IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) V /. O {■/ % W- C-P, [/ v. 1.0 I.I ^ IIIM •A. itt " litt 1.25 ||25 20 1.4 11111,6 °m S^* ^" ■^i' '% * ■■;> ^c^ A °^' Photographic Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, NY 14580 (716) 872-4503 ^^V iV -^^ \ - (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the syr luoi . leaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filnod at dii^ferent reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diagrams illustrate the method: Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition et de la nettet^ de I'exemplaire film6, et en conformit6 avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. 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Les diagrammes suiv;»nts illustrent la mdthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 J:f, ■Mt ti^a^^'^ n FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY SAINT JOHN. N. B. Reference Book Int 6670 \ ^ 1 ■ « V---»Sft»*i'- *^^b FDR REFERENCE AHlllt. 5 IHCC |Ne^^fSpape^ Room NOT TO »K TAKKN FROM TIIK KOOVl :)cc. no. 6.(i70 jm^l mPP ^g ^B tk Isi bH ^^ .tv.*.?!*<-"i"i" f' ^:.. ^*.^?/"'.#.*lSfe -tC^ 'i -;m UiM^n .■.'/^1*^:'' « ^^ ^ AN ACCOUNT OF THB mi ^U\tm Mi %th\ Sailirag, BBINQ THB -'*•'' ?? — ' — " ^' c/i {No..?.?.?. ^^t iohn, t^J> V. ORIGINAL INTERCOLONIAL RAILWAY, From its First Inception in 1835 to the present time. SAINT JOHN, N. B. : PRINTED BY H. CHUBB & CO., PRINCE WILLIAM STREET. 1869. an ■ mi AN ACCOUNT OF THE @ (T \m\i gindi[wijs and ^u\t\ %i\\\u% THE ORIGINAL INTERCOLONIAL IIAILWAY, From its First Inception in 183C. On tiio 5th day of October, in the year 1835, a meeting was convened of a muultcr of tlie inhabitants of the Town of Saint Andrews, in the County of Char- lotte, Province of New Brunswick, for the ptirposc of forming- lliemsolves into an Association under the appellation of the "Saint vVndrews and Quebec Hail road Association," having in view the desirabl<' object of giving publicity to the prac- tical)ility and desirability of constructing a Railroad between the town of Saint Andrews and the City of Quebec in Lower Canada. Being then convinced of the commercial importance of su(;h an undertaking, by which a direct communication would be formed between Canada and the Lower Provinc(>s, a conviction somewhat strengthened by the published o])inioii of an English writer, which appeared in the •' United Service Journal" at some prior time, over the sigiuiture of HoTiry Fairl)airn, resolutions were proposed and luianimously agreed to, at this their first memorable nnn'ting. They W(.'rc to the lullowing tjU'ect: That a Railroad from Canada to the m-arest winter port in New Hrunswick; viz.. Saint Andrews, would be of great national importance to the interests o( iJiitish North America, and its trade and connnerce generally. That the proposed route; Irom Saint Andrews to Quebec, from all reliable information, is the best in all respects that can be projected. That the traffic; nrising from all sorts of merchandi/.e and passengers, &c.. would be commensurate to the cost of such an undertaking, and would fully justiA its construction. That an Association lie then^foro formed to i)romote the object of building a Railroad from Saint Andrews to Qu(0)ec. The Associntion was thereupon (»rganized by the following appointments: — lion. James Alhinshaw, Chairman; Thos. Wyer, Esq., Deputy Chairman; Ifarrii- Hatch, John Wilson, James Rait, Samuel Frye, J. McMaster, Esoii tlic termination of their explorations b(!ai-s date January .30tii, 1 83(5, and was accompanied with an exf)lanatory map. Tli(?y stated that having commenced operations on the 28th October, 1835, and afti^r encountering many unexpected obstacles, they reached the " IlighJands," then so called, on the jjor- dcrs of Canada, on the 29th December. They begun their survey near tlie west branch of tlie Digdeguash river, and continued up tliis !att(!r to White Beaver I'rook, an outlet of the Digdeguash lak(>s: from this point onward the work was separated and I'eported upon in sections. A genei'al description of the course of the line ex})lored is as follows: — Commencing on tlie Digdi'jfiiasli, iit tlic jiliico previously mentioned, llience northerly across White ISeiiver Brook iind Stag Brook to tlie eastward of the fourth South Titeombe Lake; onward to Cranl)('rrj' Brook, erossing it helow the falls, thence along the eastern .side, and tlirouf^h a pass west of the South Shogomoe Lake, and to tlie eastward of the nort'iern road of tlie Palfrey Moun- tains ; thence across the north Shogomoe Lake-stream to the Howard Settlement, jmssing througii this, and turning in a north-westerly direction to the left of the Ox-bow and (ireat Falls on the Kel liiver, crossing this stream lielow the Forks, and keei)iiig to the west of Oak Hill, proceeds north- westerly to the Houlton and Woodstock Boad, two and a half miles from the American boundary ; thence across the somli branch of the Mecluxnekik above the Forks, and across the north branch; thence on a course nearly parallel to the boundary line, anil onward to the rresiiue Isle river, half ji mile west of "Wheeler's," passing east of " Cronks," west of "Millers," and inclining nearly magnetic north to the boundary line, and passing two miles to the ea^^tward of Mars Hill; thcm-e rounding the northern head of the Hill in a course N. 70^ W., j)assing to the westward of I'aitridgi? Mill, to the Uestook liiver, crossing immediately below the nouth of the Big Machias River; thencc! across a branch of the .Machias, and passing about a inile to the southwanl of two hills called the SATXT AND-REVVS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. '■ Twins; " tliencc nortli ot \[oiint Saul, and tlirough the valley of Caroiim-'s Lake to tlie norttuTii side of Beaver Brook to a sumiiiit level ; thcnee tlown a valley to the iSusguacoo Kivfr, orossinj; this stream, and continuing in a northerly course along the west side to tiie Forks ; thence westerly to the crossing of the Allcjrash river about a inili' below the first Lake. J'roni this point the course is nearly a straight line X. 7(»^ W. to the Saint John River, which it strikes about fifteen mile- bclow the i'orks, and about four miles above the Islands ; thence across the Saint John River, pass ing Grassey Lake Stream, and onward to the south end of Muck Lake; thence inclining northerly to the north of Cariboo Luke; thence through a defile and dry barren to the southward of thi Three Mountains and Spruce Mountain, near the Canadian boundary line. The Report concluded by statiiip,; that on a review of the whole explored i-oute, the surveyoi-s did not hesitate to express their opinion that no obstruetioiis existed tliat could iiapede the formation of a railroad : that a ,a:reut portion of the ii'nds throiijiii which they passed were lit for settlcinent, and that they did no' pass through any burnt districts. The exploiation was not continued further than Spruce Mcuntain by tlie Xew Brunswick party, as a previous reconnoissance had been mailt; by Captain Vule, of the Royal Kngineer.s, from Quebec to this point or vicinity. At this period the whole of the exploration was through what was then claimed as British t(!rritoi-y, the north-eastern boundary lin(.' of Maine lieiug onl\ delined from Monument Brook to Mars Hill, which latter was the pivot or turning- point of discussion or diplomacy, as to the direction from thence on any point of the compass. It was not until the year 1842 that the boundary line ipiestion was iinally settled by the Ashburton Treaty, by which unfoi'tunate arrangement the '' lion's share " was yielded to the United States, by continuing the line from Mars Hill due north until it struck i.he River St. John about three miles above the Grand Falls. During the time occupied in carrying on this exploratory survey, the "Asso- ciation " Avas busy at work canvassing public opiidon and su])port in aid of the great (mterprise of that day, and issued a circular to ascertain the general opinion of the best informed men in the Province, in which the Ass(»ciation represented t(, the pvd)lic the route fr(^m Saint Andrews to Quebec as being preferable to an} other ever brought to notice, and claimed for that route special and mature con- sideration, tnking it for granted that local prejudices would have but little intlii- once, but that national views and considerations alone Avould determine the im- portant question. It was i'urther represented that the situation of the town of Saint Andrews was most favorable as a ])ort for the receiving of imjjorts from, and the shipping of exj)orts to the West Indies. Europe, the United State.-; and Nova Scotia; as a connnercial port it could not Ite better situat(!d, and as a ter- minus for a railroad from Canada it had no rival. The serious attcintion and impartial deliberation of the public was therefore earnestly reipiested in c(»ntir matio\i of the j)ropos(Ml communication with Canada. This circular bore the sig- natures of Harris Hatch, John Wilson, James Rait, Samuel Fryc, J. McMasters. Esqrs., as a Committee of Management, with Adam Jack, Esq., acting as Secretary. \ SAINT ANDREWS AND QT'::BE(; RAILWAY. ;> Public opinion tlnis uppoaled to tlirouji'liout tho Provinco. gavo ii favoruM'- verdict, and tho Association, flushed with rnich success, deemed it expedient to consult, the Goverinneiit and ]»eople of Lower (-anada, and lor this purpose de- puted Ilarri-i Hatch, John Wilson, James Rait, and John McMaster, Ks(p-s., to [)rocecd to Quebec early in December, and submit to the Governor General an abstract of all the proceedings of the Association. The Lieutenant Governor, Sir Archibald Campbell, had previously paved the way for the deputation, with good intentions, havint!- j.i'cviously introduced tho subject to the Governor General, a- well as to his Kxcellency Sir Colin (kimpljcll, Lieut, (jlovernor of Nova Scothi. by whom Captain Yule, of the Royal Engineers, before mentioned, was instructed to afibrd his services to the Association. The result of the visit to Canada was. that in due course of time both branches of the Legislature passed resolutions approving the scheme, and aflbrding every facility in meeting the views of the .same body in New Brunswick, and that as soon as the latter Legislature passed an Act to establish the proposed railroad, and grant facilities thereto, a similai- Act should be passed by th(! Canadian Legislature. The Legislative Council also confirmed tho resolutions of the Lower House, and on the Iflth December, ISBu. resolved that a railroad between the ports of Saint Andrews and Quebec would greatly diminish ihe disadvantages to Navigation consequent upon the perioili(;al freezing up of the River Saint Lawrence. That a communication by rail between those two ports would promote the settlement of the country, facilitate the inter- course between Canada and the United Kingdom, increase the demand for J>ritish manufacture, and give additional employment to British shipping. That it is highly expedient to promote and facilitate tho views of the Saint Andrews and Quebec Railroad Association. That the Governor in Chief transmit to the Secre- tary of State for the Colonial Department the foregoing, as the opinion of the Legislative Council, accompanied with his own recommendation. The inhabitants of Quebec and Montreal also took a warm interest in the proposed undertaking, and signed a petition to his Majesty for aid. The Boards of Trade of both those cities having been addressed by lettei- from the deputation, subsequently joined the Association as Members. The de- putation had stated to the Boards in their letters (Dec. 14th) that in becoming members of their Association they sought for no pecuniai'y aid, and therein en- gaged to defray all preliminary expenses : the fb'st assistance to be rendei-ed would l»e in joining in a jjctition to the Jlome Government, prayinu' tor such aid towards a commencement of the work as might appear reasonalile. They would next be re(]uired to name some of tlieii" iViends in London to be associated with the Ifon. .lames Alhinshaw and others, to pro(;eed to England for the above pur- pose, and to bring the stock into market. The deputation proposed by the writers were Hon. James Allanshaw, Mei'Srs. Geo. Wyldes & Co., E. N. Kendall. I'jsq.. and Messrs. Antbony Gibbs A- Co. 6 SAINT ANDRKVVS Ax\D QUEBEC RAILWAY. The Quebec Board of Trade accej)ting tiic views and proposals of the visiting (h'l)utation to tljeir city, deputed Messrs. An.lrew Patterson, George Peniberton, and William Walker to act in concert with them during llieir stay, and nominated Alox. aillespio,Juiir., Nathaniel Gould, and William Pembertoii, Esqrs., to asso- ciate with the proposed doputatiun to London. The .Afontreal I>oat|)irinH, and Messrs. Stew- unl, Smith, and Chipmaii were appointed a Committee to wait upon the Lieia. (Jovernor and request the transmission of the Resolutions to the Secretary ut" State for the Colonies. This much having been achieved, the Association consiilcrcd it advisable to present its views more fully to the pui)lic than had yet been flone, so that the benefits which would result from such an important undertakintr would Ite bettci- considered and appreciated, and thereby establish conlidence in the investment of the necessary funds for its completion. It was therefore represented that as the Saint Lawrence was then the only outlet from Canada, and that as it was frozen up for more than half the year, it became evident that a railroad communii-ation with the seaboard must be of immense utility, and that the transportation of mcr- chaiidi/e of all kinds would unquestionably be of a corresponding magnitude. There could be no limit to the amount of exports and imports, more especially of those particular articles most required when the river navigation is closed, and are thus excluded from a marrt.et until late in the spring of the year. The i-ail- road would obviate all such difficulties and disadvantages, and would command the whole business of the country, most certainly during one half the year, and the chief portion of the transportation during the other; it would secure to Canada an uninterrupted communication with New Brunswick, Nova Scotin, the West Indies, and the United Kingdom, which could not fail to advance the inter- ests of all the Provinces, and contriliute to the prosperity of the whole by in- creasing trade and the means of production to a great extent. If the work was i\'>\ at once taken in hand with energy and promptitude, all the wealth and trade in store for such an enterprise would be ultimately divertetl to other countries, with but little chance of recovery at a distant day. Another important feature is the inestimable benefits that would acci'ue to emigration, as regards comparative safety, comfort and celerity hi travelling, without encountering any of the risks to which the navigation of the (Julf of St. fiawrence is freijuently subject. It should also be considered that the internal resources of 200 miles of ri('li forest country \v'oukl Ijc thus opened, aiul in a great measure rendered nKjre productive ; the sale of the lumber lands would jn-ovc a large source of revenue, besides inducing settlements along the whole line; min- erals were also to be found along the route, lime, gy[>sum, and indications of coal; tl>ere were also superior slate (luarries. All kinds of timber were abundant, ami no doulit saw mills would be erected on many of the streams possessing am])li' water power; prodigious quantities of squared timber, boards and deals would be brought down for ex[)ortation, which would otherwise be locked up for ages. SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC KAILWAY. 'raking an average (juantity of 100,000 tons annually passing over the road, at live shillings per ton, this item would yield an ineonie of £2;),000, and taking tlu' (juiintily of Hour, grain, and provisions at 1 10.000 barrels, at tliree shillings per harrel, equal to XI 6,500, those two items would give a total of £41,500: in course of time this amount would no doubt be doubled, ami if to this l)e added the West India and other imports, with passengers, &c., it would be more than trebled. The actual amount of income could only be arrived at by inference, anil enough Avas known of the value of the forests, and of Canadian ])roduction, to jus- tify the conclusion that the undertaking would be a safe investment of capital, which woidd bear a fair i-ate of interest after (h(^ road was in full tunniii'j ')]i(!ration. The cost of construction was mdvnown. iIk; Inigtli was supjioscd to be 250 miles, through a com[)arativeIy level country; but taking the estimates for sonic of the railways in the United States as a basis, it was considered that one nullion sterling would be sufficient, and should the Government muke liberal grants in aid of the undertaking, probably little nioi'e than half this amount wf>uld be ample. Application had been made to his Majesty by petition for such aid. The •' Saint Andrews and Quebec Railroad Company " had Ixsen incorporated by an Act of the Legislature, witli a capital of i 750,000, divided in 80,000 shares of £25 each; which with a similar .Vet to be ])assed in Lower Canada with a capi- tal of .£250,000, would make one million pomuls t'ne full amount of the estimated expense. Tlu; following was also submitted : — KSTLMATE OF PROBABLE COST OF CONSTRUCTINC ST. ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAH^WAY. Grading 250 miles at $5,000 per mile, £312,500 A[aking the road and putting down rails for a single truck with turnouts, &c., at $7,000 per mile, 437,500 Whole Estimated Cost £750,000 The A.s.^ociation tliought it safe to allow for foiitiiigencits in addition thereto, 250,000 £1,000,000 Or in Sterling Aloney £888,889 The following is the " Schedule" of the probable anmuil income on the pro- ftosed Saint Andrews and Quebec Kuilway, as also submitted to the piddie by the Association ; — IMPORTS TO ylKHEC. West India Produce, £5,000 European IManufaetures and Merehandi/.e, 10,000 Passengers, averaging 15 per day, 200 days at 80 shillin;;s each, .. 15,000 Miseellaneons articles, eciunl to 5(1,000 bris., iit 5 '> 12,500 Emigrants, say 5,000 Amount from Imports, £48,000 SATNT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 9 i EXPOKTS FROM QUEBEC. Flour and Provisions, say 110,000 brls. at 3s. per brl. x'16,500 Wheat, Barley, Oats, «&;c., 10,000 Staves, Ashes, and miscellaneous articles, 10,000 Passengers, as per contra, 15,600 Amount from Exports, £52,100 Do. from Imports, 48,100 TO AND FROM THE INTERMEDIATE COU>TTRY. 100,000 tons Deals, Timber, Boards and Planks, at 7s. 6d. per ton, 37,500 Shingles, Staves, Saw-logs, Scantling, and other di- mension Lumber, 7,500 Provisions, Goods, Passengers, i. e. Settlers and Operators, 0,300 51,800 Probablclncome, £151,500 Equal in Stcrlin'^ Money to £134,666 Allowance for carrying; mails, and otiicr items, not included in the Estimate. The Members of the Association closed their public appeal with an assurance that their advocacy for the proposed railway was the residt not only of the most careful attention tliey Iiad been able to give to the consideration of the enterprise, but also of the integrity of their deliberate investigation, and of their entire conviction. Daring the montli of January, 1 83G, Messrs. Allanshaw and Jack proceeded to England as the lirst deputation from the Association to the British Govern- ment, bearing petitions from New Brunswick and Lower Canada for aid to the Road, and while there had an interview with the Right Hon. Lord Glcnelg, Sec- retary of State for the Colonics, and also a corrcfl{)ondcnce. During their absence an editorial article appeared in the St. Jolni " Courier" of February 2.5th, on the subject of their mission to England, and the object in- volved in connexion with the proposed railr()ad, whicii is worth inserting here as a connecting link. It is now very evi(l( iit that the opinion of the Saint John Press at that period is not the opinion of to-day : — " Wo most sincLToly hope that this grand projection may rccfive tlio favorabli' ronsideration '• of tliL' King and liis Goveriiniont. The uroat importance of conncctinK tlieso two ports l>y rail- " road will at once he seen when wo remind our roailors that tiuoboc is honnd in icy fetters for " about six months in the year, * ♦ * while at the same time New Brunswick would ro- •• eoivo an additional impulse liy St. Andrews being the port of exit for the productions of Canada. " Wo certainly tliink t]..it nur neighbors of St. Andrews are ontidoil to groat credit for the perse- " vering mannur in which thoy havo for a number of monllis past directed their att'.Mition to tliO " subject, both in having visited Quebec and causing a survey of the contemplated line of road to " be made, and that too at their own expense. It is true, they have much to gain if it should go " into successful operation; but at the same time we must leel the bcneflU* to bo derived from it, • ' for our interests are so intimately blended tliat whatever anbcts the one, must also bo felt by the '• other." I 10 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. r, I On March 12tli, Resolutions moved by Albert Stewart, Esq., M. P., passed the Nova Scotia Legislature. A Committee waited u[)on his Excellency, who assured them he would have great pleasure in attending to the wishes of the House, and would forward the Resolutions to Lord Glenelg by the Packet then in Port. These Resolutions were similarly framed to those already mentioned. At this particular period the question of the North Eastern Boundary Line remained unsettled; the decision of the King of the Netherlands, having been contrary to the spirit and intention of the arbitration submitted to his Judgement, had been quietly rejected by both pai'tios. and the matter stood in an uncomfort- able abeyance. On the 15th April the deputation in England addressed a letter to Lord Glenelg, enclosing the petitions, and vouched for the respectability of the signa- tures attached to each document; they also expressed the gi'cat anxiety that would prevail in the Provinces until the decision of his Majesty's Government was known. That the Legislature of Ncav Brunswick had passed an Act incor- porating " The St. Andrews and Quebec Railroad Company," and that body was then being organized with the full expectation that the prayer of the petitions would be graciously complied with. To that conmuniication Lord Glenelg returned a reply on the 23rd, through his Secretary, and as follows : — " Gentlemen, — I am directed by Lord Glenelg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of " the 15th inst , with tlie [ictitionB which accompanied it, from New Brunswick and Lower Canada. " on the subject of the proposed railroad l)etween Quebec and Saint Andrews. Lord Glenelg de- " sires me to state to you that he lias laid these petitions before the King, who was pleased to re- " ceivc them very graciously, and to command that immediate measures .should be taken for asecr- " taining to wliat extent it would be possible for his Majesty to promote the petitioners' ol)ject, to " which his Majesty attaches the highest importance." On the 27th April the deputation again addressed his Lordship, and sub- mitted documents embracing the estimated cost of the projjosed road, and pro- bable proceeds from trailic thereon, (as on a former page) and other explanatory matter conlirming the same. The attentioi. of his Lordship was called to the im- [tortance of an inunediatc survey on a more comprehensive scale than the previous exploration, which was done at the expense of the Association : — •' Wc would therefore suggest to your Lordship that a sum of money not exceeding £10,000 " be expended in tliis way, as a judicious exploration at the outset througli a wilderness country " will save some thousands in the end, and as this servi(!e cannot l)e completed in one seaion, it is " of the utmost consequence that it should be commenced without delay." " We would therefore propose that the sum of £260,000 should be given as a bonus or special " grant to the Company on tl'o general principle long eslalilishcd in the Province in the distribii- " tion of a large part of \'..> revenues in the construction of roads and other internal improvements. " The further sum of £500,000 to bo invested in the stock of the Company; the dividends accruing " thereon to be paid to his Majesty's Receiver General as a part of the Ca.Mual Revenues, and the " remaining £;i50,000 it is proposed to bring out in stock in the Canadas and New lJrunswi';k." i SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 11 .. r., pas.scfl illenoy, wlio islies of the Packet then ' mentioned. mdary Line laving been 1 judgement. I uncomfort- -er to Lord f the signa- mxioty that jrovcrnment 1 Act ineoi-- it body wa.s le petitions •rd, tln-ongh your letter of owLT Ciinailii, 1 Glcnelg (lo- loasod to rt'- c'li for ascer- s' object, to , and sub- , and pro- xplanatory to the lu»- e previous ing £10,000 ncss country scanoii, it is s or special he tlistribu- Hovemonts. ids nccruinR ucH, and th*t iswick." \ i The next letter of the delegates was addressed to Sir Geo. Grey, Under Se .etary of State, on the 5th May following, and is, even now, an important re- cord, thus : — " We have the honor to dcknowlcdge the receipt of your letter of the 4th inst., conveying to us " the gratifying inforniiition that our application for a sum of moniy not exceeding £10,000, to be " expended in the exploration and survey of the proposed line of railway from Saint Andrews to •' Quebec, had been granted, and th "le other propositions submitted by us would receive the at- " teution of Government jo soon as the result of that sur/ey was known. We cannot conclude " this letter without expressing in our own, and in behalf of the petitioners, our sincere thanks to •' Lord Glenelg for the attention and promptitude manifested by his Lordship in bringing our mis- '• sion, for the present, to so spcidy and satisfactory a termination." The de])utation arrived back from England June f)th. As soon as the Association had received the gratifying intelligence from the delegates sent to London, a meeting was held June lOtli, Thomas Wyer, Esq., Chairman, at which the following Resolutions were passed : — " That in the opinion of this meeting the munificient donation of £10,000 by his Majesty for •' the purpose of carrying into effect an accurate exploration and survey of the contemplated line " for a llailroad from Saint Anilrews to Quebec, affords an additional proof of his Majesty's soliei- •' tude for the prosperity of bis British North American Colonies, and is liailed by the members of •■ the Association as an earnest of the successful progress and ultimate completion of that highly ■' important and desirable object." '• That the great success which has thus far attended the exertions of this Association in pro- •• moling the truly national scheme for constructing a Railroad from Saint Andrews to Quebec, is " maiidy to be attributable to the early patronage and effective support of his Excellency, Sir " Archibald Campbell, and that the best thanks of the Asjioeiation be tendered to his Excellency, as • a grateful acknowledgement for his Excellency's care and fostering aid." " That James Kait, Samuel Frye, and John McMastcr, Esquires, be a deputation to wait on ■• his Excellency with the foregoing vote of thanks, and to eontV'r with him respecting the immcdi- • ate arrangements necessary to f rw.ird and carry into efTcct the exploration and survey as con- ■ templated by his Majesty's Government." The Committee of Management next deputed John Wilson, Esq., to proceed to Quebec for the purpose of making all necessary arrangements fcr the com- mencement of the survey at Quebec. A report fi'om that giuitleman was received by the Committee, dated August 1 1th, iu which he stated that having arrived at Montreal on the fith of July, he (sonferred with the Standing Committee, who oflered every assistance. Lord (Josfoi'd also expressed his high ai)pr()l)ation of tin; proceedings in England, and repeated ilu^ oiler of his services. After considtation with Captain Yale, of the lloyal Engineers, to whom the survey was to be coidided, Init who had not then obtained his leave of absence from hoadijuarters, Mr. Wilson imm(Mliate)y pro- ceeded to Quebec to iruike arragenuMils Ibi- the necessary supplies, and camp rcpiipage, &e., for the surveying party, which would consist of about eighty men. Mr. Wilson also conferred with *he Standing Committee at Queltee, who expressed (heir willingness to render all necessary aid. 12 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY, On the arrival of Captain Yule, tho greatest activity was displayed in com- pleting the preliminary arrangements, and the surveying party commenced oper- ations at Point Levi (opposite to Quebec) on the 24th day of July, and would continue the survey until they reached Mars flill ; the rest of the route would be undertaken by parties from other quarters, and till under the maaagcment of Captain Yule. It aifordod Mr. Wilson the hiuhest satisfaction to state that Capt. Yule stood unrivalled in the Engineer Department, and all Departments of Gov- ernment spoke in conmiendation of his practical knowledge and abilities in his profession. Captain Yule intended to run the line at the River Etchmin to the Etchmin Lake, and through to the River St. John, then to Mars Hill, and thence to Woodstock and Saint Andrews. Captain Badley, of the Royal E .gineers, liad made application to accompany the party as a geologist and mineralogist, but Captain Yule was of opinion that the services of that gentleman would be more desirable on the second survey. The party composing Captain Yule's general staflF on the whole survey were, — Lieut. Marloy, R. E., Ensign Hoste, 48th Regt.. Ensign Case, 32nd Regt., Col. Legendre, Provincial Surveyor, Messrs. Russell, Play ford, Allen, Wilkinson, Wightman, Grant, Wilson, surveyors. Captain Yule decided to divide the whole distance of the proposed route into four districts, each to have two assistant surveyors imder one chief surveyor. He would accompany the party from Quebec, and determine fixed points through which the line should pass ; the surveyors for the 3rd and 4th districts would proceed from Saint Andrews and work upward to Woodstock a: id Mars Hill, on account of the expense of moving so large a party from Quebec; and if the country was not of too intricate a character, which was not expected, the survey would probably be completed in two months. Many of the incidents of this survey during its progress, being of an inter- esting nature, Captain Yule's reportorial correspondence will be occasionally re- ferred to. He was first heard from on the 9 th August, from the encampment ; he had been fortunate in his selection of surveyors ; Mr. Grant had accompanied him to Lake Etchmin ; the country presented but few obstacles ; Col. Legendre and Mr, Russell had joined him at tlic Lake, and Ensign Case afterwards. Th(! chief diQiculty encountered at the outset was with the class of people sent to carry the provisions and baggage through the woods ; they were of the lazy agricultur- ist type from tho neighborhood of Quebec, to whom the service was quite new, and they would do nothing. The Captain had thei-efore to send back for an In- dian reserve, not having time to get Canadians accustomed to the work. Messrs. Russell and Gi'ant would survey as far as the Allegash by the end of Septeml>er; the latter would report to the Committee during the absence of the Captain on Ills tour through the woods , where we shall leave him for the present, and revert to other proceedings. A portion of an editorial which appeared in the New York " Express " of Jul ma thil mol Eal til d| a\ tlJ in| tl all ei e^ SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 13 d in com- ced oper- nd wiHiM would be ;ement of that Capt. s of Gov- ;ies in his nin to the lid thence leers, Iiad logist, but I be more 's {general 8th Regt.. !. liussell, sed route surveyor. 3 through cts would s Hill, on lid if the 10 survey ) ail inter- nally re- mjinient ; )nipanied jcgendre s. The to carry ^ricultur- ato new, r>r an In- Mcs3ra. iteml>er ; ptain on revert :es8 " of July 26th, but now copied from the St. Andrews "Standard" of August lltli, may appositely be inserted here, as it alludes to the doings of the Association at this period, discovers the motive of Great Britain in giving or granting a sum of money for the survey, and becomes quite prophetic on tlie question of the North F]astern Boundary Line : — " A GuKAT I'itojECT. — The plan wliich the Canadians and the New Brunswick jieoiuc, under '• tlie auspices of tlic British Government, iuive projected, of a railroad from (Quebec to Saint An- " drews, in New Brunswick, or to the city of St. John, so as to make — as it is said — St. Andrew.i " a wharf, and the Bay of Fundy a harlor for tlie St. Lawrence, is one of the most magnificent '■ that lias yet been projected upon this Continent, and calculated to involve, ultimatelv, the most '• important political consequences. The idea was stolen from the Maine Lpgislatuiv,, (I) where '• the project originally started; but Great Britain, with that sagacity and foresight that distinguish " all her political movements, has taken it up and adopted it, and is likely, for want of sufficient " enterprise in the Maine Legislature, not only to rob that State of the htmor and the protit, but " even of the tei-ritory over which it is absolutely necessary to construct the road ; hence, un- " doubtedly, the reason why Sir Charles Vaughan, in his correspondence with our Government •' relative to the North Eastern Boundary, after the starting of the project, refused even to fall " back upon the award of the King of Holland as to the dividing line between Maine and the British " Provinces, though lie was very willing to adopt that line immediately after the award. The ob- " ject of the British Government now is to secure enough of this disputed country to make a rail- " road upon between the Bay of Fundy and Quebec." " This project we have called magnificent, not only on account of the greatness of the undcr- " taking itself, but on account of its high and weighty consequences. It enables the British Gov- " eminent to send all her troops, munitions of war, &c , with all possible speed from that import- " ant naval position, Halifax, where the British Government is now fitting up one of the strongest '* fortifications in the world, to Quebec, Montreal, Toronto, the Lakes, and all along our southern " and north-western territories. In five or six days soldiers can he taken from the great military " and naval depot at Halifax, and put upon the St. Lawrence from Quebec to Ontario. The diflB- " cult and dangerous navigation of the St. Lawrence is thus avoided. The British will also thus " have a port where their produce can be sent to ajid from the West Indies, Military and com- " mercial advantages prompt the British Government to expend $4,000,000, for with the harbor of "Halifax as it is near Europe, a cordon of British bayonets can be made to surround us in the " shortest possible time, and the produce of the Canadas now seeking a mart in New York in Ame- " rican ships, can thus be turned to St. Andrews or St. John in British bottoms." " But rely upon it, there is no question with a foreign power now so vastly involving the fu- " ture destinies of this country as the disputed Boundary Line with England." Notice of the first instalment from the Government towards the expenses of the survey was sent to the Acting Committee on the 11th August by the Hon. Thomas Balllie, Surveyor General, stating that a warrant would be prej)ared foi- the sum of £2,000 currency, to be paid to the Committee of the Quebec and St. Andrews Railroad Association, with a set of receipts to l)e signed by some person duly authorized by the Committee to receive the money, or by (»ne of the Com- mittee, who had better come to Frcdericton and arrange the business. Accord- ingly Thomas Wyer, Esq., was sent for this purpose. In the meantime, the Com- mittee received information from Government House, dated 23rd August, stating that Sir Archibald Campbell had received letters from Captain Yule dated "near the St. .John River. August lOtli," that he gixve a very Hattering account of his 14 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. progress tliat far, one fourth of the wliole distance from Quebec to St. Andrews being apparently a perfect level ; lie had been delayed some days by the unfitness of the men furnished to carry the provisions and baggage, and expressed much anxiety to know whether the rivers Allcgash and Restook were navigable as high up as the line would pass ; from the great advantage of having depots of provi- sions formed on these rivers in preference to Mars Hill, he had opened a good winter road to the River St. John, Ijy which provisions would be easily conveyed from Quebec ; he expected to reach Mars Hill in ten or twelve days from the date of his letter. Sir Archibald Campbell had ascertained from persons well informed as to the locality that Captain Yule was sure to find both those rivers navigable for every purpose much higher up than where the railroad line would jiass. On the 27tli August, Thomas Wyer, Esq., reported to the Committee that on his arrival at St. John he had forwaruid provisions in the steamboat " Novelty " to Fredericton. thence to be conveyed in tow-boats to Woodstock. That upon his arrival at Fredericton he went to the Receiver General's office and obtained the .£2,000, which he placed in the Bank until his return from Mars Hill, whither he went, hoping to meet Captain Yulo ; he had arranged with Mr. Connell for forwarding the provisions from Woodstock to the surveyors, and to attend to all future ordjrs from them. On reaching Mars Hill, on the 21st, he met Mr. Playford and his party coming into cam]>, but they had received no tidings of Captain Yule ; he then deemed it best to return, as he had to pay twenty shillings a day for the men and horses he engaged. Ho met Mr. Allan and his party half-way between Woodstock and Fredericto" on their way to Mars Hill encampment, and on his arrival at Fredericton he learned that the Lieut. Governor had received despatches (before mentioned) from Captain Yule. He then brouf't down the £2,000 with him to St. Andrews, and lodged the iimouiit in the Charlotte County Bank. The great anxiety of the Committee respecting the precise geographical posi- tion of the Cajitain was hapjiily relieved by the receipt of a letter from himself, dated Woodstock, Sept. Dth. He had readied the Restook on the 1st, and Mars Hill on the 5th inst., and had fallen in with the gentlemen appointed to meet him there. The time occupied in reaching Lake Etchmin had been one month instead of filleen days ; the provisions had failed, and he was therefore obliged to go to Madawaska, as the readiest mode of obtaining a fresh supply. On leaving the source ol tlie rivers St. John and Famine, (apjiropriate locality,) he passed through a very favorabh; country. On reaching the Restook he left eight men with Col. Legendre, to ascend the great Machias and cross over to the Aristig- wani or AUegash River, while he [)roceeded to Mars Hill, accompanied by one Canadian and two Indians, and throwing himself on the resources he expected to liiid at Mars Hill, in which he had not been disappointed. From Queliec to Fjake SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 15 Andrews ; unfitness sod much Ic as high of provi- ;d a good convoyed from the 'sons well ose rivers ine would !e that on Novelty " 'hat upon obtained ars Hill, with Mr, •s, and to I 21st, he ;cived no II to pay Ir. Allan r way to that the ain Yule, dged the ical posi- . himself, ud Mars meet him :i instead to go to iving the 3 passed iglit men Aristig- [ by one )octed to to Lake Ktchmin is 30 miles of cleared country, and 1 7 miles unclcareil, explored, and partly surveyed, — ...--. 47 miles. From Lake Etchemin to the south branch of St. John River, - .33 " Total of the route decided on, 80 By the end of the month the whole distance from Quebec to near Woodstock would be connected by measured lines, and the portions remaining to be levelled would be in the hands of the surveyors. Mr. Allan had accompanied him from Mars Hill, and would forward provisions to Col. Legendre's party, without which their operations would be stopped. The Committee next received tidings from Mr. Jacob Allan, who was then on the route 20 miles below, or south of. Mars Hill, He stated that Mr. Wilkinson had received orders from the " Chief" to proceed up the Restook and make a survey of that river. Mr. Playford was to conuncnce south of Mars Hill, and extend his survey and levels until he intersected a base line. Mr, Wilson was ex- tending from Mars Hill to the Restook in a course N. 76° W., which line was fol- lowed l)y Mr. Wightman taking levels. On Captain Yule's return from Fredcr- icton, whither he had then gone, Mr. Allan was to explore a line with him from Woodstock to Mars Hill, and join in to Playford's line, and so on. Regarding the provisions, and getting them to the different depots, there should be no time lost in having some person appointed to attend to that service ; 2,000 lbs. weight must be sent to Madawaska to supply 20 men in that quarter. From the very low state of the River St. John, it was very difficult to got boats up, and the pro- visions had to l)e forwarded on waggons, which much increased the expense. There were then ten parties surveying, which would average 80 men daily, Ije- sides the expense of getting the provisions on the spot. Captain Yule and lie had made a calculation of expense, which, including the Canadian parties, would average about one thousand pounds per month ; but after they got the provisions on the ground, and with a favorable season, they trusted that their rei'orts would gladden the hearts of all who took a lively interest in the work. Mr. Allan tes- tifies that never could there have been a more competent person appointed to be chief of their staff tlian Captain Yule, whose very appearance denoted his great and good qualities. As the month of December apjiroached, the survey was drawing to a close, during which no accidents have been recorded; yet one death occurred which caused much regret among the staff; Ensign Hoste, of the 48th Regt., took sick of malignant typhus fever, and died at Woodstock. Captain Yule, in his letter of Dec. r)th to the Committee, said it would not be necessary for him to delay his departure foi- lit. Andrews by waiting for th* finished plans ; he expected to have heard from the Couunittee when one of them would be ready to start for England. On leaving Quebec tiic plans would l»e 16 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. sent after him to St. Andrews, where he would have to await tlie other plans from different sections. Lord Oosford had received a letter from Sir ^Vrchibald Campbell rcspcctin;^ the application of the Committee for his (Captain Yule) being permitted to go to England, and his Lordship had made the necessary re- ferences to the Lieutenant General commanding the forces. The following is a copy of the letter from Lord Gosford to Sir Archibald Campbell, relative to Captain Yule's leave of absence : — " Castle St. Lonie, December 26th, 1838. " Sir, — I bad the honor of receiving your Excellency's letter of the 12tli ultimo, sometime " previous to Captain Yuk's arrival at Quebec. I entirely concur in opinion with you that it is " highly desirable that Captain Yule should accompany some of the gentlemen interested in the con- " templated railroad between Quebec and St. Andrews to England, as the best means of affording " every explan.ation which may be required towards promoting this object, and I beg to inform you •' ut it may first be mentioned that his Majesty, King William the Fourth, had " put off this mortal for immortality " on the 20tli June, after a tranquil reign of nearly seven years, and greatly regretted by all classes of his subjects : — ♦' Downing Street, 3d July, 1837. " Sir, — In answer to your letter of tlie 30th ult., I am directed by Lord Glenelg to inform you " that he has had the honor of laying at the foot of the Throne the petition to his late Majesty from " the St. Andrews and Quebec Railrc.id Association: and her Majesty was pleased to receive this •' petition very graciously." " The prayer of the petitioners is that encouragement and assistance may be afforded to the " enterprise which they have in view. With reference to this application, Lord Glenelg directs me " to remind you that as the casual and territorial revenue of New Brunswick has now been ceded •' to the Legislature of that Province, her Majesty's Government have no longer at their command " any fund out of which such assistance could he aff()rdc'd ; and I am further to apprise you that as " the Legislature and Government of the State of Maine have strongly protested against a prose- " cuting of the undertaking, as involving an infringement of the existing stipulations respecting the '• disputed territory, her Majesty'.i Governnunt have felt themselves compelled, however reluct- •' antly, to instruct ilie Governors of Lower Canada and New Brunswick to prevent, any further " proceedings within the disputed territory until measures shall have been taken by friendly com- ' nmnication with the United States for removing the objections of the Government of the State of • Maine." The receipt of the foregoing was followed by an official announcement from the Lieutenant Governor of New l)riinswick in his own hand writing, and ad- dressed to the Secretary t)f the Association as follows : " Government House, Fredeuicton, July 24, 1807. " Sir, — I have received the commands of his Majesty's (?) Government in consequence of a " representation from that of tiie United States, peremptorily to prohibit any further proceedings on '' the part of the Association for the construction of a railroad betwixt St. Andrews and Quebec, " within the limits of the territory in dispute betwixt England and the United States, situated be- " twixt the acknowledged limits of this Province and the north-east frontier of the State of Maine, '• until the points in dispute siiall have been finally settled and determined betwixt the two Gov- '• ernments, or until further instructions may be conveyed to the Association upon the subject. I •' request you to lose no time in conveying the contents of this communication to the knowledge of " the members of the Association, or of the Committee of Management, and in acknowledging its •receipt." "J. Harvey, Lieut. Governor." This intelligence, thus twice told, could not fail to create the greatest disap- SAINT ANDREWS AI^D QUEBEC RAILWAY. tha^ould possibly be experienced by the indefatigable projectors of undertaking, that was full of such fair promise, and inspired the hope — eferred — to all within the Provinces proposed to be connected by this iron of commercial prosperity. Doubtless, from the mouths, and in the minds, of a raultiiiuh' of interested I'rovincialists, the Government of the neighboring Re- public received at tha^> day its full meed of manifold blessings in an inverse ratio : but like oil upon the troubled waters, there came a kindly letter to the Committee, expressing graceful sympathy, from the pioneer of the last exploratory survey, who could not but share in the general disappointment, yet nevertheless conveyed a hope r<3garding the resumption of the work at a future day. Captain Yule wrote in the following manner from London on the 29th Novend)er : " Gentlemen, — The decision of Government respecting the proposed railway will liavc been " made known to you before I he.ard of it. It was not until the 10th inst., an application beinfj' •' made at the Colonial OtBco by the Master General of the Ordnance as to the probable time tliat I " might be expected to return to my duty in the Corps of Engineers, that, in reply, it was stated " that the project of the railway was postponed. I need scarcely observe that being so well aware " of the interest you all took in the success of such an important work as this would have been, if " completed, I sympathise with you in the disappointment which you must have felt in the present " result; but I sincerely hope that it is not a final one, and that on a future and not very remote " day I may be able to congratulate you on the project being resumed." Of the proceedings in England during the visit of the deputation, a detailed account is contained in the Report of John McMaster, Esq., to the Association. He therein states that he did not deem it advisable to cqmmunicate with the Co- lonial Office until the arrival of Mr. Rait and Captain Yule, or either of them. That after waiting in London for three weeks without either of those gentlemen having arrived, he resolved to address a note to Lord Glenelg on the Gth June, requesting the honor of an inter\ lew. His Lordship appointed the 7th. He ac- cordingly presented himself, and the documents of the Association. His Lordship put the following questions to him, viz. : 1. Are all parts of the Province in favor of the contemplated railroad ? 2. Does the line explored by Captain Yule run through the disputed terri- tory, and to what extent ? 3. Has Captain Yule surveyed the whole extent ? 4. What is the object of your present visit ? All of which Mr, McMaster answered, when his Lordship observed that he would examine the papei's, and when he obtained the views of Captain Yule, Mr. McMaster would again hear trom him. Captain Yule had just arrived from Scotland, and had an interview with Lord Glenelg on the 8th, when he presented his Report on the Exploratory Sur- vey. Mr. McMaster, (his colleague not having yet arrived) on the 30th June, again addressed Lord Glenelg, reminding his Lordship of his protracted stay !i! SAINT ANDREWS ANI> QUEBEC RAILWAY. 19 ojcctors of the hope — )y this iron e minds, of boring Re- erse ratio : Committee. )ry survey. 3 conveyed ptain Yule ill have been ication beinj;- e time tliat I it was stated well aware liave been, if 1 the present very remote a detailed ssociation. ;h the Co- r of them, gentlemen r)th June, 1. He ac- I Lordship >ad ? ited terri- id that he Yule. Mr. k'iew with itory Sur- 0th June, cted stay Jiwaiting the dcci-sion of Government; in reply, Mr. McMaster received the letter uf the 3rd .Inly (before given); he then left England, and arrived at St. Andrews August 24th. Further proceeding.s on the part of the Association were now held in abey- ance on account of the unsettled question of the north-eastern boundary line be- tween Maine and New Brunswick. During the month of August, 1838, the Association endeavored to revive the prqjtict by presenting to the Governor General of Canada, through Sir John Harvey, Lieut. Governor of New Brunswick, a statement of the position of their allliirs. The Lieut. Governor replied to the Committee through his Private Sec- retary, to the effect that he was duly impressed with the great impoi^ance and advantages to these Provinces of the projected railroad from Quebec to St, An- drews, and fully concurred in the propriety of inviting the attention of the Gov- ernor General to that, for the advancement of which the Governor General's pow- erful aid would no doubt be required; but he regi'etted that he could not agree with the opinion of the Committee that it was then a proper moment for renewing the question with the Goviirnraciit of the United States, nevertheless on such a point the Governor General would be the best judge. This was about the last act of the Committee, the winding up of their im- portant duties, for a long period of seven years, fraught with anxiety and tedious suspense, until the year 1 845, w Inch brought with it new hopes and aspirations, more aid and support, but yet Quebec was tar away in the distance, the great goal to be reached. Second Period from 1845 to 1850. The year 1 845 was the memorable period of the great railway mania and commercial panic throughout England, and was the first year of the reign of his speculative majesty, the railway '• King Hudson." No wonder then that the Bri- tish Provinces were subject to incipient symptoms of the same malady. The north-eastern boundary of Maine had been '*' surrendered " by the Ash- Iturton Treaty of 1842, previously mentioned, and the way to Quebec became more narrowly i)ointcd than before. The Conmiittcc of Management of the Asso elation were re-organized, and again buckled on their armor. On the 8tli October, 1 845, a meeting was hold, and it was resolved that C. Stainlmck, Esq., of London, lie requested to act as a delegate to wait upon Lord Stanley (then Colonial Secretary) at the Colonial Office, and present a communi- cation from the Association in furtherance of the general interests of the proposed 20 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. !l! uiidortakiiii^, and that he he f'urni.slied witli the necessary documents appertainini;; tliereto. It was further resolved that a dei)utatiou he appointed to proceed to Saint John, to confer with influential men there for the purpose of forming some plan of union that 'would tend to forward the construction of a railway from the Grand Fulls of the river St. John to St. Aiulrews and the City of Saint John, and to ex- tend a bi'anch to Fredericton if expedient, at the same time keepinjj; in view a continuation to Quebec. The Hon. Harris Hatch and John Wilson. Esq.. wore appointed a deputation to proceed to Saint .John, with full jjowcr to act in accordance with the objects of the Association. A Special Committee Meetinij; of the Saint Joiui Cluunlxn' of Commerce was held on the 114th October following, at which tlicri^ wore present Hon. John Robertson, President; John Duncan, Esq., Vice President; A. Smithers, John Wishart, R. Jardine, William Parks, W. H. Street, R. Payne, Esqrs., M. P. P.'s Committee, J. Woodward, E.^q., Secretary. Hon. Hariis Hatch and John Wilson attended, and were introduced; they presented the resolutions of the Association, and were heard in further explana- tion ; and havii g learned the views of the President and some of the members, they withdrew, whereupon resolutions were passed, thanking the deputation for the information they had imparted regarding the diftcrent railroad projects, and that the general interest of the stockholders and cajiitalists should be considered as the paramount object in proposing a line to any quarter ; the most eligibh; lines for the general good would necessarily connnand the most attention and con- sideration, regardless of local interests. A deputatio 1 also waited upon the Quebec Board of Trade, and a meeting was held in the rooms of the Board ; documents were submitted, and all necessary explanations were given. Mr. Andrew Patterson, one of the Standing Commitee, (in 1837) addressed the meeting, and assured those present that the most lively feeling existed in Quebec towards the undertaking. The whole of the proceedings were of a very satisfactory character, and resolutions were passed by the Board expressive of a hearty concurrence. Matters were now reaching an important crisis with the Association as the ventilation of their proposed railway scheme prod iced an opposition by the fur- therance of other [iroposcd oifspring routes for a similar connection, and created for a while a sensational panic among the projectors of the parent line. Where- upon a public meeting was held in the Town Hall at St. Andrews, to which Hon. Captain Owen, R. N., Captain J. Robinson, R. N., Jas. Brown, Esq., M. P. P., Jas. Boyd, Esq., M. P. P., Geo. S. Hill, Esq., M. P. P., Robt. Thompson, Esq., M. P. P., (Charlotte County members) were invited to attend. Hon. Cai)tain Owen, R. N. pr. sub " nifl SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 21 appertaining: 9 presided, and explained the objeet for which tlie inectinp: had been ronviMKMl, and submitted his views on tlie subject. Tlie "business" is copied in lull, as follows: " Moved by Hon. Harris Hatch, seconded hy Captain Ilobinson, R. N., — " ^V7lereas several new routes for a railw.-iy from Canada to Atlantic waters lias iccii devised " since the originial one from Quebec to St. Amlr^ws wa>( projected, and one now canvassed in a *' spirit of opposition and rivalry ; and whereas the line terminatinf? at St. Andrews is far the short- " est, possesses the greatest r'lcilities for commercial coinniunication, and can be constructed at " mucli less expense, as fully ascertained by the surveys made in 183G and 18.17 by directions of " Government, therefore — " Resolved, That in the opinion of this meetinfj every possible exertion sliould bo made to for- " ward operations for conuneuceinent of the railway from Saint Andrews to the I'rovince line as " authorised by the law passed for that purpose in 183(5." " Moved by Hon. Thomas Wyer, seconded by James Boyd, Ksq., M. P. P.. — " Resolved, As the sense of tiiis meeting, that the objections raised against tiie terminus of thi' " railway being at Saint Andrews, on account of the proximity of the line to a foreign State, is " witliout foundation, inasmucli as all the routes will be equally exposed at points where they will " be most vulnerable, and that it can in no wiiy affect the generul utility of the enterprise." " Moved by Wellington Hatch. Esq., seconded by Henry Frye, Esq., — " That the Acting Committee of the Saint Andrev^s and Quebec Railroad Association be re- " quested to use every possible exertion to forward the undertaking." " Moved by John Wilson, Esq., seconded by George ^y. Street, Esq., — " That a subscription be opened for the taking of stock, and that exertions be made to induce "persons here and elsewhere to become stockholders in the undertaking; and further resolved, " that Connnittees be named in the several towns of the county to solicit subscriptioni! fo;* the " stock. J. H. WaiTLOi K, Esq., Secretary." During this year the subject of Inter-colonial railroads hail been freely dis- cussed by the Provincial Press, more especially by that of Halifax, which strenu- ously advocated a line from Halifax to Quebec by an eastern and northern shore route ; while the St. John Press as firmly supported a line from that city to Quo- bee. St. John had now entirely ignored St. Andrews as a terminus, and the " Courier" did not reiterate its former opinion of 1830. A prospectus was issued of a railroad from St. John to Fredericton, to connect at this latter place with one from the Grand Falls; the line to be extended by steamboat via Annapolis (the present route) to Halifax. The chief competitive scheme, however, to the St. Andrews and Quebec, was the Halifax and Quebec, or " Great Northern American Railway," of which a brief notice may be here considered as a necessary episode. During the month of August his Excellency the Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick received communications from the British Government respecting the construction of a railroad from flalifax to Quebec, for the purpose of carrying the troops and mails. It was also rumored that there were capitalists in England who would invest money in Provincial railroads if the security was satisfactory. The St. John " Courier" of August 30th, next informed the public that the Provisional Committee in London of the " Great Northern American Railway" 99 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. Iiad i.SHiicd a second prosi)ectus. The Company had changed their title to the •• Nova Scotia, Xew Brunswick and Canada Railway and Land Company," and tiad increased their capital to three millions. The Company only proposed a line from Halifax to Quebec, connectinj; these ports by passing through, or by Saint •John and Fredericton along the river valley. The Conipaii} also proposed to combine tlie settlement ol" the country with the progress of the railroad, by the pre-emptive purchase of blocks of land of 20,000 acres at each station, which, when cleared and improved under the direction of the Company, would conduct; to encourage settlement and production, and ensure the road a large return. Despite the efforts made in England by this Company lor the advancement of their rival project, the Acting Committee of the St. Andi'cws and Quebec Asso- ciation worked away with all the greater energy and stronger will for their own original scheme. John Wilson, Esq., brought this enterprise again before the public through the medium of a letter which appeared in the " Standard " of Oct. 8th, intended cliieHy for the information of British capitalists, who would, no doubt, wish for the luost economical, shortest, and best route to oi)en the Canadas with the Atlantic ocean and England. A glance at the map would show the geo- graphical advantages which the St. Andrews line possessed over that proposed from Halifax, tlie distance from St. Andrews to Quebec, ])y survey, being 275 miles, whilst from Halifax to Quebec would be 550 miles. Th(> former line had been most favoral)ly iei)ortod on by Major Yule, the maximum grade -ot exceed- ing 40 feet per mile: the country produced lino groves of yellow and red pirn; the lands were excellent for the emigrant and tarmer. The extra time in steam- ing from Liverpool to St. Andrews would be oidy irom eight to twelve hours over that to Halifax. St. Andrews possessed a harbor accessible at all seasons of the year, and was more favorably situated for direct intercourse with the British West Indies than any other port in the Provinces ; these facts alone should en- gage the attention of the British Government and capitalists. The Quebec '' Gazette," in noticing the rival project from Halifax to Quebec, was ol opinion that the magnitude of the midertaking would cause many to falter in a belief of its success. It was, however, as an imi)roved military connnunica- lion between Great Britain and Canada, and a connncrcial connection during tlie winter when the St. Lawrence was scaled up, that the contemplated railroad would be of national advantage. But Great Brituin also required a safer and cheaper mode of export than by the St. Lawrence when it was open, which, if not accomplished, would render a great portion of hor trade with Canada to come and go through Amei'ican sea- ports. The elToi'ts of the Americans in the establishment of other railroads with ('anada, in order to bring the trade to their own doors, was not censurable. Tiiose who allordcd the best facilities to trade were the best entitled to it, and do a gtj 1 for I ■B I rirCf SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 23 1' title to the mpany," and po.sed a line or by Saint proposed to road, by the ation, which, uld condiKN; return. idvancement Itiebec Asso- )r their own Ijelbre tlu; rd " of Oct. ) would, no he Canadas ow the geo- it proposed being 275 ler line had >t exceed- rcd pii'fi • e in steam- hours over sons of the lie IJritish should en- to Quebec, y to falter onnniniica- du I'ihg the railroad rt Ihan by ifuder a 'ri('an soa- oads with ensurablc. it, and do n I a general good in forcing others to exert themselves in improving their facilities foi- commercial communication and advai emeut. The New York " Albion " likewise contained a notice of the projected lines to Quebec, and as the opinion expressed theu is applicable to the method of choice in the route for the Intei'-colonial railway of the present day, it is here (juoted : "It is impossible for us, with our present information, to recoinmcnil any particular route. '* Three towns arc ehiiming the honor of opening a road from the Atlantic to Quehec, and thus es- " tablishing a direct connrunication with England. Halifax, St. John and St. Andrews possess •' their several advantages. The Halifax is tiic longest road, being nearly six hundred miles; but " then it will lay open and render accessible to the settler a proportionately greater tract of country, " which is a consideration of groat importance ; for the success of either of the projects must ulti- " niately depend on the extent of country rendered accessible, and the increased travelling and " transi)ortation of produce that is to be created by the construction of those great works." We next make extracts from an excellent letter on the subject of routes, ad- iJressed to the Editor of the New York " Albion," ])y " an old subscril)er," which was, no doubt, from the able pen of the late J)r. Samuel Frye, of St. Andrews, in reply to an article on " Colonial Kailroads," which aj)peared in the " Albion" of the 11th October: "It is true, that in a first or superficial view, the route from HaUfux has a prepossessing " aspect, but when the great length is taken into consideration, .ind also the fact that it must pass " through the interior at so great a distance from seaports or favorable outlets for shipments, it be- " comes self-evident that the utility of the railway will diminish in exact proportion to its extent, " and independent of its greater outlay, tliat the capital must be unproductive from the remoteness " of places intended to l)e brought into direct coiiMuunication, and tiie want of liberal support. This " need be merely exemplified by saying that there are certain and defined limits of exjjense beyond " which most goods will not admit of transportation." " On the other hand, the line from Quebec to St. Andrews will not only connect those places " by the shortest possible route, br.t can be extended to the City of Saint John; it may also connect " Fredericton, and any other point that may be desirable, especially a junction with the proposed " railway from Boston via Portland, Bangor and Calais could be effected at a trifling cost, thereby •' completing the communication from Boston to St. Andrews, St. John and Halifax, and very ma- " terially enhancing the value of caiiitul invested, and the general utility of the undertaking. " In the selection of a route for the contemplated railway, all local feelings and interests should " give way to public good, aud every caro taken to adopt the one that will hereafter be least ex- " posed to rival competition." The "Standard " of Doc. lOth, remarked in (!on(irmatiou of the foregoing: " If the railway connecting the Atlantic with the St. Lawrence is to be entirely a Government " undertaking for military purpo.-es alone, tlicn Halifax siiould bo a terminus, but in a commercial " point of view, it can be of little service, as very few exports from Canada can liear the expense of " GOO or 700 miles of transportation by railway, while most articles might bear a transportation of " about 350 miles, or half the distance. The difl'erenco in the expense of transportation alone be- " tween Halifax and St. Andrews from the St. Lawrence would be a haiulsome profit to the Cana- " dian merchant; and so far as the coimnercial interests of Canada are concerned, St. Andrews be- " ing so much the shorter, is so nuich the more favorable route." At this time there was a vast amount of editorial corres})oiidence and die- iaH 24 illii: \im SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. Ill' cussion ill the Provincial papers in advocacy of the diftbrent favorite schemes, " Scrutator" appears to liave been the great Nova Scotia champion for the Halifax and Quebec scheme, and eudeavofctl to write down St. Andrews as a railway ter- minus, but " An Old Subscriber" a.^ain came to the front and met " Scnitator ' at the j)oint of — tin; pen, thus : " In tlu! remarks of " ScTutntor," however, I coiiUl but regret to percoivc that the usual good •• taste of that writer had hcen departed frora in summarily giving a quietus to a line of railroad " projected l)cfore tlie present rivalry had an existence, especially as it was one that had received •• the sanction of the 15ritish Government and of the Colonial Legislature of Lower Canada, New " Brunswick, and Nova Scotia ; it is true that llie operations commenced and in progress were sus- ' pended, in eonse(iuence of the remonstrances of the United States Government, as it was conteni- " plated that a portion of the line should pass through the disputed territory, since surrendered, and " that now it nmst, to a certain extent, deviate ''rom the explored route ; hut a great part of what " was surveyed still remains, as before, available for future appropriati(jns. " The terminus at St. Andrews is not contended for in opposition to Halifax. Far from it. Its '• position alone gives it claims that are contended for as l)eing adapted to secure a greater portion " of Canadian trade that any other one that can bo found. It is tlie nearest open winter port on " Atlantic waters tiiat can be reached from Canada within British limits ; and passes iiu'ougli a " country, at least that portion from Woodstock to St. Andrews, better adapted for a track, than '• any that can be selected elsewhere, if the testimony of surveyors can be trusted. •' If then, St. .Andrews, iiy natural position, is the nearest practicable ti'rminus for cominunica- " tion vith Canada, and tiie railway can be constructed witii less cost, nearly one half of that to " Halifax, it would seem that it was ' ntitled to some degree of consideration. " Although it is a small place, containing only between two and three thousand inhabitants, " principally engaged in promoting trade and commerce, it has loaded upwards of sixty thousand " tons of export shipping the present season, and possesses ample accommodation for transacting ■' business to a far gri'M((>r amount, with every facility for extending improvements without limit. " It also lias signiflcanci nugh to have the merit of projecting the tirst railroad scheme from Ca- " nada, and to have obtaiiud tlio sanction and aid of Government towards the undertaking. " That the Halifax route possesses* many features in a military and national aspect, worthy uf •' consideration, no question can be entertained; whether it will pay adecjuate interest for the in- " vestment, however, may be problematical, as its great extent must necessarily limit its commer- " cial utility to the trade of Canada, the very first and vitally important object to be attained, but "' which by some strange fatality has been either too umch overlooked, or intentionally avoided in " all the notices of this magnificent scheme hitherto submitted to the public." Durino' Ihc month of December (1845) a subscription list was opened, the subscribers proinisinj.^ to take the number of shares set opposite to each name, and pi'omisinfjj to pay the several calls when required, as directed by the Act of lucor- porati(m ])assed 8tli March, 183G. The capital stock of the Company W\\\\r £75(),()()(), divided itilo .'{O.OOO shares of X2«) each, the calls to be not less than four per cent., and not to exceed ten pov cent, of the amount of stock of each shareholder, and no instahiients to b(^ called Ibr until ten llioiisiiiid shares shall liiivt^ been actually sultscriljed Ibr, and not before. The sto(!k list for the Province and Parish ol" Siiint Andrews comprised iJO names, representing; 1,.'500 shares, and XS2,r)00 capital. In the month of January 1840, a similar subscription list was opened at St. Stephen, and ('omi)riscd 22 uainos, rcprcseutinjr 375 shares, amounting to Xn,:i7r) cajntal. SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 25 ■orite scliomes. ror tlio Halifax a railway ter- " Sc;-iitator'' at at tlie usual gooil II line of railroad liat hii(' January npri.soil 22 The St. Stephen stock wag taken on the express condition that no subscriber should be liable for any greater amount than he signed for opposite to his name. £41,875 had thus been subscribed ibr in the County ot Charlotte alone, but we shell see, by and bye, how much of this pretentious amount had been actually paid up. With the commencement of the year, the Committee of Management issued a prospectus to the public, which contained the original appeal of 1835, also the resolutions of the Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Legislatures, and the petition to his Majesty for aid, together with a second address to the public, which, however, contained no new points in particular, with the exception of the following argument, viz. : " The principal objection raised against this line is its proximity to the American boundntion of the Government to send o despatch to each colony em- bracing Ihose regidations, and accompanied by all the information they possessed. The English railway act would also be sent with it. It was .Mr. (Iladstone's wish that the Colonists should be left as much as possible to themsclvoa in their rail- way enterprises. On being asked if competing lines would bo sanctioned, Mr. Gladstone observed, that that point would be left to the Governor and Legislature of the Province, and that it would be very unwise policy for any Colony to pur- sue ; the Homo Government, however, would not interfere. 26 i^!!!:^^!!!!!:!^!^WEBEc ^^1,^^^. ■«3,350 sfoncd for A I ^ ""l^'-iplion list „? „„„?,,' P'"'™"'* called for unfJI o !« ^""^"'^"'^ u»dcrstandin.r th.^ " ^^'^ «^"ck had A'le meeting- of the 25th afS^ a i iQff to ^r.nonn ^ .. '^'^ ^'^^^ ot hope that win. .,1 . ^J^hipou and prosDopt nf i.o • . . ^ '' "'*''»se ves bofni-n P.W..1- I '^ancton At the genci-al njcetlMi.- of Hi-nn* ''«'ti on the 1 5th, John Wn "'"''''« apJ'ointed fo- the ion. nC n . ""'"™' '^"i-. - o,„„.eu to „o c. a!i7~;;t'':f ill SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 27 the year by thj eral meeting of ubiio notice, for Hon. II. Hatch stary. Tlie i'ol- ■ T>., JoJm Wil- . F. Campbell, , Jas. McCann, Rooms, when hould be noti- ^v.»uId ho Jicld ting By-Laws, 3r, of persons 'id the sum of le taken when •y, and a gen- 'iie stock had it was to be iiicc, or olse- sq., acted as [attended by selves satis- tablo to the ■•^tjiort and i-^( amount- ' Carlotou wilh a fair "■<'niiired. icement of with thia to Wood- 'd by the istruction [nbor, but Isident of I The Directors, at a subsequent meeting held on the 1 7th March, 1 847, re- solved that Captain J. Robinson, R. N., and Moses IF. Perley, Esc, of St. John, be appointed joint agents of the Company to proceed to England to effect a loan from her Majesty's Government, or from individuals, to the extent of ,£300,000 sterling, upon the security of the Company, payable in a term of years with inter- est, and also to dispose of shares to the amount of £300,000 currency, and to issue scrip therefor on a deposit of ten per cent, being paid ; also to assign to tho ])urcliasers of shares in England the Provincial guarantee of five per cent, to the extent of ,£100,000 currency. G-. F. Campbell, Esq., Acting Secretary. M. H. Perley, Esq., having been written to on the subject of his mission to England, and the terms upon which he would proceed thither, replied to the B»ard on the 18th, stating that he would give his services for the sum of two hundred pounds currency, and if he succeeded in accomplishing the sale of shares, or raising a loan of £100,000, the Company were to pay him an additional sum of two hundred pounds ; and should the sum of £200,000 be raised in England, he would expect a further sum of one hundred pounds. Upon these terras his ser- vices were accepted by the Board of Directors. Messrs. Robinson and Perley took their departure for England early in April, and on the 3rd May reported progress. They had been in constant com- munication with various parties, and but for the extraordinary and unprecedented state of the money market, they would have had a very satisfactory account to give of their stewardship. The Facility Bill had been referred to the Colonial Land and Emigi-ation Commissioners, who had reported favorably, and Earl Grey had informed the agents that he therefore saw no objection to the royal assent being given to the Bill. His Lordship, however, and the Government repudiated all idea of assisting Colonial railways by loan or otherwise. At the opening of the Session it had been the intention of the Ministry to have done so, but political reasons obliged them to abandon it. Money could therefore bo only raised by selling shares. Earl Grey had expressed his entire approbation of "Wooden Railways" to commence with in New Brunswick, guide wheels (Prosser's prin- ciple) being used, as also Payne's process for preserving wood. His Lordship had witnessed both, and a])pi'ove(l of both. The proposal of the St. Andrews Company to commence in this economical manner ho thought most prudent and judicious, and further said, (at which the reader must not smile now-a-days) that if the Trunk line from Halifax to Quebec should be undertaken, he woidd oppose the construction of an ex[)ensive iron-railway in the first instance, as it would be absurd to incur such an outlay through a wilderness and unsettled country, where wood could be had for nothing, and when worn out so easily replaced. Sir Howard Douglas had tetulered the agents every assistance in his power ; they had also seen Mr. (}eo. Pemborton, but he, like all the city people, had given them great discouragement ; they were moro likely to succeed with persons not in IIP 28 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. business ; they would, however, be able to ascertain their chances of final success by the next mail packet. A " Board of Correspondence " was at this time established in London through the exertions of the agents, and of the following gentlemen : Thomas Neville Abdy, James Clay, George Pemberton, Wm. Tinker, Esqrs., Solicitors ; Messrs. Groodwin, Partridge, Williams and Edwards, Westminister ; Messrs. Rooper, Birch and Ingi'am, London. The above names appeared, in conjunction with those of the Colonial Direc- tory, in the front page of a prospectus that was tlien issued by the agents, and from which a few extracts are taken : " The permanent way will be formed entirely of wood, according to the plan adopted with so " much success in the United States." , " The capital required for the construction of the railroad from St. Andrews to Woodstock, " and the purchase of the plant necessary for efficiently working it, is £100,000." " The estimates have been prepared by civil engineers in tlie Crown Land Department of Now •' Brunswick, and have been adopted by the Legislature of that Province." " The capital has been divided into 8000 shares of £20 each, of which number 2, ,500 have been " already subscribed for in New Brunswick, and 1,500 will be set apart for future allocation to re- " sidents in that Province. It is proposed to allot the remaining 4,000 to responsible parties in " Great Britain, to whom exclusively will be reserved the benefit of the guaranteed minimum divi- " dend of £6 per cent." " It is expected that the line will be opened for traffic in the summer of 1849, ( !) and until " the opening, interest at £5 per cent, per annum will be paid on the deposit and calls. This inter- " est and the future dividends on the shares will be paid half-yearly at the Company's Offices, " London." " A deposit of £2 per share will be payable on allotment. No further call will be payable for " six months. No call will exceed £2 per share, and there will be an interval of at least two months " between each call." This prospectus next went on to inform the public that the through traffic, known from authentic sources, would pay upwards of 20 per cent, on the capital. That the country abounded with coal fields and rich minerals of various kinds, and that a Company had been formed to open and work the iron mines at Wood- stock, the ore of which was of a very superior character. The following " Statement of Actual Existing Traffic" was inserted. TUAPFIC FROM ST. ANDUEW8 TO WOODSTOCK. Flour and Salted Provisions, 100,000 brls. at 2s. Gd. per brl., £12,500 West India Produce, 20,000 brls. at 2s. Ch\. per brl., 2,500 British Merchandise, 20,000 brls. at 2s. Gd. per brl., 2,500 Passengers, CO per day, for 310 days, at 10s. each, 9,300 £26,800 •I SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 29 ' final success ft in London inker, Esqrs., Westminister ; )loniaI Direc- 5 agents, and vdopted with so to Woodstock, artment of New 1,500 have been illoeation to re- isible parties in minimum divi- >, (!) and until Is. This intcr- ipany's Offices, [ be payable for sast two months ough traffic, L tlic capital, irious kinds, es at Wood- i3d. £12,500 2,500 2,500 9,300 E26,800 BroxKjht forward, £2G,800. TUAFFIC FROM WOODSTOCK TO ST. ANDREWS. Timber, Deals, Boards, «Scc., equal to 50,000 tous, at 7s. 6d. per ton, . £18,750 Agricultural Produce, > 1,500 Passengers, CO per day for 310 days, at 10s. each, 9,300 £5(i,350 CURRENT EXPENSES. Deduct expenses of working the line, repairs, &c., (say 40 per cent,) £22,540 Net Profit, £33,810 Being equal to 20 per cent, on a capital of £160,000. The following letter was also attached : " Downing Stbeet, Slst May, 1847. " Gentlemen, — I am directed by Earl Grey to acknowledge the receipt of your letter, dated " 18t:h inst., in which you bring under liis Lordship's notice the condition and prospects of the Coni- ♦' pany which has been formed in New Brunswick for constructing a line of railroad between Saint *' Andrews and Woodstock, as part of a more extended line to Quebec; and I am to express to you " in answer, the sense entertained by liis Lordship of the extreme importance of the proposed un- " dertaking, wliich his Lordship trusts may prove as beneficial to the promoters as it must to tlu; " Pro\'ince of New Brunswick, upon whicli it is calculated to confer groat and important advan- " tages. I am to add that the Act for facilitating tlie construction of the Railway has been con- " firmed by the Queen in Council. CxPT. J. Robinson, R. N., > M. H. Perley, Esq. $ [Signed.] B. Hawes." These gentlemen having succeeded in disposing of a number of shares in England, a Company was there formed, and a Board of Management chosen, which being accomplished, the next step taken was the entering into an agreement made the 15th day of July, 1847, betAveen the "St. Andrews and Quebec Rail- road Company" of the first part ; the sevcrnl persons whose names and seals were affixed, of the second part ; Peter Samuel Fryc, of Chcapside, and William White, of King's Lynn, gentlemen, (Trustees of the parties of the second part) of the third part, and Frederick Robert Partridge, and Henry Edwards, both of King's Lynn, Trustees of the said Company, of the fourth pai't. It was therein agreed that the capital stock of the said Company should be divided uito two classes, " Class A," consisting of 4,000 shares, to parties not being on the Conti- nent of North America, and " Class B," consisting also of 4,000 shares, belonging to parties resident in New Briniswick, or elsewhere on the Continent of North America. Scrip certificates to be issued to Class A shareholders on payment of the deposit of £2 sterling i)er share, being equal to £2 1 Os. per share currcn(;y. Interest after the rate of £5 ))cr cent, per annum, to be paid by the Company to the proprietors of shares in Class A until the completion of the road from St. Andrews to Woodstock. During tlie first ten years after completion, the clear profits arising from the traffic of mercliandize and passengers, together with such ■a* .30 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. suras of money as mic^ht be received from the Le^^islature of New Crunswick, to be applied in paying to the Class A shareholders a dividend of five per cent, per annum on the capital subscribed for by them ; a like dividend of five per cent, to be paid to the Class B. shareholders, and any residue capital to be divided amongst all the shareholders proportionately ; the Class A in all cases not to re- ceive less than five per cent, dividend for a period of ten years after opening of road for traffic. After the expiration of this period, the clear profits arising fr<5m the road to be divided amongst all the shareholders without any preference to Class A. The Company to be represented by twenty Directors, thirteen in New Bi-uns- wick, and seven in England ; the first general meeting of Class A. shareheldcrs to bo held on the first Tuesday in May, 1848, and all subsequent general meetings on the same day in each succeeding year, thirty day's public notice being given. No call should be made on the Class A shareholders before 1st day of January, 1848. In the event of the 4,000 Class A shares not being fully subscribed for before this period, such of the Class A who desired it Avould have tlieir deposit money returned without any deductions, but without any interest, aad shall have no further interest whatever in the Company. And in case default should be made by the Company in fulfilling the agreement, then the parties of the second part were to be fully released from their covenant, and from all actions, suits, claims, and demands whatsoever. The agents had also succeeded in obtaining the Earl Fitzwilliam's sanction to become a member of the London Board of Correspondence, as also Capt. John Milligan Laws, R. N. Mr. Perley returned to New Brunswick early in July, leaving his colleague behind to act for the Company alone. Captain Robinson succeeded in his solicitation to Lord Ashburton to become a Director, and the fol- lowing is a copy of his Lordship's letter to him in reply : " PiccADiLY, 25th June, 1847. *' Siu, — In reply to your note, I heg to say that I will take with pleasure a small interest of " (£500) five hundred pounds in the St. Andrews and Woodstock Railroad Company. I am get- " ting too old for any extensive adventures of this or any other kind, but I feel so strongly inter- " ested in the settling of your fine Colony that I am tempted to take this trifling investment in a " useful undertaking connected with it. " I congratulate you on having Lord Fitzwilliam to place his name at the head of your Lon- " don subscribers. You coula not possibly appear before the public more advantageously than you " are." The President of the Colonial Board of Directors received a letter from the Secretary of the London Board, Win. Bridges, Esq., on 3rd August, enclosing some resolutions of the Board, and also a list of allotments, which comprised 39 names, representing 1,240 shares, or ,£24,800 sterling. In addition to the noble- men already mentioned. Viscount Bury's name appeared on this list for 200 shares. More than 4,000 shares had been applied for, but the Board had re- vised the list to the above number of truly responsible persons. Hoij I ligal Rail! And ton, in L| was Loiul that .com[i i SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 31 riinswick, to )er cent, per per cent, to be divided QS not to re- ler opening ofits arising T preference New Bruns- I'eheldcrs to 'al meetings •eing given. of January, scribed for icir deposit shall have should be the second tions, suits, I's sanction Capt. John y in July, Robinson nd the fol- iine, 1847. interest of I am get- ngly inter- ment in a your Lon- y tlian you from the inclosing »rised 39 10 noble- for 200 had rc- The London Board at this time consisted of the following gentlemen : — Right Hon. the Earl Pitzwilliara, President; Right lion, the Lord Ashburton, John Mil- ligan Laws, Captain R. N., Hon. Geo. Pemberton, (formerly of Quebec) William D. Paget, Captain R. N., Gleo. Burge, Esq., Cliairman Home Bay and Canterbury Railway, witli power to add to their number. A public mooting of the Railroad Company was held in the Town Hall, Si. Andrews, on the 2 1st August, Geo. F. Campbell, Escj., in the Chair. Rol)t. Wal- ton, Escj., Secretary, read the official correspondence from the indefatigable agent in London, and also from the Secretary of the London Board. A vote of thanks I was passed to Captain Robinson and M. H. Perley, Esqr., for their exertions in I London in promoting the interests of the Company, and a resolution, to the effect [that operations should be commenced with the least possible delay, and that a [Competent engineer be immediately engaged. Accordingly, during the early part of the following month a Mr. Lawrie, [Civil Engineer, arrived from Boston, who was instructeil to go over the line, with such assistance as he might require, and prepare the necessary estimates for ex- Itensive operations ; more particularity of that portion between St. Andrews and [Waweig, from actual survey, including the most eligible approach into the town, [and to rej)ort upon the same. The Directors again met on the 25th October. A report fi'om Mr. Lawrie [was submitted, whereupon it was resolved, that after due consideration of the [diflercnt routes shown on Mr. Lawrie's plan, and alluded to in his report, that the |route (No. 1) by the eastern shore of Cliamcook and Katy's Cove should be adop- 3d as the best approach to the town, it being the shortest, easiest, and most Ipracticable. It was further resolved, that inasmuch, as =£50,000 stock had been subscribed, md the Engineer's report received and ado|)ted, that he be directed to proceed nth the work that Fall, and that a Conmiittee of Directors, then chosen, viz., — Ion. H. Hatch, John Wilson, Robert Walton, and W. Hateli, invite tenders from )arties for a commencement. Hon. Captain W, F. Owen and Captain Shortland, R. N., on proceeding to ii]ngland, were a])pointed a dc})utalion to confer with the London Board of Direc- tors. The position of the Company's financial affairs at this period stood thus : STATEMENT OF RAILROAD STOCK, OCTOBER 25th, 1847. [bKING a TUUE COI'Y.] Actual subscriptions on different lists to date, £35,025 Cash C. C. Bank, iucludiiig note, £5,048 Deducting Note for £3,000 £2,048 Sundry amounts drawn out, 1,060 18 4 Cash Credit, 25tli October, £987 1 8 32 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. lirouyht forward, . . . . OTHER SUBSEQUENT PAYMENTS, Mr. Lawric's ao. Uy or. of Board, Nov. 13, £245 17 Mr. Mahood's do. do... 25 13 Bill of Exchange to London Board, do... 366 13 Sundry Accounts, do. Dec. 22,.... 120 14 £987 1 8 1 2 4 6 / Cash Credit, Dec. 3 1st,. 758 18 1 £228 3 7 The work of •^radinj^ had been commenced by day laborers, in November. f>;ronnd having been then first broken in the rear of the town on the farms ol Thos. Wycr and Henry O'Niiill. Proposals were also pnblicly invited for the eartliwork, masonry, and bridging on the first four miles to Chamcook, which was let out by contract, and the sum of £74 15s. had been expended upon construc- tion to 22nd January, 1848.^^ In confirmation, as it were, of the above financial statement, the Secretary of the Colonial Boarti wrote to the Secretary of the London Board in December, 1847, enclosing letters from ^^r. Jolin Wilson, President, to Lord Ashburton, the Marqnis of Clanricarde, (Postmaster General) and tlie Earl Fitzwilliam, which, after perusal, the London Secretary was to forward under cover; it was to be hoped they would produce some good results, " for unless we get assistance from the Government, or the stockholders in England, the work now going on must be suspended after the ten per cent, is expended, for we are too poor to carry out tliis gi'cat work without aid." Prom the above extract it would appear that the " Class B'' Directors had then almost despaii'cd of collecting more than ten per cent, of the stock subscribed by residents on the continent of Nortli America. Notwithstanding the apparent paucity of funds at tlie disposal of tlie Company, the sanguine President, iu his let- ter to the Marquis of Clanricarde, Avrote thus : " I am authorized by the Company at once to enter into negotiations witli your Lordship for ' ' the conveyance of the mails direct from Halifax to Quebec upon the route above mentioned. We " confidently anticipate having the railroad to Woodstock in operation in 1850, and could carry the " mails after that period in 15 hours less time." To tlie Earl Fitzwilliam, the President wrote as follows : " I beg particularly to call your Lordship's attention to the transmission qf her Majesty's mail, " of late forwarded from Halifax and Canada through the United States, via Boston, estimated at " the following expense per aunum: — Halifax to Boston, £lo,000, thence to Canada line, £40,000; '• and I would here take the liberty of suggesting that should the Government insure a remuner- " ative sum to our Company for the transmission via Annapolis, Digby, St. Andrews, and Grand '• Falls to Quebec, the Company could upon such encouragement proceed at once to the comple- ■' tion of the road. ♦ * * Foreseeing these consequences, we have petitioned her Majesty and " the Hon. IIouso of Parliament to loan the Company the sum of fifty thousand pounds, to be re- " paid by the transmission of her Majesty's mails, security to be given on the Company's lands and " railway, or in such otlier way as Government may think proper." SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 33 87 1 8 58 18 1 28 3 7 n November, the farms of vitcd I'or the )k, which wa>^ 3011 coiistruc- 1 Secretary of in December, shburton, tlie illiam, wliich, it was to 1(0 sistauce from o; on must be to carry out )irectors hail c subscribed the apparent nt, in his let- ir Lordship for lontioncnl. Wo •oulil carry the M.ijesty's mail, n, estimated at line, £40,000; urc a remuner- ws, and Grand to tlie comple- sr Majesty and unds, to be rc- ny's lands and I' It may here be casually mentioned that dnriiia; a period of seventeen years, terminating with 1 847, 5,000 miles of railroad hail been constructed in the United States, at an atrirregato cost of $126,000,000, being equal to an average of $25,200 per mile. According to this amount it is not at all probable that •' Wooden Railways" were much in vogue. The London Board of Correspondence held a meeting on the 13th January, 1848, and resolved, that on account of the state of the money market, railway companies were obliged to issue referential shares at a high rate of interest, and the public would not embark in the Colonial undertaking without pcriiianent guar- antees Vicing awarded, that a referential dividend of seven jier cent, should bo guaranteed in perpetuity to the Class A shareholders. Tliat tlie Provincial Legislature should be induced to extend the period of their ])rescnt guarantee from ten to twenty-five years, and allot to the Company twice the (piantity of land in four portions, and given as fourth ])arts of the lino were opened. That all the information afforded by the Colonial Directors, show- ing that '' a net profit of upwards of twenty per cent." per annum might reason- ably be anticipated, there could be no risk or prospect of charge on the Colonial funds in giving this guarantee ; and as six per cent, guaranteed stock of the best security in England could then be bought at par, there was no hope of raising capital under offers less tempting. These resolutions were printed, and a copy sent to each shareholder, with a (;ircular ofTering the option of withdrawal, which was taken advantage of to a cer- tain extent. During the March Session of the New Brunswick Legislature, the Railway Committee of the House recommended an issue of Provincial Scrip to the extent of £50,000, redeemable in forty years, upon the stock, amounting to ,£150,000 bi'ing paid in. Tiic Province also to guarantee six [ler cent, for 25 years on £100,000. The Committee also recommended a grant of 40,000 acres of land to the Company in alternate blocks. On the 24tli April the Legislature and Council passed the Facility Bill grant- ing the above guarantee, and 20,000 acres in alternate blocks. Mr. Benjamin Sliarpe, who had been interesting himself in behalf of the Com- pany since the formation of the Board of Correspondence in London, was now ap- pointed to act as the Company's Attorney and Managing Director, to sell and dis- pose of the shares to the number stipulated in the agreement, before mentioned, and to give pro{)er receipts therefor, and also to guarantee to the Class A stock- holders a dividend of one iier cent, in perpetuity on X100,000, with many other important duties. The regular meeting of Directors was held in May ; John Wilson, Esq., was again chosen President, and Samuel H. Whitlock, Esq., aj (pointed Secretary of u SAINT ANDREWS AND QURRKC RAILWAY. the Company so loni? as his services might be required, with the distinct under- standing that should funds bo raised in England and the work progress, the Di- rectors would provid) for a fair remuneration. Hon. Harris Hutch, John Wilson and Geo. F. Campbell, Esqrs., were ap- pointed the Acting Committee, and due notice was to be publicly given to the de- lincjuont stockholders, that unless their ten per cent, was paid up within thirty days from date, that tley would be severally sued for the same. / Earl Fitzwilliam had made a proposition on 12th ifay to the London Board to send out to tht? ]*ro\ince one hundred al)le bodied laboroi-s from his Wicklow estates in Ireland, and in ord»!i'thiit the men might obtain work upon the railroad, and 1)0 subjected to no disappointment on their arrival, he placed the sum of one thousand pounds to the credit of the Company to pay their wages, at the rate of two shillings a day, for so long as it would last, probably si.xteen weeks, for which the Company were to credit his Lordship in stock. This pi-oposal having been accepted, the noble one hundred left in the ship "Star" on the 17th April. The Directors had wooden shanties built for their reception.^/ The " Standard" of the 14th June thus alluded to the advent of these emi- grants : " The Cdmpany cannot appreciate too highly the interest displayed by Earl Fitzvvilliani since " he became !(, Director of the Li)ndon Board, and the advantaj^es they liave derived from tlio sanc- *' tlon of his iistinguislied name, and we have every confidence tliat tiie humane precedent of the •' noble Earl yill lead to a wide and extensive scale of emigration." An ar -icle appeared iit the London " Railway Record " during the month of June, on the subject of " British Railway Junction of the Canadas and the Atlan- tic." One or two extracts a "e worthy of a place, as having a Ijcaring on the ques- tion of extension of the St. Andrews Railway for inter-colonial purposes, as being warmly discussed at the pre^icnt time : " We point to the St. Andrews Railway, not simply because it is tlie first organized undertak- " ing of the nort in those possessioiis, but because it is destinud to be, on the one hand, by a simple " extension tlie Great Trunk Line of continuous railway communication between the Canadis and " the nearest ports of all America to Great Britain (^we mean Halifax and Whitehaven), and on the " other hand it is in itself calculatee materially to promote tlie settlement of the Provinces, vo ce- " ment a friendly connection with the United States, and, in an cispeciiil manner, and more imme- " diately, to restore commercial prosperity to the unfortunate West Indies." " The British Government during the last three years have expended £12,000 in explorii\g a " route for a continuous raihvr.y fron Halifax to Quebec. A direct lino throuj^h the centre of New •' Brunswick was found iinpnicticab'e, and is given up on all hands. Two alternatives presented " themselves, a most circuitous line by the extreme north-eastern boundary of New Brunswick, cx- *' posed to all the cold winds and sno\r-drift3 of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and demanding upwar>ls " of 700 miles of new railway, or the extension of the St. Andrews and Quebec line (which that " Company have legal power to make) through St. John, and along the western side of the Bay of " Fundy by tlie Bend of tin- I'etitcodis.c to Halifax and Wiiitehaven : a line in its total length abso- " lutely shorter than the one just described, and being the prolongation of a lino Hrhicli an Incor- " porated Company has actually undertaken, involving of new railway not more than half of that " distance." •' cl 'I'l-I SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 35 distinct under- 3gro3g, the Di- iqrs., were ap- iveii to tfie do- witliiu thirty ^jondon Board 1 his Wicklow 1 the railroad, 10 sum of Olio at the rate of ulvs, To I- which 1 having been 1 April. The of these emi- itz William since 1 from the sano- recjdeiit of the the month of d the Atlan- on the ques- ses, as being zed undertiik- d, by a simple i Canadis and n), and on the ovinces, \o ce- d more Inime- in exploring a entre of New ives presented runswick, cx- idinj^ upwarls e (which thiu of the Bay of 1 length abso ■ licli an Incor- 1 half of that " The town of St. Andrews is the terminal port of tlie Ashburton boundiiry line of the United " States ; and the capitalists of the States propose to meet the Company on the opposite side of the " St. Croix, at Calais, by an extension of the New York and Boston lin'.>s, and also in connection " with the Provinces to establish a complete line of Fllectric Teli^graph from Halifax to New Or- *' leans, a distance of 2,500 miles. As a mearss, therefore, of cementinjj '.he friendly and commer- " cial intercourse with the States, the formation of a railway close to the boundary is full of politi- " cal importance; and it is at the same time obviously the most efficient preventive of war, seeini; '• that the destruction of a vast commercial connexion for the sake of an ' annexation,"' or any other " wild scheme of diplomacy or ambition, is one c/ the last contingencies to be apprehended on the *' part of the wide awake citizens of the Republic." On the 14th September a deputation from tlie London Board, consisting of .lolni AViljjon and Benjamin Sharpe, Esqrs., had an interview with Lord Grey, the object of which may be gathered from the following letter from his Lordship, ad- dressed to Mr. Bridges, the Secretary : " DowNiNO Street, 18th September, 1848. " Sir, — Referring to what passed at the interview which Lord Grey grantt d to the deputation '' from the Hoard of Directors of the St. Andrews .and Quebec ilailroad on the Mtli inst., I am di- " rected by his Lordship to inform you that whilst it is out of the power of her M oesty's Govern- " ment, without the authority of Parliament, to grant to the promoters of that und ' ''iir any pe- " cuniary assistance, cither directly or indirectly, and although his Lordship can.ic uirage tlie " expectation that even when Parliament re-assembles her M.ajesty's Government v '\'el them- '• selves justified in recommending that such assistjince should be granted, since b^ ,ing so, ap- " plications of the same n.ature from the various British Colonies would be encouraged to an indefl- ♦' nite amount, he has great pleasure in so far complying with the request made to liim by the depu- " tation as to communicate to you in writing the opinion he has formed of the undertaking. I am " accordingly directed to inform you that in Lord Grey's judgment the projected railway has been " judiciously planned, and is likely, if completed, to prove of great national impo rtance, and also " that there appears to him to be no reasonable ground for doubting that the resources of New " Brunswick are far more than sufficient to enable that Province to fulfil the guarantee given by the " Legislature, and the people of the Province will respect the engagements into n-hich they have " entered. Lord Grey considers the inhabitants of British America to be entitled by all their past *' conduct to be relied upon for a punctual discharge of the obligations whi(;h they have contracted. '" Tills must, however, be regarded merely as an expression of Lord Grey's opinion, and it nmst be *' distinctly understood by tiiose persons in this country who may take shares in this undertaking " that her Majesty's Government cannot become in any degree responsible for the fulfilment of the " expectations by which they have been induced to do so. " (Signed.) IIf.rman Mkrivale." At this period we learn from a Halifax journal that the surveying party which had been sent out by the Bi-itish Government to explore the route for the Halifax and Quebec Railway had completed their labors, aii'l were about to re- turn to England. This survey had been conducted by Captains Robinson and Henderson of the Royal Engineers. The St. John " New Bnniswicker" of Nov. 9th contained the following notice of the St. Andrews and Quebec Railway, ainiouncing au important change in the superstructure of the road : " Wc are happy to hear that the London shareholders in this Company are paying up their " shares very promptly, and that the St. Andrews Board has already received authority to draw for 36 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. iitHI i9l!L f^li " a considerable sum, in order to prosecute tlie works this coming winter. We observe by tlio " London ' Railway Record ' that the London Board, in consideration of tlie improved aspect of *' their affairs, lias resolved that the railway shall be of iron instead of wood, and has advertised for " 300 tons of railroad iron of the pattern called the ♦ at-rail,' of not less than 40 lbs. weiglit per " yard." The following is a copy of the advortisement which appeared in the "Rail- way Record " of October 14 : Saint Andrews and Qukuec Railuoad Companv. — Tenders for 300 tons of Bridge or Hat- rails, new or second-haiid, in good order, weight not exceeding 40 lbs. to the yard, will be received at this office on or before Wednesday, the 1st of November. The tenders must state the shipping port of delivery. 37 Walbrook. By Order, (Signed.) W. Bridgks, Secretary. One would naturally imagine from the foregoing tliat tlie affairs of the Com- pany had taken a turn for the better, tliat money was more plentiful, when iron rails were to be substituted for wooden ; and yet, strange as it may seem, Mi-. Wilson submitted propositions to the London Board, at a meeting on the 22nd October, that in consequence of the great depression in trade, and the small pro- bability of selling the balance of the Class A shares, first, to dispense with the services of the London Secretary, second, to close the offices of the London Roard, t.ard, to settle up all accounts, and take charge of all the books, &c., and fourth, to appoint a committee to open all letters and reply to them for a time, until an Office and Secretary should again be reoard on the 3rd September, the Secretary was ordered to address a letter to the London Board, approving of the negotiations being made by Capt. J. Robinson and the stockholders in England, for raising funds, and sending an engineer to the Province. Fielding Neale, Esq., Civil Engineer, having arrived from England, (with live assistants, viz., Messrs. Fosdick, Sewall, Doane, Turner, and Croasdale) at- tended a meeting of the Board on the 1st October, and presented his agreement and testimonials. It having been ^ound inconvenient for a Committee of Directors to control the work of construction, and the direction of the engineering, the President was appointed to superintend the entire machinery, and to consult and direct the En- gineer, and all persons employed on the road. The Iilngincer accordingly received instructions to make a survey and esti- mate of the road as far as " Soldiers Brook," at Waweig (12 miles), to enable the Board to contract for the same and advertise for tenders. Notice should not be here omitted of a public railroad meeting of the iiihalu- tants of Woodstock and vicinity, held at the Hall of the Mechanics' Institute in Woodstock, on l.'Jtli October, at which upwards of 300 persona were present. The High Sherilf, J. F. Winslow, Esq., occupied the Chair, and A. K. S. Wetmore, Esq., acted as Secretary. The Hon. Jlarris Hatch and John Wilson, Esq., of the Directory, were also present, and addressed the meeting, and communicated grati- fying intelligence from the London Hoard, relative to the grand project. It was resolved, that on account of the great zeal and confidence evinced in the unilertaking by the London IJoard in furnishing the necessary funds and send- ing out an engineer of scientific attainineiits, that the work should be commenced forthwith in taking levels and sections, and cutting out the wood and brush, "- Street and ter- itractors. The P^iclding Neale, Board (haviiiii- Secretary, j)ro- 1st Decembej-, 856 8 11 907 11 949 8 18tli Januar}', portaiice of a iportiiit^ such that the Saint e to the Pro- that section ; icaboard, and a Coram ittce nerson, V. K. ^miroiiux, W. That the ail road from rip^ht of way Province. Wr tlie grub- I'om St. An- )r the whoh) l)i(klers, and the tender of Messrs. John G. Myers, Lawrence Myers Bros., was accepted. The schedule of prices sot forth bridge masonry at !^4.75 per cubic yard; culvert ma- sonry $2 per cubic yard ; earth excavation 26 cents per cubic yard, and rock ex- cavation $1.26 per cubic yard. They also proposed to l)uild 40 miles of the road, commencing at St. Andrews, and using the same weight of rail, furnish their own engineer, and all materials, and be at the whole expense of grading and putting the road in nnining order, for the sum of eigl:*^eon thousand five hundred dollars per mile, and if their yu'oposal was accepted they would take $75,000 stock. [On the 4th April Alex. L. Light, C. K., joined the Chief Engineer's staff.] The Directors had decided upon the following mode of payment for the cou- ii-acts on the first 25 miles. One fourtli to be paid when half the work was com- pleted and accepted by Chief Engineer; one fourth when three fourths wore coni- [)letod, and accepted; and the balance on the full completion of the work; half of this balance to ])e taken in stock. Messrs. Myers' contract with the Company was signed and sealed on the 15th April, for the grading of the first ten miles from St. Andrews, which, so far as the line had then be^i located, proved to be the most expensive section. The financial position of the Company on the 1st May stood thus: Total amount of rcoeipts, iuclutling tlio^u from F^nglaml,. .. , £9,506 11 4 Do. of expenditure, preliminary, construction, sun- dries, , 8,494 6 1 Balance on hand, £1 ,012 3 During this month the Messrs. Myers, contractors, arrived from Portland, State of Maine, with the greater part of their " Plant," and made active prepara- tions for a commencement. The Surveys had reached the Howard Settlement (65 miles), and three of the Engineering Stafi' were dismissed. Mr. Light i-emained as Assistant on the 10 mile section. On the 18th June the Board of Directors made a conditional contract with the Messrs. Myers to build the entire line to Woodstock, which was to l)e completed in eighteen months (/) from date, for the s\nn of ten thousand dollars per mile, or £2,000 sterling, conij)rising the following mentioned work: The entire exca- vation of earth and rock, embankments, bridges, culverts, piling, grui)l)ing, laying down the continuous wooden rail sills, and iron track thereon; slopes, slides, and all subside'.;(M?s ; also to provide the engineering, and put the road in complete running order, and to b(> aeoeptiilile to the (/Ompany's consulting Engineer, A. C. Morton, Ksq., of the Portland and Montreal Railroad; the Company to retain Mr. Light and Mr. [lanson on their part, the contractors paying their salaries ! The Company to provide the iron rails, deliverer' on a wliarf at St. Andrews, and all the necessary rolling stock required by the contractors. The foregoing in- 40 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. ji!!i.||!) i i'ii' I I nr eluded also the contract for the first 10 miles, which would be cancelled in case of the acceptance of the second offer. It will be remembered tliat the Messrs. Myers had made a previous offer for the whole work on the first 40 miles of the road, at the rate of eighteen thousand five hundred dollars per mile, consequently they reduced this amount eight thous- and five hundred dollars per mile in view of getting upwards of 40 additional miles to build, and the Company providing the iron superstructure. The surveys liad now been commenced at the Woodstock end of the road, from " Richmond Cornei','' .situated aboi;;t six miles to the Avestward of the town of Woodstock, on the high road to Houlton in the State of Maine; and from thence continued to the Howard Settlement connecting with the previous survey to that place. Mr. Fielding Nealc joined this party and superintended the location of the line conducted by Mr. Foi^dick. The consulting Engineer furnished the Board with the following estimate of the Iron and Rolling Stock, assuming 30 lbs. per yard for rails, on a total dis- tance of 80 miles : * Four thousand tons iron rails, &c., delivered at Saint An- drews, at $30, $120,000 Two locomotives of equal size as tlie one already bought, at $5000, 10,000 Two passenger cars, at $1,500, 3,000 Twenty heavy goods cars, at $400, 8,000 Twenty fine do., at $500, 10,000 Two turn-tables, at $1,500, 3,000 Four water-pumps, at $500, 2,000 Static and engine-house at St. Andrews, , 4,000 Station-house " at Woodstock, 3,000 Intermediate sheds at stopping placer 2,000 Fencing, in all, 1 G,000 $181,000 Average per mile for 80 miles, 2,250 Messrs. Myers' proposal for grading and construction, 10,000 Cost per mile, $1 2,250 lu sterling, say £2,450 The Grroiit Portland Railway Convention was held on the 3 1st July, the ob- ject of which was to carry out a continuous line of railway from Halifax via St. John and St. Andrews Railway through the State of Maine to join the American Lines at Portland. Captain Robinson, R. N., and Joliu Wilson, Esq., represented the St. Arulrows and Quebec Railroad interest at this memorable couvcntion. ♦ Rttlls could be purciiasct^ in KtiK'land at thi« time for £5 per ton. SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY 41 illctl in case of vious offer for itcon thousand nt eight thous- 40 additional d of the road, ^f the town of :1 from thence survey to that lie location of ig estimate of jn a total dis- $120,000 10,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 3,000 2,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1G,000 181,000 2,250 10,000 M2,'2.50 £2,450 illy, the oh- ifax via St. American cpi-escnted convention. Captain Robinson, afterwards, in August, proceeded to England as an agent for tlie Board, with full power of Attorney to act as such. Daring this montli of August, the first grant of 10,000 acres from the (rovernment under the Facility Bill was conferred upon the Company, and was afterwards conveyed to Benjamin Sharpe, ifanaging Director at London, for the benefit of the Class A shareholders. J. W. Byrne, Esq., had entered the i^rvico of the London Board as Secretary and successor to Julius Thompson, Esq., who was then under orders to proceed to the Colony as Manager of the llailroad. Upon his arrival he presented him- self to the Board, with his credentials, at their meeting on the 20th November, at which Captain Rt^blnson was also present, and made a lengthened statement of the result of his mission to England. The resolution of the Board, passed 17th November, 1 849, appointing the President as Manager, was rescinded ; and the business of ti.o Board was con- tinued next day. when a letter was submitted from the Messrs. Myers, contractors, reciucsting an advance of $2,000. The Secretary was ordered to state in reply that the Directors did not feel justilied in complying therewith, the contractors having already overdrawn their account to the extent of X800 I About this time. Fielding Ncale, Chief Engineer, having resigned on account of some misundei'standing with the President, Alex. L, Light was appointed to act as Chief Engineer in his stead. It was the declared wisli of this gentleman that another consulting Engineer should be appointed, the Ijondon Board having ob- jected to Mr. Morton ; the Local Board, alter due enquiry, appointed A. P. Robin- son, Esq., C. E. of Portland, Maine. Manag(U- Tiionipson wrote thus of this gen- tleman to the London Secretary in December : " Mr. llobinson l)oars a very \\\^\\ reputution for ability in the State of Maine, and is without " doubt a very clever Engineer. I am (juitc certain tiiat his calculation of a saving of $40,000 in " the mere grading of tiic lino from Hartlctt's Pond to the N. W. I)rancli where the Frcdoricton " Uoad crosses, will lie easily made by adopting his proposed alteration. I have nottiic least doubt. " that we siiall derive most valuable assistance from Afr. Robinson's occasional visits." Mr. George Wightmau was appointed under Mr. Light to take the levels over the line of proposed altei-ation, and the plan and profile were; accordingly altered. At this period a conti-act had l)ei'n arranged for laying the wood super- structure as far as Chamcook. .0 miles, a cargo of iron i-ails having left England on the 23rd November, so that the road would bo completcid this distance, and a locomotive running before the opening of the Legislature, and be of service in ob- taining further grants of land, as well as in passing the projuised Scrip Bill for .£50,000. Petitions for which were signed by the Clas.s A sharciholders, includ ing llieii- Board of Directors, as well as by tlu Local Directors and Class B. shareholders. Si ■!lilP 12 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAV. 4 The linancial position of the Company at tlie end of this year (1850) is thus represented : Total ExjKuditure, £22,447 4 " Receipts, chiefly I'ronx England, 19,321 15 Balance against Company, £3,125 9 9 On March 1 1th, 1851, the banjue •' Avon," from Newport, arrived with a lo- oonnjtive and tender, and the first carg'o of rails. The k^comotive was named •• The Pioneer." On the 27th March the Coinj)any issued a notice to contractoi's for the ac- ceptance of tenders until 1st ilay, for ; .'VJ miles of the road, commencing from the end of the first 10 mile contract, about 18 tenders were received for various sections, stating prices per cubic yard, but none were then accepted, for the Facility IJill having passed both branches of the Legislature, Manager Thomp- jion was sent to England to negotiate with the liondon Hoard, and it was then an- ticipated that a contract would l)e arranged in l<]ngland fi)r the construction of the road to Woodstock. During the month of April tltn siHiond cargo of rails arriv0 yearsi. ition of their to March, as 7 10 7 8 11 H 5 2 14 9 The cxpeaditure*in thu Province to June lat was, — Upon actual construction of the works, currency, £17,807 18 2 Engineering and surveying expenses, 4,905 1 2 Office, Law, and Crown Land surveys, 779 1 Preliminary, incidental and other expenses, 2,379 7 8 £25,871 8 The receipts amounted to 24,668 19 Balance against Conipany. £1,202 9 This expenditure entitled the Company to 20,000 acres of land, in addition to tlie previous grant of 10,000 acres. In consequencofcof the operations of the '• Joint ritock Company Act" in Eng land, tlie Class A shareholders were obliged to apply to the Imperial Parliament for an Act to incorporate themselves as a separate Company, otherwise the former Act would have imposed on them an utdimitcd liability, and would have had the etiect of breaking up the English Company of stockholders. A provisional agreement had been entered into with a Mr. Wm. Shaw, an English contractor, during Manager Thompson's mission to England, for the com- pletion of the road to Woodstock, who sent out an accredited agent, Mr. John IJrookficld, for the purpose of inspecting the line, and obtaining such necessary information as woidd lead to a correct estimate of the cost. Mr. Brookfield ar- rived from England on the 8th of June, and, accompanied by the Manager and Kngincer, walked over the line the whole distance to Richmond Corner. The following are extracts from the Report of the lion. W. II, Mcrritt, Chief Couunissioner of Public Works in Canada, to the (Jovernor General, relating to the St. Andrews and Quebec Railway, and published about this time: " The St. Andrews Company contcmj>liitL', as I am informed, cxtemling tticir railroad to Wood- '• stock on the St. ,Tohn Uiver, next season, from theneo to the Grand Falls and the Madawaska, •'thence to Teraiscouta, and on to tlie St. liawrencc?; and to accomplish this, I propose that the '• Government should lend them money, £3,000 per mile, to he ])aid as the work progresses, in pro- " portion to the contract prices, which they should sanction before the work commences. This " would enable the Company to construct the road at the lowei^t cash prices, instead of payinj^ • double the amount of its actual worth, which ever has, and ever will be, the case under any " scheme of credit which has been devised." " With a terminus on the St. Lawrence, for possessini; many decided advantages on the one " side, the port of St. Andrews on the Atlantic, a harbor not surpassed on the sea-coast, leading " through a great extent of country, abounding in pine and timber of the best (jualities, water poW' " ers, minerals, and possessing a good soil." '• I feel persuaded from the quantity of manufactured lumber it will convoy, the supplies the in- " terior will require, together with the through trade on the branch line to Quebec in the winter " season, and the advantages of passing through our own territory, without the cost, detention and " annoyance of custom-houses, tliat this railroad holds out as favorable a prospect to shareholders ' as any other northern line." '''(**■ u SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC llAILWAY. w i: At a meeting of the Local Board, held ou the 10th July, it was resolved thai the Class A Directors should be authorized to enter iuto a contract for the con struction and comi)loti()n of tlio remainder of the line to Woodstock for any sum not exceeding .£2,300 sterling per mile. The road to be delivered uj) ready for traffic. Tlic contract not to include rolling stock and station buildings. The following is a copy of Mr. Light's original estimate upon wiiicli tlic above sum of X2,300 sterling per mile v,'. < based, from approximated quantities ')n IG miles of the road then located: ] ,760 Lhioul yards, clearing and preparing land, £ir>0 12,500 Cubic yards, excavation in clay, gravel, or other mate- rials not requirir'g blasting, at Is., 625 1,000 Cubic yards, rock in place, or in detached lumps, con-^ tainiug more tiian one cubic yard, at os 250 250 Cubic yards dry rubble masonry, at lOs., 125 63 Tons iron rails, at £8 lOs., .535 10 3 Tons east-iron cliairs, at £7, 21 9 Cwt. wrought iron screws, at £1 10s., 13 10 35 Cwt. dog-nails, at £1 Ss., 43 15 8,580 Cubic feet timber in track-way, at 42d., 160 17 6 1,956 Cubic yards ballast (gravel, sand or broken stone) 28 6d. 244 10 1,760 Lineal yards beam and rail laying, at lOid,, 77 £10 proportion, one mile diversion of road at commence- ment of contract, 10 £5 proportion, timber work to level crossings, 5 £20 proportion, timber top to bridges as per list, 20 £5 3 proportion, tind>er work (Joldsmitli Lake bridge, 5 3 1,000 Lineal yards, single drain ou top of cuttings and foot of embankments, 12 10 Add for contingencies, at 3d., 1 4 6 Sterling £2,300 Deducting the cost of the iron superstructure from the above amount, there would be .£l,t58() r)s. sterling per mile, or $8,2()'J for grading the road, bed, bridging, ballasting, and laying the superstructure, being $1,738 per mile less than the proposal of ilessrs. Myers & Co. And if to the above sum be added Mr. Morton's estimate per mile for rolling stock and station buildings, Ac, in stg., viz., <£880, the estimated total cost per mile of the St. Andrews and Quebec Rail- way will bo £3,180. On the 2.')th day of Juno the Act to facilitate the construction of a railway from St. Aiulrews to Quebec, as passed by the Council and Assembly of the Pri viuco in the month of March, was by her Majesty, with the advice of her Majesty's Privy Council, specially confirmed, ratified and enacted. Under the provisions of sp th w SAINT ANDREWS AND QUKUKC RAILWAY, Ifj 3 resolved that .ct for the con :k for any sum d up ready for mga. pon whicli the ited quantities 1 50 325 150 25 »35 10 21 13 10 43 15 60 17 G 44 10 77 10 5 ^0 5 3 2 10 1 4 6 )0 mount, there road, bed, cr mile leas m be added Ac., in stg., .^lebec Rail- )f a railway of the Pri- or Majesty's revisions of the Hill the Comimny would l)ecomc entitled to as much Government Scrip as the Company had expended upon the work from its passage through the Legislature, and which, up to the month of Soptomher, according to depositions, had amounted to about .£2,000 sterling; this amount, however, would }H:!]ong to the Class A shareholders, and would not be available in the Province without their consent : the balance on hand on the 1st June being only X4GG. Money was very scarce in England, and but littlo coidd bo remitted to llie Local lioaru; the Messrs. Myers' 10 mile contract Avas almost completed, and Avithin 30 days after comph'- tion the sum of £4,500 would be legally duo them l)y the terms of their contract, and which the Com})any was then bound to pay ; tin; contractors' miMi had re- ceived no wages for a pcM'iod of throe months, and were greatly exaspei-ated, on account of which great trouble was a[)pr(!]iendod thi-ough riots and outrages and destruction of property, if they were not paid ; and if the London Board could not come to the rescue in time, it would be impossible to sustain the Companv any longer, and the most disastrous results would ensue. This was the precise jjosition the Company were in at the time they Avere negotiating Avith Shaw in England for the completion of the road to Woodstock. And the Manager had expressed a hope to the London Secretary that his Directors Avould see hoAv ne- cessary it Avasy'or their own safetu that no time should be lost in pushing on the works to completion, in order to retain possession of the lands they had, and be- come entitled to further grants and facilities. Waiung ho[)es were somcAvhat re- vived on the receipt from the London Secretary of copies of the specification, amended by Shaw, and schedules of prices and articles of agreement, &c., to be approved, confirmed, and signed by the President and Enginccr-in-Chief on behalf of the Board, and then i-eturned to be attached to any contract that might be en- tered into in England by the London Board. NoAV, at this time the Local Board had not really money enough to pay Messrs. Dimock and Wilson tor the freight on the iron rails per the ship " Ans- dale," and Averc obliged to propose their acceptance of a mortgage on the Com- pany, payable; in tAVo mouths, Avhich Avas agreed to. The Manager Avcnt to St. John to procure tlu! £2 ,000 debenture bonds from the Provincial Treasurer, and afterwards endeavored to n(!gotiate a loan from some of the Banks on their se- curity, but failed in accom{)lishing it. Tlu! Messrs. Myers notified the Company that they had (;ompletcd their con- tract, and requested their acceptance!; and had also paid off the laborers by drafts upon the Company, who <;omplicd therewith for tlieir relief Mr. Light had in- spected the work, and had informed the Board in writing that the works were in a finished condition to be accepted by the Company. f The debenture bonds had then been lodged in the Charlotte County Bank, the Directors of which advanced the Company £500 on their security, and with which amount the orders of the contractors' laborers were paid off- u; SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC UAILWAV. Mr. Light's final cstimat*; of the work ;j r> 270 7 fi 37o 40 o 22-) 4 10 720 4 2 ."iOO 11 7 7')() ,7oy 10 Excellency tho the Directors ' to proceed to icy and Solici- nn.37y 3 1 1 Total £35,014 9 Ut' thi.s amount tlierc was a sum of £8.*J7I) 14 9, or 22 per cent, that was Qot expended upon actual construction, lint ahsorhod by the oxfxuises of the two Directories. Law and Interest Account. The liabilities of the Company at this date amounted to.. . £5,435 c'v. There still remained 70 miles to build, at £2,300 .stg, p. mile, £161,000 And to provide for additional rolling stook and .station.s,.. .. 10,000 „, ^. , , £171,000 lo this should have been added for contingent expenses in England and the Province, law, and interest on de- posits. &c., (20 per cent.) 34,200 Total, (sterling) £205,200 The fictitious resourctjs of the Company, oi- the means not then at their dis- posal to provide for this work and their liabilities, were thus arrived at by simple addition : Balance due on Class A Stock, currency, £66,907 Do Class B " " 36,886 Grant oflands,200,000 acres at 10s. " 100,000 £261,793 The grants of land, however, were not available unless a sufficient e.xpendi- \wo. was proved by the Company to entitle them thereto; and therefore such a resource was entirely conditional upon stock being paid up. The Company as yet had only been granted ten thousand acres, and X2,000 debenture bonds for an exjxmditure of £37,000 upon the undertaking, and as no more money was to bo got from the Class B stockholders, the whole responsibility for the completion of the road to the Richmond terminus rested with the English diareholdcrs, supported by the Provincial Government, when they were legally entitled to such support, according to the provisions of the Facility Bill. The chief inducement, therefore, still left to English capitalists to invest in the Pro- vincial undertaking was, as provided for by this Bill, a guarantee of 6 per cent, for 25 years, on £100.000, and the Class A had still to struggle for the comple- IMIf'' •18 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY ti HI of the work, or forfeit all that had boon hitherto paid into it. They resolved to make an effort to proceed, and accord inc^ly contdudcvl a contract with Mr. Wm. Shaw, aforesaid, of Lecdn, who Iiad oxpi-e.-iscd himself trilling to contract for the completion of tli(^ railway on the following; terms, viz., C2,.'U)0 sterlin,;^ per mile, umountinjT to XI 01,000: the whole payable as follows: X100,000 in cash, CI 0,000 in lands, and XnijOOO in the Company's Debentures, with proper se- curity for the payment of these debentures. In ^iviiv.? this security a difiicnlty wdi encountered, as the issue of deber entirely d('p(;a(l(jd upon the expendi- ture of the Company, the .-ecurity coul nily l)e met by tin? Company j.dvinp: a tiiort<;age on the land, and ;:. proportion of the road when completed. The Messrs. Myers not havinjr been satisfied with the final mea ncment of their contract by the Chief Engineer, gave notice to the Jioard that unless their own claims were satisfied, tlioy would institute legal proceedings against the Com- pany. Terms for a proper and amicable adjustment wore, however, pro[)03ed by .Mr. I). ]'. Myers, which were agreed to by the Board, viz., that Mr. Light should confer with Mr. A. P. Robinson, tiie consulting Engineer, previous to having re- course to arbitration, as provided for by the contract. A digression must here be made in order to notice a letter from the Hon. Hamilton Merritt, Chief Commissioner of l*ablic Wcirks in Canada, to his Excel- lency the Right Hon. Elgin and Kincard' Governor General of Canada, on the subject of the '• Constrmttion, Maintenn ud Management of the contemplated grand Line of Railroad from Halifax tin .cgh the Provinces of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick to the Western Boundary of Canada," and dated St. Catherines, Se|»tember ;>Oth, 1851 ;" from this lengthy document we quote the sunmiing up: " Having uUuded to tiic rout.; by tho Valley of the St. John River through New Brunswick in " my Report of Jiinuary hist, I was tjl.ad to find its favorable position confirmed by Mr. Reefer's •' letter of tiic 12th June." " However, .as this is the only portion where any doubt can exist respecting the early coniple- " tion of the line ; and as it promises to be one of the most valuable auxiliaries to our water com- " uiunication, inasmuch as it is the shortest route throuf^h British territory to the Atlantic; opens " the greatest extent of inland country for our products, and will leave the St. Lawrence at a point " which can be re.iched with prcpellors or vessels from the upper lakes, with the same regularity ■' and safety, and at nearly the isame cost of transportation as to Montreal or Quebec. I would " therefore earne^Jy recommend that the St. Andrews and Quebec Company be offered a loan not " exceeding £4,000 per mile through Canada, without interest, until the stock yields a profit of 6 " per cent, to the private stockholders." " The Province of New Brunswick having already advanced a sutficient sum to build the road " from St. Andrews, on the Atlantic, to Woodstock, 80 miles distant, they will no doubt render the " same aid throughout their territory, v !iich with tiiis aid, ensures the construction of the whole " line to Quebec." On this subject tho St. John " Courier" also remarks, as follows : " Wc understand that both the Governmont and people of Canada would give the preference to " the route by the Valley of the St. John River to St. John, und thence by the Bend to H.ilifax, " and as tiiis would be accomplidhcd by the St. Andrews and Quebec and the Kuropt;an and North M SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 49 They resolved with Mr. Wm. jontract ibr the rliu^ per mile, 0,000 ill cash, -'itii proper hc rity a dilliciiHy m the (ixpeiuli ipaiiy jdving u cl. Qea-iircment of at, unless their ainst the Com !•, proposed bv [•. Light shoulc! IS to havinjf rt from the IIoii. a., to his Excel- O'anada, on the p contemplated 5va Scotia and 5t. Catherines, umming up : ?w Brunswick in l)y Mr. Kecfer'B e early coniplc- our water corn- Atlantic; opcnfi vrencu iit a point saine rej^ularity uebec. I would fferc'd a loan not lis a profit of C o build the road loubt render tlu i)n of the whole e preference to end to Halifax, |)can and North '• American Railways, both now under charter, without much further assist? nee being required from •• tlie Province, we do not see that more needn to be done than that thos ■ works should be prose- ' ■ cuted to completion with energy. As this will be really a ' Halifax ami Quebec llailwiy running '• intirely through 15r ti:ih territory,' we presume that the Imperial guarantee may be as readily ob- " taincd for half its cost as for the whole. In such case enough would be left to cxter.d a branch " line to Miramichi." Tiie Special Committee appointed by the Government to investigate the ac- counts of the Company having submitted their Report to the Executive Council, the following Minute of the Council was transmitted to the Company: " In Council, 11th Dec, 1851. " The Committee of Council having had under consideration the Report of tho Select Com- ' inittee appointed to examine and report upon tho affairs of the Saint Andrews and Quebec Railway • Company, regret to find that the payment of the £2,000 stock in Class B. shares alleged to have •' been uiade and expended in tlie said road since the 28th March last, and wJiich payment and cx- " penditure were authenticated according to the Act of Assembly by the affidavit of tlieir President •■ and Mr. Robinson, one of the Directors, was not so paid and expended, but on the contrary only • the sum of £1,507 of such money has since that period been paid and expended on the said road. " That the issue of £2,000 by the Government pursuant to said aflidavit has therefore been " made under erroneous information, and that the Company should be immediately notified before " any further claim be made upon tlie Government, either for debentures under new payments, or " for grants of lands under Acts of Assembly. The Directors of the said Company should withdraw " so much of the Class B stotk held by the Government as amounts to the deficiency now disco v- " ered as not having been paid up, and that they should substitute for the same, to be delivered to " tlie Government Class A stock to the amount of such deficiency by the payment of £943 of Class " B stoi k ready for expenditure on or before the 1st day of March next, such payment to be authen- " ticateo to the satisfaction of his Excellency in Council. " Tlkist tho Committee are willing to believe that the parties on making the affidavit adverted " to, were I'ler misai,,irehension of the construction of the Debenture Act, which conclusion the " report of u^ Select Committee now under consideration also warrants them in assuming. " Approved, and ordered that a Copy of the foregoing resolution be furnished to the Company." [Vide report of General Meeting held on 4th May, 1853, further on.] The St. Andrews " Standard" of Dec. 1 7th contained the following notice : " Highly Impoktant ! The Contract closed with Mr. Shaw, op Leeds, England! ! — St. Andrews, Dec. 16th, 1851. To the Editor of the ' Standard,' — Sir : Knowing the anxiety which has existed in many parts of tlie Province, and particularly in this neighborhood, respecting the completion of a contract be- tween the Company and an Englisli contractor for the construction of the remainder of our line to Woodstock ; and being desirous to put an end to the fears which I believe have been entertained by many persons on that subject, I beg to inform you that an official letter from the London Board was received by the mail delivered here this morning, announcing that a contract had been accepted and :o circumstances legal proceedings should be commenced against Mr. Shaw, the London Board, upon being authorized so to do, would take imm(!- diatc action. Tlie Local Board, upon duly considering the matter at their meeting on tlid 25th March, concluded that when it could be clearly shown to Mr. Shaw that no fears could any longer exist as to the certainty of the Class B payments beinjj,- made by debenture bonds and otherwise, that he might be more readily induced to ratify his agreement for a contract by the fear of proceedings at law. How- ever, it was never very clearly shown to Mr. Shaw that the Class B payments would be promptly made, and he was allowed to retire without any legal proceed- ings being resorted to. In the meantime his former agent, Mr. John Brookfield, arranged a co-partnership in England with two friends, who had been previously experienced in railway construction, viz., James Sykes and George William King, Esqrs., all of Sheffield. This firm next entered into negotiations with the London Board for taking the contract abandoned by Shaw, and upon nearly similar ar- ticles of agreement. The London Board used the powers previously invested in them, and closed the contract with " Messrs. Jas. Sykes & Co.," which was a{)- proved and confirmed by the Local Board. The (irst official notification of such, given in the Province, was to the Hon. J. 11. Partclow, Provincial Secretary, by Manager Thompson, May 15th : " Sir, — I have the honor to inform you for ttie information of liis Honor the Administrator of " the Government, and the Executive Council, tnat I have received l)y the En^jilisli mail delivered hen' " this morning, the original deeds duly executed hy the Class A Directors and Messrs. Sykes, '• King & Co., for the construction by contract of tin wliole of tlic line from the termination of thf " first 10 miles to Woodstock." Mr. Brookfield came out from l*]ngland at tiio latter end of May. Mr. King arrived in June, and a number of able bodied men, mechanics and their famflies, and a large (juantity of working materials, arrived during the following month of July. As it was necessary that the work required to be done for the completion of the first 10 miles of ti»e road should be accomplished without delay, comprising the laying of the superstructure and ballasiiitg, and rebuilding of the breastwork round Katie's Cove, which had been washed away by iiigh tides during heavy gales, an arrangemen.' was made by the l^resident, Capt. Ilobinson, and Managei- Thompson, with Messrs. Sykes & Co., to und(!rtakc and finish this work, and a separate contract was entcired into with Mr. Brookfield l»y the Board for this pur- pose, and for the sum of X7,000 sterling. The contractors, however, expected to have found all this work completed on taking the 70 mile contract. SAINT ANDREV^S AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 51 Secretary that, jlass B sliaro- nd that consc- joard thouglit 3nced agaiusi Id take iramo- •:i eeting on th(; Shaw that no 6 ^ments hciii^ If idily induced |S law. How- f^i- B payments v 3gal proceed- , ti Brookfield, in previously W^. ''illiara King, '% I the London r similar ar- r invested in ich was ap- ion of such, ecretai-y, by I A general meeting of the shareholders was lield in the Town Kail on the 4th May, when the Report of the Directors, drawn up by the Manager, was submitted, from which we make an abstract having reference to the Select Committee of the (Tovernmert and their Report: •' An application has been made for a copy of the Commissioners' Report to the Executive " Council, but it being considered a Government paper, the request has not been acceded to." Another important paragraph may be quoted from this Report, as follows : " There is an acknowledged balance at the present moment of £1,9()8 IGs. Id. due on the con- '■ tract with Mr. Myers, for the whole of which sum he has already issued orders on the Company, " but the Directors have been unable to come to any final settlement with him in consequence of " his having sent in ii claim for about £15,000 (sic) for alleged extra work, and for losses said to ' ' have been incurred by him in consequence of alleged improper alterations in the location of the '• line." The turning of the " first sod" on the new contract was celebrated on the 4th of June, under the auspices of Col. Murray, the Administrator of the Government of the Province, and Mrs. Murray (a niece of Earl Fitzwilliam) ; the interesting ^ Sum total received, £48,551 10 Receipts for deposits of £2 on 4,000 sl.ares, £8,000 Do. for first call on do 8,000 Receipts in advance of calls, £32,551 10 In further reply to the former application of the President and Manager for the issue of the £7,000 debenture bonds by the Government, his Kxcellency in Council, on the lOth January, 1853, resolved, — *' That in order to justify the Government in issuing debentures from time to time to the Saint " Andrews and Quebec Railway Company, under tlie provisions of '.no several Acts of Assembly re- " lating to the construction of ttie said railway, it must be made to appear to tiic satisfaction of the " Government, — " 1st. That the money has been paid into the credit of the Company, either to the Treasurer or " bona fide to the funds of the Company, ready to be expended on future operations upon wliich " the Company seek to obtain an issue of debentures." " 2n(l. Tliat the proceeds of the previous debentures, and the money paid in, in order to obtain " the same have been bona fide expended in tlie construction of works done since the issuing of the *' last preceding debentures. His Excellency the Lieut. Governor is of opinion tliat under the Act " the debentures should only issue for the construction of prospective works, and not to pay for *' works previously done." " The proof furnished on tiio present application does not seem completely to fulfil the above •' conditions, inasmuch as it does not api)ear that tiie proceeds of the last debentures, and the sub- " scriptiona on wiiich the same wore obtained, have been expended in the construction of works " actually done since the first issue jf such debentures." " The application for debentures is therefore postponed until further proof be supplied." — [Ex- tract from the Minutes. [Signed.] John (J. Ai.i.en, C. E. C. The Hoard of Directors were quite unprepared for a decision of this kind ; it was therefore resolved to address his lO.vcelloncy again on the sidtject, which the President was deputed to do, calling the attention of his E.KC(^lleiu',y to the po- sition in which the Company would be placed in regard to the l*]nglish utockhold- (TS and the contractors if they did not meet their pecuniary engagements. It was contended that the (d)ject of the Legislature in passing the Acts was to facilitate the construction of the road, which, when completed, would be a great benefit to th(! Province, ai'd it was thought that the Executive would have put a fair and 54 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. liberal construction on these Acts to enable the Company to keep faith with the English stockholders, who were cmbarkinf? their money in the undertakini?. The contract required that payments should be made monthly to the contractors, eithci- in the Province or in England, and payments were made in England for iron pur- chased by the contractors ; and the shareholders deposits were paid in at irregu- lar periods in England after the calls were made, so that it would be impossible Cor the Company to so regulate the payments as to (jomply with the cmstructioii the Executive had imposed on the Act. Tlie sum of £7,000 had been paid in by the Class A stockholders, to be expended in the consti'uction of the railway, and all the money previously obtained had been so expended : this was the nature of the affidavit made as required by the Act, the Board therefore considered they were entitled in point of law and justice to the debentures, and should the Gov- ernment adhere to a refusal, it would be considered by the English stockholders as a violation of a guarantee, oii the faith of which their capital had been ad- vanced. This presidential message evoked the following diplomatic reply from his Excellency : " GovEKNMKNT HousE, Fredericton, July 15th, 185.S. " Siu, — I have to acknowledge your i'ettor of tlie 13th inst., on the subject of the Minute of •' Council of the 11th inst. I regret very deeply the inconvenience caused to the Company by the " decision conveyed in sucli Minute, but I cannot admit tlie intention of the liegisiature was to fa- " cilitate the completion of the railway, therefore I sliould be justified in putting on the Act a con- " struction other than th.at whicli the law advisers of the Crown think su(;h Act will bear. With " every disposition to give the words a ' fair and liberal construction,' it must still be one which is '• legal. I sliall lay your letter of the 13th inst. before my Council on the first opportunity. " In the meantime I ain desirous of knowing whether affidavit can be made, or proof given, " tliai the expenditure now alleged as a ground for a fresh issue of debentures was wholly and en- •' iirely on account of works executed since the I3th Vic, C. 3(5 teas passed ? *' 1 don't know wliether the uuswer to tliis question would atTect the view taken by my Council, " but I tliink it rigiit to make tlie enquiry. " I must in conclusion observe I should much lament the creation of any discredit or mistrust " in tlie good faith of the Provincial guarantee. According to my view, however, public credit is " I 3t supported by great caution in incurring liabilities, and perfect readiness to meet them wlien •' incurred. Nor can I conceive that the faith of the Province could be called in question because " the condition? prescribed by an Act of the Legislature as necessary to tlie issue of debentures " n-ere strictly observed according to the legal interpretJition of such Act. " Capt. Robinson, R. N., President, etc. [Signed.] Kdmunu Head." The Board next resolved to send a deputation of two of its membci's to Eng- land to confer with the London Board on tluj foregoing subjtict, and the general position of the Company's alfaii's, and to negotiate with Class A or any parties in England, by the formation of a new Company, for the continuation of the railroad from Woodstock to the Camidian frontier, and to enttir into any such contracts or l)argains, to eflcict any scheme which might be adopted foi- such continuation, and to provide foi" the deficituicy in the funds re(piired to complete the fu'st section to Woodstock. Captain Kobinson and (Jeo. I). Street, Esq., being chosen for this service, left for England, and returned in April. faitli with the rtaking. The iractors, cithci- 1 for iron piir- 1 in at irregii- be impossible e C'.'-nstniction icn paid in by ; railway, and the nature of i.sidered they »uld the Gov- stockholdcrs liad been ad- ic reply from ly 15th, 1853. ' the Minute of Company by the aturc 1VU8 to fa- 1 the Act a con- ill bear. With be one which is rtanity. )T proof given, wholly and en- )y my Council, (lit or mistrust public credit is set them wlicn estion because of (lebenturcB It Head." crs to Viw^- tlui general ■' parties in le railroad onlraets or nation, and . seetion to 'w for thirt SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. Sf) '.?• The Board aprain on the 8th Mareh petitioned his Kxcellency in CouuimI for an issue of debentures for £13,500, accompanying the same with a statement and account duly vouched and sworn to by the Secretary, S. H. Wliitlocik, Esq., show- ing that up to 28th Fcln-uary, £30,124 sterling had been expended in construction after the passing of the Act; and only X6,000 had 1 ocn received from the Pro- vincial debentures, leaving a balance of £24,124 as having beeit paid in l)y the Class A shareholders {)rincii)ally. The Company were therefore entitled to an issue of bonds for £18,124 sterUng. But as the Government had taken exception to the sum of £4,623 sterling, shown in the statement which accompanied the affidavit of January 5th, as having been paid on account of the contract with Messrs. Myers, the Company would be willing to forego this amount, as the Council were of opinion that it had been improperly applied. n?ul would ask for the balance of £13,500, by the postponcmciit of which they had been greatly in- convenienced and retarded in the prosecution of the work. The Provincial Secretary replied on the Hth March, stating that although the sum of £30,124 was alleged to have been actually expended, the Council did not clearly see how it was proved that any part of that amount was then in the hands of the Company ready to be expended as required by the terms of the Act, and the Board were again referred to the Minute of the 1 0th January. The Directors made allusion to this vexed question in their Report read at the general meeting of shareholders held on 2nd May ; wherein they mentioned '.hat they had been prevented from urging on the works moi-e rapidly on account of the adverse interpretation which had again been put on the Facility Act by tli(; Government ; this obstruction once removed, they expected having 25 miles of the road opened before winter. 150 laborers had arrived during the [)revious month, and two more ships with additional men ai\d GOO tons of iron were daily expected. The paying qualities of the line were becoming more apparent as the works were being progressively developed ; the further the interior was penetrated, the more convincing was the enormous traffic which nmst pass over the road. (Consider- able improvements were being daily made in the location of the line, by which great savings would be effected, [the "great savings," if any, were then sup- posed to revert to Messrs. Sykes &, Co., who agreed to build for £2,300 stg. j)ei- mile,] and the (piantities confmed within the estimates [this was the real ol)ject!; £4,000 of debentures had betin received, and £1 1,000 more were in course ol" issue; 20,000 acres of hind Iiad also l)een grai\ted since the last meeting, and the Compa y were entitled lo a further grant of .30,000 acres. TIk! total expendi- ture from the conuiiencenient amounted to £68,888 KJs. lOd. On the 10th May the Secretary, Mr. Whitlock, received from the Provincial Treasurer at St. John £11,000 of delxMiture bonds, which ho immediately forwarded to the London Secretary. [n the month of June the Gov«!i'nment appointed two Directors, us provided. 56 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. ("or iti tlic Facility Act, to iiiapcct the road and the Company's accounts from time to time. The gentlemen appointed were Benjamin Wolhaupter, Esq., Higli Sheriff ol' York County, and George J. Ilatheway, Es(]., jNf. P, P. for the same County. These gentlemen made their first inspection of the works on July 7, and expressed their entire satisfaction at the progress then made. This progress was drawing the attention of some of the Canadian papers to the " St. Andrews and Quebec Railway," and was, at this time, eliciting favorable comment; in evidence of which the following extracts from the ^fontrcal " Sun" of July the 28th are ad- duced, being t'opicd from an article on '• The advantages offered to Canada by the St. Andrews and Quebec Railway, which no other line intended to reach the sea through British territory can pretend to equal": " When it is taken into account that Riviere ilu Loup ia only 117 miles from the Gran.l Falls on •' tlie River St John, and that the Grand Falls may he considered as the centre of the New Bruns- '• wick and American lumbering grounds, it will at once be seen that a very large share of the Ame- '• rican custom would immediately accrue to Canada for the provisions wanted for their camps, and " for the very obvious reason that tlic railway could deposit a barrel of flour much cheaper than •• can he imported by the Konebec and Penobscot rivers. There is not the remotest probability tliat ■' a line of railway will run from tlie coast of Maine into the interior, but should one be constructed •' from Riviere du Limp to the Grand Falls, and thence to St. Andrews, it is morally certain that "junction lines into the upper territory of Maine would immediately bo built, and for all the pur- •• poses of commerce, that portion of tlie State would be annexed to Canada ! Wo arc not one of •' those who would decry one line of road for tlie purpose of puffing up another. We think that bc- •• fore long the Atlantic and St. Lawrence railway will liavc an abundant and remunerative tlirough " traffic. It has advantages of its own wliicli it can never be deprived of by other lines, but wo '• must not on that account refrain from stating our conviction that for the purpose of conveying " our Canadian products to the lumbering districts of Maine itself, to two-thirds of New Brunswick, " and to a great part of Iiova Scotia, the Portland road could not come into successful comiiclition " witli the Quebec and St. Andrews, if both were in operation. Tlic arguments in favor of tlie lat- " ter arc t: the y payments ids last for- thc foliow- !) U 11 10 fi (> 1 Brought forward,. . Notice from contractors that they have received a bill for work for July, nnd will receive official documents for.. ..£9,522 19 11 2,325 £11,847 19 11 19 11 So that the debenture l)ond.s were bein^ exliausted in England as fast as they were furnislied ; the Company had but a small amount to their credit at the Messrs. Clynn's Bank, in fact, not sufficient to meet the contractors last estimate, as above. Tlic London Directors took the ground that the Local Board were not authorised to draw upon tlieni beyond £1,000, and only then in case of an emergency, it having been arranged wh(!n the last deputation were in England, that the contractors estimates were all to be paid in England, relieving the Local Board from immediate heavy expenses. Tlie Manager had asked permiission of the London Board to draw for, at least, £3,000 sterling, stating that he would prevent his Board from drawing any Bills until he heard from P]ngland, and get permission ; unfortunately, however, the President undertook, and the Board con- sented, to draw without leave or advising, and conscfpiently the London Board protested, thinking it prudential not to incur further liabilities until the large de- mands of iron, estimates, &c., were satisfied. They were also of opinion that all the English capital, aiul the money received from the Provincial Governments in bonds, should be exclusively appropriated to the contractors, and expenses in England ; and that the contingent expenses in the Province should be provided for and paid by the calls on the Class B shareholders, and which they had agreed to. On the other hand, the Local Board viewed the matter in quite a different light, and discussed it fidly at a meeting held on the 6th September, and were of opinion that the Bills amounting to £3,500 sterling, which had been drawn by the President and ^fanager of the Company to provide for necessary expenses in carrying on the railway, had been refused acceptance under pretence that the London Board had no funds, Avlu^reby most serious consequences would result, and an expense of fully £500 be incurred in paying damages on those Bills, and according to the statements of t]i(> London Secretary that a sum of £6,260 had been paid in by Class A shareliohlers in addition to the dol)entures, out of which the Bills could have been paid, or at least accepted, until tlie amount was pro- cured on the advance of calls, and thereby save the credit of the Company and all contingent expenses. Tiiereforo it was resolved that in the opinion of the Board, the Class A Directors had acted in violation of good faith, and in a preju- dicial manner to the interests of the Company, as to lead to the conclusion that all farther connection with them shonld ax xonn as possihle be put an end to. That no further Government debentures be forwarded to England, but be dis- posed of in the Province to meet the existing lial)ilitics, and that an immediate call bo made on Class A undor the deed of arrangement. The Secretary informed the Board that a number of small bills, amounting to 58 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY^. X29G, had to bo met, but that X25() would answer sufficiently just then. Where- upon the amount was raised on the personal security of the Directors, and a joint note for that amount was drawn up and signed. There were seven present, in- cluding one of the Government Directors. A copy of the above resolution was forwarded to the London Secretary, who in reply, under date 7th October, notified the Manager of tlie Local Board, as follows : " My Directors have thought the resolution of your Board of the Cth ult. of such vital import- ance, that they have (at an adjourned meeting held on Wednesday last to take that resolution again into consideration) decided that I should proceed at once to St. Andrews instead of entering into a correspondence respecting it. I sincerely trust my visit may be the means of bringing the two Boards to a better understanding, for as they at present stand it is morally impossible that they can work harmoniously. I shall sail in the " Niagara" on the 15th inst. [Signed.] J. W. Byrne, Secretary. Mr. Byrne having arrived, was introduced by Mr. Thompson to the Directors at a meeting held on the 1st November, and presented the resolution of the Lon- don Board directing him to proceed to St. Andrews, and place himself in commu- nication with the Directors, and to protest again.^t their resolution not to transmit any more debentures to his Board of Directors, and to adjust all other mat- ters in dispute between the two Boards. The President and Government not being present at this meeting, the Board adjourned until the 4th, when they again met in full attendance. Mr. Byrne read a resolution of his Directors in reply to that passed by the Local Board on September 6th, which entered fully into the reason why they were obliged to protest the Bills drawn by the President and Manager for X3,500 sterling; and exhibited a statement of accounts, showing they had no other alternative ; and expressed their opinion strongly on the action taken by the Local Board. He likewise protested against their resolution not to transmit the minutes of their meetings to his Board of Directors, which they would consider a violation of the deed of arrangement between the two Boards. The Local Board again adjourned to the following day to consider mattej's in the interim. At the meeting on the 5th, Mr. Byrne proposed that four Bills, for XI, 000 each, should be drawn at three, six, eight, and ten months' sight, to meet those forwarded to the Class A Board. He had not been authorized by his Di- rectors to make this proposal, but under the circumstances in which both Boards were placed, he felt it was the only plan that could be pursued to prevent the un- dertaking from being completely broken up, and he was therefore willing to take the responsibility of the step, feeling assured that his Directors would confirm his acts. The Board having to consult with the Banks relative to accepting such ar- rangement, adjourned until the 8th. In the meantime Mr. Byrne and Mr. Thomp- son had conferred with the St. Stephen Bank Directors, and were enabled to re- port to the meeting on the 8th, that the Bank Directors were willing to comply with the proposal. The Charlotte County Bank Directors also acceded to the arrangement. r^ 1 b( 'f P w 9: Ml ^ sc it. tl ii ,r M A f( t til r' P< ' m ar tl i 1)( 1 ai l-t SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 59 Lheii. Whero- rs, and a joint 311 present, in- ?ecretary, wlio )cal Board, as luch vital import- t resolution again )f entering into a bringing the two ible that they can E, Secretary. the Directora )n of the Lon- 3clf in cominu- lOt to transmit ill other mat- overnmeut not len they again )rs in reply to fully into the President and )unts, showing on the action solution not to di they would Boards. The nattei's in the four Bills, for sight, to meet '.ed by his Di- both Boards revent the un- willing to take Id confirm his ipting such ar- d Mr. Thomp- enaljled to re- ing to comply cceded to the The chief source of the unfortunate difference between the Boards having been thus amicably disposed of, the Local Board, by resolution, retracted their former resolution of withliolding the debentures, and assured Mr. Byrne that they had been actuated under a fuF belief that the London Board had sufficient funds when the Bills were sent back. Bills for £4,000 were forthwith drawn, and all minor differences were similarly settled. The Local Board being now made fully sensible of the critical position of the Class A Company, as well as their own, and that the former were being seriously involved in the undertaking, to the threaten- ing ruin of both ; and it being made apparent that the deficiency which existed in the capital of the Company to finish the road to Woodstock could not be provided for in the Province, or met by tJieir Company, the Board resolved to authorize the Class A Company to obtain by Legislative enactment such increase to their powers as would be necessary for them to complete the entire road to Woodstock, under their sole charge and control, and would surrender all rights, titles, powers and privileges to the Class A shareholders, to ratify which a special meeting of the Class B sharcliolders would be called, when a requisition to that effect should be received from the London Board, who were required to give satisfactory assur- ance of their being al»le to complete the road. It woidd appear that the English Company were not only able to complete the line to Woodstock, but were willing also to construct the continuation to the Canadian frontier, as Mr. Byrne, when at Frcdericton, on the 24th November, addressed a letter to his Excellency the Lieut. Governor, containing a proposal he had been authorized to submit by some of the leading firms and capitalists of London, who were prepared with, and would be willing to advance, the necessary capital for the construction and completion of a line of railway from Woodstock to the Canadian frontier. From calucations based on former surveys, and cost of railroads in the LTnited States, it was considered that the road could be built for £G,000 sterling per mile, and the distance being about 120 miles, the required capital would be .£720,000. It was proposed that the St. Andrews and Quebec Company should cede all the rights, titles, &c. beyond Woodstock to a new Com- pany, to which the Province should grant the same privileges and facilities as were accorded to the European and North American Railway Company, then building a road between St. John and Shediac. Should this proposition meet with the sanction of the Government, Mr. Byrne would be prepared upon his return to England to make the necessary suljscription lists, which woidd be laid before his Excellency in sufiicient time to enable the Bills to be drawn up for the next Le- gislature, so that no time should be lost in conunencing operations, and carrying on both sections of the road at the same time, and thereby ensure a through open- ing at an early period. Now it is very certain that had this proposal been then entertained by the Government, and had Mr. Byrne succeeded in the formation of the company of capitalists who deputed him to make such a proposal, this road 60 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. would have been built to Quebec, and would now i)e the Inter-oolonlal Railway of the day, for surely the New Dominion Government would hardly contemplate building a competitive " military " road ; liowever, it did not so turn out, and the question of route still remains uncertain and undecided. The reply to Mr. Byrne's proposal is here copied : Secretary's Office, Frkdericton, Dec. 13tli, 1863. Sir, — I have laid before the Lieut. Governor in Council your letter of the 24th November last, suggesting a scheme for constructing a railroad between Woodstock and Quebec, and I am instruct- ed by his Excellency to acquaint you that as the proposition involves a heavy expenditure by the Government in addition to existing obligations, it cannot at present be favorably entertained. J. W. Bybne, Esq. [Signed.] J. K. Partelom'. Previous to the receipt of the above, the Company were put in possession of the following satisfactory information : Frkdericton, Dec. 2nd, 1853. Sir, — I am directed by his Excellency the Lieut. Governor in Council to inform you that the application of the St. Andrews and Quebec Railway Company for a further issue of Provincial de- bentures, to the amount of seven thousand pounds sterling, having been this day submitted to the Council, it was ordered that said debentures do forthwitli issue. Julius Thompson, Esq., Manager. [Signed.] John C. Allen, C. E. C. The following statement shows the balance sheet to Dec. 31st, 1853 : London Board, Charlotte County Bank,. . . . St. Stephen Bank, Capt. Robinson and others, . J. C. Bennett, Alex. L. Light, 2,086 shares, £25 each, £71,736 1,489 1,862 250 5 200 52,150 4 6 12 5 4 10 11 £80,237 G 10 Contingent and preliminary. Construction Jas. Sykes & Co., 70 in. crt. Do. 10 m. do. All other expenses, Due by Class B sharehold'rs. £4,693 19 6 31,813 10 4 35,584 2 5 9,883 2 3 27,889 7 10 17,829 6 10 £127,693 9 I Towards a total expenditure of £109,863 14s. 3d. by the Company to this date, the Class B stockholders had only subscribed the sum of £5,520 13 2 And, irrespective of engineering, the " office expenses and salaries" were 2,867 6 The breeze between the two Boards had scarcely subsided into a calm, when signs of a threatening squall arose between the Local Board and the Contractors. On the 11th May, 1854, the Secretary, under instructions from the President, no- tified each Director of a special meeting of the Board to be held on the 18th inst, " for the purpose of determining on the propriety of making an entry under the contract." On this same day a Board meeting had been held in London, at which the following resolution was passed : " The London Board having observed with surprise the small amount of the March estimate, " (£242 48. 9d.), it was moved by Mr. Sharpe, seconded by Mr. Maudsley, and carried, that the *' Board at St. Andrews be requested to urge tho Contractors to use greater expedition in the prose- " cutioa of the works. [Signed.] J. W. Btbnb, Secretary." SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 61 il Railway of contemplate I out, and tho c. 13tli, 1853. November last, J I am instruct- ^'nditure by the crtaiiicd. *ARTELOW. possession of 2nd, 1853. Ill you that tho Provincial de- braittcd to thu ;, C. E. C. i53: £4,693 19 5 31,813 10 4 35,584 2 5 9,883 2 3 27,889 7 10 17,829 6 10 127,693 9 I )any to this 520 13 2 867 6 calm, when JontractorH. esidcut, no- 1 18th inst, r under the which the rcli eatiniate, •ied, that the in the prosc- lecretary." The following day the London Secretary wrote to the Manasror. onclosinp; the above resolution, and asked : " What about the land ? the shareholders are becoming clamorous about it. The Director.s cx- " pressed no opinion on your proposal to stop at forty miles. They appear rather inclined to make " an effort to carry it to Woodstock, but how, I am not in a posifon yet to say." On the 26th May, tho Loudon Secretary again urged upon getting the land : " I am to beg you will draw tho attention of your Directors to the paramount importance of in- " sisting for our rights. We must now raise money somewhere, and that I take it, must be from •' the land, or our shareholders, but how can we attempt to get it from either witheut having pos- " session of the land? Formerly, perhaps, it was mure a matter of convenience that we should *' have the Deeds of Grants, now it has become of vital importance to the existence of the itnder- " taking." We will now turn hack to the Board meeting of tho 18th May. Mr. Wol- haupter, the Government Director, had protested, by telegraph, against its being then held, on account of his inability to attend : the business was, however, pro- ceeded with. The Board having gone into the consideration of the proposition to make an entry under the contract, the contractors not haying complied with the Chief En- gineer's notice to tliem on the 3rd May, to place 1,000 men and 250 horses upon the work within fourteen days from the date thereof, resolved, that an entry be immediately made by the Company under the 12th clause of the Contri.nt; ;,nd that the works be proceeded with by the Company with as much despatch as pos- sible. The contractors, at this period, had been advanced by the London Board the sum of X8,000, against which all subsequent estimates were to be placed, until the amount advanced was worked out, consequently this entry was afterwards considered as somewhat premature. Messrs. Sykes & Co. on the 25th May pro- tested against this entry. At a meeting of the Directors on the 16th June, the Secretary produced let- ters from Captain Robinson, G. D. Street, Harris H. Hatch, aiul Wm. VVhitlock, Esqrs., Directors, tendering their resignations, also a letter from Julius Thompson, Esq., notifying his intention to resign his position as Manager at the end of the year — all of which were accepted I)y the new Board of Directors elected at the general meeting of the stockholders. The Hon. Harris Hatch was elected Presi- dent for the ensuing year. A now Board being thus organized, as a matter of course the acts of the former Board were highly censured, and represented as con- demnatory in a lengthy letter addressed to Earl Fitzwilliam, Chairman of the London Board. At a subsequent Board meeting, held on the 26th Juno, the ser- vices of Mr. Thompson, as Manager, were dispensed with. A later English mail, however, having brought letters from the London Board, addressed to Mr. Thomp- son, as Manager of the Company, he refused to give up possession of them to the Secretary, whereupon the Board had to apply to the London Secretary for dupli- cate copies of the correspondence. 62 SAINT ANDREWS AND (QUEBEC RAILWAY. #1 The London I3oard were informed by the Local Secretary's letter of the IStli July, that the new IJoard of Directors were then doing all they could to arrange an amicable settlement with the contractors, who had been permitted a re-entry on the line, in order that the work might progress more speedily, and there was every reason to believe that such a desirable object would shortly be accomplished. The Local Board having made application in August for a further issue of debentures, the Government took objection to the statement of accounts on the same ground as formerly, but his Excellency in Council being fully sensible of the importance of the work, and the responsibility attaching to the issue of deben- tures, appointed the Hons. Messrs. Chandler, Ilazen and Partelow as a Committee of Council to visit St. Andrews, and investigate the Company's accounts and gen- eral operations, and make such intjuirics as they should deem necessary. These gentlemen met the IJoard of Directors on September 7th, and proceeded with their examinations, at the close of which they informed the Directors that their Report would 1)0 immediately forwarded to the Council. It appeared that the hon. Com- mittee, during their investigation, animadverted severely upon the Local Board liaving no detailed account of the expenditure of the London Board, and expressed their dissatisfaction of an advance of money having been made by that Board to Messrs. Sykes & Co. in England, without the knowledge and consent of the Local Hoard, and declining to consider the amount so advanced as a proper expenditure. . the Council had refused the issue of debentures. The Local Board and the Contractors did not, after all, get along very ami- cably ; the latter demanded an arbitration on disputed claims on both contracts, which on a payment of £1,500 to their laborers and other workmen, was to be waived, but which, after a payment had been madt^ was attempted to be renewed ; the Board then served a notice upon the Contractors preparatory to making an entry under the contract. The Directors afterwards concluded to run the road, so far opened, for traffic, and appointed a committee to confer with the Contractors with respect to running the road, as they still held possession of the locomotive and cars given to them for their use in the construction of the firsf '2('» miles. The Directors also resolved that the affairs of the Comp;* for immediate conference with \\,n T to send out a delegate to ' Government and the Board. Iiey m notice upon the Contractors t() place line within the term stipulated by the to comply therewith, the Chief Engineer made an entry the works in the name of the Company. The Board thei icii a precarious state as to call and wrote to request that Board \ full powers to confer with the .luthoi i/.ed the Chief Engineer to serve a sufficient force of men and horses upon the 111 tract, and the Contractors having refused 1 1 took possession of ued tlie following, by hand bills, signed by the President and Secretary : " Public notice is hereby given tliat the Saint Andrews i^nd (^ . c Railroad Company havt* SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 63 ampany have taken possession of the line of railway under contract between the Conipuny and Contractors, under tlie entry provided for in the said contract, and that the Company will prosecute all parlies inter- nicddiing witli or trespfissing on the said line." After taking poasession of the line, tlic next question was how to proceed with the work, and furnish the means for so doiug. In a letter addi-essed to the London Secretary, recapitulating what had been done between the 13th Septem- ber and nth October, the Directors make the following proposal in view of the great prospects of a large traffic. The Secretary wrote thus : " In concluding this letter my Directors cannot but express their full assurance that were the " works completed 30 miles, the Company would realize a large amount of traffic, and their lands " contiguous to it bo greatly enhanced in value; they therefore press upon your Directors tiie ne- •• ("ussity of co-operating with them in effecting this most desirable purpose by an advance of the " £5,750 recommended in the Engineer's Report, the Board here pledging itself to remit the amount " out of the first debentures obtained from the Government." The Hoard next entered into a contract with Mr. Nathan Stuart for finishing the road-bod and laying the track between the twenty-iifth mile at the Fredoricton Road Crossing, and the twenty-ninth mile at Lawrence's Station ; then issued a writ of replcyin in name of the Company against Messrs. Sykes & Co. to take pos- session of the locomotive and tender, platform-car, dump-ear, and a small ' lorrey- car previously transferred to them for their use. In accordance with a previous resolution of the Local Hoard requiring the London Board to send out a delegate to the Province to investigate and arrange the Company's affairs, Mr. Byrne, the Secretary, was again iustructcd to proceed to St. Andrews, and having arrived, presented himself at the meeting of the Board held on 12th December. He submitted the resolution of his Board authorizing him to confer with the Provincial Government and the Colonial Board, and nego- tiate all matters appertaining to the Company. He suggested the appointment of a Committee to audit the accounts, and protested against the Board transferring the debentures to the Government in exchange for cash payments ; the Board having already received £6,000 sterling from the Government in lieu of deben- tures, and for which a stock certificate was given ; jG2,900 of this amount had been paid by Mr. Wolhaupter, Government Director, to the Contractors' laborers. Various Board meetings were held up to January 10th, 1855. At this date Mr. Byrne made a proposal in writing on behalf of Class A shareholders to accept the resolution passed by the Board on the 6th December, 1853, and at once take the wliolc charge and control of tiic road to Woodstock in their own hands, and to allow the Class B shareholders a limited time to pay up the full amount of their stock, and continue as shareholders in the new Company. On motion of Geo. L. Hatheway, seconded by Mr. F. H. Todd, (of Saint Stephen), — " Resolved, That the proposition of Mr. Byrne, submitted this day, be not eatertained." 64 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. E% W: i l! 1. H: A week elapsed before another meeting was held, and on the 17th January -Mr. Byrne, who liad been in communication with the Government, informed the 13oard, that altiiough the arrangements he had so far inade with the Government were rather of a confidential nature, he had no hesitation in stating that the Gov- ernment would give its support to the Cla«r; A shareholders in carrying on the works to completion, and that a special meeting of the Class B shareholders should be called to sanction the measure. The Board were, however, of opinion that Mr. Byrne ^vas exceeding his in- structions in taking such steps, and he was requested to retire ; whereupon the Board came to the conclusion not to move in the matter until they consulted with the Government, for which purpose Messrs. Henry Fryc and J. G. Stevens (of St. Stephen) were appointed a Committee to wait upon his Excellency in Council. It was also resolved at this meeting, that the Directors be allowed one pound sterling lur each and every attendance, and the J')irectors from St. Steplien, in ad- dition thereto, be allowed one pound sterling for travelling expenses. A retrospective glance may here be taken at what Mr. Byrne had done dur- ing his sojourn in the matter of his negotiation with the Government. On the 16th December, 1854, he addressed a letter to the Hon. S. L. Tilley, Provincial Secretary, stating tln'(jugli wiiat means, and for what reason he had come to the Province ; that he had then been a fortnight at St. Andrews without being able to get more than one preliminary meeting of the Directors, at which nothing had been done, but the appointment, at his suggestion, of a Committee to audit the accounts ; but which Committee he could not get together ; that the invi- tation for a delegate from England seemed to be premature, as the Board had really nothing to ])ropose towards tliri further ])ro.socution of the works ; that it was manifest the English shareholders had lieen led into error as to the amount, of capital re((uisite for building tlie road to Wooilstock, and that the Local Board were (juite unable to assist in carrying out the ])roJect ; that the English Company })os8essed the full confidence of the English public, having Earl Fitzwilliara and Lord Ashburton among the Directors; so tliat any arrangement effected between the Provincial Government and the London Hoard would be strictly adhered to ; and being enii)owore(i to negotiate witli tlu; Government he wouhl gladly Avait upon the Executive and devise the means ol' com))leting the road. Again on the 'ISth Decxmibcr, ho addressed a second letter to the Provincial Secretary, and by request, or jiermission of the Council, gave a statement of the position of the aflairs of the Conqjany, to be submitted at the next meeting on the 4th proxo, from whiiih, ho said, it was (|uito evi'hMit that nearly the whole of the existing capital of the Comi)any had been cxi)ended, and no portion of the road had been opened for traffic, nor had it even been couqdeted far enough into the interior to become available for any trallic. He had foumi on his arrival at St. Andrews that the Company had made an entry on the line, and the Mcssivs. Sykes' I'l SAINT ANDllEWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 65 contract thereby suspended, wliilc the Company were not prepared with money or materials to carry on the worlc themselves. The safety ol" the capital invested by the Enp,'lish Conrpauy and the (government demanded that some scheme should be immediately devised for the vigorous completion of the work. The proposal pi"C- viously made to the Local Boartl was here inserted in detail. — Further stock in the Company, to the amount of .£80,000, to be at once subscribed for in England, and paid up as fast as necessary for the rapid completion of the section to Wood- stock; said stock to bo guaranteed l>y tiie Province, an annual intei'cst of six per cent, for 25 years in the same manner as the then existing guarantee; the re- mainder of the debentures to be ]>laced at the disposal of the Class A Direiitors, and the lands to be granted tp Avhich they were then entitled, and further grants, from time to time, according to the expenditure upon the work. The line to Ijc completed to Woodstock by tlic year ISGO, and if not then constructed, to become the property of the Govorimient, without any accountability to the shareholders. The foregoing is the substance of >[r. Byrne's proposal to the tjrovernment. The Local Board having by a resolution, previously mentioned, shown no dis- ])Osition to conhrm ^[r. Byrne's negotiations or proposals to the Government, and having refused to give him copies of the Board Minutes, he left for England on the 30th January, on Avhich day, before he took his departure, he addressed a letter, publicly, to the Cla-s 15. Stockholders, informing them of what he had done, and by what authority, during his visit as Secretary to, and delegate from, the Class A shareholders. The concluding paragrai)h of his letter is hero quoted: " One or two recent acts of your Board, I have been compelled to protest against, as fraught " with injury to the interests of tlic Company, and pssscd without the sanction of tin- Class A Di- " rectors, as roquirod hy the DeeO of Arrangement existing hetween tlie two Boards. One is a " pledge given to construct a branch line to St. Stephen before the main line to Woodstock is com- " pleted, and tlic other the transfer of the road in its present : late, with th<.' loeomotive and other '' property thereon, belonging to the Company, to Mr. John Wilson, as an individual, to operate for " his own beneflt, for an indefinite period, wliich may materially interfere with the future opcra- " tions of the Company. Should the stockholders at the special meeting to be held adopt the plan " which I have consented to on behalf of Class A, and the legislature at their request, pass the ne- " ccssary amendments and alterations in the Acts of Incorporation, I have no hesitation in assuring " you that sufHcient capital will be at once raised to i)rocecd vigorously witli the comjiletion of the " line to Woodstock; and that with regard to the present holders of the Class B stock, such equit- " able arrangements will be made by Class A, cither by rc-paynient of the amount jiaid in, or al- '• lowing stock to that amount to be still held in the Company, as will satisfy all parties." A special general meeting of tiie stockholders was held pursiiiint to notice at Iho Town JIall. St. Andrews, on Friday, Sth March. Jas. H. Whitlo(;k, Es(i., in the (Jhair. The ol»ject of this spe(;ial meeting wiis to I'.onsidcr the expediency of transferring io the Class A sharehuklers the rights, privileges, &c., vested in the Corporation, to enable them to completi; the railroad from St. Andrews to Wood- stock. TiiC following geutlemen were then elected Directors to lill the vacancies caused by th(>s(' removed, viz.: Capt. .1. J. Robinson, Geo. D. Street, Wiu. Whit- lock, J. W. Street, II. If. Hatch, and Geo. J. Thompson, Escp-s. 66 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. Out of 49 stockholders present, tlicrc were 41 voted in favor of, and 8 against the transfer to Class A. The total number of votes thrown, includintr proxies, was, for the motion, 1,191 ; against, 140. At a meeting of the third and last Board, held 10th March, Captain J. J. Robinsou was elected President for the ensuing year, and it was immediately re- solved that Julius Thompson be requested to resume his former office and duties as Manager, his services having been improperly dispensed with ; the Secretary to communicate the same. Also, that the services of Geo. D. Street, as Solicitor, be resumed. Also, that the former Resolutions passed on the 2nd and 10th January, autho- rizing Mr. Jno. Wilson to have possession and use of the Locomotive and Cars, be rescinded as directed by the Stockholders at the Special Meeting; the Com- pany to resume possession of all such property Mr. Wilson had thus obtained. Also, that the seal of the Company be affixed to the petition to the Legisla- ture for an Act authorizing the transfer to Class A, as by resolution passed at Special Meeting. The Bill for the transfer was, however, rejected afterwards by the House of Assembly. Mr. Nathan Smart had continued at work under his contract up to 31st March, at which date, according to the Chief Engineer's estimate and certificate, the Company owed him the sum of .£1,119 3s. It will be remembered that the last issue of Debentures, for £6,000, had not been forwarded to England by the former Board, but had been appropriated in the Province, against which proceedure the London Secretary had protested wliim at St. Andrews. The third Board of Directors had now made application to the the Government for a further issue of .£7,000 Debentures, and afterwards instruct- od their Secretary to notify the London Directors, through their Secretary, as fol- lows, May 5 th : " I am directed liy the Board to communicate to you that in the present situation of the Coni- " pany it will be impoi^Mible to send the whole to your Board unless you can manage, in the mean " time, to advance us some money on account of them, to meet our prossin}? liabilities on this side " the water. We will require ut least £H,000 to pay what must be mot hero, and I hope, therefore, " if no arrangements have been made before this reaches you, to raise funds in England to carry on " the works, you will nt onoo write me authorizing a Bill to be drawn for that sum on which wo can '* get the money here, and remit you all the Debentures we get issued. In order to secure our " getting the money on the Bills here, you must send mo Glyn's consent to accept the Bills, as you *' know, otherwise, from what has taken place before, they will not be discounted here." Tlic local Secretary next refers to a Bill drawn by Mr. Thompson upon the London Board for the arrears of salary due to him, having been protested when it was well known the local Hoard had no funds, and after all that had been done by them to carry out the views of the Knglish Company, several of the Directors were consequently inclined to leave the Board and throw th(> wliolo affair up again, and addsl " get SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 67 of, and 8 iucludin,!^ i )taiii J. J. liatcly ro- ,nd duties n-etary to licitor, be ry, autho- Liid Cats, the Com- bined. I Lcgisla- '. passed at i tvai'ds hy • to 31st ertificatc, had not iated m ted when m to tlu' instruct- , as fol- thc Coni- tlio nic'iit) this side llicreforc, cftrry on ch wo can jcurc our Is, as you pon the 'd when i>n done i rectors [) again, and allow the London Board to fight their own battle ; the Secretary in conclusion adds : " It has certainly made them more determined that you shall not get the Debentures unless they •' get money enough to pay off liabilities which they feel bound to see liquidated." The amount required, £3,000, could not have been incurred during the short term the third Board had, up to then, held oflficc ; they were liabilities inherited by their assumption of power on taking office, and as they had rescinded several resolutions of the past Board, their great anxiety about the liabilities of that Board was very commendable, although the threat conveyed to the London Board to extract the means of li(iuidation, cannot be so considered : moreover, it evid- ently] showed symptoms of the old inimical feelings between the two Boai'ds, which was, apparently, a part also of the inheritance. Tlic Lomlon Board hud a balance on hand 30th June, 1855, of only.. £879 2 10 Amount Companys liabilities, as hy statement furnislied to Provincial Secretary, 16th July, 1855, Stg. .£2,048 The sum asked of the London Board was therefore ,£1,000 in excess of the above. Operations ujjou the road, in the shape of contract work, were now entirely suspended, with but little prospect of being resumed at an early day ; the rimning of the road for traffic had also been abandoned. No Debentures had been issued to tlie Company until the 3rd of September, when Secretary Whitlock received only £2,000 fr(»m the Government at Fredericton, and negotiated them with the Commercial Bank at St. John, to be forwarded to England. The Board held a meeting on the 5th, and resolved that, on account of the uncertainty of future operations being resumed, it was inexpedient to continue the services of their officers : the Chief Engineer, his assistant, and the Manager were accordingly notified in writing tliat tlteir services would necessarily bo dispensed with. During the month of September a deputation arrived out from the London Hoard composed of Mr. Ben. Sharpe, and Mr. RadclilTc, the Company's Solicitor, who were sent out to confer with the Government and the Board, yet, strange to say, returned to Enghnd without iiaving had an official interview with one or the other. The next General Meeting of Stockhoklers was held on May 6th, 1856, at which a vote of thanks was passed to James Boyd, Escj., M. P. P. for Charlotte County, for his able exertions during the previou'^ "^'--""-^^ of the Legislature, in obtaining the passing of the several Acts foi anys transfer and exten- sion of time, «fec. After the election of Directors it was resolved to atithorizo a transfer of the Corporate powers. i)rivileges and facilities of tlie Company to the Class A Com- pany, or to a Company in accordance with a scheme agreed to by the Class A mm 68 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. Board of Directors, and tlio Diroolors of Class 1>, and as the transfer Bill pro- vided for the appointment of one or more I)ire;!tors to enter into and execnte an agreement for sneli transfer und(.>r the Seal of the Company. Tiie President and two of the Directors were appointed for that purpose. At the mcctln<>; of the Directors on 15th I\Iay, a letter was read from the London Secretary, informinuj the Board that a ni'w Company had l)ccn organized in England for the completion of the Railway to Woodstock, and that several in- fluential gentlemen had join(!d the new JJoard. This intelligence was then received, as it might well be, with much gratiiication ; and, as the Act for extending the time for construction and compU^tion contained a clause providing that X8,()00 should be spent within the year, it was of great importance that no time should be lost in conuncncing the work, and the London Board was now assuri'ti of the cordial assistance and co-operation of the Local Board in cai'rying out the measures ne- cessary for the completion of the transfer of all powers, pi-ivileges and facilitii^s to thorn. It was suggested to the London Board to delegate some person or per- sons to proceed to the Colotiy and arrange all preliminaries, and Mr. Byrne, the Secretary, was mentioned as one mo^t fit for this important service, on account of the knowledge he already i)Ossesscd from his former visits. In accm-Jaucc, therefore, with the expressed wishes of the Local Board the London Directors de- puted J. W. Byrne and .loslah Bates, P]sqrs., the latter of the new Company, to proceed to St. Andrews. These gentlemen presented themselves at a Board Meet- ing, held on the ISth of October, as a deputation from the "New Brunswick and Canada Railway and Land (Jomj)any," (Limited), and the Class A Shareholders of the " St. Andrews and Quebec Railway Company." !Mr. Byrne read the minut(!s of the latter Company, (hited 28th September. He then submitted the Deed of Transfer between the three C()ni])anies as executed by Class A Shareholders and the new Ctnnpany in Kngland ; I)tit as no reference had been made ther(;in to tlii! Class B StockhoUlers, independent of tiie Provincial Govennnent Stock, nor any provision made regarding such Stock in the Articles of Association of the trans- feree Company, it was then; and then nmtually understood and agreed between the Local Board of Dir(!ctors and Josiah Bates, as the Agent and Delegate, and J. W. Byrne, the Secretary of the transferee Comi)any, that stock shouhl be allot- ted to Class B in excl. go lor that tlusn held by them, ])rovided apjdication be made l)y the same within two months atliM- notice in the Provincial "Royal Gazette." It was then resolved that tlu; agreement for transfer, as submitted, be approved and accepted by the Board in accordance with the resolutions passed at the Oonoral Meeting held on (ith of May. Tiie Seal of the Company was accord- ingly atlixed thereto. The l)(!i)utation further explained to the Board, that with regard to the original grant of 1(),()()() aiires transferred by the Class B to the Class A Shareholders, in order to raise funds thereon, and pi-evcnt a suspension of the work, it hud Ixien propo.xed l)y the ('lass ]i to transfer 20,000 acres ti» SAINT ANDREWS AND QUETIEC RAILWAY no to Class A in coiis-idt'ration of an advatu o l)v tlio lattci- of £10,000. which aiiiomit h;i(l l)Pon siibscrilx'd 1»_\ Mr. TJonj. Sliarpo and six otlioi'.s: tlio new Company luid allowed these bonus hohhn-s to retain the 10,000 acres previously transferred, they, with the exception of ilr. Sliarpe, having surretidorod all claim to the second 10,000 acres. In the opinion of the Board the terms i)roposed by the new ( ■oini)any, and accepted by the St. Andrews and Quebec Company, Averc fair and equitable t> both classes of Shareholders in the latter Company, and especially towards Class A whose losses would have l)een irreparably the frreatest had the old Company l)ecn broken up and dissolved. From the minutes of this, the last mcetimi: of a Board of Directors in tln! Province, the foUowhij^ information is further obtained : — That the Deputation from Enirland in Septend)or, 1855, comprised of Messrs. Sharpe and Radclifle, had the eflect of damajiincj the interest of the Company with the Provincial Government: that the correspondence then condticted by Mr. Sharpo with the Provincial Secretary was injudicious and imjiroper and had an injurious eflect: that the Board entirely disappi'oved of Mr. Sharpe's proceedin<]?s : that the deputation ijrnored the existence of a Board, and acted on tlieir own re- sponsibility, which resulted, as could only be expected, in a compUite failure : that Messrs. Sharpe and Radclifle had spent but two days at St. Andrews, and nine days at Frcdericton, and havin<» made no investif^ation into the aflair.s of the Comjiany were consetiuently unable, on their return to Eufrland, to submit any other than the meagre and worthless Report that had l)ecn inflicted upon Earl Fitzwilliani. Messrs Byrne and JJates next proccHuled to Fredericton where they had several interviews with His Excellency in Council, and completed the object of their mission most agreeably and satisfactorily. During theii- visit to Fredericton, and after their business had been conclud- ed with the Executive Council, Mr. Julius Thon)pson was appointed by them as Manager to the new Company, and the writer, — who was then engaged protem. as Engineer to the Board of Works Department, — was also appointed by them as (■hief l'higine(M" lo tin; said (-ompany ; both appointments to be subject to the con- firmation of the Directors of the new Company alter Messrs. Byrne and Bates returned to Mngland: they took th(>ir departure on the 10th November. — The ap- pointments of Manager and Chief Engineer wore subsequently confirmed by tlii' Board of Dii-ectors at London, and insti'uctlons were received to proceed with tin- works at once. The repairs on the first 'if) miles formed the first Contract, jvnd was let to Mr. Geo. Wrlgley. Ft compriscMl such work as excavations in cleaning out cut- tings, with side drains, wideninv (!ml)ankinents, additional culverts, taking? up rails 70 SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. and the continuous liemlock sills, aud rc-layiuf? rails and cross sleepers of cedar and iiacmatac; putting down sidini^s and additional track in Depot yard, together with some ballasting: portions of the trestle bridging of hemlock were also re- paired. Amount paid, £3,261 1 Is. 2d. To provide for the re-laying of the worst portions of the track, various contracts were made during the first winter sufficient supply of slecper-«-, in all altout 43,000, at an expenditure of .i The finishing up of the broken work, between tlie 25th and 32nd miles, wa^ m two contracts, the first section to ^Messrs. Ilinton and ^Mcggctt, which cost £1,475 23 lid., and the second section to Mr. Thos. Wibberley, which amounted to £1,- 942 13s. 2d. The ballasting and track laying on these sections as far as Lawrence's, as also the ballasting of the upper portion of the first 25 mile section, was let by contract to Mr. S. 11. Whitlock, and this work amounted to £1,G89 18s. lid. On the 8th day of December a contract was entered into with Mr. George H. Marsh, of Calais, State of Maine, for the grading of the road bed and track laying from the commencement of the 32nd mile to the end of the 39th mile, and then known as his 8 mile contract, in execution of which he received a total mea- surement and certified estimate for the sum of £10,002 9s. Od. ; *he value of cross sleepers required to lay from the 25th mile to the end of this co itract was esti- mated at £2,110 Os. Od. The l»allasting of this S mile Section was subsequently let to Mr. Nathan Smart, who had the use of the Company's Rolling Stock to do the same, and which amounted to £2,39(5. The opening of the first 34 miles of the Road to Barber Dam Station took place October 1st, 1857, on which occasion there was u general holiday excursion. The train left St. Andrews Station at 9.45 A. M., consisting of two Engines, two break vans, one Passenger Car, and twenty-two short j)latform cars fitted up to accommodate 34 ])ersons each. The number of pass(mgers was upwards of (500. An excellent run up was made in two hours, including two stoppages, one lor wood ami water, and the other at the Frederic- ton Road Station (25th mile) to take uj) the Provincial Secretary and Surveyor (reneral. During this period a Contract was completed for the extension of the line from the terminus proper at St. Andrews along the eastern .shore of the inner harbour to the Market Wharf, comprising embankments, block-bridging and super- structure, by Mr. William Craig, of Chamcook. The clearing of the line on the 21 mile Section, terminating at Deer-lake Station, together with the grading and track 4aying of the first 11 miles of this Section, ending at Cranberry Brook, (50th mile), was 'let by Contract to Geo. S. Marsh, aforesaid, who was paid, on final measur(>ment and certificate, the sum of £16,327 8s. 5d. The second sec- tion of 40 miles on the 21 inile Section, as also the succeeding live miles to Can- terbury, was contracted for by Messrs. Mee and Williams. The amount expended ,on these two Contracts, embracing 15 miles, exclusive of the track laying and bal- lasting, was £36,257 16s. lOd. In addition to the grading, the amount expended on sleepers, track laying and ballasting on the whole 26 miles, terminating at Cante from Dunca gradir line w SAINT ANDREWS AND QUEBEC RAILWAY. 71 Canterbury Station, was ,£8,220 4.s. fid. The laying of the track and ballasting from Cranberry broolc to Canterbury, 15 miles, was let by contract to Messrs. Duncan and William McDonald, of Upper Canada, to whom also was let the grading of the road bed from Canterbury to f]el River Station, 10 miles. The line was opened, through to Canterbury, 65 miles, for traffic in December, 1858. Mr. Henry Osburn, who succeeded Mr. Julius Thompson as Martager, next concluded a contract with Messrs. Walker and Johnston for the completion of the road to the Richmond terminus, on the high road between Woodstock and Houl- ton, which was opened for traffic during the month of July, 1862. The articles of this contract provided that the Company were to pay the Contractors in (irst Mortgage bonds at 20 per cent, discount and bearing G per cent, interest for all description of work mentioned in the Specification and Schedule of prices thereto attached, with an addition of ten per cent, to said Schedule of prices, in finishing the broken work on McDonald's Contract from Canterbury to Eel River, 10 miles, and payment to be made in cash for all additions and alterations causing addi- tional cost from the plans and specification. The Contractors having experienced great difficulty in floating all the JJonds, except at too much sacrifice, were compelled to suspend operations, l)ut succeeded in getting the rails laid to the terminus, by the introduction of temporary bridging in lieu of embanKment. At the time of opening, therefore, the construction of the line was incomplete. In consequence of the inability of the Company in England to meet the amount of interest on the Mortgage bonds, the Manager, Mr. Osbui-n, was also appointed Receiver in 1863, on the piirt of the Bond holders, and ♦lie line has since been worked for their benefit ; but as the Company then owned so small a. quantity of rolling stock, and the line l)eing left unfinished under tlie last contract, it became necessary to expend from year to year, in addition to the cost of mainten- ance, large sums out of the earnings in completing the earthworks, masonry and ballasting, and for increasing the rolling stock and machinery, for repairs to Lo- comotives, &c., the balance of excess being fiiniished by the bond holders. Since the opening of the main line, two branch lines have been opened and are now run over — one from Saint Stephen, 19 miles in length, opened January. 1866, the other from Woodstock, 1 1 miles, opened in September, 1868. These branches were built by provincial Companies facilitated by the Local Government Subsidy Act, passed! II th April, 1864, wliich granted a bonus of $10,000 per mile in aid of the con- struction of proposed railways therein mentioned. With reference to the construe-^ tion of the Intercolonial railway l\v a (.-ompany, the 6tli clause of said A(^t provides as follows : "6. In ciiso the Act of .\i»8on>l)ly, nmdo nnil passod in tho twonty-sixtti ycirof Hility a . tl.u Governor in Council iniiy ik'cuu nL^cL'.iSiiry, tlic Governor in Council ii \ievhy fiii- tiiorizoJ and einiiow-tircd to entur into an airrecnient with such (/unipnny or llody Corporate for tl'.f (jonstrnftion of mich liino upon the following term.--, viz : That upon the (■ompletion of such lino ot railway, in elKcient operation for the acijonunodation of iiassenjjers and Uansjiortation of luerchan- dize, the Governor in Council shall each and every year thereafter in which ^e said lino of railway nha!l he ctHcieiitly worked, pay to the t-aid Coniininy or IU)dy (,'orporate a .■■um.wliicli, together with the net earninj,'s of the saiil railway, tihall ho cunal to the interest of Six peKt't'nt- upon the actual (■o*t of said line so agreed to ho built, such sum not to exceed in any one year the sum of twenty tliDUJ^.md pounds currency." Til-.; {iuiiex(;d tabulated statement shews tiie- progressive eaniiiig.s ol" the ?5t. Andrews Thk; to Rlelimond augmented by the St. Stephen and Woodstot^k branches : i PASSES- I (iKBN. rnKtoHT l.V. i I'HKICIIT j DOWN. VKAK. 18(52 ■ I. so;] i 18(541 18(55 18(?G 18(57 1 i 8(58 1 .(5,i;5i 8,038 8,243 15,000 1(5,501 :],911-1!) . 27,170-51 '1,221-57 i ;i7.:!l(5-15 (5,4(51-4;} ! 4(5,112-02 6,520-58 i 49,080-1(5. UFXKIi'TiS I'ASHESliEUS AM) MAILS. RECEIPTS I I'KEn;llT. $ l-tH. 1^ CtS. 6,(573 03 14,708 53 0,i>8l 32 33,230 1(8 (5,008 21 40,017 00 7,894 73 15,133 84 0,035 18 50,287 35 1.5,3112 20 (5(5,38!l 07 10,077,23 ; 80,071 0!) ■ ■OTAL 1 KECKHTS. 1 ■ 1 1 i uU>. 21 441 50 1 10 .212 30 j •10 ,085 24 '■ 53 ,238 57 05 .322 53 7:t .7M 35 lo;; .;5.18 32 EsvENDiTi ni:. 57,51(7 50.181 71,503 73,172 27 81 41 5(1 The proportion per imU'. ^>{' receipts for freight, in 18G7. On E. «& N. A. ilaihvnv. Do. Do. .$0 . 7 15 00 70 00 For half vein- ending' .hr.e 30tli, 1808. per mile $304 00 E. & X. A. Railwtiy, Do. Do 404 00 S>}inl. Andrews N. IL, Dcamhcr 31.s< 1808. I