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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmis en commen^ant par la premiere page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la derniire page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparattra sur ia derniAre image tie cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbole — ^ signifie "A SUIVRE", le symbole V signifie "FIN". Las cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre filmte d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul ciichi, il est film6 d partir de Tangle si.'i^.^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en has, en prenant le nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants iiiustrent la mithode. rata D leltire. J 32X 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 \ i' ^ TxiE TOURIST'S NOTE-BOOK il BY J. M. LeMOINE, AUTHOR OF QUEBEC PAST & PRESENT. SECOND EDITION. i^ QUEBEC: F. X. GARANT & Co., EDITORS, Fabrique street, Upper Town. 1876 iH i )n*n>i l )at ii —— "*" ^''"T-mT > W tM > ^i^ai»>iv^ia>*B«WM'>*-a*-- ■ I V /- ^f/S ■"'^*ANa«ft„ '1'^''' "■■nr T-"- ■■^''TV iatSli£i*i:^^^^i' ^iMi i Uh'J t^,t.'!^^ '.i lK»i*i "■Mf-'-'W-" "Wf TO Hon. W. C. HOWELLS, CONSUL FOR THE UNITED STATES AT QUEBEC These notes are inscribed in remem- brance of the unceasing interest he has taken in the social and literary welfare of the citizens of Quebec, By. The Author. Spencer Grange, Dominion Day 1876. ir II INTRODUCTION. The favor with which tlio first odition of this littlo book was rcceivotl, lias induced tho writer to issiTO a second, in a more extended and as he liopos, a more useful form. It is unnecessary to observe that these desultory notes are not intended to take tho place of a Guide-Book. Tourists seeking for thorough information on Quohcc, are referred to the several Guide Books in circulation ; those curious of studying its annals, v.'iil tind tlioin com- prehensively set fourth in Quiobec Past and Piiksi<:nt, just issued from the press : an illustrated volume of nearly 500 pages, to be had at any city book store. It has been deemed useful to the cause of city im- provements, to re-publish here, the excellent paper, con- tributed last winter, by Alex. J. liussell Esq., of Ottawa, in the Ottawa TimeSj on the Plans of City embellishment, suggested by the Earl of Dufforin. J. M. LeMOINE. Spencer Grange, Dominion Day, 1876. ST. LOUIS GATE. Built 1693~Razed 1871. ■I ^ r if ■■ •*tSi4..».--»..' * I QUEBEC AS SEKN BY AMERICAN, ENGLISH, FIIKNCII, AND CANA- DIAN WUITEUS OF NOTE. QrrEREC, founded by Sannicl do Clinnipliiin, in 1G08, lias ccrtsniilyimu'li toi'ocoinnuMKl licrsclf, l)y lioririoini- moiita, lier liifttoriciil niomoricsaiidUcrscciuMy, to tlio trnveller — tlio Hcliolar — the liisloilan. Tlio wintering of tlu^ von tmvsonie Jac(| lies Cartior on the hanks of tiro St. Cliarles, in 1'35-G, by ilsvomotonoss, ia an incidont of intcu'ost not only to Canadians, but also to every denizen of Ameriea. It takes one back to an erji nearly coeval witli the discovery of the continent by Cobinibus — much anterior to the foundation of Jamestown, in 1G07 — anterior to that of. St. Augustine in Florida, in 1592. Quebec luis, then, a right to call herself an old, a very old, city of the west. The colonization of Canada, or, as it was formerly called, New France, was undertaken by companies of French merchants engaged in the fur trade, close on whose steps followed a host of devoted missionaries, who found in the forests of this new and attractive country, ample scope for the exercise of their religious enthusiasm. It was at Quebec that these Christian «•< i' It M ,11 liinf ii ' iiiiiii'ii lifijg''"'W^tiTitM «l heroes landed ; from licnce, they started for the forest primeval, the bearers of the olive branch of Chris- tianity, of civilization. A fatal mistake committed at the outset by the French commanders, in taking part in the Indian wars, more tlian once brought the incipient colony to the verge of rnin : during these periods, scores of devoted miss'onaries fell under the sculping knife or suffered incredible tortures, amongst the merciless savages whom they had come to reclaim. Indian massacres became so frequent, so appalling, that on several occasions the French thought of giving up the colony for ever. The rivalry between France and England, added to the hardHhips and dangers of the few hardy colonists established at Quebec. Its environs, the shores of its noble river, more than once became the battle-fields of European armies. These were periods of strife, happily gone by } we hope, forever. In his ^^ Pioneers of France in the New World/'' the gifted Frs. Parkman mournfully reviews the vanished glories of old France in her former vast dominions, in America. , " The French dominion is amemor^ of the past \ and when we evoke its departed shades, they rise upon us from their graves in strange romantic guise. Again their ghostly camp-fires seem to burn, and the fitful light is cast around on lord and vassal and black-robed priest, mingled with wild forms of savage warriors, knit in close fellowship on the same stern errand. A boundless vision grows upon us : an untamed continent «i ^ forest Cliris- ►y the i wars, to the Bvoted affered avages ssacres several colony 1 gland, r hardy ns, the jne the periods t^/' the mished ons, in it ; and pon us Again He fitful robed tirriors, ind. A itinent ST. JOHN'S GATE. Built iu 1693-RebuiU ia ISat i \^ i ( ( I ; :t — 7 — vast wastes of forest verdure ; mountains silent in primeval sleep; river, lake, and gliraraeriiig poolj wilderness oceans mingling with the sky. Such was tlie domain Avhicli France conquered for civilization.* Plumed helmets gleamed in the shade of its forests; priestly vestments in its dens and fastnesses of an- cient barbarism. Men steeped in antique learning, pale with tlie close breath of the cloister, here spent the noon and evening of their lives, ruled savago hordes with a mild, i^arental sway, and stood serene before the direst shapes of death. Men of a courtly nurture, heirs to the polish of a far-reaching ancestry, here, with their dauntless hardihood, put to shame the boldest sons of toil." Of all this mighty empire of the past Quebec was the nndispnted capital, the fortress, the key-stone. It would be a curious study to phicein juxta position the impressions i)roduced on Tourists by the view of Quebec and its environs — from Jacques Cartier, tlie discoverer of Canada, down to \^llli{im Howard Kussell. Chamidain, La Potherie, La Hontan, Le Beau, Du Creux (Crenxius), Peter Kalm, Knox, Silliman, Am- pere, Mrs. Moodie, Anthony Trollope," Sala, Thoreau, Henry Ward Eeecher, have all left their impressions of the rocky citadel. " The scenic beauty of Quebec lias been the themo of general eulog3^ The mnjestic appearance ofCiipe Diamond and the fortifications, the cupolas and min- arets, like those of an eastern city, blazing and spark- c w 8 — 'n ling in the Bun, the loveliness of the panorama, the nohlo basin, like a slieet of pniost silver, in which might rido with safety a Imndn'd sail of the line, the •graceful niejindering of the river St. Charles, the nu- merous village spires on either side of the St. Law- rence, the fertile fields dotted with innumerable cot- tages, tlie abode of a rich and moral peasantry, — the distant falls of Montmorency, — the park like scenery of Pointe Levi, — the beanteous Isle of Orleans, — and more distant still, the frowning Cape Tourmente, and tlie lofty range of pnrple mountains of the most piotu resque form, which, without exaggeration, is scarcely to be surpassed in any part of the world." (Hawkins.) " Quebec recalls Angouleme to my mind : in the up- per city, stairways, narrow streets, ancient houses on the verge of the cliffy in the lower city, the new for- tunes, commerce, workmen ; — inboth, many shops and much activity. "(M. Sand.) ^^ Take mountain and plain, sinuous river, andbroad, iranquil waters, stately ship and tiny boat, gentle hill and shady valley, bold headland and rich, fruitful .^elds, frowning battlement and cheerful villa, glitter- ing dome and rural spire, flowery garden and sombre forest, — group them all into the choicest picture of ideal ;)eauty your fancy can create ; arch it over with a cloudless sky, light it up with a radiant sun, and lest the sheen should be too dazzling, hang a veil of light- ad haze over all, to soften the lines and perfect the re- pose, — you will then have seen Quebec on this Sept- ejnber morning. " (Ehot Warburton.) \a, the which le, the he nii- ;. Law- le cot- Y, — the icenery 1, — aud te, and j pictu carcely wkins.) the up- ases on ew for- pps and broad, tie hiU fruitful Iglitier- Isombre >f ideal Iwith a d lest If light- Ithe re- s Sept- *1-. , .. -, 1. ,_, " '.""■'V. ,-« -y * • .^ v. '>■ MH a. — 9 " I rubbed my eyes to bo sure I was in the nine- teenth century, and was not entering one of those portals which sometimes adorn the frontispioce of old black letter volumes. I thought it would be a good place to read Froissart's Chronicles. It was such a reminescence of the Middle Ages as Scott's Novels. ^* Too much has not been said about the scenery of Quebec. The fortifications of Oap Diamond are om- nipresent. You travel 10, 20, 30 miles, up or down the river's banks, you ramble 15 miles among tlie liills on either side, and then, when you have long since for- gotten them, perchance slept on them by the way, at a turn of the road or of your body, then they are still with their geometry against the sky "No wonder if Jacques Cartier's pilot exclaimed in Norman-French Que heel (" Wliat a peak !)" when ho saw this cape, as some suppose. Every modern tra- veller uses a similar expression " The view from Cape Diamond has beeti compared by European travellers with the most remarkable views of a similar kind in Europe, such as from Edin- burgh Castle, Gibraltar, Cintia, and others and pre- ferred by many. A main peculiarity in this, compared with other views wliich I have beheld, is that it is from the ramparts of a fortified (dty, and not from a solitary and majestic river cape alone that this view is obtained. . .1 still remember the harbor far beneath me, sparkling like silver in the sun,— the answering headlands of Pointe Levi on the S. E., — the frowning Cape Tourmente abrupty bounding the seaward view >Mf> fw — lO — 1\ I'l'. in tlieN. E. — the villa, aud 93id. lont the [18 many jiiiercial k as tlie vywlioro mn city England, ty of the i while it irn coiis- its civi- cloao by, B barren the same jiiing the je verities jne time 8 of our upside of I diero thej ce) findj sh Puri" ights : Intill 759,1 I America, it possess ,.,-^^ssiNa-e^j- PRESCOTT GATE. Built in 1797-~RozeLl in 1871. tJKWHWHWW — 13 — interest of no ordinary character for well-informed tourists. To the traveller, there are innumerable points and items vastly interesting and curious : — the citadel and forts of Cape Diamond, witl) their impregnable ramparts tliat rival Gibraltar in strength and en- durance against siege; the old walls of the city and their gates, each of which has its legend of war and bloody assault and repulse; the plains of Abraham, every foot of which is commemorated with blood and battle ; Wolfe's monument, v/here the gallant and brave soldier died with a shout of victory on his lips ; the Martello towers, with their subterranean communications with the citadel ; the antique churches, paintings, and all her paraphernalia, treasures, and curiosities that are religiously preserved therein ; the falls of Montmorenci; th« natural steps; Montcalm's house, and a thousand other relics of the mysterious past that has hallowed the^o with all the mystic in- terest that attaches to antiquity, great deeds, and beautiful memories. To see pU these, a tourist requires at least two days' time; and surely no one who pre- tends to be a traveller, in these days of rapid transit, will fail to visit Quebec, the beat city, the most hos- I)itable place, o-nd richer in its wealth of rare sights and grand old memorials, French peculiarities and English oddities, than any otiier city on this broad continent/ In th^rosy days of his budding fame, the gifted Henry Ward Beecher discourses as follows, of the Hock City. ^' Curious old Q lebec !— of all the cities on the co|^t m 14 — it •; tinent of America, the quainfcest. * * * It is a popu- lated cliff. It is a luigbty rocL, scarped and graded, aud made to hold houses a-ud castles whicli, by a pro- per natural law, ought to slide off fiom its back, like an uii girded load from a camel's back. But they stick. At the foot [of the rocks, the space of several streets in width has been stolen from the river. * * * We landed. * ♦ * * " Away we went, climbing the steep streets at a canter with little horses hardly bigger than flies, with an aptitude for climbing perpenilicular walls. It was strange to enter a walled city through low and gloomy gates, on this continent of America. Here was a small bit of mediaeval Europe i)erched upon a rock, and dried for keeping, in this north-east corner of America, a curiosity that has not its equal, in its kind, on this side of the ocean. ****** " We rode about as if we were in a picture-book, turning over a new leaf at each street j * * * * The place should always be kept old. Let peojde go somewhere else for modern improvements. It is a shame, when Quebec placed herself far out of the way, up in the very neighbourhood of Hudson's Bay, that it should be liunted and harassed with new- fangled notions, aud all the charming inconveniences and irregularities that narrow aud tortu^s streets, that so delight a traveller's eyes, should J^ altered to suit the fantastic notions of modern people. *'* * " Our stay in Quebec was too short by far. But it was long enough to make it certain that we shall como back again. A summer in Canada would form — 15 — popu- ■aded, ^ pvo- , like they ieveral # * * at a wit>i bs 58, It waa gloomy was a a rock, jrner of 1, in its * * re-l)Ook, 1* * The ople go It is a it of the n's Bay, 1th new- leniences streets, altered *^* * But it re shall lid form one of the most delightful holidays that we can imagine. We mean to prove our sincerity by our conduct. And then, if it is not all that our imagi- nation promises, we will write again and confess. "1 Professor Benjamin Silliman discourses thus : ^' A seat of ancient dominion — now hoary with the lapse of more than two centuries — lormerly the seat of a French empire in the west — ^lost and won by the blood of gallant armies, and of illustrious com- manders — throned on a rock, and defended by all the proud defiance of war ! Who could approach such a city without emotion 1 Who in Canada has not longed to cast his eyes on the water-girt rocks and towers of Quebec?" — (Silliman's Tour in Ganaday 1819. Let us complete this mosaic of descriptions and literary gems, borrowed from English, French, and American writers, by a sparkling tableau of the his- toric memories of Quebec, traced by a French Ca- nadian litterateur of note : Houb. P. J. 0. Chauveau. " History is everywhere —around us beneath us; from the depths of yonder valleys, from the top of tliiit mountain, history rises up and presents itself to to our notice, exclaiming : ' Behold me !' '^ Beneath us, among the capricious meanders of the liiver St. Charles, the Cahir-Coubat of Jacques- Cartier, is the very place where he first planted the j cross and held his first conference with the Seigneur IBonaconna. Here, very near to us, beneath a vene- pible elm tree, which, with muchcegret, we saw cut (I) New-York Ledger. — 16 — m ["> down, tradition states that Cliam plain first raised his tent. From the very spot on whicli we noAV stand, Count de Frontenac returned to Admiral Pliipps that proud answer, as he said, from the mouth of his cannon, which will always remain recorded by history. Under these rampnn*fBMWMWW *l * (0 Tiiiirisis nm HMh. Quebec at 6 a. „., r„ ^/dittL f" f ' '*"'' '«'*<=''"'g Jaees, equal to those orft^ *" *''*'«« floating „«! Jom Montreal: tire U 7lso 7 ''m '"^ *° «"«''«« ^,^2:'J:r^:X',;';^-nd w, _^. J'-ere are at Quebec bZvT^^" "^ '^^" ^'"•"'«''- amisomeexte,.siveonerLch«fr" "' '""">r hotels, ae Mo„nt,un Hill House anfm N"""'*"'*, Hencbe^^'s «"' counting the lar^e VicS k f I"''" ''"^-^l^' "''"'' f l.ree large liotels-L St ? - - "' ^"""^^ ^"«»'ec. »n» the -tels during tbe slinZ L^tt °'j'.^'*-« -* «-- to tbe comfort and civilftv ", ' , ""^"•"'tly testifies The city and env '""'' '^^ '^'»^«"«r. feo-flvet"o:bttr:n:r^:':s-^" •'^^^ -^^«." ' Quebec Past AND PRESENT." "'ff M !{"" ■^Si-^Wwil «|,^ MM I — 18 — Murray Bay, KaTiionraska, Cacoiina, Kimouski, M^tis, Gaspe, and other noted watering places. Quebec can minister abundantly to the tastes of those who like to ride, drive, fish, or shoot. Let ns s(^e >vlwit the city contains : — First, the St. Louis Chateau : the corner stone of the wing still existing was laid on 5th ^Ijiy 1784 by Governor Ilal- diniand, to enlari»e the old Chateau (burnt down in January, 1834 ): this mouldering pile, now nsed as the Normal School, is all that rcniidns of the stately edifice of old, overhanging and facing the Cul-de-Sac, where the lordly Count de Frontenac held his quasi regal court in IG91 ; next, the Laval University, founded in 1854, conferring degrees under its royal charter. The course of studies is similar to that of the celebrated European University of Lou vain j then, there is the Quebec Seminary, erected by Bishop Laval, a Montmorency, in 1063 -, the Uisuline Con- vent founded in 16*39 by Madame de la Peltrio; this nunnery, with the J^asiUca, which was built in 1646, contains many valuable paintings, which left France about 1817; the General Hospital, founded in 1693 by Monseigneur de St. Vallier; in J 759, it was the chief hospital for the wounded and dying during the memorable battle of the J3th Sep- tember — Arnold and his continentals found protec- tion against the rigors of a Canadian winter behind its walls in 1775-6 j the Ilotel-Dieu nunnery, close to Palace Gate, dating mojc than two hundred years back. — 19 As to tho views to be obtained from DiiiLam Ter- race, the Glacis and the Citadel, they are unique in grandeur ; each street has its own familiar vista of the surrounding country. It is verily, as Henry Ward Beecher well expresses it, " like turning over tho leaves of a picture-book." A city crowning the summit of a lofty cape must necessarily be arduous of access j and when it is remembered how irregular is the plateau on which it stands, having yet for thoroughfares the identical In- dian paths of Stadacona, or the narrow avenues and approaches of its first settlers in 1608, it would be vain to hope for regularity, breadth, and beauty, in streets such as many modern cities can glory in. It ir; yet in its leading features, a city of the 17th cen- tury, —a quaint, curious, drowsy, but healthy loca- tion for humim beings j a cheap place of abode ; if you like, a crenelated fort, with loop-holes, grim- looking old guns, embrasures, pyramids of shot and shell J such the spectacle high up in the skies, in the airy locality called the Upper Town. Some hundred feet below, it e.vhibit>s a crowded mart of commerce, with vast beaches, where rafts of timber innumerable rest in safety, a few perches from where a whole fleet of Great Easterns might ride secure, on the waters of the famed river. The two main roads outside the city, the St. Foye and St. Lewis Roads, are lined with the country seats of successful Quebec merchants, judges, professional men, retired English ofl&cers, &c. On his way from the St. Louis Hotel, St. Louis street, ' ( 7 ill — 20 — sm ...\ \ 1^ cl tlio tourist notices, a few steps westward, first the Music Hall, next tlie antiquated one-story liouse where Brigadier General Richard Montgomery was laid out after being found in his snowy shroud at Prc^s- de-Ville, on the 3l8t December, 1775. This decayed old dwelling is but one story high. In 1775, it be- longed to one Gobert, a cooper; and Brigadr. -General Montgomery's remains, after having been identified by Mrs. Miles Prentice, by a scar on his face, were deposited there, and removed on the 4th January, 1776 to be buried in the gorge of the bastion at Louis Gate. Mr. L. G. Baillairg^, advocate, the present owner of this house, has commemorated this incident by an inscription on it, visible to every beholder. Nor has tradition failed to surround this antiquated rookery with her mystic halo. More than one Jehu has poured into the willing ear of tourists, the sorrowful tale of the great soldier's burial and pointed out the hole cut through the partition of the small room, in order to stretch to their full length the long legs of the illus- trious dead hero, when he was laid out. It is to be hoped some enthusiastic Irish antiquary will yet spring up in the old city, who will be able to restore and set to music, the wail which echoed through the building, at Montgomery's wake ; no decent Hibernian would in those days have been allowed to die without a wake. . After passing the Drill-Shed, the Female Orphan Asy- lum, the Ladies' Protestant Home, facing St. Bridget's Asylum, and adjoining the area which the Quebec Se- Boinary intended to lajjr out as a Botanical Garden^ the BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF URSULINES CONVENT. .«..•<■ '► gt» int lUi — 21 _ «;•<•>' iH-.ls hi. ,.„,,,,,,,. ,' ' ; • f o ^Mvat battle, wluuo Jau,c« \V..lf„, ,l,e , V """'''« '''« «|.ot «"«t, i« tI,o ,v<.ll ,■..,..,. w ,.,'"■"' "■''•''■"•'• 'J'" tl.« >m..«tonI,is,,a.d„.,lli,,, Ae ^''"« I'loono.l to -;;; -n tho PH<.ipito.,v;:: , r,: '^f i''' "t- •» '^ ^vlMcli tlio IfigI.liin,I,.,« a.„7 '. , • ^''"'« ^"'•■", by " '""tingubov:, OM toes ' ""'"'■"'•« Sai .ed their ascent of tho St. Uwrom.o w'?'/"'", '•"'"<''l "' •"■ougljt with tho,u f,„,a j^X^^ •■' r'"':'ch priHoner :'t Sillerywa« selected it -17 \'''t "' May, J759, escaped om r ""';*"' «'«!'»> ^l-o Lad, »"'"'g, Com whence lie tj 1, '-"«'"'''' "' ^ouis- "'"■«' fl«et at Quebec T « f'" ."«"'" ^" "-■«' Sa„„. Jboinhill, Sir Francis riinek,. ,*;;;?' ""^^ "■'-«« Past to u,.d K,gi,. . opposite, i," ';;;"•;' - -» P-«ier •Sponcer Wood, so grutefaM '•'*'^ ^'^'^'^ »f >"y Lord used to saj'«Ti; ,","""' '''*''■'»'' tl'"' toJivo, b„t would JiVe ft V /";.""' ""'>" ^°^ed comes Spencer Gran.-e thl ! ^* ''"'"■«•" Next J^««b;then. Woodfild'tS' ;*'•'" "* "^- ^'- I^^Moine, ;V'.'. Sheppard, in 7, X ^M '""' "^ "'" «-' Jas. Gibb. The eye nc-it J "''• "^"''» I^- a"d Of -r- Michael, e nb we .'"i '^ "" "" ™^«'= Church -' h loows out, at SoZiel '."''''S'''^"^ ^ close to -us-Murie; then, you sS'^i" ^•'''''''^ «— ^t > you see Tilhis iimumerabje— J ' :'il Of 1 jllli' — 22 that is, if yon enter beyond the secluded portals of Benmore, Col. Rhodes' country scat j Benmore is well worthy of a call, where it only to i)rocure a houqaet. This is not merely the Eden of roses, Col. Rhodes has combined the farm with tlie garden. His underground rhubarb and mushroom cellars, hisboundless asparagus beds and strawberry plantations, are a source of profit to himself and credit io Quebec. Next come Clermont, Beau voir, Kilmarnock, Cataraqui, Kilgraston, Kirk- Ella, Meadaw Bank, &c., until, after a nine-miles'drive, Redclyffe closes the rural landscape — RedclyflPe, on the top of Cap Rouge promontory. There, many indi- cations yet mark the spot where Roberval's ephemeral colony wintered as far back as 1542. You can now, if you like, return to the city by the same route> or select the St. Foye Road, skirting the classic heights where General Murray, six months after the first battle of the Plains, lost the second, on the 28th April, 1760 ; the St. Foye Church was then occui)ied by the British soldiers. Your gaze next rests on Holland House, Montgomery's headquarters in 1775, behind which is Holhmd Tree, overshadowing, as of yore, the grave of the Hollands. (I) The view, from the St. Foyeroad, of the meandering St. Charles below, especially duriug the high tides, is something to be remembered. The tourist shortly after detects the iron pillar, surmounted by a l)ronze statue of Bellona, presented in 1855 by Prince Napo- leon Bonaparte — intended to commemorate the fierce (I) For account of the duel, wliidi laid low one of the Ilollanda, Bee Maple Jjeaves for 1863. The tree however has lately been dea- troyed by a storm. tals of is well ouqdet. lea lias omid |ri' ►aragus f profit jrinont, , Kirk- s'drive, , on the y indi- lemeral ,u now, )ute> or heights he first li April, by the loUand "behind >f yore, iidering 1 tides, shortly bronze Napo- e fierce HolUuuia, beeu dea- |^pi|i^.|||| •Vir-s-^f^.^sf'r; .^^:Sif>; vi*' f^^/'JTt^^-. MOXCMENT OF STE. FOVK. 17G0. ^ ^r *: w. 1IHH mm i ' t I 11 tl b OJ IK rc 0( Oi ai] CO til an to DU COl tlu ab( mo (i hiiY To fioti ed ii Map I •Wed mout — 23 — struggle of 23 til April, 17G0. In close vicinity, appear tlie bright parterres or nmbrageous groves of jBclleviiey Hamwood, Bijou, WestfieUl, Sans-Bruitj and the narrow gothic arclies of the Finliiy Asylum ; soon the travelleL' re-enters by St. Jolm's suburbs, witli the broad basin of the St. Charles and tlie pretty Island of Orleans staring him in 1^ face. Let him drive down next to see the Montmorency Falls and tlie little room whicli tlie Duke of Kent, Queen Victoria's father occui)ied there in 1793. A trip to the Island of Orleans by the ferry will also rei)ay trouble; half an hour of brisk steaming ^vill do it. The Island contains passable hotel accommodation. Let him cross then to St. Joseph, Levi, in the ferry steamer, and go and behold the most complete, the most formidable, as to plan, the most modern earthworks in the world, making one forget those of Antwerp. They are capable containing three regiments of soldiers. At a point to the north-east of the lower fort, a plunging fire fr'^m above can be brought to bear. whicIi would sink tue most invulnerable iron clad in the world. STADACONA DEPICTA. BY THE OLDEST INHABITANT. " Be it s(>, ray young friend : a quiet ramble we shall have, outside the old city gates. Lend an attentive (I ) The following sketcli being j\n extract fioni a work in prepjiia- tiou for the pre^H, will cover u deal of gromul not includ- ed in wluit proceeds, Some of the best liked ])agea of the Uaples Leaves, I owe to my kind old friend Mr. Sheppfirp," so quaintly sketched by Henry Ward Boeclicr. We will first tread over the classic ground to the west of the city, from St. Louis gate, to Cap llougc. One of the earliest incidents, I can remember, was a ball given about 1793, by Mr. Lymburner, (Adam, I think, was his name), at his mansion in St. Peter Street, when tJie Duke of Kent, our Queen's father attended. Tliis popular sprig of royalty, was then known to our French Canadian fellow citizens, as ^' Le Prince Edouard." I think I see his burly form reviewing i]w troops in Uio Place iVArmes, in front of the Old Chateau . Tlie incident clings to my memory, from the fact that the soldier who beat the big druui in the ba.id, was a ne^ro. Adam Lymburner, His Grace's er-tertainer, was a man of note and ability ; he was selected, and deputed to E^jgland iin 1791, to make representations to tlie Home Government, on Provincial matters. You can read his able discourse in low ; 1847, rides his- ueaii, 1, the forth : and V tiles town, range lenry id to 3 Cap , was \.dam, Peter father then IS, as form ont of mory, druui r, His )ility ; 91, to it, on irse in 'I l|l|lii!|i|'i liil iiii liiplH li I 1 !li|i|i';i||. ',;'i. :r"i 'liii HOPITAL-GENERAL CONVENT. J m i i t Vr ■«<(? .:'*'*S!S»"*-.i^ViS#Ft^ i* ' **- J ^i A.ti-; '^AhB-Si.'ll'l%jB. is^jM^k^'j^S - ' AL.'. ' i!! ! * i !' ?- " ffl ygPT - r^- ^- ?: '. V — 25 — the Canadian EevimVy r^Tiblished at Montreal in 1826. This locality has also {>jcomo historical grouiul. Hero Benedict Arnold and his men, \v:'ro defeated hy Gov- ernor Guy Carletou's intrepid followers, on the 3l8t December, 1775 : here, MajorNairn and Danihourges won imperishable fame by the pluck they showed in repelling the invaders of their country whilst the double traitor Arnold, wounded in the knee, was carried to the General Hospital. No doubt, learned old Lymburner exhibited to Royal Edward, from the drawing-room windows, the spot adjoining, (in rear of W. D. CampbelPs notarijil office,) where v-ighteen years previous, King George's Canadian lieges, by their bravery, added new lustre to the British Arms. By the by, we have come through the Port St. Louis without saluting, as we glided past the modest, very modest little house (now a pastry cook's shoj), for- merly the cooperage of Gobert, No. 38 St. Louis Street,) where, a brave but unlucky Commander, was lying stiff and cold, one New Year's day last century.* Alas ! poor Richard Montgomery, — (1) Wolfe's com- panion in arms, in 1759. Had promotion gone on smoothly and justly in your old corps, tlie I7th Foot, you would not have sold out, and levied war against (1) 13rlgadier Richard Montgomery, who fell at Quebec in 1775 was born iulrelaiid iu J735, — studied at Trinity College Dublin, was coraoiissiouued as Ensigti iuthe 17th Foot on ^lat aug. 1750 — served under Wolfe at Louiabonrg, in 1758 — was promoted to a Ijieute- naiicy 10th aug. 1758. Served under Aoiherat hi 175^5, on Lake Champlain — under Col. llaviland at the reduction of Montreal in 1760 — Subaequeutly went to the West Indies — left New-York for England iu 1767'BoId out iu 1772 aud came to America iu 1773, fT^ ofi Britain, your country, and wlien my friend, Deputy Commissar}^ General Tlionipson, liaudsnio your trusty old rapier, (1) and I reflect wluit nature had made you, I felt as if 1 could weep, on viewing your untimely end, at Pres-de-Ville, on tlio JUst December, 1775. Within a stone's tlirow fronj GohertVs, where Mont- gomery was '^ waked," is tlie late Cliief Justice Jo- nathan Sewell's (2) ^lansion, facing tlie Esphmade. On emerging from St. Louis gate, tlie first object wliicli attracts tlu^ eye, is the straggling form of the Skating Rink ; opposite, stands or rather leans on ' props, a structure still more unsightly, — the Racket Court, much frequented by Lord Monck, when in Quebec. Adjoining, you notice, tlie old home of the Prentices, in 1791, — Bandon Lodge, (3) once the abode of Sandy Simpson (4) whose cat.-o-nine tails, has left lively memories in Wolfe's army — Did the beau- teous damsel about whom Horatio, Lord Nelson, (I) This famous Eaculibiir hiia been recently deposited for Sfife keeping in the museum of the Literary and Historical Society Ht Quebec, by its pie^ent owner Jumes Thompson Ilurrower, Es- quire. ('2) It now contains the Executive Council lloom, and Lieut.- Goveinors town OMce. . (:J) Now a Hoarding House, kej)t by Mrs. Torrance. (4) SaundeiisSimp.son. — " He was Provost ISIarshaliu Wolfe's army, at the artairaof Louisbourg, Quebec and Montreal, and cousin of my Father's. lie resi.ied in tliat house the nearest to Saiut Louis Gate, outside, wliich has not undergone any external alteration since I was a boy." — From Diary of Deputy Commissary General Jas. Thom/pson. mmmmmmm lasty you, iincly '5. Vlont- e Jo- ide. object of the ns on lacket I en in of the abode as left beau- felson, or safe Society er, Es- Lieiit.- Wolfe'a Id conaiti Ito Siiiiit lexteniJil maissary JACQUES-CARTIEE I h Pi #" *l ■>^ .w^^' I - a * " !^- — 27 raved in 1782, when, as Commander of the Albemarle, sloop of war, ho was i)liihindcring in Quebec, live here ? This is more tliau I can say. Close by, looms out tlie long, tea, caddy looking building, built by the Sandficld McDonald Government in 1862, — the Volunteer Drill Shed. Its length, if not beauty, at- tracts notice. ** Ferguson's liouse," next to it, noted by Professor Sillinian in his *' Tour between I^artford and Quebec in 1810," is now difficult to recognize; its present owner, A. Joseph, Esq., has added so to it. Another hind-mark of the past deserves notice — the ex-Commander of the I'orce's lofty Quarters — from its angular eaves and forlorn asi)ect, it generally goes by the name of ^' Bleak House." I cannot say whether it ever was haUnted, but it ought to have been. We are now in the Grande AlUe — tlie forest avenue, which two hundred years ago led to Sillery Wood. On turning and looking back as you approach this singular house, you have an excellent view of the Citadel, and of the old French works, which extend beyond it, to the extremity of the Cape, overlooking VAn8e des Mdrcs. A little beyond the Commandant's house, at the top of what is generally known as Per- rault's Hill, stands the Perrault homestead, dating back to 1820, PAsyle ChamnStref— now handsomely renovated and owned by Henry Dinning, Esq. The adjoining range of heights, at present occupied by the Martello Towers, is known as the Buttes-d-Nepveu. " It was here, that Murray took his stand on the morning of April 28th, 1760, to resist the advance of Levis, and here commenced the hardest fought — the bloodiest action of the war, which terminated in the Til i w — 28 — defeat of Murray, and hU rotrcat within the Cifcy. The Martollo to\v4M'8 iiro bombproof, tlioy arc throo in number, and form a cliaiii of forts extending abmg the ridge from the St. Lawrence to tlie River St. Cliarles. Tlie fact that this ridi^e commanded tlie City, unfortunat<^ly indmred Murray to leave it, and attempt to fortify tlie lieights in wliicli he was only partially successful owing to the frost being still in the ground. The British Government were mnde aware of the fact, and seeing that from the improved .artillery, the City was now fully commanded from the heights which are about seven hundred yards distant, decided to build the Towers. Arrangements were ac- cordingly made by Col. Brock, then commanding th' troops in Canada. In I80G, the necessary materia were collected, and in the following year, their con- struction commenced. Thev were not however com- pleted till 1812. The original estimate lor tlie four was £8,000, but before completion the Imperial gov- ernment had expended nearly £12,000. They are not all of the same size, but like all Martello Towers, they are circular and bomb-proof. The exposed sides are thirteen feet thick and gradually diminish like the horns of the crescent moon, to seven feet iu the centie of the side next the City walls. The first or lower story contains, tanks, storerooms and magazine : the second, has cells for the garrison, with port-holes for two guns. On th« top, there used to be one 68 pounder carronade, two 24, and two 9 pounders." City. thvoo iloiig r St. I tho , aiul s only till ill 3f tho y, tho eights istant, 3ie ac- ng th' ,terip ir coii- r coni- 10 four il gov- vre not owers, il sides ke the centre lower le: tho lies for under -^29 — A party of Arnold's soldiers asconded tlicso heights in November, 1775, and advanced quite close to the City walls, shouting defiance at the little garrison A few shots, soon dispersed the invaders, who re- traced their steps to Wolfe's Cove. On the IJuttes-d' Ncpvcn, the great criminals were formerly executed. Here, La Corriveau the St. Vallier Lafarge, met Ik v deserved fate in 1763, after being tried by one of Governor Murray's Court Martials for murdering her husband. After death, she was hung in chains, or rather in a solid iron cage, at the fork of four roads, at Levi, close to the spot where the Temperance monu- ment has since been built. Tho loathsome form of the murderess caused more than one shudder amongst the peaceable peasantry of Levi, until some brave young men, one dark night cut down the horrid cage, and hid it deep under ground, next to the cemetery at Levi, where close to a century afterwards, it was dug up and sold to Barnum's agent for his Museum. Sergeant Jas. Thompson, records in his Diary, under date 18th Nov., 1782, another memorable execution : " This day two fellows were executed for the murder and robbery of Capt. Stead, Commander of one of the Treasury Brigs, on the evening of the 31 st Dec, 1779, between the Upper and the Lower Town. The cri- minals went through Port St. Louis, about 11 o'clock, at a slow and doleful pace, to the place where justice has allotted them to suffer the most ignominious death. It is astonishing to see what a crowd of people followed the tragic scene. Even our people on the IfT mmi U If 'N'-i ;lf;f — 30 — works (Capo Diamond) prayed Capt. Twlss for leave to follow the hard-hearted crowd." It was this Capt. Twiss who subsequently furnished the plan and built a temporary citadel. ■• . Eleven years later, iu 1793, we have, recorded in history, another doleful procession of red coats, the Quebec Garrison, accompanying to the same place o' execution, a mess-mate (Draper), a soldier of the 10th Fusileers, then commanded by^ohe young Duke of Kent, who, after pronouncing the sentence of death, as Commander, over the trembling culprit kneeling on his coffin, as son and representative of the Sovereign, exercised the royal prerogativeof mercy and pardoned poor Draper. Look down the hill, to the south. There stands, with a few shrubs and trees in the foreground, the Military Home,— where infirm soldiers, their widows and children, could find a refuge.— It has recently been purchased and converted into the "Female Orphan Asylum." It forms the eastern boundary of a large expanse of verdure and trees, reaching the summit of the lot originally intended by the Seminary of Quebec, for a Botanical Garden. Its western boundary is a road leading to the new District Jail, — a stone structure of great strength, sur- mounted with a diminutive tower, admirably adapt- ed, one would imagine, tor astro^iomical pursuits. From its glistening cupola, Commander Ashe's Provincial Observatory is visible to the east. A lofty red fence surrounding the western portion of this ToUoofch, — Bi- nds, tlie ows een liaii large it of "bee, (new sur- [apt- "rom icial jnce >otli, might have been seen from the St. Louis Road. It invested tlie ahode of crime with a saiigniiiaiy aspect. During the middle ages, wlien great crinjinals were occasionally flayed alive, this Idood redcircumvallation miglit have been mistaken for the bleaching hides of murderers, heretics, sorcerers and witches. It has ever, in my mind, been associated with a warning to erring humanity. Beware of the ^ed Fence ! (J) I was forgetting to notice that substantial building, dating from 1855 — the Ladies Home. The Protestant Ladies of Quebec, have here, a,t no small expense and trouble, raised a fitting monument, where the aged and infirm may find shelter, ford and raiment. This, and the building opposite. Si. Bridget's Asylum, with its fringe of trees and green i)lots, are decided ornaments to the Grande AlUe. The old burying ground of 1832, with all its ghastly memories of tlie Asiatic scourge, through the taste and liberality of our Irish brethren, has assumed quite an ornate, nay a respectable aspect. Near the angle of DeSalaberry Street, on the Grande AlUe^ may yet be seen o^ie of the stones which serve to mark the western boundary of the city, to Li-c '♦v'est of the Lampson Mansion. On the adjoining oo- main, well named ^^B.:ittlefield Cottage," formerly the property of Col. Charles Campbell, now owned by M, (1) Since these lines were written, the red haa (iisfippeared nuder a coat of whiteish paint. ij ■,n 'fr ^"nr ii; ^iL Ftf' — 32 — Conolly, Esq., was the liistoric well out of which a cup of water was obtained to moisten the parched lips of the dying hero, Wolfe, on the 13th Sept., 1759. The well was filled in a few years ago, but not before it was nigh being fatal to Col. Campbell's young son, — (Arch. Campbell, Esq., v^f Thornhill.) Its site is close to the western boundary fence, in the garden behind " Battlefield Cottfvge." Here we are at those immortal plains — the Hastings and Runnymede of the two races once arrayed in battle against one other. Let US allow W. D. Ho wells, the brilliant writer of " Our Wedding Journey," to describe the incidents we have just glanced over : " The fashionable suburban cottages and places of Quebec, are on the St. Louis Roard, leading north- ward to the old battle ground, and beyond it; but these, face chiefly towards the Rivers St. Lawrence and St. Charles, and lofty hedges and shrubbery hide them in an English seclusion from the highway; so that the visitor may uninterruptedly meditate what- ever emotion he will for the scene of Wolfe's death, as he rides along. His loftiest emotion will want the noble height of that heroic soul, who must always stand forth in liistory a figure of beautiful and singular distinction, admirable alike for the sensibility and daring, the poetic peusiveness, and the martial ardor that mingled in him, and taxed his feeble frame with tasks greater tlian it could bear. The whole story of the capture of Quebec is full of romantic splendor MONTCAWi. # •: I ii'i --33 — and pathos. Her fall was a triunipli for the English- speaking race, and to us Americans, long scourged by the cruel Indian wars plotted within her walls, or sustained by her strength, such a blessing as was hailed with ringing bells and blazing bonfires through- out the Colonies; yet now, we cannot think without pity of the hopes extinguished and the labors brought to nought in her overthrow. That strange colony of priests and soldiers, of n>artyrs and heroes, of which she was the capital, willing to perish for an allegiance to which the mother country was indifferent, and fighting against tlie armies Avith which England was prepared to outnumber the whole Canadian popula- tion, is a magnificent si)ectacle } and Montcalm laying down his life to lose Quebec, is not less affecting than Wolfe dying to earn her. Tlio heart opens towards tlie soldier who recited, on the eve of his costly vic- tory, the '* ^ Elegy in a Country Churchyard,' which he would rather have written than beat the French to-morrow J " but it aches for the defeated general, who, hurt to death, answered when told how brief liis time was, '^ So much the better j then I shall not live to see the surrender of Quebec." ^ In the City for which they perished, their fame has never been divided. The EngUsh have shown them- selves very generous victors; perhaps nothing could be alleged against them, but that they were victors." A trip to the Chaudiere Falls, nine miles distant, cannot be omitted, — no more than a drive to Lake St. Charles by Indian Lorette, and a sail in a birch bark T: ' i' i M '1' II 'TTT^ — 34 — • ' > canoe to the Hounding shores of EclkO Bay. Diverge to the east, find drive to Lake Boauport, to luxuriate on its red trout j but niind you stop, on your return, and take a caulker of Glenlivet or old Bourbon or Sillery Mousseux, on the banks of the trout stream, next to the Hermitage, at Cliarlesbonrg. Step into the CVm^caw; sit down, like Volney amidst the ruins of Palmyia, and meditate on the romantic, thougli unhappy, fate of dark-eyed Caroline, Bigot's Rosamond, (1) some hundred years ago. You imagine you have seen everything; not so, my friend! Tell your driver to let you out, oi)posite Ilingfield, on the Cliarlesbonrg road, and, if at home, Mr. G. H. Parke, the obliging I)roprietor, will surely grant you leave to visit the ex- tensive earthworks, behind his residence, raised by Montcalm in 1759 — so appropriately called Ringfield. Hurry back to town in time to accept iliat invitation to dine at the Club j then spend the evening agreably at the Morrin College, in the cosy rooms of the Literary and Historical Society^ and retire early, pre- paring yourself for the great compaign of the morrow. To the Lakes ! To the Lakes ! Here are a few of them : Lake Calvaire, at St. Augustiq ; Lake St. Joseph, Lac a la Truite, Lac Fhilipe, Lac Jazine, Snow Lake, Lac Blanc, Lac Siid-oucsty Lac Vincent, Lac Thomas, Lac Claire, Lake Mackenzie, Lake Sagamite^ Lake Burns, Lake Bonnet — all within a few hours' drive from Quebec, with the exception of Snow Lake. It (1) You can peruae Caroline's very pathetic tale in Maple Leaves for 1863. \i {Leaves RUINS OF INTENDANT'S PALACE. Facing the St, Charles — Destroyed by English shells &c. 1759- Destroyed by the city guns in 1775-6 as affording a shelter to Arnold and Montgonoery's soldiers. :i 1.1 !'^ •-^ '«. I mmiM: i' m-'trntv^gwifm — 35- is not uncommon to cutcli trout weighing from ISlbs. to 201bs. in Lako St. Joseph and Snow Lake, during the winter months. LORD NELSON. The foUowiug note respecting tlie youthful amours of Lord Nelson, whilst at Quebec iu 1782, were contributed by one of the *^ oldest iuh:i])itHnts," To Qukbec Past AND Pui<:SKNT, but reached too Into for insertion MY UKCOLLECTiONS OF Tlin PAST. Dkau Sill, — I have much pleasure in acceediug to your request to send you a note of some circumstances connect, ed with the city, in whidi seventy-one years of my life, — now verging towards eiglity — have been spent. I am familiar with no part of Nelson's career, except what I heard from my mother's own lips respecting this brave man. My mother was gifted with a remarkable memory and recollected well having herself seen Captain Nelson, when in 1782, he commanded, at Quebec, the sloop -of- war Albemarle. ^^ He was tall — stern of aspect and wore, as was then customary, the queue or pigtail" she often repeated, Hardy, afterward so famous, was, she used to say one of his lieutenants. Her idea of the Quebec young lady to whom he had taken such a violent fancy, was that her name was Woolsey — an aunt or elder sister, perhaps, of the late John W. Woolsey, Esq., President for some years of the Quebec Bank, who died in 1852, at a very ad- — 36 — m ,. vanced np;e. According to licr, it was a Mr. Davidson, who provont(Ml tl)(i iiripnidciiit injuTi.iiif«! (M»iit(Mii])latod. (I) As to tlio doiii^H (»f tlio Press Oaiius, in \]\o Lo. The ti-rror tlieso sea- faring g(!nth)men er<'at(Ml, was very great. I r(Mneinher a iino young fellow who refused to sinnMider, Ix'ing shot through the hack with a holster pistol atid dying of the wound: this was in 1810. 1 can name tint following, as heing seized ])y Press (iangs S(H)n ruses were resorte(l to, hy the gay fellows who wanch^red after nightfall, inquest of amusement in the higliways and hy ways. Her Majesty's s(ddiers wer<' of course, exempt of being impresscul into the naval .service*: so, that (►nr roving city youtlis would either borrow coats,, or g(;t some made, similar to the soldiers', — to (dude the Press Gang. Th(»se ruses were however soon sto[)ped; the Press Gang, having securcnl the services ec inamoralam I78'J? 'I'liialiii3 pu/./Jed raaiiy. Some Hniil it, was MisH Pi'tMitice ; ofhfM-a, her couHJn Miss iSiinpaoii, H diiughter of one ofWolt'e'rt, PievoHt-uiarshalls, Adhnc fiubjudice lis est. A OLD CHURCH- LOWER TOWN MARKKT. NotrejDame des Victoires, IG90 & 1711. I? f i :■ m — 37 — QUEBl'X, AND EARL DUFFEUIN's PROPOSKD RKIIAHIT.irA'riON OF IT. Such (1iif«l|) h1u|i(« down, VVIlOrtf I kIl'.V lillfU llt'HVt'M to lilt' skv, l*il(*ii (l('f|» aiiii miiHsy. close and lii^li, INIiim own roinuiitlc town ! "Rnt North \viuui'iiIh aniHthvHt, # » * # h ' n # # # Kit/. l])(', t)i(' vciiowikmI liistofical HspjM't of tho anclcMit iiiotfopolis of Canada — a littlo p'UTulons oossij) may not 1)0 out of i>la('() alxmt (2ii(d)0c and '* Aiild Lang Sync." F(H', is it intt t)io season for storios of olden tiln(^ W(^ havo classic autliority for it : — does not IMacaiilay tell us that it was " In the lonsj; iiiyhta of winter, When the cold north winds blow," that the Romans told tlicir stories of "tlicLrave days of old. Notwithstanding all that confed(n'ation of the Provinces and commercial devcdoppement may have done, or in fu- ttn-e do, for the elevation of other cities, Qiiel>ec is, and ever will be, to Canada what Home is historically to Italy and Athens, to Greece. All })atrioticand int(dligent Cana- diatis, alike of French and of British origin, must feel that it is to them an heirloom of common historic renown^ — a p 38-- I ? ', i; ilf: { powerful p'>iut of attraction, round whicli sliould gatlier sentiuieuts of future couuiiou nationality. Were they too sordid to see it tlieinselves, the literature and the general intelligence of the civilized world would tell tlieni so. Heroic history is a most co^^tly pronity, and of the Im- perial power it represents ; and nothing could tend more to realise such ideas, l)esides heinless them — they are constitutionally illogical, and are all the hetter for it. They have sentiments always ready for their guidance, that are (m the wlude prettier, nicer, more henevolent and hetter, in a Christian point of view, than ours. And as to the power of such senti- ment, there is J(Kin of Arc, that heroic saint and martyr, that should Inive heen canonized long ago — was there an atom of pcditical economy, logic, or what is called commcni sense in her project ? — Quite the reverse ; it was sheer sentiment, alone, that gave the overwhelming fiirce, hy which she liherated France, when trodden dovvn^ almost to political extinction, hy foreign invasion. We see, on a great scale, the same world-turning force in the crusades. In the fall of the Greek Empire, we may 'rm '"T^lffT .1 t '■! !! ' I' — 40 — juds^o wliat it ini^lit lifivo dono tliou. Hml the Greeks of that time luul th(5 Siune seiitimeuts of devoted pjitriotiaui and detenniued ViUour as thv\r ancestors of Marathon and 'rh(UMMopyli(^, W(^ may sately assnine that tliey wonLl have given tlio Turkish armies ^' to tlie raven and the I ite." The sentiments that inspired tlie Scots at Ban- iiock})urn, a.n()th tliese nations (tlionifli small in iinmhers) and the p(H)p1e of them, as individuals, in maintaining their self r('S))ect. And what shall we say of the greater liations — England and France — what p(?cuniary sacrifices would thev not irnike rating" than fail to maintain that national honour which is based on their history "i '' Nohless(Md)ligc ; " — wo who are the descendants or repre- sentatives of both these nationalities — is it not incumbent upon us to cherish sucli sentiments and transnjit them to our posterity, who, with the aid of their inlluence, may be delivered from sinking into the ages of degradation, into which we see the descendants of eminent nations of old, have so often fallen. With that view, we should appreciate the importance — as more advancfid nations are now doing — of preserving and devel(t[)ing the diai'acters of every monument and famous sit(^, the reminiscenses of which are calcubited to inspire and maintain such sentiments of historical renown jukI national honour; and, should recogniz(3 the suggesting of such works, so admirably design(!d for doing so as those now proposed, as appertaining to a more elevated and far seeing character of statesmanship than falls within the ordinary compass of p(ditical economy and finance. Through the press, the proposed works have been fully and jibly described and illnsstrated. The turrets and bridges will enhance tluj antique eifect of the gates and walls, and the f\>rniing of a continuous ])romenade round the entire circuit of tlie ramparts and the outworks of the citadel will open the wjiy to more imposing ])oints of view, at iircsent inaccessible or unfrequented, and complete a pano- rama of pictorial beauty and grandeur and historical in- terest combined; unequalled on this continent. . M^ 1 ';. WOLFE'S MONUMENT. Plains of Abraham. u ^ -0^:k' i 'i 1 ■ ■• 'i . w ^^hP )f|l^^ ,,:4i i M'-, -J !o:/r ■^ — 41 — Without (Iwellins; on tho rnnfifnificont viow from Durham Terrtico, witli which all are familiar, h»t us foUovv tlio proposed promenade through the G'overnor's Garden, past the monument to W(dfe and Montcalm, and u{) to tlio highest crest of the cliff from vvhicli the fnmt wall of the citadel spriugn. From this point, inaccessihle now, the vis (since burned) that rose from the watcM- edge to the citadcd, will reccdlect the sensation it gave of clinging to the face of the cliff, like a fly to the wall ; grim ramparts above you and grimmer rocks beneath, that plunge steeply' down to tho spot, far beh)w, where the Anuiricau General Montgomery was defeated and slain, in his daring attempt to surprises the upper town by way of Mountain street, a hundred years ago. Down below, tlie long, crowded line of ship- ping skirts the shore ; and th<^ dizzying etfect of the elevation is in(U'eased b}' the iiripressive swiftness of tho mighty river, whi(^h sweeps the crafts crossuig it frotn their course, like corks in a mill race. Over and beyond the high cliffs o{)posite, and the picturesquely planted t(>wn of Levis that skirts and ])artly crests them, are tho half-hidden fortifications on the highest sununit ; from which, in rich and varied scenery, tlie heights of Point Levis sweep down to tho water (ulge, mnir the pretty, (dd fashicmed Church of St. Joseph. Furtlier beyond, with high swelling outline and wooded sununit, as it recedes, the west end of the Island of Orleans projects upwards into the magniticent lake-like basin, into which the river expands below the city. On the left, far beyond this noble expanse of water, the vievr is bounded on the north by the long array of the lofty, massiv(i and generally dome-shaped summits o{' the Laurentian Mountains, the most majestic of wliic-h visible is Mountain Ste. Anne, about three thousand fnet high. The eye follows them down the river, stretching far away, till, in the hazy distance of thirty miles, Cnp Tourrnente (lips its vast disc of two thousand feet, abruptly down to tho horizon. ' ' ' ' ' •' II n f! !! ' .a 'ill i t 4 — 42 — The iufinite continuity of dark forests, iu winch they are shrouded, adds a soinhro grandeur to tliese very lofty hills. Their lower ah)ping uplands, and the lowlands l>eneath, that skirt the St. Lawrence, down througli the parishes of MontuionMici, Ange Ganlieu, Cluiteau-Richer, Ste. Anne and St. Joachiui, aro ex(piisitely beautiful — lovely to distant view, hut t^till more so to travel through. Adorned with occa8i(uial spires, and continous lines and groups of thickly chisten^d, hriglit dwellings; till pale and nebulous in tlie remotest distnuc i, the keenest eye sight may trace the line of sottlenuint awe(?ping abruptly up into the dim mountain region of the '^ Cliemin du Cap." Following the line of the proposed promenade, or rather the ''corniclie" along tlie top of tlie craggy steep, under the front wall of tlie citady break down near New Liverpool, towards the River Etcliemin, whicli is seen foaming over tlie low but wide fall that bars its mouth, a little above which the St. Lawrence bends uorth- M'^ard out of view behind tlie bold headland of Pointe a Pizeau, immediately above Wolfe's Cove. Behind the cliffs we see the high plateau, varied with fields and clumps and belts of wood, which extend till all is blended in the distance, in the great elevated plain of the St. Lawrence, which is seen stretching far [iway to where the blue summits of the great swelling hills of Megantic rise on the horiz(m. To some of us, these remote blue summits recall pleasant days passed fifty years ago, "A cluiaiiig the wild deer, ' '. • ' '■ '•'- •• And rt following the me," s" ':'-'i. roused before dawn of day from their lair, in the thickets of spruce and fir that crown tliese lofty hills ; when the — 43 — country holiind thom, "back to tlio White Mountains of Maine, was utterly uukiiovvn and uniuhahited, except by a few wanderifig Abeua([nis (whose hereditary domain it was), and otlier Indians ; a vast solitude, whose silence was rarely bndcen by living sound, save tliat of the lonely owl by nitjlit, and tlie whipj)oor\vill, and the bob(dink by day. S''Mnning tlu^ horizon, to the left of these high hills, we Hoe a broad depression, vvliere the sky line is unbroken by high summits, till they are again seen, swelling up in the townships of Cranbourne and Htandon, far away southeast- ward, on the head waters of the lliver Etchemin ; behind the pretty looking settlements of Frainpton, which are dis- tinctly seen on the rising uplands thirty miles off. It was through that remote dei)ression, following the liiver Chau- diere, of vi'^hich it is the valley, an