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oncea Week. Jan. 12.18071 A CATTLE-DRIVE IN BRITISH COLU.AiniA.

U!)

•window-blinds as ■were ever executed. Tho
real business consisted in forging bills and
cheques, coining, and counterfeiting bill and
receipt stamps. One member of this associa-
tion, a " discount agent," bill discounter, and
"bill stealer," was said to live at tho rate of
4,000/. a year. This gang, some eight or ten
in number, carried on their frauds so skilfully
that although the police suspected what was
going on (some of the gang were old forgers),
and watched the premises for more than a
year, they were unable to find out who exe-
cuted the forgeries, or to get sufficient evidence
to justify the apprehension of the men ; till at
last the bearer of a forged cheque was secured,
and tho whole gang was captured.

As an additional precaution, -'Batomanand
Co.," when they had committed a successful
forgery, used to change the notes for foreign
inoney, which at another foreign banker's they
would then change back again into English
money. On one occasion a bullion dealer paid
them by cheque, and this cheque was by them
made the basis of further operations : the
signature was carefully copied and laid by till
a cheque on the required bank could be laid
hold of. By some means or other a blank
cLdque came into their hands, and tho signa-
tiu'e was then used.

This gang, luckily for the bankers, did not
have a long existence ; it is that of which we
said above that it was estimated to have de-
frauded the London banks to the extent of
10,000?., or more. It came to grief in 1859,
when "Wagner and Bateman, the principals,
wore condemned to penal servitude for life,
the " Co." escaping with ten and twenty
years.

The effect produced by the breaking-up of
these two gangs has been so great, that since
that time bankers — who are always being vic-
timised more or less — have not suffered from
the frauds of any extensive association — an
immunity all the more grateful as succeeding
the heavy losses of previous years. The har-
vest, however, is large, and it may well be
feared that tho absence of reapers is only
temporary. Alfred Marks.

A CATTLE-DEIVE IN BRITISH
COLUMBIA.

A SHORT time after I arrived in British
Columbia I went to tho " Dalles," having as

company a Yankee whom C had known

a little at Lytton, and, being a butcher, we
gave him credit for knowing something about
cattle driving ; but, as it turned out, he was
not more up in it than I was.

We wero at the *' Dalles " nearly three
weeks looking out daily for cattle to suit us.
It is a wonderful place. Every night tho

steamer came in from Tortland with some 200
or ;J00 miners, this being the route to must
of the mines, and a bigger set of blackguards
I never came across. At the hotel whore i
was, which is chielly patronised by minors,
there were some 200 daily. Once or twice,
when a Californian steamer came in, I saw iit
least 500. We all went in to supper together,
that is to say, as some finished others made a
rush to fill their places ; and certainly I nevor
saw beef-steaks and mutton-chops disappear
quicker. Some of them were splendid-lookiug
men, with long beards and mustaches. They
mostly dress the same, in coloured flannel
shu'ts, coats and waistcoats being few and far
between, and have a six-shooter and bowie-
knife stuck in their belt, of which they make
pretty good use. Tho " Dalles" itself is an
assemblage of wooden houses erected close to
the Columbia river, and tho raihoad cars,
with enormous puffing engines, are con-
tinually running backwards and forwards
through the main street.

The citizens are all either hotel, store,
gambling-house, or barkeepers, and conse-
quently, in their endeavours to secure the
miner's patronage, are continually ruimhig
foul of one another. I had not been here two
days before I had a sample of how they settle
matters here. I heard two shots, and run-
ning out of the hotel, found that a neighbour
had disagreed with our landlord on account of
his having nailed a board or two outside tho
hotel to improve the light, and seeing hini
and his wife in the first story window, thought
the best way of remonstrating would be by
letting off a brace of bullets at him and his
better half. Fortunately for them, he was a
bad shot. The next shot — he had another
pistol — would probably have been more suc-
cessful, but fortunately he was stopped. I
afterwards heard that ho had been summoned,
but the affair was amicably settled before tho
case came on.

A day or two afterwards one of the waiters
at this same hotel, who had quarrelled the
night before with a friend of his, was sweeping
in front of the hotel, when his friend came
behind him and deliberately shot him in the
shoulder. For this offence a short term in the
Penitentiary was tho punishment.

The followingweek, a mar rather inebriated,
was making a disturbance in the post-office,
insisting there must be a letter for him, when
the marshal of police walked in and requested
him to walk out and be quiet; whereupon
our friend pulled out his six-shooter, and
telling the officer, with any amount of oaths,
that he was not going to bo talked to by any
of his kind, coolly took a shot at him; but
somebody behind knocked his arm up, and

\ K

1'iit'»',JS&'r/,» '""."«''?

|-*.i# . . _■!■

ONCE A WEEK.

[Once a Week, Jim. 12,1867.

tlio ball went through the coiling. When ho
pulled his pistol out everybody " skedaddled"
by tho door as fast as their legs would carry
tlicui ; for my part, I " mailv irachs " behind
tliO counter. Well, T went to this man's trial
tho next morning, and they let him off with
tlic absurd fincof twenty-five dollars (j/.). Tho
best thing of tho sort I saw at tho " Dalles "
was, when I was talking to a French stable-
keeper about a horse ono day, a friend of his
came in, and began harping on somo old
quarrel, and eventually drawing his shooter ;
but tho Frenchman was too quick fur him, and
knocked him clean off his legs ; and several
other like cases happened during tho short
time I was there.

Great excitement was caused by the news
of Lincoln's death; and one unfortunate rascal
having been heard to say that he was glad to
hear it, was immediately strung up. The
people take the law entirely in their own
haiids about there, and form themselves into
"Vigilance Committees," for the better ob-
servance of their laws. When I was there a
gang of horse and cattle thieves was disco^'crcd
— about eighty altogether ; somo of them
turned out to bo men who were looked upon
in tho neighbourhood as respectable farmers,
but who, it now ajipeared, had been for somo
years past laying their hands on everybody's
property but their own. A " N'igilanco Com-
mittee " wasformcil, and the next day fourteen
of tho gang wcro hung, the others managing
to get off.

I bought two horses at the " Dalles ; " and

about tho third week in xipril W and I

started off for Umatilla, a place 140 miles
further up tho Columbia. "Wo wore three
days riding it, keeping the same horses, with
our blankets, &c., packed upon them. It was

by no means a pleasant ride, and W soon

began to show what ho was. I bought somo
cattle at Umatilla — about 2.j() — and set to
work, looking out for some horses ; and, in
about a week, I secured seven, making in all
nine. The next thing, and tho hardest of all,
was to get men, and when you succeeded in
doing so, you could not be by any means suro
that they would not cut your throat on the
road and appropriate the cattlo. I got two
Yankees (ono a Missouri man, the other a
Webfoot or Oregonian,) and a Spaniard ; and
I hope I may never have tho company of such
scoundrels on a like trip again.

W was di-unk nearly every day whilo

wo were at Umatilla, and I would much
sooner have been without him. Well, we got
off at last, with everything fixed, ;]()() lbs. of
ilour, somo bacon, salt, tea, soap, and a few
other things, and on tho 11th of May left
Umatilla with a nice little trip before

us of closo upon (\<jO miles. Camping out
at first camo pretty rough, but after two
nights I got used to it. And all went
right till we reached Walla- Walla river ; but

here, through W 's fully, somo threo cows

and twelve or fifteen calves were drowned.
It was by tho greatest luck in tho world that
wo did not lose half tho herd ; as, rushing
them all in suddonlj', they got mired, and
wcro conscquentlj' heaped up ono on the top
of tho other. Wo of course immediately
jumped o(f our horses, and set to work to do
f)ur best to get out thoso that wcro stuck.
Jumping into the mud, we laid hold of tho
first part of the first animal wo camo to, ono
by a leg, another by the tail, and so on, and
in about half an hour had them all out with
the exception of nine or ten, which had been
hopelessly trodden on by tho others. For
al^out two hours afterwards tho bank of the
river was covered with some forty nnimals, all
more dead than alivo, but eventually they all
got to their legs except somefivo or six, which
were either drowned or smothered. I never
worked so hard in my life, and was literally
covered from head to foot with black mud,
and as I had unfortunately no other clothes,
I had to get it olf as I best could. Tho only
thing that at all compensated for the ill-luck
was a first rate beef-steak supper cut off ono
of the drowned animals, and I do not think
I ever eat a better supper, as it had been
nothing but beans and bacon morning and
evening for some days.

Tho next morning wo got the cattlo across
at a different 2)lace, and made a big drive up
to Snako river, about twenty miles. Tho
Indians were crossing a band of cattle there,
and so wo had to wait a week, and a more
unpleasant week I never spent. Somo fifteen
cows had lost their calves at tho Walla- Walla
river, and for about four days they did
nothing but try to get back. So all day long
they had to be watched, and at night wo had
to " carraU'^ them, by walking round them;
otherwise, they would to a certainty have
gone back, and as there were several men
who knew of tho loss of tho calves, and were
on the watch day and night expecting the
cows to get back, it behoved us to bo careful.
I now found out that there was no rest for mo
by daj' or night, as the men were ready to
take advantage of my back being turned to
got off their horses and lie down and sleep, so
I had to keep going round and round in bit-
terly cold nights, and with the wolves howl-
ing dismally all round. And if the cows had
not forgotten their calves by tho fifth day,
and allowed us to get a sleep, I do not think
I could have stood it any longer, and I never
was so thankful for a night's rest in my life.

bur

prer

12, 1867.

ng out
er two
.1 went
ar; but
eo cows
rowned.
rid that
rushing
cd, and
tlio top
ediately
rk to do
3 stuck.
. of tho
) to, ono I
on, and .1
Dut with ,j
lad been '
s. For 'i
k of tho
mals, all
they all
X, which
T never
literally
ck mud, I
' clothes, i
rhe only i
3 ill-luck j
.t off ono I
lot think i
lad been
ling and

Lie across
drive up
es. Tho
tie there,
d a moro
ne fifteen
lla-Walla
they did
day long
it we had
id them ;
nty have
eral men
and were
cting tho
careful.
3st for mo
ready to
turned to
sleep, so
nd in bit-
ves howl-
cows had
fifth day,
not think
id I never
u my life-

0iKcaWtek.jaT,.i2,i8(i7.] A CATTLE-DRTVE IN BRITISH COLUMBIA.

My next trouble was losing eight big head by
poison, done, I am curtain, by tho Indians,
who skinned the carcases and jerked tho moat
for winter use. Crossing Snuko river was a
long job. We had to ttiko lots of about
twenty at a time and rush them into tho river,
where thoro wore two or three caiioos of
Indians, who accompanied thoni across, trying
to prevo"; their returning to tho bank wo
started them from bj' pelting thom with
stones. This took a long time, as Snake
river is half a mile wide, and wo had to lasso
tho calves, then bind their logs, and send
them across in tho canoes twelve at a time,
four in each canoe. It took the Indians
about two hours and a half to go across and
como back, the current being so strong, that
it took them down a couple of miles before
they could land on the other side, and whoxi
they did come back they all sat down and
smoked for about an hour. We spent a fort-
night in getting across, and then followed tho
Columbia for some fifty miles, until we came
to the White liluffs. Ono old cow died on
the road, but what was far worse the cows
were still calving, and as the calves would not
travel for a week, I had to shoot them all, so
that before wo had got to tho end of our trip,
I had killed some foi'ty, and the cows would
always try to go back to where they last saw
their calves. Wc used to Lissc and stake out
those that were not too wild, but those that wore
(and they were by far the largest number) wc
had to watch all night, and I had the pleasure
of sitting np half tho night, watching them on
horseback, as it was dangerous to go among
them on foot.

At tho White Bluffs, fortunately and yet
unfortunately, thoro was a store ; that is to
say, a log-hut, belonging to a man who kejjt
such things as flour, sugar, boans, &.c. I
aay foi'tunately, because we wore nearly out
of everything ; and yet, imfortunately, be-
cause here my troubles with W really

began, owing to his being able to buy some
stuff they dignified by the name of whiskey,
but which was almost pure alcohol.

Leaving tho White Bluffs, we reached the
plains, and had 140 miles to travel across
them before we again struck tho Columbia
river. It was by no means pleasant travel-
ling ; nothing but sand, covered with scanty
bunch grass and sago brush ; it was, more-
over, exceedingly hot, and the cattle kicked
up the sand in clouds, going at the ra e of
u mile and a half to two miles an Lour.
There were streams or lakes at intervals of
ten or fifteen miles, which wo had to make for
each day : as wo had been informed of this
at tho A\Tiite Bluffs, we had no difficulty, as
we used to follow tho trail until we came

to water. I think tlio farthest distance from
water to water was about twenty miles, whicli
was a long day's drive for the' cattle. Tlioy
could smoll tho water throo or four miles oil':
tho loading cows, who had no calves, used to
start off, and the band was strung out for tlu'co
or four miles with tho calves behind.

Tho first evening after leaving tho "White

Bluff's W was the worse for liquor. I had

had a row with him in tho afternoon about
tho way he was riding, and in tho evening,
after sujipcr, ho told me before tho men that
ho had had enough of the trip, and was going
to leave tho next morning, taking ono of my
horses, lie then asked me for some money,
which I of course refused to give him. as ho
was breaking his part of the compact. Minn
was, that he was to receive 500 dollars (100/.),
and all expenses paid ; he had already had
some 200 dollars. My refusal put him in a
tremendous rage, and drawing his pistol, ho
swore that he would have every cent in my
pocket ; so I drew my pistol and told him ho
had better not try it. lie went on black-
guarding me in tho most disgusting language,
as a Yankee only knows how to do, and swore
that I should fight him with six-.shootcrs.
This I politely declined. The other tlireo
men all this time wore quietlj' looking on,
Wilson tolling them that I would never pay
them, and that they had better follow his
example, each take a horse and all start the
next morning. Two of them came up to mo
and told me they wanted their wages, and would
leave in the morning. They know I had no
money left, and when I told them so, they said

they should each take a horse instead. W

at last, after having put some flour and bacon
together for the morning's start, wont to bed,
which I was not sorry for, and I soon followed
his example, after having taken his whiskey-
bottles and emptied them o.i the ground. The
next morning, directly after breakfast, I told
him ho should keep his word and be off, and
that he might take a horse, which I could get
back easily enough on getting homo. Then,
drawing my pistol, I went up to the other
two, and told them I would shoot the first of
them who followed his example, and would
not come and get the cattle together. I had
quite made up my mind to do it, for I should
have been in a nice fix if they had all gone
off and left me with these 200 or 300 head of
cattle, without the slightest chance of getting
anybody else; and we were then in Idaho, a
blackguard state, with the worst class of
Indians, and not a soul between the White
Bluffs (whore there was one man) and the
place where wo again struck the Columbia, a
distance of 1-fO miles. Ilowever, to make a
long story short, W left and tho others

ONCE A WEEK.

rOnce a Week, Jim. 12, I8fl7.

stopped; W-

-, for a week afterwards used
to camp with us, abusing mo all tho time.
The truth was, there wore some Indians about,
and he was afraid to sleep out alone ; but
when we got within four days of tho Colum-
bia, he left us.

This part of tho trip was not only disagree-
able but worrying, and often I got so disgusted
that I hardly know what to do. Thanks to

W 's advice I had brought no tent, and

two or three times wo came in for forty-eight
hours of most severe rain ; a pleasant thing
driving all day in a soaking rain, and wheu
we did come into camp, unablo to got up a
fire to warm oui'selves by, as there was nothing
but sage brush and no trees. Tho only thing
we could cook tnere was beans, which wo
boiled and then eat with raw bacon ; bread
we could not bake, as it was far too wet.

To make matters pleasantor the Missouri
man and the Webfoot were continually fight-
ing ; and one day when the latter knocked tho
former down, the Missouai man would cer-
tainly have shot him if I had not held his arm
down. He and the Spaniard had a row after
that, as wo were driving one day. The
Spaniard drew his knife, and the other his
pistol ; however, I managed to pacify him
after a bit; but the Missouri man took his
oath to me afterwards that he would have
shot the Spaniard, only he had but one barrel
loaded and dared not risk There were

some Indians following us here, I think, as
one day when I went back after a cow, I came
upon ten awfully ugly brutes, all covered with
paint ; and they always mean mischief when
they are without their squaws. When it was
getting dark, the dog, which belonged to one
of the men, was always growling, and so I
used to sleep with tho horses, which were
turned loose after thoii' work. This was not
very comfortable, as they used to wander
about all night, and sometimes were three or
four miles from camp in the morning. I had
to take a blanket and throw it over my shoul-
ders and doze on my knees, following the
horses about till it was daylight. We wore
always up at the first appearance of daylight,
had generally done breakfast by three, and
then started off driving, which lasted till about
eight or nine, when tho day's work was some-
times done, but I generally drove again from
three in the afternoon until six.

After about a fortnight of this work we got

to the Columbia river, where W was

waiting to settle with me, as he said. Hero,
however, he saw what a fool he had been, and
we settled that he should come back to me
again, an agreement I was almost obliged to
come to, as I had to leave tho cattle and go on
to the "Line," where a Mr. B lived, a

British Columbia magistrate, who I know
would lot mo have some money, which I wanted
to cross tho cattle and get more provisions
with. W^e lost the horses here for two days,
but found them on tho third, when I started,
leaving W to cross the cattle in my ab-
sence. It was eighty-fivo miles to the " Line,"
and after swimming the Columbia, which is
half a mile wide there, and very rapid (I was
in a canoe, and the horse swam), I left about
seven, and after a tremendous long ride of
soventy-five miles I reached a lake, which I
had to swim. After ten miles farther in a
pelting hail-storm, I did the eighty-fivo miles
in thirteen hours, which was pretty good for
the mare, as she had had nothing but grass
and lots of hard work. I was very tired,
hungry, and wet, but after some hot brandy
and water, was all right.

Never was I so glad to see a gentleman
again ; and as there wore two other men there,
one of whom was a young Irishman, who came
out with me, wo had a most jolly evening. I
had been so utterly miserable in the company
of my blackguard di'overs, that I was perfectly
happy and able to appreciate all their little
kindnesses in lending me blankets and things
to make mo comfortable. Afi3r two days I
left them, with 200 dollars I had borrowed
and a fresh horse I had bought, as mine was
about played out. I left in tho afternoon,
and rode twenty- five miles in soaking rain ;
then staked my horse out, and made my bed
(which was one small saddle blanket) close to

her. B had told me to look out for tho

Indians, as they were a bad lot all along the
river, which was my road. However, I got
on all right, and started before three the next
morning, eating my bread and cold bacon
going along. I afterwai'ds heard that upon
the same night two men prospecting for gold
ten miles from where I was, at a place called
Eock Creek, were attacked by the Indians,
and one of them was murdered.

When I got back to th Columbia river, I
was delighted to find all the cattle crossed
over, and I had nothing to do but to pay the
Indians who had helped with their canoes,
and then we started off for the "Line " again,
which we reached after about a week's drive.
Our next drive was to the head of tho Okan-
agon Lake (90 miles). The scenery was beau-
tiful, but the trail very bad, and the cattle
began to get foot-sore, so we gave them a
week's rest. After starting them off again, I
soon left them to come up here first. I took
three days to do the 110 miles, the road lying
along the Thompson river; stopping at the
grand prairie the second night, and at Kam-
loops the third, and never was I so glad to
strike a place I could call home. K.

pWi