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REPORT 
 
 OP A . 
 
 €mmmxm 0f |n<ittirg,fc 
 
 o ' T i. .» ,1 » . . KiKosTos, Sfarch 31, 1855. 
 
 that might be considered as unfavourable ts prohibition. I made it a ooint to e.fmin« i?H??i. ^ ^ 
 wbich alter many ineffectual struggles to chec'k the progress of TnV.uJer'r.ci and cZe I d uL:?^' 
 
 The same ca.sc ifl act?ve \m Canada ; itf effects are only evil and that universally and continuallv • to re. 
 
 Very respectAilly and gincere\y, Your obedient servant, 
 UiLMiiroi. R. O'RittLT, Bsq, G. W. P. S. T., Ac *c, Quebec BXMIBAL MDLKINS. 
 
 REPORT, 
 1. InUrodwtory Remarlm. 
 For some time past, tho subject of the Ieg«l prohi- 
 bition of the traffic in intoxicating liquors has been 
 vanxsUy discussed in this Province. Indeed, since 
 the first enactment in the State of Maine for the sup- 
 presiien of the traffic, puMic a eotion has been 
 stFongly called to it in this country. It was a piece of 
 Legislation so novel, so perfectly unique, that it 
 
 j»frf nre. SirRobertPeel waschairman of that commlt- 
 t-' , which drew up a most able report, and in conclud- 
 ing ilieir valuable labours, recommended and unani- 
 munsly adopted, as a final measure for raelioratioK 
 rtnd removing the vast evils arising from the traffic. 
 
 the following resolutions : 
 
 46.-" The ProhibiUon of the imporUtion fW>m 
 any foreign country, or from our own Colonies of die- 
 tilled spirits in any shape, it.— The equaUy abtolute 
 
 W)uld scarcely fail to attract t\je consideration of J>roh,buioM of M dutiUalton of ardent nnrili from t^Jn^. 
 
 thnnirhtful men. nr In •.nirnm «k<i <>»»<»•:«_ „r -•! ih* tnnp» !»..,,..>.-> > -r ^t. ^ K .^ ' yrum. 
 
 thoughtful men, or to engage the at'^ntion of other 
 Legislator!. The evils of inlempei^^^ce aVe so open 
 
 2 view, so manifest, so numerous, so univcrsM, and 
 eir ramifications so infinite, ihat all good men, 
 necdfssarily, desire to see them lessened, yea wholly 
 extinguished. It is nearly fifteen years since the 
 doctrine of legal prohibition was first mooted and 
 discussed in the public press in t •> United States, 
 but it 'vas not until 1851 that public sentiment on 
 that anbject assumed a statutory embodiment, and 
 became law. This was an experiment eo singular 
 «nd so important, it was hailed with such general 
 mdmirRtioB bv the friesds of sobriety, and was so 
 Tehomently denounced by those interested in the 
 Traffic, that it b'jjasso evident, that it would be 
 watched with intense interest by all parties. On the 
 oie hand with the sleepless eyes of interested vigi- 
 lance, abid on the other by the watchfUl eyes of ener- 
 getic philanthrophy. That ezperimeat has now been 
 in operation four years and upwards, and, if it baa 
 been lacceuflil, it to time that otbera should know it ; 
 if its effects have been baneful, the world should be 
 apprised of the resul^ that all illusiona on the sub- 
 ject as far aa may be dona, should b« dispelled. 
 ». n« Prme^ •/ J^okOiiim of Britkk OtigiH. 
 
 S- -••'- ""^ «'3 uirvtnncoi rroQioinon 
 
 of late years was revived in the United States ; and 
 «Ith»ugh the State of Maine was the first to embody 
 
 th. princlpi. in a Statute, yett^'e docWne w„ b7-o C" U^o? the ev7' ItT. ''^^^^''''' *"• 
 means new,- it was agitated in generations past In tlo.i of such v«t n^Tii^-iSlT ?:u-'^'"'?' *i** *«>"•»- 
 
 means new j it was agitated in generations past In 
 Engtaad, and so late as 1834 the question was brought 
 before the British House of Oommong, when a com- 
 »ittM wat appoiBted to txaadM aad rq^ on intam- 
 
 the most important part of the food of man i^ our 
 own country. 4«._The restricUon of distillation to 
 the purposes of the arts, manufactures and medicine • 
 and the confining the wholesale and retail dealinr in 
 Xne*'" " *° chemisU, druggists, and dispensu-iaa 
 
 Whatever merit or demerit may be due to the State 
 7{i^^} firft carried the suggestion of "absolute pro- 
 hibition," into effbct, it is undeniably true that the- 
 ^",T!V """^ even its initiation in practice, are of 
 anluh Oriym, and the conception of British Suta^ 
 men. "^"^ 
 
 3. Iv^Mrttmet of the QbMfwn. 
 Since 1851, when the " absolute prohibition" rac 
 gested nearly twenty years before in the British HoBir 
 or Commons became the law of the Stat- of Maine, 
 the same question has been canvassed throughout the 
 United States, and the British Colonies. Seven other 
 States, beside Maine, and one British Province, hare 
 passed severe enactment* for the prohibition if the 
 tralhc ; while eight other states, and two other Bri I h 
 Co lomes have had Bills for the suppression of the 
 evil before their respective Legislaturis. The qoM^ 
 tion is herefore assuming a grave importance, not 
 less po!itic»lly than morally. The Parilam.n* -f 
 UAiiaUa pasted the second reading of a Bill for the 
 suppression of the traffic by a great minority, and all 
 parties seemed to vie with each oUier in desiring the 
 destruction of th« *wii i» .... _.. i .•. . ■ " 
 
 tloji of such vast proportions, lilcely to aflbct Soisietr 
 »i.k .u"J f."^' "question which would interftra 
 with the daily avocayoai of at least 10,000 ftmUias ia 
 |th« ProTiace, uid wUeh eoold Im look^oa only ZU. 
 
tHiraduetioit. 
 
 experiment among in earnest minded and reiolute 
 people, to put down intemperance, ihonld be receired 
 bjr Hrioua men in very rarjring aapecta. More par- 
 ticular information was eridently ne«ded, and it 
 seemed onljr reasonable that the friends of prohibi- 
 tion shonlr'. afford evidence of the beneficial result of 
 the experiment in those countries where the traffic 
 had been suppressed, before they could fairly ask the 
 strong arm of the law to interfere in this Province to 
 break down the evil complained of, and instead of 
 giving its sanction and shield to the tralBc, to give it 
 its ban, and society i*s protection. 
 4. O^eet of a Committion of enquiry to the State of Maine. 
 
 The undersigned was therefore requested to visit 
 several of those states, in which prohibition has be- 
 come law, to ascertain its results, and to report 
 thereon, and to state his convictions, after examina- 
 tion on the spot, for or against a prohibitory lew, and 
 whether or not such a law would be likely to do good, 
 and whether there w«8 any probability of its doing 
 harm. Those philanthropic people who sincerely de- 
 sire thp xpnreX improvement of this young and rising 
 count y, and who justly attach great importance to 
 the cause and ouccess of Temperance ia Canada, seek 
 only for a salutary and just law, not one that shall 
 outrage the feelings of Society, but a law based on 
 the broad principles of humanity ; a law that respects 
 the rights of every one ; that respects the health, life, 
 purity, happiness, intelligence and morality of the 
 people ; a law at the foundation of which lie those 
 grand and divine prohibitions of all evil — " do unto 
 others as ye would that others should do unto you :" 
 " thou Shalt love thy neighbour as thyself." 
 
 A law agitated in the spirit of faction, or carried 
 in the spirit of faction, could answer no good end, 
 would array society against it, would create dissatis- 
 faction if not disgust, and would constitute itself a 
 great barrier to the success of Temperance, since its 
 basis would be unchristian and repulsive. A law 
 must have the approbation of the moral feelings of 
 Society or it cannot be enforced ; for hundreds would 
 connive at its violation, believing it rather a virtue 
 than a crime, for them to transgress. 
 
 The question has been again and again asked, 
 what necessity existed for Prohibition 7 What has 
 been the eflect of prohibitory legislation ? Are there 
 any statistics touching these points, and illustrative 
 of the benign agency of legal suppression 7 
 
 Those who were not swayed by mere excitement, 
 or by faction, have felt that it were better to have no 
 law, than to have a law which the conscience of the 
 people would not sustain; that it were better to wait 
 a wnile and to difTuse information in the meantime 
 upon the subject, than rashly to adopt a law that 
 must prove a failure or cause a reaction ; tnat in fine, 
 if it were ascertained that the law in the neighbour- 
 ing country had been useless, or had bepn productive 
 . of evil consequences ; if it liad increased intemper- 
 ance, if it had created vice and pauperism ; if it had 
 resulted in increased iniquity and crime; that, then 
 it was not desirable to introduce the prohibitory ex- 
 periment into Canada, as its effects were so sad and 
 disastrous. Accordingly, the instructions of the un- 
 dersigned contained the following paragraph: 
 
 " The object of your mission will thererote be to col- 
 lect all such statistical and other iaformation as shall 
 
 cssuir --ir is:::; tv jtsngr: irjictuCT Ui noi ISC ;»■» SAi 
 
 had the effect of lessening crime and the other evils 
 of society, and generally of ameliorating the condi- 
 tion of the human family where the law prevails; 
 whetlier, in short, the law has proved Itself to be a 
 ' blearing or otherwise. Although oar otject and aiai 
 11 to promnta the passag* of a prohibitory law, it la 
 propw when ooUccting vridenct on the nb^ct that 
 
 nothing should b« concealed as to its working which 
 shall come to your knowledge, even thouj^ facts mar 
 be ascertained which may fairly miliute against such 
 an'enactment. In fact, I mean to be nnderstood to 
 take the ground that if it should be ascertained ihat 
 a law is not calculated to produce happy results to 
 society, we do not want it ; and if it is calculated to 
 produce, Mid does produce such results, we need not 
 fear any facts in connexion with its working." 
 
 Such being the Mission, it was expected that the 
 Commissioner wonld proceed in the spirit of candonr 
 to gather statistics on the subject of intemperance in 
 general, that its evils might be more generally 
 known ;. that he should ascertain the benefici^ re- 
 sults of prohibition if such existed ; or the evil ef- 
 fects, if such had really been produced ; that he 
 should visit such public institutions as Houses of 
 Refonnation, State Prisons, Jails and Asylums, and 
 collect all the statistical and docanentary evidence 
 in his power ; and furthermore, that he should obtain 
 the testimony of men of Integ^ty and distiaction, of 
 professional men, of the heads of public institutions, 
 of divines, of legislators, judges and governors ; as 
 to the baneftal influence or beneficial tendency of the 
 legal prohibition of the traffic in ardent spirits. 
 
 In the execution of the onerous and important 
 trust committed to liim, the Commissioner visited the 
 states of New York, Connecticut, Rhode Island, 
 Massachusetts, New-Hampshire, Vermont, and Maine, 
 collecting facts and evidence in the several cities and 
 states through which he passed, and he begs now 
 respectfulbr to lay the result of his commission be- 
 fore you, in as brief a review as the nature of the 
 subject will admit. 
 
 In relation to the Legislative prohibition of the 
 traffic in alchohoUc drinks, the questions which had 
 most frequently occurred to the undersigned and for 
 which he sought a satisfactory solution in his late 
 visit to the United States, were the following :— 
 Diviiion of the Subject. 
 
 I. Whether the evils arising from the traffic in 
 that country were so numerous, and of so gross and 
 iniquitnous a nature, as to create a necessity for itt ' 
 absolute prohibition? 
 
 II. Whether the Prohibitory Legislatien vhere, has 
 had a salutary effect in diminishing the evils aUcged 
 to arise from the Traffic? 
 
 UI. And, thirdly, if so, whether there exists lo 
 Canada a similar necessity for the absolute Prvhibi- 
 tion of the entire traffic in AlchohoUc drinks 7 
 
 StatttMnt of the Queetiom. 
 These three questions seeift to comprehend all that 
 is essential to be said o:< the subject ; for if there 
 was no necMsUj arising tio\c the evils of intemper- 
 ance for Legislative interference, and if that inter- 
 ference has produced only baneful results, then, if 
 this be the case, no one can desire the Legislature 
 of Canada to interfere in the matter : but, if on the 
 contrary, the ^vils arising firom the traffic were 
 of so terrible a character that all preceding and 
 existent laws seemed powerless to repress them^ 
 and if the respective Prohibitory Laws have had » 
 r^lntaiy eflbct in other countries in diminish- 
 ing these evils, then, there can be no doubt 
 that Legislative action will prove as benignant hcie 
 im t&«r«, ttfiu wilt Lava Ui« muim sainiary eficct. if 
 these three qnestiooa can be fairly answered ia the 
 nefotive, prohibition ia by no means and ia no seaae 
 desirable in this country or in maj eovntry; but if 
 they can be fiiiriy aaewered ia the aiBrmative, then 
 there ihould be peiiisct onanfaiUty aaeag all parties 
 and clanes to obtain the ProhibitioB «t the traffic 
 here by Law. TUa is » simple Issue ; it tssoItm the 
 
f%» Liqii«r 7n|^e.--A« M^ficU. 
 
 mttter into right or wron|. b the Traffic Tirtnoni, 
 doei it promote rirtne ? fh*n in the name of rirtuc 
 continae it Bat rerene tb<- queition— ii the Traffic 
 deitructire to virtue, iiitminoui to health and hap- 
 
 J tineas, ii It demoralicing in all its phases, whereTer 
 t exists is pnrity destroyed, is innocence cormpted, 
 is Tirtue mined, are families desolated, is it produc- 
 tire of paaperism and crime, is there multiplied dis 
 ease and premature death, are there idiocy and 
 insanity, in fine, u Ihe Traffic a PMk Immorality, 
 then in the name of humanity, in the name of Moral- 
 ity, prohibit the traffic forever. 
 
 I.— THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC—ITS EVILS. 
 
 There are several reasons which would amply 
 justify any Legislature in prohibiting the traffic in ar- 
 dent spirits or in prohibiting the distillation of grains 
 osed for food by nan. Sach prohibition has lately 
 been enforced by the Emperor of France, as a pre- 
 ventive measure against general want or famine which 
 might ensue from a scarcity brouglit on in a large 
 degree by the vast destruction of grainby distiliatiou 
 When it is considered tha upwards of 45,000,000, 
 bushels of grain are annually jsed for the purposes oi 
 brewinganddistillationin Qreat Britain, there can be 
 no question that the prevention of scarcity, would jus- 
 tify the immediate prohibition of the manufacture of all 
 kinds of intoxicating drinlcs. The amount of grains 
 thus destroyed in Great Britain by its 43,000 Brew- 
 ers and 500 Distilleries has been ascertained for ten 
 consecutive years to have been sufficient to feed 
 S,500,000 human beings annnually; while the poor 
 and pauper populations, the classes that suffi*r indis- 
 cribably in years of scarcity in England, do not ex- 
 ceed half that number. 
 
 If the traffic should be found iigurions to thn reve 
 nue of the state as it is destructive to the property of 
 individuals; if instead of adding to the Government 
 funds it should subtract from them, that also would be 
 considered a perfect justification of its prohibition. If 
 in Great Britain the public revenue should loose 
 £15,000,000 storling anually, instead of deriving that 
 vast sum (tan the traffic— if in Canada from Distil- 
 lers and shops for the sale of liquors, and also for the 
 duties and per centum upon liquors imported, a reve' 
 nue of almost £100,000 were not realized, political 
 expediency would instantly demand the prohibition 
 of the Traffic in spiriU of all kinds. If then, Prohi- 
 bition could justly be demanded for such reasons, as 
 a preventive against scarcity, as a protection for the 
 itevenue of a country, reasona that are undoubtedly 
 ■ound and sufficient, how much more urgently 
 might it besought, how infinitely more readily should 
 the Prohibition of the Traffic be effected for that far 
 more important reason, on account of itt public «m- 
 tnoralHyt 
 
 Gountleu faeU, statistics, incidents and testimony 
 of unquestionable veracity, demonstrate the whole 
 business in the manufacture, in the adulteration of 
 liquors, in iU sale, in its effects, in all its infinite rami 
 |flcations as a fe^rAil immorality. The man that 
 looks abroad with impartial eyes cannot fail to 
 see the evil in all directions. There is not a grade, 
 a rank, a phase of society, where he does not see its 
 immorality. Take for instance, out of multitudes of 
 evidences, and illustrations of its immorali^, the ef- 
 fects of the traffic in reference to Pauptriim, Crime 
 ssa mssTtsjf, if iac iraSc can evvu lu a smaii de- 
 gree be traly proved to be prodnctive of these evils 
 who ean for a moment deny the propriety, the neces- 
 •ity of ito immediate Prohibition T If such efbets 
 were produced by it in the neighbouring statei, it 
 eeaaea to be marveUons in our eyes that tiie question 
 qf prohibition b canvassed most energcticallv 
 throughout the length and breadth of that sre^ 
 Fadera^oB. ^ * 
 
 I.— rAvmitW. 
 1 . During the agiution of Prohibition Id the a4)o 
 Ing States much useful information on Pauperii.. 
 Asylums for the young, on Poor House<i and oths 
 charitable institutions, was collected and diilbs 
 abroad. It became thus ascertained beyond l_ 
 doubt that the pauperism in that countiy, and tht 
 prodigious expense: of all their estoblishments f 
 the relief or for the instruction of their JnTnotw. 
 might be traced directly in whole or in a very gnaj 
 proportion, to intemperance. The collection a 
 publication of these facts and statistics run back 
 tar as 1630 and cover the whole period from tha^ 
 time to this. It may here be stated that each cooa^ 
 ty in the several States supports ite own poor, '' 
 builds and keeps its own poor-house. The foUowin 
 tabular statement has been constructed with g 
 care and from returns certified by the keepers of » 
 respective Poor-bouses, and may be relied on as cor-i 
 rect, as they were published under the authority oi 
 the SUte. ' ^ 
 
 A TABULAR STATEMENT 
 
 0/ Paytritm hi the teveral CounliM qf tht StaU . 
 
 Ntw i ork, ihowmg that a vtry larpeprcportioH thcrtoj 
 
 vat tktptoduet of Inltmptranee. 
 
 PAUPIRISM a HIW TOSK. 
 
 Poor Bouie 
 rureaeli 
 Couoty. 
 
 AllegBDjr • • 
 Broome •• • 
 Cajruga. . . 
 Chautangae. 
 (.'nenanfO .. 
 Clinton . . . 
 Columbia .. 
 Delaware. . 
 DutelicM . . 
 
 Erie 
 
 Gfiei .... 
 Franklin . . . 
 Geneaee • • • • 
 Greene . . . 
 Herkimer. . 
 Jeflisrson . . . 
 
 King! 
 
 Lewis.. . . 
 Livingiton.. 
 IMadlson«>.> 
 Monroe • . i < 
 MontfooMcy. 
 Niagara .... 
 Oneida .... 
 Onoodaga.. 
 Oniark) .... 
 Orange. . 
 Orleans .... 
 Oswego . . 
 Otiago .. 
 Puiman .. 
 Queens .. 
 Renaalaer ... 
 Rietiiaand.. 
 awaga . . . 
 Seheneettdjr 
 iieholarie... 
 Benaea. . 
 eteaUo. . 
 0t Lawrence 
 ■nflblk.. 
 ■olUvan. . . . 
 Ttrga .. . 
 TompUni 
 
 IJIgM. ._ .. 
 W«r»;3 .... 
 ViraiillnglOB 
 Wayne. . . 
 
 ^^Pa Maala a-^*^ — 
 
 wiiicneiiar 
 Oatea .. . . 
 Cortland . . . 
 ■oeklaiid ... 
 
 Taul...v.i 
 
fU Ufnor Tm§U.~-tt» J^mt*. 
 
 Ofinyi IdioU and ins«ne penioni, leekinff a icanty 
 relief from charitjr and their country, after bavins 
 most probably wasted their f ubatonce in riotous Ht- 
 insr »nd drankenness, and lost at once their wealth 
 of substance, of health and of mind. At the sam« 
 rate Masaarhosetti will eipend for pauperism, Ats- 
 sevenths of which will be superinduced by the deal- 
 inK m Iiquor8,$8,502,210. Was it not time to adopt in 
 Its '»W8 the prohibition of strong drinks? the traffic 
 m which consUtutes it may almost be said the tmmo- 
 nthtg of tht agt. 
 
 3. Pauptritm in other Statu. 
 To shew that the traffic had the same evil effect in 
 other States, an example will be given of onecountr 
 or more in a few States only. 
 
 iTtB was temperate, about one in six was doubtnil, 
 ■•re were no less than fire out of seven so redqerd 
 ■I eoBS«quence of intemperance. The cost in these 
 'utlM in that State alone amonnted to the lanre 
 B of $200,000 a year,and in ten years, in the same 
 »Uo, to almost $2,000,000, flvo-sevenths of which 
 TooeMled from the traffic in intoxicoiing drinks 
 honld a business that leads to such results econo- 
 Ble^ly and morally, be deemed an immoralHy and 
 -ohlblted or not? It U to be obserred that pan- 
 riim, since the date here referred to, has inercased 
 that Sute in a far greater proportion than the 
 opalaUon. There must, therefore, at Uie present 
 llfflci be a very large number of paupers in that sUte 
 "•the population amounts to 3,097,394. 
 
 Indeed it appeared from official returns in 1850 
 hat the number of paupers supported in that State 
 'as not less than 59,355, exclusive of those in the 
 oases of reformation and refuge. In 1850 the cost 
 fthis pauperism exceeded $817,000 and assumthg 
 hat, as much of this pauperism resulted from intem- 
 •rance in 1850 as in 1834 the traffic cost that State 
 - ' one year $600,000, besides having reduced to 
 vtobedness and want and suffering almost 60,000 of 
 I popolaiion, sparing neither sex, nor age, nor race. 
 
 2. Pavptritm m Mattaehutett*. 
 
 Itmay Jost be remarked here that from the returns 
 
 a other Slates it is evident jhat the amount of pau- 
 
 •rinnismnch in the same proportion, results from the 
 
 —10 cause, and shews that the immoralititt of the 
 
 Ic are every where alike. Take one State, Mas- 
 
 hasetta for example, and fh)m the returns relating 
 
 » the poor for 1894, by the Secretary of State, the 
 
 bllowing table will present, comprehensively, the 
 
 "^nse and wretchedness arising ftom the evil com- 
 
 'ned of: — 
 
 Gonntiea. 
 
 QflUk- 
 
 
 rmtoth • 
 bio- 
 
 FaUMkel - 
 
 9604 
 
 3670 
 
 2291 
 
 1607 
 
 268 
 
 439 
 
 463 
 
 602 
 
 936 
 
 2584 
 
 615 
 
 333 
 
 62 
 
 367 
 
 I 
 
 B 
 O 
 » 
 
 a 
 
 i V 
 
 II 
 
 4 
 22 
 34 
 44 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 11 
 
 3 
 19 
 17 
 17 
 10 
 
 JJ.2 
 
 s 
 
 d a 
 
 22505 
 
 230 
 
 174 
 
 121 
 
 166 
 
 41 
 
 29 
 
 66 
 
 67 
 
 04' 
 
 60 
 
 41 
 
 9 
 
 9 
 
 1941146 
 
 5094 
 
 1536 
 
 1676 
 
 632 
 
 185 
 
 163 
 
 307 
 
 20'. 
 
 246 
 
 1782 
 
 198 
 
 199 
 
 32 
 
 301 
 
 Vermont 2 Counties • . 
 Mas8achusett82 
 Delaware 1 
 Indiana 4 
 
 Maine 8 
 
 Ohio 6 
 
 Pennsylvania 2 
 
 4. Pauperiim in the United Statu. 
 Centtu Setumt. 
 
 No. of 
 paupers Expenses. 
 
 Statbs. 
 
 S 
 
 a 
 
 12558 
 
 7201 
 
 1719 
 
 2110 
 
 602 
 
 90 
 
 198 
 
 138 
 
 156 
 
 338 
 
 1654 
 
 116 
 
 41 
 
 2 
 
 165 
 
 14320 
 
 129,732 
 62,193 
 64,299 
 43,384 
 10,486 
 11,395 
 13,787 
 12,399 
 34,177 
 40,732 
 19,255 
 11,721 
 2,354 
 1,156 
 
 487,070 
 
 It may be stated that the expenses here mentioned 
 
 I nerely that of the Alms Hooses ; a taxation for 
 
 l*»to paupers, of which in 18!j4 there were 23,126, is 
 
 BiMuly oaillnctAd, Tn 1862^ ac-ccrdin" ts the ;»n::;s 
 
 Unitea States, the state tax amounted to 
 
 1,000. The tax in 1854 must have been greater 
 
 we panpers were more numeroos. But, as- 
 
 tiagit the same, as In 1862 the cost for the year 
 
 ' 1 be $360,221. The value of the Alms Houses is 
 
 I at $1,173,907. TlMTUt number of 14,320 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 Calafornia 
 
 Conoccticat - 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Florida . 
 
 Qeorgia - 
 
 Illinois - 
 
 Indiana • 
 
 Iowa ' - 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Lousiana 
 
 Maine - 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Massachusetts - 
 
 Michigan 
 Mississippi 
 Missouri 
 Mew Hampshire 
 New Jersey - 
 New York - 
 North Carolina 
 Ohio ■ 
 Pensylvania - 
 Rhode Island - 
 South Carolina 
 Tennessee 
 Texas - 
 Vermont 
 Virginia • 
 Wisconsin 
 
 363 
 105 
 
 2337 
 
 697 
 
 76 
 
 1036 
 
 797 
 1182 
 
 136 
 1126 
 
 423 
 
 6503 
 
 4496 
 
 15777 
 
 1190 
 
 260 
 2977 
 3600 
 2392 
 69855 
 1931 
 2613 
 11661 
 2560 
 1642 
 
 1 1XQ/i 
 
 7 
 
 3664 
 
 6118 
 
 666 
 
 17,559 
 6,888 
 
 96,624 
 17,730 
 937 
 27,820 
 45,213 
 57,660 
 6,358 
 67,543 
 39,836 
 161,666 
 71,648 
 392,716 
 27,556 
 13,132 
 53,243 
 157,351 
 93,110 
 817,336 
 60,085 
 95,250 
 232,138 
 45,837 
 48,337 
 30,99} 
 43S 
 120,463- 
 161,729 
 14,743 
 
 I , 
 
 : 
 
 The ■abject of pauperism in the 
 be ponuedno flirther hue ; aach State woold'ihoir 
 
 Jnited States need 
 
The LjfMT Trt{fie.'^ru I^tel$, 
 
 ■imilar reralU from the traiBc. The preceding Ubie 
 ia iotended to iho«r the e::lent »r.d expense of pau- 
 periim in the United Sutea, excluiire of tboae pro- 
 Tided for in houiea of Refuge, and other benevolent 
 inslitutiona ; and even were it, contrary to facU, pre- 
 Bumed that onljr one half of that expenae were cauaed 
 
 panpera In the Sute, where «n thete MtabliibraeBto 
 exiated for the creation of poverty and want. What- 
 ever Legialatori may thinic of the matter, commoa. 
 aense cannot view it aa other than a groaa abaurditv, 
 andaagroaaan immorality, to create by oneaetof 
 lawa thouaandi and hundreda of thouaanda of Daaii. 
 
 by alcoholic driV., it .ho«ldTnducr«7n "of r^H^tion ira^ VnTLn b^rotrrronllVtHttrn'ot a^JT 
 .ndpa.r.oti.m to atay, while it may he atayed, the .tlal relief of thJrdi"reMWhy7otle^^^^^ 
 progreaa of the aame evil in Canada. A atronger the Cao8« of the evil ? Wh» Im.™!! . .^^'* 
 proof than auch facta a.^uredly cannot be requircd^f atrear"ere y W Vnordry nitWo. null lift? 
 the apr.iling injustice of the traffic: firat, bf /educing The pHupcrigm ariHinrfrDm thi. trS^. h. " 
 larr- number, to diatres. and want ; andtLua, in th? more wide-.p" ad and ter^b^e than can »^\'^!fi!!,'' 
 nexti^ace, rendering it absolutely nece.aary' to tax Thousanda are robl^d of their hTdeJ^in^^^ 
 
 traffic. Itruina .tavictuns, and then throwa them forma of human wretchednc.a are it. produT: all tS 
 
 o« the charity of others tor aubsiatence. It would be 
 a just and righteoua law to throw the support of the 
 victims of intemperance upon those who encourage 
 the traffic, if iu entire prohibition could not be 
 secured. 
 
 6. Inlemperanee the Catut of Pauptritm in England. 
 
 Wherever the traffic exists, it must have the same 
 effect in producing poverty and want, for it leads to 
 idleneaa, negligence, wastefulneas, neglect of busi- 
 ness, and various dJssipatory habits. In Great Bri- 
 tain, in 1848, 648,591, 096 gallona of intoxicating liquors 
 were consumed ; while in the same year there were 
 469,251 retail licences issued ; there were no less than 
 61,802 engaged in its manufacture, and importers and 
 shops for its sale without number : can it therefore sur- 
 prise any rational person that there should have existed 
 at the aame time a prodigious amount of pauperism. 
 Accordingly in 1848, there were 3,000,000 in the 
 United Kingdom supported in whole or in part from 
 the poor rates. There were no less than 150,000 
 mendicants. The Home Secretary declared in the 
 House of Commons, " that every Tbnth Brilon was 
 a pauper," and what was the cause ? The Rev. H. 
 Worsley, M. A., of Oxford replies : — 
 
 " Thus drunlcenness at the present hour not only 
 revels and exults, but is actually encamped in our 
 land, there extends a long line of garrisoned forts from 
 one end of the UnfKd Kingdom to the other, each 
 possessed of the demon intemperance, diffusing a 
 baleful influence worse than the most deadly pesti- 
 lence ; the leagued powers of drunkenness are in 
 real occupation of a conquered country." And 
 again : — 
 
 " The al^ject want"and destitution are in the ma- 
 jority of instances, the necessary product of intem- 
 perance of parents. In the wide-spread, deep-rooted 
 national habit of intoxication, will be found the fun 
 damental cause, th ereal < Causb of causes.' " 
 %. Cauit of Pauperiim in New York. 
 
 Under the same circumstances, the same cause pro 
 duces the same invariable effect. The wrecks of 
 intemperance strew both sides of the Atlantic. A 
 Massaehuaetts Divine says :— << We have had statutes 
 by whose legal sanction the vilest men could deal 
 out intoxicating drinks which legislators thenlgelves 
 acknowledged to be the cause of, at least, two thirds 
 of all the pauperism that was in the land. 
 
 lo the SUte of New York in 1854, were, 
 Brewers, ----- 744 
 
 x/tsiisicra, - - - . . ^ly 
 
 Innkeeper!, • • ■ . 5195 
 Groceries, - - - . . 7775 
 
 Toui TTTiTT «'»'t««l^V"l' "P"" *'"' ^'"^ •'^«""- See Not^Non^ 
 
 iotal, 14,034 Appendix A. *^ 
 
 "^V. It *r*°^'\? *^?. °'*^ **^ ^"^ ^°* *•""* ^•»« Bxpanslon of iU immoraliUes la almost iai. 
 y^tt 14^34 places where liquors were made or sold in nite-everj Ucensed estoblishment ia a fooaa wh««I 
 1864. There was collected by direct taxatioa the th«»y.radiate, and back towards which the/ wSSl 
 prodigious Sam of $1,009,747 to aid the 130,000 be traced. The broad earth U tU th«rt» ofSSr 
 
 benevolent societiea in the world cannot relieve a 
 tilhe of the poverty which it cauaea. Physiciaas 
 cannot heal the diseaaes which it producea; the 
 voice of the pulpit ia almoat powerleaa againat its 
 monstrous catalogue of wretchedness ; it ia there- 
 fore that the axe should bo laid at the root 
 of this tree of evil, that the great cause of the 
 tmmorahty should be up-rooted— that the strong arm 
 of the law should be invoked for the protection of 
 society from the imraoralities and outrages of a 
 traffic which is always pernicious, and in all the de- 
 partmenta ofiifo, a conatant process of demoraliiation. 
 u.— Cbihr. 
 
 If however, the immorality of the traffic were sot 
 sufficiently proved by the povert;-, want, destituUoa 
 and wreteliednoss, which it produces, the criminal 
 results of the traffic stamp it as pre-eminently tk* 
 immoralily of this age. The Rev. Dr. Wayland verr 
 properly aska :— " Can it be RIGHT for me to derive 
 my living from that which is debasing the minds 
 ruining the souls, destroying forever the happiness 
 of the domestic circle, filling this land with women 
 and children in a far more .deplorable condition than 
 that of widows and orphans ; which is the cause of 
 nine-tenths of all the crim^and brings upon it niae- 
 tenths of all the pauperism that exists ; which does 
 Wl these things at onee e fJoes it without ceasing ?" 
 1. The Traffic in *. ,>, -^ an Immorality. 
 
 Can that traffic be justifie by a moral people which 
 holds out innumerable temptations to intemperanoe 
 which breaks up the very foundations of social haa.' 
 piness and purity, which broad-casts the land wito 
 paupers and criminals, and whose lamenutions and 
 waitings and utter wretchedness, cover the earth t 
 A business that produces such results is not barelr 
 an immorality, it is iUelf a crime against the whoto 
 community ; and among the greatest crimes whicii 
 man can commit against man, or man commit agairst 
 his creator,. To be a crItAinal involves a crimeTbut te^ 
 m<i*«criminal% to lay hold of youth in its innocence to. 
 undermine iU virtues by strong drinks, graduaUv to 
 demoralize and imbrute the feelings of the soul to 
 debauch the immortal nature, to lead on from Vico 
 to vice until reason is weak, virtue gone, hope lost 
 and crime enthroned on what was once a pure heart. 
 this before God is the height of criminality ; and for 
 a state to look on the ruin of iU citizens, to appoint 
 and pay men to enquire how manv have been soloet. 
 and still to sanction the process and throw the mZ. 
 Mctiou uf law around the eauie of crime, the migh^ 
 maker of criminals, is not merely a strong delnsioi 
 but It t rows the responsibility of thecrime thus coal 
 
 mittfld ..ink nnnn Iha Stata i<»ir O v.. ^V^^ . 
 
lit UfUT Tr^fie^—lU BtOt. 
 
 ■ormaato, th* horiion of the glob« ihuta Umbi not 
 
 Ib ; tiM TMt atmaltjr it thair boundwr. iTtrjrwbcr* 
 
 llM trafio li tilt ihiftftil partBt of tX\ tliat ii SaciUo»| 
 
 tlM Urribl* iBttimtor of all fonni, all modM of 
 
 VNtohadaaM. It U a central power radiaUng vice 
 
 •ad •riaa, aa tha lan radiataa light and haat. One 
 
 ti Ito craatira prodacta ia an incraaaed aptitude for 
 
 •fU. Uadar iU deinalona, the Jadgment ia atolen 
 
 I Away, the eonaciance ia atupified ; moral anaceptibili. 
 
 tiaa and raatrainta are remored : the mad paaaiona 
 
 MMh a tarribia excitement, the helm ia in the band 
 
 I of tha fiend ; and with all canTaa spread, the storm 
 
 i of paaaioB drirea onward to wrecli the soul on what- 
 
 •rav rook of crime Ilea in the sea of ite madness. 
 
 9.— CWsM la th» Sua* <ffN*w York— 4U Cmut.. 
 The connection I tween th" traffic as the cause, 
 Md crime aa the effect, ia so nndeniable, that it 
 I woold aaem unnecessary to aduce statistical eriden- 
 eaa or taatimony of the &ct. The reason wAy it 
 Aonld be BO, ia almost as palpable as the fact itaelf. 
 ▲ nan in a state of intemperance ia perfectly un 
 
 [ marded, all raatrainta are thrown aside, passion for 
 
 \ uta time ia omnipotent, the criminal disposition is 
 
 aeltad, and hence it is not wonderibl that assaults, 
 
 nreanlev, felonies, homicides and murders, are so 
 
 SMvantlT ita Tary legitimate production. 
 
 Mr. Ohipman, who in the spirit of the great How- 
 Md, Tiaitad all the countr and city Jails in the State 
 of New York in the year 1834-6, making inquries into 
 tba Btata of the priaons and tha causes of crime of the 
 Inmatoa, pnbliahed a moat nseflil report, full of 
 TalaaUe atatiatica, from which report tha foUowing 
 table is compiled. 
 
 Tabu ahawing the number in each Jail, whether 
 tanperate, intemparato, or doubtAil, in the SUte of 
 Naw York : 
 
 llo.eroo. 
 
 1 
 
 S 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 « 
 
 1 
 
 B 
 
 9 
 10 
 II 
 13 
 18 
 14 
 15 
 18 
 IT 
 18 
 19 
 SO 
 81 
 88 
 88 
 34 
 SB 
 
 ■ n 
 If 
 
 88 
 S» 
 
 mt 
 / 81 
 88 
 88 
 84 
 SB 
 
 I TamiMnue. | 
 16 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 11 
 13 
 
 6 
 13 
 
 la 
 s 
 
 a 
 
 13 
 30 
 
 a 
 
 B 
 31 
 10 
 
 6 
 33 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 16 
 
 1 
 14 
 
 8 
 10 
 
 1 
 13 
 
 8 
 
 a 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 8' 
 
 DoublAd I 
 
 17 
 
 8 
 
 •5 
 
 13 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 6 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 17 
 48 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 8 
 
 B 
 
 
 
 1 
 84 
 
 9 
 10 
 35 
 
 8 
 19 
 13 
 44 
 
 a 
 1 
 
 9 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 e 
 
 InknupereW. 
 
 82 
 
 49 
 
 16 
 
 14 
 
 90 
 
 34 
 
 26 
 
 83 
 124 
 
 12 
 
 16 
 
 61 
 
 135 
 
 3 
 
 8 
 
 61 
 
 34 
 
 37 
 
 68 
 
 36 
 3 
 
 45 
 345 
 
 47 
 
 71 
 
 86 
 
 60 
 110 
 
 60 
 
 60 
 
 95 
 
 86 
 
 35 
 
 46 
 
 8 
 ^8B 
 
 I TOUl. 
 
 14 
 
 67 
 
 18 
 
 17 
 113 
 
 40 
 
 83 
 
 63 
 153 
 
 23 
 
 21 
 
 81 
 313 
 
 13 
 
 16 
 
 76 
 
 43 
 
 49 
 
 88 
 
 3i 
 4 
 
 47 
 279 
 
 73 
 
 83 
 
 75 
 
 78 
 139 
 
 69 
 107 
 106 
 
 39 
 
 37 
 
 63 
 
 6 
 
 19 
 
 87 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 18 
 
 88 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 15 
 
 39 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 37 
 
 84 
 
 40 
 
 18 
 
 88 
 
 107 
 
 145 
 
 41 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 25 
 
 43 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 16 
 
 43 
 
 
 
 38 
 
 31 
 
 44 
 
 
 
 33 
 
 29 
 
 45 
 
 
 
 28 
 
 39 
 
 46 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 25 
 
 47 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 
 48 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 34 
 
 49 
 
 
 
 14 
 
 6 
 
 60 
 
 10 
 
 11 
 
 65 
 
 76 
 
 61 
 
 
 
 89 
 
 46 
 
 63 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 35 
 
 63 
 
 
 13 
 
 34 
 
 61 
 
 64 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 25 
 
 65 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 Total, 
 
 376 
 
 468 
 
 2328 
 
 3161 
 
 4. Catut 0/ Crifiu, at iUuttrated in the 8lat$ C»mviet$, m 
 AiAum and other Priiom. 
 This table does not include the numbers in the 
 large cities in the State, and, therefore, can only 
 exhibit the effects of the traffic In rural districts, and 
 among an agricultural people ; and yet among them 
 it shows that three-fourths of the crime committed 
 arose directly or indirectly f^om the traffic in liquor. 
 As a proof that the same cause {iroduces the same 
 effects then still, an examination of the returns of 
 the SUte P^ons will erince a similar result. In 
 1861, in the Auburn Prison, and the reports every year 
 since hare added yearly confirmation to the truth 
 of the connection between crime and intemperance,— 
 the inspectors stated that out of the whole number 
 of 617, there were intoxicated when they committed 
 the crime 186 ; intemperate, 371 ; and of the 303 
 conricU committed to Auburn during that year, tha 
 Warden made the following return : — 
 
 " Temperate, . . . . loo 
 
 138 
 40 
 18 
 
 " Intemperate, 
 
 " Moderate drinkers, 
 
 " Occasional drinken, 
 
 "Total, . . . 303"' 
 The Chaplain of the Auburn Prison after minitely 
 examining into the habits of the conricta committed 
 in that year reports thu* : — 
 
 " Intemperate, • • . 871 
 " Moderate drinkers, 298 
 
 " Intoxicated when thay com- 
 mitted tha crime . . 186 
 
 -V . M4" 
 
 There are two other prisonsRn the SUte, aamely 
 Sing Sing and Clinton. Tha following ia an impar. 
 tial stotement of the crime consequent on the traffic 
 as far as the caaea of the inmates of those three State 
 Priaona diadoae It for the year, 1861: — 
 
 Auburn, 
 Sing Sing, 
 Clinton, 
 
 Terapenui. 
 
 109 
 
 170 
 
 35 
 
 814 
 
 iMctspanie. 
 
 138 
 
 139 
 
 79 
 
 846 
 
 Moderaw 
 Drinkan. 
 
 66 
 
 M 
 U 
 
 56 
 
 Total. 
 
 399 
 114 
 
 ___^ 716 
 
 Fonr hundred and fiw^-six out o^ ^6 conrictiona 
 are thus identified with the trade in ardent spirita, 
 ahowing that mora tiuui one-half of tha State crimi- 
 nala ware nado eriaiiMria bgr ft tnfie wl|i«b tha l«w 
 aaokJoaad. 
 
16 
 M 
 14* 
 M 
 1« 
 M 
 
 M 
 » 
 
 14 
 < 
 
 4f 
 » 
 
 ftl 
 IS 
 
 10 
 
 3161 
 
 2%« Ufi^r Tnjk,~llt Efftrit. 
 
 Totol. 
 
 999 
 114 
 
 119 
 
 I 
 
 Th« Mm* eoantctlon bttwMn th* traffio Md iu 
 OBflullng product-«-iW, ii maniftat from the rcturna 
 of their city P«iltentl«TlM. In 1854, the Warden of ilie 
 P«BlUntiu7 at BUekwrlli Ul.nd, r*porti 1085 com- 
 mltmanti, Md layt " A ir*ry Urfia mi^j.irlty of the 
 number were committed for intemperance." 
 
 In the Albany PenltenUary the commitmenu, for 
 I8S4, were aa follows :— Intemperate «34, profe»«lni{ 
 them.e ve. to be temperate, 38. On tbii return tlie 
 Obaplain of that admirably conducted «(Ubll«hment 
 remarki, "on the lubjact of Temperance by reference 
 * to the lUUiticf of the Superintendent, it will be 
 
 •een that it rereali a itata of things of the saddest 
 character. You teiU teare*lf find tktn at any lim tA* 
 rteord of *lnelly ttrnprratt." 
 
 6. CauH (/ CritM a* iUuttrattd Ay Poliet Retumi. 
 
 From the Police RaporU for the city of New York, 
 the resnlU of the traffic may be learned in that city. 
 The whole number of arrests in eight years precedinir 
 1854 were 220,086 » * r a 
 
 For disorderly conduct, . 34,735 
 
 Intoxication and disorderly conduct, 48,277 
 
 Intoiication 93,944 
 
 All other causes, . . . 43^130 
 
 Xotftl, , 220 08fl 
 
 The prodigious amount of crime in' the citr of k..!Jk' '"*"'? .*?' "^""« ^'^'^^ <"> *•>• PMcal health &t 
 
 be ranked the traffic in ardent spirits. The uUtm 
 
 and foreigners, the coloured andwhite populatioB. 
 
 all alike are the viclims of this deadly trade. | 
 
 e. C*UM «/ CrwM «i Onat Brilmiit. 
 
 Kor can there be any doabt but that a Ian* I 
 proporUon of the 42,207 coBTlctions la Bnglaal 
 and Ireland, for the year 1840, the latest returaa 
 at hand, arose fh)m the same cause. The 
 of the House of Commons before mentloMdl 
 ttsrribes the crime In Great Rrltaln to the rulnou ' 
 eflbcU of Intemperance, as follows :— 
 
 "The spread of crime In erery sbapa and (bra, 
 
 from theft, fraud, and prostitution in the yonoff, 
 to burnings, robberies, and more hardened oflTpneM 
 in the old ; by which the Jails and prisons, the huUn 
 and couTict transports are filled with inmates ; and 
 an enormous mass of human beings, who undai 
 sober habits and moral training would be eourcea 0; 
 wealth ami strenifth to the country are transformed 
 CHiirLY through the remote or immediate Influcnoa 
 of intoxicating drinks, into excresoncet of corruption 
 weakness." 
 
 The followini? sUtement aud facts from the Xdim- 
 burgh Btvuw, for October, 1854, attest the existence 
 in Great Britain of the same evils at the present day. 
 ". ""'J'''***"'" ''""'" n>«y be entertained concemiiw 
 the effect of strong drink on the physical health^ 
 
 affirms, from the fact that hundreds of thousunds of 
 »he poor fh)m Europe, and many of the criminal 
 classes, there first touch American soil. But, when 
 places almost without number, are open for intem- 
 perance, no other resultthan crime could rationally be 
 anticipated. On the 30th of June last the arrests fo. 
 crime in that city in the six preceding months were as 
 lollows :— 
 
 Intoxication and disorderly conduct, 0,755 
 Grimes originating in dram shops, 7,025 
 AU other causes, . . . 6,330 
 
 ^ot»li . . • . 22,110 
 At the same date the city possessed ample accom- 
 modations for aU whose sppeUtes led them to 
 indulgence. 
 
 Unlicensed houses where liquors wy . M, 1,222 
 Disorderly houses where liquors wer t.Hd, 1,058 
 Grocery Shops, .... 3799 
 
 Large Beer Shops, . . . .' i'o88 
 Wholesale Bstablishmenta, . . '183 
 
 J»^«™«. 336 
 
 Tarems with gnmhling aecommodatloni, 930 
 gP*?*" Sundays, . . . ' 6,893 
 
 Kept by Women, . • ! . '23I 
 
 II byjiegroes. . . . j 22 
 
 Distilleries, not known, 
 Breweries, do. . . , '. 
 Places for the adulteration of liquors ' 7,1 03 
 «^li^ Mch an array of agencies for corrupting 
 S^& ""r »J°'^ *••* d^relopment of the criminal 
 tOLdenoy of the depraved, it ceases to be a subject of 
 astonishment, that in one half year 32,110 were 
 MTested. 
 The returns made out yearly in each State bv the 
 
 pwple, exhibit almost universidly the same result, 
 lu . 2*7 '•^ proportion of crime is produced by 
 the trafflc In alcoholic beveragea. To this it is to be 
 MCribed, that not only their county Jails, but their 
 ClU and State Penitentiaries are filled with criminals. 
 --AppMidix R oontaina in a tabular view a full 
 ■tatoaoent of crime in the United States, among the 
 most froitAiI caosea of which, nnquesUonablymuat 
 
 allowed by every one who has the allghteat know- 
 ledge of the labouring classes. Yet, we conftaa that 
 we were not prepared to find ao overwhelnulng * 
 proportion of crime directly cauaed by intemperanM: 
 and we think tlie temperance aociety baa done good 
 service by the evidence which it haa publiahad m 
 this branch of the subject The testimonies of the 
 Vu*"»*'* •*«""«lnRlr unanimous and conclnaiT*. 
 Thus Judge Coleridge sfcys— ' Then is vcarcely • 
 crime comes before me that is not directly or in- 
 directly, cauaed by strong drink.' Judge Patterson 
 observes to a grand Jury—' If it were not for thii 
 drinking you and I would have nothing to do.' 
 Judge Alderson anya—< Drunkenness is the most 
 fertile cause of crime ; If It were removed this large 
 calender would become a very small one.' I find la 
 ilf "i° e^e»y calender, one unfailing cause of four- 
 fifths of the Crimea is the sin of drunkenness. Jndge 
 ro!^?!. ^•^•, ^^^"' declaring (at Salisbury, In 
 1844,) tbat ninety-nine cases out of every hundred 
 are from this cause." A more " recent tosUmoay to 
 the same effect has been Invested with a mouroftal 
 solemnity. It was g'ven literally with the expiriac 
 breath of Judge Talfourd. In the charge with which 
 he opened the last Stafford Assizes, after lamentinc 
 the unusual heaviness of the calender; and the 
 atrocity of the offencea therein contained, he went 
 on to aay, that these might in most cases be traced 
 to the vice of intemperance. He lamented th« de- 
 graded state which this implied in the woridmr 
 classes, and spoke strongly of the duty inenmbenton 
 the higher ranks to endeavour, by kindneaa and 
 sympathy to wean their poorer neighboura from aneh 
 sordid sensuflUty. He was atlU dwelling with great 
 energy oa thia aubject, when he waa allenced by tb* 
 Btroke of death. Would that hia drinir word. mUKt 
 and au echo in the hearte of hia conntiymen. 
 
 " To these atotemente reapecting England, mar be 
 added eviuenoe from Scotland, which ahowa thatitt 
 caae ia aimilar or worae. One of the Judges of the 
 Circuit Court of Olaagow, atatod tbat out of ei«btT 
 criminaU, aentenced to punishment, almost erery 
 one had committed his crime tbroagh the inineace 
 o« intoxicating liquors. So the cbaplain'a report of 
 the Glasgow priaon, for 1845, alBrnu that to tt« 
 
H» Uqmr Ti^tk—ht J^^vto 
 
 labil of dninbMn ti m»j be tracad tbe oflTrncet of at 
 
 IfMMt thrct-foaiibt of thoM Ibat 
 
 coma to priton. The 
 
 Mvaniori of k fo number of priioni in 
 iMtland and 8«oU ...d and Ireland, gWe ilmllar 
 •vMenre." 
 
 Ab to the crime growing out of thii traffic, C. 
 Ovwafl. Ktq^ II. P., bean the following ctidenco :— 
 , " No one could feel more th^n he did the degrada- 
 ♦Ion, the aorrow, the mlttry, and the dctolatiun which 
 \tbla Mcurae<i tlce had been the nieani of entailing 
 fcr to long a |ieriod on their beloved country, and 
 MrneiU/ did he dctire that there were lome appcar- 
 Mea of aome infant Merculei ariiing In hia ilrength 
 to MtUok thii hundrtd-headed monvter, and lay it for 
 •var In the dutU He liad a blue book in bia hand, 
 tka report of the cunimitlee ou piibliohouioa in 
 England ; and a more inntructive, and at the lame 
 Una more melancholy volume, it wasi never hia lot 
 to Dcruie. The picturea which it prciented of the 
 wile, the ruin, th« misery, and the degradation to 
 which their ftllow-iubjerU of the humbler ranki in 
 lagl^nd were exposed (by the Itucnse ayatem) was 
 Me well fitted to appal the itouteat heart." 
 
 That diitinguiihod Juriat, Mr. Juatice Talfourd, a 
 pcraon •minent for scholarahip, and hia many 
 ebriatUn virtue*, and more than ordinarily eminent 
 for tail abilitioa as a Judge, in hia Inst addrena to the 
 Qrasd Jury haa left a faithful teatimony against the 
 ^t^fic. There were upwarda of 100 caiea on the list, 
 •ad thele had been cauied by intemperance, lie 
 died while delivering thia laat charge u,;ain8t thiH 
 greateat English vice. He said, " No doubt that the 
 moitlng cause In the far larger number of these 
 •M«8-~the exciting cause that every judge has to 
 4*pl0L-« in every county of this land— is that which 
 VMjuatly called in the admirablo discourse to which 
 I llat^d yesterday from the SheriflTa Chaplain, 
 • the iTcatcst English vi<i'e,' which makes us a bye- 
 woidi and a reproach among nations, who, in other 
 tttjMcta are inferior to us, and have not the same 
 noHe principles of Christianity to guide and direct 
 (Mm — I mean the vice of drunkenne»i. Xo doubt that 
 fhia in most of these cases, ia the immediate cause, 
 hnd it is a cause in two ways of tho^jcrinu s which 
 \ ^Irfll come before you, and especially of the crime of 
 Pfhway robbery ; for whereas on the one hand, it 
 Ithfl up evil, awakcns'roalicc, and kindles the slum- 
 birMig passions of the human heart, and puts the 
 nuon into a state of twilight, so, on thn other band 
 K points out the victim as the person to be robbed, 
 \!J presontiug temptations to those who see him ex- 
 posing his money in public house after public house; 
 or in a state of drunkenness he finds himself a sharer 
 ia a sin from which domestic tics should keep him, 
 ■ad ia orertaken by his partner in that sin who adds 
 to it another crime, or he is marked out by some of 
 ««r wicked associates." 
 
 y 7. Amount of Crime in Ortat Britain, 
 
 From these statements of eminent Englishmen 
 fUative to the causality of crime, it is apparent that 
 , a very large proportion of the crime in Great Britain 
 r^ast originate in the trofSc in ardent spirite. The 
 a^uberofarresUin Great Britain for crimes of all 
 IIMta have been estimated annually at 3,000,000; 
 .jpad Cut of these 1,800,000 have been ascribed I > the 
 I cf alcoholic drinks. But assuming that but one- 
 fof jhe crime in England and Ireland results from 
 lie irainc, a proportion far below the real tacts of the 
 ■ evinced both by the testimony of anim> 
 ttle characters, and by data of undeniable cer- 
 ■ty, what a fBarftil and monstrous evil is intemper- 
 { anca. The following returns for England and Ireland 
 exhibit the fruit* of this trafBc in our father-land for 
 thratjeara; — • 
 
 Tear. 
 
 Total 
 ConvlcMtl. 
 
 EaghUMl. 
 
 lNlaa4. CoMBriuals 
 
 1840 
 1843 
 1849 
 
 31,134 
 39,713 
 43,303 
 
 37,087 
 39,691 
 37,810 
 
 84,494 
 
 33,831 
 30,130 
 41,989 
 
 60,908 
 49,717 
 09,806 
 
 Total in 3 years 
 
 103,039 
 
 86,930 1 170,430 
 
 After a careftil exhminatlon of the facts, therefore, 
 proving beyond all question the connei-tion existing 
 between the traWr and the criiics In commnnity, it 
 •eems impoiiible to come to any other concli'sion, 
 than that so energetically expressed by K. P. flood, 
 of York, England, in his able work on the Agt Mi 
 it* Archil erit: — 
 
 " TIic conclusion is Irresistible, a^d the conviction 
 must fasten itself on everv candid mind, that Igno- 
 rance and depravity, thieving and prostitution, 
 pauperism and want, the vice of parents, the crime 
 of their children, to an extent bpyond whot has been 
 appreciated, or even *urmittd by the community, at 
 lurf^e, are produced proximately or remotely, bat 
 ronlly produced by intemptranci. 
 
 111. — IMaAMITT. 
 
 1. Caut* of Intonitjf. 
 
 Leaving, then, the onnsideradon of theeffecis of thia 
 traflic on the morals uf society, another question and 
 one of great gravity arises, tchat efect hai it on tkt 
 mindt If it can be proved from its terrible produc- 
 tion of want and crime to be the worst of immorali- 
 ties, by what name shall it be catalogued among the 
 demons of evil, if, on a fair enquiry, it is found not 
 only to demoralize, but to destroy the mind ? In the 
 Report of the British House of Commons there is the 
 following enumeration of some of the evils of the 
 traflic in Great Britain. 
 
 " That the following are only a few of the evils 
 directly springing from this baneful source ; — des- 
 truction of health, disease in every form and shape, 
 premature decripitude in the old, stunted growth and 
 genernl debility and decay in the young; loss of life 
 by paroxysms, apoplexies, drownings, burnings and 
 accidents of various kinds, delirium tremens, one of 
 the most awful afflictions of humanity ; paralyses, 
 idiocy, MADNKsa, and violent death." 
 
 This statement, published under the sanction of 
 the most august body on the globe, the British House 
 of Commons, has been for twenty years before the 
 public, and has never yet had its accuracy questioned. 
 That idiocy and insanity result from intemperance 
 may not be generally known, but it is an indisput- 
 able truth. In Great Britain the number of Insane 
 persons have been estimated to be 39,806. 
 
 The number in 1841, as retorned by the census of 
 that year, was, — 
 
 In England, . ' . . 16,896 
 In Scotland, . . . 7,000 
 
 In Ireland. ... 16,000 
 
 Total, . . . 39,896 
 Dr. Brown in his work on Hereditary Intanity, after 
 
 collecting the preceding statistics, says of the 39,896 
 
 idiots and maniacs in Great Britain, — 
 " Tbree-fuurliia or 28,822 of which number, we 
 
 may safely assert, have been deranged by the use of 
 
 stropg drinlCs — a number oqaal to ttie population of 
 
 a good sized town." 
 
 Dr. Ellis, Physician to the Middlesex Lunatic 
 Asylum, being asked by tha Parliamentary Com- 
 mittee, if drinking spirita produced hmaqf, replied : — 
 
 ( 
 
 L 
 te 
 sa 
 
we 
 
 I 
 
 W...IU of l„..„|,y f„„„; .. Ak»1„ h" «' .:1" O ,h ^'" ^'"' 'T'"" K'^- 
 twenly^iKhl cm„ .droltted lam »«Arn ,.,.-„.„.." '.''• '"»" proniluenl c*tii 
 
 proniit 
 Aijlum : — 
 
 ..iT«i (he per cent, of Inianlt/ 1 
 cAtiiei fur el«ren jtnf In UlC 
 
 CauiiM. 
 
 Ill Hralih 
 HpIIiiIoui 
 
 eiclti'iii'i 
 Tlw (IfiM:- 
 
 ilun*, 
 I'ropwrijr, 
 MaMurlia> 
 
 lion, 
 Inleinpff 
 
 aiie« 
 
 IMI 
 
 iMt iNa 
 
 twenly^i,fl,l cm„ ■droltted lant year a recent caioi 
 
 t'!*^"' of lho.e tiveaty-eightfv ore druZrt '." ' 
 
 •ane hiHl? "'''""''»" »"»»'''» v'»ited .ererol in- 
 
 ur 400 maniac* in one hoipiuj, 257 ^beinir 24 mnr« 
 than one-half) were deprived of rcn,. n b/drlnrn/ 
 AndagaL, ■•.If 781 maniac. |„ different ho SuJ 
 392 (beluK 'Kftin more than the half) were deurlv.d 
 of rea«on in the taroe way." ' aeprlved 
 
 Hr. Rohlngon inspected ninetr-elirht Airlnmi In 
 Englund and Wale,, and fn hi', report .taicrtl,.t 
 more han one.«ercnth of the In.anlt; wa. cau/e d by 
 
 Lron^ 'tioTrru'" ''u """^ •f"""" f"' •'•timated tl e 
 proportion of Insanity caused by the use of gniritj to 
 
 b? Or H WilLm? ^ ••P»rated place, wa. prepared I were produced by the use of Intoxicating li. uora. 
 ■^ • ^V"" . '.•"> ^"'»«'« »<»'«• there are 31,307 IdioU and L- 
 
 i-a 
 
 «M 
 
 IHU 
 
 IS3II 
 
 e 
 
 i»i 
 
 ITi 
 
 •«» 
 
 H 
 
 •J 
 
 H 
 
 •* 
 
 1 
 
 y 
 
 III 
 
 It 
 •* 
 
 «l 
 
 M 
 
 «l 
 
 I0| 
 
 s 
 
 »l 
 
 »l 
 
 !•* 
 
 1 1)» 
 l< 
 
 •i 
 
 ••4 
 
 •I* 
 
 ii«) 
 
 IMHi 
 
 M 
 41 
 
 '•a 
 
 •«4 
 
 "I 
 •i 
 
 3* 
 
 UM>U| 
 
 in 
 
 
 7 
 
 •I 
 
 S 
 
 Chnrenton, 
 
 Biretream, 
 
 Bordeaux, 
 
 Turin, 1831, 
 
 Turin, 1836, 
 
 Gard, 
 
 United ^tatea, 
 
 Palcrm" 
 
 Oaea, 
 
 Dundr«, 
 
 M. Paichappe, 
 
 M- Bottex, 
 
 Toul Intone. 
 
 855 
 
 2212 
 
 166 
 
 158 
 
 390 
 
 209 
 
 SSI 
 
 189 
 
 60 
 
 14 
 
 167 
 
 288 
 
 Prsiwrllon riiii«ei| by 
 liili'iii|«ranee. 
 
 134 
 
 414 
 
 20 
 
 17 
 
 78 
 
 4 
 
 146 
 
 9 
 
 16 
 
 4 
 
 46 
 
 64 
 
 The proportion of insane penona caused by stronir 
 drinks is more than one-sixth, or 940 out of R,249. 
 2. Catut of Tfuanily in the United States. 
 
 nu'!i''!?. *""■***.""'"'"' attention Js directed to the 
 United States, the traffic there in alcohol is found 
 as productive of insanity as in the mother coun";^ 
 di^tln^LTK f"'",""''"'" Of e'Kht asylums proved 
 distinctly that a large per centum of Insanity was 
 caused by intemperance. The result of that examb! 
 ation is subjoined :— pxamm- 
 
 Aiylums. 
 
 MassachusetU Lunatic Hosp'l, 
 
 Bloomingdale Asylum 
 
 Frankfort, Pa. 
 
 Pennsylrania 
 
 Western Lunatic Asylum, 
 
 Ohio Lunatic, do , 
 
 Ohio Asylum, for 3 years. 
 
 CiiuM-d hy 
 liiteiiiperanee. 
 
 204 
 26 
 
 9 
 16 
 14 
 
 7 
 91 
 
 297 
 
 Other 
 Cautes. 
 
 1238 
 
 181 
 
 67 
 
 144 
 
 102 
 
 69 
 
 2113 
 
 3. Addi(ional/aet4. 
 In 1843, out of 178 cases of insanity in the Boatnn 
 
 £».;:!l'*'^'":?i '' """' ''*'' been^aused by in- 
 temperance. The proportion of patients fVom the 
 
 «mecan,e ha. not materially differed since,". f„ 
 
 M can be ucertained from tbd reports. In the 
 
 In the eastern asylum in Virginia of 9d paUeaul 
 18 had been rodticod to insanity through stroac 
 drinks; and of 226 in the Ohio Asylum, 35 <Js 
 
 Ltl 
 
 ,'-~. .».»»< •■lu uuna»l 
 
 tics, according to the census of 1850, ,• d if it be (U-f 
 suraed that n proportion, such as the preceding sUte> 
 ments would juHtify-and which sUteraents are r*. 
 ther below than above the real truth— there must 
 then be not leis than 6000 of these unfortunate crea- 
 tiires who have been reduced to that -nost deplor»' 
 ble and pitiable of all eartiily conditions by the tralle 
 in alchohol. In (!anada the census cf 1851-2 returns ! 
 no less than 2,802 Lunatics, and doubtless the same 
 cause has operated to produce them. It is this trane i 
 which most powerfully assists in reducing one oat of 
 every C57 of our Canadian population, to a state of | 
 utter and hopeless wretchedness and irreoorerable 
 mania. 
 
 Du the evil does not stop here. The trafflc con- 
 verts innumerable sane persons into maniacs, and 
 having once developed insanity in the parent it pro- 
 pagates it in thooffspring. " One drunkard beget, ano- 
 ther said Plutarch. " Dru/i!-cn women bring forth 
 children like themselves," said Aristotle, Modara 
 facts establish the truth of these sayings. On a re- 
 port made a few years ago on Idiocy to the Legisla- 
 ture ol Massachussetts, amongst other facts adduced 
 by N. How, he states :— " The hablu of the pni>en^ I 
 of 300 of the Idiots were learned, and 145 or nearly 
 one-half are reported as known to be habitual drunk- 
 ards." 
 
 4. Conelution. 
 The conclusion to which the mind is irresi.tabir 
 impelled by these facts, demonstrative and Illustra- 
 tive of the evils arising from the traffic, and it. un- 
 mitigated immorality, manifested in the destitution, 
 want, wretchedness, vice, crime insanity, and idiocy 
 which invariably, in all places proceed fi-om It, to, 
 that the morality of society, in fact the safety of 
 society, from its physical, social, moral and intelec- 
 tnal evili. requires its ." absolute proribition." TUs 
 conclusion'is one with which the grca t and good men 
 in England and America with wont.erf\il harmony 
 sympathize. They see In this traffic. In the usasM 
 
 which it htta enknghra*nA !»• 4lijk k«u:«. }* i j».^ m 
 
 and in the strength with which it has surrounded It- 
 self, the monster evil of this generation. TheaM 
 who have been converted into paupers, mcndicanto 
 criminals and maniacs by this traffic, constitute i 
 vast army in number, sufficient, bad they never .of- 
 fered from this relentless evil, to protect the cIvHIm. 
 tion and liberty of the world. As it is, it reqnires an 
 army in point of numbers, to protect the world hom 
 their ravage., and aach • commitariat a. no anay 
 
The Uqmr Tri^ffie.~-Iu J^ffieti. 
 
 rn yet poiieued toiupplj their vants. Were all the 
 rietimi of this traffic brought together, the poverty 
 'ricken, the diieaaed, the maimed, the vicious, the 
 riminal, the inebriated, the insane, the idiotic and 
 he dead, what a pandemonium would it present f 
 1. The deiire toput an end to the traffic exists strongly 
 "n the other aide of the Atlantic ; the press in pow- 
 *-l quarters is advocating the doctrine of prohibi- 
 tion. The "Edinbi rgh Review" in an article on Tee- 
 lism and the Liquor Trade seems swayed by the 
 I of the traffic towards Prohibition. " In these 
 IdiQrs there is more reason than ever to welcome evny 
 Imtmu which may tend to refine and elevate the de- 
 llBoeracy of England. They who are carelessly in- 
 IdUTerent to the welfare of their brethren, and feel no 
 lOhristian 'sympathy in their moral progress, should 
 I now promote it if only from seifish motives. The 
 ■political changes which are looming in the distance, 
 lirhatever shape they may take, cannot fail to give 
 Iftddedpower to the poor. As years pass on the 
 I Mvereign people is lik'>ly to become more and more 
 ■ Absolute in its sovereignty. If Lemuel was right it 
 I would be best for all parties that King Demos should 
 I be a water drinker, and in the prospect of his reign, 
 I the rich have assuredly every reason to desire an 
 I appeal from Demos drunk to Demos sober." The 
 I opinion of the Tima, the most potent publication 
 I in the world was recorded as far back as 1853. " It 
 I if a peculiarity of spirit-drinking that the money 
 ■pent in it is at the best thrown away. It neither 
 ■applies the natural wants of man, nor offers an ade- 
 qaate substitution for them. Indeed it it far too fa- 
 vmrahlt a vitw of the subject, to treat the money epent 
 \<Mit<u\fit vere catt into the tea, yet, even so, there is 
 ■omething so exceedingly irritating in the reflection 
 I that a great part of a harvest raised with infinite care 
 •nd pains on an ungrateful soil, and in an inhospita- 
 ble climate, instead of adding to the national wealth 
 or bringing the rich returns which in this season of 
 famine it could not fail to command, is poured in the 
 ahape of liquid fire down the throats of the nation 
 that produced it, and instead of leaving them richer 
 ' and happier, tends to impoverish them by the waste 
 I of labour and capital, and to degrade them by vicious 
 ; aitd debilitating indulgence. A great portion of the 
 I harvest of Sweden, and of many other countries is 
 applied to a purpose, compared with which it would 
 have been better that the corn had nevergrown, orthat 
 it had been mildewed in the ear. JVb way to rapid to 
 insrtatetkevealth ofnationt and the morality of toetety 
 eouldbe deuited at the utter annihilation of the manufae- 
 tun of ardent tpiritt, eonitituiing at they do, an infinite 
 woKt. and an unmixed evil." **««*«* 
 " The man who shall invent a really efficient anti- 
 dote to this system of voluntary and daily poisoning 
 irill deserre a high place among the benefactors of 
 bis species. He will increase the riches of nations, 
 and the morality of individuals without the demand 
 of any extra labour, or the sacrifice of any healthful 
 l^easure, but merely by the better distribution of those 
 Itands which the industry of a people has created, but 
 which their foUy dissipates in the consumption 
 of these baneibl compounds. Whether he bfrthe 
 occapant of a throne or a cottage— die King— the 
 Preacher, or the Peasant— such a hak m tbi obeat 
 
 ttAHt Or xEE ua.x." 
 
 Fahlic opinion is awakening rapidly in England to 
 Che immoralities of this traffic. The London Atlat 
 With great energy demands prohibition :— " Instaed 
 of beating about for objections to the legal suppres- 
 aion of the liquor traffic, every patriotic citizen should 
 enquire, what shall be done with this dire, this dead- 
 Ail cause of evil ? Suppose some monster had ap- 
 peared in these lands ; and in one place, he seised a 
 
 man's hand and made him cat his throat ; in ano- 
 ther he made one throw himself out of a window ; 
 in another he instigated a women to mhrder her hus- 
 band ; then he subjected a man to so much l>odily and 
 mental torture that he drove him out of his mind ; 
 then he entered a happy family, and induced the 
 parents to half starve the children, and to make their 
 home most desolate ; then he got on the jea, set 
 ships on fire, run others ashore,* made thvKcaptain 
 treat the men most barbarously, and committed all 
 kinds of cruelties and excesses; and suppose he car- 
 ried on his depredations on so extensive a scale, that 
 the victims whose death he occasioned, or whose 
 character and circumstances he mined, amounted to 
 thousands in the course of a single year ; while at 
 the same time he cost the British Nation, to prevent, 
 detect, and punish the crimes he either attempted or 
 effected, several millions of pounds annually : and 
 suppose he had carried on these depredations for a 
 series of years until he had brought myriads to dis- 
 ease, poverty, end death,— what a sensation it would 
 produce in the nation ! We should bear of nothing 
 but this monster. ISvery newspaper in the kingdom, 
 every railway and electric telegraph ; every judge, ma- 
 gistrate, policeman, and constable would be laid under 
 tribute to catch, convict and punish this wholesale 
 criminal. Whenever the British Parliament met, the 
 firstquestion, the all-a()sorbing topic would be: — ' The 
 monster I Who is he 7 Has he been captured ? Where 
 is he to be found ?' Yes, and in the destruction of 
 such a murderer of her Majesty's subjects, such a 
 ruiner general, it would not be thought too much to 
 employ both* the Army and Navy." 
 
 2. Passing from the Press to the Judges of England 
 Mr. Justice Park stated in one of his charges : — "He 
 had often had occasion to lament the existence of the 
 great number of Public-houses and beer houses, 
 which he was covinced were productive of the great- 
 est der loralization and drunkenness, and he entirely 
 concurred in the opinion expressed by that great and 
 good man and Judge, Sir Matthew Hale, more than a 
 century ago, " that if all the crimes that were commit- 
 ted could be divided into five parts, four of them 
 would be found to have had their origin inii public 
 house." 
 
 3. At the York Assizes Mr. Baron Alderson used the 
 following language : — " If all men could be dissuaded 
 fVom the use of intoxicating liquors, his office and 
 that of the Judges throughout the kingdom would 
 become a sinecure." 
 
 4. At Carmarthep Sir J.Oudney in hisaddresA to the 
 Grand Jury observed : — " that his experience con- 
 firmed him more and more in the opinion that nearly 
 every crime had its origin immediately or remotely 
 in the prevelent vice of drunkenness." To another 
 he also , stated: — "That drunkenness was the most 
 fertile cause of crime in England, and that if the of- 
 fences committed by and upon drunken men were 
 removed, the assizes of this country would be reduc- 
 ed almost to a nullity." To which may be added the 
 testimoney of Judge McClure of Pennsylvania : " I 
 shall cease to prate any more to Grand Juries about 
 this omnipotent parent of crime, alchohol. If a cen- 
 tury of imbecile legislation has not sufficed to con- 
 vince reasonable men ; if crimes and poverty before 
 tL«u' facttii Lavti iiUied to vuuviuue ; if a ceaaless 
 drain upon their charity, from destitution caused by 
 drink ; if their increased taxes ; if men's eyes and 
 ears will not convince ; if the evidences of our senses 
 will not enlighten our understanding, in this behidf 
 and cause in the community corresponding Actt, 
 prompted by duty and common sense, then to talk on' 
 this theme longer is time thrown away." 
 
 5. Judge Pattisou said to the Grand Jury :— '' If Ik 
 
 I 
 
The Liquor Tr^ffl<>^U EffteU. 
 
 ' 
 
 were not for this drinking you and I wbnld iiare no- 
 ttiing to do." 
 
 6. At Salisbury Mr. Justice Erskine declared " that 
 ninety-nine out of every hundred criminal cases were 
 from the same cause." 
 
 f. Judge Coibridge at the Oxford Assize said, he ne- 
 ver knew a case brought before him which was not 
 directly or indirectly connected with intoxicating 
 liquors." 
 
 If the testimonies of Divines be needed, they are in- 
 numerable. 
 
 1. The Rt.Rv.A. Potter, Bishop of Pensylvania, in his 
 useful tract on drinking nsuages and the adulteration 
 of liquors very justly remarks :— " In the presence of 
 facts like these I ask what is duty ?— Were nine out 
 of ten of the coins or bank bills which circulate 
 counterfeit, we should feel obliged to decline them 
 altogether. We should sooner despense entirely with 
 such a medium of circulation than incur the hazard 
 which would be involved in using it. Aijd even if 
 we could discriminate unerringly ourselves, between 
 the spurious and the genuine, we should still abstain 
 
 ^ for the take o/otherg, lest our example in taking such 
 a medium at such a time should encourage fabrieaiori 
 in their work of fraud, and lead the unwary and ignorant 
 to become their vietinu." 
 
 2. The Rev.Dr.Matthews, the great Irish Phil ro- 
 pist declares :— " I have no hesitation in saying 
 that strong drink is Anti-Chritt. It is opposed to 
 the precepts of Christ, to his example— to his design 
 and to his reign." 
 
 3. That eminent and learned man the Rev. John 
 Wesley, a scholar, a philanthropist and Divine, be- 
 queathed to posterity his earnest protest against the 
 ruinous traffic : — " Neither may we gain by hurting 
 onr neighbbur in the body. Therefore we may not 
 aell anything that tends to impair his health. Such 
 is. eminently, all that liquid fire called drams or 
 spirituous liquors. It is true, they may have a place 
 in medicine ; may be used in some bodily disorders ; 
 although thers would rarely be occasion for them, 
 
 , were it not for the unskilfulness of the practitioner. 
 Therefore such as prepare and sell them only for this 
 end may keep their conscience clear. But who are 
 they who prepare and sell tnem only for this end ? 
 Do you know ten distillers in England ? Then ex- 
 cuse these. But ail who sell them in the common 
 way to any that will buy, are poisoners in general. 
 They murder ker M^esty's subjects by wholesale ; 
 neither do their eyes pity nor spare. They drive them 
 to hell like sheep. And what is their gain ? Is it 
 not the blood of these men ? Who, then would envy 
 their large estates and sumptuous palaces ? A curse 
 is in the midst of them. A curse cleaves to the stones 
 to the timber, to the furniture of them ! The curse 
 of God is in their gardens, their walks, their groves, 
 a fire that burns to the nethermost belli Blood, 
 Blood is there ! The foundation, the walls, the roof 
 are stoined with blood; and canst thou hope 
 man of blood, though thou art clothed in scarlet and 
 fine linen, and farest sumptuously every day, canst 
 thou hope to deliver down thy fields of blood to the 
 third generation ? Not So I There is a God in 
 heaven, therefore thy name shall be blotted out. 
 Like &3 ihoie, wiium tUou host destroyed body and 
 soul, thy memory shall perish with thee." 
 
 4. The Bt. Rv. Bishop Meade of Virginia in a very 
 solemn address says :— " St. Paul speaking by the 
 Spirit considers it his duty in each of his epistle to 
 Timothy and Titus to eiyoln sobriety and temperance 
 to Bishops; laying it down as a rule that they must 
 not be given to wine ; recommending only a little 
 wine to them for frequent infirmities. How much 
 
 11 
 
 more important is great abstinence now, when a 
 comparative modem discovery has made it so much 
 more dangerous to touch, taste, or handle, anvthinir 
 that intoxicates." » ^ a 
 
 6. The Rev. Dr. Doyle, the Roman Catholic Bishop 
 of Kildare, bears a strong and unequivocal testimony 
 against the traflic : — " No person whose attention is 
 directed to public morals, can fail to see, and almost 
 touch the evils of drunkenness, that disease, poverty, 
 crime, and even death in its most ignominious shape, 
 grow naturally and quickly out of drunkenness ; thit 
 vice enters like oil into the bonet of a man and w trans- 
 mitted with his blood at an inheritance of woe to his chil- 
 dren; it wastes his property, enfeebles his mind, 
 breaks down his frame, exposes his soul to almost 
 certain perdition and ruins his posterity. How there, 
 fore can any clergyman who labours to establish the 
 Kingdom ofOod in the hearts of the people fail to rejoice 
 when hi sees good men of all classes, come forward zeal- 
 ously and disinterestedly, to assist him in turning 
 away the less fortunate brethren from this absorb- 
 ing vice. 
 
 6. The Rev. Dr. Beecher one of the earliest and most 
 persevering advocates of moral improvement, who 
 possesses a most intimate knowledge of the manifold 
 evils arising from the trade in liquors, in language 
 no less beautiful than truthful calls for the " absolute 
 Prohibition of the manufacture and sale of, intoxica- 
 ting liquors":— "Has not God connected with all 
 lawful avocations the welfare of the life that now is, 
 and that which is to come ; and can we lawfully 
 amass property by a course of trade which fills the 
 land with beggars and widows, and orphans, and 
 crimes ; which peoples the grave yards with prema- 
 ture mortality, and the world of woe with victims of 
 despair ? Could all the forms of evil produced in 
 the land by intemperance, come upon us in one hot- 
 rid array, it would appal the nation and put an end 
 to the traffic. In every dwelling built by blood, the 
 stones from the walls should utter all the cries which 
 the bloody traffic extorts — and the beam out of the 
 timber whould echo them back — who would build such 
 a house t who would dwell in it t What, if every 
 part of the dwelling, from the cellar upwards, throng 
 all the halls and chambers — babblings and conten- 
 tions, and vice and groans, and shrieks and wailings 
 were heard by day and night 1 What if the cold 
 blood 6ozed out and stood in drops upon the walls, 
 and by preternatural art, all the ghasUy skulls and 
 bones of the victims destroyed by intemperance, 
 should stand upon the walls in horrid sculpture I Oh, 
 when the sky over our heads, the great whispering 
 gallery, brings down upon us all the lamentations and 
 woe which intemperance creates, and the firm earth, 
 one sonorous medium of sound, sends up firom beneath 
 the wailings of those whom the commerce in ardent 
 spirits had sent thither; these tremendous realities, 
 assailing our sense, would invigorate our Conbounci, 
 and give decision to our purposes of reformation. But 
 those evils are as real, as if the stones did cry out of 
 the wall, and the beam answered it — as real as if day 
 and night, wailings were heard in every part of the 
 dwelling— and blood and skeletons were seen upon 
 every wall — as real as if the ffhoatly forsis of dss^rt^ 
 ed victims flitted about the s^ip as she passed over 
 the billows, and showed themselves nightly about 
 the stores and dintilleries, (and we may add brewer- 
 ies,) and with unearthly voices screamed in our ean 
 their loud lament. They are as real as if the sky 
 over our heads collected, and brought down about 
 us all the notes of sorrow in the land — and the firm 
 earth should open a passage for the wailing of dis- 
 pair to coma^up from beneath." 
 
13 
 
 n. THE EFFECTS OF ITS PROHIBITION. 
 
 I. 0B:IBIUL UMAKK8.. 
 
 nis iB a most important enquiry. Hai tbe experi- 
 ment been successful ? Are the eviU of intemne- 
 L'r„l.?r"i^ diminished? hsYo they been wholly 
 removed? Or have these eiril. been aggraTated by 
 prohibiting the cause which produced them ? Has 
 pauperism, crime, insanity, the wanton waste of pro- 
 
 S;,'^"""'«J\'^'*"'''^"' ™raednes8 and ignorance, 
 destitution filth, ragraney ; have all these evils been 
 
 gent 1^1 ? *"««np» to diminish them by strin- 
 
 Such are tbe erils of intemperance in Canada, 
 
 ■ a1\ 11 ^'f* 7""^ *^*" "'"''"»»' '* '•"« I'eartless in- 
 deed, to introduce the prohibition Aere, if it has actually 
 increased and multiplied the evils of intemptranci 
 fZ\ J"® queation then, is this. What effecit have 
 been produced bi, thu ttatutory prohibitiou of the trade 
 m olcoholte drinks t 
 
 The Commissioner set ont, resolved to solve this 
 question to his own saiisfaction, and to ascertain on 
 the spot from undeniable facts, and from the testi- 
 mony of good men, where the law was in force, whe- 
 ther the working of the Statute of prohibition was 
 tavorable or adverse to temperance and morality • 
 and then to publish his impression on returning! 
 commending its working, if salotary ; and condemn- 
 ing It, It he lound it pernicious. 
 
 He will not conceal the fact that he looked upon 
 the po»kton of the states in New England where the 
 law of Prohibition exists, and especially of the state 
 of Maine, as prima facie evidence that these laws 
 had not been as salutary as it was hoped they 
 would be, in destroying the evils' which all felt and 
 all deplored. The experiment was one of intense 
 interest to every philanthropist, and fear was enter- 
 tained, that if the opponents of the law had, on the 
 one hand, derogated from its efficiency, its friends on 
 the other had exaggerated its efficiency in favor of 
 Temperance. The statute in Maine, « A Law for the 
 tuppremon of tippling -kouset and dram-ihopt," came 
 into operation on the 4th day of July 1851. Pornlar 
 opinion in favor of Temperance had won a sple.vJid 
 triumph. It was certainly a noble spectacle tc be- 
 hold the peop- , of a young, vigorous state resolutely 
 deciding to destroy the great destroyer of his hun- 
 dreds and thousands. They were intent upon the'r 
 object, and seemed not to notice that the little star 
 whose rays of light scarcely penetrated through the 
 atmosphere of their own state, had instantly nU 
 traded the attention of neighbonring and distant 
 lands, which were looking upon the experiment with 
 the keenest interest, if not with glowing sympathy 
 and admiration. But whatever feeling of interest or 
 of sympathy may have existed, few beheld the e.tpe- 
 riment with any other conviction tha . that it must 
 be a failure. The broud bine Atlantic washed the 
 shores of that state for hundreds of miles— a coast 
 indented by some of the finest harbours and bays in 
 tbe world, into which ships laden with ardent spirits 
 fk-om the other states, and from any part of the 
 world, could at any time enter. Railways were run- 
 ning into her chief cities and marts. Her leading 
 merchants were engaged in the traffic. On the south 
 and west, were her elder sister states, whence, over 
 the boundary, alcoholic liquors could at any moment 
 
 __-_..._. _a. ,.n .ouPt anu Tff 31 sircicnca me 
 
 British Provinces, where spirits could be procured 
 and carried across the lines. The law hnd given its 
 sanction to the trade for ages, lawyers were willing 
 to plead in its favour, judges to deliver charges 
 ttgainrt the constitutionality of the law; and divines 
 to prove from the Holy Oracles, that it was wrong 
 and If 80, a sin to prohibit the 'rade. It was thought 
 
 ne i;ftcktflt,PrMiliom. 
 
 the sentimeat of tht whols HepoMIc; and the ■ 
 ^ih!. *n" .u?"'*'-^ '""* opposed to Prohibition. Be- 
 trllt^^f ^.^kT" *""y*"^ '«•'"»» the Ia# the In- 
 fS^.L^.T .««?■'" *'"' distillers in the Union, 
 A V^llJ" 100,000,000 of gallons manufactured 
 
 Zhpr^wS'?."" '"P^f""' '"to the United States,7o: 
 gether with the combined interest of all the manufac- 
 turers, importers, and hotel-keepers, amonnting ia nU 
 to hundreds in the state ; who then can be astonished 
 that the success of the experiment was very doubt- 
 
 IxJiA^ *™ K" ■■ *»"'• *■•"»'«. *t eonld hara 
 
 excited no astonishment in the minds of those who 
 
 17^^" "*' P^^'^on of the state, in which were 
 20 places for the manufacture of liquors, several for 
 their adulteration, 491 hotels for retailing them, with 
 shops and hcensed houses almost witLout numb(r. 
 rn fact the influence of the following classes in the 
 Union was proximately or remotely, in diteet anta. 
 
 gonism to prohibition . 
 
 Boarding-houses in the United States, - 
 Baz-kepecrs - . . _ _ 
 Brewers and Dislillera, , . ' . 
 Groceries where liquors were sold.- - 
 Boatmen, ---._. 
 Innkeepers, 
 
 Merchants and Storekeepers,- - " . 
 Wine-makers, - - - . . 
 Wine and liquor-dealers ... 
 Druggists, - - - . . 
 
 ' 4,00» 
 
 32,455 
 
 6,000 
 
 21,479> 
 
 32,455 
 
 22,476 
 
 104,S2» 
 
 4S 
 
 Via 
 
 600 
 
 ^"""^ »0,00O 
 
 It was in defiance of the interest and power of all 
 these classes, that the new State of Mnine, with a 
 population of only 581,813 ; in defiance of the usages 
 of the whole world; in fact, in defiaacc of the pi- 
 nions of the great majority of Christians in the 
 world ; renolved that itt peopU thould be fret from the 
 pretence of the troj/le in lifnort upon if, eoU. It was a 
 bow experiment, in iu results very problematical - 
 and Its effects, there, and in other places, shaU now 
 bo fairly and impartially traced. 
 
 I. irPBCTS OF PROHIBITIOK IK HAINI; 
 
 1st. Almost the first observation which will be 
 be made in passing throngh the states where prohi- 
 bition exists, » the total abnente of all ngit, of intoxi- 
 eating^ drink*. Signs and directories point ont all 
 other kinds of business and occupations ; here is a 
 store, and there a manufactory; but no sign, no indi- 
 cation exists that liquors are at any place to be sold. 
 Wo paper publishes a notice of them abroad, no sign 
 over the doorway announces them within, and bo 
 bar presents thein temptingly to the sight. 
 
 2nd. That tbe establishments where spirits were 
 manufactured, have been all closed. When the law 
 came into eflfect, the 20 distilleries and hrewerios in 
 Maine were closed up ; their busiaess stopt, and their 
 proprietors have gone to other occupations. The 
 491 hotels have all ceased to sell publicly, and there 
 IS only a very few which provide liquor, priTatelv 
 for their guests. These very rare cases exist in mul 
 nicipa ities where, from local reasons, it has been 
 diflicult to enforce the law. As a general thing, the 
 entire business has been broken up, and the cases 
 where tbe la^r has been secreUy violated, are becom. 
 mg less and less. 
 
 3d. Another fact cannot faU to be obserre*! and 
 t&at 18, a drunkard it teldom teen. Many days will be 
 spent in the State without the sight of* an inebriated 
 man. In tbe towns, at PorUand, at Bangor, at Au- 
 gusta, and other places, though it is said there ia 
 some secret drinking, a drunkard is very seldom seen. 
 Iha hotels are quiet, free from such noises and dis- 
 turbances as are very prevalent in public botela ia 
 this coantrf . 
 
7%e EffeeU of lu PrckOUhn. 
 
 13 
 
 -'ved, is, that those 
 tost lax in enforcing 
 
 ft in iu gnforeemmt. 
 the town of Augusta, 
 town stands on the 
 
 4th. Another fact to bo of 
 mnnicipaiities which ha*' b i 
 the law, are becoming »w.v 
 An instance of this occurrc I . ; 
 the capital of the state. Thu .^„.. .„.„«,, „,. mc 
 Kennebec, serenty miles ftom Portland, at the head 
 of sloop navigation ; it has been much interested in 
 the lumbering business, and always elected as muni- 
 cipal officers, persons opposed to the prohibitory law. 
 This year, however, an entire change was effected. 
 All the candidates favorable to the law, were re- 
 turned. There was much excitement, for it was a 
 warm contest, but there was no disordsr, for there 
 was no liquor. 
 
 6th. Another observable fact is, you find few per- 
 sons opposed to the law of prohibition ; many that 
 were opposed to its enactments, are now its very 
 strongest supporters. Even the hotel-keepers, those 
 who keep good respectable houses, do not desire a 
 change. Itissaid that tlie persons most desirous of 
 a change are foreigners, and the lowest and least in- 
 telligent of them. These persons, by forming secret 
 organizations, it is confidently alle;jed, systematically 
 Tiolate the law ; this, however, is only the case in 
 ■ one or two towns. The undersigned only met with 
 •"0 'expectable man, who was opposed to the law, 
 and he was so upon sincere and conscientious 
 grounds, and a very estimable person. 
 
 6th. It is very remarkable that the popular senti- 
 taent u growing stronger and more getural in favor of 
 ptcht Uion. Not the people in Maine only have be- 
 ccma more powerfully penetrated with the doctrine 
 ot prohibition, but it has spread to surrounding 
 states and provinces— from Maine as a focus, like rays 
 of light diverging from a central point the sentiment 
 has been continually progressing in all directions. 
 Oix other sUtes have embodied the doctrine in 
 ■trmgent laws, and every state in the Onion is dis- 
 cussing the question. Thorough success in Maine 
 well ascertained abroad, will guarantee 'he adoption 
 of the same, or a better law, in every other state. In 
 those states where there is liberty to deal in ardent 
 spirits, the thing itself is kept cautiously out of sight. 
 You see no drinking, no liquors exhibited to tempt 
 the appetites or passions. This is the moral effect of 
 the prohibition upon other States. 
 
 One British Province has followed up the bold ex- 
 periment of Maine, and two others are at this mo- 
 ment pondering the matter, fearful to act, anxious to 
 do the best, but doubtful what is best. As far as the 
 State of Maine is concerned, the prohibition is being 
 carried out to a greater extent, than could have been 
 reasonably expected. The importation is ended, the 
 manufacture prevented, the sale destroyed, its public 
 use annihilated, and, consequently, the evils which 
 arose from its frequent use, cut off, and the sources 
 of ite miseries dried up. Even those who drank to 
 excess, in many instances rejoice now that the tempt- 
 ation IS removed out of the way. Comfort, health 
 4nd happiness have been restored to scores of fami- 
 lies from which they had long fled a, ray. Many do- 
 mestic and social evils have been removed. Educa- 
 tion and morality have proportionably prospered ; 
 even business itself has not been impaired, and there 
 has been a great saving in the exnenses of the su»*. 
 Wiiat littfore was squandered in strong drinks, has 
 under the prohibition been expended in clothes, 
 healthful food, in the comfort of families, in school- 
 ing the children; so that want and destit'^'oii among 
 the poor ha*e been greatly lessened, an . U,.aX\oa to 
 ■npply the wants of the poor proportiooiioiy dimin- 
 ished. No person now would rest his success, if a 
 candidate for an office, solely upon his antipathy to 
 jirohibitlon. The moial tone of Bociety growi stronger 
 
 In favor of this law, of which thei^ are many evi- 
 dences. 
 
 1st His Excellency the present Governor of the 
 state, is a plain, good man, a farmer by occupation, 
 of shrewd, practical sense, and earnest in the Tem- 
 perance cause. When bis party, two years ago, in 
 order to secure its success, allied itself to the Anti- 
 Prohibitionists, he diverged from it, and opposed the 
 party he had all his life supported, when he saw that 
 the ends of faction, and not the good of the people, 
 were the chief objects pursued. They were defeated, 
 and a Whig Governor elected. Dut Mr. Morrill had 
 lost the support of the Democratic party, and could 
 not act on the principles of the Whigs. , Yet the next 
 year the friends of prohibition, for the noble sUnd 
 he had taken in its favor, resolved to elect him as 
 Governor ; and out of four candidates, he had al- 
 most half the whole number of votes cast in the 
 state, and is now on the gubernatorial throne. Su 
 Note VI., Appendix Ji. 
 
 2nd. As a further evidence that Prohibition is sup- 
 ported by the moral sense of the people, it may be 
 remarked that every member of the Senate or Upper 
 House is in favor of suppressing the traffic ; and of 
 the House of Representatives, out of 150, no less 
 than 121 were returned pledged to prohibition. A 
 more convincing argument that the community in 
 Maine snstain and sanction the law, could hardly be 
 imagined than is here presented. When brought to 
 the trial, two branches of the Legislature .vere wholly 
 in favor of the law, and six to one in the other 
 branch pledged to its support I 
 
 3rd. The undersigned was informed in Maine that 
 every christian minister of all denominations, who 
 voted at the late election of Governor, cast his vote 
 on the side of prohibition. The late census of Maine 
 does not give the number of clergymen of each per- 
 suasion, but the aggregate number of churches is 
 stated to be 945 ; and the number of clergymen 928. 
 Such a circumstance shows more powerfully than any 
 array of statistics, whether the law is sustained by the 
 Dfioral sense of the state. Party and even sectarian 
 ties are broken for the great object of peace and 
 morality. On one occasion when a distinguished 
 clergyman of the congregational church was asked if 
 he intended to vote for Mr. Morrill for Governor in 
 opposition to an orthodox member of his own com- 
 munion, he very coolly replied,—" I beg your pardon, 
 Sir; but I was not looking for a theologian to govern 
 the state, but for a man to enforce the Maine Law." 
 
 4th. Another fact illustrative of the moral senti- 
 ments of the population of Maine on this subject is 
 this, that the Legislature, instead of repealing and 
 relaxing the original law, have proceeded from time 
 to time to increase its stringency. As experience showed 
 a loop-hole the Legislature, with a determination to 
 make the law all-powerful to destroy the evil, has 
 added clause after clause to give it a most stringent 
 effect. According to the original law the first offence 
 against the statute was punishable with a fine of $10 
 and costs; the second conviction was puuishabla 
 with $20 and costs ; and the third offence with $20, 
 costs, and three months imprisonment in the common 
 jail. It is now in contemplation to punish the first 
 offence with imprisonment, as well as With fine and 
 cosls ; and for the third oftfence, in certain cases, to 
 send the offender to the State Prison. This increased 
 stringency of the law instead of showing any reac- 
 tion on the part of the people of Maine, very evi- 
 dently exemplifies a growing vigour and unity of the 
 moral feelings in the Stote against the traffic— jSW 
 Note I., Appendix B. 
 
 n. — BTATISTIOAI, ITIDIitOB. 
 
 The effect of the prohibition iu the Stote of Maine 
 
u 
 
 n» Hfftelt ^f lt$ PnUMHim. 
 
 hu not been perfeetlj nndentood In Cantda. It hai 
 been alleged th<t the Law for the "ippregslon of In- 
 temperance In that Slate has been aystematically 
 Tiolated; that peijprj ii practised to afrightftil extend 
 that hypocrisy, with all its concomitant evils is rap- 
 idly reaching a state of the very highest perfection ; 
 that the liquor now sold is a rile deleterious com- 
 pound, rwas it not always a deleterious com- 
 pound?) that drunkenness has greatly increased, and 
 crime, fifty per cent, within the last four years ; and 
 that it is almost impossible to obUin a convictioivfor 
 the Tiolation of the Liquor Law, because of the per- 
 Junr of the witnesses. 
 
 Such, then, if this statement be reliable, are the 
 •ffecta of the traffic in defiance of the law for its pro- 
 hibition. What a fearfbl insight does such a sUte- 
 ment give into the demoralization which liquor pro- 
 duces. Hypocrisy, drunkenness, Tiolation of law, 
 peijury and crime. If this were the result of the pro- 
 hibition {n the SUte of Maine, it would be an over- 
 whelming argument against t})- traffic in any article 
 thatcouldbeproductireofsnch pallingimmoralities. 
 
 Bntwhatare-the facts t The luu in Maine came into 
 efTect in 1851, and the returns, relatiye to the Alms- 
 house, Watch-house, House of Correction and Jail of 
 Portland, are the best and most valuable evidence on 
 the sut^ct 
 
 1st. The Almt Houte — There were committed to 
 this in nine months in 1851, 
 
 The year before the Maine Law - - 253 
 
 For nine months the year after 1851-2 • 146 
 
 fifths of the commitments, and that notwithstanding 
 a most vigilant police, which was exceedingly active 
 in arrests,— made it a speoial point of duty to commit 
 to the Watch House every intoxicated person they 
 cohldfind- 
 
 4. The stotistics of the Jail are no; less concln- 
 sive and incontrovertible. Committed to jail in 
 1860, the year before the Prohibitory Law, 279 
 1851, the year after, • . . .185 
 
 Difference in favour of the Law - - 106 
 
 For the same period of time there were assisted 
 out of the Alms-house, 
 
 The year before the Prohibitory Law - 135 
 
 The year after .... 90 
 
 Difference under the law ... 45 
 
 Agidh, on the 20th of March 1861, when the law 
 came into effect, there were then in the Alms- 
 house - . . . . 122 
 The next year on the same day of the month of 
 
 March, under tLe total prohibition of liquors, 90 
 
 Difference under prohibition - - 22 
 
 2nd. The effc is quite as remarkable upon the 
 
 commitments to ihe House of Correction. 
 
 Commitments in 1850, before the law passed- . 60 
 
 " in 1851, the year after - . - 48 
 
 « in 1852, .38 
 
 " ' in 1853 35 
 
 " In 1854, 20 
 
 It Is therefore evident that the law has had a very 
 salutary effect in diminishiner the commitments to 
 the House of Correction, having gradually reduced 
 them fV-om 60 to 20, so that in the term of three years 
 only they had become two-tkirde less than before. 
 An examination of the returns to the House of Cor- 
 rection for Inimtperanee presents a very pleasing re- 
 sult of the prohibitory law. There were committed 
 for intemperance the year the law came into effect, 
 In 1850 . - 46 
 In 1851 . .10 
 This flict shows* that in one year there had been 
 amongst the class committed to the House of Correc- 
 rt~~ ~ •j?v~r3S? Ot 5tj0t:t cigfbiy p?r cent. 
 
 3rd. The Watch House is the receptacle of all 
 kinds of characters not in a proper state to take care 
 of themselves. There were committed to this insti- 
 tution the year before the Law of Prohibition, 431 
 In the year after or 1863 . . . . :eO 
 
 Difference in fkvour of the Maine Law, . 251 
 This exhibit* a falling off in one year of three- 
 
 144 
 The year after the adoption of the Law there wer* 
 therefore 144 criminals less than in the year preced. 
 ing; and of the criminals in 1851 no less than 72 
 were for the breaches of the liquor law ; so that in- 
 dependent of these there were only 63 criminals 
 compared to 279 the year before the law went into- 
 effect This is decisive, both as to the fact that the 
 law has been carried into effect, and also that iU op- 
 eration has been salutary. 
 
 6. The results of this law in Portland, as far as may 
 be ascertained from the commitments to the House of 
 Correction for the years 1863 and 1854, are evinced 
 by the Report of the Overseers to the County Com- 
 missioner in the following ex^ct. " For the year 
 ending June 18^3 we felt much encouraged when we 
 were enabled to report thet there had been but 49 
 commitments for the year, or less than one a week. 
 But how much more pleasure it gives us you may 
 judge, and will undoubtedly participate in, as all 
 human hearts will, to state that the commitments for 
 the year ending with June 1864 are but nineteen, a 
 diminution of thirty ; and, better still, that for the 
 last six moJiths there have been but seven. With 
 but one exception these were sentenced to the House 
 for that devastating sin drunkenness. Remove that 
 evil from our midst and the cells would be solitary. 
 It seems by the comparison of the two years to be 
 fast diminishing. We trust another year may pre- 
 sent a purer docket." 
 
 6. The returns for 1854, Ibr these several places, hare 
 not yet been made public, excepting only the House 
 of Correction. It is, however, probable that they 
 will not exhibit results so satisfactory, as the means ■ 
 of evading the law become from year to year in some 
 of the large towns more perfectly organised. Besides 
 it is confidently affirmed by men of character and 
 veracity, that in those towns where the opponents of 
 the liquor law have the prevailing influence, them is 
 a great laxity in prosecuting the dealers in liquor, 
 and great activity in arresting the drinker; and this 
 is done for the double purpose of making liquors 
 easily to be obtained, and thus bringing the law into 
 disrepute for inefficiency and of making it appear 
 from the great number of arrests, especially of 
 drunkards, that intemperance and crime are in- 
 increasing. If such be the case, then, it will pro- 
 bably soon appear that in Portland and a few other 
 of the large towns in Maine, a greater number of 
 arrests have been made in 1854 than formerly. The 
 only fair test of the law for good or evil will be found 
 in the counties and townships, where the experiment 
 itiairly worked, and not in those cities where a ma- 
 jority of the authori are opposed to it, where the 
 dealers, consequently set the law at defiance, and 
 where on any day the drinker may run down to the 
 stcaiueritt the wLmf, auii quench uis thirst. Through- 
 out the state at large the law is, generally, well en- 
 forced ; and consequently the evils of interaperanoe,' 
 pauperism, crime, and wretchedness, have decreased; 
 but in Portland great facilities exist for evading th» 
 law, its administration is in the hands of its oppo- 
 nents, and it is quite probable, effects may be ascrib- 
 ed to it, which arise solely in its perversion or bad 
 administration. 
 
aV MifeeU ^lia PrchadHim. 
 
 15 
 
 m.— ITIDIlfOI or TMTIMOXT. 
 
 When the anderiigned rlaited AugnsU, he had an 
 opportanity of ipeaking to the Senators and Kepre* 
 ■entatirei from the rarions dUtricts and counties of 
 the State, and of enquiring of them as to the opera- 
 tion of the law, whether it were much eraded, whether 
 it were generally enforced, and whether its effects 
 were benisficial, and beneficial to such a degree as to 
 Justify him in recommmending its enactment in 
 Canada. 
 
 1. In regard to its erasion the reply was always 
 the same, that in a few of the cities the prorisions of 
 the law were frequently evaded or violated ; but that 
 it was generally enforced efficiently, and produced 
 the most salutuy effects. This was, unirersally, the 
 sum of the verbal testimony of every Senator and 
 Representative with wh,/m he conversed, although 
 some of these persons, before its enactment, had been 
 opposed to the law. 
 
 Statement of the good effects of prohibition in Maine. 
 
 2. As written testimony ia preferable to verbal, the 
 undersigned requested bis Excellency the Oovernor, 
 and other gentlemen, to give him some documentary 
 statement of the good results of the law, if such ex- 
 isted. His Excellency thereupon had the following 
 document executed, and gave it his signature ; all his 
 GonnciUors signed it ; the heads of departments did 
 the same; the members of the Senate signed it: and of 
 160 Representatives, 120 were favorable to it, and as 
 many as had time before he left, gave it their signa- 
 ture. The document is as follows : — 
 
 „ (Copy.) 
 
 Rbt. H. Mulkins, — 
 
 " In answer to your Inquiries, we arehappy to have 
 it in our power to say, that the law in the State of 
 Maine, for the suppression of intemperance, has been 
 most effective in its operation ; has from time to time 
 become more stringent in its provisions ; is trinm' 
 phantly sustained by the popular voice; has greatly 
 promoted sobriety; has lessened the amount of 
 crime, and has generally been most beneficial in its 
 effects .npon society, socially, educationally, morally, 
 and religiously. 
 
 Augusta, Maine, March 13th, 1866. 
 (Signed,) 
 Anson P. Morrill, Oovcmor. Alvan Gnmer, Senator, 
 
 B. S. Stephens, „ 
 Geo. W. nrguson, „ 
 
 Franklin Clark, Couneillor. 
 Henry Richardson, „ 
 Marshal Creim, „ 
 Ammi Cutter, „ 
 
 Koah Smith, Jun., „ 
 Alden Jackson, 5«e. of State. 
 Woodbury Davis, Treo; 
 
 turer of State. 
 Franklin Murry, Pretidmt 
 
 of Senate. 
 Louis 0< Cowan, Secretary 
 
 of Senate. 
 J. W. KnowUin, Auiit. Sec. 
 George Downes, Senator, 
 John N. Goodwin „ 
 James B. Dascombe „ 
 Jos. Eaton, „ 
 
 iflex. Dennett, „ 
 
 aaa r. ocominon, „ 
 N. O. Hichbom, „ 
 Minot Orehore, „ 
 ^r. Cttsbing, „ 
 
 Newell Blake „ 
 
 John Elliot, „ 
 
 Wm. Willis, „ 
 
 Aaron Qulnby, „ 
 Alonso Oaicelon, „ 
 
 George Thomdike, „ 
 Sewall Watson, „ 
 Augustus Spragnn „ 
 William Barkes, „ 
 Mark H. Dunnell, „ 
 Hiram Ruggles, „ 
 Sidney Perham, Speaker 
 
 of the Houte, 
 H. H. Baker, Clerk of the 
 
 House. 
 R. G. Sincom, R^eien' 
 
 tative. 
 D. Sibby, „ 
 
 Nathan Baiheller, „ 
 Elisha McKenny, „ 
 Leonard Andrews, „ 
 W. H. Josselyn, . „ 
 Luke Brown, „ 
 
 Elijah Comins, „ 
 Miles S. Staples, „ 
 Eli Jones, „ 
 
 Saml. R. Leavitt, „ 
 0. S. Norris, „ 
 
 B. R. Jake, „ 
 
 George Cutler, „ 
 Seth Scammon, „ 
 John Berry, Jon. „ 
 
 H. H. Boody, 
 Nathaniel Pe 
 W.R. Flint. 
 
 ' 3. Sucji testimony is beyond question, not OBij 
 valuable, but decisive as to the salutary working of 
 the liquor law in Maine. The individuals who signed 
 that document are well known in the State. Perhaps 
 nothing more need be added. But as many personSL 
 some in the Holy Ministry of Christ, and all of good 
 standing, have carefully examined into the working 
 of the Maine Liquior Law, it may be useful to know 
 the results of their observations. His Excellency 
 the Governor of the State of New York states in his 
 message to the Legislature : — " That the good resulfr 
 hoped for iV'om the legislation recommended are 
 legitimate to it, several of the New ]lngland States, 
 especially Maine and Conneotient furnish the most 
 gratifying evidence. The steady diminution of crims 
 and pauperism in the States referred to, with a con- 
 stant and corresponding reduction of taxation ; and 
 the new impulse given to almost all industrial pur- 
 suits by the transformation of those who were once 
 a burden upon the State into producers of wealth, 
 constitute an argument in favour of the policy advo- 
 cated, which, while it carries conviction to the 
 statesman, will be no less appreciated by the multi- 
 tude, unskilled though they may be in casuistry, but 
 also undebased by appetite, and nnpervertod by in- 
 terest. If any thing is to be learned from the 
 example' of other States, or to be deduced fh>m our 
 own increased experience, it should be Itaade avail- 
 able to our use ; and our legislation upon all sub- 
 jects, should keep pace with our advancing intelli- 
 gence, always expressing the highest truth we have 
 received, and reaching forward to the greatest good, 
 attainable." 
 
 Again, his Excellency the Governor of Iowa ealll 
 on the Legislature to enact a law similar to the one 
 in Maine, to suppress intemperance. Such a law 
 was consequently passed and received his sanction. 
 He says, "There is a strong public sentiment in 
 favour of a radical change of the present laws ren- 
 lating the mannfacture and sale of intozicanng 
 liquors. Evoty friend of humanity earnestly derires 
 that something may be done to dry np these streams 
 of bitterness that this traffic now pours over the land. 
 I have no doubt that a prohibitoiylawmay be enacted 
 that will avoid all constitutional objections, and 
 meet the approval of a vast majority of the State." 
 Lord Elgin. 
 
 4. His Lordship the Earl of Elgin and Khicardine, 
 the late pniversally respected and beloved Governor 
 General in Canada, is reported to have stated at • 
 party in London, consisting of some of the first 
 noblemen and gentlemen of the Realm, as follows : — 
 " I believe that it w deetined to vork a very great ehaugt 
 on the face of Society. I with the cauee the tUmoet 
 eueceee. They have adopted it in New Brunswick, 
 and I am watching its operations with more interest 
 than that of any cause now under the sun." 
 
 Governor Button of Connecticut. 
 
 5. His Excellency Governor Dutton bears the 
 following strong testimony to the value of prohibi- 
 tion: — 
 
 " As a witness to the merits and utility of « 
 FTohibitory Law, I am able lu Hpeak. I litiuk it is 
 not too much to claim ibr the Conneeticut law tiiat 
 it is the best prohibitory law ever framed, because 
 it was fhtmed after long deliberation, and with 
 special regard to its being consistent with other 
 existing laws. It was passed on the Ist of Angast 
 last, and its operation has been a decided success. 
 Not a grog-shop, so called. Is to be found in the State 
 of Connecticat, sinc^ the law came into force. Ho 
 
15 
 
 TU EffteU nflu Prtkitim. 
 
 It should operate in all and eiuh. I do not mean that * rJ^.^h "^ uniformly go home sober. 
 
 " "" "^' iz '^iT'' -"- iyl'^^^o:^ toK^r?o7d":!.i*ii!fi^.^.iP!-"- --?!»!'-»»- 
 
 there are not a .«„ 
 
 •nd secrecy, evasion may be raanaged'; but" in a 
 
 SlthJ"'"'''..'^'' *^'*?'' •"" c«««ed-tho 'effecU are 
 «ll that could be wished. I have not seen a drunkard 
 
 w^ n\ u '"■""'■ *'"<=« ''"' 18' of August. I 
 
 twL « s , "'""tL ^"".'' •" *'"' difference be- 
 W Th„ ^-T-'"* *"'* "'"' ^''''»"» "» Maine 
 t,rU.i ^^ ■"•**.*'*."" <»• "'"n" •"*»« been ma- 
 terially diminished; the crimes which directly result 
 
 hunrfrpH. Tu y "*"' «">e-nau. There are 
 
 who ar« i'„ »n *^^°" -loubt thousands of families, 
 rmforfV wh '"':^7''»t weather, well supplied with 
 Such I^'.r "' ^"* !°^ °" '** ''""'d oe destitute. 
 « sober S""".""."^^*'''! *•'« general effect is 
 lh„u ' "' .*''"^' '^"" of security pervading the 
 Tntv T""" •"^' ^•'l.''^'' *" delightful'to behold and 
 enjoy. There is one idea that a pcohibitory law will 
 
 cnr« Th '".'"J* * •?***"■•• ^° yo" fee' ™o'e se- 
 ^o« Zr T**^'"" ''"'' t''" "feets? Do you sup- 
 ?ecure an'^Tlr J^l'''"^ ^""^ «'««'<»«« '^""'^ not be 
 Dretoxt„f„V'f ■^'J'^.r"'** **« •°^'*<l«d under the 
 fhfnt °-f.'"''"''"°'fK 'f you sold liquor ? No such 
 «f ?hl /'•« opposition predicted to the enforcement 
 ODDosed "^J' not realized; I have never known it 
 Esti; h« ""*''/*""°* «"*' "P * combination 
 i^alTJ,' '""=»".«<''' commends itself to all men's 
 
 inn o» ^ " ^^ Simplicity. When you see a nuisance 
 you ft once remove it ; that is our principle ; we take 
 
 SLl S^ wK '" "■'"«' *'"^ P''* '* -^^^y '» «ome safe 
 ?i^ Af K- ' ?/" ** ?** *" individual unable to take 
 hrmavh„T« f' ''f«l«'Ply take him (no matter who 
 or o^hfr? ^ wf P"* '"™ **•*" ^« *^*°°ot hurt himself 
 or others. When men are governed merely by appe- 
 ^te or love of gain moral suasion has no effec^l 
 
 S^ T°\^''^''^ ^^""^^ """^ labour, and accom- 
 pushes the object in the simplest manner possible™ 
 
 «. TaUmony of OmtUmen residing in various parti of 
 Maine. 
 
 mJd? '"w^ n*"'- '"''f *n .pntlemen residing in 
 4m, J:- ^'*^'^' <»f Belfast, says,— " The ooen 
 JSS^ se'rr 'I '^r '''' ^-^ ^"'k been ent??e ; 
 S^r .' *>"?•* l^ *' *=*"■•''<* on secretly to a very 
 fir li.nl'"''' """^ '^.r *'" occasional commitment 
 Gainst S«M-'- ^^''^- •"" ''«^» "^ ^"-action 
 ^fe^ilt n '"fJ*"^. ""'*' «"' fi"t attempt to 
 rtoUri^n„f^r*"*i'°"'''',P'"*»«*'""'« *°' every known 
 
 ISuSi.^K T^^y, ^'^} 0" police have been so 
 ifct •.*•"* J*""'^ *" *•»« "<l"ors landed a^our 
 Sf^T.. *''\*'**" f •'"•'• ^*'»«t fourteen hundred 
 SSl^M* '»<'«°. destroyed the past month, and a 
 ^"^•Jl^ble quantity still remains in the hands of the 
 
 Jl^^LT'f'"'.''^ *•?'' ^"'^ ''«'•«' '■o' the past two 
 l^'JL . »«»Pa'"ng our confidence in it, has 
 
 S!ff!V''*KM*' r'"'** ^ acknowledge ite bene- 
 ficial effects, while the number of its active supporters 
 
 S^tedto„'^'\°"^'""*'«'"»• N°°°« *^o«ld be 
 «hZ„^ oflSce here in opposition to it; and in this 
 whole county, at the last election of members of the 
 
 ~ , r ■•-•'-- - »•" "11 tnc question 01 Ita I'C- 
 
 pe«I, eleven of the twelve members chosen are well 
 frien'S." '^°°* '*" °'°'* *®"*°* advocates and 
 
 .».L°fn«!!? *''.•' ?'"*'*«*' "f our law drunkenness was a 
 -ite! f t " ?"' 'li'*''**' *'"» the usual accom- 
 C« m«!f!nl ■'"'i^*. ** '■'°*«- »"* ^ have not seen 
 auree men Intozicated in our village for three months 
 
 ♦« ™-„i ; J . " "''"•' '"'" operauoB 
 
 fafS Ji;""''f«"|'««« '^e'.e frequent I think there 
 
 ha» not been a single case since. The only renresen- 
 
 Srtrm'er'""' "• "•* """^ °f Corrc^cJKra 
 Hr^L. '• "?* P""""' '"''o was find for selling 
 Trt"^ '" :'f»"t of payment was commit J * 
 Ihe amount to which pauperism has been Ci. 
 m.nished I cannot tell. The keeper of the Alms- 
 house contracts bv the year to furniSh every thing for 
 
 Z&T'v "" ^"l ''•"'^'"f »>««» connected wth 
 the traffic in liquors her ^'hre. But not more than 
 wo months after the firn ,pt to enforc? Te law 
 
 here he admitted that ' tl. -jSor llw had alreldy 
 saved him one hundred dollars ' " wreaay 
 
 "Such are some of the visible effects of the law 
 
 condit1o"n „f"."H ''' '"'"^ '" K''"*"'"^ improving thT 
 condition of the poor, in awakening and elevatinir 
 
 1 ten'uSnlfTh ""'"' "/.?" rP'«> ^" calCS 
 uuLntion to the manifold evils of intemperance in 
 
 {"hftra^io''' th' °f«,"'°''«"ic iiqnor, unpo^pX knS 
 
 for b.tf„. *'!•"' ,°'^'°?' •"■« "°t the less important 
 
 The .ff^f» r"""?''- *"'' ""' '^''^ay* acknowledged. 
 
 leonln T nl""; '*'" "P*!?.'*"' P"^"<= sentiment of our 
 people I consider one of its greatest works." 
 
 7. Ihe same good effects of the law were witnessed 
 at Calais, a. described by G.Downs, Esq., in 185^ 
 
 Ht. Croix ; the boundary line between us and tha 
 TfTslL"^ New Brunswick. Prior to the pllg^ 
 tilii Jr- '^'^ J'""" ?°''"y"^'' ''y considerable quaS- 
 rrovintes. Bmce the passage of their law in New 
 Brusnw ck the amount imported isvery much rednceT 
 should hink it would be very liberal to S that 
 the quantity was reduced one-half hereT a^dfn my 
 opinion, from information gathered ftom othei t"e 
 reduaion m other parts of the State has been inch 
 
 " There is no pauperism in this city which is not ' 
 
 amolVnf''"^ "' '"^r^'^y •'y imem Je7ance ^e 
 amount of pauperism hus been much decreased since 
 the nassage and enforcement of the Maine W The 
 same observations may be made in reference to crimes 
 committed ; most of the crimes committed are dSv 
 Xfw M L"t«?lP"ance. Our Jail lslm2 "r 
 rather would be, if it were not for the occMional 
 mprisonment of a rum-seller. The Watch-h^seTn 
 
 S T. f " '^'' y*" ^"^ *»"» ''° occasional inmate" 
 and the few cases arc confined almost exclusivelv to 
 intemperance. Before the passage of the"r lawS 
 New Brunswick the cases of confinement for drunrcn" 
 
 ha'/nTr r.r'' """•'^ ^"^''V^' 'ban at present w; 
 had at that time to take car? of the drunkards made 
 in the province of New Brunswick "'"'""^ ™ade 
 
 " In th:scity there were fifteen or twenty nlaces 
 where it was said that liquor was sold, ir^fs time ' 
 there are none that I know of. " 
 
 " There is no case of open rnm-sellinjr now that r 
 
 ""« ZZ^^ ' V*?'* fy "' '''^^"'y' in uiL sk£.'* ' 
 
 Jr« f~ * f Maine Law, the cases of intemperance 
 
 ^h^♦n!I^?*'°^!^?' '''S:"'°°*« °^ the law are good anfl 
 that continually. The principle of seizure and dT.: 
 If uci^n or ine article when found is the key-stow to 
 ts efficiency, strength and power. Wherever the . 
 law IS enforced, it is popular with the people" » 
 
 8. The testimony of Joshua Wye, of Waterrille 
 Kennebec "Our drunkards have become scaree 
 some of them having died off, but many moreXve 
 reformed, giving as a reason that the temptation bM 
 been removed from them. Our jaUi have bewrn^ 
 
Tht Effect* nflU PnkHithm. 
 
 nearly tenantlem, rtrj aeldom being occupied by any 
 bat a rum-soller, who liaa not been «)ly enough in his 
 dealingi, to escape the notice of some of the ofHcerg 
 oftiielaw. Ouryouugmen are growing up to be 
 soldiers in the temperance army, and to form apublir 
 opinion before long that will demand a law to con- 
 sign rumgellers to the state prison. Quarrelling and 
 fighting in our streets, bare entirely ceased, and all 
 Is peace and quietness. The change in regard to the 
 expense of paupers is almost incredible ; In Fairfield 
 the expense was reduced in two years, (by arigid en- 
 forcement of the law,) from more than two thousand 
 dollars to two hundred ; in consequence of whicli 
 the good people of that town wisely decided to add 
 fire hundred dollars more to the school fund. The 
 expense in many of the towns in this vicinity has 
 been reduced, in some of them nearly as much as in 
 Fairfield. But what rejoices my heart the most is to 
 see thtfamiliu that have been made happy by the en- 
 forcement of this law. Manya poor woman has come 
 to me and with tears implored me to enforce the law, 
 as by BO doing, it had been the means of reforming 
 her husband, and by so continuing, it would be the 
 means of saving him. God forbid that I should ever 
 turn a deaf ear to their supplications. I will gay in 
 conclusion that if the Maine law were strictly enforced 
 in all the towns of this state, rumselling mutt tease; 
 no person can for any length of time resist it with- 
 out finding himself looking out of the grates of a pri- 
 son." 
 
 9. John C. Godfrey of Bangor says : '< My informa- 
 tion comes from the City Mar.shal of Bangor, and he 
 has no means of geying at that precise information 
 you require. He says decidedly, that, setting aside 
 the agency, there has not been one-twentieth part of 
 the liquor imported into Pangor since the law that 
 there was in the same time before ; and that the 
 agency does not sell more than one-third the amount 
 of liquors that is sold from thatestablishment in the 
 city— the rest goes into country agencies. Including 
 the sales of the agency, he says the sales are 70 per 
 cent less than before the law in the same time 
 Of this he is confident, and he thinks fS per cent 
 less, would be nearer the truth. » 
 
 "It is difficult, if not impossible to get at the statis- 
 tics of pauperism. Since the railroads have started 
 there has been quite an Influx of paupers. The Mar- 
 shal thinks that if the population had been station- 
 ary, there would not have been one fourth as much 
 pauperism in the same time there was before the 
 law." 
 
 10. A gentleman from Ohio having visited Maine 
 to learn tha workings and useftilness of the law, sets 
 forth its effects in the foliowing style: "Among the 
 most eloquent things we saw, were the ruins of seve- 
 ral distilleries. A few years ago they flourished on 
 the ruins of domestic peace and happiness ; now, the 
 family smiles o'er their levelled and dilapidated 
 remains. Let those who doubt the ed ciency of the 
 Maine Law, go and see these relics of past barbar- 
 ism ; let them see *.he old vats and walls crumbling 
 into dust, leaving no trace of the dark spot where 
 misery and death were brewed for the human family ; 
 and then let them be fc . -"r silent as to the operation 
 of that law." 
 
 ii. The icsv'niony of the following Right Rev, 
 Prelates and Divines is Tvorthy of the highest con- 
 sideration, especially, as, with the exception of Dr. 
 Potter, thay were all personally cognisant of the ed- 
 rantages derived from the Law of which they speak. 
 The Right Rev. Bishop Burgess of Maine says, in An- 
 swer to several questions proposed to him on the 
 subject :— " The law has I believe been generally ex- 
 coated; tboagfa not ttvsry-where with equal energy ; 
 
 and t^e amount of intoxication has been, In cons«- 
 quence, most evidently, strikingly, and even, I thinlc 
 I may say, wonderfully diminished. 
 
 " Whatever is in the power of prohibitory law to 
 accomplish without extreme severity or iniquis'torial 
 siTutiny, this law has generally in my opinion accom- 
 plished. Those who are bent upon obtaining liquor 
 can and do succeed ; but it has ceased to be an ar* 
 tide of traffic ; it has ceased to present any open 
 temptation ; the yonng are comparatively safe ; and 
 all the evils of public drinking-houses and bars re- 1 
 moved, together with the interest of a large body of I 
 men in upholding them for their own pecuniarv ad- 
 vantage." 
 
 12. The Rev. Mr. Fosscnden of Rockland :—■< Tho I 
 law is generally enforced; 'without resistance and 
 with general acquiescence'— daily gaining in populari- 
 yr, and this in some quarters, from the fact, that sta- 
 fistics show a palpable diminution of pauperism and 
 crime wherever it has been perseveringly enforced." L 
 
 13. The Right Rev. Prelate, Dr. Potter, Bishop of I 
 Pennsylvania, in answer to certain tracts on prohibi- ' 
 tion which Mr. Dclwan had sent to him, replied ; " I i 
 have received and so far as my engagements permit- 
 ted, have read the series of short tracts, which you 
 have caused to be published in the interests of temper^ 
 ance. This method of dealing with the subject can- 
 not be sufficiently commended, for no legislation can 
 be effectual in removr.ff the causes of intemperance, 
 which does not sprinnr from an intelligent and pro- 
 found convirtion pervading thevery heart of our peo- 
 ple." And further on he adds these very encourag- i 
 ing words ;^" I rejoice, my dear Sir, to see you !»- 
 vokmgonce more in your own peculiar fashion, the 
 mighty energies of the press, and I join yon with all 
 my heart in praying God to speed the day when one 
 of the toreat and moat gratuxlou* of all the woet mth 
 whteh mitffuided man ehootet to aeowge himtelf and hi* | 
 poaterity, ahall be rooted out, and th« traffio vhieh to 
 perseveringly upholds it, be branded as outlaw throunh- 
 out the worid." " 
 
 Professor Stowe stated in Glasgow in Scotland : , 
 
 "I never saw a law that operated so beautifully and 
 vindicated itself so nobly as that law does. When 
 the law passed, the majority of the legislature were 
 against it, but they dare not resist the will of the peo- 
 ple—it was supported by nine-tenths of all the wo- 
 men and children, and by thnje-fourths of all tho 
 men— it passed the senate and Ihe governor sign«d it, 
 and then they said, ' Let its judge of the law by iU 
 effects.' In less than six months the Governor was ia 
 favour of the law. So also were tLe majority of tho 
 Senate." 
 
 Mr. Ohipman, who ia perhaps better acquainted with 
 the vast amount of crime and other evils resulting 
 from the trade in spirits than any other man in the 
 United States, after having minutely examined the 
 effects of the law in Maine, makes the following state- 
 ment : — 
 
 " He had said that three-fourths of the taxation to 
 support paupers, and to pay the expense of prosecu- 
 ting and supporting criminals, were caused by intem- 
 perance : the experience of Maine under a prohibitoiy 
 law, proves that temperance or abstinence from in- 
 toxicating liquors, causes a decrease of taxation to 
 ODe-fourlh of iu urigiuai auiuuutF 
 
 14. The Rev. W. W. Lovqoy of Waterrille Maine, 
 wrote to a friend. " You wish to know how tiio 
 Maine Law works here. Admirably I Liquor is stiU 
 sold clandestinely in some places. Nolaw can prevrat 
 that at once and entirely. But its pnblic distributiea 
 is everywhere suppressed, aiid a drunken man is sel- 
 dom seen. The people are prompt and energetjc ia 
 the enforcement of tlie statute ; and the state of h»- 
 
18 
 
 3V ^(Kt$ o/lu PnUM&m. 
 
 MlUy ii altogether higher than formoriy. StrenaouB 
 elTortii were made nt the last elecf.ioa to brinjr about a 
 repeal of the law, but fciled. It ii too well establish- 
 ed, and lU beneficlaj effects too apparent. The sto- 
 riei which are circulated in New York and the West 
 to the contrary, are mere humbugs, gotten up by its 
 •nemies, 
 
 18. No man perhaps living, ha* taken a more sin- 
 cere or deeper interest in temperance than the Hon. 
 Weal Dow the inventor of the prohibitory law : no 
 man has watched its resulU more vigilantly, and it 
 would be unfair not to adduce his testimony ; he re- 
 ?!f 'J:" J^$^ •"" Thousands of families live in com- 
 fort which formerly found a precarious and scanty 
 ■ubsistence, or depended upon private charity and upon 
 the Alms-house for support. The drinking man re- 
 formed by the removal of temptation out of his way 
 restored to his right mind, no longer on the Sabbath 
 morning seeks the beer-shop, to spend there all his 
 Holy time— <A«r« u no 6«er lAqi—but he turns his steps, 
 With wife and children, to the house of God ; and his 
 children formerly ragged, neglected, playing about 
 the street, are now constant attendanU on the Sab- 
 bath-school." 
 
 Any amount of testimony as to the good results of 
 the interdiction of the liquor traffic in Maine, might 
 be added ; but it is conceived that the preceding facts 
 and testimony as proof of its salutary working, are 
 amply sufficient. It is time to turn to other States. 
 
 U. TBI nvm Of TH« INTIRDICTION Or TBI TBAPHC 
 IK TBI STAXa or CONNECTICUT. 
 
 Interdiction of the trade in intoxicating drinks 
 was first established by law in the state of Maine; 
 J^onnecticut was one of the most recent in its adop- 
 tion. How does the law work there ? Has it been 
 carried into effect? Are its fruita good 7 For this, 
 iuce all other professed reforms, must be tested by ite 
 effecta : "by their fruits shall ye know them." The 
 law In this state came into effect in August, 1854 : 
 ■o that details of its salutary effect in the diminution 
 of crime and pauperism, cannot yet to any large ex- 
 tent be expected. Its eflfects, however, can be traced 
 in some of the larger cities. 
 
 let. Thelaw went Into effect on ttie first of August. 
 In New Haven, with a population of 23,000, in July, 
 the month before the law came into operation, there 
 were arrested and sent to the 
 
 County Jail - 60 
 to the City Watch House, 18 
 
 128 
 These were the returns for the month before the 
 law interdicted the trade in alcoholic drinks. In the 
 nrrt month after, there were arrested and sent to 
 The County Jail, 16 
 ' Watch House, l5 
 
 Total for August - 31 
 This return exhibite a falling-off of no less than 
 92 arrests in one month ! 
 
 The effect in Hartford, a town containing 16,000 
 inhabitants, was much the same. The month pre- 
 «ding the law for suppressing the trade in liquor, 
 uere were committed to the 
 
 Workhouse, 20 
 . ^\^* month after, only, 8—12. 
 Sna. la No^ iiaven tuw<» was a failing away in 
 •msU in one month of seventy-five per cent, under 
 l»w of prohibition, and in Hartford, sixty per 
 
 cent The Hartford Courant remarked, "There 
 
 have been twenty-three persons discharged ftom the 
 
 a couple of females, would be tenantless. There has 
 not been a parallel to this stata of things at any sea- 
 son of the year for eight yean at least; for how 
 much longer we do not know, but we presume there 
 never was. Is there a sane person who doubts for 
 an Instant what has caused this result " 
 
 3rd. The Rev. Mr. Bush, of Norwich, in this State, 
 made a most satisfactory report on the success of the 
 law, from which the following extract is taken: 
 
 " The cause has been gaining ground among us for 
 years, and having passed through a great moral 
 struggle, we now stand on high ground. While six 
 states have adopted the Maine law, none of themhave 
 succeeded like ours, The report from the towns at 
 the late county meeting at Now London, were cheer- 
 ng, and enough to convince all heretofore opposed 
 to the law. Since the first of August he had not 
 seen a man drunk in Norwich, where the sight had 
 been of daily occurrence. He could give a long list 
 of names of men formerly idle and drinking, who 
 are now sober and industrious. So it is in Wind- 
 ham County, and in Hartford their jails and alms- 
 houses are almost empty. These are samplea/of the 
 effects of the law. Let the law march stralght-for- 
 ward, hewing down the Anakim as well as the piir- 
 miesof the traffic, alike and impartially, and we shidl 
 certainly triumph." •■ j, ui 
 
 In the county of New London, the authorities in 
 the beginning of 1866, reported as follows :— 
 
 • "J^^ fi'""*y P"^"" *' *^/"y' The Maine law is 
 jusUy held responsible for this result. Last year be- 
 fore the law went into operation, from the first of 
 August to the first of Januaiy inclusive, there were 
 upwards of fifty prisoners in the county jail. Since 
 the first of August IrM, the number has been jrradu- 
 ally diminishing, till on New Year's day, there was 
 but one poor fellow held in durance, who 'solitary 
 and alone,' was awaiUng trial for the violation of the 
 liquor law." 
 
 IStrther TetHmonff. 
 
 3. That these effects have been produced in the 
 cities of the state, where the greatest difficulties to- 
 wards the enforcement of the law exist, is itself a 
 proof that goo^ results have followed its operation 
 in the country parts. The testimony of a few emi- 
 nent and reliable men is here subjoined as to the be- 
 neficial working of the law generally in the stata. 
 
 to a letter to Mr. Delevan, Governor Dutton 
 makes the followingdeclaration;— "I hazard nothing 
 in asserting that no candid enemy of the law will 
 deny that it has proved more efficient than ita most 
 sanguine friends anticipated. It has completely 
 swept the pernicious traffic, as a business, from the 
 state. An open groggery cannot be found. I have 
 not seen a person here in a state of intoxication since 
 the first of August. In our ciUes and manufactur- 
 ing villages, streets that were formerly constantly 
 disturbed by drunken brawls, are now quiet as any 
 other. ' 
 
 " The change is so palpable, that many who have 
 been strongly opposed to such a law, have been 
 forced to acknowledge the efficacy of this. 
 
 " The statistics of our courts and prisons prove that 
 criminal prosecutions are rapidly diminishing in 
 number. Some jails are almost tenantless. 
 
 "The law has been thnrnnirhiir <>-r<ioc»o4n.:<t ^ u 
 
 less difficulty and opposition than was anticipated. 
 In no instance has a seizure produced any general 
 excitement. Resistance to the law would be unpo- 
 pular ; and It has been found in vain to set it at de- 
 fiance. The longer the beneficial results of the law 
 
 Sr^if ;Li>n A^'P-vl*' ^'•^'ir^ "°* * sin-ftished. The ridiculous idea, so indnrtSy oK 
 gl« mate pencil in the workhouse, which, except for jutad, tbatthj sanctity of domestic S would bo to 
 
Tk4 Hfttt$ ^ h» PreUktiom. 
 
 19 
 
 yaded, haa been ihown to be a mere boff-bear. The 
 home of tbe peaceful citisen was never oefore to le- 
 care. Tbe offlcers of the law have no occasion to 
 break into bis dwoIlinfCi *»d he is now free horn the 
 Intrusion of the lawless Tictims of intemperance. 
 So far, the law in all other respects has worked to a 
 charm." 
 
 4. In a letter to Mr. Deleran the Hon. T. H. Wil- 
 liams testifies to the good resalts of the law, Feb. 
 28, 1855 : — "So far asmy observation extends I think 
 I have not, since the first of August, seen one intoxi- 
 cated man where I saw ten before ; and there has 
 been a marked diSerence in the state of our streets 
 during the night, so far as I have been able to ob- 
 serve. The universal testimony of all the friends of 
 the law that I have met with is, that the effect of 
 prohibition has been great, and equal to every rea- 
 sonable expectation ; and it is known that some of 
 the strongest opponents of the law now acknowledge 
 their mistake, and testify to its beneficient effect. 
 
 6. The Hon S. Foote of Geneva, who had been op- 
 posed to the law of prohibition until he saw its good 
 effects in Connecticut., acknowledges that he had been 
 mistaken : 
 
 " Experience shews that I was entirely mistaken; 
 the law has been executed everywhere without the 
 least difficulty, and its blessings are incalculable ; with 
 the cessation of drunkenness, (for it has almost ceased 
 among us,) crime and pauperism have comparatively 
 ceased. It will diminish the poor rates in our town 
 fiiU throe quarters, and we do not have one arrest 
 now for crime in our county where we had ten be- 
 fore : there is one element, and a very important one 
 too, to be taken into account in executing the law 
 that I had not thought of, and that is, those who 
 would be riotous under the influence of liquor are 
 passive and submissive without it. With the free 
 use of liquor through thu State there would be rio- 
 tous opposition; without it there is none." 
 
 6. The Rev. Dr. Hawes, of Hartford, corroborates 
 the statement of Mr. Foote in the most satisfactory 
 manner, he says : " In respect to our cities — this city 
 for example — it was always supposed that it would 
 be more difficult to enforce the law than in our coun- 
 try towns, and such is the fact. And yet the law is 
 enforced here and in other places like it far beyond 
 what I, or the fi-iends of temperance generally ever 
 dared to hope. I have Just been told by a gentleman 
 of high standing, and who has the best means of 
 knowing, that there is not a place in the city where 
 liquor is known to be kept for sale. Prosecutions 
 and convictions have been frequent, and it is now 
 understood that whoever openly violates the law must 
 suffer the consequences. 
 
 " I have written the above as expressing my own 
 sentiments ; but from what I know of tbe opinions of 
 my brethren in the ministry here, I have no doubt 
 that all, or nearly all, would readily subscribe to the 
 truth of what I have said, as would Judge Williams, 
 Judge Parsons, and any number of other of our most 
 intelligent, judicious and christian men." 
 
 6. The testimony of the Press in Connecticut is to 
 the same ikvorable result. The Hiddleton iVeto* 
 says, "We do not see as many instances of intoxica- 
 tion OS fonneriy." The Now Ilavsn Ad»ocat6! "' From 
 all parts of the state, the tidings continue to come to 
 UB of the excellent working of the Connecticut Liqimi- 
 Law. 
 
 6. The Norwich Examiner: "It would be eas; .. 
 notice other favourable Indications. Look where we 
 will they are to be been. Go where we will ii)to any 
 city, or village, or hamlet, we find one uniform and 
 entbosiastic testimony In favour of the law. Let na 
 
 thank Qod,and take courage.and be ready.for the neit 
 good work that comes to hand." 
 
 At a large public meeting in Hartford an unanimouf 
 testimony to the results of prohibition was most en- 
 thusiastically made : — 
 
 7. " Retolvtd — That the universal experience of the 
 people under the operation of our excellent prohibitory 
 law fully confirms our most sanguine expectations, 
 and establishes on a firm and sure basis its wisdom, 
 efficiency and power." 
 
 8. Tbe preceding facts, and the testimony of so 
 many eminent persons, persons living in the State 
 and seeing before their eyes the fruits of prohibition, 
 are certainly most demonstrative of the enforcement 
 and efficiency of the law in Connecticut, in prevent- 
 ing intemperance, vice, crime, wretchedness, and all 
 the other evils inevitably connected with the trade in 
 strong drinks. In Connecticut you may travel through 
 and through the State, visit its townships, hamlets, 
 villages, towns and cities, and never once see a drun- 
 ken man. In one town in Canada you will witness 
 in one day more intemperance than you see in all the 
 cities of Connecticut in a whole year. Now, under 
 the operation of the law interdicting the traffic in 
 liquor, it has become, par excellence, tbe land of 
 ittady habits. 
 
 ADDENDA. 
 AUegtd mereeue of Inlemperanee in Portland. 
 1. Since the foregoing remarks on the working of 
 the Prohibitory Law in Maine were written, certain 
 returns relative to the commitments in the city of 
 Portland for various offences have appeared, and 
 which it is incumbent and only fair to produce here. 
 Whether favorable or unfavorable to Prohibition. 
 These are given from that respectable and infl^iential 
 journal the Toronto Leader, and are there stated to 
 have been copied from the Portland Temperance Jour- 
 nal. The returns previously given in this report were 
 taken from documents procured in Portland, and were 
 pronounced there to be correct. The following ar« 
 the returns of commitments to the Alms House, as 
 stated by the Leader: — 
 
 To the Alms Bouse - • 1852 324 
 
 " ... 1B63 243 
 
 <( ... 1854 263 
 
 To the House of Correction - 1860 60 
 
 " - 1861 48 
 
 u . 1862 38 
 
 «« • - 1853 35 
 
 " - 1864 20 
 
 Commitments to the Jail - 1862 140 
 
 *< • 1853 131 
 
 " . 1854 144 
 
 It will be observed that these returns, with the ex- 
 ception of those to ihb House of Correction, which ex- 
 hibits a result favourable to prohibition, do not giro 
 tbe returns for any year previous to the Maine Law, 
 which went into effect on July 4th, 1851, so that with- 
 out the returns before as well as after the law, as- 
 suming the returns themselves to be correct, a satis- 
 factory conclusion cannot be reached. To the Alms 
 House an increase of 39 commitments ore alleged to 
 have taken place in three yean. This increase, how- 
 ever, cannot be the result of prohibition, but has in all 
 probability been the result of other causes, Portland 
 being a sea-port town, and rapidly increasing in popu- 
 lation, and the price of provisions for the last threo 
 years having also greatly advanced. The cominil- 
 ments to the jail, ^'rr'ording to the above retonu, , 
 show an increase o. .^r commitments in three yean 
 in the chief city of Maine. The commitments for 
 three years before the law of prohibition are needed, 
 that it might be seen whether the increase in tfars« 
 years bad not- been much larger than it has been since. 
 
20 
 
 ^^B,fieU^ItBPnkiUtioH. * 
 
 .L ""'"'r?'*^^'" noUTB, and Unreminn.Kl'l .i._ " AuifU»t Ist IHMt^P^l. 1-. 
 
 •WMcured for the time7- ""«"«"">»l''« P«»c«« 
 Drunkenness . . . .„» 
 All other offencei . . l^l 
 
 Total - - . . ^ 
 1-^mpe'rl"" fn°Portl2"ff..""' ^•"" ""« «>f 
 
 130 
 64 
 90 
 48 
 
 74 
 5 
 
 Au(ru.tlstl853toFeb.l,t.l8B4, 
 P^i"^*u''f ■"*=« '■''• "'»» period: . . 
 
 fo^TnSptranr."^"'^-^''^"*. ' 
 '"^"irSoiJe".'""^'''""^^'^""": 
 
 For Drunkenness . . ' ' ' ^^ 
 
 mL^"nii'rd:rase"o7^^rf?vv'''«*°''''«^'-- 
 
 S« months before the law, comSed " '' 
 !• or intemperance, - 
 (flher causes, - 
 
 •II history, to ai facts that -"'^ ''* •*" «P"ience, tt 
 tecUngand nun Lhin^' f '"V.'"""""'* means of de- 
 
 if those pwsons crnsc ientiousT/ *" ** '^"l''* "«""•«»' 
 tloB could show Va?/ A "i ^, apposed to prohibi- 
 
 that prohibition flnXn^nr '*"''*«« "»«-««««rf/ and 
 certainly to take Tfu ^ "'""' ^"^ *^°°e "• But 
 i. not effll'n^'^e:&\*n'd?^"'"•'*'''''•'^ 
 
 oXdVtheTery 8tbllTt7of"f '^"'%"' '' •»»«» be 
 ■ame propriety with Thl^ '"*'*'• •^"«' ^'t** the 
 jnlght i't ,ZS: tS to pthZt" theT r f ""?' Total ... 
 
 increase bili'phemy hit C' h,'""^'''""^ ^«'"'<> 
 •fall wickedness woudLiv u'",® Prohibition 
 men; that, in fine ?h« »^ .""""'P'^ **»« "«"« of 
 bone^t, an'^d mor^, is to re^oL all Uw "h"'"' "«''«' 
 W.1 increase the evils it"7ntnli*T' ^l?"" "'T 
 
 25 
 12 
 
 3? 
 
 For Intemperance, 
 All other causes, 
 
 3 
 11 
 
 Will increase the evHs it f;rn7nnH i*T' ]?**=»"" '»^ Total . - 
 
 i. ui- J, " . " ""ost enticinar temntntinn k« -"..jI fic in othbr placbs? 
 
 ■traints and th« m "f »"■«.« ."•om its demoralisine re- 
 in Wb way .' JJ^S't^^Sf 'r^'"^'''' ^« PJ-<=«'^ 
 fcowew is notTl^n? •.*''* •*"" virtuous. Such 
 
 of on, too wise to err "-"^"'»''" ^^ »»>« P'^er 
 
 wh^nh:?r"arh':rbS fi'^den^ra^f r 
 
 or space, or the cause requires. ' ' '^'*' **""' 
 
 1st. massachusbtts 
 LS J'f'rSl'if f^ r"..?3 !^?^ *!>? ."oral 
 
 441 .•' " 8""»0I UOSton, New Ynrif «„J iJ rr *"'• "•^OBACHUSBTTS. 
 
 -^y^forc-erSr^tS^^^^^^^ " : 
 
 Mi ««»«i«.i— _vf ..^ 'v»''-_ .„„_ J.'J^f "^'y Jogi- UniTersalist 
 
 «ii«»cii^nwi;rcLrrdrawnlri'l[r?'^j°rr^^^^ • .* : 
 
 InftTourofprohlblUoo. 
 2Q9 
 
 94 
 
 29 
 
 149 
 
 39 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 Afalnn lb 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 132 
 
TU ^ftck ^lU PnUbiUm. 
 
 n 
 
 yonheetieut. 
 
 fcn, Connecticut, 
 itill continue* to 
 lie commitmenta 
 
 154, 
 
 ' 64 
 90 
 
 - 48 
 
 1st iBsa, 
 
 - 74 
 ', • - 5 
 imarkable; tbo 
 
 Hougo having 
 knJ the uufnber 
 le same period 
 
 iityln the last 
 -ease compared 
 
 city Jail from 
 
 - 239 
 
 1 
 
 - • 166 
 
 e prohibitory 
 tut. For the 
 rcement, the 
 differed : 
 
 - 218 
 
 - 61 
 
 - 96 
 total of com- 
 lerance; and 
 violating the 
 '2 in the halt 
 
 i House and 
 le following 
 i: — 
 
 . as 
 - la 
 
 - 37 
 orce, 
 
 - 3 
 " ^* 
 
 - 14 
 
 TBI TRAT- 
 
 the States 
 r and ad- 
 rohibition. 
 I that time 
 
 the mornl 
 ibition of 
 9 address- 
 urns are 
 
 Afalnn It. 
 
 1 
 1 
 
 
 • 
 
 
 a 
 
 Stv*ntjf-two were la faroor of tha Uw to one against 
 
 it! 
 
 2. The law is almost universally enforced in this 
 State, and iu effect as illustrated in the decrease of 
 crime is very remarkable. Taking Cambridge, a city 
 of 15,215 inhabiunts, not as the most favourable ex- 
 amples but rather unfavourable, the returns show 
 distiuctiy enough that the law is working out great 
 meliorations in society. In that city there were com- 
 mited to the House of correction : — 
 
 Whole number 
 From Lowell 
 Drunkenness . 
 
 Yenr befbrc 
 Uw law 
 
 1B2 
 
 39 
 lUS 
 
 Total 
 
 339 
 
 Year after 
 
 In favor of 
 frohibliiuu. 
 
 164 
 27 
 88 
 
 28 
 12 
 20 
 
 279 
 
 60 
 
 Again the returs from the city jail show the same 
 favourable result. 
 
 Whole number 
 From Lowell . 
 Intemperate . 
 Minors . . . 
 
 Total 
 
 Year before 
 i'coUlblUoii 
 
 78 
 72 
 71 
 15 
 
 236 
 
 Year truer. 
 
 !ln fnvor of 
 ifrobibiilon 
 
 67 
 
 46 
 
 47 
 
 8 
 
 21 
 
 26 
 
 24 
 
 7 
 
 158 
 
 78 
 
 Here there were fifty commitments to the House of 
 Correction and eighty to the Jail, less in one year un- 
 der the action of the Prohibitory Law than in the 
 year before. In that same year the Police had ar- 
 rested ninety persons leu for intemperance than the 
 year before, and issued only half as many warrants. 
 On these facts the Marshal of the city observes : — 
 
 " It will be seen by comparing the above statistics 
 that the amount of drunkenness for three months 
 ondingOctober22nd, (which are the first three months 
 that the new liquor low has been jn operation,) is 67 
 per cent less than during the same time last year ; and 
 that the criminal business of the Lowell Police Court 
 has been reduced 25 per cent, including the liquor 
 search warrants ; and deducting these yon will find 
 it reduced 38 per cent. Last yar there were over 200 
 places where intozicatingliquors were sold openly, and 
 now there are no places where they are sold publicly. 
 That they are sold in a private and obscure manner, 
 ' I do not doubt, and will continue to be until the pre- 
 sent law is amended in many respects and simplified 
 iU' its operation." 
 
 ' TIBMONT. 
 
 2. The Speaker ofthe House of Representatives an 
 
 office corresponding with the Speaker of Assembly 
 in Canada, states :— " Ten thousand streams of woe 
 Ijave been dried at their fountains — pauperism has 
 been most surprisingly diminished in many localities, 
 county jails have in many inBt-ances become tenantSesa 
 — drunken rows for which Vermont, under her former 
 iniquitous Ucerse laws, was so proverbial, are now 
 
 entirely reckoned aijpong the things that were and 
 
 gross inebriety, if witnessed at all, excites ostonishr 
 dkent, and is quite sure to famish the means of detect- 
 ing and punishing offenders. Thus much haa the 
 law accomplished for our State." 
 
 3. Wherever prohibition has been tried it baa bad 
 
 the same benign effect, whether In Slates, or In Cities, 
 or in Municipalities. Examples of Sutca have bceo 
 given, and specimens of these good results in smaller 
 communitim follow. The town and county niuiiicl- 
 palities in the .Slote of New York were empowered in 
 1845, to prohibit within their reflective limits the 
 trade in ardent spirits. Home of tin se municipalities 
 did so, and after a careful JxaminMion of the effect in 
 several counties, Samuel Chipman, Esq., reported the 
 following results : — 
 
 " After the repeal ofthe law of 1845 we examined 
 thejailsof( wo think) seventeen Counties — ascertaining 
 the number committed to each one the year before the 
 law, anil then the number during its existence. To 
 be as britf as possible : — In Ontario jail the year be- 
 fore that law, the number of prisoners was 125 ; tho 
 year of iU operation 53 ; tho year afifr Iht rrptal 132. 
 That juil was probably built in 17ti0. and was never 
 without a tenant until 1846, during which year it was 
 empty about six months, : and let U be particularly 
 noticed, that in the year when tlie number of prison- 
 ers was greatly diminished, there wius a corresponding 
 diminution in jail expenscn. Mr. Murray Clerk of 
 the Board of Supervisors, >crtiric!) that the number of 
 weeks' board for prisoners during •prohibition was 
 NiNKTV BiouT, and the year after the repeal riva hom- 
 oaan and biuhty two. 
 
 "In Munroe County the year before Prohibition the 
 number in jail was 9.'i3 ; during that year it was 666 : 
 and what the year after, when the tide of intemper- 
 ance had rolled back ? The legal restraint having 
 been removed ? Ponder the answer I It was 947, or 
 287 more than the previous year. Is there auy effi- 
 ciency in legislating against the sale of liquor 7 
 
 " The expenses ofthe poor at the poor-house, were 
 nearly six thousand dollars less while the law ex- 
 isted, than they were the previous year. The num- 
 ber of weeks' board for prisoners was 561 weeks leaa. 
 
 " Genesee County jail had never been without aten- 
 ant, except once — a day or two, until 1 846, when it 
 was so for some weeks. In the other ofthe seventeen 
 counties examined, a mass of facts of the same kind, 
 and to the same effect was obtained, showing that 
 the number of commitments was greatly diminished, 
 and that some other jails were unoccupied for longer 
 or shorter periods for the very first time. Drunken- 
 ness in the streets of the city where we are now 
 writing, (Rochester,) and especially in surrounding 
 villages, was diminished, according to the deliberate 
 opinion of our most observing and judicious citiaena, 
 who were especially questioned on the subject, fiv»- 
 tixtht — we think more. Facts like these might bo 
 given to an indefinite extent, all looking in the same 
 direction, all proving, if facts can prove anything, 
 that prohibitory Ugitlation doa grtaUy Hmmuh thi nik 
 of intemperance," 
 
 3. The prohibition of all sales of liquor on Sun- 
 days has been enjoined in several cities. .Tn Phil»- 
 delphia the effect was very striking. An eye witness 
 of it says, " Nine-tenths of the drinking bars in tho 
 city were closed, and the amountof drunkenness waa 
 certainly not more than one-tenth of what has or- 
 dinarily been seen on Sundays. The drunken groups 
 that have infested the street comers and disgusted 
 I church-goers, were for the first time not to be found. 
 As a consequence, the day was the most quiet here for 
 a long time. Not a broil nor a drunken row, npr ft 
 fireman's fight, nor a false alarm of fire occurred da- 
 ring the whole day." 
 
 3. In Scotland where a law prohibiting the sale 
 of liquors on Sunday has been carried into effect, 
 intemperance has been proportionably lessened. Tbe 
 following Scotch papers bear wita^ to the result:— 
 

 ' »««.-<*««41,;VJ',*|i«„j,Q„^, 
 
 11 
 
 •ln|rl« cue ofBl^^ '"'''^* "•*• *" »«* » 
 »n<r Alio at thtfl^R!!? «»t ik« h, them, not one; 
 
 fellow fr„meAeSUS'^M°'',"-t '*r'«' »'' " 
 »•> hii pocket , J^LTr,? ^i"* • .t"'*'" "'''hi.k^ 
 one or two Vh! i„. o' ."'"•=• "••" ^♦ef*' only 
 
 ''"thmmoulll.'^lll" ^fbath. hare been , 4 
 
 <lt D OrmtlOfi i,f, ->w. 
 
 ci.«d ..w/.uXuio:':" "* """*=• "''• •"•- 
 
 »•' in the h»blul7?h?. '. ^'f '•"'f" '■'" ">e bet- 
 
 „«. ^y Paper. 
 
 tlon oftheMloTS.„!ra '""•'•to 'he prohibi- 
 *«• both In t«wn l„,il ""/^""J^V- From all qu«r. 
 
 upon the Jh.nKor NoTan lit„l f i*" '='""«q«ent 
 , Northern Warder. 
 
 k.pt sTbthi'taS'IllcrtKew nT"i'' •»•»»*' 
 cwne Into oper.Uon On «ilhK .1^ PubHc-howe Act 
 •'»«!• commUUl at the P^r/.^ l«»t there wa. not a 
 
 -om tl. iXncB^f^h '?^'^«"»o'> of Monday." 
 
 Uw in thT-.4ri su" ihlTl'" *''" Prohibitory 
 conclusion .^mst^t'^^nl^olur '"^'"^ "' ^« 
 
 th.«?o™f[/ff !!''**»"*'"«•' *« »» "ported upon 
 
 gro'i'dXJSriTnetlJL?*'"'*'" » «» »»»• 
 •*Uif«ctorT^Mln^f'n '„r?,®°'y *'y of arriving at a 
 
 Mme erll, do not S tl^ It ,?*•••' conntrie» if tht 
 needed. ItMem,?,'* """"^y '=*nnot be aaked or 
 
 death., po^,5,£lX;kJrh?«'*'."'**^"*''^ 
 nuwaUtlM in n«,*nfr^' T*°'' '^'"«'" dMtitution, im- 
 
 S^ebeeSr^-o?,'^^-- i^*e. 
 
 fi^ Dowt each effX «n"5^^''''^ ^^^"^ '»>« 
 «««etoprodn«' thL^ "-i"i*"*° •''^'"^ PO^^^rft^l 
 wore iBstituted into tli. ILT'^^'^i " ^*^* «*«unination 
 
 vidoMhaWtaof mulUtor.Tf •fi'"°»' '•>*« *»«« 
 
 end «.ylum. a« •ll.drorerfll ""'"•■.^•''•' f '""• 
 
 In the proce*i of »Viiiit...>t ''""."'enje ofdium 
 of cider, beeri 1 aid wh,"^ •"d Rro.t qu.ntltiM 
 In the I'roWnr.; The nam ^7"', ^ ""»nnf«<tnred 
 It. Protean for^, InSniteTu trw''''''*^ "" ^'•*'«''. 
 «n.i ita effe-t, .re onl, i%''*7r'r"/'.""V"'"'*'«"' 
 stated in OlMjrow " ev/rr Il.i . "'." *''"'"" •'"dge 
 end in whi.kej" ' ^ *'^" '"""«*» *« ''^gin ud 
 
 reti'.,ra,tbSln" R'^Z oV'l *"?"-»"• 
 gation for 1853 will ^lr« . ♦ i u/'"*^" •'"' n«»^'- 
 tlon, «.un,ini:ofcl?eVat1'«a «'«'"'«' "Po-l- 
 by the Gorernment a« ;„r?i. n^,'"' "^ P"bli»hed 
 
 quantise, are Tn I. L«7 brought' Inti'tVeT *"?' '"T 
 ■raugg ers whor«rr»n„ . i " i. *"' Prorince by 
 
 "quo" ; It ifaU trae that E''"' "I'/'?'"'""' *'»*'"» '" 
 <rin. wine anrt „»k1. w *'** ^"*"'"'«» of brand\ 
 
 whUk%" 'but the P&"rn""!'"'""'^'"^"'*'«"^ 
 liquor smugg eHr produo Jh- h'"?*'* *J""""»J' "^ 
 
 q-^ntit.con.u J^rthrrSe-^a '^S"4f 
 
 b^'krtiStl;^lqtr'iuror!^''^r?^""»" 
 
 Ublog referred toXethp fill/, '^ calculation, the 
 at hand :_ *^ ' '*"' Allowing return., the lateat 
 
 THTaiMPOBTATlOWW 1863. ^ ""^ "* 
 
 Brandj, 
 
 Rum, 
 
 Whiskey, 
 
 Cordial., 
 
 Wine., 
 
 Qin, 
 
 O^ Imported. TouiVaJM. 
 
 147,828 
 64,767 
 324,074 
 1,470 
 368,471 
 129,273 
 
 £34,891 
 
 6,473 
 
 24,463 
 
 413 
 
 61,331 
 
 13,941 
 
 Amount of Duty 
 „ P«ldio 
 Governneat. 
 
 £33,604 
 
 6,ii? 
 
 7,1CP 
 
 .',:r* 
 
 14,:-,.; 
 
 16,163 
 
 X129,602 I £67,514 
 
 'in aiirniVeKhr l"ol4'8'?3?a'.ro'"' T''""?«<» 
 revenue *4«7fro^ A^"S^T:>'^i';'«-' '*« ^« 
 
 'revenue - ThS oues^o^ S'Lfl '"^ * ■""" *»"• J«» 
 
 another :-if thervel"Jl^!L'",!l!!'!? »>r -"kiniT 
 
 , iuiporiaiion Of liquor can"noTbij"ina^rf"jn°«k '^'^ "" 
 
 ;tb.t lb. ~»«iSr .bSdSiS'is? Jr*^ "^ 
 
 "... <»n.~«d w.i"f;.°^wSbSrsr?' 
 
 
h A«rt a AVct««rr far PrtkiUm m (hmuio 
 
 thti eonMrj'; 
 clowi, 10 Dianj 
 •.J»lli, prijom 
 "'hyourhousot 
 »re kiwajri fall 
 • of InttancM, 
 
 not only the 
 ^tntkt tarn 
 
 '/ imported, 
 ndi ofintox- 
 uio ofdi-nd^ 
 !at quantities 
 lanQfactored 
 ^ are Legion, 
 foni endlen, 
 ircnit Judfre 
 > begin and 
 
 9 traffic, tha 
 le and naW- 
 rect cxpoii. 
 M pnbllghed 
 le that Urge 
 ProTlnce by 
 ful trade In 
 lof brandj, 
 ared out of 
 luantity of 
 ion, is nn- 
 argnment, 
 ivrells the 
 very large 
 
 nggllng or 
 ntlon, the 
 I the latest 
 
 IHPOBTID, 
 OOTT OR 
 
 It or Duty 
 kid 10 
 romeat. 
 
 804 
 
 -li? 
 IfiP 
 
 A:rt 
 tea 
 
 iU 
 
 nsamed 
 ' spirits, 
 difflcnl- 
 helatyt 
 n 1863, 
 t. Can 
 kt>ni its 
 asking' 
 uiy ott 
 veient 
 wOdit 
 ii than 
 lerong 
 nka? 
 
 Bthey 
 
 do, one gallon newly for cerh man, woman and < 
 In the F'rwvlnce, are notl'f" only sources whcnn 
 derlTed. The sueceedln Uble, compiled fron 
 returns in the Canada i.ensus for \HhY-2, 
 MothntOWKt of the evils of intemperaiK • - 
 
 EtublUi- 
 ntenia. 
 
 Distilleries, 
 Breweries, 
 Cider Hills, 
 
 Number 
 
 100 
 37 
 60 
 
 177 
 
 Cipftal 
 In««M»cl. 
 
 £38,742 
 11,376 
 
 £60,017 
 
 lUnda 
 
 ElBi(iO)«i 
 
 653 
 133 
 
 774 
 
 Uuanilijr made 
 
 —111 UttiloM. 
 
 1,080,708 
 475,315 
 743,840 
 
 3,304,933 
 
 •nieri U pr .fii cod, again, by the manufacture, 
 nc»rlyor( t;alluu each for erery man, woman, and 
 child in ♦he whole Province. Hegidcs, it is a most 
 remarkal.) circumstance that out of 85 counties and 
 citie* In Canada, returns of Distilleries were made 
 from only 47. More than one-half of the counties in 
 the Province rcfuge<l compliance to the Census Com- 
 mission. Returns of Breweries were not madefh>ra 
 33 counties. For those from whom returns were 
 made, the details were very unsatisfactory. But 
 why this reluiUnce to have the doings of these 
 estab'.ishmenU icnown 7 If satisfied that they are a 
 benefit to Society, why not give all the facts and de- 
 tails. The Government did iU duty in demanding fUll 
 and perfect returns from these establishments, butthere 
 hag been neglect some where. There is one point, 
 however, in which these returns are, probably, correct, 
 in the amount of capital invested in the business. 
 As the qu» ition of indemnity in case of enn< ting a 
 prohibitory law, would be likely and rery properly, 
 to arise, it is a satisfaction to know that through all 
 Canada, there is invested in distilleries and breweries, 
 the small sum of X50,000. Presuming, therefore, 
 that the Proprietors put down their investments at 
 the ftjll value, in view of indemnity in case of prohi- 
 bition, that question is by no means as formidable aa 
 has been supposed. 
 
 From the imports and manufacture of liquors there 
 U la Canada the total of~ 
 
 Importations in gallou, . 1,014,878 
 Manafactured SpiriU, . 3,.04,910 
 
 This retnm of plac . .,e liquor may be tad, brings 
 '•|2,>" '" ^'i" view a sad and appalling sUU of things. 
 "The po(.ul.ttlon of Canada Is l,H43,266, and not in- 
 ii, luding the drinking saloons and houses lic'< tu<(4 to 
 •ell lijiiori, which abound in our villa«t«s, ti uii ead 
 citiei, I, e is one esUblishment ihrougUuut tiM 
 whole Province for every 322 souls. There are 
 2U.t.607 families in Caiiada, and an establish inent 
 whcr-- liquors are sold foreverr 51 families in the 
 Provi^ re. 
 
 Nay, it may safely be affirmed that this is far below 
 the truth of the innc ; of this there can he no doubt 
 to any person who has eianiined the returns. It is a 
 most startling fact that in compiling tli above It was 
 ascertained that not half the counties bad made re- 
 turns; and in consequence another table was then 
 prepared to show how exceedingly defective were the 
 returns, in reference to these houses for the sale of 
 liquors. 
 
 The result is in the subjoined Uble, from which it 
 appears that if the returns from the several counties 
 which did not give them, had been as large in proper- 
 •ion aa those which supplied the returns, then, in that 
 case, there would have been one o*' the above-named 
 esUblishments for every 35 faraili. in the Province. 
 TABLE, thowmg the Numbtr of Oomliet m toeh 
 
 Provmee,/rom vkieh Rttumt <^ i %» tptral Cl4U$M 
 
 of Perton* engaged m SeUmg Liquin, kavt b«m 
 
 made : — 
 
 Cls«es of Perioiis 
 . HdUui Liqiuwi. 
 
 Orand Total, . 4,229,788 
 
 6, The importers and manufacturers, to say no- 
 thing of smugglers and adulterators of liquors, pro- 
 Tide for our Canadian community, on an average, 
 ■omelhiug like three gallons per annum for each 
 inhabitant The subjoined table will give some idea 
 of the agencies employed in the internal trade of 
 liquors in the Province, and show by what means it 
 is that it becomes diffused so amversally in the 
 conntry : — 
 
 Bar-keepers, 
 Boarding Houses, 
 Brewers, 
 Distillers, . 
 Orocers, 
 Hotel-keepers 
 Inn-keepers . 
 Tavern-keepers, 
 Wine-merchants, 
 Ale k Porter do., 
 
 otio 
 4 not 
 
 IstabUrimMDls where Uqoor is 
 sold in Canada. 
 
 Bar-keepers, 
 
 Bond Houses, 
 
 Ale and Beer Merchants, 
 
 Inn-keepers, 
 
 Hotel'keepers, . 
 
 Brewers 
 
 Grocers, 
 
 Distillers . ... 
 
 Wine Merchants, 
 
 Store-keepers 
 
 TaTem-keepers, . 
 
 o.w. 
 
 1 
 CM. 
 
 74 
 
 22 
 
 32 
 
 64 
 
 
 3 
 
 1216 
 
 364 
 
 354 
 
 83 
 
 219 
 
 61 
 
 419 
 
 629 
 
 188 
 
 7 
 
 1 
 
 8 
 
 435 
 
 1228 
 
 666 
 
 6» 
 
 MM 
 
 2448 
 
 Total. 
 
 96 
 
 96 
 
 3 
 
 1600 
 
 .1.17 
 
 280 
 
 948 
 
 196 
 
 9 
 
 1663 
 
 616 
 
 6,742 
 
 6. If then, the evils of intemperance are 
 numerous in Canada as in other countries, it d. i am 
 arise in any scarcity of liquor; not in any w at of 
 imporUtion; not because there are no places in w'hich 
 to manufacture it ; not because there is not an asapls 
 staff of interested persons to difl'iue it abroad it Um 
 Province. There is no other single branch of trad« 
 in which such numbers are engaged ; so that the 
 means of producing evil, of creating poverty, 
 drunkenness, and crime, are amply sufficient Th re 
 have not been collected so numeroos statistics la 
 proof of the great evils of the trade in Oanadn, as n 
 the adjoining SUtes, where longer and more minuM 
 ob servat ions have been made. Bnt the.^e is not a 
 cler{mnan, a councillor, a physician, or a maciitnte 
 
 VrhA la nnt nvrabM. £\t*Ut^m^ ..wll- L. I . ^* .. 
 
 •• - — •• "'" "' • ^"-'-', TTISU S3S SCI iCttM IBS 
 
 wretchedness and ruin produced by alcoholic drinks. 
 There is probiiMy not a township, where its victins 
 cannot be found reduced to povertj and beggair* to 
 imbecilitvor to crime. There is probaUy of tlie 
 293,266 families in Canada, not one family, soms of 
 
 i whose members have not snfllasvd in das war or 
 another through Intoxicating drinks. It is a paikfU 
 r«fle«Uon too, tbat aotwitlutWMUiit nil the taws t» 
 
u 
 
 tempemnce for the last twenty-five yea^s Totwith 
 terrible effects; and notwithstanding that the Chrs- 
 
 i* ttw a J\receidty/or Brtkibition in Canada f 
 
 Good ^ect of the Z««> Maine in ii,nini,kinff 
 is stated thus"- ' '"'•' "•'*•' •"» *»»« 20th page, 
 
 Tear. 
 
 Delirium Tremens, 
 Suicide, . 
 Drowned . 
 Intemperance, . 
 Frozen, . 
 
 Sudden dtfath, , ] 
 Cause not specified. 
 Cold, . . ' 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 206 
 
 46 
 
 8 
 
 88 
 
 244 
 
 117 
 
 Total, . . , . ^jg 
 
 in fh^^/^PP*^"" °°Iy 4^ died annually by intemperance 
 in this young country, is not that enough ? must ?he 
 
 bS^UislaTon'w'fl "^ ^""-^-^^ or thrand' 
 Z^HlX^Jb) "" "P *° ^''^ rescue ?_^e;| 
 
 Who»^j"=*-'!°i"^'"*"' only is the result of this trade 
 Whv i» ♦h ' ^y\ "'*^*' «" "'^''y ""-^niacs in Canada ? 
 I^h^r' *'"i'5y'«n» at Toronto filled to oyerflowinV 
 and Beaufort the same, andyetdemands from all ZtL' 
 
 ».«.» "M*M!8, ana tnat new asylums are alrpuHir 
 
 ?90 „«.T''"^ r**"**^ Why is it that out of every 
 fdi^t^v w' '"p^^ada one is either insane or^ 
 idiot ? Erery effect proceeds from some cause. 
 It has before been shown that a large ner centnm 
 
 mi^takpn {„ «. !" ''e .suppose that medical men are 
 mistaken in stating liquors to be so powerful an 
 
 ttTiealir'tS^ T'* ' ^."PP''^^ whaHs far belo*^ 
 fi.B.^a \f'»i ** °°,'y '^-•^■'''* Of ">« insanity in 
 JZfi%^r**'-! "'"'* "^ intemperance, is not thLt 
 
 There i.« in this Province now— 
 
 In Oanada West, . . i ofio 
 
 In Canada Bast,^ . J'?"? ,_„, 
 
 maniacs or idiots. If but bne fifth «p »u °*' 
 
 1841 
 
 1842 
 
 1843 
 
 1844 
 
 1845 
 
 1846 
 
 1847 
 
 1848 
 
 1849 
 
 1850 
 
 1851 
 
 1852 
 
 1853 
 
 Average oiiiuber. 
 
 50 
 
 59.2 
 
 65.3 
 
 70 
 
 80.2 
 
 93.8 
 
 108 
 
 112 
 
 126 
 
 137 
 75.4 
 78.6 
 
 109 
 
 Increase. 
 
 9.2 
 
 6.3 
 
 5 
 10.2 
 13.9 
 14.1 
 
 4 
 14 
 11 
 
 3.2 
 31 
 
 Ueereaie. 
 
 61.6 
 
 From this table it is evident lat tj,.* <• , — 
 
 Year after, 1852, . ' ' tl 
 
 after ;h^^Vy:ars"t81i^V"*° V^" *° '''> ^eing 
 
 ■ Orime produced by Intemperance. 
 I ». Again the effects are witnes-jpii in ♦».» tr 
 of Industry, in the PnhL u -l , ". ^''^ Honsea 
 Stations, in the increas^^ «? -r"^?' ^ '^^PoU.e 
 the Jails' and Prisons ofThep/ovS'' fc"^' •'" 
 
 United Counties of ProntPn J T "* '"I"*""- ^" t*** 
 
 Crime in Toronto. 
 
 milmeitsItooTtliuL- '• '''' "^°^« --^- «f «-- 
 For Felony, . ,„^ 
 
 Drunkenness, ! ' ' ,f°* 
 
 Other Crimed, .' ; ; JJJJ 
 
 Total, . . 7205 
 
 ..?°v.ll''f!l °f H''."' «<«" were for drunk«n„... 
 
 ToUl, . . . j-^ ! 
 
 
'n AmmuMi^ 
 
 connected with 
 rf Maine. The 
 in that Asjium 
 the very able 
 by the Superin- 
 the 20th page, 
 
 ue. 
 
 l>eerea(e. 
 
 61.6 
 
 lat from 1841 
 Hospital had 
 until in nine 
 tumber: and 
 >ry law came 
 enlt: thus, — 
 
 137 
 78 
 
 10?, being 
 ir before the 
 
 the Houses 
 1 the Police 
 epravity, in 
 'he commit- 
 the product 
 lor. In the 
 Qd Adding- 
 iving report 
 
 1600 
 200 
 
 700 
 
 « ordered 
 
 and it is 
 
 a a great 
 
 er ofcom- 
 
 104 
 
 186 
 
 176 
 
 65 
 
 1 with the 
 
 >al, ther* 
 
 9208 
 1393 
 
 1601 
 
 
 Crimt m Monirtdl. 
 In Montreal, in the first three months of 1854. the 
 returns stood thus - — 
 
 In consequence of Intemperance, . 690 
 
 All other Causes, .... 46i 
 
 Mr. M.J Hays, Chief of Police in Montreal, has 
 published the " Statistics of Crime," in that city, for 
 the whole of the year 1854, from which it appears 
 that there were 4217 cases in all. 
 
 Arising in Intemperance, . . 2486 
 All other Causes, . . , \>i^\^ 
 
 Total, . . . 4217 
 Indeed, take any number of cities, take any round 
 of years, there is the same result, the same chain of 
 cause and effect, the traffic in liquors, intemperance, 
 crime, and imprisonments. 
 
 12. StalUtict of the Provincial renilmtiary, thowing the 
 Caute of Crime. 
 The Statistics of the Provincial Penitentiary ex- 
 hibit the same effects, as proceeding from the same 
 pernicious agency. The Chaplain of that Institution 
 reported, in 1852, on the habits of the 284 convicts 
 under his charge, as follows : — 
 1852. 
 Habitual drunkards, . , jgs 
 
 Intemperate, occasional, do., . 78 
 
 Moderate drinkers, . . 30 
 
 Drunk w' en the crime was committed 138 
 In 1853, of the 88 commitments, of that year •- 
 
 "",*™? 'eply— the reply «hich wonld be exacted 
 by full deliberation— would be, that he should study 
 the means by which this worst of plagues might bo 
 stayed. The intellectual, moral, and religious wel- 
 tare of our people; their material comforU, their 
 domestic happiness are all involved. The question 
 Is, whether millions of our countrymen shall be helped 
 to become happier and wiser— whether pauperism 
 lunacy, disease and crime shall be diminished— 
 whether multitudes of men, women and children 
 shal be aided to escape from uttter ruin of body and 
 soul? Surely such a question as this, enclosing 
 within Its limits consequences so momentous, ought 
 to be weighed with earnest thought by all our 
 patriots."— 5e« note V, Appendit B. 
 
 36 
 
 41 
 33 
 39 
 30 
 1 
 
 year, as 
 
 32 
 45 
 87 
 26 
 43 
 7 
 
 Habitual drunKards, 
 
 Convicts who committed crime 
 
 when intoxicated; . 
 Occasionally drunk. 
 Immoderate drinkers, 
 Moderate drinkers, 
 Totally abstaining, 
 
 In 1854, of the 108 convicts of that 
 follows : — 
 
 Habitual drunkards, 
 
 Occasional drinkers. 
 
 Immoderate drinkers, 
 
 Neglected their business from drinking 
 
 Drunk when the crime was committed. 
 
 Reduced to want and destitution, 
 So, therefore, it is must manifest, that turn which- 
 ever way we may, the effects of alcohol are visible, 
 in every rank, in every phase of society ; that, indeed 
 it is an agency of demoralization so productive, that 
 yon look in vain for a spot where its foot-prinU are 
 not seen ; in high or low, in state and church, among 
 old and young, among pen and women, wherever in 
 in its progress of want and woe it goes abroad, be- 
 hind it is a desolate wilderness, while before it all 
 was as the garden of the Lord. Judged by its effects 
 in demoralizing the minds of men, in tending to 
 breaches of law, to the commission of crime, wher- 
 ever you see it,— and you see it everywhere, it is, it 
 must be a crying evil, the greatest immorality of the 
 age, and ought to be suppressad.- ^ee JVbte /K. 
 Appendix B. '' 
 
 The following remarks from an able article in the 
 North Brili»h Review for February last, needs no 
 comrueudatiun. '-Looking then at "the manifold and 
 frightful evils that spring from drunkenness, we 
 think we are justifieij in saying, that it is the most 
 dreadful of all the ills that afflict the British Isles. 
 We are convinced that if a statesman who heartily 
 wished to do the utmost possible good to his country 
 were thoughtAil to inquire whiclj of the topics of the 
 d«gr deserved the most intense force of his attention, 
 
 CONCLUSION, 
 .u^" *"1??'"K this document to a close it is believed 
 that sufbcient has been adduced to satisfy everv un- 
 biassed mind, first, that the prohibitory law in Maine 
 and other states hits been enforced ; and secondly, 
 that Its enforcement has had a very salutary effect in 
 the diminution of the evils arising from the traffic : that 
 thirdly ample facts and statisUcs have been broueht 
 forward in proof that a necessity in those slates ex- 
 isted, m order to check those evils, to prohibit the 
 trade in liquors ; and lastly, that from the same cause 
 the same evils are produced in Canada, from these 
 acts, the conclusion necessarily follows, that we need 
 u 't"^ '"T"'^ •''"'^ '*"* ""'^ namely, prohibition. It 
 has been shown to be, by undeniable facts, an immor- 
 ality, a monstrous immorality— the immorality of the 
 age It should be dealt with as other immoralities, 
 forbidden by law, made contraband, and the law en- 
 orced with stringent penalties. Men will then feel 
 that both their safety and interest lie on the side of 
 law and morality. The law should be turned to the 
 right about and instead of being made, as it now does, 
 to protect the trade and its evils, it ought to protect 
 society 1» protect our families, to protect the mor- 
 ality of the country. Why should not the people of 
 Canada implore, and if that will not be heeded, de- 
 mand such protection. That eminent prelate, the 
 Kt. Rev. Dr. Potter, justly observes in his admirable 
 pamphlet on the " Drinking Usages of Society :" « We 
 all consider it madness not to protect our children 
 and ourselves against small pox, by vaccination, and 
 this, though the chance of dying by the disease mar 
 be onem a thousand, or one in ten thousand. Druni- 
 ^mall ** " ^'''"^' ""^' loalhiome and deadly than even 
 Besides, it may justly be asked, who will the proM- 
 Dition of the traffic harm, who will it injure? As a 
 beverage neither parents, nor children, nor servants 
 need it ; neither the idle nor industrious, neither the 
 poor nor the rich, neither the merchant, mechanic nor 
 farmer; neither the physician, barrister nor divine- 
 It IS not needed by any class; to thousands it ia a 
 %•. . ft dangerous luxury. D. P. Brown, Esq., 
 ofPliiladelphia has assigned the follow reasons for 
 prohibiting the traffic, and they apply as forcibly to 
 Canada as elsewhere :— -- ^r ., / w 
 
 " They deprive men of their reason for the time 
 being; they destroy men of the greatest intellectual 
 strength ; they foster and encourage every species 
 
 they destroy the peace and happiness of milions of 
 families ; they reduce many virtuous wifes and chil- 
 dren to beggary ; they cause many thousands of mur- 
 ders ; they prevent all restoraUon of character: ther 
 render abortive the strongest revolutions; the mllUoiu 
 of property expended in them are lost; they cause tha 
 majority of cases of insanity ;thcy destroy both the body 
 and soul ; they burden sober people with miUipn* of 
 
26 
 
 Appendix. 
 
 panpers • they causp immense expenditures to prerent 
 ch«riU .Y "°K «obw people immense sums in 
 ♦iji ^i ^^"^ ]'."'■''*'" *'"' *=»""*'y with enormous 
 t«es ; because the moderate drinlters want the temp- 
 tation removed, (Jrunlcards want the opportunity re- 
 moved; sober people want the nuisance removed : 
 tax payers want the burden removed; the prohibit 
 tion would save thousands from faUing; the sale ex 
 ^Z»i ""/ ST'i^'.to in"""; the sale exposes our 
 in^Tf, *i destruction ; the sale upholds the vicious 
 and idle at the expense of the virtuous and industri- 
 
 ^ i\u f*'".'*''*^ *•*« ^o*'^'" ""^n's earnings to sup- 
 port the drunlcard; it subjects numberless wives to 
 untold suflFcnng; it is contrary to the Bible ; it is con- 
 trary to common sense ; we have a right to rid our- 
 selves of the burden." " "u uur 
 
 KJ.'?f*P"v*P'i"'P™'''^*"°" ''"Snow been adopted 
 
 N^w Vn^lf' ^"«^'^"'' ?***"' ^y *^« 8^«»t State of 
 New York, by several other states ; by the Province of 
 
 rnrnM?*"" v'^' "2** ^.'^ °°^y '°«* ^y tJ'e Legislative 
 Council m Nova Scotia. It is therefore evident, as 
 this law 18 carried into effect in these several places, 
 Canada must become the last resort, or a sort of 
 general reservoir for the outlawed liquor in all these 
 places; smuggling will increase; intemperance will 
 increase ; poverty, crime and insanity .will increase; 
 au the army of evils proceeding from the traffic will 
 increase; and patriotism requires every man that 
 loves his country to arise in the strength of reason and 
 religion to stand in the breach and stay the evil. 
 Bodet* " **** ^'^'^^' °'"^°'' ^""^ morality of 
 
 "All laws for the restraint or punishment of crime, 
 for the preservation of the public peace, health and 
 Sn'J^"' ^° r "'«*'•, ^ery nature, of primaiy im- 
 portance, and he at the foundation pf social exis- 
 tence. They are for the protection of life and liberty 
 and necessarily compel all laws of secondary import 
 tance, which relate only to property, convenience or 
 luxury, to recede when they come in contact or col- 
 lision. Salutpopulituprema lex. The exigencies of 
 the social compact requir* that such laws be executed 
 before and above all others. It is for this reason that 
 quarantine laws, which protect health, compel mere 
 ceramercial regulations to submit to their control. 
 They restrain the liberty of the passengers; they 
 operate on the ship, which is the instrument of com- 
 merce, and on its officers and crew, and the rights of 
 navigation. They seize the infected cargo and cast 
 it overboard; laws for the preservation of health, 
 prevention of crime, and protection of the public wel^ 
 fare, must of necessity have full and free operation, 
 fwence" exigency that requires their inter- 
 
 This question, whether the law shall be made to 
 throw ite shield over the welfare and morality of 
 society, is one of vast magnitude, and of infinite con- 
 sequences to the people of Canada, on which hangs 
 the destiny of thousands of its inhabitants. "I am 
 persuaded," said Lord John Russell, when Prime Min- 
 ister of England, « I am convinced that there is no 
 cause more likely to elevate the people of this conn- 
 try in every respect, whether as regards religion, 
 whether as regards political importance, whether a^ 
 regards literary and moral cultivation, than this great 
 question of Temperance." * 
 
 -—J"—-") -"ciiicr as rciaicsto ine evils ofthe 
 present icense system, or whether as relates to the 
 leasibility and benefits of the •' absolute prohibiUon." 
 is now la^rly before the people and the Parliament, 
 to say what shall be done. It is to be hoped that the 
 present Parliament, which has already adjusted some 
 most important issues, may have also the honor of 
 oonftring the great boon of prohibiUon upon the peo- 
 
 ple of this ProTince. More thnn forty thousand pe- 
 titioners have earnestly asked this boon, and it now 
 remains for our Parliament to say how and when 
 this prayer shall be granted; to say whether the 
 struggle of intemperance against drunkenness, of 
 right against wrong, of virtue against vice, of truth 
 against error, of morality against the great immor- 
 ality of our days, shall be ended or not. Should they 
 decide rightly, the traffic will cease, its evils be re- 
 moved, and society be protected for the future 
 They wiU be remembered and blessed for the Act of 
 Prohibition, by myriads that are now reduced to the 
 lowest stage of want and almost hopeless misery- 
 even with the blessings of them that are ready to 
 perish, shall they be blessed. Such an act will cause 
 ten thousand hearts to beat more quickly for its glad 
 news, md ten thousand eyes to fill and sparkle with 
 tears of gratitude, hope and joy, for the great tempta- 
 tion removed, the monstrous traffic in human hap- 
 piness, health, life and morals destroyed ; and that 
 though late, a benign legUlation has prevailed, and 
 the country secured, 
 
 PBlVBNTlOJr !— PBOTKCTION 1 1— PROHIBmON.III 
 
 All which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 HANNIBAL MULKINS. 
 KiKOBTON, March 31st, 1856. 
 
 APPENDIX A. 
 NoTB, No. I.— Prom the returns on the Jails and 
 Houses of Correction, in the State of Massachusetts, 
 tor 1863, It appears that the whole number of crimi- 
 nals confined in the jails in thatyearwere 11,526; of 
 this numbef were committed, 
 
 For Intemperance, .... 4531 
 
 Addicted to Intemperance, . . . gsg 
 
 The whole State, therefore, excluding those ad- 
 
 d ctedto drunkenness, had only 6037 criminals out of 
 
 iX^ '^^^ expenses of these jails for 1853 were 
 
 In the same year there were confined to theHonsea 
 of Correction 4734 persons. 
 
 For Intemperance, .... 2692 
 Addicted to Intemperance, . . 3045 
 Thus, excluding those addicted to strong drinks 
 there were only 1489 offenders in aU the State, con- 
 fined in the Houses of Correction. 
 
 Ofthe whole number in both jails and Houses of Cor- 
 rection 7223 were confined for intemperance; 3924 were 
 strongly addicted to drunkenness; 11,147, out ofthe 
 total 16,268, were involved, directly or indirecUy, in 
 consequence of the legal sale and use of ardent spirits. 
 The total costs of these establishments are reported 
 as follows : — 
 
 The Jails, . . . $60,789 
 
 Houses of Correction, . . . 60,378 
 
 ^. Total .... $idl,l67 
 
 This vast expense is paid by the Countftes, and does 
 
 not include any of the judicial or criminal exoendi- 
 
 ture of the State. 
 
 APPENDIX B. 
 
 I. Table showing the number of Convicts In Penl- 
 
 tentiaries in the year 1850 : 
 
 Statis. 
 
 Whites. 
 
 Blacks. 
 
 Total- 
 
 Massacbaselts 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Missonil 
 
 ludian* 
 
 • 
 
 38» 
 115 
 132 
 86 
 164 
 146 
 
 1031 
 
 42 
 120 
 
 71 
 1 
 2 
 
 
 236 
 
 431 
 235 
 203 
 86 
 166 
 146 
 
 1267 
 
AfpmUx. 
 
 27 
 
 to the Houses 
 
 cks. 
 
 Total- 
 
 42 
 
 431 
 
 120 
 
 39» 
 
 71 
 
 203 
 
 1 
 
 86 
 
 2 
 
 166 
 
 
 
 146 
 
 236 
 
 1267 
 
 IL TABti— State Prisons and Penetentiaries, 1660. 
 
 Statu. 
 
 Alabama 
 
 Arkaniai 
 
 I.^iluinbla DUtrlet of. 
 
 Connectirut 
 
 Delaware 
 
 rioritla., 
 
 Ororgta 
 
 IlliDOil , 
 
 Indiona , 
 
 Iowa 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Loulaiana 
 
 Maine 
 
 Maryland 
 
 Mannchuietta 
 
 MIrhigan , 
 
 Mtfaisaippl , 
 
 Mi'timrt 
 
 Mew Hampahlre. . • . 
 
 »evr York 
 
 New Jeraey... 
 Kortb Carolina. 
 OUo 
 
 PennajlTanla 
 
 • a • • s 
 
 Bhode Itlandi 
 South Carolina .... 
 
 Teniieiae 
 
 Tciaa 
 
 Virginia 
 
 Vermont 
 
 Wlaeonain 
 
 fflave holding Btatea . 
 KoD-Stave-bolding St . 
 
 Place whera 
 loeated. 
 
 Wetuiapka .. 
 UtUaSoek.. 
 Washington.. 
 Wether>fleld . 
 County Jalli. 
 County Jalli . 
 MilledgcTUIe. 
 
 Alton 
 
 Jeflbrtonville 
 Oounty Jalla. 
 Frankfort . . . 
 Baton Rouge. 
 Thoniaiton . . 
 Baltimore . . . 
 ChartettOD . . . 
 Jaekaon ... . , 
 Jackion City 
 Jefferton ... 
 Concord . . . ■ 
 
 Auburn 
 
 Sing Sing .... 
 Clinton County 
 
 Total .... 
 
 Treaion 
 
 County Jaila . . 
 Colunibua. . . . 
 
 Philadelphia . . 
 Alieglieuy City 
 
 Total 
 
 Providence ... 
 Diitrict Jaila. . 
 NaihvUle .... 
 County Jail* . . 
 Richmond . . . 
 
 Windaor 
 
 County Jaila . . 
 
 I 
 
 11' 
 37 
 
 r, 
 
 146 
 
 1 
 
 19 
 
 89 
 
 \<a 
 
 131 
 
 s 
 
 147 
 
 l»5 
 7" 
 It.'V 
 38P 
 III 
 8S 
 163 
 91 
 
 609 
 SS3 
 118 
 
 ia8< 
 
 13.1 
 
 I'i 
 
 38-} 
 
 33-.t 
 
 M 
 
 at 
 
 31 
 189 
 fi 
 1S8 
 69 
 «< 
 
 1358 
 1400 
 
 I7fl 
 
 Total. l7iF^88tS4A 4433 0.440 
 
 I 
 
 -•c.a 
 C V 
 
 ••2* 
 
 .Sac 
 
 119 
 38 
 AS 
 
 17ii 
 
 6 
 
 VI 
 
 89 
 
 13(i 
 
 146 
 i 
 
 \m 
 
 166 
 79 
 •3S 
 131 
 M\ 
 86 
 IAS 
 91 
 
 uf? 
 
 8'» 
 IS4 
 
 1681 
 
 1711 
 
 14 
 
 40U 
 
 3n 
 
 114 
 
 43i 
 
 a- 
 
 3i 
 19t> 
 A 
 19» 
 ti9 
 3(1 
 
 1681 
 3DSS 
 
 S.743 
 
 •i.asi 
 
 7.1IU 
 4.U2U 
 
 .1411 
 9.7M 
 1.S14 
 1.38'J 
 1.3III 
 
 .164 
 1.910 
 
 itai 
 
 I.3S7 
 9.7SI 
 U.94: 
 3.B09 
 3.874 
 9.786 
 3.8<)0 
 
 4.637 
 
 9.64-2 
 
 .916 
 
 .1831 
 
 I.4S9 
 9.439 
 |.I6.> 
 9.497 
 
 .394 
 1.4i9 
 3 9111 
 
 .896 
 
 9.189 
 3.S91 
 
 I: 
 
 Ml 
 .969 
 
 90 ..leu 
 
 .18 99ti 
 3.466 
 
 IS.U6 
 13.309 
 
 .678 
 a.7u7 
 
 7.968 
 
 46.337 
 
 61.9:14 
 
 Mi 
 
 .111 
 
 51.1311 
 90.377 
 U63 
 17.403 
 
 10.907 
 8.174 
 
 .984 
 .170 
 
 1.3(i9 
 
 47.94$ 
 
 .938 
 i8.743 
 
 ni. Tabl«— Statistics of twenty Penitentiaries (from 
 the Prison Socity Report.) 
 
 Penitentlariea. 
 
 Maine 
 
 New Hampshire 
 "Vermont . 
 Massachusetts . 
 Rhode Island . 
 Oonnecticnt 
 Auburn, N. Y. . 
 Sing Sing, (Male,) . 
 Sing Sing, (Female,).. 
 Clinton County, N. Y. 
 New Jersey . , 
 PbUadelphia . 
 PitUburg, Pa . 
 Butimore, M. D. 
 District of Columbia 
 Virginia . . 
 Georgia . . < . 
 Kentuclcy . 
 Ohio 
 Michigan . 
 
 Total . 
 
 
 67 
 
 77 
 
 62 
 281 
 
 20 
 157 
 473 
 611 
 
 83 
 163 
 176 
 293 
 116 
 258 
 
 40 
 200 
 
 98 
 161 
 426 
 128 
 
 a o , 
 III 
 
 86 
 
 82 
 
 62 
 349 
 
 28 
 176 
 645 
 672 
 
 78 
 124 
 185 
 299 
 123 
 229 
 
 46 
 109 
 
 01 
 141 
 336 
 110 
 
 II 
 
 76 
 
 79 
 
 57 
 315 
 
 24 
 166 
 659 
 642 
 
 80 
 148 
 180 
 296 
 119 
 243 
 
 43 
 200 
 
 96 
 161 
 381 
 119 
 
 3878 4060 3073 3901739 
 
 19 
 6 
 
 10 
 
 68 
 8 
 
 18 
 172 
 
 61 
 
 
 9 
 6 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 17 
 
 34 
 
 190 
 
 16 
 
 61 
 
 312 
 
 246 
 
 29 
 
 65 
 
 108 
 
 128 
 
 84 
 
 78 
 
 26 
 
 56 
 
 32 
 
 52 
 
 166 
 
 Ta»l« IV.— Showing the whole number of Criminals 
 convicted in the United States in the year 1850, and 
 the whole number in prison on the Istof June of that 
 year. 
 
 Statfa and Ter- 
 rttorica. 
 
 Alabama . 
 Arkansas . 
 California . 
 Columbia Dist 
 Connecticut 
 Delaware . 
 Florida . . 
 Georgia 
 Illinois . . 
 Indiana. . 
 Iowa . . 
 Kentucky . 
 Louisiana . 
 Maine . . 
 Maryland . 
 Massachusetts 
 Michigan . 
 Mississippi 
 Missouri . 
 
 122 
 25 
 
 ; 
 
 132 
 
 850 
 
 22 
 
 39 
 
 80 
 
 316 
 
 175 
 
 3 
 
 160 
 
 297 
 
 744 
 
 207 
 
 7250 
 
 659 
 
 61 
 
 908 
 
 70 
 17 
 62 
 46 
 
 310 
 14 
 11 
 43 
 
 252 
 
 59 
 
 5 
 
 52 
 
 423 
 
 100 
 
 397 
 1236 
 
 241 
 46 
 
 180 
 
 Statea and Ter 
 rllorica. 
 
 N. Hampshire 
 New Jersey 
 New York . 
 North Car'lina 
 Ohio .«. 
 Pennsylvania 
 Rhode Island 
 S. Carolina 
 Tennessee . 
 Texas . . 
 Vermont . 
 Virginia . 
 Wisconsin 
 ' Minesota 
 N. Mexico 
 Oregon 
 Utah . 
 
 120451 3564 Grand total, 26679 6737 
 
 Hi 
 
 38| 
 off 
 
 12041 
 
 90 
 
 603 
 
 10279 
 
 647 
 
 843 
 
 857 
 
 596 
 
 46 
 
 81 
 
 19 
 
 79 
 
 107 
 
 267 
 
 2 
 
 108 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 V. Tablh showing the number of persons in Jails 
 and Houses of Correction : 
 
 States. 
 
 Whites. 
 
 blacks. 
 
 'lota.. 
 
 Massachusetts . 
 
 Maryland. 
 
 Virginia .... 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 Missouri .... 
 
 Indiana .... 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 1118 
 89 
 95 
 23 
 256 
 45 
 31 
 
 97 
 
 32 
 
 24 
 
 2 
 
 14 
 2 
 3 
 
 1216 
 
 121 
 
 119 
 
 26 
 
 270 
 
 47 
 
 34 
 
 1657 
 
 1741 
 
 1831 
 
 NoTB I.— The law in the State of Maine has just 
 been so amended, as to add. vastly to its stringency 
 and effect. It now inflicts fine and imprisonment for 
 the first offence ; for the third, not less than three 
 nor more than six months in the common jail ; and 
 for the fourth and all subsequent offences, one thou- 
 sand dollars fine with costs, and one year in the State 
 Penitentiaiy. This law was carried iu the Honse of 
 Representatives by a mt^jority of 90 over 29 ; in the 
 Senate, the votie was unanimous. The Prohibitory 
 law in Massachu setts also has been made far more 
 stringent, and now inflicts the penalty of imprison- 
 ment for the first ofience. In New York State a pro- 
 hibitory stitute has passed by a large majority. In 
 all of tho/ie states the Governors respectively have 
 given immediate effect to the wiU of the people by 
 signing ihe statute withoutdelay. In Portland when 
 
 ths administratiua uf ihe Maine Law iiita for iiie iast 
 year or two been in the hands of iu opponents a 
 total change has just taken place, and the law is now 
 to be carried into effect by its firiends. The Hon. N 
 Dow, has again been chosen Mayor. These thinn 
 make it most manifest, that the public voice is be- 
 coming stronger and stronger, for prohibition, in all 
 the StatoR where it has once been adopted. 
 
 NoTi II.— Testimonies from all parts of Maine, and 
 from all the Statet when the Prohlbitiea baa been 
 

 traud, by Messrs Ure and Farewell. For the benefit 
 i «ou„T, T"°'r '"' "^^''^ '° prohibition on religjons 
 
 I SreiJ ;r ed •'rhr r^ '"'?''?' '^"»'°"» bodies^ are 
 nere inserted. The General Assembly of the Preshv 
 
 " Tha \"h:';=,*''" '" ••""»'l«Phia, re'Loived :- ''^ 
 «ealf„f«r«* r""*' ^"^'nbly continue to view with 
 reat interest the progress of the Temperance Refor 
 
 I Uns":\Xntrr'' 'T''^''' wit'h "So "ita t 
 nrestg ot mon for time and eternitv and »haf m«,. 
 
 SIloTtinT^K ^•'«'«'*'"«''. by which the traffic in in- 
 I hibiteJ."^ l'<l>'or8,^a8 a beverage, is entirely pro- 
 
 The Baptist Association :— 
 
 I knfwn'"^';;!"^!^''-* '"t°"' «P'°!^»the law commonly 
 tnown asthe Ma>ne Law, is sound in thporv /,«>; 
 
 l.„^« Vru .^l^^ownations are among the largest 
 bod.es of Christians in the United States, the BapHst 
 fooo§oW'^'°' 12.000 churches and more than 
 iooo'r2.,iK"°°""?""'"'«: •"••'the Presbyterian" 
 6,000 Churches, and 650,000 communicants The 
 Congregational General Association-a body which 
 represents upwards of 200,000 communicants „„d 
 
 ^g'^eSoS^l^''-^''-^^'^^^'^^--^ 
 
 "That this General Association express their cor- 
 
 S/nr,'',r^!'"°".-''^""' '"^^f"' suppressing U e sa e 
 of ntoxicating liquor as a beverage: and in their 
 
 ihSrfl**-' """''!?" "f "'« «°»P«1 ought to give 
 forcementr''" ""»"•'*"« ^^y* to sefure its^en! 
 
 LJ''"u"*''"""^* ^°^y ■■" the United States, whose 
 Church property is valued at $15,000,000 whose 
 
 and whose communicants are upwards of a Million 
 V^rC l7 '^":- ' '"^?'**^ the following motS:- 
 l».n„ .«!« f .•'';«'«"'" «f total prohibition of the com- 
 linon sale of intoxicating liquors, is of more conse 
 huence than the ruin or welfare 'of a ihousand par 
 
 iSS^lel'rM if /""'*!',''* •''^"^ understood by'^the 
 iJ^r?.!,^ , ""*' "** "^'''" "'• ^•^'''tual drinker of in- 
 
 OthSlWr' r">? *P''»'^« '" our church." 
 I Other Christian bodies hnve taken the same si«nA ■ 
 
 Uuotat ons have already been made from severa pre' 
 
 I in the eas em division of New York have lately pass- 
 Ud resolutions thanking his honour, the Mayor of tha 
 \^ty, Mmppr^mm, the Sunday Traffic The RiX 
 Rev. Bishop ^yilliams, of Connectiouf ays :_"lt 
 hleve the P-ohihitory Law in this Stati has been pro. 
 
 ^comMuWK •/,"'* •'«'"'' =-"Th«tgood has been 
 S ^?'^^^ •'• '.*"• ''"y '■""7 Peyuaded." 
 
 ln««Z 1 ;;: tt' .^'it**' "•*' "°t >«s« that 30,000 
 
 Kin theJJnied States, and 35,000, in Great 
 IBritaln, annually die, indirectly or directlv are Ina 
 
 to the world, throngh intemperance. In looking over 
 J the Erport of the City Register for Boston on Births 
 iMarriages and Deaths, there appears to have been al-' 
 [most less mortality from intemperance than could 
 [have been expected, and yet settling aside accidents 
 I?:?:/":."?!!.""'""!* -J^-^ths, and otLr casuaSrS 
 
 l«Z,X?r \ ^.u -^r *'*'"■'• ^" '•>« same time 
 l£!7h« h. "w"*''^ ^''^^^ °f Massachusetts, 3i6 
 
 |K:ing dtn'S?/!"'^-^"^ ^••^-'-« -«-<» the 
 
 "That men In health are never benefitted bv the 
 
 ••of Tdent «piri^ b«t oa the contrary, SI ie of 
 
 nation^' 
 
 out" wherever the same "ause fs at worMn kZ" 
 Total number of arrests, - . ,„,. 
 
 imported. There are \\X^^ ^. ^ °". ^'*1'"'" 
 districts in n . X. ^'K"ty-fi»e count es and 
 
 thte ^im^.:^^zi::iz:^ ^r p-<"p 
 
 each one will probably be CutVl^O, o^^a^^e^f 
 Sice let thp!''^?"''' •' *'*''• *•>« ^dministralion of 
 
 Costof keeping 85 jails, at£l,250 eSr 
 year, ... "^ 
 
 Administration »f justice in Canada" East" 
 AdminiWaUon of justice" in Canada'wes^ 
 
 £106,350 
 63,933 
 36,141 
 
 Total, 
 
 That prodigious sum is 'annually p.id, in tJm'out 
 of the Government chest, and in part bv th« f., *? ' 
 in each county for the punilme'nt of VrSe whlcS 
 IS caused in a large proportion by the Traffic'in W 
 ITin 3i'«^'-«"g consists in allowing the T?a£r 
 find in consequence, every nerson in ««- ^ramc, 
 
 another is made tosufTer- in his mp«„^T• ^^^ °' 
 or friends or in the Zr2 iTsS;.' " '" """» 
 
 e.e!^^ "iilil pTeLn^^ l^^^l^T -^ 
 
 For Gary, - - - . ' 
 
 ForReid, - - - J " 
 For Paris, - . . " " 
 
 For Morrill, the Maine Law Ca"ndida"t« . „„«^ 
 Mr. Morrill, it will thus be seen had »Im„.!\ ,, 
 the entire votes of the State E^en the cK ^f 
 dTt" Tir.f •• '\°'-"",}''an for any 'oth "cauX' 
 gate. A«g Me J/bwe Law Ulutirated, page 43. 
 
 3,478 
 14,000 
 28,463 
 44,665 
 
 Vote of Thanks to the Rev. Hannibal Jfulkins. 
 
 ^°7i ^^ Representative Captain G. V. Hamiltnn 
 conded byT. Aishton. M. n »»^ »• uamilton, 
 
 seconded by T. Aishton, M. D., and 
 
 A^wiwrf,-... That the thanks of the Grand Division 
 be given to the Rev. Hannibal MulkinrP W P for 
 
 his kindnooa in ».;.:ii-_ .1-- »^ 1^' "-r., lor 
 
 purpose"of7rocuri„g ;:fiable inTrSo^t »?' ""> 
 to the working of ProhibitorrE q7o IVwTa^X 
 evils occurring by the Liquor Traffic, and that tw! 
 
 EDWARD STAOY, 0. Senbt. 
 
 1 'i 
 
 (i