IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) 1.0 I.I 11.25 m S. 121 2.0 m U 1 1.6 ^'*V Photographic Sci^ces (Jorporation ^ o ^. ^. 13 VmT MAIN ITMIT WltlTII,N.Y. MIM (n*)l71-4»03 v\ ^i;^ o CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHIVI/ICIVIH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Inttltuta for Historical Microraproductions / Inatitut Canadian da microraproductiona hiatoriquas <^ .-^ ^ ^ Technical and Bibliographic Notes/Notes tachniquas at bibliographiquas Tha Instituta haa attamptad to obtain tha bast original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of thia copy which may ba bibliographically uniqua. which may altar any of tha imagas in tha reproduction, or which may aignificantiy change the uaual method of filming, are checked below. D D D D D Coloured covers/ Couverture de couleur I I Covers damaged/ Couverture endommagte Covers restored and/or laminated/ Couverture reataurAe et/ou peiiiculAe I I Cover title missing/ Le titre de couverture manque Coloured maps/ Cartes gAographiquas en couleur □ Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) nn Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Pianchea et/ou iiiustrat.ona en couleur Bound with other material/ Reli4 avac d'autrea documents Tight binding may causa ahadows or distortion along interior margin/ La re liure serrte peut cauaer de I'ombre ou de la diatortion la long da la marge intirleure Blank leaves added during restoration may appear within the text. Whenever poasibia, theaa have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutiaa lore d'una restauration apparaissent dana le texte, mala, ioraqua cela Atait poasibia. ces pagea n'ont paa 4tA film4es. L'Institut a microfilm^ le meiileur exemplaira qu'il lui a At6 possible de se procurer. Les details de cet exemplaira qui sent paut-Atre uniquea du point de vue bibliographique, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dana la mAthode normala de filmaga sont indiqute ci-dessous. I I Coloured pagea/ Pagea de couleur Pages damaged/ Pagea endommagtea Pages restored and/oi Pagea reataurtea et/ou peiliculies Pagea discoloured, stained or foxec Pagea d4color4es, tachettes ou piquAes Pagee detached/ Pagea d4tachtes Showthrough> Tranaparance Quality of prir Qualit* inigale de I'lmpression Includes supplementary materlL . Comprend du matAriei auppMmantaire Only edition available/ Seule MItlon diaponible I — I Pages damaged/ rri Pages restored and/or laminated/ FT] Pagea discoloured, stained or foxed/ I I Pagee detached/ r~^ Showthrough/ |~~1 Quality of print variaa/ r~| inciudea supplementary material/ I — I Only edition available/ Th to TJ po of fii Oi b« th Si( ot fir sit or Th sh Z Ml dil enl be rig re< mi D Pagee wholly or partially obaourad by errata slips, tissuaa, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totalement ou partiallement obacuroies par un feulllet d'errata, una pelure, etc.. ont 4tA filmAee A nouveau de fa9on A obtanir la meilleure image possible. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplAmentairas: Maps art photoraproduotiom. Pagination < follows: 440466 p. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document eat filmA au taux de rAduotion indiquA oi'deaaous. 10X 14X 1SX 22X 2tX aox y 3 12X 1«X aox a4x 2IX lire details JM du modifier ler une filmage «es The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanic* to the generoeity of: Library of the Pubiic Archives of Canada The images appeering here ere the best queiity possibie considering the condition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with e printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, end ending on the last page with a printed or illustreted Impression. The last recorded freme on each microfiche shall contain the symbol -i^- (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol ▼ (meaning "END"), whichever applies. L'exempiaire film* fut reproduit grice A la gAnArosit* de: La bibiiothAque des Archives pubiiques du Canada Las imeges suivantes ont AtA reproduites avec ie plus grsnd soin, compte tenu de ia condition et de ie nettet* de l'exempiaire fiimA. et en conformity evec ies conditions du contrat de filmage. Lee exemplalres originaux dont ia couverture en papier est ImprimAe sent fiimte en commenfsnt par ie premier piet et en terminent soit par la dernlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustretion, soit par ie second plat, salon ie ces. Tous ies autres exemplalres originaux sent fllmis en commenpent par ia premlAre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration at en terminent par la dernlAre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboies suivants apparaTtra sur ia dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, seion Ie cas: ie symbols — ► signifie "A 8UIVRE", Ie symbols V signifie "FIN". « Maps, plates, charts, etc., mey be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too lerge to be entirely included In one exposure ere filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required. The following diegrams illustrate the method: Les cartes, planches, tsbleeux, etc., peuvent Atre flimAs A des taux de rAduction diff Arents. Lorsque ie document est trop grand pour Atrs reproduit en un seul cilchA. ii est fiimA A partir de I'angle supArieur geuche, de gauche A droite, et de haiit en bee, en prenant Ie nombre d'Imeges nAcessalre. Les diagrammes suivants lllustrent ia mAthode. f errata d to It le pelure, pon A n 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 S e ///c/7' _ ■«;. NARRATIVE OF THE ATLANTIC BY JOHN C. DEA The following narrative of the events which took place in the Grtat Eattem in her voyage with the Atlantic Tele- graph Cable is as nearly as possible a transcript from my diary written on board. I did not join the ship until Sunday, 23d of July, when the splice wris made between the main cable and the shore end, twenty-seven miles off the Irish land. I was at Valentia for a week be- fore her arrival at Berehaven, where she anchored on Wednesday morning, the 19th of July. She left her anchor- age oflf the Maplin Sands at the Nore on Saturday, the 15th. She took the screw- steamer Caroline in tow on Monday, the 17th, off Falmouth, with tlie shore- end of the cable, and encountered a strong gale, with heavy sea, off the Irish coast, during which the tow-rope broke, and the Caroline was obliged to find her way to Valentia, the Great EaMem bearing "Up for Berehaven. On Thurs- day evening, July 2()th, the Caroline went round from Valentia Harbour to Port Magee to bo in readiness the fol- lowing day, if the weather was fine, first to lay the "earth cable," and as soon as possible afterwards to attach the shore- end of the cable to the cliff of Foilham- mnrum, on the south side of Valentia. Foilhammurum Bay, about a mile in length at its widest part, is protected on the north side by the bold projecting heiidland of Bray, on the south by ledges of rock forming the northern entrance to Port Magoo Channel. The bay bo- comeii gradually narrower towards the cliffs, which rise to a lieight of ahowi 300 feet. No better })laco could be well imagined for landing and main- taining a shore-end cable in safety. Th(* bay was carefully survoyjMl and dredged by Lieut. Wlute, in charge of the cojMt- guard of the district; and, outside a LEGRAPH EXPEDITION, 1865. small line of rocks, about 60 feet from high-water mark, the cable will rest upon a bed of sand. The cable of 1868 was landed near the Castle of Bally- carberry, on the mainland opposite Knightstown, in a position where it was subjected to chafing from the force of sea sent in by the westerly gales, while at Foilhammiunim the sea from the west- ward is broken by the islands which guard its entrance. On Friday, July 21st, the officials connected with the Telegraph Construc- tion and Maintenance Company, sta- tioned at the Telegraph House, which has been built on the plateau over the cliffs of Foilhammurum, astir very early, were actually engaged in making the necessary preparations for laying the cable called the " earth cable," on Mr. Varley's plan, which consists of a wire rope about two miles long, with a piece of zinc attached to the end — the object of this cable being to obtain what elec- tricians call a " good earth," or, in other words, to get the ciu-rent as far away as possible from local controlling influences, such as lightning, &c. The Caroline ac- cordingly was towed into the bay, and anchored about two cables* length frcim the shore, and dge of boats was made, the rope ^ , passed from the stern of the ship across the boats until it reached the shore, where it was hauled up the cliftS to the instrument house. The Caroline then proceeded out in a south-westerly direction, and dropped tlie earth-cable to tlie eastward of the little islet which is at the entrance of Port Magee. This service having l^eon effected, the next step, and one of the most important in the irOcgraph exjMxlition, was to lay the twenty-soven miles of shore-end cable. This was commonced the next day at about nine o'clock, ami r f f.' t > Narrative of the Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 1865. 441 55. '.I '■iX ...I,', the bridge of boats already rciferrcd to was used to land tbe end. Tlie scono was one wbich. cannot bo easily for- gotten by thofir strok'> of business too, and "Spoil fiv*!'.' was the favourite ganui. Whih', tlaae amuse ments were going on uu the top of the cliir, underneath it were engaged one bmidredor more of the pi-assnits hauling the rope ashore, jiassed, as 1 have bifor(> describ(!d, oviir the bridge ol boats, in eacli of wliich, on an average;, tliere might liave been eight or Uni men. These boats fornu' itself is a long Wooden liuilding, about sev< iily ft'etlong by thirty ft^'t wide, containing amplr neeommodation for the stall. As soon as the •■iiietrit iaiis aniuunn'i d thai they bad got a mi'ssage frojii the Cumfine that all was right, llin Knight <)f K<'iry, Btanding ;imong his lamily and V'isitr»i'H, ndilnsHcd Ihf largo assemhlagf in a ffW uppro])riat paddles began to I'evolve slowly, the screw was set in motion, and precisely ut sixteen minutes after 7 p.m. tJreenwich time, (Sunday, July 23d), we commenced paying out the cal)le, which looked like a tliread us it discharged itself over the wheel at the stern of the ship. All went on well during the night ; those in charge of the paying-out apjia- ratus and of the electric testing instru- ments taking their pnscribed positions in watches. The weather was all that coidd be desired, and everything was going on most favourably, when at 3.14 A.M. on Monday, 24th, it was inti- mated by Mr. de Santy, tlie cbiif of the electric stfiH", that the insulation of the cable showed evident Hym})1om8 of being imperfect. Mr. (TifTord, in charge of the cable pnying-out mmdii- nery, at once n^poi-ted to the chief engineer, Mr. Samuel (banning ; and before long aliuo.>«t all of us left our bertliB and came on deck to Icani tlui cause of tlip ship being stoi)ped und of the tiring of a signal gnn. We soon saAV by tlie grave tHces of those employcnl tliat thure wiw Momothing un- nMially wrong ; and, though it was (jcarcoly a time to ask questions, one had little tlifficulty in gwtting information. Thore was no doubt of it now. The cable was injured somewhere between us and the shore. Could it be that an imperfect splice had been made between the thicker or shore end and the main cable ? or Avas the fault between that and the ship ? and again, miglit it not be between the position whert^ the splice was made and the Bay of Foilhammu- rum I These and other speculations were advanced and discussed for many sub- sequent hours. Mr. Caiuiing and his assistants looked thoughtful and grave. Captain Anderson's expression indicated tliat he saw the critical position in which we were placeil. In fad, one and all of us on board felt that the success of the expedition was greatly imperilled. All this time signals were being received very faintly from the shore, though the electricians thought that our signals to F(Mlhammurum might probably be .stronger than theirs to us. Mr. Cainiing at length resolvinl upon the practical step to take. He gave instnictions to pass the cable frcm the stern to the bow, and to pick it up with the ma- chinery placeil there until the fiiult should be diwcoveredi. This was an operation rc(]uiring great skill and care, not only from the cable-laying staff, but from Captain Andersen in the handling of the ship. It was admimbly done by all ; and, at 25 minutes to 12, the cable was on the bow-wheel, and, pass- ing over a drum, it was put in con- nexion with a small ateauirengine placed on the port side of the deck, near the foremast. It was soon discovered that this t-ngino hud not; sufhcient boileiv pow(!r, and the rate at wliich the cable came on board never exceeded one mile and a (juarter an hour, and sometimes evi'n less. AA'ij were making uj) otir minds now that we should have to get back to Valentia, and w«r« in anything but good spirits. P'lvsh boiler^power was put on to the piiking^up engine, by gi'tting a small locomotive near the drmkey, with connecting bands; but this did not very materially inciwwe the Hy)eed of hauling m th)» | B li J i |l »«»y^.^»;>y)>,j.gy|||^r Narrative of tJie, Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 1865. 443 Glass, tlie managing director, to reqiniP.t that he woiiM order the Caroline to tho grouiul where the splic j was made, and the Tlmvk to the Great Eastern, with all possibh; speed. X reply caiue back that the Caroline shoidd be sont m wcjon as she coaled. The gontlemen in the test- room weto, as can be easily imagiiied, continuing their ■•est txporimeuts witli great anxiety, and various opinions were expressed as to the locality of the "fault," Mr. Sounders, Mr. de Santy's first assiistaut, steadily maintained throughout the day that he felt satisfied the cable was injure*! not mure than eleven or twelve miles from the ship. Befo)'e dinner we had a visit from Mr. Prowse, tirst lieutenant of the Terrible, sent by T'aptain Gerard Najjier, to ascertain whether he could be of any use ; for of course we had signalled to both ships, inform. Mg them of the inishap which had befallen us. Mr. Saumler.s's opinion became .stronger and stronger as to the locality of the injury ; and alrao.st the last thing h" said to me on my l)idding liim '* good-night'' was "that we -should find tliat the faulty bit of tho cable would be on deck rtarly next day." Puff ! putf ! went the little " pi.-k-np" engine, and, as the roj)e cami; up, it Avas coiled oil the deck just forward of the atarboanl paddltibox. At 5.30 m I he morning (25th. duly) the Hawk cariie alongside. At 9 sm., while we were all at breakfapt, to our intenso joy and gratitication, one of the elm'triciaas came in to announce tliat Mr. SaundeTs*,* test^ had pr(>veDdy vas plouMt'd witi evorything and evcryl»dy. IFow (litfi'rent thn expression of faces tnmi yesterday — th'ui all gl(if>rri ami dis- appointment, now all rudiance and hopi' ' " Pa.i8 the cabh' aft now ' was tlio word, and it requifayi ug out; the ruble, and receiving tho most satisfactt»ry signals from shore. Juh/ 'l(\th. — Inuring the whole of the night the cable was paid out without a mistake, \\w jiaying-out ap[>aratus work- ing to perfection. By moining, wo were distant lot) miles from Vahnitia, and had paid out 1(>1]- miles. The day broke thick and hazy, and the Big Ship began to sho^v thi^ Terrihl*' and Sphinx what she can do in r top- gallant m nts, and ignalled t'O us that we wore goill^ t"0 fast for tha^ Sphinj; We rei>lied that Wi' could not slacken oui speed —Th'' insulation of the cable improves as we g<'t into deep water. We are now in 1,7jO fathouts. Tho Sphtnr irt barely vievble on the hori/on. 444 Narrative of the Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 1865. •f I Jidy 27i^.— There is but one opinion on board in reference to the singular adaptability of the Great EaMem for a telegraphic cable laying ship. There is quite enough of head-sea to enable us to judge of what sort of weather smaller vessels would make. The Terrible plunged her bow Into it, while we were as upright as a house. At 8.30 a.m. we had run .'$02 miles, 23.5 from the last splice, being an avemge of 5.87 miles an hour of paying out. The average depth to-day, according to the chart, was 2,000 fathoms. The cable first reaches the water at a distance of about 213 feet from the paying-out wheel astern. The paddle-engines were making 6^ revolutions, the screw 20, and the average speed was 6 knots. Observa- tions at noon guu, lat. 52" 34 ' N., long. 19^ W. Distance run since yesterday, 142 miles. Terrible on our port-beam, Sphinx not visible. The electricians report the signals as being most satisfactory between the ship and the shore. Assuming all to go on well, between this and Siinday at noon the after-tank will bo emptied of its contents. There are three iron tanks which contain the cable — one near the stern, from which it is going now ; an- other situated in the middle ; and a third in the fore part of the ship. The after-tank is 68 feet in diameter and 26 in height, the main- tank is 58 feet 6 inches by 26, and the fore is 51 feet 6 in. by 26 feet. In the ntuin-tank there are 798 miles; in the fore, 633-75. The after-tank, now happily so near exhaustion, contained 837 miles. There are 3 miles of shore-end in the main- tank. The Carolint laid 27 ; and thus the total amount of cable in miles and Iwund, when the ship li^fi the Nore, was 2,300, weighing 4,100 tons. To this must be added 1,198 tons of water put in the tanks, which mnde the total weight 5,600 tons. We next pay out from the fore -tank, and the passing of the cable from there to the stoin will Ije a nico nperation. It is hoped tliat this may happon in the early part oi [Sunday ; for, though tho cable staff ate i(uite prepered to ild it at night, yet it is far better that they should have daylight for their work. Jul)' 2%th. Our course has been N.W.'i W. ; wind, KX.W. All night every thing worked as smoothly as pos- sible. At 7 P.M. 119 miles of distance had been gone over. The index of the paying-out wheel showed 152,905 revo- lutions, equal to 476 •(> miles distance ; so that we had payed out 17678 miles of cable. It is calculated that, during our voyage (the distance between Valen- tia and Heart's Content being 1,663 miles), the revolutions of the paying-out machine wUl amount to about 600,000, and each of these revolutions represents a cost of rather more than a pound sterling. The paying-out machinery for the Atlantic Telegraph cable on board the Great Eastern differs in many material respects from that used in the f<;rmer expeditions. I shall endeavour to de- scribe it. Over the hold is a light wrought-iron V wheel, the s'peed of which is regulated by a friction- wheel on the same shaft. This is connectted with the paying-out machinery by a wrought-iron trough, in which at inter- vals are smaller iron V wheels, and, at the angles, vertical guide -wheels. The paying-out machinery consists of a .series of V wheels, and jockey or riding- wheels (six in number). Upon the shafts of the V wheels are friction wheels, with break-strapfc weighted by levers and running on tanks filled with water, and upon the shafts of tho jockey wheels and also friction-straps, with weights, to hold the cable and keep it faut round tho drum. Immediately before the drum is a small guide-wheel, ])laced under an apparatus called tho knife, for keeping tho first turn of the cable on th(' drum from riding, or getting over another turn. Tho kuives, of which there are two, can bo rtimoved and ad- justed with the greatest ease by slides similar to a slide-rest of an ordinary turning-lathe. One knife only is in use, the other boing kept ready to replace it if niicessar}. Tho drum round which tho cable passes is six feet in diameter and one foot broad, and upon tho same Narrative of the Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 1865. 445 slial't are fixed two Appold's breaks, run- ning in tanks tilled with Av^ater. There is also a duplicate drum and pair of Appold's breaks fitted ft)r position, and ready for use in ca^o of accident. Upon the overhanging ends of the shafts of the drums, driving pulh^ys are fitted, which can be connected by bjiither belt;3 for the purpose of bringing into use the duplicate breaks if the working breaks should be out of order, ['.etween the duplicate drum and the stern-w^heel are placed the dynamometer and interme- diate wheels for indicating the strain upon the cable. The dynamometer- wheel is placed midway between the two interraediato wheels, and the strain is incted from injury by the liaiiges of the wheel by a bell-mouthed cast-iron sliiold surround- ing half its circumference. Close to the dynamometer is placed im apparatus similar to a double-purchase crab or winch, fitted with two steering wheels for lifting the jockey or riding-wheels with their weights, and the main weights of the drum, as indications are thrown on the dynanometcr scale. All the Itreak- wheels are running in tanks supi)lied with water by fupes from the jjaddle- box tanks of the ship. The cable passes over the wrought-iron V wheels, over the tank, along the trough, between the V wheels and jockey -wheels in a straight li.ne, four turns round the drum, when the knife comes into action, over the first inUumediato wheel, and over the other intiM-mediato and stern wlnujl, out into the sea. 'I'his beautiful andingenious machinery has been invented by Motisrs. Caiuiing and Clifford, and lias worked up to this time with admirable regularity un]e paid out, and the satis- jactory manner in which the machinery worked. We were all in the highest spirits ; and, though the morning opened with a misty sort of fog, and it continued drizzling during the, day, we walked the deck, inspei.'ting tlie machinery by which the cable was discharged from the ship, and looked down occasionally into the tank, which every moment wsts lessening its contents. Wo heard from the electri- cians that there was an undeviating accu- racy in the transmiiision of the signals ; and, turning oiir eyes to the western hori- zon, we speculated as to the day, if not tho hour, we should arrive at Heart's Content. At ten minutes after I p.m., ship's time (Crreenwich time 3, W 30" p.m.), one of 1;h«': electricians was seen to come hastily out of the t/ost-room and lo run towards t-lie stern of tho .slap. I was standing looking down at the paddle-engines at f he time. 1 1 e returned hasti ly , and 1 1 wa.s y noon Ave had run 753 miles, and had paid out 903 miles of cable; lat. f>2^9', long. .31'" ii 3'. Afkei^ brcjdifast^ M.t. Canning and Mr. i»e Santy proceeded to make an examiaia- tion of the piece of cable m Avhich tlie * dead earth ' was found, and in the couree of a short, time the elcctiicians disco- i t >i«i> to » >iftW i !Wii"' ' j i ii iii li! i . ipii i Narr alive of the. Atlantic Tdegrayh Expedition, 1865. 447 vered it. Tliat wonderful iiiHtnimont designed by Professor Thomson gave its significant jump a(;ro9s tlu- graduated ])aper, aud told us the position of the injui-y, VV^e all clustenul around i\lr. Cunning to exaraine the cable, and the conclusion, I may f^ay, then unanunoius'ly tirrivcd at, wtis that the injury was the deed of an assassin'B hand— some demon in human form, who had delilxrately driven into the extenial hemp a piocc! of the wire used in the manufacture of the cable, having made an incision right through the gutta percha. One end of the piece of iron was sharp, as if it had been cut with a nip])ers ; the end coming out at the other side was broken off abruptly. One may easily imagine the indignation wkicli this di'eauiul act created. Mr. ( 'anning conferred ^^ i th his assistants as to what was the l)est course t( be taken. It was ultimately (h'oided that the cablemen should be asked to examine the injury, and to give their opinion to the chief engineer. A meet- ing was hold, and tliey arrived at tlie unanimous conclusion that it was done by wicked design. Mr. Canning then appealed to the gentlemen uu board acting in various capacities in connexion with the expedition, and they formed themselves into a volunteer guard, each agr(?eing to take a watch of six hours daily, and renuiin in the tank during the paying-out of the cable. Mr. Cyrus Field .took the first watch. The Atlantic has been liter; dly like a mill-pond all day. Up to this moment, save in the delay occasioned by the un- fortunate incidents I ha-vo described, we have been singidarly favoured. Tvmlay., Aur/usf l.s^ — A charming day of monotonous ]>aying out. The ship's position at noon, lat. 51 ' Tii' 30", long, 36" 3' '^0''. Distaneeirom Valon- tia, 946 ; to .Heart's Content, 717. Cable paid out, 1081 miles. We passed the burial-place of tJiree Atlantic cables to-day, and are approaching the deepest aoundiugB— that is, bet^reen 1,975 and 2,250 fathoms. The v, eafcher has been a little hazy ; wind from K.VV. to S. W. iShip's oourse, N. W . by AV. | VV . Tcrribh on our starboai'd quarter, quite close. ^\^' have onl}^ seen two sail since we left. One ran down quite close to have a look at us. At night we must present a strange sight to a ship unacquainted with the service in which we are en- gaged. Between the foi-e tr-ink and the jiaying-out gear, there is erected a wooden trt)ugh for th(} (iable to ran in, and powerful lamps ixxa j)lac(3d at intervals of about twenty feet all along its lengtli — two-third.sof the upper deck. Looking at it from the bridge, it iii not uidike a street at night. Wedne-iday, Auijad 2nd. — A day never to lie forgotten. The wind rose shortly after midnight, increasing to a strong gale from the S.W. Onr grand shi]), however, received little, if any, impression i'j-om its force. .\.way went the cable over the paying-out wheel at seven mil'.s an hour, and all on lioard were in great spirits at the pri>spe(;t of soon seeing the Atlantic cable at hs American terminu.>. At b.-ib ^.^sl. (ship's time) the .ship was stopped, a report having been made by the ch'C- tricians that the galvanometei- indicated a fault, and, as tar as they could then form an opmion, not very far astern. They could make signals to and receive them from Valentia ; but, as there could be no deceiving tlu; instrument, the fault was overboard, and therefore the sooner it was on board the better. Shortly before the engnies were stopped, a grating ncjise was heard in tlio tank from whicli the cable was being ])aid out. Mr. Cyrus Field, whose watch it was, stated that one of the hands called out to the man on duty imme diotely over the tank, " There is a piece of wire;" but this intimation does not appear to liave been j)assed aft. Subse- quently a wire was iound in the tank, ])rojectiug out of the cable in one of the Hakes being then })aid out, and evidently that in which the fault was supposed to exist. It was brought by the. foreman to Mr. Canning for examination. It WHS ab(;ut three inches in length ; and, when it was broken oil', which it was very easily, it a])peared to be of ill- tempered steel. Here, then, was a fair reason for arriving at the conclusion that 448 Narrative of the xUlantic I'elegrajjh Expedttt07i, 1865. tlit3 recent fault may liavo aT'isen from acciileiit, nnd act from design ; buttlu.-re was tli" singular fact staring ns in the face tliat, whether by accid'.ait or whether by design, the "fault" Avaa diseovered overboaril 'luting the same watch. Mr. de Santy reported io Mr. Canning tliat the fault was of such a kind as couM not be well ])asi-ed over ; and so tlie pick- up !ip])aintus wiih' put into rcquii^itiou >igain — previously to which, tests wen; applied to tht) cable in tiie tank, and it was pronounced all right. Annth'T I'xpcrinient showi-d the fault to ]je overboard about six miles. I'hn chief engineer set his mcni to work, and, with much more sniartues;; tlian they f-howed upon the iornuM- fault bi'ing found, the ciible was passed from iho stem and h.adod in f)ver the br>w of tht.^ ship. This was at 1(>. SO a.m. W'.' were thcu in about 2,000 fatlioms soundings. The engine being set going, the ropo passed over tlie drum very slowly, only one mile being hnuled in after the e\ piratmuuf an hour uiulforty-tive juinutes. Just at this time the eceeutric ge;ir of the engiiu> g(jt adrift, and m iddition to this 7ui<1i;ip steiuii fnili-d, owing to a want of a supply of Water to the boiler.> ; and so the picking n]> ceased altogether, Kigbt bells (12 o'cloek) had boeii mad' some time, and \\e h-id all gone dnwn t{» luncli. There we were discussing the hnnlity of the fault, and it was :) great cou.'^oliiii.iu to find that the eh'ctricians .igreed thai it lay only ibont .-ix nolrsrvei buard. Two miles had alreaciy be»n got in, and so we looked forward to a few more hours' w.irk to get in the rist, maki the. s]i|ic.', mid again reeuui'" paying out. Sudd' uly Mr- Canning rushed intt) the ,Hnh»on,untl, with an expressi>'i) on h'x^ I'ai n whieh told lew ih.'eply he was )iiu\ed, exelaiiicd, " It ii nil ovi-r ; the eahle Iww parted!'' Mr. Cyrus iMelil also came down, and with adnnrn.ble conijtosiin and fortitudt) e.iti- yeyed to us ihe sad intelltgi'in >- \\> yft^Tif all on de<'k in a moment, and I shall never forgt t the Breno jw lon^^ an i liv(. Till' men who wf.n^ eiigautxl in the. boWH of the shi[> liiid waudeied list- IcHsly aft nfter the uccideiit, and m t'n.ir uaU coiuiteniuucofj you ul oucc suw tlic etfeet which the disaster had on their minds. A deep sihuice prevailed. The ship was drifting away over the course of the cable. The Atlantic was liS calm and !is placid as a lakt^, its very stillness adding to the melancholy which pervaded aU. (trcmps stood al)out in ravious position::! on the vast deck of the great .ship, condoling with eacli other on the great mislovtuno which liad x cable can be sue- eessfully laid, and there are men in Fjigland wdio will not fail to give ns the means to do so when they know the truth.' 1-.ut there is Mr. ('.aiming hurrvitig along to the bow of the .>hip : he has never for a moment lost his si^lf-posses- Ki'in. Jle soon returns mitlships and is accompanied bv IMr. t lilford, his aide assistant, and a staH' of workmen, A brief CMnsultation is held, lie mounts the bridge and confers with (.'aptain Ae'lerson, and soon Ave learn what iliey re-(ilve to do- to grapple for the cable! What, at 250(» fathoms dprsp f .Su<:h a thing liaa uevei been heard of belnro. (allies have been graj'pied for in the shallow waters iii the Nlediterianean and ol.sewhere at front. lOO to (IdO fathoms ; but at 2000 lathoms it is simply absurd I Tim ((Xperiencc'l chief, howi\«!r. had issued hi^ orders, and immediate jire- purations W(>re, made to grapple. Then it was that the function-, itf the iia\ i- giitor were called into le.tive re(piest ; lor what use would there be in uttemj>ting to huok up the cubly uiJoss wc knew 1 Narrative of the Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 1805. 449 the line in which ih lay? Captain An- derson and Stalf Conimandor Moiiarty imniediatoly conferred, anvl it was deter- mined that the .slup sliould be steamed in an easterly direction, and to -wind- ward, and drift down with the grajmel across tlie track in which t.h(! cable was lint I ought to go back a Utile before 1 describe th(! grapnel operations, anil dwell on the circumstances connected with the ](artin<^' of the cable. Those who visited the ship before she left the Isoro will recolltict a large V-whcel at the . bow, similar in construction to that over which the cable is paid out a-stern. This wheel, overhanging the bow, is au[)portod on wrought iron girders. On each aide of it are smaller V wheels* moving on the same axis. ( 'vt r the larger V-wheel the rop(3 was passeil leading aft to a largo drum on which it wa.s coiled and kejjt in ]iosition by \ knife, precisely in the Fame iiianiKiV as in the paying-out machinery, uiiicli I liave already described, The cable, with the wire ro])e by which it was brought from the stern to the bow, was coming in the groove of the larger \' wheel. The cable going to the di'iim, tlie wire- rope to the capstiiii. the strain was very great; the calih' being out at an angle in the sea nt the Htarboai>i bow, to which side it M'as hauled ovi'r, after having received some chaiing from one of the ships ha\\ at! holes over which it passed, having previously been und»:r the (ircat h'tiKfern'»i'i*n'\\)o\, Ilxi wind liad shilteil, anf ateam arose. Down, d'Avn went the rope, and ono began to realize at every turn of the drum asking for fresh sujiply, whut a giandeiir llieit^ IS 111 the depth of thin mighty r)cean. Ai T* r m. intiiuation was given that the stmin w,is Inicnmiug gnnhiidlv h'-is ; and. in a few miinitea more, th(! grapnel had arrivetl helow lu (I (I -,»^i*»»H>*- 450 Narrative of the Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 1865« just 2,500 fathoms, having occupied, Avitli the intervals of stop])ing the iriachinevy, over two hours in Its won- ilrous journey to the caverns of the deep. From T) until quito dark the caLhinuni, as well as th(! ship's crew, were actively engaged in getting one of the huge 1)uoys over th(! port bow with the aid of the shears. Wlien it hung over the side, all had been then done for the day that Ava.s deemed necessary ; and the Great Eastern, broadside on to the track of the cable, trawled the grapnel over the ground in seiuvh of a prize worth, with all its belongings not less than a million sterling. We had a mournful party in the grand saloon at night ; and one by ont» dropped away from the table to the privacy of his cabin, to reflect on the events of a day ever memorable in the annaJs of ocean tflegrajihy. Thur.Mlay, Aur/Ktit lUi. — liroadside on to thf line in which the cable lay, the Great A'a.<^cr» tugged the grapnel during the night. There were indications now ar.d then, towards break of day, that it had hold of something, and one bite A:hich was given induced the fisliermen to haul up and see what had been caught. x\bout I before 7 {(.ireenwicii time) the pick-up t-ngine was put in moli(ni, and, to aid its feebln etforls, the rope was passed )uiinnr began to complain ; and v(!ry shortly afterwanJH it broke, 'i'his disaster thri'W a very diuigei his sort of work on the ( ;d'' ■-.Mtalf iu haulmg n» the roj)!'. which .sprung occasionally with Huch force as to imperil thi> lives of tho.mj who were nc.ir it. As it Ava^, two men ree( ivt'd rallu-r ■■^crutus injuries, and weiv taken to lio^pital to receive the tetwh'r and efllcient care of our excellent 1 >octor Ward. It now became very thick and hazy. The engine worked on, and our spirits rose as each fathom of the rope coiled over the drum. Eut, alas ! all of a sudden, with one bound, the rope, springing into the air with a ringing noise, left the rapitlly revolving drnm ; and, before it conld be stopped with the hempen stops wluch men were j.reparing to roll round it near the wheel at the bow, it slipped away from them and darted down to the mysterious Atlantic waters again. Another blow to our hopes ! But still we reasoned upon what had occurred, and the probability of grappling the [irize dill not .S(»em so distant as it was yester- day. To persevere while we had a foot of tlie butiy rope leit Avas the re- solve which those iu command at once arrived at ; and it was agn^ed to get to westward of where the gra[)nel and cable lay, ami drift across its lino again. The wind, hitherto favourable for this operation, now somewhat changed, and there was a very thick fog. At I.. 'JO P.M. (ship's lime), and just before we started, we tired guns and blew the steam whi.stle, to h't the Terrible know we had moved ; and it was some time before we heard one of h(>r lOO-pounders boom a reply. AVe soon steained the hfteen miles- the distance ( 'aptain An derson determined upon ; and we lay to during the night, the wciather being very fine, and tlu^ sea as smooth as glas.s. Friiliii/, Aiu/uM \fli. — There is very lit till to record to-day. We were drifting still away, to get at the (K-.^ired place- to reach which was ri'iwlered more dilH('ult by the fai't (»!' our not beinj; able to get, ob.servations. An attempt to sound waa niiide and beeauie fruitless, no far as learning the naturi' of the liottom was ••oiicerned, by the line having broken. It was .said that the lead touched 0 lalboms. Karly in the Jiiorniiig, the Tirrihle aitpeaicd to lee- ward of US (piite close, and her lirst Jieiiteimnt, Mr I'rowse. came on board to imcertain what we proposed t,o do. lie saw prepaiiitions made for lowering one of the smaller lmoy,s — which wi\h ]tlaced on a raft coin powed of planksand Narrative of the. Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 18G5. 451 casks, so as to keep it as iiearly as pos- sihlo in an upright position. The ob- servations were not V(!ry good, owing to a bad hor" ai, and placed the ship in lat. 51 3 .0", long. 27' 54". Shortly before K* , m. (Greenwich time) we had reached a position calculated to be as nearly as possible where Ave parted with the grai>nel. The buoy was hove over- board, and floated on the sea, but not as high as could have been wished. On the top was a flagstaff bearing a red and white flag, and in large letters on the red painted surface r)f the buoy itself were printed the words " Atlantic Tele- graph." It is in lat. 5b^ 28', long. 38 • 42' 40." Again wc steamed away, in- tending, if the wind favoured ns, to lot the ship drift across the line of the calile the first thing in the m(»rning, iSaturday, August Ptth. -— Drifting, «lrifting again all night. In the morning we Ivad very hazy and foggy sky, but smooth water. Towards noon we saw our companion, the Terrible, the (UU'tain of fog having lift'Ml just to make her visible. 8]je signalled to us at 2' 30, giving us the beaiings of the buoy at three miles distant, whicli we (tame up to at 3-45. AVe asked her to remain by it during the night. Course N.W. by i\. for six miles, and then, if the wnid suited, to drift (h>wji and try our grapnel. S>ind(iy, August (Uh. — Thick weather still. We saw tlie Terrible very early, but afterwiinjs lost sight of her, the fog incrtNising in thickness. J)ivino service was pertV)rniod in the dining saloon l»y Captain Antlers- servatii'us Jt was siiid tliat wo nmst have tlie buoy on (»ur iKtrth-wesi some Hfteen or sixteen miles. l<'ng increasing, iog hnnis and steam whistles went during the night. Monday, August 7M.- The weather continued " dirty" all night. \Ve made out the Terrible slioiMy after the day broke, ami informed her, in answer to her <|Uestion, that we were about to grapple fertile cable. \W\ iilso gave her our lat. and long. About halt']ta«t 8 wo camo lip with the buoy, then wteamed N.VV. for twelve miles. At 1 1. 10, being then 1.47 by Greenwich, the grapnel went over for the second time. It was much quicker in its voyage to the bottom than on the former occasion. At 12.5 we concluded that it reached the ground, the dynauiometer showing a great diminu- tion of strain. The northerly wind Ave wished for blew steadily all day, and Ave drifted on the course; of the cable Avith every possil)le favourable circumstance. Shortly after si.x: the dynamometer marked 48 CAvt. and the head of the Big Ship answered slightly to the strain and came up to thcAvind. Still the grajmel asked her to do more, and by-and-by she replied by altering lier head from E. and by S. | south to E. | N. Even the sailors, hitherto unbelievers in the success of the deep-sea fishing Ave Avere engaged in, admitted that Ave must have caught hold of the prize noAv, and joined the cable-crew in hope that v/e might yet have it on board. All Avcnt on Avell until 8.10 P.M., when the machinery again showed its utter inadequacy. The chief engineer called on the capstan to aid it, anil 150 fathomstm hour came up steadily, and, to all a]«peaiiii.nci's, Avith a better chance of ultimate success than lia told the Terrible that Ave Avere " going on h«;>[)e- fully." Tuendayy Auguxt Htfi. — Ail night the greatest care Avas devoted to Avatching the strain on the cable, and Captain An- derson never left the bows of the ship, conning her course, signalling to "stop," **eaRe,"ancl "reverse" the engines, accord- ing to the angle and position which the rope- — now coming in smoothly -iver the wheel and round the capstan — made to the ship. About 5.30 a.,m. the dyuiimo- meter went up as high fus 87 cwt,, in- dicating a fair amount of probability that the grapnel with the cable had left the bottom. In a couple of honr^ ultfi- Avards the one mile mark on \\m rope hauled in showed what good ground of hope there waa for getting tin! rest on board, and it was felt that, if we suc- ceed! il in doing so. AV(( should have ac- complished a feat uTq^imlleled in ocean telegraph hi} ing. In fact, the landing of the line in Trinity Day wii.-* felt to bo 452 Narrative of the Atlantic Tidegraph Expedition, 1865. secondary in point of interest. No ono entertained a doubt as 1o the practica- bility of tbc one ; but to bring up a cablo from a dc'])th of over two niih's was to overc-omc ditiicultics scarcely to bo estimated. Our hopes are again destroyed. At 17 minutes to S a.m. away went the cable again. A sliackle had passed in ap|)a- rent safety over the V wheel at the bow, thence to the drum, and so on to the capstan, whore, after three turns had b(;en taken, the swivel came out, and, •with a force wluch those w ho saw it can never forget, whizzed inlo the aii' like a ship's rocket, and, after lashing its tail with i'ury, dived down under the frown ing liows of the '^lup. We came to the breakfa«t-tablo almost brokiMi hearted ; and ('a})tain Anderson, J\li. (iooch, ami ^Ir. Canning intimated that we should soon know the decision as to what cour.s'> sliouhl be pursued. The indomitable Canning, it Avas undtrstood, had urged another '• try ;" ami, as enough rope was on bu;\rd of the live miles, to enable him to try the eN])eriment, it was resolved to look once more for the cable. Lieutenant I'rowse, of th(! Te/rih'e, bad by tlu^« tini'' come on board, and Icaniefl wliat we intended to do. He told uw that on tlie Sunday they came up with the lirst buoy w»' llircw in. ami clo.so along- pide of it a small srhooiKn- ealli'd the First Fniitf, of Jh'idp'irt, out. twenty day.s from CardiR". and iiouni] to llarl)o\ir (irace. TIki captain of the Ti'rrihic Rent Lieutenant I'rowse on ])oard of the little Vfsscl, and learned fiom her cap- tain that he h.id .seen the laioy, and. ^n niaking outwhat itwa.^, had di'icrnutied t^) remain near it for a while, in the liopo ot being enabled to give inf'onnation to M\y ship in the telegmph e\]iediti(in which Jiappeneil to t»e near. He cv- j)ressed tiie greatest worrow on learning tliat the cable had jKiited. We ,dl h.ipe that the cuudm t uf this w.irmdieurted and exceJltMit .sailor, wlmse name we did not learn, may lie rewarijed by those, who havn it ill their power ((, do sj,i. At !).■'»(► another hllny w.im hove over board, of the same size as the ffirmer one, painted red, with the word " Tele graph." On the top of the flag-stalf there was a canvass -ball painted black, and the flag itself Avas red, white, and reil, horizontal. The Buoy is in lat. or 25' 30", hm. .38" bCV. Mr. Canning and Mr. Gooch now conferred with re- spect to the coming attempt to get at the cal)le ; and it was resolved to trust to the ca[»stan, which has not only shown what it can do, with the engine t(> which it has been attae^ ed, in getting up the huge anchors ol the Gmit Kasttrn, but has proved its(>lf 'an excellent au.Kiliary to the maehinery which was too credu- lously supposed to be able to di. the Avork of picking up. liound the ca])staii a casing of Avood is to be ])laced, so as to increase its diamettu- for the coiling of the rope. T)ie dynamometer and its two wheels are to be shifted nearer the capstan ; and it i.s bidieved that the strain Avill bo by these means inatie more even, and that susblen jerks can be more readily controlled. The swivels, too, will all be tidven out, and either new ones made at tme of the forges on deck (for Ave haA'e two) or the old ones slrcMigthened. M\ tliis work Avill take over lorty-eight hours to get throuj^h. l.'p til ") I'.M. Ave kept conipfiny with the Tirrihlf. but the wind wa.- freshen- ing eveiy nuuiient to Avhat Cajitain An- «lerson called a summer gale. We (steered W.N.W, up to midnight, and congratulated tairselvf"< that the in- cieasiiig .-'ca had so little effect on our gr(!at .ship, l^e''//^Wnf//, A'fiit.st 9///. -Wo had a gentle intimation last night that the (Irfiif h'ltsfrru could lie iiidu- night was pevhictly <;aini ; and, as the sparks Hew aloft from tlie seetliing iron, hammered by tlui l)rawny Vulcuns, wo were all impressed with the j)ictures(pieness of the scene — a pi(.'tnr(^ that Rembrandt would have painted. Thnviidai/, Aiif/i'sf \i)th, -A calm night. Towards .'{ .\ i\i. a slight bree/e. The ship was taken by a current io the eastward some f! or 7 miles between 9 i'..M. last night and 4 this morning. Shortly before this avc made out .Iiuoy No. 1, and thi'ii stt.'eifd away for ]hioy .No. '2. As on former occasions, we Ixn-e away to get the ship broatlside on and drift on over I'hc cable, steering N.W. The grapnel left the bows at \0.'M) A.M. ( Ireenwich time with 2,1(1(1 fathoms of wire ropo and c able attiuhed, and found bottom at ILLS \.m. We then set the fore and aft ^ail and also our topsailfi to assist our drifting. Stnun varving from 40 to IT) cwl. sjll drd'ting. At 1 I'.M. Btram on the index of the dy- iiaTnometer (K) cwt. beyond which joint ' A fftc-situilo <>r tliJM (7liart, iw w«'ll hh oiio hliowiiiK tliH ttfti'k i>f the ih'Cttt t'ntta"t, nc- coiiipuiiM this aiti 'lo. it did not show any inclination to go ; and Mr. Canning and Captain Anderson arriv(id at the cftnclusioji that we had moved the cable this time. l)rder3 were then given to haul the grapnel in, and the machinery was set in motion. J3y 11.30 over 1,400 fathoms had been got in, the capstan working very aatis- factoi'ily. Frii'hnf, AwfUHt Wth.—M ,'5. 20 a.m., the whole stalf having remained faithful to their respective posts during the night, the grapnel made its appearance imder tlie V wdieel at tlie bow. We were dismayed to find that the chain which fastened the shank had taken an ugly half hitch round one of the llulvos, so that it was imjjossilile to hook the cable eHectually. (.'aptain Ander- son said that he was pretty sure wo liad caught hold of it at on(i o'clock yesterday ; but tlie discovery which was now made showed that, even if he had, the gra|)nel never could have got a proper ludd. It was calculated from the length of the rope covered with ooze, that we were in IjOi")!) fathoms, thougli we sent down 2,400. There was a great desire among all on board to get some of the etulf from the bottom which adhered to the grapnel and the rope ; and all of us collecteil siiecimens. ]>r. Ward shi)wed me soukj Hmall ."-.hells, which Were examined in a nucro.scopo. Sir Roderick Murehi.son will have an opportuiuty of .seeing the ooze, as a bottle of it will be sent to the Geo- graphical Society. "What' Aiu)ther trial. Mr. Can- ning?" "Yes," said he, "as long as 1 have enongli ro|)e — but I f(.'ar it has been sadly tried in the, last work it h;ul to do." Sueh were the chief engineer's conclusions, and his sta'f were eet at once to work to patch it up. ( >n ex.i- miiiatioJi it w.is found that the strands had been mdaid ; so it was nsnlved that the defeetive pieces nhould l)c replacetl. WIkui CHiiipU'te, It was made up of IJiOO fiiilionis (>: wire rope, 220 fatlnuns ot hemp rope, and "dO lUthnuis of Ma- nilla. \ new urapuel was bent (m. At 7.2.) A.M. we were abreast of p.uny No. 2, and at 11.30 we signallei] ouc 454 Narrative of the Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 18G5, companion, the TerrMe, " We are going to umko a iinal ettbrt," and " Wo are sorry you huve had such uncotnfortublu wailing." \Vl)en the ship's lioad was W. hy 8. and tiic buoy bore E. hy N, about two miles, tJio grapne,! was let go. 'J'his was at loO (.Ireenwich linio. We again set the cauva.'; on the ship to regulate our drift. At 3-5i) p.m. ships time strain was marked to be 00 cwt. and the cable came in Avitli the utmost ease and regularity round the capstan. Tha strain now became greater, the dynamo- meter indicating 80 (.'\vt., and shortly afterwards, in a Jerk which the sliacklo made in coming in, it marked 1U5 cwt. There was only one opinion now on board as to our having the cable on the grapnel, and at no ])erind of I he trying time which wo had gone through was there more real hope ; for. though men o])eidy said, ''We dare not ho])e,"' yet there was confidence inspired in iis from Mr. Can- ning's and Capta.u Anderson's manner, which niad'i us, spit"' of all, bclii've tliat we should J tick up the eable. We all sat down to dinn»,'r in better ■spirits than we had been in for some days. Abiiut a tpiarter to 7 I strolhd up to till' bows, and stood at the biiriier, sepa- rating the cajistan and machinery i'rom the fore pait of the deck, put there in order to h-ave the cable men .'imple s])ace to work, and to prevent them being hiterfered with. The cap.'^tan was bringing in the nnnilla ro)>o vi.'ry steadily, wdiich w;i.> being jiassed aft by the calile crew for coiling. A dozen or iimre hands were on the elevated grating on deck, nt the bow. watrhmg the pro- gress of tlie ropt' after it, had eorue over the V wheel, and standing by with liempeii stops to sto]) its [irogress on pelting the signal. ('a))taiti .Vtiderson 8t«)od at the port siile of the bow, watdiing the strain of the rope, and occasionally speidang thiougb the tube which ii'ads aft to the bridge, and giving iustnutions to "stop licr," •'reverse," or "go on," as orcasion might demand. All of a sudden ii wlii.-tlini4 uois(f was heard, and nil was over ! The mpobjitko like a carroty, and dived into the Atlantic to j'oin the mute cable whieh lay below. Now then for home ! What more could be done ] Thought, zeal, energy, labour, had all been honestly and faith- fully applied ; every available resource at the Engineer's command had been used to recttver the cable ; but, these having failed, there was only one cours(! to pursue. After a short conference with Mr. Oooch and Mr. Canning, (.'aptain Anderson gave the necessary instructions to prepare for our return. Lieutenant Prowse, of the Terrible, had come on board as soon as we signalled our failure, ami informed us that the frigate would atomic })roceed to 8t. John's, and would take di.spatehea for us. >Slie came up quite close to our stern. Her captain, ])ecoming impaticiut at the delay of the ])innace — the sea beginning to rise rapidly with the increiising wind — fmul a recall gun ; and soon afterwards Mr. Prowse put oti' fnuu tlie ship, lighting a blue li'div in th(i boat to show the Terrible. where he wa.s. He soon got on board, and Colomb's signal-lights, which have been used in both ships during the expe- dition, Hushed the word " Farewell" fr(»m the frigate, to whicii we replied, " < lood- bye, thank you.'' < 'a))t.ain Anders.ui then said. " Full speed, and keep her head east." and the Unnt K'tsfeni pmnted her obedient bow towards England. The Fastnet Lighthouse, oft' Crook- havci), was nuuh' early on Thursday, the 17th of August, and despatches were sent ashore by a .small steamer. 'Iho following; statement, having been unani- nioU'^ly agreed to on board, was t(;le- graphcd to Liuilon. It is u summary of the facts connectetl witti the di.seovery of the faults and of the jtartiug of the cable ; ami it is impossil)lv tor any oius who, like myself, witnessed the eventa of this memorable i xpeditiou t(Mlisagreo with the conclusion at which the prac tical men have arrived " Atiastk; TKi.i-n- fidently a>lied on. "3d. That the insulation of the gutta-percha- covered conductor improved when submerged to more than practical nien tvngaj^'ed in the expedition liavo arrived. Hut 456 Narrative of the Atlantic Telegraph Expedition, 1865. •I this, is not all that is required. Another cable should he constructed at once ; hut whether the external protector of the conductor and insulator is to be of a different kind will have yet to be determined. Beyond all doubt the pro- tector^ Avas pierced through, and the core was woimded ; but still the cable has so many other admirable qualities, particularly in its flexibility for paying out, and its general strength, that those interested may hesitate before they aban- don the form which has been approved * Conductor — Copper strand consisting of 7 wires (6 luid round one), and weighing 300 lbs. per nautical mile, embedded for solidity in Chatterton's Compound. Gauge of single wire "048 ~ ordinary 1 8 gauge. Gauge of strand "144 = ordinary No. 10 gauge. Insulation — Gutta percha, 4 luycra of which are laid on alterufttely with four thin layers of Chatterton's Compound. The weiRht of the entire insulation 400 lbs. per nautical mile. Diameter of core '464, circumference of core 1-392. Euti'rnal protection — Ten solid wires of the gauge 095 No. 13 gauge), drawn from Webster and Horafall'i IIomogeDeous Iron, each wire Rurrounded separately with five atrands of Manilla yarn, saturated with a preservative compound, and the whole laid spirally round the core, which latter is padded with ordi- nary hemp, saturated with preservative mixture. Weight in air 35 cwt. 3 qrs. per nautical mile. Weiriht in water 14 cwt. per nautical mile, or equal to eleven times its weight in water per knot ; that is U> say, it will bear its own weight in eleven miles depth of water. Breaking atrain 7 tons 16 cwt. Deepent water to hr rncouniered 2,400 fathoms, or leas than 2^ nautical miles in depth. The cimtract Mmin is equal to eleven times its weight per uuutical mile in water. of by the scientific committee.^ Possibly it may be thought desirable to strand the solid wires and thus give additional protection. Captain Anderson is of opinion — and no one is moro competent now than he is to form a correct one — that Ihe Great Eastern is the ship of all others best calculated to pick up the cable, friy the early part of the month of M|iy, next year, proper and efficient machinery and gear could be got ready; a njewj cable could be manufactured by thai . Telegraph Construction and Maiate-]' nance (Jompany, and the Great Eastern, j having laid it at Heart's Content, copld j then return to the spot where the cajble } of 1865 parted, raise it and bring it toj the American terminus. By these me ms the lines (if the expedition be success! 'ul) will be brought into commercial ( pe-i ration. 1 Englishmen, at all events, are not; ac-| customed to be beaten in any enterp -iso they take up, and nothing has occuiy«d in the Atlantic Telegraph expeditio^ of 1865 to create doubt as to ultinjate success. ' Captain Douglas Oalton F.G.S., F.R.S., William ~ " F.R.S., Charles Wheatstone, William Thomson, Esc). Joseph Whitworth, Esq., C.E., F.R.S.— whoj formed the Scientific Committee, appointed byj the Directors of the Atlantic Telegraph Com-" puny to examine all specimens and tenders 'submitted to the Company — ;inanimously re- commended that Messrs. Glass, Elliot, anct Co.'s specimen be adopted, and that theiil tender for making and laying the cabls bei accepted, a I I Vi m \ m ac- ^sJ f*. *jn5».^.w«i»ims: jcT»i?r,' sia-uc r •'^X£.'t.^Vw.n7-Vj..-;«i'r.7i-... 10 u:xx:t:i.n::r:lxxa-:iJ:r. a xt. ti nii_iirj3-iznIrizi:i:Lti:i:rji-] 1 1 sc^ I I f .o^> /s Ac fci uf- ,i -^^'' i-- .^. / - 2c / cxrxa-f-r-xxi: •"JxTzrTXT.znxipi.xTr-.c^mrr.r^ .t .1 1 a- ). 1 •.r-ii.j.-'.i /.♦ r &) //v. *1I«S»«5.- . 1 •rrSiTMl^ .-•ct**-;*'* v«r<\ii*«.tt«(»»B«!wiBtx-^i«»t»«c«wtiia;>toi*s.;!»«^^ wm n ^ i j^Mr.MW iin I'.ni.ri n i«t.»cK««.^^«.>«.^iy».^. jy.^.,y„..„ j„ r!.- "n %^ t'' t^o aft 10 2j' M'/te^ ^/•f/''*-*^ 'to r too V c^T tizjt entcL erf Hi. ^ 4* 3f ?0 /lutri 2^^' $1 ■ m-. Jto V St 2S . if , t . / ..' JSu^j . Jfu*" ' 4- St • 28 »' * - ^ 2 r^AJt ^ r«^^ /^«^* r Sf IS jr» I t\^ ^■^ -'^ 4 \ SI -^IS ' /$ \ X/k tr^Ui /r«ii^ e/Kff' •f'Ca.l U. Jlu^icst z*'ff U $ i J I 1,1 I i-u: Xntl cf d'hUf ui tA* Criminal ^ ^lu^* /w»r *t -r -•«• -i^ Jlu^. 3 • ;95jcy ^rdfiplut^eufuCli^torus- CcuUt. ^ ^\ -ij-f^ 7*Uc*« •V 4o * 50 10 quTTlXlLTIXX H^^jifmm^tr^CFiltt'^ mnrx €0 40 ^ooQ-tzn n-]- 1 I I I > I I I ' I T i-r-r-T-r .«aca«2nw»w*aB»»«'T''««*"*sy*'^='*'***"'*^''*'^'^'^^ * 1 \'}iC/^ t'fiiU^<^ to Y too V CT ijxt, oy\.cL of- ^/•!si.''C 7i i.^ trf r.n/'' ' f-'^ , p i- M lU MmA^f>u/t4'< :«.;i*.tlw» v»»>»i-.>-»».>Tr.B»c>. : >i u «i uiwun m wwWt <« » m — »B « Wi iww >i.» r wi MMMMRK^IW rm: €0 40 io ■s.c 10 g^xua- m I I . 1 . 1 i 1 1 I 'l -I 1 I I 1 . 1 l-r-rx it-n Tr-t-T-r-r-i-hr -n-Ttr r- rT-t-r-nn — in *rrrdzi=ncc!iiij:rir] CM riff Ofl»/\Al f^(.\Tt0 Ot\ e»04A'.' ■ 't^ ' JTir''> J . . I ,, J II . . ... I I H r I , l i .... , l | I . " i nn ii||ii .m i iii um i H J .H I U I. h ii m i .ih , l i^ «» mm »i iil iil mi m. i jn m i ^i p i m iif* *f: |— >^-^ I |i^ J i 3 i t ' 1 /icpth /■; 1 ' J> ■:i::rr.:_i - :t_i3:3r: irr. uf I' AjliarnC TiElLECRAPH CmTE • 186S ShOWINQ • THE • TRACK • OF • THt • ^TEAM • SHIP • G Rt AT • EASTERN *' O.N- HERvOYAaE. • FROM • ValENTIA TO- N tWFOLNDLAND - WITH-THE SOUNDINTCS - THE- DAILY- LATITUDE • AND- LONQITUDE -THE- DISTANCE RUN -AND- THE • NUMBER -OF -MILES -OF - CABLE . PAID -OUT • r/i^s "CWs.t'r S4STA-RN '- rtuco^r- zees'. ed^pftjm&Efit^. SmAr '-O ^ IS9 ( t ...^...y^ '^ *f ^ S*Jckn. IXI S6 r /JO ■• loxf U8S- iiir n . . *3 "3 •3 *^ to 90 ^•^Joundlaitot Ss" "*'*' \ r*\ h' }i ■..' I ,1 I :| Otr. tAe^ Nf-hrnV Scalf of f J»ot Vtrfxct^Z ft //A /forlxo H.ta.1. I % > 4h .1=:^--; i» It I ■ I ' ' ' • ' ■■■ -^- ■ • » — L • . ' ■ ' «3 > ■ ♦ *. «l > • • - • . « -^ iA xrrz::n:r=xrr=j: 5 ^ ^^^|^f/£e^ >5 • N S tctloTK. oF *^g^ ti" tJu Irifh fiBCTlON OFTllEBKD 01' T«E ATI.ANTJC OCUAXFUOM rAl.KM'TA '3| y Ix: /6S0 St. 3 7^-s:z:n: Fl XIV.'.'I.' M H^j^^^'- - ::j:=zx: V ja •3 «5 »■ *' ' •tiW w' 'd^« rf- (Ai IrUA B^™*i fr.7n.A ft, Eon. fAfc7lar.. SA€».iT.8-J*»'> •/ 250 fmj. fof»*l.»ioi 4 I #9 a OV *3 Iaa* Fi^O>t VaM:>TTA to TKlNiry BAY NEWFOUJNJPI^ANP. 701- 9S IS75- 3 zrr: 7i Tlr n - :i:—.rr:7t'. 1 jo ,i»«^ n^ - - - -idSil-. •i ■ StrSP — •3 31 ;)tf ^^'^f:^.,.::^. /i8 / 21s: t^B no ; ,. ISO no An w ^'/K ■cnj- /\' ■~l. ■ ••■ -- •« - •* » •■ fw^: U^t^TotSL of tht Ocea-yt-lH jySO fnts, /AC s/Ar/i£ Br v/AfCtNr b^ocas. V i 6^ \ i 8S f So .:i I ':• /'}£/ N . ■ ' ''' i i i ' ii -i ai «irtain ii ii mmi'tkmm irtin* «i^** >^«'