IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) ^^ ^ // // A f/. 1.0 I.I 11.25 1^128 12.5 U£ 1^ III 2.2 •« fio 12.0 1.8 1.4 11.6 /a ^. ^.^"^^ %>'^>' o / J% ■Jf CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductlons Institut Canadian de microreproductlons historiques 1980 Technical Notes / Notes techniques The Institute has attempted to obtain the best original copy available for filming. Physical features of this copy which may alter any of the images in the reproduction are checked below. D D D Coloured covers/ Couvertures de couleur Coloured maps/ Cartes g6ographiques en couleur Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/ Pages ddcolor^es, tachet^es ou piqudes Tight binding (may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin)/ Reliure serr6 (peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion le long de la marge intdrieure) L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaire qu'il lui a 6t6 possible de se procurer. 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The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les cartes ou les planches trop grandes pour Atre reproduites en un seul clichA sont filmAes A partir de Tangle supArieure gauche, de gauche i droite et da haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Le diagramme suivant illustre la mAthode : 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 r YOUNG CANADA'S I^H^PIv'^r ^O a ANNEXATION " Presented with the Compliments of BLAIKLOCK BROS. CXTSTOmS SROKERS And General Korwarding Agents, 17 COMMON STREET, MONTREAL. 1 PATRIOTIC SPEECH DR. W. GEORGE BEERS. At the banquet of the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th Districts Dental Societies of the State of Now York, held in Syracuse on the 25th October, 1888, when 250 members from all parts of the state at- tended, including many ladies, several judges and clergymen. Drs. Willmott, Cassar, Roberts and Snelgrove, of Toronto, and Dr. Beers, of Montreal, were present. In reply to the strangely worded t^ast, " Professional Annexation," Dr. Beers spoke as fol- lows : — Mr. Chairman^ Ladies and Gentlemen^ — I must confess to a good deal of embarrassment in replying to a toast which is intended to be both professional and political, but I have been specially asked to do so by the Chairman, and if I should offend anyone, as I must say exactly what I think, I can only offer to settle on the spot by inviting you, as the boys say, " Come out in the alley !" I have neither the presumption nor the vanity to imagine that I am able to do justice to the personal and professional courtesies which Doctor Jonathan has always bestowed upon his Canadian friends, as well as to the magnificent ignorance — sometimes ill-nature — which Senator Jonathan has recently lavished upon his Canadian foes. But I can assure you that not even the professional liars who supply the New York Herald with Canadian news, or the wily politicians who eat forked lightning for breakfast and dynamite for dinner ; not even the insane malice of men who hate Canada, as they may hate Cyprus, because it belongs to Britain ; not even this can lessen the admiration Canadians have for the many noble and generous traits of character which belong to their American cousins. I am sure I speak, too, for my brethren from loyal Toronto, when I say that we have too often been under deep professional obli- gations to the kind nature of the cousin we still, from custom, call "brother," not to know, that, however we differ politically, you RESPECT OUR NATIONAL CONV10TION8 as you wish your own respected ; and that as you choose to hit at us hard, you have enough of English fair play to take a drubbing back, and to allow the posnibility of Canadians loving and defend- ing the fame and good name of the Dominion, quite as much as you love and defend that of your Eepublic. No one more than loyal Americans would despise the poltroon who carries his patriotism in his pocket ; the disloyalty of the political parasite who would make patriotism a house of cards, and dollars the chief end of a people ; intriguers who hiss out secession or annexation when they fail to got their political crimes or crotchets en- shrined ; men whose hunger for notoriety and power is a fever of their existence. I am sure that you could have nothing but c<5n- tempt for any free people who measure their allegiance purely by commercial standards, and who, fearing to face the difficulties which meet every nation, tuin peddlers instead of protectors of their national birthright. Just as you had and have your croak- ers and cowards, we have ours, but, Mr. Chairman, Canada, is not for sale ! There have been prophets like Goldwin Smith since the days of Elizabeth who have predicted England's decline within their time, but all the colonial greatness of England has been developed since the time of Elizabeth. We have, as you have, bitter partisans in the press and in politics, who delight to foul their own nest, who revel in the rain that destroys the crops, and who sincerely believe they can change the climate if they could change the Government. We have a few of those wiseacres of society who assume to possess a monopoly of foresight, and who, like Caius Caligula, think the world would have been better made could they have been consulted. But these people no more represent the convictions of Canadians than O'Donovan Rossa or your fire-eating politicians and papers represent those of true Americans. I have no desire to hui't anybody's feelings here, but fusing. I 'to, when fonal obli- custom, lolitioally, to hit at rubbing 1 1 defend- niuch as oie than ■ries his pai-asite be chief lexation lets en- fever of )ut con- pureij 5cultie.s -tors of croak- > is not 1 since iecJine id has 18 yon ?ht to Ji'ops, they aci-es and etter nore ia or true bat 3 T hope I may be allowed to say something to remove the infatua- tion too prevalent in the States that CANADA FAVORS ANNEXATION. Were we to judge you as you judge us — by the vaporing of the croakers, what value could we put upon your union, and would we not feel like agreeing with Rossiter Johnson, who in his " Short History of the War of Secession," just published in Bos- ton, thinks he sees in certain national circumstances the threat- ening elements of a second civil war ? For years before the last civil war you had fire-eaters whose arrogance and vanity knew no bounds ; who were advised by the Canadian press to study the elements of discord in the South instead of hankering for new ones in the North. It was just the same when years before that, Georgia and Carolina appealed to arms and defied the general Government. Sui-ely two threatened disruptions and one terrible war in the history of a century should be enough. But last fourth of July I was near enough the "Re-union of the North and South " on the battlefield of Gettysburg, to seethe ex- Confederates wearing the starred and baired badge, with the in- scription upon it. That was the flag of treason and rebellion in 1861, and it is the flag of treason and rebellion in 1888. I read the protests of General Wagner, General Gobin and the Quarter- master-General of the Grand Army of the Republic against the gush of glorification of rebels because they had been rebels. I heard one officer boast that Southern privateers had destroyed $400,000,000 of your property, and had driven a quarter of a million tons of your shipping to make transfer to the British flag. I heard another gloat over the fact that they had nearly captur- ed Philadelphia. I heard scores declare that they had not been beaten but starved. Reflecting upon all this, and hearing at this veiy hour the discordant echoes from that quarter, it strikes me that if Senators like Mr. Blaine are sincere in their effusive pro- fessions of patriotism, they could find a good deal to monopolize their genius down there in Dixie without meddling in the politics or the future of Canada. Canada minds its own business, and does not worry itself over yours, though you have coddled and dry-nursed her enemies, and when she was at peace with you, allowed a horde of your citizens to invade her. Frankly, I may say that while I believe Canada HAS BBSN A FAIR NEIGHBOR, too often she has not found her cousin one. If for once in the Treaty of Washington, remembering Maine, Oregon and San Juan, she did not let your diplomatists get the better of her, she felt that she had given you at least a reasonable quid pro quo. During the civil war we allowed your armed troops to cross from Detroit to Niagara on Canadian territory on the Great Western railway ; but during the Red River rebellion of 1869, your Gov- ernment refused leave to one of our vessels to go up the Sault Ste. Marie canal, and arms and ammunition were transhipped at con- siderable delay. When the St. Albans raiders, unknown to us, entered your territory from Canada, your Government was asked lor its bill of damages and it was paid. When the Alabama claims bill was presented, it was paid so well that, years after every possible claim was settled, your Government retains a large balance which should have been refunded to Britain ! What about the damages done to Canada in Canada by your citizens dui'ing the Fenian raids, most of them weai-ing the uniform of branches of your national troops? Not a cent has been paid. Vou expected Canada to know that a few quiet and straggling Southerners intended to raid St. Albans ; you thought that Eng- land should have known that a solitary cruizer intended leaving one of her ports to prey upon your commerce. But what a splendid display of reciprocal consistency, that thousands of armed men should openly muster and drill in your chief cities for months ; openly occupy your border towns and villages, and attempt to invade us, and your Government comparatively obli- vious ! In the face of these facts, it is not easy to swallow the statements, or believe in the honesty of public men who talk of the exactions and encroachments of a people of 6,000,000 upon a people of 60,000,000. CANADA CANNOT BE COERCED or forced into union with such example of political hypocrisy. There was a time, twenty years ago, when we wore disconnected provinces ; when Canada proper contained only 3*70,488 square rankly, I e in tho md San her, she pro quo. 088 from W'estern iir Gov- aultSte. at con- i to us, IS asked ■labama ■8 after tains a ' What iitizens ^rm of paid. ggHng Eng- Javing hat a ids of cities and obli- N the ilk of pon a insy. JCted uare miles; when wo had few railways, when stapfnation seemed to mark us ; when we had no winter outlet of our own to the sea ; when our great North- West wad a great unknown. Even then annexation was unpopular. There had not been enough accom- plished then by Canadian statesmen to make their rivals envious, and your own statesmen did not dream that we could build a rail- way to connect the Maritime and the older provinces, or that with a population of only 6,000 000, we would dare to span the conti- nent with another, a work not accomplished by the States until they had 50,000,000. But can you be deceived into the belief that confederated Canada is now ** for sale," when since Confed- eration twenty years ago, our revenue or consolidated fund has immensely increased ; when our shipping and its tonnage has more than doubled — young Canada standing fifth on the list of nations ; having more vessels than old France, Spain, Italy or Eussia ; when the assets of our chartered banks, the value of our imports, the extent nf our exports tell a story of our marvellous progress ; when, instead of about 2,000 miles of railway in 1867, we have now 14,000, giving us a greater length of mileage than any other part of the Empire, excepting the United Kingdom and India ; when the Canadian Pacific railway has established a line of steamers between Vnncouver and Hong Kong and Japan, and our great Canadian line has become of Imperial importance; when we have developed our inexhaustible fisheries, thanks to your abrogation of the Eeciprocity Ti'eaty, so that we have 75,- 000 hardy men sailing our vessels and otherwise engaged in the business, and for 1887 we value these fisheries at $20,000,000 1 Can you wonder that annexation, as a serious subject, has received its doom, and that in spite of the intoxication of senatorial con- ceit on the one side, and the croaking of malcontents and poli- tical tramps on the other, Canada is loyal to the Mother Country, from whose stout old loins both of us sprang ? Confederated Canada, respected Canada, loyal Canada, progressive Canada is a personal and political insult to the sore-head parties who opposed Confederation, and who would welcome ANNEXATION TO TUBKBY OB RUSSIA were we neighbors, or rejoice even at annihilation rather than live the agonizing life of h eeing their prospects and prediction destroyed. There wore millions of your own citizens glad to do their worst to dismomboryour union ; there wore thousands who gave their lives to wreck the Republic that th«ii* own State in- terests might be j)romoted. Yet when u few obscure cianks in Canada declare in favor of annexation, you think they speak the sentiment of a bober people who do not find it necessary to in- dulge in the spectacular or the rhetorical that you may see and hear the truth. You choose to ignore the treason of many a Southern newspaper to-day as you did twenty-tive years ago, and you exalt as gospel the partisans of the Canadian press, who are incapable of telling the truth. Personally and professionally, I am sure any dentist who visits you forgets ho is not an American, and I am sure we try to make Americans coming to Canada forgot they are not Canadians. You have big and hospital hearts that were intended for hospitality and not for (luarrel. Personally and even commercially we can find so many points of common agreement that should overlook the few where we must agree to differ. Politically, I realize I am a foreigner here the moment 1 cross the line. I am at home when I land at Liverpool, at Glasgow, at Dublin, at Bermuda, Now South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, New Guinea, Jamaica, Barbadoes or Trinidad. Politically I have a share in, and am proud of, the glorions old flag which waves over New Zealand, Australia, Gibraltar, Malta, Hong Kong, West Africa, Ceylon, St. Helena, Natal, British Honduras, Dominica, the Bahamas, Gren- ada, Barbadoes, India. England is an old and apt master in annexation. Since she lost the thirteen colonies here, she has annexed colonies far greater in area and population, of far more value to her than if they were joined to her three kingdoms, while Spain, Portugal, Holland and Fj-anco have lost theirs, and there is little or nothing left for any other nation to annex. I need no other political passport to the rights of a British subject, and the citizen of a great realm, compiising 65 territories and islands, than my Canadian birthright. I do not measure my national boundary from the Atlantic to the Pacific, but from the Pacific to the Caribbean Sea. prediction glad to do usands who n State in- ci-anks in y Hpuak tho navy to in- %y see and of many a 3 years ago, press, who t who visits ry to make idians. You hospitality lly we can d overlook E realize 1 n at home t Bermuda, I, Jamaica, ti, and am w Zealand, Ceylon, St. mas, Gren- master in •e, she has r far more kingdoms, heirs, and annex. 1 ish subject, | tories and I sasure my t from the 3 I ITNDBR THE KEION OP VICTORIA no Canadian need be ashamed to belong to au Empire which em- braces a fifth of tho habitable globe, and to know that his own Dominion forms nearly a fifthof the whole; an Empire five times as largo as that which was under Darius; four times the size of that under ancient Rome; sixteen times greater than France; forty times greater than United Germany; throe times larger than the United States, Australia alone neaily as big as the States ; India nearly a million and a quarter of square miles ; Can- ada, 600,000 square miles larger than the States, without Alaska; and 18,000 square miles larger with it! An Empire nearly 9,000,000 of square miles, with a population of 310,000,000. Sharers in such a realm ; heirs to such vast and varied privi- leges, *' Canadians are not for sale." Political annexation must then lemain a bug-a-boo for disappointed politicians on our side to play with, and a bubble for certain Senators on this side to blow to decoy thoir innocent fanatics at home. But there is an annexation we favor, that of brotherly friendship and political good-will. You have 54,000,000 the start of us. Are you the Goliath, afraid of Canada as a political David ? Canada has been a good neighbor. When Lincoln and Gai'field died the Domin- ion was in mourning. Whenever any of your men-of war come into our ports, tho citizens rejoice and give their men the hospi- talities of the cities. There are constant reciprocity treaties being made every day in the year between us at the altar of Hymen. At many of our banqut ts the toast of the President fol- lows that to the Queen. At most of our public gatherings your flag entwines ours. From most of our pulpits pi'ayors are offered for your ruler as well as for ours. That is the sort of alliance that we do more than you do to promote. We want, too, fair com- mercial reciprocity, but we shall not take commercial union for it, or bend our necks or our knees for either. Whatever betides, we can both be loyal to our own political convictions, wo can both be fair, even to our own national and natural prejudices, and while Canadians may neighborly pray " God bless the Re- public," may you not in as friendly a spirit reciprocate with " God Save the Queen." ■n II ft) > o o o