., but also a table and the 
 table. 
 
' = is*#HiW|4'*, 
 
 i| 
 
 [2] 
 
 PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 •} 
 
 II. — PUONUNCIATION. 
 
 Tliu KittuiH in Latin wuru probably piununncud an 
 foUovvB : — 
 
 VOWKLS AND 1)11>HTII0N0S. 
 
 .itu 
 
 I a 
 
 «< 
 
 & 
 
 It 
 
 8 
 
 »t 
 
 ae 
 
 II 
 
 06 
 
 It 
 
 6 
 
 II 
 
 I 
 
 II 
 
 i 
 
 II 
 
 5 
 
 It 
 
 d 
 
 It 
 
 S 
 
 ti 
 
 Q 
 
 It 
 
 au 
 
 Kii}j;liHli 
 
 n 
 
 eu s 
 
 ei » 
 
 II 
 II 
 It 
 It 
 II 
 II 
 II 
 It 
 
 n 
 
 II 
 II 
 
 tt 
 
 n in fVfthcr. 
 Jirsl a in away, or a in vilbi. 
 ai in pa/n. 
 ai in \)(iin. 
 ai in pa/n. 
 e in men. 
 i in niacliino. 
 t in p/ty. 
 in glory. 
 o in top. 
 w in rwlo. 
 u in fjill. 
 010 in jiojcor. 
 Latin 6 f. Uowod quickly by 
 Latin u ((lirtVr8 littlo from 
 proM :1 pronunciation). 
 Latin 6 followed quickly by 
 Latin i (differs littlo from ai 
 in i»l«in). 
 
 I 
 
 CONSONANTS. 
 
 liiil 
 
 IH'T 
 
 Latin c, ch 
 
 = 
 
 E 
 
 nglisli 
 
 k. 
 
 ♦» 
 
 g 
 
 = 
 
 
 >» 
 
 9 in c/ot. 
 
 II 
 
 S 
 
 = 
 
 
 II 
 
 8 in «in. 
 
 tt 
 
 t (ratio) 
 
 = 
 
 { 
 
 11 
 
 t in cat, not sh, as 
 in nation. 
 
 II 
 
 J 
 
 = 
 
 
 II 
 
 y in yard. 
 
 ti 
 
 V 
 
 = 
 
 
 11 
 
 V. 
 
 II 
 
 z, ph, th 
 
 = 
 
 
 It 
 
 z, ph, th. 
 
 Latin s 
 
 between two vowcla = 
 
 = (eomutiuicn) Engliah 8 in t08G,e.g. 'rosu.' 
 
CASES ARKANGED AS IN PUBUC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 3 ] 
 
 HH 
 
 III. — SiHSTANTIVKS OU NoUNS. 
 
 NoiiiiH Jiro ili'cliiK'tl by Nainhir ami Case, 
 
 'riuTo iw, two NumliorH: Suhinlnr juul Plnnil. 
 
 Tlifrt) aro six ('uses: NuiniiKitivc, VoralivCf AccuHutioi'^ 
 (Jinitiiu!, Ditflrc, Ahlniirr. 
 
 T'noro aro tlircu (icikUth : Masculine, Femhihi<', and Niuttr. 
 NomiH \vliicli luiiy bo litlior MilscuUiu) or Foiiiiuiui! wro oallod 
 
 COIHIUOII. 
 
 Tlioro aiv (ixc hcclciisious, diKtitio^uislitMl by tho ciulingB 
 uf the CJuiiitivu Cuso. 
 
 I. 
 Oen. Sing, ae 
 
 II. 
 I 
 
 III. 
 
 Is 
 
 Ge4i. rinr. A-rum 
 
 0-rum 
 
 Iv-!!! 
 
 IV. 
 
 tt-um 
 
 V. 
 
 Si 
 
 -rum 
 
 Tho Siem i.s that part of tlio word which remains after 
 tho changi.'al)lu ondiii,u;.s aro talfii i, v. 
 
 Tho StewH of Is'dims can bt ,i. i;crtaiTiod by taking away 
 tho torniinatioiiH nia nr rum of tlio Gonitivo I'lural. lleuoo 
 tho final h^Ltcr of tho Stom is in — 
 
 I. 
 A 
 
 II. 
 
 
 ni. 
 consonant or I 
 
 IV. 
 
 U 
 
 V. 
 
 E 
 
 IV. — Tin: FiusT OU A Declknhion. 
 
 Tho Noniinativo Singular of Nouns ui tho First Uo- 
 cloiiBiou ends in a. 
 
 Siii!<. 
 
 Nom. Mcns-a (_/■(<«.)(» t<thle 
 Voc Mens-a, <) tdhle 
 
 Ace. Mens-am, 
 Gen. Mens ao, 
 Dat. Mens-ae, 
 Abl. Mens a, 
 
 a tablti 
 of (I talile 
 to or for a ttihla 
 hy,wifh,()rfroin 
 a tdlile. 
 
 I'ltir. 
 Mens-ae, tnhJ.H 
 Mens-ao, i) tahJes 
 Mens-as, tuldo^ 
 Mens-Arum, of tahlps 
 Mens-iB, to or for tahJeg 
 Mens-is, Inj, uith, or frrmi 
 
 tabhs. 
 
 Note. — rUIi, a daurfhter ; dea, a goddess ; equ&, a mare ; Ssina, 
 a sf^e.-as8 ; anil a fow otliors, make tlio Dative and AMativo 
 Plural in abus: HlIabuH, (lOabOs, CijuabOs, aslnabas, etc. 
 
 Gender.— All Noune of tlio First Duclcnsion are Feminine, unless 
 they desi^'uate mak'H : ii.s, nauta, a sailor. 
 
 The Vooabolaries begin on p. 125. 
 
t4] 
 
 I 
 
 ih 
 
 li 
 
 FIRST DECLENSION. 
 
 Rule 1.— Tho Noiuinativo Case denotes tlio sunjEci. A 
 V erl)a<;rws witli it.s Kuminativocaso in number and person : 
 as, puella ciirrit, the ,jlrl runs; puellao currimt, the yirh run. 
 
 livLK 2.— l1io Accusative Case denotes the object. 
 iransitive verLs govern an Accusative ease : as, aquila 
 alas hahet the eagle has louujs. Kote.— In Latin the 
 verb 18 put last and tho Accusative case before it. 
 
 Singular, 3 i>its. 
 Currit, (he, hIic, it) rnns. 
 Habet, {he, she, it) has. 
 
 I'lunil, 3 pors. 
 Currunt, [thci/) run. 
 Habent, (.they) have. 
 
 Exercise I. 
 h Filia currit. 2. Filiac currunt. 3. U.^^ina coronam habet. 
 4. luolla coronam habet. 5. Fih'a pecuuiam habet. (J. Feniina 
 l-ecunKun habet. 7. Roma pnrtas habet. H. Coloniao portas habent. 
 J. I ue lao rona^ habent 10. Feminacro.as habent. 11. Cohmibae 
 alas lial)ent. 12. Insuhie oras liabent. 
 
 ^il\'^-^'%'''nT'' ''?'• ,^'- '^'''*' '''^'""'" •■""• 3. The clove has 
 wni;^s. 4. lie eagles have wings. 5. The colony has gates. 
 G. Ihe island hjvs coasts. 7. The girls have money. 8. The vomen 
 have money. 9. The cok.ny has women. 10. The island has colonies. 
 11. Ihe woman has a crown. 12. The islands have roses. 
 
 Rule 3.~ When two Nouns in Latin aro f^ontiectod bv 
 the verb "To be" tl.ey are put in tlm s-..u. case: as, 
 liritannia est insula, linfain is an island Use the Nomi- 
 native case after tlie vei'l) " To be." 
 
 Rule 4.— The latter of two Nouius is put in the Genitive 
 cas^o AvJu'ii the one is dependent upon tlie otlier • as 
 Britannia est insfihi EurGpae, Britain is an island of Europe. 
 Kat, (/«0 is. Sunt, (tliey) are. 
 
 Exercise II. 
 
 1. Sioilia est insula. 2. Sieilia est insula Euro})ae. 3. IJoma est 
 regma Ital.ae. 4. Incolae Italiae sunt poelae. 5. Incolae insularum 
 sunt nautae. 6. Inco'ae 15ritannia(! sunt agricolae. 7. Insula est 
 patna nautarum. 8. Graecia est patria poetaruni. 9. Aniicitia 
 est gloria vitae. 10. Inimicitia incolarum est causa inumae 
 
 1. Britain is the queen of islands. 2. Britain is the "native-land 
 of sailors. 3. Italy is the native-land of poets. 4. The inhabitants 
 of Britain are sailors 5. The inhabitants of Sicily aro sailors, 
 b. Ihe inhabitants of Gaul are Imsbandmen. 7 Britain is the 
 native-lan( of glory. 8. Friendship is the crown of life. 9. The 
 
 ^r. i' V'.i 1 ':\f' ""^ ^^"''^- ^^' '^^'^ ^'^"^'^y of t^e Bailors is the 
 cause of the battle. 
 
 I 
 

 CASES ABKANGED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PEIMEa. [ 5 j 
 
 V. — The Second or Declension. 
 
 The Nominativo Sinj^ular of Masciiliiio Nouuy of the 
 Second Declension ends in us and 6r, and of Neuter 
 Nouns in um. 
 
 A. Masculine. 
 
 Sing, 
 
 1. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 Nom. Doraln-iis, a lord 
 Voc. Domin-e, lord 
 Ace. Domin-um, a lord 
 Gen. D6min-i, of a lord 
 Dat. Domin-6, to or for a lord 
 Abl. Domin-d, by, ivith, or from 
 a lord. 
 
 D6mln-i, lords 
 D6min-i, O lords 
 
 D6min-os, lords 
 Doniin-Orum, of lordK 
 D6raln-is, to or for lords 
 Domin-is, by, with, or from 
 lords. 
 
 2. 
 
 Nom. Magister, a master 
 Voc. Magister, master 
 Arc Magistr-um, a master 
 Gen. Magistr-i, of a master 
 Dat. Magistr-o, to or for a master 
 Abl. Magistr-6, by, with, or from 
 a master. 
 
 Magistr-i, masters 
 
 Magistr-i, O masters 
 
 Magistr-os, masters 
 Magistr-Orum, of masters 
 Magistr-is, to or for masters 
 Magistr-iB, by, with, or from 
 masters. 
 
 8. 
 
 Nam. Puer, a boy 
 
 Voc. Puer, () tiay 
 
 Ace. Puer-um, a hoy 
 Gen. Puer-i, of a boy 
 Dat. Puer-6, to or for a boy 
 Abl. Puer-6, by, with, or from 
 a boy. 
 
 Puer-i, hoys 
 
 Puer-i, O boys 
 
 Puer-os, boys 
 
 Puer-Orum, of' Iniys 
 
 Puer-is, to < ■- for boys 
 
 Puer-is, by, with, or from boys. 
 
 NoTK.— Proper Naiurs in Iur mako i in tlio Vocative, as, Mor- 
 cdrliLs, Mcrciiry^ Von. ISJnvm'i. Also tlic Vocative Siii<,Milar of 
 fillfla, a son, is fill, ami nf gouifts, a (juardian deity, is gCui. 
 
 Tliorc is ono Noun of tho Second Doclonsiou ending in ir, 
 namely, vir, a man (aa distiuguislied from a woman). It is 
 declined like paCr; 
 
 Sing. 
 Nom. VIr, a mart 
 Voc. Til, man 
 Ace. Vir-um, a man 
 Gen. VIr-i, of a man 
 Dat. Vir-o, to or for a man 
 Abl. VIr-6, by, with, or from a 
 man. 
 
 4. Plur. 
 
 Vir-i, 7nen 
 
 Vir-i, O men 
 
 Vir-os, men 
 Vir-Orum, o/ men 
 
 Vir-ia, to or for men 
 
 Vir-is, by, wUh, or from men. 
 
t6] 
 
 SECOND DECLENSION. 
 
 i,i 
 
 . i 
 
 N.V.A. Regn-um, a hiiKjdnm, or O 
 
 Jiiitgdom 
 Gen. Regn-I, of a kinijdom 
 Dut. Regn-6, to or for a kingdom 
 Ahl. Regn-6, by, with, or from 
 a kiiKjtlom. 
 
 B. Neuter. 
 
 Regn-a, 
 
 hirnjd 01118, or O king- 
 doms 
 Regn-Orum, of kin<jd(ms 
 Regn-is, to or for ktngd<miH 
 Regn-is, by, with, or from 
 kimjdoma. 
 
 Note.— Tho Nominativo, Vocativo, aud Accuaativc of all Neuter 
 Nouns ar(3 tJio same. 
 
 Gendkr.— Most NouiiH in us arc Muriculiuo, but names of trees uro 
 Foniinino ; as, nmlQa, an apjib-tree. 
 
 Three Nouns of tlio Second Dtrlrn.sion endini,' in us are Neuter: 
 virOs, poixon ;' \uliziiA, th' undlitnde; \)m^Ci<, (he {open) sea. 
 They are used oiUy in the Singular. (^N.J. Viilyua is BomctimeB 
 Masculine.) 
 
 et, and. 
 
 Exercise III. 
 Masculine Nouns in us. 
 1. Filius currit. 2. Servi curruiit. 3. Doniinus servos halwt. 
 4. Filiuadomini servos liubet. 6. Doniinus servos et equos habet. 
 
 6. Filii dominornni «quos et tanros liabent. 7. Avus servos et 
 ecjuos liabct. 8. Filius aniici liortum hai)et. 9. Filii ininncoruiu 
 giadios habent. 10. Khodanus est fluvius Galliae. 11. Khodanu8 
 et Ilhenus sunt fluvii Galliae. 12. Hortus rosas habct. 
 
 1. The slave runs. 2. The sons run. 3. The grandfather has 
 a slave. 4. The son of the grandfother has slaves. 5. 'J'he sons 
 of the grandfather have slaves. G. The sons of the lords are sailors. 
 
 7. The sons of (he slaves are husbandmen. 8. The lord has slaves 
 and^hor.ses. i). The Jihoue and the lihine are rivers of Euro})e. 
 10. Tlie friends of the ^randiather are jHicts. 11. The enennes of 
 the lord have swords. 12. 'J'he rivers of tlu; island have banks. 
 
 Rule 5. — Tho Dativo Case indicates the person who 
 gains or receives anything : as, nnlgister columbam puero 
 (lat, the master (jivts a dove to the hoy. 
 
 Dat, he, site, it) gives. Dant, (they) give. 
 
 Exercise IV. 
 Masculine Nouns hi 2r. 
 
 Pucr libruni habet. 2. Magister libruni jniero dat. 
 libros habet. 1. Donunus servos et ministros habet. t 
 agrum ministro dat. (). Soeeragros et ministros hal)et 
 agrum genero dat. 8. Magistri libros pueris dant. 
 servum puero dat. 10. Tuer libruni ministro dat. 
 
 1. The boys have books. 2. The lord gives a field to the Iwys 
 
 3. Filius 
 
 Dominus 
 
 7. Sixjer 
 
 9. Gener 
 
 ^ 
 
CASES AEBANGED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 7 ] 
 
 3. Tlie f;ithors-in-lii\v and the sons-in-law have ficlcls. 4. Thv 
 fatliur-in-law ^ivtvs servants to the son-in-law. 5. The friends 
 have books. 6. The enemies have servants and fields. 7. The 
 masters give gardens to the Ixiys. 8, The master |i;ivc8 doves to 
 the boys. <J. The grandfather t^ives fields to the master. 10. The 
 fathers-in-law give fields and bulls to the sons-in-law. 
 
 EXEUCIii'F, V. 
 Neuter Nouns. 
 
 1. Amici sunt donuni coeli. 2. Amicitia est doniimDei. 3. Dona 
 avi sunt praemiiv diligentiae, 4, Aurum et ary;entum sunt metalla. 
 5. Magistcr argentum puero dat. 6. Discipuli sunt gaudium 
 magistrornm. 7. Bellum est Ciiusa morlK)rum. 8. Oppidum muros 
 ct jxjrtas habet. 9. Templa sunt gloria Graeciae. 10. Romani 
 gladios et scuta habcnt. 
 
 1. Friends are th- ,— ' of God. 2. The boys and girls are the joy 
 of the grandfathc ■, The granc!f«ther gives gold and silvof to 
 the boys. 4. Grc^i.^ and Sicily have temples. 5. The temples of 
 Greece liave gifts. 6. The father-in-law gives gold and silver to the 
 temples. 7. The metals are the cause of war. 8. The queen lias 
 lands and towns. 9. The (pieen gives rewards to the inhabitants. 
 10. The lord gives shields and swords to the servants. 
 
 VI. — Adjectives of the First and Second 
 Declensions. 
 
 Adjectives in ils, a, urn, or er, (e)ra, (e)rum, are declined 
 in tlie Maisculino and Neuter like NonnH of the Second 
 Declension, and in tlie Feminine like Nouns of the First 
 Declen^;ion : as, bonus, honji, bonuni, good; nigcr, nigra, 
 nigrum, black ; tuner, tcnera, teneruui, tender. 
 
 M. 
 Norn. Bon-ils 
 
 Voc. 
 Ace. 
 Gen. 
 Dat. 
 Abl. 
 
 £on-g 
 
 Bon-um 
 
 Bon-i 
 
 Bon-5 
 
 Bdn-5 
 
 Sing. 
 F. 
 
 bon-S. 
 
 bon-a 
 
 bon-am 
 
 b5n-ae 
 
 bon-ae 
 
 bdn-& 
 
 1. 
 
 N. 
 bon-um 
 bon-um 
 bon-um 
 bon-i 
 b6n-5 
 b6n-6 
 
 M. 
 Bon-i 
 Bon-i 
 Bon-OS 
 Bon-orum 
 B5n-i8 
 Bon-Is 
 
 riur. 
 F. . 
 bon-ae 
 bon-ae 
 bon-as 
 b6n-8,rum 
 bon-ifl 
 bon-ia 
 
 N. 
 bon-E 
 boa-^ 
 bon-S, 
 bon-orum 
 bon-is 
 bon-Is 
 
 M. F. N. 
 
 N. V. Niger nigr-5, nigr-um 
 
 Ace. Nigr-um nigr-am nigr-um 
 
 Gen. Nigr-i nigr-ae nigr-i 
 
 Dat. Nigr-6 nigr-ae nigr-6 
 
 Abl. Nigr-5 nigr-& nigr-5 
 
 M. 
 Nigr-i 
 Nigr OS 
 Nigr-orum 
 Nigr-is 
 Nigr-lB 
 
 F. N. 
 
 nigr-ae nigr-& 
 
 nigr-as nigr-i 
 
 nigr-&rum nigr-orum 
 
 nigr-is nigr-Is 
 
 uigr-I» nigr-Xs 
 
[8] 
 
 FIBST AND SECOND DEGI.ENSION& 
 
 :^ 
 
 'i ,1 
 
 I ' ■ 
 
 Sing. 
 M. F. N. 
 
 AT.F. T5ndr tgngr-5 tener-um 
 /Ice. Tener-um tener-am tener-um 
 
 Gen. Tener-i tener-ae tener-i 
 
 Ihit. Tener-6 teu6r-ae tener-o 
 
 Abl. T6ner-6 tener-a tener-6 
 
 8. Piur. 
 
 M. F. N. 
 
 T5ner-i tener-ae tgner-& 
 
 Tener-6s tenor-as tener-a 
 
 ; Tener-orum tener-arum tener-orum 
 
 Tener-ia tener-is tener-is 
 
 Tener-is tener-ia tener-is 
 
 ; I! 
 
 Feminine Adjective declinko 
 
 OF FlUS'i 
 
 N.V. ParvS mens?l, 
 Ace. Parvam mensam, 
 Gen. Parvae mensae, 
 Ddt. Parvae mensae, 
 All. Parva mensa, 
 
 N. V. Parvae mensae, 
 Ace. Parvas mensas, 
 Gen. Parvarum mensarum, 
 Dat. Parvis mensis, 
 All. Parvis mensis, 
 
 ALCNO WITH Feminine Noun, botu 
 Declension. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 a small tahlc, or O small table 
 
 a small table 
 
 of a small table 
 
 to or for a small table 
 
 by, tvilh, or from a small table. 
 
 riur. 
 
 small fables, or email tables 
 
 small fables 
 
 of imall tables 
 
 to or for small fables 
 
 by, with, or from small tables. 
 
 Mascvline Ad,(eotives declined alonc! with IMasculinb 
 Nouns, hotu of Second Declenciion. 
 
 (A.) 
 
 SiiiK. 
 
 a fjood lord 
 
 O good lord 
 
 a (jood lord 
 
 of a good lord 
 
 to or for a good lord 
 
 by, with, or from a good lord 
 
 Plur. 
 
 good lords, or good lords 
 
 good lord-f, 
 
 of good lords 
 
 to or for good lords 
 
 by, .cith, or from good lords. 
 
 Nam. BonQs domintls, 
 Bone domine, 
 Bonum dominum, 
 Boni domini, 
 Bond domino, 
 Bond domino, 
 
 Voe, 
 Ace. 
 Gen. 
 Dat. 
 Abl. 
 
 N.V. 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Abl. 
 
 Boni domlnl, 
 Bonos dominSs, 
 Bonorum dominorum. 
 Bonis dominls, 
 Bonis dominls, 
 
 lii 
 
 i 31 
 
 Nom. B5nus pQer, 
 Voc. B6ne puer 
 Ace. fifinum piigrum, 
 Gen. Boni pueri, 
 Dat. B5nd pu^ro, 
 Abl. Bond puSrd, 
 
 (B.) 
 
 aiii^. 
 
 II good boy 
 
 O good hoy 
 
 a good boy 
 
 of a good boy 
 
 to or for a good boy 
 
 hy, with, or from a good Imy. 
 
 H 
 
a 
 
 orum 
 is 
 Is 
 
 BOTH 
 
 OASE& ARRANGE!) AS IN PTTBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 9 ] 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 N.V. BSnIpiieri, 
 Aeo. Bonos pueros, 
 Gen. Eonorum puerorum, 
 Dat. Bonis pueris, 
 All. Bonis oueris, 
 
 good hoys, or good hoya 
 
 (joud hoys 
 
 of (jixiil Ixiyn 
 
 to ov for (jDod hoyn 
 
 hy, irifli, or /nun (jooil boyit. 
 
 6. 
 
 Neuter Adjective decmnkd along with Nei'teb Noun, 
 BOTH OF Second Declension. 
 
 (A.) 
 
 Sing. 
 
 a great Mngdom, or O great kingdom 
 
 of a great Idwjdom 
 
 to or for a grait Uiugdom 
 
 by, with, or from a great kingdom. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 A^. F.i4. Magna regn&, great kingdoms, or great kingdomii 
 
 Gen. Magnorum legncrum, of gnat kingdovix 
 
 Dat. Magnis regnis, to or for grcid hingdoms 
 
 Abl, Magnis regniSi by, ivith, or front great kingdoms. 
 
 N. V.A. Magnum regnum, 
 Gert. Magnl regni, 
 Dat. Magnd regno, 
 Abl. Magno regno, 
 
 N.V.A. Magnum p81&gus. 
 Gen. Magni pelagi, 
 Dat, Magn5 pel&go, 
 Abl. Magn5 pel&go, 
 
 (B.) 
 
 Sing, only. 
 
 the great sea 
 
 of the great sea 
 
 to or for the great sm 
 
 by, with, or froin the great sea. 
 
 7. 
 
 Masculine Adjective of Second Declension declined with 
 Masculine Noun of First Declension. 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Nom 
 
 Clariis naut&, 
 
 a faiwmn sailor 
 
 Voo. 
 
 Clare nauta, 
 
 famous milor 
 
 Ace, 
 
 Clarum nautam, 
 
 a famous sailor 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Clari nautae, 
 
 of a famous sailor 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Claro nautae, 
 
 to or for a famous sailor 
 
 Ah.. 
 
 Clard nauta. 
 
 by, with, or fro7n a famous sailor. 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 N. V. Clari nautae, 
 Arx. ClaroB nautas, 
 Gen. Clarorum nautarum 
 Dat. Claris nautis, 
 Abl Claris nautis, 
 
 famous sailors, or O fainoits sailors 
 
 famous sailors 
 
 of f anions sailors 
 
 to ()r for famoux sailors 
 
 by, ivith, or from famous sailors. 
 
[10] 
 
 FmST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
 
 «ftortho t*uf ^"J"^"™ '" ^^«" '" --«■»- P'«-a 
 
 11 
 
 Exercise VI. 
 
 1..^' ^5'' nr'^l*^ '''"^- ^- '^^0 'sland is long. 3. The shields aro 
 long. 4. The slaves aro timid. 5. Tho doves aro timid 6 Tho 
 
 wide. 9. Ihokmgdomisgreat. 10. Tho friends are good. 
 
 alM Inin^^'^Tr '^^^''' •'^'u ^'''''^- ^* ^^^^l<-^« oohinibao albas 
 
 sun t ' a G;aSae''' ?'" ',r''"^^^" '^'^•'"'' '^' ^I'l^^dida templa 
 fi A -A ^Tracciac. 5. Ldlicosa regm multas terras h-\hi^t 
 
 t^ir r^AZr ''" P^^'". ^"'^*- ^- Magister ISm bo o 
 Jo-fl : ^"'^ Praenimni bonao puellao dat. 9. Pericula 
 
 nantarum sunt magna. 10. Dominu« acutos gladios habct. 
 
 the 'inMtaT ^f cZ^I'^''''''^'' ^- '^^^ ^^^^^n .^i^c. swords to 
 i/uo lumiuiianis. o. Cxau has mnnv finvnc 4. hm,^. *„. i 
 
 great and splendid, 5. The da^rs " V\votnT^^^^^^^ 
 
 9^^ The rLVs^^t^^^^^^^^ Hhone is i great and bSrfvt 
 
 rapid river! ^ " '""^ '^^"^"' ^^^ '^^^^' ^^^^^ is a 
 
 C.—l. Puerestaeger. 2. Pueila estaegra. 3. Am-um temnli P«f 
 
 sacrum. 4. Regina e«t pulchra. 5. Filiae s,mt t^e me 6 Filii 
 
 unt misen. 7. Morbus molestus est tenero filio 8 Exemnh m 
 
 cipulis. 10. Magnus est numerus puerorum. 
 1. The pupils of the nir.ster are sick. 2. The master dvos ., 
 
 di' 
 
GA8E8 ASRANOES AS IN PUBUO SCHOOL PBIMEB. [ 11 ] 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 '.! 
 
 
 VII. — The Third or Consonant and I 
 Declension. 
 
 The Nomiuativo Singular of Nouns 
 Deolensioix ends in various lotiens. 
 Bouie conKouant or i. 
 
 of llu; 'I'hird 
 'I'iic'ir wtcuis rud in 
 
 A. Masculine and Fciulnlne Noims, 
 
 I. Stems endino in a Consonant. 
 
 1. Nouns the stems of which end in the lahial (lip) 
 letters p, b, m. 
 
 sing. 
 
 N.V. Trab-B(/.), a heam,or beam 
 Ace. Trab-em, a beam 
 Gen. Trab-Ja, of a beiim 
 Out. Trib-I, lo or for a beam 
 Abl. Trab-g, by, with, ov from 
 a beam. 
 
 1. riur. 
 
 Tr&b-es, hearns, or beams 
 Trab-es, beamn 
 Trab-um, of beams 
 Trab-ibus, to or for beams 
 Trab-lbus, by, with, or from 
 beams. 
 
 2. 
 
 N.V. TMncB^-B (c), a chief, or O 
 Ace. Prinoip-em, a chief [chief 
 Gen. Prinolp-Is, of a chief 
 Dai. Prinoip-i, to or for a chief 
 Abl. j?rinoip-8, by,ivith,orfrom 
 a chief. 
 
 PrincYp-es, chiefs, or O chiefs 
 Princip-es, chiefs 
 Princip-um, of chiefs 
 Princip-ibus, to or for chiefs 
 Prlncip-ibus, by, vilh, or front 
 chiefs. 
 
 8. 
 
 N.V. IVi&m-s (f.), winter, or 
 Ace. Hiem-em, winter I'wiuter 
 Gen. Hiem-is, of winter 
 Dat. H!em-i, to or for to inter 
 Abl. Hiem-e, by, with, or from 
 winter. 
 
 Hipm-es, icinters, or O winters 
 Hiem-es, tointcrs 
 Hiem-um, of wiiifem 
 Hicm-lbus, to or for vititrvs 
 Hiem-ibus, hy, with, <ir from 
 ■winters. 
 
 2. Nouns the stems of which end in tlio j>;uttnral 
 (throat) letters c, g. Note. — In the iScnninative and Voca- 
 tive Singular cs, gs are contracted into x. 
 
 Sing. 1 
 
 N. V. Dux (c), « leader, or leader 
 Ace. Diic-em, a leader 
 Gen. Diic-ls, of a leader 
 Dat. Diic-i, to or for a lender 
 Abl. Duc-e, by, with, or frmn a 
 leader. 
 
 Plut. 
 Duc-cs, leaders, or O leaders 
 Duc-es, leaders 
 Duc-um, of leaders 
 Duc-ibus, to or for lenders 
 Duc-ibus, by, with, or from 
 leaders. 
 
[18] 
 
 \ !' 
 
 HI f 
 
 I i! 
 
 THIRD DECLENSION. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 ^•V.Uz(/.),alaw,oTOlaw 
 Ago. Leg-em, a law 
 Gen. Leg-is, of „ hiw 
 IM. Leg.i, to ov for a law 
 Aid. Us-e, by, with, or from a 
 lata. 
 
 *• _ Plur. 
 
 Leg-Ss, laws, or law 
 
 Leg-e3, /'^ •« 
 Leg-um, of lawH 
 Leg-ibus, to or for laioa 
 Leg-ibas, /-//, trffh, or from laia 
 
 N. V. JJdex (o.), ajwhie, or O judge 
 Aao. Jfldlc-em, a juilqe. 
 nT J?J?"3E'' of a judge 
 
 ^6/. Judlo-g, by, with, or from a 
 judge, 
 
 *r&t, (Ae, she, it) was. 
 
 8. 
 
 Judlo-es, judges, or Oj«rffl("8 
 judio-es, jMf/f/es 
 Judic-um, of judqcs 
 
 il^'^-\l^^> \o or for judges 
 JUdic-ibus, hy, with, OP /m« 
 judges, 
 
 Erant, (they) were. 
 
 Exercise VII. 
 
 loaders. 6, Ti,o ki„g givo» dtyto hotar ''8"tI" '","''' 
 were kmd a.ul just. 7. I1ie I<i,i<r „w „ ^ , .^ '• H'o .l">lscs 
 
 mjunous to the judges. 10. The .sons oni;:rj„dges a'^ S''" " 
 lottf rr "'^ ''""^ "' "'"* ""-^ ■» *^» ^'^tal (tooth) 
 
 Sing. 1 
 
 N. V. Aeta-s (/.), « n age, or a^e 
 Aco. Aetat-em, an age 
 Gen. Aetat-is, of an age 
 Dat. Aeta^-i ., or yV)r au age ' 
 46Z. Aetat-v,, <,- nnth, or /ro„i 
 
 an «^e. 
 
 N.V. Lapis (»/.), a s/o/i^, or O stone 
 
 Ace. Lapid-em, 
 Gen. Lapid-is, 
 Dat. Lapld-i, 
 Ahl. Lapid-e, 
 
 a stone 
 of a stone 
 to or for a stone 
 by, ivith, or from 
 a stone. 
 
 I'lur. 
 Aetat-es, ages, or O ages 
 Aetat-es, ages 
 Aetat-um, of ages 
 Aetat-ibu-, to or for ages 
 Aetat-ibuj, hy, with, or fro,>. 
 ages. 
 
 Lapld-es, stones, or O stones 
 liapid-es, stoneii 
 Lapid-um. cf stones 
 Lapid-ibuj, to or f>r stones 
 Lapid-ibus, by, with, or fron. 
 sto7ies. 
 
 
CASES ARRANGED AS IN PUBUC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 13 j 
 
 M 
 
 li. 
 a- 
 II. 
 
 le 
 le 
 
 L'S 
 
 e. 
 is 
 
 
 N. V. Mile-8 (r.), a fnhlier, or O 
 Arc. Mllit-em, a miUlUr [mldier 
 Gen. Millt-is, of a soUhr 
 Dat. Millt-i, to or for a mhlh:r 
 All. Milit-5, hy, irHh, or from 
 (I t'oldicr. 
 
 3. 
 
 Millt-es, /<(,lih'ir», or O soldier* 
 Millt-es, »i}l,lii-r.-< 
 Milit-um, of xoldicrs 
 Milit-ibus, io or for mUh'ers 
 Milit-ibtts, h>j, with, or from 
 yoltlkrs. 
 
 KuLE 7.— Tlio Abliitivo caso iiulioiitcH— (1) Tlus inistrti 
 mmit or moans l.y which .s.u.K.|hiu.- is ,lono : a«, domuiu« 
 hastrt sorvuni occidit, the lord kills the ,lair with a spear. 
 
 ^?} T!-"" ^IT '''^'''" «""n'thin^- is dnnv. or fukes j.hico : as 
 noctos hicmo loiigao sunt, the ni<jhts are In,,,, in winter. 
 
 Ocoidit, {he, she, it) Idll«. Oociduut, {(hci/) kill. 
 
 ExEUflSE VIII. 
 
 1. Miles gladio ol)si(lc«m occidit. 2. Milos lapido cornitom occi.lit 
 
 ,t,.u"o snnT 'r"V''^.' "^ T'^^T'' ^^ '^'^-"l-tates auctun' o 
 niciguae sunt 5. Liinites et pcdites (imidi orant. (5 Cnst.xirs 
 
 wcidunf ^^l^^"tasjud.c.sju«tac«t. 10. MiUtcs judices ha.ii. 
 
 1. Tempests in tlie wintor are groat. 2. A .emnost in tlio kiu,. 
 mer Ks troublesome 3. A l<.ng ^night in the \K^ i" ,^^^^^^ 
 4 1 he inhabitants kiU the sold.ers with .stones. 5. T . t'^!^ 
 k the f.K,t-so d.ers with spears. 0. The wish of the conipani m s 
 just. 7. Ilie horse-soldiers and foot-soldiers iiave swords 8 Tl o 
 guardian of the silver was timid. 0. The boy ha r Jmy sion s 
 10. Ihe kmg has many soldiers and companions. • ^ 
 
 4. Nouns tlio stems of u 
 and the sibilant 8. 
 
 hich end in tlic ]i(|uid8 /, r, 
 
 Sin;,'. 
 
 N.V. Conaiil (»i.), a cnnsul, or O 
 Ace. Consiil-em, a coiinul [ci'iiml 
 Gen. Consul-is, of a roitsitl 
 Dat. Consiil-i, to or I'nr a conml 
 Ahl. Consiil-e, b,j, with, or from 
 a coiitiid. 
 
 I'lur. 
 ConsuI-53, consuls, or conmh 
 Consul-es, ainmtn 
 Consul-um, o/ conxuls ' 
 Consul-ibus, to or f,,r roimuJs 
 Consul-ibus, by, ,rit/,, or from 
 connuh. 
 
 A^.F. Clamor ()».), a xhcmt, or 
 Ace. Clamor-era, a shout [shout 
 Gen. Clamor-Is, of a shout 
 Dat. Clamor-i, to or for a shout 
 All. Ciamor-e, by, with, or from 
 a shout. 
 
 Pb. L. 1. 
 
 2. 
 
 Clamor-es, shouts, or shouts 
 Clamor-es, shouts 
 Clamor-um. (f f^houts 
 Clamor-ibus. to or for shi^vfg 
 Clamor-ibiis, by, with, or from 
 shouts. 
 
 E 
 
[14] 
 
 THIRD DECLENSION. 
 
 hi i 
 
 , 
 
 I ! 
 
 
 Sing. 
 N.V. AnsSr (tw.), a (jodxc, or (joone 
 
 of (I ;/"",s'(^ 
 to or for a ijoone 
 by, loith, or from 
 a goose. 
 
 Acn. Anser-em, 
 Gen. Anser-is, 
 Dal. Anaer-i, 
 Abl. Ans^r-S, 
 
 3. rinr. 
 
 AnsSr-S0, geefe, or gccM 
 Anser-es, (jf'se 
 Anser-um, of tjeese 
 Anser-ibus, to or for (jvem 
 Anser-ibus, by, with, or from 
 tjeene. 
 
 4. 
 
 N. V. Pater, a father, or O father 
 Arc. Patr-em, a fathir 
 (h'.n. Patr-ia, of <i father 
 Dnt. Patr-i, to or for a father 
 Abl. Patr-6, by, with, or frtnn a 
 father. 
 
 Patr-es, fathers, or fathir$ 
 Patr-es, fatherx 
 Patr-um, «/ I'alherx 
 Patr-ibus, to or for fatherif 
 Patr-ibus, /<//, icith, or from 
 fathers 
 
 5. 
 
 N. V. F15b (?».), a flower, or O flower 
 Acn. F16r-em, a flower 
 Gen. Flor-i8, of a flower 
 Vat. F16r-i, to or for a flower 
 Abl. F16r-e, by, with, or from a 
 flower. 
 
 F16r-es, floa\r», or O flowers 
 Flor-es, flowers 
 Flor-um, (ffloa-erx 
 Flor-ibus, to ov for flowers 
 Flor-ibus, by, with, or from 
 flowers. 
 
 Exercise IX. 
 
 1. Puer patrcm ct niutrcm habct. 2. PucUac fratrcs ct hoyoivh 
 habout. 3. Odorea lloriua HUiit varii. 4. Culov lloris est jucuiulns. 
 5. Labor aostatc molcstus est. 6. Calor .solis luolcstus oat. 7. Tota 
 urbs est praeda victoris. 8. Ags^-'i'^^^ <Jt fossae sunt inuuimentti 
 castronun. 9. Clamor luilituni niolostus est. 
 
 1. The father of the jud-^e is just. 2. The iiiother of the soWier is 
 sick. 3. The hostage lias a brother and a sister. 4. The colours of 
 the ilowers are various. 5. The brother gives a tlower to (his) sister. 
 G. The shout of the st)ldiers was great. 7. 'i'ho heat 'A -ihe sun is 
 great. 8. The heat is troublesome iu the suunner. 9. The mounds 
 of the camp are high. 10. The cities are the booty of the soldiers. 
 
 5. Nouns tlio steins of which end in On or on (in). 
 
 1. I'lur. 
 
 Leon-es, lioni<, or Uom 
 
 Sing. 
 iV. V. Leo ()/i.), a lion, or O lion 
 Ace. Leon-em, a lion 
 Gen. Leon-is, (f a Hon 
 Dnt. Lt'6n-I, to ur for a lion 
 dbl. Leon-e, by, n-ith, ov from a 
 lion. 
 
 Leon-es, lions 
 Leon-um, of lions 
 Leon-ibiis, to or for lions 
 Leon-ibiis, hy, trith, or from 
 lions. 
 
 2. 
 
 A'.7.Virgo(/.), a mnhhn, or O 
 
 inaiili n 
 Ace, Virgin-em, a maiden 
 (ren. Virgin-is, of a maiden 
 Dai. Virgin-i, to or for a. tuaiden 
 Abl. Virgin-g, by, u'iih, or from a 
 
 maiden, 
 
 Virgin-es, maidens, or maid- 
 
 <ns 
 Virgin-es, maidens 
 Virgin-um, (;/ maidens 
 Virtrin-ibus, to or for maidens 
 Virgin-ibiis, by, with, or from 
 
 maidens. 
 
 ■1! 
 
CASES AEBANOED AS IN PUBUC SCHOOL PRIMEB. [ 15 ] 
 
 EXKIICI8E X. 
 
 1. Lconc'H Hiint vivlidi. 2. Vir^r.. est (imi.lu. 3. C;ilor niolestus 
 fst iimltiH houiimlnis. 4. Coiuiu'tudo altuni iiatura est. 5, BiTiiio 
 uratuns est ilorliis. G. Pavdiu's a'^rio.lao sunt piilchri. 7. Morw 
 houuinbus curia est. 8. Multitu.h. luorhoniin (.'st iiiliuita. 0. Juuo 
 t-rat dca Uuimvuoruni. 10. Vita hoiiiinilm.s p-ata est. 
 
 1. The lion is stroll^;. 2. TIic luai.loiis arc tiiui.l. :\. Thomulti- 
 tiuie of men is mtinite. 4. The suMier kills the li..i, with a swor.l. 
 o. llio lather giveH a peaojek to the maiden. (). The heat is 
 troublesome. 7. The heat in antunm is injurious t., men M The 
 discourses of the orators were learned. I). '.Jano and Minerva weiv 
 goddesses of the Romans. 10. 'J'he i)eacock was sacred to Juno. 
 
 II. Stems endino in I. 
 
 •SinK. I. n„r 
 
 Host-es, fucinivi*, or O Liicinitc 
 Host-OS, enciiim 
 Host-Ium, of cn(;mu'.-< 
 Host-ibiij, fo or fnr enemies 
 Ho8t-ibu8, hy, ii'ith, or from. 
 I tiiK lilies. 
 
 Nomiiiativu in e aud aro thus 
 
 N.V. Host-Is (o.), on eni'ini/, or O 
 Ace. Host-em, an <-/;<jm// [enemy 
 Gen. Host-is, of an enemy 
 Bat. Host-I, to or fur ail enemy 
 All. HoHt-§, by, with, or from 
 an enemy. 
 
 Some stems in i Lavo the 
 (leclin<^,cl : — 
 
 iST.F. Nub-es (/.), a rloud, or O 
 Ago. Nub-em, a cloud [cloud 
 
 Gen. Nub-is, of a cloud 
 Dal. Nub-i, to or far a cloud 
 All. Nub-6, by, tcith, or from a 
 cloud. 
 
 2. 
 
 NQb-ea, <loud.t, or O clouds 
 Niib-ea, ehmdi 
 Nub-iura, of elnu(h 
 Nub-ibus, /'(* ovfir eliudu 
 Nub-ibiis, by, with, or f rout clouds 
 
 Exercise XI. 
 
 1. Gives a-ros et hortos hal.ent. 2. Rex civilms iiraemia dat 
 
 6. Nubcs atrae sunt causa temi.estatum. 1. liunes sunt durae 
 o. Urbs turres alfas habet. (J. Chides h.isii.un ma. .la emt. 
 
 7. Uassis Romana duces peritos habet. 8. A'all.s hostibus notae 
 eraut. J. (jraecia valles angustas habet. 10. \irgu i)ulchram 
 vestem habet. 
 
 1. The citizens were tinnd. 2. The vallev> are known to the 
 citizens. 3. The mother gives a garment to the maiden. 4. The 
 citizens kill the enemies with swords, f,. The rocks arc known 
 to the citizens. G. The valleys of Greece are narrow. 7. The 
 Roman tleet has a skilful leader. 8. The maidens have beautiful 
 garments. D. 1 n^ slaughler of tiio soldiers was great. 10. The 
 leaders ol the oucmies were skilful. 
 
 £2 
 
ridj 
 
 THIRD DECLENBIOlf. 
 
 1 11 
 
 li. Neuter Noana. 
 I. Stemh endino in a Consonant. 
 
 Nouns tlio stoius of which cud in n, r, «, t. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 A'. V.A. Nomen, a name, or O 
 Gen, Ndmin-T'i, of a mime [nmno 
 Dat. N6min-i, /<> or /Vk- a n<tinf 
 All. Nomin-e, /;//, /r//A, ov ffu.n 
 a name. 
 
 1. I'lur. 
 
 N6mln-a, iKimcf, or nnnie$ 
 Nomln-um, r;/' ntnnii* 
 Norain-Ibus, (<> or/o/' hiuikh 
 Nomiu-ibus, /■//, »•///«, or /;o»» 
 
 J ' ' 
 
 if :' 
 II 
 
 .V. K.il. Fulgur, liiihtnhiii, or 
 
 IhlJiliiimj 
 (ten. Fulgur-ia, of liijlilniii'i 
 Dat. Fulgur-i, ioorjur liijIilniiKj 
 Ahl. Fulgur-6, hy, with, nr from 
 liylitniiiij. 
 
 Fulgur-a. li'jhtitings, or O liyht- 
 
 iiimjK 
 Fulgur-um, (f li(jlitninri» 
 Fulgur-ibua, to tn fur liijliliu'ngn 
 Fulgur-Ibus, III/, irith, or from 
 
 liijlitnin(j8. 
 
 i'' 
 
 -M 
 
 S.V.A. Criis, n Irg, or O leg 
 lien. Crur-is, of a leg 
 Ihit Crur-i, to or for a hg 
 Abl. Crur-6, hy, mth, or from a 
 leg. 
 
 Crur-&, h'gx, nr O legs 
 Crur-um, of hijx 
 Crur-Ibus, to or for legs 
 Crur-ibus, hi/, irHlt, or from legs 
 
 4. 
 
 SLV.A. Opus, a H'orlt, or work 
 lien. 6per-is, <f <i mirk 
 Dat. 6per-i, to or for a icork 
 All. 5per-5, Juj, with, or from a 
 icork. 
 
 Opei-a, irorkx, or works 
 6por-uin, (f ivurkit 
 6per-ibus, to ov for worki* 
 Oper-ibuB, Juj, with, or from leorkn. 
 
 AT. V. A . Corpus, a Imhj, or hniJy Corpor-a, 
 
 lien. Corp6r-is, (f o Ixxh/ Corp6r-i;in, 
 
 Dat. Corp6r-i, /,» or fur a liodij Corpor-ibus, 
 
 .\hl. Corp6r-e, hi/, ir'ilh.m- frdm Corpor-ibus, 
 
 (I liinJi/. 
 
 h<iiJii'if, or hollies 
 of tnnJii'X 
 to or for hoilies 
 hi/, with, or from 
 hod!''''. 
 
 I 
 
 S.V.A. Caput, n head, or head 
 Gen. Capit-is, o/ (e h <id 
 Ditt. Capit-i, /" or fir n hnid 
 Abl. Capit-e, hi/, with, or from 
 a head. 
 
 Cap!t-a, hrddx, or heodti 
 Caplt-um, (*/■ lii'oiln 
 Capit-ibus, to nv for hnnh 
 Capit-ibus, '<//, with, or from 
 headit. 
 
 II. Stems ending in I. 
 T]io Nominative in c, at, ar. 
 
 Siiip. 
 }J. V.A. Mar-e, thi' Km, or sea 
 Ge7i. Mar-is, of the m a 
 Dat. Uar-I, tr. or for the fat 
 Abl. Mar-i, ly, with, or from 
 the sea. 
 
 1. PUir. 
 
 iWr-ia. srnx, or O seas 
 Mcir-ium, of sros 
 Mar-ibus, to <n- for seas 
 Mar-ibus, by, with, or from 
 
 ' seaa. 
 
ne« 
 
 ram 
 
 Uijhi- 
 
 /rum 
 
 CIJH 
 
 icurku. 
 
 dies 
 
 from 
 
 vm 
 
 )m 
 
 CASKS AEKANOED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER [ 17 J 
 
 A^.K^.Anlm&l, 
 
 ant. 
 /hit. 
 Ml. 
 
 siiiR. 2. 
 
 an (tiiiiunl, or , Anlmai-Ia, 
 (t iiiiiiiiitl 
 
 Anlm&l-\s, o/itn oiiimnl Anlmai-Inm, 
 
 A.nlmA\-l,ti)i\r/i)i(iuiniiiiinf | AuTmfil-ibus, 
 
 Anlmfil-i, lii/,irilli,i>v /n>iit ! Animftl-ihriM. 
 nil It II i mill. 
 
 M. V.A. Caloar, n «im)\ or (> ttpur 
 aien. Caloar-l8, n/ a upar 
 Jiiit. Calcar-I, to (\r jhr a Hjmr 
 Aid. Calcar-I, hi/, /r/7/», nr from 
 u npiir. 
 
 8. 
 
 Calcar IR, 
 Calcar-^j! 
 Calcar-Ib-, 
 Calcar-Ib'U. , 
 
 I'liir. 
 
 aiiiniah, or O ani- 
 
 inah 
 of itnivKih 
 to ot for oiiiinnh 
 l>ij, irith, iir from 
 
 •tni'iiuiLi. 
 
 "I'l «, or O spurs 
 of ' ■mrn 
 '.'. IV fur spurs 
 l>y, irith, or from 
 »pnns. 
 
 EXEHOISE XII. 
 
 o 4"r}' ^V"^'-'" <^''^'tliH^Mnis clanun crut. 2. Litora orant anmista. 
 i. Klci-liaiiti lua-iia ciipita ct i-arva crura liabcnt. 4. Balaonao 
 parva ora hahciit. 5. Ful-nr est rai.i.luni. <;. Opus est durum 
 et moh'stuin. 7. Ira causa mult..runi scrlcrum est. H. Juno an- 
 tiquis tomporiliuscratdfa. l>. Sidera luvutis grata sunt. 10 Fri.'us 
 liionio est mok'stuni. ^ ' 
 
 1. The name of (Jiccro is renowned. 2. Tlie works of Cicero 
 are renowned. 3. Elepliants have a strong body. 4. The lees 
 of elephants are small. f,. The mouths Of whales are small. 
 0. Elephants have great heads and small eyes. 7. The crimes 
 are known t.. the judge. H. The eld is tnml.lcsome U. the maiden 
 y. i he tnue ui the year is pleasant. 10. The shore is wide. 
 
 B.~l. Maria sunt donneilia piseium. 2. Calcaria sunt decaa 
 cquitis 3 Litura maris sunt magna. 4. Nautae retia habent. 
 5. \ectigalia sunt n.agiia. (i. (franien aniiualibus gratum erat. 
 7. Lalcana e(|uitis sunt nova. H. Maria sunt profunda. 9. Genera 
 ammahum sunt yaria. 10. E.iuites auiea calcaria habent. 
 
 1. 1 he sea IS deep. 2. The shores o', the seas are high. 3. The 
 deep seajs the abode of fishes. 4. The nets of the sailors are 
 golden. 0. Ihe kmg gives golden nets to the .sailurs. 6. The 
 spurs of the horse-soldier are golden. 7. The king gives a golden 
 spur to the horse-soldier. H. The anin.al is sWng. l.M^l 
 anmials are strong. 10. The tax is troublesome. ^ 
 
 Nouns of Third Declension, and Adjectives op First and 
 
 bKCOND Declensions, dkclined tooetiieb. 
 
 1. Magnufl Dux,— « great leader. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Noni. Magniis dux 
 Voc. Magne dux 
 Ace. Magnum diioem 
 Gt::. Magal ducis 
 Dat. Maguo duci 
 .ill. Mag^o duoe 
 
 Plur. 
 
 Magnl duces 
 Magni diices 
 Magnoa diices 
 Magnorum ducum 
 Magnis ducibus 
 MagniB ducibiiB, 
 
r 
 
 ; 
 
 F 
 
 I - 
 
 If: 
 
 f|i! 
 
 [18] 
 
 THIRD DECLENSION. 
 
 2. Bona Mater, — a good mother. 
 
 
 Si UK. 
 
 riur. 
 
 N.V. 
 
 Bona mater 
 
 Bonae matrea 
 
 Ace 
 
 Bonam nuitrcm 
 
 Bonas matres 
 
 Cun. 
 
 Eonae matris 
 
 Bonarum matrum 
 
 Dnt. 
 
 Bonac matri 
 
 Bonis matribus 
 
 All. 
 
 Bona matre 
 
 Bonis matribus, 
 
 3. Rapidum Fluinon, — a rapid river. 
 
 N.V. A. Rapidum flumen 
 Gen. Rapidi fluminis 
 Dnt. Rapido flumini 
 All. Rapido flumine 
 
 RtlpIdS flumina 
 Rapidorura fluralnnm 
 Rapidis fluminibus 
 Rapidis fluminibus. 
 
 VITI. — Adjectives of the Third J )EciiENSiON. 
 
 I. Adjectivks of Tiikek Tkiiminations ond in er, ris, r6, 
 and aro declined like Nouns of the Third Declension. Thoy 
 have three terminations in the Nominative and Vocative 
 Sin<^ular only: us, aeer, acris, Ticre, sharp; celor, celeris, 
 ceJoro, sicift. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 
 Plu 
 
 r. 
 
 M. F. 
 
 N. 
 
 RL nnd F. 
 
 N. 
 
 N.V. Acer acris 
 
 acre 
 
 Acres 
 
 acria 
 
 Ace. Acrem acrera 
 
 acre 
 
 Acres 
 
 acria 
 
 Gen. Acris acris 
 
 acris 
 
 Acrium 
 
 acrium 
 
 Dat. Aori acri 
 
 acri 
 
 Acrlbus 
 
 aoribila 
 
 ML Acri acri 
 
 acri 
 
 Acrlbus 
 
 acrlbus 
 
 II. Adjectivks 01' Two Terminations aro declined like 
 Nouns of the Third Declension. They have two termina- 
 tions in tho Nominative, Vocative, and Acoiisativo only. 
 Thoy inclndo — 
 
 1. Adjectives ending in is : as, tristis (maac, and 
 
 fcm.\ triste (jicut.'), sad. 
 
 2. Comparatives, ending in i6r, ids : as, meKor 
 
 (luasc. and fcm.'), meliiis (;neut.'), better. 
 
 Slug. 
 
 1. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 M. and F. 
 
 N. 
 
 M. and V. 
 
 N, 
 
 N.V. Trist-is 
 
 trist-e 
 
 Trist-es 
 
 trist-I& 
 
 Ace. Trist-em 
 
 trist-6 
 
 Trist-es 
 
 trist-I& 
 
 Gen. Trist-is 
 
 trist-is 
 
 Trist-Ium 
 
 trist-ium 
 
 :Dat. Trist-i 
 
 trist-i 
 
 Trist-ibus 
 
 trist-ibiis 
 
 Abl Trist-I 
 
 trist-i 
 
 2 
 
 melius 
 
 Trist-Ibiis 
 
 trist-ibiis 
 
 N.V. MeliSr 
 
 MglT3r-g8 
 
 mgli3r-& 
 
 Ace. Melior-em 
 
 meliiis 
 
 Me] or-es 
 
 m«Jl6r-& 
 
 Gen. Melior-is 
 
 melior-is 
 
 Meli5r-um 
 
 melior-um 
 
 Dnt. Melior-i 
 
 melior-i 
 
 Melior-ibiis 
 
 melior-IbuB 
 
 All. Melior-c or I 
 
 meiior-o or i 
 
 MeUorTbiis 
 
 meli5r-ibus 
 
CASES ARRANGED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 19 ] 
 
 ITT. Adjhotivks of Onk Tkumination aro of various 
 eiulin;;'H and (Inclined like Xoiuis of the Third DcclcuBion : 
 as, ivh\,J'oriun(ite ; prudeiis, j>jvu7t!»<. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 lur. 
 
 M. lUKl F. 
 
 N. 
 
 1\!. niKl i*'. 
 
 N. 
 
 A^ F.Felix 
 
 felix 
 
 Felic-es 
 
 felic-ii 
 
 Ace. Felic-em 
 
 felix 
 
 Felic-53 
 
 felic-i^ 
 
 Gen. Felic-is 
 
 felic-is 
 
 Felic-ium 
 
 folic-ium 
 
 ])af. Felic-i 
 
 felic-i 
 
 Felic-ibiis 
 
 felTc-ibus 
 
 Ail. Felic-i or fi 
 
 folic-i or e 
 
 2 
 prudens 
 
 Felic-ibus 
 
 felic-ibuB 
 
 N. V. Prudens 
 
 Prudent-es 
 
 prudent-ia 
 
 Aco. Prudont-em 
 
 prudens 
 
 Prudent-c? 
 
 prudent-ia 
 
 Gen. Prudent-is 
 
 prudent-is 
 
 Prudent-ium 
 
 prudent-ium 
 
 l)at. Prudent-i 
 
 prudont-i 
 
 Prudcnt-ibua 
 
 prudent-ibu3 
 
 AIjI Prudeut-iore 
 
 prudent-I or 8 
 
 Pruaent-ibus 
 
 prudent-ibiis 
 
 Adjectives oi-' Tiiiiii) Declenskiv, decline!) with Noin.s of Fiust, 
 Heconi), and TiiiKD Declensions. 
 1. Celeris Sagitta, — a sirij't nrrow. 
 SiiiK. I'lur. 
 
 N.V. Celeris sagitta 
 Ace. jclerem sagittam 
 Gen. Celeris sagittae 
 Jhit. Celeri sagittao 
 Ahl. Celeri sagitta 
 
 Celeres sagittae 
 Celeres sagittas 
 Celerum sngittarum 
 Celeribus sagittia 
 Celeribus sagittis 
 
 2. Triste Proeliura, — a m<l Jiattle. 
 
 N.A.V. Triste proelium 
 Gen. Tri'stis proelii 
 I)(it. Tristi proelio 
 All. Tristi proelio 
 
 N.V. Felix homo 
 Ace. Felicem hominom 
 Gen. Felicis hominis 
 Ikif. Felici homini 
 All. Felici ur e homine 
 
 Tristia proelia 
 Tristium proeliorum 
 Tristibiis proeliis 
 Tristibus proeliis 
 
 3. Felix Homo, — a happy man. 
 
 Felices homines 
 Felices homines 
 Felicium hominum 
 Felicibus homiuibus 
 Felicibus hominibus 
 
 PLXEIICISE Xlll. 
 
 A. — 1. Tra furor brcvis est. 2. Ira inilituni orat acris. 3. Via 
 est fa':ilis. 4. Omne iuitium est ditlicilo. 5. Lcifcs honiiuibus 
 utiles sunt. G. Vulnus militis est Icvo. 7. Caniicn est dulce. 
 8. Naves liostium sunt celeres. i). Tcinpua humanao vitae brovo 
 est. 10. Ilex civcs fideles haliet. 
 
 1. The soldiers have sharp arms. 2. The arrow is swift. 3. Lalx)ur 
 is easy in the winter. 4. Labour is (lithcnlt in tlio suinnier. 5. Arms 
 are useful to soldiers. 0. I'he soldiers have short swonLs. 7. The 
 bej:jinninj; of the son;:!; is (liHieult. 8. The sonj^s are easy. 9, The 
 wuiuais of the soklit;r are li^ht. 10. Tlic arrows are sharp and swift. 
 
[20] 
 
 FOURTH AND FIFTH DECLENSIONS. 
 
 II 
 
 if* 
 
 I* 
 
 II 
 
 B.— 1. Consilinin dueis aiulax ost. 2. Consilia dncis Romnni 
 au.iiicia sunt. S. Tempus pracsons IVlix est. 4. Hc-rnum Per- 
 eaiam crat potciis. .'>. Aiiimalia ripacia sunt .velocia? 6 Vetus 
 vinina est homun. 7. JIcx in-mtoni imn.orum iiiilitnin habet. 
 «. Lcgrs i.nuian.M'um craiit j^racstaiitcs. <). Prnoniia cquitum in- 
 gcutia oraiit. 10. ^^^nnilao viiiuni vcttus lialK'iit. 
 
 prudent animals. 3. The booty of the Romans was immense, 
 r ^'""p /?',"",'"- ''■''" f^"-t""ate. 5. ^J'ho Romans have excollent 
 laws. b. _ 1 lie kiu.t;- .i^ives immense rewards to the soldiers. 7. Lions 
 are rapacious animals. 8. The lather -ives old wine to the boy. 
 J. Ihe present times are fortunate. 10. The Romans arc i)owcrful. 
 
 IX-— The Fourth or U Declension. 
 
 The Xominativo Sinonlar of Mascnlino and Fominino 
 rsouns of the Fourtli Declension ends in us, and of Neuter 
 JNouns m u. 
 
 Sing. 1. 
 
 Ace. Grad-um, a xltp 
 Gen. Grad-us, of a step 
 Ihtt. Grad-ui, to or l'i,r a i^tep 
 ^''' Grad-u, V^//, liith, or from a 
 step. 
 
 Ml 
 
 riur. 
 Grad-us, stejm, or O steps 
 Grad-us, strp^ 
 Grad-iJum, of t^teptt 
 Grad-ibus, to or for steps 
 Grad-ibus, hi/, «•///<, or froiu 
 stc'jis. 
 
 N. V.A. Gen-u («.), a laiee or O laiee 
 Gen. Gen-US, of <i luie 
 Dnt. Gen-u, to or fm- o Iniee 
 All. Gen-u, ly, wllh, or f win 
 (I knee. 
 
 Gen-ua, laiees, or Imees 
 Gen-ftum, of hiwes 
 Gen-ibiis, to or for knees 
 Gen-ibiis, hy, nu'lh, or front 
 
 Note -Some nouns of tho Fourth Dcclcn.sion niako the Dative 
 and Al)lative plurul in -illala; a- acabQs, nrcilbas, portflbtts, 
 venlhils, with a few others. Also, (he Dative Singular ai is 
 sonietuues eontracted into ii : as, gradai, griidu. 
 
 ExKucisr: XIV. 
 
 ^;~^' Qiit'rcus sunt altae. 2. Maims hominibus utiles sunt. 
 6. Visus et auditus sunt utiles hominibus. 4. Acus est acuta. 
 5. Fortus est tutus. (5. Cursus militis erat celer. 7. Arcus 
 bcytharum leves erant. 8. Arcus ct.eh'stis varios colores habet. 
 
 1 'n?"" , "•■* ^''■'^'^ *^"^^'''^- ^^- Cai»ut est sedes omnium sensuum. 
 
 I. 1 lie oak IS useful t< . man. 2. 'J'he city has beautiful harbours. 
 r ,.n ^^y'^'/iiuis have arrows and bows. 4. Tlie neiiUes are shari). 
 r>. Ihe girl has a sharp needle. G. The harbours of the city are 
 sale. 7. Ihe number of the harlxairs is great. 8. Hearing and 
 seeiiig are useful ( pi.) to animals. S). The fruit of fig-trees is sweet. 
 10. I ho soldier kills the lion with (his) hand. 
 
 m 
 
 * 
 
CASES ARRANGED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. 21 ] 
 
 Siiur. 
 
 B. — 1. CoriMia tauri acuta sunt. 2. Mnsister coriiu pucro dat. 
 3. Genua hominibus utilia sunt. 4. Magisfratus sunt Icgum 
 ministri, 5. Ivxcrcilns anna ninmiifica linlict. 0. hnccs oxcrcitus 
 auilaccs irant. 7. Uvx c'([iiifaUnii ]ir«liliituin(|ue* lialicl, 8. V'»- 
 liipias scnsihns ;j;rata est. 1». Oculi sunt iiisfninifiita visui^. 
 10. Aurcs sunt instrunienta auditus, 
 
 1. The knees of cle\)liants are liai.l. 2. The horns of the sta<» 
 are hard. 3. The kinfi;j::fives a beautiful liorn to the soldier. 4. Tlio 
 niagistrates are the guardians of the laws. 5. 'I'lio leader of the 
 cavalry is bold. G. Greece has many harbours. 7. I'lvery (omno) 
 animal has senses. 8. Kyes and ears are the instruments of tlio 
 senses. 9. Sharp needles are useful to women. 10. The leaders 
 of the infantry arc powerful. 
 
 • Qui', and (placed after the word wliich it uiiitep to the preceding). 
 
 X.— The Fifth or E Dect.enhion. 
 
 TheNoniiiiativo Singular of Noiiiin of the Fifth Declen- 
 sion ends in es. 
 
 I'lur. 
 Dl-es, f7rt//.t, or (f dai/s 
 
 Di-es, (hii/K 
 Di-Erum, of'divjs 
 Di-ebus, t(> or for drnja 
 Di-ebiis, /<//. uuth, nvfrom dayg. 
 NoTO.— In Nouns like res, where es is preceded by a Consonant, the 
 
 o Ixeoiues sliort in (ien. and Dat. Sini^'iilar : as. rCi. sik'i. 
 Gkndku.— All Nouns of the Fifth I)c(4.iision are Fennnine except 
 dies, wliieh is eith.r I\laseidine (.r Fennnine in tli(> Singular 
 and always INbiseuiinc in the Plural; and mcrldiea, mfddau 
 which is ahvavs INIasculine. 
 
 Rule 8.— When the A])]ative Case indicuites the place 
 ivhcre, it is used with the rreposition In, in : ass, hoistr.s in 
 planitle erant, the enemies iccre in the plain. See Kulu 7, p. 13. 
 
 ExKiu'isio XV. 
 
 1. Dies sunt screni. 2. Nuna'rus dierum screnorum ■ arvus est. 
 3. Deus est dominus omnium reruni. 4. Dux magnani victoriac 
 9\m\\ habet. 5. Fides servorum rara erat. G. Exereitus in nia<^na 
 planitie erat. 7. In acie midli peiliu^s erant. 8. F.,rtuna est do- 
 m na rerum humanarum. 9. Faeies lilii pulehra erat. 10. Ma<^na 
 est pueri .segnities. " 
 
 1. The nund)er of days is infinite. 2. God is th(> creator of all 
 things. 3. Many things are hurtful to man. 4. The mother gives 
 many things to the girl. 5. In the line-of-battlc were many horse- 
 soldiers. G. The cavalry was in tlu! plain. 7. 'Jhe reward was 
 the beginning of hope. 8. The leaders have great hope of victory. 
 9. The fidelity of sons was rare '"^ "" • >" • 
 is tronhlcsonse, !.n ilw' mo-ther. 
 
 iV.F. Di-es, a (hu/, or O (lay 
 
 Ace. Di-em, a (Jay 
 
 Cell. Di-ei, of a lUiy 
 
 Dat, Di-el, in or for a day 
 
 .1 /*/. Di-6, by, vith. or front a day. 
 
 10. The slothfulness of the girl 
 
^: jgar.niiii— II I ina 
 
 [22] 
 
 IRRBGIILAR NOUNS. 
 
 
 t*l 
 
 ' "I 
 
 n 
 
 ii 
 
 XI.— Some Irregular Nouns. 
 Tho following words aro thus duolincd :— 
 DCiifi, m., God. (2 Di'cl.) 
 
 N. V. Deus 
 Aer. Deum 
 Gm. Dei 
 Dat. Deo 
 Abl. Dgo 
 
 I'liir. 
 Dei, Dii, or Di 
 Deos 
 
 Deorum, or Deum 
 Deis, Diis, or Dis 
 Deis, Diis, or Dis 
 
 Duirias,/., rr. //o^sc. (2 anrl 4 Dccl.) 
 
 Domus 
 
 Domum 
 
 Domus 
 
 D6muii 
 
 Domo 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 Domiis 
 
 Domes (rnrf'Iy domiis) 
 
 Domuum, or domorum 
 
 Domibus 
 
 Domibus 
 
 N.B. Tlio form daod is used ouly in tlio soi.so of at home. 
 
 BGs, c, an ox or cow. (3 Decl.) 
 
 Sing. 
 
 A^.F. Bos 
 Acr. Bovem 
 Gen. Bo vis 
 JMt. Bovi 
 All. Bove 
 
 I'lur. 
 
 BSves 
 
 Boves 
 
 Bovum, or boum 
 
 Bobus, w bubus 
 
 Bobiis, or bubiis. 
 
 Vis, /., strength. (3 Duel) 
 
 Sing. 
 Nom. Vis 
 Ace. Vim 
 Gen. wantiiif» 
 J5a<. wautiiiiir 
 All Vi 
 
 Plur. 
 Vires 
 Vires 
 Virium 
 ViribiiB 
 Viribiis 
 
 SCnox, m., an old man. (3 Dcol.) 
 
 '"'i'lR. I'lur. 
 
 Senex Senes 
 
 Senera Senes 
 
 Se.iis Senum 
 
 Soni Senibus 
 
 Seng Senibus 
 
 Jai)Iti5r ( = .Tuv-pIt,i5r, i. e. 
 
 (3 Decl.) the god. 
 
 Siii(.'. 
 
 Jupiter ^ 
 
 Jovem S 
 
 Jovis 
 
 Jovi 
 
 Jove 
 
 patCr), 
 
 a, 
 
 Jusjurajuliim, w., en oath (properly 
 two words, .Tu^, 3 Decl. and ju- 
 randum, 2 Decl.). 
 
 N. V.A. Jusjurandum 
 Gen. JurisjuraudI 
 Ihtt. Jflrijurando 
 Abl. Jiirejurando 
 
 i 
 
 Oh 
 
 5l 
 
 R(s])ul)lrca,/., a commonivealth, a 
 rrjmldic (proi)erly two words, 
 lies, 5 Decl. and publica, 1 
 Decl.). 
 
 Sing. 
 
 N.V. Respublica 
 Ace. Rempublicam 
 Gen. Reipublicae 
 l)(tt. Reipublicae 
 Abl. Republica 
 
 Exercise XVI. 
 
 R f r^* ^' «"iit im"^^»-tales. 2. Jupiter et Ncptunus sunt dii 
 Ilcnianorum. 3. (Juorcus Jovi sacrao crunt. 4. Domus urbis snnt 
 pulchrac. 5 Divitiae magnao in donu. patris sunti 6 1 iVtho 
 sunt 'h "^/«mil>us.iacokuaua sunt. 7. Canes <lomuum oust kcs 
 sunt. 8. Ilommes in donubus sunt, bestiae in silvis. 9 Dis 
 sacrum (!.st monunientum. 10. \Ms tluminis ingens est 
 
 1. M.-n are mortal, the rckIs inunortal. 2. 'I'lu- oak is sacrod 
 to Jupiter. 3. Thunderbolts are the arm. of Jupitc". 4. 'S^ 
 
CASES ARRANGED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 23 ] 
 
 trees arc Kacrcd to thu <f(i(ls. 5. The number of the ^(xls is im- 
 mense. 6. The number of the houses is immense. 7. ('riiere)\vuro 
 immouso riches in tlie liouses of tlie citi/.ens. 8. 'Vl\e monuments 
 are sacred to the j^ods. il. Jupiier has many temples in Italy. 
 10. Oxen have great strength (j'/.). 
 
 B_ — 1, Senex est debilis et aeger. 2. Funera senum et juvcmim 
 sunt multa. 3, Nomcn Cici'ronis scnibus notum est. 4. Boves 
 magnas vires liabent. 5. !Mnjj;na est vis cnui-eientiae. 6. Civis 
 jusjurandum judiei dat.* 7. In republiea Komana sunt multi 
 servi. 8. Kesjniblica Homanorum potens crat. 9. Cornua bovis 
 dura sunt. 10. lioves et eipu in agro sunt. 
 
 1 Tlio strength (jil.) of oxiii is iuunensc, 2. The king gives 
 many oxen to the soldiers. 3. The old-men arc feeble and sick. 
 4. The old-man gives gold and silver to the young-man. 5. ''ho 
 house of tlie old-man is full of riches. 6. Gold and silver are in 
 the houses of the citi/.ens. 7. In the Roman commonwealth were 
 many brave citizens. 8. The friends of the commonwealth were 
 few. 9. The grass is pleasing to the oxen. 10. The fields are 
 sacred to Jupiter. 
 
 * Jusjurandum dat, in English, takes tlie oath. 
 
 XII. — Some Irregular Adjectives, 
 
 The l^dlowiiig words have in tho Gcnilivo Sing, ifis 
 (rarely ius) and in tlio Dative i : — ■ 
 
 Unas, a, urn, one, alune. 
 
 alter, altCi* 
 
 , altCrum 
 
 , one of two ; 
 
 solas, a, nm, ahme. 
 
 ultCr . . 
 
 . . alter, 
 
 the one .... 
 
 totas, a, mu, whide. 
 
 the other. 
 
 
 
 ulhlH, a, um, any. 
 
 aiia.H, aim, 
 
 aiiad, 
 
 one of any 
 
 nullQs, a, um, no, none. 
 
 nnuiher ; 
 
 alias . 
 
 . . . alias, 
 
 ttt(5r, utra, ntrum, irhich of two. 
 
 one . . . 
 
 . another 
 
 ; in pi. eonie, 
 
 uculCr, neuua, neutrum, milker. 
 
 others. 
 
 
 
 For oxauiplo — • 
 
 
 
 
 Sing. 
 
 
 riur. 
 
 
 M. P. . N. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 N. 
 
 N(/in. Un-Gs un-a Qn-um 
 
 5n-I 
 
 fin-ae 
 
 ^v4. 
 
 Ace. Un-um un-am un-um 
 
 Un-os 
 
 an-aa 
 
 tn-l 
 
 Gen. tJn-iufl 
 
 Un-6rum 
 
 tln-ariuu 
 
 an-6rum 
 
 Dat. tJn-I 
 
 ©n-ia 
 
 
 
 Abl. Un-5 un-a Qn-S 
 
 tin-Is 
 
 
 
 Ohs. As to the use of the Plural of unSs, see p. 26. 
 
 The Genitive Singular of altCr is altHrlus, and of allfls is &M», 
 
 Exercise XVII. 
 
 1. Virtits sola dat vcram volui)tatem. 2. Gives Ciceroni uni dant 
 
 honorcm. 3. Utri dat ('/ocs he (jive) laudem? Neutri. 4. Alii 
 
 sunt docti. alii indocti. 5. Alius {(jtn.) vires, alius {gen.) divitiao 
 
 8\Uit magnae. (>. Alter est Uraecius, alter Komanus. 7. Tola vita 
 
%w 
 
 Kkii 
 
 [24] 
 
 COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVE:? 
 
 cu pa,n .lant. |). N.utri .i.at totam luu.l.m. 10. Neutra civiS 
 
 habot laiii':'m ullam 
 
 lYSMstnfhnntu..ns 3. H. w;,s t n.nl.h.snmo to th.IiIht. 4. To 
 u nc -ul-i H- wo d.... h.. s,vo t.l... pmi8<. V 5. Nci!l„"r of the mm 
 lia.s any al)o.lo. (.. Viituo al(.uo j>;iv<?s truo hoTionr.s. 7. Life is 
 trmiblrsmno to no ;,..„i man. H. Houm alono was li.a.l of (all) 
 
 to the citizens, tho (.fiier uas troisMoHome. 
 
 I 
 
 II i 
 
 I * * 
 
 V \ ! 
 
 f I 
 
 1 -1 
 
 ns 
 
 ' If 
 
 XIIT.— CoMPARLsox {})f Adjectives. 
 Adjectives hiivo threo Do-reos of Comparison : Positive 
 Comparative, and Siiijcrlttivo : aB, 
 
 rvsitive. Comparative. Snporlativo. 
 
 Altuts /'/;//'. AltiSr, higher. Aitisslniu^ i '"'f^'"'^'- "'««* %^ 
 , . 'I or very high. 
 
 1 no Loiupurutiyo i« i'nv^nvA by adding wr and tho Super- 
 
 ativo hy a.-]ni.- ...s-r..,^, to rlio PoHitivo, after taking avvay 
 
 tho torminati-)U(»f the Genitive Singular ; as, 
 
 Nom. ''"'"■ ,ion. ^"'""l^- ' Sup. 
 
 ^iSf' ?-*'V ?/•"/'' ^*-^°f' Alt-isiiiraus, 
 
 ^rudena, Prudent-Is, prmhnf. Piudent-Wr, Prddent-issimus. 
 Tho Ctuapav:itivo is declined on p. 18 (mel-ior). The 
 Superlative is declined like bonus, bona, bonum. 
 
 Exci.:moNS-L Adjectives ending in er form tho 
 l5ni)erlativo m rim us : as, 
 
 Posit. 
 Noin. (Jon. 
 
 piilch(5r, pul.i,r-i, , henntifnl, 
 
 libCr, lih(!i'-i, free, 
 
 HcCr, acr-l8, sharp, 
 
 Also vdtilri (r,«,. vCtCr-is), obi, has a Snporlativo, vOtor-rlmas. 
 
 *i"'P^^ f"l!"'^^ing six Adjectives ■ j Hng in ilis form 
 their Superhitivo in limus : as. 
 
 Comp. 
 
 P'.ilchr-Ior, 
 Jilier-Ior, 
 uor-Ior, 
 cOl(5r-Ior, 
 
 Sup. 
 
 pnlcher-rlmils. 
 libcr-rlmas. 
 ficer-rtiuas. 
 ciJlor-iimas. 
 
 Posit. 
 
 ftlcTlIs, 
 
 (liti'lcllls, 
 
 einillls, 
 
 disslmllls, 
 
 graoIlTs, 
 
 difficulty 
 like, 
 nnlihe, 
 thin, 
 low J 
 
 Comp. 
 ftlcll-lor, 
 (lifttcll-lor, 
 slinll-ior, 
 disslinll-lor, 
 giiloil-Ior, 
 hiimii-ior. 
 
 Sup. 
 facil-Ilmas. 
 ditncil-liniQs. 
 slinil-llmas. 
 dissrmil-lImOs. 
 graoil-linuiH. 
 hilmil-liniOfl. 
 
 '^i[ 
 
C?x\SES ABBANOED AS IN FUBLIC SCHOOL FBIMEB. [ 25 ] 
 
 I 
 
 JlJ. Adjectives eiKlin<i; in dicus, ficus, and voliis, form 
 their Coniparutives in entior and their Superlatives in 
 entissimus : as, 
 
 /'osit. Com p. Snp. 
 
 n:-i*ledlci1s, shtnderons, mftlMloeutior, infilt^dTcciitisBlinttH. 
 
 l)i"-iiGrif('ilH, lieiit'Jireiit, boiiCt'Icciitlur, bCMu''t'T('t'iili.shIim1s. 
 
 bCuC'Voli'i,-*, hciifvuhiit, bCiiGvOlnitiur, lK5nC'Vnlfntis>^IiiiQB. 
 
 IV. Adjectives which have a vowel before the teriuina- 
 tiuii us, iiisually form the Couii)arativo hy prelixii\j; the 
 Adverb luagis, more, and (he Superlative by prdixing the 
 Adverb niaxhur', inost : as, nuxius, hiutful ; niay,i« uoxiun. 
 more hurtful ; maxinie noxius, iiiot>l liirlfnl. 
 
 luilEGULAU CoJirAltl^UN. 
 
 rosit. 
 
 
 
 (■olllli. 
 
 Sup. 
 
 buTUIS, 
 
 
 (food, 
 
 lui'litir, 
 
 Optiliuls. 
 
 niilhiB, 
 
 
 had. 
 
 ItC'inr, 
 
 pesslnifla. 
 
 niagnus, 
 
 
 (jirat, 
 
 major, 
 
 maxlnnly. 
 
 I)arvu8, 
 
 
 miall. 
 
 minor. 
 
 muilniils. 
 
 uiultuH, 
 
 
 much. 
 
 plus ( sf'c below), 
 
 pliirlnulB. 
 
 ueqimin ( 
 
 not 
 
 u-urthles8, 
 
 uccpilor, 
 
 lHHiuisblmas. 
 
 dtcliiiL 
 
 0, 
 
 
 
 
 dlveH, 
 
 
 rich. 
 
 dittor, 
 
 ditissTiiiufl. 
 
 sCiiox, 
 
 
 old, 
 
 isCiiIor [nutu uiajni 
 
 ]. [i iitii maxiniilH], 
 
 javCiiia, 
 
 
 young, 
 
 juiil(>r[iiutuiuinui 
 
 j, [natii niluliiuls]. 
 
 HQpOrurt, 
 
 
 upper, 
 
 Biliiorlor, 
 
 i-ui)rr'niil8, slMiuau^ 
 
 iiifCniy, 
 
 
 lower, 
 
 inferior, 
 
 int'Iiailii, iniMH. 
 
 extdrus, 
 
 
 outfide, 
 
 exWrior, 
 
 extrOmas, fxtiniils 
 
 iiili5ruti, 
 
 
 iiim'de, 
 
 interior, 
 
 intiiuuH. 
 
 pobtCruB, 
 
 
 bckindf 
 
 pobt'jriur, 
 
 p(>.strc'mil3, post- 
 rtiufiH. 
 
 — 
 
 
 — 
 
 prior (former), 
 
 prim as (firnt). 
 
 """ 
 
 
 *"" 
 
 l)ropior ^uettrer), 
 
 proximus (nmni't 
 next). 
 
 
 
 SiiiRular. 
 
 ulterior {further), 
 I'lui 
 
 ultlnuli (J'urthtst, 
 last). 
 
 A. 
 
 
 
 Nout. only. 
 
 Masc. ami Fein. 
 
 Xi'Ut. 
 
 (l: Ace.} 
 Gen. Pliiris 
 Did. Pluri 
 Ahl. Plure 
 
 Plura 
 
 Plurium 
 Pluribus 
 Pluribus 
 
 Plures 
 
 Pluriura 
 Pluribus 
 Ph'idbus 
 
 En.i': iK -The KiiiiHsh Avord IIkih after the Comparative 
 
 is translated by the Latin quam (indeclinable). 
 
 EXKUCISK XVIII. 
 A, — 1. Aotate dii s lou^inrcs sunt quam iiocUs. 2. Toni}K)rn 
 hibtTiiu dies Huut bfov"or*>s. 3. Lepui'cs tiiniilioros sunt (nuuu 
 
 cauci). 4. Nuctcs bi vi; ^iiiuvo sunt uostate. 
 
 Konia chuiBbinia 
 
r 
 
 [26] 
 
 NTTMEBAI9. 
 
 I t" 
 
 ni 
 
 i 
 
 II (i 
 
 r I' 
 
 III 
 
 ixirnic.osius est .|nam luliilatio ^''"' '" """citia 
 
 oxcollent than virtuo 5 Tho r t^ • . ^' -^'^t^^'ns is moro 
 very Ion,. 0. Tho l^n.^ ^Cm ,M r^r^'^T^' "^ 
 eaprlo are vory keen. 8 T), . ,uZ ?, • '' ' '"' ''y"^ ^'^ the 
 
 winter. 9. I^ ^ST tin ^tl p 1 ,h •''!" n '" ;^'"''"i^r than in 
 
 „ '*"^ ^"■•"f'"^fi\« to Inondship than tlattcry 
 
 »i..iiiirmao a ■y;;,"*™',t,T",' ,"""";'"°- ,-,•. "'"'" "«'" »••"« 
 
 asjKjrnmi niontes. '- "oium. lU. J n Helvetia sunt 
 
 j.i* '{^^^ scent of flowers is very sweet 2 'Vh. i • 
 
 dimcult. 3. The journev w^^ ^^L\ , ^"^ ^^'"''^^ '« ^ery 
 
 oyes of the vultnr o^ve^y k^e^ ^'iC ^^ ''''^'^'- ^' '''''' 
 and. 6 Th<. «w;(>,.c.f • , ^^- l^^'^^tifi is a very ruTired 
 
 7. Tho tj^f r's:,^ r."* :i:n.i::;' r'^i: "'° *>■■«-'• 
 
 hke (hs) father OlatV wV,. ,• A " ^'^^ •'^"'^ ^^''"^^ ^'^'^Y 
 
 lo^/n «,L™ot t,.!!,;:;?, ;:,•„,: ;„:rr,hrs ..tt-r'^ ^^'"™ 
 
 anii.inlia sunt in i,.ari. 5 (l„iu,. ™ „'i 1, "'"'' "' '"»"'"'" 
 
 mac sunt consuc.udi J'diS i! „ " '^M 1™','"?- '•/"'"''■ 
 quam KDcrata victori'i « J^i,, „i ^- .' ■'^^'-'""'^ t'«t certa iiax 
 
 1. Hatre, is better than flattery. 2 Yv^;"' " ''''''''^'''' ''^' 
 -reatest praise to Cato. 3. Tlie he.t .tto, is '' "-V"'" ^l''^ *'^^ 
 eitizen. 4. The must wiH-.ul ,„ .. i .i "'*^ '^''''"•V''^ ^he best 
 5. No state was o^l^r m^ ^i;;!.^^^ g;,^-^;;;-^ ^xeellent (inen). 
 
 are not always the mo.t ix.werful 7 ^^ ev 'iw tl \^^''^ "'"'^ 
 the m<.st excellent citizens. 8 Verv .'n.n n " ^he honour to 
 Sicily. I). Sicily is a smallerlb,K ^h S-i H^^^^^jr 'ir^'?; ^''f ^ 
 were more learned than the Romans. ^- ^^''^ ^'"^^"'^'^ 
 
 XIV.— The Numerals. 
 
 Cardinal Numerals denote iininlx.i- w;,.., i i , 
 
 as r.nus.o,.; duo, /.o ; trL! ^Jr ""^^^^^ «^ ^-^^^'^^^^^^tely : 
 Iho declension of unns is given on p. 23. 
 Obs. Ihiuti is used iu the Plnml Tx-,-fi, ni i xt 
 
 house: unaeliU(.iu,,o«^';:ilr ■ "' ''""^'' ""'^^ ae.le., o„e 
 
 i 
 
 Ui 
 
CAS£S ARRANGED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIM£B. [ 27 ] 
 
 •I 
 
 Arahic 
 
 UOMAN 
 
 Caudinaw. 
 
 OllDINAI-a. 
 
 SVMBOIJ*. 
 
 Symiioi.s. 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 unus 
 
 priiniH. 
 
 2 
 
 II 
 
 dao 
 
 Bocundiia or altCr. 
 
 8 
 
 III ! 
 
 tres 
 
 tcrtlUB. 
 
 4 
 
 IV 
 
 quiittaSr (quutaor) 
 
 •martuB. 
 
 5 
 
 V 
 
 quiuciiie 
 
 (luiutiiB. 
 
 6 
 
 VI 
 
 Bex 
 
 soxtus. 
 
 7 
 
 VII 
 
 Hoptcm 
 
 soi)tInui3. 
 
 8 
 
 VIII 
 
 octo 
 
 octavua. 
 
 9 
 
 IX 
 
 iiovom 
 
 nrinuH. 
 
 10 
 
 X 
 
 dCcoin 
 
 dCcIniug. 
 
 11 
 
 XI 
 
 iuuli5cira 
 
 luuli^olnma. 
 
 12 
 
 XII 
 
 <liir)(U\*iin 
 
 duodoclnins. 
 
 13 
 
 XIII 
 
 trCdOcira 
 
 tortuis di^clniufl. 
 
 14 
 
 XIV 
 
 quivltuonlCcim 
 
 quiutUH doolmus. 
 
 IS 
 
 XV 
 
 (luindocim 
 
 qnintuH (ioclnius. 
 
 IG 
 
 XVI 
 
 BcdCciin 
 
 BcxtuB dOoiinus. 
 
 17 
 
 XVII 
 
 BoptemdCoiin 
 
 Hoptlmurt d(5clmu8. 
 
 18 
 
 XVIII 
 
 duudeviij;inti 
 
 duodevid'HlniUB. 
 
 19 
 
 XIX 
 
 niiduvigiiiti 
 
 undovicoalmufl. 
 
 20 
 
 XX 
 
 vigiuti 
 
 viceaimuB. 
 
 21 
 
 XXI 
 
 uiiUB et viginti or 
 
 primus ot vict'sIinuB, or 
 
 
 
 viginti uiiUH 
 
 viccsImuB primus. 
 
 22 
 
 XXII 
 
 duu et viginti or 
 
 altor et vicorflmus, or 
 
 
 
 viginti duu 
 
 vicesImuB altor. 
 
 23 
 
 XXIII 
 
 trcs et viginti or 
 
 tcrtlus et vicc'slmus, or 
 
 
 
 viginti tros 
 
 vicoslmus tortlua. 
 
 28 
 
 XXVIII 
 
 duodC'triginta 
 
 du(5detrigr',sImuH, 
 
 29 
 
 XXIX 
 
 nndctrigintii 
 
 undotrigoslmus. 
 
 30 
 
 XXX 
 
 triginta 
 
 trigosImuH. 
 
 40 
 
 XL 
 
 quiuhfiginta 
 
 quadragc'fimurf. 
 
 50 
 
 L 
 
 (luinqurigiuta 
 
 quinquagctilmufl. 
 
 GO 
 
 LX 
 
 isexaginla 
 
 sexugosTmuB. 
 
 70 
 
 LXX 
 
 K('litfuiginta 
 
 fioptilugC'sImus. 
 
 80 
 
 LXXX 
 
 (ictugiiitri 
 
 (ictogosIinuB. 
 
 90 
 
 xo 
 
 nouuginta 
 
 nonagorttmus. 
 
 100 
 
 c 
 
 contain 
 
 contoHlmuB. 
 
 200 
 
 CO 
 
 dilcentl, ao, & 
 
 ducontcslmus. 
 
 300 
 
 ccc 
 
 trC'.'vnti, ac, tl 
 
 trOcontosImus. 
 
 400 
 
 cccc 
 
 qia iringLiiti, ao. fl 
 
 quadringonto.iTnius. 
 
 500 
 
 D or Iq 
 
 •j '.1 agouti, tio, a 
 
 quiiigonto.sImuB. 
 
 600 
 
 DC 
 
 soxconti, ac, & 
 
 HoxoontosImuH. 
 
 700 
 
 Dec 
 
 8ei)tingonti. ao, a. 
 
 BoptingontilijIniUB. 
 
 800 
 
 DCCC 
 
 octinguiiti, ae, a 
 
 octingoiitoHinniH. 
 
 900 
 
 DCCCC 
 
 nongonti, ao, & 
 
 nongontoBimuB. 
 
 1,000 
 
 M or CId 
 
 •illO 
 
 millC'8inuiB. 
 
 2,000 
 
 M3I 
 
 duij millia 
 
 bis luiilr'sTmiiH. 
 
 100,000 
 
 0CC1003 
 
 1 
 
 cuntiim millia 
 
 centioB .^dlohHiiUd. 
 
[28] 
 
 HVMEBAL8. 
 
 M 
 
 ¥4 ■ 
 
 I < 
 
 
 H 
 
 f ! I 
 '/'I 
 
 Duo, two, tiC's, //,rce, aud milli.X, ihousnnds, are ctccHnod as 
 lolluws ; — 
 
 M. p. 
 
 A'bm. Dfi-5 du-ao 
 vlc<;. Du-6s or),- . 
 
 du-6 j'^"-'^" 
 ^rfln. Du-6rum du-arura du-orini 
 Dat. Du-6bu8 du-abus 
 -IW. Du-6bus du-abus 
 
 N. 
 
 dii-8 
 du.5 
 
 du-6bui 
 du-obus 
 
 I M. and F. 
 
 Trcs 
 
 Tres nr tris 
 
 Trium 
 Tribtis 
 Tribua 
 
 N. 
 trii 
 
 tria 
 
 trium 
 tribus 
 tribus 
 
 M1II1& 
 
 Milll& 
 
 MilHum 
 MillibuB 
 Millibus 
 
 0/-S. AiubO, botli, ia (li'cliMcs.l liko dnC. 
 
 Miljo, « //u)«.m;r/, in Jiio Kiiio-ular, is an inaedinuLlo 
 
 fuljcctivo; l.ut nnlliTi, thoasands, in tlio j.lnral, is a 8ub- 
 
 .u!]''?: •^*^' ^'^'^^*"' lioniin.-s, a thousand men; \n\i duo 
 
 luillia lionunnni, two thousand men, literally, two thousands 
 
 oj men. 
 
 Tho Cardinal Numerals from qnattuor, four, to contum, 
 a hundred, arc indeclinablo. 
 
 Duconti, ao, a, two hundred, and tho following hui drods 
 aro doclined re^-nlarly. * 
 
 Ordmal Numerals denote nuniLors regarded as forming 
 •parts of a series : as, prnnus, >«<; secnndus, or alter, 
 second. Uioy aro deelined re^nilarly as adjectives. 
 
 ExKiici.si.; XIX. 
 
 1. Homo habct nmun us, <luas auivs, ,ln„.. ,culo^ 2. Ma -tor 
 
 puero trcs hl.ros dat. ;}. Stmt (/here are) s.d., im ,nalM, x i^i.^ti vnaua! 
 
 nacv,K.nti p.ra, . nodc-v,,inti cerasa. 4. In ..apitc honnni; scxIigh.S 
 
 t.ia Mint ossa. 5. Li cxcrcitu Alcxaialri Mai-,: \iodecim millia 
 
 tii-mta, contunao sexamnla. H, S.ptoni orant rc-.s Iln,na- 
 ) nuns crat lumnilus, .scriiudus Nuiiia Poniinlins, tcrtin- 
 Ilostdins, .piartns Ancus Martins, ,,uiutns Tarquinins 
 scxtus bcrvms luUms, septiiuus Tarqniiiius Suporhus. (» 
 octavns est auni moiisis. 10. Mani-.nlns oral tri-csinia pais 
 Komanae. ° ^ 
 
 1. The wise- (men) , • aroeco wore seven. 2. Tlic first kin" of 
 Rorno was warhke. 3 n,ey sl.y th. tenth part uf the ,nen 
 4. In a Ivranan le.uinn (tliere) were ten cohorts, thirty manink's 
 s.x^^ cen nr,es 0. They sh.y t.n thonsand n>.n'(,V...) in the l-a;! 
 6. Iho second kni,^ of H,.nu" was jnst and mild. 7. Tlie seventh 
 
 v.'n'?;; T ''"^ •""""* '";^ "''•^■'''■'^- ^- ^" the first month of the 
 yeai (there) are thirty-one days. l». Ron,, has two cnsnls. 10 A 
 
 horr-"oldhM^!* '" ' '^'^""''^^ foot-soldiers (ye..), three hundred 
 • rhe uumlxT ol .oldiers in a legion varied considLrably ut diUmviit ^.orlodB. 
 
 Tullus 
 
 'sens, 
 
 ,asf s 
 
 •giouis 
 
OASES AB&ANOEI) AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL FBDIES. [ 89 
 XV.— The Verb Sum, I am. 
 
 Sum, fill, ; itOriis. eBw6,—to he. Sti-m : 8s-, fu-. 
 VKliH FINITE. 
 
 1 N IJ I A T 1 V K M u u U. 
 
 1. PuEsiiiNT Tense. 
 
 Sing. Sum, 
 £■. 
 lit, 
 
 Sing, firam, 
 fir&t, 
 
 Sing, firo, 
 £ria, 
 £rit, 
 
 Sifig. Fui, 
 FaistI, 
 Fult, 
 
 lam 
 thou art 
 he is. 
 
 riur. Sumiis, 
 Estls, 
 Sunt, 
 
 We are 
 ye are 
 Uuy are. 
 
 I ica$ 
 Hutu wast 
 he was. 
 
 2. Imperfect Tense. 
 
 Vlur. fir.'mtta. We were 
 fir&tls, ye were 
 £rant, tltey were, 
 
 3. FuTTRK- Simile Tense. 
 
 / shall he 
 ih ifilt he 
 I .. I be 
 
 riur. firlmfia, We »han be 
 firltis, ye nil I lie 
 £runt, they will be. 
 
 Perfeot Tknse. 
 
 / have hi /», or 
 
 I was 
 thou hanf hi'i n, or 
 
 Ihou icdxf 
 he has be.^:n, or 
 
 he was. 
 
 Plur. Fulmiis, We have heen, or 
 ice were 
 Fuistis, ye hare been, or 
 
 ye were 
 Fuerunt ) thy have been, or 
 or fuOrS i Vity were. 
 
 Sing. FuSram, I had been 
 
 Fueras, thou hniht been 
 Fuerat, hr had been. 
 
 5. Pluperfect Tensk. 
 
 riur. FuSramtls, We had been 
 Fuenitis, ye had been 
 Fuerant, they Jiad been. 
 
 Sing. Fuero, 
 Fueria, 
 Fuerit, 
 
 Sirig. £s, 
 
 Sing. Esto, 
 Estd, 
 
 Pr. L. I. 
 
 C. Frix^RE- Perfect Tense. 
 
 I Khnll have been Plur. Fuerimua, Wc><h<iHhavel>een 
 
 Fueritis, ye will har- been 
 Fueri at, they will haoe bein 
 
 thou wilt have hem 
 he will have hern. 
 
 I M PE R ATI VK MOO (>. 
 
 1. PRE.SENT Tense. 
 Se thou. I Plur. Estg, 
 
 Be ye. 
 
 2. Future Tense. 
 Thou Shalt or must Plur. EstStS, Ye shall or muM 
 
 he 
 Sant5, they nhall or vinst 
 be. 
 
 he 
 he shtll or must he. 
 
[80] 
 
 THE VZBB SUM. 
 
 I'! J 
 
 ' h 
 
 m 
 
 W 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
 
 1. I'REttENT Tense, 
 Sing. Sim, 7 mmj hn Plur, SImtts, We may he 
 
 ■ SIl, thnii miinnf he Sitis, yf may hn 
 
 Sit, he m<(y he. Sint, thry may l>e. 
 
 Ohn. Th(> first and tliinl PornnnH Hinpulur iiiul plural of tho Prostmt 
 Siil)juiH'tivo aru ot'toii uaoil us Impurativoa ; 08, aiut civou juati, 
 let tlui citizens he Junt, 
 
 2. IsirERt'EOT Tknse. 
 
 riur. EsdSmfiB or) ,p. . , - , 
 fSremiis, f ^^^ »»«fl'W 6e 
 
 Eflsetis or) . ,^ , 
 
 Essent or) ., . , . , 
 
 fSrent, ; ''^^^ ^*'J^* ^• 
 
 <Aou mightst he 
 
 Sing. Essem or> ^ .... 
 f5rem, I I^^ghtbe 
 
 Esses or' 
 
 f8re8, 
 Esset o»^ , . , . , 
 
 fSrgt, } ^'^ ""y'** ^• 
 
 3. Peupeot Tense 
 
 Bing. FuSrim, 7 may have been 
 
 FuSrIs, thou mayst haveheen 
 FuSrit, he may have been. 
 
 riur. FaSrimtls, We may have been 
 FuSritls, ye may have been 
 FuSrint, lliey may have been. 
 
 4. Plui'EBFEct Tense. 
 
 Sing. Fuissem, I should 1 , 
 Fuissfis, thou wnuldit , 
 Fuisagt, lie would r"^^' 
 
 Plur. FuissgmliB, We should], 
 
 T?^iiDoSfv» -.„ ,,\nave 
 
 Fuissetis, 
 Fuissent, 
 
 ye tcould 
 theywould\ 
 
 been. 
 
 VERB INFINITE. 
 
 b^FiNiTiVB Present, 
 
 and Imperfect, 
 Infinitive Perkeot, 
 
 and PLurEUFECT, 
 Infinitive Futtike, 
 PABTwiPiiE Future, 
 
 to be. 
 
 Essd, 
 
 EuissS, to have been. 
 
 Futurils ess8, or fSrS, to be about to be. 
 Futuru.i, -a, -um, about to he. 
 
 Note.— A vowol before nnotlior vowol is usually short, and will 
 tlioroforo in future not always bo marked. 
 
 Obs. Fitilriis may be conjugated witli all tho tenses of sum : as, 
 raturas sum, I am about to be; fttturtts Cram, I was about to be. 
 
 Exercise XX. 
 The Verb Sum. — Indicative Mood. 
 
 A "^^'T^'^^""^ ^■''''^'^^" ^- -^^ *"'^^^^- ^- ^°" diligens fuisti, Tito. 
 4. Probi fihi gauaium patris eruut. 5. Opera tua multis hominibus 
 erunt utilia. 6. Dux vester ero : victores eriniua. 7. Si contonti 
 eritis, pauperes non oritis. 8. Multi erunt pauperes, qui (who) 
 divites fueranfc. 9. Gives urbis liborao sumus. 10. Custodes 
 miserac puellae fuistia. 
 X. We are joyful. 2. Ye aro sad. 3. I am a Roman citizen. 
 
OASES ARRANGED AS IN PTJBLiC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 31 ] 
 
 rosont 
 juati, 
 
 hi be 
 be 
 iht be. 
 
 ebeen 
 e been 
 ibeen. 
 
 have 
 been. 
 
 will 
 
 : aa, 
 to be, 
 
 Tito. 
 libus 
 tonti 
 who) 
 odes 
 
 izen. 
 
 4. The contented (/»/.) arc alway-s joyful ; tho rich (pi.) aro often 
 sad. 5. If yo arc Rood, yc aro rich. 6. If tliou wilt Ixi diligont, 
 thou wilt 1)0 Iciuiicd. 7. Tho wicked nuiu is not I'roo. 8. Thoy 
 hod been unlearned, now they aro learned. 1). Yc will bo rich and 
 free. 10. 'Hw Roman state was renowned. 
 
 Ivipfrntive Mood. 
 B.— 1. Judex cuatoa sevcrus juris esto. 2. Probi csto, pucri, ot 
 felices eritis. 3. Discipuli sunto attenti. 4. Judices justi sunto. 
 
 5. Reipulilieae s.Tius civilnus cara esto. G. Andei fuleles sunto. 
 7. Reges patrca j^atriao sunto. 8. Attenti cste, diseipidi. 9. Con- 
 tenti cstote sorto vestra. 10. Praeceptorum nieniorea csto. 
 
 1. Be diligent, scholara. 2. Praises shall l)o the reward of dili- 
 gence. 3. Be faithful, friends ! 4. The judge must l)e just. 5. They 
 are contented; they shall be rich. 6. There must be no cause of 
 enmity ; wo arc faithful friends. 7. Bo just, bo upright ; thou 
 wilt be successful. 8. Be brave, soldiers ! 9. Let the citizens bo 
 (sint) free, let them be happy ! 10. Tho city shall bo tho booty 
 of the soldiers, _ 
 
 XVI. — Compounds of Sum. 
 Absum, I am absent. 
 
 Adsum, I am present, stand hy, side with, 
 
 Desum, I am wanting, 
 
 Insum, I am in. 
 
 Intorsum, I am among. 
 
 Obsum, I am in the way, am hurtfid to, injure. 
 
 Praosum, I am before, am at the head of. 
 
 Prosum, I am serviceable, do good to. 
 
 Subsum, / am under, or amongst. 
 
 Suporsum, I remain over, survive. 
 All these compounds of Sum are followed by tho Dative 
 Case. They aro conjugated liko Sum, but Prosum takes 
 <l before e : as, 
 
 Indicative. 
 Present. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Pro-sum 
 
 Prod-cs 
 
 Prod-est. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 Prod-eram, 
 &c. 
 
 Infinitive — Present. 
 Prod-esso. 
 
 Pro-sumus 
 Prod-ostis 
 Prd-sunt. 
 Future. 
 Prod-ero 
 
 F2 
 
[38] 
 
 PBONOimS. 
 
 
 If 
 
 EXKUCISE XXI. 
 
 1. Bonis honiijiihus non (lecruntiinHoi. 2. Cicoro reiptiMicae pro- 
 fuit. 3. Lej^ioiiibns Hoiiuuiis dnciis [mu'riieruiit turti's. 4. Alexamlor 
 Maj^nus iDiiltirt proeliis intcit'iiit. 5. Jviuitiua iimltitudo cxercitiii 
 nustro proderit. (!. Miles furtis (ininibns adcrit ptriculis. 7. Variac 
 cui»iditat(!S anitno iiisunt. 8. Fri^iis innllis plaiitis non produ-st. 
 9. Militibus dcerat animus. 10. Auxiliuni nioiun roipublicao nun 
 profuit. 
 
 1. To ;;(«xl nu;n friends arc not wantinj:!. 2. lie was not sorvicc- 
 ablo to the comnionwealtli. 3. A good citizen sidcs-with his native 
 country in the time of dan^'cr. 4. Indolence is hurtful to all men. 
 5. Alexander the Great survived many battles. 6. The general was 
 aniongst his soldiers in the battle. 7. Light is serviceable to all 
 animals, 8. The gi'iieral is-at-the-head-of the army. 9. Anger has 
 been hurtful to many. 10. The soul survives the body. 
 
 XVII.— The Pronouns. 
 
 II 
 
 I 
 
 m 
 I 
 
 Hfil! 
 
 11!' 
 
 I. Personal Pronouns. 
 
 > 1 . Pronoun of ths First Person. 
 
 Norn. Eg5, / K68, we 
 
 Aec. Mg, me Kos, us 
 
 Gen. mf, of me I STostri or nostrum, of us 
 
 Dat. KnU to or fnr me Nolna, to or /or m 
 
 Abl. Mt; by, with, or from me. I Nobis, by, with, or from us. 
 
 2. Pronoun of the Second Person. 
 
 riur. 
 
 Sing. 
 S. V. TfL, thou 
 Ace. Tg, thve 
 Oen. 701, of thee 
 Dat. Tibi, to or for thee 
 Abl. Tfi, by, n-ilh, or from thee. 
 
 Vos, ye 
 
 VOS, y(„t 
 
 Vestrl or vestrum, of you 
 Vobis, to or for you 
 
 Vobis, by, with, or from you. 
 
 3. Pronoun of the Third Person. 
 
 For tho Pronoun of tlio Tliinl PoiHon, he, she, it, in, oil, id 
 is UHUally employed, (fcieo p. 35.) 
 

 OASES ARBANOED AS IN PTTBUC SCHOOL PRIMEB. [ 33 J 
 
 •0- 
 
 Icr 
 iii 
 ac 
 St. 
 Dn 
 
 c- 
 vo 
 n. 
 as 
 ill 
 lis 
 
 II. RiiFLKcTivE ruuNou:; OF THE TiuitD Pkuson. 
 
 TLo Kclloctivo Pronoun refers to tho Sul»jt'ct of the son- 
 tonuo, and cannot therul'ure liavu a Noniiuativo caso. 
 
 Ace. Se or sesS, 
 Qen. Sul, 
 Dnt. SIbi, 
 Ahl. Be or s§so, 
 
 Siiif?. an I I'liir. 
 hhiifclf, ht'iKilf, Umlf, or ihemndves. 
 of hiiHHii/, litrnilf, H.-itf, f)r ihonxilven. 
 to or for himi^tlf, htr»ih\ Hfilf, or thiniKclvrs. 
 hy or f rum himself, /u'rw//, iti'vlf, or (hnimlves. 
 
 T}iore aro no (list i net reflective forinK in the Ist and 2nd 
 perHouH; tl e dilVerent cmsch of e<jo and tn being used ro- 
 floctivoly : as mei, of myself; tiLi, to thyself, etc. 
 
 Ill, Possessive Pronouns. 
 
 These are formed from the Fii-Kt and Second Porsonal 
 nnu the Third lietleetivo Prououus, and aro doclinod as 
 adjoctivep ; 
 
 N. 
 
 M. 
 
 T&us, 
 faster, 
 
 Vesr.eTt 
 
 P. 
 
 t&a, 
 nostra, 
 vestra, 
 ■tla, 
 
 meam, 
 
 tuura, 
 
 nostrum. 
 
 vcstruin, 
 
 suuni, 
 
 my or ^nine. 
 thij or thine, 
 our, i)vrt>. 
 your, yours, 
 his, her, its, tJudr. 
 
 Exercise XXII. 
 
 1. Ego sum lactus, tu es tristis. 2. Pator milii librinn (kt uti- 
 lem. 3. In nic vi in tu ct in nuhis omnibus est animus immorUvlis. 
 
 4. Piitria mihi carior est (iiuuu vita. .^). Onmia tua cunsilia nobis 
 neta sunt. (i. IVtrentos vohis cari simto. 7. Mcmores sumus tui. 
 3. Amicus mcuior est vestri, 9. Mcmoria vcstri nobis grata est. 
 iO. Mihi mea vita, tibi tua (vita) cara est. 
 
 1. Thy fath<>r is dear to tb(!c; mine to me. 2. Wisdom and 
 coimscl are ■. anting to you, citizens ! 3. In theo is all our hope 
 and safety, 4. Thy native-land must be ever most dear to thcc. 
 
 5. Thine indolence is-in-tho-way, Titus! 0. A true friend will 
 be with thee in the lime of danger. 7. The memoiv of our works 
 survives us. H. In neither battle was the general amongst hib 
 Koldieis. 9. lie was (Serviceable to his friends ; he was hurtful to 
 his ooemies. 10. To us die victx^iry is joyful, to you it is most- 
 bad. 
 
[34] 
 
 FBONOUNS. 
 
 ■J 
 
 h i 
 
 III '= 
 
 l* 
 
 j! 
 
 IV. Demonstkativp: Puonouns. 
 1. Ilic, haoc, hoc, this (jiear me) ; pi. these. 
 
 
 Sing. 
 
 
 
 riur. 
 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 N. 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 N. 
 
 Norn. Hie 
 
 haeo 
 
 hoo 
 
 HI 
 
 hae 
 
 haeo 
 
 Aco. Huno 
 
 hano 
 
 hoo 
 
 Hos 
 
 has 
 
 haeo 
 
 (fen. Hujus 
 
 
 
 Horum 
 
 harum 
 
 horum 
 
 A»o«. Hulo 
 
 
 
 His 
 
 
 
 Ml. Hoc 
 
 hao 
 
 h5o 
 
 His 
 
 
 
 « 2. Isto, 
 
 ista, istiid 
 
 , that {near yon), that 
 
 of yours ; 
 
 pi. thos 
 
 .Voire. IstS 
 
 ist& 
 
 istiid 
 
 Isti 
 
 istae 
 
 i8t& 
 
 iico. Istum 
 
 istam 
 
 istud 
 
 Istos 
 
 istas 
 
 iBt& 
 
 Gen. Istius 
 
 
 
 Istorum 
 
 istarum 
 
 istorum 
 
 /?a<. Isti 
 
 
 
 Istis 
 
 
 
 ^6i. ista 
 
 lata 
 
 istS 
 
 Istis 
 
 
 
 3. Illo, i 
 
 lla, illud, 
 
 that, that 
 
 yonder; pi. 
 
 those. 
 
 
 Norn. lUS 
 
 ill& 
 
 illiid 
 
 im 
 
 illae 
 
 ill& 
 
 Ace. Ilium 
 
 lllam 
 
 illiid 
 
 nids 
 
 Ulas 
 
 iU& 
 
 r;(?7i. Illios 
 
 
 
 IU5rum 
 
 illarum 
 
 illdrom 
 
 Dat. nil 
 
 
 
 Illis 
 
 
 
 .!&{. 1113 
 
 urn 
 
 ills 
 
 mis 
 
 
 
 Exercise XXIII. 
 
 1. Ilacc carmina Bnavissiiua sunt. 2. Hi montoa altissinii sunt. 
 3. Libcri agrioolaruin illorum diligoiitos fnerimt. 4. Dat tibi ilUui 
 cannon pnlchorrinmra. 5. Ilic pncr industrius est, illo iners. 6. De- 
 mosthenes et Cicero clarissinii oratores i'lierunt ; ille erat QraccuH, 
 hie autem Romanus. 7. Iste amicus vir est oi)timus. 8. Ista 
 auctoritas est maxima. 0. Meinoria harum rerum nobis jucun- 
 dissima est. 10. Nomcn illius poiitae clarissimura est. 
 
 1. These mountains are very high and very rugged. 2, That 
 indolence (of yours) is luu-tful to you (xing.), Titus. 3. The im- 
 mortal soul will survive this mortal Ixwly. 4. That one man has 
 always been hurtful to the commonwealth. 5. The memory of 
 that one day was to (Mcero most delightful. 6. That song (of 
 yours) is to me most pleasant. 7. This my son is careful and in- 
 dustrious. 8. This life (of ours) is short; but that-one (ilia) is 
 immortal. 9. Those hands (of yours) are always busy. 10. Those 
 citi/,ous are serviceable to the couuuonwealth ; those are hurtful. 
 
 ill' 
 
 bii 
 
CAStS AllRANQED AS IN PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. [ 36 ] 
 
 V. Detekminatp:, Kklative, and Intkkuogative 
 Phonouns. 
 
 1. Is, oa, id, ^t', nhe, it, that, rcforriiig to tho former p.art 
 of a Kontouco. 
 
 
 
 Sing. 
 
 
 
 Plur. 
 
 
 
 M. 
 
 F. 
 
 N. 
 
 M, 
 
 F. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nnm. 
 
 ts 
 
 ea 
 
 Id 
 
 n 
 
 eae 
 
 e& 
 
 Arc. 
 
 Bum 
 
 earn 
 
 !d 
 
 E5s 
 
 eas 
 
 e& 
 
 (Si'ii. 
 
 Ejua 
 
 
 
 Eomm 
 
 earum 
 
 eorum 
 
 Ihil. 
 
 E 
 
 
 
 lis or els 
 
 
 
 Ahl. 
 
 £5 
 
 eft 
 
 e5 
 
 lis or oia 
 
 
 
 2. 
 
 Tduiu, ( 
 
 i"i(l('iii, u 
 
 l<'iii, thv smiir. 
 
 
 
 Nom 
 
 Idem 
 
 eadem 
 
 idem 
 
 I idem 
 
 eaedora 
 
 eiidem 
 
 Arc 
 
 Eundem 
 
 eandem 
 
 Idem 
 
 EOsdem 
 
 easdem 
 
 e&dem 
 
 (Sen. 
 
 Ejubdem 
 
 
 
 Eoruadem 
 
 carundem 
 
 eorundei 
 
 Ddt. 
 
 Eidem 
 
 
 
 lisdem or 
 
 eisdem 
 
 
 Ahl 
 
 Eodem 
 
 e&dem 
 
 eodem 
 
 lisdem or 
 
 eisdem 
 
 
 3. 
 
 Ipso, \\ 
 
 s;l, ipHIUil, self, h 
 
 ixiKcJf, herself, itHelf. 
 
 
 Nom 
 
 Ipsg 
 
 ips& 
 
 ipsum 
 
 Ipsi 
 
 ipsae 
 
 ipB& 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Ipsum 
 
 ipsam 
 
 ipsum 
 
 Ipsos 
 
 ipiias 
 
 ipsfl 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Ipsloa 
 
 
 
 Ipsorum 
 
 ipsarmm 
 
 ipsorum 
 
 Dat. 
 
 IpsI 
 
 
 
 Ipsis 
 
 
 
 Ahl 
 
 Ips5 
 
 ipsi 
 
 ipsS 
 
 Ipsis 
 
 
 
 4. 
 
 Rolativo— Qui, 
 
 quae, qn 
 
 o(1, who or 
 
 which. 
 
 
 Som 
 
 Qui 
 
 quae 
 
 quod 
 
 Qui 
 
 quae 
 
 quae 
 
 Ace. 
 
 Quern 
 
 quam 
 
 qu5d 
 
 , Quos 
 
 quas 
 
 quae 
 
 Gen. 
 
 CHJUB 
 
 
 
 ; Quorum 
 
 quariun 
 
 qu5rum 
 
 Dat. 
 
 Cui 
 
 
 
 i Qui bus or 
 
 quis 
 
 
 Ahl 
 
 Qud 
 
 qu& 
 
 qu5 
 
 Quibus or 
 
 quis 
 
 
 5. Interr()*;ativo QiiiH or qui, quao, (jiiul or quod, tchoi 
 which f what i 
 
 Nom. Quia or qui quae quid or qu6d 
 
 Ace. Quern quam quid y/- quod 
 
 Gen. Cujus 
 
 Dat. Cui 
 
 Abl Qu9 qa& qti5 
 
 Qui quae qnae 
 
 Quos quas quae 
 
 Quorum quarum quorum 
 Quibus or quis 
 Quibus or quis 
 
 The forms quis and quid aro uaod by thi^insclvcs, witliont a Noun ; 
 as, Qiils OS? irho art titan f t^uld ost? what in it? Tho 
 forms qui and qu5d iirc UHod iiittrro^^utivoly witli a Noun : a», 
 Qui liumo ^? tclKit man art thuul Quod m&rC, wtiat seat 
 
Kll 
 
 n 
 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 ■ f 
 1: 
 
 
 .i 
 
 
 l-l 
 
 ^ii' 
 
 
 \ 
 
 t 86 ] CASES ARRANGED AS IK PUBLIC SCHOOL PRIMER. 
 
 Rule 10.- Tho Relufivo Proncini iio^rcs with tho Anto- 
 cetk'nf in Goiulcr, Xnml.er, aii<l J\.,son, l.uf nut in (^iso • 
 as, ±,.lix ost rox <inoin .•inn.-s cIvC's laiulunt, Fortunate is the 
 King whom all citizens praise. 
 
 Legit, he, ^hv, it) rmd«. Lggunt, {(hey) nad. 
 
 EXKKCISK XXIV. 
 
 A.— 1. Aiiiicuiu nduni li;il)ct; ci addictus est. 2. Sallustius est 
 c. -^Mutissumis srriptor ; ilk, ,j„s lil.ros lo<rit. 3. Qui a.nico in ,)ori- 
 
 pnsimt 5. Iiw abor nobis uciuidus ost. G. F.>„s mnuium 
 
 tiis^', ""Vv''''^'^'^''^'-^ -^- '• ^l^'li'T i.ars tui ip.sius imm™ 
 tans cht. H .\un minor pujina orat cum mulieribus Cimbrorum 
 quain cum Cmbns ipsis }>. l.U.n -lios .rit initium vitao aeterme. 
 lU. JNoa omnibiu' lioiumibus eadein prosunt. 
 
 • In truiisluting this sentence, bogiu with is v,-rus amicus est. 
 1. IT." has a iaifhful friend; ho will m-vr injure him. 2. Mv 
 hroth,Hun.seH,s a m.xstdt-ant writer. ;{. (Ifo) who ^nves lionouis 
 t<. tlio bad ,H hurtlul to tho state.* 4. Tho wivos of tho Ci br. 
 
 tnr^f. f 1- ^ *'^ ^"'^In, '" ''^"■"'^' ^^ f''« conmumwealth is 
 
 (m n). 8 Domosthoncs himsoll was not always ploasin.' to his 
 C^ owcmx<.ns. ... Ci..oro is a faithful iViond^ 1 mn d;:voled t 
 hnn. 10. Cicoro is a iimst elc.^ant writer ; th.y read his ])ooks. 
 ^- In sentences 3 and G begm with ,.,'. and afterward, use is: sec Latin sentence, 
 
 B.-l. Quis habet exercitum? Quis est dux? 2. Cuius est 
 ccivius:- Cujus sunt ar.na V ;?. Q„ao civitas J.ahet optima -o.c'? 
 4. Quod animal est maximum et vali.lissimum ? r>.' Quoruin ani- 
 malium s,mt vnes n.axiu.a..y o. g^j ,„,.„. pui^u riu I'st? 
 
 SSLt'luam itlc^:^" '' ''""^ ^"-""""^ ''' ^^••-' ^-P- 
 
 _ I. Whieh o.nstellation is the most beautiful? 2. AVhieh vooi 
 
 wtTt;?^ ^S Who is ho? what has ho? 4. W^, .[^eS 
 
 Twi / "^" V'. ''''"""'"^'^ ''« J^i^'^' tl>« J^Toatcst, praise? 
 
 >. Whoso d/rn.suu,.) is tho victory? Whuse 0,r» J^l^^i 
 
 booty? 7. Which tax is the greatest ? S Whirkin'A ^s tL 
 
 KmS' 10- What "'""^! '^ '""^" -^-i-s prud^,^;;,:^ 
 
 ine elephant «» 10. \\ hat animal is m.-n- rapacious than the lion ? 
 
 |iM i 
 
 / 
 
 i-lii 
 
THE VEUB. 
 
 87 
 
 / 
 
 / 
 
 XVIII.— The Verb. 
 
 Latin Vorhs luivo two Voicus : 
 
 I. Active. II. Passive. 
 
 Verbs havo two I'arts : 
 
 I. Finite. II. Infinite. 
 
 I. The Veui5 Finite has Tlircu Moods : 
 
 (:.} The In'imcativk Mood. 
 (2.) The SnuT NCTivic Mood. 
 (3.) Tho Imihuative Mood. 
 
 II. The A'euh Infinite consists of Verl)al Nouns and 
 
 Adjectives : 
 (1.) Tlio Infinitive, which is u Vi'i-lial N< un. 
 (2.) The I'Ainicii'u:, which in a Verbal Ailjeotive. 
 
 9R ir!'" %^^'^^^' \ which uro Veihiil Nouud. 
 (4.) The Geuinp, / 
 
 Verbs havo Six Tenses : 
 
 I. Threo expressin«^ unfinished action : 
 
 rresciit. 
 Inipeifrct. 
 Future Simple. 
 
 II. Three expressing finished action : 
 
 Perfect! 
 riujurfect. 
 Future IVrfect. 
 
 Ohx. Tho Perfect has the nii-auiufi; of both a Present-Perfect and 
 of an ludetiuite-i'ast: thus, aiuavi aif^'iiili'JH, I havi: hml, and 
 / laced, 
 Verl)S havo two Numim:i;s, Siiijj,idar and Pltnal, and 
 three i'Ei!S«)NS in each nuiiilicr. 
 
 Latin Verbs are arranged in four Chis.sos, (-aned Conju- 
 (iATioNS, distinguislied by tlie linal letter of the Stem, 
 wliieh is seen in the Infinitive Active. The Stem of 
 
 Infinitive 
 
 L Tho First Conjugation enda in A : . . . . as, Sma-rC, to love. 
 
 II. Tho Second „ „ E:.. .. nn, mone-TH', to advise. 
 
 faConsonant\ i reg-erd, to rule, 
 
 j '^'^'Uu-frC, to pay. 
 
 III. The Third 
 
 IV. Tho Fourth 
 
 /aConsoi 
 \ orU 
 
 as, audl-rC', to hear. 
 
 The Present Indicative, the l*erfect Indicative, tho ! 're- 
 sent Infinitive, and the Sni)ine are calhjd tho Frinn'pal 
 Parts of the Verb ; because it is necessary to know thoao 
 in order to conjng.ito a Verb. 
 
38 
 
 FIRST CONJUQATION.— ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 1^ 
 
 P 
 
 f 
 III 
 
 11? 
 
 lii 
 
 XIX. — First or A Conjugation. — Active Voice. 
 
 Imo, amSvi, amatum, amare, — ^> love. Stem : &ina-. 
 
 Sing. Xmo, 
 Am-as, 
 Am-^t, 
 
 VKK15 FINITE. 
 
 T N D I C A T I V K MOOD. 
 1. PuKSliNT TkN8K. 
 
 / Joi'p,, or am 
 
 lnu'ng 
 then ti)vcsf, f)r 
 
 art liirinij 
 he /o/'i >•, iir iti 
 
 loiniKj. 
 
 ising. Am-abam, / mix hn-imj 
 
 A m _S \\n a i i, i I .. * 
 
 iJ. iMncunicT Tknsh 
 
 rhir. Am-amfis, We /ore, or are 
 loving 
 
 Am-atis, ye love, or are 
 loving 
 
 Am-ant, thin/ love, or are 
 luring. 
 
 Am-abaa, 
 Am-abat, 
 
 Sing. Am-abo, 
 Am-abia, 
 Am-abit, 
 
 Ikiiii wdKl luring 
 he w'u,s lorinif. 
 
 3. FrTi'iii>SiMi'i,i: 'i'KNsi-:. 
 
 I'hir. Ani-abamfis, We were loving 
 Ara-abatis, ye were loving 
 Am-abant, fhey were loving. 
 
 I Khali lore 
 tltnu irilt love 
 hi' will lore. 
 
 I'htr. Ara-nbimus, We xholl love 
 Am-abitis, ye will love 
 Am-abunt, they will love. 
 
 Sing. A 
 
 m-avl, 
 
 4. riJii-ivT Tkn.sk. 
 / hare lnve,l, or Plur. Am-avimus, We have loved. 
 
 I loreil 
 Am-avisti, thou ha»t loved, 
 
 iir ihouloriiht 
 Am-avit, he hax hrred, or 
 
 he lored. 
 
 Sing. Am-av5ram, / had h,nd 
 Am-averas, thou hoilst Im; d 
 Am-av6rat, he hail Ion d. 
 
 or ive loved 
 Am-avistis, ye have loved, 
 
 or ye loved 
 Am-avorunt, W/j<'j/ ha re loved, 
 or am-avere / or they ha-td. 
 f). Pm'I'kukkct Tkxst:. 
 
 I'hn: Am-averamus, We had loved 
 Am-averatis, ye had loved 
 Am-averant, theyhadloved. 
 
 Sing. Am-avero, / shall). 
 Am-averis, thou wi/tl'""'' 
 Am-averit, he will )''"'''' 
 
 C. FlTfUK-PEHFIXJT TknsK. 
 
 I. 
 
 I'lur. Am-averimiis, We shall] . 
 Am-averitls, ye tm/Hr"* 
 Am-averint, they xcill \ ""'^^• 
 
 Sing. Am-a. 
 
 Sing. Am-ato, 
 Am-ato, 
 
 Love ye. 
 
 IMPERATIVE MOOD. 
 
 Phicsent Tense. 
 Love thou. I rinr. Am-atg, 
 
 Fl'TURE Tl-.NSE. 
 
 f^on .halt or Plur. Am-at6t«, Ye shall or 
 
 - mutt love 
 
 Am-anto, they shall or 
 
 must love 
 shall or 
 must love. 
 
 must love. 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
FIUST CONJITOATION. — ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 39 
 
 i 
 
 BUIUUNCTIVK MOOD.* 
 
 Sing. Am-em, 
 A.m-§8, 
 Am-St, 
 
 7 mdij Ion; 
 fhou tiitiij.it lovo 
 he may love. 
 
 nV innij l(rve 
 yr mny love 
 thfy may love. 
 
 Sing. Xm-&rem, 7 mi[iht love 
 
 Am-ares, tlmu nii<ihtx(h/ve 
 Am-aret, lie miijht lovf. 
 
 8. Am-av6rim, 7 may | ^^^^,^, 
 Am-av£ri8, thou vkvjM^ f j 
 
 Am-avSrit, he way 
 
 1. Present Tknsk. 
 
 riur. Am-gm&8, 
 Am-etlfl, 
 Am-ent, 
 
 2. Imi'Eufeot Tknsk. 
 
 riur. Am-&remii8, UV miijhf lore 
 Am-aretls, t/c iniijht love 
 Am-arent, tiny mhjht hrve. 
 
 :?. Tkufect Ti:nsk. 
 
 r. Ara-av8rimii8, We nurr/j , 
 Ain-av6ritls, yr main , .. , 
 Am-avennt, tiny may] 
 
 I 
 
 4. Pl.lTEUFECT TkNSK. 
 
 iSi. Am-avissem, 7 nhouhl 1 ;. -^ 
 Am-avisses, thou woiiUImI 5 i 
 Am-aviflset, he would j'*'^ 
 
 r. Ara-«vis8cmu.8, Wt I'hotddl ^►^ 
 Am-avi88ctl8, ye wouhl\%^ 
 Am-avis8ent, they would ) '^ -2 
 
 • The 1st and iird I'ersoiiH (if th<^ I'rewiit SuhJuiRtivt' uro dftfii iisiil wllli n kind of 
 Iinporutivc hpiiho ; ^mvm, Ut me low ; &iH(t, kt hint lore; RniOmfw, /ct ut lovt. Con- 
 comlng the traiwlutlon of the .Suljunctlvi' Moud In (^tuerul, eco p. 47. 
 
 VERB INFINITE. 
 
 INFINITIVES. 
 
 PaE8^nnd|j^^.^g^ 
 
 to love. 
 
 Pkuf. andW^.a^.^gg | to hire 
 Plw. / \ lorrd. 
 
 r, f Am-aturiis (to he ahonl 
 
 SUriNKS. 
 
 Am-5tum, to love. 
 Am-&ttl, in loHiig, or to l)e 
 
 lond. 
 
 GERirvn. 
 
 G'(7i. Am-andi, oflmng 
 
 Vat. Am-ando, for loinng 
 
 Arr. Am-andum, loring 
 
 Abl. Am-ando, by loiHiig. 
 
 i'AHIli'lPLES. 
 
 I'UFSEST. Am-ans, -antis, loving. 
 FiTi UK. Am-atiiriiB ,a, urn), «/»<«< 
 to ire. — (^ 
 
 Ohs. Amatflrus iiuiy bo conjiipiited witli uU the tenwa of wnin : as, 
 ftnmturQs riuin, / am ahoiil to love ; ftiiiuturus Cruiii, 7 irng ahont 
 to Uwe, &c. Tliis id called tlio Aetire Viriphraxtic Conjugation. 
 
 Note, — In all tho Perfect Touhos vi and tie may be omitted before 
 « and r ; a«, 
 
 ainaviBti bccomeB ftiiiaHti anii'ivCro becomes 
 
 ftmfivi.'stls „ ilinaslls I Riiiavt^rnm 
 
 llm&vC>runt „ Rnmruiit ; ftrnavl^rini 
 
 but HmttverC does not boconiu 
 litiiarC, which would bo con- 
 fuundetl with the Prcacnt Intin. 
 
 aiia'iviHtium 
 dmiiviHHG 
 
 
 ftnu'iro 
 
 Rniarnra 
 
 Hinurini 
 
 bnuiHSOta 
 
 &miuMC 
 
■L 
 
 ff 
 
 
 '1 
 
 40 SECOND CONJUOATION.—ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 XX.— Second or E Conjuoation.— Active Voice. 
 
 MSneo, monui, monitura, mSnere,— /„ adme. Stem : m5ne-. 
 VEIIU FINITE. 
 
 I N n I C A T I V !■; ]\I o D. 
 1. PUESENT Tknse. 
 
 / nilnW, or am i P. M5n-emus, 
 
 (idrlsiuij 
 thou (tilrx.-nf, or 
 
 (irt mh'initKj 
 he ath-ises, or is 
 
 adrinintj. 
 
 2. bii'EurECT Tense. 
 
 Mon-ebas. thou wn.t a, rising, | Mon-ebatls. ye .ere^JS 
 
 he teas advmn,,. \ Mon-ebant. they wereadZ 
 
 ing. 
 3. FiTruE-SiJiPLE Tense, 
 
 8. M6n-eo, 
 Mon-es, 
 Mon-et, 
 
 MSn-etIs, 
 Mon-ent, 
 
 We advise, or are 
 
 iKltising 
 yii advise, OP are 
 
 advising 
 thry advise, or are 
 
 advising. 
 
 Mon-eb&t, 
 
 8. M5n-ebo, 
 Mon-ebIs, 
 M6n-ebit, 
 
 8. M8n-m, 
 Mon-uiati, 
 Moa-olt, 
 
 I shall advise 
 thou iriJf advise 
 he irill advise. 
 
 I haw advised, or 
 
 I adr/tril 
 
 thou, haxt advised, 
 or adv/snist 
 
 he has advised, or 
 he advised. 
 
 i . Mon-eblmfts, We shall advise 
 
 Mon-ebltls, ye will advise 
 
 Mon-ebuut, they jvill advise. 
 4. PEUFErr Ti-nsic. 
 
 8. Mon-u?ram, 7" had adrisrd 
 
 M6n-uera8, 
 Mon-uerat, 
 
 <S. Mon-uero, 
 Mon-ueria, 
 Mon-ugrit, 
 
 8. MSn-g, 
 
 i'. Mon-uImQs, We have advised, 
 or we advised 
 Mon-uistla, ye have advised, 
 
 or ya advised 
 Mon-uerunt, Uhey have advised, 
 or -uerg, / or they advised. 
 
 5. PLCI-EItFEOT TkNSK. 
 
 P. M6n-u5ramfis, We had advised 
 MSn-ueratis, i/e had advimd 
 Mon-ueraut, they had advised. 
 
 thou liiiiht advised 
 he !iad advisitl. 
 
 I shall 
 thou unit 
 he will 
 
 <!. FiTuuE-PEUFEcrr Tense 
 
 P. Mon-ugrimila, We shdl ) , -e 
 Mon-ugritis, ye ,vill £ -^ 
 Mon-ugrint, they will)'< -^ 
 
 IMPERATIVK MOOD. 
 
 Phesent Tense. 
 Advise thou. I /'. Mon-etg, Advise ye. 
 
 FiTvijE Tense. 
 
 8. MSn-etO, lliou shall or must 
 adnse 
 MSn-eio, h. slmlUtt must advise 
 
 /'. Mgn-etotS, Ye shall or must 
 advise 
 MSn-ento, tliey shall op must 
 iulvise. 
 
 \ 
 
 iiiil; 
 
i;1 
 
 I 
 
 SECOND OON.TUaATrON.—AOTIVE VolOE. 
 
 41 
 
 BUnjUNCTIVE MOOD. 
 1. PUKSKNT TkNSK. 
 
 8. Mon-oam, 
 
 Mon-eas, 
 Mon-eat, 
 
 8. M5n-erem, 
 Mon-eres, 
 Hdn-gr£t, 
 
 I may mh'im 
 
 Ihnu niin/sf iiilrisi' 
 lui may tnln'Ke. 
 
 I'. M6n-eamu8, MV may n,1rhe 
 Mon-eatij, i/, nuty <i,l,i.i,> 
 Mon-eant, iluy may advine. 
 
 I miijht o(lri»<f 
 thou iniijldM advUe 
 he might adcine. 
 
 2. Imi'kufkot Tfvsk. 
 
 /'. M6ii-eremiis, We miqht ndrUe 
 Mon-eretis, »/<■ mufht advice 
 M6n-erent, thaj mujht advise. 
 
 8. M5n-aSrim, 
 Mon-ueris, 
 M6n-u§rit, 
 
 S. MSn-nissem, 
 Mon-uiases, 
 Mdn-uissSt, 
 
 8. Peufect Tknse. 
 
 I'^'^'y ,ht I f • Mon-u6rimiis, W, vxay 
 th,mmnyi^t\z.l \ Mon-ueritls, yo vhw 
 ho may j-^ | Mon-uerint, Uwy may 
 
 4. Pui'EUFKCT Tense. 
 r should 1^-^ i'. Mon-ui88emu8,Trr«ftovW 
 
 — I D j; 
 thiniirouhJM] i •■£ 
 
 he would 
 
 Mon-uissetis, y,- vumld 
 Mon-uissent, 'th,y icould\ 
 
 *« 
 
 <» s 
 
 ;- .« 
 
 VERB INFINITE. 
 
 INFINITIVES. 
 
 Pres. anil)-,x - - 
 Imp. t'l^on-eTC, to advise. 
 
 * tiUP. ) ( (ulriKf'd. 
 
 FUTUBE. /MSn-ItQras r/o h, about 
 { esse, \ to advise. 
 
 OEUUND. 
 
 SUPINES. 
 Mon-itum, to adris,>. 
 
 Mon-itii, in afb-ising, or 
 
 to be advistd. 
 
 Gen. MSn-endi, 
 Dat. Mon-endo, 
 Arr. Mfin-endum, 
 Ail. Mon-endo, 
 
 of ndviKing 
 for adriting 
 adrif^iiKi 
 by adiiKiiKj. 
 
 PARTICIPLES. 
 
 PuESENT. Mon-ens, -entis, advix- 
 
 iii'f. 
 FiTiuE. M6n-ituril8, (a, urn), 
 I about to advixe. \ 
 
 Obs. HLoniMa may bo coiipigatod with all Uw toriBos of bu^^^rh 
 inunltunl. sun. / amahont to adri..-; mu.iltum.s Cram, / mo 
 about to advise, &e. This is callod tho Active Periphrastic Con- 
 
? 
 
 42 
 
 THIRD CONJUGATION. — ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 N; 
 
 I 
 
 ll 
 
 i I 
 
 » i 
 
 XXI.— Third or Consonant and U Conjuqation.- 
 
 AcTivE Voice. 
 
 >/ 
 
 E^go, rexl, rectum, regfirS,— to rule. Stem : rSg-, 
 VERB FINITE. 
 
 I N D I( A 'i' I V E MOOD. 
 
 1. Present Tknse. 
 
 8. R8g-o, 
 
 Elg-lB, 
 
 B8g.It, 
 
 I nilr, or am I ^ 
 thou ruh'st, or art r^ 
 he rules, or is \ g 
 
 /^ Rcg-Imfts, We rule, or are 
 Reg-itla, ye rule, or are 
 R6g-unt, they rule, or are 
 
 2. lAirEHFECT Tense. 
 
 II 
 
 8. HSg-eham, J tpa« ruling 
 R6g-ebas, </jou ?m(t< r((///igf 
 BSg-db&t, he was ndiruj. 
 
 r. Rgg-ebamtls, We were ruling 
 RSg-ebatIs, we imrc, rnliiuj 
 ^tg-ebant, they were ruling. 
 
 8. BSg-am, 
 R6g-58, 
 B8g-8t, 
 
 '•^*1 
 
 8.'Bxai'\, 
 
 Bez-istI, 
 Bez-It, 
 
 </iou wilt rule 
 he will rule. 
 
 ruled * 
 
 Hum haft ruled, or 
 
 tliou ruledxt 
 he h(i8 ruhd, or lie 
 
 rtded. 
 
 8. FuTciiE-SiMrM; Tense. 
 
 I shall rule i K5ij-enius, TTe nhall rule 
 
 Heg-etis, ye will rule 
 E§g-ent, they will rule, 
 
 4. Perfect TjajsE. 
 I have ruled, or / P. Rex-Imiis, TTe have ruled, 
 
 or we ruled 
 Rex-iatls, ye have ruled, or 
 
 ye ruled 
 Rex-erunt or\they have ruled, 
 rex-erg, / or they ruled. 
 
 5. Pltterfect Tense. 
 
 8. Rex-5ram, I had ruled 
 
 Rex-Sras, 
 Eex-er&t, 
 
 8. Eex-gro, 
 Rex-eris, 
 Bex-erIt, 
 
 ihoti hddtif ruled 
 he had ruled. 
 
 r. Rex-gramiis, We had ruled 
 Rex-Sratls, ye had ruled 
 Rex- grant, they had ruled. 
 
 G. Future-Perfect Tense. 
 
 I shall have ruled 
 thou wilt have ruled 
 he will have ruled. 
 
 P. Rex-erimus, TTe shall have ruled 
 Rex-eritis, ye will have ruled 
 Rex-erint, they will have ruled. 
 
 8. Bgg-8, Rule thou 
 
 imperative mood. 
 
 Present Tense. 
 
 I P. Reg-Itg, Rule ye. 
 
 Future Tense. 
 
 8. Rgg-ItO, Thou ithalt or inuM rule 
 Reg-Ito, he shall ur mud rule. 
 
 r. Reg itotg. Ye shall or must rule 
 Reg-unto, they shall or must 
 rule. 
 
 |i ' j 
 
 i 
 

 THIRD CONJITOATTON.— ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 43 
 
 I 
 
 BUBJUNOTIVE MOOD. 
 1. IMtKsr.NT Tknsk. 
 
 8. RJg-am, 
 Eeg-as, 
 Reg-&t, 
 
 S. Bfig-Srem, 
 B2g-6re8, 
 
 B. Bez-Srim, 
 Bez-Sris, 
 Bez-drit, 
 
 S. Bez-iasem, 
 Bez-iaaes, 
 Bez-isaSt, 
 
 / nini) rulf 
 thou niiii/Kt rule 
 hi Duty rule. 
 
 I'. Rf g-amfis, nV' waij rnUt 
 Rog (itis, ;/' '""// '■"/'■ 
 Reg-aut, 'lliiy imiij nil. 
 
 2. iMi'EUh'KCT Tknsk. 
 
 / mujht rule 
 thou ini(j}it*t rule 
 he mitjht rule. 
 
 P. Rfg-eremtls, HV might rule 
 Reg-Sretls, ye might rule 
 Reg-erent, tiny might rule. 
 
 8. Pkhkix't Tense. 
 
 I may 
 
 II _„. I /'. Rex-6rimfis, We may I . 
 ",' , Rex-crillB, ye may "^'^ 
 
 4. Plvi'Ebfect Tense. 
 
 I nhould I , 
 thou wouldnt ] ,, 
 he would iruM. 
 
 P. Rex-isaemQs, We should) , 
 Eex-issetis, ye would) ,^, 
 Rez-iaaent, thtywouldy^'^"' 
 
 VEEB INFINITE. 
 
 INFINITIVES. 
 
 Pbeb. ftnd 
 Imp. 
 
 }BSg-8r§, 
 ^''^r;,r''lBez-ia8g, 
 
 Puip. / 
 
 Future. 
 
 rBeo-tflrtlB 
 \ esaS, 
 
 to rule. 
 
 (to have 
 \ ruled, 
 to he (diout 
 rule. 
 
 (to he 
 \ to r\ 
 
 SUPINES. 
 
 Beo-tum, to rule 
 
 Beo-tH, in ruling, or to he 
 
 ruled. 
 
 GERUND. 
 
 Oen. B8g-endl, 
 Dnt. B8g-end6, 
 Ace. Rgg-endum, 
 Ahl. Beg-end5, 
 
 of ruling 
 for ruling 
 ynling 
 ly ruling. 
 
 particii>lf:s. 
 
 Present. Rgg-ens, -entis, ruling 
 FuTuuii. Roc-turua ; a, um), ahout 
 to rule. 
 
 Ohs. RectQrtlB may bo conjuKutcd with all tho tonsoa of Bum : as, 
 rocturaa buui, I am nhnut to rule ; rcotiinls {iraiii, I wax ahout to 
 rule, &c. This is called tho Active reri^thrasiic Conjugation. 
 
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 2B 
 
 3.2 
 
 3.6 
 
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 44 
 
 FOURTH CONJUGATION. — ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 XXII. — Fourth or I Conjugation. — Active Voice. 
 
 Audio, audlvl, audltum, audire,— /o hrar. Stem ; audi-. 
 VEKI! FINITE. 
 
 IN I) 1 C A T I V V. :M <)() D. 
 
 I. 1'i!i:,si;nt Tknse. 
 
 8. Aud-io, I hear, or am i ? 
 
 Aud-is, thou h( an tit, or artYZ 
 Aud-it, he hears, or ia ] | 
 
 r. Aud-imus, We hear, or are\ ^ 
 Aud-itis, ye h'nv, or are v^ 
 Aud-iunt, ihetj hnir, or are] | 
 
 2. Impeufect Tense. 
 
 S. Aud-iebam, 
 Aud-iebas, 
 Aud-iebat, 
 
 S. Aud-iam, 
 Aud-ies, 
 h ud-iet, 
 
 8. Aud-Ivi, 
 
 Aud-ivistI, 
 / Aud-ivit, 
 
 I was hearing 
 thou xcaM hearing 
 he icas hearing. 
 
 P. Aud-iebamus, We were hearing 
 Aud-iebatis, ye were hearing 
 Aud-iebant, they were hearing. 
 
 3. FUTURE-SIMPUE TeN'SE. 
 
 I shall hear 
 
 thou irilt hear 
 he will hiur. 
 
 r. Aud-iemus, We shall hear 
 Aud-ietis, ije will hear 
 Aud-ient, they will hear. 
 
 4. Perfect Tense. 
 
 / liave heard, or 
 
 / hmnl 
 thou hant heard, 
 
 or thou heardst 
 he has heard, or 
 
 he heard. 
 
 r. Aud-ivimus, We have heard, 
 or we heard 
 Aud-ivistJ8, ye have heard, or 
 
 ye heard 
 Aud-iverunt,y //('// hare heard, 
 or -ivere, / or they heard. 
 
 S. Aud-iveram, I had hmrd 
 Aud-iveras, thou luuht heard 
 Aud-iverat, he had heard. 
 
 5. PLurERFicT Tensk. 
 
 r. Aud-ivcramus, We had heard 
 Aud-iveratis, ye had heard 
 Aud-iverant, 'they had heard. 
 
 8. Aud-Ivero, 
 
 6. FUTrRE-PlCKFECT TeNSE. 
 / shdl 
 
 hare 
 
 Aud-Iveris, than wilt /"""'; 
 Aud-iverit, he will ]'"">'<'' 
 
 r. Aud-iverimus, We shall] 
 
 Aud-ivcritis, ye will /'"'* 
 Aud-iverint, they uwV^ " 
 
 8. Aud-I, 
 
 8. Aud-ito, 
 Aud-Ito, 
 
 IMPERATIVE MO (ID. 
 
 Present Tense. 
 near thmi. | P. Aud-itg, Rear ye. 
 
 FT'TtRE Tense. 
 
 Thou shalt or must 
 
 h((tr 
 he sliidl or must 
 
 hear. 
 
 P. Aud-it6t5, Ye shall or viust 
 hear 
 Aud-iunto, they shidl or must 
 hear. 
 
'-■tmm^ 
 
 FOURTH COnJUQATlON. — ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 45 
 
 B U r. J U N C T I V E MOOD. 
 1. PUKSEVT TliNSK. 
 
 S. Aud-iam, 7 iikii/ hmr 
 Aud-iaa, ilion. inm/st hmr 
 Aad-iat, he may licur. 
 
 r. Aud-iamus, 
 Aud-iiVtis, 
 Aud-iant, 
 
 We may hmr 
 
 ijr lUill/ liciir 
 tluy may hear. 
 
 2. Isii'ioKi'Eirr Tense. 
 
 8. Aud-irem, / ntiijlit hmr 
 Aud-ires, thoa iiiliilit''l hmr 
 Aud-iret, he uiiijhl hmr. 
 
 r. Axid-iremus, ire miijht hear 
 Aud-Iretig, v' '"/;//'/ hi'ar 
 Aud-ireiit, tluy miyht hear 
 
 3. Pkki'Ivt Ti:nse. 
 
 S. Aud-iv2rim, 
 Aud-iveris, 
 Aud-iverit, 
 
 T VKiy I ,j ~ 
 thou uiinjat / ~ ^ 
 he may j '"^ ,^ 
 
 P. Aud-iverimus, We may\^'ri 
 
 Aiid-iveritis, yi' mayVz,^ 
 
 Hiey may]'^ ,< 
 
 S. Aud-ivissem, T i^houhf j ^ -^ 
 Aud-ivisses, thou inmlil-'t >'z ~ 
 Aud-ivi8set, he uuiuld \ ~== r< 
 
 Aud-iverint, 
 
 4. ri.n i:i;fi:it Ti.xsk. 
 
 r. Aiid-iviasemus, Wei^hoiihl] ^ -« 
 Aud-ivissetis, yr u-nultll « 3 
 Aud-ivissent, thi y would] "^ '^' 
 
 VERB INFINITE. 
 
 INFINITIVKS. 
 
 PRES. and) » J - - i J 
 Imp >Aud-ire, to hear 
 
 PicuF. and) « j - • - (fo hnre 
 i>, ,•„ }Aud-ivisEe, { , , 
 
 SUI'INES. 
 
 (Aud-iturus itolntihimf 
 \ esse, I to litar. 
 
 Aud-itum, 
 Aud-itu, 
 
 to h'ur. 
 
 in hxtrinj. or 
 to be hcanl. 
 
 GICllUND. 
 
 Gi'H. Aud-iendi, 
 J)(tf. Aud-icudo, 
 Are. Aud-iendum, 
 AI)L Aud-iendo, 
 
 of Jimriii'j 
 J'"r Jnaring 
 h' (irinij 
 liy htan'mj. 
 
 PAUTK'Il'i.KS. 
 PiiKsioNT. Aud-itns, -entis, 
 
 hi'iuiiiij. 
 Ft 'HUE. Aud-iturus (a, um), 
 
 (ilinitt to hear 
 
 0?w. Auditurus muy 1)o (ioiijii<j;iitoil witli all the tmsi's of sum : as, 
 uuditiinis siiiii. / am afniiit to hiitr : auditiirfis (^raiii, T iron ahoiit 
 to hear, &e. 'I'liis is cullrd tlu' Arfirr I'lrijihro^tie Votijuijation. 
 
 Note.— In all the l'<'rft('t Tdi.si.s r is frt'ciui'iitly (nuittud before e 
 and i. The two ii aro often contmotcd intn / ; as, 
 
 aiidneraiii lieoonie.s aiidlerani 
 
 audivisti becomes I "".f'^^'^'''" 
 audivistis „ 
 
 andivit „ 
 
 andiveriint „ 
 
 aiid.vi'Vd „ 
 
 Tit. L. I 
 
 iidisti 
 uudlistis 
 I or aiidisfTs 
 aiidiit 
 audirTiint 
 Hudiero 
 
 andiveniu 
 auilivisseni 
 
 audivi.ssO 
 
 aiidierim 
 laudlisseni or 
 \ aiidisseni 
 laudiissi:^ or 
 \ aiidissg. 
 
> mmiJt%^zi'TS'timtmnm 
 
 \f M j 
 
 46 
 
 EXERCISES ON THE 
 
 First Conjugation. — Active Voice. 
 
 ml i 
 
 pi 
 III 
 
 'ii 
 
 Exercise XXV. 
 
 The Present, Imperfect, and Future-Simple Tenses, Indicative. 
 
 A. — 1. Ego tc laudabam, tu me vituperabas. 2. Ego te laudabo, 
 tu me vitupcrabis. 3. Bonos seni])er laudabo, iniprobos semper 
 vituperabo. 4. Si virtutem amabitis, oiunes boni vos nmabunt. 
 
 5. IJum nos ])lacidus soinims rccrcabat, vos vigilabatis. G, Quum 
 milites urbem iutrabaiit, onmcs cives timoris ploui eraut. 7. llieme 
 in iirbe habitanius, aestate autcm in liortis lialntabinius. 8. I'robi- 
 tate, non fraudc amicos paral)is. 9. Graeci partem praedae Diis 
 ilabant. 10. Multi homines aediiicant domos, in quibiis non 
 habitabunt. 
 
 1. lie was building a house in the city. 2. I sliall always praise 
 the good ; I shall always fmd-fault-with the bad. 3. The Romans 
 gave the greatest honours to good citizens, 4. By virtue tliey-are- 
 getting to themselves (sihi) % renowned nivme. 5. While the 
 soldiers were refreshing themselves, the enemy (/)/.) were awake. 
 
 6. Wo (7ios) build houses; others will dwell in them. 7. The 
 general Avill give the booty to the soldiers. 8. You (lih)g.) find-fault- 
 with yourself (tt), 1 (do) not find- fan It- with you. D. All i)ersonf 
 praise diligence and honesty. 10. While the citizens were watcb 
 ing, the soldiers were preparing their arms. 
 
 The Perfect, Pluperfect, and Future-Perfect Tenses^ 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 Rule 11. — AVlion two Noiins refer to tlio sarno person 
 or tiling, tlioy are ssaid to bo in Apposition, and aro put in 
 the same case : as, lioniidus rex, lluiuulus, the Icing. 
 
 B. — 1. Ego ambulavi, tu vigilavisti, ventus flavit. 2. Ego 
 ambulavcram, tu vigilaveras, ventus Uaverat. 3. Ego te laudavero, 
 tu me vitujieraveris, frater judicaverit. 4. Praeeeptores meos 
 semper amavi. 5. IJomani Corinthum, opulentam Graeciao urbem, 
 exi)Ugnaverunt. 0. Quum milites iirbem intraverant, omnes oivea 
 timoris pleni erant. 7. Si unum castigaveris centum cmendabis. 
 8. Si animum virtulibus ornavcris, sem})er beatus oris. 9. Quum 
 exercitus urbem o]i]iugi)avit, nos jam omigraveramus. 10. Quum 
 hostes agros vastavorint, urlx'in oppiignabuut. 
 
 1. The Romans assaulted the city. 2. The soldiers laid-waste 
 the lands (a;/ros) and assaidted the city. 3. Cicero, the orator, got 
 ibr himself a renowned name. 4. They had adorned the city (of) 
 
 ^ 
 
 4- 
 
f'iUST CONJUGATION. — ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 4-? 
 
 Ego 
 
 Corinth with most splendid buildings. 5. When the army has (Jut. 
 per/.) laid-waste tho lands, the general will assault tho city. G. 
 When thou hast improved {fi(t. per/.) thy lit'o, thou wilt have 
 gained for thyself ((^/<< we) true praise. 7. 1 have built for myself 
 a splendid house ; 1 have gained very many friends. 8. I have 
 praised you (sukj.), not found-fault-with you (.s'/,vy.). 9. Tl;o army 
 had entered tlie eity and liad laid-waste all (things). 10. If thou 
 hast gained for thyself true friends, thou art happy. 
 
 Note. 
 
 Imperative Mood. 
 -Not in prohibitions is always nb. 
 
 C.— 1. Amato patrom et matrem ! 2. Omnes liomines ama ! 
 3. Mores vestros mutate, aniici ! 4. Diligonter cura, amice, vale- 
 tudinem tuam ! 5. Amate litteras, o pueri ! 0. I)iscii)ulus amato 
 praeceptores ! 7. Laudatnte probos homines, vitui)eratote iuqirobos ! 
 8. Omnes homines amaiito Deum I 9. Ne nomen muta; muta 
 mores. 
 
 1. Enter {pi.), friends! 2. Improve {j)J.) those ill manners 
 of yours,* scholars! 3. my son, love (thy) mother! 4. Change 
 not this law, citizens. 5. P.aise thou the just and good {pJ.)» 
 6. Change not (your) friends. 7. While the soldiers are fighting, 
 the citizens must watch. 8. Good and upright citizens must be at- 
 the-head-of tho commonwealth. 9. Get not to thyself a name by 
 guilt. 
 
 • Translate those-qf-youn, by istos. 
 
 The Subjunctive Mood. 
 
 The Indioativo Mood speaks of a thing without any 
 condition or doubt : as, aeditico doniuin, I am building a 
 house ; liabitalK) in oa, / shall (hcell in it. 
 
 Tho Suhjnnutivc Mood spoaks of a tiling with sonio 
 condition or doubt: as^ [aedll'ico d^mumj ut in oa hi'ihltcm, 
 [I am huiUlinff a h)Hse\ in order that I may dwell in it. Hero 
 there is no doubt about tho act of building ; but whether 
 tho person building will dwell in tho house or not is 
 uncertain, and depends upon circumstances. 
 
 Tho translation of the Subjunctive ]\Iood with may and 
 might is only an approximation to its meaning. Very 
 often it has to be rendered in English by tho corresixmd- 
 ing tense of the Indicative JMood, as in tho whole of 
 Exercise E. 
 
 Note.— Tho Rule for tho eequeuco of tenses in tho Subjunctive 
 Mood is given on p. 'Jo. 
 
 02 
 
48 
 
 EXEKCI8ES ON THE 
 
 
 lit 
 
 »■< 
 
 m 
 
 • 1 
 
 V' » 
 
 Rule 12. — Tho d-njunctions ut, that, in-order-that, and ne, 
 lest, in-onler-that-not, aro coustructod with the Subjunctive 
 Mood. 
 
 TJie Present and Imperfect Tenses, Snhjuncttve. 
 
 D.— 1. LaiKlat puorum, ut litteras amut. 2, Laudavit piierum, 
 ut littt'i-as amarct. 3. Omncs paiviitcs optant, ut filii litteras dili- 
 genter tracteut. 4. Saojie majores iiostri (liniicaveruut, ut patriam 
 suani libcrarcnt. 5. Anio to, ut iiiu riidaines. G. Auiavi to, ut mo 
 rcdamaros. 7. Dux iuquTavit ut niilites stationos suas servarent. 
 8. Ita judicat judex Justus, ut in otuni ro rectam couscientiam 
 sorvet. 9. Ilori aiuhulabara, ut tristem auinium exhilararom. 
 10. Excrcitus iioster puj;uabat, ne urbcm hostes oxpugnarent. 
 
 l.^I often walked in the fields that I nii,L;lit refrosli my mind. 
 2. Who dues nut fight that he may preserve liis country '? 3. They 
 were fighting that they miglit preserve tlicir freedom. 4. Ho 
 chastises tho li(»y in-order-that lie may improve him. 5. He was 
 chastising the boy in-order-that ho might imjirove him. 6. We 
 tight vi-order- that the enemy (})/.) may not (no) lay-waste our lands. 
 'i. The husbandmen were [ireparing arms in-order-that the soldiers 
 migh* not enter their lands, 8. We prepare (our) arms that we 
 may save the city. 9. We often walked in the garden in order that 
 wo might refresh ourselves (nos). 10. We were building and were 
 adi)rning dwelling-places, in-order-that others might dwell in tlicm. 
 
 Rule 13.— Quin is used with tho Subjunctivo Mood after 
 nun dubito, / do not doubt ; nvino diibitat, no one doubts ; 
 (juis dubitat? toho doubts? nun est dubiuni, it is not doubt- 
 ful, or, there is no doubt ; and is transhated in English by 
 that. 
 
 After Buch cxpressiuns as tliosc, tho Subjunctivo must 
 bu translated inio Eno-llsh by tlie curreypondino- tense of 
 the Indicative : as, nemo dubitat quin dt justuni, no one 
 doubts that it is just. 
 
 The Perfect and Plujnrfxt Tenses, Subjunctive. 
 
 E. — 1. Nun dubito, cpiin uiilitos uostri hostes 8U])craverint. 2. 
 Non dubitabain, quin militcs nostri hostes snperavissent. 3. Non 
 dubito, (pun milites nostri hostes superaturi sint.* 4. Quis dubitat, 
 quin Ixmos .semper laudaverimus ? 5. ^'on est dubium, quin fidem' 
 semjier servaveritis. 6. Nemo dubitabat quin hostes urbem ex- 
 pugnavisscnt. 7. Non est dubium, quin inalos semper vitupera- 
 verimus. 8. Nemo dubitabat, quin Hannibal fortissime pugnavisset. 
 
 • 'Ihe reriphragtic (\>njng,>lMi, u.nsistiug of (he iMiture Purticiple in turns with 
 tfco V erb mm, denotes iutentiou or futuvitj. Seo p, M, oiiS. 
 
 |i ! ' 
 
 ■■.A 
 
8E0ONr> OONJT^OATTON. — ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 40 
 
 9. Nou est (lubiuni, quill terror omnium civium animos occupavcrit. 
 lb. Nou onit dubium, quin terror onwium civium animos occu- 
 l^'wisset. 
 
 In thf fnllowinu; Ex(•r(M^u' tlio vcrlw in Ttalioa aro U ho rcndored 
 in Latin by tho corrcspoiiiling Tenses of the Subjunctivo. 
 
 1. Thorc was no doubt that tho enemy h<t(l entered tlio city. 
 2. Thero is no doubt that our soldiers hiu'efowj/it bravely. 3. I do 
 not (U)ubt that ye have always jn-aiscd tho good. 4. There is no 
 doubt that our " (men) overcame the enemy. 5. There was no 
 doubt that i\\cyhad jyrejture/ arms. G. Whodoubts that tho enemy 
 havi' prepared arms V 7. 1 luive no doubt that our s( >ldiers have takeii- 
 by-storm the city. H. Who doubts that our men fowjht bravely ? 
 9. There is no doubt that he has improved his manners. 10. Who 
 doubts that a ;^ood citizen will tigtit (prts. suhj.) lor (pr^ with abl.) 
 his native-land V 
 
 Infinitive Mood and Participles. 
 Kui ,.; 14. — Tho latter of two verbs ih put in tho In 
 finitivo Mood : us, Caesar hostoB superiiro potest, Caesar is 
 able to overcome the enemy. 
 
 Potest, {he, she, it) is able. Po-:.unt, (they) are able. 
 
 P. — 1. Milites urbcm expugnaro possunt. 2. Caesar sibi amicos 
 pararo potest. 3. Naturam mutare diflieile est. 4. Errarc humanum 
 est. 5. Luscinia euutans uuimos nostros delectat. G. llostes ad- 
 ventant expugnaturi urbem nostram. 
 
 1. Caesar is able to take-by-storm tho city, 2. Our (men) are 
 able to overcome the enemy. 3. It is didicult to change bad 
 manners. 4. It is easy to overcome the enennes. 5. The general 
 entered the city, carrying (his) sword. G. They were walking in 
 the garden, singing and atlorning themselves with (lowers. 
 
 Second Conjucation. — Active Voice. 
 
 EXKRCISE XXVI. 
 
 Indicative and Imperative Moods. 
 A. — 1. Ego to nioncbam, tu flebas. 2. Ego te monebo, tu flebis. 
 3. Arbores vero tlorent. 4. Tenipus omnia opera hominuni delet. 
 5. Komani priniis temporibus i)arebant regibus. G. Gaudebam 
 quod tu valebas. 7. Praeccptor gaudebat, quod vos ejus praeceptis 
 parebatis. 8. Tibi placebas, aliis displicebas. 9. Omnes boui 
 legibus divinis semper parebunt. 10. Vires vestras semper exerccte, 
 pueri ! 
 
\K> 
 
 50 
 
 EXERCISES ON THE 
 
 H i 
 
 1. We (nos) shall ro}oxco,you (vos) will wocj). 2. The younf'-man 
 obeys not the law s of the coimiioiuvi'iiitli. S. Weep not, mysons • 
 thccoinmonwealth rejoices. 4. A ^^o.hI kii^is not always i)leasin.' to 
 his citizens, r.. I rejoiee.bminsetlKisfiUeliourishes. G. The same 
 (tlnn.L^s) do not always please the same i)ersons. 7. The common- 
 wealth was nourishing. 8. The good citizens were rcjoicin" ; the 
 bad were weeping. 9. Obey the laws of your country, ciUzeus. 
 10. Iho enemy was destroying the houses. 
 
 B.— 1. Graecia omnibus artibns lloruit. 2. Multum iis debemus 
 qui nos virtutem dornerunt. :{. F..rtes militcs ! laudem mernistis' 
 4. Oantus avium maxiniam nobis pracbiierunt voluptatem. 5. IJonao 
 leges bolonis Athenicnsibus iilaeuerunt. 6. Divitiae mnltis homi- 
 mbus nocuerunt,_ 7. Magistri vos linguam Latinam docuenint. 
 . M^ity'"* ^'^t^«;"'isr.jinpeium c\ius(pieainicos terruerunt. 9. Ilaec 
 civitas dm floruerat, .|nia semper legibus paruerat. 10. Tu nobis 
 nocueras, quia temeritatem tuam non coercueras. 
 
 1. Kashness has often been hurtful to generals. 2. Wo owe very 
 many-things to our parents. 3. Who taught you the Latin language, 
 boy? 4. Curb the tongue; the tongue has been hurtful to vctv 
 many (persons). 5. Cicero exhibited to his (fellow) citizens a 
 memorablo example of integrity. 6. Set (praeheo) a good example 
 to thy (felkny) citizens. 7. Destroy ye not the city, soldiers! 8. 
 boion the Athenian furnished most excellent laws for his (fellow) 
 citizens. 9. That man often curbs Ids tongue. 10. To whom do 
 not the songs of birds afford pleasure ? 
 
 Suhjunciive and Infinitive Moods and Participles. 
 
 C— 1. Curo ut ])ueri corpus exerceam. 2. Curabam ut rueri 
 corpus exercerem. 3. Cura ut pueri corpus exerceas. 4. Curabam 
 ut pueri corpus exerceres. 5. Nemo dubitat quin ego puerum 
 semper bene monuenm. 6. Nemo dubitavit quin ego pueram semper 
 bene monuisseni 7. Non dubito quin dux temeritatem militum 
 coercuerit. 8. Non dubito, quin dux temeritatem militum coerci- 
 turussit. 9._Miscrum est habuisse, ct nihil habere. 10. Bonis 
 placuisse maxima laus est. 
 
 • \-}y^^? ^^^"^**'^ t^^''^t rashness has been hurtful to.generals? 2 It 
 IS dimcult to ciirl) the tongue; it is more difficult to curb an^er 
 6. Ihere is no doubt that to curb anger is most difficult. 4 There 
 IS no doubt that they entered the city weei)ing. 5. To do eood to 
 very many is true glory. (5. That tongue of yours (iste) is destined- 
 to-hurt ifut- J>arQ yourself. 7. I will take care to* set a good 
 example to my ehildren. 8. A son ought to obey (his) father. 9 
 There is no ^ioubt that the laws of Solon were serviceable to the 
 Athenians. 10. Who doubts that anger has hurt very many ? 
 
 Moi^'xn™ ,7/,!m ^ '""^ '''%"* V^^' Siilyunctive. When the Encllsh InflnlMve 
 M.owl cxprtPKe a i>uri,o«f. u muut w tran»iuUU ii. Utb. by ut and the JJi.UJu.ictim 
 
 ^ 
 
TIIIKD CONJUGATION.— ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 51 
 
 2. It 
 
 f^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 Tiuui) CoNJuaATioN.—AcTivK Voice. 
 
 EXKUCISE XXVII. 
 Indicative and Inqwrative Mooda. 
 
 A —1 Oinneiu Ininc mnnaum Deus n-it. 2. Hannibal nia;4- 
 nnmoxcrciUun in ItuUani ducet. '6. bcn.por aicam (luo.l vcruiu est. 
 TDum cio\scrilH.lKUU, tu l.^ebas ct iTater ,mp -at 5. M..;. 
 comHpalHo sue. to^et. (5. llostes adcu mstru.l.an . -. Uiscjo, pu . 
 
 rEcLtm smupJ^ spcctato, l'---Vrt- '"" 10- '1-u c^orcihm 
 fortissimi, urbem t.niphuiuc) ck.oruiu defcndetis. 10. lu .xoicitmn 
 duces, multasqxio urbcs cxpugnabis. 
 
 1 Hannibal will load his army into the Roman territ. ny (aj^ri, jd). 
 2 \Vc were leadin- the army into the K..mau territory. 3 Wo 
 were de ending the^ city and the ten,ples of the ^hIs. 4. 1 was 
 w ShK^ youwrre readh.^ ; (n>y) brotluT ..is pandm^. a. A ^ku 
 dt zen"will never abandon the conunonwealth. '1 he state delends 
 us ?! will cover the bodies of the buys wuh (my) cloak K 
 Tru-n the son>s boys ; (it) is very beautiful (pulrlirr) i). V.rave 
 J;:^;" dJsl^se 'kath^uid dinger. iO. Tell* me {duL), (my) son; 
 what has hurt you V 
 
 ■R— 1 Tarnuinius Friscus Homam urbem muris cinxit. 2 
 Xerxes, Versarum rex, llellesp..ntum ponte junxit. 3. hnpera or 
 ex("i turn duxi,, multas.iue urbes expn;,navit. 4. Cicero multas 
 T)Scherrinir.s orationes scripserat. 5. Cicero conjurationem Cati- 
 nao detoxerat. 6. Bimulac litteras scripsenmus, ambu abimus. 
 7 Incenta^^^ f^'^c ^^'-^-"^ absumpserat 8. CanuUum tn- 
 
 um hantcm albi traxerunt eqni. U. Xerxes, IVrsarum rex, mnu- 
 mmrcopias contraxit. 10. Vix Caesar aciem mstruxcrat, quum 
 hostes in unum locum convolavcrunt. 
 
 1 The fire consumed the third part of the city. 2. The general 
 led a 'rcat army into Italy. 3. The Cimbri brought-t.j^ether 
 ■ l,,>„i.blo forces 4. Causar arraiii^ed his ime-ot-battlc. 5. 
 ^;:Z'£^:^^^ -i^ss the rWerW, y^^^^^y^ 
 brid-e). G. As soon as I have written {Jut pof.) tho etter, 1 will 
 ^,U.r., wilk 7 We discovered the conspiracy ot Catilme. 8. 1 
 d «ed the ccnJonwealth (when) a youn, man. 9. White horses 
 had drawn Cau.illus triumphiuj^. 10. Wc have despised human 
 (things) {neut. pL). 
 
 * Tbo vrrbs dico. duco. f.Vio, drop the tinul e iu the iuiperutive moixl: hence dic^ 
 IfJi llwa i due, kad Uwu ; fac, do thou. 
 
 JiHMivh^«Ail 
 
 Ui- tOiJuAin 
 
 
52 
 
 EXEIICISES ON THE 
 
 I i 
 
 1. I 
 
 m I 
 
 ^f« 
 
 Suhjunrtli'o and Jnjiniltvo Moods and Participlet. 
 
 C — 1. Iliviiiiihiil iniit,'imiii cxcrcitniu ia Italiaiu ducit, ut ciliu 
 Riiiiiiuii ill ■lac terra ]iiiii;iic(. 2, Hiiiiiiilial inat^'iium cxercituin in 
 Italian! duxit, ut cum iioniaiiis in liac terra puguarot. 3. Cura ut 
 pucri auiinuin cxcolas. 4. Chu'ahaiii ut imeri auinuim cxcolores. 
 5. Neiuodubitat quia ego pucruiu d^ligeutcr corroxerim. 6. Nemo 
 dubitabat (juiu e<^o piiemin diligcnter corrcxisseni. 7. Narrate 
 nobis, quid parentes scrips-criut. B. (^liss dubitat, quia bostes 
 urbom obsidioiie eiucturi sint. 9. DiOicilo est regero homlnuni 
 aninaos. 10. lOmere faciliu.s est quaiii .solvere. 
 
 1. I will take care to cultivate {ut and SuhJ.) the boy'g mind. 
 
 2. There is no doubt tliat lie has carefully cultivated his mind, 
 
 3. Take care to bo well {ut and Suhj.). 4. Who doubts that 
 it is very diflicult to rule the minds of men ? 5. Who doubts 
 that we have oln^yed the laws ? G. Caesar drew together his forces 
 with-the-intention-of-assaulting {fut. putt.) the town. 7, White 
 horses drew the chariot of Oamillus (when) triuini)bing. 8. It is 
 dilHcult to learn many things. 9. There is no di)ubt that we ought 
 always to-bc-learinng {prvs. inf.). 10. I will take caro to correct 
 (w< and Suhj.) the boys. 
 
 Fourth CoNJuciATioN. — Active Voice. 
 
 Exercise XXVIII. 
 
 Indicative and Im;pcrative Moods. 
 
 A. — 1. Mors finiet nostram vitam. 2. Leones non rcperitis in 
 Gallia. 3, Discii)ulos diligentes non puniemus. 4. Persao castra 
 rauniebant ct custodiebant. 5. Dam tu dorniiebas, ego te custo-' 
 diebam. 6. Scio multas res, quas olini nesciebani. 7. Dum tu 
 dormies, ego te custodiam. 8. Praeceptor puerorum mentes eru- 
 dito. 9. Liberi parentibus obediunto. 10. Qui Deo obedit, ctiara 
 hominibus obediet. 
 
 1. The soldiers were fortifying the camp. 2. Cornelia ti-ainpd 
 her children carefully.. 3. My sou, obey thy m.Qther. 4. While 
 the citizens were keejring-gifard, the soldiers were "sfeeping. 5. We 
 will keep-guard, and you shall sleep. '6. Now I know these tilings; 
 yesterday I was-ignorant-of thom. . 7. You will not easily find a 
 lion in Europe. 8. Death puts-an-end-to all the lioi)es of thjs life. 
 9. Carefully train your chilcken ; praise the good ; j)unish the batl. 
 ip. Thou Shalt not bury {fut. impcr.) a deail man within (in) the 
 city. 
 
 5 
 
 r-l 
 
 .!iii|a 
 
FOURTH CON.TT'OATION. — ArTFVE VOICR. 
 
 53 
 
 5 
 
 I 
 
 B, — 1. Niitura Italiuni Ali)il>UHnninivit. '2. Cicero ditinum siuuu 
 miiuivc'iat vt finiuivcriit. 3. Maj^istcr imiiicbat oos disciimlos, qui 
 noil uluHliviTaiit. 1. Viiicili! t'ns, (|ui iiom ulu'iiivciiiiit. ft. Clariini 
 iiocom huius avis uon aiidivisli V lain imn andivi. (}. Scrvi «loini- 
 num sfpciiviTUiit. 7. Vix militrs castra imniivcraiit, <inni!i Cai'Siir 
 ncic'iii inslnixit. 8. Qunin iiiilitcs (astra umniviiriiit, (li>nuii'nt. 
 
 9. Natura oculos moinbrauis tomiissimis vcstivit. 10. rareiites 
 niei pauiiorc'iu liunc inu-ruin mUrivorant. 
 
 1. A ^«H)(1 fatliLT will liurturo, clotlu', (ami) train-up liis children. 
 2. Wlurdid not hear that very clear (.s/zyr/V.) sou}^ of the ni;_;htiu- 
 galo? 3. Nature has rortilieil the earth with moiuitaiiis. \-'l. They 
 bound the nu'U with the hardest chains. 5. Lietor, bind the 
 niv. ! G. Very delicate membranes clothe the eyes. 7. I'unish 
 '. .ou the bail; give honour to the }J;ood ; in-that-way thou wilt be 
 serviceable to the conuiionwealth. H, lie will bind the citizens 
 with i^ " stronujest (validissimus) ehains. I). That cruel i>">ther did 
 not nurture her own children. 10. r>ind not the man, soldier! ho i« 
 a Ivomau citizen. 
 
 Subjunctive (ind hijlnilive Moods and PariU'lj^les. 
 
 C 1. Curo ut pueri mentem orudiam. 2. Curabani, ut jmori 
 
 mcntcm crudirem. 3. Obedit aliis, ut sibi (lUcKpie alii obe<liant. 
 4. Ubediebam aliis, ut nnhi quociue alii obcdiKiut. 5. Nemo dubitat 
 quin ego puerum gnaviter cu.«todi(v)erim. 0. Nemo dubitaliat 
 quiu p\u;rum gnavitt'r custodi(v)isses. 7. Non dubito cpiin longin- 
 quitas tcmi)oris dolorem tuum moUitura sit. 8. Milites urbem 
 Qustodire debcnit. 9. Nihil scire turpo est. 10. Vonio auditurus, 
 quid pater scrTpserit. 
 
 1. There is no doubt that length of time will assuage (^Pcri 
 f)hr(istic CovJii(/((ti(»i) .your grief. 2. It is easy to exerciae the 
 body; it is dillicult to train the mind. 3. Who doubts that the 
 father carefully trained the nnnd of his son? 4. I will take pains 
 to assuage (ut and SuhJ.) the j-ain of the wound. ^'5. I have no 
 doubt that he is going-to-train-up (Feriphrdstic Vonjuyntion) tho 
 boy most carefully. 0. To punish is not to train-up. 7. Ho 
 bound the men with chains, that they might learn to obey. 8. It 
 is easy to obey the feelings (animus*). 9. There is uo doubt that 
 length of time assuages both grief and anger ((h)lorem iranu^ue). 
 
 10. (lie) who knows not (ucscio) (how) to obey, knows not (how) 
 to command. 
 
 * Uno tlio Siligulur. 
 
 ■Jr 
 
 •to.: A 
 
64 
 
 FIRST CONJUOATION. — PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 I 
 
 m 
 
 i 1 
 
 
 li^ 
 
 '■■!!!» 
 
 11^ i 
 
 > . 
 
 XXI [1. — Ffust or a Conjugation. — Passive Voice. 
 
 AmSr, amfttus sum or fui, amhTl,--t<) he loved. Stem: Sma-, 
 VERU FINITE. 
 
 I N D I <J A 1' I V K M O 1). 
 
 S. Ain-3r, 
 Am-arls or 
 
 am-arg, 
 Am-atur, 
 
 1. PllESKNT Tiissi:. 
 I am hwed /'. Am-amiir, 
 
 Uhan mi hivrd 
 
 he in loi't'd. 
 
 Am-amini, 
 Ari-antur, 
 
 We are hved 
 yc are loved 
 they are loved. 
 
 S. Am-abar, 
 
 2. fMri;iU";;(T 'I'knsi;. 
 
 (J UU18 Ininij 
 \ 1(1 roi' 
 
 Am-abarls or I thou wosl luting 
 am-abare, \ Inrcd 
 
 Am-abatur, '*'' "7*' '"''"'-f 
 
 1>. Am-abamiir, | "'^ "Y" ^''"'J 
 \ lovi'd 
 
 Ani.abammi,l^% 'T ^''"^ 
 ' I loved 
 
 Am-abaatur,i"'7 "'f« ^'"'3 
 
 3. FiTiiac-SiMri.K Tknsk. 
 
 5. Am-abor, I shnllhe loved i'. Am-abimur, We shnllhe loved 
 
 Am-aberis_or )^^ .^^j ^^^ ^^^ | Am-abimini, ye null be loved 
 
 am-abere. ) •' 
 
 Am-abitur, he will be loved. I km-ahuntviv, they will beloved. 
 
 4. Pi:uFE(jT Tknse. 
 
 We have been 
 
 S. Am-atiis sum ( Thave been hired, 
 or fui, "I or NYJs hired 
 
 A„ ..v w lUtov hast hi en 
 m-atus es I , , ^., „ , 
 
 or fuisti, , ,' 
 
 ' loved 
 
 Am-atua est J he has hern loved, 
 or fuit, I or was loved, 
 
 S. Am-atus eram 
 
 r. Am-ati siirausl 
 or fuimiis, j 
 
 loved, or were 
 loved 
 
 >T had been loved 
 
 A,- (?/(! have been 
 m-ati esas -^ j,, , a, or loere 
 
 Am-ati sunt, //i(7/ have been 
 fuei'unt, orl loved, or loere 
 fuerSi ( loved. 
 
 5. Plvi EUFECT Tense. 
 
 1'. Am-ati eramus'l We had been 
 orfueramus, / loved 
 Am-ati eratisj^e had been 
 
 or fueratis, / loved 
 Am-ati er&nUthey had been 
 or fuerant, / loved. 
 
 0. Fctvue-Pekkicot Tense. 
 i*?. Am-atus ^ro\I ,^h(dlhaveheen i\ Am-ati erimiis I TFe shall hare 
 
 or fuerimiis, ) been lovid 
 Am-ati eritis\^fl roill hove 
 
 im"! 
 
 or fueram, / 
 Am-atua er&^yhou hadat been 
 
 or fuera-1, j loml 
 Am-atud gratl/it; had been 
 
 or fuerat, j loved. 
 
 or fuero, I loved 
 Am-atus eriai thou wilt have 
 
 or fueris, ) hern loved 
 Am-atus 6i l\he will have been 
 
 or fuerit, J loved. 
 
 or fueritis, / been loved 
 
 Aiu-ati erunfw/tr;/ will ham 
 
 or fuex'int, / been loved., 
 
 m 
 
 'il 
 
riRST rON.TrOATION. — PARSIVH VOICK. 
 
 65 
 
 been 
 
 hern 
 
 I been 
 
 fif. Am-ar8, 
 
 S. Xm-ilt5r, 
 Am>ator, 
 
 1 ;^l V K U A T 1 V E M O (> 1). 
 I'MWENT TknsE. 
 
 Be than hral. \ /'. Am-iimlnl, /'«' ye loved. 
 
 FUTIUE TENttE. 
 
 ust be Ion II, ' \ loved. 
 
 Thou muxt III lori'd 
 he in 
 
 8. Am-5r, 
 Am-erls or 
 
 &m-er5, 
 Am-etur, 
 
 8 U U J i; N « ! T I V R MO D. 
 1. PUKSKNT TkNSE. 
 
 r. Am-emur, 
 Am-emlni, 
 Am-eutur, 
 
 T VHiij !)<' Inn il 
 UliiiH iiuiijxt bi 
 
 / liiVrd 
 
 he iniiy be lovtd 
 
 We vioij he bind 
 ye may lie bind 
 they maybe loved. 
 
 2. Im"eufeut Tense. 
 
 i'. Aji-aremur, We viiijht l>e loved 
 Am-arGralni, ye viiijhl be loved 
 llm-arentur, fhey uu'ght be loved. 
 
 3. Peufect Tense. 
 
 S, Am-atils Bim\T mny have been P. Am-atI simuaWrd may hnn- 
 
 or fuerimus, ) been loved 
 Am-ati sitisij/t; may have 
 or fueritis, f Jieen loved 
 
 S. Am-arer, I mUjht be loved 
 Am-areris ory/ioit miijhtst be 
 
 &m-arere, / bived 
 Am-aretur, he miyht be loved. 
 
 or fuorim, j hivrd 
 
 iia WioH mayd h 
 or fueria, j beoi loved 
 
 Sit \l 
 or fuerit, j loved. 
 
 Am-atu3 Sit (he Diay have been 
 
 4. PLCi'EnFECT Tense 
 
 Am-ati Biatyt hi y may have 
 or fuerint, J been loved. 
 
 S. Am-atus essem'll xhoiild have 
 or fuissom, ) been loved 
 Am-atus f\ss&3\thou ^vmiliht 
 
 or fuisses, / have been loved 
 Am-atus essetytti ivotdd have 
 or fuissot, / been loved. 
 
 1\ Am-ati essemus'l We should ha ve 
 or fuissemus, j /"'''/) Invd 
 
 Am-ati essetisij/p ivmild. have 
 or fuissetis, / 1)een hived 
 
 Am-ati OH'MntUhey would have 
 or fuissent, / been loved. 
 
 VERB INFINITE. 
 
 INFINITIVBB. 
 
 Pres. and Imp* Am-ari, ^ fo be loved. 
 
 Perf. and PixT. Am-atus (a, um) esse or fuisse, to have hn'n loved. 
 FuTOBE. Am-atum irx (uot ducliued), to be about to be loved. 
 
 PARTICIPLES. 
 
 Perfect'. 
 Gerundivo. 
 
 Am-atTis (a, um), 
 Am-andus (a, um), 
 
 loved or hnviwj been loved, 
 meet to be loved. 
 
56 
 
 SECOND OON.TUOATION.— PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 I 
 
 11 
 
 11 
 
 '1 1 
 
 ^•11 
 
 ■I 
 
 liJi 
 
 y-' i 
 
 XXIV. — Second or E Conjugation. — Passive Voice. 
 
 Moneor, monitus sum or fm, moncri, — to he adriscd. St(;m ; raone-. 
 
 ViniB FINITE. 
 
 I N m f ^ A T I V K M O D. 
 1. PUKSKNT TkNSE, 
 
 S. Mon-eor, 
 Mon-eris or 
 
 mon-ere, 
 Mon-etur, 
 
 I fiut nrln'.^fd 
 Wion art (idtnaed 
 he ix adrixid. 
 2. 
 
 P. Mon-emur, 
 Mon-emini, 
 Mon-entur, 
 
 Imveufect Ti:t,.^k. 
 {^wlvrJ"' "■'"''" ^'' Mon-ebamar, 
 Mon-ebarls nrUl.ymM hruuj Bi5j,.ebamini, 
 mon-ebare, \ (uinscd , 
 
 \he was Iteing ad- 
 vised. 
 
 8. Mon-ebar, 
 
 Mon-ebatur, 
 
 ■{' 
 
 M6n-6bantiir, < 
 
 We are advised 
 ye are advised 
 flu 1/ (ire advised. 
 
 ( We tpere being 
 \ advised 
 i >/<; were being 
 \ advised 
 thvij were being 
 advised. 
 
 3. FuTrRE-SnirLE Tense. 
 he ad- 
 
 P. Mon-ebiniur, 
 
 S. MSn^ebor, (^ ^!'^" 
 ( vised 
 
 Mon-eberls or (thou n-ili he ad- 
 
 mon-ebore, \ vised 
 
 Mon-ebxtur, l^'' !''" ^' «'^- 
 \ Vised, 
 
 4. Fkufect Tense. 
 
 [I hax^e been ad- 
 vi!<vd, or was 
 advised 
 
 [than hast been 
 ((dviscd, or 
 trast adris(d 
 
 Ihc has been ad- 
 vised., or was 
 advised. 
 
 { 
 
 Mon-ebimini, {V' ^^^ 
 \ vised 
 
 Mon-ebuntur, | 
 
 We shall be ad- 
 vised 
 
 be ad- 
 
 thdj icill be ad- 
 vised. 
 
 S. Yon-Itus sum 
 or fui, 
 
 Mon-itu3 es 
 or fuisti, 
 
 Llon-itus est 
 or fuit, 
 
 1'. Mon-iti sumu3 
 or fuimus, 
 
 We have been ad- 
 vised, or ivere 
 advised 
 
 Mon-itl cstis j2/e/»'^'f'^^''^»«^- 
 
 or fuistis, ^"'f''.'' y^ "■'''-''' 
 
 ' ( advised 
 
 Mon-itl sunt, I ^7i('// have been 
 
 fuerunt, or I advised, or 
 
 fuere, ( loere advised. 
 
 5. Plt TEHPKOT TeNc^E. 
 
 8. Mon-itu8erara|r had been ad- 
 
 or fueram, / vised 
 Mon-ltus ertLsYthon hadst been 
 
 or fueras, / advised 
 M6n-it,iis erat)he had. been ad- 
 
 or fuerat, / vised. 
 
 been 
 been 
 
 Mon-iti eramusHFe had 
 or fueramus, J advised 
 
 Mon-iti eratis lye had 
 or fueratis, / advised 
 
 Mon-iti erant Uhey had been 
 or fuerant, / advised. 
 
 6. rUTVRE-PERFECT TeNSE. 
 
 S. MSn-Itfis ero ^T shall have been 
 or fugro, / advised 
 
 M5n-itus evisUhou ivilt have 
 or fueris, J been advised 
 
 M5n-Itu8 eriti/te irill have been 
 or fuerit, / advised. 
 
 Mon-iti erimii8| We ehall have 
 or fuerimus, / been advised 
 
 Mon-iti eritis \ye will have been 
 or fueritis, / advised 
 
 Mon-iti erunt )they will have 
 or fuerint, / been advised. 
 
 . 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
I 
 
 . 
 
 9 
 
 i 
 
 BECOND C0NJU(»\TI0N. — PASSIVE VOIOE. 
 
 57 
 
 IMPEIIATIVE MOOD. 
 
 PUICSENT TeXSP. 
 
 8. M6n-er8, Be thou ndi-iHnl. | i'. Mon-emml, J3e ye n(h'ii<ecJ. 
 
 FiiTVUE Tense. 
 S.TiLbn-etbr, Thou must he advised j p M5n.outor jThnj mud head- 
 
 Mon-etor, he must he adriacd. 
 
 , (Thry nn 
 ^''. \ viml 
 
 S. Mon-ear, 
 
 Mon-earls or jtlimi maijf't he 
 
 B u n J U N c; T I V K M O D. 
 1. Pi;i sext Tense. 
 (I may he ad- : ^, Mon-eamur, 
 
 ( ]\'c Diay he ad- 
 
 \ VIKCl 
 
 Won-eamini, 
 Ifeon-eantur, 
 
 d 
 iye may he ad- 
 
 \ tin II may he ad- 
 I iit<id. 
 
 ri8 or UiKni mill 
 
 mon-eare, \ adri>itl 
 
 .>v -.L- {he mm/ (>i' ad 
 
 M5n-eatur, | ^-J^ 
 
 2. Imi'Eheect Texse. 
 
 iSf. M5n-erer, < ••' 7 \ I ■ Mon-eremur, < ;,.,•,■ 1 
 
 ' 1 vised, ' \ tiitllScd 
 
 Mon-ererls <irjthou mightdhe '" ■■•'•" 
 
 mil I Id he 
 
 moa-erere, \ adn'xi'd 
 
 „v - -^« (he Vihihthe ad- 
 MSn-eretur, | ^.^^^j 
 
 3. I'EiiEECT Tense. 
 
 __, . . , . ( )/' III iiilit head- 
 Mon-eremini, <•' .,.•', 
 
 tJiiy luiijht he 
 
 _,- - .» ilKI/ 1UI(I. 
 
 Mon-erentux, { •',,... •', 
 
 S. M5n-itiis sim ^ I may hare hccn 
 
 or fuerim, / adrmi d 
 
 M5n-itus 813 \t}i(inviay,''t liare 
 
 or fueris, / hcCn adoised 
 
 Mon-itus sit \he may have 
 
 or fuerit, / been adriKal. 
 
 P. Mon-iti siiuus \]Ve may hare 
 
 or fuerimus, j heeii advised 
 
 Mon-iti sitia t ye may have. 
 
 ur fuerititii, j heen udrisal 
 
 Mon-iti sint Xthey may have 
 
 «/• fuSrint, / beeimdvised. 
 
 4. PlATEUFECT TeNSE. 
 
 S. M5n.-itu8 essem j J nhndd have 
 
 or fuissem, j hem adri-nl 
 
 „- - w . [thou 7V(i:ddst 
 
 Mon.itu3 esses ,^,„., ,,,,,, ,„;. 
 orfuisses, | ^..^.^^^^ 
 
 Mon-itus esset i/ic u-ouhl have 
 or fuisset, j heenadrhid. 
 
 I'. M5n-iliesuemu3^ We ahorddhatie 
 or fuistemu3, / been adrisid 
 
 Mon-iti essetis )ye imnhl hare 
 or fuissetis, / hevii, ailHsid 
 
 M6n-3tl 03&entW/t('(/ irouhlhare 
 or fuibisent, / been udvisexl. 
 
 VERB INFINITE. 
 
 I N F I N I T I V E H. 
 
 Pres. and Imp. Mcn-eri, t(> he adri'ned. 
 
 Pekf. unci pLur. M6u-itui3 (a, uni es^c <>r fuisie, to have lutn adviaed. 
 Fuxt'iiE. Mon-itum iri (nut de'clincd , to he about to be ad- 
 
 Ivised. 
 y A n'r iviv i. \z s. 
 
 Perpeot. 
 Geuundive. 
 
 Mon-itiis (a, um), 
 Mon-endus (a, um), 
 
 adriHed, or having heen advised, 
 meet to be advised. 
 

 58 
 
 THIRD CONJUGATION. — PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 I 
 
 \ 
 
 ii\^ 
 
 
 > 
 
 
 \ 
 
 i 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 ! 
 
 
 ( 
 
 111! 
 
 
 \\ 
 
 XXV.— Thiud or Consonant and U Conjugation. 
 
 Passive Voice. 
 
 RggSr, rectus sum or fui, regi,— <o he ruled. 
 VERB FINITE. 
 
 INDICATIVE MOOD, 
 1. PUKSENT TexsE. 
 
 I am ruled P. Eeg-imur, 
 
 Wiou art ruled 
 
 S. Rgg-Sr, 
 Reg-erls or 
 
 reg-ere, 
 Reg-itur, 
 
 he is ruled. 
 
 Reg-imini, 
 Reg-untur, 
 
 Stem : r5g-. 
 
 We are ruled 
 ye are ruled 
 they are ruled. 
 
 2. Jjii'EiiFECT Tense. 
 
 S. Rgg-ebar, 
 
 I van hcina ruled ' P. Reg-ebamur. / ^^'^ "'C^ ^^"'^ 
 
 ° ' \ ruled 
 
 Reg-ebaris oritliou irnd being 
 reg-ebare, \ ruled 
 
 RIg-ebatur, f^'\^^i^' ^''"^ 
 
 3. FcTr re-Simple Tense. 
 5. Reg-Sr^ I shall he ruled P. Reg-emur, 
 
 rgg-erg f '^^" '"''^^ ^^ ruled Reg-emini, 
 R§g-etiir, he ivill he rided. Reg-entiir, 
 
 4. Peufect Tense. 
 -S'. Rec-tils sum)^ /'7^ '^«'^« 
 ' I ruled 
 
 Rectus gs or]"'''"' /'«'^' '^^» 
 
 fuisti, '■'"'' "^ ""'"'^ 
 
 ' I ruh'd 
 
 Reo-tus eat or (he ha,'' heen ruled, 
 
 fuit, \ 
 
 Reg-ebamin!, {^^Xf ^^'"^ 
 Reg-ebantur, h'-!J"^''^ ^'"'^ 
 
 We shall heruhd 
 ye ivill he ruled 
 they will he ruled. 
 
 We have heen 
 
 ruled, or were 
 
 ruled 
 
 ye have heen 
 
 ruled, or were 
 
 ruled 
 
 Rcc-ti sunt, /7<^'// hare heen 
 
 fuerunt, orl ruled, or were 
 
 fuere, ( ruled. 
 
 5. Pliteufect Tense. 
 
 or was ruled. 
 
 P. Rec-ti sumiis 
 or fuimus, 
 
 Rec-ti estl3 
 or fuistis, 
 
 Rec-tuQ eraml , , , , , , 
 
 orfueram, j^ ^'"'^ ^'^'<'n ruled 
 
 Rec-tus era8i//(o». hadd 
 
 or fueras, / ruled 
 Rec-tus erati, , ,, , , 
 
 orfuerat, >'^(i^^^^d^<^e>i ruled 
 
 been, 
 
 r 
 
 p. Rec-ti eramusj We had heen 
 or fueramus,/ ruled 
 Rec-ti gratis) , ,, , , 
 
 or fueratis, ]y^i'<^^ been ruled 
 
 Rec-ti GiXfuniVthey had heen 
 or t'uerant, / ndcd. 
 
 6. FuTUHE-PEIiFECT TeN.'^E. 
 
 8. Reo-tus ero|/ shall have heen P. Rec-ti erimusl We shall have 
 
 or fuero, I ruled or fuerimus, \ heen ruled 
 
 Reo-tus griai//;o« wilt have Rec-ti eritlaUje will have heen 
 
 or fueris, / heen ruled or fueritis, j ruled 
 
 Rec-tus eritUe u-ill have heen Rec-ti eruntithei/ will have 
 
 or fuerit, / ruled. or fuorint. I been ruled. 
 
TIIIllD CONJUGATION.— PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 69 
 
 S. Egg-erS, 
 
 S. Rgg-itor, 
 Reg-itor, 
 
 S. Reg-ar, 
 
 IMPERATIVE MOOD. 
 
 Pkksi:nt Tknsk. 
 Be tliim ruh'd. \ P. Reg-Im!ni, Ue yc ruled. 
 
 Fi-Ti'UK Tense. 
 
 /'. Reg-imtor, Thrijnutsthe ruled. 
 
 Than inn4henil d 
 he must be ruled. 
 
 6 U I! J V N (" T I V E JI O D, 
 1. ^UK^KNT TkNSK. 
 
 I ntay he ruled 
 Rcg-aris or \thou mayd he 
 
 reg-are, j ruled 
 Reg-atur, he may he ruhd. 
 
 ]'. Eeg-amur, IIV may he ruled 
 Reg-aminl, ye nKiy he ruled 
 Reg-antur, Hit y may be rided. 
 
 2. bii'iJtiKcr Tense. 
 
 /S. Eeg-er5r, 1 mi(jht he ruled i*. Reg-ereniur, We uii'jht lie ruled 
 
 Weg-everla myhou m,\ihM be . Rgg.grenuni, ye miqhi he ruled 
 
 reg-erere, / ruled ° ' j .> 
 
 Reg-eretur, he might he ruled. \ Tieg-iirent,\xr, they mi(jhlherided 
 
 3. rEUFECT Tense. 
 
 5. Rec-tiis8imor"i7 jfiof/ have been , P. Rec-ti simus )We may have 
 fuerim, j rided \ or fuerimus, ) been ruled 
 
 Rec-tus 8X8 or[th<)U iu(ty^t have 
 fueris, j been ruhd 
 
 Rec-tus sit orVlie way have been 
 fiierit, / ruled. 
 
 Rec-ti :Iti3 oriye innyhavebeen 
 
 fueritis, / ruled 
 
 Rec-ti sint urUhey may have 
 
 fu^rint, / been ruled. 
 
 4. rLrrEiU''ECT Tense. 
 
 ^\ Rec-tus essemll8/K)M/(i/«((V'/«'t'H i'. Rcc-ti Ooijeinub"! IIV should have 
 
 or fuissem, / ruled or fulssemu^,/ been rided 
 
 Rec-tus eiiBea\lh(iu u'duhlsl have Rec-tl er-botis i ;/t; would have 
 
 or fuisses, / been ruled or ftiLssetirf, / been ruled 
 
 Roc-tus esseUhe irotddhuveheen Rec-ti esBentl//(r// (ro»/'/ have 
 
 or fuisset, j ruled. < or fui;:;itut, / been ruled. 
 
 VKllB INFINITE. 
 
 INFINITIVES. 
 
 PuES. and Imi'. Rcg-i, to he ruled. 
 
 I'kuf. and I'll i". Rec-tus a, um esse or fuisse, to have been ruled. 
 FuTUBE. Rec-tum iri (,uot deoliut'd), to he about to be ruled. 
 
 P .\ H T I C I P L K S 
 
 Perfect. Rec-tus (a, urn), 
 
 Ueiundive. Reg-endus (a, xiiaX 
 
 ruled or havini} been ruled, 
 nitet to he ruled. 
 
60 
 
 FOURTH CONJUGATION.— PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 \i 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 i i' 
 
 
 f 
 
 h. 
 
 nn 
 
 pi' 
 
 ! li 1 
 
 »■ 
 
 I( ■ 
 
 ■ l» 
 
 ll 
 
 XXVI. — Fourth or I Conjugation. — Passive 
 
 Voice. 
 
 AB'''"'5r, auditiis sum or fui, audiri, — to be heard. 
 
 VElilJ FINITE. 
 
 INDICATIVE MOOD. 
 1. PUESENT TlCNSE. 
 
 I am linml \ P. Aud-imSr, 
 
 Stem: audi-. 
 
 S. Aud-ior, 
 Aud-iris or 
 
 aud-ire, 
 Aud-Itur, 
 
 8, Aud-iebS,r, 
 
 / 
 
 tlioa art Ik anl 
 
 he is heard. 
 
 Aud-imini, 
 Aud-iuntur, 
 
 (1 wa 
 I he an 
 
 2. I.-Ml'i:KrECT TKNtiE. 
 
 I 
 
 hehuj 
 
 Aud-iebari3o?-f//(o;t lead being 
 aud-iebare, \ heard 
 
 {he wan beiiuj 
 \ heard. 
 
 We are heard 
 ye are heard 
 they are heard. 
 
 ( We were being 
 \ heard 
 
 Aud-iebatur, 
 
 Aud-iebamur, 
 
 Aud-iebaminl, /^'% ""''^ ^^'>"J 
 { heard 
 
 Aud-iebantur, i^^'Zard' ^'*"^ 
 3. FrTrrjE-SiMi'LE Tense. 
 
 S. Aud-iar, 
 Aud-ieris or 
 
 aud-iere, 
 Aud-ietur, 
 
 8. Aud-Itiis sum 
 or fui, 
 
 Aud-itusesor 
 fuisti, 
 
 Aud-Itus est 
 or fuit, 
 
 P. Aud-iemur, 
 Aud-iemini, 
 Aud-ientur, 
 
 I nhall be heard 
 yhoii wilt be 
 ) heard 
 
 he will be heard. 
 
 4. Peiu-'ect Ten'.se. 
 I hare been 
 heard, or mis 
 heard 
 thou hant been, 
 N heard, or teast 
 I heard 
 
 ihe haa l)i-eit 
 heard, or iran 
 heard. 
 
 Weifhallbehcard 
 ye I rill be heard 
 theywillbeheard. 
 
 P. Aud-itI sumus | "';' ''"'^ 
 or fuimus, - ^""'■''' 
 
 ave been 
 or icere 
 heard 
 
 Aud-Itiestis yy' ''"I"' ^^''^" 
 orfuistis, heard or tcere 
 
 ( hi'ard 
 
 Aud-iti 'mut, I //«■// hare been 
 fuerunt, orl hrard.oxwere 
 fuere, I heard. 
 
 5. Pn ri;iu'K(!T Tense. 
 
 jS. Aud-itus eram) r 7 n i i / . Aud-iti eramus Tie had been 
 e V > I had been heard „-.«>, , 
 
 or fuerani, ) , or fuera,mu3,j heard 
 
 Aud-itu9 era3|//toM latdd been 
 
 been 
 
 or fueras, ( heard 
 
 Aud-iti gratis Yye had been 
 
 \ or fueratis, ) heard 
 
 Aud-itu3 eratWw; had been Aud-iti erant Mhry had been 
 
 or fnerat, J heard. or fuerant, / heard. 
 
 (!. FlTl kEPEin'ECT TKN'triE. 
 
 ku Aud-itus ero\7 shall hare been 
 
 or fuero, J heard 
 Aud-itus evisWiou wilt have 
 
 or fueris, / be.ui heard 
 Aul-itlis itltljie will have been 
 
 or fueriti / heard. 
 
 i'. Aud-iti erimusjirti Khali hove 
 or fuerimus, ) been heard 
 
 Aud-iti eritis \ye h'HI have 
 or fucritis / been heard 
 
 Aud-iti erunt ,they will havt 
 or fueiint, / been heard. 
 
 ii 
 
 4 
 
 "^-rr 
 
rOUUTH CONJUGATION. — PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 (51 
 
 S. Aud-Irg, 
 
 8. Aud-itor, 
 Aud-itor, 
 
 IMPEHATIVKMOOD. 
 
 I'KKSK.N'i' 'I'kn.si:. 
 Be than heard, | 1'. Aud-imini, Jh- ye heard. 
 
 FtTri;i': 'J'knsk. 
 
 Thou muxt hi- liiiinl I ,, . j • ^t m, , i , 
 
 he mud be heard. ^ ' Aud-iunt5r, Ihry mndbeh'ard. 
 
 i 
 
 i ^ 
 
 BUn.j UNCI' I V 10 Moon. 
 
 1. PliMSKNT TknSK. 
 
 /S'. Aud-iar, T ))ia>i he hxinl i'. Aud-iamur, Wi' via ij he heard 
 
 Aud-iaris or\th<iii vtitijM be 
 
 LUa-ians orulmii v 
 aud-iar§, / heard 
 Aud-iatu^T, he may be heard. 
 
 Aud-ianijui, //<■ may he heard 
 Aud-iantur, (hey may he heard. 
 2. Imverfect Tkn'se. 
 
 <S. Aud-irer, 
 
 T mijht he heard 
 
 Aud-ireris or\th(in im'ijhtst be 
 
 aud-irere, / heard 
 Aud-iretur, he tuiijJit be heard. 
 
 r. Aud-iremur, We mujht be heard 
 Aud-Ireniini, ye miijht hi- heard 
 Aud-irentur, they mujht be heard. 
 
 3. rEHFEOT Tense. 
 S. Aud-Itus sim )T may have been 1'. Aud-iti simus ^We may have 
 or fuerim, / heard \ or fuerimus, / been heard 
 
 Aud-itug sis ithoti iiutyat have ' Aud-iti sitis \ye luay have 
 or fueris, / been hxird or fueritis, / been heard 
 
 Aud-itus sit \ he jnay have been 
 
 or fuerit, / heard. \ or fuerint 
 
 Aud-iti sint \they may have 
 , ) been heard. 
 
 4. ri.rrEUEix'T Ti:nse. 
 
 S.Aud-it&sessemjJ Khould have 1'. Aud-iti easemuH') We nhnuld have 
 or fuissem, / been heitrd or fuissemus, ) bi'i n heard 
 
 Aud-itus Gsses [I houtroiihht have, Aud-iti essetis [ye iroidil have 
 
 or fuisses, j heenJum-d <(/■ fuissetis, j" beenhiurd 
 
 Aud-itus esset I /(« uumhl have \ Aud-iti essent Uhey iroubl have 
 
 or tuisset, / been heard. j vr fuissent, / been heard. 
 
 VElil'. INFINITE. 
 
 I N F I N I T 1 V K S. 
 
 I^UES. iiiitl I.Mi'. Aud-irl, to be heard. 
 
 I'lAiv. and I'l.ir. Aud-itiis (a, um) esre m- fuisse, to havr linn heard. 
 FuTUUK. Aud-itum iri (imt deriiui d), to be about to be heard. 
 
 PAUTIC I I'l, KS. 
 
 Peufkct. Aud-itus (a, um), hmrd or havimi been heard. 
 
 Gkbundive. Aud-iendus (a, uui), meet to be heard. 
 
 Pr. L. I. H 
 
62 
 
 EXERCISES ON TUE 
 
 
 Ir' 
 
 in 
 
 1^ 
 
 !^ " 
 
 I 
 
 "ii;! 
 
 Ill) 
 
 J ^ 
 
 First Conjugation. — Passive Voice. 
 
 EuLE 15. — A pr()i)<)Kitiou in tlio uctivo voice may also 
 bo exprcHHud Ly tlio i)aKS(sivo voice, the acctisative being 
 changed into the nominative, and the nominative into tho 
 ablative. If tho abhitive denotes a living being, the pro- 
 position a or ab i.s prefixed. Thus magister puerura laudat, 
 the master ^>ra/.scs the hoij, beeojues in tlie passive, puer ji 
 magistro laudutur, tJic boij is jjraiscd hi/ the master. 
 
 Exercise XXIX. 
 
 A. — 1. Mnlti iiiilitos in jiroelio vuliiorabantur. 2. Pncri attenti 
 a magislris lau(lal)aiitur. 3. Truja a Graccis exim.^uata est. 4. 
 Leges egregiae a Lycurgo datao sunt. 5. Duces exercitus nostri in 
 proelio vuhiorati sunt. (!. Autioclio rcgi ]iax: a Roinania data est. 
 
 7. Fugari et superari dulcc noii est. 8. Vuev bono educator. 9. 
 I'uer, bene educatus, omnibus i)lac(>t. 10. Quuni rex urbem in- 
 travit, omnium civiuin domus lloribus ornatae erant. 
 
 X 1. The good (men) are praised ; the bad are blamed. 2. He was 
 severely wounded. 3. In tho first battle the Romans were over- 
 come. 4. Immense forces had been raised (])aro) by tho enemy. 
 5. The temple of Vesta Avas built by Numa Tomiiilius. 6. Antiochus 
 was overcome by the Koinau general. 7. The town was assaulted. 
 
 8. The city was not taUeu-by-storm by Hannibal. I). It is a small- 
 thing to be adorned with gold and silver. 10. The whole land (af^er) 
 was laid-waste by the enemy, ° 
 
 B. — 1. Pater curat ut ego bene educer. 2. Pater curabat, ut ego 
 
 bene Gducarer. 3. Curo, ut })uer bene eduootur. 4. Curabam, ut 
 puer bene eclucaretur, 5. Non dubito (|uin Imstes a militibns nostris 
 superati sint. 6. Nou dubitabam, quin hostes a n.ilitibus nostris 
 supcrati essent. 7. Nemo dubitat quin urbs ab liowtibus oxpugiiata 
 sit. 8. Nemo dubitabat, (piin urbs ab hostibus exjjugnata esset. 
 GTExercitus noster puguat, ut urbs servetur. 10. Exercitus noatcr 
 pugnabat, ut urbs scrvaretur. 
 
 1. Cornelia took-care that her children should he well educated. 
 2._ Who doubts that the boy has been carefully educated? 3. I 
 will take-care that the girl may be adorned with gotxl-cjualities. 
 4. There is no doubt that the city has been assaulted. 5. To bo 
 put-to-Uight is not always to be overcome. 6. Arms must be pre- 
 ])aro<l {Impev.) ; the gates of the city must be strengthened (Iinpcr.). 
 7. The general take!5-care that the gates may be strengthened. 8. 
 The good must not be blamed (jmptr.); "the bad must not be 
 praised (f7nj>er.) ! 9. We were put to flight, but we were not over- 
 como. 10. There is no doubt that L'umpey was overcome by Caesar. 
 
 I 
 
PAHSIVE VOICE. 
 
 (53 
 
 Sei^oni) CuN.ruGATioN. — Passive Voice. 
 
 
 ExKnnsE 
 
 A. — 1. Disriimli a ma^istro doociitur. 2. Amiri iiiaji^r est laua 
 quain tiinori. 3. Fortis vir imliis in'ricnlis niovrbitur. 4. Ncro 
 ab omnibus lloinanis timcbatur. r>, lucolao illitis urbis hostiuiu 
 advcntu tcrriti sunt. (>. Mouiti sumus, ut dili^ciitiori'S rssi'inus. 
 7. i'ucr strcnuo fxcrcctor. 8. UosIl's tcrriti iu urlx! mauscrunt. 
 9. Pucri in litteraruni studiis gnavitor oxcrciti sunt. 10. Mouemini 
 ut dilic:entinrcs sitis. 
 
 1. tiio pu]»il is taiv^ht by tlio master. 2. ''The walls were de- 
 stroyed. 3. Tlie citizens imd '.leeu terrified. 4. You have lx>en 
 taught by yoiu- fatlier, .5. It is a ,i;reat tliiiii:!; to be well tnu^ht. 
 G. All tlie citizens were terrified by his (ejus) arrival. T.Nero 
 was grievously feared (iinperf.) by all the citizens. 8. It is not 
 pleasant to be feared by thc';i;ood; it is very-jtleasiint to be feared 
 by the bad. U. 'Iho bodies of the children must be actively exercised 
 {Iviper.). 10. You had been warned, but you did not obey. 
 
 B. — 1. Pater curat, nt eL!;o strenue exereear. 2. Tater curabat, ut 
 ego strenue exercerer. 3. Curo, ut strenue exerceare. 4. Curabani, 
 ut strenue exercerere. 5. Curo ut puer strenue cxerceatur. 6. 
 Curabarn ut ])uer strenue oxerceretur. 7. Kemo dubitat ()uin puer 
 a me semper bene monitus sit. 8. Nemo dul)ilavit ([uin puer a mo 
 Bemjxir bene monitus esset. 0. Non est ilubium quin milites subito 
 periculo territi sint. 10. Non erat dubiuni quin milites subito pcri- 
 culo territi essent. 
 
 1. He was taking-care that his body might be vigorously exercised. 
 2. I will take-care that the boys are taught (f^ubj.) carefully. 3. A 
 good motion* will take-care that her daughter is carefully taught. 
 
 4. I do not doubt that the whole city was terrified by his arrival. 
 
 5. There is no doubt that the citizens were alarmed by the suihlen 
 danger. G. Let not the citizens be troubled (moved) by the arrival 
 of the enemy. 7/ (Our) father took-care that we might be care- 
 fully taught. 8. I have taken-care that my sons should (jurs. suhj.) 
 be carefully taught, t). IJrave men will not be suildenly terrified. 
 
 /lO. Virtue is the most beautiful (fain.) oi (all) things; take-care 
 that it is diligently exercised (y>/'(',s. suhJ.). 
 
 NoTK.— In all Tenses eonipounded of the Pi'rfret PartiiMjih^ and tlie 
 verb sum, the Participle agrees iu Gender andNuniluT with the sub- 
 ject of the verb: us, 
 
 Puer ftniat(7x e.st, thf hoi/ ims Jnveil. 
 
 I'nellfi fuiialf/ est, ih<' <jirl iron lonil. 
 
 Pellnni amatM/ii est, tear iras lovi'il. 
 
 Pufu'i ftnifiti sunt, the hoijs icere laved. 
 
 Puellae ftiuatdc sunt, the girls vere loved. 
 
 iiciia fiuuil</ tiunt, vtti-. I'-'i-i hji-'iJ. 
 
 U 2 
 
64 
 
 KXEKCISKS ON TJIK 
 
 TuiuD Conjugation.— rAs.sivE VoicK, 
 
 m i! 
 
 I 
 
 Wl \} 
 
 EXEKCIi>E XXXI. 
 
 A. — 1. Omuis hie mundus a Deo reij;ilur. 2, Rcspul)lica Roniaiia 
 a cun.sulibus regebatur. 3. Kipae Kheni jioiite junguiitur. 4. Urhs 
 mtiro ciiicta orat. 5. Graecia pcrversis suis coiisiliis afllicta est. 
 t». Si semper bene vixeris, ab omnibus diligere. 7. Quum iirbs ab 
 hostibus oppugnabatur, a civibu defeudebatur. 8, Conjuratio Cati- 
 linae a Cicerone detoeta est. St. Multae I'abulae a poetis fietae sunt. 
 10. Vix acies a Cacsarc iustructa erat, ipium liostes in uuuni locum 
 convolaverunt. 
 
 1. Hannibal was conquered by Scipio. 2. The commonwealth 
 was severely cast-down. 3. He was esteemed and was loved by all. 
 4. This story was invented by the ])oets. 5. The memory oi' the 
 man will always be cherished (colo) by his fellow-eiti/ens. 6. The 
 conspiracy is discovered ; the commonwealth is preserved. 7. You 
 will be loved by many. 8. The town is being assaulted indeed 
 ((piidcm), but it is not taken. 9. In that most eelelu'ated (nobilis) 
 battle Carthage was cast-down. 10. A bridge was tlu'own over 
 the Rhine by Caesar. (Say, the river lihine was joined with a 
 bridge by Caesar.) 
 
 B.— 1. Pater curat, ut ego probe cxcolar. 2. Pater curabat, ut 
 ego probe excolerer. 3, Cui'o, ut puer probe excolatur. ^1. Cura- 
 bam, ut puer probe excoleretur. 6. Phaethou vehementer optat, ut 
 patris curru vehatur. 6. Phaethon vehementer optavit, ut patris 
 ourru veherelur. 7. ]'>ieit juihi, quid tibi a sorore scriptum sit.* 
 8. Dixit mihi, ((uid libi a sorure scriptum esset.* 9. I'uer probe 
 excolitor. 10. Sapientes semper ratioue regi student. 
 
 1. I will take-care that he may be rightly cultivated. 2. He took- 
 care that the boy might be rightly cultivated. 3. We veliomently 
 wish that the enemy may be com^uered. 4. Cicero vehemently 
 desired that all (things) might be discovered. 5. Let-Us-be-zealous 
 to be ruled by reason. G. All are zealous to rule, not to be ruled. 
 7. Tell me (daf.) what ((|uae, neuter plural) was written {per- 
 fti't snhj*) to thee. 8. He told me {dut.) what ((piae) had been 
 written (jduperf. sub/.*). 9. The boy wishes that he may ride 
 in the chariot. 10. The boy was wi.-,hing that lie niiglit ri.le'^in the 
 chariot. 
 
 • The ruk' fur this use of the Subjunctive is ivou subs^cqucntly. Sue p 95 The 
 Indicative nust be used in tr.malaliiiL' inin Ku,:!;, ... 
 
 tl 
 
 ABil 
 
PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 65 
 
 FoiJiiTii Conjugation.— Passive Voice. 
 
 I- 
 
 
 EXKIICISE XXXII, 
 
 A. — 1. rncri a Tnaa;istfi.s cnulinntiir. 2. Improbi homines a Deo 
 puniontur. .'5. Ui'llum I'liuicuni socumhim fmitum est a Scipiono 
 Africano. 4. Oiiiiics doloii's inorto fmiiuitur. 5. Pisces in niari, 
 avos in al'To a Deo uutiiuiilur. 6. Oeuli teuuissimis membranis a 
 iiatura vestili sunt. 7. Veteres Britanniao incolac pellibus vesiic- 
 lantur. 8. Cur[tiira corum, qui in pui^Mia ceciderunt, scpoliuntor. 
 9. Urbes iiuiiiitac al) lio.stibud non exiniLcnabantur. 10. Non prius 
 doriniuuius, (iiuuu ucgutia vcbtra finita erunt (prius 'jiKiin, before 
 that). 
 
 1. The I'ritona nsed-to-clothc-thems(!lves (i»ipr^-/. pass.) with 
 skins. 2. 'i'he eitics hid been lortilicd with stone (adj.) walls. 3. 
 The sons of Tiberius Graeeluis had been earefully trained by their 
 mother. 4. 'i'ho bodies were biu'ied with the highest honours. 
 5. The generals were punished because tliey had not buried tho 
 bodies. 6. Tliese two boys had been trained by their mother caro- 
 fully. 7. Tho camp had not been fortified. 8. This life of-ours 
 (nostra) will be found exceedin,!.;ly-short (super!.). 9. When the 
 city has been fortified (fnt. 2"^'f-)t the citizens will defend it, 
 J.O. Tho city is fortified and strengthened with guards. , 
 
 B. — 1. Pater curat, ut ego diligentcr erudiar. 2. Pater curabat, 
 ut (!go diligentcr erudirer. 3. Curo, ut diligenter erudiare. 4. 
 (!urabam, ut diligenter erudirere. 5. Curabam, ut puer bene edu- 
 caretur, strenue exereeretur, jirobe cxcoleretur, diligenter crudiretur. 
 G. puer, diligenter erutlitor! 7. Bonus discipulus litterarum 
 cognitione erudiri studet. 8. Homo eruditus non solum sibi, sed 
 etiani aliis prodest. 9, Nemo dubitat, quia puer a mo gnaviter 
 oustnditus sit. 10. Nemo dubitavit, quia puella a mo gaaviLor 
 custodita sit. 
 
 1. The boys must bo carefully trained (Imper.). 2. Let not tho 
 boys bo trained (pres. su!>/.) by wicked men. 3. I will tako care 
 that my son is carefully trained. 4. I took care that my son should 
 not bo trained by a wicked master. .5. There is no doubt that tho 
 boys have been carefully trained. 6. Wno doub'ts that it is 
 better to be trained by a good master than by a bad ono? 7, 
 Who doubts that Socrates was uujustlv punished? 8. It is not 
 disgraceful to be unjustly punished. Take; care tho* tho boy 
 
 is well trained. 10. Well trained hoy a love their masto.. ' 
 
66 
 
 TniTlD CONJUGATION WITH I. 
 
 '■■: ^ 
 
 XXVII. — Third Conjuoation (with I in 
 
 CERTAIN '1'ENSEs). 
 
 CSpio, oepi, captum, capero,— to Uihe. Stem : o&p- or oSpi-. 
 
 1 1 i 
 
 I. ACTIVE VOICE. 
 
 Indicative Mood. 
 
 PregerU, 
 
 Cap-io, 
 
 Cap-Is, 
 
 cap-it. 
 
 Ttnlte 
 
 thou tiihoit 
 Ice takes. 
 
 Cap-Tmiis, We take 
 Cap-Itis, yr take 
 Cap-iunt, they take. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 Future. 
 
 Cap-iebam, 
 Cap-iam, 
 
 I wai* taking, 
 I shall take. 
 
 
 SiBJUNCTivE Mood. 
 
 Trewut. 
 Imperfect, 
 
 Cap-iam, 
 Cap-crem, 
 
 1 111(11/ take. 
 Imhjht take. 
 
 
 Imi'Ehative Mood. 
 
 Present. 
 Future. 
 
 Cap-e, 
 Cap-ito, 
 
 take thou. 
 
 tho'i shall or must faJce 
 
 Infinitive. 
 Present. Cap-ere, to take. 
 
 Participle. 
 Present. Cap-iens, taking, 
 
 Gkrund. 
 Gen. Cap-iendi, of taking. 
 
 II. PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 Indicative Mood. 
 
 Cap-imiir, We are taken 
 Cap-imini, ye are ta];,n 
 Cap-iuutiir, they are iuLen. 
 
 I shall he taken. 
 I was heiitg taken. 
 
 Present. Cap-18r, J am taken 
 Cap-erisU/iOM art 
 or -ere,} taken 
 Cap-itiir, he is taken. 
 
 Future. Cap-iar. 
 
 Imperfect. Cap-iC-bar, 
 
 r 
 
 if 
 
THIRD CON-ninATION WITH I. 
 
 m 
 
 Prcn'nt. 
 
 Iini)ir/i'ct. 
 
 Present. 
 Future. 
 
 Tre»ent. 
 
 SrwrNCTiVE Moon. 
 
 Wp-iar, I mn,/ he fahn. 
 
 Cap-erSr, i miijIU be tulicn- 
 
 Imieuative Mood. 
 
 Cap-cr6, he ihou tnlicn. 
 
 Cap-itor, tUou vinxt he tahen. 
 
 INKINITIVE. 
 C&p-I, to be taliin. 
 
 0. 
 
 u 
 
 A. 
 
 NoTK.— Tho rcrfect Tenses are not j:;iven, fts their con- 
 ju-;atiun in (luito regular : eep-I, cGp-Craiu, cep-eiu, eto. 
 Tho Ver'pH conjugated like eapio are : 
 
 ftloio, 
 
 jacio, 
 
 fil^'io, 
 
 fuilio, 
 
 rapio, 
 
 pario, 
 
 t'ocl, 
 
 foili, 
 
 ruiMii, 
 
 jiOpCri, 
 
 qiiatio, (uo iiirtVct,) 
 ciipio, ci'iplvi, 
 ftapio, tiaiiivi, 
 
 la<'i'>, — 
 
 BpC'oio, — 
 
 fat'tuni, 
 jiictuiii, 
 t'a.i^ituiu, 
 
 {"(i.-.^Ulll, 
 
 raptuiu, 
 piutiim, 
 (liias>um, 
 
 CUpllllIll, 
 
 /() llllll'C. 
 
 to throw, 
 
 til jlre. 
 
 t(i dig. 
 
 !() HI ize. 
 
 til l.rinij forth. 
 qiiutOrci, to xhalci' 
 ciiin'i'C, to diifiro. 
 
 to mvdur of, he wit^P. 
 
 to dr(tw\'m\y in foia- 
 
 jairrO, 
 
 lVl(llMt% 
 
 iTipr-i^, 
 jtaioiL', 
 
 tifipt''i'(5, 
 
 li'll'lMl'', 
 
 BpOcCiC, to look 
 
 )h;nly in coin 
 j piiuiula. 
 
 EXEUCISE XXXIII. 
 
 1. Url)s capitnr'; fugirnt civos, rainuntur omnia. 2. Curabit 
 dux stromuis ne n.ililcs sui fiv^iant. 3. Scribobam e«:;o versus, tu 
 pin<^ebas, ot fratcr in horto in(licl)at. 4. (^uis dnbitat (nuu ab- 
 surduui sit mains versus I'accruV 5. Poeta versus i'aciebat quuiii 
 iiostcs urbom intrabaut. (i. No Uvj^uxut niilites, saepe tutius est 
 pu'^narc qnam tuyere. 7. Non oinncs cadfin cui>inius. H. Curavit 
 ut oratio sua Ciceroiioni sai)erot. !». <.>)uis .lubitat .luin mihtes bona 
 nostra rapturi siut? iO. Ne lacite absurda, civcs! [Sapite et nam 
 coercete. 
 
 1. Birds make their nests in trees. 2. An ea<};le had made her 
 nest in a tall tree. 3. Wo dtsiro very many thiui^s whicli are not 
 needful to us. 4. It is easy to make verses ; it is not easy to make 
 Rood (ones). 5. The enenr- tlee, and tho camp is taken. 6. Fleo 
 not, soldiers ! It is safer to li;^ht than to tlee. 7. We will dig in the 
 earth, in order that wo may find metals. 8. Men do not dig in the 
 ground, to (ut) find (r.nhj.) pearls. 9. A strong wind was shaking 
 the tieea.. iO. That whole oration bavouis-ui" the poc-ts Qicc). . 
 
68 
 
 XXVIII.-PEPONENT 
 
 Dep§ncnt Verba havo a Passive f»rm, 
 
 ¥ i 11 
 
 1^' 
 
 tiif 
 
 o 
 w 
 
 i: 
 
 H 
 
 'c . 
 El 
 
 u> 
 
 CO 
 
 I. Hort8r, hortftttts sum, hortfirl, tn exhort, likt* ftmfir. 
 II. Vere6r, vfirltfis sum, vereri, to /ear, „ mSneSr. 
 
 I. 
 
 I'reti'nl. 
 
 Iloit-i'r, 
 
 lliiit-riris 
 (iir,-), 
 «••(•. 
 Impfrfect. H<.rt-ni.,.r, 
 . /•'//^«;y-.V/mj)/f.Hi)it-,ihnr, 
 I'erJ'ct. lldrt-iitiw 
 
 HIIIII, 
 
 IUl>er/ect. Hort-jitfis 
 (■'ram, 
 A'M<. I'erfat. lldit-iitfis 
 iro, 
 
 ( Ifxhnrl, or am 
 ) exhorting, 
 
 > W<i(( crhiirtcst, 
 
 •fc. 
 
 Jvn.ifxhortivfj, 
 I shall I rhiitt! 
 
 }l haw Cfhditi'il, 
 or / exhort' d. 
 
 ^ / //(7(l crhnrli'd. 
 
 I I nhitll have CX' 
 i horti'd. 
 
 'I'resent. 
 
 Inijxrjixt. 
 I'trfcct. 
 
 l'luj)er/ect. 
 
 Hort.-Pr, 
 
 llort-nrrr, 
 
 llort-atus 
 
 Him, 
 H(jrt,-aUi9 
 
 essi'Ui, 
 
 I vinj/ rxhiirt. 
 
 1 Mil,' hi I'xh'irt. 
 
 J / mini have «x- 
 
 Vfr-rSr, 
 
 Vi'T-rrffl 
 
 ('"■'■'■). 
 
 fiC. 
 
 Vf-r-Pli'ir, 
 VOr-t'l.r.r, 
 
 Vt"T-itllH 
 
 mim, 
 V0r-ltfi8 
 
 t'Tain, 
 
 Vrr-itiis 
 Oro, 
 
 II. 
 
 i I fear, or am 
 
 f Jnuiiiff. 
 
 tthoufuireit. 
 
 .f-c. 
 
 /icn.s- fenrivn. 
 
 I shall fear. 
 i 1 h'lve feared, 
 } or / feareil. 
 
 J / had feared. 
 
 I T thall have 
 ' feared. 
 
 hiirti'l. 
 lid 
 rtcd. 
 
 l I shim Id have 
 i exhort 
 
 Sii IPreient. 
 t C \ future. 
 
 •2" I 
 
 Hort-arP, exhort thou. 
 Ho!t.iit,-)r. i ''"'" *■''"'' or 
 
 tirt-atiir, 
 
 ?»iHi< exhort. 
 
 H 
 
 ■ ^Ves, .{• /»));)(')•/•. Hort-firl, to exhort. 
 I'erf. ,(■ /iuj). lltirt-ritus 1 , , 
 
 csftC; ] to have exhorted. 
 
 Future. Hort-riturus ) to be about to 
 
 esaC, S exhort. 
 
 Vi^r-of^r, 
 
 Vir-rTrr, 
 
 Vir-iiu8 
 
 ^^im, 
 
 VlT-ilUS 
 
 essem, 
 
 \'fr-(-H', 
 VOr-ctOr, 
 
 J may fear. 
 
 I viiijht fear. 
 X I tnaij have 
 ) feared. 
 \_ I shoul'l have 
 i feared. 
 
 fear thou. 
 \ thou Shalt 
 I must fear. 
 
 or 
 
 H 
 
 Present. 
 Future. 
 Perfect. 
 
 Gerundive. 
 
 Hort-Piifl, exhorting. 
 Hort-ntrirds, a/w(/< ^) fx/irtr<, 
 Hort-iV- • having exhorted. 
 
 Hort-«iKi:. • ''^•'«' !'\ ^« «»- 
 ea. 
 
 ViT-Cri, to fear. 
 V'Or-itfia -i . . 
 
 cssi', f '" '^«"« feared. 
 VOr-itrirfls \to be about to 
 
 ««»•■'■, S fear. 
 
 I 
 
 Supines. 
 Okrund. 
 
 Ilort-atv <:! 
 Hort-fit I, 
 Hort-aiiui, 
 
 i^f vx' orting. 
 
 Wr-pns, fearing. 
 
 \'r-uriru8, about to fear. 
 
 Vir-itii8, having feared. 
 
 VCr-cnilua, meet to be feared. 
 
 V^" 
 
 Ttum, to fear, 
 
 ■nil, to he feared. 
 
 i-c'iuii, offi'iuirig. 
 
 &C. lie. 
 
 Hem,^ tho R^Rivc forms, the Deponents have the two Active Participles the 
 Supines, and the Gerunds. ' 
 
 I)epcmc:us arc tho only Latin Verbs that have a Perfect Participle Active: a«. 
 ^'TtatuB, having exhcnted. <=.«*»., 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 i 
 
rT 
 
 VERBS. 
 
 69 
 
 m. 
 
 but an Aotivo moainng. 
 
 Ill L<qu6r, IScltfls sum, ISquI, (o hjh'iIi, liko rCjfJJr. 
 IV. Partior, partitus sum, partiri, ta dieiile, „ audior. 
 
 I\ 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 III. 
 
 
 IV. 
 
 
 
 I'reunt. 
 
 T X .. \, i ^ spiitk, or am 
 
 \\\xt-\^x. 
 
 I / diviile, or am 
 f iliriiiiiii). 
 
 
 
 
 ''t?n^r'* ( "'"" "V""*--'*'- 
 
 Vm\Av\* 
 (ire), 
 
 1 thi'ii ilicidist. 
 
 1 
 
 'A 
 
 
 
 lie'. .(•(•. 
 
 /tc. 
 
 ((•-■. 
 
 r. 
 
 
 Impi-rJ'ict. 
 
 LfVlll-rlM'ir, J Wiif iipiiiki)};!. 
 
 I'art-iilKU, 
 
 / i/viK dii<iding. 
 
 
 
 Ful.-Simjilc. 
 
 I,('i(|ii-iir, J sliiill .■'j'Kil,-. 
 
 I'jiit-iar, 
 
 I thiill itii'iile. 
 
 * *• 
 
 
 I'crjixt. 
 
 1,(11 ii-(iirt i I hiu'i fjiiikiu, 
 Hiiiii, ( or 1 fjidkr. 
 
 ralt-iliiH 
 
 > I liin'i itivitlfd, 
 S or / iliriiLii. 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 Hriin, 
 
 \> 
 
 
 I'hijiirfivt. 
 
 LoCII-lll'l i , , , 1 . 
 
 criini, ( ' '""'■ '''"''' *'• 
 
 I'.ii'l-itnH 
 ir.iiii, 
 
 ; / had dii<id>d. 
 
 a. 
 
 
 Put rer/ict 
 
 I.cMM-llls ( I fhdll liinr 
 
 I'.irt-iliirt 
 
 1 I shall have di- 
 5 vidid. 
 
 
 
 l'1'rSiHt. 
 
 Orii, ( sidkiii. 
 
 1 1(1, 
 
 
 
 Lo(iii-rir, f mini .^i^Kik. 
 
 ['AX-xAhr, 
 
 I }}iii If il 1 riilt'. ' 
 
 
 
 Illl/ii'lJ'l'Ct. 
 
 \,i'>i\\i-'Tvr, I miijht .ij.M'iik. 
 
 riirl-iiOr, 
 
 / mil lilt difide. 
 
 v< 4; 
 
 
 I'tr/cct. 
 
 l.iicu-tus i / nun/ have 
 
 I'ait-itiirt 
 Mini, 
 
 1 / mmi have, di- 
 
 <' villi d. 
 
 » -A 
 •-5 
 
 
 rlujwfcd. 
 
 I<uru-tfm )/ flKiiild have 
 
 I'ml itiis 
 
 ilsliiiildhavedi- 
 
 ) vided. 
 
 
 
 I'SM'in, 
 
 • 
 
 pi 
 
 
 Prfscvt. 
 
 Ijfiqn-fn"', Kpriik thou. 
 
 I'iirt-in-, 
 
 divide thou. 
 
 hH" 
 
 
 future. 
 
 1 / , u •- J ''"'" skdlt or 
 
 I'art-itilr, 
 
 K than fliiilt or 
 
 ( Must divide. 
 
 PI W 
 
 
 Pres. l^ lii'v 
 
 L('ir|u-i, to sj)eak. 
 
 I'lirt-iri, 
 
 to divide. 
 
 \ % 
 
 
 !'er/.til'liq 
 
 ■'I^m'.?'" }<"'«"'« -'i"*''"- 
 
 I'lUt-itUS 
 
 [■ to hai-e divided. 
 
 h 
 
 
 Future. 
 
 Locu-turu8 Wo («: «<;(>«< to 
 
 I'.irt-itfirua ) to he. alwut to 
 
 
 
 i>kO, 
 
 ) divide. 
 
 ) « 
 
 
 Present. 
 
 l/ifpi-fiis, speaking. 
 
 P.irt-irns, 
 
 dividing. 
 
 H 
 
 
 Future, 
 
 LOcu-turus, atiout to speak. 
 
 riiit-itfiruH, alidid to divide. 
 
 5 '^ 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 LOcu-lus, having spoken. 
 
 , I'ait-itnH, 
 
 hin'itig divided. 
 
 
 
 Oerundive. 
 
 L6(iu-cnilus, meet tobtspoken. 
 
 ' rart-ienduH, meet to be divided 
 
 < 
 
 
 Supines. 
 
 Lbcu-tiiin, to S]>eaJc. 
 
 Piirt-Uum, 
 
 to divide. 
 
 
 
 Lflcu-tii. to he sjHiken. 
 
 I'lirt-ltu, 
 
 to he divided. 
 
 
 
 Gkrund. 
 
 Lbqii-fiuli, o/' S}iiitkiiuj. 
 
 I'art-iondi, 
 
 oj' 1' iding. 
 
 
 
 
 hv. ' Ac. 
 
 &c. 
 
 
 
 Tho Gerundive, and occasionally tho Pcrf. Piirticiplp, aro tho only f mis in the 
 
 Deponent that over havo a passive nuanintt. 
 ' '(transitive Dopontnta liavo uo .Siipiin' in u and no Gnrundive. 
 
iWI^''; 
 
 70 
 
 EXEROTftES ON THE DEPONENT VERBS. 
 
 I 
 
 &.4 f 
 
 „_— -V~ 
 
 Exercise XXXIV. 
 DcponoU Verbs of Uie First Conjugation. 
 
 1. Admiranmr caiitum avium illarum. 2, Adiniramini Dei 
 l)otentiain. 3. Animalia quacdaiu vocciii hunianaiu imitautur. 4. 
 Caesar inilitcis hortatus est, ut fortiter pn;^uareut. 5. Hannibal 
 Alpes sui)oraro couatus est. 0. llortabor patrem ut pueri nientem 
 probe cxcolat. 7. Quid ineditaris, carissinie amice ? 8. Contemplor 
 l)ulchram hauc iiuai^inem. *.). Veneraro Deum, venerare parentes. 
 10. Tum demum boatus eris, quum aspernatus eris voluptatcm. 
 
 1. Who docs not ad:nire tlic song of the niglitingale ? 2. Meditate 
 on tliese things. 3. Observe (carefully) this beautiful image. 4. It 
 does-good to the mind to contemi)!ate lofty things. 5, Contemplate, 
 citizens, the examples of the ancients ! 0. Tlien at length will 
 yo be happy when ye have learnt {fat. per/.) to despise pleasure. 
 
 7. I will encourage the boy to (ut) contemplate those things. 
 
 8. Attcn)pt great things; thou wilt do great things. 9. I will 
 take cart! that my son may admire those things (ea, n. pi.) which 
 are fit-to-be-admired. 10. There is no doubt that the llomaus 
 admired Cicero. 
 
 Exercise XXXV. 
 
 Deponent Verbs of the Second Conjugation. 
 
 Rule 16. — Verbs signifying to remember^ to forget, to pity, 
 aro in Latin commonly followed by the Genitive. 
 
 1. Veremini, pueri, scnectutwu ! 2. Darius Alexandre magnam 
 partem Asiae poUicitus est. 3. Plinius scribit : nunc pueri onmia 
 sciunt, nondnem verentm-, imitautur neminem. 4. Tuebimur 
 miseros, quorum agros vastavistis. 5, Incolae hoc facinus fate- 
 buntur. 6. Comitcs, qui salntem regis tuiti erant, maximum 
 praemium acceperuut. 7. Scelerum suorum recordabuntur. 8. 
 Ileus tacih'.is confessus est. 9. Jucundum est mare a terra intueri. 
 10. Semper miserorum hominum nuserebinmr. 
 
 1. We reverence the power ol God. 2. Guard the king, soldiers ! 
 3. ConfcL's the truth (true things), i)oy ; it is better to be punished 
 than t'^ deceive. 4. Look-into these things carefully. 5. The 
 general has promised rewards to the soldiers. The generals have 
 promised rewards to the soldiers. G. He has confessed the crime, 
 and will be punished. 7. It is pleasant to call-to-mind ])ast dangers. 
 8. Ye will call-tomind these thingr, citizens, when I am cast forth 
 (fut. perf) from the city. 9. Have-pity-on the accused (man), 
 judges 1 10. He reverences the goils. 
 
 ^ 
 
 J 
 
 I 
 
 H 
 
EXERCIRES ON THE DEPONENT VERBS. 
 
 71 
 
 / 
 
 ExKiu'isK XXXVI. 
 Deponent Verhe, of the Third Conjugation. 
 
 Rule 17.— tJtor, fruor, vescor, fungor, j^ovorn tlio Ahlativo 
 CaHO. To tliLvso add potior, I ohtain-jHmcssion-of (4 Cunj.). 
 
 _^,_1, Si morimur, corpus Umtum luoritur, mm animus. 2. Dux 
 maxiniani aik-ptus est Kloriain. 3. Civoa, libortatem adci-ti, sunnna 
 laetitia frueutur. 4. Virtuti.s viam sciniuir sociuciuur. 5. Ciira ut 
 bene moriaris. G. Audi multa, loiiuurc; panca. 7. IVt multos 
 annos pace usi sunt. 8. Lacto, caseo, carno vcscuntur. 9. Munero 
 tuo bono fungere ! 10, AIi(iuaiulo oculi uon luiviuutur numero suo. 
 
 1. By thiri^cU'atli he obtained the freedom of his country. 2. By 
 this death he has obtained immortal glory. 3. It is a small-thing 
 to enjoy life ; it is a great-thin'j; to disehargo the duties of life. 4. 
 Take-care that you always follow (suhj.) the path (way) of virtue. 
 
 5. You will enjoy all these good (things). (5. When the body has 
 died (fut. per/), then indeed shall we enjoy true life. 7. The 
 Britons used-to-feed (im]>eifect) on milk, llesh, (and) cheese. 8. 
 He used the greatest frecilom in his oration. 9. Use riches, do not 
 abuse (them). 10. Follow us ; we will protect you. 
 
 B.— 1. Sapienter utimini tempore. 2. Clarissiraus hie dux con- 
 sulatu functus est. 3. Qui nimis cupit honores, raro cos adipiscitur. 
 4. Caesar duas legioncs ad Labienuni proficisci jubet, ipse in Mena- 
 piorum fines profectus est. 5. Bellum gerimus, ut pace fruamur. 
 
 6. Alexander immortalitatis gloriam adeptus est. 7. Augustus 
 omnes cives benigno allociuebatur. 8. Eodem die, quo Dianao 
 templum deflagravit, Alexander Magnus natus est. 0. Rt'guhis 
 omnes cruciatus Poenoruni fortiter i)assus est. 10. Hannibal niili- 
 tes adhortatus est, ut reminiscerentur pristinae virtutis suae, neve 
 (and not) liberorum obliviscerentur. 
 
 1. Thou hast wisely discharged thine ofTice-of-consul. 2. Generals 
 often exhort their soldiers to (ut) remember their wives and children. 
 3. Remember (your) ancient valour, soldiers! 4. Caesar orders 
 these two legions to set out. 5. It is a small thing to speak kindly 
 (benigno) to (one's) fellow-citizens. G. That tnost famous (nobdis) 
 battle' wa.< 'ought near the lake Trasimcnus. 7. Caesar himselt set 
 out for (into) the territories of the Menapii. 8. Now we have peace ; 
 shortly we shall carry-on war. 9. llegulus endured bravely the 
 utmost tortures. 10. On the same day (see Latin No. 8), on which 
 that most famous battle was fought, the poet Euripides was born. -^ 
 
 Exercise XXXVII. 
 
 Depment Verbs of the Fourth Conjugation. 
 
 1. Milites belli fortunam experiuntur. 2. Epaminondas nunquam 
 
 mentiebatur. 3. Senes multa expert! sunt in longa vita. 4. Magnos 
 
 viroa virtute metimur, nou fortima. 5. Voluptas blanditur eensibus 
 
 \ 
 
\l 
 
 i i 
 
 72 
 
 PRErOSTTTONS. 
 
 Ni 
 
 Ml 
 
 Mh i, 
 
 f !^ 
 
 noatria. 0. Frons, oculi, vultus saojic montiuntur. 7. Tarqninlua 
 Superbus potitus est rcpno. 8. Punieiiiiiii, quod mentiti estis. 9. 
 Belhim civilo in Ifaliii orKum est. 10. Patres bona sua cum liberis 
 partiuntur. 
 
 1. Wc will try the fortune of war. 2. The Romans often tried 
 the fortune of war. 3. It is cxtreiiicly-basc (sxperl) to lie. 4. 
 \Vg will share our piods with our children. 5. There is no doubt 
 that the enemy (j'l.) have-obtaincd-possession-of tlie city. B. Let 
 us try our valour; let us obtain-possession-of the camp of tho 
 enemy. 7. There is no doubt that ])l('asnre wins-ujion our senses. 
 8. We ou,<j;ht to measure men by (tlicir) virtue, not by (their* 
 fortune, i). Very many (p('u[>l(') measure all things by fortune'. 
 10. The consuls will measure (out) lands to the soldiers. 
 
 ^ XXIX. — J^KEPOSITIONS. 
 
 Of tho Prepositions some govern the Accnsativo Oaso, 
 some the ALlativo, and some cither the Accusativo or 
 Ablative. 
 
 I. With tlie AccKsatlve alone. 
 
 Ad, 
 
 Adven,ui, 
 Adversum, 
 Ante, 
 Apiid, 
 
 to. 
 
 Uoirards, ai]ai)ist. 
 
 before, 
 at, near. 
 
 Circa, ciroura, aronnd. 
 
 Circiter, 
 
 Cis & oitra, 
 
 Contra, 
 
 Erga, 
 
 Extra, 
 
 Infra, 
 
 Inter, 
 
 Intra, 
 
 Juxta, 
 
 ahont. 
 on ilih x>'(h' of. 
 (iijidn^t, CDiilmrii 1o. 
 toirardti {auhj nf tlie. 
 outtiute of. [ft'vliiKjs). 
 below. 
 
 bitireen, amonrj. 
 inxiitti of, within, 
 near, hard by, next to. 
 
 6b, ^ on account of. 
 
 Penes, in the power of. 
 
 Per, thvoiujh. 
 
 Poue, behind. 
 
 Po.it, after. 
 Praoter, beside. 
 Prope^ near. 
 
 Propter, on acrormt of. 
 
 Seoimdum, //"'^""''"f/' '« accord- 
 
 \ ance with. 
 
 Supra, above. 
 
 Trans, across. 
 
 Ult a, on the farther side of. 
 
 Verbiis, towards (only of place 
 or direotiun). 
 
 Vers lis is put after the word it governs. 
 
 Exercise XXXV II I. 
 
 1. Exorcitus hostium ad portas urbis venit. 2. Multi homines 
 contra naturam vivunt. 3. Judices secundum le^'es hunc hominem 
 puniverunt. 4. Multae aves ante hieniem in alias terras migrant. 
 5. Ilac aestate extra urbeni habitabimus. 6. Komani ''trans 
 Rhenuin multa oppida vastaverunt. 7. Hoc bellum intra paucos 
 dies finitum erit. 8. Vir sapiens non propter metum le'j:ibus parebit. 
 9. Khodanus primo occidentem versus Unit. 10? E(iuitatura 
 practer tiuminis ripas contra hostem ducit. 
 
 \ 
 
 
PREPOSITIONS. 
 
 78 
 
 \ 
 
 I 
 
 1. Hanuibal led (his) iiniiy to ihc gates of tlio city. 2. Who 
 doubts that it is contrary-to virtue to lie? 3. All tlirsc thiugs are 
 in-the-po\ver-of tlio consuls, •!, Tlu', t^oneral led liis army towards 
 the river. 5, Very many birds niiy;rate into liritaiu in the sununer. 
 G. The river Rhone Hows throu<j;h the lake. 7. A {;ood judge will 
 judge in-aceordanee-with thu laws. 8. We (n<is) shall dwell witliiu 
 theluty, but you (vos) will depart into the country (agri). 9. Tho 
 camp of Hannibal was near the walls of the city. 10. The uight* 
 ingale migrates across the sea in winter. 
 
 II. With the AJ>h(t!re alone. 
 
 A, ab, or abs, 
 Ab que (rare), 
 Coram, 
 Cum, 
 
 Ex or e, out of- 
 
 Prae, l( I'nrc, in romjuiriton with. 
 
 Pro, 1)1 fort', for, on liflnd/af. 
 
 Sine, irithont. 
 
 Tenus, rmcfiimj to, ax fur an. 
 
 hji or frt on. 
 
 IvilJioUt. 
 
 in tlir ])r('sen('t'. (f. 
 
 ■with. 
 
 duicu from, from, 
 
 coiicerulntj. 
 TCuus is put after tiie word it governs. 
 
 ExKiicisE XXXIX. 
 
 1. Magna cum volujitate avium cantum audivimus. 2. A Cice- 
 rone liber de senectute scriptus est. 3. Khenus agrum Ilelvetium 
 a Germanis dividit. 4. ilomani ex GaUia trans lllienum veniunt. 
 5. Pro .salute reipulilicae et pro liberis pugnabinius. <i. I\bignii 
 gloria nemini venit sine virtute. 7. Coram parentibus dixi (juao 
 scrips(!ram. 8. Ineolaeurbis de pace legatos ad Caesarem misen'ut. 
 9. Cato in senectute prae ceteris lloruit. 10. Alexander oumes terra^i 
 Oceano tenus vie it. 
 
 1. The songs of birds are heard with pleasure by all. 2. Cicero 
 has written a very beautiful liook conceriungold age. 3. The ocean 
 seitarates Britain from Gaul. -1. lie said these things in-the-pre- 
 sencc-of all the soldiers. 5. Tlie general marched (diico) his army 
 out of the city. 0. Before all others Demosthenes and Cicero are 
 the most renowned orators. 7. There is no true glory without 
 virtue. 8. Along with tliee (tecum*) wo will dejtart into another 
 land. 0. We arc lighting for (]iro) our country, for our wives, for 
 our children. 10. lie has said this iu-the-[>resence-of his father. 
 
 III. With the Accusative or Ablative. 
 
 In, in, into. 
 
 Sub, up to, uiuler,htnnilli ; of time, 
 
 af)out. 
 Siiper, over. ■ 
 
 III and Suh with \}ui Acr. answer to the question Whither? 
 with tho ^16/., the qucstiuu Where ? 
 
 * Mi'cum, tecum, sccuiu, jioOiscum, vuiLicuni, are UKni ii.nir.ul of cum mt\ 
 cum te, etc. 
 
 Subter, vmlfr, beneath. 
 Clara, xecrcUy, without the hnoir- 
 Icilije (f. 
 
74 
 
 adverbs: 
 
 ! ) 
 
 f t : 
 
 i 
 
 ft ■ 
 
 ■ 1. 
 
 i, 
 
 .1^ 
 
 ! 
 
 1 
 
 ' ■'f 
 
 ■ ■*? 
 
 
 , 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 ■ ij 
 
 
 j j 2 
 
 t 
 
 
 i| I 
 
 
 
 f"| 
 
 
 f= 
 
 -i 
 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 1 1; 
 1 : 
 
 
 
 if 
 
 
 :l If 
 
 ! 
 
 
 EXEUCISE XL. 
 
 1. Mnlti lu)iiiinos in vnrias terras itinera faciunt, 2. In magno 
 fluniino magni ca])iuntur pi.scos. 3, lu liurtum nioiuii nou vcniisti, 
 in urbc autciii fuisti, 4. Sub terra est magna rerum utiliuni 
 inultitU(U). 5. Eiinitatus hostium mh noctoni in castra venit. 6. 
 Pluriniae avos sul) hiomem in alias terras volant. 7. Ponipeius in 
 Aegypto sub oeulis uxoris et liheroruni mortuus est. 8. Caesar 
 super Indos prol'cret imperiiun. 'J. Super tabernaculum Darii 
 imago solis fulgebat. 10. Etiani sub marmorc et auro habitat 
 servitus. 
 
 1. "Wo were coming into the city ; you were dwelling in it. 2. 
 The camp of Hannibal was under the walls uf Konie. 3? We were 
 walking in the garden. 4. It is not pleasant to all to dwell in the 
 city. ^ 5. Large fishes arc not caught in a sni.;!! river. 6, Tlie 
 nightingale does not always remain in the same lands. 7. They 
 slay PomiH-y beneath the very (ipse) eyes of his wife. 8. The 
 Komans will extend their eminrc beyond the boundaries of Enmix'. 
 9. Beneath the earth (there) are many beautiful things. 10. Towards 
 (versus) winter these birds migrate into other lauds! 
 
 XXX. — Adverbs. 
 
 Advcrlis are formed from Adjectives and Participles, by 
 means of the terminations -e and -tSr. AdVerhs deprived 
 from Adjectives and Participles of the First and iSecond 
 Declensions end in -e, as docte, learnedly, from doctus. Ad- 
 verbs derived from Adjectivos and Participles of the Third 
 Declension end in -ter, as fortiter, hravchj, from fortis. 
 
 The Comparative of the Adverb is tlio same as tlio Neuter 
 Nominative Sin<j,-nlar of the Compai'ative Adjective, and 
 consequently ends in ittb. 
 
 Tho Snperhitive of the Adverb is formed from the Super- 
 lative of the Adjective by changing the final syllable of 
 the latter into e. 
 
 Adj 
 
 ECTIVES. 
 
 Positive. 
 
 doctus, 
 
 learned. 
 
 docte, 
 
 liber. 
 
 free. 
 
 libere, 
 
 pulcher. 
 
 beautiful. 
 
 pulchre. 
 
 fortis, 
 
 hrave. 
 
 fortiter. 
 
 similis, 
 
 Jih-e. 
 
 similiter, 
 
 aoer. 
 
 keim. 
 
 acriter, 
 
 felix, 
 
 lucky. 
 
 felicitSr, 
 
 prudens. 
 
 prudent. 
 
 prudenter. 
 
 Adverb?, 
 
 Comparative. 
 learnedly, doctius 
 freely. liberius 
 
 heautifnlly, pulchrius 
 hrarrly. lOrtius 
 alike. similius 
 
 keenly. acriua 
 
 luckily. felicius 
 prudently, prudeutius 
 
 Siipo-hitivc. 
 
 doctissime 
 
 liberrime 
 
 pulcherrime 
 
 fortjssime 
 
 simillime 
 
 aoerrlme 
 
 felicisslrae 
 
 Drildentispiine 
 
ADVERBS. 
 
 75 
 
 Adverbs are iirognlar in thoir Compnrisoti, if tlio Ad- 
 jectives from whicli they are derived are also irregular. 
 
 Adjectives. 
 
 b5nus, 
 
 malus, 
 
 multus, 
 
 magnus, 
 
 propiuqiius, 
 
 (pro; 
 
 good. 
 
 bail. 
 
 vaicli, inanif. 
 
 gnat. 
 
 near. 
 
 before. 
 
 bene, 
 male, 
 inultum. 
 
 Adveurs. 
 
 badlij, ill. 
 
 maguopere, ijnathj. 
 prope, 
 
 Sup, 
 optime 
 pessime 
 plurimum 
 maxinie 
 
 Comp, 
 
 melius 
 
 pejus 
 
 plus 
 
 _^ _^ magis 
 
 near, "nearly, propius proximS 
 prius prlraum & 
 [primo 
 
 EXEUCIHE XLI. 
 A.— 1. Gcrmani cum Romauis fortiter pn^nuivorunt. 2. Militcs 
 audacius rcsistero ac tortius ini-^naic iuciiavmt. S. Miles hostibus 
 fortissimo rcstitit. 4. Oalli Italiam lon^o h\UH\\\(i vastavcrunt. 
 
 5. Cicero Koscium avulacissimc delendit, 6. Jiulioein li tiiiuTO 
 debcnt, qui male e^eruut. 7. Dens mumliun t^apiciitissnno rej:;it. 
 8. Leones facilius viucuntur quam tii^ros. U. NuiKiuam jucuiulms 
 viximiis quam nunc. 10. Orationes Doniosthcnis ab Atheineusibus 
 attentissinie audiebantur. 
 
 1 Fi"ht bravely, soldiers; ye arc fightin.L: for your country. 
 2. Ko\v we shall live most dcli-htfully. 3. 'i'he Germans tou-ht 
 very bravely. 4. Hear the speech more attentively, citizens! o. 
 The Gauls laid waste the lands (a-2;er) of the llomans far and wide. 
 
 6. Ye have acted most wisely, citizens! 7. Vvbo doubts that the 
 Boldiers have fought moi.t bravely V 8. In this matter (res) Cicero 
 acted most prudently. \K The Gauls Averc not easily conquered. 
 10. Who doubts that God rules the world most wisely ^ 
 
 B _1. Non satis est vivsrc, debemus bene vivere. 2. Multnm 
 nrodest juventuti libros veterum legere. 3. Eo tempore Cicero 
 inaxime omnium reipublicac profuit. 4. Quis reipublicae plus quam 
 Cicero profuit? 5. Orator est {he is) ma.i^is (luam poeta. 0-_lian- 
 nibal, dux Pocnorum, proxime ad urbem accessit. 7. 1 rimum 
 Latinam lin^uam discerc incipiani. H. I'ropms ad portas urbis 
 accessit Hannibal ipiam Hasdrubal. V. I'es.sune omnium egisti ! 
 binos cives perdidisti ; improbis bene fecisti. 10. Pnus linguam 
 Latinam quam Graecam didicit. 
 
 1. It is easy to write ; it is not easy to write well. 2. (He) who 
 does not read attentivelv, reads ill. 3. It was difticult to api-roach 
 near to the gates. 4. Hannibal approached very-near to (ad) the 
 pates of Home. 5. Ther(> is no doubt that you have acted very-ill. 
 6. You have acted worse d'ejus) than all the others. 7. It is not 
 a great tiling to write mu(;h, it is a very-great thing to write well. 
 8. "First of all (thim:s), reverence tb.e celestial gods. t). We have 
 lived most pleasantly. ' 10. There is no duubt that to write well is 
 extremely-difficult. 
 
76 
 
 IRREGTJLAH VERBS, 
 
 
 m 
 
 • • ;!' 
 
 m 
 
 
 iij 
 
 
 
 •ijl 
 
 ] 
 
 ■! 1 
 
 ,' 1 
 
 
 '■ 
 
 XXXI.— -Irregular Verbs. 
 
 1. Possum, potui, posse, — to be able ; can 
 
 [Possum is coni]u)niulc<l of pot (putis, able) and sum, 
 2>ot being clmngod into s bolorc another s, 
 
 Indicative. 
 1. 
 
 S. ?os-sum 
 
 Pot-es 
 
 Pot-est 
 P. Po3-suraus 
 
 Pot-ebtis 
 
 Fos-sunt 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 PrcHi'nt. 
 
 Pos-sim 
 
 Pos-sis 
 
 Pos-sit 
 
 Pos-simus 
 
 Pos-silis 
 
 Pos-sint 
 
 2. Iniprrfccf. 
 
 S. P6t-6ram Pos-sem 
 
 Pot-eras Pos-sos 
 
 Pot-erat Pos-set 
 
 P. Pot-eramus, Pos-eemus 
 
 Pot-eratis Pos-setis 
 
 Pot-erant Pos-sent 
 
 3. Fittiiri'-Siitiple. 
 
 S. Pot-ero (wanting.) 
 
 Pot-eris 
 
 Pot-erit 
 P. P6t-erimu3 
 
 Pot-eritis 
 
 Pot-erunt 
 
 iNmCATIVJi. 
 
 4. Per/, 
 6'. P6t-ui 
 
 Pot-uisti 
 
 Pot-uit 
 1'. P6t-uimu8 
 
 Pot-uistis 
 
 Pot-uerunt (ere) 
 
 / arn, the; t iu 
 .1 
 
 ScBjrNCTlVK. 
 
 c(. 
 
 Pot-uerim 
 
 Pot-ueria 
 
 Pot-uerit 
 
 Pot-uerim fis 
 
 Pot-ueritis 
 
 Pot-uerint 
 
 5. Pluperfect. 
 S. Pot-ueram Pot-uissem 
 
 Pot-ueras 
 Pot-uerat 
 . Pot-ueramus 
 Pot-ueratis 
 Pot-uerant 
 
 Fot-uisses 
 
 Pot-uisset 
 
 Pot-uissemilB 
 
 Pot-uissetis 
 
 Fot-uisseut 
 
 G. Future'Perfect. 
 
 Pot-uero 
 Pot-ueris 
 Pot-uerit 
 . Pot-uerimiis 
 Pot-ueritis 
 Pot-uerint 
 
 (wanting.) 
 
 Infinitive. 
 
 Prcs. and Iniji.- Posse. Pi rj. and I'lnj).-^ Potuisse. F«/Mr<'~-\vanting. 
 (I'articiplu potens, ii.scil only aw Adjvviiw, 2>owerJ'nl.) 
 
 Exercise XLII. 
 
 1. E,2;o possum 1c;j;crc, tu jxites .scribero, soror potest acu pin;j;ere. 
 2. Tyrannus aMiuiiuu sapientis infringore )iou poterat. 3. Cur'heri 
 nobiscum anibulure non jKiterasV 4. Cura, ut jiossis aecj^iio animo 
 vitam relinipuTc. 5. Nemo dubitat, (piiii milites urbem defendere 
 ]iossint. G. INbircs tyranni ci amicos ])arare non i»otuerunt. 7. Non 
 diiliitamus, (piiu urli.s a civibus dd'cndi potuciit: H. Vix Caesar 
 milites c castris ocUumtc potucrat, (|iuim liostcs impetuin fecerunt. 
 J). Qmd melbis liomiiiil'ii^ dm-i p.ituir (juam ratictV 10. Virtutis 
 splendor r.unquam obscnrari poterit. 
 
 1. We are all able to be serviceable to (our) friends. 2. You will 
 not be able to be a friend to all. 3. Ilaunibul was not able to 
 
 t "l < ^ MHIUl. l H-l«» 
 
IBREGULAB VEBBS. 
 
 77 
 
 ottain-})ossossion-of tho city. 4. Cornelia was able to train her sous 
 most wisely. 5. No nne doubted that tho soldiors were able to 
 defend the city. 6. Wo cannot all be kings; we can all bo ^md 
 citizens, 7. Vuu will not be able U) read tSullust easily : he iii a 
 dilbcull author. 8. ('iicsar was iible to cnni|uer his enemies; he 
 was not able to coniiucr envy. 1». Those wicUcd men will not lie 
 able to leavi' life willi even mind. 10. Rest niiii (thy) tuni;ue ; so 
 tho| wilt be able to restrain also thy temiier (animus). 
 
 2. V6!o, v81ul, veils,— ^) be willing, to winh. 
 
 3. Nolo, nolui, noll§, — to he unwilliiKj, not to wish [aon v51o]. 
 
 4. Malo, malui, malle, — to be more willing, tu prefer, to hare rather 
 
 [magis volo]. 
 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 
 
 1. Present. 
 
 
 Sing. V81o 
 
 Nolo 
 
 Malo 
 
 Vis 
 
 Non vis 
 
 Mavis 
 
 Vult 
 
 Non vi\lt 
 
 Mavult 
 
 Plur. Volumiis 
 
 N51iimiis 
 
 MalumiiB 
 
 Vultia 
 
 Non vultifl 
 
 Mavultis 
 
 Volunt 
 
 Nolunt 
 
 2. Inijirrfect. 
 
 Malunt 
 
 Sing. V81-§bani 
 
 N51-ebam 
 
 Mal-ebam 
 
 Vol-ebas 
 
 Nol-ebas 
 
 Mal-ebas 
 
 Vol-ebat 
 
 Nol-ebat 
 
 Mfil-ebat 
 
 Plur. Vol-ebaniiis 
 
 Nol-ebamiis 
 
 Mal-ebamils 
 
 Vol-ebatis 
 
 Nol-ebatis 
 
 Mal-ebatls 
 
 V61-ebaut 
 
 Nol-ebant 
 8. Future-Simple. 
 
 Mal-ebant 
 
 Sing. V81-am 
 
 Ndl-am 
 
 Mai -am 
 
 V61-es 
 
 Nol-ea 
 
 Mal-es 
 
 V61-et 
 
 N61-et 
 
 Mal-et 
 
 Plur. V61-emu8 
 
 Nol-emiis 
 
 Mal-eraiis 
 
 Vol-etic 
 
 Nol-etis 
 
 Mal-etis 
 
 Vol-ent 
 
 Nol-ent 
 4. Pi'rfeet. 
 
 Mal-ent 
 
 Sing. V61-ui 
 
 N61-ui 
 
 Mal-ui 
 
 Vol-uisti 
 
 Nol-uisti 
 
 Mal-uistI 
 
 Vol-uit 
 
 Nol-uit 
 
 Mal-uit 
 
 Plur. V61-uimu3 
 
 Nol-uimiis 
 
 Mal-uimtls 
 
 Vol-uibtia 
 
 Nol-uistis 
 
 Mal-uistls 
 
 V61-uerunt or 
 
 -uere Nol-uerunt or ■ 
 
 ■ueie Mal-uorunt 
 
 Pr. L. I. 
 
 
 J 
 
I 
 
 78 
 
 IRREGULAR VERBS. 
 
 Sing, 
 
 riur. 
 
 IM 
 
 * : 
 
 it J 
 
 Sing. 
 
 riur. 
 
 h I 
 
 u 
 
 kI 
 
 If 
 
 
 
 
 ili'lH 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Plur. 
 
 V8l-ueram 
 
 V61-uera8 
 
 Vol-uerat 
 
 V61-ueramu8 
 
 Vol-ueratis 
 
 Vdl-ueraut 
 
 V51-u5ro 
 
 V61-ueris 
 
 V61-uerit 
 
 V61-uerimu8 
 
 Vol-ueritis 
 
 Vfil-ugrint 
 
 Vgl-im 
 
 Vel-is 
 
 Vel-it 
 
 Vel-imiia 
 
 Vel-itis 
 
 Vel-int 
 
 Vel-lem 
 
 Vel-les 
 
 Vel-let 
 
 Vel-lemfis 
 
 Vel-letis 
 
 Vel-lent 
 
 Vol-uerim 
 
 Vol-ueiis 
 
 Vol-uerit 
 
 V61-uerimu8 
 
 V61-ue litis 
 
 Vol-uerint 
 
 Vol-uissem 
 
 Vol-uisses 
 
 Volnuisset 
 
 Vol-uissemiis 
 
 Vol-uisaetis 
 
 Voi-uissent 
 
 5. Vluperfect, 
 
 Nol-ueram 
 
 Nol-ueras 
 
 Nol-uerat 
 
 Nol-ueraraiis 
 
 Nol-ueratis 
 
 Nol-ueraut 
 
 !. Future-rerfect. 
 
 Nol-uero 
 
 Nol-ueris 
 
 Nol-uerit 
 
 Nol-uerJmuB 
 
 Nol-ueritis 
 
 Nol-uerint 
 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 1. Present. 
 
 N61-im 
 
 Nol-is 
 
 N61-it 
 
 Nol-inius 
 
 Nol-itis 
 
 Nol-int 
 
 2. Imperfect. 
 
 Nol-lem 
 
 Nol-les 
 
 Nol-let 
 
 Nol-lemiis 
 
 Nol-letis 
 
 Nol-lent 
 
 3. PerfecL 
 
 Nol-uerim 
 
 Nol-ueris 
 
 Nol-uerit 
 
 Nol-uerimua 
 
 Nol-ueritis 
 
 Nol-uerint 
 
 4. Pluperfectt 
 
 Nol-uissem 
 
 Nol-uisses 
 
 Nol-uisset 
 
 Nol-uissemus 
 
 Nol-uissetis 
 
 Nol-uissent 
 
 Mal-uSram 
 
 Mal-ulras 
 
 Mal-uerat 
 
 Mal-ueramua 
 
 Mal-ueratis 
 
 Mal-ueraat 
 
 Mal-uero 
 
 Mal-ugrls 
 
 Mal-uerit 
 
 Mal-uerimus 
 
 Mal-ueritis 
 
 Mal-uerint 
 
 Mal-im 
 
 Mal-is 
 
 Mal-it 
 
 Hal-Imu8 
 
 Mal-itis 
 
 Mal-int 
 
 Mal-Iem 
 
 Mal-les 
 
 Mal-let 
 
 Mal-lemiiB 
 
 Mal-letis 
 
 Mal-lent 
 
 Mal-ugrim 
 
 Mal-ueris 
 
 Mal-uerit 
 
 Mal-uerimiis 
 
 Mal-ueritis 
 
 Mal-ueriut 
 
 Mal-uissem 
 
 Mal-uisses 
 
 Mal-uisset 
 
 Mal-uissemuB 
 
 Mal-uissetis 
 
 Mal-uissent 
 
 I 
 
IBREQULAR VERBS. 
 
 79 
 
 
 latrEBATIVK. 
 
 f 
 
 
 Present. 
 
 
 (wanting.) 
 
 Nol-i 
 N61-it5 
 
 b'uhire. 
 
 (wftiiting.) 
 
 (\v;iiit,ii)g.) 
 
 Nol-ito 
 Nol-Ito 
 Nol-itoto 
 Nol-unto 
 
 Infinitive. 
 Present and Imperfect. 
 
 (wiinting.) 
 
 Vel.l8 
 
 Nol-15 
 Perfect and Pluperfect. 
 
 Mal-18 
 
 ySl-uissS 
 
 N51-ai8se 
 PuESENT Participle. 
 
 M&l-oisoS 
 
 V61-en8 
 
 Nol-ens 
 
 (wanting.) 
 
 Exercise XLIII. 
 
 j^ — 1. Ego volo legero, tu vis scribere, frater vult pingcro. 2. Ego 
 domi sederc nolo, tu ainbularo noia vis. 3. Tn ambularo mavis 
 quam domi sedoro. 4. Surer saltarc mavultquam ambulare. 5. On* 
 te, ut mecuin ludere velis. 6. Dio, cur mc comitari nulis. 7. Orabaiu 
 to, ut mecum ludore vellcs. 8. Nesciebam, cur mo comitari iioUes. 
 
 9. Si beati esse voluiinis, sorto nostra coutenti esse debeinus. 
 IC. Si vis amari, ama ! 
 
 1. Wo do not wish to walk in the fields ; wo prefer to remain at 
 home. 2. We wished to read, you wished to write, (uur) brother 
 wished to paint. 3. I know-not (how) to dance ; I preferred to 
 write and to road. 4. I wished to read ; but my sister wislied to 
 King and to dance. 5. If you wish to be hai)py, imitate tlie ex- 
 amples of good men. 6. Alexander wished to extend his em))ire 
 beyond the Indi. 7. Wo do not all obtain tliose-things which 
 we wislu 8. I liad-rather (pres.) fight (inf.) against enemies than 
 against envy. t). Pompey was unwilling to dei)art from the city. 
 
 10. I entreat you to (ut) bo willing to accompany me. 
 
 B. — 1. Ego tibi prodesse malo quam ohesse. 2. Non dubito, 
 quin mihi prodesse malis quam obosse. 3. Nou dubitabam, (Utiii 
 prodesse mihi mallos (piam obosse. 4. Amicus maluit diligi (piam 
 metui. 5. Secundum naturam volent vivere. G. Cato esse quam 
 videri bonus malebat. 7. Boni esse mavultis quam nobiles et <li- 
 vites. 8. Pythagoras Apollini hustiam immolare noluit. 9. Ko- 
 lite dolori uiuiis iuiiulgere. 10. Amici oadom voile debcnt. 
 
 / 2 
 
80 
 
 IRREGTTLAR VERBS. 
 
 
 1 I 
 
 W 
 
 m 
 
 ji|l 
 
 !i ^ r : 
 
 1. I profor to bo f^ood (rathor) than to sooin (so). 2. Do not* 
 deceive ; do not* lie ; thoso lhiii{:;s (res) very greatly injure friend- 
 ship. 3. Kpaiiiiiininlas was luiwilliii;^ to Ho. 4. Y.)U wish the 
 same things wliich 1 (wish), o. We had-ratlier (pies.) Ix) (««/.) 
 useful to our country than lie (in/'.) rirli. it. A good man \vill 
 prefer to Ixs loved (i;itlier) tli;iii to bo feared. 7. l had-ratlior bo 
 loved by true friends tlian lie rit'li. 8. The ancient Romans sacri- 
 ficed very many victims totlio go(]s. 9. I'ytliagoras was unwilling 
 to indulge anger: ho preferred to restrain it. 10. Bo unwilling to 
 follow bad exanijiles, my aon ! 
 
 • Suy, JIt UHiuillivg to . , , . Compare No. 9 of tho Latin Bcntoncea. 
 
 6. Fgro, tilli, ferr8, latum,- 
 I. ACTIVE 
 Indicative. Ri-bjinctive. 
 
 1. Present. 
 
 8. 
 
 P?r-o 
 
 Fer-B 
 
 Fer-t 
 
 Fer-imiis 
 
 Fer-tis 
 
 Fer-unt 
 
 FSr-am 
 
 Fer-as 
 
 Fer-at 
 
 Fer-amus 
 
 Fer-atis 
 
 Fer-ant 
 
 8. 
 
 2. Imperfect. 
 
 FSr-ebam 
 
 F?r-eba8 
 
 Fer-ebat 
 
 Fgr-ebamiis 
 
 Fer-ebatis 
 
 Fer-ebant 
 
 Fer-rem 
 
 Fer-res 
 
 Fer-rei; 
 
 Fer-remus 
 
 Fer-retis 
 
 Fer-rent 
 
 8. Future-Shiqile. 
 
 8. Fer-am 
 Fer-es 
 Fer-et 
 
 P. Fer-emiia 
 Fer-etifl 
 Fer-ent 
 
 (wanting.) 
 
 iMrERATIVE. 
 
 Present Fer 
 
 Fer-t§ 
 Future Fer-to 
 
 Fer-to 
 Fer-t6t§ 
 Fer-unto 
 Infinitive. 
 Free, and Imp. Fer-re 
 Per/, and Plu^. Tiil-isse 
 Future, LatHriis esse 
 
 -to hear, carry, endure, 
 VOICE. 
 Indicative. Subjunotive. 
 4. Perfect. 
 S. TGl-i Tul-grim 
 
 Tul-isti Tul-eria 
 
 Tiil-it Tul-Srit 
 
 P. Tul-imiis Tul-erimiia 
 
 Tul-istis Tiil-eritis 
 
 Tiil-erunt or ere Tiil-erint 
 
 n. Pluperfect. 
 
 8. 
 
 Tul-eram 
 
 Tfil-eras 
 
 Tiil-erat 
 
 Tul-eramiis 
 
 Tul-eratis 
 
 Till-crant 
 
 Tiil-issem 
 
 Tul-isses 
 
 Tiil-isset 
 
 Tiil-issemiia 
 
 Tiil-issetis 
 
 Tul-issent 
 
 G. Future-Perfect. 
 
 8. Tiil-ero 
 Tul-eris 
 Tul-erit 
 
 P. Tiil-enmiis 
 Tul-eritia 
 Tiil-erint 
 
 (wanting.) 
 
 Pauticiples. 
 Prenent. Fer-ens 
 
 Future. LaturfisJ (a, um) 
 
 Supines. 
 
 Latum 
 Latu 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Gehvnd. 
 Fei'-endi 
 
 &0. 
 
{ 
 
 limEOULAU VKUUS. 
 
 81 
 
 II. PASSIVE VOICIO. 
 
 Indicative. Hiiuinltive. 
 
 1. iVtw/*/. 
 
 Ftr-flr 
 r6 Fir-arls, -are 
 
 For-atur 
 
 S. FSr-6r 
 Fe.r-ri8, 
 Fer-lur 
 Ftr-Imur 
 Fer-imini 
 FSr-untiir 
 
 1 
 
 8. 
 
 Fer-eb&r 
 
 Fer-ebaris, 
 
 Fer-ebatur 
 
 Fer-ebainur 
 
 Fer-ebamini 
 
 FSr-ebantur 
 
 Fer-amur 
 
 Fer-amini 
 
 Fer-autur 
 
 Iiiipcrfict. 
 
 Fer-rcr 
 are Fer-rerxs, -ere 
 Fer-retur 
 Fer-iemur 
 Fer-remini 
 Fer-rentur 
 
 ^^ 
 
 S. 
 
 3. Future-Siinjilf 
 
 Fer-ar 
 
 I'er-erJs, - 
 
 "?er-etiir 
 
 Fer-emur 
 
 Fer-emini 
 
 FSr-entur 
 
 erh 
 
 (wuiiting.) 
 
 Ini>^ Aiivi:. 
 
 4. 
 
 Lfitus Eum 
 L:itu8 es 
 Latus est 
 Lati SU111U8 
 Lati estls 
 Lati sunt 
 
 SiiwrNOTrvB, 
 
 Per/'H. 
 
 I.atus sim 
 Latus sis 
 Latus sit 
 Lati simils 
 Lati sitiB 
 Lati sint 
 
 5. riiipiifrrt. 
 Latus 5ram Latus essem 
 
 Latus eras 
 Latus erat 
 7'. Lati eramus 
 Lati eratis 
 Lati erant 
 
 G. Fntiin 
 
 S. Latus ero 
 Latus cris 
 Lfitus erit 
 
 r. Lati erimuB 
 Lati eritis 
 Lati erunt 
 
 Latus esees 
 Latus G' 85t 
 Lati essemiis 
 Lati essetls 
 Lati essent 
 
 •Vtrfi'ct. 
 (wanting.) 
 
 Vresent. 
 
 Future. 
 
 Imi'Kkativk. 
 Fer-re 
 Fer-iminl 
 
 Fer-tor 
 For-tor 
 Fer-untor 
 
 Infinitive. 
 Vreit. and Jirif). Fer-ri 
 Fof. and J'lup. Latus essS 
 Future. Latum iri 
 
 PaUTI('I1'I.K,8. 
 
 Perfect. Latus (a, um) 
 
 Gerundive. Fer-endus (a, um) 
 
 Tho Compounds of fero arc conjngatcil in tho samo 
 
 way, e. g. 
 
 AtWro 
 AufCro 
 EffCro 
 Inforo 
 
 cxrero 
 
 PeriCro 
 
 (lib, 
 (rx, 
 (ui, 
 (oh, 
 (inr, 
 
 fero), 
 fero), 
 
 flTO), 
 
 fero), 
 fero), 
 fero), 
 
 PraefCro (priie, fero), 
 KefCro (ru, fero), 
 
 attrill, 
 
 iilistfili, 
 
 extnli, 
 
 intfili, 
 
 obtuli, 
 
 pertilli, 
 
 ullfituiu, 
 
 uhlutuni, 
 
 elutiini, 
 
 illutuni, 
 
 oblatiuu, 
 
 pcrlutuni, 
 
 aufirri^. 
 
 iiit'crre, 
 olVirrC, 
 litrft'rri?, 
 jiraetnll, praelatuui, laaeferrC, inefer. {i-ndtire. 
 
 r^'uQli} ^^'''^*^""''' rC-ferrC, hrinij back. 
 
 hriiuj to. 
 carnj <nntij. 
 carry out. 
 carry into. 
 2>resent. 
 liear thronijh , 
 
 Exercise XLTV. 
 1. Scncctus afTcrt- prndeDiiain, 2. Laudn voh, quod misero af(|nt 
 inopi auxilium fertis. 
 
 3. Ferrc laborciu consuetude) ducot. 4. Kiliil 
 
82 
 
 limEGULAR VERBS. 
 
 M !| 
 
 potoBt iiraofiTii virtuti. 5. ('mubainus, nt vobin anxlVam fcr- 
 renuiH. (>. Ilux curabut, ut iiiopilm.s civiVms auxilium lerretur. 7. 
 Non oninis aj^tT, (jui s( litnr, fcrt fnij^crt. 8. A^ri^inla iiuupertatis 
 onus paticntcr tulit. \). I'Vr imtii'iitcr luburcm. 10. Milites iu 
 itiuuribus inultaH aeruninas |iertulurunt. 
 
 1. Socrates bore banlslii[)s luuMt jiatit'iitly. 2. Loam tliou to 
 boar woU ploasuro and pain. 3. Cato bom oKl a^o exci'llcntly-woll 
 {snperL of Imjuu). 4. 'J'licro is no donbt that old ago brings many 
 sorrows witli it (sccuiii). 5. Caosar ordcriMl two coliorts to bring 
 assistance to the cavalry, (i. 1 liave learned to bring assistance to 
 the wretched. 7. A sailor ought to bo able to boar jtatitintly tho 
 hardships of tho sea. 8. A good man is able to bear with even mind 
 tho hanlships of life. 9. Who can endure the disct)urse of this 
 unlearned man? 10. Tho Komans knew (how) to bear with even 
 mind the greatest disasters. 
 
 6. £o, Ivi or n, irS, Itum, — /o j/o. 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 RblULNUTIVK 
 
 1. Present. 
 
 S. £-0 
 
 E-am 
 
 i-s 
 
 £-as 
 
 1-t 
 
 E-at ^ 
 
 p. i-miis 
 
 E-amiis 
 
 i-tis 
 
 E-ati8 
 
 E-unt 
 
 E-ant 
 
 2. Imperfect. 
 
 8. I-bam 
 
 i-rem 
 
 i-bas 
 
 i-res 
 
 i-bat 
 
 i-ret 
 
 p. I-LamiiB 
 
 i-ri'tniia 
 
 i-bati3 
 
 i-reiis 
 
 i-bant 
 
 i-rent 
 
 3. Future-Simple. 
 
 8. i-bo 
 
 (wanting.) 
 
 i-Hs 
 
 
 i-bit 
 
 
 V. i-bimiis 
 
 
 i-bitis 
 
 
 i-bunt 
 
 
 Indicative. SrnJi'NCTivE. 
 4. Perfect. 
 t-l i-verim or I-8rim 
 
 f-vi or 
 
 i-visti 
 
 i-vit 
 
 i-vimiis 
 
 i-vistis 
 
 i-verunt 
 
 &c. i-veris 
 &o. I-verit 
 &o. I-verimus 
 &o. i-veritis 
 &o. i-verint 
 
 &o. 
 &o. 
 
 or i-verS 
 
 -S. 
 
 5. Pluperfect. 
 
 i-veram or i-vissem, i-issem, 
 
 l-eram or I-ssem 
 
 I-veras &o. i-visses &o. 
 
 i-verat &o. I-viseet &o. 
 
 i-veramus&c. I-visserails &c. 
 
 i-veratis &o. I-vissetis &o. 
 
 i-verant &o. i-vissent &o. 
 
 S. 
 
 G. Fnture-1 
 
 I-vero or I-ero 
 I-veris &c. 
 i-verit &o. 
 i-verim\is &o. 
 I-veritis &o. 
 i-verint &o. 
 
 erfect. 
 (wanting.) 
 
 iMrEUATlVE. 
 
 Present. 
 
 f-f* 
 
 Future. 
 
 !-to 
 i-to 
 
 I- tote 
 £*uiito 
 
IIUIEOULAR VEUUS. 
 
 83 
 
 t-Srim 
 &o. 
 &o. 
 &o. 
 &o. 
 
 > ■■ 
 
 InI'MNITIVK. 
 
 Pren. and Imp. I-r8 
 I'er/.aniirinp. I-visse, tisso.orissS 
 Future. I-turus esso 
 
 Pnnfut. 
 Fit I lire. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 GEurNi). 
 £-undi, &o. 
 
 I'AllTIini'LM. 
 
 f-ons (ii'ii. d'Untls) 
 I-turu8 (&, um) 
 
 HVI'INE, 
 
 I-tam 
 
 The C(>m])ouii»lH of eo arn coiijugatud in thu kuiuo way. 
 Tho t'ollowiii^- arc llu; priiifipal : - 
 
 ab-Co, ab-li, 
 
 C'X-OO, &o. 
 
 In-ci), intru-oo, A;(' 
 
 iuWr-oo, 
 
 6l)-o(), 
 
 pCr-i'rt, 
 
 l»riii-i)0, 
 
 jtriu'tCr-oo, 
 
 reil-c<», 
 
 Hab-fi), 
 
 iib-Ituiu, to (jii itimij. 
 ti) ijii til. 
 
 til ji'in Inilitlur. 
 
 til ijn nut. 
 
 to ijn into, I Ittir. 
 
 to pni.ili. 
 
 to mot ; csp. to nuil (hath ; to die. 
 
 to ])i rifh. 
 
 to ijo III fore. 
 
 to yiKSS l>IJ. 
 
 tv ntinii. 
 to ijo up to. 
 to cross oi'rr. 
 
 tec. 
 
 &C. 
 
 fic. 
 iVo. 
 
 &0. 
 
 &c. 
 
 &0. 
 
 &0. 
 
 tmiiH-o(», 
 N.B. In till! t'oiiiliDunds tUu I'unn ii in uwid in pri.'1'irtiicc to ivi. 
 
 PLxKiU'isic XLV. 
 
 1. Ego aboo, tu ex itincrc rnlis. 2. IV-st mortem corpus intcrit, 
 animus muKHiaiii intoribit. 'A. Quum animi nostri ex corporibiis 
 cxicriut, non intcribiiut. 4. In jm;^na atrocissima nmlti fortissimi 
 militcs pcriiTunt. 5. Curare delienms, ne vitam i;^nave transc- 
 amus. G. Militese ca.stris redeuutes oecisi sunt. 7. Hocrates aetpio 
 atquo hilari auinio diem supr(!mum obiit. 8. Maj^na pars militum 
 fame et fri^ore interiit. i). Alpes nemo umiuam ante Jlaniiibalcm 
 cum oxcrcitu transierat. 10. AU-xander udire ad Jovis oraculum 
 
 statuit. 
 
 1. Very many (persons) spend (transoo) their life ind(dently. 
 2. Let us go-out (pres. snhj.) from the camp ; let us return (pres. 
 subj.) into the city. 3. Caesar tlirew a bridge over the river, in-order- 
 that his soldiers might cross on foot (iHjdibus). 4. A brave man 
 will meet hi« last day with even mind. 5. Fifteen thousand of the 
 Romans perished in that sanguinary battle. 6. We ought all to be 
 able to meet (our) last day with even nund. 7. After tlie battle 
 very many perished of hunger (ahl.) and cold (abl.). 8. Let us 
 go-to (2>rts. siihj.) the temples of the gods. 9. I pass-by very 
 many things iii silence. 10. It^ly is fovtififf! by the Alps, (those) 
 most lofty niountaius, which an army will uot easily cross-over. 
 
84 
 
 mUEQULAU VERBS). 
 
 7. Flo, factus sum, f ISrI,— to become, or he marie, to happen. 
 
 If 
 
 iNinOATIVK. SirJlNt'TlVK. 
 
 1. Prr.<,')it. 
 
 S. Fi-o Fi-am 
 
 Fi-s Fi-as 
 
 Fi-tn/-fi.t Fi-ftt 
 
 P. [Fi-mus] Fi-aniua 
 
 [Fi-tis] Fi-atis 
 
 Fi-unt Fi-aut 
 
 2. Imperfect. 
 
 S. Fi-ebam Fi-erem 
 
 Fi-ebas Fi-eres 
 
 Fi-ebat Fi-eret 
 
 P. Fi-ebamu8 Fi-eremus 
 
 Fi-ebatx8 Fi-eretis 
 
 Fi-ebant Fi-erent 
 
 IXDICATIVE. SlUJJUNCTIVB. 
 
 3. Future. 
 
 S, Fi-am (wanting.) 
 
 Fi-es 
 
 Fi-et 
 r. Fi-emiis 
 
 Fi-etis 
 
 Fi-ent 
 
 4. rerfed. 
 
 Factus sum, &c, Factus aim, &o. 
 
 5. rin perfect. 
 Factus eram, &c. Factus essem, &o, 
 
 (5. Future-rerfect. 
 Factus ero, &c. (wanting.) 
 
 : \ 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 ^\ if 
 
 
 ' 1 
 
 ! 1 
 
 
 i ■< 
 
 i 
 
 : : 
 
 \ K 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 ^ 
 
 J 
 
 t 
 
 
 \ 
 
 
 
 s 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 ! \ 
 
 \ 
 
 , 
 
 '- 
 
 e 
 
 iMPEnATlVE. 
 
 Present. Fi, Fi-te 
 
 Pauticii'lks. 
 Perfect. Factus (a, urn) 
 
 Gerundive, Faciendus (a, um) 
 
 Infinitive. 
 Pres. and Imp. Fi-erl 
 Perf. Olid Plup. Factus ess5 
 Futnre. Factum Irl 
 
 Fio is used as tho PuHsivo of fUoio. 
 
 • EXKRCISE XLVI. 
 
 1. Nemo fit casu bonus. 2. Ex uinico inimicus, ox inimico 
 amicus fieri potest. 3. Seiiectuto pnuleutior fis, 4. Nemo ignavia 
 iramortalis Tirtus est. 5. Dens dixit: Hat, et faetus est mundus. 
 6, A]md veteres Itoiaanos ex a,u;riccilis iiebant consnles. 7. The- 
 mistoclis consilio factum est, ut Atheuienses iirbeui relinqucrent. 
 
 8. Onus quod bene fertur levo fit. 9. (^uod factum est, infectum 
 fieri non potest. 10. Qui noxium adjuvabit, tiet socius culpae. 
 
 1. No one becomes altogether-base (superl.) by chance. 2. This 
 heavy burden was made light by patience. 3. There is no doubt 
 that tho heaviest griefs become lighter by patience. 4. Bear 
 these things through, citizens: (things) done cannot be made 
 undone. 5. In time our soldiers will be made more- daring. 6. 
 Two^ consuls were appointed (made). 7. There is no doubt that 
 the danger has become more severe with time. 8. In the winter 
 (hibernus, adj.) time the days become shorter and tho nights longer. 
 
 9. In the time of Philip, the Athenians had become the allies of the 
 Romans. 10. Do not assist a guilty-person ; in-that-way you will 
 becouo a partner in ( = of) his fault. 
 
 1^1 i I fi' 
 
 y 
 
NEUTEU-PAS81VE VEIUJS. 
 
 86 
 
 8. Neuteu-Passive Verbs. 
 
 Bcsitles Fio sovoral other Intransitive Verbs forin their 
 Perfect tenses ut'ter the manner uf i'ussives. The i)riuci],)al 
 of these are the folluwin^ : — 
 
 Audeo, ausus sum, audere, '" <J'ir<\ venture. 
 
 Fido, fisus sum, fidere (usii. with Ihd.), to tnii^t. 
 
 Gaudeo, gavisus sum, gaudere, to r>'j()ice. 
 
 Soleo, solitus sum, solere, to he accustomed. 
 
 So too cocno, to sup or dine, often takes coenatns Bum, and 
 
 juro, to sioear, jurritus sum, instead of coenavi, juravi. 
 
 Such Verbs are'calleil Semi-Deponents or Neuter-Passives. 
 
 Note.— Tlie Future lutinitivo of tUeso Verbs ia formed as in the 
 
 Active voice : ausurfls cssC, &c. 
 
 Exercise XLVII. 
 
 1. NonnuUao avos propc ad domicilia hominum acccdcrc andent. 
 2. Optimus illo vir mori aiisus est ; nou autem mentiii. 3. Canes 
 Bolebaut curreiitcs biborc in llniniiie Nile. 4. Jam cocnati craniua, 
 et in horto ambulabanms. 5. ]\Iaxin.c j^avibi sunt elves quod urba 
 servata crat. G. In has lo?;es jurati estis, et uebetis jusjurandum 
 vestrum conservarc. 7. Solitus estSuU.u alicpiid (luotidie addiscerc. 
 8. Multumgavisi sunt Eoniani quod I'oenos navali praelio vicerant. 
 a*. Caesar fi'sus est rebus suis. 10. Gavisus est consul quod ilium 
 tam fidelem socium repererat. 
 
 1. The ancient Britons were accustomed to clothe themselves 
 with skins. 2. Some animals arc accustomed to dwell both (et) 
 in the water and on (in) land. 3. The Ilelvetii were accustomed 
 to receive hostages, not to j^ive (them). 4. Tlie K(jmans rejoiced 
 when Cicero returned to the city. 5. The f^eneral trusted to him- 
 self. (). Dare to die, citizens ! 7. When you return (/«<.-2Jn/.), we 
 shall alrea<ly have dined. 8. All the ma.ijjistrates had sworn to (m 
 with (ICC.) the laws. 9. Wo ought to rejoice because the war has 
 been brou-^ht-to-an-end (iinio)-' 10. The whole city rejoiced tht*' 
 (quod) the conspiracy had been discovered. 
 
 y^ 
 
86 
 
 IMPEKSONAL VEKBS. 
 
 XXXII. — Impeksonal Verbs. 
 
 ImpiTRoiijil Y()rl)S arc such as cannot have 
 8nl)jcct (J, thon, he), and art) UBcd only in 
 Person Singular. 
 
 a Personal 
 the Third 
 
 M \ 
 
 I u 
 
 /I 
 
 * I . 
 
 illH 
 
 The following arc tlio principal Impersonal Verbs : — 
 
 I. VeRUS WIUCII DENOI'K MkNI'AL StATES. 
 
 (^ Decet, decuit, decere, 
 ^ Dedecet, dedecuit, dodecere, 
 //Libet, libuit & libitum est, liberg, 
 
 yK, Licet, llcuit & licitum est, licere. 
 
 it is seemh/, ln'romes. 
 it is niiKi()ii!i/, unhe- 
 it pleuKcu. [roming. 
 
 it is laioj'ul, it is alluweil. 
 ^, ,,■ ^/y-f. -liquet, liquere, it is clear. 
 
 ^i^ ('■.f^'^^ Miseret or miseretur, niiseritum est, miserere, it exeitt's pity. 
 
 6portet, oportuit, oportere, it hchovcs ; (oHfi) ought. 
 
 Plget, piguit & pigitum est, pigere, it rexes. 
 
 --Placet, placuit or placitum est, placere, it pleases. 
 
 ' Poenitet, poenituit, poenitore, it causes sorrow, repents. 
 
 ■ Pudet, puduit or puditum est, pudere, it shames. 
 
 ^ Taedet, (pertaesum est,) taedere, it disgusts, wearies. 
 
 ) 
 
 The Persons are expressed in the following way : — 
 
 Indicative. 
 
 Present. Pudet me, it shames me, or I ain ashamed. 
 
 Pudet te, it shames tlicc, or thou art ashamed. 
 Piidet eum, it shames him, or fie is ashamed. 
 Pudet nos, it shames us, or xve are ashamed. 
 Pudet V6s, it shames you, or ye are ashamed. 
 Pfidet eos, it shames them, or thi'ij are ashamed. 
 
 Imperfect. Pudebat me, te, eum, nos, v6s, eos, it shamed me, thee, htm, us, <fc„ 
 
 or J, tliiiu, he, we, Ac., nrrt ashamed. 
 
 Fut.»Simp. Pudebit me, te, eum, nos, vos, eos, it wUl shitme me, thee, Am, 
 
 LIS, lie., or /, thou, he, we, <tc., will be ashamed, 
 Perfect. Puduit me, te, eum, he, I, thou, he, <{-c., wns ashamed. 
 I'luperfeet. Puduerat me, te, eum, &c., /, thou, he, Ac., had been ashamed, 
 Fut.'l'erf. Puduerit me, te, eum, &c., /, tfiou, he, Ac, will have been aihamed. 
 
 And similarly for the Snl)juncfivo Mood. Tho Imperative is not 
 found; tho Pres. of tlio Suhjuiictivo being used instead; as, 
 pudeat to, let it shame thee, or be ashamed ! 
 
 All these Verbs govern tho subject in tho Accusative Case, ^ccp t 
 ' ^ 'T t. V, ^\i m % 'M"] I'li-i MJ ■u.liirh p)vern -tha.Uative : ae, 
 nilhi llnCt, it plec 
 liberty, <fco. 
 
 / 
 
 leases me {inihi licet, it is lawful for me, I am at 
 
IMPERSONAL VERBS. 
 
 87 
 
 \ 
 
 II. Verbs which denote Atmosi'hehicai. Thenomena. 
 
 ) Orandinat, avit, are, 
 
 I Ningit, ninxit, ningerg, 
 
 ) Pluit, pluit or pluvit, pluere, 
 
 ) Tonat, tonuit, tonare, 
 
 ) LQcesoit, (illnxit.) lucescere,^ 
 
 > VespSrascit, vesperavit, vosperasoere, 
 
 it ]itiil8. 
 
 it !<)101I'8. 
 
 it rdiiiK. 
 it thnn^hro. 
 it hcrotiii'i' Uijhf. 
 evening coiutti on. 
 
 EXKRCISE XLVIII. 
 
 1 Mo pudct i>ocnitct(iue stultitiao niwio. 2. Homines infamiao 
 sua; mn pud it i^no taodot. 8. N..s oportet hoc lacere. 4. 
 Ss nlulLbit cassis cxiro. .5, ^o c.vUaUs n.^n |n,ot U^ 
 dctaue 6. Oratoreiu irasci minmio docot. <. ^on libtt mini 
 do loiaro vitam. 8. Tlacuit Caosari, ut ad Anuvistum logatu3 
 tiW 9 I'ucros dccot tacoro. 10. Si forte touucrat. vetorus 
 tribuerc solcbant Jovi. 
 
 1 That wicked man Qicc.) repents not of his crime (scelus). 
 2. Wl a^^do" it behove v^ J^vJ 3 It behoved y;- to maintr^m 
 the laws. 4. It-is-mibecomin-iu a citizen to deceiNo hi8 k ow- 
 c iti/ '^ 5 1 am vexed and dis;..Misted at tlic folly 0/^'".) ot these 
 men 6. In the winter it .seulum thunders ; in the snnune 
 ^ eldom snows. 7. Evening-is-comin-on ; let us go-out-tron 
 the twcaml le,t us return to° the city. 8 On the same < ay i 
 
 hunlien^d, hailed, snowed, (and) nune.l 0. You nui^. ^^^ 
 to you) go forth {!»/.) from the city, citizens 1 10. Da.o to be lice, 
 liouiaus ! it is allowed to all to die ! 
 
 
( 88 ) 
 
 j 
 
 III 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 t , 
 
 i 
 
 % 
 
 1 
 
 m 
 
 lit?! "' 
 '■ I. ? * ■' 
 
 PAUT II. 
 
 SOME SYNTACTICAL) EULES, 
 
 The pupil slioiild repeat tlio Syntactical Eultis alroady 
 
 given :- 
 
 lilLK 1 
 
 •I 
 :\ 
 
 4 
 
 i) 
 G 
 
 f 
 
 n 
 
 I'ilRC 
 
 
 I'dflO 
 
 
 
 Pnpf 
 
 4 
 
 Ki-i.K 7 
 
 .. .. i;^ 
 
 Rii.i 
 
 i:i .. 
 
 .. 48 
 
 4 
 
 „ 8 
 
 .. 21 (22) 
 
 ji 
 
 14 .. 
 
 .. 4y 
 
 4 
 
 » '• 
 
 .. 25(2(1) 
 
 " )> 
 
 15 .. 
 
 .. G2 
 
 4 
 
 „ 10 
 
 .. .. i{G 
 
 )) 
 
 iG .. 
 
 .. 70 
 
 G 
 
 r 11 
 
 .. .. 4G 
 
 »> 
 
 17 .. 
 
 .. 71 
 
 10 
 
 „ i^ 
 
 .. ..48 
 
 
 
 
 H 
 
 j'i 
 
 ii 
 
 n 
 
 I 
 
 ll 
 
 7 
 
 ! 
 
 H 1^ 
 
 
 ^ 1 
 
 I' 
 
 i 1 
 
 F : 
 
 
 ! 
 i 1 
 
 ' 4 
 
 J ' 
 
 - I 
 
 ; I 
 
 1 
 
 i n 
 
 \ i 
 
 1 ' 
 
 J- 
 
 
 1 \ 
 ) i 
 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 i 1 
 
 1 1 
 
 ^ 1 
 
 ! ^ 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 ■ 
 
 ,' 
 
 •Ii 
 
 !■ 
 
 1 ! 
 1 1 
 
 Sj 
 
 ' i 1 
 
 ll 
 
 u 
 
 f! 
 
 ! ' 
 
 
 ^S 
 
 \: 
 
 ll... 
 
 ^ , 
 
 A A 
 
 XXXlII. — The Ablative afteii the Coaipahative. 
 
 EuLE 18, — After Afljectives in the Coinparativo degree 
 quam may be omitted and the Al)lativc used instead of the 
 Nominative or Accusative : as, vllius argentimi est auro, 
 silver is more common than gold. 
 
 Exercise XLTX. 
 
 1. Vilius arfTontnm est auro, virtutihus aurum. 2. Dons major 
 et potcntior est cunctis. 3. Niliil est niajus amicitifi, nihil jncnn- 
 dins. 4. Homini Dens nihil mcnte praestabilius dcdit. 5. Igno- 
 ratio fnturornm malornni utilior esse videtnr scientifi. 0. Elo- 
 phanto nulla belluaruni prudentior est. 7. Tullus llostilius non 
 solum proximo rec^i dissimilis, sed ferocior etiani lUnnulo fuit. 
 8. Humana omnia inferiora sunt virtute, 9. I'hidiae simnlacris 
 nihil est perfectius. 10. Sol major et splendidior est luna. 
 
 1. What is brighter than the sun? What more excellent tha,. 
 virtue? 2. Who doubts that the sun is larger than the moon? 
 
 3. The earth is greater than the moon; the sur than the earth. 
 
 4. Silver and gold are brighter than iron. 5. The elephant is more 
 sagacious than all (other) lieasts. G. There is no doubt that the 
 knowledge of these things is better than the ignorance (of them). 
 7. (jaosar was more powerful than all (the icbL of) the citiiieiis. 
 
 
ABLATI\T. ABSOLUTE. 
 
 89 
 
 6. What is commoner than water? yet (aiitem) what [» more use- 
 ful V U. llatro'l is better tliau pretence of I'ritiiulsliip. 10. iS'o-ouo 
 of the Atheuians is more renowned than Sticratea. 
 
 4 
 
 J 
 
 XXX IV.— AHLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 
 
 Ktjt.e 19. — When a siiliordinato elanso has a different 
 suljject from the H\il)jcc;t of the principal clan.si', tho English 
 Verb in tho subordiiiato clause is in Latin expressed by a 
 Substantive and Participle in tho Ablative Case. This 
 construction is called tho Aulative Ausolute : as, solo or to, 
 Roman! hostes vlderunt, when the sun had risen [lit. the sun 
 having risen] the Bomans sate the enemy. 
 
 There is no Perfbct Participle Active in Latin, except 
 in tho case of Deponent Verbs. But the English Perfect 
 Participle Active may often bo cxpres.s(,"d by means of 
 tho Latin Perfect Participle Passive, in tho Ablative 
 Absolute : as, Caesar, oxposito exorcitu, ad hostes contendit, 
 Caesar, having landed the armij [lit. the army having been 
 landed], hastens against the enemy. 
 
 N.B. Tho pni)il must carefully observe that it is not tho Sulyect 
 of tho principal ncntciioe, l)ut,'tho Accusative after the \orb 
 which bucouKJs the Al)lativo Absolute. 
 
 Exercise L. 
 
 A.— 1. Solo oricnte, nox fn.^it. 2. Recuperatil pace, artes efllo- 
 rcscunt. 3. Alpibus superatis, Hannibal in Italiam venit. 4. La- 
 bitur aetas, nobis non sentientibus. 5. Pompeius, ineuuto verc, 
 bellum susoepit. 6. His paratis rebus, Caesar milites naves con- 
 Bcenderc jubet. 7. Cognito hostium adventu, Caesar naves ex 
 portu educit. 8. Caesar, exposito exereitu, ad hostes contenlet. 
 9. Nivibus sulntis, intuniesccre suleut ilumina. 10. Solon et i'isis- 
 tratus, Servi'j TuUio regnante, vixerunt. 
 
 Note. — In the two following Exercises, tho words which aro to be 
 expressed by the Ablative Absolute are put in italics. 
 
 1. TI7/<;/i the sun rises (the sun rising), all (tilings) become 
 brighter. 2. When the moon hnd rise)), the night was ma<lo 
 brighter. 3. IHicn Cato was slain, the commonwealth perished. 
 4. When these things tvere done, Caesar orders las soldiers to em- 
 bark. 5. Caesar, nflcr he had overcome the (hinls, waged war with 
 Povxipeius. (k Having heard these thimjs, he led his army to tho 
 banks of the river. 7. Whilst Scroius Tullius nns king (Serv. Tnll. 
 heing-kin i), the city was fortified with a wall of-sU)ne. 8. Having 
 learned these things^ he hastened into tho territory of tlio enemy. 
 
 
m 
 
 i j,n 
 
 if 
 
 I S ' 
 
 1 1; 
 
 90 
 
 ACCUSATIVE OF TIME, SPACE, ETC. 
 
 9. Haviug thrown ahridr/e across the river (the river heing joined hy 
 a brid(/e), he orders the Kohliiirs to cross. 10. Ifavimj disembarked 
 his soi'liers, ho hogau to lay waste the lands of the enemy. 
 
 B,— 1. Bcllo rnnico confceto, trium]>liavit Sciino cum simimo 
 honcire. 2. Difrio apud Arhdam victo, Alexander Asia potitus est. 
 3. His Uteris perlectis, consul ciniprehendi eos jnbet. 4. Conju- 
 ratioue detecta, jam servata esse videbatur ci vitas. 5. Senatu con- 
 vocato, Cic(!ro literas recitat qnas de conjurationc accepcrat. 6. His 
 rebus paratis, conteiidit ('aesar niaximis itineribus in ao;r(>s Ilelveti- 
 oriim. 7. Delectu habito, consul ad exercitum statim proficiscitur. 
 3. Catone mc^rtuo, nulla jam erat respublica. 0. Caesare occiso, gra- 
 vissimo vexata est res])ublica bello civili. 10. rroelio coramisso, 
 conantur Galli aciem Ilomauorum pcrrumperc. 
 
 1. Having learned these things, Caesar orders his soldiers ^o 
 embark immediately. 2. Having learned their (eorum) plan, Cae.s.ir 
 led his army into the territories of Cassivellaunus. 3._ Caesar, 
 having sent/onoard his cavalry, ordered the le,a;ions immediately to 
 follow up. 4. Our men, having slain many of (va) the enemy, re- 
 turned to the camp. 5. Cassivellaumis, having heard of this disaster, 
 sends ambassadors to (ad) Caesar concerrdng peace. G. Having 
 extended (his) empire as far as the Indus, Alexander returned to- 
 wards the west. 7. Wien this war is finished, we shall be able 
 to enjoy peace. 8. (With) you (for) our leader, we shall be safe. 
 9. When old age is attained (ade])tus*), our bodies become more 
 feeble. 10. Having slain many of (ex) the enemy, he led his army 
 into winter quarters. 
 
 • Adeptus, with a ffiw other I'erf. Participk-s of Deponent Verbs, is used both in 
 an Active and Passive sense. 
 
 XXXV.— The Accusative ExrEEssma Duration or 
 Extent op Time, Distance, and Dimension. 
 
 Rule 20. — The answers to the questions, Eoio long ? How 
 far ? How high ? Hoio deep ? How broad ? How old? are put 
 in Latin in the Accusative case : as, sex et viginti annds 
 rognavit, he reigned twenty-six years; aggercni latum pedes 
 trecentos, altum pedes quinquaginta exstruxerunt, ihey 
 heaped up a mound 300 feet broad and 50 feet high. 
 
 The Accusative, answering the question How long? is 
 called the accusative of duration of time. 
 
 EXKIICISK LI. 
 
 1. Romulus septen) et trij;inta annos regnavit. 2. "Quaedam 
 bestiolao unum diein vivunt. 8. Antj;ustus septem horas dormiebat. 
 4. Troja d.cc'Mn annos a Graecis obse;ssa est. 5. ('ato annos quinque 
 et octoginta uatus exc-ssit o vita. G. Dionyshis annoa quinque et 
 
 i 
 
•*.; 
 
 CONSTRUCTION OF THE NAMES OF TOWNS. 
 
 91 
 
 IS 
 
 ritrinti natu.s dominatum occii]m'it. 7. Turris pc.lciH ilucontos alUv 
 est 8. Sa-mutini aj^j^civm auxorunt trcoeuti^s pcHles louf:!;mn ct 
 vi'Mnti* pedes altum. ' l». lliuuic tria passuuiii niillia ah ipsa nrbe 
 caslra posnit. 10. Campus Marathon ahrst al) op[>i.ln Athuiiicnsiuni 
 circitcr milHa passuum (Icccin. 
 
 1 Taniuinius Superhiis, tlio sovoiith kins of ihc Itonians, reigned 
 twenty iour years. 2. Thry huild a wall titty f.rt hi^h, and ci-lit 
 fuct broad. 3. Tiic walls of Atluns wcit-distant ahout luur thousan. 
 paces (grii.) from the sea. 4. 'I'he towers wore about a hundred 
 feet hn'h. 5. Socrates was put-to-deatli, a<^ed seventy years, t). 
 Phvto Uved eighty one years. 7. It is not enough to have lived 
 many years; it behoves (us) to have lived (them) well. H. iho 
 city (of) Troy was b(;siesed ten years on-account-ot (ob) a sm;4c 
 (lums) woman. 9. Socrates lived seventy years. 10. Sumo men 
 live a hundred years. 
 
 XXXVI.— Construction of the Names of Towns. 
 
 Rule 21. — In answer to tlio quoHtion Wtithcr? names 
 of towns and small islands aro pnt in the yVccuhjativi^ case 
 without propositions : as, Consul KOmam profcctiis est, the 
 Consul set out for Borne. 
 
 In like manner aro used, donuira (to o?ip'«) houir ; rus, to the 
 
 country. 
 
 In answer to tho question Wlienre? names of towns 
 
 and small islands aro put in the Ablative ease without 
 
 prepositions : as, C(.nsul Uoina Athoiias proieetus est, the 
 
 Consul set put from Borne to Athens. 
 
 lu like manner are used, dijmo, from home ; rurC, from the country. 
 
 Exercise LII. 
 
 1. Curius primus Romam elephantos quattnor duxit. 2. Fom- 
 peius Luceria p.ofieiscitur Canusimn. 3. Lycur^us C^retam pro- 
 fi'Ctus est, ibiquc ]>erpetuum exilium egit. 4. Aesehines cessit 
 Athenis et so Rhodum contulit. 5. Legati Atheniensiiun Lacc- 
 daemonem profecti sunt, ut auxHium contra P-rsas peterent. 6. 
 Acceptis mandatis, Koscius cum Lucio Caesare ('apuam pervenit. 
 7. Alcibiades, uiaximis rebus .u;estis, domum revcrsus est. 8. Leo- 
 nidas cum trccentis iis, quos eduxeiat Sparta, se opposuit hustibus. 
 9. Tiberius domo cessit, ot se rus contulit. 10. Alexander, Dario 
 apud Arbelam victo, Babyhjuem i)rofectus est. 
 
 1. In the summer I shall set out for Venusia. 2. lie de- 
 parted from Athens and returned to Rome. 3. We will go to Crete, 
 you to Rhodes, but the others will remain in the city. 4. Caesar 
 having done these things (ahhitive aU'>lnte), returned immediately 
 home. 5. He departed from Ri.uie and set oi.t for Lueeria. (J. I will 
 
 
•^' 
 
 92 
 
 ACCUSATIVE AND INFINITIVE. 
 
 I .1 
 
 1 . 
 
 1^ ;l 
 
 / f 
 
 ^it 
 
 -.1 
 
 Ik 
 
 1 
 
 ■ II 
 
 
 ■ ' 1 
 
 ti n 
 
 II 
 
 i , 
 
 'I n 
 
 
 betako myself to Lacedacmon ; there I shall bo safe. 7. Do not set 
 out to the country. 8. The consuls had already arrived at Lucuria 
 (ace). 9. The ambassadors of the Cartliafj^inians came to Rome 
 in-order-to (ut) scok-for peace. 10. romin'ius havini; been slain 
 (abl. ahsoL), Caesar was unwllliiif; to return iniinediately to Home. 
 
 Rule 22. -Til answer to tlio question Wlierc/^ names of 
 towns and siuall islands are put in the Genitive case, 
 if the Nouu bo of thu First or Second ])eclension and 
 Singular; in all other cases in tho Ablative without a 
 proposition ; as, 
 
 Romao ConsQlcs, Atbeiiis Archontes, CarthagluC Sufiotes, sive ju- 
 dlces, quutannla crcabautur, At Home Coimils, at Athens Archons, at 
 Carthage Svffetes, or judges, tcere elected annualhj. 
 
 DiCnysias C5rinthi puGrcls doccbat, Dinnysius taught hoys at Corinth. 
 
 In like maimer aro used hflmi, on the ground; d(5mi, at home; ruri, 
 in the country. 
 
 Exercise LIII. 
 
 1. Pompcius hiomare Dyrrachii et ApoUoniao constituerat. 2. Del- 
 phis ApoUiuis oraculum fuit. 3. Conon ])lurimum Cypri vixit, Ti- 
 motheus Lesbi. 4. Multos annos domi nostrae vixit. 5. Alexander 
 Magnus Babylone morbo consumptus est. 6. Dionysius multos 
 annos Corinthi vixit. 7. iloratius Venusiae natus est. 8. Catiliua 
 humi jacet. 9. Talis (suc/i) Rumao Fabricius, qualis (as) Aris- 
 tides Athenis fuit. 10. Lycurgns Cretae perpetuum exiliuni cgit. 
 
 1. Marius and Cicero were born at Arpinum. 2. Atticus, a 
 friend of Cicero, lived many years at Athens. 3. Your friend lived 
 many years at my house. 4. Dionysius, having been drivcn-out- 
 of Syracuse, used-to-teach (impcrf.) boys at Corinth. 5. Many 
 apples and pears lay on the ground. 6. At Cannae a sangumary 
 battle was fought (committo) between the Romans and Hannibal. 
 7. I had-ratu.T dwell * at home than in the country. 8. Tiberius 
 retired from R^ -me and lived in exile at Rhodes. 9. Very many 
 great generals, lew poets were born at Rome. 10. At Lacedaemon, 
 both (et) boys and girls were most carefully trained up {im})erf.). 
 
 * Say, I jpn/er to dwtil. 
 
 XXXVIT.— The Accusative Case and Infinitive. 
 
 Rule 23. — The Accusative Case and tho Infinitive are 
 used .• 
 
 I. After words of m'M; h^m, s£.mg> fedmg, perc_eM- 
 ing, t Unldnq, knowin g : as, historia narrilt Komam 
 a Ixoniulo couditani esse, history relates that Borne 
 was founded by liomidua ; sentnuus caleru ignom, 
 
ACCUSATIVE AND INFINITIVE. 
 
 OS 
 
 'J' 
 
 nlvom oflsS album, duloc' (osho) mCl, tee perceive thai 
 fire is hot, that snow is white, that honey is sweet. 
 II. After such expressions as nOtuiu est, it is known; 
 ili*iliJIiLJ.'i5t> // is just ; vei'Isiniile ci'J. it is prolxitili' ; 
 I'cmst^t, it Is (tijri'cd, it is ci'rtitiii, iVc. : as, eoustat 
 Koiiiaiu a liuiiiulo CDiiditam esse, it is lujrcxl tlidt 
 Rome w(i8 founded by lioinulus. 
 
 Exercise LIV. 
 
 A. — 1. Ei.juitatum Caosari.-' adv^uiro vidcmua. 2. Thales aquam 
 dixit esse initium reruin. 3. Solon renipublicam praemiis et pucnia 
 contineri dixit. 4. Nemo negabit munduui a Deo conscrvari. 5, 
 Vox quondam lUkUta est, Koniain a Gallis ca[)tuni iri. G, Epanu- 
 nondas aniniadvcrtclmt, totuni exercitum propter ducum iuujrn- 
 dentiam periturum esse. 7. PoUicebaris te venturum esse. 8. Hel- 
 vetii ixjUiciti sunt se Caesari obsides daturos (esse). 9. Videniua 
 aves auctumno in alias terras niigrare. 10. Scio haec vera esse. 
 
 1. Wo know that the sun is larger than the moon. 2. Caesar Icarna 
 that the enemy are-gathering-togcther all their forces. 3. The oraolo 
 of Delphi said that Socrates was (iiijin. jirvs.) the wisest of all men. 
 4. We see that the ilowers blossom forth. 5. We know that the 
 body perishes, but that the soul is inunortal. 0. Socrates thought 
 (t/»/H'?/.) that knowledge was more excellent than all (other) things. 
 7. \Vho has not heard lliat the Ilomans werecoucjuered by Hauniiial 
 at (apnd) Cannae V H. We see that all things are done by the wis- 
 dom of God. 9. We know that the sun is vcry-lar distant ((</as/(;/<) 
 from the earth. 10. We promise that we will be faithful to you. j, 
 
 B. — 1. Credibilo est honuiuun causa factum esse niundum. 2. 
 Verum est araicitiam nisi inter bonos esse nou posse. 3. Traditum 
 est Homerum caecum fuisse. 4. llannibalem in Asia mortuum 
 esse constat. 5. Bestiis rationem deessi! nianifestum est. G. Omnes 
 cives legibus parere aequum est. 7. Certum est liberos a parenti- 
 bus amari. 8. Sororem tuam hac aestate reversuram esse non veri- 
 sinule est. 9. Constat llomanos eodem anno duas urbcs lloren- 
 tissimas, Carthaginem et C!(>rinthum, delevisse. 10. Memoriae 
 proditum est, Latonam confugisse Delum atcpio ibi ApoUinem 
 Dianamcpie peperisse. 
 
 1. It is just that you (should) punish me. 2. It is probable that 
 the stars are suns. 3. It is true that we have been contpiered. 
 4. It has been handed down to us that Socrates was the wisest of 
 all the Greeks. 5. It is manif'vst that tli« world was not made by 
 chance. C. It is agreed amongst all writers that Homulus was 
 (jje?/.) the first king of the Romans. 7. It is mainl'est that you 
 make-a-mistake. 8. It is handed down {per/.) to us by the poets 
 that a woman was the cause of the Trojan war. 9. It is certain 
 that the son! ought to. obey n'usciu. 10. !t is nuuiil'esL that \vy 
 shall be conquered v.uless wo reuiaia {/ut.-imf.) iu tho city. 
 
 Pii. L. I, K 
 
"W 
 
 # 
 
 94 
 
 DIRECT QUESTIONS, 
 
 ' ; 
 
 ^ ! 
 
 inn 
 
 XXXVIII. — DiiiEOT Questions. 
 
 TliTLE 24. (^)iiosti()iiH iiro usually ])nt in liutin with tlio 
 help )f Iiitt'rrog'iitiv*! words (»r paiticli^s : as, (^uul ngiHy 
 What are you doing ? Putus-uo ? Do you think ? Mon-iiu pututi ? 
 Do you not think i 
 
 Tho principal Intcrroi^ativo ^larticles aro ne, num, iitrum, 
 ftn. Of tlioso ne is ahvays written as an enclitic like tho 
 Conjunction que. Utrum and an arc used only when two 
 altomativos aro spoken of; and an always with tho second 
 allornativo. 
 
 N6 does not need to bo expressed hy any English word, 
 as Visnc ? Do you xoisli ? Nonnc putas ? Do you not think f 
 
 Utrum ... an may ho translated by whether . . . or^ as 
 Utrum sol an luna major est? Whether is the mn or ihe 
 moon the greater f 
 
 Num has a negative force, as Num ita piitas = You don't 
 think 80, do you f and is to bo used when tho answer No is 
 looked for. 
 
 Exercise LV. 
 
 A. — 1. Estno voluptas summuni bonum ? 2. Nonno fuit Socrates 
 antiquorum sapicntissinuis ? 3. Nonno sol longo major est quara 
 luna ? 4. Num ita audes dicero ? 5. Utrum est aurum gravius an 
 argcntum V G. Utrum Socrates an Plato sapientior fuit? 7. Suntno 
 haec vera bona ? 8, Num tu has res melius quam magister tuus 
 intelligis? 9. Nonne onmos discere oportet vitam tranquillo aninio 
 relinquere? 10. Num putas argcntum et aurum cariora esse virtute 
 et prudentia ? 
 
 1. Are these things true ? 2. Do you believe that pain is the 
 greatest evil? 3. Was not (begin with nonne) Pythagoras a very 
 great (summus) philosopher ? 4. You don't think that I am 
 a liar, do you?' 5. Is "old more excellent than wisdom? (No.) 
 6. Are you wiser than (your) father? (No.) 7. Whether is iron 
 or gold more useful? 8. Is not (begin with nonne) iron far more 
 useful than gold ? i). Whether do you prefer this or that? 10. Is 
 not (begin with nonne) the world governed by the Divine wisdom? 
 
 B. — 1. Nonne urbs Roma a Gallis capta et direpta est ? 2. Nonne 
 omnes consentiunt Scipionem primarium fuisse virum? 3. Num 
 audes dicere haec benevolo animo facta es.'o ? 4. Utrum Romae an 
 ruri hibernis mensibus nianere mavis? 5. Utrum est turpitude 
 omnium maloraui maximum an nou? 6. Utrum haec benevolo an 
 malevolo animo fecisti? 7. Utrum Cato an Caesar tibi praestantior 
 et clarior vir esse videtur? 8. Utrum esse an videri bonus mavis? 
 

 INDIRECT QTTEHTIONa. 
 
 95 
 
 1 with fl\o 
 
 ^liul HglH? 
 
 -no i»utiil8 ? 
 
 urn, utrum, 
 10 liko the 
 whon two 
 tlio second 
 
 ;liBh word, 
 not think f 
 
 . . . or^ as 
 sun or the 
 
 = You don't 
 3wer No is 
 
 fuit Socrates 
 )r est quam 
 a gravius an 
 I* 7. Suntne 
 ap;ister tuus 
 luillo aniino 
 , esse virtuto 
 
 pain is the 
 sjoras a very 
 
 that I am 
 om? (No.) 
 itlier is iron 
 ron far more 
 lat? 10. Is 
 ine wisdom? 
 
 ? 2. Nonne 
 1? 3. Num 
 m Romac ,an 
 st tnrpitudo 
 benevolo an 
 praestautior 
 inus mavis? 
 
 9. Num ftudos (Ucere, Liicreti, haec caau facta esse? tnno ita credis? 
 
 10. Estne vcruni, ipiod nonnuUi dicunt, animos ex aliis (fiurporibua) 
 in alia cori)ora mi^raro V 
 
 1. la it tnic that tho sun is inaib-of-firo? 2. Is nut Phito the 
 nicst t'lnciui'Ut of philosophcrsV ."'.. Arc imt Mvy ami Snllust nmst 
 (■li"'ant writrrsV I. l)nfs it not do "^imhI to all to ri'.ul tho works 
 [iMM.ks] ..t' Itiiit (///(•) iiiosi rxrellnit writer? 5. Are you so fo<ilisli 
 that (lit) you .shoiiltl brlicvc all these thiii.i^s to have been made by 
 chanceY (>. Is the body mortalV Is the soul immortalV 7. Are 
 not the lK)ohs of I'lato full of these subjects (/r.s)? H. Is Sallust or 
 Livy (bcjj;in with nfriim) the more eleL!;;mt writer? Arc-you-able 
 to answer? 9. Does it (niim) Ix-come a jihilosopher to lanicnt-ovcr 
 his life? Docs it nol behove him to act bravely? 10. Do all the 
 piiilosophers agree concerning these subjects? 
 
 XXXIX.— Indirect Questions. 
 
 Hulk 25. — Indirt.Hjt quostioriH aro those which aro quoted 
 as having been asked, or aro dependent upon sonio word 
 expressing doubt, uncertainty, or wonder, in the fornior 
 part of the sentence : as, Koonbo q\\u\ factum sit, I will aak 
 what has been done ; Mirum est (imie fuerit causa. It is strange 
 what the reason may have been ; Yidebo num rediorit, I icill see 
 whether he has returned. Tho dependent verb is always put 
 in the Subjunctive Mood. 
 
 Rule 2().— 'i'he Tense of tho Verb in tho Subjunctive 
 Mood is (h'lerniiiied by that of the verb in tlie former part 
 of the sentence upon which it depends. (1.) If tho verb 
 in tho former chiuse expresses Present or Future Time, tho 
 verb in tho dt'pendent chiuso is put in tho Present 
 or Perfect Tense Subjunctive. (2.) If tho verb in tho 
 ])rincipal chiuse expresses Past Time, tho verb in tho de- 
 jiendeut chiuse is put in the Imperfect or Phiperfoct Tense 
 Subjunctive. 
 
 Present, Perfect, and Future Time. 
 
 t I Scio quid ftgfis, 
 
 ^ I Scio quid egi^rls, 
 
 ^ (Scio quid actiiriLs sis, 
 
 a: 
 
 Cognovi quid ayus, 
 Cognovl quid C'gCrIa, 
 Cogitovi quid actu5 Oh. bTr, 
 
 I Icnnw irhaf you are doing. 
 I hnow ichnt you ho.ve done. 
 I know ichat you are going to do. 
 
 I have learnt what you are doing. 
 1 hare learnt ivhdt you have done. 
 I }i{ive I'.'iinit 'ichat you are aoino 
 to do. 
 
 K2 
 
■ i 
 
 p 
 
 li 
 
 i^i 
 
 t > 
 
 I I f 
 
 \ I 
 
 96 
 
 INDIBEOT QUESTIONS. 
 
 Audiam quid (iguu, 
 Au<liam quid vp^Mn, 
 Audium quid uoturilH hib, 
 
 / Hhnll hear what you are doing. 
 J shnV hear irhnt you have done. 
 I nhdll li'df ivlidt tjou are ijning 
 
 to (III. 
 
 Past Time. 
 
 jScirdnini quid il^!;(!ri*H, 
 
 s<'ir'i<uiii mild r'j.cissr's, 
 
 (Sciuliiiui (jMld iioturils caaea, 
 
 Coguovi (juld ftf;;i5r('8, 
 Cognovi quid OgittHCH, 
 Coguovi quid uctuiils cssea, 
 
 ^ /CoguovCram quid ftgCrcH, 
 a jCogiiovi^rani quid egiHsos, 
 
 
 I CognuvCrum quid acturQa 
 
 1 kni'iii v'hiit you wfrc dm'ng. 
 
 I liii ir irlmt ijnii Iniil ifoitc 
 
 J hill IV irlmt ijnii Wire going fo do. 
 
 I hand wind you were doing, 
 I Jiiiriif irhitt yo i hod done. 
 I harnt what you loere going to 
 do. 
 
 J hod harnt irhnt you were doing. 
 I had learnt ivhat you had do7ie. 
 I had learnt what you ivere going 
 to do. 
 
 Tho samo Rnlo is applicable to tho boqiionco of Tenses in 
 the Sul)jnnctiv(3 Mood univorisally. See Exercises xxv., 
 xxvi., xxvii., xxviii. (the Subjunctive Mood). 
 
 N.B. In aiuglo Indirect Quoations whether is gonorally expressed 
 by num, which tlion ceases to have a negudve force. In double 
 Indirect Queatiou? it ia oxpresaed either by utrum or -ne. 
 
 Exercise LVI. 
 
 N.B. In tho following exaiuidea the Subjunctive must in English 
 bo rendered by tho Indicative. 
 
 A. — 1. llogo quid agatis. 2. Kogavit (pud agerent. 3. Rogavit 
 quid egissent. 4, Itoga tu quid acturi sint. 5. Nescio quare me 
 ex civitato expuleritis. G. Cognoscere non potuit (piantao esscnt 
 hostium copiae. 7. Spcculabiunir (piot hominos in urbcm incant et 
 quot exeant. 8. Die milii, Catiliua, cur patriam prodero volueria. 
 9. Die mihi, IMaese, ubi corpus abjcccris. 10. Chacrephon ex 
 oraculo quacsivit quia omnium Graccoruui sapiciitissimus es.set. 
 
 1. I will ask how great the forces of the enemy are. 2, Xenophon 
 inquired of (ex) the oracle what it behoved lilm to do. 3. I wish 
 to learn where the camp of tlie enemy is. •!. I do-not-know what 
 it behoves me to do. 5. Tell me, my son, what you are going to do. 
 6. The son was unwilling to tell what he was going-to-do. 7. Count 
 how many darts have been thrown (cwjicio) into tiie tent. 8. I will 
 inquire which-of-the-two has conquered. i>. Socrates used-to-inquire 
 (imperf.) what was j ist, what unjust. 10. It is a great thing to 
 know what thing.'- are just, what unjust. - 
 
 B. — 1. Quneram nmn or::nia f(=llciter eveneri::t. 2. Jiissit eos 
 epeculari num hostes ex ca&itis c.xireut. 3, Viaam num adventeiit 
 
 i 
 
HXKUntHRH ON HIIBJUNCTIVE MOOl). 
 
 0? 
 
 e doing, 
 ive done, 
 are (jainQ 
 
 ring. 
 
 lir. 
 
 linij to do. 
 
 mng. 
 
 me. 
 
 i going to 
 
 lere doing, 
 ad done, 
 vere going 
 
 !'onsc8 in 
 
 .08 XXV., 
 
 hoatoB. 4. Subiiinicilis ost .inacstio uw.u nn.|iimn nnvi niiiici suit 
 votvribns untcpniiciidi ? f). Ko^jfivit luinnt- li:u'c iiii|irnla I't iiitiunii\ 
 cssciit? (>. Hni-ail)" nnin cn'tlivt oiiiniii ciisii t'luta ossrV 7. Qiiiicsivit 
 ex oriiculo ('r(K's\is, utniin ipse- iiii Cyrus stip-'niturus cssct. H. S.i.'pc- 
 nuiuero (iuivc'rcl);uit iinti(|ui pliilnsopiii lu.irtuli.Mif issct auiiuus nu 
 innuortiUis. M Nuni duliiiuu ost casuuo an nmNiiio factus sit 
 inunduaV 10. riane iuciTtuin est viciirintnc hostos au victi sint 
 
 1. hiquiro of (cr) Ipni wlictlicr hv. UiuAvs tlioHO thiii!,'^^. 2. !t 
 la ;1i>".btrul wlu'tlur tlit'so things an; Iruf. .'?. It is uiiciTtain 
 wlictlior (ntrum or nc) he is a f^ood man or a wicki-d (muO. l. It ia 
 (li.ulitful wlicthcr lui ilcscrvi' i>n\is(' {Jmohmiir) or lilainc 5. Ho 
 asked wlu'tluT tlui dead tVlt coUl and liun;^*!'. *'>. I know not 
 whether you aro-alcepinn or waking. 7. I doulit whether lie will 
 return (Knh/.-pirs.) inniicliately. H. He asked whether the city waa 
 very 8tn)n<!^ly Ion died. '.•. Tliis 1 ask y..a, whether you were or 
 not (no«?ie) that (tVr) nii^ht in the house of M. I.aeea? 10. Do yon 
 doubt whether it belinvcs a good citi/en to sido-witli hi« coiuitry 
 in tiuio of danger V 
 
 expressed 
 In doublo 
 
 -ne. 
 
 n English 
 
 '<. Rogavit 
 qnare me 
 tae esscnt 
 incant et 
 ! volueria. 
 ephon ex 
 esset. 
 
 Xcnophon 
 3. I wish 
 now what 
 )ing to do. 
 
 7. Count 
 
 8. I will 
 to-iuquire 
 t thing to 
 
 Fussit eos 
 adventent 
 
 \ 
 
 ;1 
 
 XL. — Addittona .xEi;crsi:s on the 
 
 SUI3.1I NcriVE iMoOD. 
 
 Rule 27.— Besides ut, ne, ami quin (seo Ex. xxv., Ac), 
 the Ci)njunetioii8 quo, that, and quominus, that not, are 
 coii8true"ted with the Suhjnnetive IMoud. 
 
 1. tJt = fhaf in order that, (jranthuj that, is used to express 
 cither ajMrjAw or a coumptcitcf : as, oo ut Kpeetcm h'ldos, I 
 am going in order that I maij look at the gameH ; accidit ill uOn 
 uomi e88eui, it haiqiened that I was not at home. 
 
 2. Ne = that not, is used to express a i>urpo!^r, but not a 
 mere con8e([uenee : as, llaoc facio no lud ininueuni tibi 
 piites, these things I do that you may not think me your encviy ; 
 but, Bequitiir ut haec non vera siut, it follows that these things 
 are not true. 
 
 OIh. After verbs oi fkiring, lit has tho meaning of tJiat not, and 
 ne of that: as, tlmCo at 'dux milTtes e custris educftt, I fear that 
 the general will not lend the wlAiers out of the caiiip : tlmCo ne 
 dux'milltcs e castris educat, I fear that tlie gejieral will lead the 
 soldiers out of tlie camp. 
 
 Q^ Quin i.s iip.ed after neao.tive Propositions and propositions 
 expressing doubt : as, dies nuUiis est, quin littoras scrlbam, 
 
I.l 
 
 ti 
 
 1*^ 
 
 98 
 
 EXEllCISEH ON SUBJUNOTIVE MOOD. 
 
 there 18 no day that I do not write a letter ; iion dubito quln 
 vomm dixeriH, I do not doubt you have awoken the truth. (See 
 Ex. XXV., C, (to.) 
 
 4. Quo is used for ftt eo, and signifies that thereby, in order 
 that, 80 that : haoc lex data est, quo inalef ici detorrerontur, 
 this law loas given (enacted) that thereby evil-doers might be 
 deterred; portas opi)idr obstruxit, quo facilius iiupetuni 
 hostium retardriret, he barricaded the gates of the toivn in order 
 tliat he might more easily retard the attack of the enemy. 
 
 5. Qu5minus, that not, is used after verbs of hindering, 
 preventing, resisting, tl'c, and must be fre(iuontly translated 
 iu English hy from witli a verbal substantive : as, aetas noa 
 non impedit quoniinus litteras tractemus, age does not j/re- 
 vent U8 from cultivating literature. 
 
 EXKKCISE LVII. 
 
 A. — 1. Enitar ut in omnibus rebus tibi prosim. 2. Hoc tc rogo 
 atque oro, no rcmpnblicam descras. 3. Coiitcnd't (Caesar niaxi- 
 mis itincribus in fines Nervioruin ut consilia odruni iiracvcnirut. 
 
 4. Magnopero tibi suadeo iic inqirobis illis hor.iinibus confulas. 
 
 5. Accidit ut niilitos impi-ansi essont quum sitrnuni datum est. 
 
 6. Militcs cohortatus est ut fortitcr castra lU'i'fiidorcnt. 7. Nonnc 
 omnes cives oportot eniti ut rcipu])liiae p'osuitV 8. Accidit ut 
 inter Labienuni et hostes essot liuuicn 'T''^<^'''^ltuni. 0. Scquitur ut 
 non possim tibi conlidere. 10. Enitar ne possis niilii dillidere. 
 
 1. I will strive-hard to (ut) persuade liim. 2. It follows tliat 
 pleasure is not tlie lno;liest good. 3. I entreat you to (ut) learn to 
 bear patiently bad fortune. 4. AVe ought to strive-hard that wo 
 may be serviceable to (our) native-country. 5. The Ilelvetii de- 
 termin-jd to depart from their own territories, in order that they 
 inir^ht obtain-posscssion-of all Gaul. 6. Does it not folknv that 
 these, things arc unjust? 7. So it came to pass (/o) that out of 
 (them) all, no one returned to tlio city. 8. The Ilelvetii have 
 been so trained (histituo) by their ancestors that they are accus- 
 kmicd to receive hostagcss, not to give them. 9. I will strive 
 earnestly that you may be able to think mc a friend. 10. The 
 Carthaginians sent ambassadors to Home to (ut) beg-for j)eace. 
 
 N.B. In future the pupil will bo left to himself to discover when 
 the English iniinitive denotes a purpose, and must therefore be 
 translated with ut. 
 
 B.— 1. Constituit Caesar jwntem in flumino Ilheno facere, quo 
 copiiiH suas transduceret. 2. Milites cohortatus est quo mortem 
 fortiua obirout. 3. Quid obstat quoniinus muonia statim oppuguo- 
 
EXRRC^ISKS ON SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
 
 f)9 
 
 mua? 4. Nullo modo introirc possum qnin mc viiloant. 5. Nnllo 
 mu(U) exire potuit qnin enni viiloront. 0. Miiiiniiun alx'st qnin 
 sim niiserrinms. 7. Dies iVrc nnlUis ost qnin Hutrins domuni incam 
 vcuititc't. 8. FiU'cro non possum cpiin tiln dolores meos enarrom. 
 I). Quis dubitat qnin onmos Dpoitcat jtatriae suae adosse? 10. Rc- 
 cusare non inif-siuu quin mc comitoris. 
 
 1. He resolved to carry a wall round the camp that (quo)* tho 
 army might bo more secure (tutuf:). 2. He fortified tho camp that 
 he mi<^ht the more easily kee]! ofV the enemy. 3. There is no day 
 that 1 do not hear many womlerl'id things. 4. Who can doubt that 
 Hannibal was a very great (s^irmnitu) general? 5. Thero was no- 
 body who did not ('/'"/») rejoice greatly. 0. 1 cannot but hope that 
 we shall be i'on(inerors. 7. Nobody is so brave but (<^Hill)]n^ somo- 
 tinuis feels fear. H. We arc preparing arms, not that (nt) we may 
 att;uk others, but that ('/no) we may better defend our country. 
 iJ. Thero was nothing wanting thit 1 should be very wretched. 
 10. Our soldiers could not go forth from the camp but ((juiii) they 
 were overwhelmed with missiles. 
 
 • Quo \a used in iircf.-icucc to Ut wbi'ii tliovo is u cunipuralivc in tlic daiiHi.' wliii.b 
 it inUuilucc'H. 
 
 C. — 1. I'er Trobonium sletit quoudnus oppido jKitirentur. 
 
 2. Me inlirndtas valetudinis tenuit ipiondnus ad ludos veiiirem. 
 
 3. Iliems i)rohil)uit (piondniis a te literas haberemus. 4. lUbulum 
 deterruorunt cpiominus domo exiret. 5. Deterri'ut me latrones 
 quondnus in illam imrteni urbis cam. G. Quid tibi obstabat 
 (piondnus nobiscum a<less('s? 7. Quis a\idebit miseros prohik'ro 
 ipiondnus tleant? 8. liCgem brevem esse oportet quo facilins ah 
 iMq)eritis teneatur. 9. I'num vereor ne senat\is Pompeium nolit 
 diniittorc. 10. Quis est (pun cernat quanta vis sit in sensibus V 
 
 1. It was owing to you (per tc hMU) that wc did not obtain- 
 IMissession-of tho town. 2. No weakness t *' health shall ja-event 
 me from conung to you. 3. Nothing ought to deter ^a citizen 
 from siding-with liis country in time of .laiiger. 4. They at- 
 tempted to deter O.iio from appi'aring ('/'/.s^/zO in the Jorum. 5. 
 Nothing shall prevent me from siding-with you. (5. Nobody can 
 prohibit us from worshii)ping God. 7. Nothing ought to deter 
 children from obeying their parents. 8. I fear that wo may 1)0 
 cast out of tho city. 9. 1 fear tJud wo may 7iot be able to defcjid 
 ourselves and our country. 10. 1 cannot but think that Caesar 
 was the greatest of tho Romans. 
 
IP i r- 
 
 Ir: 
 
 loo USB OP THE SUPINES AND GEUUNl). 
 
 XLI. — Use of the Supines. 
 
 Rule 2S.~.Tho Supine in um is nsod after vovhs of 
 motion: as Lacedaenionii Ajrr.Hriaujn bellatum In Asiam 
 makrwar. ^^^"^'^^"^'""'^^'^^ «^^'^< Ayesilaus into Asia to 
 
 .. ?J° ^"P"^?. j." ,« i« used after many adjectives • as 
 
 f^est T- ^ ^^r/"'-;-'-^'"^^'' ^"^^'^^' '-^'> *«•' '-^^ with 
 ias est, tt is lawful, notas est, it is unlawful, opus est His 
 
 ExKncisE LVIII. 
 
 spcctatuin - \ oio itc^s, parom pctitum, ;)rat,)ros I{„n)ain mittunt 
 3 Aedm lej^atos ad (.'aosarom mittunt, roj^.ttuni auv i m 4 
 
 acus lluina.u ad .sonatuui vcnit, au.xiliuin i^.stulatum. 6 At hen 
 
 en.ses nnsenmt Bolpho.s consultu.n, ,„idna/n facer.n" do r;bt 
 
 7. liraddcia sunt ,un,sta(u. H. Diilicilc dicta est. 9. Quod £ 
 
 s S:^n ••i:i;:;;^tJ;r • ^^- ^^'- -^ ^^^-"' -™ ^s- 
 
 war. 3. Chaorq>hou weut-to (adeu) J )c.iph i to ask who wl S /\ thp 
 gct-;Natcr. 5. J heso thni-s aro very djilicult to bu done. 6 Verv 
 always sweet to taste {snjunc in u). 8. The Romans sent am- 
 
 baguntmcs. 9 It would be impious to say tliat the life of a cood 
 n.an can b. miserable. 10. Wo have come to consult you raft^ 
 what may be best to be done. ^ ^ ^ 
 
 XLIL—UsE OF THE Gerund. 
 
 RULK 29 - The Gerund is a Neuter Verbal Noun 
 govenung the same case as the Verb from which it comes' 
 It corresponds to the English Verbal Nouns iuingZ 
 torthnfji, walking. •' ' '*" 
 
 it is declined in the Singular only, and is not used in 
 
 1/ 
 
tJSE OF THE GERUNDIVE. 
 
 lol 
 
 II 
 
 J 
 
 the Nominative case, the Present of the Infinitive taking 
 the place of the Nominative : as, 
 Nom. LCgfiro piilchra camiltia suavo est, 
 
 Dat 
 
 Ace. 
 Abl. 
 
 Seribondu npCram dat, 
 
 Natas ad agendum, 
 
 LittCras tractando mens acftltar, 
 
 rcndiiKj (to rrad) heauliful 
 jmons is delightful. 
 Gen. Ars paCros cddcandi difflcUls est, the art of edumtimj lioyg t« 
 
 (h'llii'Hlf. 
 he devotes his care to writing, 
 horn for netiiuj. 
 the wits are sharpened hy 
 dealing icitii letters. 
 Obe. The Accusative Case of the Gerund is used only with Pro- 
 positions; otherwise the rroseut luiiuitivo is used: as, disco 
 natare, / learn siviimning. 
 
 Exercise LIX. 
 1. Saepissime pciniciosa est plura habcndi ciipiditas. 2. Vehe- 
 menter ardeb'' "i^'enis studio omnia co<i;n(>scendi et experiendi. 
 3. Quidam < ■ venandi {i;ratia coniparantar. 4. Beatc vivendi 
 studiosi sui ; Lames. 5. Aqua marina hand utilis est bibendo. 
 6. Mores pucrorum se inter ludendum detegunt. 7. lloniinis mens 
 discendo et cogitando alitur. 8. Caesari dare jucuuiUssinium erat. 
 9. Inter bibeuduni de variis rebus collo(iuei)amur. 10. Quid potest 
 esse jucundius quam inter ambulandum libera de variis rebua col- 
 
 loqui? 
 
 1. Very many persons burn with the desire of havmg more {pi.). 
 2. Ei^aminondas was eager-after hearing (yen.). 3. All are not 
 zealous of living well. 4. He got together very many horses and 
 (que) dogs for-the-sake-of hunting. 5. Do not attempt to obtain 
 friends by flattering. 6. Do not attempt to preserve your life by 
 lying. 7. Bodies are nourished by eating and drinking. 8. The 
 soul is nourished by thinking (co'/ito), feeling, acting. 0. Conversing 
 (infin.) about (de) these things is most delightful. 10. It is be- 
 coming in a youth (aa.) to burn with a zeal for knowledge {yen. of 
 gerund). 
 
 XLIII. — Use of the Gerundive. 
 
 Rule 30.— The Gerundive is a Passive Verbal Adjective : 
 as, scrlbendus, a, urn, to he written, necessary or fit to he written. 
 
 The Gerundive may be conjugated with all the tenses 
 of sum : as, amandus sum, I am to he loved, or I ought to he 
 loved ; amandus eram, I was to he loved, or I ought to have 
 been hved, &o. This is called the Passive Periphrastic 
 Conjugation. ' 
 
 When the Verb from which the Gerundive comes govoma 
 an Accusative (3ase, the Gerundive agrees with the Nomi- 
 
 / 
 
102 
 
 USE OF T^E GERUNDIVE. 
 
 n 
 
 11 1 , 1 
 
 native Caso of its Kouu : ,«, Bciibcnda est mihi epistula 
 
 Dai;t ff",'^e'^„ili7:,t;l:^^^^ '^ '" "^ <"<- - put in the 
 
 Exercise LX. 
 1. Diligentcr sunt onu'ndan.li pucrorum mores. 2 SanionH-i 
 
 rebus adhibonda est prudwitia. 4. A-enda est omT^hnro.fo 
 non fi IIP iiPrinnH^ r. /<• • • -'i,-,i''in«i thi omiiiDus aetas 
 
 ?cZib c-^^ fi i?; '^'' ""' "I '''■;^"" te.nporibus gcrenda erat 
 
 rcspubhoc ^ G. bticmic nobis cxculcuda sunt corpus, mens animus 
 7 llabendus est delectus, comparaudao sunt na . s 8^2 
 ea nobis contomnenda ; sunt dili.^ontissime providcnda y Prio 
 omnibus alus observandi et coleudi sunt pueris parentcs io Ut™ 
 ainaudi an timendi re<,'eH sunt ? J-a Ltruni 
 
 i.. LT^'^^'i T'^ ^r ctdtivated. 2. Wlio doubts that the Rods arc 
 k. bo feared ^ 3. A parent 0/«<.) ou-ht so (ita) to traiiiWh a 
 son that l)e niay obey the laws of virtue. 4. ll/oso pe son^ a^^^^ 
 k- admired who have darod to die for (pro) their-eoi n y 5- (We) 
 mist preserve the state; (w.) must crush ll.c conspiracy.^ 6. ViS 
 tins not only be cultivatcl, but also loved. 7. These thincrs m S 
 not be passed over by us (.fuL). 8. Jk-Jbre (prae) all ot^crtEs 
 (res) the war must be carried on vigorously. /. Avi ( L? oueht to 
 re.Uhe orators and poets. 10. A imi/(.^..) should nitTesr^L 
 
 roim^«^l^-^T^"-7^''" *^'" ^''^' ^"""^ '^^"^^^ t]ic Gerundive 
 Accn«. ivo +?"' r'^'' or gcvcrns any other Case than the 
 Acciisatiye, the Gerundive i« u«ed impersonally in the 
 ISominative Gise Sii.o.„lar Neuter. The Object is put in 
 
 iAativo Case: a^, obtoinp<>raiidum est ndl.r, (dative) virtutis 
 praeccptis (^a/...), ,.. ,uust obey the lessons of virtue : cuf ue 
 
 "^"Z^JX^ '-' ^'''^' ''' ^^^'^^^ -^ - -' - 
 
 N.B. The Dative of the Agent is not always expressed. 
 
 Exercise LXI. 
 
 1. Omnibus moriendum est. 2. Ita bellandum est ut pax peti 
 
 videa ur. 3. Mihi uten<lum est judicio meo. 4. Nobis^^oTue 
 
 ngcediendum est istuc quo pcrvenisti. 5. Ita nobis v^vendSmTs? 
 
 ut ad mortem parati simus. 6. Non longius progrediendunT ^st 
 
 commihtones. nc commcatibus nostris yLro.LlZT T ^^:. 
 
 { 
 
 ' 1 " f'l Wf . W W 
 
USE OF THE OERIINPIVE. 
 
 103 
 
 dubiuTU est quill l)ono civi le^ibus sit obtemiwrandura. 8. Profi- 
 ciscc'iulum miiii crat illo ipso die. \K MajJiuopcru est curaiulum 
 nu nobis tH)Usiliiuu defuissc videatur. 10. Coguoscondum est quid 
 de illo hoiuiuc factum sit. 
 
 1. Must (wc) not (nonne) all die? 2. Wo must die bravely, 
 fullow-soldiors ! 3. Boys ought to strive-hard to please their 
 parents. 4. We must strive with (our) utmost zt-al that the coni- 
 uionwealth may be preserved. 5. We must not believe all men iu 
 everything. G. Wc must set out iminediatoly. 7. It is greatly to 
 Ixj desired that the war may be brought-to-an-end. 8. We must 
 take great care (see No. i) above) that we are not (ue) shut oil" from 
 all help. i). What must we do, citizens? Which-ol'-the-two ('/'f<.) 
 should we trust V 10. We ought so to learn as (ut) not iunuediately 
 to forget. 
 
 EXKIICISE LXII. 
 
 N.B. The G'^rundivo is employed more frequently than tho 
 Gerund. The Gerund is chioily used where an ambiguity 
 would bo occasioned liy the use of the Gerundive : as, stildiiuu 
 plura cognoscendi, the dcnire of hurnliuj more, ratlicf than 
 Btadium plurium coguoHccndoruni, which would leave it doubt- 
 ful whether thiiujK or ineii, were nieaut. 
 
 1. Bellum suscepitCatiliiia reiiiublicae delendae causa. 2. Timo- 
 thous erat civitixtis regendae iHirilus. 3. Covisilium iniit Cati- 
 lina lu-bis incendendae. 4. Conservandao liUntatis gratia initio 
 creabautur conaules. 5. Tiberius iiuasi ad nrmaudaui valetudinem 
 inCampaniam concessit. G. Occupatus sum in litteris scribendis. 
 
 7. Studiosi Solent esse juvenes e(iuorum canunupie alendornm. 
 
 8. Consilium iuierunt Brutus et Cassius libertatis recuperandae. 
 
 9. Hostes in s^xsm venerant potiendorum castrorum. 10. Oculus 
 probe alVectus est ad suuni munus fungendum. 
 
 1. Tho Roman youth (}>I.) were trained-up for (ad) managing the 
 commonwealth. 2. Cicero formed a plan ibr crushing the conspiracy 
 (gen.). 3. Nature has endowed (instruo) the mind with senses pre- 
 pared for pen. jiving objects (res). 4. lie burned with the desire of 
 destroying his country. 5. 'J'hose wicked men formed a design of 
 slaying the consul. 6. Virtue is especially (maxime) discerned 
 in despising pleasure. 7. The first lK)ok is written (per/.) on-the- 
 subject-of (de) despising death. 8. Tho utmost pleasure is derived 
 (capio) from (ex) reading books. 9. A husbandman ought (oiX)rtet) 
 to devote himself to cultivating his lands. 10. Cicero devoted 
 himself with the utmost zeal to preserving the commouweaith. 
 
 { 
 
( i04 ) 
 
 i 
 
 it ^ r , 
 
 i: 
 
 A SHORT SYNTAX. 
 
 A IlKCAPlTULATlON OF THE RuLES ALREADY GIVEN. 
 
 First Concord. 
 « J P ^ ^''''^ ''^'i''^? "^^^^ ^*« Nominative case in Nuniber 
 
 ZMirZn: '"' ^''"' ^"^"*' '^'^ ^"'^ ^"-'- p-11- ---t! 
 
 Second Concord. 
 N,?n?i' ^" Adjective agrees with its Noun in Gender 
 timida, a tmid girl ; parvurn oppidiim. a small town. 
 
 Third Concord. 
 § 3. The Relative Pronoun agrees with tlio Antecedent 
 m Gender, Number, and Person, but not in Case: as Frl L 
 
 T:ir';rZr "^'^ '^""'^--'^ ^-^-^«^^ ^^ ^'^ ^-^^ ^^ 
 
 Apposition. 
 § 4. When two Nouns refer to the same person or thimr 
 they are put in the same case by Api>odtiol : as rJiS' 
 rex Romanorum, Uo^nulm, hin<j of the Romans. ' ■^^^^"^•^' 
 
 Nominative Case. 
 
 fwl^;^"^^^ Nominative case denotes the Subject— When 
 two I^ouns in Latin are connected by sum. fio v1de5? 
 vgc5r and similar Verbs, tliey are put^in tl^e' same case 
 as, Britannia est insula, Britain is an island. ' 
 
 Accusative Case. 
 
 Verbs Imet^l^fT case denotes the Object.-Transitive 
 I'z'irS;.*^' Accusative: as, aquila .las habet, the 
 
 § 7. The answers to the questions. How long? How far? 
 Hcnohgh? How deep? How hroad? How old? areZ{t\n 
 the Accusative : as, sex et vfgintr annos regnavit he feM 
 twenty-six years; aggorem latum pedes trocentos, a um S 
 
 _ ^...„^ , i„ ^«iiy(i ^^y Accusative ot duration of time. 
 
 liiagiTffrawgiftfci^ 
 
 sswa 
 
A SHORT SYNTAX, 
 
 105 
 
 
 Qenitive Case. 
 
 § 8. The latter of two Nouns is put in tho Oonitivo 
 when one is dcpoiidont upon tho other : as, Britannia est 
 insula Europao, Britain is an island of Europe. 
 
 §9. Verbs si^niiyino; to nmemhcr, to forget, to pHy, are 
 commonly tolhiwcd by the (Jouitivo: as, misciorum lium- 
 iuum misurcblniur, we will pity the wretched men. 
 
 Dative Case. 
 
 § 10. Tho Dativo indicates tho person who gains or 
 receives anything: as, magister cSlumbam puer5 dat, the 
 waster gives a dove to the boy. 
 
 Ablative Case. 
 
 §11. Tho Ablative indicates — (1) Tho instrument or 
 means by which something is done: as, dSminiia hasta 
 servum cccldit, the lord kills the slave with a spear. 
 
 (2) The time when something is done or takes place : 
 as, nootes hiemo longao sunt, the nights are long in winter. 
 
 § 12. But when the Ablative indicates the place where, 
 it is used with the Preposition in, in : as, hostes in planitio 
 erant, the enemies were t» the plain. 
 
 § 13. Ut5r, fruSr, vescor, fungor, govern the Ablative : 
 as, sapienter utimini tempore, use time wisely. 
 
 § 14. When a subordinate clause has a different subject 
 from the subject of tho principal clause, tho English Verb 
 in the subordinate clause is in Latin often expressed by a 
 Substantive and Participle in the Ablative Case. This con- 
 struction is called the Ablative Ai^solute: as, sole orto, 
 liomani hostes vlderunt, when the sun had risen [lit. the sun 
 having risen], the Romans saw the enemy. (Seo also p. 89.) 
 
 Construction of the Names of Towns. 
 
 § 15. In answer to tho question Whither 9 names of towns 
 and small islands are put m tho Accusative without prepo- 
 sitions : as, Consul Komam profectus est, the Consul set out 
 for Borne. 
 
 § 16. In answer to tho question WJienee? names of 
 towns and small islands are put in thi- Ablative without 
 rirenositions : as. Consul Koma AthOnus profectus est, the 
 Consul set out from Borne to Athens, 
 
loe 
 
 A flnonT SYNTAX. 
 
 'i 
 
 
 li 
 
 
 If 
 
 1 
 t 
 
 I f ^ 
 
 
 and small lalauds aro put in tho Gonitivo, if tho Noun 
 be of tho Fn-Ht or Second JJeclen«i<,u and Singular inTu 
 other cases in the Ablative witiiout a preL on as 
 Konw^ a^iHules, Athenrs Archontes, cAnlln'Zk^ 
 sm judices, quotannlH civabantur, At Home Consula at 
 
 Comparative Degree. 
 
 translatcTAw^'i^^'f 7*^'*^ '^'^'' ''^'^''' ^^'^ Comparative is 
 translated oy the Latin quam : as, aestato dies longioros 
 BU^nt^S^a.. noctes. in sunuer the days are longer ZnZ 
 
 iiitoa^d Jf^!„i>^^*•f? J? ^v" "?^^ ""^^^ *h« Compamtivo 
 instoad ot quant with tlio ^ominative or Aceusativo • aH 
 
 vihus argentum est.auro. silocr is more c^nuoT^angold ' 
 
 Indicative Mood, 
 a.,? ^^* J^^ IiK^icative Mood speaks of a thin^ without 
 a nouse, nabitabo in ea, I shall dwell in it. 
 
 Subjunctive Mood. 
 
 §21. The Subjunctive Mood speaks of a thing with Romn 
 condition or doubt : as, [aodifico domumj ut n c^^S 
 [lam budding a house] in order that I ma>Xell m1/ Here 
 here is no doubt about the act onuihUng ; but whether 
 te person building will dwell in the house or not is un- 
 certain and depends upon circumstances. 
 
 § 22. The Conjunctions ut, that, in order that, and ne that 
 
 «c., are construed with tho Subjunctive: as, eoTt speL en 
 
 udos, laugojng in order that lia>^ look at theglTtoc 
 
 f-'CK> ). me inimicum tibi putes, these things I do that tl 
 
 may i;.' Junk me your enemy. J« ^ ao mat you 
 
 § 23. The Conjunction quin is used with tho Subiunctivo 
 . fter negatjvej^ropositions and propositions .^^^x-Iw C as 
 dies nullus est qum litteras scTlbam, there is o dZlh^l 
 do not write a letter; non dublto cmin verum dixXi T/ 
 not doubt that you have spoken the truth '* ^^^ 
 
 § 24. Tho Conjunction quo 
 
 is used for ut eo with the 
 
 III 
 
 iW 
 
A SHORT SYNTAX. 
 
 107 
 
 Subjunctive, and signifiuH that thcrchy, In order that, so that: 
 haoc lex data est, (luo nialof Id dotorroreutur, this law was 
 given {enacted) that therehij crU-dons vi'ujht he deterred. 
 
 § 25. The Conjuuetiou quomiuus, that not, is used with the 
 Subjunctivo aftu'r verbs of hindering, yrereutimj, rniistiug, <£v., 
 and must be trecineutly translated in I'hi-lish hy fnm. and 
 a verbal substantive : as, ai'ias nOs non iiiij.rdit (luonihius 
 litteras traeteiuua, wje does not p-eoent us from cultivating 
 literature. 
 
 § 26. Tho Subjunctivo is used in an Indirect Question ; 
 that is, a question quoted as having been asked, or ono 
 dependent upon some word expressing doubt, uncertainty, 
 or wonder, in tho former part <if tho sentence : as, Kogabo 
 quid factum sit, I will ask what has been done ; Mirum est 
 quae fuCrit causa. It io strange what the reason may have been ; 
 Videbo num rediorit, I will see whether ho has returned. 
 
 Note.— Tho Ilulo for tho soiiuouco of tonaua in tho fcsubjuuctivo 
 Moo*l is glveu on pp. 95, UG. 
 
 The Influitive. 
 § 27. The latter of two verbs is put in tho Infinitive : 
 as, Caesar hostcs superare potest, Caesar is able to overcome 
 the enemy. 
 
 § 28. Tho Accusative Caso and tlio Infinitive are used : 
 1. After words of saying, hearing, seeing, feeling, per- 
 ceiving, thinking, knowing : as, historia narrat Ro- 
 mara a Eonudo couditam esse, history relates that 
 Borne was founded by Romulus : sentlmus ciilerr) 
 ignem, nivcm esse albaui, dulce (esse) nud, toe 
 perceive that fire is hot, that snow is white, that honey 
 is sweet, 
 II. After such expressions as notum est, it is knmm ; 
 justum est, it is just ; verTsimile est, it is 2>robahle ; 
 constat, it is agreed, it is certain, etc. : as, cons tilt 
 Komam a Romuh") couditam esse, it is agreed that 
 Borne was founded by Bomulus. 
 
 The Supines. 
 
 § 29. The Supine in um is used after verbs of motion : 
 as, Lacedacmonii Agesilaum bellatum in Asiam misCrunt, the 
 ^ acedae'!)i'Mioii-°- sent A(!esilau8 into Asia to make war. 
 
 The Supine in G is used after many adjectives : as, facilis, 
 
108 
 
 A SHORT SYNTAX. 
 
 i M f 
 
 an 
 
 eaey, diffroil «. dtjicuh, dulcis, sweet, &o., and with fas est it 
 res difficihs factu est, M. ^4 is difficult to beloZ^' ' 
 
 The Gerund. 
 § 30. The Gerund is a Neuter Verbal Noim eoveminff 
 
 »r«. L«g&e puloh« carmM suave est, „„«„j (fc „^ i^„,.y„, 
 0«». Ar, pa.r,-„ Maeaodi aiffrc,,, o.t, ufLTofS^-u,,, .-. 
 
 »n^ Scribendo i^pCrani dat h 'Wt^\ . 
 
 ^^0. NatllH ad agendum ' i' "^"f" '"? ""»•« ^ «"•*<»«?• 
 
 .«. Lm«.^ t»etaori.e. .ca,ta, ti^j ":!:r^»„^,.., ,, 
 
 /M, mv . . dealing with letters. 
 
 ^^nt^^-^^^i^-^^^^^or^ with Pre.- 
 nataro,/Zeam«mmm/«i,. luhmtno is used: as, disco 
 
 The Gerundive. 
 «JrT?i'/^''' Gerundive is a Passive Verbal Adjective- as 
 
 wnen the Verb from wliieli the Gerundive comes 
 governs an Accusative Case, the Gerundive agrees S 
 the Nominative Case of its Noun : as, scrlbenda est mibj 
 gpistola a letter uust he or ouoht to he written h^Z, or jZ 
 or ought to write a letter. ^ ^,^i j. vinsi 
 
 the Dative (see preceding example). ^ 
 
 § 32. But when the Verb from which the Gerundive 
 
 CmtTve Srr^' "r^''^-^'"'^ ''T' -^1- case Xan the 
 Accusatue, the Gerundive is used impersonally in the 
 
 Nominative Case Singular Neuter. The Obiect is nut in 
 
 the case which the Verb governs, and the Subject L the 
 
 Dative Case: as,obtemperan,lum est nobis (.?«/4 vSu « 
 
 praeceptis (dative), u-e must ohe,, the lessons o/virtue\'cmno 
 
 i^::^|:f:r '-''''''' -'' ^^'"-^^ -^ --^- 
 
 N.B. The Dative of the Agent is not fdwaya exprcs8o4, 
 
( 109 ) 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 A. GllEEK NOUNS. 
 
 Fein. 
 A'ow. £l>Itum-c, ahruhj- 
 
 meiit. 
 (h'u. ftpItoni-Ga 
 })at. Eiiltniu-ao 
 Ace, Kpltom-eu 
 Vuc. £pItoui-e 
 Abl. £plt0m-e. 
 
 Nom. OrpliL'tia ^ 
 Gen. OrjihCi, Urphoi 
 Dat. OrpheO 
 Ace. Ori)li»5um 
 Voc. Ori>liou 
 Abl. Ori)hC6. 
 
 Kom. Dolua 
 
 Geii. Deli 
 
 Dat. DC'lo 
 
 Ace. Dclun, Dcluin 
 
 Voc. Deli5 
 
 Abl. Delo. 
 
 FlllrtT DECIiENBION. 
 
 MllHC. 
 
 AcnG-uB (jJiopiT 
 
 lUUllL') 
 
 Aouo-ivo 
 Aeiir-iio 
 AonC'-uii (am) 
 AonC'-ii 
 Acnc-a. 
 
 Second Declenhion 
 
 C)rpli(ai8 
 
 Muse. 
 
 Aiu'lii«.o« (prnj)or 
 
 UUUio) 
 
 AiK'hiH-ao 
 Aiidiis-ao 
 Aiu'luH-Oii (mil) 
 AncliiH-r (ft, a) 
 Auchis-c (a). 
 
 Orplifi, Orphi 
 
 OrjiliPii 
 
 Orphou, 
 
 Aiulrr>;;C<")8 
 Aiulri'^'Ci, Androt^C'o 
 AiidrugCo 
 
 Aii(lrugiV)n, An(lrti','Co 
 AiulrogC'tia 
 Aii(lrii;'i5o, 
 
 Obi'. Substaiitivt'S iu Ox KoiiH'tiiiu'H form their AccusativcB in OnH 
 as, AiulrOijcduu : so, Nom. Atliua, Ace. Athona. 
 
 Tiiiut* Declension. 
 
 Sing. 
 Nom. Pi'riclos 
 Gen. rcricliis, IV'ricli 
 Dat. rcricli 
 Ace. I'Criclem, i'C'ricIril 
 Voc. rCriclcH, I'CriclOs, I'Orielc 
 Abl. roricle. 
 
 Nom. I'ftrls 
 
 Gen. I'Jlridlw, rurldua 
 
 Dat. rarldi 
 
 Ace. random, rarida, rarin 
 
 Voc. Pari 
 Abl. Parlde. 
 
 Sing. 
 Nom. chlftmys, a cloah. 
 Gen. chl&iuydU, chlam^dos 
 Dat. chlftinj^di 
 Ace. chlftmydem, clilauij>da 
 Abl. chlam^fdfi. 
 
 sing. 
 I'allaH 
 
 Palladia, Palladns 
 I'alladi 
 
 I'alladum, I'allada 
 Pullaa 
 PalladS. 
 
 Sap])hO 
 
 Sajiphus, Sapiilinnls 
 
 Sapplii'i, Sapjiliniii 
 
 Sajipliit, iSajtpliuiicm 
 
 iSapphu 
 
 HaiiphoiiC. 
 
 llur. 
 cldamydOa or -Ca 
 ohlilinj?dum 
 chlamydibCls 
 chlaniydea, chlamydas 
 cblamj?dIbQ8. 
 
 L 
 
110 
 
 GENDERS OF NOUNS. 
 
 i! 
 
 u 
 
 I 
 
 'f>. 
 
 \ I 
 
 lil!l> 
 
 
 II i 
 
 / 
 
 B. THE GENDERS OF NOUNS. 
 
 GENERAL RULES. 
 Maaculhir' ^''""*'"'^'*' ^^"^ths, WindH, and Rivore, ire 
 2._Femalo8, Countries, Islaiuls, Towns, and Troos, are 
 
 3. Incleclinablo Nouns, as, fas, prrmlffcd hy heaven, nffus 
 not permitted hy hmven, nihil, nothing, aro Nvufrr. 
 
 4. Nouns donotin^r both tlio male and tho female as 
 conjux, husband or wife, are Common. * 
 
 SPECIAL RULES RELATING TO THE DECLENSIONS. 
 
 ^ I. First Dkclension.— All Nouns of tho First Declon^ 
 sion are Feminine, unloB? ihoy designate males : as, nauta 
 a sailor. ' 
 
 II. Second Declension.— Nouns in us and er are Mas- 
 culino ; those in um are Neuter. 
 
 A few Nouns in us aro Feminine : names of troos, as 
 malus, an apple-tree : also, alvus, the belly ; coins, a distaff; 
 humus the gronnd; vannus, a wimuming fan; arctus, the 
 constellation Bear ; curhiimi-i, Jine Ji ax. 
 
 .1. '^^^f^^.^^^^^^ if «S are Neuter : as, virus, poison; vulgus. 
 the multitude ; pelagus, the (open) sea. 
 
 III. Third Declension.— Nouns of tho Third Declension 
 are Masculine, lemiuine, or Neuter. Tlieir gender must 
 bo learned by practice. But the following terminations 
 indicate genders : — o » 
 
 1. Ma8culiae.-(ia) Nouus in or derivod from verbs : as, am-or, love 
 from amo, I love. ' ' 
 
 (6) Nouns in tor derived from vf^rhg- a« ams-tnr a 
 lover, from &mo, / hve; vio-tor, a conqueror, 
 {rom \inco, I conquer. ^ * 
 
 *v 
 
GENDERH OF NOUNS. 
 
 Ill 
 
 2. Feminine.— (a) Nounfl in lo and tio (h rivo«l fr< n verbs: as, 
 audi-lio, hmrituj, fmm uudin, 7 Imtr. 
 
 (h) Nouns in tfls <lorivo<l from Nouna : iiu. vir-tUB, 
 VKdd iin'SK, from vir, a man. 
 
 (c) NnunH in tie dorivtMl from NomiH iiml Adjcc- 
 tivt'H : iiH, rivMiiH, citizriiKhip, from civih, a 
 cithen ; crudoll-tii-s. rnolti/, from crudcliH. 
 criid, 
 
 (ff) Nouns in tQdo ".orivod ii mi Adjcotivi's: uh, 
 
 lougl-tudn, IflKj h, 'Voui Id. ^U8, loilij. 
 
 (e) Nouns in trix diuiv d frop.' Nouns in tor: as, 
 vic-trix, a fiiuale ■ ■<'i<)KC.'i*r, from vic-tor. 
 
 8. Neuter. — («) Nouns in e: us, mrnC, the wa. 
 
 (}>) Nouns in mSn dorivod froiu Verbs : as, llu-men, n 
 river, from llu-ere, to Jlow. 
 
 (c) No\ins in iis and ur : us, opus, a work ; fulgur, 
 liijIttniiKj. 
 
 IV. Fourth Declension. — Nouns in Qs aro Masculine : 
 those in u are Neuter. 
 
 A few Nouns in ua aio Foniinino : namely, tnhus, a tribe 
 (a division of the Koman peoi)lo) ; ucus, a needle ; porticus, 
 a portico ; domus, a honsa ; nurus, a dmujliter-ui-hiw ; anuH, 
 an old woman; socrus, a niothcr-in-Inw ; Idus ( pL), the Idea 
 (a division of the lionian month) ; munus, a hand. 
 
 V. Fifth Declension. — All aro FcuiiniiR^ excoj)!, dios 
 (day), which is either Masmliuo or FL-iainine in tlio 
 Singular, and always Masculine in tho Plural ; and merl- 
 dies, midday, which is always Masculine. 
 
 r 2 
 
\% 4 * 
 
 !< i 
 
 p 
 
 I '! 
 
 ^^2 PERFECTS AND SUPINES. 
 
 C. PERFECTS AND SUPINES. 
 
 1. Tm: First or A Conjugation. 
 Tho Perfects and the STipinos of the First Coniuiration 
 10 tove. Iho toUowing arc cxooijtioim •— 
 
 CrCpo, 
 
 CObo, 
 
 Domo, 
 
 SOno/ 
 
 Veto, 
 
 Tono, 
 
 Mlco, 
 
 Plrco, 
 
 Frlco, 
 Sgco,« 
 Jflvo,* 
 
 Lavo, 
 
 Do, 
 
 Sto, 
 
 cflbui, 
 donmi, 
 eniiui, 
 votiii, 
 
 tuUTli, 
 
 inlcui, 
 
 pllcui, 
 
 frieiii, 
 eeciii, 
 jiivi, 
 
 lavi, 
 
 dedi, 
 
 stCti, 
 
 cr(5i)Itnui, 
 
 cQbrtuin, 
 
 flumltum, 
 
 sniiitiini, 
 
 vCtlVun, 
 
 /plrcltnni, ) 
 
 crepare, 
 
 cfilmro, 
 
 doiiifiro, 
 
 Koufiro, 
 
 vCtaro, 
 
 tuiiaro, 
 
 mlcuro, 
 
 pllcare, 
 
 fricare, 
 
 sCcaro, 
 
 jQvaro, 
 
 lavaro, 
 
 dare, 
 stare, 
 
 to creak, 
 to lie. 
 to tame, 
 to sound, 
 to forbid, 
 to thunder, 
 to glitter. 
 
 to fold. 
 
 to rub. 
 to cut. 
 to assist. 
 
 to wash. 
 
 to give, 
 w stand. 
 
 Ipllcatniii, 
 
 frictuiii, 
 
 sectuiii, 
 
 jutum, 
 navatum,) 
 \liintum, / 
 
 datum, 
 
 etatum, 
 
 1. Sono has eOnatarus. 
 
 i' j^^^ » .Si2cataru8. 
 
 "*• '^^vo .. jflvaturus. 
 
 II. The SEce«|fcrf©fi E Conjugation. 
 Tho Perfects and Supines of the Second Conjuiration 
 end regnlarl; m ui and itum : as, moneo, nH;nni Smm 
 monere, to aduse. The foDowing are exceptions :- 
 1. Perfect~\u., Supi;: —tjxm. 
 
 D5ceo, 
 TCneo, 
 
 Misceo, 
 
 Torreo, 
 
 Sorbeo, 
 
 Censeo, 
 
 Dcloo, 
 
 Fleo, 
 
 Neo, 
 
 dijcui, 
 tfinui, 
 
 mibcui, 
 
 torrui, 
 |8orbni,'k 
 Uorpsi, / 
 
 ceuaui, 
 
 doctum, 
 tentum, 
 /niixtiiin,| 
 
 \iiiistuni 
 t-^dtuui, 
 
 asuin. 
 
 2. lWfct~eyi. 
 dtjlovi, dC'lctum, 
 
 flevi, flotuiu, 
 
 nevi, nC'tum, 
 
 ducoro, 
 tCuore, 
 
 uiiscore, 
 
 torrere, 
 
 sorberc, 
 
 consOre, 
 
 iSupine — etum. 
 
 dolere, 
 
 lloro, 
 
 Ufc e, 
 
 /Ploo, only iu compoeitiou. 
 \Compleo, complevi, completum, complero, 
 Ab61eo, abSlevi, abdlltum, aboi^re, 
 
 to tench, 
 to hold. 
 
 to mix. 
 
 to roast. 
 
 to stuck up. 
 
 to assess, think 
 
 to hlot out, destroy, 
 to weep. 
 to spin. 
 
 to fill up. 
 to abolish. 
 
 HI 
 
 X 
 
PERFECTS AND SUPINES. 
 
 118 
 
 y 
 
 Praudeo, 
 HiSdoo, 
 Video, 
 Btridoo, 
 
 Mordeo, 
 Poudoo, 
 Spondeo, 
 Toudoo, 
 
 Caveo, 
 Favoo, 
 FOvoo, 
 M6V0O, 
 VOvco, 
 
 Paveo, 
 Forveo, 
 
 8. Per/ect—i (di). Supine— SMOX. 
 
 praudi, pransum, prandero, to hrmh/aH. 
 Bodi, BOBBum, BCdoro, to nit. 
 
 vidi, visum, vldoro, to »cc. 
 
 Btrldi, — Btridero, to creak. 
 
 With Reduplication in the Perfect Tenses. 
 
 mSmordi, morsuni, 
 
 pCpoudi, pouBUiu, 
 
 BpOpondi, BpoiiBum, 
 
 tOtoudi, tousum, 
 
 Per/ect—i (vi). 
 
 cautiun, 
 
 fautuin, 
 
 futum, 
 
 uiotuni, 
 
 vOtum, 
 
 CdVl, 
 
 favi, 
 fovi, 
 movi, 
 vovi, 
 
 mordorc, 
 poudero, 
 Bpnudoro, 
 toildcre. 
 
 Supine — turn. 
 
 cavoro, 
 
 tlivero, 
 
 fOvoro, 
 
 in5vcro, 
 
 voverc, 
 
 to bite, 
 to hainj. 
 to promise. 
 to shear. 
 
 to guard oneself, 
 to favour, 
 to cherish, 
 to move. 
 to vow. 
 
 Conniveo, |connixi 
 
 pavi, 
 
 rfcrvi, 1 
 \forbui, / 
 /coniuvi,! 
 
 Without Supine. 
 
 — pavero, to fear. 
 
 — furvere, to boil. 
 
 — connivero, to wink. 
 
 Augeo, 
 
 Indulgeo, 
 
 Tonjuoo, 
 
 Ardoo, 
 
 Haoroo, 
 
 Jttbeo, 
 
 Maneo, 
 
 Mulcuo, 
 
 Mulgoo, 
 
 Ridoo, 
 
 Suadeo, 
 
 Tergoo, 
 
 Algeo, 
 
 Frigco, 
 
 Fulgco, 
 
 Lucoo, 
 
 Lugoo, 
 
 Turgoo, 
 
 Urgeo, 
 
 Audeo, 
 
 Gaudoo, 
 
 S6leo, 
 
 6. Perfect— Bi. Sujnne—tma. and sum. 
 
 auotuiu, 
 indultum, 
 tortuiu, 
 arsuin, 
 
 auxi, 
 
 indulBi, 
 
 torsi, 
 
 arsi, 
 
 hausi, 
 
 jussi, 
 
 niaiiBi, 
 
 luiilsi, 
 
 mulsi, 
 
 ribi, 
 
 BUiisi, 
 
 tersi, 
 
 alsi, 
 
 fiixi, 
 
 fulsi, 
 
 luxi, 
 
 luxi, 
 
 (turai), 
 
 ursi. 
 
 aiigcro, 
 
 indulgcre, 
 
 toniuero, 
 
 ardoro, 
 
 haiToro, 
 
 jQbore, 
 
 manero, 
 
 nudcere, 
 
 mulgcro, 
 
 ridC'ie, 
 
 biiadoro, 
 
 torgero, 
 
 ttlgero, 
 
 — frlgo-o, 
 
 — fulgero, 
 
 — lucero, 
 
 — iQgdro, 
 
 — turgcro, 
 
 — urgero, 
 
 6. The Neuter-Passives. 
 
 haesiim, 
 
 jiiBsum, 
 
 maiiHiira, 
 
 mulBum, 
 
 mulctuin; 
 
 risiim, 
 
 Buasvnn, 
 
 tor 8U 111, 
 
 auflus sum, 
 gttvisiiB 8um, 
 BulItUB Bum, 
 
 audoro, 
 
 gaudero, 
 
 86lero, 
 
 to increase, 
 to induhje. 
 to twist, 
 to blaze. 
 to stick. 
 to order, 
 to reimiin. 
 to stroke, 
 to viilh. 
 to laiitjh. 
 to adrixe. 
 to wipe. 
 
 \to be cold. 
 
 to shine. 
 to be light, 
 to grieve, 
 to swell, 
 to irress. 
 
 to dare, 
 
 to rejoice. 
 
 to bo accustomed. 
 
 -> 
 
*'^.- v 
 
 114 
 
 TERFECTS AND SUPINES. 
 
 If 
 
 
 
 \w 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 
 1 ■',■' 
 
 t! 
 
 m 
 
 \ ') 
 
 ii' 
 
 r 
 
 
 i ' 
 
 
 
 
 fo 
 
 ilik. 
 
 III. TifE Third (Consonant or U) Conjugation. 
 
 Vcrhs of tlio Third Conjugation aro beet classified ac- 
 cording to tho final consonants of the Stems. 
 
 1. Verbs the Stems of ivMch end in the Labials B, P. 
 
 (a). Perfect— Bi. Supiiie—trxm. 
 Note.— J5 becomes p before s and t. 
 
 Carpo, 
 
 Glubo, 
 
 Nubo, 
 
 Repo, 
 
 Scnlpo, 
 
 Scribe, 
 
 8erpo, 
 
 carpei, 
 
 gliijisi, 
 
 nujiH^, 
 
 ropsi, 
 
 scalpsi, 
 
 scripsi, 
 
 eerp«i, 
 
 carptnm, 
 
 gliiptmn, 
 
 nuiitum, 
 
 rejittim, 
 
 Bcalptuin, 
 
 ecriptum, 
 
 egrptum, 
 
 carpCro, 
 
 glubJre, 
 
 liubCro, 
 
 rt'iiCro, 
 
 scalpCro, 
 
 scriliCro, 
 
 BerpCro, 
 
 to pluck, 
 to peel. 
 to marry, 
 to creep, 
 to scratch. 
 to v}rite. 
 to crawl. 
 
 (b). Perfeot~xd. Supine— t\m or Itum. 
 fCumbo, 
 
 ^?Snn^' 'ff'"'' i^a^"""!, incumbgro, to lie upon 
 Strepo, Btrepui, etrepltum, etrCpdro, to maTa noise. 
 
 Rumpo, 
 Blbo, 
 Tiambo, 
 Scabo, 
 
 (c). Perfect— i. Supine— turn or wanting. 
 
 rupi, ruptum, runipgre, to buret. 
 
 Ian hi "~ i'^'^'^r' to drink. 
 
 Sr "" ^'^™^^^^«' to lick. 
 
 ^''^"' ~ soabdro, to scratch. 
 
 2. Verba the Stems of which end in the autturaU C, G, H, Q, X. 
 
 (a). Perfect— Bl Supine— tma. 
 
 Note.— C« and gs become x. O becomes c before t. 
 
 Dico, (Jixi, 
 
 Duco, duxi, 
 
 Co(iuo, coxi, 
 Cingo, cinxi, 
 f(Fligo, not used, 
 \Aflligo, aillixi, 
 
 B'rigo, frixi, 
 
 Jungo, junxi, 
 
 Lingo, linxi, 
 
 (■(Mungo, not used.) 
 
 \Emungo, ominixi, 
 
 Plango, pluuxi, 
 
 dictum, 
 ductuin, 
 coctum, 
 cinctum, 
 
 afflictum, 
 
 ('frictum,'^ 
 
 \frixum, / 
 
 jimctum, 
 
 liiictum, 
 
 emunctum, 
 plarictuni, 
 
 dicCro, 
 ducCro, 
 cu]uCro, 
 cingCro, 
 
 offligCro, 
 
 frIgCro, 
 
 jung(5ro, 
 lingCro, 
 
 emungiJre, 
 plaugCro, 
 
 to say. 
 to lead, 
 to cook. 
 to surroMtd. 
 to strike.) 
 to strike to 
 ground. 
 
 to parch, to fry^ 
 
 to join, 
 to lick. 
 
 to bloic the nose, 
 to beai. 
 
 the 
 
PERFECTS AND SUriNES. 
 
 115 
 
 R6go, 
 TCgo, 
 
 io,j 
 
 {■l' 
 
 lUgUO, 
 
 j lingo, \ 
 \Unguo, j 
 ((Stinguo, 
 \Ex8tiuguo 
 
 Traho, 
 
 VCho, 
 
 Ango, 
 
 Ningit, 
 
 Fin go, 
 
 ringo, 
 
 ytriugo, 
 
 Mergo, 
 
 Spargo, 
 
 Tergo, 
 
 Figo, 
 
 Flecto, 
 
 Necto, 
 
 Pecto, 
 
 Plecto, 
 
 rexi, 
 
 suxi, 
 texi, 
 
 tiuxi, 
 
 unxi, 
 
 not urtod.) 
 I, exstiuxi, 
 traxi, 
 vcxi, 
 anxi, 
 ninxit, 
 linxi, 
 piuxi, 
 strinxi, 
 
 rectum, 
 Buotnin, 
 toctiini, 
 
 tiuctum, 
 unctum, 
 
 exstinctum, 
 
 tractiuu, 
 
 vectiuu. 
 
 flctuni, 
 
 piotuiu, 
 
 Btrictum, 
 
 rCgCro, 
 
 BUgCro, 
 tC'LTcrt', 
 
 to direct, rule, 
 to unch. 
 to cover. 
 
 to dip. 
 to anoint. 
 
 (tingfins \ 
 \tingni5re, j 
 rungi'iv, \ 
 \iiugiioro, j 
 
 oxstinguCro, to exiino'ii'<1i- 
 
 trJlhCro, 
 
 \,:ht5ro, 
 
 augCro, 
 
 ningCro, 
 
 lingCro, 
 
 ItingCre, 
 
 BtringCro, 
 
 to drcKj. 
 
 to carry, to draw. 
 
 to rex. 
 
 to »HOW. 
 
 to form, to invent, 
 to yaint. 
 to <jra>>p. 
 
 racrsi, 
 
 Bparsi, 
 
 torsi, 
 
 iixi, 
 
 tloxi, 
 
 nexi, 
 
 puxi, 
 
 pluxi. 
 
 Perfect— Bi. S..inue-B\xra and xum. 
 
 uiorHum, 
 
 Bparsuin, 
 
 tersuiu, 
 
 fixum, 
 
 floxiim, 
 
 ntixuui, 
 
 poxum, 
 
 plcxum, 
 
 morgi^ro, 
 
 8pargi5re, 
 
 turgCre, 
 
 figCro, 
 
 ilfctiJro, 
 
 nectCre, 
 
 poctCro, 
 
 pliictiire, 
 
 to null, 
 to scatter, 
 to rripe. 
 to fix. 
 to bend. 
 to hind, 
 to coniJ). 
 to phiit. 
 
 (c). Perfect-i (wiih IlednpUcation). Supine-^ and turn. 
 
 Pango, 
 
 Farco, 
 
 Pungo, 
 
 Tango, 
 
 Disco, 
 
 P08CO, 
 
 Ago, 
 
 Frango, 
 
 Ico, 
 
 LCgo, 
 
 Linciuo, 
 
 Viuco, 
 
 Texo, 
 
 Flue, 
 Struo, 
 
 pGi)tgi,_ 
 
 pOporci, 
 
 papQgi, 
 
 tCtlgi, 
 
 dldici,^ 
 
 p5po8ci, 
 
 pactum, 
 parsuni, 
 punctuin, 
 tactum. 
 
 pangJ5ro, 
 
 parcCre, 
 
 piuigi5rCj 
 
 tangCre, 
 
 lUscCro, 
 
 poBcCre, 
 
 to fix. 
 to simre. 
 to itricli. 
 to touch, 
 to learn, 
 to demand. 
 
 (d). Ferfect—i (^with vowel of Stem lengthened). 
 
 frC'gi, 
 ici, 
 
 Icgi, 
 Uqui, 
 
 vici, 
 
 actum, 
 
 fractum, 
 
 ictum, 
 
 loctuni, 
 
 (lictum), 
 
 victum, 
 
 ngCi'o, 
 
 frangCro, 
 
 icdro, 
 
 iCgCSro, 
 
 lincjuCro, 
 
 vincCro, 
 
 Supine — turn. 
 toxCro, 
 
 (e). Perfect— m. 
 toxui, textum, 
 
 (/). Guttural Stem disguued. 
 
 fluxi, fluctum, flnCro, 
 
 Btruxi, Btructimi, Btrugro, 
 vixi. victum, vivfero, 
 
 to do. 
 to break. 
 to strike, 
 to f' ad. 
 to leai^e. 
 to conquer. 
 
 to weave. 
 
 to flow, 
 to pile up. 
 iolive. 
 
116 
 
 ■ iij 
 
 M 
 
 \ 
 
 I: 
 
 '•'. 
 
 jil 
 
 PERFECTS AND SUPINES. 
 3. Verba the Stems of which end in the Dentals D, T. 
 
 Claudo, 
 Divldo, 
 Laodo, 
 Ludo, 
 Plaudo, 
 Rado, 
 Rddo, 
 Trfido. 
 rVado,' 
 Unvado, 
 Cijdo, 
 Mitto, 
 
 (a). Perfect— Bi. Supine— tnm. 
 
 dropi)OL\ beforo e, but are somo. 
 
 Note.— D ant? f aro gonorally 
 times ch !,agod into « 
 
 clausi, 
 
 divisi, 
 
 laosi, 
 
 lusi, 
 
 plausi, 
 
 riisi, 
 
 rosi, 
 
 trusi, 
 
 clausum, 
 divisum, 
 lao«um, 
 
 lUHUlU, 
 
 plausum, 
 rafsum, 
 rotjuiii, 
 trusum, 
 
 [compounds, -Hi, -sum] 
 invasi, iuvasnm, 
 
 cossi, cesHuiu, 
 
 ciisi, misSum, 
 
 claudCrc, 
 
 divldiJro, 
 
 laedCro, 
 
 JudCro, 
 
 rlaudCro, 
 
 radCro, 
 
 rodCro, 
 
 truddro, 
 
 vad(5ro, 
 
 invadtJro, 
 
 codCro, 
 
 mittiSro, 
 
 Cado, 
 
 Caodo, 
 
 Pendo, 
 
 Tendo, 
 Tundo, 
 
 ci^cldi, 
 cCcidi, 
 pSpendi, 
 
 tCtondi, 
 
 tatQdi, 
 Do iu compos., 
 Abdo, a))drdi, 
 Addo, addldi, 
 Condo, coudldi, 
 
 (6). Perfect with Pedujilic-tion. 
 
 Dedo, 
 
 Edo, 
 
 Indo, 
 Perdo, 
 Prodo, 
 Roddo, 
 
 Subtlo, 
 
 Trade, 
 
 Credo, 
 Vondo, 
 Sisto, 
 
 Aocondo, 
 Giido, 
 
 d-drdi, 
 
 cdrdi, 
 
 indldi, 
 pordrdi, 
 prodldi, 
 rcddldi, 
 
 eubdidi, 
 
 tradrdi, 
 
 crcdrdi, 
 vendldi, 
 etiti, 
 
 (c). 
 
 accondi, 
 cudi, 
 
 ciisum, 
 caosum, 
 ponsum, 
 rtonsum, 
 1 ton turn, 
 |tun8um, 
 \tusum, 
 
 abditum, 
 addltum, 
 condltum, 
 
 dodltum, 
 
 cdltum, 
 
 indltum, 
 perdltum, 
 prudltum, 
 reddltum, 
 
 subdiium, 
 
 tradltum, 
 
 crodrtum, 
 
 vondltum, 
 
 statum, 
 
 Perfect~i. 
 
 ncconsum, 
 cuBum. 
 
 eadfSro, 
 
 caedi5ro, 
 
 pendtSro, 
 
 •tendSro, 
 
 } 
 
 jtundfire, to beat. 
 
 to fhut. 
 
 to divide. 
 
 to fttrih-e, to injure. 
 
 to play. 
 
 to dap the hands. 
 
 to scrape. 
 
 to gnaw. 
 
 to thrust. 
 
 to (JO. 
 
 to (JO against 
 to yield, 
 to send. 
 
 to fall. 
 
 to strike, to cut. 
 
 to hung, to wei(jh. 
 
 to stretch. 
 
 alxlCro, 
 adddro, 
 condtiro, 
 
 dcdCre, 
 
 eddro, 
 
 indCre, 
 porddro, 
 proddro, 
 rodddre, 
 
 BubdSro, 
 
 traddro, 
 
 creddro, 
 venddro, 
 eistdro, 
 
 Sup^e — sum. 
 
 accenddro, 
 cuddro 
 
 to put. 
 
 toputaway,tohide. 
 to put to, to add. 
 to put together, to 
 huild, conceid. 
 
 to put down, to sur- 
 render. 
 
 to put forth, topuh- 
 lish. 
 
 to put on. 
 
 to ruin, to lose. 
 
 to betray. 
 
 to put back, to re 
 store. 
 
 to putunder, to sub- 
 stitute. 
 
 to put across, to de- 
 liver, 
 to believe, 
 to sell, 
 to cause to stand. 
 
 to set on fire. 
 
 tq haviviet,. 
 
PERFECTS AND SUPINES. 
 
 117 
 
 £do, 
 
 cdi, 
 
 csum, 
 
 CdCro, 
 
 to cat. 
 
 (Fcndo, uot used, 
 
 
 
 to gtriliP.) 
 
 Defondo, 
 
 dot'oudi, 
 
 di'fonBum, 
 
 dcfi'nd(5ro, 
 
 to irard off, to de 
 fnut. 
 
 Offoudo, 
 
 offcudi, 
 
 offbnsuni. 
 
 ("ffondCro, 
 
 to utriLc against, to 
 axxanlt. 
 
 Fundo, 
 
 fudi, 
 
 fusum, 
 
 fundCro, 
 
 to 'ponr. 
 
 Incondo, 
 
 incendi, 
 
 iuconsura, 
 
 iuceii(lc!ro, 
 
 to hum. 
 
 Mando, 
 
 luandi (rare), mansuiu, 
 
 maiulCre, 
 
 to chew. 
 
 Pando, 
 
 pandi, 
 
 jpanaum or\ 
 \ passiun,/ 
 
 paiulCro, 
 
 to spread. 
 
 PrChcndo 
 
 , prChondi, 
 
 prChunauin, 
 
 pruliL'ndiJro, 
 
 to (jraHv, 
 to dim)). 
 
 Scaudo, 
 
 soandi, 
 
 scansuni, 
 
 8candi5rc», 
 
 f Stride 1, 
 
 etridi, 
 
 — 
 
 stridCro, 
 
 to creak. 
 
 \Stridoo, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Vorto, 
 
 vorti, 
 
 vorsum, 
 
 vorti'TO, 
 
 to turn. 
 
 Findo, 
 
 ftdi, 
 
 iissum, 
 
 fiiidi'TO, 
 
 to deave. 
 
 Scindo, 
 
 Bcldi, 
 
 Bcissmn, 
 
 BcindCre, 
 
 to tear. 
 
 fFrendo, 
 \Frondoo, 
 
 
 frcssiim, 
 
 freiulCro, 
 
 to gnash the teeth. 
 
 — 
 
 froHinu, 
 
 
 
 
 
 (d). Othei 
 
 • Forms. 
 
 
 M6to, 
 
 mesBiii, 
 
 messnin, 
 
 mCtCro, 
 
 to VIOID. 
 
 PCto, 
 
 pCtlvi or 
 pCtIi, 
 
 pCtituui, 
 
 pCtCro, 
 
 to seek. 
 
 Sido, 
 
 scdi (rare 
 eidi), 
 
 ly, _ 
 
 sidciro, 
 
 to sit down. 
 
 Storto, 
 
 Btertui, 
 
 — 
 
 fitortCro, 
 
 to snore. 
 
 Fido, 
 
 fiaua SUBC 
 
 ', — 
 
 tld(5ro. 
 
 to trust. 
 
 4. Verbs the Stems of which end in the Liquids L, M, N. 
 
 Alo, 
 
 Cfilo, 
 
 ConsUlo, 
 
 M5lo, 
 
 Occalo, 
 
 V5lo, 
 
 Frfimo, 
 
 Gfimo, 
 
 TrSmo, 
 
 VSrao, 
 
 Gigno, 
 
 FftUo, 
 Polio, 
 
 (a). Perfect— xd. Supine—ltMrn or turn. 
 
 &lui, 
 
 cuhii, 
 
 constllui, 
 
 mului, 
 
 occalui, 
 
 vOlui, 
 
 frCmui, 
 
 gCmui, 
 
 trCmui, 
 
 vOmui, 
 
 gguui, 
 
 |alltum or \ 
 \ altum, / 
 cultmn, 
 consultum, 
 molltuui, 
 occultum, 
 
 frfimitum, 
 gCmltum, 
 
 vSmitura, 
 gCnltuiu, 
 
 alCro, 
 
 culi5ro, 
 
 coiiHalCro, 
 
 molCro, 
 
 occttldro, 
 
 vollo, 
 
 frCmCro, 
 
 gCnii5ro, 
 
 tri!inCro, 
 
 vSniCro, 
 
 gignCro, 
 
 to nourish. 
 
 to till. 
 to consult, 
 to grind, 
 to conceal, 
 to tcish. 
 to roar, 
 to groan. 
 to tremble. 
 to vomit, 
 to produce. 
 
 (h). Perfect with Reduplication. 
 
 fefelli, 
 pCpali, 
 c&]iui. 
 
 falsum, 
 
 pulRixm, 
 
 cahtum, 
 
 fallCro, 
 pollflro, 
 cancre, 
 
 to deceive, 
 to drive, 
 to sing. 
 
 > 
 
118 
 
 PERFECTS AND SUi'TNES. 
 
 urn 
 
 Comn, 
 
 Pf'IllO, 
 
 Sumo, 
 Temno, 
 
 Percollo, 
 Psallo, 
 
 Velio, 
 
 Tollo, 
 
 Enio, 
 
 I'rCmo, 
 
 Lino, 
 
 Sino, 
 
 (c). 
 
 Cciao, 
 
 Speriio, 
 
 8ternt\ 
 
 GCro, 
 
 tJro, 
 
 Curro, 
 
 FCro, 
 
 Quaoro, 
 
 Sdro, 
 
 BCro, 
 T6ro, 
 Verro, 
 
 Depso, 
 
 Pinso, 
 
 Piso, 
 
 ViBO, 
 
 Pono, 
 
 ArcesHO, 
 
 Capesso, 
 
 Facosso, 
 
 Lacosso, 
 
 Acuo, 
 Arguo, 
 
 oompsi, 
 
 pr-iuipyi, 
 
 flumpsi, 
 
 ti'iiipsi, 
 
 ptrctili, 
 
 paalli, 
 
 vclh', 
 flUHtilli, 
 eini, 
 prcsHi, 
 Icvi or livi 
 
 I'erfect — si. 
 
 coniptuin, 
 (Icinptniii, 
 proiuptinn, 
 Piniiptnni, 
 tempt urn, 
 
 l^upine—tma., 
 
 coTiiCro, 
 
 (loniCro, 
 
 prrnnCro, 
 
 HuniCro, 
 
 temnfiro, 
 
 to adorn, 
 to take, nway, 
 to tal: forth. 
 to talis up. 
 to despise. 
 
 id). Other Forms. 
 porculsuxu, 
 
 vu.t.;vm, 
 
 SUblaCiitJ: 
 
 oiuptiur.. 
 presKUu,, 
 isttim, 
 tiii/im, 
 
 prrcellt-ro, 
 p j.llCro, 
 
 v»!ilaro, 
 
 j.'rd'ijilro, 
 
 liiiCro, 
 
 BinCro, 
 
 to strike down. 
 
 to play on a Htriiuj^i 
 
 instrument, 
 to plueh. 
 to raise up. 
 to take or buy. 
 to press. 
 to smear. 
 to permit. 
 
 5. Vcrls the Stems of ivJiich end in the Liquid R. 
 
 ere VI, 
 
 Blirovi, 
 
 Btravi, 
 
 gosai, 
 
 us.si, 
 
 <HlL'urri, 
 
 uh. 
 
 quiK .sivi, 
 
 sCrui, 
 
 Bcvi, 
 trivi, 
 verri, 
 
 6. Verbs 
 
 depsni, 
 rpinsui, 
 
 Ipinsi, 
 
 visi, 
 
 p(^siii, 
 
 nrcosslvi, 
 
 capessivi, 
 
 ftlCOSHi, 
 
 lacessivi, 
 
 crctnm, 
 
 sprdtum, 
 
 et latum, 
 
 g'dtum, 
 
 iistum, 
 
 cursiim, 
 
 latum, 
 
 quaesitubi, 
 
 aertum, 
 
 satum, 
 tritum, 
 versum, 
 
 cornCro, 
 
 81)eriiCro, 
 
 BternCro, 
 
 goriJro, 
 
 urCre, 
 
 currCro, 
 
 ferre, 
 
 qnaorCro, 
 
 BurCre, 
 
 sCrdre, 
 tCicSro, 
 verrCro, 
 
 to sift, to divide. 
 
 to despise. 
 
 to strew. 
 
 to carry. 
 
 to hum. 
 
 to run. 
 
 to hear, carry. 
 
 to seek. 
 
 to put in rows, to 
 
 plait, 
 to sow. 
 to rub. 
 to sweep, 
 
 the Stems of lohich end in S, X. 
 
 to hnead, 
 to pound. 
 
 ^y^ 
 
 depatum, 
 pinsituin, 
 pinsum, 
 pistum. 
 
 pSsItnra, 
 
 arcessitum, 
 
 caijossitum, 
 
 ftlcesHitum, 
 
 lacesuitum, 
 
 depsCre, 
 
 I pinsCro, 
 
 pisCro, 
 visCro, 
 punCro, 
 arccHsCre, 
 *"'* 7 ""ssCro, 
 1 " ' sCre, 
 1" ■ . . jfire. 
 
 to pound, 
 to insit. 
 to place, 
 to send for. 
 to take in hand, 
 to make, to cause, 
 to provoke. 
 
 7. Verbs the Stems of which end in U, V. 
 
 Perfect — i. Supine — turn, 
 ftcui, acatum, acufire, to sharvtm. 
 
 argiii, urgutuin. argufire, to ^at^. ' 
 
TERFEOTS ANT> SUPINES. 
 
 119 
 
 cay. 
 
 rth. 
 
 lown. 
 lent. 
 
 buy. 
 
 iivide. 
 
 rry. 
 rowsy to 
 
 yi 
 
 and. 
 cau8e. 
 
 In-luo, 
 
 I'.xun, 
 
 Mlniio, 
 
 Bkut! o, 
 
 Buo, 
 
 Tvtbuo, 
 
 LS-vo, 
 
 imbui, 
 
 indui, 
 
 oxui, 
 
 iiiTinii, 
 
 lui, 
 
 spni, 
 
 Bt.atui, 
 
 sui, 
 
 trlbui, 
 
 lavi, 
 
 (ir^oo also 1 Cdiij.) 
 
 Solvo, 
 
 Volvo, 
 
 Coiigruo, 
 
 Luo,t 
 
 (Nuo, 
 
 Abmio, 
 
 Annuo, 
 
 MCtuo, 
 
 Pluit, 
 
 Stornuo, 
 
 Bolvi, 
 volvi, 
 congrui, 
 lui, 
 
 imbutum, 
 
 iuilutuni, 
 
 t'xfituni, 
 
 nilnutiuii, 
 
 riituni, 
 
 ppiitum, 
 
 Biritiitum, 
 
 Butuni, 
 
 tributum, 
 
 lilUtlUU, 
 
 Intnni, 
 
 Bolutum, 
 
 vulutuui, 
 
 abnui, 
 
 annul, 
 
 niotui, 
 
 ■ pluit or 
 
 pluvit, 
 sturnui, 
 
 ( pluit o*" \ 
 
 \ pluvit, / 
 
 imbuCro, 
 
 induCro, 
 
 exiulro, 
 
 nitiuitiro, 
 
 ruort', 
 
 8])ui5ro, 
 
 BtatuCro, 
 
 HU(5ri>, 
 
 tribuiJro, 
 
 lavCSro, 
 
 Bolv6ro, 
 volvCro, 
 congruCro, 
 hu^ro, 
 
 abnuSro, 
 annuGro, 
 niGtuCrc, 
 
 plu5re, 
 
 stornuCro, 
 
 to soak, 
 to put on. 
 to put off. 
 tn liHui'ii. 
 to rii)<h. 
 to »pit. 
 to get up. 
 
 to ^ew. 
 
 to didrihute. 
 
 to wash. 
 
 to looeen. 
 to roll, 
 to agree, 
 to afone. 
 to nod.) 
 to refuse, 
 to ciMent. 
 to feu r. 
 
 to rain. 
 
 to sneeze. 
 
 * rtto, Fut. rarticiple rulturufe. t Itto, Fut. Participle luIturuB. 
 
 8. Verba the Present Tense ofiohich ends in SCO. 
 Verbs' ending in sco are Inceptive; that is, donoto the 
 beginning of an action. They are formed from Verbs, 
 Nouns, and Adjectives. Incoptivcs formed from Verbs 
 have the Perfects of the Verbs from which they are derived, 
 but usually no Supines: as, incalesco, incalui, mcalescere, 
 to grow warm- from crdeo, calui, caldro, fo he warm. The 
 followino- Incoptivcs are exceptions and have bupmes :— 
 o "- . ^.-. -ivi ...y..., to grmo out of use. 
 
 abolevi, 
 adolevi, 
 cxulevi, 
 coalui, 
 
 about um, 
 adultum, 
 oxolltuni, 
 cOalltum, 
 
 abQleacCro, 
 adolescCro, 
 cx5lcsc6ro, 
 cOaluscCro, 
 
 to groio up. 
 to groio old. 
 to grow together. 
 
 Abiilesco,* 
 AdOlesco,* 
 ExOlesco,* 
 Coalesco, 
 
 (alo) 
 Concapisco, concdpivi, 
 
 (cQpio) 
 Convalesco, convalui, 
 
 (valeo) 
 Exardesco, cxarsi, 
 
 InvCtSco, invCtCravi, mveteratum,invCtera8cero, to grow old. 
 
 RgiSo7\evix^ rSvictum, rfivivi.cCro, to ^<^ to life 
 
 si™"^ Bcivi, scitum. BciBCgre, to seek to know, to 
 
 (scio) ^ ^ ^ X^ 
 
 • AbOlcBco, i/irikBC^, oxuiesco aro formed from an c-solcc 
 verb 5lco, to grow. 
 
 concttpitum, concflpiscCro, to desire. 
 convalltum, convalescCro, to grow strong. 
 oxarsum, exarduBcCro, to take fire. 
 
120 
 
 PERFECTS AND SUPINES. 
 
 •'S 
 
 i 
 
 IIM 
 
 
 -8 
 
 J ' ' 
 
 ll 
 
 i i 
 
 •ill 
 
 'Wr'' 
 
 
 iil'i 
 
 ■; '1 ! 
 
 lucoptivos formed from Nouns and Adjoctivos have 
 either I erfoctH in m and no Supinen, or thoy want ]K,th 
 1 crlects and Supines : as, 
 
 CousCnosco, oonsCimi, 
 
 (hCuox) 
 Ingravosco, — 
 
 (gravis) 
 
 JttvClK'HCO, — 
 
 (jflvCnis) 
 MutiiroBoo, matfirni, 
 
 (matQrus) 
 Obiuutosoo, obmutui, 
 
 (mutus) 
 
 cnnsCnoscCro, to graio old. 
 ingrttvoseCro, to ijrow heavy. 
 jttvCnosciiro, to grow young. 
 niaturo8Ct5ro, to grow ripe. 
 obmutescCre, to grow dumb. 
 
 The following Verbs in 8ro are derived from forms no 
 longer m use, and arc therefore treated as underived 
 
 Verbs 
 
 Crosco, 
 
 Glisoo, 
 
 Hisco, 
 
 Nosco,* 
 
 Pusco, 
 
 Quiosco, 
 
 Sueaco, 
 
 crevi, 
 
 novi, 
 pavi, 
 quicvi, 
 sucvi, 
 
 crctum, 
 
 notum, 
 pastuni, 
 quiotuin, 
 siiotum, 
 
 croscCro, 
 
 gliscCro, 
 
 hiscCre, 
 
 noscCro, 
 
 pascCro, 
 
 quioscCro, 
 
 BuesciJro, 
 
 <(> grow. 
 
 to aioell. 
 
 to gape. 
 
 to learn, to hnmo. 
 
 to feed. 
 
 to become quiet. 
 
 to grow accudomvd. 
 
 Capio, 
 
 Facio, 
 
 Jacio, 
 
 FQgio, 
 
 Fi^xlio, 
 
 Rapio, 
 
 Pario,* 
 
 Qnatio, 
 
 Cflpio, 
 
 Sapio, 
 
 Lacio, 
 Spficio, 
 
 Tho Prosont sigiiilics I him; tlio Perfect, / know • 
 tbo Pluperfect, //c/iti^'. ' 
 
 Third Conjugation with I in certain Tenses. 
 
 to toko, 
 to make. 
 
 cepi, 
 
 feci, 
 
 jeci, 
 
 focli, 
 
 rapui, 
 
 pCpCri, 
 
 captuni, 
 
 factum, 
 
 jactum, 
 
 filgltuin, 
 
 fo«8uia, 
 
 raptum, 
 
 partuin, 
 
 (no perfect), quassiun, 
 capivi. cai)itura, 
 
 eapivi, — 
 
 capi5re, 
 
 fJlcCSro, 
 
 jacCre, 
 
 fi1gt5ro, 
 
 fudiiro, 
 
 rai)Cro, 
 
 parere, 
 
 qiiatCro, 
 
 c£ipi5ro, 
 
 eapOre, 
 
 laoCro, 
 8i)eot5ro, 
 
 ♦ pario. Future Participle 
 
 IV. The Fourth or I Conjuoation. 
 
 to throw, 
 to flee, 
 to dig. 
 to seize, 
 to bring forth, 
 to shake. 
 to desire, 
 to taste. 
 
 to draw Ararc, oxc('j)t 
 eidine \ iu coinpo- 
 . to look ) eition. 
 
 parlturus. 
 
 - .I\*ho Fourth Conjugation tho Torfect ends regularly in 
 ivi tho Supine in itum: as, audio, audlvi, audltum, audlro. 
 to near. 1 ho tollowing are excopti<:)n8 : — 
 
 Falcio, fuW, fuUum, fuloire, to prop. 
 
PERFECTS AND BUl'lNEB. 
 
 121 
 
 Haurio, 
 Bancio, 
 
 haiiHi, 
 sanxi, 
 
 haustum, hauriro, 
 /saucitum or\,^.^^ 
 { Banctum, r'^"''"^' 
 
 to draw (water) 
 to ratify. 
 
 Sarcio, 
 Bontio, 
 Saopio, 
 Vincio, 
 
 earni, 
 
 Bonsi, 
 
 Ba(;pHi, 
 
 vinxi, 
 
 ivi, 
 
 Bartuni, 
 
 Boiitium, 
 
 Biioptuin, 
 
 viuctum, 
 
 Ituni, 
 
 Barciro, 
 
 Hontiro, 
 
 Baopiro, 
 
 viuciro, 
 
 iro, 
 
 to patch, 
 to feel, to think, 
 ' to fence in. 
 to bind, 
 to go. 
 
 B&lio, 
 
 B(5p5lio, 
 VCuio, 
 
 (sillui or 
 \ HAlii, 
 
 flCpC'livi, 
 
 vcni, 
 
 tialtum, 
 
 BCpultiim, 
 vfutuni, 
 
 fctaliro, 
 
 BCpf^liro, 
 vCiiiro, 
 
 to hap, 
 
 to bury, 
 to come. 
 
 Anilcio, 
 
 ramlcui or 
 \ aniixi. 
 
 >amictum. 
 
 amiciro. 
 
 to clothe. 
 
 ApCrio, 
 OpCrio, 
 
 ftpCrui, 
 upCrui, 
 
 tlpurtnm, 
 Sportum, 
 
 ftpCrlro, 
 opCriro, 
 
 to open. 
 to cover. 
 
 V. DErONHNTS. 
 
 1. In tho First Conjugation tho rorlocts and Supinow are 
 all regular. 
 
 2. Second 
 
 F&teor, 
 Llceor, 
 MCdoor, 
 MCreor, 
 
 MlsCreor, 
 
 Polllcoor, 
 Koor, 
 Tueor, 
 VCroor, 
 
 Conjugation : 
 
 fasauB sum, 
 iMtuB sum, 
 
 mCrltUB sum, 
 fmlsGrltuB sum or 
 \ ralsortus sum, 
 
 poUlcItuB sum, 
 
 r&tus sum, 
 
 tultus sum, 
 
 vCrltus Bum, 
 
 3. Third Conjugation : 
 
 jfrultuB sum or 
 \ fructus aum, 
 functus sum, 
 gresBUs Hum, 
 lapsUB tuiji. 
 
 Fruor,* 
 
 Fungor, 
 
 Gradior, 
 
 Labor, 
 
 Litiuor, 
 
 L6(iuor, 
 
 Morior,t 
 
 Nitor, 
 
 Patior, 
 QuCror, 
 
 Iflcutuo .u'a, 
 mortuuB sum, 
 Jnixus sum or 
 \ nisuB sum, 
 pasBUr sum, 
 quest.. . sum. 
 
 fateri, 
 llceri, 
 mCderi, 
 mCreri, 
 
 jmlsCreri, 
 
 polllceri, 
 rcri, 
 tueri, 
 vCrcri, 
 
 jfrui, 
 
 fungi, 
 
 grruli, 
 
 lai)i, 
 
 li(iui, 
 
 lOi^ui, 
 
 muri, 
 
 initi, 
 
 pati, 
 quCri, 
 
 I' 
 
 to confess, 
 
 to hid at a saU. 
 
 to heal. 
 
 to earn, to deserr^e, 
 
 to take pity on. 
 
 to promise, 
 to think, 
 to 2>rutcct. 
 to fear. 
 
 to enjoy. 
 
 to perform, 
 to step, 
 to slip, 
 to melt, 
 to xpeah, 
 to die. 
 
 to strain. 
 
 to suffer, 
 to complain. 
 
 * fruor, 
 t mOrior, 
 
 Future Participle 
 
 ffUlla.US. 
 
 mOrliiir .?;• 
 
f. ■ 
 
 L .. i 
 
 •i. 
 
 ii 
 
 
 ' ' 
 
 : 
 
 ! » 
 
 122 
 
 Ringor, 
 
 SCquor, 
 tJtor, 
 
 i(Verto) 
 RCvcrtor, 
 (Plocto) 
 Aini)loctor, 
 Compicctor, 
 Apiscor, 
 A(lIi)iHCor, 
 CnmruIni8cor, 
 RCmlnirtcor, 
 DC'fttisonr, 
 Expergiscor, 
 ("Irascor, 
 \ Nanciacor, 
 Nascor, 
 Obliviscor, 
 Pftciscor, 
 PrOftcisoor, 
 Ulciscor, 
 Voscor, 
 
 PERFECTS AND H!,, INE8. 
 
 — riugi, to shnir (hr feeth^ 
 
 BCofittis Slim, Bfi(iui, fo/oUow. ' 
 
 U8U8 8um, uti, to une. 
 
 (rCvorsiip sum), rCvorti, torctnm. 
 
 amploxiis nini, 
 cf»nipli;:;ii8 sum, 
 ai)tu8 iiViin, 
 ft<K'l)tiiB flum, 
 coiiiUioiitus Buin, 
 
 defeHsns sum, 
 expci rectus siun, 
 
 nactuH sum, 
 natus sum, 
 oblitus sum, 
 pactus sura, 
 prSfoctus sum, 
 ultuB sum, 
 
 amplocti, 
 
 coinpl(,)cti, 
 
 fipiHci, 
 
 Jlfllpisci, 
 
 conuulnisci, 
 
 rCinliiiaci, 
 
 (IrfCtiaci, 
 
 oxpergisci, 
 
 Ii'iiHri, 
 
 Uiiuciaci, 
 
 nasci, 
 
 oblivisci, 
 
 pneiHoi, 
 
 proflcisci, 
 
 ulcisci, 
 
 vosci, 
 
 ^) emhrare, 
 
 to (' nil I race. 
 
 to olifdin. 
 
 tn ohfdin. 
 
 to (IciiHe. 
 
 to ronemhrr. 
 
 to groin weary, 
 
 to wah' vp. 
 
 to he nnfjrif. 
 
 to ohfnin hy chanoe. 
 
 to lie h- rn. 
 
 < /onjet. 
 
 to make an agreement. 
 
 to ftfit out. 
 to a iKje, 
 to eat. 
 
 4. Fourth Conjugation : 
 
 Asaontior, assousus sum, 
 Blandior, blanditus sum, 
 
 ExpCrior, oxportus sum, 
 Largior, largitus sum, 
 
 Mentior, moutitus sum, 
 
 Metior, monsus sum, 
 
 Molior, molitus stim, 
 
 OppCrior, /opppini.s sum, 
 
 ' f. loppCritU8 sum, 
 
 Ordior, orsus sura, 
 
 Orior,* oitus sum, 
 
 Partior, partltus sum, 
 
 Potior,t putitus sum, 
 
 Sortior, sortitus sum, 
 
 asfloiitiri, 
 
 blivndiri, 
 
 oxji'nri, 
 
 lar^,: j, 
 
 ui' iiliri, 
 
 uiL-tiri, 
 
 muliri 
 
 |oi»pCriri, 
 
 ordiri, 
 
 uriri, 
 
 partiri, 
 
 potlri, 
 
 sortiri. 
 
 to (iijree to, 
 
 tojiait, . 
 
 to try. 
 
 to (jirr I, < I lint i fully. 
 
 to lie. 
 
 to meanure. 
 
 to labour. 
 
 to wait for. 
 
 to hrijin. 
 
 to r?>ie, 
 
 to 'ide. 
 
 to I in -'session of. 
 
 to rf t. 
 
 borro^^ed from ; ,o 3rd Cou.iugation : Pre... Indie. i5r5rls or orirls 
 oritur 5rlmur. in the Lnperf SnhJ. both urc-rer and uriror are fouud!' 
 T in tlio Irn^drJ. Suhj. both potirCr aud potCrCr are found. 
 
 it ' 
 
 iitii 
 
 k: 
 
DEFECTIVE VERBS. 
 
 123 
 
 D. DEFECTIVE VEUliS. 
 
 Defectivo \vvhs aro such as want many Touhob and 
 
 PerBuns. 
 
 I, CoopI, I began. 
 
 II. Mt'iuinr, I remember. 
 
 III. Odi, I hate. 
 
 INDIC'AIIVB. 
 
 Coepi Mi''intni 
 
 Ctu'iH'rara JMC-mlnCram 
 
 CoopCro Mt'iuiutTO 
 
 SVHJVNOTIVE. 
 
 Cocpf^rim MCmtnSrim 
 
 Coepibocm MCmluiBsom 
 
 Imi'euative. 
 
 (wanting.) ]M;5inonto 
 
 MCmeutotS 
 
 Infinitive. 
 (.liopisse MCmlnisag 
 
 Particu'le. 
 Coci 18 (wanting.) 
 
 PASSIVE VOICE. 
 
 Inuioativb. 
 Cocpttts sum. Plupcrf. 
 
 FuL-Ferf. Coepta^ Cro. 
 
 SlB.)lNCTlVE. 
 
 Coeptas bfiru. I'lupt rf. 
 
 iNriNITIVE. 
 
 Perfcrt. Cocptus essC. 
 
 NB— TIio Pafisivo fmrns aro used when tlic Infinitive which 
 follows is in tlio Pusnivc voice : as, Saguntum cooptum eat oppuguan, 
 Saguntum teas begun to be besieged. 
 
 IV. Aio, I say : — 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 Pluprrf. 
 
 Fut-Verf. 
 
 Perfect 
 Pluperf. 
 
 Future. 
 
 Perfect. 
 Future. 
 
 Perfect. 
 Perfect. 
 
 0(11. 
 
 O'lCram. 
 OilCro. 
 
 OflCrim. 
 Odisaom. 
 
 (wanting.) 
 
 Oilis86. 
 
 Coeptds Cram. 
 Coi'ptQs essoin. 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 Presents 
 S. Aio 
 
 Ma 
 Alt 
 P. — 
 
 Aiuut 
 
 Aias 
 
 Ai&t 
 
 Aiant 
 
 Pbeuekt PaivTicu'LE.— Aiens. 
 
 Indicative. Strjunctive. 
 Iiuiierfed. 
 
 8. Air-ham — 
 
 Aio baa — 
 
 Aiohat •— 
 
 p. Aiobamas — 
 
 AiC'bati.B — 
 
 Aiebaui. — 
 
 
124 
 
 DEFECTIVE VEHBB. 
 
 'ill' 
 
 its 
 
 « 
 
 Vnlnre. 
 
 Perfett 
 
 V. Inquaju, 8(iy J;— 
 Inuioativb. 
 Prcnent. Imperfect. 
 
 Imiuiim Iu((nToV)am 
 
 Inqulfl Inciuir-lu'is 
 
 In(]iilt In(juTi'l)i\t 
 
 IrKiiiTintIs Iiujulrlminas 
 
 Inqultis Inquir-hutls 
 
 Imjulunt Inqxiliibunt 
 
 Ohf. IiKimmi, like tlio Kn^'liH^i fay I, ««y« he, is always UBod aftol" 
 othor wordtt iu a Beutouco. 
 
 InquIC'8 
 
 IlKlUiHtl 
 
 luqiilCt 
 
 Inqult 
 
 
 iMl'EnATlVK. 
 
 PreMut. 
 
 Future. 
 
 Iii<|uC 
 
 Inqulto. 
 
 luijuItC 
 
 
 VI. Ffiri, to 8pcah, a Deponent :— 
 
 Indicative. Subjunctive. 
 
 Vresent. 
 Fatiur — 
 
 Future. 
 Pabur, fabltilr — 
 
 Verfcci. 
 FfttuB Bum, &c. Futus sim, &c. 
 
 Fluperject. 
 Patfla Crum Futas OBBcm 
 
 iMrEBATIVB. 
 
 Freeent, S.'Bat^ 
 
 Infinitive. 
 Fari 
 
 PARTICirLES. 
 
 Pregenf. Fantis, &c. (without a 
 
 Nom.") 
 Fcrfect. Futus (ft, um) 
 Gerundive. Fandils (a, um) 
 
 SrriNE — Fatu. 
 Geiiund — Fandi, 
 Faiiilo. 
 
 'I. 
 
 VII. The following iMrKiiATivES, 
 
 1. Ave (or have), Svete, hail. In fin. avere. 
 
 2. Salve, salvete, haih ivclcomc. Infin. salverS. 
 
 3. Cedo, cldite (or cette), yive vie. 
 
 4. Apage, fipagite, hcyone. 
 
 m 
 
Terfet^ 
 
 IlKlUiHtl 
 
 Inqult 
 
 K. 
 
 Future. 
 luqulto. 
 
 3 uuod aftor 
 
 Infinitive. 
 Fari 
 
 (without a 
 ) 
 
 ( 125 ) 
 
 V0CABULAI5TES. 
 
 In. = matKulliu'. 
 
 /. = ffuuiilne. 
 
 ft. = neuter. 
 
 c. — comuiuii (ponder, tliat U, tnaHculInn ojid rrniliiInK 
 
 Vocabulary 1. 
 
 ala, A 
 ftqulltt, /. 
 oQlonlii, /. 
 columbtt, /. 
 Corona, /. 
 femlna, /. 
 nila, /. 
 ineala, /. 
 mcnsa, /. 
 ora, /. 
 pCcunla, /. 
 porta, /. 
 paella, /. 
 rcgina, /. 
 Roma, /. 
 rCsa, /. 
 
 a wing. 
 
 (lU ('fUjlc. 
 
 a colony. 
 
 a (love. 
 
 a crown. 
 
 a woman. 
 
 a daughter. 
 
 an inland, 
 
 a table. 
 
 a coast. 
 
 tnoneij. 
 
 a (jate. 
 
 a girl. 
 
 a queen. 
 
 Home (the city). 
 
 a rose. 
 
 Vocabulary 2. 
 
 agrlcSla, m. 
 Miiicltlii, /. 
 Britannia, /. 
 cauea, /. 
 Europa, /. 
 Gallia, / 
 
 gloria, /. 
 Graocta, /. 
 incola, c. 
 Inlniicltia, /. 
 Italia, /. 
 nanta, m. 
 patria, /. 
 
 pC)cta, tn. 
 miPTia-. A. 
 
 Slcllla,'/. 
 Vita. f. 
 
 Pii. L. I. 
 
 a huHhandman. 
 fri('iuhhip. 
 Britain. 
 a cause. 
 Euro2)e. 
 Gaul (now 
 France). 
 glory. 
 Greece. 
 
 an inhabitant, 
 enmity. 
 Italy. 
 a sailor. 
 a native land, 
 
 nuntry. 
 a poet. 
 a battle. 
 t>i(ily. 
 life. 
 
 Vocabulary 3, 
 
 ftmicus, m. 
 aviiH, ni. 
 (luiulnus, m. 
 e(|mi8, 7/t. 
 niliiH, m. 
 
 fhlVlUH, HI. 
 
 gladlUH, m> 
 hortiiH, m. 
 InlnnonH, m. 
 Khr-mis, m. 
 llliriililnus, m. 
 ripa, /. 
 sorvus, m. 
 
 taurus, m. 
 
 a frii lid. 
 a (jrandfatlnT 
 ' a lonl, vuistvr. 
 a horse. 
 
 a ^■0)l. 
 
 a river, 
 a SH'ord. 
 a garden, 
 an enemy, 
 the, Wiinc. 
 the lihone. 
 a bank. 
 a slave, 
 a bull. 
 
 Vocabulary 4. 
 
 ilgor, TO. 
 ^;;Cner, m. 
 libor, ni. 
 nirigistur, m. 
 
 I mlnietor, in. 
 ptlor, m. 
 Hocor, m. 
 
 Nile. MliiiRter. lUjer, finir are iloclinol 
 like nii^^ster. SOcor, t;riuT are (k'tlinni 
 like plan. 
 
 afield, land, 
 a snn-in-liitP. 
 a booh. 
 a master, 
 teacher. 
 a servant. 
 a boy. 
 a father-in-Utw. 
 
 
 Vocabulary 5. 
 
 argontnm, n. 
 
 filver. 
 
 an rum, n. 
 
 gold. 
 
 brllmn, n. 
 
 /(•(jr. 
 
 cm linn, n. 
 
 heaven. 
 
 (Ullgontia, /. 
 
 diligence 
 
 doiium. ?/. 
 
 a gift. 
 
 gaudluni. n. 
 
 m- 
 
 mCtalluni, n. 
 
 a nutal. 
 
 opplduni, n. 
 
 a tawn. 
 
 
 M 
 
I' (■ 
 
 126 
 
 VOCABULARIES. 
 
 '''\ * 
 
 If' 
 
 ! f 
 
 pracmluin, n. 
 regnum, a. 
 scutum, 11. 
 tenipluni, n. 
 *1JCUH, m. 
 tliscIpQlud, VI. 
 inorbuB, ?h. 
 inClruH, VI. 
 KoiiiaiiuH, m. 
 terra. /. 
 
 a rnrnrd. 
 
 (I hivijiUim. 
 
 a nil i I Id. 
 
 a temple, 
 
 (I god. 
 
 a ]>u{iil, schiilnr. 
 
 a dill (t»<e. 
 
 a Willi. 
 
 (I llOIIKUl. 
 
 the ('(irtli, hind. 
 
 * V'dcjitivo Singular suqki an Num. 
 DOub: see p. 22. 
 
 Vocabulary 6. 
 
 ftcfitiiH, a, uiu, i<li(n-p. 
 
 iiihiiH, a, mil, irliilr. 
 
 iiltus, a, uiu, lihili, diip. 
 
 l)C'lllc'osiiH, a. mn, iaulihe. 
 
 IxiiiuH, a, mil, (jiHid. 
 
 gratus, a, mn, pleimnq. 
 
 latiiH, a, lun, wide, brand. 
 
 loiif^UH, a, mil, lomj. 
 
 inaguus, a, mn, <jrt'at. 
 
 niMuri, a, mil, had, nurJccd. 
 
 luulostiiH, a, mn, troiddcminc. 
 
 miiltuH, a, uni, vawh, vimiy. 
 
 noxIu8, a, luii, hnrf/nl, inju- 
 
 rioHK. 
 
 parvv.rt, a, um, small, littln. 
 rapl'.lu.s, a, mil, ra})id. 
 H|iluii(H(lii.s, a, mn, »)ih ndhl. bn'yhf. 
 tiiuMil.-^, a, mil. timid. 
 ucj;:er. gra. Lcniiii .<irlc. 
 initior, Cra, C'niiii, wntrJud. 
 I IfJCor, gra. grmn. },lacl;. 
 iiiilclicr, era. crmii, l»,inti/nl. 
 M'u'ur, era, cnuu, nai'ml. 
 
 jiax, pfififi, /. 
 judtx, juillcia, m. 
 lex, IC'gis,/. 
 rox. regis, to. 
 bt'iiigniiH, a, uni, 
 HniiiiH, a, uni, 
 jucmiduH, a, mn, 
 jnytuH, a, mn, 
 
 ItOMlllluH, VI. 
 
 BOveruti, a, mn, 
 
 prife. 
 
 a judge. 
 
 a law. 
 
 n hiiig, 
 
 hind. 
 
 fining. 
 
 Iihitsanl. 
 
 Jni't. 
 
 liiimidm. 
 
 Hccvre. 
 
 Vocabulary 8. 
 
 cuniofl, cniiiltis, c. 
 
 CIl.stdH, (Ml.-<(ri(]irt, c. 
 
 f'<jiU'w, t'liuitis, m. 
 lilpiH, lajildin, m. 
 niiK's, iiiilitiH, VI. 
 u\nvn, nuntiH, /. 
 
 ollHOH, (li)Hl(liH. n. 
 
 pi5tlt'H, iKMltid, m. 
 lU'stan, tfiti.'^, /. 
 civItaH, tutin, /. 
 
 tenipcMtan, tfitia,/. 
 voluntas, ftUis,/. 
 nnx, iioctin. /. 
 auotmiiinis, i, jn. 
 nati'ira, ar. /. 
 cIuruH, a, mn. 
 
 a pompanwn. 
 a gitardiiin. 
 a Imrnf-tiohlier. 
 n stone, 
 a naJdier. 
 
 dr„lll. 
 
 a liiiKtngp. 
 a /(xit-Holdier, 
 a sunnner. 
 (I stati', ciliziw 
 
 xli i/>. 
 a It'iii/wnf. 
 a wish, icill, 
 night, 
 mil limn, 
 nature. 
 dmr, renowned. 
 
 Vocabulary 9. 
 fratcr, tri.s. ni. a hmther. 
 
 tOiur, era, Crmii, 
 t'.\eiiipluni, /(. 
 h.'ista,/. 
 iiriiiu'ni.s, ni, 
 litjriiahmi, n. 
 
 tviiihr. 
 an ixaiii'i'li 
 a Kjirar. 
 a n mill II i . 
 dangi r. 
 
 yi/lc. Gratis, Mi(": list lib, nu.\i(i~ 
 luwi'il liy the Dative cjisi'. 
 
 Vocabulary 7. 
 
 arc lid- 
 
 IlIcniH. llTriuiH,/. 
 trali.s, trftl>iH, /. 
 urliH, urliiy. /. 
 arx, arcii*. /. 
 dux, dQcia, c. 
 
 winter, 
 a III (I III. 
 a rill/. 
 a citiidi I. 
 uhader,gini ral. 
 
 niatir, tri.s, /. 
 pftter, triH, ;/;. 
 aj^'i^'cr. Crin. m. 
 caldr, uri.-^. nt. 
 clamor, oris, ni. 
 Color, urin, m. 
 laltor, oriH, in. 
 odor, orin. ;». 
 soror, ori.s, f. 
 victor, urin, m. 
 tlos. ori.s. m. 
 
 sol, nn]'\f. m. 
 
 castru, oniui, x./,/. ,( ramp. 
 totiia, a, iiiii, irhide. 
 
 foHsn. ai', /, (r <iif,.h. 
 
 nmniiiHiilmn, i, n.a hirlijicution. 
 piacd.i. lU'. /. honli/. 
 
 varfUH. a, mil. di/erent., va- 
 
 riiniH. 
 
 a nmlhrr. 
 
 o fntliir. 
 
 a mniDid. 
 
 htat. 
 
 a nhoiil. 
 
 enlniir. 
 
 hdiiiur.hanhhip. 
 
 a unit II, i^rent. 
 
 a .-vV/rr. 
 
 a cniiijuerur. 
 
 a jhiwer. 
 
 till- fiia. 
 
 m\ 
 
V00ABIJLAU1E8. 
 
 127 
 
 mo. 
 
 huj. 
 
 id. 
 
 "".!• 
 
 (isanl. 
 
 f. 
 
 iiiidm. 
 
 tre. 
 
 8. 
 
 •niipani'on. 
 
 iKinlimi. 
 
 (irKc-Hi)ldier. 
 
 One. 
 
 ildier. 
 
 III. 
 
 xit-xoldier. 
 
 liiiincr. 
 
 tittt', citiziw 
 
 h if). 
 
 nipcst. 
 
 /•<//, ivill. 
 
 'if. 
 
 •iiiin. 
 
 ire. 
 
 r, nnou'?ied. 
 
 ). 
 
 other. 
 
 'tlirr. 
 
 fhrr. 
 iiind. 
 
 Old. 
 
 ir. 
 
 urjuuihhip. 
 
 ell, xant. 
 
 fer. 
 
 'ii/ueror. 
 
 irrr, 
 
 II n. 
 
 np. 
 
 tijieation. 
 
 f, 
 
 'fwif, va- 
 
 i 
 
 Vocabulary 10. 
 
 l6o, onifl, m. « linn. 
 
 Juno, onis, /. Jnuo. 
 
 pavo, ouiH, in. n )ifncoclt. 
 
 Hormo, oiiis, m. n discourse, 
 consuetudo, Inis, /. Indid. 
 
 {a iiKin, a 
 homo, Inid, r. ^ n-.mi.in. 
 
 muUltfulo, Inis, /. a vndtitude. 
 
 vir^'o, Inis, /. a maiden. 
 
 rrutor, oriH,'j». on orator. 
 
 ♦ivltur, Cra, Crum, second. 
 
 cortus, a, iim, eerlnin. 
 
 (ICa, ao, /. <i (joddexs. 
 (loctuSj a, nm, 
 iufinitus, a, nin, 
 
 Rllnerva, ac, /. 
 valMuB, ft, urn, 
 
 learned, 
 uidiiinndedj in- 
 finite. 
 Mimrva. 
 sfronij. 
 
 * The Genitive Siuguliir of alter is altCr- 
 1U8, Dat ulWrl. 
 
 Voaabulary 11. 
 
 civis, 18, 0. 
 cl'-.H-siij, ia, /. 
 hustia, in, o. 
 
 tiirris, '^, /. 
 \ii.'.Ua, is, /. 
 vuytiH. ii^i /. 
 clailea, 'o, /. 
 Uilbcb, i;), /. 
 rupLS, is, /. 
 uugUbtus, a, urn, 
 ator, iitra, atrum, 
 (luruH, a, uin, 
 nix, iilvis, /. 
 nutus. a, uia, 
 j.C'ritUH, a, inn, 
 lluiiiaiius, a, urn, 
 
 O citizen. 
 
 a Jleet. 
 
 an eniimy (vuh- 
 
 lie enemy). 
 a iuirer. 
 a ralley. 
 (I (jaiiiK nt, 
 HldUfihter. 
 a eiiiud. 
 a raeh, 
 nurruW. 
 hlack. 
 hard. , 
 »nini\ 
 hnfiwn. 
 skilful, 
 lioinan. 
 
 frigUH, firis, n. 
 lilus, ('ris, n. 
 tciiipns, lirin, n. 
 caput, Itis, n. 
 criiM, cruris, a. 
 ful^Mir. tlris, N. 
 r>s, Oris, /i. 
 rotu, is, n. 
 nifiri'. is, n. 
 anliiQl, ill is. n. 
 caK'iir, arls. n. 
 vrctiKiVl, ulis, n. 
 ftiinuH. i, m. 
 mitiijuus, a, um, 
 ' uurC'us, a, inn, 
 lialaiMi!', ac, /. 
 CarthuK<^> ^liii^i /• 
 
 CIcSro, onis, m. 
 
 dumlclllum, ii, n. 
 lilijphanturi, i, m. 
 ira, uc, /. 
 uoviis, ft, uni, 
 dcalns, i, in. 
 piscis, is, m. 
 profundus, n, tim 
 
 Vocabulary 12. 
 
 grfimen, 'nis. n. 
 uouit^n, Tiiis, a. 
 gCuuH, Cris, n. 
 oi)U8, Cris, n. 
 sidus, Cris, n. 
 
 BCfiluB, Crip, n, 
 dCcuB, Oris, n, 
 oorpuu, Oiio, n. 
 
 a name. 
 
 a nn'e, a f/i/vs. 
 
 a icorh. 
 
 a i>tar, conKtel- 
 
 lufion. 
 a crime. 
 an ornamenl. 
 a U<idy, 
 
 eoJd, 
 
 a nlmrc. 
 time. 
 a head. 
 It lnj. 
 liijhtning. 
 n iiundh. 
 n net. 
 the Kea. 
 nn aniimiL 
 a spur. 
 a tax., 
 a year, 
 aiicii nt, 
 
 (Jiildov. 
 a irhale. 
 Carthaije (a city 
 
 of Africa). 
 Cicero (a rtlc- 
 liratt'd llo- 
 nian orator). 
 afiode. 
 an ehphant. 
 anijer. 
 n'ii\ 
 an eije. 
 a Jixh, 
 , deep. 
 
 Vocabulary 13, 
 
 fu'cr, ens, ere, 
 color, Cris, ore. 
 lirrviH, o, 
 <lulciH. e, 
 (iiirii'ilis. o, 
 facili.-', o, 
 f idclis, o, 
 ICvis. o, 
 (iinnis. o. 
 lUilis. o. 
 auda.K, I'lcis, 
 n'lpax. ucis, 
 fiilix, icitf, 
 
 vclox, ocis, 
 inp-ns, ontis, 
 praoneiis. cutis, 
 pracstann, ant is, 
 potons, cnti-", 
 prudons. cutis, 
 ftrma, uruni. n. pi 
 cai'iiiuu, luis, n. 
 
 heen, fhurp. 
 fi^rift. 
 short, 
 foei't t, 
 di(licxdt. 
 easi/. 
 fai'llifiU. 
 'li'iht. 
 nil, I very. 
 iin' t'nl. 
 
 buld. 
 
 rajiiieioun. 
 fortiniaie, ovi- 
 
 cex.tful, 
 sirifl. 
 ■iiinni nfe. 
 pr> "■ id. 
 txeillent. 
 poii'irfni. 
 jirudcnt. 
 a mill. 
 a MHij. 
 
 M 2 
 
128 
 
 VOOABULAKIES. 
 
 f . 
 
 conelllum, ii, n. 
 frtror, oris, m. 
 humanus, a, um, 
 Inltluin, ii, )t. 
 uuvie, is, /. 
 Porsa, ao, m. 
 Bftgittft, ao, /. 
 vlfi, ao, /. 
 vastus, vCtCris, 
 viiiuin, i, V. 
 vuluus, Cris, 7*. 
 
 plan, coumeU 
 
 madness. 
 
 hi man. 
 
 a l/'fjinning. 
 
 a ship. 
 
 a Verxian, 
 
 an arrow. 
 
 a way, a ruad. 
 
 old. 
 
 winii. 
 
 a wound. 
 
 J Bogultlos, ei,/. 
 
 spos, Ci,/. 
 crCatnr, oris, m. 
 dfmilna, ao, /. 
 fortiina, uo, /. 
 ruruH, a, um, 
 Hil'ir'iius, a, mil, 
 victoria, ao,/. 
 
 Vocabulary 14. 
 
 ftous, lis, /. 
 arcus, us, ni. 
 auditUH, us, ?». 
 cursus. US, nt. 
 Cqultutiirt, us, VI. 
 o.\orcltus, us, m. 
 
 fioUS, UH, /. 
 
 fructuH, us, m. 
 mftgiHtratus, us, in. 
 niilnuH, us, /. 
 pCi'.lItutuH, u.s, m, 
 portus, lis, m. 
 querciiM, u.s,/. 
 
 Sl'IHUS, UH, IH. 
 
 visus, US, tn. 
 cornu, u.s, w. 
 g6nu, us, 7». 
 aurls, is,/, 
 corvus, i, m. 
 coolestis, o, 
 
 arcus cork'stis, 
 instruuioutuin, i, n. 
 nmgulflcus, u, uui, 
 
 tutus, a, U!M, 
 
 Soytha, ac, )«. 
 Scytlmu, Tuuni, 
 in. pi. 
 
 Sl'dcH, is,/ 
 
 vOluptas, tut is./. 
 
 a nil die, 
 a lid in, 
 liran'ng, 
 rnnithKj, 
 caridry. 
 an army. 
 
 fruit. 
 
 a niatjintrate. 
 a hand, 
 in/a id ry. 
 (I harhaur, 
 an oak. 
 a Ht-nne, 
 n'( iiiij, 
 a fiiirn. 
 a Inwe. 
 an ear. 
 a Hfarj. 
 
 Ixionijiiiij to the 
 henn its: hcnco 
 tlie raluhinp. 
 an inxtrument. 
 iitaijitilirent. 
 mfe. 
 
 (I iScyfhiiin. 
 the SeylliidiiH, 
 
 a H' id. 
 jiliK.oiro. 
 
 Vocabulary 15. 
 ftelos, ei,/. „ tine of l,ultlf. 
 
 : i 
 
 (llcH, ei, m. iV' / 
 lUcIi'fl, c'i, /. 
 fides, ru /. 
 
 piuUltiOS, VI, J. 
 
 lea, ei, /. 
 
 a roiinfi minr,', 
 faith, Jidi lily. 
 a j)lnin. 
 a thiiiij. 
 
 slothfulne«$, in' 
 
 dolence. 
 hope. 
 a creator. 
 a inix'regs. 
 a/ortuit». 
 rare, 
 clear. 
 a victory. 
 
 Vocabulary 16. 
 
 arlmr, oris,/. 
 Iji'stla, ao,/. 
 eiVnis, is. c. 
 roiisclciitla, ae, /. 
 (ItlljUis, o, 
 (livitlao, firuiu, /. 
 
 (only pi.) 
 fliiiucui, luis, n. 
 fortiK, o, 
 fulmoii, luis, n. 
 
 a tree. 
 a beast. 
 
 a dnij. 
 
 conscience. 
 
 feeble. 
 
 riches. 
 
 a current, river, 
 stroiKj, brave, 
 liijhtning, a 
 thunderbolt. 
 
 funus, i5ris, n. a funeral. 
 
 iiuinortaliH, e, immortal. 
 
 jilvCuis, is, c. a youiuj man or 
 
 ivohian, 
 
 nionflmontum, i, n. a monument. 
 
 iiiortalis, 0, mortal. 
 
 Neptuuus, i, m. Neptune, 
 
 paucus, a, uni, few. 
 
 plonus, a, uiu, full, 
 (with (jen.) 
 
 silva, ao',/. a wood. 
 
 Vocabulary 17. 
 
 culjia, ao,/. 
 CrriiecuH, a, um, 
 lioiior, oris, //;. 
 imloctus, a, uin, 
 IiiIiiiioiiH, a, um, 
 liiiis, Jaudis, /. 
 m^morabllis, 0, 
 
 verus, ft, nm, 
 virtus, litis, /. 
 
 blame, f<rult. 
 
 (irecian, (irech. 
 
 an honour, 
 
 unlearned, 
 
 unfriendly. 
 
 jiraine. 
 
 to be remem- 
 bered, mentor- 
 (dtle. 
 
 trite. 
 
 rulour, virtue. 
 
 Vocabulary 18. 
 
 adfdatTo, unis, /. jlallrry. 
 ftuiabllis. 0, " I'liily, 
 
 timor, oris. n. 
 
 hve. 
 
/^. 
 
 VOCABULARIES. 
 
 fulne«$, in- 
 >h'ncc. 
 
 ■ator. 
 
 'tune. 
 
 •tory. 
 
 6. 
 
 ee, 
 nst. 
 
 ".I- 
 rieiice. 
 
 'e. 
 
 rrenf, river, 
 
 i(f, brave. 
 
 niug, a 
 
 tuiderholt. 
 
 neral. 
 
 ortal. 
 
 tuuj man ox 
 
 >lil(Ul. 
 
 muinent. 
 
 al 
 
 une. 
 
 od. 
 
 r. 
 
 e, fault. 
 
 inn, (irci'Ji. 
 
 ouour. 
 
 irncd, 
 
 ii'Hdlij. 
 
 w. 
 
 he nmnn- 
 
 •"ed, mcDior- 
 
 le. 
 
 rr, virttie. 
 
 '■if- 
 
 aspor, Cm, Criuu, 
 Cato, oiUH, in. 
 
 fcrrum, i, n. 
 JlulvCtla, ac, /. 
 
 hibcrnua, n, tun, 
 Imago, InJB,/. 
 
 romjh, tmjijid. 
 
 Cato, a uithh 
 Itoma n. 
 
 iron. 
 
 till' eouuin/ of 
 the Hi 'in t'ii 
 (in iSicitzcr- 
 l(i)id). 
 
 u'iiitrij,of nnntcv. 
 
 a likeness, por- 
 trait, imaije. 
 
 dishomst, wirh- 
 
 a jdurneij. [I'd. 
 
 a linn: 
 
 the moon. 
 
 liilht. 
 
 inij, 7nine, 
 
 a VKiuntaiH. 
 
 nothing. 
 
 nut. 
 
 hatred. 
 
 imprubiiB, a, uin, 
 
 Iter, IHni'riH, n. 
 
 ICpus, oris, m. 
 
 luna, ox\f. 
 
 lux, lucia, /. 
 
 *inCus, a, uiu, 
 
 nions, luontiH, m. 
 
 nihil, indec. ii. 
 
 nou, adv. 
 
 Oilnm, ii, n. 
 
 i>ornIcIu.sM8, a, nn», drstructive. 
 
 quain, adv. & cunj. than, an. 
 
 radix, Icis, /. a root. 
 
 eftplcntla, at',/. insdom, 
 
 Beinpor, adv. always, ever. 
 
 ulimllatlo, unis,/. a pretence. 
 
 eoiiltus, us, m. a sound. 
 
 Bporatus, a, uni, hoped for. 
 
 Buavia, e, 
 
 bQus, a, ura, 
 
 sweet, deliijhifld. 
 
 his, hers, its, 
 their own. 
 tCnais, e, slender. 
 
 traiiquillus, a, uiu, cidm. 
 taus, a, urti, thji, thine. 
 
 ver, verid, n. the njirinrj. 
 
 vultur, Qrifl, m. a vulture. 
 
 • The Vocative Slug. Miusc. of meus is 
 mi. 
 
 Vocabulary 19. 
 
 Alexander, dri, m. Alexander, a fa- 
 mous hinij if 
 
 fAugUBtus, i, m. 
 
 contflrla, ao, /. 
 cCrasus, i,/. 
 cCr&Hum, i, n. 
 
 f Tbo monlh of August, previously 
 called Sextilis, was named after the » lu- 
 ptror AuguBtiu. 
 
 Alacedonia. 
 Augustus, the 
 
 Jirei emperor 
 
 of Home. 
 a century. 
 a cherry-tree, 
 a cherry. 
 
 CulKlfH, rtiH, /, 
 
 coiitful, ftli.--, m. 
 iuju.stiiH, !i, uin, 
 
 MiVcC'dt), uiiia, m. 
 m;iiUd, i,/. 
 inaluiu, i, n. 
 luilnljialuH, i, m. 
 iiH'ii.si.-j, iy, m. 
 mitiw, e, 
 
 f)S, OSttiH, 71. 
 
 p.iiB. partis,/, 
 plrus, If. 
 piruin, i, n. 
 prunii.s i,/. 
 prunuia, i, n. 
 tSpIt ns, nti.s, adj. 
 
 and sulis, 
 Xerxc.s, Id, m. 
 
 120 
 
 a cohort. 
 
 a rioi^ul. 
 
 unjust. 
 
 n liijion. 
 
 a Macedonian. 
 
 an apple-tree. 
 
 an apple. 
 
 a maul pie, 
 
 a month. 
 
 mild. 
 
 a hone. 
 
 a part. 
 
 a pear-tree. 
 
 a peiir. 
 
 a jihnn-tree. 
 
 a plum. 
 
 u-ise, a leisC' 
 man. 
 
 Xerxes, a fa- 
 mous king of 
 
 'ersia. 
 
 Vocabulary 20, 
 
 attcntua, a, im», 
 bcfifiis, a, UIU, 
 cunis, fi, uni, 
 contcntu.s, a, um, 
 dillgen.s, utis, 
 dlvt'8, Itis, 
 i^iiavla, ao,/. 
 .ju«, jilri.s, n. 
 laetus, a, um, 
 libor. Cm, Crum, 
 mc'^mor, oiIh, 
 uosti'r, tra, trum, 
 imric, adv. 
 pauper, Cris, 
 pra('ce})tor, oris, m. 
 piohua, a, um, 
 fcalus, iiti-s,/. 
 Bors, rtis, /. 
 Titus, i (T.), m. 
 
 tristis, 0, 
 ve.ster, tra, trum, 
 Bi, ro7y. 
 
 nfteutire. 
 
 hippy. 
 
 diiir. 
 
 cnitlented. 
 
 diligent, careful. 
 
 rich. 
 
 cowardice. 
 
 right, law. 
 
 joyful. 
 
 free, 
 
 mindful, 
 our, ours, 
 now. 
 poor, 
 a teacher, 
 genid, upright, 
 safety, 
 a lot. 
 
 Titus, a CAinmon 
 lioman fore- 
 sad. [)iame. 
 your, yours. 
 
 if- 
 
 Vocabulary to Ex. 21, 22, 23. 
 
 ttnlmuB, i, m. mind, the soul, 
 
 courage, tern' 
 
 per, the feel- 
 ing8. 
 
 It 
 I 1 
 
 li 
 
 Ii 
 
130 
 
 VOCABT^LARTER. 
 
 ill 
 
 \m 
 
 H 
 
 I 
 
 i'. ii 
 
 1 
 
 t 
 
 f 
 
 
 Pr 
 
 
 ■wn 
 
 
 ; ♦ 
 
 ^ 
 
 i 1 
 
 K 
 
 » 
 
 .-J 
 
 
 auptrirltas, atin, /. 
 •iiutfin, coitj. 
 auxllluin, ii. /(. 
 cOpMltas, iitin, /. 
 
 III. 
 
 induHtilns. u, urn, 
 
 Inors, rtiH, 
 
 lihCri, oniiH, lu. pi. 
 
 int'JllulIil, lie, /. 
 
 J)lillltil, lU'. /. 
 
 profllnui, ii, //. 
 
 * Tlio piDjur iKisitii 
 the flrnt word uf tlic 
 Ix'loiign. 
 
 Vocabulary 24. 
 
 addictus, a. tun. devoted. 
 atstcnms, ii. uiu, ettriud. 
 l)C'llilii, lie, /. a ijimi hvaat. 
 
 Cimbri, oniiii, ///. thr Cimhrinnn, 
 a fortiii'ddhle, 
 
 nniliorily. 
 
 but. 
 
 Iiilji, aiil. 
 
 til ■in , piinfinn. 
 
 l)t iito^llicniK, the 
 fumon^ Athe- 
 itidu timti<r. 
 
 i lid lift ritmfi, 
 l)ii.<i/. 
 
 hiljili >^^,!<l}((j<ji»h. 
 . cfiildn 11. 
 
 uicinorif. 
 
 a pan nt. 
 
 a spnnif, plant. 
 
 a huttlr. 
 
 !)ii ol' aiiUn is alter 
 fhmso to which it 
 
 do, (liiili, datum, 
 
 darc<, 
 cinc'iidd, avi, utum, 
 c'luiKi"", iivi, utuiii, 
 t'XI)ii^ni(),fivi,ritiiiii, 
 iiiiuo, iivi, atiiiii, 
 ilo, uvi, utum, 
 liftlilto, avi, iitujii, 
 iiitm, avi, atuni, 
 jfidlco, iivi, uttun, 
 iaiido, avi, atum, 
 miito, iivi, atum, 
 oj)j)U,t,'nn.avi,atuiu, 
 onu', avi, atuui, 
 l»!lro, avi, iitum, 
 
 pu^'uo, avi, atum, 
 rCcri^o, avi, atum, 
 vantd, iivi, iitum, 
 vIji;!lo, iivi, tituui, 
 
 vltilpCro.avi, atum, 
 
 or)r, cordia, n. 
 elCgauri, utiis, 
 
 f Idol is, 0, \ 
 fiduH, a, um.^ 
 fouH, ntiy. ut. 
 *LivIus, ii, m. 
 
 luseluta, HO, /. 
 luilllor. I'ris. f. 
 
 (\Ui(' tiilx: 
 a hi itrl. 
 di'(j(Uit, exqui- 
 site. 
 
 fdith/nl 
 
 <i foil ittd ill. 
 
 Jiii'ij, a h'oiiiaii 
 hi tutorial). 
 
 a iiiijlitiiiijidi'. 
 
 a irmiKiii, iri/e. 
 *SullustIuH, ii,?u. S(dhisf, a Ilo- 
 mauhixtnridn. 
 ealvus, a, um, safe. 
 
 sanguis. In in, m. blood. 
 Hcriptor, oris, m. a writer, author. 
 
 * I'loper Niuni'H ondiiif? in ins nml{o i in 
 tlio. Vocative: e.g. \'in\ lAi'i, Salliisti. So 
 also J'diiis makes Voc./Ui, uiul y<}itlus, a 
 guardian ili ity, iji'vx. 
 
 Vocabulary 25. 
 
 (A, B, C.) 
 
 acdifico, avi, atum, 1. I build. 
 andiQln, iivi, atum, T imlh. 
 castigo, avi, iitum, 1 choMise. 
 orCo, avi, atum, I create, make. 
 Quru, iivi, utum, I talu care, jiaiim. 
 
 I give, 
 
 I iiiiprove. 
 
 I di port from. 
 
 I tdlic by nt(irm 
 
 I ftreiKjthen. 
 
 I blow. 
 
 I dwell. 
 
 I enter. 
 
 1 judije. 
 
 J praise. 
 
 I chi iKje. 
 
 I attach, aHsault 
 
 I adorn. 
 
 I prt'pare, ijet, 
 
 (fain. 
 Ijiijht. 
 I n fresh. 
 I lay waste. 
 I wdirh, I am 
 
 awalie, 
 I blame, find 
 
 fault with. 
 
 ac<lIfI<'Tum, ii, ii. 
 Corintliud, i, /. 
 dillf^cntor, adv. 
 dum, conj. 
 t'raus, fraudis, /. 
 jam, adr. 
 iihirtas, tiitis, /. 
 litOra, ae, /. 
 
 litCrae, arum, /. 
 
 mos, muris, ni. 
 in'mo, luis, c. 
 opaleutus, a, Tim, 
 plaoldus, a, um, 
 pro})Itas, litis, /. 
 quum, adv. <& conj 
 HOTunus, i, m. 
 timor, oris, in. 
 valotfido, Inid, /. 
 vimtUH, i, m. 
 
 a building. 
 
 Corinth. 
 
 carefully. 
 
 v'hile. 
 
 dishonesty. 
 
 now, already. 
 
 freedom, liberty. 
 
 a letter of the 
 alphabet. 
 
 letters, learn- 
 ing ; also, an 
 epistle, letter. 
 
 a manner, cu8- 
 
 noliody. [torn. 
 
 wealthy. 
 
 ([uiet. 
 
 honesty, integ- 
 
 ivhen. [rity. 
 
 sleep. 
 
 fear. 
 
 health. 
 
 wind. 
 
 (D. E, F.) 
 
 advento, avi, atum, 1. I am on th« 
 point of ar- 
 riving. 
 
 canto, (ivi, atum, Z ring. 
 
 > '■■€■■'■■ ■■ 
 
 ^5'^....-.,.f!-.. 
 
VOCABULARIES. 
 
 131 
 
 dclccto, avi, atuni, 
 (liiulfii, ;ivi, utmii, 
 (lilbltii, iivi, utuiii, 
 orro, avi, atum, 
 
 oxhllaro,avi,atuiii, 
 impCro, avi, atum, 
 
 (with dat.) 
 libSro, avi, atum, 
 occflpo, avi, atum, 
 opto, avi, atum, 
 porto, avi, atum, 
 rCdaxno, avi, atum, 
 rfiaovo, avi, atum, 
 
 Bervo, avi, atum, 
 sClpCro, avi, atum, 
 tracto, avi, atum, 
 
 Tdrll'lht, miniKi'. 
 l'dnli\,t. 
 
 I irr, nuike a 
 
 mi lit alee. 
 T chi'i r. 
 I euDunand. 
 
 I free, deliner. 
 I ticize upon. 
 I icitJi, desire. 
 I earn/. 
 
 I love in return. 
 I make mio 
 
 aijaiii, rextnre. 
 1 prenerre, xare. 
 I orcreoine. 
 I handle, deal 
 with. 
 
 the 
 
 ]\Ah(fn, fii. Ttum, 2. 
 iiu'ivii, ui, Itiim, '2. 
 muiHMi, I'li. Ituiii, 2. 
 nocoo, fii. Hum, 2. 
 
 (with dat.) 
 pan't), ui, itum, 2. 
 
 (with dat.) 
 phlci"!!), ai, itum, 2, 
 
 (with dat.) 
 prat'l)i?i>,ui,ituui,2 
 
 torrCo, Qi, Itum, 2 
 
 valiSo, ill, Ituiii, 2. 
 
 / liai'i'. 
 I ill firrre. 
 I iidrlsi', warn. 
 1 hurt, harm. 
 
 J uliey. 
 
 I pli<i>ie. 
 
 . I J'urnitth, af- 
 ford, exhiln't. 
 . J t( rrify, friijltt- 
 en, alarm. 
 I a.a Mmnij, in 
 (food health. 
 
 ftb (a, abs), prep, from, hy. 
 (with all.) 
 
 dablus, a, um, donUful. 
 
 fortttor, adv. bravely. 
 
 fortissimo, adv. very Imively 
 
 Ilaunlbal, alls, vi. Uannitnil, 
 
 (jreid Cariha- ' 
 ijinian(jeniral. 
 
 h6r!, adv. yexterday. 
 
 intCrlturi, iis, m. detitruetion. 
 
 Ita, adv. (from is, in that loay, 
 id) thus. 
 
 majoros, um, Di.pl. ancestors. 
 
 rectus, a, um, straijht, riijht. 
 
 saepC, adv. often. 
 
 Btatio, onis, /. a post, station, 
 
 terror, oris, m. terror, alarm. 
 
 Vocabulary 26. 
 oSercCo, tli, Itum, 2. / restrain, curb. 
 dol)eo, ai, Itum, 2. / owe. omjht. 
 deliio, evi, otum, 2. 1 di stray. 
 displIcCo, ai, Itum, / displease. 
 
 2. (with dat.) 
 dtVsSo, docOi, doc- I teach. 
 
 turn, 2. 
 exorcCo, ai, Itum, 2. / exercise. 
 tloo, flcvi, detum, 2. 1 weep. 
 Uoreo, ai, 2. Ihloom,Jlourii^h. 
 
 *gaud6o, v;aviHU8 I rejoice. 
 
 Bum, 2. 
 
 • Thf Vorb ifUideo b<'lt'ng» to the cliwis 
 U Ni'Ulci-iuvswivis. (8t« l>, 85.) 
 
 ars, artiH, /. 
 Tivis, is, /. 
 Athr'iiIciiHis, e, 
 hCiiC, adr. 
 Caesar, aris, m. 
 
 oantus, us, m. 
 did, adv. 
 diviuus, a, um, 
 
 Ijatiuus, a, um, 
 lingua, at',/. 
 
 praeeeptum, i, n. 
 
 PompeiuB, eii, m. 
 
 <1"1^,' ] conjs. 
 
 Bacpirtslme, adv. 
 sCiurtus, utis, /. 
 Solou, ouis, m, 
 
 tilmCrltas, fitis, /. 
 
 art, iinndieraft. 
 a liird. 
 Athenian, 
 well. 
 
 Caesar, a fa- 
 mous Roman. 
 
 Cl SOIIIJ. 
 
 a lonij time. 
 
 heloiiijinij to thr 
 (joils, divine. 
 
 Latin. 
 
 tonijite, Ian' 
 (juage. 
 
 pretrrpt, instruc- 
 tion, lesson. 
 
 Vumpey, the ri' 
 val of Caesar 
 
 because, 
 
 very often. 
 
 old aije. 
 
 Solon, the Athc- 
 nian law- 
 giver. 
 
 recklessness, 
 rashness. 
 
 Vocabulary 27. 
 
 absumo, surapsi, I consume, cut 
 
 Humptum, H. ofi'. 
 
 ciugo einxi, cine- 1 surround, 
 
 turn, 3. 
 coutomno, teiupBi, I dispise. 
 
 temptum, H. 
 contraho. traxi, I draw togetliet . 
 
 tractum, H. 
 
 ■ 
 
 ft' run III M ,0 » fl 
 
 • « ir ik il m # 
 
 m 
 
132 
 
 VOCABULARIES. 
 
 
 1 If ' ' 
 
 m 
 
 '||! 
 
 liiii 
 
 -.1 
 
 I I 
 
 oonvulo, avi, fituin, 1 jUj or rmh 
 1. toyeffwr. 
 
 oorrlgo, roxi, mc- 1 correct, 
 turn, 3. 
 
 defciido, (li,8;im, 3. 7 drfend. 
 
 dr'sCro, rui, rtiim,;! I nix union. 
 
 di'tCgo, xi, ctui" '!. / (linronr. 
 
 dico, xi, ctuai, :; / xai/, xpeak. 
 
 disco, (lldici, — , 3. I hum. 
 
 duco, xi, ctum, ;?. / had. 
 
 Cmo, CD; ;, cUiiiliu.i, I huy. 
 
 expulo, -jol^A. cul- J cuUirate oare- 
 
 tuni, 3. Jiilly- 
 
 inhtltuo, Qi, iihini, J appoint, in- 
 
 3. _ ft it life. 
 
 iiistrilo, xi, otmn, I arraiKje, draw 
 
 3. jip in order. 
 
 jungo, juiixi, j line- 1 join. 
 
 turn, 3. 
 l6go, lcgi,li!('ttuii,3. / gather, read. 
 narro, avi, utiiiii, I. / relate. 
 pingo, piuxi, pic-J paint, em- 
 
 turn, 3. braider. 
 
 rCgo, rcxi, ructuiu, / rule. 
 
 3. 
 Bcribo, psi, i)tuui, 3. 1 write. 
 eolvo, vi, utuiu, 3. / hxmn, pay. 
 apecto, avi, iiinin, I look at,hH)k on. 
 
 1. 
 tCgo, texi, tectiiui, I cover. 
 
 3. 
 trrtlio, traxi, trac- / drato, drag. 
 
 tiini, 3. 
 
 *triinnpho, iivi, 
 atuiQ, 1. 
 
 / triumph. 
 
 vOlo, avi, iituiii, 1, 
 Ctlmillus, i, m. 
 
 C&tllina, ao, vi. 
 
 I fly. ■ 
 
 Cainillus, a Ro- 
 man general. 
 Catiline, a con- 
 spirator. 
 conjuratio, oiuh,/. a conspiracy. 
 copla, ao, /. plenty. 
 
 ciiplac, &rum,/. pi. forces. 
 
 a chariot, 
 almost, com- 
 monly. 
 Holleripontus, i, m. the Hellespont 
 (nmc the Dor- 
 {lanelk's). 
 
 • A trluniph {triumphui) was o gratul 
 proces.^ion of a Human yeneral through the 
 streeli of lioint. 
 
 ffire, udp. 
 
 impCrator, oria, m. a military com- 
 mander, a 
 general. 
 
 In, prep, (with ace.) into. 
 
 inpondlum, ii, n. a fire, oonfla- 
 gndion. 
 
 imiQniCiruH, a, um, innumerable. 
 
 looiiH, I, m., pi. -i, a place. 
 «(., and -a, n. 
 
 the mind, 
 the world, 
 a siege, blockade, 
 oration, speech, 
 a cloidi. 
 a bridge. 
 
 mens, mt'nti.s, /. 
 nimiiluH, i, 7/t. 
 ohsldio, on in, /, 
 orfitin. On is, /. 
 palllnm, ii, ». 
 I *pniiH, ntiw, m. 
 BiniQl ac (aUine), as soon aa. 
 <ir in nno wonl, 
 Btniidae, conj. 
 vix, adv. scarcely. 
 
 * OljMivo the i)lini8e jungire Jlumen 
 ponte, to throw a bridge over a river. 
 
 Vocabulary 28. 
 
 cnstuillo, ivi, ituui, / guard, keep 
 
 4. guard. 
 
 d()niiIo,ivi, ituui,4. / sleep. 
 erOdlo, ivi, ituui,!. / train up, edu- 
 cate. 
 finio, ivi, itum, 4./ limit, put aii 
 
 end to. 
 mnlllo,ivi, itnni,4. Isoften,n8suagc. 
 niinili), ivi, itinii, 4. 1 fortify. 
 ni'HC'Id, ivi & Ii, I am ignorant 
 
 ituni, 4. of. 
 
 nutrlo, ivi, itum, 4. / nourish, nur- 
 ture. 
 obedio, ivi, itum, 4. 1 obey. 
 
 (with dat.) 
 pilnlo, ivi, itum, i.I ^mnish, 
 rCpCrIn, pCri, iKt-Ifind. 
 
 turn, 4. 
 Bclo, ivi, itum, 4. I know. 
 BCjiSlIo, ivi and } r i 
 
 li, pultum,4. H^'""^- 
 vCnIo, vC'ui, von- /come. 
 
 turn, 4. 
 vostio, ivi, itum, 4. / clotlie. 
 viucio, viuxi, vine- 1 bind. 
 
 tum, 4. 
 
 s 
 
 Ali>eH, lum, TO. pi. the Ahm^ 
 
VOCABULARIES. 
 
 13^ 
 
 Cnrnclla, ao, /. 
 
 cruiloliH, o, 
 dillK't^ntissTine, 
 
 ailr. 
 jlulor, urin, »». 
 Ctlivin, conj. 
 fiuis, is, m. 
 
 f^iiavItCr, adv. 
 Libya, ao, /. 
 lictor, Oris), »t. 
 
 longlnqnufl, a. nui, 
 l()ii<?in(iuttaH,atiH./. 
 muinbraiia, ac, /. 
 
 moUia, o, 
 niortQna, a, tun, 
 oliin, adv. 
 
 qiu'K]ii8, conj. 
 tfiiiaia, o, 
 turpid, 0, 
 
 vostlmentuni, i, n. 
 viiicahnii, i, n. 
 vox, vuciH, /. 
 
 Cornel in, a Ho- 
 
 man matron, 
 crtiel. 
 mo>it carcfnUij. 
 
 jKihi, (jricf. 
 
 aho, vv'U. 
 
 end, limit, in pi. 
 
 tcrritiH'ii'H. 
 actirdi/, i-iijor- 
 Afrira. {ondy. 
 a lictiir (attind- 
 ant on a uia- 
 (ji at rati'). 
 hiHij, dixtant. 
 hnijth, dintance. 
 thin xkin, mein- 
 
 })ran<'. 
 soft, nidloio. 
 dead, 
 fornuirhj, once 
 
 upon a time. 
 «?,'fo, crtii. 
 thin, diiicafe. 
 I,a»e, diKjrace- 
 
 fnl. 
 rlothiiKj. 
 a chain, Jiond. 
 a voice. 
 
 Vocabulary 29. 
 
 e(laco,avi,ritiuii, 1. [ednratt'. 
 cdiioo, xi, f't.uiii, ;{. / had out. 
 frtgo, avi,rituin, 1. I ind tojUijht. 
 vulnCro, ttvi,atnui,I loound. 
 
 1. 
 
 AiitI5chufl, i, TO. 
 
 egri5p!u8, a, um, 
 gravItSr, adv. 
 
 Lycurgus, i, m. 
 
 Troja, fto,/, 
 V.cata, at", /. 
 
 Antioehm, a 
 7Hiinc of se- 
 veral kiniiK of 
 Syria, [mnt. 
 
 excellent, eiiii- 
 
 heavihj, severely, 
 [jrirvouHly. 
 
 Ziynnjus, the 
 Sjxirtan Uyis- 
 lator. 
 
 Troy, the city. 
 
 Vesta, the ijod- 
 dessofjireand 
 the hearth. 
 
 Vocabulary 30. 
 
 mftnCo, mansi, J remain. 
 
 iiiausuu), 2. 
 
 iiiuVL'o, inuvi, / move, distnrli. 
 
 inntiiin, 2. 
 
 tluico, ai, — , 2. I fear. 
 
 advonturt, uh, m. arrival. 
 
 NiSro, ouia, m. Nero, a lioman 
 emperor. 
 
 I stroll aufl, a, uin, riijorons. 
 
 \ »in']\\'n'\ adv. riijoron^ihj. 
 
 stQdluni, ii, u. zci/, vursnit, 
 I study. 
 
 ' .sQbltuH, a, um, sudilen. 
 
 Vocabulary 31. 
 
 aniigo, xi, ctum, ;i. / m^i down. 
 
 jivo.'itrate. 
 Colo, culili, cnltuui, / ndtirate, ch< - 
 
 3. ritfh, ctv!. 
 
 diltu;(),loxi,ioctuiii, / e.4eeni, love. 
 
 lingo, fulxi, ru'tiun,/ frame, feiiju. 
 
 H. invent. 
 
 stadCo, ai, — , 2. / am. eager, 
 
 2. 'dons. 
 vCho, vexi, vtcliim, / carry, in Paan. 
 
 3. / ride. 
 
 vinco, vici, viotuni, / 'iimiuer. 
 
 vivo, vixi, victuni, /h"i'e. 
 ;{. 
 
 clades, in, /. disaster, defeat. 
 
 (ululia, ao,/. a fable, story. 
 
 noMlis, o, distinguished. 
 
 porvtrsuti, a, um, vitful, perverse. 
 
 riiiiCthon, ontia, Vluuthon, a son 
 
 yi. of Apollo. 
 
 probe, adv. rightly, properly 
 
 qiildum, adv. indeed. 
 
 ratio, onis, /. reason. 
 
 Scipio, oiiis, 7ft- Seipio, a nol>h 
 
 lioman. 
 
 vChCmcntCr, adv. vehemently, 
 ivarmly. 
 
 Vocabulary 32. 
 
 cAilo, cPotdi, I fall. 
 
 cuHum, 3. 
 
134 
 
 VOCABDLAHIES. 
 
 
 i! i1 
 
 
 I 
 
 ss.™;-.,. ;-*.,„.„,--.■ 1. /J.™,™ 
 
 Viliiir i,J tJic'. ' 
 
 St'iiiiiiH. 
 
 COKnItr.,, n„is. / in,nn,, hnow^ .lOmum, adr. ind.e,l* 
 
 }powcr.'f 
 
 oroco.,,,., i, ,„. o;,;;;:;i, „ ,„. '•;i:;:;;;;i;j|;;-'-: i, ,„,•„, .,. 
 
 . . i>'< liniimn. , (luiii, I f'cin one. 
 
 juste, a^?/'. /„,//,^ -^ I t""^"'^''- //«/*. 
 
 IM-iiis, Id,/. ^Av,, ,,{ ,,„ ^„j. Ki~tr,tr; /V,7j/,tt, tho jiDwor which ariBe^ 
 
 Mini). ""•■ "' l»T*"i"l weight una induiiicu. 
 
 prriiH, ru7r. w>o«, ,•. I„.fnre. 
 
 1 uiiI.'iiH, a, Mill, Vunio, Cartha- 
 
 SocrfltoM, in, tn. 
 Hnlum, (ulr. 
 
 Vocabulary 35. 
 
 Sacra frH, (h,t sage *ftf'"'Tl>ro, oopi, ccj)- / receive. 
 ofAtlttm. \ t'liii. ;{. 
 
 ^"'.'/. ■ *C()ut'ltC..r, fosHus, 7con>M. 
 
 Huunmi.s, „, i„„, A/,,/,,,,^ „^„^„^.,_ ^2. J ' 
 
 ^■"•^ "'"« 7i'(/m(fH *tj ''•!", ji'ci, joe- 1 cast furth 
 
 foir-nauw. *'"" '^ 
 
 Vocabulary 33. 
 absnrdus, n, iiiii, (/;,>7//7?. 
 
 «'l8UH. a. mil, A,/'/'/, /»(//. 
 
 f mil, 3. 
 iatt5. >r, fasan8,-2. I canfegs. 
 Iniltnr, ntiiH, 1. I imitate. 
 mtuOr, ltu«, 2. i Wc «;,r,„, 
 
 into. 
 mrsf rt^or, Una or /;5,7y, have mty 
 
 niar-^'iirKa, ac. / r/'y-;,,//. - ,, '- 
 
 nCced«arIiia, a, uui, urr, .mi;,, untj. I'"'"''f''''. It'>a, 2. I jmrniise. 
 
 ivconl,,,., atiKs, 1. J call to mind 
 
 ni(Iu.«, i, jrt. 
 VtTHUB, us, m 
 
 fill. 
 a iiixt. 
 <t line, a verse. 
 
 Vocabulary 34. 
 
 tuC.r, itius, 2. I gaze, guard, 
 
 ^ , protect. 
 
 vCrCor, Itas, 2. 7/mr, r«^em,e«. 
 , . . .„.*.'"'■;'''''■'■ '''»^' fh.inRc of a to I when « 
 
 admiror, Ht.i.M, 1. / u-onder at I K^/ ' {'J'""'-'.' i'''' ''' '';'''''"«'^'""- "«• 
 adnun, ' f/an'.M.tc."' "^ "''''" ' confuoor = c«n + 
 
 "'^pornor, atiia, 1. J rri,rt, desmne. \ 
 
 •■""'•r, atiiH. I. Jattrmpt. i A^Ia ao / J.„- 
 
 ,,;,,/,) - , "y Persia. 
 
 hortor, ut„H, 1. 7 q;;; ,,,,,,^ ^^;,5 f «P- (-'th out of. 
 
 mCcUtor, atuH, 1. / ^S^ on ' ^''"""' '"'' "* ''"'? 7 ^^'''^^ 
 
 at,„l„ ' T)i- , .. (teed, crime. 
 
 ipiror, atuB, 1. / !Zd,r at I ' "' "*• ^'^'"^' ^^''^ ""'«" 
 
 arfmirt'. ' 'iA (Jfo i?omou 
 
 • authors^ 
 
 ft' 
 
VOCABULAIUKH. 
 
 13: 
 
 frrrcncr, wor. 
 h I p. 
 
 eed* 
 ncer.f 
 
 certain, cer- 
 titiH one. 
 
 t. 
 
 indeed; tkem 
 
 ower of a iiii*- 
 r which ariueft 
 iduiiice. 
 
 5. 
 
 eive. 
 
 'cive, 
 tfurth. 
 
 tdte. 
 
 I, have inty 
 
 ntse. 
 to mind. 
 '■e, guard, 
 'eet. 
 reverence. 
 
 to I when n 
 lositioii: iiH, 
 or = cen + 
 
 ', a king 
 ertia. 
 
 T daring 
 crime, 
 the name 
 Homati 
 
 prnttCrTtUH, ft, um, pad 
 
 rt^iis, I, III. 
 
 ail acnm 
 
 il man. 
 
 difiudant. 
 
 Vocabulary 36. 
 
 [ll)utor, U8U8, ;>. / ahuM. 
 rulli'.rtor, aturt, 1. / "'I/'N 'f '''"•'■ 
 
 aillpi.soor.adepturt, T ac'iitin, nl- jju-, iucuh, 7t. 
 
 H. taiiito,olilain. \tlp„H, u.s hi. 
 
 ulluiiuor, iCcutus, / xptak to. i inttTtlii, ui;, /. 
 
 3. , MOnflpu. orui 
 
 KuripMca, is, m. rvn'i'idrn, an 
 Athniinii lid 
 'jii' jixt. 
 
 iminortrilltrtH, utin, iiiiiudrtalitij. 
 
 ^- . , ,• t 
 
 Lril'tC'imn, 1, T». Lahunnx, one oj 
 
 L'atMir't lieu- 
 
 tmaiUs. 
 
 liu", liictir', n. milli. 
 
 a lalic. 
 
 J"'l- 
 
 MOnflpii. oiuui, T«. Niuiiiiii, a Gal- 
 lir fril'i'. 
 
 liiox, ailr. soon, xhnrtly. 
 
 iiuinus. ("lis, n. a (jifU dtdij, 
 fuiu-tion. 
 
 ucvt5, poiij. (with nor, and /< «/. 
 fuhj.) 
 
 nlnilri, c'lv. too, too mucn. 
 
 \)CiT, pr< i>. (with through, 
 arc.) 
 
 pristlune, a, um, former, olden 
 
 !I MH<1 ioqcthir, 
 join {ji<lld) 
 iaiile. 
 (lellagro, avi, iitmii , to hi burnt down. 
 
 1. 
 fruor, fruItuB and I enjoy. 
 
 frnctuH, 3. 
 fungor, flmctiw, 3. 1 discharge. 
 gero,go8ai,gC8tuin, /carry ojKirar), „^^.^ 
 
 3. u-agc (^it-ar). j)(,rnu, ac /. piuiishm^. 
 
 incQeo, avi, utuui, I accuxc, jind , iiQcni, unini, m. the Carthagi- 
 
 I fault irith. nian«. 
 
 jtlhCo, jUBbi, jiiB- 1 order, hid. 
 
 Hum, 2. 
 I6qu(ir, lociitiiH, 3. I Hpeak. 
 mrirlor, nior'uT.isi 
 U'nt.piirt-inCn]-\j^l-^ 
 turiiB, ahiiut tul 
 die), 3. j 
 
 uascor, iiatiis, 3. / am horn. 
 oijUviscnr, lituB, 3. Iforgit. 
 patlor, puHsiLS, 3. / emlure, suffer. 
 nroflciacor, fuctus, / set out. 
 
 3- 
 
 rCmluiscor, 3. 1 remember. 
 
 Bequor, c'utu8, 3. J follow. 
 
 utor, U8U8, 3. i ui^e. 
 
 voBCor, — , 3. I feed, live on. 
 
 rfirn, ailr. 
 KOgQhiB, i, m. 
 
 yalamis, inie,/. 
 taiituin, adv 
 
 m Idoin. 
 
 li( —Inn, a fa- 
 
 7. *i Iloman. 
 Salami K, an in- 
 
 lanil near 
 
 Afh<ns. 
 onhj. 
 
 i,i\,prep.(viiihacc.) to, at. near. 
 allciuando, adc. Homi times. 
 ftpQd, prep, (with at, near. 
 
 ac.c.) 
 bCnigiie, adv. kindly. 
 
 caro, carniB, /. flesh. 
 
 C886U0, i, m. "heese. 
 
 couBttlatus, U8, m. ojjice of comul, 
 conmdate. 
 
 crQcIatuB, us, in. torture. 
 
 lUuiui, ac,/. Liana, 
 
 UlllillUl, mif- uiitj. 
 
 Tiablmcuus, i, »u. Lake Traximeue, 
 in Italy. 
 
 Vocabulary 87. 
 blan(lTnr,ltu8(with / flatter, win 
 
 d<d.), 4. npon. 
 
 expOrlor, rtu8, 4. I try, experience. 
 inctlor. meiiBUB, 4. Iv^asure. 
 uiintior, itiiB, 4. I l<c, tell a lie. 
 I Jiegin. 
 
 I ithare, divide. 
 I ohtaiii pox- 
 (lessioii of. 
 
 ortlior, orsuH, 4. 
 partlor, itus, 4. 
 potior, itus, 4. 
 (with ahl.) 
 
 civilis, 0, ndj. 
 fipauunomlae, 
 
 btlonging to a 
 citizen, civil. 
 
 ^']paminondaK, 
 a famous Tlie- 
 Ihiiu 
 
If : 
 
 13G 
 
 II : 
 
 'in 
 
 m 
 
 f 
 
 
 vuJtua, ii.s, m. 
 
 vncAnrLARiER. 
 
 /nrrhrnd, ftpo. ogi, nctum, X Th'mJ, net, do. 
 
 froufl, fnmtiH,/. (h, 
 
 "•""•1"""'. -^'•- «-vr. [,.ro,o: exmia'coH^iro.';;-};;;,;;;^;/;:;:: 
 
 
 Vocabulary 38. 
 (lao, fliixi, aiixniii, //o/p. 
 
 migro, iivi, Htiiui, / vti'iml,, de- 
 
 1. 
 
 mrt. 
 
 incl|.l<», pq)i, ocp. I hnfin. 
 tniii, ;{. 
 
 innlo, <li<li,,]ittii„, i,/e.«/rov. 
 
 tiiiii, a. (withl I ivmt. 
 dat.) 
 
 mCtUfi, us, m. fair I , 
 
 occI.lens,ntis, m. tU,- wed (the set- .'^ "l''^;. f^'"- ''«'y' nnd. 
 
 afili-st ll'i.-«lral.ul, rilis,,«. Ilaxdrnhd, iL 
 
 Jir^t, in the jir»t Yr"""-, , "-^ 
 
 piuce. uiaventuB, uti.s,/. y„i,lh. 
 
 pcrniiilti, lie, 11, 
 Jiriiiio. (iilr. 
 Itriiiiiiju, adc. 
 
 Vocabulaiy 39. 
 
 mitto, nilsi, mia- / nciid. 
 Buni, ;{. 
 
 cetCri (oiut.), oo- the rest. 
 
 U^A-,iv,.evt(-rn, jd. 
 'Jcniiaiii, i.riini, m. ih< (hnnam. 
 IlcIvCtliia, u, urn, Jfrlntiau. (Soo 
 ,. Voc. 18.) 
 
 Ifgutue), 1, w. anihdmtdor, 
 
 . ^ I if' lit, iKtitt. 
 
 (XjCanuH, 1, m. the (jcmn. 
 
 Vocabulary 40. 
 fiiIg(<o, Isi, Isiiiu, 2. T shine. 
 profC'r(i,tfili.Ii"itiiiu, l crfrnd. (See 
 ferre, ;i. v. irr. j). 80.) 
 
 man iiuiiw. 
 : .'-Ati«, ado. enough, KiqU- 
 
 I . . eivnthj. 
 
 I tigrin, k' or !(]:-,,. a tiger, tignns. 
 
 Vocabulary 42. 
 
 infritigo, firgi, I break, immir. 
 
 inictuni, ;{. 
 ol..scuro,uvi, atiun, / darhcn, nh- 
 
 *• Kcure, 
 
 rCliiKiuo, li,,ui, Iluice.nuit. 
 
 lictuiii, 3. 
 
 AcgyptTis, i, / E,ypt. 
 niipCiIum, ii, /i. t';«yym'. 
 ludi, Orum, m. pi. Indians, thepeu- \ 
 
 iiiarinftr, fins, jj. »<,,/•/-/«. 
 Hcrvltua, utiH,/. /i/aivr^/. 
 tttboruucaiiiin, i, n. a tent. 
 uxor, oris,/. a icife. 
 
 Vocabulary 41. 
 
 ncccdo, cin,si, con- 1 approach. 
 bum. a * 
 
 ftoqnus, ft, urn, h,-el, evenjmt. 
 
 cur, adr. v-hi/ i 
 
 inii)Ctua, us, m. an onset, attack 
 
 inyldla, ao,/ f,,,.,/, j7/-jc///, 
 
 Bplfudor, oris, m. brightness, bril- 
 
 linncy. 
 
 tj^raiiuus, i, m. a d,spot, tyrant. 
 
 Vocabulary 43. 
 coniltor, iitti.s. 1. I acrompnm/ 
 immolo, uvi, atum, / sacrifice. ' 
 
 induIgCo, i\\.\\%\, lindulije. 
 
 dnltiim, 2. (with 
 
 dnt) 
 ludo, iQ.Hi, iQHun,, 3. / pJay. 
 mCtao, ai, utuin, 3. 7 /ear. 
 
VOOAnULARlEH. 
 
 m 
 
 K nrt, (fn. 
 iirt/ruin. 
 
 in. 
 
 'roy. 
 
 ft. 
 
 'nil/, 
 
 , <hirin(ihj. 
 iihiil, ' (hv 
 liir of 
 
 \nihal. 
 
 , icide. 
 
 X, a Ho 
 naiiu\ 
 
 , KUO'l- 
 
 tiljrtxH. 
 
 , impnir. 
 hen, oh- 
 quit. 
 
 ';n,jnnt. 
 
 ', attack, 
 
 •will. 
 
 S8, bril- 
 
 I. 
 
 , tyrant. 
 
 nntiy. 
 3e. 
 
 Tiro, ttvl, atum, 1. 1 1 ittnat, pray. 
 Bfilto, I'lvi, utuiu, 1. / (hince. 
 
 B45llCt),HClli, HCHBIUU, i /'. 
 
 2. 
 
 vlilCor, vlttUB, 2. 
 
 I sa'in, ai>piiir. 
 
 Ai><>1l<i, a lliiiiKin 
 (liriiiily. 
 hoHttft, ftt', /. « lirtiiit. 
 
 uObllia, e, tUxliii<jHinhi'd, 
 
 Udhte, 
 
 Tythaguras, no, m. Vythnijtmu, a 
 /(iiiioiiH (imlt 
 philofiopltt'r. 
 
 Vocabulary 44. 
 6i5ro,scvi,batiim, 3. 1 plant, sow. 
 
 iiCi|iir'i>, tiuivi ami I atn unable, 
 li.Itimi, iu'(Huro, eaniiot. 
 (liko CO,) 4. 
 
 acrmuna, ao, /. trvuhh, ajjUc- 
 
 tion. 
 frugOH, uiu,/. pi. fntih, n crop. 
 luops, u\ns, di'^titute. 
 
 oiuis, CriH, H. a load, burden. 
 
 patlrnWr, adr. patiiatly. 
 paupurtas, utin, /. poiu rty. 
 pruilontlu, au, /. knuicledije, pru- 
 dence. 
 Phrase:— 
 Auxlllum fcrro, to reruler astistance. 
 
 Vocabulary 45. 
 
 occido, cidi, cLsum, 3. / kill, day. 
 «tatU(), ui, utinri. 3. Ifu, dctennine. 
 
 inrt'-tus. utii, 
 
 lin\ltl.-l, a, UIU, 
 
 hticIuH, ii, in. 
 
 ntrox, ucis, 
 
 fficlle, adv. 
 ftlmt'ri, is,/, 
 hllfu'irf, e, 
 i'^'iiiive, adc. 
 ririicfiluni, i, n. 
 hllciitlum, ii, /(. 
 8ii))ivniiis, a, uiii, 
 unquaiii, adr. 
 
 chance, accident. 
 umloHi'. 
 h' iiri/, iti'v 
 tjuilty. 
 
 a inirtm I , ally, 
 companiiin. 
 'I'hOuiiHtoclcrf, ,iit. Thimintoclexy a 
 j'amuua Athe- 
 nian. 
 
 Vocabulary 47. 
 
 addinco, addldloi, / ham in ad- 
 
 ii. (lition. 
 
 1)11)0, bibi.blbltuin, / think. 
 
 3. 
 coiiHcrvo, uvi, / pres^erve, 
 
 iituui, 1. maintain. 
 
 curro, cQcu'-'-i, cur- / run. 
 
 BUia, 3. 
 iiitcrflclo, feci, / put to death, 
 
 fuctuui, 3. kill. 
 
 stirn, Hiuuini- 
 
 nary, rnwl. 
 easily, 
 hiniiji r. 
 cheerful, 
 indolently. 
 an oracle, 
 liilence. 
 lad. 
 (d any time, ever. 
 
 Vocabulary 46. 
 adjClvo,juvi,jutum, I assist. 
 1. 
 
 allquis, quid, proH. 80»He one, somv- 
 
 thinij. 
 Cartha^'Iuionsis, O, Carthayinian. 
 
 nfivulis, 0, naval. 
 
 Nil us, i, m. the river Ntle. 
 
 iinunulhis, a. iim, »ome. 
 quOtidlC'. adc. evirj day. 
 
 tarn, adv. so, ^< such a de- 
 
 gree. 
 Phrase :— 
 In li'Koui jiirfirp, to swtar to a law. 
 
 Vocabulary 48. 
 
 doploro, uvi, utum, / hnuent orer, 
 ]. diphire. 
 
 irascor, iratus, 3, I am auyry. 
 dep. 
 
 inciin, Q\, Itmu, 2. T <nn i^ihid. 
 
 tribao, ai, utuni, 3. / (//(•(,', aKsiijn. 
 
 ArTovistus, i. m. Arioriatux, i, 
 German king. 
 
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 PI 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 138 
 
 V0CABULA1UE8, 
 
 I ;. f 
 
 ! I 
 
 Jii 
 
 i 
 
 M 
 
 m 
 
 fbrt<5, adv. hy rhniice. 
 
 iufainia, ao, /. iufdiinj. 
 
 mlnlme, ndt\ iii the had de- 
 
 tjri't'. 
 nco, nCquC, coiij. neither, nor. 
 Btultltia, ao,/. folly. 
 
 Vocabulary 49. 
 cunctuH, a, urn, all. (ill tocfother. 
 (liisslmllis, 0, unlike. 
 
 fProx, ocis, fierce, xpiritfd. 
 
 if,'iinrritlo, ("diis. /. iijnoranre. 
 inferior, Ins (ww^;.) loirir. inferior. 
 mrilnin, i, n. mi < ril. 
 
 p(!rf('ctii8, a, nin, Jinifhed, perfeet. 
 Pliidlas, ac, vt. J'hidinn. a fa- 
 
 VlOlts Athr- 
 
 vie. II xrnlptor. 
 
 praP8tril)llis, c, c.rrrlleiit. 
 
 proxinins, a. uin, venrcnt. next. 
 
 BClentIa, ao. /. knowledge. 
 
 bC(1, ronj. hut. 
 
 slnillin, o, lih-e. 
 
 Blmfllacruni, i, ?(. an iiiKujc^Htntne. 
 
 viliu, c, cheap, coiniiion. 
 
 Vocabulary 50. 
 
 cognosco, uovi,uI- / learn, usctr- 
 
 tum, 3. tain. 
 
 coniprCht'udo, di, I seize. 
 
 sum, H. 
 
 confMo, foci, ft 'C- I jiiiinh, aeroni- 
 
 tnni, H. ),li:^h. 
 
 coiiHcendo, di, J mount, ijo on 
 
 sum. 3. hoard (xhip). 
 
 contcndft. di. snin / strain, haxten. 
 
 and tuiii, li 
 cnnvoco, uvi, utnni, / call totiither. 
 
 1. 
 
 ofildrCSCO, llurili, ;{. to liloKStnn forth. 
 
 expOno, pr,.,ai. pO-j ^ ''."' /'"'{''■ 
 
 «itum,:{. d'x^nuhark 
 
 I {trooj/f). 
 intQmesco, tannli, / i^well. 
 
 3. 
 liilinr, lai)cni,s. 3, I (iUde, pas^ 
 
 >'■ ileji. aim ij. full. 
 
 orlor, ortns, oriri.l 
 
 4, V. dep. ; ^w) I rixe. 
 
 p. 122. ) 
 
 porli^f^'o, lOgi, li'c- I nad thrviujh. 
 
 turn, 3. 
 
 perrninpo, rupi, I hurst through. 
 
 rupfiini, 3. 
 l)rai'niittn, mi.si, I send on before, 
 
 inirisnm, 3. 
 rcVltn, uA i. fitnin, 1. I read aloud. 
 rC'cnpCrii, rivi,atnni, / recover, get 
 
 J. hack. 
 
 regno, rivi,utnni, 1. / reign, rtm 
 
 king. 
 wntio. Hi. Hnni, 4. I feel, ]ierceive. 
 nulwfqnor, sCciitna, Ifullvw up, 
 
 3. V. dep. 
 
 BUsripio, cepi, ct'ii- / undertake. 
 
 tinn, 3. 
 vcxo, avi, iituni, 1. / re.r harass. 
 
 actas. fitlH. /. aij,', time of life. 
 
 Arbola, ue, /. Arhela, a town 
 
 in Asfijria. 
 
 Cassivolaimus. i, Cassivelaniius,a 
 m. Jlritish chief. 
 
 dC'loctns, 11.4, ?)i. a lev;/. 
 
 Ifiljorna, orum, n. tvinter-qtiarters. 
 pi. 
 
 intlrniuB, a, uni. infirm, feeble. 
 
 Plsibtratus, i, m. Pisidratiis, a 
 despot of 
 Athens. 
 
 HCiiatna, us, >». the senate. 
 
 stiltiiii, adr. immediately, 
 
 I'lirast's; — 
 
 Di'lootnin lialiOro, to hold a hvy. 
 
 .Maxima itini'ia, forad mard'ies. 
 
 Navem (naves) consccndt'rp, to I'mbark. 
 
 Vocabulary 51. 
 
 t'X.strQo. rstriixi. / hinp up. 
 
 structnin, 3. 
 
 ol)sIdt5o. Hedi, sen / hloekade, lai/ 
 
 sum, 2. siege to. 
 
 pono. pnsini, p6.sl- / pidce. 
 
 tnm. 3. 
 
 Atlifiiao, urnni. j. .ithens. 
 lic.-tinla, ar, /. a .^niall animal, 
 
 insect. 
 (•aiii|)ui^. i, m. a plain 
 
 doiuUiatus, us, ()i, '• .' .i^ocereignty 
 hOra, oe, /. an hour. 
 
VOCAUULAIUES. 
 
 189 
 
 urd throuijh. 
 
 end on before 
 
 end (dotid. 
 recover, get 
 lark. 
 
 reiijn, rtm 
 iintj. 
 
 r(l, iicreeive, 
 dUuio up. 
 
 .ndertake. 
 
 I'X- Jiarass. 
 
 \ lime of life, 
 hcla, a town 
 II A.ifijrid, 
 ^nivehinntifi, a 
 'Iritinh chief. 
 
 ■'•//• 
 iter-qnarters. 
 
 'nn. fiehh). 
 ■istrdtuK, a 
 hupot of 
 ithenx. 
 seiKite. 
 nidiateli/. 
 
 to hold a hvy, 
 forctd marciies. 
 to anbark. 
 
 51. 
 
 rdjt up. 
 
 ilorhdde. I(iy 
 ietje to. 
 htre. 
 
 tiix. 
 
 iiiaU (Ill/mat, 
 iinect. 
 fain 
 
 .t'ocercitfnty 
 hour. 
 
 { 
 
 Hanmo, onie, m. Ilanno. a Car- 
 tliiKiinian. 
 
 Marathon, Onis, in. Marnthon, a 
 jihiin near 
 Athenn. 
 
 natue, a, tim, jxvrt. horn, mjed. 
 ami adj. 
 
 paeaus, us, m. a pace (iibdut 
 
 livo fVut), 
 
 Il)i, nilr. (Jr. in, id), there. 
 LaoCtliU'Uiuii, uiiiti, LaeidaemoH or 
 
 f. Spiirta. 
 
 Lt';onl(lii8, ne, m. Leiinid(t.i,n kiiKj 
 
 vf i^parta. 
 LucCrliv, ao, /. Lureria, a town 
 
 in Apulia. 
 LuoIUH, ii (li.), m. Lueitix, nllovian 
 
 fon-nante. 
 
 Plato, onis, 7)t. riato, II fanwux \muu\iiU\n\. i, n. a eharije, coin- 
 (heek pltHo- 1 iiii.-^.iiiin. 
 
 Hdphfr. 1 iK'i'iietilus. ii, uiii. rnntiniKd. 
 
 8aguntiui, uruni. Soijuntineti, the JUiOiins, i./. UIkhUh. 
 
 m, people (f Ha- '. rus, ruris. /(. the enuntrr/. 
 
 iinnium, ?;i i Sinirlii, no,/. Sparta. 
 
 iSpain. 
 Phnisos ; — 
 
 Castra poiu'ro, to pitch a camp. 
 
 Murum, nggcrum duofire, to carri/ a vail 
 or mound alonjf, 
 i.e. corutruct. 
 
 Vocabulary 52. 
 
 ciitlo, cessi, cetjauni, I yield, retire. 
 •A. 
 
 I'linis,-— 
 Kxiiium .igoir, to live in exile. 
 
 Vocabulary 63. 
 
 Cnlintltao, ai, / fitllr. de- 
 ut.uni. ;5. t> rntinr. 
 
 Cdii.^^uiiio, Hunipsi, I eiin.oinie, 
 diiiiiptiiin, ;{. irafte away. 
 
 exptllo, pali, pul- I drive out. 
 
 confiJro, tali, col- 1 hrin<i together, , , ^ 
 
 latum, 3. v.irr. Make. ] i,,-,„„,\,;i., ,,,„„. ,. / ,,i,,,r 
 
 oppuno, pudili, / set against, jaoCo, ai, Itum, 2. I lie. 
 
 porvCnio, voni, I arrive at. 
 
 ventuni, 4. 
 [>€to, ivi and Ii, / Keek. 
 
 Ituui, 3. 
 rovorto. ti,Kum.|^_ / hnn hack, re 
 'I''' turn. 
 
 rdYcrtor, vereuH, 
 V. dep. 
 
 ApdlloUill, IU>, /. ApoUnnin, a 
 
 tiiirn in Kpi- 
 ruif. 
 
 AristiilCft, i.-», m. AriMidi )!,a itohle 
 At In niau. 
 
 Arpinuiii, i. n. Arpinum.a tvirn 
 
 11 I. at in in. 
 
 AlcIbiadoH, i.-s »i. Alrihiiidix. n e,- Dal.) loll, uiii -. /. iuihyloH. a eit-j 
 
 I, I, valid Atli, 
 
 if An.'iyria. 
 
 luiin. (.'luniiif, iiriiiii, /. ('unnae. a vil- 
 Aoschlnos, i8, m. Atfrhinii^, nu pi- lagiinApuha. 
 
 orator. Ci'uinii, tuiir*, ;;(. {'niion.anAtlon- 
 Curiu»,ali>iiitan ian general. 
 
 iimu ral. C'uniin', iiruiii./'. pi. ( 'ntiiai-. a eitij in 
 Canusiuin, a l'<tnipania. 
 
 town in Apu- Cyprus, i,/. Ci/io-nx, an /,<- 
 
 lia. Id ml oj)' Cili- 
 
 Capua, a elfy if ''ia. 
 
 Canipiinid. Dtlplii. uruiii. in. l),lphi. a eity in 
 Cnln, an inland pi. tin, re. 
 
 Ill (Iveiee. i >iuU} hills, ii, ;;(. lUmiiiitiiix, n ty- 
 hanishinent, ninl of i:!yru- 
 
 exile. I cuse. 
 
 Carlus, ii, VI. 
 Canttsluui, ii, n. 
 
 Capaa, ao,/. 
 Crt'ta, at". /. 
 exllluiu, ii, n. 
 
140 
 
 VOOABULAUIEB. 
 
 1 
 
 i'- 
 
 ! 
 
 if 
 
 
 11 
 
 1 
 
 f" 
 
 i 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 .1 
 
 1^ 
 
 '9 11 
 
 
 i; 
 
 Dyrrachiuiu, ii, n. Dijrrachhm, a Diana, tie,/. Diana, a god- 
 
 town in Kpi- '^''"s- 
 
 ru». I ili'trous, eutie, Jhiurishing. 
 
 FabrMus, ii, in. Fahrfdus, a rw- 1 llnim'riis, i, vi. Homer. 
 
 hielioman. ! iiui)rudi'utla, ao,/. /</)(omjtce, im- 
 
 Huratius, ii, m. Horace, a lio- \ jmidence. 
 
 man pod. Iiutuna, ao, /. Latona, mother 
 
 Lesl)iis, i, / Lenhoii, an island of Apollo and 
 
 off Asia Minor. Diana. 
 
 MarTus, ii, m. Muriuti. a Ho- uiauifc'stiis, a, uiu, evident, juant- 
 
 man ijeneral. f^^^- 
 
 nlist, eonj. 
 quondam, ado 
 
 qnuliH. c, pron. adj. of irhat sort, as 
 Svi'.vusao, arum, Syracuse. 
 
 talis, 0. pron. adj. of that sort, stick. Pti'lla, ao, / 
 TimotUous, i, vi. Timotheus, a fa- Thales, ctis, m. 
 
 mous Grcelc. 
 VenOsIa, ao, /. Venusia. a town 
 
 in Italy. 
 
 Phrase :— 
 
 Morbo consiimi, 
 
 to be carried off by 
 illness. 
 
 Vocabulaiy 54. 
 
 advCuio, vcui, ven- / arrive. 
 
 tum, 4. 
 animadvorto, ti, I observe. 
 
 sum, 3. 
 coufaglo, tugi, 3. Ijlcc to. 
 constat, stitit, it is evident, it 
 
 1. V. impers. is agreed, it is 
 
 certain. 
 contlnCo, Qi, ton- 1 hold together. 
 
 tum, 2. 
 ui^go, iivi, fituiii, 1. 1 deny. 
 parlo, p(5i)Cri, par- / bring forth. 
 
 tum, 3. 
 prodo, didi, ditum, / hand down, 
 
 3. betray. 
 
 pnto, uvi, utum, 1. 7 tliinh. 
 trfido, dull, ditum. J hand doivn, 
 
 3. diUver. 
 
 vidijo, vidi, visum, I see. 
 
 2. 
 
 unless, except, 
 sometime, foT' 
 
 vurly. 
 a star. 
 
 Thales, the phi- 
 losopher. 
 Trojauu.'*, a, urn, Trojan, of Troy. 
 verihluiilis, c, likely, probable. 
 
 cat'cns, a. um, 
 cau.-^a ("''/.), 
 crediblli.s, e, 
 DclOs, i, /. 
 
 blind. 
 
 for the sahe of. 
 credible. 
 
 Delos, an island 
 of Greece. 
 
 Vocabulary 65. 
 
 •onsontio, Bcnsi, I agree. 
 Bi^nsum, 4. 
 
 crf'do, didi, ditum, / believe. 
 
 >> 
 .). 
 
 dirlpio, ripai, rep- / jilunder, pilr 
 tum, 3. laije. 
 
 intelligo, Icxi, ioc- I understand. 
 tum, 3. 
 
 roBponddo, di, sum, I answer, 
 2. 
 
 bSnSvolus, a, um, well-wishing, be- 
 nevolent. 
 
 bonum, i, n. a ijood, a bless- 
 
 ing. 
 
 divinue, a, um, of the gods, 
 divine. 
 
 cldqnons. tis, eloquent, [fire- 
 
 ifi;ui5uB, a, um, fi^^ry, made of 
 
 Lucretius, ii, m. Lucretius, a Ro- 
 man })oet. 
 
 malevuluH, a, um, ill-wMiing, 
 malevolent. 
 
 mondax, acis, hying, false. Used 
 as a Hubst., a 
 lia r. 
 
 primarius, n, um, first-rate, emi- 
 
 Htultus. a, \nn, foolish. [iient. 
 
 sniii?rus, a. um, upper. 
 (see p. 25) 
 
 turpitudu, Im^jf. disgrace. 
 
VOCABULARIES. 
 
 141 
 
 tana, a god- 
 
 nirishing. 
 Omi'r. 
 
 itorduce, imr 
 1)rmhnce. 
 titona, viothcr 
 of Apollo and 
 Diana, 
 'idcnt, mani' 
 fed. 
 
 nlcsK, except, 
 nnctime, for- 
 vicrly. 
 star. 
 
 liales, the phi' 
 losopher. 
 Vojan, (if Troij. 
 ktly, probable. 
 
 rbb. 
 
 agree. 
 
 believe. 
 
 plunder, pilr 
 laije. 
 understand. 
 
 answer. 
 
 veil-wishing, he- 
 )tfvolent. 
 
 ; (jood, a bless- 
 ing. 
 
 f the gods, 
 divine. 
 
 loquent. [fire. 
 
 [vrij, made of 
 
 jucntius, a Ro- 
 man })oet. 
 
 malevolent, 
 ng, false. Used 
 
 as a Hubst., a 
 
 lia r. 
 irxt-rate, emi- 
 'o(ilii<h. [iwnt. 
 ipper. 
 
 Vocabulary 86. 
 
 abjicio, j6ci, jec- / cast ainay. 
 
 turn, 3. 
 ftiitepouo, posQi, I prefer. 
 
 p(\sltum, 'i. 
 conjicio, joci, joe- I jling (^together). 
 
 tuin, 3. 
 evCnIo, veni, ven- / ha}jp(ii. 
 
 turn, 4. 
 nflmCro, avi, atum, I count. 
 
 1. 
 quaoro, quaesivi, / seek, enquire. 
 
 sitmu, 8. 
 r5go, avi, atum, 1. I ash. 
 8p6cttlor, tttus, 1. I spy out. 
 viso, visi, visum, 8. I go to see, visit. 
 
 Blaeaus, i, m. 
 
 Chaerfiphon, on- 
 tia, m. 
 
 CroeauB, i, m. 
 
 our, adv. 
 
 fel" "'■^T, adv. 
 i: is, a, uin, 
 ii. . ,is, e, 
 injustus, a, urn, 
 Laeca, ae, m. 
 mortaus, a, um, 
 nSvus, a, um, 
 phI16du[)li[UH, i, m. 
 plane, ado. 
 quaetitlo, unis, /. 
 quantus, n, um, 
 quare, adv. 
 
 quOt, indec. adj. 
 BaepCndiiiCro, adv. 
 aubditiKcIlia, c, 
 
 telum, i, n. 
 
 abi, ado. 
 
 XCnOplion, ontis, Xenophm, 
 m. Athenian 
 
 Blaesus, a Eo- 
 man naine. 
 
 Chaerephon, a 
 disciple ofSo- 
 orates. 
 
 Croesus, a king 
 of Lydia. 
 
 whyi 'to u-hat 
 end ? 
 
 lucidly. 
 
 uncertain. 
 
 infamous. 
 
 uiijud. 
 
 Lttica, a Roman, 
 
 dead. 
 
 new. 
 
 a philompher. 
 
 altiigilJitr. 
 
 a quudion. 
 
 how great. 
 
 why, on what 
 account. 
 
 }u>w many. 
 
 oftentimes. 
 
 smntichat diffi- 
 cult. 
 
 a dart, weapon, 
 missile. 
 
 lohere. 
 
 an 
 
 Vocabulary 57. 
 at'cWo, Idi, — . :'. Ill happen. 
 
 cQhortor, atna, 1. lencnurnrje, 
 *oonfido, f iriUd / trust. 
 
 Bum, 3. 
 detiiroo, Ql, Ituui, I frighten, dC' 
 
 '2. 'trr. 
 
 *diindo, fisusBum, I di.drust. 
 
 3. 
 diniittu, miai, mid- / ht go, dis^ 
 
 bum, 3. mi.<s. 
 
 enarro, avi, atiim, 1. / relate. 
 euitor, nisuH and J strive hanU 
 
 nixus, 3. 
 exclamo, avi, atum, / cry ouL 
 
 introtio, ivi & li, I enter. 
 
 Itum, 4. 
 uitor, niauB & nixus, I strive. 
 
 3, 
 
 *obsto, stiti, Btl- I oppose, pre- 
 
 turn, 1. vent. 
 
 opprlmo, pressi, I press upon, 
 
 proBBum, 3, overwhelm, 
 
 crush. 
 *persuad6o, euasi, Ip(.suade. 
 
 suasum, 2. 
 praevCnio, veui, I anticipate. 
 
 veiitum, 4. 
 prCnin, pressi, I press. 
 
 Iirt'^sum, 3. 
 pruhlbdn, Ui, Itum, 1 keep off, pro- 
 
 2. hihif. 
 
 rCciiso, avi, atum, 1. / object, refuse. 
 spero, avi, atum, 1. I hope. 
 sto, .-toti, statum, 1. I stand. 
 *siia(lc(>, suasi, I advii^e. 
 
 suasum, 2. 
 tCnco, ili, teiitiiin,2. / hold, retain. 
 transduco, duxi, / lead across. 
 
 ductum, 3. 
 VL'Utlto, avi, atum, I come fro- 
 
 1. qucntly. 
 
 * With Dativu. 
 
 Usgrace, 
 
 See, (liseeru. 
 
 turn, 3. 
 Piu L. I. 
 
 BSbalus, i, m. 
 
 t'Drum, i, n. 
 
 impfiritus, a, um, 
 imprausus, a, um, 
 inlirmIt!l^^, ali.s, _/'. 
 Intri), onis, m. 
 Indus, i, m. 
 
 Bibulus, a Ro- 
 
 man. 
 market-place, 
 
 forum, 
 undiilful. 
 iiulirenkfiist< (I. 
 ictdkness. 
 a robber. 
 plaij. ijame, 
 
 school. 
 
 N 
 
142 
 
 VOCABULARIES. 
 
 ' i 
 
 1 I 
 
 magnSpfirS, adv. 
 
 mirna, a, um, 
 m5dus, i, m. 
 
 moonla, Iiiin, ii. pi. 
 Nervii, orujii,)/t. pi 
 
 pracaltiis, a, um, 
 Satrlus, ii, m. 
 
 Bignum, i, n. 
 TriJbouIus, ii, in. 
 
 greatly, earn- 
 
 eiitlij. 
 
 woiKlvrful. 
 
 a vif'axure, mnn- 
 ttir. 
 
 fnrtijirnfioiix. 
 
 the Nirrii, a 
 Gallic tribe. 
 
 very hiijh. 
 
 Scdriiis, a Ro- 
 innii. 
 
 a iii(jn, signal. 
 
 Trnhonius, one of 
 Caesar's lieu- 
 tenants. 
 
 Phrasea : — 
 
 SCquItur (with acc. and inf. or ut and 
 lubj,), it follows. FacCrC nOn pcjssum 
 guln, / cannot but. Per me (te) etotit 
 (cfuOrutnuB), it was owing to me or you. (that 
 something did not happcny Mlniiuum 
 5bcBt quUi aim, very Utile is wanting that 
 I should be ; J am very near being. 
 
 Vocabulary 58. 
 
 &quor, atus, 1. 
 boUo, avi, atiim, 1. 
 consdlo, sClliii, sul- 
 
 tum, 3. 
 convCuIo, vcni, 
 
 vontum, 4. 
 gusto, avi, atuui, 1. 
 pabalor, atus, 1. 
 postcilo, avi, atuin, 
 
 1. 
 progrCdIor, gres- 
 
 8UB, 3. 
 
 I fetch tcater. 
 I ivaye tvar. 
 I consult. 
 
 I asseinhle. 
 
 I td^te. 
 I forage. 
 I demand. 
 
 I advance. 
 
 AedCli, urum, m. 
 
 pi. 
 AgCsIlaus, i, m. 
 
 Divitl&cus, i, m. 
 
 Fablus, ii, m. 
 
 La.e6daom5nii, 
 orura, m. pi. 
 
 longlus, adv. 
 [comp.) 
 
 ludi, onim, m. j>l 
 
 Maximus, i, m. 
 
 Maximtis, (tht 
 (jnatest,) a 
 »ur7iame of 
 Fahius. 
 
 vnckedne.ss, im- 
 pirty, impious. 
 
 nerd, necessity. 
 
 puhlie. 
 
 the people of 
 Veil, near 
 Rome. 
 
 who, what ? 
 
 uClas, n. indeo. 
 
 ftpils, n. indeo. 
 publicuH, a, um, 
 Vciwites, um, m. 
 pi. 
 
 quisnam, quao- 
 iiam, etc., liko 
 quia, 
 
 rhrases :— 
 
 NCfas est, U is or would be an impiety. 
 Opua est, there is need o/(wlth abl.). 
 
 Vocabulary 69. 
 
 actio, tli, utum, 3. I sharpen. 
 alo, Oi, Itum and I nourish. 
 
 altum, 3. 
 ardtJo, arai, arsum, I burn, am or^ 
 
 2. fire. 
 
 cuglto, avi, atura, I thinJe, medi- 
 
 1. tate. 
 
 collu(j[Uor, cutus, 3. 1 eonver'^e. 
 comparo.avi, atum, I get together. 
 
 1. 
 Cdo, edi, esum, 3. I eat. 
 veuor, atus, 1. / hunt. 
 
 theAedui,aGal 
 lie tribe. 
 
 Agesilaus,aliing i 
 of Sparta. ! 
 
 Divitidcus, a i 
 Gaul. I 
 
 Fabitis, a Ro- 
 man name. 
 
 the Lacedaemo- 
 nians. 
 
 farther, too far. 
 
 gameft. 
 
 bCatO, adv. 
 gratia, ae,/. 
 gratia, ahl. 
 baud, adv. 
 libCre, adv. 
 mflriuus, a, um, 
 upSra, ao, /. 
 plus, uris, adj. n. 
 
 in sing. ; in pi. 
 
 plures, -a. 
 stadlusus, a, um, 
 
 happily, 
 
 favour. 
 
 for the sake of. 
 
 not. 
 
 freely. 
 
 of the sea. 
 
 pains, labour 
 
 \ more. 
 
 zealous, eager 
 after. 
 
 Phrasea :— 
 
 Op'^rrtm dftre, to give one's whole energies 
 to anything ; to devote oneself to it. lutCr 
 bibenduui, &c., ivhikt drinking, &c. 
 
 V'W 
 
mil 
 
 VOCABULARIES. 
 
 148 
 
 dmus, ((he 
 rt atest, ) a 
 irnnme of 
 'dhius. 
 
 kedneiis, im- 
 ictijjmpioiw. 
 I, necessity, 
 lie. 
 
 people of 
 'eii, near 
 loDie. 
 ', wliat ? 
 
 e an impiety. 
 [with abl.). 
 
 •9. 
 
 arpen. 
 mrish. 
 
 re. 
 
 hinlc, medi- 
 
 lie. 
 
 mvcr'^e. 
 
 ;t together. 
 
 it. 
 
 tpily. 
 
 ')ur. 
 
 the sake of. 
 
 the sea, 
 118, labour 
 
 'e. 
 
 lous, eager 
 ifter. 
 
 s whole energiet 
 ff to it. lutCf 
 'cing, &c. 
 
 Vocabulary 60. 
 
 adhlbCo, Qi, Itiim, / employ. 
 
 2. 
 observo, avi, utuiu, / ohsrrvc, re- 
 
 1. Hjurt. 
 
 provMCo, villi, I/<)r(t<i'c, prn- 
 
 viaum, 2. vide. 
 
 ardttus, a, iim, fo/<//, steeji, 
 dijjicult. 
 
 Phrase :— 
 AgSro ootatcm, to spend one's life. 
 
 Voeabulury 61. 
 
 ingrSdIor, grossus, I enter. 
 
 3. 
 intorcludo, ei, sum, I shut off, inter- 
 
 3. ccpt. 
 
 obtempCro, 6vi, I obey, comply 
 
 atum, 1. with. 
 
 commCatua, us, m. provisions, sup- 
 plies. 
 
 oommillfto, onis, m. a felloio-soldier, 
 comrade. 
 
 istuc, adv. (from to-thnt-place 
 itito) (where you are). 
 
 judMnm, ii, n. judgment. 
 paratuH, a, uni, prepared, ready. 
 
 quodfjuc & (jiiid- lirrnj one. 
 »]U0, proii. \ 
 
 quo, adr. whither. 
 
 I'liraso ; — 
 
 FIi?rl dp fiUqud, to become of one t as, 
 quid factum cHt do illo, wImI has Income oj 
 thai vian f 
 
 Vocabulary 62. 
 
 conccdo, cossi, vva- 1 yield, retire. 
 
 8um, 3. 
 inceudo, di, sum, J turn. 
 
 3. 
 pcrclpio, cepi, I perceive. 
 
 coptum, 3. 
 
 affoctua, a, um, 
 Brutus, i, m. 
 
 Caaslus, ii, m. 
 
 made, disposed. 
 Brutus, a Ito- 
 
 man. 
 Cassius, a Ro- 
 man. 
 Campania, ao, /. Campania, a 
 
 part of Italy. 
 occtlpatus, a, um, engaged, busy. 
 quasi, adv. as if. 
 
 Phrases : — 
 
 CoimUium Inire, to enter on, form, u 
 design. In spem vOniro. to conceiue a hope. 
 
 N2 
 
H' i 
 
 abl. 
 
 ace. 
 
 cuij. 
 
 wlv. 
 
 c. '>r com. 
 
 amip, 
 
 eonj. 
 
 dat. 
 
 dep. 
 
 freq. 
 
 gen. 
 
 incep. 
 
 indec. 
 
 indef. 
 
 ( 144 ) 
 INDEX 1. TO VOCABULAIIIES. 
 
 LATIN WOUDS. 
 
 LIST OF AlJIillKVIATIONS. 
 
 iiMatlvo. 
 
 inter j 
 
 (iccuM(i4ivo. 
 
 inter. 
 
 juljoctlvp. 
 
 irr. 
 
 lulvcrlt. 
 
 m. 
 
 (■oiiinion Konder. 
 
 n. 
 
 coiupariitive. 
 
 P- 
 
 conjunction. 
 
 part. 
 
 dative. 
 
 pi. 
 
 deponent. 
 
 prep. 
 
 fcminiiio. 
 
 pron. 
 
 ficqiK^ntative. 
 
 rel. 
 
 gi'iiitive. 
 
 Sing. 
 
 Inceptive. 
 
 tup. 
 
 indoclinablo. 
 
 V. 
 
 indufinite. 
 
 
 interjection. 
 
 inteiToRativo. 
 
 irregular. 
 
 niasculinc, 
 
 neuter. 
 
 page. 
 
 participle. 
 
 plural. 
 
 preposition. 
 
 pronoun, pronominal. 
 
 relative. 
 
 singular. 
 
 superlative. 
 
 verb. 
 
 1, 2, 3, 4, Indicate the conjugation of a verb. 
 
 I I : -si I 
 
 A. 
 
 A 
 
 AEllLMNA. 
 
 fidgOi H, Ituni. 4, / go to. 
 adhioeO) u'. uum, 2, lem- 
 
 ploy. 
 
 5b (5. nl's). P^^P- with all., adhortor, atus, 1, v. dep., 
 frnm.by. I urcie, exhort. 
 
 abeo, •>. Itum, ire, 4, / go adipiscor, iTt"s, 3, v. dep., 
 away. I avijuire, attain to, obtain. 
 
 abjicioi Ji^ci, Jectum, 3, / adJuvOi juvi, jutum, 1, / 
 cast away. assist. 
 
 absunit al>fui. abesse, / am admiror, atus, 1, v. dep., 
 absent. I wonder at, I admire. 
 
 absumOt sumpsi, sump- : adsum. adfai, adesse, yam 
 tnni, 3, / consume, cut ojl'. prcsait, stand l)y, side with. 
 
 absurduSi a, um, adj., ab- , adulatio, onii>, f.,Jlattery. 
 turd. \ adveniO) vcui, ventum, 4, 
 
 &butor« U8UB, 3, V. dep., I\ I arrive, 
 abuse. i advento, avi, stum, 1, V. 
 
 accedoj cossl, cessum, 3, / 
 approach. 
 
 accido. '*ii ("o svpint), 3, 
 n. v., I ha^tpen. 
 
 acclpio. cf pi. ccptum, 3, / 
 receive. 
 
 freq., 1 am on the point of 
 arrimng. 
 
 adventus, us, m., arrival. 
 
 advereus or um, prep. 
 
 witii ace, towards, against. 
 
 aedificiunii liiW., a build- 
 
 aceri crie, ere, adj., keen, ; ing. 
 tharp. _ ' aedifico, avi, atum, 1, / 
 
 aciesi ^h f< « fi"« "/ build. 
 battle. i Aedui, ^runi, m. pi., the 
 
 aCUOi rd, rituni,3, /s/iar;)t'n. ; Aedui, a (lallic tribe. 
 
 aCUS, U9,/., a nee<Ue. \ aeger, gra, grum, adj., 
 
 acutU8» a, uni, adj., sharp. : sick. 
 
 ad, prep, with ace, to, at, j Aegyptus, './•. f-gypt. 
 near. ae<muSi a, um, adj., level, 
 
 addiotUSi ai um, part., de- ] ei^en, just. , 
 
 voted ! aer, aoris, tn., t?ie air. ! 
 
 addiscoi addldlei (no s-u- , aerumuai t^e, /., trouble, '. 
 pine), 3, 1 learn in addition to. j affliction. I 
 
 Al.Il'.S. 
 
 Aeschlnes, isi »»., Aet- 
 
 chines, an orator. 
 
 aestaSi at's,/> summer. 
 
 aetas, "tis. /•. age, time of 
 life. 
 
 aetemus, a, um, adj., 
 eternal. 
 
 afFectus, a, um, part., 
 made, disposed. 
 
 affero, aftrdi, allatum, 
 afl'erro, 3, v. irr., I bring to. 
 
 affligOi ll'-^'i. Jiictum, 3, / 
 cast duiun, prostrate. 
 
 Africanus, 1, »»., Africa- 
 nus, a surname of the Scipios. 
 
 ftger, gri, rn-, a field, land; 
 in J)/., territories. 
 
 Asresilaus, '. »»., AgesUaus, 
 a kiiKj (f Sparta. 
 
 agger, f'ris, m., a mound. 
 
 ago, cgi, actum, 3, 1 lead, 
 act, do. Agere aotateni, to 
 spend one's life. 
 
 agricolaj «t', m., a husband- 
 
 ala, ae, /., a wing. [man. 
 
 albus, a, uni, adj., white. 
 
 Alcibiades, is, «i., Alcibia- 
 des, a celebrated Athenian. 
 
 Alexander, dri. m., Alex- 
 ander, a famous king of Mace- 
 dovia. [times. 
 
 alviuando, adv., some- 
 aliquis, quid, pron., some 
 one, stnticthinij. 
 
 alius, a, ud, irr. adj.. 
 
 dV 
 
INDEX TO VOCABULAItlE.S. — LATIN WORDS. 
 
 115 
 
 ALT/)QUOB. 
 
 (me of any 7tumber, one, an- 
 olher. 
 alloQuor, locntus, 3, v. dep , 
 
 I fjmik 1(1. 
 
 alo, i'lli'ii. iilltum iiml iiltum, 
 3, / vvurisk. 
 
 AlpeSt """i^' "•• P^-' ^^^ 
 
 Alpi. 
 
 alter, tfra,tOrmii, adj. (gen. 
 Sivy, lus, dat. i), one of two, 
 the other, second. 
 
 altuS) a. »'". odj., high, 
 il/t ji. 
 
 &mablli8,_<'. (i<ij-< lovely. 
 
 ambulo, "vi, at\iin, 1, J 
 ^vdlk. 
 
 nmicitia, ae, /., friend- 
 sh i}>. 
 
 amicus- i. »»■. a friend. 
 amor, oris, m., loxx. 
 angUStUB, ii. uin.acO"., nar- 
 row. 
 animadvertOi tl, buid, 3, 
 
 / observe. 
 
 animal, Slii'. «•> <i" animal. 
 
 animus, i. m., miml, tlie 
 soul, ancrage, temi>€r, the feel- 
 ings. 
 
 annus, i. m., a year. 
 
 ante, prep, with cite,, he- 
 fore. 
 
 antepono, pi^^fii, posiium, 
 
 3, I Jirefer. 
 
 Antiochus, ". w- -i"''"- 
 
 chua, a name of several kiiujx 
 of Syria. 
 
 antiquus, ft. »">. adj-, an- 
 cient. 
 
 ApoUp, Inis, m., AjHillo, a 
 Roman divinity. 
 
 ApoUonia, ftc, /., Apollo- 
 nia, a town in Jipirns. 
 
 apud, prep, with ace, at, 
 near. 
 
 aqua, ao,/-, water. 
 
 aauila, •M%f., an eagle. 
 
 aquor, atus, i, v. dep., i 
 fetch water. 
 
 Arbela, ae, /., Arbcla, a 
 town in Assyria. 
 
 arbor, Oiis,/., a tree. 
 
 arcus, lis- m., a Ixnu. 
 
 arcuB coelestis, m., a 
 
 rainbow. 
 
 ardeo, ftfsi, arsnm, 2, / 
 Intrn, am on fire. 
 
 arduus, a, uin, adj., hfty, 
 steep, diflicult. 
 
 argeiitum, i, "•. silver. 
 Ariovistus, 1, m., Ariovis- 
 (m,s, a Uerman king. 
 
 AristideS, •>-, W., AristitUn, 
 an Athenian, 
 
 BF.Nm;voi.i:8. 
 
 arma, fimm, v. pi., arms. 
 Arpinum, >. n., Arpiuum, 
 
 a tmrn in IaiIihiii. 
 
 ars, iiiti.", /., art, handi- 
 criijt. 
 
 arx, iircis,/., a citadel. 
 
 Asia, ae,/-. Asia. 
 
 aspor, era, Ciuiii, adj., 
 rough, nigged. 
 
 aspernor, "t'i«. i. v. dcp., 
 
 I reject, desj'ise. 
 
 ater, alru, ritium, adj., 
 black. 
 
 Athenae, ii"'"'. /■ pi-> 
 
 AthrllS. 
 
 Athenionsis, i'. «<0-. -^""^- 
 niaii. 
 
 atque, ac, eonj., and. 
 
 atrox, i>c\i*, adj., stern, san- 
 guinary, criU'l. 
 
 attente, cuiv., attentively. 
 
 attentUS, a. "ni, adj., at- 
 tentive. 
 
 auctoritas, atls,/., autho- 
 rity. 
 
 auctumnUS, i. w., autumn. 
 
 audacter, adv., boldly, 
 
 dariniily. 
 
 audax, Tums, adj., hold. 
 
 audeo, a'i^»s s^um, aiulfrc, 
 2, y dare, I'liitnre. 
 
 audltUS. I'ls. m., a hearing. 
 
 aufero, cil'-^tuli, aliUitum, 
 aufi'iTi', 3, 1'. irr.,Jcarry aicay. 
 
 Augustus, i, «'., .u'lgi'Stus, 
 thejic^'t emjteror oj hinne. 
 
 aureus, a. ^'"i, adj., gulden. 
 
 auriS, is,/., an ear. 
 
 aurum, i. "•, g"id. 
 autem, <'"y.. <"'' (piac.d 
 
 alliT the lii'Kt wiinl of the 
 clause to wiiicli it bflon^'s). 
 
 auxilium, f. n., help, aid, 
 assistance. 
 
 avis, is,/, bird. 
 
 avUB, U »«•» a grandfather. 
 
 B 
 
 Babylon, ''nis,/., liahylon, 
 a city of Assyria. 
 
 bailaena, ao./. a. whale. 
 
 beate, adv., happily. 
 
 beatUB, a, um, adj., happy. 
 
 bellicoSUS, a, um, adj., 
 warlike. 
 
 belle, uvl, utum, 1, Iw'age 
 war. 
 
 bellua, ao,/., a great beast. 
 
 bellum, i, "•. n<ar. 
 
 Dene, ailv., well. 
 
 "bcnevolns, «. "m, ailj., 
 
 I w'ell-ieishiug, benevolent. 
 
 CASTIIA. 
 
 bgnifrne, adv., kindly. 
 
 bCnij5nu8.a,iiiii,a./j,,A-i'n(l. 
 
 bestia, a.',/., a Ua.H. 
 
 bestiola, at'. /. « small 
 animal, iiisect. 
 
 bibo, ''il'i. Whlttim, 3, / 
 drink. 
 
 Bibulus, '. W'. Ilihulus, a 
 lioman. 
 
 Blaesus, i. m., Ulaesus, a 
 Human. 
 
 blandior, itin, with dat., 
 4, v. dcji , J jlatter, win ujmn. 
 
 bona, <ii''iiii. "• pi., goods. 
 bonum, '. "•. a gooii. 
 b5nuSi a, mil, adj., good. 
 brevis, f. a<^ < sh"rt. 
 
 Britannia, ac/, iiritain. 
 Brutus, 1. "»•. iirutus, a 
 Roman, 
 
 O&dOi ciScTJi, cTw.im, 3, 1 
 fall. 
 
 CaeCUB, a, tun, adj., blind. 
 
 Caedes, i^./., slaughter. 
 
 Caesar, "'is, m., Caesar,a 
 faniiins Uoman. 
 
 Caius C^"">. <^aius, a Ro- 
 nmu praenomen. 
 
 calcar, i'lris, n.,-a spur. 
 
 calor, mis, m., heat. 
 
 Camillus, i. "*■. vamillus, 
 a Ixonuui general. 
 
 Campania, ao, /., Cam- 
 pania, a part of Italy. 
 
 campus, i. '" . a plain. 
 
 Oanis. is,_c.,a dog. 
 
 Cannae, arii'ii- 7 •;''•. ^«n- 
 
 vae, a village in .\pulia. 
 
 canto, uvi, utiiin, 1, I sing. 
 
 CantUS, »s, m., a song. 
 
 Canusium, ii. n., Canu- 
 sium, a town in Apulia. 
 
 Capua, ac, /., Capua, a 
 city <f Campania. 
 
 caput, Itis, n., a head. 
 
 carmen, i'lis. n., a soi\g. 
 
 caro, cimw,f.,Jlesh. 
 
 CartnaginiensiSi e. adj., 
 Carthaginian. 
 
 Carthago, inis. /-, Car. 
 thage, a city of AJrica. 
 
 earns, a, um, 'a<lj., dear. 
 
 caseus, >. "»•. cheese. 
 
 CassiuB, i'. WI-. cassius, a 
 Jioman. 
 
 Cassivelaunus, '.»"., cas- 
 
 sivelaunus, a British chief, 
 
 castlgo, avi, fitum, 1, / 
 
 chastise. 
 
 castra, ''iruin, n. pi., « 
 camp. 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
140 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULAlllES. — LATIN WOllM. 
 
 I 
 
 j ! 
 
 
 
 I I 
 
 CASUS. 
 
 casUB) fis. "*■' chance, acd- 
 dfiit. 
 
 Catlllna, w. »»•. Catiline, 
 a cimapirator. 
 
 CatOi onis, m., Cato, a nolle 
 Unman. 
 
 causa, ft''. /-I « ca'tse- '» 
 ai/., on ttccon7i< (j/". 
 
 cautuB. ". "11' "''i- '""' 
 
 IKirt., catitioiis, secured. 
 
 cedOi coHBi, ccssuin, 3, I 
 yic.Ul, retire. 
 
 cfiler, f ris, i^rp, (ny., jm/^. 
 
 celsuBi i>. "™. "^O'-i ''i/'i/' 
 
 tall. 
 
 centuria, ft''./- afen'M'-y- 
 
 Cerasum, ". "■. a cherry. 
 
 cgrasuS) >. ^^ '/is cherry- 
 tr*e. 
 
 OemOt crOvi, crCtrnn, 3, 1 
 $u, discern. 
 
 certUBt ft. M^n, adj., certain. 
 
 cervus, U m., a stag. 
 
 CetSri (cact.), crtOruo, cC- 
 terft, adj. }il., the rest. 
 
 Chaerephon. ontis, m., 
 Chaercphun, a disciple qf So- 
 crates. 
 
 (HcSrOj Ciiis, m., Cicero, a 
 ceU'hraled Homan orator. 
 
 Cimbri, oium, m. pi, the 
 Cimbrians, a formidable Cel- 
 tic tribe. 
 
 cingOi cinxi, ciiKtum, 3, / 
 turround. 
 
 circa, circum, prfp- ^^iH' 
 ace, around. 
 
 ciroit§r, prep, with ace, 
 about. 
 
 cie, aitva, prep, with ace, 
 on this side of. 
 
 Civllis, e, adj., belonging 
 to a citizen, civil. 
 
 CiviSi i*'. com., a citizen. 
 
 Ci vitas, tutis, /,, the state, 
 cititeiifhip. 
 
 cladeSi is. /•. slaughter, 
 disaster. 
 
 clam, prep, with cu:c. or 
 dbl., secretly, without the fcmnf- 
 ledge of. 
 
 clamor, 5rip, m., a shout. 
 
 Clarus, a. um, adj., clear, 
 rennv:ned. 
 
 classis, '\^,f.,ajlcct. 
 
 coelestis, e, adj., belonging 
 to the heavens. 
 
 coelum, j. n., heaven. 
 
 OOenO, ftvl and atua BUm, 
 1, / sup, dine. See p. 85. 
 
 c6eo, ivi or li. Hum, 4, / 
 join together. 
 
 c5erceo, fi'. '-tum, 2, l re- 
 ttrain, curb. 
 
 CON.STAT. 
 
 cogltO, Tivi, uHini, ' , / think, 
 
 meilltale. 
 
 cognitio, I'l"'''. /•. icnow- 
 
 ledge. 
 
 COgnOSCO, 'H'vi, liliiini, ,3, 
 / learn, asrertain. 
 
 c6hor8, ^",.1'., a cohort. 
 
 cohortor, "tus, i, v. dep., 
 
 I evcini rage. 
 
 CoUoilUOr, cutUR, '', 1). dep., 
 I covtrrse. 
 
 ColO, t'''li"ii, cultimi, 3, 1 cul- 
 tivate, cherish, dwell. 
 
 colonia, M\f-,an,in),y. 
 
 color, firi'-. "»•. colour. 
 columba. ne,/., tt<(M'e. 
 c6mes, "-is, com., a com- 
 panion. 
 comitor, "tun, i, v. dep., i 
 
 accompany. 
 
 COmmp'atUS, ns, m., pro- 
 visions, snpjilies. 
 
 COmmilitO, iJnif. m., fel- 
 low-soldier, comrade. 
 
 COmmittO. nusi.missum.S, 
 / send togdher, join {fight) 
 battle. 
 
 compare, iivi, atuni, i, / 
 
 get together. 
 
 comprehendo. 'li. f<"m, 3. 
 
 I seize. 
 
 COnCCdO, COSHJ, CCBHUTB, 3, 
 
 I yield, retire. 
 
 conf§ro, tuli, collfitiini, 
 confcrrc, ;t, v. irr., I briny to- 
 gether. Intake. 
 
 conflcio, fPci, foctum, 3, 
 J fin ish, acvompHsh. 
 
 confido, >«>>^ f^'i'ii. 3, with 
 dat., J trust. See p. H5. 
 
 COnf it§or, fossus, 2, v. dep., 
 I confess. 
 
 COnfuglO, friRi. 3, Ifiee to. 
 
 oorJicio, y^U Joi'tiiiii, :i, 1 
 
 fling (together). 
 
 COHJuratiO, Onis,/,, a con- 
 spiracy. 
 
 Conon, Onis, m., Conon, an 
 Athenian general. 
 
 Conor, atuH, 1, v. dep., I 
 attempt. 
 
 conscendo, tli. siim, 3, / 
 mount, gi> on lioard {ship). 
 
 conscientia, a»^. /•. con- 
 science. 
 
 consentio, nsl, nsum, 4, / 
 agree. 
 
 conserve, »vi, atum, 1, / 
 
 preserve, maintain. 
 
 consilium, i. n., a plan, 
 counsel. 
 
 constat, atitit, 1, impert. 
 V,; it is evident, it ii agreed, 
 it is certain. 
 
 crriDiTAs. 
 constituo, I'll. rit\im, 3, / 
 
 settle, d(i>rrmine, resolve. 
 
 consuetudo, iniH,/., hahit. 
 consul, iili**. "•■. a consul, 
 consulatuB, "«. «»•. office 
 of consul, consulate. 
 
 consulOi ifti. Hum, 3, i 
 
 consult. 
 
 consflmo, s'lmpci. siimp- 
 tiuii,3, 1 consume, waste away. 
 
 contemno, tcmpsi, temp. 
 
 tuiii, 3, / despise. 
 
 contemplor, fi»"^ 1. ". 
 
 dep., I observe carefully, con- 
 template. 
 
 contendo, <l'. ""ni and f urn, 
 3, y strain, hasten. 
 
 contentus, ft. um, ailj., 
 contented. 
 
 continSo, fll. tcntum, 2, / 
 
 hold together. 
 
 contra, prep, with ace, 
 against, contrary to. 
 
 COntraho, tmxi, tructuin, 
 3, / draw together. 
 
 convenio, vCni, vcntnm, 4, 
 I assemble. 
 
 COnvoCO, ttvi, stum, 1, 1 call 
 together. 
 
 COpia, ftp./-, plenty. 
 
 copiae, ftrum,/. jil., forces. 
 
 c6r, cordifl, n., the heart. 
 
 coram, prep, with abl., in 
 tht preseiiee of. 
 
 Corinthus, './. Corinth. 
 
 Cornelia, "c, /. Cornelia, 
 a Homan inatnm. 
 
 COrnu, fls, ri; a horn. 
 
 c6r5na, ftf,/., a crown. 
 
 corpus, Oris. «.. a l)ody. 
 
 corrigo, rfxi, rectum, 3, / 
 correct. 
 
 creator, oris, m., a creator. 
 
 Credibilis, c, adj., credible. 
 
 credo, d'di, dltum, 3, I be- 
 lieve. 
 
 cr§0, ftvi, utum, 1, 1 create, 
 make. 
 
 Creta, ao, /■. Crete, an 
 island of Greece. 
 
 Croesus, i. »»•. Croesus, a 
 king of hydia. 
 
 cruciatus, is, m., tor- 
 ture. 
 
 crudelis, e. a<y.. cruel. 
 
 crus, cruris, n., a leg. 
 
 culpa, ft*"./-, blame, fault, 
 
 CUVa., P''ep. with abl., with, 
 
 Cumae, arum, f. pi., C'u- 
 mae, a city in Campania. 
 
 OunctUS, a, um, adj., all, 
 all together. 
 
 e&piditaSj «tls, /„ 'lesirt, 
 jMssum. 
 
 JK 
 
Miii 
 
 INDEX TO VOCAnilLAUIES.— tiATIN WoUDH. 
 
 147 
 
 CDPIO. 
 
 DUM. 
 
 C&pio, Ivi or li, IKim, 3, / I Drus, i, m., (!o<l. 
 d'S^iri'. Diana, m'. /•. />i<"i«. a 
 
 cafi «''''•. "'Ay- I (/'"'''• 'S- 
 
 CurOi i"i\'i iituni, 1, / take i dlCOi >l'xl. tlictum, ;t, / »ay, 
 CO If, }i(iitis. ' ^;>' uA-. 
 
 Curro, iiH'uni, cursuin, 3, j dies, ' i. "i- am)/., ilm/. 
 I run. dirt'IClliB, «'. <"0 . <li.lli''ii't- 
 
 ourruSi i'"*, "'•< « lUnrint. dill'ido. i if^us sum, a, witli 
 
 OUrSUSi >t**, "*■, '■l""'i"i/' dat.. Idiati'Hst. Sri' p. mT,. 
 
 custodio, ivi. it'ii'i. 4. /| dlligend.. 'itis, a-y.. in/i 
 
 guard, Icie]. t/iiard, 
 
 custoSi cusifxlis, c, a 
 j/i/rtnit'an. 
 
 Cyprus, 1. /■. ri/i^ruir, an 
 island off Cilicia. 
 
 gent, i-iiril'iil. 
 diligehter, ailv., carrfullij. 
 dTntrentia,ii(',/.,i<i'h(/i'n(c. 
 dlligentiasime. adv., muU 
 
 cari J'nlh . 
 
 di' J, l«'xl, li'ctuin, 3, / 
 «^■( .1, love. 
 dimico, "vi, utum, i, ift/lU 
 
 (a holltr). 
 
 dimitto, -isi. mlsmim, 3, / 
 
 Itt ijii, diamifs. 
 
 DlonvSlUS, il. »n-. Iii-'nu- 
 sins, a tyrant nf ."^i/raciitm. 
 diripio. '■ill'"', ri'iiuiin, 3, / 
 
 Darina, '. "»•, ifarius, a 
 
 kini) (if I'e.rsia. 
 de.l""';'. vrlih ahl., down 
 
 /row, from, am c mini/. 
 
 deflfi^v,/., a ymhU'ss. uini'iu. •■i""' 
 
 debeo, "i. Huni, 2, I owe, phmdir, pillaye. 
 
 oui/iii. I discipuluB, i. »i.. a pupil, 
 
 debilis. e. adj., feeble. scholar. 
 
 d6oet. Jt'tfiit, (lecrTi\ a, im- \ disco, fliilici, 3, / ham. 
 pers. v., ids seemly, liei-iiiiniiij. ' displlceo, fii. Hiiiii (with 
 
 declpio, crpi, coiitiiin, 3, / dat.), 2, i displease. 
 
 rtfi'ii'tf. 
 
 decns, Oris, n., an orna- 
 ment. 
 
 dedecSt, dOcfiit, dfcr-re, 2, 
 V. imiHTs., it is unseemly, un- 
 bKoin ing. 
 
 defendo, iH. sum, 3, / de- 
 fend. 
 
 d^flafrro, fivi, atum, i, to 
 
 be liiinit dinni. 
 
 dejicio, Jt'^i, jiftinn, 3, / 
 cast diiu'ii. 
 
 delectO, iivi, atum, 1, / dc- 
 light, amuse. 
 
 delectus, u^- m., a ?<■»'.'/• 
 
 deleo, i!vi, Otum, 2, ; de- 
 stroy. 
 
 Delos, ',/•, Delos, an island 
 of (,'reece. 
 
 Delphi, orum, m. pi, 
 lielphi, a city in Greece. 
 
 DemC8th§nes, is, m., De- 
 mosthenes, the famous Atfie- 
 vian orator. 
 
 demum, adv., indeed. 
 
 deploro, avi, atum, i, t 
 
 lament over, deplore. Idim. 
 desero, »'»> turn, 3, l ahan- 
 desum, fQi. esse, with dat., 
 
 I am wanting. 
 detSgO, text, tectum, 3, / 
 
 discimer. 
 
 deterrSo, Oi, Uum, 3, / 
 ^riyliUn, dtltr. 
 
 disslmilis, «-, adj., urilike. 
 
 Soc p. 25. 
 
 dlU, atlv., a long time. 
 
 dives, 'ti**. adj., rich. 
 
 divido, visi. visum, 3, / 
 dixnde, separate. 
 
 divlnus, i>, urn. adj., he- 
 longinii tn the tlods, divine. 
 
 Divitiacus, i. ni., Divili- 
 aeiis. a Haul. 
 
 divitiae, "rum, /. pi., 
 riches. 
 
 do, dOili, dutum, dare, 1, / 
 give. 
 
 doceo, fi!. ctum, 2, / teach. 
 
 doctus, ■'> uin, a(y., /farwfi. 
 
 dolor, of\a, m., pain, grief. 
 
 domicilium, ii, «•, an 
 
 abode. 
 
 domina, "•'./•, a mistress. 
 
 domiiiatus, u«, m., rule, 
 sovereignty. 
 
 dorainuB, U *"., a lord, 
 master. 
 
 donum, i, n., a gift. 
 
 dormio, ivi, itum, 4, / 
 
 ship. 
 
 dubitO, >ivi, atum, 1, / 
 doiiht. 
 
 diiblus, a, urn, a/lj., dmiht- 
 fid. Head 
 
 duCO, duxi, ductum, 3, / 
 
 dulcia, f, OAlj., sweet. 
 
 dUQi, <Mlo., whUe. 
 
 KXiino. 
 
 durUB, '>, uni, adj., hard. 
 dux, liiuis, com., a leailer, 
 gi III nil . 
 
 DyrrJicLIum, it, "•, "v- 
 ruc/tium, a town in Kpirus. 
 
 E 
 
 5, ex, prep, with ahl., out 
 of ./mm. 
 edo, ''li, I'^uiii, ,1, I eat. 
 Cduco, "vi, atum, 1, / eJu- 
 
 Cilte. 
 
 edilco, duxi, ductum, 3, / 
 
 h'ad lint. 
 
 effero, rxtnli, firitum, cf- 
 
 fciTi', :i, V. irr., I rurry nut. 
 
 eftioresco, Hunii, 3, / fc/««- 
 
 somjiirth. 
 
 egreglUB, ". uiu, adj., ex- 
 cellent, eminent. 
 
 ejicio, jfti, jeitum, 3, / cast 
 forth. 
 
 elegaUB, autis, adj., elegant, 
 exquisite. 
 
 el5phantUB, 1, "i., an tie- 
 
 phiint. 
 
 el6(iuens, ontis, adj., elo- 
 quent. 
 
 emendo, ii^', utum, i. j 
 
 improve. 
 
 emigro, ^vi, utum, i, I de- 
 part /mm. 
 
 5niO, t'iiii,fni|itiiiii,3, I bii'i. 
 
 enarro, "vi, uluiu, 1, / re- 
 late. 
 
 cinltor, II ' or nixuB, 3, v. 
 di p., I siriu hf.rd. 
 
 fipaminondas, w, »••. 
 F.paminimdas, a famous 'I he- 
 ban. 
 
 S'lUeS, 'tis, m., a horse.- 
 Soldier. 
 
 eiiuitatus, UH, m., cavalry. 
 
 eiJUUS, i, "I., a horse. 
 
 erKa, peep, with ace, to- 
 wards (irnly of the feelings). 
 
 erro, "vi, fitum, 1, I err, 
 make a mistake. 
 
 erudio, 'vi or li. Hum, 4, / 
 (rail! up, educate. 
 
 eriidltus, «, um, adj., 
 trained, educated. 
 
 etiam, conj., also, even. 
 
 Euripides, is. »«■, f-'iri- 
 piiles, an Athenian tragic poet. 
 ' Europa, "e./-, l-'-urope. 
 
 evemo, vcni, ventum, 4, I 
 ha}>]>cn. 
 
 ex or 6, prep, with abl., out 
 of, from. 
 
 _ exoido, cesai, cessum, 3, 
 i go out, depart from. 
 
148 
 
 IKDteX TO VOCABIjLAIUEH.—LATIK W0UD9. 
 
 KXftAMO, 
 
 ' 
 
 illji: 
 
 txrlilmoi i'''!. iitiiin, 1, / 
 en/ ■lilt. 
 
 OAl IXll. 
 
 IIIKMN. 
 
 finKOt fiiiNi. tl.itiin, rt, /i RRudTum, II. n.,>'7. 
 ji„„ii:j,,iiii,nin,it. I Keuer, 111, w.. u .wwin- 
 
 OXCOjO, <i'1iii. cullmii, ;t. /j liuiOi ivi, limn, I, / liiiii/, Uiw. 
 Clill'r.il, ,,u-f/ilh/. \pii; tin fiiiltii. • gpnu, iiK. »'., 'I A-'ife. 
 
 exoiiiiilun^ i. "■. (1)1 <■?- 1 Jiiiis.i'*. m., < II I, liiiiii (\\\ conus, *ris, 71., a racr, 
 
 tthij'li-. [ijit mil. \\t\. Ii n-ititiif:i). ilas.i 
 
 ti^^Ot >vi "r II. iliiiii, 1. / 
 
 oxerc^o, "i. innn. 'J, / (x- 
 
 CXercItuS. f'^. vi.,i:n arviy. 
 exhiifiroi "^i. ntuiu, i, 1 
 
 t/iirr. 
 oxllluci, li. n.,ba>iiiihmctil, 
 
 tX li'i ■ 
 
 oxvello, I'li'i. luistiiii, 3, / 
 
 dfii'i" out. 
 
 exi'crior. iiiiiua,4, v.iiip., 
 
 J trii, ixyi y/< iiie. 
 
 expono, p"Nfil, pi'iHitiun, 3, 
 
 Jj>iitjiiilli,ilisintlmrk{trimpii). 
 
 expugno. "vi, auiiii, i, / 
 
 takr liij fiorm. 
 
 exstvi'iOi stnixi, Mnirfuin, 
 3, 1 lull I ■ up. 
 
 extra, i"(;). with ace, out- 
 aide (if. 
 
 FabiuS) i', «■, a Unman 
 vainr. 
 
 Fabricius. ", in., Fobri- 
 ciiif, a lutlilf Hiimiin. 
 
 fabula, ftp./., iij'iilile, story. 
 
 fades, ti,/., cmnitvnance. 
 
 facile, a<tv., cafili/. 
 
 f&cilis, <'. (liij.. irtXv. 
 
 ^.cinus, ^li;*. »).. a Md act, 
 daritit} deed, crime. 
 
 facio, f>'t"i. f^H'tiini, fiicfrP.S, 
 / make. 
 
 fames, '(»../'•. hvnper. 
 
 fateor, liinsus, 2, v. dep., i 
 coiifesf. 
 
 felicitSr, adv., luck-ihj. 
 
 felix, icis, adj., fortunate, 
 tiucenK/ul. 
 
 ftimina, hc,/., a n-oman. 
 
 i' re, adv., almost, com- 
 trvnly. 
 
 fero, tQli, latuni, frrro, 3 v. 
 irreg., I bear, carry, endure. 
 
 ferox. ocis, adj., fierce, 
 ipintexi. 
 
 ferrum, i, n., iron. 
 
 fiCUS; US,/., afi!l,fo-iree. 
 
 fidelxs, 0, adj.faittiful. 
 
 fides, fi. /.. y (I ith, fulehty. 
 
 fido, fisiiH Piini, fldere, 3, v. 
 n. ('.isu. with ilat.), J trust. See 
 p. 8.5. 
 
 fidus, a. um, culj, faithful. Gall'a- n^- ''. Oa^l. 
 
 liiia, ae,/., o dauyhter. i gaudeo, grivisus Kum, ^.lu- 
 
 XiJilUSi »• m., a son. I dere, 2, v. n., 1 rejoice. Seep. 86. 
 
 tlO, t;ll■lll^. hum, til rl, ;t, V. 
 irr., I hriiiine, uni niiiile. 
 
 firmo, "vi, 111 Mill, 1, / 
 
 tin iii/llii n, miiki' utrong. 
 
 firillUS, ". ii'ii. itdj., stronj). 
 
 fleo, 'l<'\ i. Ill I mil. -. / V)i p. 
 
 flO, 'ivi, Ullllll, 1, / hhiw. 
 
 florons, iiHw. adj.jlnurii^h- 
 ilijl. 
 
 lloreo, fii, 'A I bhiom, 
 
 Jliiinhli. 
 
 flos. "I i"*. "I., ajhiwcr. 
 
 flumeu, iiiif'. ".. " current, 
 river. 
 
 fluO, fliixi. fl>l.<ilill, 3,/_///)i(.. 
 
 MviUS, ii. '".. " '•""(•". 
 
 fodIO, liitii, loHSl.!!!, frulrie, 
 3, / <//(/. 
 
 fons, litis. w»., a fountain. 
 forte, "'/''., ''.'/ ejitnire. 
 fortiSi <■, nilj., strong, 
 bra re. 
 
 fortissime, adv., very 
 
 ttrneil II. 
 
 fortiter, adv., hmrely. 
 fortuna, in',f.. fortune. 
 forum, I. n., market-place, 
 forum. 
 
 fossa, IK'./., a ditch. 
 fl'ater, nis, m., a brother. 
 fraub, iiiiiidis, /., dis- 
 
 hotietihi. 
 
 friRUS, I'ris, n., cold. 
 
 frons, I'lis../".. the forehead, 
 brow. 
 
 fructus, 11^. vt., fruit. 
 fruges, mil,/. pJ., fruits, 
 a emji. 
 
 fruor, fruitus anil fructus, 
 3, I', dep., J enjoy. 
 
 fugio, ffigi. I'fiprUinn, fu- 
 gOri', 3, //(■(', escape. 
 
 fugO, Svi, utuui, 1, 1 put to 
 Jli.jlil. 
 
 fulgeOi falsi, fulBum, 2, / 
 shine. 
 
 fulgur, urlB, n,, lightning. 
 
 fungor, functus, 3, V. dep., 
 I diieharge. 
 
 funu8,_8riF, «,„ a funeral. 
 
 fur 01) oris, m., madness. 
 
 G 
 
 Ocrmivnii iiiuin, m. pi., the 
 (iernitiiis. 
 
 g^ro, pf^wl. Rrstiun, 3, / 
 carry on, ivui/e (uutr). 
 
 gladius, >i. "I . a sword. 
 
 gloria, -v. f., glory. 
 
 gnavitcr, (i'<i'.. aetivefy, 
 
 vigoroiisl I/. 
 
 Gracchus, 1. m., liracchut, 
 
 a Vohle I'tiiiimi. 
 graciiis, <•, adj., thin. 
 Graecia. m'./.. tlreece. 
 
 Graecua, a, um, odj., 
 
 (Ireeiini, i.reek. 
 
 gramcn, inls, «.. grass. 
 grandinat, 1. »'• imperg., 
 it hail a. 
 gratia, «W. sing., for the 
 
 soke if. 
 
 gratUS, n, um, adj., pleas- 
 ing. 
 
 gravis, c, adj^, heavy, 
 severe. 
 
 ,<?raviter, adv., hearily, 
 St verely, g. ievounly. 
 
 gUStO) uvi, atuiii, 1, / taste. 
 
 H 
 
 hab§0. "i, 11 mil. "2, r have. 
 habito, Mvi, Ilium, 1, 7 
 
 dwell. 
 
 Hannibal, nils, m., Jlan- 
 nihiil, f lie great Carthaginian 
 general. 
 
 Hanno, i^nis, m„ Ilanno, a 
 Carthaginian. 
 
 Hasdrubal, I'liis, m., iias- 
 
 druhid, the brother of Han- 
 nibal. 
 
 hasta, ao,/., a spear, 
 
 haud. adv., not. 
 
 Hellespontus, i, m., the 
 l/ellespoiil {now the Darda- 
 nelles). 
 
 Helvetia, ae, /., the coun- 
 try of the Mvetii (in Switzer- 
 land). 
 
 Helv§tiuSi a, um, adj., 
 
 Ilelw.tian. 
 heri, adv., yesterday. 
 
 hibema, omm, n. pi., 
 
 winter tpiarters. 
 
 hibernus, a, wni, a^., of 
 
 winter, wintry. 
 hiemS) hirmis,/^ winter. 
 
 IHHJ 
 
INDEX to VOCABULAUIKH. — LATIN WOllDS. 
 
 Ml) 
 
 IIIKHO. 
 
 INTKIl. 
 
 JUXTA. 
 
 hl^mot iivi, lUum, 1, 7' incertus, '». "Ill, (nO, "»• interclTido, ' '""i. flQwuin. 
 
 wiiitir. vi'ilinii 3, I shut iifl, iiitf'irriil. 
 
 hiiriris, ''. "'O. '■'"■''/"'■ inclploi tt|ii, ci pimn, ;i, / intcroo.ii. U'lm, i, A;i.ti.</i 
 
 HomeruBi '. »«•. //"»i»'f, " /«.////. intcrncioi f'''. f''«tuiii, a, 
 
 dnrlc jiiirl. iuc61a» w. '"»»■. un in- I put lu .liniti, kill . 
 
 h5mO( \h\»> i"»n., a man, Uatnlant. interitUSi 11^. '«i tUftnir. 
 
 W'(.»iii»i. I inCUSOi "vi, ril\iin, l, / ac- tion. 
 
 honofi 'ir'f'. "*., a« /i««'/«r. ci/.s(,7f/i(l^(ii(/M/'i7/i. intorsum. fi'i. •"'*•. «. ir- 
 
 hora, IK'./-. M" A"»r. i Indi. 'iriii".w»i>^i /Hitwn*, re, M\ <Uit., I itmnmihuj. 
 
 Horatius. 'i, m., iioratiut, i>,-ni,ir a/ India. intrtii ;"';'• with ucc., ««- 
 
 a Komiiii }i(ift. indoCtUS. n, uiii, adj., un- I «>'<»' <;/, <fithi)i. 
 
 Uarnid. | intrOi "vl, Hfiiiii, 1, / cnfer. 
 
 indulgfio, <iiii-^i.«iiiltuiii, 2, 1 intro-o, n, itnui, i, / </o 
 
 with l/l(^, / iiidiili/i'. I tr^^/, fiilir. 
 
 industriusi ii> uni. my.. ' intueor, I'ns «nin. a, t>. 
 
 hortor, "tns, i, ». (&;>., I 
 utiji', rrhiirl, et\cinirn(ji'. 
 iiOrtUSi '.»»■. au'irdfii. 
 
 hostia. ii<"./-. '» viiiim. 
 
 hostiSi i><. ccm.. (in enemy, ivdustii mn, Imsi/. 
 fiihlic evi-my. j IneOi ". Itiii". •■ 7 00 t"<". 
 
 humanuSi «. um. wy-. enter, 
 human. ] inerSi tifl. ailj-, helphsi, 
 
 hlimlliSi 0, adj., low. See , sluui/mk. 
 p. 2i. 
 
 ignave, ndv., indolpvtii/, 
 
 ignavia, nc,/., cowuniivc. 
 
 igneus, n, uin, mtj.,J\cnj, 
 tnailr a/ fire. 
 
 ignoratio, Onis, /., tfmo- 
 rance. 
 
 imagOt I'>li». /•. a liffenenn, 
 jxirtrait, image. 
 
 imitor, atus, l, v. dep., I 
 imitate. 
 
 immolo, "vi, Btirn, I, / 
 tOi'rifne. 
 
 inimortalist o, adj., im- 
 mortal. 
 
 immctalitas, ruis,/., im- 
 mnrtalit^. 
 
 imperator, •''rin, m., a miU- 
 tarij commander, a gciii'ral. 
 
 imperitus, a, uni,u(0'.. I'n- 
 
 tkil/ul. 
 
 iinp5riura, fi. n., evipirc. 
 
 imperoi "vi, atum, i, witli 
 dot., I command. 
 
 impetuSi us> m., an attack, 
 onset 
 
 impransus, a, wm, adj., 
 uvhreak/asted. 
 
 improbuBi ft, 'Jni, adj., dis- 
 hoped, wicked. 
 
 imprudentia, ae,/-, Hn>'>- 
 
 rancK, imprudence. 
 
 in.1 prep, with ace, into ; 
 with abi., in. 
 
 inoendlumi ii. «•. afire, 
 
 coy^fi^fivatioH. 
 
 incendot di, eum, 3, / set 
 fire to, bum. 
 
 infamTa, "o./-. infamy. 
 inl'amis, •■. 'I'O-. i>'.i"miin». 
 
 infeCtUS) i^ l"". aitj.. un- ' am ani/ri/ 
 
 lU'ji., I liml; niitin, into. 
 
 intumesco. i". •'. "■ incep., 
 
 I Siirll. 
 
 invidia, fti-, /., envy, ill- 
 will. 
 Ira, IK'./., anger. 
 irascor, intiix, 3, v. lUp., i 
 
 istflC, adv., to-that-plar; 
 inferiOIi Ju", fwi/'. «f in- thUlur {vhere iiou are). 
 
 ita, "''i'-. in that vail, thut, 
 it'llia, IK',/., Ital;i. 
 Iter) itlinris, n., a journey 
 
 ft'Tiis, aitj., loner, infi-rior 
 
 infero, intuli, iliatum, in- 
 fi'i ri', :t, I), irr., I earn/ into. 
 
 infinitue, ", um, adj., un- 
 
 liiiti lull d, infinite. 
 
 infirnutas, I'l's^, /. "'<"'•.•- 
 tie. 'is. 
 
 infirmus, ii,wu,adj., weak, 
 injirin.jirlili:. [han. 
 
 infra, y"'/' \^i'l' '^"'''■. '"- 
 infringo, '"h''. fViutiun, 3, 
 
 / bifiik, imjiair. 
 
 ingens, tiitls, adj., im- 
 menxe. 
 
 ingrcdior, (?rcssus simi, 3, 
 
 V. ili'ji., I enter. 
 inimiCltia, "•',/. enmih/. 
 
 Snimicus, '>. "i", <i'ij < ""- 
 
 frieinlh,. 
 
 initiura, ii, «., a III'!/ inning. 
 inJUSte, «'<"•, unjustly. 
 
 injustus, !i, mil, adj., un- 
 just. 
 
 innumerus. a, "m, adj., 
 innumerable. 
 
 inups, ''ipi*^, (I'lj., destitute. 
 
 instituo, lii, iituiii, 3, i aj)- 
 point, institute. 
 
 irstrumentum, f, n., an 
 
 insi rument. 
 
 instrfio. xl, ctum, 3, / 
 
 arrange, draw up in order. 
 
 insula, ac,/., an island. 
 
 insum, fui, <!!<sc, v. irr., 
 witli dat., I am in or ujyon. 
 
 intelligO, loxi, lectmn, 3, / 
 
 inter, prep, with ace, be- 
 tween, among. 
 
 iacSo, fii, Ittini, 2, I lie. 
 iacio, ji">'i, .i.ictuin, 3, i 
 
 jam, rt'Ji'., noii\ already. 
 
 jubeo, jusHi, jiisHuin, 2, I 
 order, hid. 
 
 jucundus.a, uni.od;'., plea- 
 $ant. 
 
 JUCUnde, ndv., delight- 
 fully, pleasantli/. 
 
 judex, iii-*, com., aj'i.dge. 
 
 jiidicittm, ". «-. judg- 
 ment. 
 
 JudlcOt ftvi, atum, 1, / 
 judge. 
 
 JungO, Junxi, jniirtum, 3, 1 
 join. 
 
 JunO) Onis,/., Juno, a god- 
 dess. 
 
 JurOt iivi or atus Bum, 1, / 
 sieear. Sep p. 8,5. 
 
 iuSj jfiris, n., right, law. 
 
 iu8jurandum,jurit\iaranai, 
 
 n., nu until. 
 
 juste, adi\,JHttly. 
 
 Justus, a, nm, alj.,jurt. 
 
 juvenis, '«, com., a young 
 man or woman. 
 
 iaventus, rni-,/, y^vith. 
 
 iVLXthiPrep. with WT., near, 
 /(ar(i by, next to. 
 
W' 
 
 M 
 
 150 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULAtllES. — LATIN WORDS. 
 
 LABIENUS. 
 
 Lfiblenus. '. w-. habisnus, 
 one I'f Caeuir's Ufuteriants. 
 
 labor, orirt, m., labour, 
 hantsli ip. 
 
 labor, liip'^us, 3, V. dep., 1 
 glide, pass away, fall. 
 
 lac, liictis, 71., milk. 
 
 Lacedaemon, Oniy,/., La- 
 cedaevum or ^jmrta. 
 
 Lacedaemomi, oniiii, m., 
 the I.acedaeiniiii ians. 
 
 laciO, lact'ip, 3, / draw, 
 entice (iWTu). iScoji. 121). 
 
 Incus, us, r,i., a lake. 
 
 Laeca, ae, ?»., Laeca, a 
 
 Jioilifili. 
 
 laetit'a, av,f.,jmj. 
 
 laetUS, a, \im,adj.,jmjful. 
 
 lapis, ifliH, m., a stove. 
 
 lapidgus, fi. um, adj., of 
 itone. 
 
 late, adv., widely, wide. 
 
 Latinus, n, "•"> adj., Latin. 
 
 Latona, ac /., i.at,ma, 
 miither if Apollo and Piana. 
 
 latro, Oiiis, m., a robber. 
 
 latUS, II. "111. adj., 7inde, 
 broaii. 
 
 laudOi "vi, ntum, i, / 
 
 praise. 
 
 laus, \:iw\\s,f., praise. 
 
 leRiitus, i. »»,, ambassador, 
 liciiti iiant. 
 
 legio, unis,/., a lei/ion. 
 
 lego, li-'gi, luctiuii, 3, / 
 gather, read. 
 
 leo, Onif, m., a lion. 
 
 LS5llldaSi in', ni., Leonidas, 
 a king of .■<} arta. 
 
 lepUS, t'Ti^i "1-. " I'are. 
 
 Lesbus, i. /•. i.isbos, an 
 island ojl' Asia Minor. 
 
 levis, '; adj., Hj/ht. 
 
 lex, If'gis,./'., alaiK. 
 
 liber, 'iri, m., a book. 
 
 liber, ira, Crum, adj., free. 
 
 libere, adv., freely. 
 
 liberi, oruni, m. yl., chil- 
 dren. 
 
 lib§ro, "vi, fitum, I, rfree, 
 deliver. 
 
 libertae, "tis, /., freedom, 
 liberty. 
 
 libet, libuit mul libilnm 
 est, libere, 2, v. ivifiers., with 
 dat., itplexises. 
 
 Libya, n'^./-, Africa. 
 
 licet, licuit iind licitum 
 ef,t, llcGrc, 2, V. imjvrs., with 
 dat., it is laviful, allowed. 
 
 MAGNLd. 
 
 lictor, or'w, m., a lictor. 
 lingua, «c,/., tongue, lan^ 
 
 IJUK'.t'- 
 
 liquet, Hfiuoro, 2, V. im 
 })ers., with dat., it is elear,\ 
 evident. 
 
 litera, »(',/., a letter of the 
 alphabet. 
 
 literae, aniin, /. pi., let- 
 ters, learning, also an epistle, 
 letter. 
 
 litus, fn'if. "•. « shore. 
 
 Livius, ii. ni., lAvy, a 
 lioman historian. 
 
 locus, '. m., a place (in pi. 
 l(R'i, si7iijle places ; loca, places 
 connected with one another, 
 reel ions). 
 
 longe, adv., far, far off. 
 
 iongiiKiuitas, "tin, /.. 
 length, distance. 
 
 ibnginquus, a. "m. adj., 
 long, distant. 
 
 Tongius, adv., cowp. of 
 \onf!.i.\farther, too far. 
 
 longUS, a. I'lii, adj., long. 
 
 loiiuor, lOtiitus, 3, V, dep., 
 J s]iiak. 
 
 Luceria, a*'../"-, I.weria, a 
 town in Apulia. 
 
 luceSCit, (illuxit,) Ifu'PR- 
 cCrc, 3, V. impers., it becomes 
 light. 
 
 Lucius, ii, in., Lucius, a 
 lioman fore-name. 
 
 Lucretius, 'i. m., Luc:-e- 
 tins, a lioman jioct. 
 
 ludi, rnuiii, m. pi., games. 
 
 ludo, h"isi, lusniii, 3, I play. 
 
 ludus, i, W-. i''i'.'/, game, 
 school. 
 
 luna, iw,f., the moon. 
 
 luscinia, ao, /., a nightiU' 
 gale. 
 
 lux, Ifui^/., light. , 
 
 Lycurgus, i. »"■, lycurgus, 
 the spartan legislator. 
 
 M 
 
 i Mn.CedO, ''"lif. W'. a Mace- 
 donian. 
 
 I magis, adv. {sup. inaxiTilP), 
 rather, in a highrr deiine. 
 
 magister, tri> m., d master, 
 tacher. 
 
 \ magistratUBt us, m., a 
 
 , magi. Urate. 
 
 ! magnificus, a, um, a^'j., 
 
 , magnificent. [earnestly. 
 
 I magnopere, adv., greatly, 
 
 I magnufii a. um, adj., great. 
 
 MRUS. 
 
 maiores, um, m. pi., an' 
 
 CCStors. 
 
 male, adv., comp. pCyus, 
 sup. pcsKiinO, liadly, ill. 
 
 mal^VOlus, a, lim, adj., ill- 
 wish ing, malevolent. 
 
 malo, inalfii, iiiallo, irr. v., 
 I am more willing, 1 prqf'er, 
 have rather. 
 
 malum, i, «., an apple. 
 
 malum, i, "■, an evil. 
 
 malus. >./•, «r. apple-tree. 
 
 maJus, a. uiii, adj., had, 
 tricked, evil. 
 
 mandatum, i. «•. a charge, 
 comiiiission. 
 
 maneOi mansi, mansum, 2, 
 / rewiiin. 
 
 manifestus, a. um, adj., 
 evident, manifest. 
 
 manipuluSi 1. m., a ma- 
 niple. 
 
 manus, us../"- a hand. 
 
 Marathon, onis, /•. Mara- 
 thon, a plain near Athens. 
 
 mare(,i'*. «•. "'« «t'«- 
 margarita, i\c,f.,apearl. 
 marinus, a, um, adj., of 
 
 the sea. 
 
 Marius, ii, m., Marius, a 
 
 Jtoman general. 
 
 marmor, ''nis, n., marble. 
 
 mater, tris,/., a mother. 
 
 Maximus, i,»n-. Maximus, 
 {the greatest,) a surname of 
 J-'abiiis. 
 
 medltor, afns, i, v. dep., I 
 meditate on, studi/. 
 
 membrana, at", /•, thin 
 skin, membrane. 
 
 memot;^ ^>yi>^, adj., mindful. 
 
 memorabilis, >', adj., to be 
 remembered, memorable. 
 
 memoria, ac,/., memory. 
 
 Menapii, orum, m. pL, 
 Menapii, a ilallic tribe. 
 
 mendax, "I'is. adj. and 
 Sidis., lying, false, a liar. 
 
 mens, moiitin,/., mind. 
 
 mensis, is. m., a month. 
 
 mentior, Uus, 4, v. dep., i 
 lie, till a lie. 
 
 mereo, ui, Itum, 2, / de- 
 serve. Also mPrCor, Itus, 2, v. 
 Cp. 
 
 metallum, i. «.. a metal. 
 
 metior, men.sus, 4, v. dep., 
 I measure. 
 
 metuo, ui. iituni, a, ifear. 
 
 metUS, Ud, m.,fear. 
 
 meus, a. um,* poss. pran., 
 my, mine. 
 
 * roc sing. ml. 
 
 V 
 
 1 
 
 III'' 
 
 ili 
 
IMW 
 
 U8. 
 
 11, m. pi., ati' 
 
 comp. pejus, 
 xiUy, ill. 
 a, liiii, adj., ill- 
 [ilent. 
 
 , iimllo, irr. v., 
 lling, I pr^er, 
 
 ., an apple. 
 ., ari evil. 
 ar, upplc-lree. 
 1111, adj., had, 
 
 , i, n,, a charge, 
 
 isi, mansutn, 3, 
 
 , a, urn, adj., 
 
 •.St. 
 
 , 1, m., a ma- 
 
 f., a hand. 
 oiiis, /., Mara- 
 ear Athens, 
 the sea. 
 iw,f.,apearl. 
 , um, adj., of 
 
 m., Mirius, a 
 
 is, n., marble. 
 /., a mother. 
 i, m., Maximus, 
 a surname of 
 
 us, 1, V. dep., I 
 
 udi/. 
 
 , uc, /., thin 
 
 e. 
 
 ',adj.,mindfvl, 
 
 is, t', adj., to be 
 
 emorabte. 
 
 (',/., memory. 
 
 5ruin, m. pi., 
 
 'lie tribe. 
 
 ficia, adj. and 
 
 ise, a liar. 
 
 i«,/., miri<J. 
 
 nt., a month. 
 
 rU8, 4, V. dep., I 
 
 Ittim, 2, / de- 
 PrCor, ItUH, 2, t>. 
 
 i, n., a metal. 
 nsus, 4, V. ctep., 
 
 ituni, 3, I fear. 
 
 n.ffear. 
 
 tn,* pojs. pron., 
 
 1 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULARIEH. — LATIN WOUi)S. 
 
 151 
 
 ng. ml. 
 
 MinRO. 
 
 migrOt iivl, fituni, 1, / 7»ii;- 
 grate, depart. 
 
 mileBi niilitirt, m., a sol- 
 dier. 
 
 Minerva, "c,/-. Minerva. 
 
 miuimei ado., in the least 
 linijrec. 
 
 minister, trl, m., a ser- 
 vant. 
 
 miror, iitus, i, v. dep., i 
 
 ■wonder at, admire. 
 
 miruSi a, um, adj., won- 
 derj'ul. 
 
 miseri era, Cnim, a-lj., 
 wretched. 
 
 misergor, rtus or uus, 2, 
 
 V. dep., 1 pitij, have pity on. 
 
 miseret, w't ^ nunC'utmn 
 
 est, misOrerc, v. impers., it ex- 
 cites pity. 
 
 mltiSi f. adj., mild. 
 
 mittOi Ill's'. uiisHiiui, 3, / 
 Bend. 
 
 moduSi i. m., a measure, 
 vianner. 
 
 moeniai ium, n. pi., forti- 
 fications. 
 
 mSlestUS, a, um, adj., 
 troublesome. 
 
 moUiOi ivi.ilum, 4, 1 soften, 
 assuage. 
 
 molliSi 0, adj.. soft, mellow. 
 
 mdneOi ui. itum, 2, I ad- 
 vise, warn. 
 
 monSt tis, m., a mountain. 
 
 mSnumentum, i, «•. a 
 monument. 
 
 morbuSt i. m., a disease. 
 
 moriori mortfius, :), v. dep., 
 
 I die (^fut. part. inOrituruM, 
 about to die). 
 
 mors, tis,/., death. 
 
 mortalis, i'- «'0-> mortal. 
 
 mortUUS, a. um. adj., dead. 
 
 moS) mOris, wi., manner, 
 custom. 
 
 moV^O, mdvi, iiiOtum, 2, / 
 move, disturb, trouble. 
 
 moXi adv., soon, shortly. 
 
 mulier, Cris. /•. a, uoman, 
 wife. 
 
 raultitudO, iuis,/., a mul- 
 titude. 
 
 multUS, a, um, adj., much, 
 many. 
 
 mundus, i. "i., the world. 
 
 munimentum, i. n., a for- 
 tification. \S'Jy. 
 
 munio, ivi, Itum, 4, Ifor- 
 
 miinus, Cris, «., a gift, 
 duty. Junction. 
 
 murus, i. m., a wall. 
 
 mutOi iivi, utum, 1, / 
 cliange. 
 
 MUNNUNIjUAM, 
 
 N 
 
 narro, iivl, ritum, l, I relate. 
 nascor, u'Uus, a, v. dfjK, i 
 
 am burn. 
 
 natura, ao,/,, nature. 
 
 natUS, a, um, part, iiiul 
 adj., burn, aged. 
 
 nauta; m\ m., a saib>r. 
 
 navalis, <•. a<0., naral. 
 
 navis, '■'<./•. a ship. 
 
 ne, cofij., not, lest, that not. 
 Sfu pp. 47, 97. 
 
 nec, neque, cimj., neillier, 
 nor. 
 
 necessarius, a, um, adj., 
 
 necessary, iieedj ul. 
 
 ne^S, inilcel. n., wicked- 
 ness, imjnety. 
 nego, avi, fUura, 1, T deny. 
 negotiura, ii. " . business. 
 nemo, 'u'**. com., nobody. 
 Neptunus, i, m., yeptune, 
 the god of the sea. 
 
 nequam, imkcl. adj., 
 comp. iK'quior, sup. ueiiuis- 
 siinuf), worthless. 
 
 nequeo, ivi or ii, itum, ire, 
 4, J am, unable, cannot. 
 
 Nero, "iiis, m., yero, a 
 Homan emperor. 
 
 Nervii, "lum, m. j)J., the 
 Nervii, a Gallic tribe. 
 
 nescio, 'vl or ii, itum. 4, / 
 
 am ignorant of. 
 
 j neuter, tia," trum, adj. {gen. 
 
 1 sing, iu^.dat.i), neither of two. 
 
 j neve, t'/zy., and that not, 
 
 and not. nor. 
 i nidus, 1, tn., a nest. 
 
 niger,Kra,giMim,a'0'..W'"'A:. 
 nihil, indecl. n., nothing. 
 Nilus, '. "*•. the .\Ue, a river 
 in Kgypt. 
 nimis, adv., Um, too muck. 
 ningit, ninxit, ulngCif.S, v. 
 impers., it snows. 
 nisi, conj., unless, except. 
 nitor, uisus and tiixuM, 3, 
 V. dep., I strive. 
 nix, nivis,/., snow. 
 nobilis, i'. adj., distin- 
 guislied. noble, celebrated. 
 
 noceo, al. itum, 2, with dot., 
 I hurt, harm. 
 
 nolo, "olui, nolle, v. irreg., 
 I am unwilling, I do not wish. 
 nomen, lui^, n., a name. 
 non, adv., m)t. 
 nonnuUus, a, um, adj., 
 some. 
 
 nonnunquam, adv., some- 
 times. 
 
 OMNIH. 
 
 noster, tra, trum, post, 
 pron.. iinr, onrs. 
 
 notUS, a, um, adj., known. 
 
 ndvus, a, um, adj., new. 
 
 nOX, iiottis,/., night. 
 
 noxius, a. "Ul. adj., hurt- 
 ful, injurious, guilty. 
 
 nubes, iK,f.',acloud. 
 
 nuUuS, a. um, ailj. {gen. 
 sing, ills, dat. i), none. 
 
 num§ro, *vi, atum, i, / 
 
 count. 
 numerus, l. w»-. a number. 
 nunc, adv., niin\ 
 nuniiuam, adv., never 
 nutrio, ivi. Hum, 4, / u • 
 
 risk, nurture. 
 
 6b, prep, with ace, on 
 OMount of. 
 
 6bedio, ivi, itum, 4, with 
 dat., 1 oliey. 
 i obeo, ii, Itum, 4, / meet, 
 I'sp. meet ileath, I ilie. 
 
 < obliviscor, liin-*. ■>. "■ <i*'P' 
 
 [ Ifn-get. 
 
 ' obscuro, avi, atum, i, i 
 
 darken, obscure. 
 
 observo, a^'. atum, l, / ob- 
 I serve, respect. 
 
 ObseS, iilis, com., a hostage. 
 
 obsideo, «''''>. i<t>!«uni, 2, i 
 block I de, lay siege to. 
 
 Obsidio, Onis, /., a siege, 
 bl(Kkiide. 
 
 Obsto, f^titi, stitum, 1, / op- 
 pose, prevod. 
 
 Obsum, obtTii or olTiii, oli- 
 cssr, y. irreg., with dat., I am 
 in the way, am hurtful to, 
 injure. 
 
 obtemp§ro, avi, atum, i, / 
 
 obey, cionjily with. 
 
 ocoidens, t'^'. 'i. the west, 
 
 the .setting .shh. 
 
 OCCido, i'li. isum, 3, / slay, 
 kill. 
 
 oocupatus, a. um, adj., en- 
 gaged, busy. 
 
 OCCUpo, iivl, atum, 1, / seize 
 upon, 
 
 oceanus, '. m., the ocean, 
 
 6culus, '. m., an eye. 
 
 6dium, ii. «•. hatred. 
 
 5dor, oris, m., a smell, scent. 
 
 oflf^ro. obtiili, oMiitura, of- 
 ferrt', 3, v. irr., J present. 
 
 Olim, adv., formerhi, once 
 uixm a time. 
 
 omnia, «. a^;-. all, every. 
 
152 
 
 INDEX TO VOCAnULARIES. — LATIN W0RP8. 
 
 ■ 
 
 A , 
 
 .11 
 
 iiiii 
 
 OKIIS 
 
 6nU3) 5ris, n.,aload,hiirden. 
 OpTi'a. RC,f., pains, labour. 
 oporam dare, to devote 
 
 onefdf. 
 
 oporteti flit. -. "■ impem., 
 it Ih'Iuivi'S. is vecessari/. 
 
 oppidum, i. w., a town. 
 
 OPPOnOi po-ffii, pOnltiini, ^, / 
 net agntnxt, op/xinf. 
 
 oppriinot pnssi, prcssum, 
 3, I prcstn npmu overwhelm. 
 
 oppugno, 11 vi, atum, i, / 
 attack, assault. 
 
 OptOi "vi, uUim, 1, / wish, 
 ilesire. 
 
 opulentus, «. um, adj., 
 
 wealth;/. 
 
 SpUBi "^rif. "-. a work. 
 
 0PU8< «• "'I'l adj., ivdcrl., 
 with abl,, need, rwcessiti/ ; ne- 
 cessa ry. 
 
 orai aPi/-. the coast. 
 
 oraculum, i. «•. an oracU. 
 
 oratio, unis,/., an oraf.ion, 
 ipeech. 
 
 orator) oris, m., an orator. 
 
 ordior, orsua, 4, v. dep., I 
 he/) ill. 
 
 orior, ortuf, onri, i,v. dep., 
 I rise. See j). I'i'i. 
 
 ornOt avi.fitnni, 1, 1 adorn. 
 
 orOi Mvi, ntuni, 1, I entreat, 
 
 OS, ^f'*"! "•. rt mouth, [pray. 
 
 08, oMsis, «., a bone. 
 
 p'.bulor, utus, 1,«. dep., I 
 J'oraije. 
 
 raliium, ii. »'•- a cloak. 
 
 paratus, ". "'". "^J- pre- 
 pared, ready. 
 
 parens, •■n-'*'. c., <? parent. 
 
 pareO, fi'. ittim, 2, with (itU., 
 / oliey. 
 
 pariO, pC'p'ii, and partum, 
 3, / bring forth. Fut. part. 
 pfirituiua. 
 
 paro, avi, atum, 1, I pre- 
 pare, ;/et, (jain. 
 
 pars, ii^,f., apart. 
 
 partior, itus, 4, «. dep., i 
 
 ihare, divide. 
 
 Darvus, a. uiii, adj., small. 
 Wile. 
 
 passus, ii><. ni., a jxwe 
 (about 5 feet). 
 
 pater, tris, m., a father. 
 
 patienter, adv., patiently. 
 
 patior, passus, 3, V. dep., I 
 endure, suffer. 
 
 vatrla, «<"./■, a native land, 
 iQuntry. 
 
 PLACET. 
 
 paucus, a, nm, adj.. few. 
 pauper, <''ri^', adj., poor. 
 
 paupertas, i'tis,/.,Fn't'Wy, 
 pavo, '"lis, '"•, a ]>eacock. 
 pax, \nicU,f., peace. 
 pecunia, ao,/., money. 
 pedes, itiH, TO., a foot- 
 soldier. 
 pedltatUS, l", m., infantry.} 
 
 /ellis, i!^, /-I « sAtn, Aitfc 
 an animal). 
 
 penes, prep, willi ace, in 
 the power of. 
 
 ■pisr,prep.\\\th ace, th rough. 
 
 percipiO, fCpi, ccptinn, 3, 
 I perceive. 
 
 perdo, <lidi, ditum, 3, / de- 
 stroy. 
 
 pereo, li, Hum, 4, / perish. 
 
 perfectus, a, um, adj.,fn- 
 ished, perfect. 
 
 perfero, ti'ili. latum, fono, 3, 
 XI. irr., I bear through, end lire. 
 
 periculum, i, n., danger. 
 
 peritUS, a, um, adj., skilful. 
 
 perlego, I'^bU lectum, 3, / 
 read through. 
 
 permulti, ae, a, adj. (pi.), 
 very viaii^i. 
 
 pernioiosus, a. "m, adj., 
 destructive. 
 
 perpetuus, a, um, adj., 
 continual. 
 
 perrumpo, rupi, ruptum, 
 3, 1 burst Ihroiiijh. 
 
 Persa, ao, m., a Persian. 
 
 persuadeo, asi, nsum, 2, 
 
 with dot., I }wrsuade. 
 
 pervenio, vini, vontum, 4, 
 / arrive at. 
 
 perversus, a, um, adj., toil- 
 ful, perverse. 
 
 petO» '^i ""<! ii> itum, 3, / 
 seek. 
 
 Phaethon, ontis, m., rhai'- 
 
 thon, a son of Apollo. 
 
 Phidias, "ao, TO., I'hidias, a 
 famous Athenian sculptor. 
 
 philosophus, i. TO. a phi- 
 losoplier. 
 
 Plget, plgTiit and, pigUum 
 est, pigCre, 2, v. imjieis., it 
 vexes. 
 
 pingo, pinxi, pictum, 3, / 
 paint, embroider. 
 
 pirum, i,n.,apear. 
 
 pirus, i,f.,a}iear-tree. 
 
 piscis, if,m.,afsh. 
 
 Pisistratus, i. to., i isis- 
 trains, a despot of Athens. 
 
 placeo, fli, Hum, 2, with 
 dat., I pUase. 
 
 placet, ftit or Itum .est, Ore, 
 2, «. impers., it pleases. 
 
 PBAEEO. 
 
 placidus, a, um, adj., 
 
 quiet. 
 
 plane. adv.,yaltogclher. 
 
 planities, fi./.. " plain. 
 
 planta, ac, /., a sprmit, 
 •plant. 
 
 Plato, i""ii^. TO , I'lato, a 
 famous (I'reek philosopher. 
 
 plenus, a, um, adj. with 
 gen., full. 
 
 PlinTus. li. TO., riiny, the 
 name of two Roman authors. 
 
 pluit, plui' or pluvit, plu- 
 Prc, 3, n. impers., il'rains. 
 
 plus, iiris, adj. (in pi. plti- 
 TCn, plura"), more. 
 
 poona, at',/., punishment. 
 
 roeni, oium, to. pi., the 
 Carthaginians. 
 
 poenitet, n'tult, nit'Tc, 2, 
 
 V. impers., it causes sorrow, 
 rejii nts. 
 
 poeta, ao, TO., a poet. 
 
 polliceor, Huh, 2, V. dep., I 
 promise. 
 
 Pompeius,<"ii,TO., rompey, 
 the rival of Caesar. 
 
 p5ne, prej). with ace., be- 
 hind. 
 
 pono, pOsQi, pOsTtum, 3, I 
 place. 
 
 pons, 'itit>, TO., a bridge. 
 
 porta, ac,/., (( gate. 
 
 portO, avi.atuni, I, I carry. 
 
 portUS, iiJ*. TO., (i harbour, 
 
 possum, poti'ii, poHse, V. 
 irreg., I am able, can. See 
 p. 76. 
 
 posUprep. with ace, after. 
 
 postulo, iivl, atum, 1, / 
 demand. 
 
 pStens, entis, adj., power- 
 ful 
 
 TJOtentia, ao,/., power. I.e. 
 pmcer from personal weight, 
 inlliience. 
 
 "potestas. atis,/., jpower, i.e. 
 magisterial power. 
 
 potior, itu8, 4, V. dep., with 
 abl., I take possession of, ob- 
 tain. 
 
 prae, prep, with aU., before, 
 in comparison ivith. 
 I praealtus,a,um,a<l/.,t'eri/ 
 li'i/h. 
 
 praebgo, "i. Hum, 2, / 
 furnish, afford, exhibit. 
 
 praeceptor, oris, to., a 
 
 teacher. 
 
 praeceptum, i. «•, precept, 
 
 instruction, lesson. 
 
 praeda, ao./. i'<>"t>j- 
 
 prao6o, H, Hum, i,J go b» 
 fore. 
 
 ' 
 
 ' li 
 
EEO. 
 
 II, um, adj., 
 
 ^aUiHjvther. 
 i,/., plain, 
 /., a fprmit, 
 
 TO, I 'Into, a 
 
 '.ilvlofi'iihcr. 
 uin, adj. with 
 
 m., PJwy, the 
 imian authort. 
 or pluvit, plu- 
 !., il'raiv.t. 
 \dj. (in pi. plti- 
 
 "C. 
 
 , punishment. 
 11, m. p^, (A« 
 
 (tuit, nlt'TC, 3, 
 •Muscs sorrow, 
 
 ., a poet. 
 
 UK, 2, V. dep., I 
 
 'ii,wi., Vompey, 
 
 sar. 
 
 witli ace, be- 
 
 pOsltum, 3, 1 
 
 r., a liridge. 
 
 fuiii, I, I carry. 
 71., a harbour, 
 ■)tiii, poHse, t». 
 t6/(;, can. See 
 
 vitli a<'c., after. 
 i, atum, 1, / 
 
 is, adj., poiveV' 
 
 \f., power. I.e. 
 '.rsonal weight, 
 
 \B,f.,power,\.c. 
 ver. 
 
 4, V. dep., with 
 ssession of, ob- 
 
 ?ith abJ., 6^or«, 
 
 ivith. 
 
 i\,nm, adj., very 
 
 li, Itutn, 2, / 
 
 I, exhibit. 
 
 , oris, TO., o 
 
 n, l,ti., precept, 
 
 /., booty. 
 tuiu, i, I go bo 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULARIES. — LATIN WORDS. 
 
 153 
 
 ' 
 
 FBAEFBRO. 
 
 praef ero, tali, latum, 3, v. 
 
 irreg., I jtri/er. 
 
 praemitto, nii«>. missimi, 
 
 3, / si'iid on lii/iiir. 
 
 praemiunii ••. «•, a re- 
 ward. 
 praesenSi ''"ti.s, adj., pn- 
 
 sent. 
 
 praeBtabilis, e, a^lj-, ex- 
 cellent. 
 
 praestane, ftiitis, wij., ex- 
 
 cellenl. 
 
 praesunii ffti. esse, v. irreg., 
 with dot., I am before, at the 
 head of. 
 
 praetfir. prep, with ace., 
 beside. 
 praetgreoi H, itum, 4, v. 
 
 irreg., I pass by. 
 
 praeteritUB, a, um, adj., 
 pixst. 
 
 praevenlo, vCni, veiitum, 
 
 4, / anticipate. 
 
 premOi pressi, pressum, 3, ; 
 fress. 
 
 primariusi a, um, adj., 
 Jirst-rate, eminent. 
 
 primo. adv., at first. 
 
 primunii adv., first, in the 
 first place. 
 
 pristinuSi a,um, adj., for- 
 mer, olden. 
 
 prius, adv., sooner, before. 
 
 pro, prep, with abl., before, 
 for, on behalf of . 
 
 probei adv., rightly, pro- 
 perly. 
 
 probitaS) fitis, /., honesty, 
 integrity. 
 
 prcbuSi a, um, adj., good, 
 upright. 
 
 prodo, dlJf. ditum, 3, / 
 hand dinc7i, betray. 
 
 proeliunii i>. n^, a battle. 
 
 profero, tuli, latum, ferre, 
 8, V. irreg., I extend. 
 
 prdfioiscori fectus, 3, v. 
 
 dep., f set.out. [deip. 
 
 profundus, a, um, adj., 
 
 progredior, gressus, 3, v. 
 dep., J adcance. 
 
 prohibeo, ui, itum, 2, / 
 keep off", prohibit. 
 
 prope, }>rep. with ace, near. 
 
 pr6p§, adv., nearly. 
 
 propinquuB, a, um, adj., 
 near. 
 
 propter, prep, with ace, on 
 account of. | 
 
 prosum, fiH. prMesso, v. \ 
 irreg., / am service xblcto, do 
 good to. I 
 
 prdvid6o, vidi, visum, 2, l \ 
 /o^xsee, provide. I 
 
 QUO. 
 
 proximus, n, um, sup. adj., 
 nearest, next. 
 
 prudens, utis «'(;., pru- 
 dint, sii(iiirii,iis. 
 
 prudontia, >ii\ /., know- 
 
 U'd(ji\ piiidilicc. 
 
 pruuum, >. ".,(' i>him. 
 
 prunus, >../'■. II phiin-tr,e. 
 
 PUblicUS, II, imi, adj., pub- 
 lic. 
 
 pudet, '"'it or puditum est, 
 ero, 2, V. imp'TS., it shmnes. 
 
 puella. 'If../'-, a girl. 
 
 puer, <5ri, »!., u 1)01/. 
 
 PUgna, M;f., a battle. 
 
 pugno, avi.fituin, 1, I fight, 
 
 pulcher, cm, crum, adj., 
 beautiful. 
 
 PunicuSi a. um, adj., Pn- 
 nic, (Carthaginian. 
 
 puuio, ivi, itum, 4, I pun- 
 ish. 
 
 pQto, livi, iltum, 1, / think. 
 
 Pythagoras, ae, m., Pytha- 
 goras, a famous Greek philo- 
 sopher. 
 
 quaere, quaoslvi, situm, 3, 
 / Seek, enijuire. 
 
 quaestiOi onis, /., a ques- 
 tion. 
 
 qualis, e, pron, adj.,' of 
 what sort, as. 
 
 quam, adv. and conj., than, 
 as. 
 
 quantus, la, um, adj., how 
 great. 
 
 quare, adv., why, 'on what 
 account. 
 
 quasi, adv., as if. 
 
 quatio, no'perf., quassum, 
 3, / shaJ-x. 
 
 quercus, uh,/., on oak. 
 
 quia, conj., because. 
 
 quidam, qnuciluni, quod- 
 duin and (luiddam, pron. in- 
 dif., a certain, certain one, 
 somebody. 
 
 Quidem, adv., indeed. 
 
 quint conj., that not (witli 
 subj.). See pp. 48, 97. 
 
 quis, quae, quid, pron. in- 
 terr.. who, which, what f 
 
 quisnam, quaenam, quid- 
 nam, interrog. prvn., who, 
 whidi, what I' 
 
 quisque, quacfiue, qundciuo 
 (and subst. quld(iue or quit- 
 qtie), indef. pron., every one, 
 tvliocrer. 
 
 QUO) adv., whither. 
 
 RE.SrONDKO. 
 
 qu5, conj. with subj., in 
 order that. Sco p. 9h, 
 quod, conj.. h('('iti/.<('. 
 
 i qudmlnus, <">ij. « iih suij., 
 
 (IkiI II, it. .Si'i' ]i. !H. 
 
 'luondam, 'k'i'.. tome time, 
 
 ^fminirhj. 
 
 qUOquS, cinij., also, eirn, 
 too. 
 
 <iu6ti iniUcl. adj., how 
 man II r 
 
 > quotidie, "<'''•. <'''"■!/ day. 
 qUUUli u(i«- and cunj., when. 
 
 R 
 
 radix, Ids,/., a root. 
 
 rapax, nels, adj., rapacious. 
 I rapiduB, a, um, adj., rapid. 
 1 rapIOi till raptuni, Ore, 3, 1 
 seize. 
 
 raro, adv., seldom, rarely. 
 
 rarus, a, um, a<(j., rare. 
 
 ratio, onis,/., rea.ion. 
 
 recitOt avi, atum, i, / read 
 aloud. 
 
 recordor, atus, i, v. dep., i 
 
 call tit uiind. 
 
 vecreo, avi, atum, l, / re- 
 frcfli. 
 
 rectus, a, um, adj., straight, 
 
 right. 
 
 recupero, »vi, atum, i, i 
 
 rccorer, get back. 
 
 rectiso, avi, atum, l, / ob- 
 ject, refuse. 
 
 redamo, avi, atum, \,Ilove 
 in return. 
 
 redeo, 'i. itum, 4, I return. 
 
 refero, rOtuli or nitnli, 
 rflAtum, rt'lVm', 3, v. irreg., 
 I bring back. 
 
 regina, ao,/., a queen. 
 
 regno, avi, atum, 1 , / reign, 
 avi king. 
 
 regnum, i. «•, a kingdnm. 
 
 regOj rcxi, rectum,;!, / rule. 
 
 Eegulus, i. m., I.egulus, a 
 famiius Human. 
 
 relinquo, liqui, lictum, 3, 
 
 / have, ijuit. 
 
 reininiscor, -l, / remember. 
 
 rpiicvo, iivi, atum, 1, J 
 make new again, restore. 
 
 reperio, P»ri, pertum, 4, 
 Ifind. 
 
 reS; r(^i,/., a thing. 
 
 resisto, nt'ti, wi. turn, 3, 
 witli dot., I resif> 
 
 resi'ondeo.di, ;m,2, with 
 dtnt., i aiisuxr. 
 
 t ! I 
 

 154 INDEX TO VOCABULARIES.~-LATTN WORDS. 
 
 
 ni' 
 
 t; 
 
 BETE. 
 
 rluB, i. w»., an accused wia7i, 
 definulnnt. 
 
 reverto, ti. sum, 3, / turn 
 hack, return. 
 
 reverter, versus. 3. v. d>p., 
 
 J turn back, return. 
 rex, n'KiH, W-. n king. 
 RliinUB,Uvi.. the Hhxnc. 
 
 RhodanuB, i. *»•' "" 
 
 ^' RMduB, i. /•. -K'^o'les- a« 
 ijlariii (/ arence. 
 rlpa, ae,/., aftanfe, store. 
 
 r6go, iivi. atuin, 1, / ask 
 Eoma. ae, /.. Home {the 
 
 city). 
 EomanUB, m.. a /Joffwn. 
 
 B6manuB« n. uni, (uO. 
 
 Eomlllus, i. m., Romvlus. 
 rosa, ae,/., ur««e. _ 
 EOBClUB, ii. »«•. ^io.'ctus. a 
 Howian. 
 rupes, *f'-/-« "'^■'^- , 
 
 s 
 
 [ SOLEO. 
 
 scribo.psi.Pt'un.S"^'""'"'- 
 scriptor, oris, m., a wn^r, 
 authiir. i 
 
 scutum, i. »!•. a •"'"•'''*■ ,. I 
 Scythae, »>■"»»- »»• i''-' "** i 
 
 .s'ci/thiiUis. .^, i 
 
 secundum, prT- ;^'''' 
 ace, f Mowing, in accordance 
 
 with. 
 
 Sed, conj., 5u«. 
 
 sedeo,Hr«».i^'^>^^"m'2-^s''' 
 segmttes, ^i, /.. sMhJul- 
 
 ness, indolence. 
 Bemver, adv., always, ei^r. 
 
 senatus, n^ m., the senate. 
 senectuB, ntis j.. oici age. 
 sensuB, lis. "'■. a ^«"^/v,,, 
 sentio, si, Bum, 4, I feel, 
 
 8§peiio, ivi or ii, imltum, 
 4, / bury. 
 
 ggijuor, BfScfltufl, 3,1). oep., / 
 
 follow. , . , 
 
 serenus, a. "m, cw^., cZ«a)-. 
 
 sermo, 6"'^- "*■• * "'*" 
 
 course. » , , , 
 
 sero. 85vi, siitum, 3, 1 plant, 
 
 servitQ8,iltK/-,fav^ry 
 servo, ri\i, utum, l, l pie- 
 serve, save. 
 servus, i, w., a stoe. 
 
 severus, ft. um, tuO- <«- 
 re re. 
 
 Bl, conj., if 
 
 Sicilia, Hc,/., S'tci/v. 
 
 sidus, tris. «•' a «""■• '^'^' 
 steUaiicn. 
 
 signuru, i, «-, « ^^on, "g- 
 
 8&0er, era, cnini, adj., sa- 
 cred. 
 
 flaep6, a*^"'. "/'*"•, v, 
 Baepeiium§ro, odu..o/<en- 
 
 eaepiaaime, a<iv-. ^'"'^ 
 
 often. 
 
 aagitta, ap./-. ""a*"^^'-, 
 
 Saguntini, Ormn, m. I'l-, , — 
 Sai;ttn<ines /to j)eoj,!e o/ sa- j "«;., ^. ii, „., .Hence 
 guntum xn Spam. \ BUenuuiU! ^ j 
 
 on isiand near Athens. 
 
 Sallustlus, ii. m., Sallust, 
 a Houan histoHan. 
 
 saltO, avi.atum, \, I dance. 
 
 ealus, oti^/-.s«/«'2/. 
 
 salvUB, a. uni, 0(0;. s<V«- 
 BanguiB, iiii^. «i- '".""■''■ 
 
 Bimilis, e. a<iJ'. f»'':«- ^^ 
 
 pp. 21, 25. 
 
 simul, <idv., at the same 
 
 Bimulao, siuiQi ac, adu,, o« 
 soan as. 
 simulacrum, >. «•- «« "" 
 
 »°V„?s„i«' "" ""Smo. »»'«■/■•-'»" 
 
 tubs., wise, . 
 
 sapientia, ao,/., ws.J<mi 
 
 sapiO, ivi or h, 3, 1 savour 
 of, taste, am wise. 
 
 Batis, afi"-. erwugh, suJJl 
 ciently. „ , . 
 
 UainUBi • . ' > ^j aonpanwn. 
 
 Roman. _• . ' Kknvaha \'* m., Socrates, 
 
 an2iiia Cris. n.. a cnjne. bocraies, '^, "*•' 
 
 BCIO, ivi. .turn, 4, n>unc. |9k^"V„ , ,;„^,o.c. 2. 1.. «., 
 
 tence. , ,, •*>, 
 
 Sine, P»'«i'- '^■i'''' ''^'•' ^ 
 
 out. ,. „ 
 
 socer, <5ri, m., a Jather-in- 
 
 law. 
 COCluB, ii.. m.. a partner, 
 
 BUOTEB. 
 
 SSlon, Cnis, m., Solon, the 
 Athi'tiian lawgiver. 
 
 Bblum, adv., only. 
 
 solus, a, um, adj. {gen. 
 sinii.niii,dat.i), alone. 
 
 SOlVO, wilvi, HOliituni, 3, I 
 loosin, pity. 
 
 somnus, i. m., ^''''i'- „„^ , 
 
 sonituB, n^. "»•. o soMTid, 
 
 sSror, ('irifl,/., a sisfer. 
 
 sors, tis,/., a lot. 
 Sparta, ao.y.. .sjiarta. 
 specie, obs., spcxi, spccPro. 
 3, I look. 
 
 Bpecto, avi, atum, i. / i«ofc 
 
 at, look on,Jbehold. 
 
 Bpeculor, atuB, 1, V. d£p., I 
 
 spy out. ^ . ^ , 
 
 sperattiflt a. um, adj., hoped 
 for. , . 
 
 Bpero, avl, atum, l, / hope. 
 Bpea, «,/.,tope. 
 splendidus, a, um, adj., 
 splendid, bright. . 
 
 splendor, oris, m., bngM- 
 ness„brilliancy. 
 Statim, o^' ^mediately. 
 StatiO, "»iP.^-«i'««''*''^ 
 tion. „ , - 
 
 statue, ui, otu'^> 3. I fi'^' 
 determine. 
 Stella, ae,/., a s<ar. 
 sto, ^tfti, Htutum, 1, / stana. 
 Btrenue, adv., vigorously. _ 
 strenuus, a, um, adj.,vf 
 norous. 
 
 I studgo, ai. 2, / om eayer, 
 zealous. . 
 
 studiSsus, a, um, ail;., 
 ttalou.'', eager after. 
 
 Btudium, ii, n.,teal, a pur- 
 suit, study. . „„ 
 stultitia, ae./-./'?"]/- ,, 
 Btultus, a, um, adj.Joolish. 
 Buadeo, t*"i>'''. suasum, 2, 
 viiihdat., I advise. 
 
 suavis, «. fl'^- *'^'> '^' 
 light ful. 
 
 B^b, F'"''i'- ^*^ ""^' °' 
 
 ace, beneath, under, up to: 
 of time, about. 
 
 Bubdiftlcilis, e, adj., tom£- 
 wluit difficult. 
 
 BUbeo, ii. iti™. 4. ^ fl"> WP 
 to, t/'ii't'r. - 
 
 Bubitus, a, um, adj., md- 
 den. , 
 
 subsequor, cttlus, 3, v. dep., 
 
 I follow up. 
 B\i\iB\m,noperf.,v.%rreg., 
 
 I am under, amongst. 
 
 Bubter, prep, witii <«;<;• '"' 
 
 a6(., under, beneath. 
 
 A' 
 
 c^^- 
 
' iLffSA""" ' '* ' "^ * 
 
 mb 
 
 n., Solon, the 
 
 e.r. 
 
 imhj. 
 
 11, ailj. {gen. 
 
 , ahme. 
 
 HOirituni, 3, / 
 
 I., sleep, 
 m., a sound, 
 
 ,, a sister. 
 I lot. 
 
 '., Sparta. 
 spcxi, spccPro, 
 
 fitum, 1, / U>ok 
 
 lid. 
 
 UB, 1, •0. d^-, t 
 
 um, adj., ftf/ped 
 
 itum, 1, / hope. 
 
 \ope. 
 
 , ft, um, adj., 
 
 •.t. 
 
 iris, m., bright- 
 
 nmediafely. 
 ,J.,a post, star 
 
 Otum, 3, I fix, 
 
 '., a star. 
 itum, \, I stand. 
 Iv., vigorously.^ 
 a, um, adj.,vi' 
 
 , 2, 1 am eager, 
 
 ft, um, adj., 
 ' after. 
 i\,n.,eeal,apur- 
 
 m,f., folly. 
 
 um, adj^foolish. 
 
 ui'iM, suasum, 2, 
 
 idvise. 
 
 , adj., tweet, de- 
 
 0. with abl. or 
 
 1, untter, up to: 
 
 It. 
 
 i\iB,e, adj., tome- 
 
 t. 
 
 Itum, 4, 1 go up 
 
 a, um, adj., iud- 
 
 ir.caius.a.udep.t 
 
 noperf.,v. irreg., 
 
 amongst. 
 
 prep, with ace. or 
 Uencaih. 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULARIES.— LATIN WORDS. 
 
 155 
 
 erMHUB. 
 
 SUiamaBi a. um, superl. 
 atlj., hii/he.st, ntnidsf, (jrealeU. 
 
 Siipgri pr-p. witli' ace. or 
 ahl., over. 
 
 siipSrOt "vi, utuin, 1, /<»itT- 
 come. 
 
 B&persumi ffli, t'^so, v. tv- 
 
 reg., I remain over, survive. 
 
 8&p§raSi III mil, (idj. {camp. 
 Hilpenor, superl. miiirLinus or 
 BunuuuH), upper. 
 
 BVLVtAfPrep.v/ithacc., above. 
 
 SUpremuSi a, um, wlj., su- 
 perl. of «ap(^ru8, highest; relat. 
 to timo, last. 
 
 BUSoipiOi cPpl, coptum, 3, / 
 undertake, 
 
 •&U8f ft. um, reflec. pron. 
 poss., his, hers, its, their 
 own. 
 
 t&bemilcill'ami i. n., a 
 tent. 
 
 l5o60i fii. Itum, 3, / am 
 tilent. 
 
 taedSti diilt or pertaesum 
 eat, 2, V. impers., it disgusts, 
 weariet. 
 
 talis, e, pron. adj., of that 
 tort, such. 
 
 tanii adv., to, to su.ch a 
 degree. 
 
 tantum, adv., only. 
 
 tauruSt 1, m., a bull. 
 
 tSffOi texi, tectum, 3, rcmier. 
 
 telUQlt i,n.,a dart, wtapon, 
 missile. 
 
 tgmfiritas, utia,/., reckless- 
 ness, rashness. 
 
 tempestasi atis, /., a tem- 
 
 pett. 
 
 {emplum, t, n., a temjile. 
 emjpUB, Oris, n., time. 
 
 tfineo, fii, teiitum, 2, / hold, 
 retain. 
 
 tener, era, Crum, adj., ten- 
 der, soft. 
 
 tSnais. c, adj., thin, deli- 
 cate, slender. 
 
 tSniis, jrrep. with ahl, 
 reaching to, as far as. 
 
 terra, ae,/., the earth, larul. 
 
 terr§0, til, itum, 2, / terrify, 
 frighten, alarm. 
 
 terror. Oris, m., terror, 
 alarm. 
 
 ThaleB, Ctis, m., Thales, 
 the philosnpher. 
 
 ThemistSples, is, m., rhe- 
 
 •SiiSnOCiiS, U Juiiious Athenian. I 
 
 DLLUS. 
 
 Tiberius, ii. m., Tiberius 
 {ac(iininnii iKiiinaiifnri-naiHt). 
 
 tigris, !■< or iilis, cim., it 
 tiger, tiijtrss. 
 
 timeo, fii, 2, Ifenr. 
 
 timidus, a, nm.ailj., timid. 
 
 timor, <ni><, m.,fi(ir. 
 
 TimothSus, ii, m., rimo- 
 
 theiis, af(vn(iu.<< d'rcik. 
 
 Titus (T,), i, "I,. Tifus (a 
 common Homan fire-name). 
 
 tonat, I'lit. Tiro, \, V. im- 
 pers., it thumkrs. 
 
 totus, a, um, adj., whole, 
 all. 
 
 trabs, trahis,/, a Uam. 
 
 tracto, avi, utum, i, / 
 handle, dual with. 
 
 trado, dldi.dltum, 3, / hand 
 down, deliver. 
 
 traho, traxi, tractun, 3, / 
 draw, drag. 
 
 tranquillus, a, um, adj., 
 
 calm. 
 
 trans, prep, with ace, 
 across. 
 
 transduco, duxl, ductum, 3, 
 
 / lead across. 
 
 trans6o, H. itum, 4, v. 
 irreg., I cross over. 
 
 TrasimenuB, i. m., the 
 
 lake Trasimene in Italy. 
 
 Trgbonius, ii, m., rre- 
 honius, one of Caesar's lieu- 
 tenants. 
 
 tribuo, Qi. fltum, 3, 1 give, 
 assign. 
 
 tristis, e, adj., sad. 
 
 triumpho, Avi, atum, i, / 
 triumph. See 1). 132. 
 . TroJa, ae, /, Troy, a city 
 tn .^li'i'a Minor. 
 
 TroJanus, d,um, adj., JVo- 
 jaw, of lYoy. 
 
 tugor, tnltus, 2, V. dep., I 
 gaze, guard, prUect. 
 
 turn, adv. ai)d eonj.. then. 
 
 turpis, e, adj., base, dis- 
 graceful. 
 
 turpitudo, Inis, /., dis- 
 crace. 
 
 turris, la,/., a tower. 
 tutus, a, um, adj., safe. 
 tuus, a, um, poss. pron., 
 thy, thine. 
 
 tyrannus, l, m., o despot, 
 tyrant. 
 
 u 
 
 ubi, adv., where. 
 uUus, a, um, adj. (gen. 
 sing. Uts, dat. sitig. i), aity. 
 
 VK81'EBA8CIT. 
 
 ultra, prep, with ace, im 
 
 llii hirtfier side if, l,ri/nnd. 
 
 un'iuam, '"'i'., utany time, 
 ever. 
 
 unus, a, um, adj. (gm. 
 si)ig. ii'iH, dat. siug. i), <""', 
 a^i»''. 
 
 urbs, uiliis,/., a city. 
 
 Ut, lilv. .uiil rnnj., as ; that, 
 in oriUr that. Sec p. il7. 
 
 uter, rii, rum, adj. (gen. 
 situ/, lu.s, dat. sing. 5), which 
 
 of tll'O. 
 
 Utilis, e, adj., useful. 
 Utor, iiBua, 3, V. dep., with 
 abl., 1 use. 
 uxor, Oris,/., a wife. 
 
 V&lSo, fill Hum, a, / am 
 strong, in good health. 
 
 valetuoo, Um,f., health. 
 
 validus, a, um, adj., strong. 
 
 vallis, is,/., o valley. 
 
 varius, a, um, adj., dif- 
 ferent, various. 
 
 vastO, rwi, atum, 1, I lay 
 waste. 
 
 vectigal, aiis, n., o tax. 
 
 vehementer, adv., vehe- 
 mently, ivantily. 
 
 veho, vexi, vcctum, 4, / 
 carry (in piusa., / ride). 
 Veientes, um, m. pi, the 
 eientes, th ' * - - 
 
 near Home. 
 
 , , ... pi 
 
 \eientes, the people (f Yeii, 
 
 :ar Home. 
 
 velox, 5ci9, adj., swift. 
 
 veneror, atus, i, v. dep., 
 I rev<.rcnce, worship. 
 
 Venio, veni, veutum, A, I 
 come. 
 
 venor, atus, l, v. dep., I 
 hunt. 
 
 ventitO; avi, i. v. freq., 1 
 comej requently. 
 
 ventus, I, m., the wind. 
 
 Venusia, ae,/., Venusia, a 
 town in Italy. 
 
 vet I veris, n., the spring. 
 
 vereor, hub, 2, w. dep., i 
 fear, reverence. 
 
 verislmilis, e, adj., likely, 
 irrotiable. 
 
 versus, us, m.,a line, verse. 
 
 versus, l>rep. with ace, 
 towards (only of place or 
 direction). 
 
 verus, a, um, adj., true. 
 
 yescor, 3, v. dep., with abl., 
 I feed, live on. 
 
 vesp^rascit, avit, ascCro, v. 
 impers., evening approachet. 
 
^W^ m- 
 
 WW 
 
 ^ 
 
 156 INDEX TO VOCABULATIIEH.— LATIN WORDH. 
 
 ■i r 
 
 Ki 
 
 VB8TA. 
 
 Vesta, ae, /.. vefta, the 
 goddtss of fire ami thf liiarth. 
 
 vester, tm, trum, ims. | 
 tiron., i/our, Mour». 
 
 vestimentuni, i. "•. «'""'- 1 
 ing. 
 
 vestio, Ivi, Itum, 4. / 
 clothe. 
 
 vestifl. *8. /•• cMhintj, a 
 garment. 
 
 vetus, vCUSriB, adj., old. 
 
 vexO) I'lvi, atuni, 1, / vex, 
 harass. 
 
 via, ttc./'i a way, rooa. 
 
 victor. Oris. »*■> <* '^<^' 
 
 nuernr. 
 
 victoria, ae,/.. victory. 
 
 vidgo, vidi, visum. 2. / je«. 
 
 videor, vlaus, 2, / «efm, 
 appear. 
 
 vlgtlo, avl, aium, I, / 
 watM, I am awake. 
 
 vix. 
 
 vilis, e, a<y-. <:''«ai'' «""■ 
 
 moM. 1 
 
 vinciO, vinxi. vinctuin. 4, / 
 
 ()n/(/. 1 
 
 vinco, vlii, victum, 3, / 
 cimiiucr. 
 
 Vinculum, '. "■• <» chain, 
 bond. 
 
 vinum, \,n.,wine. 
 
 virzOi '"is,/., a maiden. 
 
 virr^'ri, m.. a man. 
 
 virtus, litis. /. valour, 
 virtue, g<tod quality. 
 
 VIBO, visi, viHum, Xv.freq., 
 I look at often, vi^w. 
 
 VISUS, lis, m., a seeing, 
 looking, look. 
 
 vita, oe,/., h/«!. 
 
 vitupiro, avi, fitum, I, / 
 Uame,Jlml fault with. 
 
 vivo, vixi, victum, 3, Hive. 
 
 vix, oti"'. scarcely. 
 
 XBBXE8. 
 
 v61o, avi, fttum, 1, 1 fly. 
 
 VOlo, vOliii. vcllp, V. irreg., 
 I winh, am willing. 
 
 voluntas, "ti^> /•. <* "^**' 
 
 ivill. 
 
 voluptas, ruis,/., ;)?f:a*ure. 
 
 vox, voclH./.. a uoice. 
 
 vuln6ro, avi, atum, 1, / 
 wounil. 
 
 VUlnUS, '^ri*'. "•. <* "found. 
 
 VUltur, iiris. "'■> " vulture. 
 
 vultus, ri^.w*'.t'"""'«'"""^*» 
 looks. 
 
 X 
 
 X6n6ph5n, ontls. m., Xeno- 
 phon, an Athenian. 
 
 Xerxes, Ib, m.. -Yerxe*. a 
 famous king qf Persia. 
 
 INDEX II. TO VOCABULARIES. 
 
 ENGLISH WORDS. 
 
 r! 
 
 i ; 
 
 
 IIh 
 
 ABANUON. 
 
 A 
 
 abandon, J^sero, serui, 
 
 Bertuin, 3. | 
 
 able, be, possum, p. 16. \ 
 
 abode, dumlcillmn. ii. n. 
 
 about, circS. circum, circT- 
 ter, udu. and pj'«i). witli cux;. 
 
 above, supCr, sQpra, prep. 
 with ace. 
 
 abuse, ftbQtor. t^^s, 3, t>. 
 dep., witli aW. 
 
 accident, casus, ua, m. 
 
 accompany, cOmitor, utus, 
 
 1, V. dep. 
 
 accomplish, couf icio, feci, 
 
 fectuui, 3. _ 
 
 accordance, in — witn, 
 
 Bt'cuiiduui. prep, witii ace. 
 
 account oi, on, ">), proptor. 
 prep, witli ace 
 
 accuse, accuso, Hvi, atum, 1. 
 accused man, r6"s, i, m. 
 accustomed, to be, soioo, 
 
 UU8 sum, 2, p. «5. 
 
 aciltlire, adipiscor, eptus, 3, 
 V. dep. 
 
 oQfQan^ trans, prep, witll acc. 
 
 acti ^'B*^. CS>. actum, 3. 
 
 ALONE. 
 
 actively, KnrivitC-r, adv. 
 admire, niirur, admiror, 
 atns, 1, V. dep. 
 
 adorn, ("""o. iivi, atum, i. 
 
 advice, consilium, ii, n. 
 
 advise, suadco, si, sum, 2, 
 witll dat. ; mOnCo, ui. Hum, 2. 
 
 affliction, acnimna, M,f. 
 
 aiford, pracbOo, ui, ttum, 2. 
 
 after, post, prep, with acc. 
 
 against, ivivpi-sils or um, ^ 
 contra, 2>reps. with acc. 
 
 age, '^''Ws, ati^,/. _ 
 
 , old, Bfinectus, utis,/. 
 
 aged, i'a^"'. and atij., uatus, 
 a, um. 
 
 agree, con^entTo.si, sum, 4. 
 agreed, it is, constat, stitit, 
 aid, auxilium, ii, n. Cl- 
 air, I'lLT, aCris, m. 
 alarm, to, teni^o, ui, itum, 
 
 all, oniiiis, e, adj. l'^- 
 
 all, together, cuuctus, a, 
 um, adj. 
 
 allowed, it is, Hcct, p. 86. 
 
 ally, socius, ii, m. 
 
 almost, piopf', paenC, adv. 
 
 alone, solus, a, um; onus, 
 a, um, adj. 
 
 APPLE. 
 
 Alps, Alpcs, lum. Ml. pi. 
 already, jam, adv. 
 
 also, etiam, adv. 
 
 altogether, pianO, adv. 
 always, sumpir, adv. 
 ambassador, Kgatus, i. m. 
 amongst, i»tOr,i)»ei). with 
 acc. [P 31. 
 
 , to bOj iiitt'isum, 
 
 amuse, dClectu, avi, atum, 1. 
 
 ancestors, nin^iorcs, m. pi. 
 ancient, autiquus, a, um, 
 
 o^j- 
 and, et, atque, .ic, quP, conj. 
 
 anger, ira, ae,/. 
 angry, to be, irascor, Iru- 
 tus, ;i, I', dep. 
 animal, animal, alia, n. 
 , small, bt'siiOl.i, ae, 
 
 /• 
 
 another, cf several, alius, 
 
 ft, ud, indef. pron. 
 another, of two, altCr, ft, 
 
 um, iiidef. pron. [i. 
 
 answer, n'spondCo, di, sum, 
 any, n"ii^.a,ui".i"d*/-l"""- 
 an; time, at, unquam, adu, 
 appear, vidoor, visus, a. 
 apyic, liu'duiu. i, n. 
 
t'if'i^mttiitm 
 
 LEH. 
 
 im, 1, 1 fly. 
 
 !('\\p, V. irreg., 
 
 ivy. 
 
 ;is, /., a vnsh, 
 
 is,/., jiUasure, 
 
 ., a voice. 
 
 ri, atum, 1, / 
 
 , n., a wound. 
 , in., a vulture. 
 I. .countenance. 
 
 I 
 
 ontls, m., Xeno- 
 
 lian. 
 
 , m., Xerxet, a 
 
 f Pertia. 
 
 PPLB. 
 
 s, lum, wt. pi. 
 un, adv. 
 I, adv. 
 
 r, j>irinc, adv. 
 jinpOr, adv. 
 .or, lOgatus, i, m. 
 inl^r, prep, with 
 [p. 31. 
 to bej iiiteisum, 
 lectu.avi.atum, 1. 
 I, mn.iOrc.'), m, pi. 
 uutiquus, a, um, 
 
 que, :ic, quP, conj. 
 I, ae,/. 
 boi irascor, Iru- 
 
 iiiTraal, ulis, n. 
 small, bt'siiOl.v, ue, 
 
 cf several, ilUua, 
 pron. 
 
 of two, altCr, ft, 
 ron. [■■!• 
 
 ri'spondPo, di, s\iin, 
 i,a,um,ind«y.j:^ii'n. 
 , at) unquam, adu, 
 vl^i(^^>l•, visua, 2. 
 
 ruuiii, i, ?i. 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULAUIHS. — ENGLISH WOUDS. 
 
 157 
 
 APPLE-THEK. 
 
 apple-treei imiins, i./. 
 appoint, iiistitiKi, iii, utum, 
 3; I'll), I'actiis sum, 3, v. irr. 
 
 approach, to, ii])pn'pin-j 
 
 quo, adveiito, avl, Atiiiii, 1. 
 
 arms, annu, oriiui, n pi. 
 
 army, •■xcrcitus, Us, m. 
 
 around, tiiva, tinum, It'll: 
 and prep, witli ace; eiii-it<r, 
 ado. [X 
 
 arrange, iiistnn), xi. itutu, 
 arrive, luivrnin, in'ivrnio, 
 veni, vi'iituiii, t. 
 arrival, adviMitus, n-;. m. 
 arriving, '" '«- "" '■'"; point 
 
 of, advouto, .■ivi, rituiii. 1. 
 
 arrow, Hri;;itta, m-,/. 
 art, ur^. itis,/. 
 as, tiiuii ado. 
 
 as . . . as, tarn . . . quaui, 
 adv. , 
 
 as (conjX ut, ronj. 
 as if, qui'isi, cinij. 
 
 as far asi i<'iM>, prep, with 
 abl. 
 as soon as, simuKsinuilac. 
 
 ascertain, wguosco, novi, 
 
 iiituiii, 3. 
 
 ask, ri'i^o, '""vi, rituiii, 1. 
 
 assault, Dl'l'UKii", avi, 
 atum, 1. 
 
 assign, triiiuo, w. ntum, 3. 
 
 aSSistt'idji'^''. .i''\'i•jl''""l••l• 
 aSSi8tance, iKixilimn.ii. n. 
 
 asSUagOf mollio, ivi, ituiii, 
 at, m\, prep, v.ith a<x\ [1. 
 
 Athenian, AtiiC'iiicnsis, e, 
 adj. 
 
 Athens, Ati. ' .0, arum, /. 
 
 pi. 
 
 attack, impetus, fis, 7)1. 
 attack, to, <'ppugiii», avi, 
 
 iituu), 1. 
 
 attain tOi udipiscor, o]itus, 
 3, V. dep. 
 
 attempt, cdnor, atus, 1, V. 
 dep. 
 
 attentive, attentus, a, imi, 
 adj. 
 
 attentively, attc;nte, adv. 
 
 author, scrii)tor, oris, m. [/. 
 
 authority, auttoritas, litis, 
 
 autumn, auitummis, i, in. 
 
 awakei to be, vigiio, avi, 
 fitum, 1. 
 
 B 
 
 bad, mftlns, a, um, adj. 
 bank, ripa, ae,/. 
 base, turpis, c, adj. 
 battle, pugna, ae,/. ; proe- 
 llum. ii, n. 
 
 Pr. L. I. 
 
 BIUDOE. 
 
 bet tO' *"^'"' *"'' '^'"'' P- ■^®- 
 
 — in, among, itc- sec com- 
 
 pmiiids of sum, p. 31. 
 beam, trabs, trabis,/. 
 bear, tiro, tuli, latum, p. HO. 
 
 through, pirfOni, etc. 
 
 beast, l»'.-tia, at',./'. 
 
 , ijnat. liclifia, iw,f. 
 
 , small, iH'stlfila, ae,/. 
 
 beautiful, pulcher, era, 
 
 enun, ivlj. 
 
 because, 'I'l"^. qu'M. ctmj. 
 bocau.3e of, oh, proptor, 
 
 pri jijK \\ illi nee. 
 
 become, fio. p- 84. 
 becomes, it, decet, p. ne. 
 
 before, auto, prep, with 
 cue. ; i)iai', prep, with abl. 
 
 beg, pOto, ivi ,iiid ii,itum, 3. 
 
 begin, iiicipio, cCpi, cep- 
 tuiu, 3. 
 
 beginning, luitium, ii, n. 
 behalf of, on, pro. prep. 
 
 Willi al>l. 
 behind, poui^./Dr^j.with ace. 
 beiioves, it, I'lpi'i't'''. v- >*0- 
 believe, crudo, didi, ditum, 
 
 3. 
 
 beneath, '*i'i'>. •^whK'x.prep. 
 
 \\ itli wc. and abl. 
 
 beside, praetor, prep, witii 
 aee. 
 
 besiege, obsldik), sGdi, ses- 
 sum, 'J. 
 
 betake, conKro, tuli, cul- 
 latuiu, t'ern>, 3, v. irr. 
 
 between, inter, prep, with 
 ace. [tu-c. 
 
 beyond, ultra, prep, witli 
 
 bind, vincio, xi, iictum, 4. 
 
 bird, ftvis. is,/. 
 
 black, iiiRtT, gra, grum; 
 ater, atra. Strum. 
 
 blame, tuipo, avi, atum, i. 
 
 , subs., culpa, ae,/. 
 
 blockade, oi.sidio, onis,/. 
 
 blood, HaiiRuis, Ini.s, m. 
 bloom, Hur(!0, iii, — , 2. 
 blossom forth, efliOresco, 
 flora i, 3. 
 blow, flo, avi, iitum, 1. 
 body, corpus.Cris, n. 
 bold, audax, acis, adj. 
 bond, viuei'ilum, i, n. 
 bone, On. ossis, T». 
 book, Hber, bri, to. 
 booty, praeda, ae,/. [dep. 
 born, be, iia.scor, natus, 3, t>. 
 
 boundary, finis, is, m. 
 
 boy, puer, tSri, m. 
 ■bow, arcus, Qs, m. 
 brave, fortis, e, adj. 
 bravely, fortitsr, adv. 
 bridge* p*>»b. tis, to- 
 
 cast IXiWS. 
 bright, spleiiiJIdus, a, um, 
 
 bring, f^ro. p. so. [adj. 
 ~~~— in, 'fc. SCO com- 
 
 JlOUUds of fero, |). HI. 
 
 bring to an end, r:nto, 
 
 Ivi.itum.'l; coufiiio, icci, foc- 
 tum, 3. 
 bring forth, paiio, pi prri, 
 
 paitum, 3. 
 
 Britain, Hritmuia, ai',./". 
 Briton. Hi 'i iuiuH, i, ni. 
 
 broad, latu--, .i. mu, u IJ. 
 brother, frater, tris, m. [l. 
 build, aedifieo, iivj, .itum, 
 building, aedificium, ii, n. 
 bull, t iiHus, i, m. [I. 
 
 bury, sipeliu, ivi, pultum, 
 
 burden, "ims fris, n. 
 
 burn, tran.1., <;iceiido, di, 
 sum, 3. 
 
 burn, intrans., ard.o, si, 
 sum, '.;. 
 
 burnt down, to be, de- 
 
 flif-To, avi, atum, 1. 
 
 business, nei; 'llum, ii, n. 
 
 busy, oeeupriiu-i, a, \un, adj. 
 
 but, '^I'd, ailteui; .see Vocab. 
 21. p. l.iO. 
 
 buy, I mil. cmi, (uiptum, 3. 
 
 by, ii, ab, abs, pup. with abl. 
 
 call, vi'ico, avi, atum, 1, 
 
 — -together, convCico, avi, 
 iituin, 1. [1, «. dfp. 
 
 call to mind, rrc(,rdor, :.tus, 
 
 calm, traiKiuillus, a, um, 
 atlj. 
 
 camp, castra, Oram, n. pi. 
 
 can, pi'Ssuin, p. 76. 
 
 cannot, nOqueo, ivi or Ii, 
 Itum, I. 
 
 cannot but, I, PicOre noc 
 possuui nuiti. [1. 
 
 care. take. cnro,avi, atum, 
 
 careful, dihueus, ntis, adj. 
 
 carefully, diiiK'uti'i-, adv. 
 
 carry, jmrto, avi, atum, 1. 
 
 carry on (war), gcro, gessi, 
 
 gostum, 3. 
 carry a wall, murum 
 
 duco, xi, cluin, 3. 
 
 Carthage, Carthago, iiiis,/. 
 
 Carthaginian, subs., I'oe- 
 
 rnis, i, in. 
 
 Carthaginian, adj., Car- 
 
 thagiuieiisis.e. 
 
 cast away« abjicio, jcci, 
 
 Jectum, 3. 
 
 cast down, dfjiclo, jecU 
 Jectum ; allligo, xi, <<tum, a. 
 
 
 
158 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULARIES. — ENGLISH WORDS, 
 
 u.i;ii 
 
 CAST FOKTII. 
 
 cast forth, out.yicio.jcci, 
 
 Jcctuiii, .i. 
 
 oatcix, ti'ipio. cGpi, cup- 
 
 tuin, 3. 
 
 Catiline, ('MtUin.i, ao, m. 
 
 cause, fiuH.i, ac,/. 
 Cavalrv, t'quititns, ua, m. 
 celebrated, clams, u, mn, 
 ailj. ; luiliilis, •'. (iilj. 
 century, ci'iituiiii, up,/. 
 certain, citIhh, u, uni, adj. 
 Ciiain, vinciilum, i, n. 
 caance. '-isns, us, »»i. 
 
 -, by, fiirti', cfisu. 
 
 change, muti', vi, ritum, i. 
 
 C.irgSi iiiiuiili), ."ivi, Atiiin, 1. 
 
 cilariot, 4i!i I'l.-, us, m. 
 
 chastise, cubtigo,iivi, aturu, 
 1. 
 
 cheap, vilis, o, adj. [1. 
 
 caeer, fxliiirm), avi, Mtmii, 
 
 cneerful, ii'iruis, c, (uij. 
 
 cheese, casous, i, m. 
 
 cl'.yrish, '''l". ui, fultum.S. 
 
 Crerry, crrasuin, i, n. 
 
 Cf.errv-tree, c- rr.sns, i,/. 
 
 children, liixTi, orum, to. 
 pl. 
 
 Cimbrians, Cimbri, orum, 
 m. pl. 
 
 citadel, nrx, arcis,/. 
 
 citizen, <''vis, is, c. 
 
 citizenshiT); ci vitas, atis,/. 
 
 Citv, urh::, urbis,./. 
 
 civil, hfhmijing to a citizen, 
 civilis, 0, (('0'. 
 
 clear, clariis, a, um, adj. 
 
 Oloak, lialliinn, ii. ?i. 
 
 Clothe, V. -I::.. Tvi, ituin, 4. 
 
 clothing, vest IS, IS, /. ; 
 vesthnt Mtiim, i, v. 
 
 cloud, iiubr'S, 5s,/. 
 
 coasl., M-A, M',/. 
 
 cohort, coliors, rtis,/. 
 cold, Mfius, oris, n. 
 colony, ''f'loiiia. ac,/. 
 colour, fi'lor, ill-is, VI. [4. 
 Como> vi'iiic^ vGiii, Ventura, 
 
 — " frequently, voutuo, 
 
 iiri, atum, 1. 
 
 come to pass, fio, factus, 
 
 flCri; SOP p.:8». 
 
 commander, impCrator, 
 Oris, HI. 
 
 commission, mandatum, 
 i, n. 
 
 common, vilis, e; commu- 
 nis, e, adj. 
 
 commonly, ^^rs, ado. 
 commonwealth, respub- 
 Ica, rOTimblicaP,./". 
 companion, tora's, Itis, c. 
 comparison, ini pnic, 
 
 prep, w ith ace. 
 
 CLT OFF. 
 
 comrade, sMus, il, m. 
 
 concornin;!, ^K,prep. with 
 all. 
 
 confess, fatC'or, fassus ; 
 coiil'it'iir, fi'ssiis, 2. 
 
 conilagration, incnuitnin, 
 ii, n. [turn, 3. 
 
 conquer, vinco, viii, vif- 
 
 cou'iueror, victor, oris, m. 
 
 conscience, coiis(;lentia, 
 ap, ./'. 
 
 conspiracy, coujQratio, o- 
 
 nis,/. {ii- 
 
 constellation, '^'<i'i^. '"ris, 
 
 COnSU:, i"iisiil, iilis, 7/1. 
 
 , o;;Ice of, cijiisrila- 
 
 tus, fis, m. 
 
 consult, coiisulo, lui, 
 Ituiii, 3. 
 
 consume, absumt), sumpsi, 
 
 '^uiapi iiiii, :i. 
 
 contemplate, contomplor, 
 
 . lus, 1, (V dfji. 
 
 contented, contcntus, a, 
 
 Mill, ndj. 
 conLinual, p"vp:tnus, a, 
 
 llIU, (Ulj. 
 
 contrary to, contra, pnp. 
 
 with aiv. 
 
 f-'jlivorco, ci)115(iuor, 15cu- 
 tU^,''3. 
 
 Corinth, Cnrintlius, f,/. 
 correct, corrlgo, rexi, rcc 
 tuni, 3. 
 counsel, consilium, ii, n. 
 count, nuiiu'ro, avi,,iturii, 1. 
 
 countenance, vultus, us,m. 
 country, ms, mris, «. 
 
 , one's, patria, ao,/. 
 
 cover, ti'go, xi, ctum, 3. 
 cowardice, iguavla, ao,/. 
 create, cn"o, avi, atnm, 1. 
 creator, creator, oris, m. 
 credible, crtdiiiilis, e, ailj. 
 Crete, Creta, ao,/. 
 
 crime, sc(5ius. Oris «• 
 
 crop, mcssis, is,/.; frugcs, 
 um,/. pl. 
 
 cross over, transOo, 4, p. 83. 
 
 crown, corfiria, ao,/. 
 
 cruel, crfuiriis, c, adj. 
 
 crush, opprimo, pressi, 
 pri'ssum, 3. 
 
 cry out, clamo, exclamo, 
 avi, atum, 1. 
 
 cultivate, osio, coiui, cui- 
 
 tUTll, 3. 
 
 cultivate carefully, ex- 
 
 colt), coliii, cultum, 3. 
 
 curb, cOercSo, ui, itum, 2. 
 
 current, fiumen, luis, n. 
 
 custom, consuctfido, iuis,/. 
 
 cut oflt'i intcrcluilo, si, 
 BU.a, 3. 
 
 DIB. 
 
 dance, salto, ftvi, I'tum, l. 
 dauirer, pt'rii'iilum, i, n. 
 ('-au>''orou8, jii'riciiirwus, a, 
 11111, adj. 
 dare, audOo, ausus sum, 2. 
 
 p. >... 
 daring, audax, iu;i8, adj. 
 daringly, audacti^r, ado. 
 darken, obscuro, »vl, lUum, 
 dart, Ifliiin, i, n. [1. 
 
 daughter, niia, ae,/. 
 (11 ', dii -. ti. III. and/. 
 (! jad, iMortiu. , a, uui, adj. 
 deal with, tracto, avi, a- 
 
 tUIII, 1. 
 
 dear, cams, a, uiu, adj. 
 death, '""rs, rti.s,/. 
 deceive, dOcipio, cepi, cpp- 
 tiiiii, ;i. 
 doed.abold, daring, faci- 
 
 iius, (iris, ri. 
 
 deew. alt us, a, um, adj. 
 
 defeat, da.ics, is,/. 
 
 defend, drtondo, i, sum, S. 
 
 defendant, roua, i, to. 
 
 dt4icate, trnaiB, e, adj. 
 
 delight, di'lfcto, avi, ii- 
 tum, 1. \e, adj. 
 
 delightful, dulcis, suAvia. 
 
 delightfully, jucuud(5,a<it>. 
 
 deliver, libiro, avi, atum, i. 
 
 demand, posttiio, avi, a- 
 
 tlllll. I. 
 
 deny, n'''P<>. fivi, Stnm, i. 
 
 doiiart, fxipilo, cpRsi, ce»- 
 suui, 3; mij;ro, emigro, avi, 
 Mtuni, 1. [turn, 1. 
 
 deiilore, doploro, rivi, »- 
 
 deserve, mCn'or, itus, 2. 
 
 desire, to, capio, Ivi aud 
 ii, '■ 11111, 3. 
 
 desive, studium, ii, n. ;cfl- 
 piilitas, atis,/. 
 
 dest'ise, contemno, mpsi, 
 mptimi, 3 ; aspernor, atUH, 1« 
 V. dep, 
 
 d^.'SVi0t, tyrunnus, i, m. 
 
 ClostitUte, iiK'Iis, lipia, adj. 
 
 destroy, perdo, didi, di- 
 
 tlllll, 3. 
 
 destruction, exltlum,ii,«. 
 destructive, pemicloBos 
 
 a, UUI, adj. 
 
 deter, deterreo, Qi, itum, 2. 
 
 cfetermine, constttfio, tti, 
 utuni, 3. 
 
 devote oneself, 5p6ram 
 do, dOdi, datum, dare, 1. 
 
 devoted to, addictoB, a» 
 
 uni, adj. 
 die, mSrior mortaos, 3> 
 
 .1*; I , 
 
iivi, I'tum, 1. 
 Cilum, i, n. 
 )Cricuir)ituR, 0, 
 
 dUHua Bum, 2. 
 
 ;, iOcis, adj. 
 lactPr, ado. 
 iro, fivi, litum, 
 , n. [1. 
 
 HI, ae,/. 
 
 II. uiniy. 
 
 , 11, uui, adj. 
 Tiicto, iivi, A- 
 
 , uiu, adj. 
 
 rtiH,/. 
 
 pio, I'cpi, cpp- 
 
 daring, tMi- 
 
 , 11 m, adj. 
 
 I, is,/. 
 
 ido, i, sum, 3. 
 
 I'US, i, TO. 
 
 fiis, e, adj. 
 ;'cto, iivi, fi- 
 fe, adj. 
 iulcifl, suiTvia, 
 Jucund(5,a<it>. 
 o, rivi.atum, 1. 
 stCilo, avi, a- 
 
 vi, fitnin, 1. 
 ill), ccRsi, ces- 
 , ijinigro, avi, 
 [turn, 1. 
 )loro, 11 vi, »- 
 vor, itiis, 2. 
 I'lpio, ivi and 
 
 mi, ii, n. ; cfl- 
 
 itemno, mpsi, 
 !rnur, atutJ, 1« 
 
 muR, i, m. 
 lojis, 6]n8, culj. 
 rdo, didi, di- 
 
 I exltluni,ii,ii. 
 pcmicidsoB 
 
 CO, Qi, itnm, 2. 
 coiistttiio, fii, 
 
 self, OpSram 
 dare, 1. 
 , addictOB, a» 
 
 nortaos, 3. 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULARIES. — ENGLISH WOKDS. 
 
 159 
 
 IlIFFICULT. 
 
 diffloult, <litri(:nis, o. adj. 
 
 difficult, somewhat, "nb- 
 
 diflicllis, !•, wlj. 
 
 dig, fiVlii), fodi, fossnin, 3. 
 
 diligence, diliKi-iitia, no,/. 
 diligent, diligonH, mis, m/j. 
 
 dina, cwno, iivi m utus 
 aiim, riiiiin, 1, p. H5. 
 
 disaster, cituios, !»,/. 
 
 discern, cemo, crCvi, crC- 
 tum, 3. 
 
 discharge, fuiiRor, nctus, 3, 
 
 V. dep. with aid., p. 71. 
 
 discourse, sfrmo, ojiis, m. 
 
 discover, dOtOgo, te.xi, tec- 
 tnin, 3. 
 
 disease, morl)us, l, m. 
 
 duembark, tmn*., o.xpono, 
 
 pfiHUi, posituni, 3. 
 djsgrace, turpundo, inis,/. 
 
 disgraceful, turpis, c, adj. 
 
 disgusts, it, tiii'iU't, 2, p. HO. 
 
 cUsnonest, imprObus, a, 
 nm, adj. 
 
 dishonestr, fmus, iiis,/. 
 
 dismiss, dimitto.niisi, mis- 
 Bam, 3. 
 
 displease, dlspiicoo, ul, 
 Itam, 2, with dat. 
 
 disposed, affcctus, a, um, 
 adj. 
 
 distance, longiiuiuitus, ta- 
 tia,/. 
 
 distant, longinquus, i, uiu, 
 adj. 
 
 distant, to be, absum, p. 
 
 31. 
 
 distinguished, insignis, e; 
 ggrOgius, a, iini, adj. 
 
 distrust, JiHiJo, isus sum, 
 3, p. M5. 
 
 disturb, turbo, iivi, fitum, 
 1; ludvco, movi, motmn, 2. 
 
 ditch, fossa, ae,/. 
 
 divide, supiiro. iivi, atum, 
 1; divido, iai, isum, 3. 
 
 divine, divinus, a, um, adj. 
 
 do, fiicio, feci, factum, 3. 
 
 dog, catiis, is, c. 
 
 doUDt, dubito, avi, atum, 1. 
 
 doubtful, diibius, a, um, 
 adj. 
 
 dove, cOlumba, ao,/. 
 
 drag, draw, tniho, tiaxi, 
 tractum, 3. 
 
 draw together, contriiho, 
 traxi, tractum, 3. 
 
 draw up in order, i»- 
 
 Btnio, xi, ctum, 3. 
 
 drink, blbo, i, Itum, 3. 
 
 drive out, expello, puli, 
 pulsum, 3. 
 
 duty, miinnB, Cris, n. 
 
 dWdU* li&blto, avi, atum, I. 
 
 ETEItr ONE. 
 
 E 
 
 eager after, ptodiosus, a, 
 
 um, adj. with yen. 
 
 eager, be, «tud?o. 61, — , 2. 
 
 eagle, miuila, ae,/. 
 ear, auris, is,/. 
 
 earnestly, vcshCmeutiir, 
 
 uiagnc'ipOri^, adv. 
 earth, terra, ae,/. 
 
 easily, fticiic, wi». 
 
 easy, i ileitis, e, adj. 
 eat, C>i". Cdi, esuin, 3. 
 educate, tJiluco, avi, atum.l . 
 elegant, eii^gans, ntis, adj. 
 elei'hant, Cl^'Tbantus, i, m. 
 
 eloquent, cioquous, mis, 
 adj. 
 
 embark, mivcm (naves) 
 conseeudo, di, sum, 3. 
 
 embroider, piugo, pinxi, 
 
 piotum, 3. 
 
 eminent, oximius, cgrC- 
 
 gius, a, um, adj. 
 empire, imp* rtum, ii, n. 
 employ, iidliibio, tli, itum,2. 
 
 encourage, hort-or, atus, i, 
 
 V. deji. 
 end, finis, is, m. 
 
 — , put an end to, nuTo, 
 
 ivi, itum, 4. 
 endure, piitior, passus, 3; 
 
 f iTu, p. HO. 
 
 enemy {public), hostis, is, c. 
 
 (j>ersonal), inimicus, 
 
 i, m. _ [adj. 
 
 engaged, occupatus, a, um, 
 
 enjOV, fnior, itiis and ctus, 
 3, V. dcp. with abl. 
 
 enmity, Inimlcltla, ae,/. 
 
 enough, satis, adv. 
 
 emiUU-e, quaero, quaesivi, 
 quaesitum, 3. 
 
 enter, intro, avi, atum, i . 
 
 entice, lacio,3(ob«.), p. 120. 
 
 entreat, "ro, avi, atum, 1. 
 
 envy, invldla, ae,/. 
 epistle, fpistola, ae,/. [3. 
 esteem, dil'go, lexi, lectnm, 
 eternal, aeternus, a, um, 
 adj. 
 Europe, I'-uropa, ae,/. 
 even, a*'/, aequus, a, um. 
 , canj., Otiam. 
 
 evening comes on, ves- 
 
 pGrascit, 3, v. imptrs., p. Hi. 
 
 ever = at any time, un- 
 quam, a . 
 
 ever ~ always, semper, 
 ado. 
 
 every, omnis, e, adj. 
 
 every day, qu6tidie, adv. 
 
 every one, qulaque, quae- 
 
 PKIHT. 
 
 quo, quiKi(iiic, and suM. qulc- 
 que (qiiiiliiiii'\ nrori. 
 
 evident, it is, couHtut, sti- 
 tit, 
 
 evil, miMum, i, n. 
 
 example, e xcmplum. I, n. 
 
 excellent, pnu'stans, antis ; 
 praestabilis, e, cuij. 
 
 except, praoter, j"^''!'- ^"^ 
 ace. 
 
 exercise, to, exent'o, ni, 
 
 Itum, 2. [2. 
 
 exhibit, pniei)fo, ui, itum, 
 
 exhort, hortor, ftdliurtor, 
 iitus, I. 
 
 exile, pxlltura, ii, n. 
 
 , live in, e.\lllum 
 
 Agd, ^^i, .■utiiiii, 3. 
 
 experienced, ptVitus, a, 
 
 um, (I'/j. 
 
 extend, prOftTo, tali, latum, 
 ferre, 3. 
 
 eye, ocuius, l, m. 
 
 fable, fabuia, ae,/. 
 fall, (-'I'lilo, cCi'idi, cJsum, 3. 
 faith, fides, ei,/. 
 faithful, fidelis, e; fidus, 
 a, um, adj 
 
 famous, iiobilis, <\a<tj. 
 far, loiige, adr. 
 
 -— and wide, longc 
 
 latequC. 
 
 farther, too far, longius, 
 
 ocie. ciimp. 
 
 father, p^'iter, tris, m. 
 
 father-in-law, sOcer, Brl, 
 
 fault, euljM, ae,/. [m. 
 
 fault, find, vitupf^ro.culpo, 
 iivi, .viuiii, 1. 
 
 favour, grntia, ae,/. 
 
 fear, luctus, us; timer. 
 Oris, m. 
 
 fear, to, nuHCi<>, i, fitum, 3; 
 tiineo, fii, — , 2; vf^reor, itiis, 
 
 feeble, doi.iiis, e, ndj. [2. 
 
 feed on, vescor, with aW., 
 3, V. dtp. 
 
 feel, sentio, ;!, sum, 4. 
 feign, siiiuilii, iivi, atum, 1. 
 
 fellow-citizeu, 'ivis, is. c. 
 fellow-soldier, eummilito, 
 
 onis, 7»i. 
 few, paucus, a, um, adj. 
 fidelity, fides, ti,/. 
 field, ''ger, gri, m. 
 
 fierce- fi-rox, (h- ndj. 
 fiery, mcuie oj igueus, 
 
 a, um, adj. 
 fig. fig-tree, f >cu8, i,/. 
 
 fight, l'-'h">'. avi, alum, I. 
 
lOO 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULAUIES. — ENGLISH W0UD8. 
 
 «■ 
 
 ! n 
 
 Ml 
 
 FKillT. 
 
 ii^ht (« battle), comniitto, 
 imim, inissiiin, 3. 
 
 flndt rOpi'iio, jH'Ti, portiiiii, 
 -4; iiivOiiio, vciii, viMituiii, 1. 
 
 find fault with, cuipcj, 
 
 ■vltfiiifro, ii\ i, Mtuiii, 1. 
 
 finisht conl'klu, fed, f('C» 
 tuiii, ;j. ['I'U- 
 
 finished, ixrfoctus, a, um, 
 
 fire. iK'i'^. ' '. '"• 
 
 = aiiijlinjmtion, In- 
 
 cenUlnni, il n. 
 
 fire, be on, -ii'i''". «i. «"in. 2. 
 
 lirst (.''<'''•)> I'i'iiiio, pniMinn, 
 u (. . [""I. ii'lj. 
 
 first-rate, rriinanim, «, 
 fnh, pisi Is is, m. 
 fix, ' '14'J. li^'. ti.\mii, 3. 
 
 flatter, ailiiinr, ^n ii>, i , im/c/). 
 flattery, aduirit:... , nis,/. 
 floe, I'lHi'i. IVil;!. lui-'ltum, 3. 
 
 floe to, (nlllugUl, \\V^\, 3, 
 
 i^3et, tlii^^in, is,./. 
 ?03h, luir.i, ciiniis,/. 
 
 Uov^er, "'J^, oris, »i. [■ I'. (?(»/>. 
 
 fOiloW, HCHUlor, t^ciulus, 3, 
 follow UW, eubsCquor, 
 Cfitlis, S, V. Jfp. 
 
 foil)', Ktiiltitia, ae,/. 
 .foolish, stuitu-;, ,'i, uni, adj. 
 
 loot-soldier, p<'<ii's, itis,7/i 
 
 lor U"''-'l'-'>' l"""t 7"''i'- ^vitli 
 abl. 
 
 for {conj), iiiwii, fniiii,f('nj. 
 
 torage, palnilor, atii.s, 1, t>. 
 dcj). 
 
 forced marches, maxTiua 
 
 ItiliriM, 11. pi. 
 
 forces, ojiii I-, "i-mii,/, ji)i. 
 forehead, ii'iis, tis,/. 
 foresee, piuvicko, vidi, 
 
 visum, 2. 
 
 forget, oliliviscor, litns, 3, 
 V. d< i>. with yen. [p. 83. 
 
 form {apiiiii^, iiiC'o, 4, HT., 
 
 former, piistlnua, a,.uii<; 
 
 prior, >is, a(jj. [adv. 
 
 formerly, rillm, quondam, 
 
 fortification, nuuiiiuen- 
 
 turn, i, 11. ; nujciiia, iuin, n. pi. 
 fortify, niuiiio, ivi. itum, 4, 
 
 ibrtune, (oitrma, ae,/. 
 ortunate, f''iix, lols, adj. 
 ountain, f<"is. "tis, m. 
 rame, tO» fabrico, avi, 
 Stuiu, 1. 
 free, liber, 5ra, Cruni, adj. 
 freedom, iibertas, rais,/. 
 freely, libcre, adv. 
 friend, uuiicus, i, wi. 
 friendship, aniTritia,ae,/. 
 frighten, torn o, ui, itum, 2. 
 from, a (ab), de, prep, with 
 
 UKIK\0L'UI.T. 
 
 fruit, fructus, fls, m. 
 full, I'lfnus, a, tini, adj. 
 function, nuinus, i'tis, n. 
 funeral, ITmus, f'ris, n. 
 furnish = sui.ply, iiraubeo, 
 Gi, Uuui, 2. 
 
 G 
 
 gain = p«^ oht'iin, pi^ro, 
 fivi, atum, 1. 
 
 game, Indus, i, m. 
 
 garden, hortus, i, m. 
 
 garment, vistis, Is,/.; 
 vcstiiiK'iituin, i, n. 
 
 gate, porta, ae,/. 
 
 gather, b-Ko, ir^d, icotum, 3. 
 
 together, coiiti..;io, 
 
 traxi, tractuiii, 3. 
 
 Gaul, '■ illia, ap, f. 
 
 gaze, tniMir, itUH. 2, r. (?fp. 
 
 general, impriator, ons, m. 
 
 j:ot, gain, P^to, avi, ■■turn, 
 I ; ailijiiMor, ejitus, 3, o. d' p. 
 
 get back, rriupCro, avi, 
 
 'dUIII, 1. 
 
 get together, <'oiiipilro, avi, 
 
 fitum, I ; cogo, ci'ii gi, cOactuiu, 
 gift, doiHini, I, n. [3. 
 
 gU'l, i)uella, a(',/. [1. 
 
 give, <lo. 'If^di, (latum, dare, 
 glide, bilior, laiisu8,3, y. i/*7*. 
 glory, gloria, ae,/. 
 go, fo, ivi or ii, irS, Itum, 
 
 4, V. irr. 
 
 go in, out, »tc., see comps. 
 
 of Oo, p. 83. [3. 
 
 go to see, vTso, visl, visum, 
 God, I>' lis, i, m. 
 
 goddess, iii'ii. lit'./. 
 
 gods, of the, divinus, a, 
 urn, adj. 
 
 gold, uunim, 1, n. 
 
 golden, aurt^us, a, uni, adj. 
 
 good, bonus, probua, a, um, 
 aoQ. 
 
 good, iubs.y b5num, i, n. 
 
 good, do, to, prosum, p. 31. 
 
 goods, bona, raum, n.pl. [i. 
 
 govern, gubi'rno, rivi,Htuui, 
 
 grandfather, avus, l, m. 
 
 grass, grrmicn, inis, n. 
 
 great, magnus, a, um, adj. 
 
 great, how, quantus, a, 
 um, rel. adj. 
 
 greatly, magnfipCrP, adv. 
 
 Greece, <jraecla, ae,/. 
 
 Greek, 6reoian> Oruecus, j 
 a, um, adj. 
 
 griefi dOlor, Oris, m. | 
 
 grieves, it, p^gi't, piguit & | 
 pigltum e«t, pigure, 2, v. im- ' 
 p^rs. I 
 
 grievously, grfiviter, adv. f 
 
 lldl'K, 
 
 ground, iiunius, f./. 
 guard, to, custrMiio, tvI, 
 
 itum, I ; lui'iT, Itus, 2. I', (lep. 
 guardian, custoH, odis, n*, 
 guilt, si:Oliis, «riB, n. 
 guilty, "oxlus, a, um, o<y. 
 
 H 
 
 habit, consurtndo, inis,/. 
 
 hails, it, giatidln.it, avlt, 
 
 hand, manus, Cs,/. 
 hand down, trado, prOdo, 
 
 didi. diliiin, :i. 
 
 handle, tracto, avi,, tuui.l. 
 
 happen, fio. faitus sum, 
 fiiri, I', irr., p. 84. 
 
 happv, li' iitiis, a, um, (U^ 
 
 ha,Miily, bratr-, ailv. 
 
 harass, vc.\o, avi, Htum, i. 
 
 harbour, portus, fis, m. 
 
 hard, durus, a, um, atlj. 
 
 hardship, labor, oris, m. 
 
 hare, bjnis, oris, m. 
 
 hasten, contendo, di, sum 
 ,t tuiii, 3. 
 
 hatred, Mium, H, n. 
 
 have, ii'iboo, ni, itum, 2. 
 
 — .rather, prefer, maio, 
 
 iii, malle, irr. v., ji. 77. 
 
 head, rni-ut, itis, n. 
 
 . be at the, praesnm, 
 
 fui, ^vitli dat., ]>. ai. 
 
 health, valOtudo, Inla,/. 
 
 health, be in, vuloo, fii, 
 itum, 2. [3. 
 
 heap up, oxtruo, .\i, ctum, 
 
 hear, audio, ivi, itum, 4. 
 
 hearing, audit us, ns, w». 
 
 heart, it'""., cordis, n. 
 
 heat, ador, Oris, m. 
 
 heaven, co( lum, i, n. 
 
 heavenly, I'ocieatis, o, adj. 
 
 heavily, graviter, adv. 
 
 heavy, gravis, e, adj. [1. 
 
 help, adjuvo, juvi, .jPitum, 
 
 helpless, iners, ertis, adj. 
 
 high, alt us, a, um, ailj. 
 
 . very, praealtus, a, 
 
 um, adj. 
 
 highest, .«iimmuB, a, nm, 
 aitj. sup. 
 
 his, hers, gen. of is, Sa: 
 wlion ridfrriiig to subject, 
 suus, a, um, pass. pron. 
 
 hold a levy, delectum 
 
 hjbfo, ui, Itum, 3. 
 
 hold together, continCo^ 
 
 fii, eiitum, 2. 
 lionesty, prOWtaa, fitis,/. 
 nonour, honor, 5ris. m, 
 hope, to, ppCro, n vi, SAam, 1, 
 
 I :':■'? 
 
INDEX TO VOCABULARIES. — ENGLISH WORDS. 
 
 1(51 
 
 us, f./. 
 
 •ustrjiiio, ivl, 
 im, 2, I', (lep. 
 ■iti)H, Oil is, m. 
 Srio, n. 
 I, 0, un), cu^. 
 
 Mo, Inls,/! 
 .rullii.it, I'lvit, 
 
 fie,/, 
 trfulo, prOdo, 
 
 , avi, . tuin, 1. 
 filltlH rtUUl, 
 I. 
 
 , a, uni, eu^i. 
 f", adv. 
 ;ivi, Httim, 1. 
 
 Ua, flS, 771. 
 
 iini, atlj. 
 ir, Oris, tt*. 
 is, m. 
 lulo, di, sum 
 
 , II, «. 
 
 i, Ituni, 2. 
 
 refer, inSIo^ 
 
 p. 77. 
 
 iy, 7). 
 
 le, pracsnm, 
 
 il. 
 
 lo, Inis,/. 
 
 1, vi'tlOo, fil, 
 
 [3. 
 uo, xi, ctum, 
 i, itum, 4. 
 
 US, us, 771. 
 
 lis, n. 
 s, m. 
 n, i, n. 
 Icatis, e, adf, 
 t(5r, at£i>. 
 
 0, adj. [1. 
 juvi, jntum, 
 
 1, ertis, adj. 
 um, CM/.i. 
 >riioaltua, a, 
 
 nuB, a, nm, 
 
 1. of Is, Sa : 
 to subject, 
 pron. 
 'f dSIectnm 
 
 r, oontlnSo^ 
 
 toa, fitis,/, 
 : 5ris, m, 
 nvi, atam,!. 
 
 HOPE. 
 
 hope. "pps. ci./- 
 
 hoped for. fperatus, a, uiu, 
 
 horn, coniu, Qs, n. 
 
 horse, iquus, i, tti. 
 horse-soldier, oquOa, Uls, 
 m. 
 hostage, ii1)n<h, idis, c. 
 
 hour, li'irii, ac,/. 
 
 house, <li'inuis, fH ; sff p. 22. 
 
 how great, <iii:iiiuis,a, um, 
 rel. adj. 
 
 how many, <iuOt, t>tdec?. 
 rci. ai/;. 
 
 human, linmaDU!!, a, um, 
 culi. 
 
 hunger, frimcs, is,/. 
 
 hunt, vi'imr, Mtiis, 1, 
 
 hxirt, harm, uc<v''i>, ui, 
 ltu:n, 2, Willi dat.; ubsum, 
 with dat., p. ;}1. 
 
 hurtful, iioxius, a, um, 
 
 hurtful, to be, obsum, 
 
 with dat., p. 31. 
 
 husbandman, agricma, ac, 
 
 if, 8i, conj. 
 
 if, as, quiYsi, conj. [f. 
 
 ignorance, iiriMnitio, onis, 
 ignorant of (be), igiioro, 
 ivi, iituiii, 1. 
 ill, adj., iiiuliw, n, uni, adj. 
 —, adv., Muili', ado. 
 illness, morhus, i, m. 
 ill-will, invulia, ;i.',./'. 
 
 ill-wishing, ni;iiov.,ius, a, 
 um, aitj. 
 
 image, imago, Inis, /.; 
 fliniuU'ii.'runi, i, n. 
 
 imitate, imitor, fitUB, 1, 
 V. tie/). 
 
 immediately, stfitim, m/u. 
 immenye. nigciiH, tis, adj. 
 immortal) immortalis, e, 
 •adj. 
 
 unmortalit7i immortall- 
 tas, atis,/. 
 
 impair, infringe, frggi, 
 ifractuni, 3. 
 
 impiety, impious, uefas, 
 
 n. indec. 
 
 improve, Smendo, avi, g- 
 tura, 1. 
 
 impmdenoe, imprudentia, 
 
 in, into, Jn, prep, with ace. 
 and abl. 
 Indeed, quldem, conj. 
 in4(>lenoe, ignavia, ae ; 
 
 IJ T —ij. 
 
 indolently, ignave, adv. 
 
 KIND. 
 
 indulge, indulgfo, bI, turn, 
 
 2, with dat. 
 
 LIK. 
 
 kindlr, hriiiK'iM\ adv. 
 
 king, rix, r.gis. m. 
 
 industrious, Industrtus, h, , to bo, r« giu. avl, a. 
 
 um, adj. I tuiii, 1. 
 
 infamous, infnmlH, o, adj. kingdom, i wwm, l, n, 
 
 infamy, innimiu, no,/. i kuoe, i^' "'i. us, m. 
 
 infantry, p'Mitatus, ns, m. i know, s^'". ivl and II, 
 
 inferior, inferior, Uis, (u(/. ! itum, I. 
 comp. I know not, m *t'i», ivl an I 
 
 infinite, InflnltuB, a, um, li, itum, i. 
 
 ailj. 
 infirm, debilis, c, adj. 
 inhabitant. incJl.-i, ae, c. 
 
 knowledge, stu nti.i, pro- 
 
 dc Mtia, ac, /. 
 
 knowledKO, withov.t, 
 
 injure, oh.-mni, itir'il or of- liam. j.- ■■;■ ukIi ace. and abl. 
 fui, (iliis.sc, wiih da', p. 31; known, nolus, a, um, a^?. 
 iiiiofo, (li, Uum, 2, with dat. i 
 
 injurious, noxiu.s a, um, L 
 
 adj. I ** 
 
 innumerable, innumOruB, ' labour. I'dmr. nris, m. 
 a. ""'. "'O- I lake, l'"us, us m. 
 
 inquire, mgo. -ivi, ritum, i ; ; lament over, di pioro, hvI, 
 
 quiUTO, (iua(',>ivi, qua,s]tiliii,3. atuui, I. 
 
 insect, bt'stioi.i. u •,/. 
 institute, institu.), ai, ri- 
 tum, 3. 
 instrument, iu'^trumcu- 
 
 tuiii, i, n. 
 
 integrity, prnbUas, ritis,y, 
 intellect, mens, tis,/. 
 intercept, intcrcludo, si, 
 sum, 3, 
 
 invent, rf^pi'rTo, yM, per- ; ituui, i 
 
 land, tirra, ao, /. ; figer, 
 gri, m. 
 
 laucuaKO, liiii?ua, a^,/. 
 iarco. iii,i'.;nu-, a, uui, adj. 
 
 last da.*'. SUpll llIU^ llirB, 77». 
 
 last, at, ili'iiiuui, adv. 
 Latin. I.^ninus, a, um, adj. 
 
 1,IW, ''■X. l<Ki'',/ 
 
 iay waste, va.sto, 5vi, 
 
 tuiii, 4; fingo, fni.xi, ticiiiiii, 3. 
 iron, IVrruiii, i, n. 
 
 island, insuli^ a<-,/. 
 
 Italy, iUilia, ao,/. 
 
 its. 8UUS, a, um, puss. pron. 
 
 Join, J'lngo, xi, ctum, 3. 
 
 (battle), profliuin com- 
 
 mitto, riiisi, missum, 3. 
 
 journey, iter, UinCriB, n. 
 
 joy, gaudluiu, ii. n. 
 
 joyful, laetus, a, um, adj. 
 
 Judge, judex, Icis, 77». 
 
 , to, judico, fivi, a- 
 
 tum, 1. 
 
 judgment, Judicium, ii, n. 
 
 just. Justus^ a, uni, adj. 
 
 justly, Juiste, adv. 
 
 E 
 
 keen, Scor, crls, ere, adj. 
 keep off, pr<ihibOo, UI, 
 Itum, 2. 
 
 keep guard, vigiio, avi, 
 
 atum, 1. 
 
 kill, Interficio, feci, fectum, 
 3. 
 
 kind, b«nigTius, a, um, adj. 
 
 lay siego to, oiisuiro, iOdi, 
 
 Sl'.-sUU), .' 
 
 lead, iluci), \i, ctum, 3. 
 — - across, tr.iusdiU-o, xi, 
 ctum, :). 
 lead out, tMuio, \\, ctum, 3. 
 leader, 'lux, du<iy, c. 
 learn, •li'-t", Uuiuti, ~, 3. 
 learn in addition, a<l- 
 
 dlsii), (lidici, 3. 
 
 learn — axrertain, cognofl- 
 co, nn\i, iiitum, 3. 
 
 learned, dent us, a, um, adj. 
 leave, icuniiuo, nciui, lic- 
 
 Uini. 3. 
 leg, crua, uriH, n. 
 
 legion, I' t^io, ("mis,/. 
 
 length, l^ngitudo, inis,/. 
 lest. "e. IK 97. 
 
 lest, and, "evo. 
 
 letter of the alphabet, 
 
 utera, m\J. 
 
 letter an epistle), lltfirae, 
 arum,/, pi. ; fpLstola, ae,/. 
 
 letter? literature, I'tfi- 
 
 rae, aruu . pL. 
 
 levy, liilictus, us, m. 
 
 liar, lying, uuudax, Sola, 
 subs, and adj. 
 
 lictor, litior. Oris, ;;i. 
 
 lie (on the ffrfruiiii), JfttCo, 
 iii. — , 2. 
 
•^ 
 
 162 
 
 INDEX TO VOOABULARIEH. KNijf ISH WOKDS. 
 
 '.»' 
 
 Ml! 
 
 ! I 'I 
 I, i 
 
 'I 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 UR. 
 
 lie (to ipeak falitly), men- 
 tlor, itim, 4, V. (J«'/». 
 lieutenant, iiKfttus, i, n». 
 
 life, ^'ta, ac,./. 
 
 light (a<0 ). I'vis '■. culj. 
 
 lisht (««''•''■). 'iix. inriH,/. 
 light, it becomes, lucfscit, 
 
 ;i. imfy.ra. v., p. H7. 
 liphtning, fiilimn, tnis, n. 
 like, HlmiliH, p, adj. 
 
 likely, vrTisimiUs, o, ai/j. 
 likeness, iimiK". inls,/. 
 limit, fi'i'K. "'• 
 
 , to, f i'l'i'.Tvi.Itum, 4. 
 
 line of battle, iniPs. t'./- 
 lion, I*;". ""'^- "»• 
 little, parvus, II, uni, culj. 
 live, vivo, vlxi, virtuiii, 3. 
 live on, vp^cor, with aW., 
 .1, V. dejt. 
 
 live in exile, fxiUum Ago, 
 
 i'gi, actum, ;i. 
 Livy, liivlus, ii, m. 
 load, "luiH, Cris, n. 
 lofty, i'''1n>ih, a, uni, adj. 
 long (adj.), li>nj;us, a, uui, 
 
 long (i<i"). <iiri, (((ir. ['('/j. 
 lookat, ^I'l't'". "^^1,11111111, 1. 
 
 upon "i" into, intuOor, 
 
 tultns and tiitus, ■,!, v. dep. 
 looks, viilttis, us, m. 
 
 loosen, Koivii, fiolvi, s('iiri- 
 lord, ii'ii>ii"'i'^i ',"»• [tuui,3. 
 lot, ^o'"*', rtis,/. 
 love, liiu". avi, atum, 1 ; 
 dlllpo, li'xi, Icctnni, a. 
 
 love in return, rodamo, 
 
 avi, atuin, \. 
 
 lovely, amaWlis, *■, adj. 
 
 IOW, lulmilis, (', adj. 
 OWer, iuKrlur, ius, at?;', 
 comp. 
 
 luckily, <'5ncUcr, adv. 
 lucky, reiix, icia, adj. 
 
 M 
 
 Macedonian, MacCdo, do- 
 ni?, m. 
 
 made, fiictin, affoctus', a, 
 imi, part, and adj. 
 
 made of fire, i;'ni5xis, a, 
 nm, 0(1^. 
 
 madness, fi'iror. '"ris, m. 
 
 magistrate, mfiKistratus, 
 
 Qs, m. 
 
 magnificent, nuiguificus, 
 
 H, uin, (i'(;. 
 
 maiden, virfj;o, fnis,/. 
 
 maintain, s'fvo, avi, a- 
 tnm, 1. 
 
 make, f'""'", fPci.Cdctum, 3. 
 
 man, lidmo, inis, c. ; vir, 
 vTri, "I. 
 
 HARROW. 
 
 managei g-'ry, Rpw'. bc3- 
 
 tuin, :i. 
 manifest, nmnifpstuB. a, 
 
 maniple, manlpulus, i, m. 
 
 manner, mo*. "i<>ri», m. 
 
 many, ni.iltu.^, a, um, (vij. 
 
 many, how, qu^. "'Miec. 
 re/, ui/;'. 
 
 many, very, pomuilil, ac, 
 a, oilj. 
 
 marble, maminr, (iris, n. 
 
 market-place, f fimm, i, n. 
 
 master, dmulnus, l, m.; 
 magistcr, tri, m. 
 
 measure, to, metior, mon- 
 
 rtUS, 1, di-p. [11, (i<7>. 
 
 med ate, mc'diior, iitus, 1, 
 
 meet, to, fi^^xio, ivi and Ii, 
 Uuni, I. 
 
 mellow, mollis,?, adj. 
 
 membrane, membraua, ae, 
 /• 
 
 memorable, mCmOrabiiis, 
 e, adj. 
 
 memory, mPmfirla, ae,/. 
 
 motal, mt^lallum, i, n. [1. 
 
 migrate, niigro, iivi, atum, 
 
 mild, mitis, e, adj. 
 milk, liic, lactis, n. 
 mind, mens, ntis,/. 
 mindful. mCmor, (^ris, my. 
 miserable, niisor, era, i^- 
 ruui, oiij. 
 mistake, error, nris, m. 
 
 , make a, ci' , avi, 
 
 atum, 1. 
 
 mistress, dSmina, ae,/. 
 
 money, pi'cfmia, ac,/. 
 
 month, iiK'usis, is, m. 
 
 monument, mOmimentum, 
 
 moon, luna, ae,/. [i, n. 
 
 more, P'U'. p'Qris, neut. 
 adj. ; in pi. plures, a. 
 
 mortal, mortalls, 0, adj. 
 
 mother, mator, tris,/ 
 
 mound, agger, Cris, m. 
 
 mount, to, consceiido, •■ 
 sum, 3. 
 
 mountain, mons, ntis, r%. 
 
 mouth, OS oris n. 
 
 move, uioveo, mOvi, mil- 
 turn, 2. 
 I much, multus, a, um, ad}. 
 
 i multitude, muititrido,iiii,-, 
 
 '/• 
 
 ! my (mine), mcus, a, um, 
 poss. prctn. 
 
 N 
 
 name, nomen. Inis, n. 
 narrow, argustus, a, um, 
 adj. 
 
 ovv. 
 
 native-land, pitrim ae,/, 
 nature, nairna, a,./. 
 naval, navuiiM, ,■. ,idj. 
 near to ( prtp.), i.rnj..', ad», 
 near {adj.), pn'iiiinquus, a,. 
 
 um, adj. 
 necessary, nOceMsurius, iw- 
 
 um, adj. 
 
 necessity, iif'<'""<ita», atls,.. 
 
 need, <5p"». indec. tub$^ 
 Willi all], and cO'. 
 
 needful, luUtssariiH, a, am*. 
 adj. 
 
 needle, acus, ns,/. 
 
 neither, muter, tra, tram,- 
 xndej'. priiii. 
 
 neither, nor, nOquC, nCc,. 
 eonj. 
 
 nest, "M'ls, i, m. 
 
 net, '■eti', is, n. 
 
 never, nmiquam, adv. 
 
 new, iii'ivus, a, uiM, adj. 
 
 next, proxlinus,u, uin, cu^ 
 tup. 
 
 night) nnx, noct!",/. 
 
 nightingale, lu^t.nlo, ae^ 
 
 no, none, nullus, a, um,. 
 
 indej. prtiii. 
 
 noble, iioMlis, 0, oJj. 
 
 nobody, no one, nemo, 
 
 inis, c. 
 not, "'"'", liaud, adi'. 
 nothing, miiii, indec. subs. 
 nourish, nntri(>,ivi. itaro,4, 
 now, ii'inc, .iaiii, adv. 
 
 number, nupnius, i, m. 
 nurture, uutrio, ivi, uuuv 
 
 
 
 oak, qucrcus, fis./. 
 
 oath, jusjurandum, Jurisijn- 
 rai'.di, 7i. 
 
 obey, pareo, ttl, itum, 2; 
 Obeiliii, ivi, itum, 4, witii dat. 
 
 ibiect, rfcuso, Hvi, atum, I, 
 b' ■ 'Je, obsciirus, a, um,- 
 
 u ^oyr7" {.•arefully'), con-- 
 'eii; >r, : ih, l, v. dep. 
 
 r/u uili, piiro, avi, li -.in. If 
 iidipi, ■■ ir^ adeptus, 3, if. dep. 
 
 obtain possession of» 
 p5tior, Itus, 1, 1'. di'p., \\ itliaM^ 
 
 ocean, ocOnnus, i, m. 
 
 often, sippe, adv. 
 
 , ver/, saepissTmS, adv.. 
 
 oftentimes, saepenumerS, 
 adv. 
 
 old, senex, sPnis (of pe^ 
 sons only); vetus, 6ris, adj. 
 
 / 
 
s. 
 
 INKKX TO VUCAliUI.AUIES. — ENOLIHII WORDS. 
 
 1(53 
 
 iiuiuui, JurfsJC- 
 
 I tti, itum, 2; 
 D, 4, with dot. 
 ii>, Hvi, Htuin, I. 
 HCiiriis, a, um,- 
 
 ire/ultij), con- 
 , V. dep. 
 
 ), avi, li iin, 1; 
 us, 3, If. dep. 
 
 ssession of» 
 >. di'p., wxihabl,- 
 iiiR, i, ni. 
 , adv. 
 
 appissTniC, adv^ 
 sapjir'tiiinn'rS, 
 
 ppnis (of pe^ 
 us, griri, adj. 
 
 I>. 
 
 , p.if rim ae,/, 
 ira, ;ii,/. 
 in, f, (idj. 
 ;».), I'mjH'', ad9,r 
 |iro|iiiiquiM, a,. 
 
 nOcensurlus, IV 
 
 inili'c. rub$.9 
 
 
 
 issarhH, a.uiD^ 
 
 . ns,/. 
 
 UiT, tra, truiu, 
 
 4 
 
 r, nfquC, nCc,. 
 
 i, m. { 
 
 n. 
 
 UiiiM, adv. 
 
 11, uiii, rut;. 
 
 lUH.u, uin, cu^ 
 
 lOCtl",/. 
 
 , IuslIiiIo, ae^ 
 
 nullus, a, nm,. 
 
 s, p, fl.?;. 
 one, nemo. 
 
 111, adr. 
 
 ill, t)((/(;c. xu6*. 
 
 rii>,ivi.Uiiro,4, 
 
 iiiii, adv. 
 
 I'lrius, i, nt. 
 
 triu, ivi, Itum*. 
 
 /■ 
 
 OLD AUK. 
 
 old age. «cncctn«. nti«,/. 
 
 OldeUi ."itii|iiiiM, a, mn, adj. 
 one of tue two, hIut, u, 
 
 nui, itiiUj. finni. 
 only, niiluin, adr. 
 
 onseti ii>ii»HuK, iiH, M. 
 
 0'>|)Obtl, iv^i'l", Htlli, ft' 
 
 tuiii, :i, \wili dal.; uiipugiio, 
 svi, tinii, 1. 
 
 oraclei iirrmiiuni, i, n. 
 
 oration, "liitui, onix,/. 
 
 orator, "ininr. uns, »». 
 
 order. jiii>w. jussi, jus- 
 mm, 2. 
 
 ornament, "riiruuiiitmu, 1, 
 
 n. ; (Ircus, (irii, n, 
 
 otner. of tvo. iiit'r, m, um, 
 
 >.ildt:J , I'liiii. 
 
 overcomet suiioro, avi, 
 
 aliiin, 1. 
 
 ovorwhelm,'irprinu),pri'a8i, 
 pro-tuiu, 3. 
 owe, ought, tit'"'", (li, 
 
 Hum, i. 
 
 owing, it is, lier(,tp) t^tat. 
 ox, I""*. ''^'^ '^1 <-• 
 
 pace, p:<i»sus, us, m. 
 pain, ilol'ii-, .iris, m. 
 \>aiu3, to take, euro, uvi, 
 atuia, I. 
 paint, iiii'i-'". iixi, ctuni, 3. 
 parent, (nn'iis entis, c. 
 part, |i-"x. tis./. 
 partner, socius, i, m. 
 
 y-rh:, 1' •, 0V3r, praotfTc'n. 
 Ivf uiil: Vi. ituiu. 4. [(). tif I. 
 
 ^i'l,-'f> a , ii ■ ^ '•'"■, lapsuf '( 
 .^■^oV jil, traiisiH), ivi 
 or II, iiuiu, 4. 
 
 pass (come to), f 'o, factus, 
 
 Cfivl, Jt. Mt. 
 
 passion. iiilii<lHas, ails,,/'. 
 past, pr.ictrritiis, a, uni, 
 pr.vh, vi:i. Hi',/. [adj. 
 
 padence, p aifutia, ao,./. 
 patiently, li;itli^'nti^r, ado. 
 peace, p'ix,-piUis,/. 
 peacock, piivo, onis, m. 
 pear, piruui, i, n. 
 
 pear-ti«e, I'i'"^. './• 
 pearl, margiinta, ap,/. 
 
 perceive, Bpntu>. si, sum, 4. 
 perfect, perfectus, a, um, 
 
 perish, pCrPo, intCrCo, Ivi 
 A:id ii, ituni, 4. 
 
 persnado, persnadCo, si, 
 ^xstr., 1, ■-■•itli diit: [adj. 
 
 perverse, pcrversus, a, um 
 
 I'RKWNr. 
 
 philOBOi b«. phMf.MflphuH, 
 
 i, m. Ivuiii, :i. 
 
 I pillBKO, ''irlplo, ripiii, ri'p- 
 
 pitci a onmp,cui)trii ponu, 
 
 IHJMiii, [ I'mi'iiiii, 3, 
 I Pity, nii-rrmr, Itus aiul 
 I rtiis, 2, 0. ilep.; iiiIh. ret, nil- 
 
 ■.ntum p»<t, I), imfttrs., witii 
 
 place, ii'*"us, I, n. [.'/«■»'• 
 
 i , io, coIKm., uvJ, II- 
 
 i tuiu, I. 
 
 j plain, pi''">it'&'. t*../"- 
 I plan, rdtmiliuui, ii, n. 
 
 1 plant, I'laiiUi, lie,./'. 
 
 i plav. luilii, Hi, Hum, X [adj. 
 
 ] pleasant. Jucumlus, n'. um, 
 1 pleasantly, jrn^^uniic, .j.ir. 
 I please, iiiacpn, ai, itum, 2, 
 i Willi lUU. 
 
 pleases, it, placet, uit, v. 
 impiiis., p. -0. 
 
 llea2iug,K ■iitus,a,um,iiiy. 
 
 I'laasure, \''il>ipt)u:<, utis,/. 
 pient/, <.iip"a, IIP,/. 
 plum, pniimiii, i, .5. 
 plum-tree, prunus, i, f. 
 
 plunder '..'^u.lis. ),i>ra('da,ap,/'. 
 
 — , to, diripio, ripui, 
 
 reptum, 3. 
 
 poem, carmen, iuis, n. 
 
 J'Oet, pf'C'ta, UP, m. 
 ?omuey, I'omppius, li, m. 
 poor. puiipiT, i>ris, a<lj. 
 portrait. iimiKi), iiii.s, f. 
 
 post, stutio, oiiiH,/. 
 poverty, paupi-.tas, 'at\^,f. 
 
 power, potputiii, ai', /. i 
 
 piHcstiui, atis,/. 
 
 power of, in the, pCnCs, 
 
 prej). with ace. 
 
 poworial, pultons, tis, atlj. 
 
 praise (suus.), Um, dis,/. 
 
 , to, laudu, ttvi, iV- 
 
 tum, 1. 
 
 precious, carus, a, um, adj. 
 
 prefer, pnicfcro, tuh, iii- 
 
 tum, p. Bl ; mall), ujiiiui, 
 malle, p. 77. 
 
 prepare, p^'to, avi, atum, i. 
 
 prepared, pamtua, a, um, 
 part, and adj. 
 
 presence of. in the.corani., 
 
 pi-ep. with aU. 
 
 present, prapsons, tis, adj. 
 
 , to be, adsum, af- 
 
 fiii, adpsse, p. 31. 
 
 preserve, servo, conservo, 
 avi, atum, I. [sum, 3. 
 
 press, prfmo, preesi, pres- 
 
 prass upon, opprimo, 
 
 prt'ssi, pressuiii, 3. 
 
 pretence, f^imuiatTo, onis,/. 
 
 pr6VSiiu, *'t.'^t-y, Btitif trti- 
 tum, 1. 
 
 KEAHOM. 
 
 probable, v.risimiiiB, «. 
 adj 
 prohibit, pruhilmi, fit. 
 
 Itum, 2. 
 
 promise, viimitto, iuIkJ. 
 mi-<.-iim, :t; pullicfor, ituti, 'i, 
 
 V.-dej). 
 
 pro'.icrl". prohi"', rprtp, iidi<. 
 
 I'rosiratc. to, aiiiiKo, tiixi, 
 tlictiim, 3. 
 
 |)rotect. tuior, Itu8 and 
 tilt 11^, J. r. ill p. 
 
 I'rovido. pr.iviii .,, vldl. 
 
 visiiiii, J 
 provisivna, oMiiniciitui, 
 
 Qum, in />r' 
 
 prudence. I'ruii.iiiia, ap./. 
 prudent. iTiici'iiK, lis, (idj. 
 
 public, piiblicus, a, iiui, 
 
 punish, prinio. ivi,iniiii. i, 
 vw.izhmo.nt, i ".■•. .n',./'. 
 
 l'U"li. 'll.->. Ipllllis, i, HI. 
 
 i'UrsUit. ■'lii'lumi, ii, »(. 
 :>ut an end to, fmiu, ivl, 
 
 itum, :. 
 
 put to death, iiitcrfido, 
 fC'Ci, t.'itiiiii, .. 
 
 put to fii^iht, 'Tigo, avi, 
 ntum. 1. 
 
 nnalitv, s"""^. virtns, atls,/. 
 
 '. bun, npiia, a..,/. 
 
 'iUiet. tr.iiaiuiilus, a, um, 
 adj. 
 
 •luit. p.xoi'J.o, cessl, ce«- 
 eum, 3. 
 
 R 
 
 race, »i*'iiiis, oris, «. 
 rainbow, arcus coiipstls.u*, 
 vains. it pUiit, plait or 
 
 plUvit, pliure, 3, v. iniiiers. 
 
 raise {.forces), compSro* 
 avi, alum, 1. 
 
 rapacious. rapax,acifl,a<l/. 
 
 ravid, nii>!dus, a, um, adj. 
 
 rare, ram.;, a, um, adj. 
 
 rashness, t^mOritas, utis,/. 
 
 rather, have. "nil". W* 
 
 malic, p. 77. 
 read, lego, i-g.. ipctum, 3. 
 read aloud, rocito, &Tf, 
 
 Htum, I. 
 read through, periBgo, 
 
 hgi, Itctum, 3. 
 ready, pardtue,H, uai,i>arC 
 
 reasoni ratio, ouis,/. 
 
PW' 
 
 164 INDEX TO VOCABULARIES.— ENGLISH WORDS. 
 
 .1 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 H\ 
 
 u 
 
 1 
 
 i' 
 
 If 
 
 J 1 
 
 1, 
 
 i 
 
 RKCEIVK. 
 
 refieivoi accipio, cppi, ccp- 
 
 tum, 3. [iitis,/. 
 
 recklessness, tf'invntas, 
 recover, riHupCro, uvi, 
 
 iitiiin, 1. 
 
 refresh, iiM-mi.rivi, ritum, i. 
 
 refuse, rccu-^n, rivi, Mtmn, 1. 
 reign, rr^rim, rivi, I'ltiun, 1. 
 reject, asiu'mor, lUiis, 1, V. 
 dep. 
 rejoice, piudfo, grmsusj 
 
 BUni, '2. 1>. hTi. I 
 
 relate, narro, fivi, rituni, 1. 
 remnin, lurniCo, jiwnai, 
 raanMiiii, 2. 
 remain over, suinTsum, | 
 
 fui, I'ssi', !>. ;il. ! 
 
 remember, rrminiBcor. j 
 
 — , 3, r. <Oii. I 
 
 remembered, to be, mR- 
 
 uiOniliilis, r, ailj. 
 
 render assistance. "">^i- 
 Uum ft^ro, tuli, latum, Icrro, 
 3, irr. v. [a<lj- 
 
 renowned, tirmis, a, um, 
 re!)ents, it, iiocniU't, i>. xo. 
 resist, losisto, stui, stitum, 
 3, with iliit. 
 resolve, const it ud, ui, 
 
 Otiiiii, 3. 
 
 respect, to, oiworvo, iwi, 
 
 atuiii, 1. 
 
 rest, the, cr;cri, Oruc. i^ra, 
 adj. id. [■"'• 
 
 restrain, coorcoo.rii, ituin, 
 retire, ^iilu. concedo, cessi, 
 cegpuin, 3. 
 
 return, ^hIco, p. 83; re- 
 
 vcrti), ti, sum ; rOvortor, sus, 3, 
 V. ih'p. 
 
 reverence, to, vCneror, 
 
 St us, 1, ('. di-p. 
 reward, lirarmium, ii, n. 
 Rhine, Klicmw^, i, m. 
 Rhodes, lilir.ilus. i,/. 
 Shone, lUifulauus, i, m. 
 rich, 'llv.'s, itis, Lulj. 
 riches, ilivitiac.ai-um./jJ./. 
 
 ride, to, vcbor, vcctus, a, 
 
 V. dep. 
 
 right, rectus, a, um, adj. 
 
 rightly, prnlu", nctis adv. 
 
 rise, to, <'>i''"r, ortus,0nri,4. 
 
 river, llfivUis, i, m. ; flumcn, 
 Jnia, n. 
 
 robber, i^ifo, onis, m. 
 
 rock, rupfs, ia,/. 
 Roman, HOinanus, a. um, 
 Rome, Houm, lie,/, [aiij. 
 root, radix, icis,/. 
 rose, rosiv, ne,/. 
 
 rough, rugged, asper, era, 
 
 irum, a<i;. [ace. 
 
 round, clrcum, prep, with 
 
 SERVICEABLB. 
 
 rule, rfRi>. H'x!, rectum, 3. 
 run, curio, ctlcurri, cur- 
 Bum, 3. 
 
 rush together, convoio, 
 uvi, utum, 1. 
 
 s 
 
 Bacred, sneer, era, crum,a<y. 
 sacrifice, to, immOlo, avi, 
 utum, 1. 
 
 sad, tristifl, e, adj. 
 safe, tutus, u, um, alj. 
 
 safety, wnris,rit is,./. 
 sagacious, prmiuus, tis, 
 a<lj. 
 
 sailor, nauta, ac, m. 
 
 sake of, for the, pTiaa, 
 
 ci\usa, Willi (jm. 
 
 Sallust, «allustlus, ii, m. 
 
 fjruPC, idem, fi'ulciu, idem, 
 adj. pvon. 
 
 sanguinary, atrox, ocle, 
 adj. . 
 
 save, servo, conservo, avi, 
 atuin, 1. 
 
 savour of, Rnp'o. "'. 3- 
 
 gay, dico, xi, ctum, 3. 
 
 scarcely, -"ix, odv. 
 
 scent, <'ilor, oris, m. 
 
 scb''!ar, discipaius, 1, m. 
 
 SCliOCi, Pchola, ae,/. 
 
 Sc/thian, Scytba, ae, m. 
 
 sea, marc, is, n. 
 
 . of the, marinuB, a, 
 
 um, adj. _ 
 
 seat, c'dep, is,/. 
 
 second. sCcundus, a, um; 
 alter, a, um, adj. 
 
 secretly, dam, adv. 
 see, vjdSo, vidi. visum, 3; 
 ccriio, crcvi, cretum, 3. 
 
 seOj go to, vTso, visi. visum, 
 
 seeing, visus, us, w. [a. 
 
 seek, quaere, quaesivi, 
 quaesltum, 3. 
 
 seem, videor, vTrus, 2, v. dep. 
 
 seize, comprehendo, di. 
 Bum, 3; rapio, ui, tum, 3. 
 
 seize on, arrlpio, ripCii.rep- 
 tum, 3. 
 
 seldom, raro. adv. 
 
 senate, sonatus, us, m. 
 
 send, niitto, misl, mis- 
 sum, 3. [etc. 
 
 Bend on before, praomitto, 
 
 together, committo, 
 
 sense, sensus, us, m. [etc. 
 
 separate, sep&ro, avi, atum, 
 1 ; divldo, visi, visum, 3. 
 
 servant, minister, tri, m. 
 
 I serviceable, "ttiis, e, adj. 
 
 ,tobe,pr66um,p. 31. 
 
 .WMF. ONR. 
 
 set out, prf>riuiRcor, feo 
 tus, 3, V. dcji. 
 
 set (i" fxample), praelHk), 
 ui, ituiH, 2. 
 
 severe, siH-ems, a, umj 
 griivis, I', adj. 
 
 severely, frra\ urr, adv. 
 
 shake, unatio, (piassum, 3. 
 
 shames, it. piid.t, p. t<(i. 
 share, to, i>aiii»r, itus, 4, 
 
 V. (I'll. 
 
 sharp, Mcritus, a, um, adj. 
 shari>en. :n-w\ ui, utum, 3, 
 shield, -lilt mil. i, »i. 
 shine, tul^iOo, si, sum, a,. 
 ship, navis, is,/. 
 
 shore, i'"'^- firi^. '"■ 
 
 short, I'l' vis, o, adj. 
 
 shortly, lii"x, air. 
 
 shout, elaiiior, mis, m. [I. 
 
 , to, elfiiiKi, avi. Stum, 
 
 shut cff, iiitercludo, ai, 
 Sicily, ^Kilia, ae,/. ; sum,3. 
 sick, ariiir, pra, pnim, adj. 
 
 side with, a.lsum, p. 31. 
 side, on this, cis, citrS, 
 
 prep, with avc. 
 
 siege, obsidlo, onis,/. 
 sign, sigiiiuH, i, n. 
 silence, siiintium, li, n. 
 silent, to be, tiicoo, ai, 
 
 Jtum, 2. 
 
 silver, arfrentum, i, n. 
 
 sing, canto, avi, atum, IJ 
 cilno, (■(.•t'Tiii, caiitum, 3. 
 
 sister, suror. Oris,/. 
 
 sit, srdeo, si'iii, sessum, 2\ 
 
 skilful, sl^illed in, peri- 
 tus, a, um; sdIits, rtis, adj. 
 skin(';/'fl»i"'"n,iii'llis,is,/. 
 slaughter, cai-dfa, la, /.;, 
 
 clfidt s, is,/. 
 
 slave, ser\'ns, \,m. 
 
 slavery, servitus, ntis, /.' 
 
 slay, iiitirf icio, frci,fectum; 
 occido, cidi, cTsiim, 3. 
 
 sleep (s(('«.), soniiuis, i, m. 
 
 , to, dormio, ivi and Ii, 
 
 Itum, 4. 
 
 slender, tennis, 0, adj. [/. 
 
 SlothfulnesS, seRuitiis, ti, 
 sluggish, si'giiia, e; ignu- 
 vus, a, um, adj. 
 small, parvus, a, um, adj. 
 smell, fJdor, oris, m. 
 snow, I'ix. iiivis,/. 
 snows, it, uiuKit, p. 87. 
 80, Ita, tam, adv. 
 soft, mollis, e, adj. 
 soften, moUio, Ui, Hum, 4,. 
 soldier, miles, Itia, c. 
 some, nonnullua,a,um,a<'j, 
 
 some one, some thing* 
 aliquis, ailquid, indtf. pron. 
 
1, 
 
 [t. 
 
 ONR. 
 
 fificiscor, feo 
 
 Cni.a, a, utiif 
 
 ri\ Uf^r, adv. 
 II, qiias-^um, 3. 
 
 i.ulior, Uus, 4, 
 
 s, 11, uni, adj. 
 
 iici, ui, utum, 3, 
 
 nil, i, n. 
 
 1, si, Hum, i^ 
 
 is,/. 
 
 Oris, 7!. 
 
 X, (I'c. 
 >r, oris, m. 
 fuiKr, Mvi, Stum, 
 intircindo, si,- 
 
 I, uc,/. [suni,3.- 
 Rra, p:r\iiii, at/;.- 
 :iil'-uiii, p. 31. 
 lis, cis, citr3, 
 
 fo, onis,/. 
 
 II, i, n. 
 iitiuiii, ii, n. 
 bOt ti'ii^L't), ui, 
 
 ntmn, i, n. 
 
 Hvi, atum, IJ 
 iituin, 3. 
 r. Oris,/, 
 '(ii, scssum, 2\ 
 illed in, p^'n- 
 Icrs, rtis, adj. 
 '(Id/), lii'llis, is,/. 
 
 caLiifS, ia, /. s, 
 
 18, i, m. 
 
 ■rvitris, utis, /.' 
 cio, fr'ci,fectuiii; 
 ■iuiii, 3. 
 
 , ), sonimis, i, m. 
 rmio, ivi and Ii, 
 
 iiuis, r, adj. [/. 
 SS, scRuitii'H, ti, 
 ^I'giiis, e; igna- 
 
 r'lis, a, um, oty.. 
 
 ■, oris, VI. 
 
 Ill vis,/. 
 
 iiiiigit, p. 87. 
 
 , adv. 
 
 1, e, adj. 
 
 Uio, i^^, Itutn, 4.. 
 
 ilcs, Itia, c. 
 
 inlliis,a,um,a<y. 
 
 , some thingf 
 
 d, ind^. pron. 
 
 „USK TO VOCM.ULAmKS.-..-.N>n,lSU~. 
 
 1G5 
 
 _ - 1 1 liiuivii-.. 
 
 GoiiC. ^■'""'^"' • ' 1 bwear, .11'"'- ■'^'' •■'""'• pu.r. unci «.(j- . . 
 
 Swr*... or;-. ... : iStl'S' ,^*vt;;' -''^ "";™4ic, to. .»""■■•■■ ■»^■«'■ 
 
 "■:!2i- to, .».-., >«»"■'■ ' i;ss' "::"-^:-' ':\ is:s;';-"™^;j 
 
 c.,ppch, '"■^'""••""^••^- .-i ! ^'h/ storm, 'M'O^"^'- ; E^ ,Vn.,v. rlus, l, r. .^p. 
 
 i prout, v'j^"":::^' ;/• tell, 'i'-. >^'- '•"" Vntw / 
 
 -J-^ rm-iis. 1, 711- . i..,i ,.-,i„.vii.u'UUHa, 1, »• 
 
 unable, to be, '^''iv.ro. 
 
 Iviiui'l li, i»";'»- '•. 
 
 '■'■0- , , ,„ ..„, nti^. r. ' ^'""^. "■ "•"' i"'-')-f"''- \ undergo, >^>'i»'"' '^ ' ''"" 
 
 !^; Se bv,'<M-:^-'. i then, tunu -^^ ,^^^^ ^^,^,^^,,. ^ itin^^K^.^^^^^^ ^^^^,„^^^„_ ,,,, 
 
 '^iiufficientlv.;^-;^^.-^- 
 
 sun,^"'-'"'"^'"'- 
 I'l;. L. 1. 
 
 tbunderbolt, f"i'"'^"' ':!:'• ; ^,S, dissumii-. .-, adj. 
 
 trmndor8,it,t0ma,V.^.. ^^^^^.^i^, nni.n.us. a. 
 
 J£, til;-! i^ -^i "^-- - "^^llin.. to be, -10, ,. 
 
1G6 
 
 INDEX TO VOCABULAllIES. —ENGLISH WORD^^. 
 
 * i I. 
 
 C8K. 
 
 use, to, titor, flsus, 3, V. 
 
 dep., with ahl. 
 useful, iitilis'^. Ty- 
 utmost, siiuiiiiuw, u, um, 
 
 tuj). adj. 
 
 valley, vaiiis, is,/, 
 valour, virtus, utis,/. 
 various, vmius. a, \un,adj. 
 vehemently, voiiomeutcr, 
 culv. 
 verse, versus, us, m. 
 vex, vcxo, Avi, iltiim, 1. 
 
 vexes, it, i'iK<'t. l'- ^^- if- 
 
 victim, lio^tia, vuimia, ao, 
 victory, vicioriu, uc, f. 
 vigorous, strCuuus, a, um, 
 
 vigorously, fitriTiue, adv. 
 virtue, virtus, mis,./'. 
 
 visit, to, viso, si, sum, 3. 
 voice, vox, vncis,/. 
 vulture, vultur, una, m. 
 
 w 
 
 wage(war),to,p:5'-o,gcssi 
 
 gcstum, 3. 
 
 wake (intrans.), vigllo, Avi, 
 atuni, 1. 
 
 walk, take a walk, am- 
 
 b\i\i), &vi, iiturn, 1. 
 wall, "if""^. '• ™- [r-'i- 
 wanting, to be, Jesuiu, 
 vpar, ittllun;, i, n. [adj. 
 warlike, tn'iu'cosus, a, um, 
 warm, c<ili.lus, a, um, adj. 
 warn, mi'ini''o, ui, Hum, '2. 
 
 waste, to lay, vasto, avi, 
 atuiii, 1. L'- 
 
 watch, tO.vigno, avi, atum, 
 
 water, "<l"a, ae,/. 
 
 , to fetch, wiuor, atua, 
 
 1, V. dtp. 
 
 way, in that, ta, adw. 
 — , to be in the, oijsum, 
 
 p. 31. ^U- 
 
 weakness, iuflrmitas, mis, 
 
 WIKTKB. 
 
 wealthy, fipfilpnt"?, a, um, 
 weapon, tnitim, i, n. lihij. 
 wearies, it, tacd.-t, p. ^«. 
 
 Weei', "i^o. Svi, etum, 2. 
 
 well, h'H'S' "''"• f'-- 
 
 — , to be, vAloo, ui, itinii, 
 wellwishing, Wuovoius, 
 
 a, um, adj. 
 
 west, occMon*', eiitis, m. 
 
 whale, liAlaeiui, ac,/. 
 
 what, <lii'f'> quae, <\nh\ and 
 <iui'(l, inttrrog. ami indej'. 
 pron. 
 
 what sort, of, qU'ii's, ^^ 
 
 rtl. adj. 
 
 when, (I'lando, interr. adv.; 
 quum, adv. ami amj. 
 
 whether, "trum, awj. 
 
 which of two, utcr, tra, 
 trum, adj. pron. 
 .V while, til"", adv- 
 
 whilst drinking, inter 
 
 blbi'iidum. 
 white, albus^a, um, adj. 
 whither, quo, rel. adi> 
 who, q»'. 'i""f' 'i'"^"'- '■*'• 
 
 pron.; qtlis, quar, quidorquOii, 
 iiUer. pron. 
 
 whole, tdtus, a, um, adj. 
 
 why, *'U''. M'lari', ado. 
 
 wicked, imprOl»is, a, um; 
 iiCciuam, indec. adj. 
 
 wickedness, saius, friH /(. 
 
 wide, iati'«. 1. »'"'■ "'O' 
 
 widely, i^^t'"'. a'*"- 
 
 wife, uxor, oris,/. ; mulur, 
 Gris,/. 
 
 wilful, perversus, a, um, 
 adj. 
 
 willing, to be, v5io, p. ll. 
 
 , to be more, miio. 
 
 p. n. 
 
 win, fidlpiscor, adcptus, 3, 
 V. dep. ; paro, Avi, atum, 1. 
 
 win upon, blandlor, itus, 4, 
 
 wind, V, lit us, i, m. [v. dep. 
 
 wine, vimuu, i, n. 
 
 wing, ala. ap,/. _ 
 
 winter, Incms, <'mia,/. 
 
 , of, liibcrnus, a, imi, 
 
 adj. 
 
 ZK.AI.OIS. 
 
 winter, to, im'mo, fivi. 
 
 Atum, 1. 
 
 winter quarters, lub 'rua. 
 
 oruui, ;i. pi. 
 
 wisdom, siqiiriitiii, a(>,./. 
 
 wise, sapiens, euti--, adj. 
 
 wish, vuluuta.s, atis, ./. 
 
 wish, to, opto, livi, Htum, 
 1 ; volo, p. 1 7. 
 
 within, ii'trA, j^rep. witli 
 ace. 
 
 woman, tt^nrma, ao, / ; 
 miiliiT, Oris,/. [«. d<-p. 
 
 wonder at, miror, atus. 1, 
 
 wonderful, mirus, mlra- 
 bilis, I', adj. 
 
 wood, '^ilva, an,/. 
 
 work, f'l'ivs tTis, n. 
 
 world, uiundus, i, m. 
 
 worship, to, vOnCror, fitua, 
 l,v. dtp. 
 
 wound, vulnus, oris, n. 
 
 , to, vuliiero, avi, 
 
 Atuui, 1. 
 
 wretched, misor, era, c- 
 
 nnii, adj. 
 
 write, to, scribe, Bcripsi, 
 scriptum, 3. 
 
 writer, scriptor, oris, vi. 
 
 year, annua, i, m. 
 yesterday, bfri, adv. 
 
 yield, codo, ce8si,ce8sum, 3. 
 
 your, tuus, a, um; vester, 
 tra, trum, pnss. pron. 
 
 youth, jiiveiitus, tutis,/. 
 
 — (a young man or 
 woman), iii\vni», is, c. 
 
 zeal, stiidium, u, n. 
 zealous, studiosua, a, ura, 
 adj. 
 
 zealous, to be, atodoo, ui, 
 
 2, witli dat. 
 
 
 /I 
 
 mk\ 
 
! i 
 
 lis. 
 
 liiriiii), fivl, 
 tersi iiib'Tiui. 
 
 ifiitln, a(>,./. 
 i, eiiti-;, adj. 
 lis, litis, ./. 
 ito, livi, Htum, 
 
 •fi, prep, with 
 
 wiiui, ae, /. ; 
 [o. di;p. 
 
 nil for, utiis, 1, 
 inirns, miiii- 
 
 ac,/. 
 oris, n. 
 ins, i, TO. 
 viiiiCror, fitua, 
 
 uis, oris, n. 
 vulnero, avl, 
 
 misCr, 6ra, C- 
 
 Bcribo, Bcripsi, 
 
 ptor, Oris, m. 
 
 I I. w. 
 
 hOri, adv. 
 ce8si,cessuin, 3. 
 a, urn; vester, 
 . pron. 
 
 iitus, tfitis,/. 
 uiig mau or 
 is, is, c. 
 
 m, 11, n. 
 udiosus, a, urn, 
 
 I bet atiidOo, ui, 
 
 V 
 
 I 
 
 f 
 
 1 1' 
 
 'i< 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 /X 
 
 ' ') 
 
 -■^vtP 'jr^fi/ «v* 
 
■j j W lfc H b «« i > »i i n- 
 
 \ 'J^tlJ:MM 
 
 J 
 
 
 ■i'i 
 
 **> 
 
 
 .# 
 
 (t 
 
 |r'( 
 
 1 
 
 )t 
 
 § 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 t 1 
 
 1 
 
 - i 
 
 '■■■■ 
 
 
 ^M; 
 
 •* 
 
 7 . j.;| !;^: W£. 
 
 ^^^::-^K 
 
 "^ 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 I r 
 
 \ 
 
 # 
 
 t ' ' 
 
 ii?" . 
 
 
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