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MEMOIR 
 
 OF TUE 
 
 REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 By E. lord. 
 
 WITH 
 
 I'AR F:\VELL letter to the AMERICAN TRESBYTERIAN SOCIETY 
 
 OF MONTREAL. 
 
 AND 
 
 LETTER FROM THE REV. HENRY \VILKES, D.D. 
 
 » V 
 
 Potttunl : 
 
 PRINTED BY JOHN LOVELL, ST. NICHOLAS STREET. 
 
 1868. 
 
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 1 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Parentage and enrly years of Mr. Christmas ; — his fondness for 
 pofttry and painting; — notice of his poem, entitled The Artist, 
 and of various compositions and translations while he was a 
 member of Washington College, p. 10 — 13. 
 
 His attention drawn to the subject of religion ; — letters from 
 Rev. Mr. Reed and Rev. Dr. Wylie, relative to that period of his 
 life, p. 13—17. 
 
 His narrative of his religious views and fee'.ings on becoming 
 a member of the Church, in Wooster, Ohio, p. 17 — 20. 
 
 Removes to Princeton, joins, and continues, through the usual 
 course of three years, a member of the Theological Seminary :-• 
 brief extracts from his journal, P« 20—25. 
 
 Notice of subjects which specially engaged his attention while 
 at Princeton; — prayer, p. 27—31. Character and work of the 
 Saviour, p. 32. 
 
 His design of devoting himself to the service of the Protestant 
 Churches in France ; — one of his letters on that subject ;— an es- 
 say of the history and state on those Churches, and the facilities 
 of access and usefulness to them, p. 33 — 46. 
 
 Receives license to preach the Gospel ; — is immediately invited 
 to officiate in a newly organized Church in Montreal : — receives 
 a unanimous call, and is ordained pastor of that Church, p. 47. 
 
•««, 
 
 '• ^i^jAkf>^'' ' 
 
 VI 
 
 Marriage; — rcvlc^T of liia abundant and 8uccc3sfiil labors In 
 Montreal ; — notice of hia tract on Repentance, No. 183 of the se- 
 ries of the Ajucrican Tract Society; — essay and sermons on the 
 authority and duties of the Lord's day; — controversy with Ca- 
 tholic priests, <,^c. ; — an ai»peal to the inhabitants of Lower Ca- 
 nada, on the Piii jcct of temperance y -discourse on moral inabili- 
 ty ;— tr-ct No. .:52, entitled, " Mary Lc Flcur," p. 48—54. 
 
 Dissolution of his pastoral relation, on account T his ill health ; 
 —letter to the Presbytery on that ocasion ; — notice of his Fare- 
 well Letter to liis people, p. 54 — 58. 
 
 His voyage to Xew Orleans as agent of the American Bible 
 Society in January, 1829 ; — death of his two children in April 
 and May ; — rapid decline and decease of Mrs. Christmas, p. SB- 
 GO. 
 
 Addresses, ttc, written by him for the Temperance and Tract 
 Societies ; — his installation as pastor of the Bowery Presbyterian 
 church ;— bis sudden illness and death, March 14th, 1830, p. CI 
 —62. 
 
 Survey of his character ; — remarkable purity and simplicity of 
 his mind ; — the pervading influence of his piety ; — the influence 
 of his principles over his conduct, p. 63 — 71. 
 
 Particulars in which bis example was worthy of imitation : — 
 Ist, in regard to the leading object and purpose of his life, name- 
 ly, to glorify God by obedience to his will, p. 72 ; — 2nd, in his 
 views of doing good,— the manner of exerting his agency so 
 as both to glorify God and benefit his fellow-men, p. 78 ; — 3rd, 
 his diligence and his great and persevering efforts to accomplish 
 what he undertook, p. 81 ;— 4th, in his practice of looking for, 
 desiring, and expecting the beneficial results of his prayers and 
 efforts, both here and hereafter, p. 82 ; — 5th, in his example as 
 a good man, enduring severe trials and sufferings, p. 87 ; — re- 
 flections in view of his character and history ; — allusion to the 
 history of Carey, Fuller, Ryland, &c. — quotations from the two 
 latter respecting Pearce, p. 89 — 95. 
 
Vll 
 
 Discourse on Christian Intercegsion ;— its luiiipy cfTcctg on 
 ourselves; promotes fricndaUip ; — is nn nntidoic to reseiitmcnt ; 
 —greatly increases ministerial usefulness ; aiiiinatos to diligence 
 in promoting the happinessof our foUow-meii ; — blessings promis- 
 ed to intercessions for the salvation of men, p. l*.') — 103. 
 
 Discourses respecting that inability which prevents the sinner 
 from embracing the gospel ; — two opposite views of this subject 
 which have been held, stated ; what is meant by natural ability, 
 and what by moral ability; the inability which prevents a sin- 
 ner from obeying the Gospel, wholly moral, consisting in his un- 
 willingness; — the distinction no less important than obvious, p. 
 104 — 110. Proofs that men possess na/wrn/ ability, perfectly to love 
 God and to obey the Gospel,— argued from the divine commands ; 
 — the objection that this ability was lost in Adam, answered ; — 
 also the notion that though we are not able to obey, God has 
 promised to give strength to those who ask liini ; — other objec- 
 tions noticed and refuted, p. 110 — 123. Practical inferences; — 
 if men have ability to obey Goc, the want of a disposition to do 
 so, is no excuse for disobedience ;— if they possess such ability, 
 then they are not passive in regeneration ; — and lliose Scriptures 
 which speak of repentance, faith, and love as man's duty, are 
 easily seen to be consistent with those which speak of them as 
 God's gift ; the destruction of those who do not obey the gospel « 
 is to be attributed wholly to themselves ; — possessing such abili- 
 ty, it is a wicked thing in men to delay repentance on pretence of 
 waiting for divine aid, p. 123 — 141. 
 
 Farewell letter to the American Presbyterian Society of Mon- 
 treal, L. C, p. 142—179. 
 
 Letter from the Rev. Henry Wilkes, D.D., p. 180—183. 
 
'u.^kjifV'' ^ms^'t^ 
 
M E U 1 ]{ . 
 
 The subject of the following memorial, Joseph Stibhs 
 CniusTMAS, was born April 10th, 1803, in Georgetown, 
 Beaver county, Pennsylvania. His parents had thirttrn 
 children, of whom he was the eighth. His father was de- 
 scended from an ancient family of the north of England. 
 Having passed the early part of his life in London, he re- 
 moved to this country and settled in Pennsylvania, in 1784. 
 His maternal grandfather, Joseph Stibbs, likewise from 
 London, came to this country and settled in the then co- 
 lony of Virginia, prior to the revolution. 
 
 From his earliest years the extraordinary versability and 
 ardor of his mind were displayed both in his stuties and in 
 his more active employments. He discovered a restless 
 spirit of inquiry into every subject to which his attention 
 was directed, and at the same time a taste for rural scenery, 
 au inventive and imitative turn, and a remarkable fond- 
 ness for drawing and painting. A communication from 
 one of his relatives states that before he was eight years old 
 he had a room appropriated to himself, where he practised 
 drawing maps and painting, and that he became so devoted 
 to the u.se of his pencil as to subject himself to severe pri- 
 vations, in order to indulge that propensity. 
 
 B 
 
r 
 
 '■Uk:JifK'^ 
 
 10 
 
 MEMOIU OF THE 
 
 IIo continued to ehcrisli tluH passion for paintitii; till 
 near the close ofliis terui.s at college , and at one {xiriod it 
 onurossod nearly all liis time and attention, and was de- 
 hi^iied to be the object of his luture life. He aocordinj^ly 
 studiotl and wrote nnieh on this and its kindred arts. Se- 
 veral ofliis manuscripts on this subject arc preserved, some 
 treatinij; it by way of analysis, others of criticism ; sonw 
 consist inj:; of notes and observations on tlie history of paint- 
 ters and painting, and some defending the art, as a pursuit 
 for life, against the objections of his friends and acquaint- 
 ances. From tlicsc papers, and from some letters which 
 wore addressed to him, it appears that he continued to prac- 
 tice tliis art with increasing facility and very flattering 
 success; and that he was encouraged to send one of his ori- 
 ginal pieces in oil to the exhibition at Philadelphia. 
 
 In addition to this, he gave himself at the same time to 
 the kindred, and, to a genius and temperament like his, no 
 less f\iscinating, art of poetry. Did his papers furnish noth- 
 ing but wliat remains of his first sixteen years on tliis sub- 
 ject, they would suffice to show that ho possessed those rare 
 talents and qualities which fitted him to excel in whatever 
 he undertook. lie pursued with this the same method as 
 with every other subject upon which he bestowed any con- 
 siderable attention ; he analyzed it, studied its history, prin- 
 ciples, and relations, and then practised. Having once pos- 
 sessed himself of a subject in this manner, it seemed to oc- 
 cupy a fixed place in his mind, and to be ever ready to be 
 used at pleasure. /^~^ 
 
 As an illustration of tlie hold which poetry and painting 
 had gained on him, and of his success in the cultivation of 
 thorn, it may suffice to mention his *' Poem in two cantos" 
 entitled '' the artist; prepared for the public contest be- 
 
 I 
 
TIKV. J03EIMI STinilS f'lIIllSTMAH. 
 
 11 
 
 pjiiutini; till 
 )nc poriod it 
 
 and was do- 
 ; accordin}j:;ly 
 hI arts. Sl' 
 iscrvod, some 
 licism ; some 
 tory of paint- 
 ,, aH a pursuit 
 \nd acquaint- 
 
 lottcrs whicl) 
 inuodtoprac- 
 ory fltittorinp; 
 3no of his ori- 
 .elpliiii. 
 
 san\c time to 
 lit like his, no 
 
 furnish uoth- 
 
 s on this sub- 
 
 ;sed those rare 
 in whatever 
 
 nie method as 
 
 owed any con- 
 history, prin- 
 
 ving once pos- 
 seemcd to oc- 
 
 er ready to be 
 
 \f and painting 
 cultivation of 
 n two cantos" 
 lie contest be- 
 
 «'« 
 
 tweoH tho Unidii and LiNjrary Societies of Wartliinj^ton Col- 
 lege," (<»fwhi(dj he was then a niem)»( r, and in his Hixtccnth 
 year;) " and puhlislied })y tho Uni(Mi Society in 1810." 
 It was his ol)ject to vindicate the line arts from the dispa- 
 raiding opinions then current as to their importance, and to 
 •iwaken an interest in their favcr. His analysis of this 
 pftem is subjoined,''^ from the above mentioned edition. 
 Fragments of two other poems written at a hiter period, and 
 a variety of s:n;dler poetic compositions, remain among liis 
 papers. 
 
 His compositions and translations between his eighth and 
 sixteetli year on the different subjects which his studies and 
 euiployme .<ts brought witliin liis view are very numerous, 
 :ind for the most part such as might be appealed to in proof 
 
 ♦ " Canto I. opens with a view of the dark ages — inquires what 
 first relieved mankind from tho thraldom of 3Uj)er3titionand igno- 
 rance — ultributes this eiUHncii»ation to tlie fine arts — mentions 
 some of the modern poets of Italy — Dante — Tasso — Petrarch — 
 •irtists, Michael Angelo — Buonarrotti described — Da Vince — an 
 allusion to the battle of Pisa — Raphael, his character, fame, un- 
 timely death— Traits of Correggio, his penury,misfortune— Titian, 
 hi? excellence, chiefly in coloring — Tintoret — Giorgione — Paul 
 Veronese — cliaracteristics of Salvator liosa — the three Caracci, 
 Hannibal, Ai^nistino, Ludovico — their scholars, Guido and Domi- 
 nichino — proct-'cds to the painters of France — Poussin — Le Hrun 
 — Le Seur — the sanguinary David — Flemish artists — Ruben.?, 
 Vandyke, Rembrandt — Prussian, Eckstein — the English school, 
 Reynolds, Fuseli, Wilson, Harry — mentions tho sources whence 
 the painters drew their knowledge of design and correctness of 
 contour — the antique." 
 
 " Canto II. While the works of the learned are excluded from 
 the view of the greater part of mankind l)y the veil of ignorance, 
 the sublime conceptions of the artist are poured on every eye — 
 
flJK^<>^ 
 
 H 
 
 It" ' 
 
 12 
 
 MEMoin or inr, 
 
 flvtiov with \vl\iol» 1)0 jnn'Mtiotl lii^j rthnMilInn Amtif»^ llniHr 
 (>r 1\i"» innmi>;ovipt^ of (liMt jwiJimI wliirli <li>m«i vr pintioulin 
 ni>(i«M\:\n' \\u' Inllowinij; n hnn5'l;»lit»n of liUoiMu's fwotity 
 tlunl «li«lo5:\n». nndiM" (ImIo L'.'M Jjiinuiry, iMllJ (liin (liic 
 toonth y«'Mv\ wlnoh is t\o]w in :\\\ (m»^?, fl(»\vini!; pfylo, imd 
 wvitlon iMit in n Onr linnil. 
 
 A (r;n\slM(inM of ivirl of Virrjl's Tollii*, mnl f^omc tr.'iim 
 l;i<ion<» \vo\\\ (Jtvi'k jnitliorH. 
 
 A (r:nislntion (in |Mrt ) of (In' ('•»nnnonl!ni('s« of IlirliuM 
 o.MU'on\it\i: tho AlVio;in \v;\v. 'IMn,«« inMnuHnipl, of mImmi! 
 \W{y ywy^i, is vory j^lMinly wridou. Mud Inis j\ full fitlt^ 
 j^aiV*' MS if iutcndod for |MiMio!\<it>n. 
 
 And of original con\p>sitions. l»osid(» Humo in ]<!Hin .nnl 
 
 onnnun'iUos (ho vurioun inoonlivo^ in KinoiM* (<> rxt ilo (lio iiim^ji 
 n;U\.Mi, nuti rroa(o i>!\inlvM-rt niul poota — purdoilmly tho rrlics ol 
 MiUi«inity and llu> plm'OiJ o<misooi"mI<m! in (lio ji/igct (»(" liis(niy — 
 lunv many M»lvi\n(afros ihcy posnosw \v!(on «"onipnrnl wiili tliosp <>1 
 AiiKM'ioA, o?]>ooiany (ho oppor(unity orsdKlyiiijjj (ho nndtpio, itnil 
 (lio a?si!5(anoo o(" tuioh piid'ona i\s (ho Motliri ; vol Aniorica liiis 
 pviMli'iOod alMu\dan( autl supori»u* (ali'n(3 Cor (ho (ino nit3 — proH(>n(s 
 ;\ viow of \Vos( on liis V(\vago to lioino— tnon(ion>^ tho pioturn o( 
 Ohristho.'xlinjr (lio sick — Stownrt — antioipntion that wlioti Kiuoitc 
 sl'.rtU agaiii bo ]4ungo>l ii\ tho night o( barbarism, (ho ar(a may 
 t'lnd ro('ii^o in An\orioa — Loslio — Allston — mlvpr(s lo (hose cavil- 
 lers who snpposo (hat Ainorica posscssos not goniws — cnlla npon 
 tho v\oparto»l groat o( Amorioa \o dony tlu^ assertion — invoUos 
 \\w Atnorioans to ohorish tho (ino arts, (o consiih'r (honi as woll 
 tlioir honor fls tho ooonomy of tho nation — allusion to Daniol's 
 prophecy — mention of Triimbnll — to tiu^se nu)r(als who possosM 
 u."* tasto — describes a genuine and amiablo poet or artist — (ho pro- 
 grei^s of genius — tho progress of a work of genius concludes witfi 
 an apostrophe to the graphic muse."' 
 
 ':^! 
 
Ml V. .n>>;i,rii mnin^ tririisrMAf^. 
 
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 in liMliu ;mtl 
 
 to (lio iinn^i- 
 tl\o rrlicH «»l 
 of IiiMtoiy — 
 
 \\\\]\ Mioao (ti 
 nnti<mo, ami 
 .\t\nMicii lin!» 
 
 vi^ — jtrt'sonts 
 l»o jtioturc <»l 
 1 whon KiUroitf 
 tho ftfta niiiY 
 
 to tlioao civvil- 
 
 s— calls upon 
 
 tion — iiivoUt's 
 Ihom a9 woll 
 
 n to Daniol'^ 
 s who poasesh* 
 
 rtist — thepro- 
 oMchuU'!^ will. 
 
 »in'«>k, Hirif !iii' !in <'xlfMi<lt'(| ' AriMlywlM mI' lift^ic/' — a 
 l»i»'ct> t|(ilr<l Nmv. U'h'i, MM iIm' hniiiitrhilif y 'iC tlio Sfiirl, — 
 ■iii<I «rv('iil r^<t\>^ '•!• ••IImt sul^j^v•|^: jiho n SMliifiifory A'l- 
 • licwi MM fill' I'iiir Alls. i|»'livcirf| ill Kcpt'iiihor, 1^^I!>, 
 win II Im> kiii"|iiuIi'i|, ill wliicli ]\i\ »'imI''»ivoi»w| fn rriodrj tic 
 juci'i's^ivt' )i!ir i^r(i|iliH in '^imIi m inniinrr »m to < X' inpliry f If 
 iiiicM, (iimI illn<lr,il<> rvMy piirfr ol' rlMforir. 
 
 Ill lilt' r«)ui:>«' oI'llKiyjuir 1^1 1) hiq »lt«;ritir»n vfu'A flruwri 
 <o lli<> siilijrcl (•!' rdijfidti, iiimI ii fotnj r-linrif/n in lii^ vi'iw^, 
 iHfiilioiiM iiii'l |(iii|»(iscs t,(»(»k pIncM!. Willi r'hflion to thi=' 
 very inlcn'slini^ junind, « Irfli-r Inm Icori rcr.c'ivc.i] i'lum l/m 
 Inotlicr in l.'iw, llrv. fJ/iinrs llowl/iri'l, of MMrmfi'!'!^, Oliio, 
 ;iml lik(jwis<' a Icitcr IVoin Kiv. Ari'li'W Wyii'-, I>.i>., Ifirn 
 jir«\Mi(l<!nt iA' flic (miIIclmv 
 
 " In llic snninicr ol' IHIH/' sayn Mr. II , '' wli'.n ;if, Wrmh- 
 iir_!;tnn Collc;_'r jiH prorcHsor of lfinij;ufi<^f!«, I w'h inforrru;'! 
 Iiy Mr. Jjinj«'H lliick, pror(;H.sor of rifitur.'il wiionn'Hjn a f;r)ri- 
 vnrsation r("-[i('clin(i; tlif; prospcnt of stn'lcnts For flic, wint/;r 
 sL'HHion, (liat ./oMcpli S. (JliriMtinn.H wns nbout, to return, ori'l 
 li<! JuhhMl, lie is liiniHolCfi host. I lia'l Ixjf'oro ]\i'.ir<\ of the 
 (/hriHtin.'iH fninily of (»<!or^';f;town, forty inilofn \><.]()W Pittn- 
 buri^li, ]»ut, Ii.'kI n') pfT^ona) ficquaintanco with any rr.'f;rri- 
 Imt (»f it. At, tlio (joinmcncornont of tlic so.HHJon younj^ 
 (Jliristni'iH rMincr. IIo socrned about, fifteen y.urA of o'^'e-, 
 Mini was very intercHtinu'. flo bad been in eolle^re under 
 Dr. Brown, and Ibi;-! was to be bin Inst year. fn the win- 
 ter lu! pra(!fis('(l painting, and wrote for the .spring eonte.Hfc 
 bis first print<'(| composition, a ooem on the subject of the 
 Fine Arts f3all.-d The Artist. At that tirno it was bis in- 
 
r 
 
 1 ( 
 
 MKAlniM «H" TMIi; 
 
 • i 
 
 t»MHi«>n (o vopMJr i<i Hie AoMdciny «>? I'lnlMtlrlpliin itiiinrdi 
 Mioly nOor io;nin!i, «'t»ll(\<>o. \\\\\ in (Iii> cmirsc of llio yiim 
 nirv (ISIH) \\\o diiHli of l\v<» oI'liiH iMIow HlmltMjN orriir 
 
 ol\;\nyro look ]>lnoo i\» Imm viowM mh'I purposoH. In Si'ptoni 
 
 1>m1» 
 
 h M- Ho oV!\,|H!\l(M 
 
 1H!\<(m1 . <ho Hl'^t 1) 
 
 itii 
 
 no ni'^t honoi'fj of Ihocinn^ woro, with 
 out nnv hositrtlion. oonforrod on liint l»v (lio llit.'inl. 
 
 " In iM^hrnnry ov iM;»rol». IMI'J, 1 hwd n»v lirsl oonvor 
 s;\tion with him on ivliijiouM sul)jools. I o;inn()t )»o\v it 
 l:\to nil tli;\t pns'-i^d, but ono tlnno I well ronuMnljor liis toll 
 inix mo. ntnuoly, thnt whon m oliilil, rofloolin<r on liis Moooun 
 tnl.ility to (n>d. ]w tl»ono;l\t ho wiMiid how;«ro. Mnd not hnvo 
 1o nnswor tor any sit« until ho MhouMhi^Povon vtvirs of nijjo. 
 Kroni oolloixo h«M*»'tnrno(l homo to (Joor^otown. ami tlioniM' 
 ron\ovod \\'\\\\ tho tamily to Woostor. Wavno oitnntv. <Miio. 
 Thoro, i>i oomjiliautv with tho wisljos ol'his lathor, h(» ootn 
 momvd tho st\uly ormo(lioino. At. tho saino timo ho was 
 alu-iduinj;- (^laudo ami writius;' sormons. Thon* won* many 
 obstaoio.'^ in tho way of his ontorinu: on tho study of thoo 
 loj^y.owiui; partly to tho opinions and loolinus of somo of 
 his noar ivlativos, and partly to liis pooiu\iary «*ir(Munstanoos 
 adtor tho ox^vusix*' of his olas-^ioal odnoation ;and it was not 
 until tlio spriiiix oflSlU that thosodiflioultios woro ontiroly 
 romovod " 
 
 Kov. Pr. Wylio. aftor rotorrinir to tho oironjnstanoos of 
 his first aoquaintanot^ with i\Ir. Christmas, at Washin}j;toii 
 Oolloiiv. s;iys, " Ho soon attraotod my particular attention, 
 and. indood. it was hardly possible not to fool an interest 
 in him at tho tirst view. Tho soft ton(»s of his voice, tho 
 regularity of liis features, the peculiarly mild «\\pression oi 
 his countenance, joined to tho infantine simplicity of his 
 whole manner, led me to expect something dolieate but itot 
 
 4 
 
 :4 
 
 •* 
 '* 
 
'■*■ 
 
 MKV. .IMSF.I'H KTIFJU^ C'FffUKTMAM. 
 
 15 
 
 lift iiMint (|i 
 •r flio winii 
 liMiM (ircur 
 
 hi S(»|»ttMii 
 won\ ^\■itll 
 
 MVil. 
 
 inot now r< 
 |I»(M' liis <rll 
 
 I Ilis (KMVMIII 
 
 uhI n(»t linvc 
 \o;\vii of Mu;r. 
 
 Minty, < *lii(t. 
 Iior, lio com 
 liino lie wns 
 
 worp mniiY 
 ndy of tln'o 
 
 of some ol 
 nMiniHtMTiccs 
 xl it wns not 
 Atu't' (Mitiroly 
 
 miHtnniH'S of 
 Wasliin<j;ton 
 Mr ••ittontion, 
 
 1 an intoH'st 
 IS voice, tho 
 wprossion ol 
 tlicity of liis 
 icato but m»t 
 
 ■<# 
 
 -SI 
 
 -tiMiiiriii llip ('liurMf'Icr ol' lii-* Miirid. I whh woon iri'lu''") 
 It clifini;;!', in Kf»mn dr^roc, llic o|iiriior» fd' lii'< irif»'II''''hifil 
 ••li!ir;u'trr, wliifli tin* iinprcpsion tri^idf l»y lii-< fcrsorifd 'ip 
 |)""ir!m»'r liad i(vl iik; to fniin. Ifr Mor»n ro'^c fo t\ liij^li 
 lMiidiii;i; in IiiHchisw, tlMtiiL!;li pnintint!;, of'wliidli Jii tli.'it tifri*' 
 li«' WHH oxocssivrly fond, drnw off irni<di of hi-? fittmtion 
 from hU rc<j;nlnr fliudi«;M. On i)ii« guNj^'ct I oft*ri ex[»^« 
 tMl!it(Ml with liiin in privfitc, hnt in VMin. I found h'> h;id, 
 'M most yotin^ ppoplo of n,liv(;ly funny nro n\>\. to do, sk^tfdi 
 «'d out fi plan of lifd for hirnwflf, in whi'di th'* (h'-f'-rrnirififion 
 lo u'f) to Italy for \h(i purpo^o (d' «^ratifyinfi^ and irnprovint!; 
 hist tasto for paintin<<, h(dd a f>rorriin rit [ilafv\ 'llw. indu! 
 ;^M'ncn cd'studi thoutrhtH was likoly to prove, injiirious tohirn, 
 and luMvas exhorted to hiy tliein aside, f f is em|>hatif! reply 
 was, ' Ah soon niij^ht a tender niothe.r nhandon her nur=?inir, 
 (diild.' I said no rnon; to him on tlie Ru}»ie<^'t. Onririi/ 
 the last year, liowover, lie did abandon such tlioutdits; for 
 hi-i mind had h(!Come de(![>]y ent^ai'ed in somethin;^ which 
 he felt to b(' vastly more, important— rcli^^ion. 
 
 " The evidonces of Christianity whicb wore prescntfid tf> 
 th(! class in the courso of a few lectures in an imperfect, 
 but simple and affectionate manner, as a subject on which 
 they ou^^ht to come without delay to some practical deter- 
 mination, furnished tlic occasion of his seriousness, nnr| 
 his chanfj^e of views as to the whole business of life. I do 
 not know whetlier he communicated anything.' on the state 
 of his mind while underj^^oinp; this chanf.^c to any one except 
 myself, and to me not much, or frequently. He was natur- 
 ally modest and reserved, and was counselled, on the subject 
 which he then felt to be a matter of deep personal concern, 
 neither to seek nor to depend much on the directions of 
 men, but to go to God by prayer and daily consultation of 
 
-*6-iie^'- 
 
 ii ' 
 
 ir. 
 
 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 His holy word. In this I liavo reason to beliovc ho was 
 much ongat^cil. He did not, at any time durinti tlie 
 proLTOss of his early cxporienco, seem to be under the in- 
 tiuonce of strong terrors ; but was deeply and awfully im- 
 pressed with a sense of the importance of religion. And 
 when he obtained satisfactory discoveries of the way of 
 salvation as made known in the gospel, he seemed to be 
 brought in a manner suited to the native gentleness of his 
 character, to the state of mind which Peter expressed when 
 he said, *' Lord, to whom should we go but unto thee, thou 
 hast the words of eternal life." At the same time, with 
 the heartfelt satisfaction which he experienced in trusting 
 his own soul to the hands of Jesus, arose a strong desire to 
 point him out to others as the Lamb of God who taketh 
 away the sins of the world. Under the influence of this 
 desire he sought an introduction into the office of the 
 Christian ministry, and though difficulties were presented, 
 Providence at length cleared up the way." 
 
 After he had relinquished the study of medicine and 
 determined to prepare for the duties of the sacred office, 
 in a letter to a friend from whom he solicited some assis- 
 tance, having mentioned the struggle he had had in relation 
 to this change of pursuits, he says, *' I might with propriety 
 say with Jeremiah, that the word of the Lord was in my 
 heart as a burning fire shut up in my bones, and I was 
 weary with forbearing, and T could not stay." 
 
 It was not long after this period that he applied for ad- 
 mission, and was received into the Presbyterian Church in 
 Wooster. Through one of his relatives the narrative of 
 his religious experience, which he drew up and presented 
 on that occasion, has been received, from the Rev. Thomas 
 Barr, pastor of that church, who on inclosing it writes as 
 
 
 <% 
 
 
 ..I' 
 
 ■I 
 
 4 
 
 !H! 
 
■# 
 
 REV. .lOSEPII STIUBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 17 
 
 ovc lie was 
 ilurinii tlio 
 lor the ill- 
 iwfully ini- 
 fion. And 
 the way of 
 nnetl to be 
 encss of his 
 resscd when 
 ) thee, thou 
 time, with 
 in trusting 
 no; desire to 
 who taketh 
 ince of this 
 fice of the 
 3 presented, 
 
 )dicino and 
 cred office, 
 some assis- 
 1 in rchition 
 h propriety 
 was in my 
 and I was 
 
 ied for ati- 
 Church in 
 arrative of 
 
 presented 
 !V. Thomas 
 
 writes as 
 
 t 
 
 
 'I 
 
 t 
 
 f(jllows : " Dear sir, understanding that some sketches of 
 the life of your late endeared and most estimable rchitive, 
 Kev. J. S. Ciiristmas, are about to be published, as it may 
 bo a valuable acquisition to the writer of his memoirs, [ 
 inclose tlie written exhibition by his own hand, which lie 
 laid before the session of Wooster church, at the time he 
 was cordially received to membership. He was received 
 tlio next sabbath, I think, after the date of his narrative. 
 I had intetided to preserve for my own use this now pre- 
 cious relic of his memory; but under existing circumstances 
 should feel guilty in withholding it." 
 
 The following is a copy of this narrative. The writer 
 was now a little over eighteen years of age. 
 
 '• Wooster, Satouday, May 5, 1821. 
 
 " To the Session of the Church. 
 
 '* In narrating the dealings of God with my soul, I have 
 first to state that the kingdom of heaven came not with 
 observation ; that it has always been a subject of regret 
 that the exercises of my mind were not more distinctly 
 marked like those of many Christians who have had well 
 defined seasons of conviction, succeeded by a state of life 
 and joy. But though I cannot ascertain the precise time 
 of my regeneration, yet many particulars relating to my 
 conversion or turning to God, can be recollected. About 
 twenty months since I was actuated, I know of no exciting 
 cause in particular, partly by the powerful preaching, and 
 partly by the reading of the word and some providences of 
 God, to some concern with regard to my immortal interests ; 
 but I know of no extraordinary exercise of mine then, of 
 no very fearful apprehensions of the wrath to come, or 
 sudden manifestation of the glory of God in the face of 
 
* 
 
 •«■ 
 
 1'A 
 
 A^^l'^^"n1 m mr 
 
 1^ 
 I 
 
 \yr\\ •> ^\ lib' i|t>is|-4 •>( ll«i> l-nv '^\•^\\ ni« It' li Iti- i»r'li(|i'.) 
 — ttv>f iho i"<vn'il Ib'-iH }• (MMulfv mm'iIm'iI M»I. llcii ii I- 
 
 )\M «^\\\'\^'\'i 1«> ll^i' Imv oI^LmI ni>ill«i'i »Mil I i"Ui Im llci« 
 
 0>i*\ M luN -wi' ^(» ♦!<.' lli«^h i<'»nni<i j»Ii>»'ji' 0'«i| lli-d m •• ttiii'f 
 )s' )>.*n\ -vinM ll\'H \M' 'U.' mU I'v M'>hni< i"»iii'ImiI"i| nu«|i'i 
 ll\o »Mn-'-r o< H\»' )u> <l\'>< Dnl-jl l>'V4 fVi^MMn 'I lid' ••tn-'f m( 
 t)>o I u\ \\\ .^n> "lo'^l. '^nil o|>i'nt>i| np •< MtMV !M»'I li\lM'> \\<\\ 
 l>\ wlui'li w I' \y\\\ Ivn I' r^i'iM'jQ (t> lilt' I'-H IwM I MiMV l>"'L"Hi 
 
 0\,' )^<ii\ .>l )^^•>\^M. '^nil 1.' i'^'nnin<' ll»t« «'\ i<|i>iii'i"j ttruMMcM 
 
 <^^»•>t>^^n, -nvl !lV\<^tHU\ 1\> lv^pi> l<iM1i't<Vnin!\ «M\ nUKil I'4|mI"' 
 
 \.<>i'>Kn\U 1^ h'V U|>>M tl\i« l^cvioil. <l\i»U»\l> 1 '»"•' M»MUV HlilH'/) 
 
 ^^i»U" n^M^ \vl\M»l\ w I'll' ol>^»Mni> ll>»'n. Mml ltt»v(» Ihm'M 
 HWiihf <^^1nl^ ♦Mnu'i «in('i' \\Im«>I« I Kmimv m.\| iMPii. *»ni| 
 ilv>n'.i^ <l\o>>^ \< I'n' V''^\ in-in\ ^n^^^^'vl•M'(ilM^ » in «mv \V'»II(. 
 \ot \ i)\\y\\ \ \'-^y\ ^^^«^^^vvv «i>u\i' I'l' ihi' I'i'cMi' l<t'",inni»U"^ "I 
 
 U1 
 
 M\V. In *h\* s<:^<.' ^ 
 
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 linnt'il «JOM»»> «himHI(^. willimH 
 
 1\\M)\ t<v I'n^uliiv .in \M<«M>v>\n>s«Mviil\ i\w wimI.I. Ihi> Wfinl 
 .^<" 01i\i4i\'^n l'o)l«>\\<il\i|\ -AwA H\o no«\lool ol' ihiMuivuH o| 
 
 C\'l^v 
 
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 Whon 1 "s>v U .>v,\»< \\xy\\\ '\\\\o\vx\\Wio will) llio 
 
 u\« 
 
 •in <1\;>< <li 
 
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 Acilo.l \\\o un^ul»ilnt't| 
 
 A<>ni;<»1i(\ M n\v h«vn<. \Vh»M\ 1 'Jtv^yod lV.>u\ (io<|, how 
 rwv. "Iio i^nrionsK ^o.\iiv»\ \\p wiy \v;)y. Am'1 1 \\\\o llnp 
 wv to^timony <]\.^1 snoh ^Uvlonsion \\;\^ |>;\\\o^ wmlov xvlnoh 
 \t^ sr»bitVts j^mi^vt. At t1\is <inh^ \ U'-^i Ow r«>v(u ol' jnMlli 
 m"^<cji ."Snv^ thoUiih n\v min*! \v;\!» *li';<\ivl>'^l with (ho fonli 
 mxsl nvniTonvV ^M' \vu\oi-so. yo' 1 OvniKl f5ouuMin\»^s sif m1(o 
 ^*"^tlt<^r in^^i1^V1V1\t An*i \\nniv>\Vvl iiu^Um* ()>>> )>roaolung offhi' 
 
 XTvM 
 
 a. 1 
 
 S^^^ll |\1 
 
 ISS 
 
 >\w (his tiUvMUY soason o( ilarknoss 
 
ifrv f'"'n ij MM»!»"' '»fHf-ruA« 
 
 ff» 
 
 hvIm I "I 
 
 llfti il i' 
 
 M III' • It'l* 
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 III' I'ln^f n| 
 II\IM" nM\ 
 «1iMV Iti'iMiii 
 
 "4 i>r ofiMi'ii 
 
 l»?n«» lurn 
 
 <Mt'l». *IMi| 
 
 mv U'»ll(, 
 \>\ liKt* w 
 
 ll<i' \V!IM< 
 
 > \vill» ilit' 
 un^ul'ilut'tl 
 (lotl, how 
 
 (lov \vl\iol\ 
 » oC lioilli 
 tl\o »'iM\li 
 (*M nil ;»1((» 
 lino oflhi^ 
 
 ivlii'li l'i<'|(.-| 'ili'Mil • ii'M ffi'tftfli , wiMt'.of fi'trr'fUfr' ffi / 
 '••iftMM" '"in i»'lj'tfi'( 'il' IcivJfii' '"iffi»f((M> 'I ffi'- t(f»|('ir'l'»ffffM' 
 fill. h| Mty tii'iriy »"iu|M"< •'» li" f- ''if'l •'■ Mi't> 'f'i>" 'if >'• 
 i'M(i''ili'ili'iii fiicl ImiimjmIIIH y (vfii'li I 'fi'i/''! "I 
 
 f'fi 
 
 f>, 
 
 i'<iiii||m III Ml'' li'ii'l "li'ifi" n|i''fi n / II' 'I'l ( Ml' fi ffi'»!»jf(f 
 (li'i» -ill my I'iMitir »'t(i"ri"fi'"' '■!' Mk- (/'.fl •' ',",',<] f,i-att rtff,a 
 •I i' 'iiniiiK . Iiii* I'ifif'i- I (ifiv )if>iu rt''''iv'r'<'\ f Miir.l' 'DfT'- 
 t.itMv 'I'll"!" Mrc fi'il WMfiMfii' if(«<l'«f»'"-i 'if Ml'- h'ie- /'•r'-' 
 li'fiii MM'I I'licvuiii »l''f"(«ort'in , ri'if ''ifi f '"■'• 'ifi/ Miifi/ Ifi 
 ;M ('iiHMJ«-'|i'nf wiMi Ml" f'jjffi fif i/rn'"', f'lf '^<'l ''> fi'rrriif Mi'- 
 lii'licvcr \'< liill iitl'i 'ii'li »l<'r"''fi'iri, 'ifK''- i> f<•f^^ll^a hiro rri'if- 
 
 if i'iM!|i|ifi> f J'lififi''" 'III U'l'l'u j.'i!'/' r >'i |lr^•«'rv'• fiiro fr^rri 
 I'llliiit;, fifnl lii'4 iM"'l 'iC j.'r''«ff'r wfit'lifKlfi'' 4«< in i'^ihir" >'> 
 imils" lii'4 f'fillJKi/ fifi«1 r>|<'f«M'(ir «Mr'', >'» fi'I'l >'» I/h TiiMi vir^'i'- 
 »M virhfM knMwI'xIi"', iS^'' 'CIk' wny wrm n'l// '»[i' n f''»r ro / 
 i<"!liii!iMiiM, ftfi'l ('liri'diMfi c'lri vr-'fif ion wi^t fir'-pirlni'; fft^- 
 lull Mifil wliii'li I Miinl< nr«t I'"I I'l r' |»"fl^!lrl^^^ nri'l ^''> i•'^Lr 
 II iiiiii ili'iM'iri '"If rully wiMi J"fir«, Wfi^* fi <tru)'iu pr'o^lf'l 
 liy 1^1 1 I' I'l lliij'JK'M firi'l lY'irn \\\^:\ \\U\' f'» Mii-? f li'-p/- 
 I li!iv" lif'i'o I'i'iwlfi:'; in Mc' !< n'iwl''U''' ',\' o'lr f/'-r'l 'r. I 
 Miivi'iiir .fi>4iM ^!l>ri-jt, rin'l filn' rvin^ rny inf^r'-^ in hi- 
 t il.',litr'oiiFJn('<H Mri'l rin!'linfi'»n ]ii't'hu\<\ iuhT<' nri'l ushrc f]('Ar. 
 ( >iM' Intjqfin in ri'irfi'ni.'ir I \\)\vi' li'-^-n tnn^h^, of hif/- f/* li/i' 
 liy I'liilh jiimI not l»y .'«f>r.4f>. fJof'.r'i Mii?*, wh<ino7^r (U'/ft'/o') 
 
 I' ill ronimiMii'Mi vvifli Orxl if f fi-U m w^mf of I iff- ;in'l of tf-^ 
 ■M Mpiiit nl (JMVoti'in, firi'l *'u\hy("\ ri'»f, Mk; ^pf'/rK»l \trt-ri('.r\c/: of 
 
 |i- <Jni|, I wns iiHt/intly r^o'Iy fo fjrK-^tion rn/ lot, nn'"! f;or'' 
 willi lii'i pcojilf?, nri'l fo fjoiiht irn lov, . nri'l thorr/h ^'kK 
 itcc-minns now »/;rif'V, f f';*;! rri'iT'! a«(sur^;'l that thoui/h b'-- 
 %M ''"'V<' "'(• for fi 5<lif»rf. tinio, yr;f, with f.';r«';rif, xu(\r<;'\e',-^ h<"; ?<riil 
 ^oitlu!!' »rM\ My vif'w^ f>f .t^in nr" fit i\\^(;r(;X\t f'rorri '▼h'jf. 
 they oric(! wero, ari'l wlifit most o[K;ncyJ rn j eyc.-t t/** it.^ cn^r- 
 
^^^W'^ 
 
 Si 
 
 M 
 
 Si 
 
 20 
 
 MIMOIU nl riU 
 
 • ,ii(\. \\i. iIk' \ it'iriiiii ( Mullt>riM<'.'^ !••• i< wlmli (Jml inlln I 
 <'«l «'M III* Ni'ii nn lilt' iMOMti I lm\t> tli||iM«iillv '"III |iiii\ii 
 iilllv <<\ iiiiniiMl IMS ).<ir t>v nil <lii> hiiil^ ••! Ilii> riiM li III 
 oli;ti iiMiM . Ill I l> < 1 Mi>jtl <iiii| il'llDMp \vi<ii< tiiiy liitltlmi miI 
 in in\ litviil, lliil Ii<> wiMilil filiiiw il Mil', iiiiii iil'tri nil, I fim 
 K'.l (.< I'Mi.-lil.l' llViU llily nl' liiy «"l;llt>, iiml in |h'||i>vr lli'il 
 
 <«>m| |i:i<i iniiMViil Miv linnt, )iiniliiiit'it my 'iim, ^',iyrii iiii> tlir 
 ^I'llit t<l .i<lii|t|hMi, ,iMil liO'iJtiwiMi joy tiiitj ptMiOM III jtrlirvili!), 
 <'< iMiii I N ^iK.< lli)( Mlill I llii.l II hw lli;it 'ulini I 
 u.'uM »l«> ' .iii.l, ,'\\| II j»riV4(>nl Willi iin> lnr I ili'lit-lil in 
 tilt' liw p| <ii>il :il'l»'v III*' iiuviinl iiiini ; ImiI I ci'k iitinllii'i 
 \ \\\ \\\ iu\ iu,»im1>im M. WMninjj; ii^anisl llu< Inw ol' my iiiiinl , 
 iUiIImui III >. IMC uito »M|ilivily In III.' I.iw ul' miii wliirli Jm 
 in iM\ m.'M»l»>M i Of wioIoIhmI 111:111 llml I iiiii I \\li(» mIiiiII 
 >li'livo« Ml.' li.MM tli.^ Ito.ly (>r (ln,'» (li'iilli 1' I lliiiiiL <](•(!, 
 llinMiv'Ji .loM\\i iMuiMt our LimiI.' Wliilo I nwl llio |»iivi 
 
 10 '.0 Ol' »'OIM'M\UU«M| Willi ||m« UMIuIm, | r.'cl illjll I IIIII llli' 
 
 IvMst oT nil snnls. yd Iuhviuno (Miiiil Iimm sliowii iiio iinMcy, 
 
 I a 
 
 o-.uo <h.il \\\-i )>( ojilo ni.'iy l»o my |ioo|(lo, miiiI llioir <Joil 
 
 m\ (iovl I'roMi lliis vory lniornml imiioilrol utnl, I tliiiiK, 
 Hiuoovo >i.»(»Miionl t»r llio (K'Mlii;;',M (>!' ( jod willi mo, I liopo 
 (hut tliv' v"*^o>siou m ly Tool tlisimst'd to «'xloinl to mo llio pii 
 vilo,:*^ »»r oo'.nnniiiioM i {iml luiiy (Jod NUporinroml llioir 
 lohhor.it loMs -.wul diroot Ihoir dooisioii. 
 
 JcKSKlMl S. CmUHTMAS." 
 
 Ho now nhuvwt i»mnodi.il,olv lU'thVodtMl to rrinoolon 
 iud Kvamo ;\ mvMwhor (>!' tlio (hooloi;io:d sominury. Thoro 
 ronuiiu auivMip, his |>;\nors two printod mimhorM of an Mssay 
 v>u rubUo rro.iohini;, whioh woro writtonby liim, tind |ml». 
 iisUod at \Voostor. in tho '* Oliio iSpoolntur," uikKt tho 
 •iicnaturoof duvonis. in IVoonibor, ISID, tluit is, shortly 
 
 !l 
 
KKV lo^tlr.l'li MllltllH riMllMlWAM 
 
 21 
 
 I O.mI ihllnl 
 ftinl |iiti\ t I 
 
 li"> < 'Im Inn 
 liitlilmi I \ il 
 
 lli'i nil, I iini 
 
 |ii>||i<\ r llifil 
 ^',j\ rll llii< I Im> 
 > lit lirllrV lll'i, 
 ml 'wIm'ii I 
 
 I ilt<li('.li( ill 
 ft'i' niinllirr 
 
 »r my iiiiikI , 
 ^111 wliirli i> 
 
 I t \N lio slilill 
 
 tliiiiiK OimI, 
 >K llii' privi 
 
 it I Mill I)|P 
 
 II till' iiirtcy, 
 I tlirir <Iim| 
 
 iitl, I lliiiiK, 
 nil*. I lio|ii« 
 
 HIP tli(> pri 
 
 iloinl llirir 
 
 ISTIMAS." 
 
 I'riiUM'toii, 
 
 )!' !m l*]ss!iy 
 II, iiiul (m}>- 
 
 imdiT tli(! 
 
 is, slioiil^ 
 
 illln II' l« II, rt»l|t'|/i(, 'I'llM lullowilil', »IM' < cli /!» 1.1 |i',»(, i|,« 
 ill' I mhimIhi, wIihIi IiiiiIn oC IImi Jm|»'»rhifM'».^ u'finail y 
 iiM'l <lillii'iiHy ol |iiil)li«- |)r<Mi(',liiii(/. AfN'r »t|iiMkiM(/ ol' llw 
 tii'ci'Rnily mI' II tliviiK i* v<<liilioti lor Mm ifintnt'-iiori im(>) [f<n 
 
 • liiMi'i" (•(' iMiinldii'l, lin niiyM, " W«' kIimhI'I I»'> mi'Ii-i''! >'. 
 lliiiik lliiil II r"Vi Idli'th ''«» iMiporliiril. riri<l »i' "'aJKirv, '• '' /' 
 laliMti I'lMin <i<i'l, w'Hil'l !»•• ii(i|/;'rly •|(wir<'l 'mcI « i»il;r(i'"J 
 hill Mill iK)i«'n< urn \^ v/mlly llio r«»v«irw". Tltii vrry f v 
 lihnii li'lli lit lliiit w<' ' i'lVH (IrirkrM'.Rtt rnlli' r Ihiin li/lil 
 («<m| wi.4 will /iw(ir<' «»r lliJM MiirpriKJfii' i'lu.l. II' Iwm hik*'r> 
 llir iiiuhI rll»((ii(il MMifiim f (MViUfil.<ir«''f, lli«i p' rv«r-<ily, Mr 
 li/ii iiiulli|tli<''l |tr<'i»ili«r>i in rivcry uj/'', I'l '<f(i lifio';!) »f»# 
 |»n'/i(;li» r 'tl" rijOi(<i<»iHii<'«:«, lo Inn (/'>i<(»« I /nini'l^r^ ni I|»m 
 <l'iy , liUH iKWfr Miiir«T<Ml fin ifif.<!rffii'<4i<»n in lliiil ixf*:nni/i- 
 |ihn , li'if< fi'l'l'vl iiiir(i'!|<!f< ♦/» Hl,rik«'; lum j/ivn liri", njf'/fi 
 limi, 'in<l pr«'«;<pl, upon [»r''.''.«;j»t, , li;i!( pr';4/;ril>''i 'if'lifififi'',<'»« 
 iiii'l t'«;r<'innnicH , Iihh wX npfirt. firri'm \'hr ffi*-. "p'"i/il f.iitint- 
 
 • Irnition of IiIm IihIIh fin'l lli'; v/orKli'j* of )ii;//'.':lf', 'iti'\ 
 iili'ivc nil, lirm ui|'l«;'l to I|i';h'; fn»;^iri-i l,}i<; » ffij-'ion •, of fii- 
 llitiy S|»irit,. Oim; Kolifjiry, t,lioij;';li it, v/i f. u. t:/,ui^,\i;U' 
 
 • Iri^lfiration of Irnlli, i^ ui>t «ijflif;i»;nt, t'; f/r'/lu'; ■, uirj lUi 
 pn^MHion or p(;rmfiri<;nl, j';oo'l on our oh-!t,iri-'i,t,/; unti'l^. (I'tui 
 iiifiri'lM mijHt I).' rf![»''.rit<;'I, f;rim';M forhi'l'l'in, 'I'lfy *;u\''iV.tA, 
 iiM)t,iv<'M prr.H(;nl,<;(|, t.li'; rri«;rnory nifrostfi^'j, tl<': uri'l/irHt.-iri'l- 
 inij; onli;/lit<'.nf:fJ, tlir; \\(-MTi nff'rct';'!, rjr^'iin laA ;i;^'jiri , nrcj 
 al't<!r <'ill tliJH, how o('N;n fi-'n t,h'; pn;riofi';r of ri;4(f/;oriHfi<;«(» 
 hccn forcf,'! f,f) (ixnlairn with t.ho proph'it,, ' f };fjv'; ■'>.lT'-M\,t-A 
 out, my liari'l all 'lay lon;r to a 'linoh'/lifint ari'l j/airi- saying 
 p(;oplc ?' P Hiich ofTort.H aro rrior^; than onc: urr->.uf/'/:r*in\, 
 wliat con.sc'jnoncc.^ wouM f;ri?<ur; vk-jc. t.h':y t/)t.ally r';lax<r''i ?' 
 " IJut th*; o.xhibitif^ri ov<;n of truth ^,, ho'^<;y';r irit/:ro».t- 
 
 i ing in them.sclvo.s, if nhown always in tho «arri<; li'^^ht. will 
 
 >M 
 
 ■^1 
 ■a 
 
«»V'»>< 
 
 •;•» 
 
 MI'MitlU MK IIIK 
 
 «lis>:u*<l. TIh'v itm-'« It.- smmi in tlir Ih<sI li^>,lil ; plci^sun' 
 iiiusl he mixcil with instnuMioii. W»' iimihI tMi|tlivft(<' llic 
 imiiuintilion to rciich (ln< nmlorstainliii;;. tin* iiilrllrct iiinsl 
 lie niliLilittMU'il to n'jH'h tlu» luMirt, im<I we imiMl nviiil niir 
 .xi'lvtv-i "I" llw Miilor of llio ro»'lin^;s t<i iiuluct' flir will. I< 
 i> not cusy to nwikc flic \ ico wo lovr ii|t|M>Mr uh (Uir must 
 ilt':uliy imumuv II in no ini'im nrt (o nniko ii viiiuo, lo 
 wluoh wi'Mio indilVrronl, :i]>|m'!M' l«»V('ly nnd inlt'n»Hlin«r. It in 
 not ovtM'v illitiM'.'ito spoaktM' tliat, can solv«MlilVu'nl(i('R,rx|)lMin 
 invstorit's, banish doulit'j, inlhuMU'o (lie /.(>al, anti animal*; 
 the proLiivss of tin' CMnistian. A viow nl' tlic al)US(>M ol'tlir 
 |>nlj>it. and a di^sin* to ]>ronj|»t tln» iinhistry, and on('onra<;<« 
 all wlu) asivnd it t(> pfiNovoro in tlic study (»!' |M'rl('ot ora 
 tory and a otMnploto kno\vlod>»;o of tlu>oIo<:;y, iinluccs nn' to 
 oonnnonoo tho.^o essays. At ilvo sanio iiino, I would wisli 
 tluMu to undorstaud in how dillioult ami arduous a situa 
 tion thoy aiv plaivnl." 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 
 -I- 
 
 f 
 
 ■■ I 
 
 Soon at'tor l\ocatno to ivsido at Priuooton, ho oommonood 
 a private journal, which, liowovor, was oontinuod hut a 
 sln>rt time, owini;, as may bo inferred IVom several notices 
 in it, to an enroebled state of health, which a too eager and 
 esclnsivo exertion of mind already be^an to induce, and 
 iVoni wliioh, it is probable, he was never ai'ter\yaids entirely 
 free. From this journal the following brief extracts are 
 made : 
 
 "A}igu,^t 9, 1821. — In the afternoon, I spent an hour in 
 the library, examining the ever-to-be-rcvered Whitfield's 
 manuscript journal. It records his daily labors for about 
 two years. How did my heart burn within me as I read 
 
 W\ 
 
MKV. .lOHKl'II HTIIIIIH « |||UHTMA^'. 
 
 Of 
 
 lit : |tl(M»Mnn' 
 'n|i(iv!il»' IIm' 
 i)t«>ll<M>t iniisl 
 \f*\ MVfiil nur 
 \\\o will. K 
 MH our nntsi 
 (I virtue, U* 
 
 M(»Htiu«r. It i^" 
 iiltioB, (vxplniii 
 
 IUmI MIlilMiitt! 
 mIiUSOM (ti'tllf 
 ikI (M\COUr!l^«" 
 
 r jxMli'ct ora 
 
 IKhlCCM u\" t(» 
 
 ^ w«)ul(l wisli 
 luous a Hituii- 
 
 l; oouiniouoiMl 
 uuimI l)ut a 
 v'oral noticoy 
 00 oagor and 
 induce, and 
 aivls entirely 
 extracts are 
 
 an hour in 
 WhitGcld's 
 ks for about 
 lie as I read 
 
 It! Ill-* inccH-^niif I.iImiim, in HfMMon and out of nrnson — ]n4 
 holy iis|iir,'ilioii-4 and devout iniditatioiix I Oli that, a lar^*! 
 portion of lii^ Mpiiit iiiij;lit rest upon uh', and thai uriefi».ri 
 I'roiii oti hi^li which Hprcad hucIi a savor of lil'f unto lil'- mIi 
 around him." 
 
 " AiiifiiHf 10. - lu two dayn I am lor the H<'corid time to 
 miitr wilii tie- people «d' God in ciMnmcmorHtini^ my iSa- 
 viour H dyinj^ love." 
 
 Then I'ollowH a very lon;.^ [Mayer, carefully writt<;n out, 
 including a kind of (vivennnt, at the cIohc of which ho 
 Hay.^; — " HptMii the foreufion in writin;^ th«; foref^oiriir, 
 nftiM' wliieji wnlkiMl (Hit on (he road, ami had .sweet mcfli- 
 t.itions on the loV(! of r)or|. Toward-* eveninj/, w<;fit into 
 tin; \v(»ods, to fuy accustomed resort, and read over the [>re- 
 eodin;^ pai^e.s ,sev(.'ral times." 
 
 " *^'//ftr</''//, AuijHHl 11. — Kasted this day, and was 
 much in pra)er and selfexamifiation. 
 
 " Ijonl'n <lni/^ Aitf/Hsf. 12. — S[)i!nt the mornim.' in prayer 
 •ind ill ! "idiiii:; the scriptures. At church, the excrci.ses 
 jtroducud .n ni", and I doubt not in most of the children of 
 God, a joy unspeakable and full of ^U^ry. ^iay the; streri;rth 
 of Christ bo jierfected in my weakness in fulfilliri;^ more 
 perfectly thaji I have ever yet done the vows of God which 
 are upon me," 
 
 " AiKjmt l.'i. — Wrote a letter to , earnestly exhort- 
 in.^; him to flee from the wrath to come. Tlio Lord, who 
 cin accomplish much by the feeblest means, can bless these 
 few lines which I have .sent to the eternal .salvation of him 
 for whom I have .so often prayed and interceded. I find 
 that cultivatini; the gift prepares us better for enteririL' 
 into the spirit of prayer, and that a clear and met}, ilical 
 arrangement of the top ic^. wc arc to dwell on before God is 
 
m 
 
 jbiMi 
 
 '"iM.uiS^''' .JsiK**^ 
 
 * 
 
 't 
 
 iiii' 
 
 !il!i' 
 
 1^':!' 
 
 24 
 
 MEMOIR OF TIIK 
 
 .serviceable. The duty of thanksgiving (whicli approaches 
 nearer to the employment of heaven than any other of our 
 religious exercises, adoration perhaps excepted) shall occupy 
 my thoughts, my pen, and I hope, my heart, for the few 
 following pages." 
 
 Here follows an exercise of praise, thanksgiving, and 
 prayer, chiefly in scripture language, whicli is extended 
 through eiglit closely written pages, and embraces a wide 
 range of subjects. 
 
 The remainder of this diary contains little more than a 
 brief notice of his studios and of some passing events ; and 
 it is to be regretted that no other journal of this kind, till 
 near the close of his life, is to be found among his papers. 
 The most striking feature of this journal is the evidence it 
 affords of his love and habit of prayer. It contains several 
 forms of considerable length, besides frequent short peti- 
 tions, and a number of plans or skeletons of prayer, under 
 a variety of heads. It would seem, that instead of writing 
 much about himself, when he sat down to this book, lie 
 passed the time in devout exercises of prayer and praise. 
 Among the books which he read, are noted the memoirs of 
 White, Spencer, Martyn, Brainerd, Fuller, and Scougal. 
 
 Saturday/, September 8, he writes :— " At the close of 
 another week, on looking back I see much to be humbled 
 for ; a formality in public and social prayer, which I think 
 is a temptation of Satan, and that I need to put on the 
 whole armor of God. I must likewise blame myself for too 
 much neglecting the holy word, for the deficiency of ejacu- 
 Intory prayer, for want cf diligence and order in busi- 
 
 ness." 
 
 He was about this time much taken up with the memoirs 
 of H. K. White, atd under date September 10, 1821, 
 
 m 
 
JjiKK. 
 
 REV. JOSEPH STIBIIS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 25 
 
 li npproaches 
 
 other of our 
 
 ) sliall occupy 
 
 for the few 
 
 [scrivinLT, and 
 
 is extended 
 
 )racc3 a wide 
 
 I more than a 
 ; events ; and 
 tliis kind, till 
 ig his papers, 
 ic evidence it 
 mtains several 
 nt short peti- 
 irayer, under 
 ad of writinii; 
 his book, he 
 r and praise, 
 e memoirs of 
 d Scougal. 
 the close of 
 be humbled 
 hich I think 
 put on the 
 lyself for too 
 ncy of ejacu- 
 ■der in busi- 
 
 the memoirs 
 Ir 10, 1821, 
 
 says, '* Copied in India ink a likeness of K. White, which 
 I framed i.i gla.ss, and hung up on the wall just over my 
 table, that my eyes may stir nu up to imitate so noble a 
 pattern." 
 
 " Seplemher 13.— Employed the greater part of the day 
 in copying off s.omc drawings of Hindoo deities, sent to 
 the Society of Inrjuirv concerning Missions, by Gordon 
 Hall, missionary at Bombay. These paintings I made for 
 a missionary agent, hoping that in his hands they might 
 subserve the cause of our Master. Road iu H. Martyn's 
 Memoirs. The question recurred to me, and caused a vio- 
 lent struggle in my mind : " Would I be willing, for Christ's 
 sake, to leave father, mother, sister, brother, wife, houses, 
 Jind lands, and go to a distant country to preach the gos- 
 pel to the heathen ?" This question took fast hold of his 
 feelings, and was not shunned or dismissed till he had views 
 of the missionary cause which gained his heart, and ren- 
 dered him willing to go wherever duty might call. 
 
 " September 14. — N'eglected this day setting a watch 
 over my first thoughts, and endeavoring to make them 
 humble and devout ; so excellent a preparation for prayer 
 and a right spirit during the day. Thought much of a 
 missionary life." 
 
 "' October 1. — Spent the forenoon in reading Brainerd 
 and Doddridge. These holy books excited a fervor in my 
 soul which remained all day. In the evening, went to the 
 woods, and felt strongly drawn forth to Cod for more holi- 
 ness, and for blessings on my friends for whom I interced- 
 ed." 
 
 He continued in the seminary the usual period of three 
 years, faithfully and zealously pursued the regular routine 
 
 c 
 
^:tim^ 
 
 '?u 
 
 MT'Minu tMv r\n\ 
 
 i>r '^tUilii" ■. rMMlril l\iin I'll <o l»i' ihcImI ;»■: ;l SmMiI-IV Mrlpini 
 ♦ ('■^('1\(M •ind in vni'Mi; iHIum \v:m ^ mhiI \v:«^ (>-i|t'i')niM| ■nd 
 ^i^lovi il 1m mU w Im I.MiMV Inm 
 
 »^'?^v\■^. oiMiuivnt^ !n)'l ni»li"j. on vMHinn lltinloniivil ;ini| 
 |^^.10(i^ il '^nbiiM'l^. ;inil hi'-' t'opio^ ol {lti> ininrip'*! l(«i»)inr^ <il 
 iho ]>vtMi>'5^>M^! in ll\(' si'nnn;nv, mh' \<>\\ nl>nni!;nil. uni| li"^ 
 
 tilV tl\P I'lVl'^rl »:.; Mi>(i\ i< V o|" ]\\^ niinil, >\]\\\ llic tlili;«r»|i" 
 
 •mil :n>li>i \Mtl» \vl\i<'h In' cniplnv'tl l\it\u!i>lr )( i'^ nnl in 
 
 ♦rntU'il < > ]>v«"?iM\l :i |> n I ii'nl:;v ounnnM (\lion oTlhiHi' )>ti|t(>r'^. 
 
 \ r.n\ .>!' iho suhjisMs ol' <l\iMn, liowcvci, iwv woilliy |i> In 
 
 W ' (Ml Iv V' > n \\ <i\.' ' I in " Am »l\vii^ ' ol ( lif ■^nKjt't'l t«l 
 ]M\n<M. \\l\ii'li \\y' «' tpu'.! ;\n<l ('nlMvm'il IVtnn liinf (n (iim'. 
 Iiil if w,\s o\((Mnl«Ml i<i !\lh>nt si\lv tMHiU'^iMipl )t!i^t'4 
 T]u<; w.T; ovnl(M\<lv ;i <'>v«>ri<v' tubji'ol ol" mMhIv innl nii'di 
 i.itiiMi vnUlinn \\x' ii'vi'^od if lVomn'nfl\. MiMini', \\r\\ 
 <»'>|nv'<s ^^^ h lN\io\\lr.l>:n\«M>< ;\nil jMMifion. ntMv ritnu-^ «»! 
 ov|MV.a?:ion [\\\d (^wotMtion-^ \\o\\\ S»'ii)^l>iV(\ somolinioM in 
 pi-'iioil ;\n<l nf otliov^ in ink. In ono t»s^;p- ol" lliis Kind 
 thoiv niv nh^l^^ fl\.ui ono hnndr^Ml .in«l firiv hi\'nl^ Mud <li 
 visions, umny o( \\\\'uA\ ;nv vriKon (Mil :\\ (Mn^siilornMc 
 li^Uirili. vhiv'lh' i.i SvMipfnro l;\u >\iaLr«v TIumi* miv. wunv 
 <nvr. Ivsivios <li>so .rtiwi.lv nvMifiouiMl, ;j n\nul>iM- of lornn 
 of prayov. ohiofiy tor ]^lll^li^' worship, lullv wridvMnnif, 
 somo ofwhiv^h. ho ohsvM-ws. ho or-uunittod lo nuMuoiy 
 
 It r,\,'\y \No.l ho snp]>osod to h;\vo ho(M\ owitio in n«» 
 sm^U (iv^iTivo, to his l\;\viui: so I'lithlnlly stiidiod <his suh- 
 ivVt nrivi onvioliod lus miuvi witli it. tl\.Tt ho «^\('ollod so vo 
 ni;\vk?iKiV ;is lio di»i in iniWio pravor. Uiuhlv intorostiiiL' 
 A.:* his public nunistrations woro woni to ho. i^onoraliy, n«> 
 portion of ihv^.n was moro Oiiityifii:; aivl iinprosvivo, or 
 
 m 
 
 ,^ 
 
\i^^ 
 
 MK.V HmMMI StfllMM 'flltfR'f^fAM. 
 
 M 
 
 \-\\ liM'Inti'M It! 
 I;\mI, (iml li'"^ 
 
 ll 14 nni it) 
 w ovlliy I" '" 
 
 Iv unil nn'ili 
 idilin!'. nt«u 
 w Imvuh »>I 
 MUoHtnoi iti 
 ol' ll^i^ Kiivl 
 
 «> MIV. M\or(' 
 
 MM" of InrtUM 
 >vvi((vM« out. 
 
 \ou\orv. 
 inviuii in n<> 
 w\\ llnsi snl< 
 
 Iv inUMVs(in,L' 
 
 i;>M\orMlly, no 
 
 ?b'*ivo, or 
 
 i 
 
 :f4 
 
 \^ 
 
 piN 
 
 ti-nni'tl iM'Mi' miMH III" fiMcnfi'tn /.I' fli" li(fir''f •;, lli'»fi lijj 
 hiiyi'i'j. 'riif'V wi'f" «'lifuMf'f'«ri/'"l fi'if f.ril/ liy v'lrl'f/, 
 ( .|,inUMni>«g, iiimI r<'iv<'H<'V. '"if l»y m li'i|.|iy fri"flif»'l fircl 'ir 
 i!in:'"iii"'Ml, 'III fni|trn|irif(l»'ii»>t»n (tii'l «-'m", m fjIn(.'MlMr f'li'if/ 
 nf <"<|Mi'^-!?Mii. fi fli^iiify. |ir'»j,ri(.(y firrl rr-vr'-fif" '/;}il''li 
 j'Mtil'l Iririlly fnil f'» lii"i)i«(.| vc) |ty (.ycry'.ri" 'I'lii-! w-'i^j '".m- 
 (li'iilly " iii'i'^' 'r^ic'-iilil" '"C''I'''m'» I'» liiin , fni'l !»' in?/ pfr 
 rMiiii"tl Willi 'tU III" M'lliMfil f"H'» Mfi'l '<w' lirK'>;=< of Ilia 
 Viiif" fiMil iiiMiii'M', il W'tii III" Mllciilion uwl «^yffiprttfiy ^f 
 til" li"fii"i', Mil'! ^<>"ni"f| I'l fili^ltfiol. liiiM f'r'.ffi Ml" w'irl'l, 
 iMi'l f'firry liiiri willi Hi'^ 3|i'>!il<''r m|» Io lie lliron" of t/;r'i"" 
 If (|(M<M iinl H"(Mn t'l l»" !'»'» iriii"li I'l Miy Mnl. prrr/'T wo-? 
 Ill" cliiff, IIk' l"»'liii<^, Mfi'l ficmf; <'.fii\Hh\ul mil»)"f'f fiP fii« 
 lliMiii;lil>i !itii| jtnM'li''*", ♦luririi/; flif^ I filter yf'^ir^ of h*m lifV- 
 Wln'lliiT »i jiifIt/;iriofit ll" lorrii'vl fr'»fr» lil^ wriliri::;^, from 
 I :'>!!> <|iiwii lo I'^.'iO, rir I'l'irn m p'r-JOfrril krifiwl'/l;/''' of hi-< 
 H"nliiM"iils Mrwl lifil»il«', tli'* pturio f-orirhmion will h'^ nrrivf"! 
 Ml l'r(iy"r wmw IiJm rlii"!', Iil« 'Ifiily, hourly, f/.n-^lnnf f 
 pmircc. 11" (!• Ili^rliN"! in if., nri'l <\ir'r/f'A uu-'\t(\f)kfi)i]c r" 
 lirl', «'iinirorl mii'I PpirifnMl ni'l from if. Aui'\']'<t f^i^ own 
 PuHfiin^^ im'l ,'inKi»'ti"^ IVoru ill h'-.Jtlffi, fio'l tho 07< r- 
 win'Iinin*^ lido of (illlir'tiorm which )f('^('X hirn on 'v-ir/ 
 «»ii|<> »^ ho lirnw uair th'- «'fi'I of \\]<, cour^'o, prnyr v7'h ;<)! 
 in nil fi» him, mm a incfin'! of rcli'-.f uu'\ sufiport. Yhp^tW/ 
 I'ur hiiM, ill Rcmonf* of »h;liiiiiy nn'l p-'iin, nlik'^ jiT'ivr^ntin;/ 
 iiPMitnl Hrnlhodily ("xcrtiori, hi-< rnind h«d hof;r> so thorough 
 ly triiiiKMl urMJ «rm(!i[>lirK:d t.f» ihis ox';rciso. artr\ v, richly 
 Htonul with the f;xfririp]c-< nnd inculcitlon-; of tho H/rrip- 
 
 I{csi(l('S fi rmrnhcr of pl'irm find sketches of Jcctiirc^ or 
 ■ itlior cx(!rciHCS on UjIh suhjc.ct.j there arc arnori'j; hi.^ p-ip/ir^ 
 several scrnion.H on prayer ; p^irticularlj one cntitle'-l 
 
JlAOgU 
 
 2M 
 
 WKMtMU OK rilli', 
 
 " <Mnloli:n> InliMvosHJon. " 4Voni l{in»t!nH. I, !' , (Uiitllii i ci' 
 
 {\w \,\'>\\\''* rrrtVCV; ;mi»(l»tM o\\ " |'';Mnilv ri;»\i'l. (»h|»i 
 
 .^>«1\«ri. 'M , (\«i*i1mm o\\'' Ky.w\\\'.\\o\\ INmv'V," Ni'lu'inifili, 
 w \ . Mnolhov on <lw' ' TitUi'V ol l''!iill«," 1 .l««lni. \ I I 
 1Mb' \\vM oT Hu*T is nnmliort'ij Hun in IIh' Hi'iirs •>( lii^ ili^' 
 »v>n\'«0'?. rin«l >x ;<'j n nllon iH Pvin<"(>lon it» lJ^^2r» Mn llmi 
 •u'\'«MnU p'^ilv, rtn«i bcci^nsio il jnlvnnlnm'MMsly •'xliil»il4 Itii 
 >\.'\\'< rH i\\M \Mm\>\\ o[ \]\o \\\}\\ ol' inliMiMMlin^ ItM- mIIicim. 
 <l»o ]Mino\]>!\l \v.\Yi! of" il i<» in^jorlod tH d <inl)f)«M|ni>nl pimo 
 Tlh' iv.'\»lov^ nMonfion n\iol<l hovo l»i> solioilinl, n(t(. only (m 
 l1',o nn)>o\l;nU <vv<ll\3 \vln«'l\ ]\o incnloaloH, l»nl io Iho tMiyp 
 •\n«l ^^^^>]^v\o<v oriiis M\\y\ iho ovidont'o linniMhctl iil tvt r\ 
 s<o]> or l\is 1';\nnli;\v no<m!n\itMnoo \\\\\\ \\'\f* stilijoi'l, timl llu 
 lunnv shikinii rtn<l i^n|^^vf^'^i\o ilhi3lvMlioi»si ond Inin^j ol 
 <ho\iol\t with >vlu<'1i l\i« oonipoMifitM^f iJ'ouinl. Mnl, il, »»nn 
 )\:\nriv \v iuvosp.ivv,o>on to tl\o nio?»i cnrsory voinlor. ((» lir 
 ljMvn\on\s.h«'«\ of {l\t^so llnn^o. nor is it np)Mol»oni|o(| lli-il 
 'n\y ono will ro»^uiiv im np^l>\uy \o\ pvosonlinij, hitu wilh 
 thoso <^\iotr)tion^ 
 
 Tlioiv is \S>nniv(o»l with ono of l^i^ ilisooursosi on ti fiuMM- 
 vaout;\l Ovv.'isioii, ^Ist,):^^^ " Invivution." Ml ilu'oonunonoo 
 iiuM^f of (l\o svnA'ivv, (2nd.) " rr.'^yor ImMovv; Hcrniou," in 
 wViiolu ."^i intorvivls, <l\o sovor;\l vorfos. (vxooplMio lUli.) 
 v^f tho Mst r^hn :\iv stuvos-^ivolv introdiUHMJ. with Moino 
 j^Uviht vorb.U niVon\n\v>d;\<i\Mis. (!^rd.) a " (lonFUMMjitinjj 
 rmw." introduotovy to tl\o ordiu;\noo, (4tli.) " Thiinks- 
 l^iviug nnd rrayov." j\t the closo v)r tl\o sorviinv 
 
 Thi$ may Iv ivo;u\U\i i\s n sjini^^o of Iho |v»ins and euro 
 ho tvk in propnriuj; tor lu5 ]niMio dutios, nnd osp(vi;illy 
 for the duty ot' prayer, which. o( ;\ll tl\o puhlio oxorcisos of 
 religion, is ot\on tho worst porl'ornunl. and lonsi rosjardcd, 
 Attd, it may Iv prcsumc^l, is too seldom antioiputod by any 
 
1 
 
 Mrv foMKt'ii «ffnn« '•^u1fi■r\1^'* 
 
 2<» 
 
 ," Ni'lit'inliili, 
 •lolm. \ II 
 i(>M nl l)i^ <li^ 
 :^r> Mm lliMi 
 V «'nl)il>il'^ Iti-^ 
 njf lor •illtci'J. 
 
 (I, ni»< IM\1\ In 
 1)1 <l» lln» tVI«i' 
 
 nmi tmuM nl 
 I. HmI il cut* 
 r nM\iI«'r. lo l»r 
 •oluMult'il llllll 
 liniv Inin \vill< 
 
 io?i on M PMOi'n- 
 l\o 0(MnnH>Moo 
 
 |; Honnon," in 
 \^\\^n> mil.) 
 m1. wilh Noino 
 Oon!»o«Mi\<in*i 
 h,) " TUaukH- 
 
 Imuiis {xn*l euro 
 Inntl ospooiiilly 
 lio oxoreisoM of 
 
 liinvtod by uny 
 
 )i)r|i'irfil»MV M»ii-ly or f«.n<"'fi'if( M w'Hil'l •"•'ff, if, -if M|.'.f» 
 
 •lIlllM^f 'ill U|l«'»'((t| 0>W'f»HJMH'), li<> Wfi'- if» >ll'> ll'tliil tl'lt ' fll/ 
 
 m| iti'MJilfififitr iM'JMr" lifin'l. I»m» '.C wriUni/ fMtf li('< yru'ii-r^, 
 ■ml lliii" )tH'|iMrin^ lii^J '»wri rriirt'l lo p"rf''»rff» >Ik« k't?!'" 
 I'Ml'lii'ly, in flio IcMf, jfririfcr lif wmm r'f»|»»i|.l'' '.f, fircl f'. ' u 
 
 ji'V tlio llJLrlH'fjf. Pfi»l«rM''*i"fi fifMl '|<'|i{/|(f in ffiM r.jr^rMa'' 
 
 It \VM4 iirnhfiMy Mwj(i(( f'> flih li'il»if, lli'»f. fii« |,i(Mi'' pr-i/ 
 «M=> I»!m1 pm sfrikifu'Jy Hi'' » linrfioMT '»!' pr^iyr^ (f» tfi'* fjo^^-f 
 flnl flicy irMli('nf«'»1 on liji^ ♦»'irt » f^'»rHf i'»ii«fir'«<«< Airily of ffi' 
 pii'ypncc mC (if»(| ; nri'l Midi Mi"y n^'Miri'I'"! //ifli H»'; «irfi 
 iilii'ily, rf'ivPfM'y, »n'l rovfroriro of n filinl apirit 
 
 A« ft I'liflMT illimfrMfi'tfi of" tliifi «>,}>)0'!f, '»♦ »•♦ »f» poifif fo 
 ni'MiliMn flio onnnplon ol' IiIm fturri to fii-< cor»^r''if;r»ti'.ri, 
 (ill*'! (I joiMfM'y wl»j«"li lio fook jrp flci wprin;^ of )'^?jTt^ \'',t 
 111'' jMirpoRn of ol»f.nif»int^ |»"/«,nififiry »i'I UtTrujiU rrf'-tin'/ 
 ♦ li'if jihirr* ol' worflfiip. On this Of'.r«-<ioTi ho wrof^; ji yr'-rjct 
 jiii'jiiinitory fo liJM fir^t frM-'finij; S)\(\\u for pul/lic woraftip, 
 of wliicli tlin finncJt'Hl <'xtr»r,t, 'm u pnri. Af>/!r rrpr",-<«ior»?< 
 nlfi'lonifion nri'l prniso to Oo'l for tfio woo'It^ of fi'm lovf, 
 AM <li<plny<M| in ITm works, nn'l in lii^ wor'l, ui]'\ t:T'\')u'.iUfAt^, 
 nipl of itivonfitirm of his f'rnoions j;>rf;H<'.riC'; /m'l Jiif), h'; pro 
 
 (UM'(|4 : "Wo hl('«;« tlinn, Vu\\\('T of M':rr'/K««^ th;)f, w; ir' 
 
 fiilMJn, HH M poopio, j»'Trnitt''l io rn'ft, to'^^ith'-r. VV<; hftT'; 
 ncf'l !i inonnrnont. of mir f/inititn'l';, u pill'ir of r",rr»';rn 
 ])r.'ni(M' to tliy provifl*;ntinl f/oo'Jnc-??. Thon hrj-tt h^/;rj -xrith 
 Mm who is tlio mouth of tliiw pfioplo in prfiy';r ; thon h-i.^t 
 (lircctt'il hJH •roin^'iH ; un'lor ihf; cov<;rt, of thy winir^.H h<; ha.5< 
 foun<l r('fn«/(; ; jn various p<^;rilq flurin^'; his lonv joiirney- 
 inL';'^, them liriHt protoctod him ; in rnultiprK;'! Vi\/)r^ thon 
 lifist uphold him; the hrazon-loavfifl ^^'Jt/;3 of difficulty haat. 
 thou opened before him ; thou hfiAt pr'>«.j><;Tf;d hlrn ir? 
 awuk'jnin;^ the liberality of the churehen l/^yond o-ir f-.TL- 
 
,<r»> --'^ 
 
 Sm 
 
 rtn.^siit*^'''' ^.*K««H 
 
 ( 
 
 ;i(i 
 
 :»ii:M(tiii OK riiK 
 
 {■ 
 
 r.| I 
 
 ih'l 
 
 1 1 
 
 ! 1 
 
 p»s'l,itiiMi ; m\(l m>\v in |n';i('i> nn<l Hiiloly ln> is pt'rmitird Ic 
 lo-^iUM*' l\is U'-in;\l <lutirs. Wo lli.inlv Ihco loo lli;it IIp 
 livi>>^ ollhos*' now proscnt liiivc Imvmi Mpiwoil (o (Iiis liino. 
 <l\-il \\wy -AW slill ])risoni>rM of liopo, junl iiinv nil \rl Itc 
 «>.>iuo |>;M'lMk(M*s of thy i;r,'»*M» : — imd ycl tliou IimsI snil 
 H\ino Mwlul mos><<M<;;or ;MMon<;sl \is, -then' in oiio wlio wns 
 \vi(l\ us whon wo li\st !iss«Mnl»I(>(l, who is now nitl line, - h< 
 WMs suthh'nly o;illo«l hono«\ — hi* is in iho world of HpirilM. 
 Kniildo us, () (lod, 1(> lo;\rn ntnl improve by suoh U'ssons 
 ot' mortality. S(>nio of us h(>loro thoo mvo nioiirncrs, — 
 Non\o \\[\\o. boon cmIKmI upon to \\:\v{ \\\i\\ (h>.'ir oliildron, — 
 thou kt\owosl tho sovority ol* suoh t\ stvoko, — clouds nnd 
 d;\rkuoss ;\iv round nhout ihco, hut. ri_u;htA'ousnrss .'uid 
 induniont nro tho hnhitutiou of thy throno, - tlnm hnsl 
 hrnisod, and thoii onust hind up, — thou h.'ist woundod, 
 and thou oanst pour in tho oil of oonsolation, — tlnui luj'-t 
 ntHiotod. and tl\(Ui oaiist sauotily atllictions,- thou hfisl 
 tnk(Mi away tondor otVspriui^, but thou oanst i;ivi» a 
 Saviour — a titlo to hoavou,^ — thou hast causod u sorrow 
 fill partiuii', but tluni o.-uis't givo a joyful ujootini; whoio 
 thoy shall never part again, — whoro parents and ehildron 
 join together in praise to Iliju, who, li.ivini:; bro\i,i:;ht them 
 through much tribulation, made their robes wliito in thr 
 Mood o( the Lamb, and eonsoeratod them as kings and 
 priests unto liod." 
 
 " There are others whose state of health, or the duties 
 of lite, have eallod to another place of abode. 15e with 
 them. Lord, and bless them — bo very gracious to them 
 — and may the good will of him that dwelt in tho burnini: 
 bush be their jxjrtion. We ask not that tlxou shouldst 
 take them from the world, but that thou wouldst keep 
 them from the evil that is in the world, — that thou wouldst 
 
.J#«.S«rU. 
 
 HRV. .MMKI'll ft'llUlJ 'niUHIMfAP, 
 
 31 
 
 s |u'riiiilltM| \i' 
 
 loo (lll)t llli 
 
 lo (IiIm lim<\ 
 v\y nil Nrl lic- 
 
 M (t!IO wllO WMS 
 
 not Ihmt,~Ii< 
 ovM <»!' H|tirils. 
 
 y Huoh IcSHnllM 
 
 » niounuM's, — 
 »}ir oliildri-n, — 
 0, — cIoiuIh juhI 
 
 liOOllSUOSK ',\\u\ 
 
 no, — (lion Ii.Mst 
 liMsl woundi'd, 
 on, -tliou l>!i'-l 
 ns, - llM)n luif^t 
 
 canst ^ivo m 
 nsod » sorrow 
 inootini; wlirir 
 s and chiMnMi 
 
 l)r(m,L!;lit tlunii 
 s whito in tin- 
 
 MS kini^s and 
 
 or the duties 
 
 )dc. Bo with 
 
 loious to thoni 
 
 in tho burn in l; 
 
 thou shouklst 
 
 wouldst keo}) 
 it thouwouhlst 
 
 
 ■J 
 
 prcscrvt' thciii •.[< llir ii|»|iN' ol' lliiiif cv, nml k" i |» tlt<'r(i 
 hy tlir nii'j,lily iiowr of (Jo'l iIiimiij'Ii fnitji iiiilo kjiIvm- 
 tioii 
 
 " W'v rcii'h'r th;n»l<^ to tli<!(! tho ^^ivor of'ovory ir/ntti nri'l 
 ]M>rt'('rt j^il't, I'ur the htMit'VijloruM' <»!' tliosc in u 'list/int r«;- 
 v!,ioii who h.'ivini^ hciufl that (mr little nrk dwelt, under <!ijr- 
 t.'iins while tliey lived in (Mailed h'juseM, Imve, liherMlly 
 inijt.irted of their unhstnnee, inooniini-^eration (d'onr neoo^si- 
 ties. W'v hIesK thee I'or wlifit our eye^ hnve Heeti, — for in- 
 -fanees (d'the riehe.H ol'Iih. ralily ahoundiriL^ oiitof'the, depilix 
 of poverty, wliifdi will at the day when the Keeret?* and 
 motives of all hearts nliall he made njanifeHt, he to the, 
 j;l(»ry and honor (d'oiir hen(!f)ietf)rF." 
 
 " () Lonl (Jod I we implore thy hleH^int,'; on this eJiureh 
 and eon^n'L^ation. We triint that it in n vine of tliin 
 '•wn jtl.'intin'j;. Suffer it not to he laid v/aKto — let it «e,nd 
 forth its l»on;.';hH lik(; the eedarn of Iie}iano?r- let it };ear 
 fraiit like the <4rapeH (d' IOmoIioI — let t!ie dewH of Hermon 
 d(;Meentl U[ion it. Thou art viMitin;^ the (;urth with rIiow- 
 erw of revivirej; ^raec;. Jjet us not he like the fieeoe of 
 (iidecm whieh was dry while all around was watered. 
 Without tliie we can do nothinL'. IJrenth f»f' tho Lord! 
 eome and }»reathe on the dry hones : arm of the Lord ! 
 awake I awake ! (juicken the lioarts of thjj people — ani- 
 mate their declining f^races — stir them up to perseverin;.'; 
 int(!rees8ion — may there be amon;.^ us many wrestlini' 
 .Iacob.«, many prcvailini^ Israels, who will not let theo go 
 except thou blcsH them," &c. 
 
 As has been suggested above, to excel in public prayor 
 is by no n^oans common. [low seldom, indeed, is this 
 service performed in such a manner as to fix the attention 
 «iid impress the mind of the hearer? IIow often, on the 
 
■%*,4af»^" .-a*^' 
 
 
 MEMOIR OF TlfK 
 
 in ''■ 
 
 1.1 :f^:: 
 
 I' • ;:■ 
 
 li 
 
 
 tv>nlvnry, «li» pr.'iyors oxliil)it iiliuost every ppecios ol' iMulf, 
 in regard to i]w ij;*Mh'r!il spirit and niiiniwM-. Hio topicH 
 itilnnlm'otl, tlio o.-nelt'ss, alVot'ttMl, drjnvliiiL!; or Iiurriril pr<» 
 nunoialiou, iho iVotpionl repetition and perhnj)s irr(!V«Teiit 
 use of tlie saered names, the ititroduetion ol' inmsual and 
 inappropriate words, and olMiiii;lily H^nrative lanii;untre and 
 allusions, »d lou'j; an<l involved periods, of didactie and 
 eontrovertial matter, ol' labored description, Iivperbole and 
 nietapl\or? llow oi'ten, instead of a caln\ and collected 
 state ot* mind, do we witness haste, elTort and irrevorenee . 
 and instead of what would be nppr(j^>riate, a surprisinu 
 ernde»«ss and Uippaney ii\ matter and manner, wliiob 
 would not be tolerated in a sermon, and would In* very ill 
 lhonjj:ht of in a closet ? 
 
 Another subject wliich, while in rrincoton, he appears 
 to have studied with mvat care and tidelity, and witf> 
 iiTCat iKMuMit to his own mind, and to hi.s after uscf'ulncsH, 
 was the character, vicarious sutTorings, and nieditorial 
 reign of our Jjonl Jesus Christ. This subject iutercHted 
 him toi> deeply to he passed without a thorough investiga- 
 tion, awd the attainment of clear, scriptural, and satisfac- 
 tory views and convictions. His .studies and meditations 
 on it, of which, besides one considerable essay, there are 
 among the jjapers of this i)criod a variety of notices, 
 ap|x;aY to have prepared him to give this great theme its 
 (' ic prominence in his suUsequent writings and ministra- 
 tions. Ther»3 arc among his sermons no les.s than twelve^ 
 on diflferont parts of the character and work of Christ. 
 
 Passing other leading subjects of in(|uiry which special- 
 ly engaged his attention in the course of his theologic^al 
 studies, it remains to mention one of a ditTerent nature, 
 which deeply interested him before the close of his resi- 
 
JllK»»>*. 
 
 UKV. .foMKI'lf HTiniJK CflRfHTMAM. 
 
 
 vv\o» of Ctnilf, 
 
 r. i\\i} tupics 
 
 I' liuni«'<l |tro 
 
 n|)s irrov(>r<Mi1 
 
 uiuisuiil Mini 
 
 l;nii!;uiii:;o miuI 
 
 •lidiictio niul 
 
 liyporbolo mihI 
 
 :\\u\ oolK^'ttMl 
 
 (I irrovoroncc , 
 
 , i\ siuprisinu 
 
 iMiUKM", wliiol) 
 
 iM lv<> vory ill 
 
 >n, ho npponrs 
 ty, niul witfi 
 'tor uscf'uliiosH, 
 lul inetlitoriMl 
 oct iutoroHtotl 
 lull invcsti^a 
 and SJitisfac- 
 d meditations 
 iwy, tlioro arc 
 y of notices, 
 oat tlierae its 
 and uiinistra- 
 than twelve^ 
 of Christ, 
 wliich special- 
 is thcolosicwl 
 eront nature, 
 of his rcsi- 
 
 w 
 
 dcnco nt IMifu'ctdfi, vi/,.,thc! Htatcjoftiir rrofpKtaiit clinrchrs 
 in Frano(^ and th«! vnlloys of I'if'dinonto, th(! fiKMlitifs of ii«o- 
 fnlnosM <o tlinn, and hin dcHire if po-«.sil)ln fo dovnto liirnKcH'tf* 
 their wrvieo. IliHinind waH fully made nf» to the lahorsarid 
 privationH of a, inisHionary life, and in IiIm inrjuiries into 
 tln« eonditinn of tho peveral nations of the earth, and thf- 
 nicann of acieeuM arnl nRofulnefis to tliern, his own reflec- 
 tiotm appear to havi; led him to selrct the ahove-?nentioned 
 for th(^ seene of his lahors nR a prenrdier of tjic; «^ospel. 
 One of hJM letters on thiM Hnf)ject, addr(^sM(!d tf» S. V. H 
 Wild«'r, Ks(j., the?) recently from France, and datf:d Mareh 
 21, 1H2I, very fully <'x!iihitM his views and th(! state of his 
 feelinj^s. 
 
 TflKOLOOICAL HKMfNAUV, I'FKNCRTON, N. J., 
 
 Mnrrh 21, 1824. 
 
 " Sir, — A few weeks Rinco I visited the city oi' New 
 York, carryinLi; with mo a letter of introduction from Dr. 
 jNliller addressed to yourBclf. Your absence froyi the city 
 de[)rived me of the opportunity of a personal interview 
 with you. Upon my return to this place f. took tlie liberty 
 of writing you a letter, presuming that your kindness and 
 tilt nature of my infjuirics would form a sufficient apoloiry 
 for tlio trouble which a stranger was giving you Not 
 having heard from you, and supposing that you have not 
 received my former letter, I shall here repeat the substance 
 of what it contained. 
 
 " For several months there has been revolving in my 
 mind a strong desire of devoting myself to the service of 
 the reformed churches of France. The once flourishin:^ 
 condition of that formerly most fair portion of the Chris- 
 tian church, the havoc produced in it by the persecutions 
 of Lewis XIV., its subscf|uent dcclensionSj and late hope- 
 
f 
 
 •t* '^tk*"-' <^" 
 
 ii I 
 
 nil 
 
 'I 
 
 V 
 
 li' 
 
 ! I 
 
 34 
 
 iMEMOia Ol' THE 
 
 i'ul symptoms of recovery, u;ivo it an int.Test in the view 
 of every Christian who surveys the various nations of tlic; 
 tjarth. An especial interest slioulJ he take in it, who is 
 just eominu; forward to lend liis exertions to the cxtonsion 
 of the ]ve(h!em(M''s kingdom, and who yet, diseni^at^ed from 
 all restraining^ connexions, should try to consider himself 
 a citizen of the world, and therefore as much bound to 
 hear the claims of one country as anotlier. When with 
 such feelings I further consider the vast importance of 
 rcgainiuL; those territories which liavo been lost since the 
 reformation, especially a country so rich in population, 
 resources, and influence, as France ; and when the practi- 
 cability of doinp: it is rendered more probable by the 
 reliiiious toleration enjoyed there, the present state of 
 Indiffennce wliich appears in the lloman Catholic commu- 
 nion, and the increasing willingness to hear gospel truth 
 which is found among the Protestant population. All 
 these facts make me unwillins; to dismiss the thoughts of 
 France for the, in some respects, more pleasing prospects 
 of staying at home. But I should be unfit to stay at home 
 if, enchained by its ties, I was appalled at, and retreated 
 from the hardships I might expect abroad. In attempting to 
 obtain the information necessary to come to a proper decision 
 on the course to be pursued, I have met with much embar- 
 rassment. Intelligence respecting the religious condition of 
 France, the access which a foreigner might obtain to the atten- 
 tion of the people, in short, every thing I would wish to know 
 I have found very scarce. Lately I have seen a number 
 of the publications of the Continental Society ; extracts of 
 correspondence and reports down to 1822. The result of 
 the whole is an increased desire to proceed in the under- 
 taking. But how shall I be introduced into the country 
 
 
 
riF.V. JOSEIMI STIIUIS CIlIUsTMAS. 
 
 
 <t ill the vli'W 
 lations (»(' tlu! 
 ill it, who is 
 tlio extension 
 }(jnii;;i,i:;od from 
 isidor liinisoir 
 ucli bound to 
 When with 
 importance of 
 lost since the 
 in population, 
 ic!i the praeti- 
 3bable by the 
 ;sent state of 
 itholic conimu- 
 : gospel truth 
 lulation. All 
 ic thou'jrhts of 
 sing prospects 
 
 stay at home 
 and retreated 
 attempting to 
 
 H'oper decision 
 
 1 much embar- 
 13 condition of 
 lin to the atten- 
 d wish to know 
 ecu a number 
 y ; extracts of 
 
 The result of 
 in the under- 
 the country 
 
 and supported there? The Continental Soei«'»y (,'iiiplovs 
 none but native preachers. The sums already expend(<l 
 on my education, and the ecpial claims of a larg(! family, 
 leave me nothing to expect, at least at present, from my 
 father. Would you advise me to attempt in New- York or 
 Philadelphia, when? I am best known, a private association 
 of wealthy and spirited individuals, who would agree to 
 support one or two agents, or does our distance from France 
 render impracticable the organization of a society like the 
 (/itntinental ? Your advice in the whole business will of 
 (course depend upon some knowledge of tlie individual ad- 
 vised. Permit me then to say a few things concerning 
 my.self: circumstances will I hope excuse the apparent 
 want of delicacy in doing so. My parents reside in the 
 state of Ohio, I have completed the course of collegiate 
 study, have been a member of the Theological Seminary 
 in this place for nearly three years, and expect to be licensed 
 by the presbytery of Philadelphia in ^ few weeks. I have 
 not yet finished my twenty-first year. My youth, though 
 di.sadvantageou3 in some respects, will enable me more 
 easily to transform myself into a Frenchman in manners 
 and speech. The most discouraging item is yet to come. 
 I have very little knowledge of the French language. But 
 having a somewhat good memory, I expect no insuperable 
 difiiculty on this score, provided my organs of speech are 
 sufficiently flexible to adjust themselves to all the niceties 
 of French pronunciation. If it were pos.sible to get the 
 charge of an English church in some part of France for 
 two or three years, I might in the interim be acquiring the 
 language, and whatever else I should find necessary ; and 
 at the end of this time, T should expect to dissolve all local 
 engagements and pastoral connexions, a 
 
 coin' 
 
fl 
 
 'f]T^ 
 
 ■KJbUiitW.' 
 
 30 
 
 'k 
 
 t I 
 
 Ml 
 
 
 lill.t ! 
 
 
 11 
 
 i 
 
 .. ' I 
 
 li! 
 
 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 an itinerant, to sow the seed of the gospel by the wayside, 
 or within inelosurcs, wherever there was soil to receive it; 
 visiting the languishing and destitute churches ; seekin<; 
 out the remnants of Huguenot Societies, which T dare say 
 arc still existing in many parts of the country, especially 
 the mountainous districts of the south-east. Circumstances 
 might determine mc to use the subsidiary means of distri- 
 buting tracts, forming associations, translating or composing 
 religious books, &c. An undertaking of this kind, I deli- 
 berately espect will involve much self-denial and hardship ; 
 but in tliis way I should delight to spend my life. As yet 
 I have taken no step and made no arrangements for such 
 a mission. I venture to lay open my feelings and solicit 
 the advice of one whose knowledge of that country and its 
 religious concerns, best enables him to give advice, and 
 whose attachment to a cause all Christians love, will I doubt 
 not, dispose him do it. Among other inquiries, had I 
 better be ordained in this country, or going merely as a 
 licentiate, enter the ministry there, and thus secure the 
 confidei- ,. and interest of the native pastors ? Do the laws 
 require all candidates for the ministry to go to the seminary 
 at Montaubon ? Will it be necessary to be naturalized ? 
 These queries, with whatever else you may think impor- 
 tant, will you be so good as to answer ? It is not impro- 
 bable that immediately after my licensure (which will take 
 place about the 20th of April,) I shall visit New England, 
 and then I hope to have the gratification of seeing you face 
 to face. I must not forget to mention that a classmate of 
 mine, Mr. Benedict, a young man of piety, fortitude and 
 decision, of good talents and popular eloquence, has recent- 
 ly been very seriously thinking of associating himself with 
 mc, in my projected undertaking. About the first of June 
 
JJKX ^ - ^ p* 
 
 tho wayside, 
 receive it ; 
 lies ; scekinj: 
 jU T dare say 
 ry, especially 
 circumstances 
 )ans of distri- 
 : or composin*^ 
 ', kind, I deli- 
 [ind hardship ; 
 life. As yet 
 ents for such 
 njs and solicit 
 untry and its 
 e advice, and 
 e, will I doubt 
 juiries, had I 
 g merely as a 
 us secure tht; 
 I*? Do the laws 
 the seminary 
 naturalized ? 
 think impor- 
 is not impro- 
 Ihich will take 
 ew England, 
 leeing you face 
 classmate of 
 [fortitude and 
 e, has recent- 
 himself with 
 ,e first of June 
 
 REV. JOSEPH STIDUS CIIlllSTMAS. 
 
 x 
 
 I (k'sign to return to Ohio to visit my friends, from whom 
 I iiavc been these three years absent. Before that timi; I 
 wish to have my mind decided on this subject. Your let- 
 ter and advice I expect will have the principal weight in 
 that decision. Though personally a stranger to you, yet 
 allow me to subscribe myself yours in Christian alFcction, 
 
 Joseph Stibbs Christmas." 
 
 To the above letter, it would be almost inexcusable not 
 to add the following brief sketch of the state of religion in 
 France, and the principal events respecting the Christian 
 profession, from the reformation down to a recent period. 
 in connection with the facilities and encouragemonts for 
 such a missionary enterprise in that country, as ho had in 
 view. It was written by him a few weeks before the letter, 
 and was designed for a periodical publication. 
 
 These papers show the cast of the author's mind, and 
 the character of his piety. The reader will perceive that 
 his zeal, though adequate to any undertaking of Christian 
 labor and self-denial, travelled no faster than his know- 
 ledge ; that he took all due pains to acquire the information 
 requisite to satisfy his judgment and conscience ; and that 
 he did not communicate his project to others for their co- 
 operation, till he had carefully surveyed the ground, and 
 availed himself of every means of light within his reach. It 
 will appear afterwards how, in the absence of any near pros- 
 pect of being enabled to fulfill this favorite plan, he yielded 
 to what appeared a very clear intimation of the will of Pro- 
 vidence, and went another way. His views and feelings, 
 however, raised an interest in the welfare of the Protestant 
 churches of France, which has been increased, especially 
 by the events of the last year, and which, it is hoped, will 
 ioon lead to something like a fulfillment of his design^ 
 
'•!f«SrX- 
 
 '^^^-^itt^^"^- .•«»<^'^<^^^ 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 ■4% 
 
 I'M 
 
 i ' if 
 
 'iii 
 
 t w 
 
 I'-'T 
 
 t , liliit 
 
 " It is to be regretted that, in the unexampled diflFusion 
 of religious intelligence which has taken place within a few 
 years, so little is said concerning some of the most impor- 
 tant portions of the world. What we receive from Europe 
 is so purely English, that we never obtain more than a 
 sidelong glance of the continent. This is easily accounted 
 for, when we remember the hostile attitude in which the 
 British government has until recently stood with respect 
 to the neighboring kingdoms. The noise of warfare and 
 battles having ceased, we begin to hear the milder accents 
 of Christian solicitude, and witness the nobler feats of Chris- 
 tian exertion. It is my intention in this paper to make a 
 few remarks on the present condition of France. And 
 surely, in whatever point of light it is viewed, we could not 
 be summoned to a more worthy theme for contemplation. 
 3Ielancholy as the survey is, it was not always so. For a 
 hundred years after the reformation, France was the gar- 
 den-spot of the church, the fairest portion of Protestant 
 Christendom. The influence of the Queen of Navarre, and 
 the apostolical labors of Calvin, Beza, Farrel, Viret, and 
 others, early obtained for the reformed doctrines a most ex- 
 tensive diflFusion in that kingdom. The churches hadeacli 
 a plurality of pastors, were Calvinistic in their doctrines, 
 and Presbyterian in their form of government. The innu- 
 merable vexations to which they were exposed from Popish 
 intolerance, were removed about the close of the sixteenth 
 century, by the famous edict of Nantz, issued by Henry IV. 
 The days which followed were too prosperous for the wel- 
 fnYQ of the Huguenots themselves, (for so the French Chris- 
 tians were termed) and for the tranquil observation of their 
 Popish countrymen. The siege of Rochelle, in 1628, was 
 tlic first signal for the violation of solemn treaty ; the mas- 
 
W»Ok«ft<s<tas»t- 
 
 KEV, JOSEPH STIBBS CIIRISTMAP, 
 
 30 
 
 pled diffusion 
 within a few 
 s most impor- 
 from Europe 
 more than a 
 iily accounted 
 in which the 
 I with respect 
 .f warfare and 
 milder accents 
 •featsof Chris- 
 iper to make a 
 France. And 
 A, we could not 
 contemplation, 
 ays so. For a 
 c was the gar- 
 1 of Protestant 
 f Navarre, and 
 rcl, Viret, and 
 :ines a most ex- 
 ivchcs had each 
 lieir doctrines, 
 lit. The innu- 
 led from Popish 
 f the sixteenth 
 by Henry IV. 
 )us for the wel- 
 French Chris- 
 rvation of thciv 
 in 1628, wa.s 
 ■caty ; the mas- 
 
 .«^acrc, on St. Bartholomew's day, in 1G71, was the next in- 
 stance of sanguinary discipline inflicted by ilie holt/ another , 
 but the last scene of the tragedy was reserved for the revo- 
 cation of the edict, in 1G85. This violation of every bond, 
 human and divine, of every obligation of clemency and 
 justice, was effected at the instigation of Richelieu, prime 
 minister of Louis XIV. The day after this neftirious 
 breach of public faith, an order was issued, requiring all 
 who would not embrace the Romish communion to depart 
 the kingdom instantly. Multitudes, to the amount of 
 about eight hundred thousand, gathering up what frag- 
 ments of their wealth they could, fled from their country, 
 and carried the arts, morals, and choicest population of 
 France, into Switzerland, Germany, Holland, England, 
 and North America, in which countries the}* found an 
 asylum from oppression. The Papists were not yet satisfied. 
 The last order was immediately followed by another, for- 
 bidding them to quit the country. Many of the refugees 
 were arrested in the highways and seaports. Regiments 
 of soldiers were quartered in their houses, to dragoon 
 them into the faith. Their churches were shut, their pas- 
 tors murdered, their females violated, and their houses 
 burned. Many were the families who took refuge in the 
 fastnesses of the mountains; but many more were they 
 whose bones lay burnt under the smoking ruins of their 
 dwellings. This is no exaggeration, unless the ingeniou.'* 
 cruelty of demons can be exaggerated. The report of 
 these transactions, which should have melted the heart of 
 barbarism itself, was received at Rome with the most pub- 
 lic demonstrations of joy and thanksgiving. After such 
 thorough work, where are we to look for the Protestant 
 church of France ? A remnant of oppress ;d people still 
 

 i[ 
 
 <i(|';;^|fi«<^. ,i0CkVt.^»^ 
 
 ill 
 
 ■ I 
 
 Hi > •x 
 
 ii'i i''',' 
 
 40 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 voiiiainc<l after tUo fury of the porsocutioii was over. Tlioy 
 could say. as they met in their place of worship, " Here 
 Abaddie once taught " — " So many years ago Claude, or 
 Daille, or Pictct, or Saurin, preached here." But alas 
 those prophets were gone 1 and the residue of their spirit 
 rested not on their followers. The stupor of the shock 
 they had received continued for more than a century. Infi- 
 delity had, with an unseen hand, taken away the key- 
 stone which upheld the arch of empire. The storm of the 
 French revolution came. Its violence alike laid prostrate 
 the ma<2;nificGnt Romish cathedral and the humbler edifice 
 of the Protestant church. That troublous season passed 
 by ; and Bonaparte, with a liberality which reflects honor 
 on his political sagacity, granted the fullest toleration to 
 all parties. But the unceasing warlike operations of his 
 reign generated a military spirit, which exterminated every 
 other passion. The only education among the youth was 
 military ; and war, as a matter of course, became the pro- 
 fession of every young man. The tactics of this world 
 displaced all relish for the discipline necessary for the next- 
 Upon the restoration of the Bourbon family, all attention 
 to religion had so disappeared, even among the Roman 
 Catholics, that it was judged expedient to send forth a 
 host of missionaries who should beat up recruits to the 
 standard of the Pope. But among the majority of the 
 people, the priest wls despised, as the wretch of hypocrisy, 
 and the missionary as the agent of imposture. After all 
 that had been done, it is no unusual thing to enter a 
 splendid chapel, and find not more than a score of persons 
 attendiuii; mass. 
 
 ** The reformed have legal toleration under the Bourbon 
 dynasty, but it is accompanied with many unjust restric- 
 
 f ' 
 
 ,M 
 
ioa<v.»» to - 
 
 REV, JOSEMI STiniJS CFIRISTMAS. 
 
 n 
 
 IS over. Thoy 
 rship, " Iloie 
 ij^o Clau'lc, (ir 
 " But alan 
 of tbcir spirit 
 of the shock 
 century. Infi- 
 iway the key- 
 ic storm of the 
 ) laid prostrate 
 lumbler edifice 
 3 season passed 
 1 reflects honor 
 st toleration to 
 aerations of his 
 ferminatcd every 
 the youth wa? 
 )ecam« the pro- 
 of this world 
 iry for the next- 
 ly, all attention 
 iiif* the Roman 
 send forth a 
 recruits to the 
 .ajority of the 
 |h of hypocrisy, 
 ,ure. After all 
 ing to enter a 
 core of persons 
 
 ler the Bourbon 
 unjust restric- 
 
 tions. No forcijjjncr, for instance, can become a pnstor in 
 their ciiurchcs, and none of their preachers are allowed to 
 address more than nineteen persons, unless it is in a church 
 or a licenced house. It is but a few years since many of 
 the Protestants were massacred at Nismes. Of a i)opula- 
 tion of about thirty millions, two or three millions may bo 
 ranked amonc; Prolestants, who form five hundred and 
 seventy congregations. Let a few facts guide us in an 
 estimation of their religious character. The Lord's dny, 
 the strict observance of which forms such an unfailing 
 criterion of Christian feeling, is in scarce any part of 
 France, or even the whole continent of Europe, kept with 
 tphat we should term decent respect. Twenty theatres, 
 every Sabbath evening, throw open their doors to receive 
 the giddy population of Pari.s, who are accounted very 
 religious if they have attended a single service in the fore- 
 noon. In this Maelstrom of dissipation may the Protes- 
 tant as well as the Romanist be seen circling. A few years 
 lince a couple of clergymen quarreled : a challenge was 
 passed, and accepted : they met and fought : neither was 
 killed ; and each continued to carry 
 
 * Weekly to church his book of wicked prayers,' 
 
 without giving any oflfence to the public sense of decorum.. 
 These facts sufficiently indicate a laxity of morals, while 
 the appearances of a corruption of doctrine are still more 
 alarming. The creeping pestilence, which is rightly termed 
 neology, has been moving among the clergy; and, like 
 the simoom of the desert, wherever breathed, instant putre- 
 faction takes place through the whole system. By this 
 is meant a cold, heartless, God-denying hetero'!^i;y, which 
 - is nothing better than ' baptized infidelity.' Its chief seat 
 
•HHtf*" 
 
 42 
 
 >if'Mo»M ni' rnii: 
 
 i i 
 
 r' 
 
 Sill 
 
 li! 
 
 \ 
 
 iji 
 lii' 
 
 I' ^i|i 
 
 \^ in (1\<^ <iiMn\;)n iiniviMsilic--. imil Ttotn HnMU If Im (vmdii 
 mUv oxlouilinij il^ inilncnro. nnd noun lIuMonio in Huilni 
 \\]\A :\nA V'vMnoo who l\:nt» ilvnnk iu Ihi' polMon mI Hinm- 
 
 wwi'st 1m' n< n ili'|>^>v«Mi' ciMiililion. Tho UHI»» Ipftvpn wliifi' 
 '«1\<>nM \\:\\v loMvcnr.l iho ininlHy mn«»fl, nuvy !»•' fiippoHiMl In 
 hno uo;\il\ I'^^l it'' rrnnrnjiuu (|nnH(i(»fl. \V«' wniiM unl, 
 1i.n\»^\i V, s:\v lilv'Mlh' proplu'j MUJ!\I\, romly (m iliiMunlnr Hn- 
 l\\ni)>o\ <vo»\ <!>;>< <n>«l luis not !i ronuinnt. lolY ninou^ (tiiil 
 pO(>]^]o. \n !un\u:\tiiio jMiMM'sq orviMi(>vn!iiM\ is n( work. 
 v^o\no «^r <ho !\}X«'''i'^ iMUployoil. nn»l ll\o ploM^ln^ indiiMilionc 
 of swooos-s shnU ho nuM\(ioi\r<l 
 
 '" An^onp; <l\oso inny 1>'' v;\nlv.'(|, ms ono of (lu» (iiHl, \\\i> 
 UiMo Sorioty oh Vi\\\9, \\'\\\\ i(s iinty or liOy niixiliMiirf^, 
 (^stj^Mishv^l in <luMin>!»t iiupovlMol oilics. Il \vi\fl MPCorlMiiUMl 
 that tor moro thnn twonly you<' not. n h'\[)^\\\ oililion of the 
 vnptnws hf\\\ \>r«M) ]>\iMisho(l in V'nnioo |>rovio\is lo nn im 
 ]^1V"*5!i^^v^ pviiWiM hy (ho Urili'-h imd Koroiirn HiMo Nocirly 
 Uihlo sv>oiotio;« nvo now wnvnily |>;Uronif»Ml ; n\u[ whtMi Ww 
 :\^cw{ iVon\ tho r.'nis sooicty pvo(VO<lo(l to Lyons lo oh\:\ 
 blish nnothor thi ro. tl\o vM-owd \v;\a P(> invnuMiso tluit it. wa^* 
 t'oun*^ novvssnry tv> nv^iross thon\ in tho opon nir. Iloinnn 
 (\'Uholio>« hn»^ objivtovi to tho ililVusion of the poripliiros in 
 tho vornaouhu' toncno. thnt th«\v woro not. trnnslatod IVoiii 
 t]\o nuthovi7.(^l Vnl^.'^to. \ orsiv>ns iVoni the Latin hnvoMc 
 vvnUn^lv boon ninvio bv Vrotossor Van Kss in (iornianv, 
 and tho Uaron do Saov in FranooMnon who aro thcnisolvcs 
 Tapiists in protossion. 
 
 " Tho missionary Svvioty institntod in tho Fronoh niolro 
 polis cnipkn-s an Aniorican, Kov. .lonas Kin^, in I'ahvsliiio; 
 and. liko all other missionary institutions, has ro-aolnl 
 most bcnoficiallv on the cliurobos at home. A moiv 
 
np,A'. .lOHKI'H MliriMM f'MfUHI\fAM 
 
 4/J 
 
 ^ !>(» !=>n|>|»os«Ml I" 
 \V«» woultl nnl, 
 (i) (lio uihIov <!»•• 
 lolY M^on^ M»mI 
 (iiM> is »i W'vK. 
 !\t»inp, in(li<M»lioii^' 
 
 of tlu' HimI, 111"' 
 
 \\\^y nuxiliin'K'^, 
 
 ( wnfl MPOorlnintMl 
 
 irlo otlilion ol' lln' 
 
 >vovio\is lo »n '"' 
 
 uonfio <l\n(. it. VMM 
 |H>n s\iv. Uoiunn 
 tl»P pori|iturofl i" 
 ( trnuMlixtotl IVoiii 
 |tl\c li!\tin1i!ivpao 
 Ksa in (lonuivny, 
 Ibo j\ro ll\eiusclv(s 
 
 ho iMvnoli uvotvti 
 
 ini^, in rjilosliuo; 
 
 Ions, lias ro-actoil 
 
 Ihoine. A n»^i'^' 
 
 v-'CciiPivil nllfrilinn hi flio fliin^M wlii''li 'i'l'l i'' 'loin^ Miroiiuli 
 till' pnilli. i'« ••xcilo'l, Mti'l fliM rri'Mitlily f'ifif'f>rt mI" pr»yf«r i^ 
 mMMMMlly niNi'rv-"! ill flio M'liitlMMfi (liMtriMN. V/'ry j^rf/it 
 l3X«Mlin!i«» Ikiv" Ipcoii imm'Im f'l iritr'KJiic" Mi»» \iun<'nH\<'.r'n\i\ 
 llH'lllotl itT ti'iirliilii^, Mild Hclircih for nutfil'd innfrm h'r,n , n<^ 
 IIh>V mm nilK'fl^ fitc wtvf Vf'ry finfn"rrnm 
 
 " lliil 11 H rliii'fly Ity tli»» pr^'finfiin^ of tlio (/o«<|»fh}ifif, (lo'l 
 
 4llin<Ht»N to juMioiripli'^h Mvory t^^'mt rnor/ii rovolnfior», unfj flif« 
 l^ulpit 
 
 ' Mii^i hIimmI n» kriowlo'l(<'"l, wliilo Mk* worM shuli qtari'l. 
 •'"? Tlo' innql, iin|ioi fniif, nri'l ffP-ctnMl «'""■'!, 
 Hii|i|nii(, aii'l oiriainpfitdf virtdn's Cftusf .' 
 
 Jji PMifili fiiiiiilKT of zcfiloiiH nri'l n})\" rriiriistnri of (}»>■ ^f,^^t^^ 
 ircj *":".!rj(l in fi low of tlio most iiriportHnt po^ts in tlio conn 
 iry. IM. Mmliii, of Hordoimx, M. fjOFfii^riol, of Montpfilli^r, 
 itl<l M. Miilluit, ((('(irnev/t, /tro not urikrif»wri to tin; (/hri»- 
 linn puMic In (irrrnnny, iv/n rnnn havo ari^<;ri in Hjm 
 bo8"iii of tlic I'oMiMii (jatliolio clinrcli, oacli of whom wfll 
 cUstMVCH tli«; \\\i\iut\' Lriironornt(Hrr,(livu)ft,g. Jiiri'l^ill, by hi-< 
 bold n?id ruitliCul prpiichirit/ of tho jrosjKiJ, drrw upon him- 
 lOlf tlio odium of tho J'opi.sh cccicsinstic.s, who wf;ro ahonfc 
 to shut him up in t\ monnsiory for life, fiut rccoivinj^ 
 in invitation Irom tho Triiico dalitzin to j<o to St, I'nUiTf^- 
 burt;!], thoy djirfid not dotain him. Ifo has sinw ronoiinc^d 
 idl connoction with tlic liomish church. 
 
 " Tho other luminary of the Gorman church in ^'/ossner. 
 Tbo unboundod pojmlarity of this rnnn of God attracts 
 vast crowds whorover ho preaches. Ifo has boon known 
 to address from twenty-five to thirty thou.nand f)er3'/>ris 
 in the open fields. His u.soful zoal was not Ion;; in drawin^^ 
 |iowa persecution upon his head. He was thrown into 
 

 Si' n 
 
 \ i 
 
 lU'MiUU Ol WW 
 
 ]»;, 
 
 a? 
 
 'I ' : »K 
 
 ^^- K. 
 
 -It i\\o <^«>liiMt;\tii>n i^i 1^0 Imu|M'1im Mr^'intliM, nliit litiil liiiu 
 
 i^!>t ^"«r>vti^M\ of ronh?\l 1m\ii>)^<> i'^ nr'>tlv v«'mi|\ to (|nn\v nif 
 <l\r \o\o olO^o ^o^^^ In !>\\»t?i>vi;nul, loo, tlu' lt\|(oi'i nl i 
 Tr^lhoho )*>v\o«it, i\nu\iM^ l^^o-s. ]\:\\\^ W\w )\y\\v\\ MpsmimI \ 
 \>-o\V x\1no)> ]>o ^miMi^IumV \\\\ 'y\'i\'\\\r'.\\'\\\\\ h\ \)\'\\\\, rntdnii*.. 
 ll\oco v«M V v\o\vs of l^i-i iloohino nl\i<'l» linllti'v coi*^!!!!!!.! 
 
 •• l^nt to ^\M\UMV Tbo bonovolonl r\Hov|ni^i' ol' Hiillli 
 (''?-\vi><ir\n« >tvs<\hi1(^(l. \n <l\o \of>v 1S1M. Hw ronlinoMliI 
 v^t^Moiv. ^vT^o«?o o\iioo* >vrt« 1o s]>i>m\<1 (ho knowlnloo ol t\\< 
 s:^^s^V'l in Winro. In nf^pt^tino \\w^\\ ywiwlwv^ oCnn ovmii 
 siv"[\*\'>l sii>n\p. t\w\ \'\\\y\x)\'\\\ix :\.i1>m^<."?, who flwniM ♦humM'^i 
 <ho tVYD-i^vv in f\\\ »^\i\vtixM>s. ortwyi^'i >vith \\w\\\ <l»o o\<m 
 l.^stinii. ji\">s]Vi rron\ t\\olvo 1o <\von<y of ll<o>^o lnl»ovio\)- 
 i(inov?«n<s lirxvo 1>iSM\ in <1n«^ nimnuM oons(;iniW onn^lovoil. In 
 wfinv insi?\nvVfi. Oiov h:\\vl>oon ixvoivo*^ \\\{\\ i>pon ni in-' 1m 
 tlio svttlott pftsiovs. 10 \\ho\n ihovhavo luvn nsoliil iinllvrcf 
 in^ to oVnivv vio\v?i of iW truth, ;\n\l ouoo\t vasvinsv {\\y\\\ in 
 tVtoiv ov.'sna"<^i<^^^«^iHj:x'^ivV. ^t.-xny n «lostitnto ;\n(l POMttovttl 
 fi»vk of .1os\\s Christ hns l\v tluMn honM (ho voioo of tlu 
 (MVSt Shophon^. M\y\ mA\\\ nnvl siir":xl h;\vo boon (lio ins 
 tarivvs of oonvo\'siv">n un^^or th(»ir iuinistr;\tions. If ui\ 
 momovy tsils tiu" riot, it w.'^s hy tho proaohino of ono ci 
 thoso cvjjncouj't^^ that t\ vory oxtonsivo roviv.ll to.'k jiluv 
 in <Mio of tho o.qntons k^C Svsitwvlanti, in >vhioh sovonUvi; 
 iiv.r.i<:tor? xroiv Uvusiht to th<? cxpovimontal knowloilgo ot 
 
r^". :S 
 
 ni'lV. .fmKIMI WflfllH ClIlflMf Nf AM 
 
 iri 
 
 lie \V'\'' n-lfHiil 
 (M h1«<» i'Mil Mt'l 
 
 iM»>\^'^»' 'M 
 
 Hnli 
 
 \\' \\w'^\' \\\ho\'\o\\ 
 \\\\y ou\|^1ov«m1. Ill 
 
 \\\\\ 0|>0\» l\V\U'' l'\ 
 
 , \> w*^* (\\1 in ilivtM't 
 
 <l\o \oioo of <1" 
 
 strntious. \( w\ 
 \w\\'\\\)y of ono <' 
 roviv;»l tv>v»k vi;i*'' 
 \ \vl\i»^l\ sovonUvi, 
 
 \lf IidIIi Iti Ml" Vfillf-v^ "' I'i'-'lffiofif, M/i M'i<T''l f(i /"/fry 
 jtiniiM ici'iillfclinii, Ihcy liMV" v)"i>''l •If (iMffilliv VVtiM'fi 
 pcM. »• |uMi|i|(' nliM MIC now filfMiif «'ii.;lif«'('fi flioiiMfifcl in 
 Inuitlti'i, funl uliM woiiM lifiil tlic (»«MiMhti(('" of («/»M|i'l ]n\iur 
 ll'Fi willi lrfiii'j|inil, TIh'V Iimvi' liMtf'l «<r fi f'Ofi|'r«'^fifi'»f( '-f 
 ftmi' liiimln'tl fj|i»'|>li<'r'lf^ (in llit> Kr/'nrli fj'Mlo/if* fho I'yr'fC'M, 
 wit" ItiiVf" li!iil nil tniniHif r Miri'-f Mio rcvi'-fffiori 'if Mr" 
 itlii'l III' Ndiil/, Iml wliM plill iiM'i'f, (oL^<llM-r I'Vi'ry H»f»l»'(f|i 
 It) iiM«il llio f-«'ii)ihiri'« fiinl |ifMy. 
 
 " ( 'niiiH'rlctl willi llio ( !(iiilifM'nfnl Mofji.fy, \» u n]nini\nr rifi'l 
 tUmlnl rliKy nf nn-ii, llic ('(il|i(ir(('iif fl. Tlif-M'^ ftr»t pioiH 
 
 ytlUH!': IMl'll, wIlM llMVi'l tlirniltrli fj)*' v'lllM^f'H wiMi p/l^k«t;(;'M 
 
 <>f hilil»'«^, Ii-'dIm, mikI I'i'iiiM li'i'iltq 'I'licy viflit. from ho»i«^<'! 
 lb li'iii'Jt'. iiiijiiii'mi^ I'lir IImipi' wImi firo 'I'-Hfihiff* <»f'Hi'! wor'l 
 ^f lid', liMvi' nmi'li i('lijj!;JnMe; CMiiviw^MMofi wifli tfio irili)il»i 
 IhiiH, Mini ('nM|iiiMilly ili(i|i fi Mliort cxliorffifiori in Uc lifH<i 
 4&IM|Mniir'j lli:it t'ltiMlcr jii'»imi(| flipir pa/ikiit';'! f»f' iJiM'^. 
 Tlu\v HHiiiillv »';«ll «in Dip lloinisli fMjrMtf>«4, firi'l li'ivo louri') 
 ttUliy "I lliiMii wImi 'iihI ni'vr qciri m N'w 'Iwinuifui 
 tMiroro ' II ItMitk wliirli fli'y Inivi in rnfiriy irmtwnr^iS jMir 
 III 
 
 t\Ho<i Willi r!ij.M'rfirf»H. 
 
 ti 
 
 " l*'niin (ln> |H(voilinjf pt(it«>rn<'nlH, it, is i)v\ihm\, tlin>, t,hii» 
 grraf tinfinn," MR lliry liavr Rtyiod tlh-inwilv^iS, /iro in J»n 
 ItttrroHlin^^r !iihI linprrnj cninlilion. Nf.vor sinw iho r''.f'or- 
 nntinn lifivo llio lirldrt M[»|i<'nr«!f| wliit<;r for tli^, fi^irv^iP-t. 
 Wh.'it .'» hiMni|ili U){]\(} (jliurcli wouM it h';, if Frnncf; should 
 b(ft (MirisliMni/,(vll Tlicni ifl not n country on tho ^lohc 
 whi<'li IVoni itH location, rcwourccp, or influence, could }k; 
 moiv instnnncntMl in the universal propfif^ation of the gos- 
 pel. FrcncliimMj hfivc in our fiHsociationH become ?/) much 
 jOOnnoctiMl with warfan! and liloodwlicd, that we have almo«it 
 ftr);otton that they arc immortal heinw, and as Husceptihlo 
 
.l'f>I^tf«><- JO.-»rv,>,^ 
 
 \i 
 
 Mm. g 
 
 mi ■ m 
 
 ! i 
 
 ftl 
 
 Nil 
 
 «lM 
 
 11.; 
 
 s 
 
 i; 
 
 u;i 
 
 • ■[ ill 
 
 •liii 
 
 4(; 
 
 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 of a religious influence as any other people. Tn our en- 
 deavors to extend the {gospel throu«j;h the world, it becomes 
 us not to overlook a nation who arc hip;hly eivilizcd, who 
 have their lanj»uage fixed, and the Bible hanslated, wlup 
 are accessible, and many of thcni desirous to bo tauj^lit, 
 and who, once cvan<:;clized theniRelvcs, possess the means of 
 extendinp; the blessing far and wide. An American would 
 in that country find a mucli more direct way to the liearts 
 of tlie people than an Englishman. ^^^ ^ ^ then, docs not 
 the American Church send lier messengers of salvation to 
 tliem ? Why have we no such institution as the Conti 
 nental Society of London? The maintenance of mission- 
 aries in that country would be as cheap as in any part oi 
 the world. Wc trust there arc young men who are willini: 
 to go upon so noble au enterprise ; who, ready to spend 
 their lives in the propagation of the gospel, would desire no 
 easier employment than to go forth and scatter the seed of 
 truth wherever there was soil to receive it. That singular 
 interest which the truth, faithfully declared, has, where it 
 has been for a long while unheard and unknown, might be 
 expected ; and a generation of Frenchmen, it might be 
 hoped, would rise up to bless the men who had sought the 
 things which arc Jesus Christ's, while so many seek tlit 
 things which arc their own. France, which has been fcrti 
 lizcd more than any other country by the blood of martyrs, 
 and signalized more than any other by the awful display? 
 of human depravity and thetrumphs of irreligion — Franco, 
 we trust, is in a more remarkable manner than any other 
 country to experience the energies of Divine Grace. 
 
 J S C ' 
 
 " Princeton, April 7, 1824." 
 
jmlfTtru «» 
 
 REV. .losErir sTinr.s <'iiiusT\rAs. 
 
 47 
 
 »lc. In our vn- 
 orld, it bccomos 
 ly oivilizcil, vi\\o 
 trausluiiHl, wlio 
 18 to 1)0 tf\up;ht, 
 ?ef»s the means oi 
 Amoricun would 
 ,vay to tlic hearts 
 I hen, docs not 
 rs of salvation to 
 on as the Conti 
 nance of mission- 
 ns in any part ot 
 in who are willing 
 p, ready to spend 
 il, would desire no 
 :eatter the seed ol 
 t. That singular 
 red, has, where it 
 iknown, might be 
 nen, it might bi 
 10 had sought tbc 
 so many seek tbi 
 ich has been fcrti 
 blood of martyrs, 
 he awful display? 
 •religion— Franco, 
 
 cr than any other 
 ine Graec. 
 
 J. fe. v^ 
 
 Mr. (Iiristmas left tin; 'riicoloMic;,! Scmriary in Aj.ril, 
 1S24, and proceeded to Phil.Mlflphiii, t<> aitvnd a nieetin*; 
 of the Presbytery, by wliicli lu was licun.sod to preach th«' 
 Gospel. Ho read to that body a narr.'itive of liis religiouH 
 experience, in which, alludini; to the period of his conver- 
 sion, lie says: " Painting, wliidi I had hitherto been much 
 engaged at, and which, with an enthusiast leal attachment, 
 I liad resolved on as a profession, now lost its charms ; I 
 deplored what I consideriid an idolatrous love of a fine art. 
 Such an alienation of afTeetion from my old pursuits took 
 place, as a few montlis before I bad considered irnpossilde. 
 The gospel ministry, v/hich had formerly been a subject of 
 aversion, I now began to think would bo a most delightful 
 employment." 
 
 ^ He had scarcely received liis license, when a messenger 
 from the new Presbyterian Church in Montreal arrived in 
 Philadelphia, with a view to obtain liiin for their pastor. 
 *' I was," he writes, " at this time exceedingly desirous of 
 going on a mission among the i^cattered and destitute Pro- 
 testant churches of France. When I received the proposal 
 of this messenger, I was much averse to it, and persuaded 
 him to return to New- York and seek another candidate, 
 which he did. In a few days I received a letter, saying ho 
 was waiting there for me ; and shortly after he came again 
 himself to take me. I was reluctant and hesitating; but 
 having prayed, and received the unanimous coun.sel of my 
 friends and ministerial brethren, T went with him, and on 
 the fifth of May reached Montreal." At the end of three 
 weeks the congregation gave him anun;inimous call ; and 
 having become a member of the presbytery of New York, he 
 was ordained by a committee of that body on the first of 
 Vugust, 1S24. He now entered on a field of exertion, in 
 

 •iiHiilliMniw^' 
 
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 4^ 
 
 MfM-MH or vnr'! 
 
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 i^ni \.^)v^. <\\\\\ wnlil Ino ^^^^ •'ioitin wjnnt.l \\\\\\ <i» «.« 
 t1V^vv, ^^v o\)>(Vt n -^^-^.^rilv t^>vnnn•1til^n of ln«i lir.> Ho rul\ 
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 li'^i^ i\ \{\t^M \v«mV Io il."* <^.no rtn«l l>v <tMn|>oi!n\ f\l>iont««', 
 Ir.'^w'l. i\\\\\ iv^f, l\i« ox^rt\\s*o»l Rt\»MVii<l\ \\!\^ routnnoil, wwA 
 ]ii< ^Vt^nio^^ vii>>M ivi^tv-^iriUv \<^<5<«M"«vI. 
 
 ^n »1nno. ^S'A^. ho y\\f\v\wy\ ^!i«!» 1,o\nf»i .IiMu***. (l;n<<iJ\<tM 
 M Mv 1\mn^9 .lono«. .^^"t1\»MM<^ of Now N'ovk . wl\.\ 1^\ hcv 
 ^MOlv. info)UjiV^>«^\ !^n«l >vi'i«^>m. ^<M- i\>ook nwA '^(\W^u^\\•^\^' 
 spirit. fw\i\ iho ^Ujinitt nn.\ ;i\ui.'\Monos«» of ho\ n^.-^nnov^. 
 w<>!«- >«!inpilnvlv >>oll snito*^ lo )\i<n. .nul iy) {\w station -ilo' 
 
 Hi^ TwinivOioviAt ait^? pAisfovAl labors xvovo o>ninonU\ bono 
 lioisl to lii^ jNVplo. ihiNMijih'"*^^* ^ho \\\u\\o jj^oriod orinf^vo-^i 
 <^Amvxrit>» iWm . sn*^ <^!«:|vvi.<>Uy in i\\o oavly pnit of ISL'T' 
 >\i< o"linro"h ttjh^ pv^iTiX Wos^o\l {{\\A onlrtrt^xn^. l\v n ]>*>Nvovinl 
 TrorV «*»f (hf H«>It 8y'int. Alvwt ono hun^hvil k'^C ih^^i^o \vl\o ;\p 
 p»^firt\^ ti'^lv sAvindy lvT»ofi1t<\i. xvoix> n*l*iod U> iht\i olwuob 
 (VfvAvion^vM'ht'^fslv'oniiing to i^ilToivni phuv^s n\\*l ivligions 
 oAmitvtions, five or six xro-iv inhabitAiii.* of St. An«lro\v"s. 
 ft town fiViit fony-fiv<^ Tiiilos wost from ^tontroal. to winoli 
 •phct he mndc a visit of fo\ir or tlvo xr<H^ks osvIt ii\ tho nn 
 t«n.r. Tnhon A similar work of grsoo Cv^mir.oiuv<^. niul vrns j^ro 
 motodlry hisinstntniont^lity, jmdnlvut thirtv persons wore 
 
HfrV .fnulf.I'M KlinilM rllUI'^IMA'J, 
 
 4U 
 
 Hi', l\i>\\t'\rl, 
 
 M' n )\\\\{\ \ I'M 
 
 1 lll'i' lit' t';\»l\ 
 
 \ (•i>nivvni'tl I"' 
 lv\ii»f!,lnl llmMU'li 
 
 I sliowt'tl {\\:\\ lie 
 
 ,lono«». «l,nvi\)<<«'i 
 
 ^^k . \\\\^\ \'\ l»''i 
 
 nn<l :)<V<"«MiouMi<" 
 
 of luM n^nnuov^, 
 
 OiU\non(l\ l>on«' 
 vvioil or hif* vo-ii 
 1y V'^'t oiMSL': 
 y\, by ."^ ]>o\vovtui 
 lof <l\os»^ who :\y 
 \ to i\\M olwuvl; 
 ivs nn»l ivUgious 
 ■\( St. Auvln^ws, 
 Miiroal. <o whioli 
 s ojuvly in tho .-in 
 H\^. nnvi vr;\s piv 
 
 i llil'l.'l |<t IIm' < 'liltM'll NifH lln' I'ImMC fil" Mm* M(I»»|0 V«'Mf, fl 
 
 l-rlM'Ui'ij H'lii'lDM" itli'Mlinii ?l|i|)l>firf )| ill illM OWII l"tlli;r«>(/f| 
 linll. lltnl tlltnlll fWMllv Wi'ti' li«">;»llif<'t| MM ||«i|H Till fMiHV«'r*M. 
 
 *riii» litlliMTiiii^ liiicC H'vii'w oT liin piiiiciii il hilioin wliil«« 
 im-Jl"'! iiI'lliM I'liuii'li, imhI III HMiiii.nrjIii'ir r«'«iillf», wMH»lr«wii 
 
 tlj» liV llim MJinlllv flll'l It"'' li'lllMVill llu'lM'O 
 
 " I liuvi' rnrjoii Id lili'qqllinj Im \\\i> 'ru>nf, intrifj, iliriff. 
 iliil imliri't'l. \\hii'li ln' Imi imihIi' iii" IIi" iimwihh of «lojfi^/. 
 t |ro|ii> I Miiiv MMiiilinr OMimiijoinlilv mIimvm riti liiiti(lti"l momU 
 ttnn\i'il('(l llin»iit'.li my jiclrmin'iiliilil y J l>"V" jfii(irov<"l 
 iJiy Mi'iniMiiilimi'i'. Inilli \villi ||m> nnili mikI llt|ir"W l»ifi 
 tfUMiTu, innl li'ivi' Immmi mowing in llio kiiowlc'li';*' '•! lie 
 ICivjij)) llijilt' My niiiHl Ihh liopfi «'tili}',lil''iM"l mimI ifi- 
 Utrucd'il oniiiiiny |tnitilM nl' ('In i««liMn <l<n«hiiM< ; |»)irlJnj|;!rly 
 U(>|Mi)vily. ili«> will, iiiiliinil Mini uhiimJ iiifihiiity, mfi'I IIim 
 hMluro (»r llio inMyiMH of llio iiitiii'iiilciil." 
 f " /\n»ot{|r olIiiT liilHiiFt I drliviMi'*! R«'vi'rfil iinwrill* n Iim- 
 turos oM «MM>l«'Hi}islioiil liiylnry, in llio IMrllnMliKl. »;li;ip»'l. 
 : " '2. A PcrirH of WodiH'Hila^ (ivoniii^ l<'(!liin>M on tlio 
 
 " l\. Conslnu'lcij h l>inj.Mii|ilii(Mi| rluirl lor iiitmlrrfi (;«;ri- 
 
 " {. Wroto tlio ro|MM( uf IIm< [Jiblu Sot-icfy lor t.hn y<;fir 
 intUn.i: ISL'C. (i'lil.liislnHl.) 
 
 " r>. Wrol(» (ho tr.'iot on rof»Mitnn<;<', No. 1 Hl'» of lli«: H<'.r\(iH 
 of llio Ainorioan Tnjct Snoiiiiy, \vIh(;Ii (iloil Iuih aln-aily 
 blessod to four indiyitluals that I havo hoanl of." 
 
 " (>. Wroto an essay on tho In.stiintion nnd jMirpptuit.y of 
 tlio Clwistian Sabbatli, ofsovcnty MS. jia^^M-H, which wa.s 
 submitted for a promiiun, with, I believe, rn;arly fifty othcrH, 
 to tho connnittoo of the Albany Pre.sbytery." 
 
 " 7. Conducted a controverHial discu«Hion with a Catho- 
 
♦I'ffl 
 
 n»- '.''f-* 
 
 :^^\ 
 
 MIMolll -»r 11 M". 
 
 lio |)ri(V«i( and :\ (Villiolio l;ivtn;in, in tt ])u)ili<* priiil. 'V\u 
 sovoriil |»i(M»(>s wcri' aflcrwunh rcpuMinlitMl in a jciniplilcl 
 oC sixty I'Mir |)iij;(>h." 
 
 " S. Wroto and pnMisluMl m?\ ' Apitcil (o \\\o Inlialiitanis 
 <>r LowiM" Canada <>i\ llio tlinnno »!' Ardent S|>i^i^^ :' altn 
 \\\c ItMination of (he 'roniperanoo '^ocit'ly." 
 
 " H. Wroli» and |Mil>lisli"d a disi'nursc on the nature <>( 
 tljat inability >vhieh prevents the sinner I nun iMnl)r!ieinL' 
 the gospel, 11 pp. Svo." 
 
 Sueeeetli?!^ the ahov*' is a hsi of ilie principal hnuks he 
 liad read tlnrinix tl^e satn»» period, amJ a general view of his 
 entire st\idies in every depu*tn»ent(>r literature and Hei(>nee, 
 Nvhioh he oalls an estitnatt' of his knowlcMlge ;ind ignorance, 
 together with his plan lor future acquisitions. 
 
 > it' 
 
 ! 'i!' 
 
 * ■■il''t 
 
 The tnet before mentioned on repeiitanee wus written 
 in April, 1S2(). He snys of it in one of his meniorandi 
 o( that period, *' If this tract is published I shall consider 
 it the most useful labor of mv life." Tlu' following notice 
 o\"\t was eommuuieated in the summer of 1S28, at u eon 
 ferenee of churches in ('Onnectieut, by a delegate. 'In ;i 
 town not far from New-llaveu, in April last, (182P,) ii 
 pious father, passing the street, observed a paper parti}' 
 covered with dust, which proved to bo the tract No. 183 on 
 repentance. lie carried it home and re;\d it to his family. 
 The next morning his daughter read it, retired to her 
 room, and formed a solemn resolution not to rest without 
 that repentance which it recommends. Her anxiety and 
 distress increased to such a degree, that lier friends and 
 neighbors were alarmed, and were greatly affected by tht> 
 evidence they saw in her case of the operations of tho 
 Spirit of God. It was not long before she appeared truly 
 
RKV. .foMF.nf HTinilS f'ffrifKTUAS. 
 
 61 
 
 lie print. Tlir 
 I ill ii ]);iin))lil<'l 
 
 {\\\\ Inliubitaiits 
 t SpirilH :' iil'trr 
 
 u (li(» nnfurc nl 
 liuiM (Mnlu'Mcinu 
 
 iiicipul ))<»uks he 
 ncr.'il vit>\v of liis 
 hirt' .•111(1 srionci', 
 (' iuitl i|^mtr!UU'(\ 
 
 DIIS. 
 
 MOO wuH writlcMi 
 ' his incin(»rMii<l;i 
 
 1 sIimU consider 
 ' iollowinu; notico 
 
 1S28, at !i coil 
 iloli\L;!ito. 'In ;i 
 
 list, (182R,) !i 
 I a paper partly 
 traot No. 183 on 
 
 it to his family, 
 t, retired to her 
 t to i03t without 
 I lor anxiety aiul 
 t luT friends ami 
 y affected by tho 
 )perations of the 
 le appeared truly 
 
 •nitont and rrconci 
 
 |c(l to (i(»d. Ilrr hrufhcr and nnothi-r 
 
 y»)nii«; man Wf-rc deeply nfleetcd hy the nceiio ; wen; f-on- 
 viet.'d nf their hIiim, and noon hopefully converti-fl ; and 
 nt the lime whru this narnitidii was ^dven two ofh'TM 
 of h<r friends werr iii<|nirinL' witli eaniestnesH 'what th»'y 
 must do to 1)0 saved.' 'J'his tr(i«'t is recommeiidfd to tho 
 rcadrr for iiis own Itenelit and \'>>r <;irculati(»n. It (!xhihitH 
 th<^ nature of repentance in a clear and conci^j manner; 
 ftnd jireseiits tin; most alh-etin;^' eonsideratioiiH to induce an 
 immediate perl'ormance of the duty. 
 
 His essayon the; institution and p(!rp(;tuity of the Chris- 
 tian Sahhath,do(!Hriot app(!ar to luivc gained the av/ar'l rjf'tho 
 committee to whom it was communicated, nor to have heen 
 returned, owin^^ d(»ubtless, to tho want of directions to 
 that effect. This was a Hu})ject of the most lively interest 
 to him. He esteemed the Saldjath a delight, the, holy of 
 the Lord, lionorahle ; and he was tenderly conscientious to 
 ' honor the Lord during its sacre<l liours, not doiiiL^ his own 
 Ways, nor finding his own [►hsasure. There are many notices 
 to tliis effect scattered up and down amon^^ his papers; 
 ftnd it was tlie subject of a number of his sermons and 
 Other pulpit exercises. In two discourses, in particular, 
 on tlic fourth commandment, written in 1820, ho illustrat- 
 ed the following positions : — 
 
 1. That the Sabbath is of divine authority and perpetual 
 obligation ; which occupies tlie whole of tlie first discourse. 
 
 II. The manner in whicli it is to be kept. 
 1 That wc are required to prepare beforehand for it<* 
 sanctification. 
 
 2. It is to be sanctified by avoiding idleness, recreations 
 -and business, and devoutly attending upon its appropriate 
 
 -.iW 
 
^ . ■'/'I. - 
 
 '!!!.: 
 
 52 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 ! 
 
 1 ■! 
 
 i »{ 
 
 mi . ■ 
 
 il; ! 
 
 :".r 
 
 '^V- 
 
 religious duties. He shows how it may be profi\ncd by idle- 
 ness, amusement and business ; and points out the principal 
 duties and services to be attended to. 
 
 His -jntroversial discussion was begun in a public print 
 by a Catholic priest, who was excited thereto by a published 
 account of the recent revival of religion. In his replies to 
 the priest and his helpers, he made aspirited attack on the 
 errors of Popery, which soon put a period to the contro- 
 versy. 
 
 His appeal to the inhabitants of Lower Canada, on the 
 subject of temperance, was published in June, 1828, in an 
 octavo pamphlet, with the constitution of the Montreal So- 
 ciety for the promotion of Temperance ; and was widely 
 circulated. He exhibits in vivid colors the ruinous effects 
 of intemperance ; shows that the moderate consumption of 
 ihtoxicating liquors is dangerous and of no benefit ; and 
 finally, that it is the bounden duty of every person entirely 
 to relinquish and abstain from such liquors, unless requir- 
 ed as medicine. The writing of this appeal was one of the 
 last services which he performed in that country ; and it 
 has doubtless been extensively useful. In a review of it in 
 the Christian Spectator for October of the same year, the 
 writer says, "It is brief, pointed, and clear; goes the 
 whole length of utter banishment, and exhibits the most 
 compendious view we have met with, of the great doctrines 
 of temperance which are gaining such prodigious currency." 
 
 His discourse on the nature of that inability which pre- 
 vents the sinner from embracing the gospel, contains a clear 
 and satisfactory elucidation of that very important, and to 
 many minds difficult subject, and inculcates with singular 
 force the practical lessons which his doctrine naturally 
 suggests. He preached the substance of this discourse in 
 
RY.V. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 53 
 
 I'ofancd by iclle- 
 ut the principal 
 
 1 a public print 
 ) by a published 
 n his replies to 
 d attack on the 
 to the contro- 
 
 Canada, on the 
 ine, 1828, in an 
 he Montreal So- 
 md was widely 
 c ruinous eflfects 
 consumption of 
 10 benefit; and 
 person entirely 
 Sj unless requir- 
 1 was one of the 
 ountry ; and it 
 I review of it in 
 same year, the 
 lear; goes the 
 hibits the most 
 great doctrines 
 [ious currency." 
 lity which pre- 
 ontains a clear 
 Iportant, and to 
 with singular 
 rine naturally 
 liis discourse in 
 
 i two sermons in December, 1827, and immediately after 
 
 !• published it by request of his congregation. It has been 
 
 pronounced by competent judges to bo the ablest, most 
 
 comprehensive, and best written discussion of this subject 
 
 ; which lias ever issued from the press ; and it is therefore 
 
 inserted in this volume. 
 
 It may be suitable to mention hero as belonging to this 
 period, another tract communicated by him, and published 
 by the American Tract Society, being No. 252, entitled 
 "Mary La Fleur." It is a brief narrative of the conver- 
 sion of her whose name it bears, at the period of the revival 
 of religion in his congregation. She had been educated in 
 the Romish system of hor fathers, and no one could have 
 had a firmer confidence in it. " But," says the writer, 
 " the change in her was not too great for Him who made 
 her to accomplish. He did it by imparting a keener per- 
 ception of moral relations, and a quickened sensibility to 
 moral truth. Thus it is that the influence of the Holy 
 Spirit counteracts the delusion of sin, prepares the heart to 
 receive the knowledge of Christ, and becomes an effectual 
 corrective of the manifold forms of destructive error. No 
 sinner thus enlightened can fail of seeing his own vileness, 
 his exposure to endless misery, his inability to satisfy the 
 justice of God, the free redemption through the cross of 
 Christ, and the necessity of personal holiness in order to 
 eternal salvation." When the subject of this narrative was 
 taken by her Popish friends to the priest and required to 
 confess what they deemed her soul-destroying heresy, she said 
 to the confessor " that she thought it needless to recount her 
 sins to him, as she had already confessed them to Jesus 
 Christ ; and believed herself forgiven ; but that she was 
 ready to give a reason of the hope that was in her ; which 
 
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 Ijorii'lv "I INIniiiMfil, hovvr < 'MiiMfl't. 
 
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 Mit^p Hit inipDiliiiil !<M*I moImiiii |(» thcrii nri'l to riK*, Mrrl f will 
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 thnl olinwiln. iumI llic Inilfl iiiipoHcd l»y IIm! ((cciilidr sfafo ;»r»d 
 90li(iti V poHilion ol I lie lirM (d' hdioi . VnT ffirco fiuriCfiRHJvr} 
 ypnivi I liiivt' Ih^cii Mtiimnlly proqtr/itc'j \,y \\it r;i[»)d ;»r»d d'' 
 blli(;»liii«; tr;iii'^ili<tn IVom Mm> rl^'/pr <d' winter fo Mi<; hf >it, of 
 ftttiniiu^r, iind oltlitn'd td nc'ck ii rnnovafiori of firjyilffi by ^ih 
 i#UC»MUid liMVriliii;';. Ahoill fourtcri?! moiiflm ?<irK;f!, in vi';V7 
 of.tht' lopcuh'd iitlnckslty wlii(di my coriMtitntion and lif'; 
 Wcr»' (MidiiiiLvn''!, I (Icd.nrmiiind finally f<» K;uvf; tli'; pro- 
 vlnco, and rclurnrd to Monlrcnl wiili \\\<',\\\U'.u\'v>u<A'<\<f\u'/^ 
 BO without driny. Wliili; vuy^w^yA \\\ making th'. uTr:iu'/<;- 
 niouts lor nuch u iinjasurc, my licalth wan suddfinly and 
 
iilT 
 
 RPiV 
 
 ..^'^^..r^ 
 
 *•%>!.' '{tp^X- WlV-v 
 
 (7 
 
 r.(; 
 
 MKMOIH nl- TIIK 
 
 I 
 
 swrpi i;*in};ly it'sldnMl, t\\u\ sijoli wen* IIm» nllcclidniilci ni 
 Ircntios of my |)('onl«' lor my oontinuimco huhmil; IIhmii, IIi;iI 
 1 ooiisonlcJ lo mako (lio rxptM'iimMil lor imollior yvixr. I 
 lUd fs«i. Hut llio <riMl li.'iM l)rom;lil, mo io look ovor tlir 
 oimuMlnii; vorm^ of tlio f^ravo. Tho oorlilic'ilo ofllio hi^li 
 08t modioal Mullioritiow in your «Mly, which 1 ohliiiiu'd in 
 the montl\ of AiiiniMt lusl, has since hocomo unniTOMwary tt» 
 eoiwimv any ono. lliai I uwxbI not only loavo Canada, tmt 
 i\)v somo linn\ porhapH for ever, ivUmiuish (lio much loynl 
 ilutios ol'llio minislrv. " 
 
 T\\o I'aivwoll JiOttor, ahovo monlioniMl, (o his ohnroli 
 and ooni;iv<>;a(i»>n, is insortod at \\w cIoho ofthis vohinn^ iih 
 an expression ofliis mind and heart, whieh of itself mi^Iit 
 snllioe to secure lor him the love and gratitude of aM wlm 
 read it. It were superfluous to say any tliinii with a view 
 io add to the intercstor his jierlormance, or rentU'r any ol'iN 
 passasres more striking or im]>ressive. IJut the reader will 
 consider tlie circumstances in whicli it was produced : arici 
 months of painful debility, and in the midst ol'anxious uii 
 certainty for liimself and liis family ; at a distance fromlii^ 
 tViondsan«l the scenes of his usefulness ; and, in short, wlxii 
 enconi]n\ssed with causes of depression and sorrow. In tlii^ 
 situation, like Paul in bonds writiui^ to his rhilippi;iii< 
 and Thessalonians, he wrote to his people an epistle wliicli 
 few men in health w*ould find it easy to write, and whicli 
 few in a like case would so much as think of attcmptini;,- 
 oncouraging. comtorting, exhorting, and warning thcni, :i< 
 a father doth liis children. Let the reader turn to U 
 Thessalonians, especially the three lirst chapters, and In 
 will see with what feelina;s his soul was full. His cliurcli 
 whieh had increased during his ministry from about twcnt) 
 to one hundred and fifty members, was surrounded ^vitl 
 
HKV. .loKiJ'ii sTiims cimrsTMAs. 
 
 :n 
 
 jilVtMMionnIn vu 
 nont; IIumii, tlml 
 
 ) look r.\'OY \y 
 
 h I oIjIm'uumI ill 
 i> unnocosmiry In 
 
 I IIr^ uHich Ittvo"! 
 
 orthisvoiuino,!is 
 
 titu<lo of !\1l \vlin 
 tliinjj. wiiii «i virw 
 r ion<\or any ol'it^ 
 ^il thorondcr \s\\\ 
 IS prtulnwd : nltn 
 iastorivnxiousuii 
 laistunco froiulu? 
 na,in f^hort, wlini 
 nl Forvow. h\ llii' 
 
 ,) liis rhililM'»:>"^ 
 lo an opistlo ^vlucll 
 
 write, Juul whioli 
 
 k oV attcniptini^r 
 wjuuiug thcni, i* 
 cuder turn to h\ 
 |t chapters, and k 
 full. His cliurcli 
 from about twont\ 
 IS surrounded witl' 
 
 'W\r lliick diirkncHS «if Topi'^li <'rror Mnd 'lcliisir»n ; nrid li^ 
 fcan'd IcKt, aflcr W\a (Ipjirturc, ^ri«'VonH wrilv<"< ifiii/lit, *rit( r 
 tn Minoii^' Micm, fint sp.'uin^r 4)|(. flock. I In tlicn-forn i^avo 
 them tliiH f/iitiifiil tcslirnony , nn'l with Mm r,'irricstrM'«3 
 and rl(wpi«'ne(i f»r ('liristinu |(tV(!,c«Min.s(ikd tlwm f'ortli'ir 
 prcPcnt and clcrnal •^orxl. 
 
 Mr. ('liristiiKiH now f<'lt in a nianrMT lo^t, tliosn (ifTici;!! 
 filations and ilutic^, wliicli liolli h\ slckncsH and in lifftltli 
 taid exrit<'d and dircetfMl liiH ut.irK)st, fxcrtioim, ]>v,\\\<^ di^- 
 folved, and liis proHpcotH of fiituTc; licaltli, cniployirurit and 
 tllcfulncsM ]>r\u'^ (»))H(Mir(^ and dislinarteniriL';. Inshad, 
 hdwevcr, of yiddin^ to dn.ipondency and ^looni, lio at once 
 ■Umnions up all his on(!r^i(!.i, and a^ it Vfcui vvitli liis cyo 
 tt|K)n th(3 oponin;^ f^rave, bcpjins lii.Hpil;^ri?na^'n anew, rcf^oiv- 
 #A not to waFite or loso a inonwint that remained to liim. 
 Ott thn very day that liis pastoral relation wa« dissolved, 
 hcJ Commenced in a (juarto volume the notiees ahovt rpifited 
 of hiH principal Htudi(^M and writings while in ('aiiada, jind 
 near the be'j,innin^ of the ]>ook wrote tJie followin;^ : — 
 " Though convinced by painful exp(;rienee, of the futility 
 oftncre resolutions, still as till that is vfifnahh^ and perma- 
 nent in vhararter in foitndejl on Jixol prinr.ipfrft, wliieh 
 every man must have, and wliich most men will find it he- 
 ndficial to record and review, I proceed to express what 
 ought to be the leading principles of my life, and which, I 
 pray God, may be transcribed in my future history. 
 
 **I devote myself and all I am, to the ^dory and .service 
 of God, whose I am, and whose I have profe.ssed to be in 
 heart, for time and eternity. 
 
 ** That I may best serve him, I am bound to promote 
 and preserve the perfection of my corporeal, intellectual, 
 and moral nature. 
 
 B 
 
ns 
 
 Mr'.MoiH OK rirr, 
 
 " llo<lilv hi'ullli I li!UM» lonnu'il <n Ito iii(liM|MMii«<Ml)l(> lo 
 tl»o n('t|tnr<MniM\i (nul rominuincjiHon ol' knn\vIiMl^»«». 
 
 " 1 will ov«»r I'o ;i Innnor ; Rludy lirNl tlio8(»(liin«»;fl wliidi 
 Mio ofm'OjHost iinpoiliinoo, fiml will over (MniMidjM- pfrnu'lli 
 •M\d (li-^oiplinc oT u\in(l )Mvror.'\M(» <o tx mnsfl ol' knowlcdiM' 
 !»n»l l«>lin*>sn oriuvirt n\o\v ^U'sirnMc I linn tin nromuuliiljnn 
 ol' l»»nrnini>." 
 
 U«' oonlinnoti to wiijo in tins book occnsioiiMlly, till ncin 
 ilu^ oloso of lSl!'.>, td' i^iissinu; o«'oinr(Mitn'8, ulansi, nml liiiih 
 «d " lhino;s <<^ ^'' done," hifl U" (»lo niul (liMCounij^iiig Binti 
 v>l' lu\»l<]i. :\\h\ \\\i' mo.iMs ol' roli»»l\ 
 
 l( ivniains vol) iniolly to skoloh the pubPLM|uoiit ovoiit 
 v>r his lifo. 
 
 In IVvoinhiM', I S'JS, liopivpanvl for a voyMt»»>, ns clwiphiir 
 v^fono or llio ]^uMio ships, whioli ho i»o|KMi luioht hiMidi: 
 his hoalth. \h\i Ihoiv W\\\^ inon» <lolny b»>ioro ho ouuli 
 »s:\il <h:\n was oonsistont nt that .s(\'ison with his loohlo nImIc, 
 ho sailed oavly in danuarV, IS'JJ), for Ninv Orloans, as mu,('ii! 
 i'or (ho Aniorioan Hihlo Socioty. Kindin|i; hiiusidl", on Ir- 
 arrival thoiH?, untavorahly aiVoctod by tho oliniato, ani 
 iinablo (o spoak in public or nvako any considornblo oll'm 
 any way, ho soon voturnod. Oil roaehini!; his I'aniily, In 
 round that his younixost daui;htor liad boon ill duriiiii; hi- 
 absonoo. and was now near doath. On ilio sovonlli ol 
 April sho was takon I'n^m tlioni, agod six months. A fen 
 days subsequent to this evoiit, their other daui^htor, tlu' 
 nearly three years old, was taken ill, and after a Ibrtni^lit' 
 istrugglc with disease and pain, was likewise removed oi 
 Lord's day morninir. May tliird, as if in anticipation (' 
 the release of both her parents. 
 
 Owins:; to these alflictinjjr occurrences, and the fati^'i; 
 and anxiety attcuding them, the health of Mrs. Christnii 
 
nRT. .lOMK.ril MTIIIIW f'milMTMAfl. 
 
 r.o 
 
 »sB of knowliMl.ri', 
 nn m'cuinulnlinii 
 
 .(isionnUy, tillnoiu 
 
 piihpo^uont OV«Mlt 
 \M)yi\p;o, HP ohnnliiir 
 
 w Orlo.fxuP, ns n;-^'"!' 
 i\\o climato, t»n«i 
 
 ino; bin i*!U»ib' '" 
 HHM\ ill aurin^r bi- 
 )ii the Hcvoiitli ol 
 X iuoi\t\iP. A IV« 
 vor daiightor, tlior, 
 \ aftov a'tbrtni.^bl- 
 Ikcwiso rciuovod o 
 in uuticipation r 
 
 |cs, and the fatig« 
 of Mrs. CUristwi 
 
 lin.l (iln'iily lM'i:nfi |»i'r«M'p»il>ly t'» «Ip«^Iin<' ; iukI liis )»»•)»(; 
 but slii'lilly licm'litfcil l»y hh voyat:^^, ihoy iuro]t\(\(\ Mn in 
 fVitiitiou fVniM llirir j'rulf'.'in'fl IVicrnl Mr. VViMcr, in i»)iP-» 
 ili(« sumiiirr (it liifl rcsifloruM^ in I'olton, M>«sw.'ir|ins»!ttp. 
 TImmc^ IMr. ('liriptiiDiH' ImmiIiIi w;ip in a (viriwidrruhN^ thyjec 
 recniitrd^ nn<l lin prcnu'luwl to u iiowly rnririofl (jlmnJi nri'l 
 COn"n'ij;;iliiui in tlisit |il(ic«', niul wmp ur^c<l to hnrorno fli'-ir 
 BtRtor. IMrp. (y'liriRtnniM, lio\v(!Vcr, it wfis woori fi|»|»in'rit, 
 was liiHt, niiikifi^ under tlin oflofitp r»r |Hiliri(nniry (^oripurrip 
 tlon. Kinly i>> ''"'y ♦'•*'y H'turruMl to tliip rity, {irnl f>ri tlie 
 Lonl'M d.'iv, August nintli, nl'ter a rnpid flndirM! >m<l rFuicli 
 Hvoro HulIVMiii)^, Iiaviri;.^ ;.:;lorifi«Ml lior (iod nrid H/ivioiir by 
 her nnM'k Hulnnispion, lior joy in tin; prorniws of tlio (iospe), 
 lier faith and jiiitienco, h«;r rnpcatixl t,(!Ptirnf»ny on hf-liMlfof 
 fital l»i('ty, li(;r pcnfciot rcndinesH and williri^noKH to depart, 
 And licr triunipliimi (ionfKhuKio ifi niiii who \h tlie Ilesnr 
 ruction .iiid tiie liiCo, hIio fell aHlo(;p. 
 
 The reader ni!iy inia^^inr? tlio t,ond<!r»ry of ihlM hereavf;- 
 ment upon senHil)ilitieM aiid airections hke tliopo of Mr, 
 Christninp. N(!ver wen; two personp mon; pcirf'eetly united 
 in heart atul mind, iti taste and judgment, in tlifjir views 
 and experience of religion, and in tho whole aim and pur[»ofK; 
 of life than tliope now Heparated. The cup of ^'rief could 
 not fail at times to overflow, and at intervals ho went to the 
 grave to weep there.* 
 
 • No worthier tribute can be paid to their joint memory, tlian 
 by quoting the following passage from a sermon on the advan- 
 tages of Chrigtianitj overall other religions, which he preached 
 oa the second Sabbath preceding that on which hii own death 
 OCCviired. This was the last sermon tbat h« wrote ; and hj h'n 
 endorsement on it, it appears that he wrote it on the twenty- 
 
 &,)''*■ 
 
■ll" 
 
 • ' n /5 T.'iJMP^ - j«jw><%, „ J. , 
 
 00 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 III! ' 
 
 'J , 
 
 III 
 
 ^ I 
 
 ill 
 
 IS' 
 
 V !!i 
 
 :,l 
 
 'Ml* 
 
 
 ■I' 
 If 
 
 :i!ii'| "Ji! 
 
 !''!' i'ii 
 
 He had one unfailing resource, tlie tlirone of grace, U- 
 which he constantly repaired ; and he now realized the in- 
 estimable advantages of a well regulated and disciplined 
 mind, by which he was enabled to regard events in tlieir 
 proper connection* and relations, and to engage liimself in 
 duties of active obedience, instead of being paralyzed with 
 sorrow, loneliness, pain, and discouragement. From some 
 indications oi returning health, h.c felt that Providenci 
 might have something yet for him to do, and he girded 
 
 sixth and tweuty-seventh of February, 1830, on one of wliicc 
 days it is known that he took a walk to the place where his de- 
 parted companion was buried. Having contrasted the principal 
 systems of false religion with Christianity, he dwells on the 
 peculiar consolations and hopes of this divine religion, and in- 
 troduces the following illustration: 
 
 " I saw a mourner standing at eventide over the grave of ont 
 dearest to him on earth. Tlie memory of joys that were pas; 
 came crowding'on his soul. 'And is this,' said he, * all that re- 
 mains of one so loved and so lovely? I call, but no voict 
 answers. Oh ! my loved one, wilt thou not hear ? Oh, death 
 inexorable death ! what hast thou done ? Let me too die, I 
 would not live always. Let me lie down and forget my sorrow 
 in the slumuer of the grave.' While he thought thus in agony, 
 the gentle form of Chri?t,ianity came by. She bade him lool; 
 upward, and to the eyo of fai.*.h the heavens w6re disclosed. Hi 
 saw the ineffable glory of God. He heard the song and tbi 
 transport of the great multitude which no man can nurabe: 
 Around the throne. There were the spiritf of the just made per- 
 fect ; there the spirit of her he inourned. Their happiness wa- 
 pure, permanent, perfect, 'ihe mourner then wiped the tear; 
 from his eyes, took courage, and thanked God. * All the day; 
 of my appointed time/ said he,, ' will I wait till my change come 
 and he returned to the duties of life, no longer sorrowing «■' 
 those who have no hope." 
 
 ii. 
 
i«JW>^.-. ■-<•>-» 
 
 REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 CI 
 
 •one of grace, tv 
 V realized the in- 
 [ and disciplined 
 1 events in theii 
 infraf-e himself in 
 ng paralyzed with 
 ent. From soniL 
 that Providenci 
 lo, and he girded 
 
 on ono of whicb 
 place where his de- 
 Lraatcd the vrincipa'. 
 r, he dwells on the 
 ine religion, and in- 
 
 vcr the grave of oni 
 oys that were pasi 
 [said he, ' all thai re- 
 call, but no voice 
 thear? Oh, death 
 Ij€tme too die, 1 
 ,nd forget my sorrow 
 ought thus in agony 
 She bade him look 
 |s wfere disclosed. He 
 ■d the song and tb 
 ,0 man can number 
 if the just made per- 
 Their happiness ^vai 
 Ithen wiped the tearf 
 iGod. * All the davi 
 till my change come 
 
 longer sorrowing '"^^ 
 
 fcimsolf anew for any service to which he mi^lit be called, 
 Inxious only to till up what remained of life in such a 
 manner as to be every moment ready for its termination. 
 
 In the course of this season he wrote for the City 
 Temperance Society an admirable " Address to Physicians," 
 adapted to enlist their zealous co-operation in behalf of 
 that cause. He also wrote for that society an appeal " To 
 Grocers," tending to dissuade them from selling intoxicat- 
 ing liquors ; and likewise for the American Tract Society 
 several prize handbill tracts, which were accepted and pub- 
 lished. 
 
 . About the first of October he accepted th*^ unanimous 
 call of the Bowery Presbyterian Church and congregation 
 to be their pastor ; and was installed as such on the four- 
 teenth of that month. Here his ministerial and pastoral 
 labors were in all respects abundantly acceptable, and be- 
 sides being the means of the conversion of several of his 
 hearers, his instructions, prayers and example, in public 
 and private, were eminently such as to benefit his people, 
 and rapidly to extend the sphere of his agency and in- 
 fluence. In the midst, however, of his usefulness, and 
 when hope was entertained that his health might be 
 entirely re-established, he was after a brief illness suddenly 
 ca}led hence on Sunday morning, March 14, 1830, aged 
 twenty-six years and eleven months. 
 
 Having perfect possession of all his mental faculties, he, 
 in full view of the near approach of death, employed 
 several hours in devotional exercises and conversation. He 
 prayed especially for his parents and other relatives, for his 
 church, and for the interests of Zion generally. He said 
 ho had lately felt more than ever the value of the soul, 
 and that in order to a more zealous and faithful perfor- 
 
 -{S- 
 
 im^ 
 
02 
 
 ^ir-^Moiu nr r\n\ 
 
 i 
 
 % 
 
 f 
 
 riMtrso t^r vi'^ihno,. «'^l«tM liHiou, i\\\A pifiyi'r nMHin|> lii 
 l>('op1t\ \\]\\'\\ l\i' <.>oK <!«»' foM wlnt'li lnonohl on lii^ pti'mMil 
 <Unonw. 
 
 I''inrtllv. It'uinfr BrtliMrm'lovllv V(«)»II(m| Io vtninu'^ itH|niii<<M 
 vo<»po»'1i\Mv hJM (*«»olinn« in \ii>\v el' lh(> divino pcrl'cpdMiiu 
 •.\}\A p,>>v«»nnM('nt. nwA lu"* l>o)>«"i in lln' |Mi»Mpi>i'l ttl' <|t<i)lli, 
 lun ino o\pr«»«4,>(l l\i«» \n»\v.'u«Min|', • onlidiMit'o in Hn* ninno 
 u\on( t\\h\ n\rilin<ion of ('hviMl, nud hiw jovlul Impo ol lln 
 o],>vv o<'({.><l. l\i< .l.'lil>(M;\<«'ly 'n»»l nilh n pi'dilifii nit|(>imiifv 
 nu<l <i\o<lnoR« ol" inin«l, vov'owotl \\\f* nvIioIo lH'c, tnnl if 
 ro\in(o<] <1\o ]>vin»M]>«l «»\«M!<« oI' il. OMpcMnlly nl'lor li<' Ir 
 5:.'\n to pv»v\«'1\ (ho s.vospol llo oootiwioniillv piuiMod, hihI 
 TnN^U ^^M^Iosso^^ Mn«1 «'^M>«lon\no(l \vhn< Mppofnoil lo liiivi' 
 bivn >vn>nj> in (o(Oin;v, n\olivo. or Molion. iti Uw» proojoM^^ ti| 
 ?us history ; nn»l h<^ ^r;»(o1\»lly iiv'Knowlotljvixl nnd (l<»v<tnlly 
 ]M''\isod (lod lor <]\o v;nio»l Mn«l ninniloM jvoodnoM^ wliioli 
 ho h:\\\ o\|vrTonood, t\\\\\ osjvvinlly rondorod thfinlvM lor iW 
 «inino Mossinj>; \vhiol\ h;ul h{\'>\\ vo\jol\s;»l'o(l on hi>4 hihoi'- 
 :\i y\ym{\r\\\. i^\. Andiv\\s, uwA olhcr plnoos. Ilnviiii; 
 iinisliod this voviow. ho tnnuvl his (l»o\urlHs lolho !',lori«>M 
 motliod of Ss\lv;vlion rovonlod in Iht^ !V»>spol, whioh Tor woinc 
 linio onin>^ssod nnd nbsorhod his whoh^ Mllonlion. Hoiiii: 
 no;ulv o\h:uistod. nnd so;uvolv :iMo io Mrtionhilo. ho s;ii»l, 
 " 1 oommond luv soul (o iho lioni Josus (Mu'isI, who. ms I 
 trust. s;\nc(itW nn*l s;\\h\1 n\v donr dopnrtod wilo. :intl wlu', 
 1 »lonht not. li:\s ivcoivM to InnisolT als.) my two childnMi, 
 whom 1 iio\v oxpoot S(vn to moot in j^lory." llooootinuid 
 in altornnto pr.nyov :ind praiso till his l»;ind. lallinp; on h\^ 
 bivnst. CAvo notice th;\t ho \\:\d coasod to broatho. 
 
niv. .in«K,fMi miHiiM <'iififi.!f \i ^^. 
 
 .'V nnmnp. In- 
 lit (»n \\'\^ )>H'm>hl 
 
 viultMi'j inquii it) 
 ivinc ptM r(>i»rntM« 
 oyptM'l oC (li'ulli . 
 ni»o in <l><« nli'in' 
 vlnl l»<»)t'> "I' 'I" 
 «)>(M»liin' Rnl<Mnnii\ 
 \\o\o \'\\\\ Mn.l !•' 
 
 ittlly «!'<''»■ '"' '"' 
 unllv i^MUMOtl, imkI 
 
 t\|>p(<!\VO(l lO llUVi' 
 
 (»•! ond <Iov<»m11v 
 o;oo^ln^^^< wlucli 
 m1 ihMnlvf* lor IIk 
 \mI nn l\i^ lul'tM^ 
 ^>l!\oos. Iliwin!; 
 \(m Io Hio 5;l<>ri«M\ 
 1, wluoh lor Noir.c 
 \i(onlion. HtMiv: 
 rtiouliilo. lio s;ii<l, 
 Christ, who. ns 1 
 todwilo, !\n»l \vli<\ 
 mv two ohildroi), 
 ." llooontinuo'l 
 \\u\. lallini^ on lii^ 
 \>ro:\tlu\ 
 
 I 
 
 tl flllf'MI|ilill!' ti niirvt'V 
 
 (I 
 
 r Hio rlitif fi'l' I ii\' Mr ( lif I f 
 
 IH, il MPfiim |tin|(i'i lirHt lo MlM«'rv<> lli'it in |»<'r-4'»ii I 
 
 III •Vf|M 
 
 i IIimkI'i iiimI \v<'II |iiM|M.iliMiiiM|, Willi u lin"ly (Mffic'l fi' "I 
 Bin I'tMihiH"* wt'n« irtnilnr (iii'l ln'ioiliCiil, 'iii'l tli'i' v/'i-s 'i 
 0enll<'»n'K«i nml ln-nitniily in Hn'in (iii'j in lii •• vii'" iinl 
 mniinrr, \vlii«'li IhkI llifif •'(!« rf, on nil v'.li<» hmw oi Ic m'I 
 hitli, und \v<Mo n liMpiiy iiKl't to IiIh iiiin'l nn'l ImmuI 
 
 ]to m'oiikmI Iu |MiHM«*ffM Hin v(iri)Mi^ m titiil riiniiWi<i^ in 
 MUiil iM't liM'lioii, iiimI Io ciiH-viiIm mm-Ii mi'l fill v;i li tli'- 
 ■atlir ciiHP iiml llii'Mfimo foirrcMM. 'I'Imt'- wirmim'.Iim iMilnri'iP- 
 of tlinM'Vornl pMWi'rM, tlicy «i|i«>rii(,<M| with '<n«|» i-jirp hh'I linr 
 mOHV, 'in<l IiIh wlinlr iiitril(«('lu(il K»r<'iijH|i wms (mi f, for Mi with 
 •ttoli roudiiM'MN iiiKJ (Ucilily, Unit, tlicru pcfir»;';ly «f»(»')»ir»!'I ;i'iy 
 i^\\\y: like rlliiit, «'illi('r in lli" <•nl|»l'»ylll<•n^^ of )t'iH Btn'ly, 
 Itk liiH ooiivorMdlictn, ar IiIm pnlilin <'X»'if'i«'«. In r'»nt':rn 
 pltttinj!; Iiini, oiio «li(| iwtt lliitik fd* a yiiifli pn'-o'i/on-t ni 
 ■Otlio hinj^lo nv4|Mir.t, or of a ninn rxf'.i'llinf^ in fli«t |i'»w' r ol 
 lttli};in.'iti(»ii, rcisoii, invnirKin, nr jndiTn'rit,, l*nt, uliMOKt, 
 unftVoidid»ly for^iol, nil Hndi diHtinrtir»fift ; ,'m in vii-.win:' ;iriy 
 tnodul of art, wo think not ol'tli'i pnrt^ into whi'di itini^/fit 
 be divided, hut nrr, odcjipicd with tint impr'^Kion wliifdi 
 results IVoiM tli<< ('(unplolc.noHH nnri simplicity n\' u. junt 
 OODibiiiiitioti. 
 
 It WHS (lonhtlcMH owlnL*;, in Homc df;;i<;'; fit, hinnt, to thin 
 hftppy const ihitiuii, jdiysioal and intcllccf nal, thut, ]i\h men- 
 tal asso(',iuti(jnH and oxrjrci.soH won;, an if hy a natiiral law, 
 of the sani(! folicitouH cast. IIi! poHS';^,sf;d tli'j powor of* an- 
 sociatioii and comhination in a vory hi;_'li ih-'^rcj: ; ,'jnd h^j 
 80 cm ploy od it that tin; distinct and ooniprf;h(;nHivo a.HMOcia- 
 tions of ideas which were established in his mind, mi;.dit he 
 described, like a well written cs3ay or sentence, as wantini^ 
 no essential constituent, and coniprisinir on the one hand 
 
m* 
 
 ■•m\ 
 
 (U 
 
 uKMoiii oi- I im: 
 
 ^ 
 
 vivid piMt'i^plionM oT IIm» umliMslMniliii^;. in «'omnM'lioM willi 
 (ho n'<|uisi(«' lou«'li«'M ol' inw«*»,innlitMi inul ImmIo, 
 
 III' v\;>^ «'\0iM'tlm«.,lv *\\\u'V In mMooivo (In* roliilinns tiii*l 
 |M>>|>ov(ions »>r ol»j('olM, whotluT |»hy^'«''>l <»•' nirnlal. 'I'Iumo 
 s»mmm(mI (o l»t' Mpoi\(;nM'tMisly h JusIhosh, romplolt'noss, iiinl 
 l»;\riuonv, in l\is livsl viows :nnl iinpnvssioMH, luid l>v liillnw 
 inu llioni lu» «';nu«' lucidly (o r«'Mi«l(f, (o wliicli inimlH dif 
 Irrontly siirtnl wouM nnivo onlv l»v ''l«>\v niul cinMnlnii^i 
 \notl\ods. 
 
 This Iwivniony ofliis monial powiM's wiis only hoiohtcnnl, 
 Mtul. :\s if woro, adniuMl by his nllooliouM, whit'li woir !i^ 
 oo\is(;uUlv oxovoi^Hl as hi« inh'Ucot. WliclhiM' il was IVi'in 
 liahil ov iVoni ovif^inal (ondoncios. (his joinl ('X(>nMS(M)|'(lu' in 
 (olltHMual and \\\ov;\\ \h)\\cyh was viMy v'onspiouous in him. Il 
 soiMwoti (o ho aiiainst (hi^law v>ri\is hoini; (o V('ii;ard or modi 
 (alo u}HM\ any (hinu a]>av( (Voni i(s moral iola(ions; wliilo 
 at (lio saiuo (imo ho ha»l (ho livolio.s( sonsihili(y (o tijilli, 
 rootidido. pvoprioly, atul whafsoovor is ^ood and lovoly, ainl 
 an ontiro nvoi\sion (o ovory thing ol'an «>|i|>OHi(o ohavao(oi. 
 
 Thoso hriof hints may proparc (ho way lor a moro parli 
 oular dolinoatiou of somo oC (ho foaluros of his charaotoi, 
 tlio dolnils ofwhioli aro suo;oos(od by i\w rocolloctions or.iii 
 intimato aot^uaintanooslup and an attontivo porusal ol' lii< 
 wvitini;-^. 
 
 The first and most obvious charactoristio to bo notiooil 
 is. the rcmarkiihl<: purity and si}))2)Jlciti/ of his mind. No 
 one who know him could tail to bo impressed with this tniit, 
 or to porcoive how strikingly it was in k:" >''ng with tin 
 natur.'^l delicacy of his perceptions and feelings, his reli- 
 gious principles and habits, and tlie rectitude, benovoleuco, 
 constancy, and decision of his character. 
 
IlKV. .rnHKI'M HIIIUH rnills'l MAH. 
 
 r.r, 
 
 tMMMHM'lion NMill 
 
 vvUicli luinilM ilil' 
 
 only )«oi,iil>t'^'»''''. 
 ,M. \\\\W\\ WlMO !»^ 
 u'tluM- it \V!»M I'nMu 
 
 toxcroi>*»* <»'*'>'' *" 
 Mouoiis in l»iin. It 
 
 to \VL!;in'tl or iut'>li 
 I rolatious; Nvhilo 
 Misibility to tnitli, 
 0*1 nmllovMy, ;ui>l 
 >|)osUo oUjiv.'kMoi. 
 V Tor !i more i^wti 
 of his cUuvaotcv, 
 rrooiloetions oTan 
 ivo povusul of lii^ 
 
 [stic to bo noticoil 
 of his mind. N>^ 
 
 Ised with this trait 
 k^'vv.ui; with tlu 
 feelings, his roll- 
 
 litudo, boiievolouco. 
 
 It \V!H nisy to iMicrivo tlint lii-^ iniii<l win rurlirK«I riti'l 
 ruiinl.-.l hy Jiis |.riii('i|.h'«, hh'I ritrirlinl with rf.n^midl 
 •f lews im<l MMSociiitiofH. Tim iiHHoiiiiitionH wliirli so luri^rly 
 Oociipi<Mlit, t.ikini' tln-ir ris.« IVom hmdiii-; <',l.iHm>H of ol.j«'<;tH, 
 won' lis if inoulilr.l imhI linnii(.iii/<'(l. one Huil ni'U'J nii<»f licr, mh 
 hU kiH.wlcd^d WMS rxtriidnl. TIhih liin innU) lor ridturul 
 SOiMirry, liin |>.>r(M-ptinii of the hriiiity ol' mnf«*ri(il it^'ycli*, 
 nmy he |(n«MUinr(l to liiivo |in'Hriitr(l tin! lirHi onjasioFi lor 
 thoi-stiihlislminit ul'ii claHM of jiMHociutioiiM, ilio pn-scrirc! of 
 which Wiis iinliciitcil hy Iiin <'ll'.»rt,s atdr.'iwiti;^' Jiii'l pfiintint^, 
 and which at a Hiihs* .jiKMit iMiriod tho iiiia<^irmtioii partially 
 bodied lurth in poetry. 
 
 Thrst' associations, douhtlcss, were Htreii^thcned hy tiuH;, 
 Ukd hy all those respecting other suhjecjts, which W( n; after- 
 Wards Torined ; for in hisinatur*! years he had hm <'X(juisit(5 
 Muse ot'liie heauly of the works of (injution, and conid with 
 hb iH'ii or pencil impart his vivid and accurate; perc(!plionH 
 and impressions to othiirs. Neithiir his natural simplicity, 
 his unsophisticate<l taste, nor the justness of his percep- 
 tions were inipaired hy the progress of time, the increase 
 of cares, or the influence of books and society. 
 
 At the most critical period of his life the divine influence 
 of reliuion was interposed to rej^ulate and sanctify his 
 purposes and affeetions, to supersede the love of art, and to 
 restrain the indulgence of imagination. A new world of 
 infinite interest and endless prospect was opened to his view. 
 Here was a supreme object of perfect excellence, and scope 
 for the exercise of every affection. The love and service 
 of God in compliance with the gospel became his ruling 
 passion, and his soul was bent on the purity, holiness, and 
 happiness of heaven. 
 
 In view of these observations, though they cast but a 
 
■'?»!■: 
 
 ■"^^'■rl^T^''- 
 
 ■i' 
 
 :t 
 
 .m 
 
 »( I- 
 
 "^•';i 
 
 I ) 
 
 66 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 feeble \\<^\\i upon the subject, it vall not, be thoiiujlit stranuie 
 tliat remarkable purity ami simplicity of mind is ascribed 
 to him. It lias been attempted rather to show how well 
 this trait comjmrted with his mental constitution and 
 habits, than to do justice to it as a feature of liis character. 
 It gave a charm and a lustre on the one liand, to his amia- 
 blcness and his piety as an individual, and on the other, a 
 dignity, and even a venerablcness to his character and 
 example, a« a teacher and minister of reliijion. It appeared 
 spontaneously in all his thouu;hts, vords and actions, in his 
 conversation, manners and deporttncnt, in the inJinacyol' 
 private friendship, and the enL!:ai';ements of public life. 
 
 This feiture of his mind may be observed every wliero 
 in his writings ; not only in those respects in which it 
 would be most obvious to notlee it, but in his method of 
 treating his subjects, not only in the absence of whatever is 
 incompatible with it, but in the simplicity of his views, and 
 the sanctifying tendency of his instructions. 
 
 It scarcely needs to be observed how great an advantage 
 lie enjoyed in this respect, over those who i.i early life give 
 undue scope to some passion, fall into some vicious habit, 
 or yield to the temptations of bad example; and whose 
 imaginations and feelings become vitiated and ungovern- 
 able. Even should they come to possess unquestioned 
 piety, the retrospect of such things must be painful, and 
 their influence will be likely in many ways to be pernicious, 
 notwithstanding the utmost eiforts to discipline the mind, 
 restrain the fancy, and regulate the thoughts and feelings. 
 Happy they who determine from their earliest youth reso- 
 lutely and perse veringly to resist every temptation, to res- 
 pect themselves and their immortal destiny, and to guard 
 every avenue to their minds against the intrusion of evil. 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIIUJS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 07 
 
 ou;j;lit, strrxni^o, 
 id is asoribeil 
 liow 1m)\v well 
 istitution i«n«l 
 lua clifiractcr. 
 1, to his atniii- 
 )n tlie other, :i 
 chiirjictor and 
 1. It appeared 
 aotioiis, in his 
 he iiuitnacy oi' 
 public life, 
 cd every where 
 8 in which it 
 I his method of 
 3 of whatever is 
 f his views, ami 
 
 lit an advantage 
 I early life give 
 i vicious habit, 
 )lc; and whose 
 
 and ungovern- 
 s unquestioned 
 be painful, and 
 be pernicious, 
 
 pUne the mind, 
 its and feelings, 
 iest youth roso- 
 uptation, to res- 
 y, j;nd to guard 
 iitrusion of evil. 
 
 Happy 
 
 thoy who know least of the evils wliich exist in the 
 
 [•world, wliose minds liave not lost tlieir native modesty and 
 idiffidenoe, and who L.ive not deceived tliemsclves, nor been 
 
 leceived by otiiers into the false and pestilent opinion that 
 'whatever is evil and corruptini.', to be hate<l and shunned, 
 
 needs only to be lieard or witne.ssed. 
 
 It occurs next to mention the prrvading uijlnencfof his 
 victji, as worthy of distinct consideration. 
 
 The spirit of Christian piety, of love to God, benevolence 
 to man, and univ rsal obedience, pervaded Ids character 
 and constituted the (slemcnt of his feelings, purpose.^ and 
 conduct. He exhibited i.i this respect a consistency ^.spf 
 character in all the relations he sustained, and the changes 
 lie experienced, which is lamcnttibly rare. It appeared 
 liot merely in his devotions and other religious exercises, 
 but in his constant walk and conversation, iiis habits and 
 tmploymcnts, his temper and deportment, his conscien- 
 tiousness, humility and self-denial, his prudence, consider- 
 atcness, and care to avoid even the appearance of evil. 
 
 Religion occupying the sources of emotion, the springs 
 of action, reigned in his affections and sympathies, and 
 stamped its impress on his opinions, habits, and manners. 
 No one could for a moment imagine it to be secondary to 
 any other influence or object, whether regarding him in his 
 individual, social, or public capacity. Far from consisting'- 
 in an insulated set of notions and feelings, to be called up 
 on certain occasions, it held a supreme sway, and was the 
 chosen ai\d all sufficient means of his happiness ; happiness 
 flowing from the state of reconciliation, the harmony ex- 
 isting between his feelings, desires and purpo.ses, and the 
 divine perfections, laws and requirements. Hence his de- 
 light in all the duties and exercises of religion, public and 
 
•^--^'^yOiH!-;'* 
 
 ii 
 
 i 
 
 ■ 1 
 
 i 
 
 1 " 
 
 i 
 
 1 
 
 
 1 • 1 
 
 .11' 
 
 ii ' ' 
 
 1 1 
 
 j:f 
 
 il ,; 
 
 '1 
 
 I'll 
 
 f! 
 
 i:f!r^li >, 
 
 :-i^!!| / 
 
 ' h: 
 
 GS 
 
 MEMOIR OF TIIK 
 
 |)i'iv;i(o, espocijilly in thiit of prayor ; and ilio uttor insufli 
 eioney ol' all other nicauH of otijoynieiit and objects of pur- 
 suit. 
 
 Thi) s;une order and simplicity prevailed in this respect 
 as in the rest of liis character. The tilings of religion lay 
 in his mind in their due relations, connecting the high in- 
 terests of the soul j;nd of eternity with the duties and 
 privileges of every hour; and with all their influence con- 
 straining him to have nothing else to do, no object of de- 
 sire or pursuit but to glorify God by active obedience and 
 patient suflering. 
 
 lie diligently studied the books of scripture and of provi- 
 dence ; and while his mind was entirely made up in regard 
 to the doctrines and requirements of religion, as well uj 
 the necessity of practising it in order to salvation, he felt 
 that to serve and glorify God by obedience, was aloiio 
 worthy the pursuit and consistent with the present and 
 future happiness of a rational and accountable bein^. 
 The great themes of revelation were present to his mind 
 in their connection with the glory of God, and the charac- 
 ter and destiny of man. An enlightened apprehension of 
 tho method of salvation, the wonders of redeeming love, 
 the intinite revenue of glory to be secured by the divine 
 government from the agency of creatures ; and on the other 
 hand, a lively and humiliating conviction of the prevalence 
 and the evil of sin, tiie miserable condition of the inipuni 
 tent world, and his own personal obligations to be holy, 
 and to lay himself out to diffuse abroad the influence of 
 Christian love, and the blessings of salvation ; such were 
 the solemn and heart-stirring considerations in view of 
 which he thought and acted. It was not the contracted 
 project of a party, nor any thing peculiar to a sect, that 
 
Lho ultcr insulVi 
 1 objects of pur- 
 
 l ill this rcspoct 
 vs of religion l:»y 
 tin-:; the high iii- 
 tho duties ami 
 eir iniluencc cuii- 
 , no object of do- 
 ve obedience and 
 
 ;uro and ofprovi- 
 lade up in regard 
 ligion, as well w> 
 salvation, he foil 
 iencG, was alone 
 the present and 
 countable being, 
 isent to his mind 
 I, and the charuc- 
 1 apprehension of 
 f redeeming love, 
 •ed by the divine 
 ; and on the otlioi 
 L of the prevalence 
 ion of the imponi 
 itions to be holy, 
 1 the influence of 
 ration ; such ^Yore 
 itions in view of 
 not the contracted 
 iar to a sect, that 
 
 RKV. .losKPir sTiims rnrusTMAs. 
 
 (If) 
 
 ■cnL'!VJ:cd his afTfctions and chnrantcrizod Iiis piety ; }»ut 
 ?that boundless phi'anthropliy, benevolence, and good will, 
 which was displaycid in the mission of the Saviour, and 
 whicii, thongh it cn>l)raccs the wh<dc universe, and socks 
 to reclaim and save tlie whole race; of man, and to didivcr 
 the world i'roni wickedness and misery, yet exerts jill its 
 dncrgy in the patient, humble, self-denying perforniance of 
 prescnk duty; it was that love whicli suffenstli long and is 
 kind, which envieth not, vannteth not itself, is not puffed 
 up, doth not bcliave itself unseemly, seekoth not its own, 
 is not easily provoked, thinketh no evil, rejoiceth not in 
 iniquity but rejoicetli in the truth, and never faileth. 
 Alas ! that this spirit should so seldom have a decided 
 sssd uniform sway, over the temper and conduct , that 
 religion should so seldom supersede all other objects 
 of regard; that the exercise of the affections in the 
 love of God and his kingdom, should not oftcner extinguish 
 selfish feelings, and confer that degree of pure enjoyment 
 and those bright anticipations, with which nothing would 
 willingly be permitted to interfere. Alas ! that apathy on 
 the one hand, and false zerl on the other, zeal arising from 
 errors and illusions of the imagination, disregarding the 
 facts and lessons of experienc>3 and the sober dictates of 
 good sense, and requiring novelty and extravagance, both 
 of object a!id method, — should ever usurp the place of that 
 piety, which, engrossing the heart, employs itself in the 
 plainest and commonest duties, and in unceasing efforts of 
 obedience to all the commands of God. 
 
 Another feature of his character deserving to be dis- 
 tinctly mentioned, was seen in the in/luence of his princi- 
 ples occr his conduct. 
 
 To say that he acted from principle, would convoy but 
 

 70 
 
 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 I :■,:! 
 
 :^liftMI 
 
 I.:;;! 
 
 il 
 
 
 a faint impression of what is intended. It seemed essen- 
 tial to his satisfaction to perceive and feel the obligation, 
 reason, or principle, in compliance with which he was to 
 act. It suited his views and feelings to dwell on, the laws 
 and precepts of the Bible, as rules of conduct of divine au- 
 thority and perpetual obligation. He delighted in the 
 law of God, and, in the performance of duty, derived 
 pleasure from knowing and perceiving that God, in his 
 boundless wisdom and goodness, required it. He had no 
 idea, as he somewhere writes, of happiness apart from holi- 
 ness, nor of holiness apart from intelligent obedience, the 
 doing of known duty in view of the true reasons for it, the 
 performance of right acts from right motives. Hence he 
 studiously gave to bis principles, and to the great truths 
 and facts of reason and revelation, all possible sway over 
 his feelings and conduct; and his mind rested on them 
 with unwavering confidence. And hence, what has seem- 
 ed strange to many, the perfect inflexibility of his charac- 
 ter, the constancy of his purpose, the firmness of his reso- 
 lution, when called on to meet any question of principle. 
 And hence, also, the independence of his mind, the cour- 
 age and confidence with which he investigated every sub- 
 ject for himself, and followed evidence wherever it led. 
 From what has already been said, the reader may easily 
 imagine how well he knew what constituted evidence, and 
 how much satisfaction the perception of it aftbrded him. 
 It was not enough for him that others believed, allowed, 
 or practised ; he was not content until he saw the reasou, 
 and his hands as it were handled the evidence. This witli 
 his love of truth, his reverence of the divine authority, and 
 his sense of obligation, guarded him against rash conclu 
 sions, and led him cheerfully to renounce whatever lie 
 
 '■'ill ■,' 
 
 .SHI 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 71 
 
 t seemed esscn- 
 I the obligation, 
 which he was to 
 well on, the laws 
 uct of divine au- 
 lelighted in the 
 f duty, derived 
 ihat God, in his 
 it. He had no 
 1 apart from holi- 
 it obedience, the 
 reasons for it, the 
 itives. Hence he 
 the great truths 
 Dssible sway over 
 rested on them 
 e, what has seem- 
 ity of his charac- 
 nness of his reso- 
 Ition of principle. 
 lis mind, the cour- 
 igated every sub- 
 wherever it led. 
 •eader may easily 
 Ited evidence, and 
 [' it afforded him. 
 relieved, allowed, 
 e saw the reason, 
 ence. This witli 
 |ine authority, and 
 inst rash conclu 
 ,nce whatever be 
 
 I found to be erroneous, and to adopt what he found to be 
 in accordance with the law and the testimony. 
 
 There was a directness and steadiness in his perceptions 
 and aims, corresponding to the integrity ami constancy of his 
 mind, which tended to give his principles a uniform sway 
 over his feelings as well as his conduct, and which allowed 
 no place to fickleness, ambiguity, or indecision. This part 
 of his character was advantageously manifested in the great 
 variety of his experience in the different situations in which 
 he was placed ; in the alternations of prosperity and adver- 
 sity, favor and opposition, ease and suffering, joy and grief. 
 There was that about his temper and deportment in these 
 diversified circumstances, which could not fail to satisfy 
 those who were intimate with him, that it was his reliance, 
 not upon feelings but principles, that sustained him, and 
 that he was not less under their sway and influence when 
 mnseen by mortal eyes, than when in the midst of society. 
 
 It were a salutary exercise for any one of kindred views 
 and feelings, to follow such a mind into its retirement ; 
 there, apart from the world to lay its cares at the foot of 
 the cross, and by faith in the principles and facts of reli- 
 gion, the truths and promises of the Bible, to converse with 
 the unseen world and worship God. The exercises and 
 ineditations proper to such an occasion, are adapted to trans- 
 form the mind, raise it above all selfish interests and pas- 
 sions, captivate it with the purity and benevolence of the 
 Gospel, and cause it to realize and feel that the yoke of self- 
 denying obedience and patient suffering, is the highest pri- 
 vilege and honor to be attained or desired on earth, by the 
 followers of him who loved us and gave himself for us. 
 
 In addition to these general views of h's character, it 
 remains to mention some particulars in which his example 
 was worthy of imitation. 
 
r 
 
 ■ti.:-; *<*<'-• 
 
 ll 
 
 f 
 
 !i ' il 
 
 f 
 
 7.) 
 
 4 mJ 
 
 AJKMOIU OK TllK 
 
 1. Tn ivir.'U'tl to llio hiadini;' ()l)jivt iiml purposo of lijs 
 lilV. 
 
 TIjo ono siiiL^lc objoot for wliidli lio livod, was /o '//ori/'i/ 
 (!o(f, l>i/oh<uiicn<'c to hU will. Thin lio kept in view in Jill 
 his plans, dosigns, jnul oH'orts. It, wM«()luHli(Mic(? as n iiial- 
 tor of personal and indisponsajjlo obligation, which inodilicd 
 and gave point to his purpose.s and (»x"rtions. 
 
 In ono of his acts ot'scU-deilicatio'iJjo thus hc<;ins : " I 
 devote niysoir to tlie i;lory and service oftjod:" and IVom 
 numerous indicati«>ns in his writings, it is evident that this 
 was the particular view which ho cherished, and to which 
 he constantly had reierence. Far IVoni considering reli- 
 gion a lucre matter of privilege to bo passively enjoyed, In 
 ielt the toiuo of those precepts which retpiirc universal atui 
 perjvtual obedience; and having cordially enlisted in tin 
 service 0'^ (lod, he surveyed the deld of etfort, considered 
 what was to be done, a'rd especially what ho was to do, and 
 aj)plied himself to the performance of his duty. 
 
 lie was aware that the purpose for v.hich ho lived recpiir 
 ed not only labor, perseverance, patience, and faith, but 
 likewise self-denial, and a constant warfare with the power> 
 of evil. Nevertheless, lie chose it, and continued to choose 
 it, with all the efforts and sacrifices it involved, and wa^ 
 never more disposed to abound in effort and self-denial, 
 than in the last weeks of his life. IIo closes the sermon 
 preached a fortnight before his death, on the advantages oi 
 Clnistianity, already referred to, with the following sen- 
 tences : 
 
 " Christianity is all I want. It meets my case as a sin- 
 ner, as a sufferer, as an immortal being, as a creature ilo 
 sirous of happiness. It supplies every want, anticipate? 
 every desire, fills the soul, and in uie end saves the whole 
 
UKV. JOSKIMI STIHIIH ClIIllSTMAH. 
 
 i-> 
 
 n\irt)()SO <»l Ills 
 
 was lo i/l>>i'>J'il 
 ^i in v'u^w in !>11 
 ilicuco :»s n miil- 
 ^ wliich niodiU»Ml 
 
 1ms l)0}::;inM : " I 
 Ijod:" and IVoiu 
 evident, ilwit this 
 ^a, and to whit'li 
 considorii\x; »"*'^'- 
 ivoly onj«)yo(l, lu' 
 iro univovaal ami 
 lly enlisted it» tin 
 eflfort, conHidcrod 
 ho was to do, antl 
 
 duty. 
 
 ich ho lived lequiv- 
 |co, and faith, but 
 irc with the powers 
 |)n tinned to choose 
 involved, and \v;i> 
 ■t and self-denial, 
 Iclosca the sermon 
 
 the advantages ot 
 Ithc following son- 
 
 my case as a sin- 
 as a creature do 
 want, anticipates 
 [d saves the whole 
 
 lan. 1 :im r;itinn;il!y and fully coiivinceil hy its <'vi- 
 lenc(!. I liclirvc llie pronii.soH of thin holy hook, tlic word 
 of (jod. / vH/ ii'uhl mijsvlf in oUdicnrc to itn jnrrr/>lH. 
 I will (In nil/ iilmoiit (liroiKjk lift', tunprnid itn (riinnp/iH. I 
 will hope lor its consolations in tlio darkest ni^dit of sorrow; 
 and in tiie dissolution and wreck of nature I will cliri^^ to 
 this last i>lank, assured that it will carry mo tiirou^h the 
 (Wr^n 11 f^ billows, to tlie peaceful shore of eternity. So may 
 il be ; an<l to (lod sliall 1)0 ^'lory evermore, through the 
 merits of (he liamh that was slain." 
 
 Tliis siiii;l(Mi(ss of })urposc had many advantages. fn 
 genc.-al, it \vit liut one (juestion to be determined, namely: 
 What was it his duty to do? Its paramount sway and 
 influence tended to counteract and prevent the risinr^s of 
 «olfishness, to exelude all sinister views and objects; and to 
 Itmd him to study and imitate the example of the Saviour, to 
 itnbibe his spirit; to dwell on the design of his mediaU>rial 
 work and government, and constantly to renew his deter- 
 mination, whatever course otliers might pursue, to do all in 
 his power to advance the interests and honor of truth and 
 righteousness. 
 
 It was in comformity witli liis object and liis views, that 
 he was ever anxious to perform what he undertook, in the 
 best manner he was capable of. He spared no pains with 
 respect to matter or manner, cither in his preparations, or 
 in the performance of duty. He kept his eye steadily on 
 his object, as conscious of the divine inspection, and anxi- 
 ous to be accepted in aU that he did. He took great pains 
 to discipline his mind by systematic studies and exercises ; 
 and that he might neither lose any time, nor be unprepared 
 for his public services, when his state of health would not 
 permit him to write, he often dictated his sermons to an 
 
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 74 
 
 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 amanuensis. There arc among liism ''uscripts a consickr- 
 ablc number which were written in t' .s wuy, cliiefly wh> i 
 travelliii'j; or at ^ome place ot'tempora*'/ pojourn, and when 
 such efforts, though doubtless in his c inioh Tcry necessary, 
 must have been very diffi^^iil' These sermons do not appear 
 to bo .nferior to those generally wliich he wrote himself. 
 They bear all the marks of his habits of thinking and his 
 style of composition. 
 
 He likewise, when feeble and depressed and in danger of 
 growing inactive and useless, was in the habit of readin<; 
 EucHd daily, and other works of similar tendency, in order 
 to sustain and preserve the powers and tone of his mind. 
 
 Finally, his view of the object of life and his sense of 
 obligation led him to urge upon c.hers the immediate per- 
 formance of their duty. He was perfectly assured that thi 
 gospel, as the means of the conversion and sanctification of 
 men, was designed and every way adapted, by its authority 
 and its array of motives and sanctions, to produce present, 
 immediate effects ; and he preached it under that con vie tioi; 
 and for that end, with all earnestness and fidelity, urgiiii- 
 instant compliance with its requirements. The followini: 
 passage on this point is from the close of one of his sermons. 
 "On the means of Grace," and will, it is presumed, be 
 read with interest. 
 
 " There arc two methods pursued by ministers auJ 
 professing Christians in their directions to inquiring sin- 
 ners, one of which is unwarranted and therefore dangerous. 
 the other is scriptural and therefore safe. When thost 
 who pursue the first method arc asked by any one, Wb^ 
 must I do to he saved? they tell him to repent and believe. 
 and so far correctly. When the sinner replies, that Ik 
 cannot do it, they tell him ' to pray to God to give him : 
 
 ai 
 
UEV. JOSEPH STILBS CIIRIST3IAS. 
 
 ^ .) 
 
 pts a consider- 
 L', chicfly wluii 
 ,urn. and wl^cu 
 Ycry necessary, 
 ns do not appear 
 i WiOte lumself. 
 hinking and his 
 
 xTid in danger of 
 iiabit of rcadini: 
 ndency, in order 
 ne of liis mind. 
 
 and his sense ot 
 le immediate per- 
 iy assured that tk 
 d sanctiiication oi 
 \)y its authority 
 produce present. 
 ,cr that conviction 
 d fidelity, urgin;: 
 s. The following 
 me of his sermons, 
 t is presumed, ^^ 
 
 by ministers and 
 Is to inquiring sin- 
 Lrefore dangerous. 
 
 afe. When thos. 
 [by any one, W/t;'' 
 
 repent and believe 
 Icr replies, that li^ 
 JGod to give hiur. 
 
 !!• 
 
 h^'ixYi for it; to continue in the use of the mo. ^ in the 
 hojM' tlifit he sliall find grace; to lie at the ,k A of the 
 Ordi anc'cs until the Spirit shall descend to Lies.; iiim.' 
 
 *' Now this counsel given to an in<juirer, dlrccth/ tends 
 to sfij/c. Jiis convictions, is a virtwil rclin«juishncnt of 
 Ood's cidim on the heart, is an iticonsistent direction to 
 <|p ichut is as difficult as repentance itself, a ad is contrarif 
 t^scriptund direction and scriptural example. 
 
 " Such a counsel directly *nnds to stifle a shiacr's cou- 
 vibtions. llis conscience uas eon disturbed. He feels 
 the force of God's dcman...- u.p u.; hi.' love and obedience; 
 apd it is an unwillingn, .s t< comply with tlie.-e demand.s, 
 acd a .sense that he mupt if no would be saved, that wrings 
 h)'? heart with anguish. >Tust at this time his spiritual 
 guide, instead of pressing home his obligations, tells hiiu 
 tb ' use the means, and lie at the pool, waiting (Tod's time.' 
 Glad to catch at anything rather than immediately comply 
 with them, he uses the means, and prays and reads, and 
 readsand prays, and thinks he is now doing his duty. His 
 conscience is relieved, his distress disappears, and he con- 
 soles himself with the thought, that if he is not saved it 
 will not be his fault. Thus are his convictions quenched 
 and his fears allayed, by saying ^)C((Ci?, peace, when there is 
 no peace. The temporary relief thus afforded is the rea.son 
 why such preaching and such directions are so welcomed 
 by the unrcgencrate, and why it is called such hard doc- 
 trine to preach immediate submission, a circumstance which 
 sometimes solicits a minister to waive the plain dealing- 
 of truth. 
 
 ** In the next place, such a direction is a virtual relin- 
 quishment of God's claim on the heart. When the sinner 
 objects to the go.spel injunction to repent, that he ^cannot ' 
 
 If' 
 
\I'M 
 
 1 1 
 
 76 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 he is only oxpivssini; lii-> repu^nnnco to tlio dut}'. It is 
 not tnu! that ho cannot, in a'.y othiT sonso tlum that lie 
 >ri/l not. To direct liinj tlicn to * u.se tho means/ in or<l( r 
 to 5j;et perchance a better heart, is to allow that the olijectinn 
 is valid. Of consequence it follows that (lod has no ri^dit 
 to make such a demand, and the sinner is under no obliira- 
 tion to comply with it. The point in crmtroversy hetweeii 
 (}od and the sinner, viz., his claim on the heart, is con 
 ceded to the sinner, and his spiritual guide authorizes liim 
 i'or tho present to render something else and somethiiii: 
 less than his heart, viz., an attendance on the mcan.'^. ; au- 
 thorizes him to continue a little longer in rebellion against 
 God, authorizes him to cherish his heart of enmity until 
 God shall give him a better. 
 
 '' In the next place, such a direction is inconsistent, for 
 it calls on him to do what is as repugnant to the sinner's 
 feeling as repentance itself. It is presumed that no oiu 
 who gives such a direction, would advise the sinner to 
 read and prny and liear in an unbelieving and impenitent 
 manner. Uut to use these means with penitence niul 
 faith, implies tliat he has already done the duty which tin 
 direction evades. 
 
 ^' A-ud finally, such a direction is contrary to scriptural 
 instruction and example. The Bible nowhere admits that 
 the sinner cannot comply with his duty. It nowhere 
 directs him to use the means of grace in order to get a 
 heart to repent. It fearlessly directs him to repent, takiui: 
 it for granted that he can if he will, and there it leave; 
 the matter, and there it leaves the sinner to meet the con- 
 sequences of impenitence. 
 
 '' In accordance with this is every direction given to 
 sinners by the preachers of holy writ. Isaiah says, Wasl 
 
IlEV. JOSEPH sTinns ciiristmah. 
 
 77 
 
 lie duty. It i^ 
 \Q than tluithi! 
 luoanH,' in or.lir 
 lull the oltjceti.-n 
 ;o(l lias no ri^l>t 
 under no obliLra- 
 troversy bctwicv. 
 tic heart, h ecu 
 ,c authorizes huii 
 c and «oiaethi!'.;i 
 1 the means ; au- 
 L rebellion against 
 t of enmity until 
 
 3 inconsistent, for 
 .nt to the sinner's 
 imed that no one 
 ise the sinner to 
 ig and impenitent 
 Lth penitence and 
 le duty which tlio 
 
 Itrary to scriptural 
 Iwherc admits that 
 [uty. It nowhere 
 in order to i^ct a 
 h to repent, takiiv: 
 nd there it leaves 
 Ir to meet the con- 
 direction given ti 
 Isaiah says, iVas^i 
 
 on, m<ikr. i/on cfr'in, put <iwnj tini (vil <'/ H'fitr dnhi^s, 
 ^ce>is>: tn ,/o n-:/, hjini to do veil. I ft' ciilU Upon the 
 ^U'kiul vian In Jormki' his wit/, and the unrighteous ihxil 
 his thoiKihfs. JcrcMiiiah calls upon b:ickslidors in Lsratl f'> 
 itircnmrisr thnmdces to thn Lord, mid tn/c> (iK-'iy thr fon- 
 tkinn f»/ fh> ir h nirts. Ezckiel says, Cast (iimij from yon n If, 
 your transtirrssitms, whereby/ yd have offcndal, and mahr 
 you a ncAO heart and a ncvi spirit.. .Joel calls upon sinners 
 io danir(M' to turn unto the Lord with all their hearts. 
 John the Haptist came preaching in tlic wihL;rness, saying, 
 Repent ye, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. When 
 the Ilcdecinor bei,'an to preach, he said, Rrpent ye, f>r (hr 
 kingdom of heaven is at hand. Tlic apostles, in their 
 prcachinu', made the same unqualified doniand of imme- 
 diate repentance. When the three thousand on the day of 
 Pentecost, said, Men and brethren, vdiaf must \vc do 'f 
 the only direction the apostle gave them was, Repent and 
 he baptizid, every one of you, for the remission of sins. 
 On anotlu.T oce;ision he said to the multitude. Repent ye, 
 therefore, and be converted, th'it your sins may be blotted 
 out, James says, Cleanse your h inds, ye sinners, and 
 purify your hearts, ye double minded. In all these in- 
 stances there was no allowance made for the moral impo- 
 tence of sinners. The duty of sinners was pointed out, 
 and the obligation enforced ; but there was no direction to 
 pray to get the disposition to do their first and immediate 
 duty. Nor dare we, if we would conform to apostolical 
 example, pursue a different course. 
 
 " If it be said that this places sinners in a hard case, 
 we reply, that they cannot be placed in any different situ- 
 ation until they repent. It is the situatio their own 
 impenitence places them in, nor can any relief be warrant- 
 

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 li 
 
 li II t' 
 
 M . I 
 
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 78 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 P m 
 
 ably iziivcn until tliey do repent. The gospftl lias not u 
 word of encouragement until you do this; and when tiri> 
 is done, it is all mercy, and there will be time enough t. 
 ofter the balm of its consolations. There is no by-road to 
 heaven, there is no entrance to the udrrow way but by tlv. 
 nt might gttf''. We must exhort you to repent and believe 
 the gospel. "We dare direct to nothing as a substitute for 
 this, to nothing which implies its procrastination. For 
 there is no time to lose. The next resolve may be, Cn> 
 him down, (ch-i/ cimihcrcth he the ground. The next dis- 
 covery of the sinner may be that he is in a world where it 
 is too late to repent. Our next meeting may be at the kr 
 of God, where you shall not have it to say that you wcri 
 directed to use the means and wait God's time, instead o: 
 immediate repentance, and a cordial surrender of your 
 whole hearts to your Creator, Benefactor, Redeemer, an,'; 
 Judge." 
 
 II. There was much that is worthy of imitation in hi 
 views of doing good,— of the manner of exerting Ms agent 
 so as hoth to ghrifg God and benefit his fellow-men. 
 
 It has already been observed that the principle of hi 
 « cnduct was obedience to God. It was in complianc 
 with this rule that he endeavored to do good to his fellow' 
 men. It was this, in distinction from mere sympathy an 
 feeling, and from all personal, w^orldly, and tempori 
 motives, and in distinction fromamereimitatioi, of other; 
 and from that indifference and listlessnes which affects t 
 regard the good result to be accomplished by action, wlii! 
 the obligation of the agent, the principle in obedience t 
 which acceptable actions must be performed, is ovorlooke. 
 or disregarded. 
 
 He took a wide survey of the condition of his folloi^ 
 
REV. .lOSElMI sTinns rimiSTMAS. 
 
 79 
 
 ospftl lins not ti 
 ; and when tlii> 
 time enough to 
 is no by-voad to 
 way but by tk 
 cpcnt and bcUovi.' 
 s a substitute for 
 rastiuation. For 
 olvo may be, C/C 
 d. The next div 
 [\ a world wbcrc it 
 ; may be at the bat 
 say that you \vck 
 's time, instead ot 
 lurrender of youi 
 ;or, Redeemer, m 
 
 of imitation in /li 
 exerting Us agent 
 s fellow-men. 
 he principle of lii- 
 was in complianc 
 ) o-ood to his fellow- 
 mere sympathy an; 
 dly, and tcmpora 
 imitatioi of otlieii 
 les which affects i 
 led by action, \vb. 
 pie in obedience t: 
 )rmed, is overlooks 
 
 lition of his follow 
 
 .creatures and of tlio divine dispensations towanls tlicni. 
 4)Jut while ho re.Lrardod man, in the relations he .sustains to 
 tlie moral law, tho i^ospel, and the retributions of eternity, 
 as presenting an object of unspeakable interest to every 
 bcnovdlent mind, and as claiminj^ unlimited benevolent 
 exertion, he I'elt that the supremo and primary rule and 
 aim of every action must bo to obey and glorify (iod. 
 With the utmost solicitude for the renovation and salva- 
 tion of men, he felt how narrow was the sphere in which 
 his own agiuicy could be directly employed to benefit them, 
 and how liable he was to cause or be the occasion of detri- 
 ment ; that his doings must be limited to prayer, and the 
 presentation of motives to their minds, to persuade and in- 
 duce them to obey tho gospel, while a thousand opposing 
 influences were at work, and the period of probation 
 rapidly passing away. 
 
 It was with such views that he prepared for the pulpit 
 —•for the offering up of prayer and supplication, and the 
 presentation of motives in his sermons. It was with such 
 views that he estimated tho motives to be presented by 
 hia manner, his temper, his consistency, liis whole de- 
 meanor, and felt how incompatible it would be witli his 
 design, and liow repugnant to the influence of the Holy 
 Spirit, for him to act out of character in these respects. 
 
 • With his views on this subject, his acute sense of re- 
 sponsibility, and his conscientiousness, it can be no wonder 
 that it was a well considered and cardinal point with him, 
 in every attempt to do good, to beware of doing or 
 occasioning harm. To do souic cvii by rashness, negli- 
 gence, or some other fault hi matter or manner, while 
 endeavoring to do good, was no more cor:- stent with his 
 ideas of obedience, nor any more excusable in his view of 
 
 >>* 
 
 m 
 
 i 
 
*MU<£; 
 
 . ^TTlfflWIiTiWF 
 
 SU 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 I 'lJ i 
 
 ol)li;.!;;itio?i, tli.in to do or cause the likc^ (nil without i\uy 
 suoli (Mulonvor. Ilo w.is in tliis, :\s in oihrv rcsjioctn, lii,- 
 owu sovcMVst cvnsor, aiul liad too clear a view ol' Inn olili 
 nations, tlie relatiouM of Iuh coudurt, and the sphere In 
 was to move in. to deceive hiinsi'li' in Ihi^ ni.ittcr. It 
 were needless tt) sny how iar removed \\v was in tliis jKirf 
 ol' iiis eharacter IVoni tliose who merely lullow tlio h!iii<l 
 impulses of feeling, and the dreams of unrestrained ima«:i- 
 nation ; and wliose activity atid onjoynuMi ts, indifTcrenci 
 atid Ljloom, alternate as their feelings are exhiiarati'd or 
 depressed. The fourtli, fifth, and first ten verses of tin 
 sixth chapter of Paul's second Kpisllo to the Corintliians, 
 mav be referred to as exhilutinir in the most sirikinu: man- 
 uer, the model on Avhich as a Ciu'istian and a minister In 
 was forn\ed; as happily portrayini:; tlic motives and rules 
 which actuated auvl governed him •, tlic views ho enter- 
 tained of his personal and otlicial obligations and dutic.«. 
 and of his place and relations, as a. responsible agent co- 
 opcnting v;ith God; the experience ai which lie largely 
 shared, the holy alTcctions, the exalted liopcs, and diviiit 
 joys, which filled his soul and raised him above the world. 
 Whoever shall study and enter into the spirit of thnsi 
 chapters, will understand liis views of doing good mi>i\ 
 perfectly than they can be desoribcd. 
 
 The nature and province of moral influence constituted 
 a favorite subject with him, and claimed a large share ol 
 study and reflection, which doubtless aided him in the 
 acquisition of the clear and definite ideas which he liad ol 
 the attrib'-..es of moral agency, and of the nature of obli- 
 gation, of virtue or holiness, and of sin. lie was favored 
 by the possession of an unusual share of common senso, 
 and of mat practical wisdom, aptitude, and judgmciu. 
 
 ^ .y 
 
RKV. jrtsErii RTiims crmrsTMAs. 
 
 HI 
 
 nil witliout ajiy 
 irr r(>s]iccts, lii- 
 MOW ol' his oltli- 
 
 tin: splioro lit 
 Ills iu;it,t,or. It 
 w!is in tliis ]Kut 
 
 I'ollow tho blind 
 restrained iniaui 
 Ills, iji(lilToreuc( 
 V cxliilaratiMl (H 
 ton verses ol' tin 
 
 tlie (^)rinthi:uls, 
 lost slrilving man- 
 nd a minister h 
 notives and rules 
 p views he enter 
 itions and dutic^^. 
 K>nsible agent co- 
 diich he largely 
 
 lopes, and divini 
 
 [vbove tho world. 
 
 le spirit of those 
 
 oin<j; good mon 
 
 lenco constituted 
 a large share ot 
 ided him in tin 
 which ho had ot 
 \e nature of obli- 
 
 lie was favoreil 
 if eoninion sen?o, 
 
 and judgmcin. 
 
 wliii'li adlirrrs closely to facts and principles, and selects 
 :|lie lic-t means fi)r the attainment of ends. It was by 
 tirtue (.1' these (|ualities that he knew so W(dl how to adapt 
 himself to cv ry dcfscription of persons, and how to con- 
 Vincf ami persuade; them by exciting an ajipropriate exer- 
 cise <»f tlh'ir own minds, assisting them to el«ar and just 
 perceptions ol' their character, accountability, and duty, 
 and presentirjg the requisite motives. 
 
 He cordially a])proved, encouraged, and promoted, the 
 great objects f.f evangelical benevolence, and was ever 
 ready to ren<h'r tlieni the utmost service in his power 
 There are among his papers a dozen or more addresses, 
 whieh weri! delivered by him at public meetings of IJible, 
 Missionary, lOducation, Tract, Sunday school, and other 
 '»*>rieties, besides a number of brief sketches and references 
 ■'J other f-iniilar addresses, and several sermons upon thf- 
 Bftmc subjects, lie was among the earliest and most 
 efficient promoters of tho temperance reformation, which 
 he continued to aid by his cxan],ple, his voice, and his pen, 
 to the close of his life. 
 
 His attention to tho subject of missions while inquiring 
 an to the path of duty for himself, and after elioosing and 
 having in view a missionary life, awakened an interest 
 which never subsided. Tho wretched condition of the 
 human race, tiie unlimited resources of the gospel, and the 
 duty of those individually and collectively, who have expe- 
 rienced its blessings, were continually before hi.s mind ; 
 and he regarded with intense interest the missionary 
 service, and those events of Providetico, and movements 
 of the (liurch, by which the cause of redeeming mercy 
 "was advanced. 
 
 III. His diligence and his great and persevering efforts 
 to accomplish what he. undertook. 
 
.•ff't'MI!' W"'^ 
 
 M: 
 
 '^ 
 
 M^ 
 
 Mi'MoiM (>»• nir 
 
 
 r\«'r|'< \\\'\{ (hrli- U ( 1 nliliM" t\\\\\ fJV^'li'MI i\< lii'i i MiIi'ImI i" :iM. 
 
 in»!»t^lvv. 1( v\ 1'^ liu » liMi" lin>i« liit jurtchcf mI llic iln , 
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 in <1><' n\(i'\\(l, nn«| i.i -^luMi'lt in ti\nn>'Hi':il nnli'i lit. 
 
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 l^inunlm irl'ov.nh'i' (o l>ookM nnd lUtvini <•! |Mt'|>;n ;)l mu I 
 
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 <>n<»Mv,l uyy^w r\.'v\ wndrvl.'iKin'v will* ;» ilvoiin Mm 
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 •.\\\\\ 1^ lu^ (t\hlin>\ ol>)o«'l unil ]Mnpi>-i(> win In j'loriry (Ji>. 
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 v.now.ti :)\\y\ yvo{\:wic\\ \'\\oy{, sO(>ino<.l lo linvf no ii-niltiir 
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 his \\\\i\ -Mul luwvhly tlolij^htin*:; \\\ \i. \\ \v;r< :i |i;n( of l; 
 svsiom <>> mriko >':ro;ii Mud )HM'S(n»Min>': olVovIs io M('oont|ilr' 
 
 l\ . 1( '.nonis io bo oon\u\(M\ior;»<0(l us mh o\on).|tl;in 
 pr;^oti*v in liini. <hn( //r iihtkid /or, <h'sin<l ,i)uh\\'ju'ri<uhl< 
 hrViiicioJ rtsni/s o/' his pv.iprrs •>?)./ fy/oj/s, /'o/A Imr ivi 
 
 Ho \io\vo,l liis ^^^vn n;;vnoy 0(|nnlly with olhor ohjcvls. i 
 iJs oonUiV'iions :nui ivl;\ti»>ns; and ils known or MnlioijKito 
 \vsn't'« woiv tho vwwsion i>r S(M"i*>ns tlio\ich( nnd soliciluti 
 As nn nooountnblo ncvnl. aiui vm-wovKim- with (Jod. ln' p 
 u."" suoh nu\-in ostiuiato on his pr«yors an^l i^!h>r(s, as iol 
 
iii;v I'f^r.iMi ;iiiin>^ < fiiifKi >rAM. 
 
 
 M mid m»v'''i'" 
 
 ^ Iml III' li;nl 'I'Mi. 
 i,-\it"<l '>nl<'« til' 
 
 ,M j.» In- t iMnI, Xi' 
 ' !\ lilvi" v<>\ i" w 'I 
 ImIui<> nml im'M. 
 
 1\ .1\<I 1»" «ln ill' 
 
 q(!int'''M. !»(ul will 
 ol |Mt')vn nl n»u I. 
 
 » ,l\li- 'nl. An I' 
 (if lii > o)tli«',;<(i'Mi 
 
 l\;n <* H>» Icntli'iii' 
 
 1 MM to wllMl W. 
 
 \v;\( n \y\\\ <'l I'i 
 
 ,/ .())(/ 4'.Vp''l't<il il 
 
 'j/s, /'<>//' /"')■<' '"' 
 
 ih otl\(M- «>bj«v(s. i' 
 lown «M- ;nUiiMp:iK 
 i;v]u MUtl solioilnil 
 r with (Jo<l. lu^f. 
 
 \\\y\ (MloVtS, MS !>'. 1 
 
 Jnillll.l. lit III till II I'M < III HI dlhlM' «'»(Ht;< '|ll' liM I 'I lilMl 
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 lilij I'Vjii rliilii.ii (.r fi. !iii(vi-;l, lli'i<'WHt; ;i »Iim » t f|( • -i nii'l 
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 fill con viTsinii lie Ii,'ii| Itccri inMlrMrn<ri(,:il. 
 
 HiH HcntinirnlH !m.l rrijin;"! in rdiition l'» llii', yu\>y':\, 
 will bo Ih',;!, cxliibiti'd by IJk! lollovvin;.^ [;UKfi;i;';'::i from u y.'-.r- 
 mou wliicli li(« prcMclic'l in iMnnfrcfil, in May, lXiJ'"5, jn.Ht 
 boforn lii^ lin.'il ili-fifirhirc^ rntilji;'!, (Jliri '.f i;iri l'.r;w«r'j«, 
 Iroin lln" Icxt, " lOvcry in.'iri kIimII hmjcivc liin own r'wnrd, 
 aooonlinL'; 1(1 liis ovvfj l;ibor." Having' l!ir;/fJy f;^,t„'if<li-'}.«:'J 
 the (loclrirH! cuntMiiird in thiH j>;iHHfi ;/;(;, li<; tlnjH proc';';<jH : 
 
 " 'JMic (bi(!lriri<' (.f tlic; profiortional rcwurd', of t},'; 
 righteous, llius tuu,i!;lii hy ho ni;iriy [jUHHfJL^cH of rcripturf;, 
 oominciids ilscirto our understand iii;^s by many ro-'iHonafdc 
 flODsidor!i<ioiis. 
 
 ** If labor liei«;btcns tlnj (;njoymcnt or,-ub,-/jfjii';nt n-poH(:, 
 if the bitter givea a Iiit^lier relibli to tlie hwoet \v}ii/:h huc- 
 
'!'11 
 
 Him 
 
 ■f*- ^TL***' 
 
 i ! 
 
 'lilfi 
 
 .m 
 
 m 
 
 SI 
 
 ifK^ioiu or riir. 
 
 !i! 
 
 ooods it. aihi if saiictiliod alllictioiiM work oul, lor us ;i dr 
 luorr ox«'oo(linLi; ami oionial woi.u;lit of glory, llicn it (n] 
 lows tliMi W whoso labors have boon Ibo groatoHf-, iimst di 
 nooossity oiijoy a rost- tbo niost rofrosbinir, Hial. Iio wlioIi;i 
 tnsl(Ml mosi, oj'llio bittor, sball drink of swo(>tuoss llio iimst 
 dolicions, and ho who has ondiirod (ho most alllioiimi Cr 
 Chrisl. shall bo inunortally stroni;- lo boar tlui most v\ 
 roodini:; and olornal woiirht orL!;lory. 
 
 ''Again, if a largo ingrodiont in (ho ha|)|)in(>ss ofhoavoi! 
 consist in an ox(juisito sonst^ of tlu^ divino apjjrobalidn 
 thon lio wlio has (ho most faithfully and nocoptably ^orvni 
 (lod in his day and gonoration, must, in iho consoioustn'r 
 ol' that, havo tjio largost nioasuro of happinoss. Aini 
 again, as a high and rofinod sourco of our njolciiKj, i 
 the tci^tiino)}}/ of our co}isr.iencc, ho whoso conscionco lik 
 tho apostlo's can tostify, that in simplicity and godly sin 
 cority ho has liad liis conversation in tho world, and li;i 
 jKM'sovorod in a patient continuance in well doing, musto; 
 course enjoy the most exalted degree of spiritual happiiioj' 
 in lioavcn. 
 
 Besides this, the eminently lioly man will, in tlie fiitu; 
 world, liave a higher satisfaction in witnessing tho goe: 
 ('//'(V/.s'of his devotedness to God. Here, the seed sooiii 
 ol'tcu to be sown in vain, and patience appears to roup 
 tardy h;u'vcst ; — there, it will be seen that no labor in tli 
 Lord w^as in vain, that no sincere effort was ever Tn:ul 
 without in some measure glorifying God, And when a 
 the seed shall have sprung up, and all the harvest shall 1 
 gathered in, tl\e holy will have unspeakable satisfaction; 
 the review of their instrumentality in carrying forward '} 
 groat designs of heaven's mercy to man; — and then .^t 
 he whit has sown most seed, come rejoicing with the large' 
 
RKV. JOSEPH STIims (lirmSTMAK. 
 
 
 „rlv out I'M- UH M 111 
 
 r ^lory, <l»*'n il I'^l 
 \\o «!;ro!itoHt, must nt 
 
 un«r, tli!^* 1'*' wl»<'l>'' 
 >r s\voo,tnrHS tb*' nx'^' 
 W most .Mnriction I'nt 
 o boar Uio most ix 
 
 johuppinosM oflu'iivn 
 D divine :»pvvo1):itioii 
 
 t, in tlui consciousinv 
 of happiness. An' 
 •e of our rrjoiclni)^ i 
 ; \viiosc conscicnco lik' 
 ^iplicity nnil -odly sin 
 in the world, mnll" 
 in well (loin-, must' 
 of spiritual happiiu- 
 
 man will, in ibe tutu; 
 n witncssinii; tbo lio.' 
 
 Uoro, the sccdsooiiv 
 cncc appears to ru;»[ 
 3en that no labor in t1: 
 J oiTiU't was ever mal 
 ^ God. An.l when ^ 
 ""ivU the harvest slmll' 
 5peakable satisf^iction: 
 
 in carrynvj; forward t' 
 man ;— and then ^l> 
 
 cioicing wiUi the lar? 
 
 leaves : —and in witru'ssin,!^ these glorious rcHultf, shall 
 men/ ni'iit rccciv*: /lis oini rcwtnl acordhifj to Inn oir/i 
 
 " l>y this arran^onient, the IMost Hi^di, whiles lie has 
 abased til jortiness of man, and exalted hiniHelf by fi way 
 of salvation, not by works but by u:raee throuti;!! faith, and 
 that not of ourselves, but as the i^ift of (iod, does, at the 
 same time, show his love of lioliness and order, l)y this 
 mark of his approbation upontite woodworks of liis aceeptr- 
 ed children ; and thus throws into the scale of virtue, not 
 only heaven itself, but tlie various de^^rees of Iieavcn's 
 glory. And this is no more than what we mi^ht expect 
 him to do. Thou^li tlic fi;reatest and least .sinner be boili 
 and alike saved t!iroii;^}i jj^race abounding by tlie redemp- 
 tion that is in Christ, yet it is noihinginore than what we 
 might expect, that he who hiH fn'on eminently useful and 
 holy here, should be eminently happy irj theworld to come. 
 Is it not reasona^'le to supj »se tijat I'atd (he iigcd, who 
 had spent his life down to irray hairs in unceasing exer- 
 tions for the cause of Christ ; that raul the Apostle, who 
 long sustained tiie responsil ities and discharged the ar- 
 duous duties of that statior that l^aul the nifirttjr, who 
 had been tlirou;r!i a life of rii, in deaths oft, and at last 
 closed his coirso on the ffold, should take a lii^dier 
 place, and wear a biightc rown than the infant of days 
 thiit has just lived, and, a .lOut sustaining a responsibility, 
 or enduring a conflict, hit this world for a better ? 
 
 Having answered some objections to the tendency of the 
 doctrine, he closes with the following remarks : 
 
 ** 1. The 'loctrine of proportionate Tcv:ar(h mgjcsfs to 
 us the reason vhy a long li/l is desirable. 
 
 ''To an unconverted man, concerning whom it remains 
 
ff 
 
 r^'frirt""-'""""— ^•' -•■ ' 
 
 lifl 
 
 8G 
 
 :\IEM(>IR OF TifE 
 
 I 
 
 4 ;.:; 
 
 I ii H:; III 
 
 I il 
 
 Q 
 
 to us yet an uncertainty, life is only vaUuiblc as it incroa:<L,s 
 the chance of liis beinii; converted. To a converted ni:iii it 
 is desiralile, not for the happiness lie here enjoys, lor In 
 would be unspeakably more blessed in heaven, but as ii 
 aifords him an opportunity of actinji; for Cod, and lay in:; 
 up treasure in heaven. On this account it is worth liiv 
 while to forep;o a little present pleasure, for the sake of aii 
 immense addition to liis future felicity. On this account 
 alone it is a f^reat misfortune to die young; and on this iii- 
 count it is, that the lioary head is a crown of glory ir/un 
 it is found in (he way of riyhfconsncss. 
 
 "2. This doctrine suirgests to us the importance oj 
 our 2^^'Cficnt conduct. It instructs that every action wi 
 perform will be followed with consequences reaching 
 through future ages, and will have its influence in dctor 
 mining our place in heaven, or our place in liell ; for tin 
 same plan in proportion will extend to the punishment oj 
 demerit as well as the reward of virtue. Every day 
 we live has its influence on all our future days, every 
 chord we strike will vibrate through eternity. How dili- 
 gent then should we be that we be rich toward God ! If n 
 merchant, when he is loading liis vessel for a foreign. 
 market, were assured that he should receive fivefold for every 
 article he freighted, how anxious would he be to improve tlu 
 occasion, and store his vessel to the utmost of her capac 
 ity ! How much more anxious should we be to have our 
 lives laden with holiness and crowded with usefulness 
 knowing as we do that upon our arrival at the shores ol 
 eternity, we shall receive for it all an unspeakable reward, 
 
 If a husbandman had but one field, which but one year ii; 
 the course of his life brought him a harvest of gokl. 
 how diligent would he be to improve his seed-time, and u 
 
RFA'. JOSKI'H STIiniS (MIRIST.MAS. 
 
 87 
 
 ilcf.s it incre;i.>(> 
 3onvcrtcd uiiin it 
 •c enjoys, lor lu 
 leavcn, ))ut as ii 
 r,o(l, and layiii:^ 
 t it is worth lii^ 
 or the sake oi" ;iii 
 On tliis account 
 r ; and on this !\(- 
 en of glory vlun 
 
 he importance oj 
 every action ^^■l 
 pences rcachiiv. 
 nlluencc in dctov 
 G in hell ; for tlu 
 he punishment ot 
 uc. Every day 
 ture days, every 
 i-nity. How dili- 
 [toward God! IF:- 
 ;cl for a foreign. 
 c fivefold for every 
 be to improve tk 
 ,ost of her capac 
 c be to have our 
 vrith usefulnc?^ 
 1 at the shores of 
 ipeakablc reward 
 .oh but one year in 
 harvest of goW. 
 seed-time, and t( 
 
 jlavc every vacant incli of the ground cultivated ! Sucli a 
 ield in such a year is man's existence ; his life uiton earth 
 ii the seed time ; and a harvest more glorious tlian one of 
 gold shall bo gathered in heaven ; and - whatsoever we 
 sow that shall we also reap, both in quality and quantity, 
 let us he diligent to improve every inch oi' ground, to fill up 
 every moment of time, for in due season wu f'liall n^ap it' 
 we fuijit not. Oh ! if a pang of regret might enter heaven, 
 if the sigh of sorrow might swell the bosom of a glorified 
 spirit, it would be to look back on earth and see opportuni- 
 ties of usefulness neglected, means of grace abused, tlic 
 godlike })rivilcge of doing good unembraced, and the seed- 
 time for eternity spent in comparative idleness! If you 
 might by diligence i**' one single day make yourselves 
 comfortable and resi,';.-.iblc for life, would you not gladly 
 embrace tlie opportunity? But is not eternity as nmch 
 longer than lite as life is longer than a day? and is it not 
 the lictatc of interest to be strenuous through life in 
 promoting your interests for eternity ? Therefore, my 
 beloved brethren, be ye steadfast, unmoveable, always 
 abounding in the work of the Lord, forasmuch as ye know 
 that your labor is not in vain in the Lord." 
 
 V. He presented an edifying example, as a good man 
 subjected to severe trials and suflferings, who, while strug- 
 gling against temptation, trouble and discjuragemeut, held 
 fast his integrity, persevered in his endeavors to glorify 
 God and promote the happiness and salvation of men, and 
 was sustained by a lively faith in the divine testimonies 
 and projnises, and the aids of the sanctifying Spirit. 
 Whether contemplated in his closet, his pastoral labors, liis 
 solitary hours of illness, or his deep afflictions and repeated 
 errands to the tomb, when every tic to earth was sundered 
 
M^MUa.ti\^..^'M>!J* "w .A »' )■% Wk m<VaKi/"A>«v'K'^^ 
 
 ss 
 
 MEMOIll OF THE 
 
 ■'iff: 
 
 iSm ;|] 
 
 1; 1 ' <i 
 
 
 ami the world was cnicifnHl to him and ho to tlio world. ;; 
 perfect assuraiuv may bo folt,that amidst all Ins lotudiiics^, 
 itiiin, and sorrow, the insidicas approaches and hufletiiiL'v 
 v>f temptation were resisted with all the eneriijies of his soul. 
 These i^^riefs and troubles, t*o far from diminishin<_'; his con 
 fidoncc in Ood, Ids sense of obligation, and love of duty, 
 heii^htoned them, and <;ave vividness to Ids perceptions dt 
 the evil of sin, tin; divine excellency of holim;ss, the j^ldrj 
 of God, and the ])urity and blessedness of th(5 hcavetdy stiito. 
 He confided with childlike simplicity in tlio care of Di. 
 vine rrovidencc. llis writings abound with indication? 
 of this, and his experience strikingly manifested the con 
 stancy and sufficiency of that care. If we consider liini ;ij 
 a youth born and brought up in what miglit then 1j 
 termed almost a wilderness, witli few connections, and ap- 
 parently surrounded by no circumstances calculated t 
 arouse his genius and prompt him to aspire to high attain- 
 ments, influence, and usefulness, but on the contrary, nioi 
 at every step by obstacles and discouragements, whicl 
 would have proved insurmountable to an ordinary miLul, 
 if we consider him rising superior to these difficulties, nc 
 «|uiring a classical education, and exciting admiration bv 
 the development of his powers ; and when qualified bj 
 his studies, and by the experience of religion, to choose an 
 employment for life, we behold him deliberately preferrinc 
 the service of his Saviour in the sacred office, cncounteriu. 
 fresh embarrassments, in the way of a preparation for tha: 
 object, aiming at a high standard of qualifications, <i: 
 length succeeding in their attainment, exhibiting a brislit 
 thougli brief career of ministerial labor and usefulness, ris- 
 ing to eminence in the discharge of his public duties, ani 
 exerting a wide and valuable influence ; and finally, after 
 

 M 
 
 REV. JOSEPH sTinns christmar. 
 
 81) 
 
 L> to the world. ;, 
 nil his lotK'liiu'ss. 
 38 juul hulVctin;:> 
 crii;ios of his soul. 
 linishiiiL'; his cmi- 
 lul lovo of duty, 
 lis perceptions of 
 loliucss, thc;j,l<try 
 Jiehcavcidystuto, 
 in the euro of I>i. 
 with indieiitioib 
 i\iuiested the coiv 
 jTo consider him :i« 
 it ini«:ht then V 
 lunoetions, and ap- 
 ices calculated U 
 lire to high attaiii' 
 the contrary, im' 
 raii^einents, whicl 
 |u ordinary iniLul, 
 ;hC difficulties, ac 
 no: admiration by 
 hcii qualified by 
 .o-ion, to choose an 
 eratcly prcferrir. 
 ice, cncountcriD; 
 leparatiou for tluv. 
 qualifications, at 
 Ixhibiting a brigbt 
 id usefuhiess, ris- 
 ublie duties, ani 
 and finally, afto' 
 
 lliduring severe trials and Hufferinj^s, from loss of health 
 Ind th(! bereavement of all hia family, we witness his 
 il^nquil departure in the joy of the Lord, we may well re- 
 gard him ashaving richly experienced the care of Providence. 
 We may regard him as having been brought forward by 
 an unusual series of events to exert an important agency in 
 relation to the salvation of many souls, and by his labors 
 and afilictions to be early prepared for the pure services 
 and enjoyments of the heavenly kingdom. 
 
 To those who were intimately acquainted with liiui, who 
 knew his amiablcness, his sincerity, modesty, humility, for- 
 bearance, kindness, benevolence, and all those kiiidred 
 traits and qualities which were so blended in his charact'^r 
 and shone with so steJidy a light, and who at the same time 
 appreciated his endowments and qualifications for useful- 
 ness, and his attainments and experience as a minister of 
 the gospel, it seemed desirable, not indeed for his own sake 
 but for others, that his life should be prolonged. And 
 there was a single reason why longer life was in his view 
 to be desired, namely as " aiFording further opportunity of 
 acting for God, and laying up treasure in heaven." And 
 may it not with propriety be asked, in view of the charac- 
 ter he had formed, and on supposition that health had 
 been added to his gifts and attainments, and his life 
 extended to twice or thrice its period, who can ima^-ine 
 what would have been the extent of his usefulness ? Had 
 ho continued proportionably to exemplify the fruits of right- 
 eousness, and to grow in knowledge and in grace in after 
 years, as rapidly as he had done in those of his active pub- 
 lic exertions, who will venture to imagine to what an extent 
 he would have glorified God, and promoted the temporal 
 and spiritual welfare of men ? But divine wisdom and 
 
 G 
 
fi^ . '-T' "♦^ 
 
 I) 3 
 
 1 'If i 
 
 I i 
 
 um 
 
 
 ;:'Pmi 
 
 
 90 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 goodness required liim in another sphere ; and it remain? 
 for those who survive, and especially those who are youriL' 
 and have healtli, to fill up, as it were, the measure of lii« 
 usefulness, and accomplish what, with their opportunity, ht 
 would have done. 
 
 In view of his character and history it were natural t 
 })rin!j; into comparison those of different classes of men ; t 
 contrast witli his their attainments, their supreme object, 
 the manner of exerting iheir agency, the extent of theii 
 obedience, and their hopes and prospects for eternity. Bu' 
 this nmst be left to individuals, to ministers and laymen 
 to those wlio love and obey the gospel, and those wli 
 supremely love the world ; to those who survive of lii; 
 own age and acquaintance, and those who are about t 
 come forward upon the stage of life, to exert their agcnc: 
 as accountable creatures, and form their characters k 
 this and the future world. Among all these there suril- 
 will be some who will be aroused by his example, some wL 
 will be induced to aim at higher attainments in knowledge 
 virtue, and usefulness ; some who will strive to acquir 
 in a like degree the chief excellencies of his characti: 
 who will be incited to cultivate his exemplary habit 
 and like him to avoid offences, and abstain from the ver 
 appearance of evil. And will there not be some vik 
 in view of his brightening upward path, will look baci 
 with painful regrets upon their own past history; soi: 
 perhaps of his acquaintances, whose hearts will sink withi: 
 them as they follow him to the last scene in which he a; 
 peared on earth, and feel that he is gone to realise the pur 
 perfect, and endless happiness which his faith and hot 
 had anticipated ; while they, not having entered upon tl 
 same path, perceive no ray of light in their own prosper 
 
 .4"^ 
 
RKV. .lOSEni BTIBBS flllllSTM AS. 
 
 01 
 
 1 t 
 
 i 
 
 and it remain- 
 J who arc youni: 
 ) measure of hi; 
 f opportunity, In 
 
 , were natural i 
 lasses of men ; t 
 r supreme object, 
 c extent of tliei: 
 ["or eternity. Bu- 
 tters and laymen 
 1, and those v/h 
 ^ho survive of lii: 
 who are about i 
 exert their agcnc; 
 |ieir characters fo: 
 these there sunl; 
 example, some wi 
 icnts in knowlcdst 
 1 strive to acquii 
 of his characte 
 exemplary habit 
 itain from the ver 
 lot be some wt^ 
 th, will look U 
 :ast history; son 
 [rts will sink ^vitiii. 
 ,ne in which be a; 
 to realise the pur 
 is faith and hoi 
 ,g entered upon t: 
 their own prosper 
 
 ^nd keenly feel their unfitness lor a better world, and all 
 icir dos?')liitoness and misery, when a just view is for a mo- 
 nent forced uixm their minds, of the emptiness and vanity 
 •of the objects to which they are devoted. If there be one 
 such, the voice from the <lead yet spoakin? to him is, •• Turn 
 while this impression exists, and with all your licart obey 
 the gospel, for wliy will you die ? " 
 
 Again, in view of his life and character, a life so brief, 
 and yet s<) expanded with usefulness and promise, and a 
 character so mature in Christian experience, and in quali- 
 fications for the duties both of public and private life; we 
 are called on to giorify (Jod for his great goodness to him 
 personally, and through liim, to those witli wliom he was 
 more immoiliately connected, and to the world. He expe- 
 rienced much of the divine favor in every period of liis life; 
 and at the close of it, nmch of the providential goodness of 
 God, and much of his mercy, his .-ipiritual inf.uciice and 
 sanctifying grace. It pleased God in a conspicuous manner 
 to shew forth the riches of his love and kindness in him, and 
 to make him the instrument by his example and his active 
 exOTtions of great good to others. His example was in all 
 respects remarkably pure and truly Christian ; an'^ no evi- 
 dence appears in any of his writings, or in the recoi.. tions 
 of those accjuainte 1 with him, of any thing of evil tendency, 
 any thing calculated to excite prejudice against religion, or 
 be an occasion of stumbling and reproach. On the contrary, 
 it was the character of his writings, and of his temper and 
 manners, to conciliate the feelings, and win the confidence 
 and respect, of all who came within his iriflucnce. There 
 was a simplicity and godl} sincerity ever beaming forth in 
 his spirit and deportment, which testified of that wisdom and 
 grace which are from above. The reader will see in this, 
 
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 •«*> 
 
 *> 
 
 ^ 
 
 !> 
 
 <^ 
 
 

 '. I 
 
 I ill 
 
 ;1,!t 
 
 92 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 eause for devout and admiring gratitude to the gloriout; 
 Author and Source of all good, to the Saviour and the Sane- 
 tifier of nten : gratitude that he was kept and shielded from 
 fatal snares and temptations of sin and evil ; that he was 
 awakened to pereeive his sinfulnesA and ill dessert ; that un- 
 der the influenee of the word and spirit of God he turned 
 from sin to holiness, obeyed the gospel, and devoted himself 
 to the glory and service of God ; that he was enabled so 
 happily to exhibit the Christian spirit, to exert an influence 
 so benign on all around him, and was the instrumeat of so 
 much good to others; and that living and dying he enjoyed 
 the love of God and the hope of eternal life. 
 
 In the contemplation of his history likewise, it is obvious 
 to consider how much with such a character may be effect- 
 ed within a brief space of time. The whole period of his 
 active usefulness, after he received license to preaeh the 
 gospel, scarcely exceeded five years; yet, by consecrating him- 
 self wholly to his work, and in a spirit of simple dependence 
 on God, earnestly aiming and desiring to accomplish much, 
 and, in short, by making the most of his time, his gifts and 
 faculties, his acquisitions, his influence, his prayers, his faith, 
 and his hopes, he effected and was the means of great and 
 permanent good in different places ; exerted a wide and sa- 
 lutary influence, and exhibited a character and an example 
 alike creditable to religion and beneficial to man. Had be 
 aimed at less, and given but a wavering and divided atten- 
 tion to his great object, his life, had forty years been ad- 
 ded to it, might have been less valuable to himself and the 
 world, than it has actually been. While considering his 
 high aims, and the constancy of his purposes, the writer ha; | 
 been reminded of what was related to him some years ago, 
 by the lute Rev. Dr. Byland of Bristol, respecting the pccu- 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 93 
 
 liar development of character, and superior attainments and 
 usefulness, of his early associates, Carey, Fuller, SutcliflF, 
 Pearce, and others ; namely, that when they were obscure 
 and without either learning or influence, they agreed toge- 
 ther, and resolved, after much consideration of the state of 
 the world and of the cause of religion, to endeavor by the 
 utmost efforts in their power, respectively *to make the 
 MOST OF LIFE ;' to make the greatest possible attainments 
 in holiness, and to glorify God and benefit their fellow men 
 in the highest possible degree. In pursuance of this resolve, 
 one of the leading objects, which appeared most important 
 to be undertaken, and which best suited his character, was 
 referred to each, to be the engrossing object of his exertions. 
 To Carey it was assigned to lead the way as a missionary 
 to the heathen— to Fuller, to exert his great powers as a 
 biblical student and theological writer — to Ryland himself, 
 to occupy the distinguished office of training young men for 
 I the gospel ministry — to Pearce, to rouse the public mind to 
 the subject of missions, &c. The extraordinary attainments, 
 influence, and usefulness of these individuals was, without 
 doubt, owing in a great degree, to the high purposes and 
 aims which they thus solemnly resolved to pursue with inde- 
 fatigable constancy and zeal through life. 
 
 Finally, this memorial may be fitly closed by adopting, 
 
 I'with slight accommodation, as appropriate to the subject of 
 
 [it, some brief extracts from what Fuller and Ryland have 
 
 recorded of their friend and associate, Pearce, by whose 
 
 [death in his thirty-third year they were greatly afllictcd. 
 
 '' By the grace of God he was what he was ; and to the 
 
 lonor of grace and not for the glory of a sinful worm, be it 
 
 recorded. Like all other men he was depraved. He felt it, 
 
 md lamented it, and longed to be freed from sin ; but cer- 
 
 m: 
 
 [\ 
 
 ^ ' !i 
 
 m 
 
Ill i 
 
 01 
 
 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 »'1!':^ 
 
 • 
 
 ^ , 
 
 tainly, takinjj; liiin altogether, wc have seldom seen a charac- 
 ter * whose excellencies were so many and so uniform, and 
 whose imperfections were so few.' We have seen men risi 
 hi.i;h in contemplation,whohave abounded but little in action. 
 We liave seen zeal mingled with bitterness, and candor do- 
 gcncratc into indifference ; experimental religion mixed witii 
 a large portion of enthusiasm, and what is called rationni 
 religion void of every thing that interests the heart of man. 
 We have seen splendid talents tarnished with insufferable 
 pride, seriousness with melancholy, cheerfulness with levity, 
 and great attainments in religion with uncharitable censori- 
 ousness towards men of low degree; but wc have not seen 
 these things in Christmas. 
 
 ** There have been few men in whom has been united a 
 greater portion of the contemplative and the active ; holy 
 zeal and genuine candor ; spirituality and rationality ; talents 
 that attracted almost universal applause, and tho most unaf- 
 fected modesty; faithfulness in bearing testimony against 
 evil, with the tenderest compassion to tho soul of tho evil 
 doer ; fortitude that would encounter any difficulty in the 
 way of duty without any thing boisterous, noisy, or over- 
 bearing ; deep seriousness, with habitual cheerfulness ; and 
 a constant aim to promote the highest degrees of piety in 
 himself and others, with a readiness to hope the best of the 
 lowest ; noi breaking the bruised reed, nor quenching th" 
 smoking flax." — * Fuller's Memoir.' 
 
 " One thing I will say, which I could say of very few 
 others, though I have known many of the excellent of the 
 earth, that I never saw or heard of any thing respecting him 
 which grieved me, unless it was his inattention to his health, 
 and that, I believe, was owing to a mistaken idea of his con- 
 stitution. If any of you know of other faults belonging to 
 
Ry.V. JOSEPH STIDDS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 05 
 
 him, be careful to shun them, and be sure to follow him 
 wherein ho was a follower of Christ." — * Dr. RylaniVs Ser- 
 mon' 
 
 I 
 
 [Tie Discourse on Christian Intercession^ referred to on 
 page 28, the Discourse on the Nature of that Inability 
 which Prevents the Sinner from Embracing the Gospel, 
 the Farewell Letter to the American Presbyterian So- 
 ciety of Montreal, and an extract from the Annals of the 
 American Pulpit, arc successively inserted in the fol- 
 lowing pages.] 
 
 I 
 
 '•:!] 
 
 I 
 i 
 
 ON CHRISTIAN INTERCESSION. 
 
 if 
 
 ^^ Making mention of you always in my prayers.^^ — Rom. i. 9. 
 
 The most careless reader of the epistolary correspondence 
 of the apostle, cannot fail to remark how often he speaks of 
 praying for others. Has he been instrumental in planting 
 an infant church, and does persecution drive him fi-om his 
 beloved charge, with what affection does he commend them 
 to an over-present God ! Does intelligence reach him of the 
 prosperity of some distant society of believers, with what joy- 
 fulness he bows his knees before the God and Father of our 
 Lord Jesus Christ, to thank him for the news,aQd implore upon 
 
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 96 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 his fellow ChristiaDS a larger measure of the riches of grace ! 
 The extent, frequency, and fervor of his irtercessions, will 
 surprise any one who shall he at the pains of examining 
 the various hints which we have of his performance of this 
 duty as they lie scattered in various parts of his writings. 
 Scarcely a letter of his which does not give express assur- 
 ance that they to whom it was addressed had an interest 
 in his daily prayers. Even Philemon, a private Christian 
 in a distant country, was not forgotten. Nor was it ttose 
 only whom personal acquaintance had made peculiarly dear 
 to the apostle, for whom he used his influence at the throne 
 of grace. Churches he had never visited, cities he had ne^er 
 seen, find a place in a heart which a divine philantrophy 
 had enlarged to contain the world. In a letter written to 
 the Roman Christians, many years before his feet had ever 
 touched the shores of Italy, he thus speaks : *< For God is 
 my witness, whom I serve with my spirit in the gospel of 
 his Son, that without ceasing I make mention of you al- 
 ways in my prayers." 
 
 Permit me, then, to urge upon your imitation this amiabh 
 trait of that holy man's character, by suggesting a few ob- 
 servations on the happy effects which the performance of 
 this duty would have upon our own minds, and the blessed 
 results which might be expected on the minds of those for 
 whom we pray. 
 
 Though this is one of the most noble and disinterested 
 parts of devotion, I trust there is no impropriety in com- 
 mencing by a few remarks on the happy influence which 
 the right performance of this duty would have upon our 
 own selves. 
 
 We who as dependent creatures are so destitute ourselves, 
 can have little to bestow upon others. The keys which 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIDBS CHRIST3IAS. 
 
 97 
 
 unlock the treasures of happiness, are in hands mightier 
 tlian ours; and however we may pity the sufferings, or 
 wish to relieve the necessities of others, all that we can or- 
 dinarily do, is to refer them to the same source whence our 
 blessings flow. A wish is mostly all that we can give : — 
 God is the source of ail blessing. A wish directed to him 
 is a prayer : — hence, the most natural and commonly the 
 only way we have of giving expression to benevolent feel- 
 ings, is by praying for others. And though in doing this 
 the benefit of others is our main object, yet we ourselves 
 arc not left without a blessing. The duty is doubly blessed; 
 it is blessed to him who asks, and in him who receives. 
 To exercise benevolence in this manner is to increase 
 bcRevolcnce. To increase benevolence is to increase hap- 
 piness; for what larger ingredient is there in happiness 
 than benevolence or love. That man is not the happiest, 
 all whose solicitudes are shrunk up within the narrow com- 
 pass of his own little self, but he who loves much, and whose 
 affections light upon many objects. The extension of his 
 affections does not imply their weakening : these are waters 
 which spread without becoming shallow. A parent can 
 love each of the whole circle of his children, with as in- 
 tense an attachment as he did his first born. We are not 
 to suppose that our feelings are capable of rising only to a 
 certain pitch and must there stop ; they may be multiplied 
 as fast as there are lovely objects, and rise in height as long 
 as new loveliness is unfolded. How boundlessly then 
 may the soul expatiate in the attributes of Jehovah I He 
 who regards every child of Adam as a brother, has a foun- 
 tain of pleasure which is sealed up to the hater of his spe- 
 cies. He who uses most of this fountain, will have waters 
 the most pure, abundant, and refreshing. Benevolence 
 
 '•I 
 
 il! 
 
 H: 
 
 ii*j 
 
 
 
II' 
 
 US 
 
 MF.MOHI OF TUF 
 
 lon( loolinivR in oxoroiso nro noMo, mtMlliing rtmhlolJ^hUnl 
 S\u'h is (ho luoro tf'MUTal oporniimi of tlio duty upon wlii» ,i 
 1 itisisl. A low of itH moro pnrtiiMilnr ndvania^oH hn- 
 \v.>v(l\ nwM»tiouini»;. Ami, 
 
 1 It crojitly fuvmitfrn /riiUiUhi)}. Whnt ir.or*^ likely 
 moans \^^ stron«:tboii our pooi.'ii ntt„iohn»oni«, tlitm d.'iy nflci 
 *l;»y to MSMooi.-ito thoni with onr li«>liof»t loolin^jM, and inin^li 
 t]\on\ with our l>ri,u;htost hopop ? Tho l»rivr|>t(»r ol)joctH ol 
 liortvon i]\Yo\\ n ploaf«ing tint on tho d.'irk lantlsonpon ol 
 oarth. InjproKsions thus ropontod, a iViondHhip tluiH Hanc 
 titiod. oan Ik noithor trauRiont nor grovolliufz;. hulood. it 
 is liani to soo how friondf«hip oan bo satiHlaotory and otnn 
 ]^loto without roligious hopos. Two companions doHtitutc 
 oC rolijxious hopos. arc like two travollorH who arc thrown 
 toiivthor in a public convoyanoo. Thoy journoy togctlxM- 
 i\', ,. "^hor* luno. and then part without the expoetation ol 
 over nuvtioi: airain. If the shortness of life docs not prcvonl 
 nnioh in! iniaoy among irreligious acquaintances, the speedy 
 separation oi' death .uust produce a regret unrelieved by 
 hojH\ Hut Christian pilgrims indulge the expoetation (^i 
 mooting in one common place of everlasting repose. Their 
 hoavon is a !«oeial heaven. The company colloeted will 
 be all the trulv excellent who ever have lived or ever will 
 live upi>n the earth. Even here, though a rolling ocean 
 ;\nd r.ingos of mountains separate them, they may moot 
 .•\rounil the same mercy-seat. They may even so adjust 
 thoir interocssions that the wings of the same moment shall 
 carry their mutual supplications to the car of the prayor- 
 boaring (lod, This branch of devotion has this advantaszo 
 alxn-e nil others, that the movements of faith are secoudod 
 nnd stimulated by the warmtli of natural affection. 
 
flF.V. .lOWKPIf HTIflllR ClIfllf.TrMAH. 
 
 99 
 
 : 
 
 Uural affection. 
 
 Too oOcui wr dH' <'oI(l nnd hIiik^jhIi, wo lio hooulirnul in ft 
 cniMlititMi iiiorc irkMoriu) Minn tin* iiirhiilimon of tlio ioiripoHt. 
 No HOdiior, liowcvcr, iK> wn bo^in Ruppliofitin^ for ilenr 
 friondH, llwiii tin' oonln of niroction Im'^mh Im tlrriw ; fr^lin^ 
 stnrtH fioiii i(^ HiniiiborH, nnd a brisk ^iiio PiIIh nil our wide* 
 rxpniubMi miilH. What linB boon naid may (tnnblu um to (<h- 
 liiimto bow c^iT^ioiiHly tbry rrr wbo objoot to tbo gospel, 
 that it doo» not countcnancu Uio cultivation oF friondMbip. 
 Wlioru will you fuid a nion? doli^btful pioturo of albf.'tion- 
 ato intnrcourH(> tlinn that which Luku bnM drawn of titc in> 
 torfii'w lM'two(M« (lur Saviour atid tbo two diHciplos on tbisir 
 way U) l<]funjaus? Whore, I would ank, in all liHtory, will 
 you find Huob itiHtancoH of noblo and Bolf-sacrificirjg friend- 
 ship as auioiifj: tbo primitive boliovors ? 
 
 '2. The dilif^ont performnnoe of the duty of intoro(!SHion 
 would bo an olfoctual antidote to all nn/ialloipcd irscJit- 
 inv.nt. 
 
 Ilo who risoR from the suppliant attitude in which ho 
 hail just boon confessing bis own unwortbinoss and iinplor- 
 inf]; blossinj^s on others, cannot feel disposed to throw poison 
 into the cup of their happiness. And oven if his employ- 
 ment on his knees ImH failed to kindle in his heart that 
 ardor of good-will to all which ho ot^ht to feel, yet the 
 mere desire of consistency will prevent him from throwing 
 about the firebrands, arrows, and death of slander. The 
 purity of many a reputation, a quietude of neighborhoods, 
 and the kifidnoss of domestic intercourse, arc among the 
 blessings flowing from the performance of this duty. 
 
 3, It would greatly increane ministerial usefulness. 
 
 If the minister of Jesus Christ, like a faithful high 
 priest, first appeared before the mercy-seat in the most 
 holy place, with the names of the twelve tribes engraved 
 
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If rw 
 
 100 
 
 MKMOIIl OK TIIK. 
 
 Upon IiIh lironnl )>lnto, lio would, wlioii lio iMiino i'orUi iiiwl 
 i«to«ul Itolorn (lioooii^ro^iiiioi), furl iiii iMiliirgnnoiii oriicnrt, 
 n (loNiro orMoHMintr tlio puopio, wliioli would impart n spirit 
 luul f\ pndioM (o ir ' ii![)poiili4, nnd give hoiiio rotiNon (o oxpnM, 
 ti»o liord'H blofisin^. And you, my broihron, wIm» oomo up 
 liithor, if your oIohoIh nnn ioHtily timt you hrivo p.oviounly 
 boggod of t.bo liord ibui your miuintvr might romo lorlh 
 in <bo powor of KlinH, in Iho fulnonH of gosprl bloHHin^H, 
 oould yo, think you, altor Huoh a proparation, join with n 
 hollow formnlity.in iho cxeroisoH of pniyor nnd pniimi, givo 
 n cnrolosH n\u\ distrnct^Ml ntt<'ntion io iho pulpit oxoroiwH, 
 nnd thou go ottjpty nwny withoul fooling a Hoorot diHsntis 
 taotion. 
 
 'I. Tho praotioo of (^hri^iian intorooHsi«^5'. would anitnnto 
 us <o more dilig.MU'o in promoting ihobonolHof our follow- 
 mon . 
 
 \C an ang('l from hoavon woro to ovorhoar t)»o coldo^t 
 prayer wo over uttor, from an honost intt^rproiutinn of tho 
 language used ho might conclude that wo woro just ripofor 
 tho transports of paradise. But wo, alas I know tho con- 
 tradiotion which subsists botwcon our oxpn^ssions and 
 fcolitigs, i)ur prayers and our livoH. Stiil, without devo- 
 tional exercises we should Ih3 yot moro destitute of holy 
 emotions. The same good elFeot, wo may expect, will follow 
 the practice of praying for oihora. To pray for the poor, 
 iho alllicted, the unconverted, and then bo unwilling so 
 much as to lift a linger in their behalf, is a contradiction 
 too gn^ss to be imposed upon ourselves. To commend to 
 the bounteous Giver of all good thoso sutTorcrs who arc 
 now feeling all the sad variety of woe, and yet leave the 
 widow's cruise of oil to bo supplied bj miracle ; to beg 
 tJiJit the day-spring from on high may break upon those 
 
IlKV. JCmRPil HTnillH (,'IIIIIHTMAM. 
 
 101 
 
 initio lorU) luiil 
 rriiKMit oi' heart, 
 I inipiirt 11 Hpirit 
 
 rOtlNOll (O OXfMMM 
 
 in, wtio (M>ii)o \i)i 
 liMvn )i.ovinuHly 
 li^hl romo Ibrtli 
 
 on, join witli n 
 mul priiimi, give 
 pulpit oxoroiw'H, 
 a H«»on>t <liH8«li» 
 
 pro! lit ion of tlio 
 
 voro ju(*i ripofor 
 know tho con. 
 
 ^xpnvMsions and 
 , without dcvo- 
 
 ustituto of holy 
 >cct, will follow 
 
 \y for the poor. 
 JO unwilling 80 
 a contradiction 
 commend to 
 fforora who arc 
 i yet leave the 
 miracle ; to beg 
 ak upon those 
 
 who aro Hitting in the region and very Khadow of death, 
 and yet Im> unwillifi^ to throw our HUfHTfluoun mito into 
 tlio iiiixxionary troaMury, in an irn|M)nition too ^roHH to bo 
 piiiyt'd oil with fonifort on our own hoartu, do(»)itful an th<!y 
 arc. IntorcoHHion will oithur niaku uh oharitahlo, or avario*^ 
 will clip iho wingH (»f intcrcoHHion, and ihuH ftrovcnt itH 
 lofty Hoarini^H. Yet not to Htand up with tho conwjr of in- 
 torccHHion hotwcon tho dyinjii; and tho dua<l, not to fool, like 
 ^ood old Kli, an anxiouH intoroMt for the fate of the ark in 
 the eontoHt i^oin^ on between tho powers of li^ht arnl dark- 
 ness; not to feel an undiHHenibled charity towards all our 
 bnithren and conipanionH in tribulation and in tho king- 
 dom and patience of Jchuk ChriHt, who are everywhere 
 scattered ahro.ud through tho world ; not t*) do thiH were 
 nt once to relin(|uiHli our OhriMtian hopeH. Your love of 
 the duty upon wliitdt I am in.sisting i.H a te.st of tho nin- 
 cority of your pi(!ty. 
 
 One ohservation more before T (juii thin topic. A pecu- 
 liar ble.s,sin<j; is promi.^ed to those who take nmch interest 
 ill the proHptirity of Zion. Pnii/ for the peace of Jerusa- 
 laUf says the PHahnist, all they nhall proHper that love thee. 
 It has been found by experience that those churches which 
 have done most for the missionary cause have been most 
 remarkably blessed of tho Lord. It is wor.iiy of recollec- 
 tion, that in a certain district of the church in this countrv 
 the tokens of tho Holy Spirit's presence had for some 
 years been almost withdrawn. A number of sermons 
 were, by the direction of the Prcsbytc y, preached to excite 
 their attention to tho subject of missions, wlien contrary to 
 expectation, each of those sermons was accompanied by 
 the divine influence and blessing. Let us then be stimu- 
 lated to the duty of ardent intercession by all those bless- 
 
 
 i'i 
 
 ji 
 
 rill 
 
 1, 
 
 ■m 
 
 1*1 
 
 if 
 
 
r ]r * 
 
 102 
 
 MKMOIU {)}' Tlir. 
 
 i ^ 
 
 in^fi \\\\\v\\ wo niny <''tp«vl it will «lru'v tlnwii upon imr nwn 
 Noulf*. 'IMioHo, lliMiit^li ^rojil, vory ^ro?»t, fonMliliHc, howpvi'r, 
 |)Ut >i fiiiimII ]>»r( oC tlwit ImmIj oriUMtivi* wliidi mIiouM iiii|i(| 
 Uf, liko so njMny Isnu'lH, <<• wn»sll(» willi (J<mI until Iii< 
 ^r\\\\\ iif u MoMMinjr. TImt i« but a nu»,'ip;n> ficcoiiut tif IIk 
 lnMiofiis of |>rayiM' wliioh roHtrirtM i\\v\\\ to llic jrood oIl'tTi 
 wliioh tin* iiuM'o |MMronn!iM(M> of i)io<luly Iiiis upon ourw^lvcM 
 Tl\is sooptii'al viow of (ho Hul»joct woultl «miI all (ho nerve** 
 ofoxordotj, ]m( on! all (ho lirosolMovodofi. What a fanv 
 wouM it ho Tor n>o to pray for othorM, whon all that I 
 oxpoo(o(l w.'ts Honio honollt for niyNolf! TIum, my hroth 
 ron, iM not tl\o soripliiral dootrino. Tho (osdniony olMJod 
 asanros us (liat (ho olVocdial forvont pray<'r of a ri^h(o(m« 
 man availoth miioh. l( inoxomplilhMl in (ho oas(> of Mlias, 
 who tlumu;h a man subjoot to like passions \vi(h yoiirsolvcn, 
 prayotl (Jo»l that it might not rain, an<l it raino»l not lor 
 (liP spaoo of throe yoars an«l a half; ami ho praytid apiin 
 that i( mij>ht rain, ami tho licavcns gavo rain and (lit 
 oar(h broui;ht fordi hor incroaso. Lot us rost sadslioii, 
 then, that our i>rayors arc hoard, and iC pr(»p(Mly ollonMJ, 
 will bo answorod. Lot us, tlien, in (ho socond j)laco, bt 
 stirrod up to tlie porformanoo of tho du(y (»!' intercession, 
 by a view of the blessings wo may expect will descend upon 
 others. 
 
 Tho largest and most oxtensivo blessing which can W 
 expected, is tho universal spread of knowledge, religion, 
 aud happiness. I know, indeed, a species of unbelief is 
 apt to assault the Christian's mind when he approaches so 
 grand a subject. It is not because ho considers the moral 
 renovation of the world a work impossible with God. No' 
 The wonders of every spring assure him that ho who ro 
 news the face of creutiou can work a not more surprising 
 
ilRV. ">MRI'II HTIIIItH ntUlHTMAH, 
 
 io:i 
 
 n upon our own 
 liliitc, Imwovor. 
 i(*l) hIioiiM iii)|H| 
 I (iiul until III' 
 
 > Ml'COUtli of llic 
 
 tlio good ulli'oi 
 i ujioii oursolvoH 
 ul all \\w iwrwK 
 . Whiit II laiw 
 wIhm\ all iliat I 
 'IMii^^, u\y brotli 
 'sliniony of (lod 
 r ol' a rightiMHi- 
 lu' caHo of Klias, 
 wilh yiuirsolvcs, 
 It rainoil not lor 
 lu> prayiMl a«;:iiii 
 
 (< rain and the 
 n»st satiHliiHl, 
 
 ro|HM'ly olVorod, 
 socond placo, bi- 
 
 {)\' intorcossioii, 
 
 11 doHCond upon 
 
 IS 
 
 • lifiii;;)* in iiir lirartH of nil inankiiid. JrliMviili liatli npok'n 
 u'lorioiiM tliin*4N of Zioii, and liiH word i.-i a (irni \»hh\m i,\' 
 liopiv lii't UM cnooura^o (MirmdviH l»y rn'»|u<ii»ly Fin'litatinif 
 lilt tliti K'oi'y of tlio latter dayH. tSuiiiiiiori (o your view <ill 
 iJHisi' iiiia^^i'H of d<>li;^lit wliicli Hacnvl doNtiription has dim- 
 hnMl around tlioHo "hoohoh HurpaHHing laldo and y(!t iru«'." 
 ('onHid(!r tlio worth of ono iiniiiortal houI -fd' riiilJJMnM of 
 iiiiiiiortal houIh. CttriHidor tlio diKtaniM; lictwci;!! t||o.^(' 
 di'ptliH (d' niiw^ry to whioli thoy nro cxposod, and \]\nm: 
 liri^^lits of li(Wiv(3n to wliicli tlioy may Im> raiH<'d, and tlnn, 
 fliDii I nliall not nr(3d to jtrtHH upon you the duty rd' intcr- 
 iTHHinn. If(!V'T tliuni waH a tinio wlion (yJiristianH wcro 
 talliMl upon to Hond up tlioi'- united cricH to tho oar <A' thr 
 liord of IioHtu, for tlio convorsion of the world, it iH no>r ; 
 lioin that tlin p(;riod for tlio introduction of fho inilhtni/il 
 L'lory iH just at hand ; now that thoOhuroh in just Ix'^mii. 
 niii)^ to fiMd itH obli«^ationH to Hpnjad th(! ^oKp<d ; nom that 
 \]w Lord has in a nioHt glorious manner appeared for th' 
 oiilar^ciiicnt and prosperity of his kingdom. 
 
 : 
 
 i 
 
 N 
 
 :; which can K 
 
 lodj^o, rolii^ion, 
 s of unbelief is 
 
 \ approaches so 
 siders the uioral 
 with God. No' 
 that he who ro- 
 
 more surprising 
 
 •11 
 
 n 
 
<»' 
 
 Ji ■ 
 
 'Ml|!i 
 
 li/^ 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 'ii M 
 11 
 
 H 
 
 ( .KilHillilfl 
 
 fi ■ ij 
 
 1' 
 
 : 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 .ii 
 
 A DISCOURSE 
 
 ON THB 
 
 NATURE OP TH-AT INABILITY WHICH PREVENTS THE SIN- 
 NER FROM EMBRACING THE GOSPEL : 
 
 BEING THB 
 
 SUBSTANCE OF TWO SERMONS 
 
 PREACHED IN 
 
 THE AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 MONTREAL, DEC. 9, 1827. 
 
 Ye will not come unto me, that ye might have ^(/e.— John v. 40. 
 
 In connection with 
 
 No man can come unto me, except the Father^ which hath sent me, 
 
 draw him.— John. vi. 44. 
 
 There are two leading views in which the subject of 
 man's religious obligation is regarded. The one considers 
 sin as a misfortune which is to be pitied ; ihe other as 
 fault which is to be blamed. The one regards man asun 
 able to comply with God's commands; and therefore not 
 bound to do so. The other regards him as able, but un- 
 willing, and nevertheless bound. The first considers it his 
 duty to do what he can, that is, discharge the social and 
 moral duties of life, control his external deportment, and 
 give a diligent attendance on the ordinances of religion, till 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 105 
 
 ^T CHURCH. 
 
 /€.— John V. 40. 
 
 ich hath sent me, 
 
 God shall enable him t'> do more. The "eeond view of the 
 subject, esteeming the precepts of God concerning all tilings 
 to be right, considers man under unalterable obligations to 
 do whatever he commands, that he has power already con- 
 ferred on him to do his whole duty, and that while he re- 
 mains averse to its performance, his praying for assistance 
 is worse than useless. The supporters of the first view, to 
 be consistent, either deny that God commands unrenewed 
 men to be holy, or acknowledging that he does, deem it 
 impossible, and therefore unfair ; while the supporters of 
 the second maintain, that the Most High does demand holi- 
 ness of unholy men, acknowledge the possibility of com- 
 pliance ^ith the demand, and perceive and insist on its 
 fairness and equity. These several ^iews are held by 
 Calvinistic and orthodox divines, in all branches of the 
 Presbyterian Church, both in the eastern and western hemi- 
 spheres. Though they may not all push their sentiments 
 quite to the extremes which I have stated, yet every think- 
 ing Christian must, and does adopt principles which clearly 
 involve the whole of one or the other of these systems. 
 It need not be said, that the diflference between the two is 
 wide: that it is a difference of great practical importance, 
 and one that meets us at almost every turn. It would be 
 prejudging the case, to ask those who are in the habit of 
 reading the Scriptures, which is there presented, but the 
 bare statement of the question informs us which side of it 
 reflects the most blame on the sinner, and the most glory 
 to God : a circumstance which, to an humble mind, aflforda 
 strong presumptive evidence of the truth. 
 
 The whole diflference between these schemes, lies in the 
 apprehension of the nature of that inahiUtif^ which pre- 
 vents a sinner from comj)li^ing with the commands of God. 
 
 n 
 
 
 ■ i.R 
 
 
• 
 
 ♦ , ; 
 
 i 
 
 I: ^ 
 
 ?i! 
 
 
 ¥. 
 
 lOG 
 
 MEMOIR or THE 
 
 The one maintains that it is a natural inability, wliich he 
 cannot help ; and the other, that it is a moral inability, 
 which ho will not help. If the truth on this point can be 
 satisfacttirily ascertained, all the other consequences involv 
 cd will easily follow, and the correctness of one or the other 
 of the systems bo determined. If our investigation should 
 prove successful, I trust that wo shall not regret having 
 occupied a portion of this holy day, with the consideration 
 of the subject. 
 
 It will be, first of all, necessary to have dear concep- 
 tions of the distinction between natural and moral ability. 
 Natural or physical ability is our power to do a thing, 
 which we have by the very constitutions of our natures^ 
 whether it refer to our mental ijicultic.^, or bodily abilities, 
 or our opportunities to use them. Moral ability is our 
 inclination to do a thing, and is irrespective of our power. 
 This kind of ability is called ??K>ra/, because the inclination 
 is that on which the moral character of the agent, the good 
 and evil of his actions depend. Perhaps a few illustrations 
 may convey a better idea of the distinction, than any defi- 
 nition, however accurate. A man who has the use of hi? 
 limbs, has natural ability to walk, but he may, from some 
 cause operating on his inclination, be unwilling to move a 
 step. Ho is now morally unable. Again, ne may have a 
 great desire to walk, and not have the use of his limbs. He 
 is, in that case, morally able and naturally unable to walk. 
 When the mariners in the vessel which contained Jonah, 
 rowed hard to bring it to land, but could not, it was through 
 a natural inability. When Joseph's brethren hated him 
 so, that they could not speak peaceably to him, it was 
 througli a moral inability. It is by a natural inobility, 
 that a blind man cannot see. It was by a moral inability, 
 
REV. JOSEPH RTIBBS CIIRIRTMAH. 
 
 107* 
 
 that Bomc of whom an aponile speaks, had " eyes full of adul- 
 tery, that could not ceate from sin." A drunkard hfli 
 natural ability to abstain from spirituous liquors, as well 
 as from any other poison ; but when, through strength of 
 appetite, he is unable to forbear, it is a moral inability to 
 abstain. It is an instance of natural inability, that men 
 cannot make a hair of their head white or black, or add a 
 cubit to thoir stature; and of moral inability, that an 
 affectionate child cannot wantonly disobey its parents, or a 
 malicious man cannot desire the prosperity of his enemy. 
 
 Now, though it sound like an inaccuracy, to say, that a 
 man is unable to do what he is merely unwilling to do, yet, 
 through the poverty of human language, it is customary 
 with all persons so to speak. How common is it for a per- 
 son to say, that he cannot do what he is merely strongly 
 averse to ? I tell you to thrust your hand into the fire. 
 You reply that you cannot: — you cannot think of such a 
 thing. Now it is evident, that you have the natural abi- 
 lity to do it. You can move your hand in the direction of 
 the fire, as easily as in any other direction. All you mean 
 by saying you cannot, is that you are strongly averse to 
 it : — in other words, you are morally unable. When you 
 hear a recital of some shameful or cruel conduct, you 
 exclaim, " Oh ! I could not have acted so :" — not meaning 
 that you have not powers of body and mind, to have perpe- 
 trated the atrocity, but that it would have baen altogether 
 contrary to your feelings and inclination. In accordance 
 with this method of speaking, so common among men, is 
 the Bible written. Thus the Redeemer said, " No man 
 can come unto me, except the Father, which hath sent me, 
 draw him :" — that is, every one is so strongly averse to 
 coming to me, that he cannot, or more strictly, will not 
 
 I 
 
 j ; ii 
 
 I 
 
 HI 
 
 i 
 
U ' '. 
 
 tos 
 
 MKMom Of TIIM 
 
 I'l* 
 
 4 i 
 
 luH ^vrtoo. In I'xnot fimoiMn»»ul. with (liifl inliMprolulinii. 
 luv <l\«MvoV(N i>ri\in« who tiovor ullovpd tui iiHMuiliouB <>s 
 jMV'sion, nwA \\\\y^ wms mIwmvpi norrpiMly t'ltHHifllonl willi liitn 
 F5oir " Yo ♦<•>// not 0(Mm> \into \\\\\ (lu\t yo inl^\ht hnvo \\\h ." 
 n «hvl?ivrt<ion ^\)^i«'l^ in thoorijrjnnl. plill nioro onipluilicullv 
 «(tvihntort thoiv not oon'.in^, <o uwnnt ol' will, Muui tho Mn|> 
 U'»h nnxilim V vovh. whioh ^vntMrtlly itnplioH nolliin^j; tnuro 
 <h;\n (ItovvvtiMn t'ntnrition ol'tho ovonl : " Yoninno^ will 
 Vm<; to ootno \n\to n\o, timi >o nn'^ht lnu(» lilo." 
 
 Urtvinjt pt!\to«l t\\\\\ ospirtiniMl tho <iiFitino(ion holwoon nik 
 tnv;\l t\\\\\ nn>vrtl nhilil v, 1 ohporvo, tlwit Iho iuMlnlily wlnt»h 
 ^>\vvontj» rt !*innov {\o\\\ on\hrnoln}r (ho Hoppol, nniRl )>o ol'imo 
 kvnvl or tho othor, \\\u\ \nnintMin, thrit it is of tho hittiM 
 kin*l, — (hnt nil n\on n\v nutwrally mMo to ooino tolJod, nii<l 
 th;\t tlu> ot^ly iv;\son why (hoy <lo not, is that. (In'y inr 
 n\ov;\llv un^Mo v>r \inwillinu to *ilo po. 
 
 Woniv^uMv n\ot nt tlu» vory onlpot, with ji pn^judioc 
 .•Vi::\in!*t nU puoh «listinotii>n?«, as u uion' niotdphyBionl rolino 
 nuM\t. whioh low o:\n \u\tUMstan*!. i\n«l if niuhiiptooil, of no 
 unpovt!\noo ; t\>r iTnionrtVo unahlo, thoyiwo'nnnMo, whoihoril 
 :uisv^st\vm i\ physical or moral oau}*o. H'atiy ohooMo, ho Ih at 
 libovty to ortll tho vlistitiotion nioo ami inotaphysioal, hut it is 
 a distinction still, which is obvionn to ovory oapaoity, and 
 whoso \m|H>rt;\nco is daily tVlt in tho tratisactiouporflooioty. 
 V^^r instanci\ it'oncot'your chihhvn lias broken smno valualilo 
 article, would it Iv a motaphysical nicety in you to iin|uiiv 
 >Tbcthcr it was an acciviontnlthinu, which ctmld not bo liclp 
 od or whether it was dv>no ^rantonly and willingly ? 1)(H\i 
 not the very child perceive the distii\ction ? and if ho can, 
 trill avail himself o( it, and never fail to plead that Iio di'l 
 
 i. I 
 
iiK/V. .inFtr.i'M Milium riiiiimiMAH. 
 
 \i\{i 
 
 mil llllond ll., MImI ♦»M(|1<1 Mof lM>|p 11 Mf(»1 JM H'»J, Mi'h Mi'^ 
 
 vrry diflliiiol/Mm hof w««»ti finl.nral funl mor/il nhillly? A;'Mif», 
 wli'Mi ri rriiiiiiifil ii=i MriMi(Mi(>(| rit «uMirl. for Is-illini^ n f'<<llo'^ 
 iMMii, ifl ii a mnMor of loo miimIi ifi('(,/»|(liyMi''»l fifolytor flr'> 
 jury In liu(iijr(» wIioIImt i( vtn» rni M«'«rMl<ii( wlii'-li <i'miI«1 not. 
 liti lii'l|M'<|, or fi wjH'mI niiir«l«*r wliidli Iim«I Ii»'<.»( (Vooly infofi/l- 
 0(1 j ill ollior woi'iIh, wiml.lior it. prooiwlo'l i'rinn n ri/if,ur;il or 
 iiinrtil iiifiliilif.y lo ilo olliorwi>«o ? 
 
 itiii llio (linljtiolioii in no lonn iriiporlnril lli'irt if i^ olivi 
 (HIM. |)o«'«yonr <?liil(| iliiiik It in of no iinporfunon Utvfnrf\n 
 cHl.MliIiHliiri^ IiIr limofiMiMn, /umI would lift nol jimUy r,um]'\>un 
 did v(ni piiniRli liiiri mh Rovor^ly far tin ovrsi^Mit, or n<?ri- 
 dciil, iifi for w/iiifon find iriMwitiondl fniB/ilii'd", /ifi'l if nufh 
 were your jM'iinrMl pro'itMliiro^ woiiM Iim riof, Io^m )iII r,orifid'"r»^'.<< 
 in your jiiHlioo 7 And niij^it not tlio fu-niH/id >it tli'i \t'ir 
 l»ilf.orly 0(»tii(»l/iin of flio judj/o, wlif» pIi'miM r^f'imo t/> ro;il<<» 
 Hiinli /I dintinniiofi, l»y H'tyinj*;, tli»it if'tli*" nifin w/m kill^sd, ho 
 wim kill«'(|, nrid it would not nU.(\r tli'i ovMit, to df)t,^;rrfiinM 
 wliollior it wftH «lorio vrdimtarily, or n,wid<;nt/illy ? And why 
 fi|i(»ul(| it 1x1 d«M)niO(l of* fio iinportanoo t^; fmwrHiin whof.li'tr 
 iiMMrHcontiniinnno in niri ho f'ro/ri unutunil inability, n c'ni.s^^j 
 wliicli tliry cnfmotlinlp,or from n, rnorfll inability which th'-y 
 will not holp ? Mon in(l(jnd continuo in «<in, wh';thcr tfi*^ 
 c.'iuwi ho (d'a natural or moral kind ; hut i-t tJi'; diHtinftJon 
 <d' no importance! towards d';t/!nninin^ tlicir ^n'lh? So 
 man who tliinka at all, can think «o. Sinnors do, withorit 
 f;xcoptioti, porcfiivo the; hoarinf^ of tho rjuostion, and when 
 ur^'eJ with tho immodiatc obligation of duty, atf/jmpt to 
 fa.Htcn tho blamo of non-complianco upon tficir natural ina- 
 hility. Thoy perceive, that if it can bo Hhown to proceed 
 from their moral inability or unwi!lin;.^ne«.H, that they are 
 Htripj)cd of every cloak for their sin. They are quick Uj 
 
 'II 
 
 f : 
 
 M 
 
 r 
 
no 
 
 MRMom or TIIF. 
 
 iliscrvn i\y<\i tlio tlintinotini: foivop upon llirin nn InoplfltiMo 
 Oi>nvio(ion of guilt, which thoy would jj;l(ully i\voi«|. Hu 
 long !\s \\wy 0.1U oxouro thou»w>lvrH hy throwing tho h\n\w 
 on poniothing hryunl thoir oontrol, Ihoy ropicnpy. Honrn 
 tlint in)o<o«l av(M",«»ion to tho (hu^tiino, which nniPt hnvo f(tr 
 oihly Mrurk tho tniinl of ovory ono wholms oonvorsod nnich 
 with im]><»nilont porRonH on tho puhjoot of thoir |»orponi»l 
 ohligjitions. llonoo thoir unwillingnoas to ndniit n tnilh, 
 which phowfl their hiding plnco to he n, lofugo of Hop. Hut 
 they munt poo it if thoy nro over to ho brought to uRtntool' 
 conviction. Of such doop and prnotical inn)ortnnoo im tho 
 doctrine. 1 know of none nioro so. Without it, 1 shoulil 
 ho perfectly unable to justify the wnys oftJod to ninn. [ 
 should tcel myself in the situtition of one of Plmrnoh's tnsk- 
 nirtsters ; and rather tluin hcnr the koeti retort, '* There is 
 no pi raw givcti unto thy servants to make brick," and ho 
 sensible that it was well founded, 1 would resign the service. 
 Without it. 1 should not know how to acquit tho over* 
 blessed (lod of being a hard master, gathering where ho had 
 not strewed, and reaping where he had not sown. 
 
 We will now attend to tho evidence, whioli directly proves 
 that men have natural ability |xjriVctly to love and obey 
 tn>d, and comply with the gospel. 
 
 I argue it fixim the fact that Godhag commanded it. It 
 will not be doubted that tho Supreme Lawgiver eiijoins mon 
 to love him with all their heart, witli all their soul, with nil 
 their mind, and with all their strength, and their neighbor 
 as themselves , that ho commands all men every where, to 
 repent, and return to him with their whole heart ; that ho 
 comn\ands them to believe the gosi>el under pain of danma- 
 tion. and to be holy, even as he is holy, and to have holy 
 and new hearts, that is, to be in the possession of holy foci- 
 
nrv. .iMPr.iMi srinnR nftniRtwAB 
 
 111 
 
 nn inoplstiMo 
 ly nvoi«l. Hii 
 in^ il«o l»lni;io 
 pnpy. Hoiu'o 
 iniPt Itnvo for 
 invovfod ninrli 
 ♦ hrir |hm"p<mu\1 
 (linii n tnitli, 
 p of lies. Hut 
 hi to ftBtfitoor 
 )ortnnco IM tlio 
 ut it, 1 rIiouM 
 hI to 1IUU1. I 
 Mmrnoh'fi tnsk- 
 ort, " Thero is 
 n'ick," nml \w 
 ign tlio Borvioo. 
 quit the cvor* 
 LT whero lio \m\ 
 mwn. 
 
 lircoily proves 
 love and ob(7 
 
 inpffl, willinut di'Iny. " Oirnuinrlflo yoursilvrp," miyn lip, 
 " nfnl inko nvvfty llin forpRkirif* of your lionrtt, yo rnnri of 
 .l(rus«l(un,fin»l inlmhiinMiw of.luflRli." "0 JnruR/iloFn ! wnsh 
 lliiiio ln>art fnun wif'kudrifiw, ilini tlioii rnny«>st, l»« snvfvl." 
 •' OuRt awfiy your trjifiR^rfBHioiifl, wli^riihy yo offmfl, nod 
 m<ikr ynn a vew hr'irf nnrl a ncm sfn'rit, for why will yo 
 din?' " Knprfit nod }m coMvnrtod, Hint, your pins rnny I»m 
 blotted f»ut." " Hnlinvt» on tlio Lord dfiwufi ThriRtnod thou 
 wlifilt lio Rnvnd." " \io\ tim wickod fornnko liin wuy, nod tlin 
 lUiriglitpouB irinri liin fJitmrj/ifH.^^ " firntl ipur hnntn^ nrifl 
 fiot your gfirmnniw," " p'irif}i ifnur hmrfn, ye d'Hihln rnirifl- 
 0(1." " And tliiH \H liiw conirnnndrrifint ; thnt w»i «liould 
 Itclicvo on llio nnrnn of his Hon tlfisuB OliriHt., nrifj lr>vo ono 
 unothfT." To ilipsft niitj^lit, bo nddofl n vftwi many otlior 
 paHPngcH, indncd nil the procujptw of Rcripturo whifdi enjoin 
 holinesg in gonornl, or Rome ofitR partioulnr l)ranrh»!R. Now 
 I nppcnl to yf>u, wluitlipr Ood will over command wtmt it is 
 inipoRflihIo for mm U) perform. Cnn you for u moment 
 suppose, thnt the Judf!;o of all the earth will re^juire of 
 men what is beyond their Rtrcnj^th, and that under the f>e- 
 nalty of his cverlnRtinj^ displeaRure ? Then, indeed, are the 
 complaints which sinners make aj^ainst the Most Hit^di, for 
 the strictness of his law, well-founded. And can you l/elieve 
 that men arc in the rij^ht, and Jehovah's conduct infinit^ily 
 in the wrong ? " Far be it from God that he should do 
 wickedness, and from the Almighty, that he should c^;mmit 
 iiiiquity !" " What shall we say then ? is there anrighteoijr- 
 ness with him ? God forbid ! yea, let God be true, and every 
 man a liar.'' Whatever be the consequence, we will, with 
 Elihu, "ascribe righteousness to our Maker." We are now 
 prepared to see the force of the following argument, 
 Ood will not command what men are unable to perform. 
 
 I 
 
n'> 
 
 n^M>MH or vnr 
 
 S 
 
 I 
 
 «^M•\^^<^U^^^ )\'\\>' >>ot ot^^m^\o^^ ^i^M\ «<»M Ivnt' fuu oT »l\i'i» 
 
 SWMim w^y^rhi^^i' \\\\\A\v\\ Ui \\\ \\'\\ ln»)<«»Hrn»l t'tMHo 
 \^\\ot\\v< \i h>4 \\\>Nu»\Ut u« in1«> tlM^t N<!\1(» in hM«'I» iM«<tv 
 ^\\\nMn \vu>u \< \^^^v^^. M\x\ J^V1^^^•» \\p nnlt"*^ "ov^Mri^n ^\\'Wv 
 ^ntxM^s^*1^, \\\t)\ i l\»^<^\t o)>po*<Ml to ln«« «iu<v fM\<l (o timl 
 Unt \t x*!^\>not \\\tl\ jN\v|M\otv ^o fHUvn^Ml. tl\»»t <lu» Otll \\n« 
 \\\''\''\\\v\\ \\* x\{ ^s>N>vv to K^v^^ t]\o «»onnnt\M<lM ol' tltMl ll 
 X ^^«!. lW>\ ow^ ^^\^^^r\t\on rtn<\ <>^!»poM!*\l*ili1v otnui' io m» 
 <^nx^ \»\ V^l-^nv in,^ thxMV t?» no n\\\A\ {\\\\\^ \\% i».*r»f.>/ *♦♦♦ ii\ 
 <W ys\Nv\^ \\ x>o K">-<t on\ ^^o^^ov to oboy in otiv li<<»t 
 yv-^tN'^ts t)\iM\ owv p^^\^Ation <\\\\\ \v^Y\\\mh\\\{\ otutn* to nn 
 i^»>x^ lin l>\w. I x^> »>xM knoxv o< rtnv ^^\\noi^^lo )^l!>i\nM'. i\w\ 
 ^hsi :\ws\\y\i.^h\]\i\ \* i^\\\\\y{x^x\ ys\\ \>\s\\\\ tooUvv . ov ofinw 
 WxMv '^Kmwn^,. th.i« tl\{\t n o\vr\<n\>^ inor^p.iMo of nolim: 
 y^xN^^U K" i^ut on )MvKit\on V\\M \\t\i\\v:\\ ulnlity is ll\o 
 t^'>^\^■^^v"^1^^« ^n^ \v^^s^n^U^\Uiv. \v'» «>v\\l\M\t <\Ann <l»o \)\\{ ovrvv 
 xh)^^a^ t,"<n]i:>\t ^n tW v^^ni oC li\^i, \hM *ho inownp*^ y^\ 
 r^AU\VA\ j^Kalx \VM\t\^TT« j* ^\\v^vv<ion,'^l tnotv;<!«o orvt*s|MM\si 
 )v^a(y. Ho x>"l^o \\>vi>v^ <\xv t,'xlot\t^. )\rts Uvo {'\\\wn \\w 
 ^\vsj\^r^^U1\(^ ^^t him xirho wwmxvv* but vm\v\ " 'ri\«» poivant 
 
flf'V fftufflff rtHMfCi »'IM»»t<f ^f^« 
 
 M't 
 
 )< I 
 
 I A«M». »»»»il ^N'»' 
 
 rt^ovi' wlini i" 
 h!»« U\«» l\<U h'*" 
 
 MV «'t\HH' to «U 
 
 ,«v i<» o«v liv) 
 Uty ojnuo to nn 
 
 >i*ov , <M' ofunv 
 r<l>U» or nolinu 
 \ i\l^\lity i^ ♦'<<* 
 1\ <l\o r!\»M ovovv 
 
 vi!»0 of VO^IMM^M 
 
 (\vo tintow tl\r 
 '* Tl\o f»ovv;\nt 
 
 nliM l<nMn«» liU fn»i«»l»«t-*« will. fMi'l «1'«("« n »•'!», filifill \ 
 
 ir I li'i>l fi'if oitiuh ntv\ 
 
 r 
 
 ijtpti In lluoi, Hit'V limi ff't) IokI niri 
 
 M 
 
 ♦iri 
 
 Ifi'-r^ 
 
 »ii<» 'I 
 
 r 
 
 f..«|.M(i«<ll'llllv I'tllnttw fin IfiffOfiwo hi |.Mr/fr, Jliffi rntnh 
 
 Mll-M 
 
 t1 
 
 I t.r ll'«|wUinlMlif V MmI IC tth |M^^ ft || OMT fi'iW r I 
 
 NtlfUII, Wt« llMfn ll't •»'«t(lM»iri)|llH(y h'KM ftdt, (ini\, }>'f*f 
 
 i-»t'f, <»llll il«'"MI M'l f1«'M(iHnlMllif', «»l'l 'I'"'"' If'^ itid ^l^^llf^, 
 
 llt'iMlii' <vm|!mii» III* miu ♦•fi'MiHy "l»'"ll I"* 'l''^'•rmif»^'l hy 
 MIM I'M'fl l«>»*»»'M^ ••Mfiducl 7 Nmv, /l/)»'fl li«« fiM> Ifr/ f|if» wh'iU 
 >j(ii>«f( M«« (MM- Mtvfi (•('♦•'<'iMf«l oliMffw^'r, find '"ifi If, )it> ••li'rWri 
 lliH* f»nv <Mu» tt«« «'v»'f I'iMf ()ir A«l«»»r« mh '^ 
 
 A|»mI»». ir wo l<i«» )i( A'lfUn fill p'lW^'f »'» ^l.^y, tfiorh i« 
 KM nni'li lliitM^ MM ft(>»iiftl ffMnfljM^MMl'ffi l»» Hi" w^rrM >^^f 
 l|ii< ViHiti MJ' |imv»«» ••il<"M fiw«y mII Mf«|ifi<M>v f'tf «ififilfi(' Aw 
 
 Mill |q ri |tll«)M>ll mI' nlilJlfUflMM, find ti)i\'\^t!ti\t,U i«t r'»Mft'l<-'l 'rfl 
 
 H 
 
 jtMWiM, Hit'in iMin h»» nfi ^ 
 
 liti wl 
 
 i<>rf^ 
 
 Mi^r*' 
 
 IM fifi pMw^r 
 
 rf 
 
 wo lifiil (Mtwor ill Adfiiii, W'» wnr'^ Mifrt r"«|»'>rifiihU' fifi'l 
 oMjifiltlM mI* FtiiMilii|t If flirti, powr wn«« d^ifroyod In hi«< 
 h(iiiB|rii»f(Niini, w«> tli«'Hf»»>fMrfli Itof'fiffi^ ^'rr^v^r InMip'iKI^ '»f' 
 Mi'liml hniiM|M'pM*iiMi, «ii(l flif»rr» lifirt liof'fi »(0 «i?i ^frfrlrr|i^.t^'l 
 in Mil* witiM Min(M» rtiif nfunfnofi f»fi/«o«t<»r jilii^krvj Mi'* tot 
 ItitMon IVuif. Y»ni poroolvf^ tlio f»l»»ur'lity inv^l7^'l Ifi ^Ha 
 
 HtHtjMtMilJitii. 'I'lijfl llirMwIniJ III" ffinlf, on tlK» trftn«'^^rr«M««ion 
 • •!' Atlmn, iH only rovivini^ ft (»^f^v^r^ for wlii'di Oorl ««» 
 Novpioly i('|»rovn«| llm .h»nrfl. " Our fVith^TW hnvo onfAn 
 Hour fMiipcw, riiKJ iiipir nliil»lrnn'« U^iih nr« j«^t on ftdj^^." 
 IImw not (((III (lonidnd ihn fjiioHtion, l»y sfiyinpf, " All «/'mh 
 nroniino; ns Mm roiiI fif* tlm Fiiihor, g<» nhf*, th^i soul of 
 tlin fjon JM niino / Tlio sfnil tlint, Rinnoth, \t nhnil dif». Th'^ 
 son ulinl! nnt. lionr tlin inifjnity of tho fjithor; n<>ithor nhflil 
 llio fjitlior luMir tlid inifuntyof tlifison. Tho right>'/)iii»ncR«< 
 
 I 
 
 i. 
 
 Ill 
 
 1^1 
 
 ^ -^it- 
 
iH 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 111 
 
 MRMoin or Tiir. 
 
 of tlio iljilWi'ouH n\u\\\ l)i» upon (lilt) ; nnil Hh» wirltptlncaM 
 o\' tlio nii'ViMl n\\n\\ !>»» upon hint." 
 
 ThnI pn^^tMH nltili<y i" <'<«> <'t»l.V monml of piP^iMi* nl»li 
 ^n(i<Mi 4o k«*(>p Hie )*i)Uinmn<in of Ooil, innv )*•* (urlln'r 
 illuBtiftlotl ii) \\\'\<* nwnntor. Upon tlu* «l»M»l«ri«lion nf win, 
 n «M(i»,on Duililntun hin poinnn, in onlor (htil lu« nifiy nol ))*> 
 tlvn\ij>l»ti>(l on inilit.'uy foivioo. Now llio ninn «lt»priv«>« In 
 bo punipluMl.lo fho Inll oxtont. of liin p:nill, lor inoupm'llnl 
 inji; hinipoir for <ho noi vioo of liin ivnmtry. Iiu< nHor lio 
 hftn boivnno n»«lil»ito«|, it. wo\»M not, Im rifrhf (o immjuIio mI' 
 him llu» NMvioo of Mn nMo hoiliod num. ntnl pnniwh Itini lor 
 not ivn^hMinjx it. Wo ilnwpivofl pnninlnnont lor «Mitlin^ nil" 
 \\\p r«H>t, Tor instnnoo ; but it wtniM l»o lyrnnnioni lo in 
 quiiv Inm to wnlk rtOor it wnn ont off. In iiko nirninnr, ii" 
 Adan< wl\on ho livnt ninnod, dolibovntoly iloprivod biniwnir 
 n\\\\ rtll lus po«tority of tbo powor of Tulnn' obo<lioniM\ lor 
 thitt sin ho viohly «losovvo»l to bo puniRhotI ; bnt it wtMild 
 not bo oqnitrtblo io roquiinj nny l\irthor obodionoo of him 
 Wr tho ono not by whioh ho <UBtroyo»l his powor to walk 
 in tl\o wny;* of ol)o«lionoo, ho i«< to bliuno ; but ho is not to 
 bl.imo for not w.ilkinu: in thoni Jiftor lio h:i» lost tho powor, 
 It is ovi«lont, howovor, tlmt ({od <liil rotpiiro obodicnoo of 
 Adan\ ntllor his fall, ainl thnt ho iloos still roipiire holy 
 ol>ovlionvv of his tullcn dosoond.inls, whioh npon ovory 
 prinoiplo of oquity, prove? thnt, thoiigh thoy hnvo lost tho 
 vrill to obey, thov ili«i not \o9o tho powor, on whioh ovory 
 just oonuunnd is ioundod. 
 
 Tho sooonvl w:\v in wliioh mon ovado tho force of the 
 Hnrumont for natiirnl ability, ns it is inforrovl from the 
 oonuuandsof (\0i\, is by sayinjr, that thou(/h ire arc not 
 aNt to ohfy, (»t)(/ hiis pjvinised to give strength to thos(' 
 icho osk hitn. Thoy maiutniu that the character of CiOii 
 
lirV. JOHRI'M BTIIU1« f'flMIRTMAB. 
 
 iir» 
 
 1m» wlrkoilnonq 
 
 H ««l«'nii'«l fVnin fliM iiiipiitMlidfi of ooriiiiiriri'liti^ nr» \w]iim**\ 
 ItilUv. I'V •'"' i»r«>iMJBo «»f Pii|M«rnnf,urnl nfr»'iii^fl» l'» tlioMo 
 who nnk it of liiiii. 
 
 To tliiw •'VhrIoii I lin?« four olijnniJofiH, rfi'ili of whioli lo 
 iiiy inimt n|tpi>rirN miliNlfiiidnl, In tlio i\m\ ]t\tu'j', ii 7mm- 
 liifffH thf imtiirr o/ fhnf nfrfiK/th whirh thv ifttu f nf iUul 
 mnfynt 'I'liM iiilliioncnn of lli«> H|»irit. jIo not n»»frifriiifi'Min»« 
 Miiy iinw |»liy«infil ftln>ii|;ili fo tlio f>UMiIti»'» of flio miri'l. 
 Mill (|o(>R not noripini in tx w«'fili un«lf>rwinn«lifij^, or in'ftiory, 
 nf jii(l|MinMil , n(»r (lof»« ^rfino Hff«>ri^tlt»'n riny ol'l fHciiIfy, ur 
 iMiiiiiiiiininMti* nuy new onn. Ii merely K^n'lfl io n ri(',lit, iimi 
 of wIihI i« nlinfiiiy po«FinMO«l. It. inrOiiifffi iM milipfrt, to flo 
 wlint lin wfiR previously nMe to flo. A pnrnon nftiir ron- 
 vi)rf«inn littn no Imtter tnhuitn, nn«l no oilifjr pow«r« of l»ofly 
 or iiiirMJ, tlinn wlirii ho lind while unnonveried. liui \)i'm 
 lin luiH lin liiiN n (lifferont. dinpoRition, u now inolinntiori to 
 liiy liiiiiBrIf out, for the ginry of tiod. The ♦iv/ision th';B 
 iM iiieorrrnl in Ntuiin^ ihrii innn Riandn in need of, nnd n.s^k- 
 iii^ Fditill receive, thnt, whioh ilie j^rnce of Ood never r.fui- 
 I'nrM, viz., new nnturnl hility for the |K5rforrnfinco f>f duty. 
 
 In the Rceoiid placo, ilie ovonion in objeciionnhje, innn- 
 niuoli an it invali'm the nontradiciion of iujtpoihifj fhai fhe, 
 tinner ilnet (hat in order to ohtninfjrar.e, which it i» mnrnl.ly 
 impomhlr/or him to ilo until hr, fimt have grace. It, Riip- 
 poHcB that before ho can repent ho niuBt pray for j<race, 
 whilo it in certain thot he cannot pray for grace withont 
 having firfit repented. What docs the anking for grace 
 mentioned in the evasion mean ? A mere utterance of the 
 words of prayer ? That surely will not bo pretended. Or 
 docs it mean the acceptable prayer of sincerity and faith ? 
 
 But that prayer is never offered by the unrenewed rnan, 
 nor can it be while ho continues fluch. The evaj^ion ru{>- 
 
 ■ 
 
 "iff 
 W>1 
 

 116 
 
 MEMOIB OF THE 
 
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 ■ 11 
 
 « 1 1' ^'iiv '' 
 
 
 I 
 
 poses God to have given a law which man cannot keep 
 without grace, that grace is only to ba obtained by prayer, 
 and yet prayer always pre-supposes grace ! It attributes 
 to God the conduct of one who should command a man 
 without legs to walk, and then upon his complaining of the 
 command on account of his inability, to alleviate his situa- 
 tion, should command him to walk to him, and he would 
 then give him the power of walking ! 
 
 In the third place, I object to the evasion that if it be 
 true that a man cannot repent without supernatural 
 strength, and that this can only be obtained by asking 
 God for it, that the only thing which the sinner is hound 
 to do is to ask ; that the whole of his duty is narrowed 
 down to that one act. He is not bound to repent before 
 he asks, for upon the supposition he is unable ; nor is he 
 bound after he asks, for if God hears his prayer, he already 
 repents, and if God does not hear his prayer, he cannot 
 help it. But I need not inquire, whether the duty of 
 prayer is the only duty enjoined in the scriptures. 
 
 In the fourth place, I object to the evasion as deroga- 
 tory to the character of God, and subversive of the nature 
 of grace. It supposes the Supreme to have given a law 
 which men cannot keep, and then to clear himself, pro- 
 mises grace to help them out. It makes the divine pro- 
 cedure like that of a king ^ho should levy a tax beyond 
 the resources of his subjects, and should then justify him- 
 self by permitting them to draw on the royal treasury 
 enough to satisfy the demand. Such a procedure is no 
 less subversive of the character of grace. The very term 
 grace implies that it is purely gratuitous, and might be 
 justly withheld. But if grace be necessary to obedience, 
 then justice obliges God to confer it, and grace is no more 
 grace, but a mere debt. 
 
REV. JOSEPII ST!BBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 117 
 
 Sinner is 
 
 It still remains true, for aught that has yet appourcd to 
 tlie contrary, that the einucr has power to love God, 
 repent, and cnibrnce the gospel, according to tho com- 
 mandments of the Most High. This truth is confirmed 
 by many positive texts of scripture, which attribute the 
 impenitence of sinners, not to a want of ability, but to a 
 want of inclination, or the depravity of tho will. " Oh fool- 
 ish people, and without understanding, which have eyes, 
 and see notf which have earSj and hear not." "Son of 
 man ! thou dwcllest in the midst of a rebellious) people, 
 which have eyes to see, andsee not ; they have ears to hear, 
 and hear not : for they are a rebellious house." '' Briijg 
 forth the blind people that Jiave eyes, and tho deaf that 
 have ears." " They aro like tho deaf adder that stojipeth 
 her ears, which will not hearken to the voice of the char- 
 mers charming never so wisely." " Those mine enemies, 
 that would not that I should reign over them, bring hither, 
 and slay before me." " This is the condemnation, that 
 light is come into the world, and men love darkness rather 
 than light, because their deeds are evil. For every one 
 thatdoeth evil hateth the light,neither cometh to the light, 
 lest his deeds should be reproved." " Jerusalem ! Jeru- 
 salem ! how often would I have gathered your children 
 together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her 
 wings, and ye would not." " Ye will not come unto me, 
 that ye might have life." All these authorities ascribe 
 the sinner's impenitence to a voluntary disinclination, and 
 not to a want of ability. But here we shall be told, that 
 there is another class of texts which assert his positive dis- 
 ability ; such as these : " No man can come unto mc, ex- 
 cept the Father which hath sent lae draw him." '* How 
 can ye, being evil, speak good things ?" " How can ye 
 
 
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 118 
 
 MEMOIR OP THE 
 
 believe which receive honor one of another, and seek not 
 the honor which cometh from Ood only?" " Having eyes 
 full of adultery, which cannot cease from sin." 
 
 *' The natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit 
 of God ; neither can he know them, because they are spirit- 
 ually discerned." The remarks already made have given 
 us a clue, I trust, to the meaning of such passages, which 
 must be interpreted in accordance with the other text? 
 already adduced, as the Bible nowhere contradicts itself. 
 When the Redeemer says, " no man ca7i come unto me," 
 he himself interprets it by saying " ye will not come unto 
 me that ye might have life." Instances without number 
 may bo adduced from the inspired volume, in which the 
 word caniwt is used to denote nothing more than a strong 
 disinclination. " Haste thee, escape thither," said the 
 r.n2;cl to Lot, " for I cannot do anything till thou be come 
 thither." 
 
 " The tabernacle of the Lord and the altar of burnt- 
 offering were at Gibeon ; but David could not go before it 
 to inquire of the Lord, for he was afraid^ because of the 
 sword of the angel of the Lord." " Can that which is un- 
 savory be eaten without salt ?" " My iniquities have taken 
 hold of me, so that I am not able to look up." ** I am so 
 troubled that I cannot speak." " The Lord hath spoken, 
 who can but prophesy ?" ** This is a hard saying, who cnn 
 hear it?" Joseph's brethren hated him, and *' could not 
 speak peaceably unto him." 
 
 But are not sinners compared to dry bones — very dry 
 in the valley of vision ? ■ Can any thing more fully expres? 
 an entire destitution of power and life? Aiid natural 
 men are said too, to be *' dead in trespasses and sins, 
 and what power can be attributed to the dead ? Upon a 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 Hi) 
 
 iittle reflection, all this admits '.of a very satisfactory luci- 
 dation. Sinners arc as destitute of every holy feeling and 
 every gracious emotion, as the dry and scattered bones of 
 those who have been long dead arc of every vestige of ani- 
 mation, and can no more be renewed and sanctified by any 
 application of the means than that crumbling skeletons 
 should hearken to the prophet's call and awaken into life. 
 In like manner, to be dead in trespasses and sir.rj, is to be 
 destitute of all the vitality of holiness, not to be wanting 
 in capacity for holy duties. Their capacity is implied in 
 the exhortation, *' dry bones I hear the word of the 
 Lord," and in the call to the unconverted, " Awake thou 
 that sleppest, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall 
 give thee light." Being cZeadf in »m, necessarily implies 
 being alive to sin, and the exercise of those faculties and 
 powers which employed in a different way would be a new 
 life unto righteousness. 
 
 There is yet another objection to the doctrine of man's 
 having all necessary ability to obey God, which will arise 
 in the minds of some in this form. " It cannot be that I 
 have ability to love and obey God ; for I know I have the 
 will, and yet I do it not. If I have wished for any thing, 
 I have wished that I might repent and believe, but still I 
 find I cannot. Though I have sincerely desired it, and 
 made many earnest endeavors after it, I am still as far from 
 believing and repenting as ever." Correct conceptions of 
 the nature of the desires and endeavors of the unrenewed 
 would effectually show you that this plea is ill-founded. 
 This subject has never been set in a clearer light than by 
 President Edwards, in his Inquiry into the Freedom of the 
 Will. I will quote a part of what he says in the fifth sec- 
 tion of the third part of that work. 
 
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 Mr.MOtU OF TMR 
 
 
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 rtlwivtlity ; »H'on \\v\\, nuMi nmy fiiuuMply «'ltMns(> nml «li"jiii. 
 thoso ppiiilni\l «ln<i«'R oflovo, fU'o»>pluiuM», oltoicp, iMJi'olinn, 
 \'0, wMiwislin^ in \W will i<5n»ir, or In llio (lispuRilinn ami 
 inolin.'\<i«Mi of (ho l\«>(»r(, nnd >♦'' '"'^ l"> "''I'* <" liiMlMnn or 
 oxovt tl\on\. Thi'^ is !\bfluril,b('CM\ist» ii is nlntud 1m sup|ins(« 
 \\mi i\ m:\n nhonM tliioctly, pn>pnrly. ami piiuHMoly liii'liii(> 
 (o hnvo nn ini'lini\ti»>tt, whiolv is f\t tl««> s;uno (lino oniilriuv 
 to Ms iiu'litifition; Tor thnt is io P\ippos»> liini inolinoil In 
 thnt uluv'li lio is not inolinotl to. It* ft tnnn, \\\ tlio h('iI<> 
 t\ny\ nols oCluswill nnd inolinntionjlons propi'ily ninl dirool 
 ly Tnll in with ll\oso »lutios, he thoipin poifornts thoni; Wn 
 the ^hitios thomsolvos oonsist, in timfc very lhin«r: (h»\y cuii 
 eist in tho sttito !»n»l fiots oC tho will Wn\^ po lornuMl nmi 
 liirtvtoil. Iflho sonl proporly juni pinooroly Tnlls in will) ii 
 ccrtnin pvoposo«l iwi ol'tho will or ohoico, tho poni lIuMcin 
 ninkos {]\i\{ ohoivv ils own. Fivcn as whon !i ntovinu; hndy 
 tails in with t\ pi>>)>os»Hl dirootion of ils tnolion, thut is llio 
 same thinij; as io niovo in that ilirooiion. 
 
 '* 2. That wluoh i» oalloil n dmn' ami irillithpirsif Tor 
 tliost? inwani dntios. in snoh ap ilo ivot ptMlonn tlH3Ui, li!i!> 
 iwsjHVt to those duties only indireetly and ronn)lely, and is 
 in\^MV|Vvly vepivsonted as a willingness for them, not onl) 
 Invanse it respeotvS those ^ood volitions only in a distant 
 vievr and with ivs]vet tolnturo linie^ but also heeauseevor 
 more not these things themselves, but s»nnething else tliiit 
 is ioivign and alien, is the object that termiiiates tlioir 
 volitions and designs. 
 
 *' A drunkard who continues in his drunkenne/^s, boins; 
 under the i\>wer ol^ a love and violent appetite to strong 
 drink, and without any love to virtue ; but being also ox- 
 trenwly covetous and close, and very uiuch exercised and 
 
nF,v. .Toflj^pM MTiuns f'ninstvtAfl. 
 
 )?J 
 
 i»ri»'vril n< I'"' fliMiimili'Mi (if ||i^ oHlfih', fiii'l Mm |tfoop/'ot <,[ 
 |Miv«'ilv, infiy '" " '""* 'fif'i" Mm» viftu" (if f<'»ri|i('r'irifM' ; firrl 
 ♦ lidU^li liin |tn'f"Mtf will \^ fo t^r/if ify liis cnf r'lV.'iiiMnt fipjif'titf. 
 yt'l lio iruiy li'tvf M wi'^li hi I'Mrlpofir riiiiir" m'N oI' iiih'rnpo 
 
 lillltM', fiml rolBllkc lli'4 «'X(^HF1P('H, fliroilull 'Ml Mil will ill^fira«/ 
 
 ttt jKui willi lil^< HMifH»y : Ifut qlill t/iicp on wifli lii.-^ 'Ininlcfi 
 nt'Pfl lilf' wImIm'P (m«l (wi(|»»fiv(iisfUf» ififliillini' rit.Mri'l ifi"(f"ot»nil, 
 -iH'li (I iiiMii liiiM (Ml |irn|iMr, ilirct^f., «fi'l KinrvT*^ willin^rM'Sr* to 
 Inmnkc liiM vine, fiml tlio vifimis «I»m'«|w t|i7if Jidon^to it,; fur 
 ln' iH'ts vnliMil.Miily in ('(intlniiint/ to «lriril< hi f'xcfv-;^ \nH 
 AvHWv. ifl very iinnnipprly iprmoij n willinji;fif^«!'? tu Ic t<>ffipo 
 Kilf, it iw n«i If'in (losiro of tlmi vilt.iio , (or It h not virfu^ 
 llifit trrfMJnfth'R IiIr wIsIm'r , nor lifivo tlifiy any lUrcrX r'>«port 
 ;it nil in it. it is only the ifHtiiny lii» m.ttnrif^ Mfd /ivoi'linir 
 |Mtvoily, tl)ni IcrnilnntnF) Hfi<l n»li/iiiHtfl tlir> wIioIm strfni/thot 
 IiIh <lnRin». Tli" virtue of ifwupfirancio \a r'-L^ird^vl only 
 vtry indlrfotly mimI iniiiroporly, ovnri ns fi, Fjocssary m^uin"* 
 '»l Kr'itif'yln^ IIm' vi'-n oC (lovtitoiisn^iss, 
 
 " So ri iniin of jin oxcrMfJin^/, r,ornjpt nri'l wif;l<'-,fl lio'irt, 
 wild liitH no lovn to (io'l nnd .In.mm (/'}ni«<t, }>ut, on tlio r",on- 
 tr.'uy, bt'lnt/; vory {jroliifMily nri'l onrnnlly inclinful, has th^ 
 <j;n'(i(««Ht <Jii4t,«iMto of tlin tliinj^fl fjf rvX\y\i>\\^ nri'l 'enmity 
 'i.'^iiinHt tJKMn ; yft IxMntr of u ffunily ifint from ori'; ;r/;n<;ra 
 <i..n t,o fuiotlM'.r, Invo inoflt of iliom flirrl In youth, nnd of an 
 lioroditary nortpuinpiion, ond so, liavinj/ liitio }iop(! of living 
 Iohm; , an<l Ijavinj/ btu-n instructed in tho nccissit.y of snpnirrK'. 
 lovu to Christ, find ^ratitu(i<; for iiis death nnd sufferings, 
 Ml <»rder to Imh srilv/ition from eternal rni^^^ry ; if, under 
 lli(!S(! circuTHHtiinee.!., h(! shf)uld, throu(.^h f';ar of eVirnal 
 tonn(!ntR, wish lie had hiicIi a disj^osition ; but his profane 
 ;ind eiirnal heart roinaining, heeontinues still in his tiabitual 
 <listasto of, and enmity to (iod and relij/ion, and wholly 
 
 ii 
 
 i 
 
 
1 V^'J 
 
 MMMnin \)^' rmi 
 
 withoui t\nv ox«MiM«i» i»r llml lovo mnl t\inlih»tl»\ ( 113 «lnnltf 
 
 lo«>« \\W V»>IV «lovlU UmMMBoIvOB, Hi>l\vlll»Hlt»l>(liM|r nil Olf 
 
 »lovillnlnu's«« or<l\»>i« ii>in|HM\ wonlil ulwli loi 11 iioly \ipnt\ , il 
 l»y OvtU in»M\nfl Hu\v otuihl ^rot oui oT lu>ll ) in (♦»l« f«t»Fn> 
 (lu>h» i>» no Minooh» nllUnmioPn (»» lt»vi» (Miiifll, rtml oIhhibi" 
 l»in» ofl Ma oluoC itofMJ Hjoro holy •llfl)»o«>Hionf» mid •»!ipr<M«(") 
 i\»v no< nt nil (h«» dirx^M ohjoot ol' H»o >vlll : llioy Inily pImiic 
 \\o|Mivl ol' (l»o in«»Uni\<ion ov ilofliro ol' llio poiiI , Imi fill in 
 <ovM\io;\<od on «loU\oviinoo h-^nn ioiinonl , inni llii»»o ^mot's 
 tuhl jno\i!* v\>li(ionf», nol\vlll«Btnn«lini>; HUs rut«»o(| i^oUHxtil, 
 {^r^i looko\l npon ns \n»«lof»ivn)»lo, i\m >vl»on n pIoK luiut tloFiin* 
 A ii<>f»o ho jj:'«'rt<'y i\hl\or<< h» pnvo lu« liTo." 
 
 Ki>>n\ i\\\^ il olonrly rtpponrn, <ln«l you Iumo novor rrnllv 
 »lo!»i»>^x' holinop-^, lov \vhK»h yo»i Iwivo Innl no nnno timn fin 
 indiivot \Vish, mm n nooopp^ry inonnp «»r(»POM|tin<). Iioll. Tln« 
 .*»p|nv]\onsion v^rnusovy is nil (hut oxoilop your (inxioly. tuxl 
 sl\\>nM ;i now ivvolntion [\v\\\ ]\oiu'on nppuh' yon, llinl (In 
 nu>uth ol"(l\o pit >v;»M l\»v ovor -/ioHod, yo\ir ii^liiviouH PcilioKndr 
 wxMiUi ho otVwhinUv nllnyod. t\\u\ your ilopii(>M Tor lioliiit'H>< 
 v\>n\plo(olY jio\uv Thnl y«ui ht\V(» hii«l Ru«'h do-^iiroH, ami 
 with j«uoh l\vUnv:j< hnw tMfuK» ournopt imhIvmnmum. iiinl M\\\ 
 \\\\\\\\\\w \\nh»>ly. if« n tnntt«»r \^f xm mr\w\fn\ nml oau novcv 
 ho nvhh\vv\i !VP n jupt Hrgnt\)ont io dippi ovo tlwii fi holv 
 \no\itKUi\M) is nil thnt ip wanting to tnnkoyou holy.ninl (liiil 
 »\t\vu\"so you hiiyo tho uiUuihI rtUilily to bv* holy. 
 
 Thoiv is ;u\othor \\\v\ lust ohjootlon to this iloot rin«» wliich 
 I sh;»U hriolly notivH>. It w this*. If no nuin tnor did. it 
 wo u\rtu ovor will luHvniH^ holy without tho supiTunturiil 
 i«t\uon<H\'iv>f tho IJ^pirit, how can it Iv said with any j)roprio(v, 
 that luon hayo tho iiatural ability to booonio lioly ol' thoni 
 solvos ? 
 
 I answer by askiui* vrlint it is that mikos tho iiilluonoos 
 
iM'V .roqfr.i'M Rt»nn« ('HfuwrMAM. 
 
 i?':\ 
 
 imlitt^ nil <ht' 
 w iuily li'»^»'''. H 
 ) in lltln i»i»f»(v 
 
 ifll, m»tl ollnitpr 
 
 nn mill oxpnMnc"' 
 \\w\ \\\\\y pl»iHi' 
 )iMtl . iMii nil if< 
 ml ll»»''»»» jiinot's 
 
 pit>K iniin dopirt'* 
 
 UNO M»>vor n'nllt 
 I) inoco (linu ini 
 |»in«i; l»oll. 'I'lio 
 o(U- inixioly. '»'>'l 
 
 >•"'». *!'"' 'I" 
 ii>!i(MiH pol 
 
 (.('iIh' M|tirH. »i»*»'pfli<infv in Uuy ♦•«»«♦' 7 (i it Minf fo/ri linv 
 nil iififinnl ln'-nHJop or |iMW«»r lo ol»oy Uo«l ' nr tn If, l»f"'fi(»c/' 
 
 l|ii>V (UP n 
 
 v»'r«o «»(* llK»lr «iwri n^iuttt] |o iimo lliom, wri fiv't 
 
 Minn popliMiii/ llinf, il. will »M'f>»r i'/ivm w»y, HII Hi" Alrfift'.lify 
 Hjiiril mimIimp lliom willing!;; nu nvor«iofi «o Mfii7"fH>«l, Hi'if 
 nil itiio I'Vf'r linfl or will oirlpt wlHiodf, if ? I l«'nv^ y'»t» fo 
 jiidiro ii'iw, wlinllior il. I»M n I'/iir ififori'fiMo, tint b''''fHJ««^ 'ill 
 nioM ni'M lliiiM oliRtifHilnly Ufiwilliri^ (o flf» fit' ir 'Inly, fli;if, 
 llMTnliiin no friMfi ifl mI»I»» Jofjo ik. Tli'* r»i<"f \)iid t^vry utto 
 who lifWMiinow a (tliriMfinn, l»o<^oir»f»H pimiIi fc/ Mi" influ/ fi<;"tt 
 dI'IIip M|iiiil, 'lo<>f» fiot, ffnicli lliM ^jfM>wtiof» of frifiriM ri»»tirftl 
 |Miwor, lull only prov^* t.lio univorflnlif.y of fliis* nnwiilifii/ 
 Mcpq <• Iriilli wlii(<li ift fiof, in fliwptito. 
 
 IJMvin^Hlinw jirovml, I irnwi, Mn»t mII rn^^n hftvo nfjtnrnl 
 iiliilily in nl»oy (io«l, an«l iliul, fitnonly r^««on why tfi^'y f|o 
 rinl, in [Miroly volnniary, in sliort., i« tli'iir tinv/iliini/n'iss : 
 fiiifl liMvirij^ HfiwwrnHl mirli olijortioTm to t.h'', 'lo'itriri'-, fm f 
 ;uM fi(i(jiiftinln«l wiMi, I prof-o*-'! to 'lo^lnc^- firi'l illns;fr?if,^ n 
 W'Vi pnu'licMil inr«T<'no<m. 
 
 I 
 
 rcrnn 
 
 rk 
 
 >s Uio inlluonoo^ 
 
 1. Tlifit, if rrnm linv>i pow^ir fo r,h/y Oof), ///^: ?/)<'/Ar^ /////, 
 dinpnuiiinn (o do tio, in iio rf.r.anc for iHnffhcd.uncj'^ uu<\ 
 tlicniloni t.lini (\(A niny justly con/jmnn th^im for w,int of ;i 
 rJrMit (liHposition. Vory fr<5qumit,ly, wh^in »inn<',r«t «r^, nt'/yA 
 to tlnidutieH of ropcntanw, f»it,h, mA Iovm t/, Co<J, th^r/ 
 pUifid tlint iluiy havo no hoart for th^-m, and h;avc us f/> 
 infer that thny arc not t/> blnrnfj for th^iir irrjp';nit/;Ti<vr, 
 brcrniw; (iod haM not ^^ivf?n thr;m a <lif!^jT^.Tit h^.art My 
 ohjcct under thin hoad of rrannrk, is \/i hKow t,h^; ]i*',TicAt 
 futility of tliiH (joinrnon plea. 
 
 The MoHt High never hlamen for the want of taknt«i 
 which he has not given, nor rcjuires ihf: improvement of 
 
 ill 
 
I'M 
 
 Mit'MnlH M<* \ Id' 
 
 ! 
 
 l'\,\>t |\ lUtUttl til'Mt (lt( MtM itMlttltlliMI lit lMt|t<iM i< 11. MItil |t|vi I 
 Mi^tl 'S ttMlU lit iLMUtHi) IJM llMlthMMUIlMli 'i'liit ttMilHMl 'iIJ 
 
 |ll\ ui\l»»l» lut »mM»Hmh tM» «Mi'«(, \JtnM Itt' fHiliMiH (lit'tll will, 
 )(ll \\\\y \\\\^\\\\i'A\\\\\\*i ltd (MtM'tl M|Ut|M*^, (MifUilliMii'M M pnii,| 
 ^^'>^tet^^\ \\\\\ lltr\ '^ItiMilil iMttjtlov il«)«l MMIIII V III M H|)ltl llt'Mi 
 U»^< . <h'*i i'<. Ht< lhli Th'^ftM t«iMMUl'Ht(l'i 11 «MiM( llMH' jiMtv-i 
 t«^ )^^t«\ . llw'U u-M\i i«l (l«)<llMMl|)tl« It* i|t« »M. i>i t)H niMHIli I 
 ^\Ho»\«!tVH \\\\\ ihi'V ^IliMllil l<t« l<<tlMlHtii| hltHI II MlH II III 
 
 W\^\ \'^S\^\v\\ \\\'\i \\\v\\ \\\\\' )*.M\i'» |t» hIm'V : Mii'l Hit' litl' • 
 ^^^0>^ Uv H\»\<- M^^'h «tu\f tt| i|l-ij»ii'ilHi»h In tli» Nt, In HmI Mill, 
 U\M*^^M\n>v \^\\\ <l\p \rU >\»i»MMil nl llu'll »'tmtlt'lMhMlliiM , 
 '\\\ \\\\V\\AW\^ "HM'ti'-Uj II(mI It ^.»nlil Mi't'UI HM|»tMllMiiM'i lit M'M 
 
 rtW'i ^\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\^\ _ \\v\\^ U H>«l .I'tllv iIimUi'iI liy fiMliiln Mid! 
 >«\hH>*\"^, \\\\v\\ ll\.'\ \\\^\\^ Ihi'li ^vMhl III 11 iHlliih'hl lii'Mil, 11! 
 ^\\ ^^<«yn^-4' il^i h.<| ^^i'Uhp ilUl'iMcnlU M»»l IIih |i|Iiii'I)'Ii- i 
 
 y\»'|'f i:\oV U^^wly'i^h'il \\\ lt\<' lultMi'iMn-!!' Ill ItinttMH MiM'll'lj, 
 WUOU' <Ut" \\\\'\\' \\\\\\ »♦!' ltli)»iH|||,M( |ri MiMi'l iMMlMJilrn'il M 
 \ ;\\U\ \^\0'^ \\'S Mu' U«M\ |<«Ml'mU'M\iM' I'l ilttly ll M 'Itliiii'! 
 
 \\'\v\Hyyjji*^i\\^.« \\U Mn>\ U \\ 111 \\\\[ \\\M\ Mtu. lied lit- kpvi'I Ii'^I 
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 ^y^^■\n^^\\T\\^\v• ^U'S^^^^iiHiM^ |-t I lliM\» «'»IH>I I'l III" <'IM(i|i>(im!ll I 
 ^r^^^^S>^y\l \\\\\^ U \\\ \\v\\\\\\[\\\\\ hilly mI'Ic Ii« wimIi, n<ri( 
 <l\^ ^v* \yu\\\«(iivMi'!. will \\\'i uuimIov »<nM«ilili>» II «i»v <"<t'it 
 S\\Ai \\\' *A\'* ly<* ^l^^**"* <^**< l»'Vo lo wolk, !uul I'Im'Im IttM inilii 
 \y^n* ^\^V U^\^\ ^ \\ \ v\\\\\\ \^v>\\\ i\ WMUl ol lovo Mini iiv't|MM'l 
 <s^\ \\H ^V-^yVWt, r1«i rt »\^rt«01\ \W l\U UlnlHUhl! MHil lIlHlilMxIipiil 
 Vv^\\\\wt, \S\\\ \\U ^^JU^»\\^ >M\ {\\M ^\\v\\[\[\ !il««j,i|v«> liilit In'iii 
 
 ^\< \\\\i\ \M\p\{\y^\\^ '' No uioh* h H nt}\M(MnMi> lui- n Hiniin 
 l\v o\\ss'Hl\Al owv l\o:»vtM\ly Klnj), MushM. nhil I''mIIiim. will 
 wI'iWj'V hww <\\v\\v \\{^ oM (,!".!»( l»M\f» to olunlioiu^o. Imm'iiuh«> \\v 
 
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 II Mm! II liM' 
 
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 11 
 
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 I ( <ir(fiiM"'Hl'((( I l(M Itininilii ftn/ Ifij/ Irir. / .iiri \ >('• l/r^/'Jl 
 
 1,1^1 /||"|(/|f<|(|(if» I'l h|(/>^^ /U|/| //hi^ttt'/hf hi M /"i||r/J Mr 'ffl 
 
 mcchmkI, fMM^ |f|(-M'l Id't '^hiil nt 'Utilihti'iVintf htffhtr-^^ nti'1 it 
 iIimI ((!/>'( !(/' "(||<I_ ll(M W(ff(r/<fo'< titf^/ifi /tr \\'i^. f,ii\\,hn/ tniff/' 
 
 l<i ruiy (/( liifM (Im (»M<r'f I'f ItHM |)f»fiH 'Vffli (rof^iinit/ Aff't 
 
 llii t( t(|iMf) lliirt ^ii\ni')p\i\ ^t\{i'i\i-!i't li \itAi\yt fl)f(»«^ hh #;)«/</•«» 
 
 IiImCK'H |(My/(fJ(| dm f/<'(/.|, ,,t |i/r.f|/./»! ^f,/j ff,/.f, U^,i,H ff,|« 
 
 |i( iiM(|(l(<, If H(" I'/li'flc fdnrd iifiljl'fty ht Oo'l '•fi/rfd'l ("^hf-l 
 
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 lltinf lilin Mih' <f('(ff(Mfj(^ l|(f>/ t//'»irM "fff'/'hi'rily p|rr/U( fh^'/^i 
 fhlv'MH |(hy/(f('l III" 'rlrlljM((('»f|fi /»f liM {«'//_ rrri'l Mi' 'yrrff.fol '/f 
 iii" I'Hr'nf fiMd'Ml ( l^(r■ ifcy /«/fM|/| /(ll Ifi^n ^flf'n'j a '^rtrd. 'rf 
 i|if(|(Mr<(l|(i(( I IjiMri Miin [(r)f(/'((/P', f fi^ .f i»'V/' /rf fill ^ti/f ti'' /t-t 
 ' 'ill MM (ilfMrclMf I'l 'i f'W'If/rfMhj/, fifi'l fill Mr" p'■r^ff|^1^^ in fu'' 
 I'liv (|i-riM(nM""l iiit'\'iii"A f rfifin^^^rtsil'ifi^ nr' rri'f' tjti'^ii/ 
 lliM'MiMiitii'" 'l'lii-1 n\titinlriitiri )fff)r»''1pl'' r?f 'ifif'i' .<*f'i\tf^. ,»t 
 llio r»iiMM)'ll(Mfin 'if JolioVfili't (lif'irio, ftr»'l 'I'0|"1 hi^t f't'/hi 
 \'i K'iiOi fil. fill A fi'l y<'f, if i-1 iri/'»l7'-'l in ffi'' t'i(/'rttif f,'-f 
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 111 Mot IIimI, III!''/ (|o. 
 
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 hnwirnMM, IIm» I«"!k f|o»!f«f vlf»}'. (T ll'' of pufii^hfri/'fif,. ^or if i 
 iliMiii('liiiMl|/ifi l<» 'Idly iM M r''fii<»ri wli/ ori'- vtliMiM no* K" 
 I'iKiifiliivil (or ilM ri/'jfl('<'f, Micfi )» wfroTij/;^!' '1i^iri^'liri5»ti/,n i'^ ;i 
 •Irdfija'f r''M»iOf» why Ofi/' ^liouM not. hr, piirii'-?fi'"I for 
 il't n'>|«|r»'f , fifwl lliiiM nn IIk- fJiwlnrlifinhOTi in<',r^n«!/';a! in 
 Hlrivfi^rlli, (looN Mi<» (>!r^fi«n '^^l(',rt'n<f.f^ in if«« ynlidify fJnt 
 ll" Id f(w>| M 'li^ifi^linnfion for 'Inly »?< ^iriruj, -i ^.tror\'/^(',r 
 'llMin^lifiMliuri \n fnof<wl/<<.p|y ;<inrul. Ao'l if fh^ ^troni^f!)* 
 Ilin <liHin(Oinnl)<»Ti, Dtc rnor^i valid t,li<; (</AC;\m^',^ tli^n th". 
 mor(( (jwiply ninf«l, Ui^ fnorn v/ilid thft et<Mi««, that I?i. th« 
 
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 M»i'MiMH (»|i IMM 
 
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 \-v\ln. H <«im| h'H nnl •« »lp.l«< ••» tliMM'iMil m Imlv til"!'" 
 
 ^\[\\s\\ ol" H*!*'!!^ ui\«< l^lUi' II nol, hl« l«tH »«'» il»»lll In "li 
 
 inr^ntl nnyH^Ino nl lIuMn I'Nm lu« luf^ hh vli'Jtl In tli<in)uii| 
 
 <\il\n!\l »\i>lli<\, l>t j*iMViM. i«r l!«iMM ulllt'l* ht' llMfl Mni I'lMlt 
 
 ^^wn^loih'd I^IomH, nMi'h l»i< l»H^ tiitl pnlni«<l''il Ni-i 
 
 will H Im' ^MA, \\\M II \\t»M|tl ln« lljtjtf 0«t- l«lltl In tlt'Ultltiij 
 
 >vioK<M^^»»'»'^ 'M '\n Mnhoh tllMpiMlllon. Tin* "iily olltii 
 
 O^i^Uv \vl\lol\ I'l i«»lV \\\\\\A\ ll" t"!»M tllMMMOtl, I'l l«tl||m<«««, Of M 
 
 \\\\\\ 1\o:ut t^nil ir ho n»ny '»"l jtHllv tlt'tnuml fAitf mI" iliu-u- 
 who htuo il ni>i. ^u'<l<''» H l'»'' j'Himho I»i» vulltl Itn ikmv 
 \\\'^\.) \\w\\ \\\\' MojI \\\)\\\ l»'H «l»Mt»lMh«lv no riolil Im ill' 
 
 yU:>U<\ r\\\V lhi\\«\ »>ritu« f»{nMiM. 
 
 Aa;u\K <r <hi'» rxiMHo Im» rt ^i»oil one, Hhmp h nn wiit-li 
 ♦!\\yVii ?v« "lin iu 0\(« \vovl>r !•'«»»• nil mIm \\\\\y Im» iimIiumxI In 
 rt NV;\n( or vi;\l\i »ll'!|M< iliou. «n»l IT \\\o\\ n\v n»»i lt» Mtnni' 
 t>NV Ou's. ihov ;\h> not <o Mi\hh» Tov «nYll«l'«ii, ninl IIump i>^ 
 
 \5i":\i\v in oO\Mino Hu-* o>on«*o. wlnnors ni><»nM'4fuily «'<"• 
 *\omn tl\o ovvv Mo?»?»o<l l^vl liiKo Hn» tin|Mt»Hl«l»l(» wot v(»ni 
 >v!\,> \\\\\ \\\n n\rt«t»M''s trtloni, thoy oouio inio his jMr'Scnci' 
 ftn\^ ?»j\y, " 1.«M>1 ' I know (hoo, <l\rt( Ihou ml t\ hmil inui. 
 Wi\|Mn»i wUo^v tl\\n\ l\;\<»< no< sown, fuul ^nlhoiiu}!; wlu'iv 
 tlv>n h;\^< n\>< ?j(\vwx>»i " \\\ invsonlinjv <Mfl i»xoii<ai>. yon 
 tt\\\nx .iU <l\\^ \>lnno i>n (io\i, I'Nm* ho lAw.v »l(>nuuitl your 
 ^o.M*. (howiih y\>u hnvo no isposiiion fo t)lvi» li lnn». uml 
 h»^ <)\\v,itvns v\Mt \»i(l\ on^lloss inisorv if vo\i tlo not ooniplv 
 Now \f rour ownisx^ is t>\>o\l. {\\>y\ is \vt|«irlnp, wliul is nnl 
 njil»*s n!vy t\o is vlv>invj, ?vni !\n inlinitv wrono, in ilir(?n(on 
 \n5i \nt\n\to ww. With nil tl\is. v\>u l»v inipliontioii 
 oliArgv him, i\\ xour Mf justit'yinjj; |>Ioj»p, lunl hII tlii!» if» 
 
M» V Itin^.I'll Hf'MiMM rffMf' fvf AM 
 
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 » « li»l)l III <\i 
 i.|H ill ili'Muni'l 
 « ItMn tinl iMHit 
 
 litl« in )|i<IIIMIt'l 
 • V!»lltl Ih' IHMV 
 
 it>h> h nit rtni'li 
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 o, nnil ll>tMi> i-^ 
 
 oIllnMo wovv(»nl 
 
 Inl ii Itmi) ni'tii, 
 
 Ills oxiMiRO, von 
 y ilon>m»«l your 
 livo ii him. i\n»l 
 Llo m»l ooiuplv 
 L> wl»i\l is tuH 
 |\j». in tlnHMiton 
 »v in»i>lionti'^" 
 \\\\y[ rtll tlii:' i"^ 
 
 ynfir MmI^'-J ** 'I'lM'y will Ii/' mII r/i||/-'l IrrW'k (i|,'.ri y'.u 
 
 Ity fill Alinli'lily MMii, nii'l will (mII willi nfi ov'-rwlt^lrnifiy 
 w»'l|»lif mimI 'III"!! yod, iTii'if r"|r'<rthvl fii' vt\ti](^ y-' /'ni nr/- 
 III IliM wiiy witli V'liir «»lv««rnfiry 
 
 A('m'". V'"* '•"V'-r fi'>''ii|i( Mif/ili fi p|/<fi i'rtiui nft'iih'r wh'fi 
 ymi «ri» III" )>'iily ifijiir'«'l, fifi'l M<'iriovr< /Iomi fi/»f, Min'l you 
 Wlicfi II l'''ll'»\v "lofiMir" iH«itro«i«iMi ii'id linfy't ym, yon i\<i 
 
 irtf dl'IMII lli'll (>irfMI«''(| llMl'IIIMM li/' |(|«fi<|t< Hint Ii' \,it^ f,f, 
 
 lii'lif ilh|niM|li/iii f(iw«r'l«« yiiii, Afi'l wli/if. rMi«iofi <Mf» yon 
 
 'IUHJjrll wliy 0(1(1 flllMIlM ll<«('«1((f, M(|/l|| /I |;|o/l /VoiO //Ml / N'ly, 
 (ll(-ll< lll(> IIMMflMllM ill wIiImIi l<0flWlj/'f|(1/'^ i\tl\l 7/ill }>^ f|/» 
 
 |(tii|'(>r Mil('iii'((l, 'ijp»wil<M /(III, iifi/| iviri/lMirifm y(»n for /|/»ifi;( 
 lliiii|(M, iiIiIkiii 'Ii wImmi y/ni 'li/l (I 
 
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 Ihlll, y/Mi 
 
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 fi'> 'lin^;^''-'! 
 
 lion lit (|m iillicrwiMiv Tlio f/ik/i wlio i»< /»v/-rljil<' m wifli 
 iliiiiiio, poVMlv, Mini 'lJM<«ii«/', l»i(f,i'rly <)/»ii/^'frifi«i Itiwin^rlf, 
 )illli(uii'li III liiM i''iriw«r (if li(u«fif,i/»nMfMm« li/- li/i/I fi/. /li^M/ni- 
 
 lion iiMln iilli(«i wi(4'». 'I'do /v»iivi/it<»/| Hififi/»r ft'in/J/wnfm liirri 
 Mi'ir, wIh'II III' Mi»oM l.liM Tdtwl <i/in«o/jii/'fio/)M /»r lr/ifi-<v;f''/'4)<i/;ri , 
 lliMii^li Ml, llio limn of liJM (|iH/»l»('«liiifi^u*, li^ li?i/| fi'p <\tn^/tnl 
 linn ill ili» ollnTwiHi*. 'Mi«^ ':f»f»H /»!' .Im<*,/»|», nft^r f,fi/iy h/vl 
 iiliiifliMl ilii'ir l»folJH*r .loH('(tli , I'liftrii/fli, fif'l^ir fi/; l»fiyJ j;<;f 
 •Hind ill rornMJiij,^ id i>inMfinipnio ilio I.MrMolili'iM , HujI^ nfUif 
 III' liMil wimroij tlio \mnUik\\m \ nu(\ .lu'laH, a I'M; r ho hfi/^1 
 liolrayod iimoiioiii Mnod , nil o/m/iofnno/l i\t(ifuv.\v('.n fht 
 llinir oondiini. Mliliiiiiuji ai ilm tijno aS' ii^ i}io,y l»a/l no <\\i^ 
 |Mi<)itiori III M(d> in a diiforoiit rrwiriri«'T. An/) uil 'A\ui\(;r%^ 
 Moniior (ir iuii^r, («iilipr wlion tho \\^\\\, of conviciion Hhail 
 puur upon ihcir liniiriH in ihiw world, or Mi<! ii^^lit of^it/irnity 
 lihMik n|ion tjicir viHioii in tho rinxi, f^orcfjivinj/ th(; fai»^. 
 ni'Hfl oftlMjir plna, »nd tlioinsdlvoH Klripp<;/J /*f' cvory cx/iusft 
 
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 IIMIiMU t»t MM' 
 
 cil tiN »n'(hi' one fi'Mi l*t'HtM Mi-lf htMtlt'il)»t' v'liii ii-mIII mI 
 
 P\»ir^MM"i Wllt^ llx' tMlli'j \\\>\\ < iMI t"(M 1(1 tmv tt'lf I 
 »'t»M\»«rit l'^* H*r\\Mnf ol l\Mlh»r«i'i \iM1'Hi' )»» itiirMi»M)ni|f i.nu 
 KUMi'^W oi p\nit Pt* IhHm M" Vi»n J-MVI'V \n|||'!rll trill) Hi 
 
 'i\\\AA 1^!" -^rH'ln MlHtv^Ht'H. tlu' MntMt^- mI IIm' MmhI I^H|tlti\ 
 M^^wv Vivir^ \oM) l»i"Uf Mi» liMV"; M't \'Mn hcnl'^ m»p ill- 
 
 |VN*l»V^ t\^ ^h'•^tt l\i^ h?U1l|'« M'tMnilt'* MMil ff'l llin CMftl'! n( 
 
 \\\< ^'^^\v■^^\\'*\\< \\\'>\\\ \\'>\y, \\v \\v\\ •tiMclli In llic luvir«'ii" 
 
 \\\\\ \-»\'y\\'\\ \\'^\\y\\A\\\ r\>\\\ ti«^ \OmImMm MMtl"llM)i|»'M»<«Hf 
 r\\''ltM\^^^H Ur \\iliiM»' ♦(< v(iM< ViMIV^I'ht'M tH V"M Mff. 'Mul 
 
 •\ol*\VM\!tM!o\M\lv\1 \on i«tM' l,iltt' wcH'i'nnili'fuiU'il Ii-mIImp'. 
 tio t^^o tnhr^ •0^«^^1< \ o\H n('fl<M \\\\\\ viMH nnn I»MHi|m 
 
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 '>)>i^ 1^^^^^v \»>MVM('l\t«'< MpiM» Hii' nii'tcv nl Hh 
 
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 t^r h>^s\N>)r\Mo «J,nilt, i\)\\\ fl\«' VnltMnpilon nl' \ oMT mmmIw Pt«f|Mi. 
 
 Tl^o <l^otvi^»> of^^H^'n ^•^hMr>l mImHIv IvH Imm*M IHMiIc I" 
 \v?\v >\)'>\''» thr «v\«!«' «>r tho \iniMMn«Mli'i| niMMiM- 1 1 Ii-h 
 ^<vn sVx^ww \h-\t, ^^♦v<«s»^'*<»iM«i po\T»M- In mI<i<v, Ills* nnfil d 
 ^>^oU^^:^t^\M^ •\^h>\\t<< of^^o |M^s««iM(' »>M'n«i» 1 1 rtMinin«i In rIhmv 
 t^l^y vi tM^)* :^^^ « ^u\l IvmiUii \ipon iho o(\'<i' .W' llio tM»MviMl»Ml 
 «:A\^Ni, l^xs\ ^\«^t \^}\\x (i>iMinMrM\<N \\\'\{ \\\o s)iiini>i- pIimuM 
 \V^V>\'I :^rx\ on\\M;\oo tt\o ii>>?»prl. iMtl ll»,Mi llu» PMJnt sImimM 
 Vo ^v^fxViU ^«^l^. ^\\\\ !«<> f^f ?\!« ho oonyof? sIwmI uP il Im> i^ 
 'i>^t'^!cv^Y!^:<»\^V \M\ t^o ^r\\\w »2;hM\ni{ <Ik\I IIu^ unviMMMUMliMl pjii 
 Vrt'^t Y'S \^>^''\VMpnlM\\ Ni^twvj^l n\Mlitv <o |UM<onn niir wind.' 
 
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 fiM Mfl^ 'if( ''MtMl f(f»'« ft ^if'ttf^f^ Ifcllffffl'fO f'r fri" fi'rj/ Th'' 
 
 (lie nllt'-f li'i't f(" ifi'')(f»ltl'rf» 'if fill 'th'' fhff'r''fif(> }if-^iflff>f>fi 
 M "fflflf H('"fl ''trfll '(fi'1 ff ff^tifif In \u'*l'f''tt i->^ Mitt fh" 'rr»A ht*! 
 
 •I |i'ifllf«l ififllfifili'ifi f'l \u' ffily, fifi'l M»^ oMi'-r fn" > pf'ff"^^ 
 (fi'-lifciliint Im If ft M^fW ft« «f»frif«( nui\ n'\f'Uf'fA pfrv-^rt^ fh'- 
 ■■'(in" fifiliKfil filiilif/ >M !''• Ii'dy Ml" •"•ffi* I' fi'r rrior" f^tffnP 
 -ill!" C'lr III ' '."iryific fifr'l hit^ii^rti-fl ifi^lin'iU'fn Minn fhf nwriff 
 i'l fftr lil» f'ifffi wfifil 'if ff rlff)if. Ififlffjftfirrfi. Hk* ^Arvftfif. w>?'r 
 «"iH(«« Ififily )fi M' ffl'l'^^r'« ^ff»j»loyrfir'fif )«( fr-^frr-)iofm\h]f* 'tn 
 ♦ li" w'Hfi" I'i'iMfi'l, MiMMf'li titii hi th(i nrtfiif' ''•irffvTtf, '^ith fh'' 
 "/•rvMfil wli'i will fi'il w'irit fit. fill A fi'l y'-t rrnrrf/ Chr)<^tf^fi 
 |,(.r»ririo «|i'"ilf fifi'l fi'i'\ fi«< ffi'ni('li Mk'/ -^"r'* rKr^. r^tf^rr* r,i 
 llii'i Tli'v I'Kilf fi'if'l< Kjio^ flK' 'lfiy«< ftf \)i>'\r 'tuff'^^oiif^rnf'j , 
 ■iii'l liciilily <-'»fi'lMfiri Mi''ir f•^f^rfl^f^r nm \uf'T(fn'»j\}i\<\ 
 lull i;f««' lull liMl" jMiilf in ftfif Irr-ifij^ fi^-W '/rmfly frior" li'fly 
 ili'iii Mi"v riri' TIk-/ rt'tmnti rriiK'li lllr'^ fli" irrif/'riifAf,t, 
 \vli"ii Mii'y M|)"fil{ 'if Mif F^ff^rif^t!! of ffc'ir f/irfnfA'iOT)^ ^«< 
 •"iii"tli)fiu wlii/'li lli"y f^fifififrt ^K'lp, iri'l i-r^'vi"'^ ♦h'»ffi«A'l'/^^ 
 ill III" wMiil III" MMif" inlf'fiflf'ly fioly r/><*iiri;/-», \f<^^.iiu'*f) (WA 
 lirq mil jiivf'fi lliMfi lir^^^^f m(ynmt(\% <»f hl«< ^f/'^c^. .Vow thoy 
 •iri> Mfim"W"illiy, nof rriorf'ly f»f» fho (^rr/TfrKl Hi^f; th'^ir 
 '(irolf'iss wmII< fiM'l ifi'lf'Vof Ion ftfiv^ 'I'^-pTiv^'l Mitci of fho 
 'trt^'cr {'ITMsidim nf Hio Mpirif, wlii'ih rf^rn^'ly tho wroric^ di?- 
 l»Mqili(in of flin lif'jirf, )}\\Y <ir» tho hrofvlrr M^i^ of thoi? 
 luthini! iiliiiily, wliifli ni nil lirnr'«?f»hlij/fi«; tfKTn flf^ ?)o/yiiint-'»M^ 
 ' I'Mifiirrp, not morfly tf» hn [>'trtirt)ly, but, f/!Tr'''^',fly holy. 
 Ilrnirn oii<{;l»t tlio cliiMmn of Ho'l to fo/i\ that th^.y -^hoiiiidl 
 
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 ai 
 
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 i:u» 
 
 MMMnni nj. vilf, 
 
 xv'uH (<1 piMViM. l«nl ol' iliflpMHltinn, Im liii«tiMiM'«l»li» ; llml i\iu\ 
 }\i\'* n ri«>ht lo ilomruul (hrii piMliMMlun ow \\\r iMniiml n| 
 flu'iv nMlih, \\i<hi>ut ivvlm» Hto inllMi«ni»i«M mI" |»I«< Hplfif , 
 lhr»< P\ii'h i ' ll\riv (♦niliv <li^i»H»limi<i«tn (m pi-iri'iM Imllinwy 
 tIrU it ii»'\<M will !»(' (UMMt'omo, oxoopf liy (Iii«h(»v««»pI|^h mul 
 ,'ilnii|ih(v pi^wn o{' lhi» Hplrlt ; mipI <Ip\1 nil Hd'if jIi'sImw 
 ri1>or p«M Tool holini'Sf^, hd loni» »m tlu'V '»'•' ""♦ p'Mli'clly linly, 
 l\Ko tl»i» •sinniM'^ tloMlr«»n tiHiM- ropiMHunn', Mif nol prnpii 
 ilivivt. t\\\\\ fini'ovo. 
 
 2. Thr\f ir iwi'n poMffOPs unttirnl nMlity Im "In miil In lie 
 ^\ll tluU I<0(1 V(>i|\nros. it rollow thrtl lln»y MVf ni»l pMH^ivi' 
 \u \vir«M\orrt<ion 
 
 Thoi'onuuiM^ o|>ini»)n, tbrtt ilopnuil V (»nnMiHN in n tlcpifu 
 •^i 1\o;\vt. o\i-*<i\y<.>; nntiMi<>\ <o iloprJWi'tl rcclitio'j ; ||)m(; il i^ n 
 «M>nstit)ition:\l nu\\ plw^ionl ilopriwiiy imlrpcudtMH ol' onr 
 will, n\y\\ <lr<t n>u:iMiorn<ion, wl\iol\ vtMnctlips il. i^ u luiivuMj 
 l»>\is oiv:\tion ol' !\ now nntuiv, Th^in \vlut«h linly I'lM'liinM 
 spri»\«r, tlh% ]^n>«iiiotion «>!' ji hjmv fjUMilly whii'l) 1h(» siimor 
 now- ]>t>sso!«s»vi U^rnv. n\\y\ tlu» inrnsion nT i\ nt»\v principle 
 whioh >ii\ist Iv possos«»o<l in onlor ti> r»MuIor Mm «'upnl)lt' of 
 ho\\ fivlinirs. is inoonsistont with tht» lioolviuo nl' nmu's 
 natur.il .•xbility to «U> nil timt (Jod roqinros; or rIwiII wo not 
 r.-xthor say. <lv\t \\w ilootrino ornuin's ni<\ii;il nhiliiy iasub 
 vorsivo of s\ich r^n '\y\oA of his passivity in roironomtioi\ ' 
 tM"»l ci^miDsnds niiMi to m!\ko thorn now hoiirts ami n new 
 spirit. Ho ni,\kt^s it thoir duty to bo reu;onor!ilo. An<l 
 mon hr\\v n.itnr.Al ability to do and to bo all that(^>d com 
 niands. \hu iC i\\ijoncrAtion bo tho civalion of a now 
 physical iaouUy. an operation in which man is passive, lio 
 
 m 
 
 ,...-^- 
 
lilt iinil In lti' 
 
 Mi^v f'»M»rf'H NtffihM i<iini'*rsiA». 
 
 l.-lt 
 
 nl iH in tvlil«'li WH nti'fin^nii'r, \\i' r'v|»ilrf< tittflihn/ nl' un, Wo 
 
 i((|i(iH'M llifil W«« hIi'MiM Iim itrfiif Ufinfi^ ui}\ flifif »'''- nlnnihl 
 
 I Miif il j« ovi'l"iif, flifif. Ilif |tr»«vnl<'fit. i'l'<'i ofpff^Nivlty 
 M>L;t«ri''»Mf i'lti (jiiihf ffilMffilcMM Ml" fi'ihir" '>( fliif ^ll'^f»l?''. 
 1 1 iilhilMifcM frmrtil nlifirM'*("r ('» PMfnffliifii' wliirfi ^ti«»f<i 
 
 '»» 
 
 Ml 
 
 •lIllMinr 
 
 (n Ml 
 
 ic vdliinfnry, fiftiv ♦•t^r"l«('^ of Hio k'hiI, for 
 
 f Hi 
 
 il. f> 
 
 wliifli til'iiif fMfiH«»j«'fiM(» nri'l M'Tipttir" 'Kwlfiro »i«i r''Mp/»rmif»|/'. 
 Ai'-iin, fill tlifif fli»» 'livjfi" law fMfji(ir''« i« low " Lovft i« 
 
 IIh' III 
 
 "'I' ' 
 
 rii 
 
 M' KIW. 
 
 " Tll^lflli^,of'tl,^HpiriU^lo7ft." 
 Tm iii'ikc M IM'W liffif f, tlif«fi, ffi<'Mf»M rioMiifii^ frior«? tfi;ifi fo 
 
 . l("'ll'|Mf' 
 
 holy 
 
 InVO 
 
 Am'I 
 
 Ih h ifififi pHMHiv in tlio f•)r^r<•i^^^ ' 
 
 lidly I'lvo ? Tliif* vi<»w of IIm* Hulijfof, ifl fij/r"Ofil>I'< to tfi'i 
 i'X|M'riniii'«'of fill who liHvo »'Vor fimiorrio rr?i/f«fif;r/ifr!. 'Ifi'-yfiro 
 iiuf »«(inH»'lniif« oC fJMi nrofiHofi of nny fM^w jKiW'ir, of tho 
 iiiriiNiMii ofaiiy iM'W (irlfMMpIo in wlii^li t.li»!y ^(\r<' |»fi«sivri, hut 
 !in' iiH'rcly H'-iiHiMo oC tliM »«x«!rriH»' of niiw fioly fV'lifij/.a, 
 wliirli llif'y know ifi'l^wl Mi«y w'mjM novor, if Irff. f,o Mi<;rn 
 '^I'lvMP, lifivf' <'lioFi«'fi to oxfirrip*', ImiI, in wliifih fli'iy w<irn rn 
 
 (liititi 
 
 (I finl 
 
 holy \'i 
 
 tl 
 
 ooiifi'^s U\('.y t'.^f'.r (ixcr- 
 
 vniiintiiiy ritMl finMvonH in any tin 
 (•jfltMJ. They not in Immii^ ncXoA upon. \i onnnot, h", Mfi^iwri 
 ill wliiil, rcHpcnt Iho firwt holy <'XCirri«f) diff«!rH from uuy of 
 lli(> piilmiMjHont onofl, oxnopt in ii3 hnin^ thf) fir.^l. An'l if 
 !i Hiiini in nolivo in fill hifl Riihsnfjunnt holy oxfirciK^-sof rniri'l, 
 wlml. riiHPon (Uiri ho fi«Hij/nf5'l why ho is not, in i\if) fir^t ' 
 Till! PiiiiH' jiowfT whioli ho^ftn Friunfc pfjrp^il.uni^, holiness in 
 his hoarl, fuifl fifl ilio wiint, is activo in {K:rpotu/it^;'i holines?!, 
 so is ho activo in <3omfnofioinj< holiness. 
 
 A^'iiln, if tnnn aro naturally ahh) t/> do thoir who!'; duty, 
 untiling hut fhoir unwillino;n(!HR koops thnrn froi/i it. If 
 tli(7 W(!ro willini^, if thoy had holy inclination??^ thoirduty 
 would ho piirl'orrncd, and the firnt exorcise of t.ho.% would 
 
 III 
 
 li 
 
i;v> 
 
 MT'ViMu or r\}v 
 
 1>o notivo in fhi"* ? U ri »v^n p.msivv it^ willinii <o l>ol)(,l\ 
 «>r in holv inolinntions ? Mon niv no( b.>nntH«> |v>??pos'» (lu 
 inflnontv*: of flio Spirit of^toil, iW ^]\\'^\^ tl\<\\ o;\nn«^i com 
 ni!\n«t Tlioy f\\\^ \\\n\wy\fn^i\ in un»*tM\t^>11.0>li' RoviMoiojt^tv 
 )h\i {]w\ 1V0 l>o\\n»^ t«^ p(>BSOPs <l\o«o l\oly ioolinoH winoli 
 <h?»t. Spirit piNi<hhV">?i. Tlioy nro boun»1 toli.ivonow honrt*. 
 ♦hftt i,«!. l'>i>]inos<!. St> lonjY «» mon iK\\\\ <]\;>< ro'ion»M!\<itMi 
 is jeoni*^ mir.ionlouF oporntion in whioh {\w\ ;\ro\y\^^'\\'\\.\\\^ 
 n<NV,«sf\riIy mnst Iv wvouoht liy ^n ao^Nnt \vlniO\ \]wy \':\\\ 
 not o«MiiinAn»? ; fo lonjr, in short, !><» tlio n^nv honvt i. 
 suppoAN^ to bo ?\ny tinnji Ivsi^^Oi* iho first ovoiviso of holy fool 
 insrs. tnon will »?onv nu'^ivnntnral nlnlitv t<> l>o holv, r<M>( , 
 :>ll ovhort.itions to Iv oonvortoi^ i\^^^\ novor fool tho fov.v 
 of tho oMiir?ition t<> mfiko thoni \ioxv ho.-irts rtn«l n now 
 spint 
 
 1 ivniark. 
 
 »^. If sinnors f»r<> n?>tnrally nMo to 0\Mnply with thoir d\U\. 
 f\r\({ vet nnwillin.'j to «1o it, wo avo fnrnisht^l \vitl> a s:\tis 
 factory iwonoilifition of thoso pftss!\p\^s «if soriptnrc wliiol 
 spoak of ropontnnco. faith. an»l lovo. as TJian'ft Jvfy, will 
 tho5»o passfjiTos which spoak of them as fi'o./'.v gif). \t 
 explains tho consistency «"»f man's hoinc: in somo pi:\ccs 0(Mii 
 mnnv^oii tc^ mnkc them new hearts, nnd the now hoAii 
 being in other places said to be the work oC tho Spirit nii.i 
 
 In the fii*st place, men by the very pi'>sscssior. (>f nntnvA", 
 nbility. are lni(^ nn(^er obligationji to be holy. The naiiira'i 
 talcnt.« with which (rod has entrusted thoni they r.nght t>^ 
 improve by the exercif»e of holy Affections. A]^^] what thov 
 onsrht to (lo, God has a rieht to commanti them to do. 1: 
 is therefore riebt in tTod to command men to ioNC him. to 
 
Hwv. .w»Mt>HMi FiTinns «'iiinHTMAP. 
 
 la.'l 
 
 ^V onnu<>i com 
 
 i:\VO now 1lo;\Tts, 
 \\\ vooo<^«'Vrt1ion 
 
 ■]\w]\ \\\oy *':in 
 \o wow ho:\vt i- 
 
 > ho \\o\\\ ro)>. 
 n- \W\ th«^ r>^v, , 
 
 witl^ Ihoiv (hity. 
 
 iN^ with !\ s.'\li^ 
 
 sovi|>tnvc wl»iol 
 
 (^o,rs gij\. It 
 (MUO \^ i:\COS com 
 Iho now honvi 
 f tho Spirit mi^i 
 
 It^ssiou of nntuvn'. 
 
 The natnr.i', 
 
 [^ they t^//^<7^' to 
 
 And whtit thoy 
 |th(:'m to do. 1" 
 
 to unc liim. tc 
 
 vt')t«'nt, «M»1 Ix'liovc iti CImIhI. *V\\v\y |in\\«'i In <|<) pk ItiyH 
 (liiMn \init(M' oMi^iiliouH to dii ro, IViihi wliioli IIm'^ (miii in im 
 uiso lH»oX(Mifloil. Ami Ihmhm' (In- |ini|)ri«>ly <•(' HpoHkiii}.', nf 
 lovo, ropontMniM', »ml Tuitli, rts )>i»»t»'« •/»///, ami ur|i;ini; liiiii 
 ft> its iinin('<lif»to poi Toniuim'*' Hut iti tlin lu'xl pljuv, (liou^li 
 ilii^ if \\\\\\\u «lnly, ho Ih uhnliiuilcly tinwilliii^ to lio i(, niid 
 th:»t is I\if< (lo))rr\vily. llrj>;« luin to do It, ply liiiii witlnill 
 \\w ii\(lu(M'nHM>lfl which iho, wlwtin niri^ra/itu! orimlli MlFordp, 
 iHil in \\\\ tho w.ivf^ which iho whoio HVRloin uf niciuifl <mui 
 pivsont tl\on», and ho will itIuro. Tho wiiikod will tvniti 
 n\i(> to do wioKodly. 1'ho\i^h (!hri«i niopt ((Mnloily inviicH 
 liim, ho will not ^o \in(o him thai ho ini^;ht havolilo. Now 
 (Jod, wh«) f'Ov^H hitn in thlH M;uilty fnuno of mind, porooivos 
 tlK\t ho o;\n, by tho ainiiirhty inlluonoo of hiw »S|»iril. upon 
 tho hoart, roiuovo his obstinaoy, and nmko him wiiliig to 
 lov(\ ro])ont, atnl holiovc ; a»»d whon ho doijH it, ho in Haid 
 to y»jT him lovo, ropontanot , atnl Oiith. Hut is it not olonr, 
 that what (tod hns i!;ivon him ho wan Ixnind of liimH'di* to 
 h.'uo. and that tho oxorc'"OH of lovo, ropontanoo, and faith, 
 which arc (lodV uift, woroluHdiity lioforo («odf;rtvu tlicni ? 
 And it wo\dd Ivavo W'x'W right t«» Inivo urgotl him to roliu- 
 >juis]j his obstinacY, boforo (lod Hubduod him by hin graoo, 
 ind made him willing in tho <biy of ids power, and if Uod 
 l.'id Tkcvor dono so, it would Rtill have boon his unaltorublo 
 duty to bo willing. Honco wo hoc tho propriety (d' oxhort- 
 mu sinners to repentance and holiness of hoart, lor they are 
 bound to 't independently of tho grace of (lod, whilu ano- 
 ihor portion of revealed trutli assures us, that if tliey over 
 lo repent and become holy, it will bo in eon;so({ueneo uf rc- 
 (Vntuuccgiven, and holiness communicated by tho sovereign 
 .\ndfree iSpirit of (jod. Ilenoo wo see tho reason why God, 
 ^^ a ynonx] governor^ invariably demands holiness, and in 
 
 if. 
 
 il' 
 
T1 
 
 hi <' 
 
 IMI 
 
 Mlt\lMlM nil' mill 
 
 fi 
 
 mtUlO lllnlttHIMti, UH (I NtM'('0(t/M, OtMl((l|» II 'I'IhI)4 \H || iUiji 
 
 uhloul ll« llilll (i* Hlfitt mII hlllllliiki III MI)tlH> llMttll tinW lltuitlii 
 
 tMitl lit '4MIII0 luiiluii<t«>M Id iilv»i ilium iiKW ImmiiIm 'rillHi Im 
 vvlnil III fill (MiHitn Ih iiiiiii'h tliily , In Mtiinit oiintui, liiHl',: 
 HlH 
 
 1 loiiiiuii, 
 
 t 'rimt ir moll liiivti iiiiliiiiil (iliiilly Iti umliiwiiiM IL 
 vut')tui, (iiul 1110 nut WlllliiM. It* *i(> H, Mm tJohlrimliiHi ol Hh 
 null olool \n (o 1)0 uIIiIImiIoiI oiiliioly lo llioiiiholvoM, 
 
 ll tlHtt tlOOII OHlllalimllv lll)IOll Ity illO MII|t|Mi|lti|'H HJAl 
 
 mliiUuilHiii, (liut ir iioiio /tti«*i/«((/ Odu omltiMoo Iho )f)iri|i( I 
 h\\{ (luMu Dli wliiMii u Miivoi'ol^^ii (hill ouuroi'M IiIm ((I'HOO, llinli 
 tho lA^Ml uf iiituikliid, (lio imiiolool, mo |ihioo(l iimlor m IikiiI 
 mill liiviuoiMit iioooiMily \A' Itoin^^ I'm-tivoi' liml, Aii*l iln 
 t»bjootiiUi if iimiiiMWoi'iiMo. IT Ftiiitli Ito llio oomltitmi uj 
 tho iiouoloot. till llio roiimiiiiii^ miil >ioi'i|t|in'o in llm woiM 
 
 OHIIUOt MiloilOO ttiO il'I'Opl'OMniblo (llolfltOH oC (MimnKMI HOtliK 
 
 ll' ttioM(> iMi whom ()imI (looM not iiiiomi, uml Ihoroloi'o iIimm 
 not l>orilo\Y lil>« v^i'iioo, liiivo no powor (t» ombniiMt I ho ffuii 
 pt^l, Hum i( Im liiii'd (Iwit Ihoy ^hoiihl poiiwh Cni' iml. oiiihiiK 
 uiv: it. It IH (o no ))iii|MiHo to m\y that thoy mo liinlly 
 ooiwlomno^l tor Iholr Iviin^i'ox^ioii ol' tho luw, uml h/ol im 
 li^tit tv> oxpoot thiit Ootl HiiiMtiii ovoi' |irovi(io ii Hiivumii, 
 or |tlaoo I'Hnl.Mi within thoir roiioli. 'IMio wlmlo itl' tliiH i 
 ^vniitcd. irirnhHul tho iioii ohvt iiro tiMtutod i^m tho nn h 
 tmns^rv)<H\u'M of tho law, and iiovor having lia<l iiioroy uUti 
 o\l, llio witlunit tho f^uilt itf itH rojnotiuii, it iiiurtt ho allow 
 at thoiv \M no injuNtioo ilouo thoin. Thoy JiiHlIy poriMi 
 liko t!)0 ilovils, without oximiho, ami without tho olhu dl 
 pnrtlou. Hut in thitt a HiM'iptunil viow of thoir Nitmilion, 
 at loastt of thoHo of thoiu who \m\t*\\ luiiiilNt tho li^ht ol 
 tho >;os|>ol ? Ih not tho wort! of thin Nalvation whioh wii> 
 
t\lt,\/ liitm,!'!! ^nHUH IUHItt'li4A>'. 
 
 I 
 
 jr/ 
 
 itim 
 
 mhhkI'k) (m I«" iin,)ii\mi\ l4t uvii^ cittniitti, naul \*t M 
 
 lor iMil oiiiIhim' 
 lluiy ni'o Junily 
 
 UW, Ull«l Itllll II" 
 • villi' H HllVlnlll, 
 
 wholn <»r Mi'f* I 
 ^((mI kn tlio iiii'i* 
 lim) luoi'oy «>ll<i 
 it laurtl. )>o idliiw 
 oy juHlly l»oriftli 
 lout th« olln ol 
 
 ih(tii' Nttiititioii, 
 
 utioii wliiolj wii> 
 
 « w 
 
 <'w/< 
 
 >m 
 
 iil'iti / Ami limy hu\ Miu |>H»'wi*<i'« '// li'/p; h 
 i.IIiiim/ 'I'Im^ wumI vy|i)<(l( (lltilrtt H(/oiin, nK^iI) Mm«) ^//t 
 |i(i|[/M lliiiiM, 'Mi'l «tf'' !li(t/ uni i',uut\i^Htuhi\ {ill utfi tt'J',4iii'ur/^ 
 lliii |/'»«(»<i| / Am') \iiivt mn yth uunv^i-t linn //lo i/»/j»<///'jt 
 jitlo (liM iKjiilly '»r «o»»(|»*><h»)m|k; tl«'. moo '<|i/'J, ti,f no^. fU/ni'/^ 
 wliut tl»"y Im»vo «io (*'»w<ir <*nlo 7 'ntmt\ijnt;U>,ti^ I tHit^iht)*,^ 
 
 iIhi vlt'<li4 (*(' O^ilvJMiMfn vyhioli f«'< ttbill 'wim 
 
 j/iMy 
 
 l>, 
 
 'W«« 
 
 llii(< *im('»'M»i(1m<j \>\m. i,\' iUn M)f»r<nf'it uii\>iiU<.ui;i; )n mt.i / 
 rtiiiittd, ImiM )»y Mill, Tojilrt'ly, Wfc) iiSSthf., m M»/', fmnin^n 
 r.Mnliovurwy wlii'th loo)* (»l>i/',»< In (ih-./it l/f<M»/M ftf/'/o», \h». 
 imIiI'II«» of tliM hrnt r.<wit»ify^ wli)<'>)( J/^tV- «»<'/!< («0 h'\ /ftftitti/t 
 hi Wnnl»'y, iri<il«<li<!f, /ifi'l /»f,li«?r ♦j/»fi/lj»i»y/r ?, y/)>/,r< U//,/ /<j/ 
 
 r«»rmfr roiMnhwl !)»<! /|<»»',ifinM hH wiytti.\\fit >•/<') nhf/fft'itivfttttl 
 
 rhrilhll upon ifi<|j«)>Mt/l|/l*^ M',ttf if/<//f»//;n '/f Me, W/f'l '/f 
 
 ()(»(!, iJiMy <',oim«!«.l^«l it with n y-H'.w hi' Umuhii h}/tytiy f/, 
 >.iil»v«i'r.iv<5 oC Ju)»tjf',<'., tli/it tlio lutt^ff, lUnik'iw/ Dud li,t. 
 ihntiinr «f»»l tl»o ^M'//' »nii«t wMifi'l or lal) t///<;t}»/>r^ Hti/l i^^a-. 
 Ki^r Ihn liorri<l v.itinu.i^iit'.nvAti of tin-, vi«',w, ^///O \^',t%HHtU'A 
 tlifinwlvn tliwt tl»«i 'loc.trifK', WW fiot cof/iftio**') ir< -'loy '/f 
 llioad t«xtw in wlii'li it ir. «/; itn'/,tiirt,-/t',r^t\Ay iU-j'\kt*'A 
 Irnihiiid (/' fiiMintriiMinj/ timt no loan i/mn't\/iy <;an <;foJ//'i/y; 
 llir ^(»w|Kii without tl»<i \frnft'. of 'i'j»«i, h»/l th'; int'.wU '/f 
 < It-ction nmihtMiiK'.*! to u irrUivnfy no iit/in v/UI ^ft'Xi*^*', 
 witliout till', M\i(:tt('.v. of th<; Hpirit, fttui ttj^t Ki^ uti\^:uiU'j^'A 
 urjfl urih<;li(;f ariM! from no oUtuch; hut ft,n oUtin»t>; an'j 
 voluntary njiwstion of /n<;f(jy nn^l av<rrni//n t/; UhUft*:^^*, iitf^t, 
 liu'i not jirohnhly h<!4rn nifuhj a hr<;fir;h, j/r<;?At iik^; th'; v^-a, 
 which huH not h<M;n ImjoI'!'! t/> thi?t day. It wouH tJi^j 
 
i:iii 
 
 MIOIOIII (II' Till'! 
 
 1 
 
 J 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 hilVO iuMM) N(MMI tltllt ini illllM'KHl ill lll*> |>,rt>flt HMlvfllidll j.i 
 
 pliiiM'ti widiiii llii* it'iioii uC (ill, (lifil iii(>M, ill ri'ji>n(iii)< ii 
 iwv \\\\\ ronhnlltMl Ity riii iiii|MtMMihili( y mi- iMlitlily, Imi 
 i7nM>«« tl«'(»lli, /M'Ct'»M»' //»!' iiutttinH of flhir mi'ii >f> nfrmfiini^ 
 i\\\y\ lU'o jUMllv oiinilt>inntM| , (ind i( wmiiIiI (Jdmi Iimvc litnn 
 
 (iiiiiiiHrd )•> (ill (lio duly I'iiMin, Mint lliiiii|r|i till inmlii 
 
 (o wyvi MitlviitiiMi Willi ri «io^|uMt)iM oltMiiiwH^y, (jiul lifct 
 po\Y«>t' (o KMiiovo (litit oliMtiiiMoy, Mill! (Mill iiiiili(\ IIhmii vvill 
 \\\y: in III'* <l'>.v «>l |iow(»r wiiluiut (l(iMlr(>yiii|r oi ihlci'lrriiK; 
 wit)) (lio iVi>«Mli*iu oC Mioii- will, ntid I lint lio liim ii rlj'jil in 
 o\«Mvis»> lliut |titw(»r on wlumi li(» cIkiumi'm, «i(M(nriliii|^ to t| 
 
 ^■\Mnl ploUfMin^ ol'lllrt will, tliul tlltlt tllO (liH(M'illlillllliotl (|(M<H 
 
 no injinv lo llioso who iwv pnnpiMJ Ity, TIm* inlori'iicc 
 W()ul(l (luM) hiivo iippoMnMl (xmy to iiioMt oT IIiomin wIio now 
 hold oontnnv viinvn, llwit wluit (Jod docH Ik* iiiiiNt liiivi> 
 intouihd lo do, tind (hut il' it Ih lirjit loi' Ood, in liiiM<, to 
 1>(>n((>w on sonn< Ihnt I'.nuHMvhioh ho iiii/d't JiiMlly lmv(Mvilli 
 hold IVoni nil, (hou it \\m ri^.;ht in <<o(l iVoni «*toniity Id 
 inuko Ihtit soKvtion and dosi^^n (o (VMilor tliiit }!;i'a(H». 
 
 I ivmnrk, 
 
 r>. ir nuMi |uv;mos5 natunil uhility lo hiin In (Ji.d, iumI 
 nothin*; luvvonls IIumu hut tliuir LMiwllliti!i,nosH, thou it is ,i 
 wioktvl thin!:;; in tluMu lo ho wnitin^^ OikI'h tiuo*, liil lie 
 •Hhiill hy IhtMnlhionooH of tho S[»iril turn llioni. 
 
 It h>lU>ws, (h.'il tho jnoiuoni you know your duty, ynii 
 ;iro h(>und to luM'tonn il. " To him i hiit knowoth to tin 
 C\H>d, !uul dvioth it not, to hiiu it is sin." To (ntntiiiiK^ in 
 tho i\(\i!:loot of duty, whon no inipv.dinKMit slmidn in tin; 
 way, I nood not say, is wic^kud. Hut how much iiiori! 
 wiokod is it to noi;loi?t it lor sucli ivasonn, and with sucli 
 toolings as thoso! "I know that it is my duty to low 
 and oboy (uui, and that it is roasonubic and proper that I 
 
 
mW JMHfJ'lf H'HMIIM *:|M</K'f Vf AM 
 
 i:;7 
 
 liMiiM Mill' I 'irri <|i't<>ri(iiri( 'f nof fo 'l/» 
 
 MfilJl (i(,/| 
 
 Ini (u (](.(!, iinil 
 
 Iknowdth to <ln 
 '() (H)utiiiuo ill 
 staiulH in tilt! 
 
 |\v imujli iiioni 
 liiud with Hiu'li 
 
 ilif ll"l.y Mpirit, uli/ill, lit H'iffic hf(»^, '»VMf (»f»v/'r my tfyuj 
 iuiiir(>, (KmI iniil(<« /ii(< flo it ll«« cifi «lo it, ifli' p\(suH4m^ n¥ 
 Iii> liiiH (l<»iM' lo iKiifiy uMwillifU' HififiorM fxHi'I'H mymli' t 
 
 w 
 
 ill, tlM^rrr'nc, v/iiit liJM own h 
 
 MiC 
 
 I 
 
 Will "ofikiriij/) J/. 
 
 uIIi'ImI Iiimi, fill lio (,iiu<\W'iH ffM' hy Ihm {'[ficr*. I will f>ro 
 loii|', my ilii^.'/i'lly (UmtnMt witli l/irn, till Ik f(Ml<<m im/i >lrfi^> 
 my WMtipon '. AikI if liin tirni kIioi/M rr v* r .".ofn/<, if li* 
 iinvrr piiImIikim my ol>Htlri)iri'*.y in tli<i <\<iy i,i' lii-t jK/wor, / 
 will onntiniin Mm <!fM)niy till I 'li<;. " Nov/ tlm iH, f#y f'lir 
 ndiHlruction, till! Iritlin;/, oftlioHd wlio urc nfiwillinj/ Ut turn 
 «(t (io(|, an<l 'ifM w'litinc; for (Io'I'm tirnr >o ti/rn t)i(!rn, t>'/ 
 ♦ lirirroHiMtiMf influnncuHr*!' Iiin Hfiirit It i^>iy ^^rj prtm;fft 
 III!'; tlir wnlij'wt in ii littl<i moni iHjirirni afi'l ohvioiiH li^fit, 
 (li/iii yuii liuvo l>c»in wont to viow it. iJ'/t it in »l) invoivo^J 
 in II wiilifijnM'k!!" lo no^/Jcot roli'Mon, liiitil yon chii mo |/;/ig«f 
 •ii'lji utt(!M'lin;'_ (o it, in ymir int<',rition t/» r.ontinu*! imfKirn 
 t'irit, till (io'j kIimII MriH<' in liin j»ow'!r, /ui'J t^r^iuk, ;in'J «iit> 
 
 liic, /Mid ('Ji/ifi|'/' your iMiurt. Ari'l w/i;it^ n»y friend, li 
 Odd'H time kIiohI'I fM'V'jr oom<; ? Wliat^ li' ()od'H tim' 
 KJKMild ncvr come? Are yon williri^ to risk tlic Wf'M''ir< 
 ■if your eternity npon tlie- oertninty of Huch ?irj evont V 
 TliiH tliifif.'; in certHin, tfiat ()i<k\'a time //ill never corne^ 
 //liile yon coritifin(5 to think M yon do It will never 
 
 iiiiie until yon ferd thai you canriot 'kfer your duty any 
 i'trii/(!r, until the preKHinj^ eonvieti'>n in urj'ed uf/>n your 
 mind, tlnit " now i« the aceejited time, now i.-; the day of 
 H.'iivMtion." Now /'« (iod'n ueoefrfef;d time , -the only tirjie 
 tli-'it you may ever know. " To-day, then, if* ye will hear 
 liis vnieo, h;ird(;n not your heart.'* And will you still 
 niiiiritain tlie eontroverHy with your Maker, hy pleading 
 ♦hat y«»u have no ri/Uur'il afjilUi/ U) ohey. No! you cao- 
 
 H 
 
I MM 
 
 ^lliiMtiin nil III 
 
 IMil tin (lull, IIM |mII|{ IIN UihI Im JUmI DImI iNliMlMMtltlM ii|,i 
 t|ioili<t> . MM ll)tl^ im IIm« f4orl|illMt>M (Ml) Imik, tlhtl mIIHIikIi 
 VtMir iiM|iniillrinM« In o vnliiiiltti y 'liiit rti.i'tiwi ill'ihii*l)iitili(,ii 
 iImI M)*( in II WMmI uI jinWMl, Oi , Mi<I.MitwliM||i)ii^ Y"i)i 
 ii'ihilnl iiMlilv I"' •'luty, will V"«l Willi I'l' ml V""ll' lixiiil m 
 
 (/««/MiMthi<M lift II MUlt)ol«)lli PHIMIMM 7 Wlilll I |)llMill lliitl f|. 
 Mil miMIMP Whioll \H IIOV«)| l|IMU»|)(|t|| ill lllllllflll M'MtUtly, til 
 
 rMMlM«> ^vliji'ti lU'iiIrM OimI |Im« il^lit In |i)||iJm|i imy oiiMiliin 
 npoli IiIm ii'voli iifMiiiiMl. liin (tiiviiiiiiiiMil , mi i>«iiMtMo wlmli 
 
 UOllllI plnvi* IIimI lltl* llinin Minrill ydll lii>IMi||||«, lIlM li'D' 
 llom^rvillfi, i>( |MIIiImIiMU<I|I , Wllloll Villll'lllv llnliJMM O'lij. 
 t'ikl.lll (it ll«>tll>IUtl llliy lllil»i< mI' lii't lM'l>'illll HM , Mil IxiMl'ii 
 
 nliii'li womM iliM|iit)Vt> (liiM«mMloiiiM« nrmiv inniiil ovil in IIh 
 univiMMo, iitiiOHiniHo wliloli niiilrM nilli II' (li«> liii'lici 
 im|uMU')tnit>M( ol' llip iliviiu* (>i|iiily , i»iii« wliioli yoti \«mii|iI 
 i('|o(>l will) int|ijt,nM(it)ii, \svn\ il oIIoi'imI yoii |iy ii rrlliiw 
 «Mri((uio , \-\w wliiolt, in (lilt liioiil liijniviiiM III' yi>^<r hd'ImI 
 
 ^ilMOO|ili(i||, you OMIIII«i(. IMMM<|)I IVnlll yillllMI'ir, IMhI mir |im> 
 
 nluolt |)ri'His)li>ii in will lu* niinouM, liy )iiHo|iii|iii^'^ ymi limn 
 III! oonviodon nT f.uiil, tiinl im iiiniiii|)iililili< willi (liiit Inil 
 in},i; 1)1 DoK )M)n«l«)innuli<in, >vliii)li iiiiiMi pirniMlo (,|io i<xl)<ii 
 sion »)|inori\y IdwmkM you V Ami ilo ynn now my, (liul h 
 *)ouvio(i)>n (1im( your rKoiiHo iM im>X(Mif4iil»l(\ iIoor iimI, nlhi 
 Vo\u' iUM{H)Mi(.ion 'f (hilt you mIiII iiMV() no limii'l In irpiMil, 
 luul how iv'iu you '(* Wluil, now, lo(. mo mhI*, would yon 
 iliiuk ol'iioliiM, who, iillor lii< tinil WMiilonly miil iiii|iii 
 ♦loutly olVomlod IiIh |iurou(, anil (liui ii^'i'iiovod juih^il liml 
 tH»im\ iuul loM liini (o l»o Mony (or wlui(. Im^ lonl (lom, 
 xhoulil ri*|>ly (hilt ho iliil not Iim^I liko il, (hrit ho IiikI no 
 ho;\rt (o rt^jtiMd -would you n4i(. lliink lliiil' Ik^ wmm fiddiiiK 
 ol)stii\i\oy to insult? And whon (ho juiiont nhould hIIII 
 uvi;o upon hiui (ho ohli^iition to ri^poiH, ho nhouid |'l<'ii'l 
 
M>,V >"'<r('M nnnh-i 'MHrM/vfA«, 
 
 \'/,f 
 
 Willi I lull M 
 
 ^\{\{^f^ not nllii 
 lliniii'l to ItiptMil, 
 
 ll. Jin liixi 'lotii, 
 llwil, li(i liiitl II" 
 
 k |»(^ WMH luMiiiK 
 Lit hIiouI)! Hiill 
 lliii Hliouhl i>l*'i«^ 
 
 hJA lMi)'''Mi(''nt 'll''|»'»'>HI'/f» >M liti M/ui«^, rtf»*) Jn/jxJrA h'r/y f,/. 
 vviiM lof/'l M l<'>M'r «<|>lrlt, wouM y'»»« oot twr/ I»a w»m I»'»»M('I 
 Im |iMy(t »• Iw'lhf ><|<ifil, MiMt lii*t ntinii'/^ nii')i tm ^/r^fni'-^ 
 iiii'l MMldfii/; mum|» m, fj(«'Mfi/>f(, w»»M >ili\'/ iivi'l/ /(^^ of fi»^» <y,|(( 
 
 ((MtlMK»Wt nl' lljt) «l«'|»r'l7(''l if»'*llf|(iti'»fl, t|(^> Mcs J,|/'f| '//'r« 
 
 liilil" Mfi(l fij'i'f h'/»iI)m|',, Mfi'i '»f»l'/ »t'l'|/»'l ifM'filf \h h\i'[\\uh« I ' 
 Id II iiiniMM'f o^'iflly MJfniJ/ir fw /o»» (i/'fifi;/ >'t'ftnti\^ U'i'\^ 
 iiit'l HI 't Minillfir lli^lit i\hi» \[i\ ri^nit'l 'jhut «' If ((i«Mf)/',«h'/fi 
 Mill y'»n M/iy '/'((I olT«>f no « 'irM<«/» " I um ft<unuc^'.i\ Mr;if. I 
 DM c'filly '•'"J lfM<(',iif,>if»h*, Mifit r/i/ /'ry f/!//* fni(/hf j»/i«fl/ 
 l,( (ri'i(|(* (li'» /'i'<Mfi'l '»}' iny ''/.r»'l' »nfi>ili'<n, f»i<l ^fill II, I 
 jicifl 'l'"'H f«'»t fojifil M/iy ( fiol, f»y in'j \Tii'^t)rn \u*fii< 
 Ijiid, ('fii'" wlii'ifi wli'ill 'li.'ifii^/;/) foy 'll«p'rfl(fi',n ' ff f <■'»'» 
 ImiM'^ I'( |»rf»y, will not Oo'l {/JV' ?/»'■. >ifioffi/ r fi'fift '' No, 
 yiiii liiiv" no >iH«nrMn<'«< Hi<it li/i will M' Iwi M/i<«, it will fi',f 
 III' in (in»<W«'r to your [(DiyrM, (nn'li l/v^«! ^,f(f» yoi/r prnyhfi/ 
 iii'.tif" it ll^pnntufKiM (.< your \>ruiiuty /in'l ifi'li^^/^inn'iM/ 
 iliily. TliiK ifl Hm* Drwt «tiip you ^fin rnnk' tow;ir'l-< fh< 
 |ii f lorMiMfK'n ol' yonr 'Inty, hti(\ ih'; hiiy,'/i(,'.fit of OoJ .» 
 Tivor. llnMl tlii«t i« 'lofir, nothing i^ 'Ion'',. A sriK^/y,t 
 ril»(',lii« /ii'/ilfiBt <i wiR'i (ifi'l if/tO>\ nft/t'.ft'y/ti. i'sirf\hti in (;;T0 
 I hiifn>''l on (lonilition tlint fin ihrow 'lowri tii-? orrn-'. /iri'l <'i\, 
 iitW. Now it will littln >iv<iil fiirn, tfi»t \,4: «< r.'I« i]hW r\ri</ 
 n\t?.m[fv.n to lii^* wov«r'»ij>;n, in'lif^,*< tti^, /ri''/'-<t fn*',iff\\'j -t'l 
 'IrcMs/'H to tlm tlironfi, or fif-ts ttif; rno<t kin/Jly purf. Umnr^;*. 
 fii-4 liJIow f<ijl»j''''.tx, f><} lon^ «?< h'-. riOTitinri^s? in rirrn« /m*-! 
 r'f'ijK<',« to wiilMfiit. W tlw, firm of ^/tWf.r firrc-t him in fhi^ 
 rorifjition, fic, will f>f, t r'-.fi t/',<l, nri'l f;f>ii(]<;v,riffl un a ?(■}>*•]. 
 Ilfivin^, in lik*-. rnfinn^T r''f»f;ll«',<l ;if/;un^t tti^; Kin'/ 'ifYtw/^ 
 y/lio li>is R<-,nt yon u pro<;hirnfi.tiori of Ui(<:T(',y f,T, *'/>Ti'litioTi r,f 
 rfpcritfincc, find MuhrniMMion, it will jiV/iil you rif>ih]uff^ that 
 you olfor tin; most import unfits; prftyers, that yoti rn'';«t 
 
 
l'^l\ 
 
 HO 
 
 Mr.Moin or vuv, 
 
 
 1. :'■ ' ' 
 
 ant: 
 
 \.>ti bMvo noi OvmI vr]M>nltM|, Mn<l pulMiiiifrtMn (Iml. Till 
 \.Mt ^^> tbi'J, «'vovv |u.''V(M- V">tn»niir in nmokfiy, pvpry incMiiq 
 \<\\\ n»\^ is nr^lvino y,>h \V'irf>i» nml wnifo. Nt»l culy tlni.g 
 ]>t,\\ini» \\iili«M\t i('|>ont!>tuM' Icuvt' you in »i ptt»l(» nl' mn 
 .l«Mnn!\lion. lM\t in\|>«M\H«Mit prMypix, l\ow«'vor l<»!»o rnnliinn I. 
 \\\\\ not !\v>il <o i-uMMiv*' i«'|MM\tfnuM\ i»i<lu>r l>y nny inhiinii' 
 <t^v'!\oy of tluMV own, <m 1\v vivhio ol'nny jMiMnipo ihni <ini| 
 Iws jiivon in lus word TluMo is nof ono WMtnl v\' onrnin 
 vrinnont in tl\o \\h\Ao ornnprtMf nl' the floripiun'M <«» Miiy 
 .\.Mt\ons or nny ono wliilo he oontinut'H iin|MMn<(Mn !im.| 
 un»on>wto<i. Without r«»pontnnc« you inny prny till y«nn 
 l\st bvortOi oxpivo-*, !n\o \vr\\\ th«» povipluroB (ill Iho ntifl <«r 
 <io>th Hottlo!* on your vipion, i\n«l <io(lnot givoyiMi ^nuMMil 
 l\8l, nn»l thoti it will \w t\o iv.oro tin int|>ntHtto)\ on ilif 
 v^b.'inctov o\' iW SujMt'mo, th.'it lio hIKiwimI nw n\vt\V.v\w\ 
 l^orson to (lio witliowt \noroy, tlnm timt ho lots Ihoupundstij 
 »'\iv1osf« povponn ^iio without :\wakoninji. In short, I iImiv 
 \\c{, vith iW wonl of(io.i tor \ny ^;ui»lo, <liroot yo\i io |iiviy 
 |Mvvioup to iv|HM\t!inoo, !in*l an ;» inonnp of jrettinfi it- Im 
 tl.Ht xrouhi bo to «tiroot you to ollVr hu in\nonitoni |)rnyt r, 
 It wouhi bo to (Uroot \ou U^ prolong robollion, by phI' 
 stituting ;\n \n?ulting luookory tor gonuino puhniisfiou. Wo 
 raust adhoro to {]w record, and bop^och you to be yvvow 
 oiiod to (io»i on his terms and without »lolrty. Wo iiuisl 
 nire your obligations, and call o\\ you to capt away .ill 
 your tranj^rcwions. w]ierc4>y yo otVond, and niaUo you ;t 
 n> w heart and a new spirit. To all your profop«ioi\s of 
 desires after holiness, of endeavors aOor eon version, .'iml 
 ]VT>eTering prayers, we must bring you back to indispons 
 able duty, and ask, do you love (Jod ? do yo\i repent of sin ' 
 do vou believe in Christ ? ** No, I do not. I cannot. ' 
 
!( 
 
 nf.V. .»'»P«I'H MTff«MF< 'FriKHTMAM. 
 
 Ml 
 
 \Vlr»» ' I** III'"'" M'l|,llill^ hi ill*' ('lifirM«'i'»r nf Iho infifiif/ly 
 Lrluiiniiq fifnl M»'«»fl<*'I U'liMlink you dirt fi'hniro Mfi«l lovr. V 
 N'l rnirii Mur cnirM'lifioHfl in (jlirisi why yon nIioiiM 'Iftwif 
 liim f' {) wlini n wiokt'd ln'/»rf. in tlifif. <»!' yr»iir«, Hmf [ rriiisf, 
 mI'MiiI 1k'»'<' nn<l pN'ii'l thn rij^lifw of Uo'l with yoij^ rwifl ni'tvt 
 fill ynii hIiouM Hfiy ilm*/ yon ofirinot love hirn. Tfio vfr/ 
 liml nppn'lHMiRioti <»!' Iii» l»nir»tj nri'l olittrn<iff»r hIiohM f»r' 
 (iKiiitili to flrp yottr liPfirtR. Yo«i imn lovo tlio world, yfni 
 cmi lov<» ooiik'fiipf ilile pleMPiiros, nri'l pinrul f»«llow nrnainr^.a 
 Vdii I'fui lo?o yojir guilty 'iiid polluUvl flelvfj^, Yim onn lov 
 v(». llio moRf, lofiMifloine tliifif^ in ili"iiniv«rHd, nnd can tli^n 
 |i|t'!it| llifil yoii (Minnoi lov»» (Jod I Ifn'ir, oh honvfirm ' nn I 
 III' Mf^tonJFihnd, oh onrlli f llow nan \ rfiporif, ? Hi'^ 
 (HI VMuholp t«|»«nMnu; ? " If yon lovRd Uod it would l)f^ 
 !iii iimiH'diMlo »iid Fipontftfieoufl amotion of your honrt. Von 
 wMuM tnko a Fifu^rwd pl»'ft«mrn in ind)il(>;in^yfMir j/riorbeforf, 
 (idij. V»(n wouhl («el ni«i ihntigh yon should ohooRO to ii;o 
 s'lrrowin;^ down t<» thn y;rrivo, nn«l n[» t/» the world wher^' 
 .Ipriip ifl. Mow imn you hpfp ropnniinjt^ ? fs it not the 
 ino3t, rniionfd ihinj^ in iho world? Can you think (S pin 
 !iim1 itp oxcrndinjj; RinfulnoHfl without }»ein^ filled with self 
 iiMmrrenoo ? (/fin y<»u look upon him whom your mu-^ 
 liivo piorcod, without your eyes afTontinf;; your heart? 
 " llowcnn 1 hclievo in Ohriflt?" How in it that you hnvf. 
 k'tii fiblo to live bo long without holioving in him ? Ho-»v 
 Ikjvo you contrived t<» rnraain easy in your oondemofid 
 Mtuation, t(» rofupt^ an offered and a finished Balvation, to 
 ilospiso the bleeding lovn of Ohrist, trample UrA^ f()f)t the. 
 Iilood of the covenant, reject the 8aviour'«kind invitations, 
 'louht his graciouH asBurances, and expose yoursfjlves t/t all 
 tilt) conauquonceH of incurrincf the wrath of the Lamh? 
 WouUl to God that ho would arise an'l make you feci as 
 though you could no longer diHbelieve. 
 
 ti 
 
; 
 
 142 
 
 MKIMDin OF TUB 
 
 
 IWUKWVAAs LMTTIli; 
 
 to 
 
 rmo AiMiancAN pukshytmiuan mh'IKtv 
 
 OK MONTIMilAli. 
 
 Mv !>F,An UnvvnuF.N. 
 
 It in iV(j\iivo«l |>y o\ip(«Mn, llini :\ iiiiiuMtcr. whoii alMnil 
 io voiivo Tnun llio |)HBioi.'vl oar*' of u |mm»|»Io who luiiy pec 
 his Tijoo uo moro, nhoul*! iinjU'ovo I ho polonui ooounioii, hy 
 r^kiuvr snc]\ i\ viow of tho roRponsihiliiios of iho pnRt, us 
 may. witl» iho vlivino l»losF>in,ir, roNuli IHvorjiblf inuui \ho 
 iKsHtinios of llio futnnv Uoitsoii \\\\\\ \w\'\\\\r niiko mhsouI 
 to tl\o ]>n>|>noty of what oustoiii lias iiMjuiivd If ovor Ih' 
 nionitious of a parent aro Hkoly to iinpros»i iho hoart of a 
 wayward oliild, it iswhon all his soiisilulitios having Btirrotl 
 uithin him. ho yot lin^^CH on tho tliroMhoM, oro ho takes 
 his jouruoy (o a far oonntry. If ovor tho ii\Htruotioiis o\' 
 (ho Apvv*tlo of tho (tontilos foil with tho woij^ht of otcrnity 
 upon a ivoplo. among whom ho had " gono proaohing tho 
 kingdom of God, by tho spaoo of throo yonrs," it was, 
 >\hon bound in v^pirit, ho gave thorn his valodiotory chargo, 
 just befoixj ho wont up Uy Jerusalem for tho last time. An 
 iliuoj^ that has wastv\l my strength in the midst of my 
 w:\y, and during tho last few days of my eontinunnco 
 among you. bivught me to look over tho crumbling vorgo 
 of life, deprived me of th« opportunity of mingling my 
 
 ! « SB. * ■' ■ Sk' 
 
]\KV . to^V.VW Ml Mins rilMm'i ,1, 
 
 1 1:; 
 
 SIHMMTV 
 
 who nuiy pt'(> 
 in oooiiHioii, l>Y 
 (>r tho pMRt, us 
 riiblf U|u)n il»o 
 ^ iiliko fiHscul 
 
 li(» bojirt, <»f II 
 Imvitig BiimMl 
 
 orn l»o tiikcs 
 iiiHtniotions ol 
 r\\i of eternity 
 preuehinj^ tlio 
 enrs," it was, 
 ietory oluirp', 
 lust tiiiio. At» 
 
 luidflt of in> 
 eontinunnct: 
 
 imblini; vorgi; 
 mingling my 
 
 «yin|iMflit»'fl wi?li y'Miffl, nl' ii»((«rlr»j^ fltc |i!ifMfi/ rnoriilioiH 
 III' Jdlicifii'lc. Mill i^ivifi:'; tli'^ lufit »'X|»r<•^^iof|■; f'l illoftiori 
 in IIm' oftlirjftrv '.v;iy. N<»w tlhit I linvn i^'iiiM"! i lifthi 
 Hti<'iij!lli, Miy own iiK'liiiMiiiiri uri'l jT'nir rM(jii^.>> ^mwri'itW/ 
 |irMiii|if 1110 to f«'l'»|»t \\\i\ siilMlilKfo rif f««>fii|iri;'; you liy J(;t, 
 tor wliMt I mIimiiI(| Iiiiv*^ Imm'H ^I/i«1 fo |imv» 'l»'liv"r"'l m 
 
 (i»rsnli, 
 
 I 
 
 \(i il. JM (if SMiiiM JMiji'trf/iiicc tlifit Mi(» rnfijjoit of m/ mipM 
 
 rttlinfi Croiii you hIkmiM Im> (li.utiricf ly (iri(l('r<?foo<I liy you 
 
 ■ill, (iml MM my I ihI im|i»»ir<!fit (lOfnmuriir/iHofi, wriff'-n rrorn 
 
 fi nick Im'J, wih K'.'kI iu tlio iMMirifi^' of hut. u (»'trfi'»ri «»f' tfid 
 
 .'oMirregrtMon, I ( li(ior<n i»ri tlli^ (((vvision fo r'-pfJit, ito4 ^;ofi 
 
 IciiIh. 
 
 Wli«>n I Orpt »'iiriP(Mit<Ml to licfvirriM yfnir p iftor^ it wa-* 
 
 Inmi the (vtnviciti'iri, th/it th(^ (irovifhine-'i of Ur.'l whi'-h hi'l 
 
 limii^ht me ft?iiofi(r y(Mi, alrnoi^t in R[»ite r>f my own wi«h';«5, 
 
 liiiii elenrly (leMiii;nHte(| thn finld I w/is to o'''upy. Au'i 
 
 tlidugh wIh'M mine eyca behold the Kiri^, the liord of I/o.st-<, 
 
 I 
 
 VV 
 
 oe m me. 
 
 I 
 
 am iiiidoFie 
 
 for I 
 
 are ;i frnri or uu 
 
 r 
 
 I'limii lips:" thoui!;h in the prertennc? of divire' e/juity, f fuel 
 myself at boRt but un un|»rn(itftblo servant, siill f tinve been 
 iiionnnd mon^ e'Mivineed, that the finj^^er of Ood wa^ in the 
 
 it. When th 
 
 iliar diflfieulti 
 
 d 
 
 iirrani^ouient. vvnen im pe(;uiiar aimeuiMeH, ann immen.H^. 
 importance of the station, totj!;other with th«! youth and 
 innxporience of him who waH eullod te fill it, arc, considered, 
 m connection with tho fact of his beinj^ Huntained and 
 hloaced in his work, beyond your expectation-?, or hif< own, 
 you are forcilily reminded how much more yf)U are indobt^;d 
 to the goodness of Providence than the- wisdom of your 
 choice; and lie is solemnly and aflFectinf.dy bound to give 
 the glory to (lod, " for b's mercy and truth'-' sake." If 
 tlio enlargement and stability of your congregation, the 
 
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 vini oi>>\v\\ . il iho<jp 1m» jupI i»MUfl«>pi of HKinhlnlucflu <o '/inn' 
 Kin^t. wo will nnifo iti fii|o»it»i» Itini, nito oni>(> \\mu{o n^ 
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 nnytluno (\u1i<v ^on^!\in'^ I«m- )n<* <i» »lo in (Ih> woiM, I 
 kno.w no< . l>ni <lu> Hond ol" (lio Tlttnol). h\ Hio voioo n| 
 r»»v»«lonoo, u> w MM olo.nly ohIIm n»o !nv«\, lis ln» tMH'c 
 ;'ip|vnn1o»l n\v !^| )\oro or!U'<i>Mi in yonr p;\r(, oP Ihn vinoymd 
 Tho ^i\mnvl"« o;\ wliiol* I tlujM oojiolndo. mio, m\/ pirmut 
 tnohiiiiii/ f>y ftf)\'i y.»*, <m«^ ^V unlih-rhhihul fh<it I nhfi// !>< 
 .>/)/<♦ ^1 <i^,) ,"?> ir, fufinr, junid^f ll\o poowliar pron'mro oi' Uir 
 .intios kX tlio ••.'Uion, ai^l <ho \inr>vor!»l»lo povorify of llir 
 v^linuto. 'V\\'\> I riTor to l>o niy only nv-vf^oti lor sookin^i; ♦'<•' 
 «\isj9\>hition of n oonnwtion, winoh Iimm tor lour yours so 
 hrtpjMly j^nlviiV' t^.vl. I »lo it with tho rolnotivnoo of n Uiis 
 sionArv. who. Wv>rn down in sonio f\n*oiv:;n hind, ifl drivon 
 t\\Mu tho !;tro;\wholth'< ho had gi\it\«Ml, to i\>turn .'ind broatlir 
 his nativo air. n tisoioss invalid. I do ii with (ho Iholin^f* 
 ot\a 5\>idior. whv in hiri j^»noral oonvniands iVoin * Iho high 
 plaot^^ v'*!' tho tivid." to tho ii>nohlo omph\vnuMW or^unrdini-, 
 tho cnc.-uupmont. I do it with i\\\ tho laooration of nlhr 
 ti<Mii \T^\ioh takes pl.aoo in boitig sovorod lVon» a ju^oplo, who 
 have Ivcn i^o kind and indulj;ont, a.^ 1 oi\i\ lostity you to 
 ha^^'i boou^ Xoihwithstnndiug tl\c tide of pr>'judico, which 
 
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 ill CmumiIm f »*I,m mIimiiu find Mfiwi'ly M('>iifi«jf fi rnfui of my 
 niiinlry mimI |Minf<i|f|<H , tlin oivil /liM-ihilihc^ ini'l' r wM'li 
 •I |i('iMi'«'iiMiin lnw liiyM fri(> mm » olor^yrri'iri ,♦ Mi«> H''(''ir«ti'»M 
 I'lMm lln' Hvm|nllii'>M mC lififuM ftfi'l kiri'lr«"l , »fi'l Min j/rr>fif 
 iiiMiUMil fiC mJiiJMfi'i inl ImIkit, iifir«'li<V"«l f»y ''ji'lifin^' >«, wlii'ft 
 my Mdlifiuy [MiFsifioii Iimh ifii|t/»M»'«l I '"lul'l fi'f-l r<'fi'ly t'» «)iy 
 
 • I'ltl J'lM iiif'iiiii'iti'iii (iftfinan wlio rf'i'lo ifi lliHl por'i'ifi of fji" 
 Miitli, wIm»h» (Iim Word tulfnilinti i"* «tri(!koft frorn ffct polilifal 
 tiiciiliiiUij, (1% WMjtl irri|tlyiii(; flmf, Ui»» irriifMifiili^-i of ' '»rip(^j^f»f«^' 
 III" Im'IiI m> fli" '(i'»cr'»tl'»ii (»f mptty, ari'l ri'if, '»n ffif^ jjroiiri'l '»! 
 finhf,) iififl y"t frifiy ulnii'in 'tt flican pm^'*''! ' '»'I'J >* f'^^ .vor'l^ iri 
 I ^|ilMiiiinoii nf (I Buhjcrf ^f»fi»»rnlly iifi«)»»r'«'of('l in (UMi'i'\n. fly 
 llic rtliifiio «if Ui»» (tt'iviiM iiil |inrli«rfi''rit, »»v»»ry olTK/rnan i^ hofircl 
 In focnril »»T«'fy fiMitH^rn, rrin ifiRf, wrifl fiiri«»rril, in n K'»'>k 'if « 
 |i iiliciilnr dnqfripliffi, Pvpry fnlio rif whifli fnii«t ho ^\^|^'\f<^ nu) 
 liiiiiiplii'il liy II ji|il(/" '•! Ilio Klfi(('R I'orioh , 'ifi'l ><fV"ry ' I" rffjrrni ft 
 wlin <<ii»ll |t»»ifiirfM iifiy of t,li« rlffi'al 'liiti»''» nhoro rn' nlion*"), 
 Hilliniit iiiiil< iii|/ III*' f r» fird In tlift nn'id hnok, i^ liiifdo to 'i Hn^, afi'l 
 Mii('« hioiiIIir' ifripri^'iiiffinfit,, fnr «v*«ry Bi/''.h nffprKf A r";jiilation 
 • liiifl Pftliilnry in il»M«>f mining *li" fiK'**'" of atif;f,fii»3ion, nri'l l''((i'i 
 iiiiiry In rnrnillrn, wua iin( rornplnin''') of, until it w»i<i (l'\(\']tif] in 
 llit» iSii|toilor Oo'irf nf Appuftlfl at Qn«'l>er,, Oii» honor, tii»» elii"/ 
 jiifltico HcwhII |it«'fliilin(f, thfit th»> law, hy ibriiympn and by '^▼''ry 
 vnriidy of nxpropHinn, with wliifdi It (IftRljjnatftd dfjrical fane- 
 linimrJPfl, m'ltiil nnni> hnf mininlern uf Ihp Homnn f!iitli>i!if ('hurrh^ 
 iiwl thfi Iwi) /','fifiilitifihril. ChurrJifn uf Knirluntl nn'l, Sr,f,Hi.n'l: thu."! 
 I'larinK pvcry paRlor and conf^rflgation not, conncjofed nWh ihhv 
 l>()(|ii>fl,undpr llio nfcosBily of incurring thn p»in«Itif!3of th" law, or 
 rcliiKjulflliiiij/ priviln^n??, which hotli conncience and con/ftnierir,*, 
 nmdn highly irnportanf.. Vor rnyfielf, willing to show my readi 
 ncHs to " r^uid'T to (Jjf^ar tho things which af; (/Jf.'tar's," \ 
 lifive nlwnya dccliiHMl to celfthrato marriago, or rfss^'on^ii-jly to 
 odiciHte at a fniMUHl, thpsfi boing no necr;33ary pfirta f/f mini-iter 
 iiil duty, iMid thii civil i)owfir having a right to rf;j<iil'»tf;, evfo 
 though it h(* arbitrarily, the discbargo of mtna civil f-jnctioos, 
 
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 \\W\\\\\o Mivi^ilo^c^nrolil, "Whrvo <I»»M1 «li(*'!l. will I iHi>. Mtd) 
 i\\v\v \\\\\ \ l^' lMni<M< 'l*l\p \,\)\\\ \\o -^i^ \i\ )\\v. :\\\A tniMi> 
 nlvo. if MU'lil Init ilivtth prUf n\r i\\\\\ \\wv " \\\\\ \\\v\\ 
 •^v:^\^\, \ ^'i>^ wivnoi^ \h:\i it \vo\t](l wo* l>i' ii:>l\l In iMin»ltrr 
 <^o |Lr1*«M\nil. whiol^ iloiur^nils :\ tnoro oHitMi m1 I (l»itn'|-, nm 
 « <^int:iM«^ <<^ il^^HMIil upon tllOiiOiM^^opw of :» pO(>pli', <i> n!l<Mn 
 n> tivV iV'^Mo hortltli 1 ronM VtM\<^'V uo I'ljuivnli'Mt. Tin' 
 hiu^Of-t niO(]\r;il rt\1thovition hovo ii\toV]>os!(M| 1o ^^mv, tlin^ :t 
 *MM><ini\niiro o1" v\y ^MliM*1nrtl «hUM*>5 \vo\5M ]«>o)>;nili7.o my 
 lifv.mi'^ ihy^ hiolu^Rt <iivino rtnthonty M.^M\iro<l \\\\ cunsoii'nn', 
 i]\f\i \ h^^ woi vioht io t1\ro\v th;U lUi' ;nv;\y N<> Iimv^'M 
 ;\Mo to 1>osi(T<i\ n!« to tho ]>:\{h oi" ^^l<v. 1 lu\\i> <',i\MM\ V'»" 
 
 Nol. (t*<>litut ^n\ 'joir hoiinii t<> " nn\<^ov to Ooi^ \]\o \]\\\\^'^ \\\\\v\\ 
 ■AW <^mVs, in vivtr^f of tho oomwus.^ion, which Itith n^ " hitptii"' 
 •UJ nfttior,?,"" rts rvrll rtp " pivrtoh fh«' fJo^iM"', to ovr-. \ «M-<'i\tnrr, " 
 1 f»M. vY>nsvioiu ionsly imv<^n<>i1 to rt(!n\ini''1(M bnj^lisMn ii\ tbo Ciic" 
 .>< tho Iftw nn>i it!^ v«''"'^^''y< '^'^'^ ' ninsl rt<M, to tho honor m\\\ li'^ 
 rrr\litA ol ihv rt\nhoviti#P ot th«> (lifllvict of Montvoul, Ihiil I hn\t> 
 r.owr Ivon ^listnrhod in (ho diprhiw^^ ofthn \\ui.\ 
 
 A potit^">n for iho ivtiwss of th** fr'i»*V!\n\'o \V:v<» pro^pntrtl to 
 UiO pl^^vinoi:\l |\'\v'li.'<m<>nt in iho winifir of lf<'.?'\ which y»tx.^fr/ 
 nvanimofi^iJy ^":o'ijf fW Kom^n Catholif mcmhrrs oj'th' Ar)M.<f, nn / 
 }r/is nh'nosi as inanifnouuli, oppOKfii hp ,'^i J^yitnaf,!')! Kpixeopiil 
 .•^,,vft>nj'<7i''Vis, ftn«i n<>o«\<>«^ nothing; to nirtUo w •» lf\w , hnt tho 3i\no- 
 uon of hi!; <>\v-'OiU^ncy, th<> Kurl of Oiilho\is\«\ n Iav'* )i;\vin}itn>8orvo«l 
 it for th(^ ^iiLnifiofltionp of Hi? Maiosty's plotvsmv. nothiiijj Airlhor 
 hAP b<yn hCA\\\ of tho hnmhlo p<><itioa. .'\\\\\ ivliuivMis rijiht? o( 
 T-rnnv thonsf\n>i< of His MajosIt'? most lovtvl snbjoots Mtiy it tioi 
 V hopo<\ lh«t 'ihi,< monopoly of fooU\«\!V«tionl piiviloj3:<», this 
 u-.vjision of tho r'»;;ht« ,^f oon>,oi«nco, unptxrAilohNi in l^ritisli (loni, 
 r.ions, find tho rtin<*t<v»nth c^ntnry, xrill so»<n ho vMitvMnhovi in tho 
 ^nv(^. t^borf tiU spirit of Knjjlish liberty h.\? Hlro«<ly oonsljfnott 
 thr OorpvVfttion And Tost Aot5i, bv ih<> moi^t Augu.-t t\\\\\ public' 
 rTt:pres?.iv»n ot «ho setjpo of tho cmpir*'^ ? J. S, C. 
 

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 |pvivilO|ro, this 
 
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 Itomlnsi in <lio 
 
 i,\y oonsignod 
 
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 iddicf" lliitl, "if llif Ij'it'l will," I «((/ill, u*. Mc 'fifliilfi'^ 
 !iiihifiiinil McMMidH '"(■ flu- llft<f |*fct|»y((<ry of Mhi «iify of N'-w 
 Vuik, m>il(t' fi|i|tli»'fili(in ((If flic rofffinl 'liMfioltifi'iri of tl«; 
 
 pMMlofdl li'lflli'lH Hfill HIllipiMlhlU (icfwOffl MM TIiIh Im Mfl 
 
 (Villi wnjpfim 'ifid iiif<'r«Nflri(i^ fo m« IkiIIi. My iriini fry uufouit 
 vmi. uilli nil ilM iMr-rtiiil find iiiii'lififi^«»fil»|c i'(\u^(>(^fi('U(',c:H, 
 i-i mi'mIimI np Im IIm' |ii'lt.^iti''Hf, vvli«'ii <\\H<'](im\riM «li«ll Ik* 
 iMMili', iiiijiiMfMiif )iM(| fn'inciidfiMM f'l Mvory individunl wlio 
 )i:iM JM Miiy wny i'mmh' liiMuvifli ilM iiifliioii''" ^ lo Ik? Ii<'fif;liff'd 
 Ml iiijiih'd j Id If <'rilip;lilMiii'd nr «'XfiHpnr>ifpd, fo Im- uv/uk(',i\cA 
 III s!|ii|n'lli'd ill fill' HlinidipfH nl' f'l till I MM I doifli TIm' r-xlii 
 liilioii (tJ' (Mitlsi Im m fi'Ht. of liiiriiMii <'linrr!c{<r, wiii'li ri'tv^ir 
 IhilM in hIiiiw mimmh " wliHi iikiimici (irHpirii" lie m (»f and 
 ill phpinllnn lo llic (Idoliiy wKli wliioli 11; is in:id«', find ilic 
 vividiirMf< witli wliii'li fJif lli»ly (JlinMi fippliofl lli!»f, »'xliil»itif;n 
 IhIIm' iH'fuf.docH 11 otuKM'nlrfilf Mif rtjfipfHiRiliiiify fil'u fnfufil 
 njjrrnl , (igf;rnvfifn flic miilf. nf fli(( irnponii<!nf, , fu'cfjjorritf 
 lln> pnu'pMf^ of liMidciiin^, or fvmvfiiHiori ; 'ind (vinvor^f! info 
 lliiMM»inp!»Hs oT » Hiiifijl iiionuMif flic wfjtt,(;n!d iriflufuif;f(S and 
 llio ordiiiiiry hhmiiih of miiny yciirs. Tlmi Rixdi fin cpfi, Imp- 
 
 pv nr unhfippy, Ihim pfiRsiMl wifh iiifiny of you, fin ('oniinufil 
 !inil sDinoHtiKiH poworfiilly iimniH^picd prcRorifc offli'; Hpirii 
 o\' llu> livlii:; Uod fuuon^ us, K^avns nof. a fliiadow of doubt. 
 In liTnililin^ liop(>, \V(» niURf. Kiavo iliifl suhject to rost un 
 I'xplorod, till tlio Jiion of tlio trilu; c)(',luflali filiail opon tho 
 souls of tlio book, and tlieii '* nliail tho tliou^litH of ovcry 
 lioiirt l>o inndo manircBt," and " tlin day shall d«',»jlfiro,'' and 
 tho lin^ sliall " try every inan'H work, of wliat K<;rt it is." 
 
 Moanwhile, it i.' not without anxiety that I revert to your 
 present doHiitu to condition. Yet let tliosf! whose hearts arc 
 tronibling lor Ihe ark ol'Ood, in reefilleetinf^ all thai is past, 
 leiirn *!to trust him for all that is to come." lias tho Lord 
 
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 !>rouiiht yoii Ihrougli iho UimI Hon, <luv( 1i« titi!»;lil rImv ymi 
 in Mio wiiJornoBf", you and yotir litilo onrs ? Ht»w oIIpm, 
 whon ilan^pr liap throadMUMl, Iwvh InsovonMilinj:; urovlth'not' 
 p?r.i!inl, Mt\»l .soiMnod to pay of Iho «»l\iRtor wliioh <Iio Imnd ol' 
 the gloanor hiwl not ootu'oyni to Ins buHkol, " IVstrov il 
 not; for th(*ro is j\ Mospin^ in it." IMy itrayor is, tli,»l 
 "your oyos \\\ny soon poo your timchcr," tliat lio may lie ;i 
 shophoril (hat " plvnll t'oed you with kuo\vlo(I}',v," ono wlu> 
 
 " l>pi\l Kli»o«r«>ly \\'\\\\ your Botils 
 And prpiioh tho ijoppel (or llip m»P\tpra Hnko," 
 
 that U]Hin tho tounilation jilroady lai<l ho may huild with 
 p>ld, pilvor aiul pivoiiUiP stonop, and that \w may poo (ht 
 tomplo of tho Lord, in pilont. niajopty aripo until tho to|» 
 }<tono ho lai'l. with tho shoutingp of '• graoo, ^!;raoo untn 
 it!" 
 
 Inmionso rosponsibility is dovolvoil upon you, apaohuroli 
 ot'tho liOrd .U\'^U3 Christ. Tlumgh plantod noar tho vory 
 tVxuitior ot' Cliristondoni, vou aro nituutod in tho Now York 
 oftlio North, .droavly the oontro of knowh^dgo and oouinioroo. 
 and soon to ho tho oontro of political inlluotuu^ to tho Oana 
 das. Your lot is oast in a land, /»c/o propoutinii!; tho intorost 
 ing Pjwtaolo oC tho old foudal forms o[' sooioty, luovod hy 
 the imp\ilso of mind bonoath, just boginning to bronk up. 
 Irom tho lonj; oongoalmont of tho wintry n«^03 ,!;'oiu^ by ; and 
 then', {>( anothor portion of tho commututy, warm with all 
 tho formonting olomonta of mo Icrnaotivity, abouttoroooivc 
 tho improssion, which tho prosont day phall initamp on tlw 
 prosont .and futuro gonorations. Was thon* ovor an ai;o. 
 not oxoopting tho first, or tho sixtoouth conturios, prosont 
 ing such a field for moral inHuonco, or richer in tho budding 
 prospects o( milleuial maturity ? ^fy dear brothorn, I am, 
 
HRV. ,I(»FIK,IMI HTinilH rimiMTMAM. 
 
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 iliovr (ill lliiiifTfl, niiximiR ilint yinj hIkmiM \'vv] Iho sfiirit «•(' 
 I III* (itiiPF), lliiiti iikuIh nr(|U(iitito(l with ilio Ikhh- (if tlio duy. 
 villi hIhmiM lift l»m^or hIooji an <!(» otlmrp, l»iif nwfiko to ptit 
 oil iliM wli<»l" finiKir of UimI. 'I'd "H(«ok tint tliiii^^H wliidli 
 t»n» »1rPUR CliiiHt'fl," ronlially iu fall in with, iifid iir^o lor 
 wfirtl iln^ \r/vnl plniif (•(' liiM hciMWolondn, im n lii^hcr ftfifl 
 !i ninro iiM|i()rtaiit olijnrt., Mian ovvu to wiok your own 
 salvntioii. 'I'lio r in(|noptR of tlm Olinnrli luivn, in oUi(ir 
 ;i|;t'f<, luMMi nia(l«» at. ilu* oip<Mi«(i of ftlmnl. , jicr poaoorul 
 Iritmiplipt niMHl, now l»o PUsiaituMl fiy ilid frlhnfr nuniri/ of 
 Ii(«r oliildrrn. Tlio oauflo of Olirist, Ii?ih nni'dnd tli»> niy^iuuoul 
 (tl' ptitinniHunnrinj.'; ; it, will now lioRt, !»o b('ri(lit<>d hy ttiC5 
 i-llitrifi oC R('ird(Miying a(^tivity. And if tlios* , wtio now 
 rnrol tlioinHrlvoH anion^ t.lio poIdic^rR of tlio ttopr, liav«^ ro 
 little lovo for ilh^ kinj^doin of (Jliripi, tli'it- with ^Totii 
 ivIiit'iaiKM) tlipy pparo a piMan^n f»f IIh^ pntjKirty r.ntruRbid 
 In thrir ptcwMi'dHhip, for thn (JoRpoi'H miko, and tho pako of 
 ■ill iip hloRRt'd Rii(W<RH<«R , with what, (iowardicc w(»ii!d th*!y 
 Imvr phnink frum tin; linnorahjf! dan^'orp of tJi(»R(; ranks, 
 which, in olhur a^oH, worn «hiily filling up for wiartyrdorn ? 
 'Pliip iPH vif'w of iho (londiiioriR of <liR(jiph!Rhip, whif-h Hhould 
 iiiduoo " gic'it, Ruarchinfijp of hoJirt" in iho camp of iRfUfcl. 
 ir.i man will " Horvo iho Lonl (Jhrint,," h«!muRt lay himself 
 out for Pa('rinf«;R, and " profcr .It rupahim ahf>v(! fiiH ch'ivS 
 jny." And doinf^ ro, ho will ri(»t h(5 long, in th'P world of 
 niiH«?ry and polluticn, without fin(ling pomo objcjct upon 
 which iio nny expand the labor of love. If ii'; cannot give 
 property, Ik; may givo persona/ exertion, and if disabled 
 Irom tliip, lie may, iu the ftct'>f i nterce?,Hif)n, lay hold on th(- 
 arm of omnipotence, and bring down blcRningH which no 
 ^'old can purchase, which no liuman agency can flu[>€rscde. 
 If you esteem yourself but a drop in the ocean of uoedftd 
 
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 litfl»» ovb. v<^^i til' opr»» <o Hu' ^^l^^^^ Imviimm nl' Hh> Mum mI 
 )«\1Vrtfi» with tht* iinpovirtnci' i«(" H\(» <l\tlv. <o t<lt»' (Iim wlmK 
 
 v>»\v oUv. :\\\^\ <t\i» ^^v\^^i^u♦o ?\l \\\svy. \\ {« Mi»< n»<»Mirnl I'ni 
 
 <Umn r^n«t Uo«\«» M\f»«ionnvv »^ooi«>^v ^^^y <'»''> ff^'l' l»<'lil«< 
 vv\lV.iM. :\n«t >vl\\o)\ lmnt>AM)Hv>rlh Urt (Villi in il« miminmm 
 
 <t\u^Ulll^ .aU iho «l'vvk |Nlrt«<o<» oT :\ no^,K*«»lo<l lnn«l, whioh n»,'i\ 
 \vv\l Iv !^tyW\l " 'V\\\^ i^ '/*.i>M\, >\hon» no nu»n pccKoIIi hHci 
 T)\o\'«'' ift vot rtUi^ttuM' nooioty. >vl\v\»l», whon I It'll you, wiih 
 \n 'it^k \n(':u\t hi l|\U\'«!»ntv<»s, \\{ Nv)\\\f«o 0'»nlinntMl i>\if^lontM» tnul 
 \o\MV.is\na ortvoionov \ (\vl r* \\\A\ intiMosI . I n\«>nn " ^A. 
 S^\^'i'tii ft''^ i?^**ym>mo/Vo>» .^f' 7\m;vv,»Hr»' '" TlwM'vilfl wliioli 
 \t Mu\s tv> >vnu>vo, <\\u\ \\\\w\\, Wi'w tlio IvMnjviJilo nuiltil 
 ^n it!t ^Nvu>\ \pW» it >v\>uUi Iv «nvSH^!«l\»l in rovnoving, i\n» ol 
 !iijin« mnjtnitwtlo. i\\\y\ nv>U\«f> rtfttiotivo to (ho ('hiistinn Owrn 
 ^v<i\nt\\l to tho ph\l"*uthrv>pist With i\ litdo nodvKy unioiu, 
 <ho ^^<^lV^'!^ vNf th;\t !>vV\o(y. I wouhl no( (h^'^pniiorsooini^nll 
 Osx^A^i:* Am\"'U^^Mt«H^^v it.5» i\i((uoniV.in lirtlfuRMMo oCvo-nK 
 Tho p\^^>;^vs» o(' puWiv* sontin\ont on (hjit M\il»joo(, l>:is hww 
 \\\ i\w^' VmU\\ ^tAtvv un|Mr;\lloKHl. in (ho hi!«(ory of \m\\ 
 
IM V .iHMr.ril MIIMMM "MfUHl ^^A^<, 
 
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 'l\o ovilfl wliioli 
 
 novtng, WW ol 
 llMwiRlitU) i\vM\ 
 
 livorsooinijnll 
 
 ('l|t|M filinii(iliiti!' Mver Mi(wl,n»(i ririfl MrlnMv I Imv wi>fu*««i<-r| 
 l»i ti IliffMt (I'd (fill, wln'f<< fwo yMttM hIjk'*' wfrofit' flrink w»m 
 illMlilllOMi iltilv* f.'Htl ("flV'"fli««, HH'I M'''»ffi'>'l f«'<M«fil ml ('» nil til" 
 iiiiiVPfiM'iil" 111 |i|-fiMiM«« nr liiiMlfioMM, fiiK'li M f ('ifffi'ifion of 
 Mi*lllitlHMil, liiiil Mil' nllf'f (tl* li'jllor W'MiM ri»tw I" r>ofiMif|».r("l 
 till hiMilll, Mii'l Mi(< i(ri«« of jf fi tWmfttuyi^ n In. '/ft (ft t^huno 
 wlmlt' lliiiilf', Ml (lent MpirlfM <«fiii !»'• |iUff>ltft"<'l tit, Imf, ttti(> 
 Mill^lo MJn'|t, Hie ill ifurr nainf, f(i<" lfif<i l(fi'''ffi'(ti('rof| pftn'i 
 linii til* III" Mliiiiiifli'rJK iukI Jfif^firriniMf* lov^Tfi/if rurfi. Aft'l 
 wiml liMM liilfcii jilfici' ill Mifil, fftv^fi, in wliMf, li,'i?'. fnl<Mi \i\nN-, 
 Id fi i);ii'mI'I 'm |n.!f« (|(.|(fo«t, ih liiiri<lrf<flM (tCl'fV/ftM fin r>flr^/"f, 
 wliii^li lifiM niilMf lij'ju'fl (||(> m/iHf, Mfifij/iiirio rifif i<'i|(fi(i'»fi-< f»f* 
 (lie (VIoihIm 'iI lf(M|if>rMiH''«, nrifl (ir'»friiwH in rnfiw'»fift}>l<« firfi<« 
 lit o)i<ir|i)ilt< III'" »|i'f«;»ifrii| |ffui^r>'fi«' Mini w'im r/ipifliy nfitin^^ 
 ijfl wny li» IliM v ry liffiif. «if' No<'i«*(y Tlif* ffiV" i/i ho <'i\f*ur , 
 lln« IuoIh H" ^'(lMtl(<, fififl fli«» ^f'liififl iifiw tfik/'fi '»(" l/»f;il 
 mIipIIiumh"', f'o '".'luy (Mid «'nfi«^fil«l, tittit liiirri;ifi inifi'l-i fi(if'fl<<j 
 niily III lie t'liJii'lili'iM^tJ ftfi I.Im' Htilijf'oi, fifi'l linfft/ifi h^f|flK 
 Wdiilil iiihI lii'l !• f'l I fM'fffl IM»I, l^ll you Mini, niffiilfir f-on 
 KMjiioiuM'i^ will «'V< rywlifu- lollow Mifnilnr /ifilooofhinM Tfi') 
 ('!iHn \f^ PM I'liwn, llio I'lK^tM po rtlffifit', Hfi'l Mifi ^?;roiifi<l now 
 iMkcii pi» t'Miiy Mii'l f'll'i'clufil, tlifil, an /if|ff[»fif.ri '.f Mifi prifi 
 i'i|il<»H ol' 111" H'njcly pri.'niM io jrifi i'l fi«i no \<iii</hr ji, rnattrr 
 "r('li(ii(M», lull III' »>(tiiH(iioiiM'»UR fif'OfiflHity. Jff" m i(ini\ wouUI 
 iinl violfilf " lli(« ifty/tl Imw" of Iovo f/» hJH noi;/}if»f>r , if ho 
 wmiM iitil rirk lii,^ f»Wfi virtUM in l,lio vorU;x of NjroptJition , 
 irii»> vviMil'l iK'l li" ni'iM'HRMry io ilm t;<>rnj>or)il /iri'i s[»iririi)ij 
 pcnlilioii (if liiM Icllow iriori , if*li(i woiiM not continue; in 
 li'iijriin wiili Mm <lii»!Hi «'fif!/ny of* i\ir. luUircMi^ <ii' ri^^hte'^n* 
 iM'HH luiil jM'iKM', ill our ^uiliy worM ; ih<5n rniiHt h^, fjiii.^t, 
 iiii(l(ir Whs Hl'tiid/ird of iotnl fJmiincTiC'!. Tf> adopt, thc,^', 
 |'riii('.i|il(:H in ntd.«'tif)iifj;h. Tfwy munt \)<i pro/cnxf^d. Your 
 
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 liiihl biirnti \vt>ll, ImMt Iw tiiulor m Im^lirl. V.mi oWo if (.. 
 Ooil fMiil llw> (Miniimmlly, <»» <li>oliir"> y<'iif iumcIIoo, liy „ 
 iMMUUvllon wilh ll>t> 'l'«>ni|H»iiiiUM» HoimoIv, svltich «h»rivn-( 
 Mh'iM»(t.ll« iVt'in lln» milim, hmiI miiochu IVoin lln» ili'oitliwl 
 ri<M\ltlnnliiMi «>r mnnltoiP. I now |tr(t(«t"Ml mio mIo|» ruil)ii«( 
 llitm llio lUM'iolioM lor llu* |»i(Mnnli(tii d' loiii|H>rfUuM» Ihivt 
 >MMM», lUxl n;< M umtinhM' oriMu'lpI, ntltllopniiij'. Iiin poopio I'lti 
 llio lni«il liiMo. »l«M>lni«» my iliM'idiMl onnviiMioii, {finfnll innnti 
 /W(7tM'r' tM»i/ ^('.iy/*r in tivilrnt ai/uViV.s, trnpf no J\tv «m //h 
 
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 >f/'i'^/nV(ir»/ »M M/ »♦<••' ^/»»»», in iinniihil IT liiloni|M'rMh 
 >>ouhl U' orlminul in yourMrlf, Mirn i i il umii;', hi R»i|i|»ly 
 iUv inoin\f ol' im^lMiniion l(» iinntlu'r. H u llilnl |M<i'MMh rrii|. 
 llir |>n<lil i»r Your oitnuoirnlionHnoMM liy v(*n«liM}: llm fitii(»li\ 
 \vhiol\ von rolusod lt» t>oll, yniii' oMiiMilinfi u\ mil nl nil 
 (lnuini:Vl\«Ml l>y hiM wtuii ol' |»rin»>i|iit\ ll'il In* oiimiiiMl In 
 Ul in MMY Nvuy lo 111'* inuoimt ol' Imnuui mi imy, llini. Iii< 
 lu» mullijiliiv* llu* liuMlitioM olMrinkitij*, Moriminul. I I'll 
 l>t> oriminul lo imMOMst^ ihy tlillUMilly d' viiinc, muiI m|ii(>u(I 
 tl\(^ f>ni\ro t>r ItMuplin}-; imlnl^onoo bojnio lliooyoor Imniiii)' 
 appotito. ^^»M\ hi> wlui, r>»r Iium'j/h hhKo, IiIIm up llio «'up Ini 
 h»» brolhor n>nn. is tM'iminuI. ITit l>o tM-iminul (<» imwriim 
 tl\o siun oT Imtuitnorimo ; Ihon luMvIwt. l>y lii.-t vory liiipificsH 
 :ui\nini}»tors t\\\ nrliolo. wluoh mi<l?» llro l<> puM.'ion, ruul <MUM}:y 
 (i> (lopViwilv. is most doopiy orimin'il. (jooil mm liiivr, 
 iU>\jl>tlos^. n»\ti\inkin!^ly boon (Mi^nin^i! in ihis InilVio, but 
 with Iho liglit Uiuv pt^urinkr on tlu> nior.ii jumimi* oI' tho oom 
 unn\itY. U'^oil mon oftnnot niuoli loni^or do.il in tho aorufsctl 
 tliinj;. (uhmI n>ou \\\\\o ovon oonnn imlod hImvo phipn, bill 
 ho who shi>nll \w\\ b.'U'tor in tlu» porsouM mhiI hhorticM nl" 
 las follow n\:»n, wtuiM bo brundod with nu iniiuny -itubOihlc 
 as thnt of i\'iin. Yot intoniporui\oo has soiziMl on more 
 victims, inlliotod more sulVoring, instigutod to mure orinii', 
 
\iV,\ .Hmtf.Vii H't'tUUH (IMMmTMAH. 
 
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 iipnrnmM' liiivr 
 
 tliiilult niiiiiti 
 ao f\tv (M (ht 
 
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 Jill luM'Mnll r(MI|. 
 
 I i>t tiiii lit nil 
 ))«> rriiiiiiuil ii< 
 ni'tory, tlirii. In^ 
 Miininul. Hi' 
 
 no, MUtl MjtlMMul 
 
 l^^^y^^(>l' burniiij', 
 u|» llio tMlp I'll 
 
 liniil t(» iiUMrHHi- 
 !A vory lniHitu'ss 
 i(.M, niulonoii^y 
 .)t)il nioii 1>i<vr, 
 l»iM irnlVio, l>ul 
 
 n tlu^ juumusimI 
 ^^v^•'Pln^'^*, '•"' 
 lul libnrtioH "'' 
 
 (U'MmI (»n nuuv 
 o moro miWi 
 
 rtoMfmlMiiiMJ M |/n«Ml»'r wmhIh ol' lif'r, find vttluWnl m rrif>r<t 
 (|(*j»l(»iii)»lo l»(»n«liijM\ lliMd (liM -tl/ivM lr>nl«\ wilii /ill Uio 
 liMiKiiw mI'iM liiirnlnii!; vill/i|';o«, lt« IimmtI, rMfi'lirii/ K<»|»/inifiofm 
 iM mitMIn |)(iw«/ijf«\ il,« Ironw, nri'l tin Moorly p{ro(irj/;M Mk^ 
 liiirlMiriMiii mI' ilM filitiiiililcM, nrid (Ik^ \nt\ti'h^Hmu^m of itn ^'rvi- 
 liitlo. I \run\ ill 0(1(1 Hmi liirio \n not, (')ir «ll»t,>irit, wli^n 
 
 pllllli'^ M«MllillMMl(, |( (|(MIII(V| IVom fllO Jfl/Mf,(lrilI/»fl ol'rilHfOffl, 
 
 Mild |iiiiI(I(mI (Voiii IIk* «l('|^r/i(lifij/ iiil|(i(wi('(u»r «',n|»i/|Ify,Hli>ill 
 ijoiiiii il tic l<vt^ Mil (iiih-ii|/;(i on fmniMriily io fMud u[)on our 
 nliuio fi «Mir}';o ol' hniiidy, Minn l.o diMiroiyc upon if, ji fjdij,. 
 loud (>r ImiiiIwIkwI find ni/iii«(dod AlVi'-dfiM. 
 
 \Vliil<' ilniM, my lirclliiMn, l»y n pnticnf, caultimiiuw in 
 j,r(ip('(iiillii|-; l.liM !«Midinj«; iiiiim ol' lmnc,v(>l«in('.(i, you um Hw.itr- 
 iii|f your own (i(M'f<('V(^rMn<io, and I'lili/in'iinj'; flic jHory (>f 
 yiiiir lliiiil rrwiird, wliMt hIi/iII liind^n- » tiiumfdi ov<t fho 
 •mluM oriM^II, ill llio vx\H:iumni) ol' your f»/i,rM';ul«r cliurch, 
 iitiy moni Mi/iii in IIki imiwioI* Mi« indivi'lufd l>r!li<',v'5rfi, which 
 (i()iii|K»»(^ il, or ol' Mio <diundi iifiiv<?rK«,l, ol' wliicli if, r(»rni« a 
 piii'l? VVIi/il. hIiiiII liiisdor Mint, il, nuiy not, \k; ^tfr^tc.inuU'A 
 lliniu(?;li I'liluro tini(% n, rfillyinjr point, of '•-vfinf^'-JiH/n, a 
 rtMrintiiif; (Mniln' ol' li<i»linj< influoncc-, /ind u niirwcry for tho 
 iniiiiMlry'(' Wlifil, /*/ii<//^ liindc.r, but, your own nf.^lcct, of 
 tlioHd iiMiMMiiniM, wliifdi m/iy [icrfictiint.*! your purity? what,, 
 hui ymir own ^^uilt., whi<di may [>rov(>k(5 a holy Ood to corn- 
 tnaiid tJMi (^IoikIk, thfit, they rain not, upon you, till you 
 l»(',(ic»ni(! liko a hnrnm h(;/ith in flio wildc-rnf;«M? ^cxt to 
 t,li(»K() HCcurilicH which Hhall prevent, the, f^oodly fabric in 
 wliicli y(»u wornhip " (/hriflt, within uh t,}i<; hope of j.dory" 
 IVoin hciiifj; firoHtitut.cd an the Hcat, of formalinm, the rncro 
 kcl,nr(! room of morality, or t,ho jud<i;mcnt, liall, where rude 
 profaneriosH nhall put, the crown of thornM on the Jledeeincr'H 
 head ai*r(;Mh ; next to t}i(; aHHuranco of an evangelical and 
 
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 \\ nl"t' |MtMMM(||HM In lllh MiImiI'ImImm mI i"( ihIIiI-iIim (m ||,, 
 (•|mU1'I» MHiI M MhllHliMlt (»(On(llMM"(il|i n( IImi-m |)nh<i „| 
 
 HiiiMil, Icitl iHi-lnhh " llu' Mlniy hi llic fiilfl'tl " 
 
 I i lU'i'd" '"'I llllli" idt'iiM «''(llnM |im|I«ii'»"««| , llctl lilt, hiitthui 
 Hl iMli'llt' l»)'l»»li»t», MvIiIIMmI Iiv M lMM(llll>'t| M ''«ImIm|( f(l CfMwl,. 
 Mini lMMllt>'"<l(«l«M, |fli "iMjiltlnn; (|lt< flllCll'lll lilllWMllf'l (tf IIm. foill, 
 mU'»' il.'ll\ t'jiMl ii« ill)' 'jmI'iI'i Tlifi l(M'.' (if icn'i'll ^, (If |iiii|. 
 (•I" hH>\lM:|ll* V, t« ♦•i»l»(i««il|<f hi|' H(i» t^l'iili-iH mI mir (f((lif>f'i, 
 
 \n'll HU'tMlUt* "t<'»l IIM Mil' IH|iI|miImI'i|(i' I MndiMllly^ nl III! 
 
 |Ml<|(«, 'Uiil MM luimi'inl itnlnlMn Mi-. I lipihIm »(I*' mchIo m, 
 v^miMycilt* Mil- ImI'iIHM ' <'v,iiil, iii'iv liMVc I'Mhli fifhifiloil i|m 
 
 mhlil'l I'l ')HlHt>, Wllll" l»H">l*l, If \'i III lt(» l>»'l|h(l, MM' |i|M\'it|((»il 
 
 Ih llu«h lii"j|illiv <•' 'JVmltitl'J 111 lii«l|(<l, Ity III" M(Miiti('ii(M«fif>cifl 
 iluil llu"i»« mIcim I'liMi illnHM 111 MiMtdilMty f(.|i(llu« Mnir 
 lHUM<ill'«l«'0 («l CUMllltl, •\\\^ I'l'iili M\'<>»li» Hioll' «f>(»l(»( 'iM'K'li 
 UM«mI io ll(»VI»llt"«l Mi'llHuirlllM h I" li> »iM |Mir(iM.it> hi 01^ 
 
 Ui'*! i<luMt«lit'« Ii'ivp n(t iU»lif Ih ii»t|iili"' hwMiM of iu\\u\'^miii\ 
 wM»'l\ MH« Mill itMjdiihil In ll(M NtMV *rf»filfMniMil If h jfrfHili'ij 
 imi M<rv H'l' ImmIMiI Ii» n»n!iln» In ("mtHd'ilc'i Icr mftiilicr 
 
 i^MlM'lc lil>lt' tMilltMli'l' lll'l* llioy »ll!> flln»fl<lv Wfivlfiply Mlliloil 
 |i> Ml' li'Mil .Ip^^M'i ( Mil 111, timl Mm titiwill pMll ''I lllh (>vi<l<MI(»i' 
 
 (>4 fv hi'hv,t u^ '^!' ^ '>^A I ln«vM» iMM'M Itfmwri fi (♦luitoti, 
 tM>\ifov>M I'llihiilinfil Itiii ll'4 liMiii'J hI" (»umininiM'H , ' !•'•' 
 
 »U»V»M IHPI willl MM ('MIMMY I'l' (>M>(mI'), (|(tW(>V»*r V5(iii*flf< Im 
 
 ^M^tMV fn\!vl<»'^' M't' sImhiI'ihIm oI" Hi- oImu'Oi, MimI. wniiM 
 ^wImuI I*» |Ih> |MlvilptfO!4 i»r (MiilMifiM rollowMl)i|>, ',«m|Ii(hiI fiiiy 
 V\hv;M'U Ii» IIii* j'M(H>ij>li>'J i>r lli;> fipplii'MnI Mf» f.li;> limilv. "• 
 v^UjhUv ^v^^}p (m M'Mhmv, mIiII «>v'(>i y oliin''!' Ii'H il^' li'/iits 
 Nv»vnUuniu\ oluuoli. \h\' ImsImiioo, wimiIiI jmIiuiI. m iinilfiiidior 
 \»uivvU'!4^»Uj«i. Ni< uuitmiun or iiuivtr'siiHiil ohurcli will mhuW 
 
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 Known M olt'"i»li, 
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 |((|('M (JM'lf ^r'M»,|rt, tVld''^ roiff l»" l(''l|f"/<'/1^ ffff^t fff''»f ^rfk'« 
 
 |(.f Im "(li'fV II'"')'' fhni n /"ffi/ll'l'if' fr^li6-r/A« IK/* fnifh, tr^fk 
 <U ^iii'*il]nH'\ Mf» Iff. I"'i'ljr(f^ |f*'rfrfff</rr«|/,r«frlrrrt t^t tfifi^ftftffrfi 
 f(Mr'ir(('M(('i|^ nri-tir Im ff(" folff'l i(t lf«» )ttU'>frff[ff^f\ri[f/ffifnri,'tf 
 (ili'dl il (''Ofiffiif I" •Vfillrri^ »i(f^«|» /f ^yllfflrif*! ^ff ^^Kr^firyfr ^lor* 
 
 I ' », '//ifli iril'lli^/cnff rtff^1/|f>ffl'r'^rfff}^rr» / nnfl 
 
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 (It) ll('» fffl'i'l , 'rr llffil (vfdf'li r"'|(r'V'«« If f/r Ifr" f^ff^ninfy n^f} 
 ('«?(il)''llr«M,«t'? /d' ♦! 'llf';'^«ff>'l rrrfl tVr-JH/nf h^i'rw ' hf (Vtr'-- 
 f||(« crliM^ /»r /"ififM^Ktlfr^it '•'»frfli«if Irr '•'rmrrriMmjiif ^f pmif^f Ifi-rt 
 wltM'li l»'>f)>rf» ^VM'f f'Tl'iUrr/ iff He rrfirfl, ftff^l ^ffift'^'iti'^ inUf 
 oyqlitro'ili^ Mrr'(f(('"ffif>fil Mf'il //lii'-lt 'ffi't frff'^nffn^'ly /\'f<^ffrf)r,f 
 I'll mikI /'rfftl'M-ir'-l / Hiftf'r» hrr'f^h^ ^ rfr'^r ft f iff'/ rt«» /I ^/«^f ^rf lh« 
 ritJii^iMMt) |(rlf(^i(fl^«^ nf hnvhihi'^oi, ninnt Aifi^jf, ^i^bor ^rfft] vr 
 wrilffwi , fffj'l f««< rf'» fff'ffi '"iffl'l \V'«il 'r^/v^f f/» ffnf, vs'})'!^'!^ }•• 
 'ir'il loifij' lrfin«(f''>rf'"l f" ri irr>'ynl>ir ^rfl /rriff/^n Porrn, fl^ri 
 Miily r-'wrcilfilfij^ tthy^t^ihtn 'l'»"-i not, h-jtUt rt^fffrmf, hjmr><;( 
 
 li„h h\' hthNU if lh'> hh]f^M/rf /I^AJAM -vnno ftf fh^' 
 /iififlMrn/^ffffil frHflt«t of our ff^liiz/fori, f»r»'l k thf^r^for^ hft<^f\]o 
 f'p M lorfri of ««fii(rtfl wop/l^, w^ |[»o»'AAi7f> ftf ^rj/^n fho. ntihty 
 '.r lj(f» nr'«^(|, v^'lil'-h \\n<i nlr^'uly a!Af,>»f,>f/^'-I ffio r-!,)ff from fh^ 
 wli^'il ff* li^ l»f* n ijnofi m'lff, Jircl ^rifKrnA^^ fh^ '^7;>n</A!K"ft| 
 syslAfff, firi'1 y"f fri»iirifnirt-< l\v^t 9i.^if;h fi AAnf'^^'^iort ,m wftH 
 iut(\f |»y ||if> KHiiopifift nohl^rYi'irf, ^' t Ko,lif>7,-« fh^f. .r*^,**'^ 
 ('hrj-!!. is fji/^ .'^on of Oo')/' m f>«( miiAh ««< v7'^ jtim'/ cI^Tn^ircl 
 IaI liirri hb if!Rlrunt<''1, Mi^»f. /A''/^ c'/m^'i^.^Bi^n irt the ap^toiic 
 
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 M)M« HMHImiI «Hitn< IMl<Mlllltp Mini |IiMiu«I ID/iIM l|l</«|n||/< 
 l<Ht|MMI<IMt( IphlltM, I'iMiIImIIv I'IMltlMIM'll ('lMlMJIijHl)y lllMflHt)! 
 t^l |ll>» ItM'HI'Ml iImV ln< (««»)ti-l<||.l| (lIHlt ll(f M(H«(: ^tl»«»(MlV(. 
 «|t't<|tHMllltM •<) iMllIt II lie ••Mil j.H'll't lll'll HI* l|fl«*Ml)iif. 
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 n| ilu< (Mil MMil NlMV Tt'Hi'HUl'lll M'l ll)l< VVlinl nl 11(1/1, III, 
 
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 mlt i»l Hti' uiMltl « Ni'Huml |hhiv'hHh», ItM-miM- llih i««'i.(iIm|.|i 
 
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 itUH\l<i In ll«>> M(Ml)»lMi»'M f lIlK HIIMmIImH \>\ M |M(|((| H(|", 
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 »\ \\\\\[m\ Mnll»<l'tNiMlln^, lltMl Ihi' |t«iwnn plvt«, Im (il'i kwh 
 
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 M\y\ V\i(l\\M\l \\\\uA\ llu>V will tit'l IPlM^ivo ImIu lllivil IiIImW 
 
 »\\\\\ Uy'<l H\»^Y (UP MH'MViMiMi* lit llit^ IIm'mI llpfid oT llio 
 
 riwMvIr <l\!>l llu\Y i'»^ HIMIO I'llltM lIl'HI llir (IliollltlON cl" ill" 
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Uk\f int'p.t'H titHiUii t'llhit^tst^^ 
 
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 Mill f«'«i«'«nM(fl/ l(" «H|r(foi/w| |/» hnth n\it^h^i'i\ ^ftfh «li*^f-nnii 
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 t(M(l 
 
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 liHVM <'ff»"l In 'I'l'-Mrilfilfic III" 'In^f'KM lirr'' \i<*f^f'('fi 
 \\u> Mii'itthff mu\ III" Im/inifintf In Ifr" ore- " i*-/-, wri'l Mi" 
 hnimilifiil Mfi'l iintiiiiini hiiif In lii" 'ilfnY, W' rn^y tf:n'^frff 
 .ilijy »<(i»i"Im(I" 'I'IciJ Mi" fifiMirfil Ifi'loWifj/*" '»f Mi" lnrr^inri 
 jiiil frifiy liMV" l"'l Mi'iMtfifr'I'i I'l /I'lopf, 'i linrrinri 'r'"'! 
 Ill" lM/f»llJlfl(» filfifi'l/ir'l ill' IrfiMi 'tuni('Uf\ frf tinitv/^ if 
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 iiilM|ll|»l(» W'f/I (»r (liiitl hi Nifihun, luu^i f»" t-huf-\^t<\''<\ 
 wllli "(jiimI mmD^Iv Afi'l y"l, fi"iMi"r "'»fi"lri«<iorr //ill '//,irr;ifif 
 H't \\\ III" |i'»«lllofi lli'tl MN^tU uv\\i l»" ^li'prtri><"'l wiMi 
 Willi'Mili lli'^fM, Ml" l)fi|'"r lA' 'liM"if»liri" ('<<\\\(\ fr<,nft Mi" 
 li"r"li«« Id uti y]ti\i\\hi\ NfijiiilrilKifi. Wihihut fli^rn, M>" 
 "liiiicli WMiild (ii^M/>fil hi Ml" W'rM fi'» ^!fflif»iM^('l of fh^ 
 HVMl(»f(( ol' If »iMi wli'"li hIi^ [>ri/<''l firi'l ioinr^l"'! , ofi'l wh"ri 
 III" iitidd (tl* III" "rKjuIrdf w>i« 'Irif'Mft^'; nf rnndorfr iri Mi" 
 "pMi mi\ fil' M(i"«MilMl((((i,dr (Irivirij*; f»y nisMil, ripori M»<> hl^M^ri 
 r""l<M «»r »»rf«»r, fid flfiffiifij^ l»^»iyi<»fi wmiI'I r';Ht iN rri".r)''I!-/ 
 Kiy (illiWMit llif* (IfifldM^HM. WiMioir^, Miorn, Mi"rr) wouM Fk^ 
 (1(1 w(iy dl' lf>Mrfilfi^^ Mid «miMfri/>rif.fl df f^«l«o<•I)lf^<l ho<Ji^ ''>f 
 prdliwlfij*; dliflHli/ifiw, In order l/» nwdrf»iri wl("MiCir «ri nnlf-y 
 "rCdiMi Idrdidd Mfiy cdrriifKifi^r^riirwl of fMldWMhipnncl f/^op<v 
 mlidn. 'rill ( know MkiI n fninisf^r prcfichc?? »/",«ri3 and his 
 
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 iF'li 
 
 '.( i 
 
 I 
 
 t5S 
 
 M KM in It o\'' Tiir-i 
 
 l^^^''^^^>l. \ 0;M\nol y\'M'\' WW^vW U\'\\\y\\\\ \\\^ \\\\uU\\\\\\<y\\^ Till 
 
 \\'\t. ;mw|^i']. I i'\nni>t j'lm'o invpi'll' nl lln' IfiMf oC IIm ruin 
 iwnnioM . :ui<l till Iwo i^iM.7>f,« l»i> MMli'^lli'tl Htnl imh»|» nllici 
 
 l\oM ll^t' n>nn\ion «>n 
 
 IV!»I 
 
 ion 
 
 n 
 
 u>v I'iMi n<Mi«r n 
 
 nHi» I 
 
 II nnv 
 
 oonnnon \Am\ r<n {]w I'^lonsimi of <l«t' Mnuilntn nf Clni^i 
 Thonoh f«onh' nn^«»ni.l«Ml n\rn nf uimIIj jnin willi oHumm mC 
 «lv>nl^<rnl intoovilv. nml ruiso jl\i» unlcrv MLi!un'=il I'vtMy •'"'in 
 o<\«»\M\n<^ uoul'^ (o <lw' lotnloif nolo oT violonoo. lol ns nol, 
 1>hMl\ivn. volinntn^h ;» n\0!\ns ol" jMnily wliioh \\\o olnnoli nj 
 riwist \\)\^ in ovovv ^lio Tonntl oTfjnoh of'^onlinl iininnfMni'i'. 
 •\\\\\ Iwywwii' onv ooniV^sion oT ImIII) niMy nol l»o poiloi'l. 
 ;>l>,in<lon it :<)<>>oo<lnM-. 'Mu\ \\vo9\v.\\o ovoty l»iniior IIimI 
 sop;M;\to«» \\\i' ;.'n>lon oi' rinl"*! fVont Iho wido wiMornos'^ nl' 
 
 <]\o \vovl»l \\ hilo 
 
 no » 
 
 'noo\n:uiv \\\\\\ Molivitv "'' '"i'lil 
 
 \\\\'w\\ "|>v<>\o^ ;\\1 0\\\vu^." lol \i9 volnin llnHlnnnofisJ nl' )nn 
 ]>oso \vl\iol\ " \\\A\U \)\M {\\:\i \\\\\\A\ if! ivooil." And if IVom 
 tho !»<nM\5v \\xAx\ o^ n soviphnnl k'\vo\\. IVmn wIhmum* IIic 
 invrtdiM" )i;<s novov boon nMo |o disi'otlivo ll»o Ivnih, wo onn 
 look \\'\{\\ ooinpofsni*** \i|>on l\is loi^l>lo olVovls in liiy wnslo 
 l1\o hortvt of owv lonilory. why flwnilil wo lor (l\o mipornMo 
 vVMii\vns;Ui*M\ of :n\ omniiy's ^nuiso oT our liltonilily, llnow 
 0}vn vMW unt*''* <*^ <1^<' n\!\rol\ oT llio doslroyiM? Wliilo 
 il\o\vl\MV \ou wowUl roliiin Iho sivniso o( ll»i^ HoilooiniM' in 
 {ho nuviolAlov^ snnolily ol' i\ " sinvdon inoli^sod." " n sprini: 
 sluit up," " s\ 1oun<:un soalod." " }>o Il\y W!\y lorlli by <l»*^ 
 t\>t:itfj\^ iyf ihi- tii^t'k."' " Thus s;\ilh Iho Lonl. Si.'nitl yo 
 in tho w:\\!i nnvl soo. !\i\d nsk lor ll\o .'/.//'.»//».v. whoro ifiilio 
 iTvV'i w.w. nuvl walk (Uoivin, !U\d )o sjiail [\\\\\ rosi to } 
 
 ouv 
 
 !»OUl!*/* 
 
 Ti is only so lono- a'j tho ohnivh is in U\o purity of I 
 doctriuo '' \V\y ns tho luoon. in o vUiVusivonoss of hov 
 
 lor 
 
WP.V fO^PPff PTIMMH <'rfMrMT>fAM 
 
 ir»f» 
 
 l^hnHnnM Till 
 I. iinil iMnlMMct'^ 
 
 IIimI i»'m«Ii nllii'i 
 i<r unilt» itt nny 
 vilmn or (Mniil 
 \ Willi ollwMM dl' 
 inv4l ovtMV ronn 
 iMU'o. lol; IIR unl. 
 
 ilitil imnnrlin«iM>, 
 V nof. bo piMliM't. 
 
 clivitv of iniml 
 nxnnofv' nl' )m\i 
 And ir IVoin 
 ,o\\\ NvlllMU'O llio 
 llw' h-u(b, W'^ ''"" 
 >vl« io lny ^^'""''' 
 ror llio nupovMMo 
 lilMMnlilv, <l»v«m 
 islvoyiM? Wlul'' 
 tho UiMltMMniM" in 
 >simI." •' n ppviiiij 
 \:\y \W\\\ l\V <^<'^ 
 Lord. Sl!\ntl YO 
 jf/>.<. w1\ovo isilu' 
 Hina ros( to youv 
 
 |M'»u»vnli'iuM» " j'li'Mr MM fill. pttMi," Minf. pIio fippfMr'* fn Miooyo 
 tlHw Im'IimMit " iM'MMliriil MM Tir/,«li," «fi>l fo fliofippro- 
 
 lii'iiNiitli nC lif»r iMO'inirH " l«>rf ilil 
 
 ofiM fin finny wiffi l»Mnn««rN. 
 
 It in (tnly rm Innjr fiM y"»i fruifinMo tlif (W'(.(..(ltory jifi'l 
 iriiMiflifin oT lli(> Irnlli llifit yonr inflncFico will l»" s-iltiffiry 
 iitid IhiIImwimI. And il in ntily sn |(in;<; ms it i^ «?(i('|i finif. yon 
 inny <'?i|HMd Hip omim dl' iHrMoI'M nriKlninlifrini?; VVfifrhmjifi, 
 iiiid llio Mrirdy oC flwfllinu; IfOfUMifli flif« Hlndf.w of lln^ 
 Almiiilily. 'rii»Mo(nn» iq it. MiMf, I fun mo strfMinfnH to con 
 linn y«oir lfiv«» onin* finfli, find In d«'''f»f<n yonr fd.*iorrf'nr(> 
 di" riiof. Wliilp if. is fl»dit»li(('nl fo lliink Ili/it tiic vnriotm 
 dontuninnlionR info wliiidi profoPFiinj^ (dirisffMolorn iMflividr-d 
 nip workinir n lur Inr^or MinfMinlof'^ood Mi/ni « l^^s j^pirit^d 
 iniMniinily wonid Iimvp womrod, wliilo it iq (dniritfiMo to 
 |i('lit>vo tluil lli«>HP vfiriotifl po<di(fnfl of Iwrrn'i'fl riimp t\r<\ in 
 llicir K^fptM'livo fillolniontf?. nnindiinj^ nrnlcr tlci (niidMnco 
 III' llip FiMino olondy pilliir, it is Rtill (!liriMtI/in to niftinfjiin 
 llinl llu'io fin» mors rnndniiMMitMl nnd lifTCf^irs d-ifririfiMp. 
 IMy Inollii'on, you miiRt, oKpfot. to inoct. with thosn who, 
 olinnonMiH Cor piMioo iind lii^roo (or t<i1nrntion, will stijarifiti/o 
 with pnrilMni(Mil porvorsninv'^a tho (JhristiMii fid'^lity which 
 will not nRwi^n to alnrrrifji hi crrnr tho phiff^ of DhrtH.nirr. 
 lo (ruth ; whi(di will not. ostocin it, indiHiTfrit. whotlKT wc 
 1)0 tin* Ptihjootfl of M, rinlioMl niorMl chnuy^t^ or die, with nil 
 lli(» olomontR of lioll in our bosom ; whnthrr tln^ Hfivioiir on 
 wluMn wo (no t,o Icnn wlnni <nir Iionri Btrin<^fl nr(! }>r(ifikiri;f; in 
 (loiilh, b(i \i\\ nnn (d'llnsli, or ilio (d.(irnnl (Jod, tho Knthfr of 
 our F^pirilM, nnd tho Li)rd of* Mint, world on wlii(di wo, on tor. 
 No! you (vuinot, na nmny of* you uh hnvo hocn '' t.fin<.dit of 
 (Jod ;" ymi oiinnoi, j\h ninny of you ns nro illundncd 
 by ronton— Uod'fl roMponsiblo gift — for a rnomont liositatc, 
 whctlioi' tin; dillorenco hctwccn tlio two KyHtcrnH be not 
 
^^'^^ 
 
 L, ;^ 
 
 I' 
 
 160 
 
 MEMOIR OF THi;; 
 
 great, radical; and of hopcloss breadth ; a breach, wide and 
 deep as the sea, which no labor of charity can ever close, no 
 line of liberality ever span. And if the difference be thus 
 irreconcileable, I beseech you, by all that is important in 
 truth, by all that is transforming and transcendant in the 
 light, of the glory of God as it shines in the face of Jesus 
 Christ, never to think for one moment of coming down from 
 your high ground of inflexible principle, to treat with the 
 smooth-tongued disciples of error, the religious votaries of 
 the world, whether they be clothed in the more respectable 
 garb of the unitarian, or in the coarser habiliment of an 
 universalist. Be they irreproachable in civil life, respect- 
 able for their wealth, or desirable for their numbers^ still 
 covet not their alliance. Their influence will secularize, 
 their wealth Will corrupt, their numbers overpower in all 
 leading questions, which involve the purity, and of course 
 the real prosperity of your Zion. But I need not enlarge, 
 for as on this poict you are particularly exposed, so here 
 too I believe you are especially guarded. Of this I am the 
 more confident, as already in my absence, when one came 
 unto you and brought not the doctrine of Christ, you 
 received him not into your house of worship, neither bade 
 him " God speed." (See 2 John ix. 10.) It was a good 
 precedent, and ohows with what solemnity you have pon- 
 dered the question, " If the foundations be destroyed, what 
 shall the righteous do ?" 
 
 There is yet another topic, on which I wish to communi- 
 cate a few thoughts, and that is the subject of religious 
 revivals. The progress of these extraordinary manifesta- 
 tions of divine power has in this country^ been long 
 identified with the progress of vital piety j and the man who, 
 acquainted with their nature, does not hail their extension. 
 
 ■ '■ i 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 161 
 
 is justly suspected of being offended with the purest speci- 
 mens of the power of godliness on earth. By these eflfusions 
 of the Spirit, the most high God has in latter times distin- 
 guished this land above all others, and almost designated 
 the inheritance of our pilgrim fathers, as " the land of 
 promise." And I look upon it as a most auspicious token 
 ^ for Canada, that it has been already visited with that most 
 glorious form of the dispensation of the Spirit. It was like 
 offering before the altar of the Lord, the wave-sheaf of the 
 first fruits, by which the whole harvest becomes consecrated 
 to God, and a pledge is given that the entire productions 
 of the year shall yet be joyously gathered in. It was Hke 
 marking and sealing your province with the earnest of 
 redemption, and designating its populous extent as the seat 
 of revivals, when along the peaceful shores of its majestic 
 river, and through the neat and smiling villages of its fertile 
 plains, salvation shall roll its gladdening streams, and '' the 
 light of life" throw a brighter tinge over all the associations 
 of its landscapes. Oh I my brethren, let not the coal 
 kindled from heaven upon your altar be extinguished, till 
 the sacred fire be conveyed in many a direction, and lighted 
 in many a place around you. 
 
 But you know well, that the subject is not thus favor- 
 ably regarded by the great body of protestants in the pro- 
 vince. Ministers and people, and even those in whom there 
 appears " something good towards the Lord God of Israel," 
 have viewed the revival, with which we are blessed, with 
 scorn, suspicion or indifference, according as the state of 
 their moral feelings, and the point of their observation 
 modified their impression. While one worthy clerical 
 brother, who turned aside to examine the character of this 
 religious phenomenon, new to him, exclaimed, that the 
 
 I 
 
mn 
 
 102 
 
 MRMOm OF TT1K 
 
 |i 
 
 fmovr oi'Ciod wmp in it of a truth, nml Ijmr f'wwo rojoiond in 
 ll\r> tVni*^ orpuoli n senRon <>('rolVophin^ f'nnn (ho proponon 
 oftho 1iOr«i, nn\on»j; his own ]um)})1o, nnotlu'rolorgyninn of 
 my no(]|nMinti\noo. lias toM mo, thnt I phonld ro^rot ovor 
 htivinjj; \\iu\ t\ ]>nrt in puoh ii poono ( f (annlioipin niul 
 <i«^hision. You know how olYon ithnn boo»\ ronotiliMlin the 
 outpkivtfl or our oamp, and how chill nn inlimid.'ilion it. has 
 thmwn into (ho hearts of loss inlonnod and oourao-oous 
 brcthron, tliat, " thoro wore no revivals in (Jroat Hritain ;" 
 at (ho samo tinio insinuating, that as thoy woro a poouliarity 
 orthowostorn w^>rld. thoy could bo no dosirablo orf^onuino 
 lonu of Chvistiatdty ; nay, that, thoy woro a monstrous 
 oxorcsccnoe of fooling, from whioh tho pioty of l^ltiropo 
 was happily free. Hut is it true, lot me ask, that 
 there have been no revivals in that land of noble deeds, and 
 ball»>wed assv>eia(ions ? Not to revert to the seenes of tho 
 Reformation, when rapid a\»d pimultaneons eonvorsions 
 weiv everywhere oceurring, wlint is tlu? testimony of (J lilies' 
 Historical Collections, of Fleming's Scripture l<'nllilled, 
 the narrative of the Oambuslang Uovival, and the lives of 
 such men as l^'\xter, Wesley, Whitetiehl, (Jrimshaw, IJer- 
 ridge, and a lu>st of others ? It is true, their mantles have 
 not fallen upon men oC like spirit and power. No IJoaner- 
 ges oC the IJritish pulpit at the present day, carries that 
 demonstration of the Spirit into tlie darkness of tho heart ; 
 or, moving with their moral power, throws sm^h extensive 
 consternation and defeat into the ranks of sin. There two 
 many there who adorn the ministry with the rich treasures 
 of learning, sacred and profane, ^fany there are who bring 
 the splendor of g;imius, the ardor of piety, and the 
 oloquonco of ieeling under the tribute of Immanuors service. 
 An increasing number labor within the two Establishments 
 
IIRV. .lOHRIMf BTIMMH f)flIM8TIMAS. 
 
 in:{ 
 
 nnd wilboiil., with Mm* InkoMF) of (lod's M<>Hsi!i(^ ofi ilicir 
 minifllrnlionp, nifMHCrslcd in tho ini5nniMiri<^ Ppiritiidlity «»!' 
 OliriRti(mf<, nnd cotiHtfitil, nixl RotnoiinicR i!?iU'<nMl ncfjcBRiona 
 totlio iiuinlHT of lli(> prolVpRin^ brotliron. I*»uf Riill, wlwit 
 inM)f bo icniiod irvuuih, iti tin* rxiont., rnpidity, rnMjUdnny, 
 nnd I'oninooRiMl powor of ilioRo wluon v]\nri\r,\()rvM) ilm 
 IFniiod Sl.'itoH, nrn tlioro unknown. Tf tlio i'nvA, woro 
 doubtod, if, could bo (Mmlly (jonfirinnd ]»y ilio shiionionta 
 of tlicir own writorR, and n«lifri(;us journnliRtR. How RbfiU 
 wc anRWor ibo qucRtion Uion, tb/it. rovlvulR do not occur in 
 ilio puro (^bundipR, nnd biMuniMi tbo piouR niitiiRtraiionR of 
 Britain ? Wo dnro notRny ibnt, ibo Hpirii, iti biR niornoxtra- 
 nrdiimry oporntionR, iR roRtrictcd to tbiH Rid<5 of tlio oconn. 
 Nor may wo rcRolvo it, into n niattor of unRonrobnblo 
 Rovcri'i^nty. Tbo oonRtitutod connection bntwr.on liuninn 
 (Exertion nnd tbo divino bl(\sRin(^, autliorizcH us in tbo con- 
 cbiRion, tltnt tboro niURt i>o an a(bujuato Tnoral cmuro in tbo 
 tnuiRntlnntic cburcboR, to account for tlioir dcRtitution of 
 tbo ri('li(M' !>b'ssin!i:R conferred on tb(? Zion of tlio now 
 worUl. May it not niRolvo tlio diiricnilty to aRocrtain, 
 wbotb(M* tbo cburcbos of Hritain, after all tbe proniiHCS of 
 faitb'H onmipotenco in prayer, ever Hupplieate, or baving 
 supplicated, ever expect Hucb ninnifcRtations of tbo IlcdecTn- 
 er's power over tlie beartR of men ? A few individualH, 
 animated by tbo accounts tbey bavo received of American 
 revivals, bave be^un to asRociatc and plead, if pcrad venture 
 tbo Lord would in like manner open tlio windows of 
 beaven upon tbom ; but tbe smallness of tlieir numbers is 
 conclusive, tbat the vhurchtHin a Jtodj/, hancnnt put them- 
 nehcs in the attitude of agonizing^ and prcmiiflng inter- 
 rcssion witb tbat Ood, wbo "will bo inquired of by tbe 
 bouse of Israel for tbcso tilings." Tbo cn([uiry may again 
 
i, 
 
 I,J:; i.J,': » 
 
 
 I? 
 
 164 
 
 MBJIOIR OP THE 
 
 be pertinently made, whether our British brethren in the 
 ministry, notwithstanding all that is respectable in their 
 acquirements, and lovely in their piety, and attractive in 
 their ministrations, do ever distinctly aim as the result of 
 their labors at such apostolical displays of all-conquering 
 grace, do ever secure the co-operation of their church 
 members to obtain a grand concentration of human means, 
 and divine energy to bear upon the unconverted portion of 
 their charge ? It may be asked, whether with an impres- 
 sive sense of their own utter helplessness, yet laying hold 
 on the strength of the Most Mighty, and keeping their 
 heart, and their eye steadily fixed on the great object to be 
 secured, they follow up the impression made by one portion 
 of pungent truth, with the exhibition of another of still 
 more convincing power ; and not content, while one method 
 of awakening remains untried, carry the awful claims of 
 religious obligation to the private abode of every slumbering 
 sinner ? If a conclusion may be drawn from all the data 
 respecting the state of the pastoral function, which can be 
 collected by one who has aever been actually on the spot, 
 these things are never done icith that emphasis of feeling 
 and action, which is frequently exemplified in this country 
 of revivals. If then we are not mistaken in our estimate 
 of the state of feeling with regard to revivals in the 
 churches of our transatlantic brethren, and of the state of 
 that ministerial exertion usually necessary for their produc- 
 tion ; we are furnished with a nufficient answer to the 
 objection we have heard so often repeated in Canada, by 
 those who would call into question those glorious things 
 which God had done for us, and whereof we were glad. 
 May we not also hope, that the attention which this subject 
 is beginning to awaken in the English community, will 
 
^it 
 
 REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 165 
 
 conduct tliclr discriminJition and their candour to the true 
 cause of their destitution of these more remarkable triumphs 
 of Zion's King, and that ore long there will arrive on the 
 wings of every eaHtcrn wind, the glad report, that the 
 Redeemer has girded his sword upon his thigh, and in his 
 majesty, is riding prosperously, because of meekness, and 
 truth, and rigliteousness. I would that those who object to 
 the work of grace in a revival because it is so ra]»id and 
 extensive, would consider a moment that the prayer, which 
 perhaps they daily present for the Balvation of all men, if 
 answered, would be followed by a revival, which in order 
 to snatch men from the bondage of sin, before they are 
 consigned to the unalterable condition of the dead, must 
 from henceforth be co-extensive with the inhabited earth ! 
 Benevolence surely would not object to a state of things 
 essential to the salvation of mankind, and yet if conversions 
 occurred no more frequently than deaths, the whole face 
 of the world would present the aspect of one vast revival. 
 Never then let one feeling of chilling doubt, or timid shame, 
 cross your mind, with regard to those events in which the 
 church has rejoiced, and angels been glad ; events in which 
 candor may perceive the repetition of New Testament 
 scenes, faith recognize the fulfilment of the divine proraises, 
 and benevolence hail, as the only way in which an apostate 
 world may speedily return to God. Be especially guarded 
 against that spirit of supineness, which having enjoyed a 
 portion of reviving influence, is averse to the exertion 
 essential to the reception of more ; and watch against that 
 tincture of fatalism, with which good men are prone to lull 
 themselves, and one another, when sleeping at the post of 
 duty, by saying, " The time to build the temple of the 
 Lord has not yet come ; when the set time to favor Zion 
 
166 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 
 has arrived, we shall enjoy those blessings, which 
 come not accordinir to the will of man, but when 
 inscrutable sovereignty shall appoint." In this, the lan- 
 guage of our indolent hearts, there is a deceitful blending 
 of truth with error, and a wicked evasion of present obliga- 
 tion. For is not a revival, in its two leading features of 
 elevated piety in the church and frequent conversions in 
 the congregation, in the first place, precisely what Chris- 
 tians ought, and may aWays feel ; and in the second, what, 
 in answer to prayer, they might always expect and enjoy ? 
 Is it not always the time to build the temple of the Lord, 
 so long as it lies dilapidated with the wastes of many 
 generations? and is not the time, yea, the set time, for God 
 to arise and have mercy on Zion, that very time^ when his 
 " servants take pleasure in her stones and favor the dust 
 thereof?" And shall we with promises so large, and pre- 
 cepts so explicit, disbelieve the one, and disobey the 
 other, and then take refuge under the secret will and 
 sovereign purposes of God, which were never intended as 
 our rule of action ? " Wherefore, my beloved brethren, 
 be ye stedfast and unmovable, always abounding in the 
 work of the Lord, forasmuch as ye know that your labor 
 is not in vain in the Lord." 
 
 During four years past, I have testified to you the Gospel 
 of the grace of God. I have sedulously avoided all curious 
 questions, doubtful disputations, and every subject whose 
 radiations do not branch into the very heart of Christianity. 
 The Heart- searcher is witness that I have been anxious to 
 engrave such truths upon your minds, as it were worthy an 
 immortal spirit to bear recorded on the tablets of the heart, 
 and such as I knew must one day be exhibited as evidence 
 of what was written on my own. In unfolding the message 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 167 
 
 le messao;e 
 
 which I have been charged to deliver and enforce, you 
 cannot hove forgotten, that the fuctof your alienation from 
 God lay at the very base of all : — a depravity commencing 
 with the first actual exercise of every human moral agent ; 
 — a depravity not seated in some physical defect anterior 
 to actual sin, beyond the control of the will, and of course 
 without the limits of moral government ; — a depravity which 
 no array of motives, no apparatus of means ever has, or ever 
 will be able to subdue ; a depravity of so deadly a virus, 
 that notwithstanding all the fair morality, the sentimental 
 admiration, or the fond love of reflected selfishness which 
 unrenewed humanity daily exhibits, is still rank and bitter 
 enmity against the character and government of Jehovah 
 the Supreme. You remember too, how, notwithstanding 
 this desperate wickedness of the heart, the claims of the 
 law in all the perfbction of its obedience, and a compliance 
 with the Gospel in all the spirituality of its meaning, have 
 been urged upon you, and urged with a fearless conviction, 
 that depravity constituted no good reason for the non- 
 performance of duty. In connection with the fact that you 
 can, but of your own accord never will change your hearts, 
 you have been taught, that if ever it takes place, it will be 
 by a divine influence, and that this divine influence may, 
 or may not be communicated to you, by a sovereign God 
 whose law you have brv^ken, and whose grace you resist in 
 those very prayers which anxious unregeneracy will ofier, 
 and awakened impenitence pour forth. Still the duty of 
 prayer, holy and genuine prayer; has been urged upon all 
 without exception. Such repentance as ensures the for- 
 saking of sin, and such faith in the atoning merits of 
 Jesus, as includes a renunciation of every false ground of 
 pardon, and a cordial acceptation of grace abounding 
 
«t 
 
 m t 
 
 1G8 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 tliron{»;li rij:;litcoiiHncss, havo boon procljiinuMl i\h the terma 
 oftlic Uospol n^oonciliation. You h.avc bcon inatructcd 
 too, that, tlio faith which acconipanios panlon is accom- 
 panied by lovo; — that holy, disintorestod, Ruprcnio, und 
 Ibrvont approbation of God and hia waya ; — that impartial 
 benevolence to men aa crcaturca; — and that complacency in 
 the saints aa holy rflati'i n, \\noh. fulfils the law as far as 
 it cxiats, hj leading? to Oic exercise of every Christian grace, 
 and every moral viriu • Iho perfection, spirituality, and 
 sanctions of the law have beou in a measure developed, and 
 most distinctly has it been announced, that human charac- 
 ter underi];oes no essential moral change after the article of 
 death, which " fixes him that is holy" in a state where ho 
 shall '' be holy still," and " him that is filthy" in that world 
 where, in the absence of all restraining and all sanctifying 
 influences, he shall be forever and forever " filthy still." 
 
 These truths, in the effectual belief of which consists the 
 world's salvation, have been exhibited to you according to 
 the feeble measure of my ability in every impressive manner 
 I could invent, repeated in the forru of didactic discussion 
 and earnest exhortation,- in the shape of petition to God, 
 and entreaty to man, of public preaching, and private 
 instruction, in the sarctuary, and from house to house. 
 In the tremendous progress of such a moral process, " many 
 have been purified and made white and tried," but many 
 of " the wicked still do wickedly." Some have been exas- 
 perated, and walked no more with us. Some, to escape 
 the obligation which the truth involves, have courted errors 
 and become the dupes of lies. Some, after pungent awaken- 
 ing, have reverted to a state which makes it the less likely 
 that the evil spirits of indifiercnce and stupidity will ever 
 be driven from their '* swept and garnished" residence. Some 
 
UF.V. .roRKIMT «TmnM rmusT.MAH. 
 
 1 r,n 
 
 who worHliiiipcd witli nn, liavo |j;ono to tlmt world wli(!re the 
 •irong convict inn (.f tli"HO ctcTnnl rcjilitic.s lins luirst, upf)n 
 iitoir uriHCiilcd v>i(»ii, and Iiavr been tluM-c; convinced of 
 tl osu doctrljicM, wliicli cli;irit> can ifutlicr no reason tn 
 i 'licvo were ever cordiiHy embraced in tbis world (A 
 /nercy's rci^n. 'low solemn tbo reflection fo you and to 
 nic, that many have already |»asHed to their unehan^e- 
 able deritinicM, with a moral character which r 'ceived its 
 last moulding impresHion from my ministry! And if that 
 bo fi solemn consideration, is it not a distressing one, tf *, 
 thoro are 8omc wlio arc now less hopeful candidates ")r 
 liolincss and licaven, than they were before my conn'- '"oi; 
 with you; some who, having neglected the day of then 
 merciful visitation, have " the Uiings which belong t- 'm''; 
 i)caco forever hi<l from their eyes ;" some who, " now joined 
 to their idols," (lod and his Providence, and ministers, and 
 Spirit will henceforth let alone ? When I think tliat per- 
 haps a little more pains-taking on my part, a little more 
 travail of the heart in prayer, a little more labor of the 
 intellect in the presentation of motives, a little mon; toil of 
 the body in following you with the entreaties o''. solicitude 
 to your dwellings, might possibly have saved some one, I 
 feel that there may be a propriety in adopting the Psalmist's 
 petition, *' .Deliver me from hlood-ffniltlncsa, God, thou 
 God of my s<dvatlony If there be those, with respect to 
 whom fidelity demanded more exertion, or those upon 
 whom fidelity was exerted in vain, let me, dying men, this 
 once renew my expostulation ; and, as a friend embarked 
 from the shore, waves his liand when his voice can no longer 
 be heard, let me make this last appeal to your consciences, 
 in the only mode that is now left me : "I am p^iined at my 
 very heart, I cannot hold my peace, because thou hast 
 
 M 
 
 m 
 
tTO 
 
 MP!M«MU nr TMH 
 
 i-' 
 
 ■I 
 
 n »li;nnon»l, 1 fonl.l \v\i<i» upon <ln« tniutl nl pvi'vy "mh' 
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 hi« ho.'Ul in 1<< iN vrvv t'ovt' ini»ni(';il In iiillMili> lttvolin(»'JM. 
 \\\\\\ i\\\\{ \vi(h I) \\\'\\\A I tinnin<), «*ounliM io llto iniinl MrOntl. 
 i>«» nuHi loi*! ili<i<att<i'4U<<ti und mu^immMo \\\ t»t«v )'i»rl ol'-li'lin 
 
 tho lip'* o(" \\n«']\tu\*J!>v>M\> <rnlh. in fonronnil v <<» Hto i»v«m 
 l;\H<iu'i |>vi\\vMpl«*'* oKhoMivIno mlnjini'^lnUion. linvr nssdn'"! 
 ]\\u^ <1\1< )»<* " nvn'^t Im» bovn H'^iun V" NVkuM Ihiil In 
 v»Mii?ovl, <h;i< l\;\\in<v \\y ih«» V(Mv I»(M»( o|' ln>^ lii>iiv(. hm w»'II 
 t\s \\w \vl\olo *U\>'o<iou ol' hJM lir«\ ulrt'iuly siimoil. lu^ i ' 
 ahv;\»lv »v>\ulon»no»l l\\ nholy l;«\v, imMp.iMo orsMliMlyin!!; iIm 
 «^Mn:\nvi<. ov vv^'^tvMino \l« l»»M»or l»\ any t''|iMV!»lonl <>l 
 olv\l\o\\oo. oc s\ili\Min>>. tnvtl (h,»l ll\o oliMivd Sou mT (ind. 
 bv i\\y' u\o«< \von»\«Mr»l n\ov(MUi'nl \mM »tM»iuiloil in ll»r 
 oluvM^u^los of o(«MnitY. h:\« «lo\\\M'v»My <l>in>> llinl jURlioo imd 
 {W in<o\V'-<s oi' o\n|M»v in;\\U» noo\»s«j;»ry Tor tin* ptinlon ol 
 ovovN h\\n\.u> Iviufv. l>\it soowvo <l»oir V(»n»ooliv<> uml onnlinl 
 5\Ovvp<;n>oo v^^ \\w ii\V!\t 8;»lv.i<iv>»». And will yo\i no! \vh\mh' 
 tivolv ;\\\vl vN>Vvli;»lly :UHV]>t ? Will \o\\ not ' vo iho Lord ( Jod 7 
 nuvl loviuvv \lin\. v\\n y\Mi Tuil to voponl of V'""' «ji,!',r»vi\lod 
 OlVo)\vVs jVsT'Unst l\\n\, .iwd roolin»\tho insnlVioionoy ol' iv|mm»I 
 ;uuv. Nviil vou not l;\v your h;»nd vm^ tho liond oT I ho nlonin)- 
 l.;\u\b. rtud so l;»y hold on otoiM\;\l lilo ? Or will you |XM-Misl 
 \i\ sin j\nd div^? — Thou I onll ho.uon and o:\rlh to wilnoss 
 i\\^x \ ;\n\ |>u\Y f>vm youv bK>\>vl. Oh ! whon \y(» nhall nuM'l 
 Hi tho jmkmont b;\v of Christ, yon sh:dl not nconso n\o, 
 th.-^t 1 h:\vo orivsi " pcaot\ jvjkv. whon tluMvwus i^o poacc." 
 
j|)t> jiitinl ••( 
 
 |MtVl <»!' .I«'I(M 
 1\0IIVI. MM \V»>1I 
 
 1^1 VM 
 
 lout 
 
 Ml 
 
 1 Son i» 
 
 r ()o«i, 
 
 »(M<IimI in ll«<> 
 
 :\1 jMMlioo in»<l 
 
 hho p:»n»o\\ ol 
 
 iv« 
 
 MIX 
 
 I oonliiii 
 
 on noi Vi»M|>oo 
 ll\o lionlUodV 
 
 \\v ny!'r«ivi\ 
 
 toil 
 
 luoy of 1T]HM»t 
 
 l^riUo Mlnnin!" 
 •ill you iHM-sisI 
 [vlh to witnoss 
 b:\ll inivl 
 
 wo s 
 
 |\o( noouso mo, 
 tis no pojioo," 
 
 ftfi' 
 
 " liotilotl llii. Iiiiil mI' ||,n (|f,iiif|i»«.r .,r '/JMfi Mlit'litly^ 
 |M)i|i|if'j|i>i| IliM iloiwiI'Mir my (iwfi liffirl. " I'm I li/iv n'.f 
 MlinimotI In ili'i'lttio Im ymi till lln. fMiMi<u>| ol' Oxd," iumI 
 wtmM liiinilily luml wllli till ruilliriii miniHlprM uHUi^ fff'.n 
 
 •ilifil 
 
 inn, 
 
 Itlfll 
 
 II 
 
 w 
 
 f nioiiiilM (jofi «. ';wo(>|, flfivor (.('(JliriKl 
 
 in 
 
 ihiMM IIkiI IM'tiMll," tH well »H " in llM'ttI llltll, firO HMV'"I," 
 
 Anil rliiil! »iny nrmy<l"ii} jM>n|iJM l)iitillvtin'l rnrov-r (criMli ? 
 'riiMii^!; I l«ii?«w tint, wlin liny !»'>,,, Imw nifuiy, yt«|, I mmi 
 
 •^ion of «'v»'ry fnoril 
 
 inti i|nnl)l lln* lnol willmiil, Ili(< r«>vor' 
 |irnliiilijiil y. (Hi ! IImmi. Id, irio wo»'|i nv^r ynii rciw (or tif, 
 llio jntljMncnl Hotil, mw'<I Inin pnrf'ct'l uii\n'ii^mi>wi^ witli lli'- 
 Ini'iil (|«>vo!n|nm'nlM nl' " Dim lijrlildtMm pnl^rmonl of (io'l," I 
 mIiiiII nnl ( jl' nnl niyMoH'ti ivmf.tiwiiy ) It ) |K«rniiM«i'l l.n wr"[» 
 ovor llmflofVnin vvlinm IIh> liniiM«iloMf< nioniy nl'fio'j jm cjcfifi 
 ^nni> rnl'ovor. T'l Imvo noon ynii in (Imiko minor (JiHlrrnm-H 
 nl' lilo, wlion ynnr liourl, Iifif4 looked (or iJiosn fionHf»l:;lion-< 
 w'lioli tt piiMlnr'H Mvm|»M(liy mi!';lil. imfinrl,, (o h/iv) w/il'lc'l 
 
 ynnr 
 
 liiMJib 
 
 y nnt'iimli, or Imvn in-mvofl ov(U" yotir rrior/il 
 
 vo»l 
 
 ntilili'.oMM, wlion (ilionl lo piiMM llm Irofriornloim limi( <ii' !j,r't 
 l»t?fi.»n, wor(> ononyli lin linm.'iii ondiir/irnio ; fml, wliuf, io^f, 
 fkmjI I \n (IliM In llio poctupl (|(./,|||_ |r, ijk, K<!nM;ilion>! wlii'li 
 will liiirniw yoni* lionrl, iif our rioxf, rrusilin^r^ wln;n IIkt'- 
 mliiill oninn ornwdini'; 'mi your mind nil Mm r';(!ollr;(!tir»fm u\ 
 H!iltl)ii,lliM wliioli oiiino Mild wnn(, willionl, im[»n)V(!fn'!nt, , oC 
 oxInn'tiiiinnM wliioli \voi(< lioMrd find (or|i;o(,t,<!n wifliont 
 Mmondmonl.jnr minlMlorH vvlin Mfionf. tlioir Ht.ron;.';tli find woro 
 mil ihoir Cnimo wiilmnl, l^loMHin^^; you ; of ilm Holy Hpirit 
 wlioMo Mlriviiij/M \\(>\'i) roMiH|,r«d till lin loft you wilhout con^ 
 vorsinn ; of iJm p;rnni s.'dvnlion !irou;j!;lit, within your very 
 }j;rMS]) Imi not <Mnlir;io(!d ; and u Saviour, wIioho blood was 
 
 <hod thai, you mi«j;ht oouni it an uncloan thin;;; I Oh how will 
 you loci, when you nhall look upon him whom you huv(3 picrc- 
 
r ? . ■■ ^i 
 
 172 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 
 P'lJ 
 
 ed, and sec the incensed Judge upon tlic great white throne 
 to be the Jesus whom I have preached and you rejected ! 
 ** Oh 1 that my head were waters, and mine eyes a fountain 
 of tears, that I might weep day and night for the slain of 
 the daughter of my people." 
 
 I turn from these saddening reflections to drop a few 
 lines to my professing brethren. We have seen the little 
 band, who, united by the tic of covenant and the badge of 
 profession, formed the nucleus of our infant church, at 
 every commemoration of the death of their risen Saviour, 
 enlarged by encouraging accessions. But it is safe to 
 rejoice with trembling, and reasonable to expect, that ** all 
 are not Israel who are of Israel." It will be so as long as 
 those who hold the key of admission are fallible men ; as 
 lon2; as there are candidates who deceive themselves or 
 may deceive others, It is not necessary to tell you, that 
 . to be enrolled in the register of the church is no evidence 
 that your nana is recorded among " the living in Jerusa- 
 lem." But it is highly important that you should be aware 
 of the danger of being unconsciously a dead branch on the 
 living vine, and cherishing " a hope which shall perish with 
 the giving up of the ghost." It is enough to make the 
 blood of any one, who has not attained t.ic full assurance of 
 his Christian integrity, freeze in his veins, when he considers 
 the causes which may operate in the production and con- 
 tinuance of fatal delusion. Consider a moment the possi- 
 bility, that those religious exercises from which you date 
 the commencement of your Christian existence, may have 
 been the counterfeit operations of selfishness, excited by the 
 mere love of happiness and attachment to any thing which 
 relieves its fears or favors its views. How easily may 
 anxiety for one's state be mistaken for conviction of his 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIIJIJS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 173 
 
 hitc throne 
 u rejected! 
 i a fountain 
 the slain of 
 
 drop a few 
 in the little 
 he badge of 
 church, at 
 5CU Saviour, 
 t is safe to 
 jt, that " all 
 30 as long as 
 hie men ; as 
 iiemselves or 
 ell you, that 
 no evidence 
 2 in Jerusa- 
 Id be aware 
 anch on the 
 ,1 perish with 
 to make the 
 assurance of 
 he considers 
 on and con- 
 nt the possi- 
 ch you date 
 le, may have 
 cited by the 
 thing which 
 easily may 
 ction of his 
 
 guilt ; the ple:isure arisini; from the belief of dangers past, 
 for joy in the Holy Ghost and peace in believing; and a 
 fond attachment to God arising from the mere apprehen- 
 sion that ho has become the sinner's particular and 
 unciiangeable friend, be substituted for that genuine love of 
 God which is founded on a sense of his own intrinsic love- 
 liness, and which will continue to exist whether he is 
 viewed as reconciled or not. How likely is it that a hope 
 thus insufficiently embraced will be sedulously cultivated, 
 from the pride of consistency, the strength of self-com- 
 placency, and the love of ease ; that formality may be 
 mistaken for devotion, and after so much having been done 
 for the attainment of salvation, the mind be slow to enter- 
 tain the conviction that it has all been done in vain. 
 Consider, that professors by the very ground they have 
 taken, have placed themselves whore they are above the 
 range of those arrows of truth which are directed against 
 the impenitent, and by their very fiimiliarity with the 
 topics of religion, and the customary frequency with which 
 they appear in that presence where Gabriel bows; if their 
 hearts be not touched by a sanctifying influence, must 
 necessarily lose their sense of the awfulness of sacred 
 things, and with it, their susceptibility of religious impres- 
 sion, and every ordinary probability of genuine conversion. 
 Consider that Satan and your own heart are leagued to 
 perpetuate the mi- ake by every expedient of self-flattery, 
 till death shall strip the bandage off", and the light of 
 eternity shall pour on the mind the overwhelming conviction 
 of suicidal, of remediless ruin ! If any other cons 'deration 
 were wanting to make one afraid lest he should ^^rove at 
 last to have been a '' sinner in Zion," and share in the 
 fearfulness that shall* " surprise the hypocrites," it is the 
 
i 
 
 
 f 
 
 a1 
 
 
 
 1 1 
 
 
 
 174 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 
 f ?/r 
 
 E ii'l 
 
 
 Sire I 
 
 tl^ 
 
 fact that so few professors of religion ever experience a 
 moral renovation after they have once classed themselves 
 v,iti) the followers of the Lord Christ; a fact which a 
 righteous judgment compels us to explain, not by the 
 purity of the churches, but by the hopelessness of self- 
 deception. But, brethren, I would '* hope better things 
 of you, even things that accompany salvation, though I 
 thus speak." 
 
 I have been honored to be the instrument of the spiritual 
 renovation of most of you: — to most of you, I hope, too, a 
 helper of your faith, and a promoter of your joy. This was 
 to me a delight, which He who " holds the seven stars in 
 his right hand," disposing of them as he will, no longer 
 allows. Still, liowever, m^ interest in your welfare shall 
 not cease. My prayer shall still be in your affliction, my 
 thanksgiving in your prosperity. With solicitude I look 
 forward to your various and weary progress heavenward. 
 Trials, temporal and spiritual, lie before every one of you 
 that arc the children of God. If you would take the experi- 
 ence of one who has made larger trial of the divine good- 
 ness since he last addressed you than ever, " Trust in the 
 Lord. 0, Israel, trust thou in the Lord ; he is their 
 help and their shield." ''It is bettor to trust in the Lord, 
 than to put confidence in man. It is better to trust in the 
 Lord, than to put confidence in princes." With Christ in 
 the vessel, fear not but you shall outride the siorm ; and 
 though he may seem to sleep, "his heart waketh," and when 
 best, he will show his command over the elements of nature, 
 as well as the dominions of mind. If he think it best to 
 conduct you through affliction, he can make ^ouv trials 
 like the darkness of night, which, while it hides this world 
 from our vision, discovers to our view other", till then 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 175 
 
 unseen. Above all tilings, strive fcr <,M-eater attainments 
 in piety. God will be your very present lielp, il' you sted- 
 t'astly aim at the perfection of your sanctification, and the 
 enjoyment of those unclaimed rights which lie scaled with 
 the Redeemer's blood. The object is practicable. A hi,^hcr 
 standard is attainable ; " for it is God that worketh in you, 
 both to will and to do of his good pleasure." Siiall sloth 
 prevent? " V/hat, cm ye not watch one liour," for the 
 attainment of that for which your Saviour agonized ? Your 
 very temporal happiness is involved in the decision of this 
 question. The men of this world may have a portion here, 
 but the sons of God, the heirs of heaven, will not be allowed 
 the same satisfaction in the pleasures of sin. If they will 
 not walk in the light of God's countenance, this earth shall 
 be to them shrouded with desolation. Why should vou 
 shrink from a " closer walk W: '/ *jod?" What iniquity 
 have you found in Him ? aIus He been " a wilderness 
 unto Israel — a land of darkness?" Or have you not 
 uniformly found your dil'gence abundantly repaid, by the 
 composure of your mind, y the pleasantness of his service, 
 by the indulgence of your hopes, the enlargement of your 
 experience, and the success of your endeavors to serve 
 Him ? Is it nothing to you that you will honor God by 
 eminent piety ; and that you are placed in those circum- 
 stances, where true religion so peculiarly needs the silent 
 and convincing illustration of holy livos? Brethren, you 
 do not, you cannot appreciate how much your every day 
 conduct is determining the weight of your own eternal 
 glory, how much it is moulding the character and destiny 
 of immortal minds, on which you are hourly leaving per- 
 manent impressions, which are not one of them inditFerent, 
 but all salutary or mi ;chievous. Lay aside, then, every 
 
tiA' "' 
 
 u 
 
 \7i\ 
 
 MfiMnin nr.' rnr: 
 
 woM Y^^\\^io : ivlin.ptish ovpry Ijiiliil \]\;\\ w.miM obfllnirf 
 
 fbiuo .'\(' )>.> sinulo. ntnl <l\v \vl\ol(» bmly («liiill Ik^ TuH ol" 
 liulit." I,<M \.Miv <:piri< !><> viohi. nm] v«Mir wovldiv iMisincflH 
 ^\\:\\\ W n.> olwliMU'tion. Inil flu^ \ <m v I'nnnniMK^Rl omploy- 
 luonl'^ o!' lil',' ^IimH }>•» 0('i»:tsii>n«i •>!' sorvinu lln> Kintr (tf 
 lu\\v<M>. ;\n.| <h.^ in«>«t f;^nnli;n- oUj.wl'j o\' \\;\\\yvo ;\\\\\ (>v<mHp 
 of pv.n i.i.M\\'«\ 1>.^ BO nnnv mini«<oro (M' in^liU('li(Mi Mud 
 nionns ofurMocv Tlniq tunv von Htnl ;» livinir woll iit " pnM- 
 sino llu^ v,\ll<\v oT HMon." Mnd jvn ricMn Bh«MU>lI« <p 
 stv<M^.:<l\. 1»ll oni'h "in 7/io»\ sI\m11 MppoMV l>oro(.> <i(mI." "Hotm 
 vnir 1r«M s]\:\\\ s<:ni(l witlun lln ,i>'*UoM, () .lorn'^nloiM." Tliovo 
 is b\)< :\ stoi> Uotwoon ii'i wwA «lo-\(b " Hri^llniMi. i\\o <jmt» 
 i"* sh.^rt it viMn;»ino<]\. (^;\< ho\\\ iho\ i\\'M linviMvivi^f. Im 
 ;is tliouvih <U»\\ ](;\\H\«>n(^ ; mul thov <!»;»< woi p. ns iliouf^h 
 tlu\v \\<]^( ntM ; nntl f]»<\v \\\:\t Yi\]o'wi\ ms Ibouoli fhoy 
 ix^joiootl not , ;in<l fliov I1ki< bnv !\'< tlu>\io;j» Ihov injMM'MscMl 
 nof ; '.\\\\\ <l\<\\ <h;il visp Ihisi world. :\f» nol fi!MisiniJ' it ; lor 
 tlio lasliion »>!' this world p;mso<li nwny'' How rjijudly huw 
 \ stoon it ibiuioinjv within tho littlooivolo ol' onr oonproiid- 
 lion, witliin tho rovohitions ot'lour yo.irs ! 'l'hrou^!;h wh.-U 
 vnviotios x^i' siokuoss. lh»\>ni>li wluif thiol nntioji^ of proporty. 
 thr«>u:i>1\ whr\t diwrsitios ol' oonditioti. h.wo I soon sonio ol 
 von p,iss ' H<>w ninny who wont io tho ho\iso of ({od it» 
 o<nnpnny witli \is. nn^ sontton^lin thoir virions tliM[)or.sionH; 
 some to tho boundless oon(ii;uitv o<' tho wihloi nosa, 
 
 nnd othors iK> nuMV Oivt^rod loonlitios oi' tho Kodoonior'^ 
 prosoiHV nnd institutions. Thcso K>ssos havo boon s<upplio^l 
 
- nr.v. .fftpriMi PTinuM citMiHiMAs. 
 
 177 
 
 I 'jinny ♦InH 
 ulil ol),q|nii»l 
 
 \\\ ho full (»r 
 
 llio Kino III 
 » :inil (>V(M\t^ 
 v\it'li(M» find 
 vt'll in " HUM 
 RlnM\j>ll\ It' 
 
 «Mn."' 'ri\on> 
 on. i\\o <in»r 
 V(' Avivcp. Iff 
 I. MSI tlunis'J) 
 lionoh Hipy 
 
 sinu; it ; Tor 
 M|»i(lly liMvr 
 r «'onoi'(>L>;!>- 
 onoh wiial 
 r prnporfy. 
 'on sonio ol' 
 ' of (^(nl \\\ 
 lis])orsio!»H : 
 
 i'SH. 
 
 n 
 
 o 
 
 Hodoonior's 
 
 Ity iiinn>. wild, hufiinj/ (o nq, nw tlio |.«'<i|,lo (,(' tlm living; 
 
 ( JimI, llMVf Hdid. 
 
 " MlllllK'll, WIHTC V'llir lllllU IHMIH, 
 
 oil, it'(>«'lv(' iiu iiitit ii'mI " 
 
 AlifMnly W(^ luivf Ropfi Rovcriil nl'diir lncllnfMi /tnd pJHforH 
 (nllintr (ih1p(>)) in .li'8n«, Miid linv«^ I'dldwcMl Iprni willi \\i>])\\iu 
 snnow lit Jl»o {.ji'MVP. <iv('i' witioli flio pwiird cvon now wuvch 
 o|(>on. "Tin? liinliinii oC lliiM world j»mh .i Mwny." No 
 nn»r(> [\n yonr pfiplor mIimII I n;o in find oiil 1m rorn yon ; -in. 
 nioro tnir pnpitlii'nlioiiM lip niiti;;lod (or Zi.in'H mind ; -or our 
 llnn>kn«!;ivin<iR 1m» nnilod Tor fln|tpli(MiiionH liPiird, I krn»vv 
 Ihnl n port, porlnip-i llin wimin ol' yon, mIimII npv<>r wo my 
 \)uM\ n^nin. Ilni IIn> Ooqpc*! wlii(di yon Inivr not licrn 
 Jiplnnnod to PinlMJM'o mm nn ri. wliioli I liiivn not. Ixmmi fiBlnirripd 
 to prnMch i\h n ininiHipr, mid wlii«>lt innn* ol' iih onr;;lil, to lie 
 MFjIntnipd lo din lln'nfi nifirlyrf!, Htjimpin;; Hindi vulno on ili«" 
 innnorlid houI. dlKploR'H tln> ItNw^pdncHR ol' " tJin d(<)id wlio 
 dio in llip Ijord." Wlnit. if t.lio world, lilui tlin slifnlow <d'ji, 
 diid liMfl pMHHnd, rvcn wliijp IooIumI on, tlip Sun of lli<^lit 
 (MHiMnpsR liMR ri^cn on lln> iircat. Ciyclr ol' ricrnity, fujvor to 
 rpI ! Wind il' " onn tdmriduihovp," hpnr.'dli wn Jirn purtfMl 
 l>y ilio RWollinj^^s of ,l(ird.*in, \\o h\v,\\\ mooi wlum HMrciarrivijd 
 on i\\o othor Rid(\ Is il not. n.'itnnil to })cli<ivn nnd y)lpMHnnt, 
 to nntioipMlo, tiint. nnMnberR (d' l.lio R-'inin chnndi, HoldiorH in 
 tlio K.'uno " HMorfiincnl.il liosi," who Inivc on <'!irtli niin<^l(!<l 
 tludr prnycMR in tlio Rjinio aspiration, and laid tlinir sacri 
 licpR ou \\\o sann> alliir, will, an llioy arrivi; onn af't<!r an(»tlH:r, 
 wail, at. \\\o. pearly L^atcs, and wcJ(;oni() pa(di oilier in, as 
 "the hless(;d of \\\o. Lord." What, a, ni<(;tin;i; will that be, 
 when each of us, having!; conn; up out of [r^roid trihulaiion, 
 and '' washed our robes ami niudo them white in the blood 
 
ITM 
 
 Mr.!M(MH iM" nni) 
 
 ill 
 
 V 
 
 
 iiMV \V» 
 
 lt< I) 
 
 II' imillihiilt"! nC ilii^ 
 
 ill 
 
 (', MIT \\)o .Ntiviiiiir MP ln> )H, iim 
 
 .1 
 
 io\i< llin-, .4 wo .*n!,IU I How (li'iis-liirul llion In InnK I>mi>I< 
 
 ot\ mII llh» \\;»V (ho l.oid hwH \^^^\ uh. " I 
 
 i> ii't'oniH llii' IhImmn 
 
 o 
 
 I o\n- \W\," to s<!»n»l funprlsiMl nl ilio liMMpliHiotiM wo litivo 
 ^"»«\'\)^o.l. (o \o;ol (ho iiHovpvoinlioM ol" iliM|ioMRtilionR llinl 
 M\oo lh>\vno«l ohoovlo-^-j muiI tnysI'Miousi upon n^, (o vIimv 1Im» 
 »<vono(h o< <ho liw iH t\nni)uli)loi). tn<il " llto iMlloniOMst nl' 
 
 to inoit'MMin!' plorii»M o 
 
 .i»'.ltl\" .M<? |V»mI. (o loolv r,MW!Uil lo ll 
 
 iMi^R^jinh'-i \v\i\\\, ;\n«l ;nlon> timl rojoioo lo ovot (hul woIkivo 
 upoouiponoul piwIsol'lluU oIoiumI lompio, wliioli 
 
 I 
 
 >i^M» 
 
 h\\\U 
 
 H own uow ri^n\«!. Iho M<linir!«lion ol'olh 
 
 101 wttnlM, willuiul. 
 
 i\w soiuhl o( " \\-\\\\\\w\\ or t\\\\ or unv lonl «.r imn. 
 
 \V\tl\ tl\o <l\oooh(M or Ihni mool 
 
 ivi; 
 
 isV^l. wMoh will ImKo pl.'io 
 
 ^\»> \\\■.\\^\ \o.n<5. with Iho l»rinhi p»oMpo»>l3 nrilinl world 
 
 wl\ioh will soo»\ mI;u\(1 disolosod I 
 
 o ns nitiny «»r uh ns ni«» llio 
 
 roUowvvf* y^\i\w l.'Mwh, lot u^nnimtUo onrqolvos Iti Iho loil 
 son\o .vhi(x» Mj|!>inH< sin. 1iO( \tvs womvo m Hon.o oT \ 
 
 iM'»«<'in!»; Ml 
 
 <ho l\o»iso ofonv pilojinitvnv t\\\\\ Iho Imul oTour «>\ilo IMoini 
 >0\\K\ do.n- Invllwvn '\( \o Ijmvo os(oon\0(l n\o Itiillirnl in ll»o 
 
 \.\''Vy\ . \(i\w\v bo ;n»v oonN\»l!\l 
 
 ion in ^IniMl. ii'^ny ooniTorl ol' 
 
 \'^\'\ \i ,\My toUowsl\ipor(hoSpivi(.irunvl>owi>l3M«:;l tniMcioH, 
 \\\ h.ivooviM;»iin\i»\is(onMiMo\tpol'ooM w;>lor lolho lliirMlJn^j 
 s^^ulof.-* ihsoiplx\ lol n\o nol porish iVon; v 
 
 onr ViMnonihnnioo 
 
 lot WW nof W 1oroot<o\» in vonr pr.i\o\s. Il\!\| I >mmv " glorilV 
 i»»>tt \n the lih\ ;n\viirit Iv His will lh\l 1 oonioottl nTil. 
 1 \\\;n W a p\n-»f\od j!on of liovi. ;nnt l>o njv.nn proniolod lo 
 
 Iv n howxM- or wood ;ind :» drjuviM' of wmIi 
 
 II 
 
 or m I ho Horvioo o 
 
 k-.'r*or« (»«h4 . ;»n»\ (h;U in son\o luunMo nn\'iNni*' I mi\\ 
 hmt r.-'N'^'UiAfu t> (o (ho piohm> !\n Mposllo drow ol' hiMisoU*: 
 
 >V 
 
 .). 
 
 uv *^HVl>(«\l O'n ovorv sivio. yol no 
 
 >l disi 
 
 roMsoi 
 
 wo 
 
 iW' 'j'Ovpttrx'.'d. ' t^ 10'. ni ^spair; porj^ooutoil, Inil not I'oi- 
 
MIHV fnMlrl'M flCHMlW i<M«fR'(MA« 
 
 IV!> 
 
 il< 
 
 'I. <li 
 
 }ll|l IMll iIpmIi 
 
 MMIM'II . t'tiwl, ilMWII, hill IMll (IrylKiV'M, )l|i)i|'iV (11^ 'HM 
 
 Mi'lvi'M fiM ilip iniiiiMli iH ttl Unil Ity ImiMii' fiii'l 'li^^li'ifi'ir, l.y 
 
 t'Vll r('|Mlll (Hill (.MMmI |r|Hi|l , >IH (|»'(M>iV''IH (lll'l v ' '"•" , '"^ 
 
 imhimwii. 'Hitl v''l ^vf'll Ijiimvvii , (iti 'lylni', (iinl Im'IioIiI w 
 livi', tiH i'IhihIimii'iI, (iimI tiol l(il|(>(| ^ )iq fjorrfiwliil, y I /ilw(iy« 
 ri'|ni(>lii(r ; fiH jnHir, y''*' mMl<iii(<; mrifiy ikIi . n' linvlri^^ 
 iinlliiii{', (Kill yd |MiFm<'PF»i.i(.i; nil lliiii;/H." inniilly, l>r«>f!in'fi, 
 li'Ain'lWI'll I. I ll<> jM'l T"«'l, l»M <»!' (M»0(| roinloif, Ic '>!' <irin 
 
 llliMll, IIVO ill |M>ll('f>, Mini llio <Ji("| »i}' |((Vn lliul (if'fM'n 
 
 mIihII |m» willi yiMi TIimI. yunr wli(il<^ ppirif, mfmI momI, nui\ 
 ImxIv, |io |i|i>f>i>iv<><I Mnmo|(»Mn iiiiIm llin « oii(ii'<^ <i| oiii iiOr»l 
 .lopuw (IIhIrI, Im II(m luiiycr ol' 
 
 Yniif tillocrMMiftf" pMPlfii, 
 
 .)(»M|f,l'lf M. (/'iflimTMAJ*. 
 Ihinlinrt/f {(!i>iin.,} S'lilnHlxi, IK'J)^. 
 
 
f!f 
 
 ISO 
 
 M KM 01 II or TIIR 
 
 'Plu> rtll<»\vin,Li; is oxIr.icliMl IVoim I1i«» " Ainuilx <>/' tin 
 .\)}i(r(riin i\il/)if," publisluMl in IH^S. 
 
 KliOH TUK UKV. IIKNRY WII.KKS, D.D. 
 IMoMtronl, h. C, DocoimIut 10, 1HI8. 
 
 Uev. ANO orah v^ill : To nolc down some nuHillcolions ol" 
 tho _u;inotl Mud m)v; sMintod Chri.stmns, is .'itiislt ulVo('titi«j;, yot 
 plonsMut. It is litiinsj; th.'it your IbiMlKJOiuiui!; work nlioidd 
 oontain m «sk(>ioli of tho cliarnotor nn«l oom'MC! of lliiM youn^ 
 Amorio.'ui o]<M'i:yinati, who, Mioujjh oarly n movod to liin 
 ivw.'ird, was listini^uislu'd by no ordinary <jiialitios, and was 
 iMvorod willi moro ihixn usual success durin;:; liis brief 
 ministry. Lovely in bis life, bis memory is still rrai!;rant 
 alYer tbe lapse of eii^bteon years. One loves to recall bis 
 dignified and s^raeeful mion, bis blanu^less life, bis powerful 
 utterance of the truths of (^od, and his untirinii;, oarncHt 
 consecration oi' all bis faculties to the one object of bis 
 life — the i;'lory of Christ in the salvation of souls, Most 
 profitable is such an exercise oi' the menuiry, too often (Ui- 
 cunibered with things of little value. It is refreshing to 
 dwell a while on one " who feared (lod above many," and 
 who has left behind him a bright example of devotedness to 
 (^hrist's cause. 
 
 A calm review^ at this distance of time, gives /Ise to the 
 conviction that his was a special mission to tbi-^ Northern 
 frontier of AnuM'ican Christendom, designed to begin a 
 
 wor 
 
 k of 
 
 T» 
 
 •itual 
 
 anu 
 
 liorat 
 
 ion, w 
 
 hich. 
 
 receivmii: 
 
 th 
 
 en an 
 
 impulse and an impression, has steadily advanced until this 
 jwesent. tlirough various channels, and in quarters and by 
 instruments then unlocked for. A quarter of a century 
 has passed away since that mission was introduced, and 
 
11 KV. .loSKI'ir K'nilllH CinilHTMAH. 
 
 IKl 
 
 truly wnndiM I'lil luivtiKcni l)i<> vchuIIm. Ah your spiici' will not 
 .'Mlinil orrul(ir[!;(MU('ul on ii uuuoly colliiltM'.-il lopic^ it, nmy 
 sullicu to iu)t.if»^ tlint. Iln'id wcro iiicii only lour I'rotrstant 
 |>l;i(M>s ol" worship in tin? city, jmd iliiit Uki n^r^rn- 
 ;:;!ito nunilnir of tliosd who " lovo(l iUv, Jjord .Ichum Christ in 
 .Miuciirity," wmm laniciitnh'.y hiiiuII. Thrro am now lus'trly 
 twiinty I'rotdstjint IiouhchoI' prnyor. In most ol'tln'so thoru 
 is nil int(!lli;.';(',ni and ('.'irnchtt ininiHtry, while, the uis^in^iw^nU'. 
 ol'thoMo who " know tin; truth in th(5 lovo of it," is Inriie. 
 It iH not my ])urposc to trnoo the inthnsnce of the short 
 ministry of my loved I'riend, hh ;j,ivin,Lf; inipuls;! Juid imjjrcH.s 
 to thiH movenu'ut — ///f«Y would he to write the history of 
 r(!lijj;ion in Motitrenl during the last twenty-live yciurs; but 
 the opinion m.'iy he recorded that JIo who orders all tliin^^s 
 well, and who kfiowH the end from the hef^innin:/, V<'i8 made 
 use of that ministry in a very marked mun;i( • in tlie 
 aehievcment of the pro^r(\'<s, imperfect as it still is, over 
 which we now rejoice. 
 
 Mr. (Jhristnias was tlio first pastor of a small cliurcli 
 formed of individuals who had been connected with a con- 
 :;Tegation, }j;athered by a clerii;yman from Scotland, belon;^;- 
 iniij tliero to a dissent in<^ J'rcsbyterian Body, whose place 
 of worship in Montreal Iiad been erected clii<!lly by pccu- 
 tiiary aid from the United States. On the demise of tliat 
 tiler^yman, a bare majority of the owners of pews determin- 
 ed to become identilied with tlie Established Church of 
 Scothiiid, and, as a conse(iuence, the above mentioned per- 
 sons — chiefly natives of the United States, seceded, and 
 formed ihemselves into a Church and Society, having at 
 len,L;tli the corporate designation of the American Presby- 
 terian Church." This infant body had enjoyed the tem- 
 porary services of several able young clergymen, but at 
 
H ' 
 
 ISl! 
 
 MKMom OF 'I'UK. 
 
 M 
 
 i 
 
 .5 
 
 lonulii nrrivo"! Iho paNtorul InborHor llic ,Miil>i<'«'t oT IIhm 
 noli(V>. Not p*<rsonfillvi(liMitiH»Mlnl tli(«liiuowilli llio clmn'li. 
 1 hnvo yoi. .'I ilistinot ivoolU'cf ion hI'Ium lirnt nppriir.'mo.c in 
 lliis .^photv o>\' l.'iltor. niul ol' llio ntlnu'liviMios.s of IiIh ininiH 
 try, notwilhsJMndiui;- tlio Ml)sunl projudicr wlii«'li IIumi vk- 
 istod in Iho niiixU o\' l<]ni;lis!i spojikinjj; p<M)ph^ f^vnrnillv 
 jipn'tist ovcrvlliino and 0V(M'vI»<>dy not of IJrilisli orii^in. 
 My inipiVMsions nro of Ids ixM-son.'d i;r.'i(nd'nlno*<s .-md ninidy 
 bo.'nity, !\s lu' .•i|>p();inHl in th(> pnipil, nit in d in clorionl 
 vostinonls. ms also t>rilio lini.siuMl stylo and I'oiviblo oliarao- 
 tor of his disoiuirsos. l^),iiilo yonng, ho was yoi niaidlivslly, 
 " a soriho woll inslrnotod," — a workman who *' rightly di- 
 vided Iho \v«M-d o\' (ruth." His litorary aiid ihoolouicai 
 advantagos. which l\ail boon .uroat, ]n» had usod to i^ood 
 inir[H>so, so that ho appeared on all oocusions " thoronuhly 
 A; tiishod."' 
 
 Tho pooph^ ol'his ininiodiuto ohnvijo. Jiot haviiiLryot coin- 
 plotod tlu' orootion of their place of worslup, wen* indobte*! 
 to otlior ooup;ivj nations for the use of theirs, at liours dur- 
 ing; whieh (liov did not occupy them. This was in sonu' 
 respect^s a dis;\dvantap;e in (lie work of ori^ani/.ation ; yot it 
 had the etVeet of briniiini; the younj; minister to (ho notice 
 of mauy. who niii;ht otherwise liavc never heard iiini. Tliere 
 wereat the time scattered throu<;]i tiio other churclies, certain 
 well-instruf'ted and devout adherents of several of tho Dis- 
 senting Churches in Knp;land and Scotland, of which there 
 wore no representatives here. There were Baptists, Inde- 
 ]x>ndents. and Tresbyterians not of the Church of Scotland 
 — men and women of intelli:;ence and piety. Some of 
 these were drawn around Mr. Christmas, because of sym- 
 pathy with his doctrinal views, and with the forms of Di- 
 vine Avorship adopted — as, for instance, tho use of Dr. 
 
 
....:^^U..J^ 
 
 '^WT.j-'"''"' ^EI 
 
 IIK\ . .Ktsr.lMI K'lllHtH CIIIMhTM/NS. 
 
 is; 
 
 "i^i of Ihin 
 
 MVirnnoc in 
 r liiH luiuiM 
 
 » ^(MU'riilly 
 
 ish origin. 
 
 :m)iI ntnnl^y 
 
 in clfM'ionl 
 
 bio cliiiiiuv 
 
 niniiiroMtly, 
 
 riLi,lit.ly «li- 
 
 <li(M)l(»j;ionl 
 
 oil U) ix^Hfd 
 
 lluuouulily 
 
 i^y^t coni- 
 ' indohtod 
 lour.M i]\\Y- 
 s in some 
 ion ; \i't it 
 (iio notico 
 ini. Tlioiv 
 osjCortain 
 r the Dis- 
 livch tlicrc 
 ists, Indo- 
 r 8ci)tl!uia 
 kSomc ot" 
 of syni- 
 nia of Di- 
 isc of Dr. 
 
 WmKh' rMJiliMM !inil llyiMMM. I'jirt of llicni imiltd willi tlic 
 clinrcli, \vliil(< oIIktm nn'i(>ly luM^anio i(li'iitjfi<;(l vvilli ili(« cim 
 fi;r('!.!;!ili«>n. With inii-h thai, whh (ixciillcnt, and cUcctivc^ 
 l)(iw<n'(>r, IhiM was not. Ih»^ (rlmnuitcriMlii! period of onr 
 fricnd'H ministry. It wan tho Lord'M pnrposc (]•(> Itm" to 
 vonchMal'o to him a IVcsh hfiptinm of the Holy Spirit. 
 
 You aro doid)II<'SM inform<Ml from other HomcMiH of the 
 fact, thai, artcr laltorinLi; a nnndxir tA' monthsi, it liecaino 
 ijeeilfni that, he slmidd viMit, the neiudd>orin;j; StateH, and 
 hi.'^ own tnit.ivt' rei^ion, partly for the purpose* of oljiainin^ 
 aid in tho erection of the l(ir;i;i^ place (d' worslnp irt which 
 ho waH to minister ; and that, dnrin;; this visit, ho luvX th(; 
 lato Dr. Ncltleton, and enjoyed t.h(^ unsjxiakaljle advantage* 
 of hoholdin|L!; one of those woncUirfnl works of u'racu l)y 
 which the nunistry of ilnit rcmarkaMe man was at, this 
 ])eriod att<mde(l. Dnrini:; hirt ahs<>n(;e, tlio little Hock was 
 nuich in prayer, while tJio Sahhath »Seliool was niainiained 
 with unwonted vi;;or. I5y unitin;^ with that institution 
 as a teacher, I ])eeamo, at tliis time, conmnitcd \vil,li the 
 eonuive^atlon, and was also, I humbly hope, *' found " by 
 that (Jood Shepherd wlio scekctli and saveth the lost," 
 
 TlnlcHM T a,n» jn-eally mistiken, Mr. (yhristnia.s returned 
 to his eharu;e unch^r the iidluence of what miii;]it pcrhapn 
 b(» dcnominat(Mi, not inapja'opriately, a second conversion. 
 Truly has the (ierman jioet sun.^ 
 
 " r.ftrnc9tno83 is life." 
 
 And it lias been rcjcently well said by a Quarterly Reviewer, 
 — " The acorn is u quiet little nut; but let it be nourished 
 in the bosom of its mother earth, silently building up its 
 massive trunk amid the passiiijj; generations of trees and of 
 woodmen, and you behold the livin^oak that wrestles stoutly 
 
mmm 
 
 ■I 
 
 184 
 
 MEMOIR OF THE 
 
 S, 
 
 ► ! 
 
 
 im 
 
 i 
 
 t'lfl 
 
 i . 5 1 
 
 with the stovni. The lion's whclp, reposing in his lair, is 
 a j^entle creature ; but give him time, and he will show 
 you what is in him. The lightning sleeps in the thunder 
 cloud, but when it tears its prison, how it scathes and blasts 
 the works of nature and of man ! IIow cold a thing is 
 gunpowder, only let the sparh touch it ! Even so is it in 
 the world of mind. Let a man's soul be quickened, called 
 forth by some great principle, some grand ambition, and 
 up to the measure of his strength, and according to the 
 fashion of his inward thought, what deeds will he not do, 
 for good or for evil, just because ho is in earnest, believing 
 strongly, and so acting out what he believes."^' This 
 *' great principle," this " grand ambition," this master-pas- 
 sion, in 3Ir. Christmas, was henceforth the conversion of 
 sinners, and the advancement of our Lord's Kincidoni. 
 Devout before, and devoted, he had served the Lord in a 
 manner superior to many of his contemporaries ; but now 
 it was absorption : " this one thing I do " was his practi- 
 cal motto ; and everything was subordinate to this great 
 object. In him '' earnestness was life," and a noble life 
 did it prove; Would that such impulses quickened us all 
 — how great then our effectiveness ! 
 
 My impressions are distinct of the unwonted solemnity 
 and power of his pulpit exercises. His preaching was 
 doctrinal for purposes of instruction, and occasionally con- 
 troversial for the important end of discrimination. He 
 " chose acceptable words," and handled the weapons of this 
 warfare with the skill of a master. I have sketches of 
 many of his discourses taken down at the time : they bear 
 the marks of adaptation to the existing wants of the peo- 
 
 ♦ British Quarterly Review, No. XL, p. 244. 
 
I bis lair, is 
 c will show 
 the thunder 
 !S and blasts 
 . a thing is 
 n so is it in 
 cncd, called 
 nbition, and 
 ding to the 
 1 he not do, 
 :st, believing 
 2S."* This 
 J master-pas- 
 !on version of 
 s Kingdom, 
 e Lord in a 
 but now 
 his practi- 
 ;o this great 
 a noble life 
 :ened us all 
 
 i solemnity 
 aching was 
 ionally con- 
 ation. He 
 pons of this 
 sketches of 
 they bear 
 of the peo- 
 
 :4. 
 
 REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 185 
 
 pic, as well as of much beauty and force. Usefulness h 
 obviously the design according to which they were coTiipos- 
 ed. Some of the practical appeals arc remarkably pungent 
 and searching; others are full of earnest tenderness. JTc 
 understood the sentiment in its highest sense, — '' Omnia 
 vincit amor." And yet I recollect one or more instances 
 of individuals becoming so infuriated by the scorching dis- 
 crimination of some of his sermons, that, as confessed af- 
 terwards, temptation was felt to shoot the preacher. I do 
 not remember ever leaving the house of prayer, with the 
 inpressions, in some quarters so common, which suggest 
 the remarks, — " that was a well written sermon " — " there 
 was much originality of thought in that discourse " — "that 
 minister's style is very chaste." No. It was all home work 
 — the preacher was forgotten in the truth, and so earnest 
 was he that people should hear and feel that, that he stood 
 modestly behind it, not desirous of himself being noticed. 
 
 Yet his style was easy and graceful, and frequently of a 
 high character. I think you will agree in the opinion that 
 "Valedictory Admonitions," — a pamphlet of thirty-six 
 pages, octavo, is beautifully and vigorously written, and, 
 so far as I recollect, such was his accustomed style. Many 
 of his discourses were written fully out, but he never 
 read them in the pulpit. He appeared there usually, and I 
 think uniformly, without notes. His delivery was chaste and 
 very solemn ; but too unimpassioned for the higher flights 
 of oratory. His public prayers were quite remarkable for 
 scriptural phrases happily introduced, as also for fervor and 
 solemnity. I never heard him use a coarse, or familiar, 
 or slang expression in prayer. My impression is that he 
 frequently composed prayers in order to improvement in 
 
 irship. Occasionally, after the intro- 
 
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 ductory devotional exercises, he would pronouuec the text 
 of his discourse, and then pause, saying — " Christians, I am 
 about to address the unconcerned (or some other class) from 
 these words , it will be in vain without the Divine blessing — 
 let us spend a minute in united, silent prayer." That min- 
 ute or two of stillness, only here and there broken by the 
 sigh of the earnest petitioners, was an effecting preparative 
 for a discourse full of ** Christ and Him crucified." Truly 
 did he say in ** Valedictory Admonitions," — ''During four 
 years, I have testified to you the Gospel of the grace of God. 
 I have sedulously avoided all curious questions, doubtful dis- 
 putations, and every subject whose radiations do not branch 
 into the very heart of Christianity. The Heart-searcher is 
 witness that I have been anxious to engrave such truths upon 
 your mind, as it were worthy an immortal spirit to bear re- 
 corded on the tablets of the heart, and such as I knew must 
 one day be exhibited as evidence of what was written on 
 my own." " When I think that perhaps a little more 
 painstaking on my part, a little more travail of the heart 
 in prayer, a little more labor of the intellect in the pre- 
 sentation of motives, a little more toil of the body in fol- 
 lowing you with entreaties of solicitude to your dwellings, 
 might possibly have saved some one, I feel that there may 
 be a propriety in adopting the Psalmist's petition, — ' De- 
 liver me from hlood-guiltinesSy Oody thou God of my 
 salvation,^ " What earnestness I 
 
 His character was simple, childlike, spotless. He knew 
 comparatively Utile of the world — occasionally this was a 
 disadvantage in the midst of a mixed and busy population 
 like ours. Still, whatever obsei vers or opponents may have 
 said of his enthusiasm, or even of his fanaticism, they 
 could not question the sincerity and consistency of his 
 
 iiJ:. 
 
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 m 
 
REV. JOSEPH STIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 187 
 
 cc the text 
 stians, I am 
 class) from 
 3 blessing — 
 
 That min- 
 »ken by the 
 preparative 
 ed." Truly 
 During four 
 race of God. 
 loubtful dis- 
 ) not branch 
 t-searcher is 
 truths upon 
 t to bear re- 
 L knew must 
 I written on 
 little more 
 Df the heart 
 in the prc- 
 pody in fol- 
 r dwellings, 
 
 there may 
 tion, — * De- 
 God of my 
 
 He knew 
 ' this was a 
 r population 
 ts may have 
 icism, they 
 5ucy of his 
 
 godliness. Into the details of the blessed rcvivnls of re- 
 ligion which occurred here and in the neighboring town 
 of St. Andrews, your limits will not permit me to enter. 
 But it may be noted with respect to his own course, that 
 while he labored untiringly and to exhaustion, he also 
 found employment for others. Christians were instructed 
 in their responsibility as stewards, and they were earnestly 
 enjoined to be faithful. Although a personal matter, it may 
 not be without interest for me to state that, having united 
 with the church some months after Mr. C.'s return from the 
 visit to the United States, above alluded to, he ere long 
 kindly but solemnly called my attention to the Christian 
 ministry. He was only two years my senior, but I well recol- 
 lect the impression his appeal produced upon my mind. 
 At the time I did not yield, having doubts as to the mat- 
 ter of duty. It may be well to state, however, for the pur- 
 pose of exciting others to "go and do likewise," that he 
 was authorized by a gentleman in Philadelphia, of whoso 
 name I was then and still remain ignorant, to offer me the 
 needful pecuniary advances in the way of loan or otherwise. 
 At the time I was just entering into new commercial rela- 
 tions. But the suggestion of my beloved friend never left 
 me ; the path of duty gradually opened to my own mind ; 
 and, having acquired sufficient pecuniary means in busi- 
 ness to pay my own expenses through a course of study, 
 Mr. Christmas had the gratification of seeing me abandon 
 profitable commercial engagements for that higher work to 
 which he had been the first to direct my attention. You 
 will pardon this allusion to a personal affair — it is made in 
 order to illustrate the fact that the subject of this notice 
 endeavored to press all into that department of the Lord's 
 service, for which he supposed them respectively qualified. 
 
P i 
 
 188 MEMOIR OP THE REV. JOSEPH 6TIBBS CHRISTMAS. 
 
 I have already exceeded your limits, and must not ex- 
 tend my remarks. It is now more than twenty years since 
 we parted, to meet no more, until the Father's house is 
 opened not for one only, but, if it may be, through grace, 
 for both. He, prostrated in health, and compelled to 
 relinquish his charge, was on the eve of returning to his 
 native South— I, on the eve of sailing to my native east on 
 the other side the Atlantic, there to pursue literary and 
 theological studies. In two years more, after laying his 
 lovely babes and his admirable wife in the grave, this gifted, 
 useful servant of Christ was called home to his rest and 
 reward. But he lived much and long in a short time, if 
 life is to be measured by effective service. Some of us 
 would joyously hail the comforting assurance, could we know 
 that as much hath been done for Christ's glory in the sal- 
 vation of men, during a ministry of three or four times the 
 length of his, as he was honored to achieve in > . very few 
 years. The Lord make us faithful; and the re alts may 
 be safely left with Him. 
 
 Believe me, my dear Sir, yours faithful''^. 
 
 HENRY WILKES. 
 
 U' 
 
 111 
 
^spwr 
 
 .'."^INMII 
 
 CHRISTMAF. 
 
 must not ex- 
 ty years since 
 ler's house is 
 rough grace, 
 3ompelled to 
 irning to his 
 ative east on 
 literary and 
 3r laying his 
 e, this gifted, 
 his rest and 
 ihort time, if 
 Some of us 
 ►uld we know 
 y in the sal- 
 ur times the 
 1 . very few 
 re alts may 
 
 ul'v. 
 'l^KES. 
 
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