Section IV., 1884. [ 159 ] Trans. Koy. Soc. Canada.
VII, — On Soint Deposits of Tltan'iferoua Iron Ore in the Counties of Halihurton and
HasHngfi. Ontario. — By E. J. Chapman, Ph.D., LL. D.
(Read May 23, 1884.)
Numerous deposits of iron ore, chiefly the magnetic oxide, occur throughout the Coun-
ties of Victoria, Halibvirton, Peterborough and Hastings, in Ontario. These deposits are,
for the greater part, if not uholly, in the form of irregular massess, or " stocks," mostly of
largo dimensions, associated with dark-gieen pyroxenic or hornhlendic rock-matter, in
gneissoid strata of Laurentian age. The iron ore, therefore, of this district occurs under
conditions closely similar to those of the great iron region of Arendal, in Norway, both
as regards its chemical nature and conditions of occurrence, and its association with horu-
bleudic or pyroxenic ma+ter, — the latter appearing in many cases partly to surround or en-
close the iron ore, as in the so-called '" Skolars " or " Stockscheiders " {i. c, sheathed stocks)
of Swedish and German miners. In Haliburton and adjacent counties, these stocks appear
to lie, as a rule, in belts or /ones of country extending in a general westerly ind easterly
direct'on.' A belt of this kind, forming a comparatively high and broken range of consid-
erable breadth, lies on each sid»» of the stream knowii as Bu'iit Kiver, in the townships of
Snowdon, Griamorgan, Monmouth and Cardili", and extends into Hastings County in the
townships of Faraday and Dungannon.
In the range immediately south of Burnt River, the ore is chiefly of coarse-granular
texture, while in the more northern range the ore presents a remarkably crystalline and
cleavable structure. So striking are these structural peculiarities that one might almost
infer the existenct! of some deeply-seated connection between the separate deposits of each
respective range, were it not for the presence of a large amount of titanium in one of the
deposits, while in other places the ore is absolutely free from the slightest trace of that
metal. In this immediate district the titaniferous ore occurs in the more southern of these
two ranges; but, as far as my observations go, at one spot only, known as the "Pine Lake
location." This is on lot 3o of the fourth concession of Glamorgan, about half a mile
south of Burnt Kiver, and a couple of miles, or rather less, south of the Monk road. The
mineral at this spot forms an enormous deposit of black magnetic ore, of granular texture,
rising abruptly in an immense ledge, or succession of ledges, to a height of from eighty to
one hundred feet above the general level of the ground. It is exposed in an easterly and
westerly direction, over a length of at least 1,800 feet, with an average width of about 140
feet. Actual measurements vary from seventy feet in some places to 198 in others. Variations
of this kind are found to occur more or less in all stock-formed deposits, owing to the ir-
' Those known to the writer, from personal inspection, occur chiefly as follows : — In Snowdon : lot 33, conces-
sion 3 ; lots 26, 27, con. 4. In Glamorgan : lot 34, con. 2 ; lot 35, con. 4 ; lots 30, 31 , con. 13 ; lot 27, con. 15. In Mon-
mouth ; lots 6, 7, con. 1 ; lot C, con. 4 ; lot 5, con. 5 ; lots 7, 8, con. ; lot 30, con. 13. In Ilorschol ; lot 32, eon. 1.
In Faraday, near Bancroft village. In Dungannon : Lot 29, con. 13.
160 K. J. CHAPMAN^ ON DEPOSIT^S OF TITANIFEROUS IRON ORK.
regular form of the ore-mass. The average specifio gravity of the ore equals 4.48'7. The
amount of ore practically above ground cannot be less, therefore, than from 200,000 to
300,000 Canadian tons. An analysis made from samples of ore taken from different parts
of the deposit gave me the following results : —
Ore dwed at 212° F. Sp. nH.=4.4;57.
Fo^ O^ 7 1 . S 7=Fe 52.04 %
Ti 0-— 13.30=Ti- O' 12.01=Ti S.ll,,;
S 0.00
P Trace
Ca CO' 0.8»i
I'jToxenic rock-matter 1.5.28
lOO.OS
The ore-deposits of oiht>r portions of this iron range south of Burnt Kiver, and all the
deposits in the range immediately north of the river, are quite free from titanium ; but some
small deposits of magnetic ore, in which a certain amount of titanium i;^ present, occur
to the north of tliis northern range, in the township of Minden.
Turning now to the south-east of this section of country, we find in the township of
Tudor, in North Hastings (lots ;j')-57 of the Free Grant district) a large deposit of titani-
ferous magnetite, very similar in character to the Pine Lake ore. This deposit, known as
the Louise Mine, is also in the form of an immense stock, or irregular mass, the prin-
cipal axis of which extends in a direction a little north of east. li forms a steep slope or
ridge, rising above the general surface of the ground to an average level of nearly one
hundred feet. Trenches opened across the face of the slope, at different levels, show the
ore-mass to extend in width from sixty feet in some places to over HJO feet in others, but
outlying exposures indicate a still greater extension ; while the length of the deposit in
an easterly and westerly direction exceeds 1,400 feet. The ore itself is of a granular tex-
ture, black, and strongly magnetic, with specific gravity A'arying from 4.45 to 4.48.
An analysis, from a sieved amount of ore weighing several pounds, gave results as
follows : —
Ork driki) at 212' F. Si'. tii!.=4.48.
Fe» O' 83.36=Fe 00.36;^
Ti O*— 8.08=Ti- (>' 7.30=«Ti 5.03%
P Trace
S 0.08
Pyroxenic rock-matter 9.31
100.05
This titaniferous deposit, like Ihat in Glamorgan, lies in the more or less immediate
vicinity of iron ore deposits, in which no trace of titanium can be detected. Some of
the more important of these comprise the so-called Emily Mine, on lots 6-8 of the nine-
teenth concession of Tudor; the Baker Mine, on lot 18, concession 18, of the same town-
ship ; and the Batchelor Mine, on lots 15, 16, of the eighth concession of Wollaston.
Analyses of these and other iron ores from this district of Ontario will be found in a paper,
by the writer, communicated to the chemical section of our Society.